Hey, we looked at friction last day, are there any questions from the homework that you would like me to go over that you were going, ah, I'm not so sure I quite wrap my brain around this. I heard somebody murmuring about an elevator question, but maybe they figured it out. Yes. I'd love to do number eight. Anything before number eight? Number six? Okay. Any others? By the way, six? At a higher level, I'm asking you to prove a new formula, but there's some great thinking that goes on in number six. Number eight also a fairly challenging question, anything before those or after those? So number six says prove that the stopping distance, prove that the stopping distance is given by that there, okay? And what do you see on the V right here, Brett? I'm going to write the V squared equation as my starting point, I think, but I'm going to get the D by itself. Okay? I'm going to say that D equals V final squared minus V initial squared all over 2A. Except I know one more thing. If I'm stopping distance, if I'm stopping, I know V final. What's V final? Has to be. So I'm starting with this as my, hey, this is how I'm going to approach this. How did I pick that up? Well, they said that there was a squared on the V. So I said, well, I start with the one that's got a V squared. I'm willing to bet the rest of this is going to be finding an expression for the acceleration. If I can find the expression for the acceleration of an object when friction is the only force, I'll plug that in here. And also they said distance not displacement. So I'm willing to bet they don't care that it's going to be negative or positive. I think they just want the magnitude. Is that okay so far? So I'm starting there and now I'm going to say, okay, here's my car. What are the forces acting on it? Get the obvious ones. Absolutely gravity down. And since we're on level ground, we'd have a normal force up. What else? Well, it says the car is stopping. What force is making it stop? I think friction to the left. Friction to the left. In fact, I would say who's winning friction?  There's no force in the forwards direction when you're trying to stop your car. All that makes you want to keep going is Newton's first law inertia. You feel like there's a force because you feel like you're getting pushed forward. It's actually the seatbelt pushing you backwards. Is that okay so far? So when I go winner minus loser, it's going to be friction equals MA. Friction is what times what? That's forces mass times acceleration. Friction specifically is what? Mu times the normal force. So we're going to try this again. Scene one, act one, take two and action. Brett, oh bright child of mine. Friction is what times what? Oh, you're so smart and clever, Brett.  Mu times the normal force. So I'm going to write this. Mu times the normal force equals MA. I don't know the normal force. Oh, but look, look, look, look, look at my free body diagram. CC, CC, CC, CC, CC. I know another force the same size as the normal force. So if I hear you, I can say this. Is that okay? What happens to the Ms? See, as it turns out, the stopping distance for a semi-truck and the stopping distance for a Volkswagen don't, no difference, the mass is canceled as it turns out. You know what the acceleration here is? That's your acceleration when you're coming to a stop. It's G times whatever your tires are between the tires and the road, but G times the coefficient of friction. So now I can modify this equation. It's going to be V squared on the top. Yeah, VI, but I'll just say V divided by two. Oh, what's A? I've just proved that the stopping distance of a car is that. I believe that is what the RCMP use when they're measuring skid marks. Except what you would do there is you would measure the skid marks. So you know D, you're much more interested in VI. You want to find out if the guy was speeding before they crashed. They have a machine. I saw a video of it somewhere. It's a weight on a pendulum and it hangs so that when it swings, it hits the pavement and how far it slides on the pavement. When it swings down, that's how they measure the coefficient of friction. It's got a calibrated scale and everything so they can measure it. Because in real life, the coefficient of friction changes based on the temperature, time of day, rain or not moisture. There's lots of factors that affect the coefficient of friction of pavement and between pavement and rubber. But there you go. The RCMP map. Is that okay? Am I going to give you one like that? I'd feel okay if that was the nasty multiple choice question and I'd have different formulas for your picker. Which of these is the formula that describes the stopping distance of a car? And I have various ones for you to pick from. But I would also, I would consider that a fairly challenging one. It'd be like maybe two of these as a multiple choice, not 10 of these as multiple choices. Is that okay, Brett? Let's do number eight. Eight. Okay, can I do it all? I think I can do it down here. Says a 50 kilogram block is pushed with a force of 60 Newtons across a 20 meter long floor. The first 10 meters are frictionless but the last 10 meters have some friction. I guess we go from ice to a small, rougher surface. Okay? Says describe the motion of the block. Now that phrase describe the motion is too general. In real life, if I gave this to you, I'd say tell me the total, the velocity for the first, the velocity for the second. I don't know, I'd be more specific. But I glanced at the answers and I said, oh, it looks like they want me to find the velocity in the first chunk. And then it looks like they want me to describe how far it goes after that. I see them before and after. On the frictionless section, what are the forces acting on this block? Get the obvious ones? Absolutely. What else? What else? Says there's a force pushing it forward. How big is the force pushing it forward? 60 Newtons, that's my F applied. Yes? Friction? Not in the first chunk. So nothing. When I go winner minus loser, who's winning? I can't hear you. I heard the force. I think you're right. Yeah, the 60. Who's losing? No one. In fact, in the before section, it's going to be 60 equals ma. Did they tell me the mass? Yeah, what? Oh, so I think the acceleration on that first section is gonna be 60 divided by 50. The acceleration on the first section is gonna be 1.2 meters per second squared. Does it say I'm starting at rest? I think I'm going to have to assume that. So I'm going to assume vi is zero. I know that a is 1.2. The distance, how far do we travel for that first frictionless section? It tells me that. 10. Could I find the final from this? Yeah, this is the squared one. This is gonna be vf squared equals vi squared plus 2ad. Oh, and vi is zero. That's kind of convenient. Vf is gonna be the square root of two times 1.2 times 10. It's gonna be 1.2 times 10 is 12 times two. It's gonna be a square root of 24. Square root of 25 is five. It's gonna be like 4.9 or something like that, which I notice it does actually say. Square root of 24 is that four? I should check. Yeah, 4.8, 4.9. That's how they got the velocity for the first part. And again, I like the physics here. I don't like the wording of the question. When it says describe the motion, I would be much more specific. I would say part A, find the final velocity after the first 10 meters. Part B, how far does the block travel once it hits the friction surface? That would make a clearer question. Speaking of which, after, let's go back to my diagram right here. What are the forces acting on this? Still the 60, oh, friction. Who's winning? Now, because it comes to a stop, I know that friction must be winning, but what if they hadn't told me that? I'm gonna show you, what if I had assumed the 60 was winning? There is something that will tell me that I guessed wrong and it becomes very, very obvious. I'm gonna assume the 60 is winning, you know it's not.  Is that okay? Friction is what times, sorry. Friction is what times what? I don't know the normal force. Oh, but look, look, look, look, look, look, look at my free bar diagram. I know the force same size as the normal force. What, what, what, what, what, what? MG. So I can go like this. 60 minus mu MG equals, and I'm gonna go A and I'll divide by M right here because I wanna get the acceleration. I'm pretty sure anyways, I may as well do that on this last line. Do the M's cancel by the way? No, I need an M in everything for it to cancel. Sometimes happen, but not this time. I think the acceleration is gonna be 60 minus, I've scrolled down, what was the coefficient of friction? What was mu? Oh, you have to, you don't have a friend of you either? Fine, 0.35. Mass was 50, G is 9.8. Now remember, I've told you, we've actually guessed wrong divided by 50.  Bracket 60 minus 0.35 times 50 times 9.8 divided by 50.  Negative acceleration says, you know what? You let the positive be in the wrong direction. Now in this case, actually, it's still the right answer. It's still the right magnitude. If you have multiple friction sources, more than one mass, you might have to quickly redo the question, although it's a fairly easy redo. All I would do is this, look, here's my quick fix, look up. That's a loser, that's a winner. That's, you just put pluses and minuses, make everything that was a winner a loser, make everything that was a loser a winner, but double check to make sure you got friction moving in the right way. This time, I know it's still moving to the right, so I know friction is to the left. On more complicated diagrams, you might have had it moving to the right when actually, no, it's moving to the left. Anyways, I get, I'll write the negative. Negative 2.23, the negative tells me that it's slowing down. Now that you know this, could you solve for how far it travels if you know the acceleration and you know your initial velocity is 4.9 because that's what it was going over here and you do know your final velocity. What's your final velocity going to be? Use vf squared equals vi squared plus 2a to get the d by itself. Is that okay? So again, I like the physics there. I think that part of it's great. I just, the wording of the question, I would have a part a and a part b on a test if I gave that to you. Any others? So let's continue my children with lesson four. Multiple body problems, many body problems. What if you got more than one mass? The nice thing is this tug of war approach can be generalized. All we're gonna do is we're gonna tweak one small thing. So in many body problems, we have several objects connected together by, well strings or even something like a train where train car one, train car two is not a string, it's a connect, but several different masses that are connected. And the easy approach is to realize we can treat this as one great big object if all of the objects are accelerating at the same rate