The Ministry of Agriculture continues to explore various avenues in developing the local coconut industry. Minister Hon. Ezekiel Joseph recently participated in a regional forum that discussed the results of a survey on the industry commissioned for a Caribbean project designed to help the development of the coconut industry. Phase 1 of the project, which spanned 2015-2018, saw approximately 5,000 farmers sourcing planting materials from more than 20 seedling nurseries established and or refurbished across the Caribbean. More than 2,000 farmers and 474 extension officers were trade industry management, pest management, crop production, processing, trade finance and group dynamics. Additionally, 11 private public platforms were established and a new Caribbean-wide standard for packaged coconut water developed. Noting the challenges faced by coconut water vendors, Chairman of the National Stakeholders Platform, Kenny Danielle, said the thrust is now to create a coconut vendors cooperative. They're not an organization that takes care of them. So they can be pushed and today they push on direction and then next time they push it away. A marketing body is supposed to be demolished by Amsterdam. So that's one of the things I was looking at and then because of that I said, we need to form an association or a cooperative that can address your needs. And so far we are doing good as far as the cooperative is concerned. We have the bylaws, we have the registrar and his team on board and I must say that I was very surprised and you know when I saw the amount of efforts that they put in this whole cooperative development for the coconut vendors and stakeholders. The European Union and Cary Forum funded project received a further investment of 6 million euros to develop the region's coconut industry in phase two. Having commenced in 2019 phase two of the project focuses on improving the competitiveness of farmers and strengthening the coconut value chain. Climate change, health and nutrition, increasing investment and value added product development will be emphasized. Daniel explained that St. Lucia too will be intensifying efforts to boost the coconut industry from the raw products to agro processing and export. The platform will also be working with outside entities where possible in that vein. Some ventures include establishing MOUs with land owners to grow coconut trees outside of St. Lucia as well as the establishment of a venue dubbed Toot Bagai Coco. Recently, somebody said to me, Kenny, you don't know there's this food court in Rosili, obviously Bangkok, St. Lucia. I said, no, well, I don't really go travel up to the north because there's traffic jam and all these kinds of things, I sit down. And when I went I was surprised. I said, okay, let me see what we can do. So I went to the grocery council and spoke to the mayor and he was very accommodated. And then he says, hey, this is an excellent idea. And just like Peterson Francis and Cassie, he said to me, you're solving all our problems because you're bringing them together. And then once you bring them together, then we don't have the problem of roadside vending again. We still have people who want traditional coconut water. They want to seed. But eventually they'll understand that, hey, this is done on the sanitary conditions. So for example, if we get some space in Odza, you can deliver a thousand coconuts. We'll schedule everything. You deliver a thousand coconuts a day. Somebody has delivered a thousand tomorrow. And we go around working with the coconuts and doing what we have to do, you know. So eventually, you know, sell maybe a thousand coconuts every day. So you get to buy cocoa, get a gash, to buy everything. The project which will run until 2023 will be implemented by the International Trade Center in partnership with the Caribbean Agricultural Research and Development Institute, CARDI and other regional and national partners. The project also aims to enable the