and they are. I'm gonna argue with you that if I have two objects attached by a string, there is no way that I can make these two masses accelerate at different rates. Unless I do this, let's pretend we're not gonna do this. We're gonna have nice smooth acceleration, which means if they're attached by a string, they may be accelerating in different directions, but the rate is going to be the same no matter what. Why does that help? Oh, huge help. Example one says, find the acceleration and the string tensions and we're gonna treat it as one single system. This is going to be our approach. What are the forces acting on this object? Get the obvious ones. Absolutely gravity down. Now, because I have more than one mass, I'm gonna call the first mass M1 and I'll call it M1g. And my notation is I just go from left to right. You don't have to use the same notation as me, but so all of ours look the same. I'm gonna suggest Brett start from left to go to right and first one is mass one, next one is mass two, next one is mass three, et cetera, et cetera, et cetera. Is this mass sinking into the ground? Then there must be another force in the opposite direction. Is it flying into the air? Then these two forces must be the same size. What force is this right here? And since there's more than one mass on a surface, I'm gonna call this normal force number one. There is one more force as well. I heard someone say it, two syllables. I thought I heard it. Tension. Is there a rope right there? Then tension is pulling it to the right. So far so good. What are the forces acting on this two kilogram mass? Look at the obvious ones. Oh, by the way, is there friction? No, but it's an easy, it'd be one extra force that way, new times the normal force, times normal force number one. What are the forces acting here? I heard someone say gravity. I'll call it M2G, because it's a second mass. Is this mass sinking into the ground? Is it flying into the air? Then there must be a balanced force in the opposite direction. I'll call that normal force number two. That's the vertical forces. What are the horizontal forces acting on it? Well, there's one obvious one to the right. What? The applied force, 20. And there is one more to the left. Yeah. You know why? Forces come in pairs. Here's Newton's third law. I can't pull this way without pulling this way at exactly the same amount. Who's winning? Vertically we're in balance, yes? Horizontally along the string, who's winning? The applied force. So my equation's gonna look like this. Anything to the right is winner, positive. Anything pointing to the left is loser, negative. So winner. And I'm gonna walk down the whole string. I run in tension. Which way is tension pointing to the left or to the right? Loser. I run into tension again. Which way is tension pointing to the left or to the right? Winner. Oh, that's all of the forces on the string. Equals. The only difference here is instead of MA, since we're treating this as one great big mass mathematically, it's gonna be the mass of both of them times A. Hey, what do you notice about the tension? Cancels, oh. So relaxing when tension vanishes. I love it when tension vanishes. I'm in my happy place right now. You know why? No tension. Okay, got the point across. Yeah, tension cancels and how would I get the acceleration? How would I get the A by itself? Here's what we end up with. A equals M1G divided by the mass of both, which is M1 plus M2. Let's crunch the numbers. M1, sorry, huh? Oh, what happened to the 20, Mr. Dewick?  Thank you. Who pointed out the 20? Was it Nicole first? Was it a tie between Nicole and Brett? Who was first? Someone gets a candy. Who said it out loud first because they had enough integrity and guts to point it out? I think it was Nicole. You get a candy later. Katie, let's fill in the rest of this though. Katie, do I know mass one? What? Do I know mass two? What? Do I need a calculator? Say no, because it's 20 divided by five. I can do this in my head, but to two sig figs, this is going to accelerate at 4.0 meters per second squared. If they give me nothing and I want to find the acceleration, Jeanette treated all as one big mass. If they want specific forces, namely tension, now we're going to look at a single solitary mass. Consider the three kilogram mass. What were the forces acting on it? Get the obvious ones. Normal force and tension horizontally along the string. Who's winning here? Not meant that, what's moving it to the right? Yeah, by the way, you'll notice that 20 is not moving it to the right because that 20 is not touching this mass. The only that's touching this mass is this string right here, which is tension. Winner, tension. Any loser? That that means this just equals ma. Do I know the mass? How big? Do I know the acceleration? What did I just finish figuring it out? That's why I had to go to the system as a whole to find the acceleration first and then focus on an individual mass to find the tension. Turns out the tension is gonna be three times four. Katie, do I need a calculator for that? What's the tension in Newtons? 12 Newtons. Start out looking at the whole system to find the acceleration and then look at an individual mass to find the tension. Oh, here's a nice thing. Emily, it doesn't matter which mass you looked at. You could have also looked at the two kilogram mass. I probably would have picked the three kilogram because it's the easiest free body diagram. The two kilogram mass has more forces on it, but just for consistency, let's see if we get the same answer. Now on the two kilogram mass, we had mg normal force, 20 and tension. Who's winning in the two kilogram mass? Not tension. Who's winning? The 20. In fact, your equation here, that's gonna be 20 minus tension equals ma. Caitlyn, to get the tension by itself, I think I would plus this over this side and minus this over this side. Is that okay in one step? I think tension is gonna be 20 minus ma. It's gonna be 20 minus. Which mass am I looking at this time? The two, do I know? Oh yeah, I figured that out in the earlier question. What was the acceleration? And is 20 minus eight for tension the same answer as I got looking at mass number one? Also 12 newtons. So the nice thing about this is, Brad, it doesn't matter which one you pick. Pick the mass with the least junk on it. That's my strategy over there. Turn the page. What if we have more than two masses? If we have several masses connected by strings, no problem. We need to realize the first string accelerates the first mass, but the second string accelerates the both of the first two masses. What we need to realize is, the tensions will be different. Here we go. Says, find the acceleration and chord tensions. Again, we're gonna treat this like a single solitary mass. What are the forces acting on this guy? Get the obvious ones. M1g, normal force number one. What force is pulling it to the right? And since there's two strings, I'm gonna call it tension one. You know what I'm gonna call the other string? Tension eight. No, tension two. That would make way more sense. Some of you, what? I think Brianna, this would be M2g. Normal force number two. Tension one, slowing it down. Tension two, speeding it up, accelerating it. And you know what? I'm pretty sure this is gonna be mass three times g. Normal force number three. Tension two, slowing it down. 20 newtons pulling it to the right. Kayla, is that okay so far? So far so good.  The equation gets yuckier, but not really more complicated. Hey, who's winning? Who's winning? It's gotta be the 20. So my equation's gonna look like this. Winner, and now that I've decided that to the right is a winner, I'm gonna walk down this whole string. Anything to the left is loser, and anything to the right is winner. And I get this. Minus tension two, plus tension two. Minus tension one, plus tension one. Equals M1 plus M2 plus M3. The mass of all of them times eight. Why is Mr. Duick so relaxed right now? What cancels? I love it when I lose tension. So relaxing. Mr. Duick, are you gonna use that joke for the rest of the unit? Maybe. Mitch, how would I get the A by itself? More specific, divide by what? Yep. The acceleration is gonna be 20 divided by M1 plus M2 plus M3. I'm pretty sure it ends up being 20 over 10. We've picked some nice numbers here because Mitchell, I think even you don't need a calculator for this. What is 20 divided by 10? Did you really reach for your calculator, honestly and truly, or are you just joking? I hope you're, let's pretend you were joking, and even if you weren't joking, let's pretend you were joking. By the way, why is two wrong? That's one sig fig. How many sig figs? So if they work out evenly, Mitchell, don't forget to do that, right? This whole thing is gonna accelerate forwards at 2.0 meters per second squared. Now I can find the tensions. Doesn't matter which masses I look at, although I'll try and pick ones that are easier. I cannot start here though, because here I don't know tension one or tension two. I'm gonna find tension one from this guy, and I'll probably find tension two from this guy. So tension one is this guy here. Last time we redrew the diagram, Trevor, I still have it right here, so let's see if I can, without redrawing it, just use this. Who's winning on this mass if we're only looking at this mass? Who's winning? Who's losing on this mass? Nothing. If I had friction, it would be still be losing. No friction. And I'm just looking at one mass, so it's M1A. Do I know mass one? Yes, it's three. Do I know A? Just figured it out. It's two. Mitchell, without a calculator, what is three times two? Six is wrong. Why is six wrong? Thank you. Two sig figs. I have no idea what you said. Oh, the screen froze? Okay, this is my wireless. So I get 6.0 newtons for tension one. Okay, why did I use mass one? Because when I looked at my free body diagram, tension one, when I went winner minus loser was gonna be easy to go by itself. In mass two, it would have been tension winner minus loser since I didn't know both of those, but that wouldn't have helped me because I'd have two unknowns. In fact, to find tension two, I'm gonna go to mass three or I could go to mass two, but then I'd be using tension one to find tension two, if I made a mistake, it might make another mistake. So I'm gonna go over here. Is that okay so far? Core two. I'm actually going to do this one down here first. Turn the page if you haven't already. So I'm gonna do the consistency check first because that's what I would have done first. I would have said, since we've turned the page, it was M3G normal forest three 20 and tension two. I would have said, hey, looking at this mass, who's winning? Sorry, Brandon. Oh, sorry, I thought you said my bad. Who's winning, Mitch? Who's winning? Boys and girls, wake up now. I've turned the page. Who's winning? Mitchell, who's winning? 20. Who's losing? And since I'm only looking at one mass right now, it's gonna be M3A. How would I get tension two by itself? I think the easiest way, Mitch, would be plus that there, minus that there. I think tension two is gonna be 20 minus M3A, which is gonna be 20 minus five times. What was the acceleration? I think two from the previous page. Was it not? Someone needs to check. Two, in my head, no calculator required. Oh, by the way, why is 10 technically wrong? Okay, I'll either do that to two sig figs or 10.0. Sorry, do you have a question? You're good. Now, above here, let's use the two kilogram mass and see if we also get 10 for tension two. So the two kilogram mass, it would have been mass two G down, normal force two up, tension two to the right, tension one to the left. That's what we had from our free body diagram from the previous page. Jacob, here, who's winning? Can't hear you. Why? You're right, why? Which way is this whole thing accelerating? To the, so the force to the right must be the winner. So it would be tension two minus tension one equals M two, sorry, A. Is that okay, Connor? How do I get tension two by itself? So if I hear you correctly, tension two is gonna be M two A plus tension one. So this is our consistency check to see if we get the same answer. We should get 10. Let's see, mass two was two, A was also two, plus what was tension one from the previous page? How many Newtons? Next Newtons? I also get 10 Newtons. So now we have several different approaches. Caitlin, if they give me no information, but all the masses start treated as one and work your way down to individual forces. If they give you tension, start with one mass, work your way out overall to find acceleration or missing masses or whatever. Hanging mass, if we have a hanging mass and no external force, then we need to understand that it's the weight of the hanging mass that accelerates the system. Example three says, identify the net force and then find the acceleration and the core tensions. Okay, what are the forces acting on this hanging mass? Get the obvious ones. And I'm gonna call that M two G because it's the second mass as I read right to left. Is this in free fall? Oh, then what's slowing it down? Tension. Is there a normal force? Is this mass touching a surface when it's hanging there? So no normal force. What are the forces acting on this guy? Get the obvious ones. I'll call that M one G. What else? Normal force? What else? Friction? Nope, otherwise I'd have friction going that way. No problem. Trevor, who's winning? Which way do you think this whole system is moving? So who has to be winning then? M two G. I know it's definitely not moving to the left. There's no way you hang something from a cliff and magically suddenly it starts going back up the cliff. Right now without a motor or something like that and there's nothing like that here. So I would argue that's winner, which means Trevor, everything when I follow it along the rope everything ends up pointing down as winner.   Oh, but what about this guy? When I follow it around the pulley it ends up pointing down winner and there's no more forces along the rope. That equals M one plus M two times A. Relaxing, getting rid of tension. They said they want me to find the net force. There it is. Now they want me to find the acceleration. How do I get the A by itself killer? Nice. The acceleration is gonna be M two G divided by M one plus M two. It's gonna be, what's M two? Oh, the big mass four times 9.8 divided by six. I can have those two together in my head. Oh, 19.6 divided by three. It's gonna be six points. I don't know, six point what? Good to see you finally reaching for, oh no we haven't needed a calculator so far. What happened? Four times 9.8 divided by six. Six point five, three, three, three, three, three, three, three. So six point five, three. Units are under. Darn right, don't over complicate it. There's a reason I told you in physics 11 to memorize units, okay? What's the third thing they wanted me to find? Tension, I think. Yeah, I'll do it right here. Well, we'll do it over here. Look at my diagram here. Which one is gonna be easier to find the tension with? Mass one or mass two? And you said mass two, I actually think mass one because look at your string horizontal forces. How many forces are acting on mass one? Who's winning? In fact, the equation is gonna be tension equals M1A or Brett, if we'd used mass two, it would be M2G minus tension equals M2A. Both of those will give you the same answer for tension.  Which equation's gonna be easier to solve though? The first one. Do I know mass one? Do I know A? Six point five, three repeating. What do you get for the tension? Sorry, I've been doing one. Oh, sorry, 13.1, is that right? Condition three sig figs? Newtons. By the way, over on this side, you would have got tension equals M2G minus M2A. Tension would have been four times 9.8 minus four times 6.5, 3, 2, 3, 3, 3, 3. Do you also get 13 point, oh yeah. Same answer both ways. Definitely one of the equations will almost always be cleaner. For problems that involve friction, we can still use this system approach but the tension calculations are a bit trickier. How would I find the acceleration of each system? Well, you know what I would do first? I would label the diagrams. What are the forces acting on this? Get the obvious ones. M1G, what else? Normal force, number one. What else? Tension? What else? There is one more now. Now they're mentioning friction. Which way is friction acting? Well, which way are we moving? So which way is friction acting? And I'll call that friction force, number one. I'm also gonna have M2G, normal force, number two. Applied force, tension and friction force. Force, number two. Does that make sense, right? There's two things slowing this thing down. The tension from the previous math, math and friction. Who's winning? Force F, the applied force. Winner. Which means now I'm committed.   Does that make sense, Sam? Keep going along the string.  And that's gonna equal M1 plus M2 times A. Oh, why is Mr. Dewick relaxed? Tension cancels. I'm gonna have F dropping down. Minus, Joel, can you read that out to me please? Friction is what times what, Brett? I don't know the normal force. Oh, but look, look, look, look, look, look, look, look. I don't know the force the same size as the normal force here, what? In fact, it's gonna be mu M2g. And then I have another minus. Joel, read this one to me. Friction is what times what? I don't know the normal force. I don't know, no, it's not, never, no, never, ever. I've never, ever, ever said mu times Mg, ever. Friction is what times what? Mu times the normal force. You okay? Keep looking out there, it's not that important. This is important, you hear? Friction is what times what? I don't know the normal force. Oh, but look, look, look, look, in this case, I don't know the force the same size as the normal force. What? That's not a force, that's a mass. No, that's not the, okay. M1g, not mass, right? I wanted the force, okay? Oh, look it up, ladies. You better. And if I wanted to get the A by itself, I would divide by mass one plus M2. There's my diagram for this one. Two masses on a rough surface. What about here? What are the forces acting? Let's do M2 first. What are the forces acting on M2? Get the obvious ones. M2g, what else? Tension, what are the forces? Is there a normal force? It's not touching a surface. What are the forces acting on mass one? Get the obvious ones. Gravity, normal force. What's pulling it to the right? Anything slowing it down? In fact, I'm gonna argue these two are identical. The only difference is, this is not experiencing any friction. It's gonna be exactly the same equation, but no friction too. Watch, I'll show you. Now, winner this time is M2g. That's minus free force. Minus tension plus tension. Minus friction equals M1 plus M2 times A. Once again, my tensions cancel. Zay, how would I get the A by itself? How would I get this here A by itself? Yeah, I won't bother doing that because I'm not sure what they want me to find. There is my setup. Okay? That's how I would find the acceleration of each of these. So let's try one with friction here. Example five. Find the overall acceleration of the system and then find the tension on each core. Are we doing two more? Good. M1g, normal force number one. Emily, what are the other forces acting on this one? I absolutely agree with you. Tension, what else? Friction, which way? Thank you. How do I know this friction, by the way, because mu is not equal to what? Zero, zero, no friction. Emily, what are the forces on the three kilogram? Get the obvious one. M2g, what else? Number two, what else? 20 pulling to the right. What else? And one more. It's also on the rough surface. Friction force, number two. Who's winning? Who's winning? Which is what? How big? So, winner. Now I'm committed, our vendor. Anything to the right? Winner, plus. Anything to the left? Loser, negative.  Keep walking down the string. I run into plus tension, minus friction, one. That equals M1 plus M2 times A. So far, so good? Yay. Jewel of friction is what times what? Okay, I don't know the normal force in here, but look, look, look, look, look, look. I don't know the force the same size as the normal force. What? And M2g. So in this case, our final result is gonna be friction equals mu Mg, but that's never where we start. We're gonna get 20 minus mu M2g minus mu M1g. And if I divide all of that by M1 plus M2, that's my acceleration.  What's my acceleration? 14.7, anybody else? 14.7 seems really high to me, because that's almost two Gs. I heard a 1.03, anybody else? 1.03, 1.03, yeah. Okay, part B says find the tension. How can I find the tension? Look at one mass. Which one? Doesn't matter, but I picked the one that has the least number of horizontal forces on it. I think I would pick the first mass, the five kilo. What are the forces acting on this guy? Who's winning? Brett, I think I heard it. No? Who's winning? Who's winning? Tension, who's losing? So to find the tension, my equation's gonna be tension minus friction one equals M1a. Tension equals M1a. Plus friction. Dual friction is what times what? I don't know the normal force. Oh, but look, look, look, look, look. I don't know the force, same side, so the normal force, what? This is gonna be M1a plus M1g. What's the tension in the chord? Five times 1.03 plus five times 9.8. What's the tension in the chord? 12.5. To the page! Example six, I like, I'd love to do it, but you guys are zoning out and I wanna give you a chance to work on the homework. What's your homework? Number one, number three. So I skipped two, four, five, six, nine B, 10 B, 11 B, I'm sorry, 12 B, 13, and I'm done there. Okay. You got about 10 minutes left to work on the homework. Sorry, I went a bit longer because the projector thingy conked out.


The floor may not be a robot. Ever since the review of Hong Kong 97 for the Nintendo Super Famicom, most people have been asking this question. Was that a real dead body? The answer is rather disturbing. The claim is that the dead body is of a man named Leszek Blazinski, a Polish boxer who committed suicide in 1992. Not much is known on how exactly he killed himself, and we do not even know that much about him in the first place. If you look around the web for him, all you get is a few bits and pieces of him. It is known that the people who made the game were protesting against the Chinese government, trying to obtain Hong Kong. Hence the story of the game. What is not known is the fact that the game was made only three years after Leszek Blazinski's death. This is a pretty short time after his death. An even more interesting thing is that he died shortly after Poland and China had increased bilateral trading. Looking at the body, it appears Leszek Blazinski may have been beaten on the head to death. It looks like it could be the case, due to the lack of blood on the body and the abundance of it on the face. But is there more to it? What if instead of a suicide, it was a murder planned by Happy Soft, as a way of protesting against the Chinese government? What if the video games disturbing imagery was an attempt to scare the people of Hong Kong, into not joining with the Chinese? This would explain a lot of things, like the lack of info on Leszek Blazinski on the internet, and the sudden shortage of Hong Kong 97 games. Happy Soft was hidden from the public eye, and was shut down by the Chinese government. Clearly this game is more than it seems. One thing makes this theory highly plausible, the image is not a scan from a photo, but is still from a VHS tape. The time code, TCR-10-25-27, means this still is 1 hour, 10 minutes, 25 seconds and 27 frames. Each frame contains two fields, into the recording. That makes it very much possible that the VHS tape not only contains the image of Leszek's body, but his whole murder. This would explain why there is no other instance of the photo on the internet. If Happy Soft were the only owners of the VHS tape, there is no way anyone would ever have access to it. If there is any more info that you can find, please let the world know. Update. This man is actually some Bosnian civilian, killed by some Serbs. His body was recorded in a Mondo film named Arquivas de Amort, Guara.


One person is dead following an ATV accident near Pierce. The Morrison County Sheriff's Office says 37-year-old Carlos Schiele of Rice died after being ejected and trapped underneath the ATV. The crash was reported just after 8 on Saturday on the Sewline Trail near Ganola. Schiele was a passenger in a side-by-side ATV driven by 45-year-old Eric Shaw of Royalton. Shaw was taken into custody and is being held in the Morrison County Jail pending possible charges for criminal vehicular operation. If you enjoyed this segment of Lakeland News, please consider making a tax-deductible contribution to Lakeland PBS.


We are getting started right now. So this is basically a virtual fire. And it's a pleasure and an honor to already see Andreas Eschbach. I'm an audiobook junkie and he is one of the ones who started. He gave me my first shot basically. Last of his kind. I was so burnt out about the oil topic. So yes, I'm really happy. I hope you can tell. And I'm really excited. I can't translate how excited it is. How much excitement there is. So yeah, let me hand over to the moderation jinx platform. And I am really looking forward to the Q&A. Yes, also looking forward to the Q&A. And we have Andreas Eschbach today. And there will be a short reading. More or less half an hour. And then we have a lot of time for your questions. The link to the fire side room here. We have a little more space. A few people can join in. It should be in the fire plan in the schedule. And hopefully people will correct me. Okay, it is in the fire plan. Great. And you can join right in. You are here with us live. And everyone who cannot come in, there is the stream. And yeah, warm welcome Andreas. Hello. Hi, I'm here. Such warm words without me having done anything. Well, you did something already. Yeah, well, I've been sitting here for some time. How long have you been writing? I've been doing that since I've been 12. Half a century ago. Recently. Who you compare it to. But he's a fictitious space hero. The reading will be from NSA national security agency. But the German terms for that. So it translates quite nicely. And I also have it digitally on my phone because I show the text. My oldest kindle. Guess I am someone who doesn't like buying new stuff. And the old stuff still works. So it's about national safety or security agency. Again, the German words. So it is Lord Charles Babbage. Someone managed to build his steam machine in 1851. The machine work with information progress quite quickly. And that, in turn, increased the speed of other technological developments. Still, the Kaiser introduced a new information network. It also played a large role in the First World War. But it couldn't keep the bad things from happening to Germany. It also played a huge role in the Weimar Republic and also helped the Nazis in growing. So when the Nazis took power, they also took over the agency that had surveillance of the network. And that network could also keep track over all kinds of communications between the people. So money movements or messaging and the like. The government of Hitler also used the NSA that many people didn't even know existed from the Weimar Republic. And they just took it over and it didn't change too much. The leader of the agency thought that was because there was magic of the letters. So everyone who knew about the words NSA So the Nazis just assumed that it would be an S agency for national socialistic. And didn't think it had to be changed. So this agency survived the war quite well. But today should be the change it changed. It was 5th October 1942. The sky was as dark as if someone had put a grey cloak over it. And the windows of the agency looked like sharpshooter points. There was almost no one on the streets except for a few cyclists ducking in their heads. And the windows were barricaded just to be sure.  A man came from the car. Everyone knew him. His friend glasses. Reichsführer Heinrich Himmler. The second powerful man in the world. The portal opened. And the vice president of the house greeted the guests with Heil Hitler and raising his right arm. I welcome you on behalf of our office. Himmler just nodded shortly. I don't have much time. Don't waste it. He said. The room was dark. A projector showed a sharp image. The ventilator was ventilating. And it was smelling of hot air. A few people were smoking. Our task, Adamek explained, is on two levels. The first level is obvious. We have access to all kinds of information. And we can use that information in many ways. We can read any text anyone writes. And every email sent within the Reich. We can see all the account balances. We can see what news shows. People watch and listen to. And of course, we can read all forum discussions even on closed forums. And that helps us identify people that make comments about the Fuhrar, about the national socialism that we don't like. Himmler nodded. The problem is the sheer amount and mass of data. We can read any document, but we can't read them all. We couldn't do that even if we had a thousand fold of the employees. We have, of course, more employees wouldn't be possible because of the losses at war. So we have computers that search for suspicious terms. And we have artificial intelligence to look for relevant results. Yes, that seems to be the second level. Adamek shook his head. No, he said. That's what I'm going to talk about now. He pushed his wheelchair to get close to the protector. Everything I've talked about until now is just scratching the surface. The power of the computer to interlink data in a way that provides information. That is the second level of our work. And no one could do it like we do. And we would like to present some of that information now. Himmler leaned back and folded his hand. Hands. Sure, he said, go on. Adamek wasn't impressed by the skeptic of the Reichsführer. Being irritated wasn't his attire. Well, our churad had a very wise decision, made a very wise decision, by abolishing cash money. Effective post-July 1930. You can only pay by card or by Polk's telephone for convenience. That measure should free us from the Jewish dictation of money and the black market and violent crime and all that. Adamek nodded politely. Those were the furas' motive spot. That wasn't what motivated us. Because we don't know what everyone is doing. We know what everyone's been doing the past nine years, what they bought. Helena Bodenkramp showed a prepared table on the projector. Columns and lines containing numbers and in Reichsmark. It was fairly simple. Here we see a very basic information, all purchases I've made in the last year. It includes my personal ID number and the accounts the money went to. And they searched Columns has the article that was bought or a contract number if it was a contract payment. You can see an example of that in a second line. That is my rent. And the last line contains the quantity. Our program knitter did good work. Now we have an additional filter. That only shows the money or the... Whenever I bought food, Himmler was skeptical. How do you know? How do you know what is food? The numbers all look completely different. Yeah, you can't see that at the numbers. The numbers are just increasing. But whenever a number or an article is added, all the information is on a different table. Ms. Bodenkamp, please show the information to the first row of this table. And the new table, you could see everything. It was a Gloria potato. It's food. It's not rational. ID number 100174. Here we need a category. Food. So if we want to have further information, we have to check the table for food. The secretary typed in some commands. And another table came up. Description, potato in general. Unit 100 grams, vitamins and so on, all the information. So we can see the potatoes I bought two weeks ago. They have 700 calories per 100 grams. I bought two kilograms. Might I ask how you know that? Himmler asked, but of course I'm not buying myself. I have a young helper who does that for me. I give him a list and my money card and he does everything else. And I was not able to understand the procedure. Adamek was turning around and looked at the picture until he found his point again. As I said, I bought two kilograms of potatoes. So 1,540 calories. Those calculations we can get done by a program. So it changed upon the note. The table was shown again this time with just the information of who bought what and when and the calories. Now a new list came up with the name August Abnek where he lives and when he was born. Underneath there was a list of dates and a number of calories. So August 1942, 2,149 calories. And further dates and further numbers of calories. This is what I bought and after that, eight in the last time. The calorie number is a bad right. Now another step to make it more useful. So we are connected this table to the table of our civilian registry. So we get the number of nutrition values per household. And then we can divide that by the number of people in the household. And then we have a list of all households and how much each person household is using per month. The eyes of the rice-führer grew incredibly behind his glasses. Slowly, but they grew. He seemed to understand what this was getting to. So for me, this is staying the same because I live alone. For other people, the number will be lower. For example when there is a baby or a child who of course it's less than an adult. Or if a household, an average household is too high for a certain household, then it could be that there is more people living there than should be. For example people who are hidden from the law. Himmler had his hands folded and rubbed slowly. That sounds well, but I would like to see a demonstration. Adamic was smiling. His colleagues also were smiling. They were prepared. Nothing better than that. Just tell me a city and we will create a list of suspects.  Any city? Any city? Himmler was thinking shortly, Amsterdam. The smile disappeared immediately. Amsterdam. Is that a problem? So for increased tension, I have to take a sip.  She hadn't known any of that. She wrote the programs as instructed. Just like always. Just like always she never asked what for. The program knitters were not supposed to ask. Of course she had her thoughts. But food, calories. What should she have thought then? And it's about the food situation of the public. To find out how people, how food is distributed, where there is enough food. But this, her hands felt like lead. Her stomach was shattering. The discussion amongst the men, she wasn't following. But they're still using the coins. Yeah, well, no. Pretty much since we've been there, not anymore. She was... Suddenly listening again. Do we have all the information? Yeah. So started, started the analysis. Yeah, of course. Just like any good woman, she was following orders. And she was washing her hands, putting in the commands. And pushing the empty key. And the tables were growing on the screen. She felt like she could hear the data streaming. And all the fans turning on. As this was happening, Himmler was explaining why. Amsterdam. When our army took the Netherlands and could take a look at the data, we could tell that the city was having tables about the religion of the people already. They were doing it for Texas, but of course, it was great for us. Unlike the homeland where we had to put a lot of work into it, there we already had a list of all Jews, which made our work a lot easier, of course. Yeah. Yeah, that was a really nice piece of luck. Yeah, we started with the deportations, of course. But because we have that list, we know that we didn't get everyone. For some it was that they went into the other countries. But we know that that can't be true. So if they didn't swim across the sea, they have to be somewhere in the city. Somewhere in the city, hidden in the hope that we will go away. He was putting a fist into the air in anger. But we came to stay for a thousand years. Breathless silence was there in the face of this anger. Nobody dared to say anything. Everyone was just staring at the number on the screen that was slowly climbing to 100%. Then it disappeared, and a list came up. The first few numbers came up, and numbers and calories came up. 5,870 calories per day per person. We had one. What does that mean? These people almost buy three times the amount of that, what they can eat themselves. Ms. Bodenkram, please, the numbers from the civic tables. Helena felt like there was incredibly heavy and invisible weight on her. So heavy she could barely breathe. But her hands, those traitors, kept working, typing with commands. Incredibly fast. And the tables on the screen were filling with further information about the families. The first one was about a childless pair of... Yeah, a childless pair. Where they came from, they came from Austria, where they live, where they work. The second one was also a couple. Also with our children. Four people, four persons, who ate together about 25,000 calories. That's pretty much what ten people or more need. The two women work in the same company. What kind of company is that? Asking his assistant. Again, her fingers danced. The company was called Pektor. He is the address. He is what they work with. They work pretty much straight with these two traitors. Just in December, right after we came there, it changed the owners. That could be just a cover-up. Helena opened the entries. Is that a Dutch name? Her fingers danced over the keyboard. Frank wasn't a Dutch man, but a German Jew. Emigrated to the Netherlands in 1934. He had lived in Meravedde-Plein with his family and was last seen in 1942 in June. The record said that according to rumors, the family had fled to Switzerland or they haven't. Himmler said and worked out his phone. Get a search command to Prinzenkracht 62 and have it searched. 2, 6, 3. Note the following addresses. And he dictated the addresses of the weak couple and of the other couple. Report immediately. He took away his phone and said, now we wait. So they waited, staring into the silence, letting time pass. Adamek was chewing on his thumb. Litke was twirling his mustache. Finally, after 100 years, at least that was what it seems like to Helena, the phone rang. Himmler was listening and he said, nothing. They found nothing. Helena saw how the men were staring in disbelief. Hopefully nobody would notice how she was relieved. One moment said Adamek. He talked to the knitter. I assume we also have the building data. Of course, show me the building on the map. Sammler was looking for a cigarette. He was seeing the look in Himmler's face, called his eyes. Nothing could save her now. The land register entry was shown. Amsterdam has very narrow but very long houses for historical reasons. Please describe what you found in Prinzenkracht 263. The men described exactly what they had seen. It was exactly as on the map. Litke was sweating. We went to the first floor. On the right side, there was a door towards a storage room. At the end of the corridor, a small door towards a library. I went to the second floor, back to the small room. What do you see? Just some shelves. Not a door? No. They saw it all. Behind the room, there were supposed to be more rooms. It was working. Incredible. The tension was incredible. Sturmbandführer described exactly where the shelves are. Opposite the door. See if there's a doorknob. We already checked. It's fixed to the wall. Assume that it's a root. Try again. The SS men said, OK. They heard commands and it was silent. Only noises. The phone was picked up again. You were right. The SS men said, there's a hidden door. Very well hidden. Screams in the background. There are several persons behind the door. The SS men said, arrest them all. Him less gnawed. He could hear commands barked. Screaming women and children. The Sturmbandführer was heard again. We found eight persons, all Jewish. It's supposed to be Otto Frank, his wife, and his two children, Margot and Annie. The Van Pels family with their son Peter sent them to Auschwitz immediately. Himmler barked. Himmler interrupted the connection. That's enough. The rest well sought itself out. He paced up and down the room. Obviously still in disbelief. Nobody said a word. We're in a dangerous situation in the east. Our fate is on an edge. But the war also has an inside front. That is just as important as our tanks on the outside front. And that is about liberating the country from the Jews. He put his phone in his pocket, looked at the employees and said, I wouldn't have expected what your work was able to do. I thought you were just some small, meaningless agency. But gentlemen, you have convinced me. I see that you are fighting at a very important front that is as important as our external war towards the outside. What I saw with you today convinced me that no one will ever be safe from us nowhere. We will soon have a Reich where minorities no longer exist. Our power will be infinite. Right afterwards they brought the Reichsführer and his entourage to the cause and saw and watched the black cause go away. Right afterwards their tension flew into laughter and happiness. They were successful. The NSA would stay what it was. Also Helene was congratulated. How well she worked without any mistake. She was nodding. So like her face was producing the smile that everyone was expecting, accepted. The nice words because they were all part of it. She did it automatically because what she all she could talk about was that she just helped to hand over the man she loved more than anything in the world to certain death. And right here I am telling you thank you very much for your attention. I assume that the very happy applause and the extreme applause we will have to just imagine right now. Technology is not far enough yet. But please don't let us reach 1984 with the screens. But yeah that's a different topic now. So yeah checking the chat we see a lot of applause. Great. So you just read that spot that when I read it way back really put a stone in my stomach the most because I thought wow that's that's insane that really shows how difficult this we have nothing to hide is. Yeah it's really harmless data that's collected. Just 77 calories per 100 grams of potatoes can become dangerous. And you really prepared that quite well how all these data work together and how the combination of data can lead to a very ugly end in the scene now. Do you maybe want to explain or tell a bit about your background knowledge? Where do you have that from? Yeah so I had a deep background. I had lessons at some point. I started with Debase back then and was working and Microsoft Access and was working with databases. I was programming SQL and stuff like that. That was in the mid of the 90s. And back then I had the idea to make to take part in a course or to provide a course to the topic of data protection. So I was giving courses for databases how to join and analyze data and just the idea of making a course of giving a course and usually with database courses people are typing in data and those are usually addresses and then you get out everyone from Stuttgart and everyone called Müller and he never had a large amount of data. Usually and then I thought he should bring a big database and then give him a task to really look for specific information and you could use data like you get in a company. For example data of when people arrive or leave. Because back then that was mostly electronic already but they eat in their breaks because the companies I was working with most of that was already with electronic payment and doing that you could have checked who is always arriving at the same time and what does that probably mean? Are they maybe having an affair or are they living in the same area? And unfortunately the screen is frozen right now. So that was what I imagined doing with the focus on data protection and we were offering that but nobody cared. It never happened. But the basic ideas are now in that book so the comparison and analysis of these lists so that you can abuse data or use data for more than it was meant for. So you want to know how many calories are in potatoes or the nutritional values of your food and you want to know how well this food is for you but if you combine that with bad intentions then you can get different results. And yeah, combined with changing politics it can happen quickly as we could sadly see in different places of the world.  Well, Snowden was the trigger point for that actually because when he came out to make his revelations then I met people who I knew or people I was chatting with and they said, yeah well, I also thought you go to some page and check hiking boots and the next time I visit Amazon they offer to bring hiking boots so they know what I'm doing which they probably do. Yeah, that's possible. But those are not bad intentions yet. So Amazon just wants to optimize the advertisement which might be a little bit of purpose. So they try to give you advertisements that are interesting for you. So they are not trying to give, also print it out to people who have no use for that. And also when I was working in the companies it started that Germany was classified it was classified by income. So there are rather richer people and there are the poor people you don't have to have ads there and that's probably still the same. I mean we have data protection but that's only by the state. Companies can still pretty much do what they want and such things and these maps are still available. And I was saying that's not the worst that can happen. Just imagine the Nazis would have had might have had our computers from today. And then I was stopping myself and thought yeah, that might be a good book and then I thought some more. And yeah, I kept thinking that how long did you take planning this book? That was rather quick for my speed because usually such an idea is 6 years old or older than that was rather 3 years. So yeah, it was rather quick. I already had a lot of material of course because by Nazis you usually have some books in your bookshelf and I got some more. But it shouldn't really be a book about Nazis. There are others and better books about that but it's a book about our times. It made a bit more dystopic. You know the computers are the focus point and what you can do with them. So yeah, it was surprisingly fast. Once it was clear what the plan was the characters were also quite nice to write because sometimes when you're writing a character that is creating itself basically and the two main characters, Litke and Helene they were basically creating themselves. They are plastic, they have their own wants and goals and problems. They are creating the book as well. They take over the show. So you just have to think what are their problems and just follow them and everything is happening quickly. Okay, I'm very curious how you develop big characters I have an interesting question from the chat maybe to that topic. Would it be okay to have the official part of this reading in computer science course? It would fit rather well. Yeah, of course. I show the book as well. So it can serve as an advertisement and yeah, that works for me. Yeah, definitely. You should read it. It's at the same time quite subtle and quite obvious. So you combine that, well, yeah. I did want to make it obvious. So it's not a bad word in my context because the topic is one where you can get out the big camera and you shouldn't be too subtle. Yeah, sometimes you really wish for the big camera. One question was what would that look like today because now we have mobility data, media data, contact data. Do you have an idea? How would you do that today? In a context that's not in 1942 but today. I haven't really thought about that. How to do that today because the political situation is important about that because right now we are in a democracy. We are allowed to do pretty much what we want and think what we want. But that can change. It could become extreme left. It could become extreme right. Our extremely religious government. And the problem is that that works backwards because all the data is still available. So if the right-wing people get power, they can check Twitter. Who set anything against us in the past? And the left and the religious people of course are the same.  And that's a problem with data. So I'm happy about all websites that disappear again but the big data blocks there are numbers about all the data and average American producers per day and that's crazy. It's an insane amount. And Google and Facebook they are collecting all of that and the NSA also for sure. And then the data is just there and is waiting to be abused just like religious people might check the church taxes from Amsterdam. And yeah, that was a simple list back then. Yeah, another thing. Put it in and get extra. Yeah, the program knitters, some people like that term. So as an extra topic you had certain role models in that book that women wear the mechanics and the engineers and men are the users and those who draw the conclusions that provide the direction and all that. Yeah, that has two backgrounds. One is well thematically cost to make it more plausible because I want to have it realistic. So yeah, it's a mechanical engineered computer using punch cards, steam operators and all that. Well, the inventor of that constructed that machine had a friend at a Lovelace who wrote the programs and she thought even further than the inventor because she was already thinking tables and geographical data and insurance and all that. So she already knew that what she can do with the numbers. So she already predicted digitalization. So with that labor division men do the hardware and women do the software and the combination with Ada Lovelace that was my inspiration. But also during my studies at the Fraunhofer Institute where I worked as a research assistant we had women who programmed and that was something remarkable back then. Yeah, that was working against the stereotypes. I thought what they were doing was pretty neat. One of them built some sea routines that I even copied. I used them for a long time and what was special about that when men program they always want to show off and show how special they are. And women are way better at programming without the added ego or at least that's my opinion and I would have loved to hire women for my enterprise if I had had the possibility but that wasn't possible. There weren't any candidates. Yeah, they just didn't find computers fascinating enough I guess. Yeah, that is also kind of an homage to those women who... Yeah, that sounds great. Yeah, in this dictionary code it's poetry. I personally landed in Bogona but it's more than a work of art. Yeah, I was thinking in Bogona but many people can't estimate that. Well, we have an interesting question coming in. How do you do your research, especially about the future other than what you know from your studies? Do you ask people who know about the subject and how do you make the story plausible? Yeah, the research... It's kind of like... Yeah, it's like the work you have to do. You list the questions, list the topics that you don't know about and then you try to fill in the gaps. If you don't have books on it, which I often have because, yeah, I write about topics that I like anyway so I have my literature about that. But if I don't, I do my research on books, maybe I buy one or two books or I borrow them. When I didn't have that much money I always borrowed my books now, I'm able to buy them. Also the library is far away. And I don't want to rely on Mr. Bezos. The audio is very bad, sorry. I don't have to know what the weather it was like in 1973 in New York. You won't find that information in a book, but on the internet maybe. Also conspiracy theories, that the internet is the place for that. But, well, the quality of conspiracy theories is declining by the day. So, first I do my homework and then if I still have questions, I look for experts, which I often postpone because, well, I'm not the most social type. And B, I'm convinced that you need to do your homework before you pester experts and highly-doted scientists. So, I don't want to be calling, I don't know, a Nobel Prize laureate and have no idea what I'm even talking about. So, I really take my research seriously. Because, yeah, you just have to. It's the same with travelling. Google Street View is a deal for writers because you can get an impression of places, what it looks like, and then you can connect that to your own impressions from your own travels. Yeah, booking a trip to Australia and then finding out, well, the scenery isn't that good. I won't use that. We don't want to have that. Because sometimes describing the scenery is completely useless for the plot. So, yeah, you need to be economic even in research. Yeah, but that is true. The ratio between planning research... Where are you positioned at? Yeah, I tend to do less research than I should and just write. Because I'm always counting on my inspiration and my muses to give me the right input. Yeah, but that also leads to mistakes. So, for example, when I used the wrong part of a motor to the wrong kind of fuel, people are really against that. And yeah, like this person, this other author was having a coffee mobile with diesel, so this author had no idea either. So, your style, are you changing... Are you inventing yourself a new? Or why is your style changing? So, do you want to answer directly or the implied questions? I just saw it at the edge of my mind. So, reinventing yourself. That sounds great if you hear that about someone. Bob Dylan and reinventing themselves. I mean, he is basically a colleague of mine. If you can get a literature Nobel Prize, then you are a colleague, right? But it's nothing he can learn. He doesn't sit down and say, I have to reinvent myself. It's just that I always try to do the story justice. That means I have very different ideas and I invent quite different stories because I just can't bring myself to write the same story several times because that would get boring. And they just are different. That's just in my DNA. If one book says A, the other has to say B. So, I always find a new direction that's diametral to the previous one. And the next one will... Yeah, I have a 20-dimensional storytelling space. But it doesn't really feel like I'm trying to do something different. I just have ideas and I try to do them justice. Because the storytelling is important as well. Sometimes it's someone who says I and thinks a lot. Sometimes the character is a bit more formal. Sometimes the character is wild. So, there is the story from the perspective of a 3,000-year-old Englishman. Yeah. So, he is referencing Harry Roden now. This is a very long-running German science fiction story that happens in small monthly episodes. And of course, that is a very different kind of story if you have a 3,000-year-old Englishman or if you have a modern-day German. And yeah, there was also the other story about humans who have wings and live in giant trees. And that's basically the opposite of technology. And you have to tell that story differently. Right. Do you want to spoil that story a little for us? Much... Well, my editor is saying whenever he gets a new... Well, that's something completely different now. So, the wings of a person plays in a future far away, in a galaxy far away on a forgotten planet.  You don't know why the ancestors also couldn't figure out why. But at some point they said, well, let's just give our children wings. And from that point on they have wings and were living in the skies and said we don't care about the ground anymore. But not only the ground is inaccessible, but also the sky. The sky is the closest cloud cover. They don't have a word for the sun. It's the big skylight. And the moon is the big light of the night. So there's the light of the day and the light of the night. But then someone wants to know what the stars look like. And you know the ancestors came from the stars and there must be lights up there. And he wants to see that with his own eyes. And the book of the story then follows that and it has dramatic thousands of scripted pages. Yeah, implications. Yeah, it's many thousand pages. And well, it feels like many thousand pages, but I always get the reaction. Yeah, it's way too short. So apparently it reads quite quickly. So we have a lot more questions. Yeah, good. I've been an opener. Perfect. How do you handle writing your books? Are you first creating ideas? Are you first creating the characters? Are you writing a short version? Or are you just going into it? No, I'm not jumping into it. I don't know who does that. I'm first collecting ideas. Usually it takes quite a long time. And then I remember there was this one. I thought something about that. This idea just had to fit quite well. I find those ideas. I write them together. And then that starts to collect more. And then at some point there are so many ideas in one spot that I have no choice but to make a book out of it. And then it's a backup form. I think about what could happen and then what character would belong there or the other around. I start with the characters and then, yeah, what's happening at the beginning, what's happening in the end. What are the twists that have to happen? So I have a scheme or a landscape in my head how the story should happen. Should, I have to say. Because it almost never works the way you imagine it. But I still need a plan. And yeah. I have a feeling how it should be. And it works differently, but it's still okay. Sometimes you have to stop and plan things anew because it doesn't work the way you wanted to. And it couldn't work. And you always have to reconsider. Did I maybe take a wrong turn somewhere? Am I in a dead end? And then you have to change something and go back. Maybe throw something away. But yeah, basically it works. So I can follow these ideas. It's not painting by numbers. That wouldn't be fun. And this book you have, is that one where you just collect stories for all the books? Or is it one little notebook for each? So is it something you always have with you when you're on the road? No, I always have something to write with me. There is an official notebook for ideas. And there are more ideas than I have years to live left. If there was a natural law that an author could only die if they had run out of ideas, I would have got to 300. That's something, yeah, maybe then the Greek thinkers would be still alive. Maybe. Or the French ones or the old Germans. I just had to check when the book with the humans with the wings came out. That was October, right? Yes. Do you want to tell us what you are working on right now? A young adult book that comes out soon? Next year, I think? But I don't have to say anything about it because I don't really like that. First, you should read what's available and everything else can come later. So if someone comes here without knowing your works, they are busy for a while. Yep, that's how it should be. So I have to check again. Right. So the question I forgot was repeated. Sorry. Hello, Andreas. Some of your books do not end well for the protagonists. How do you feel about that? The one or the other ending was having me quite excited. Well, not excited. Disturbed? Well, that doesn't have to be a negative thing. It depends on the story. I've got to say, we need to also dice in book four. Can I say that now? That's a spoiler. In the moment when you read it, you are shocked. Of course. But some decades later, you say, well, that's just how it is. That's the logic of the story. And what you can critique is in the billion dollar, where the hero also suffers in the end, but that's a symbol that they inherit one billion dollar, which back then was actually in the 11th of September 2001. Back then it was a lot of money. And he's inheriting not only the money, but also the prophecy that he will save humanity's fate with that money. And he's breaking down during the book. And that's a symbol for... Well, it's not only nice if you inherit a billion. Yeah, it can become difficult. A Perry Roden fan is asking, when is a guest book coming? Because Perry Roden is always written by different authors as well. Yeah, those Perry Roden fans, they are not happy. I just brought out a thousand page book. That is ten little ones. And I promise that I will write the last one, the last book of the next cycle. That is book one thousand something. I didn't get the number, sorry. Yeah, we'll just leave it at that. Yeah, I'm also curious what... I talk myself into that. Yeah, I'm just scrolling up the middle if I missed something else. And indeed there is something. They are asking... If you read The Three Sons from Ryu, and did you like it? No, I have not read it. The English title is The Three Body Problem. It is a rather big book. And I read a lot of books that you should have read, not yet. And I'm someone who is often a few years behind in reading something that other people forgot by then. So I'm not reading current titles, usually. Sometimes there is something new that I really have to read, but that's an exception. Oh, that's nice to hear, because my to read list is growing and growing. Do you have maybe questions for the listeners or watchers? I'm in the answer mode. I don't have questions. There's a comment from the translator. I also have an ever-growing to read book. So another thing. Great. Thank you. My kids also love your books and are always asking for a new one. I really like it when kids are reading. And I like it when men are reading as well. Because that is a truism that 80% of books are read by women. A study said for me it's 50%, so 50% men. I like that. That's balanced. And I think that's great. Not just for me, but also for the men. Men are not reading enough, especially not enough novels. Whenever someone says, I'm not reading anything that's thought up, or that's just wasting time, I'm shattering and that's just not true. Because these novels, they are not just thought up. Of course some are, but the good ones. The good ones, they can tell you things that non-fiction books cannot tell you. You only live in half if you're not reading. That's a nice way of putting it. I have one question I really, really, really need to ask. I'm not just a listener and sometimes buyer, but also the books, especially NSA. There is a message, right? With these fictitious stories with so much in there, you can give that to people to also provide a topic to them. Because if you are just on the factual layer, it doesn't work. But the gift-giving of books and also maybe not the copyright working. It's not the copyright proper way of gifting books. Isn't that also nice for you as an author if I give away books to someone? When I think you need this book, I give it to you. What do you think? Is it more important to gain a new reader or to keep the copyright? Well, I'm a bit split about that. Because on the one hand, I'm living. That's my livelihood as an author. You gain your income by the money that people pay. He calls it the purse or money purse price. And that's more important than any other price. And that's the price that you win or the award that you win by your readers. By every single one who is getting the book. And whenever you get a book in your hands and you pick up a book and you say, ah, I know that author, I'll buy that. That's the money purse price or award. And that's paying for the bookshops and the publishers. And of course the author as well. So if you don't get that. So even if they read a book of mine and they don't recognize me, that's bad for me. So that's that aspect. The author has to live from something and he lives by having fans who are waiting for the next book and are collecting money for him to be able to write the book. And of course, yeah, there were libraries since forever basically. And everyone who is an author used the libraries in his youth. And I was reading everything I could get my hands on. And I could not have paid for all that. And my parents also didn't really buy books. That was not a thing. A few were there that came from somewhere. But buying a book, that was something I invented. That entering a bookstore. Back then when you could get a small book for two Mark 80, a paperback book. That would be around two Euro maybe? A 150? Yeah, what many people don't know that an author also gets money if a book gets checked out in a library. So if the library card is cheap, that's also something you can also support your favorite authors. And yeah, of course, I'm not against libraries. The Darknet is not paying me anything for downloads. Whatever they are getting, they keep. But libraries. And also books for blind people. I'm not getting anything, but that's a different story. So fair use rules are a different story. That's maybe also not an important topic anymore now that audiobooks are a thing. But I remember books for blind people. It's very thick, right? Another fascinating question. Were you always close to CCC because of your computer science background? Or was that a new thing because of research? I don't really know when I first heard of CCC, but it's been a long time. It was something where you already were interested in computers. And back then you had to know that the CCC existed, which is also due to the cleverly chosen name. I mean, KS Computer Club, everyone can imagine something. Everyone who is into computer science. Every now and then I was checking the website, but I wasn't too connected. And I was checking it out in research when it was about voting machines. And why you shouldn't use them. I mean, Americans are seeing right now why you shouldn't, but they don't get it. And the KS Computer Club provides a lot of material for that. And all the demonstrations how to convert a voting machine into a chess computer in 60 seconds, stuff like that. I learned a lot from that. Yeah, that's nice to hear. I also, well, I have to think, but I think there's some Datenschleuder Archive. Datenschleuder is our CCC magazine. This is some very good reading material for rainy days. Yeah. An NSA reference. So the spirit is out of the bottle. The genie is out of the bottle with raster persecution. Do you think the effects could have been stopped in your story? Yeah, I didn't think about that. I mean, writing the stories because it would have had to be established first. I think dictatorships as after they've been established successfully, they can only be taken down from the inside. Hitler would have died and maybe his follower wouldn't have been that good. You can see that in other right-wing parties. Those aren't the chess tools in the shed and difficult to keep in line. So yeah, because of corruption, power corrupts, it's always been like that. And then maybe 50 years later, a situation with a reason where the team spirit would have been down. And yeah, because dictatorship also isn't the very best form of government. Yeah, and then the situation would have a reason where... Well, that would be another novel. How the dictatorship would have collapsed, the computer dictatorship and how it could have been stopped. And of course, insiders would have had a key role that used the power against the leaders of the party. Yeah, that would be a whole other novel, but I don't think that I'm going to write that. This would take us back to the Snowden reference, right? Yeah. Well, my novel doesn't provide an alternative universe. There are novels that do, but mine isn't one of them. This isn't a parallel universe, but it's just a call for attention, a call for awareness. So it isn't a parallel universe I would be interested in following up with. It's writing about the Nazi era. That's just not my thing, all of the details. The research, all the details about how they treat a people, that is... That's not something I would be very pleased to go into. Maybe someone could steal the idea, I don't know. All right. Just a follow-up question. What do you think of the future of data protection? Will citizens become more and more transparent? And what is your position? Well, transparent citizens, yeah, I do believe that this is the case. Because apparently, which is collecting and collecting data and not finding anything. I think quite the contrary. That we're getting a generation that is growing, that feels protected by being watched. Because they know that if I lose my phone, I'd be lost. And no one will look after me. So that is the mindset that is being created by those technologies. So I think that we'll go in that direction. And for myself, I protect myself best as I can. People who only send encrypted emails are becoming suspicious on their own. That creates an interest. Why would they do that? Let's look into that, thinking from the state side. Talking corporations, it also has the aspect that we don't know what percentage is company and what percentage goes to other agencies like our famous NSA. And I think you can safely assume that the data goes to the NSA. So how can you protect yourself? Sorry, bad audio. Well, I don't have Facebook. People tell me download the app. And I say I don't have such a thing. If I go out, I'm offline. If I go to the city, no one knows where I am. I'm still alive. What do you need it? You need to register. If you need to register, I don't use it. You can only register for some doctors with an app. Otherwise you don't get an appointment. That would be my personal nightmare. I used to have a cell phone way back when that was like in the 90s when there was still a brick. I think it was a Sony Ericsson, only 200 gram. The children were looking at you funny when you used it on the tram. But I gave it away in 96 and I was glad to do so. I was glad to be rid of it.  I hate being on the phone. So why should I have a phone on my personal all the time? That's great. And I completely understand you. I so get you. So a lot of info about the data slider has appeared. So you can download them and look at them. And also you have that in the Swabian embassies library in Stuttgart. Interesting. And they're also working on an archive. So do you watch TV? Any shows? No, I don't have a TV. I do watch some shows on DVD like Game of Thrones, Breaking Bad. Well, I do follow it with an interest like reports about TV shows. Because they finally are achieving somewhat like making a movie out of a novel. You can't really make a movie out of a novel for dramaturgic reasons. Because of all the complex plot strings in a novel. That's how to put in a movie. And TV shows can follow along with that. While movies based on books are basically short stories. But I haven't had a TV in like almost 30 years. Well, yeah, you have a good reason for that. Yeah, I can live with that. In such a TV show, if there's something in the room, I can read it. But actually, when I'm at hotel rooms, I do watch some TV. Because my arm almost automatically reaches for the remote. Talking about TV shows, you do have a lot of time to build your characters. And that also makes them so fascinating. It's also a super-gradious format. Okay, I think we'll call it quits. Yeah, just one question I'm seeing right now. What am I more afraid of? Companies or the state surveillance? Of course, the state surveillance. Amazon, Google. They won't send me someone who will kick in my door early in the morning and drag me into a car. And I've never heard of it again. But states, countries, they do that all the time, every night, all over the world. People just disappear and never reappear. So states are the real criminals. The worst criminals, they've killed more than 2 million people in the 20th century alone, put them in gulags and concentration camps. So, sometimes they're tamer, sometimes they're incompetent, but there's always the potential to think a very dangerous part of that is when state actors buy shares of companies to use them for their own purposes. Because we've seen that in recent times. Yeah, nothing can protect you from that. Sorry, bad audio. Because you used to say, well, the governor doesn't understand the internet or he doesn't know how to use the media, but you can't counter that. It's hard to know what's going on. What book of yours would be the best suited for a TV show? So I now have to pay close attention to what I'm saying, but some of them would be suited. Would you have one of your books made into a movie? Yeah, I'm thinking of it all the time, but nothing ever comes of it. I'm not against it, but with the coronavirus it's not getting any easier. They're all hanging in the cells and waiting for better weather. Yeah, let's wait for better weather. Okay, for now the federal system is helping. Yeah, it can have advantages. So further hints to the three-body problem. Yes, yes, I'm reading them. Also read the free excerpt. It's a nice thing. I have to read it, but it takes time. Yeah, well, it's still on my to read tower as well. Yeah, not yet. It's just in my shopping cart at Amazon. Well, at least. So any more questions? People are typing. And yeah, let me say a big, big, big thank you again for the reading of this very difficult scene. This very troubling scene. And this very well illustrating scene that illustrates well what the problem is. Why are you buying books? France and German books is difficult. Yeah, France and books in general. They are terribly expensive here as well. We can't imagine in Germany how expensive books can be. Yeah, I am ordering at Mr. Bezos. All the way around, it's also difficult. Buy French books in Germany. That's awesome. With Amazon accounts. Yeah, the packets with the smile. There are advantages and disadvantages you have to say. And as an author, to avoid Amazon, it's basically... it's difficult to impossible because it is a huge market as well. Yeah, honestly. What would we do if Mr. Bezos would say, tomorrow, yeah, let's close down the shop. Yeah, but actually also now with the beginning of corona, starting 2020, that's more bookshops. They could also get things done. They were starting and maybe it would also help us as well to get things going. So there is still hope. So there's a lot of things in chat. Oh, somebody promises the money purse award. Thanks. Yeah, for me. Still a big thank you. Thank you for taking the time for all the questions as well. Thank you for the questions, everyone in the room. Enjoy the Congress. You sent me access. I just don't know. Between the years, it's difficult to find time. Yeah, it's all okay. Well, hopefully soon in a physical Congress, whenever it's possible again, we meet in person. Yeah, though Christmas is... the holidays are not the perfect timing for me. Because right before New Year's, right before the end, I'm usually right at the end of writing a book that I have to hand in in January. And I'm always late, of course. But your editor is waiting for it and in the end it's too short again, right? Yeah, probably. Yeah, probably. Great. So thank you very, very much. The other angels or heralds, they want to say something as well. No one wants. All this internet is junky. The world net. Winking. No, winking is different. Waving. Thank you for the talk. It was about half an hour longer now. And they were given permission for an hour longer. So there's always space in the internet. Yeah, thank you again. And enjoy your evening. See you soon. So.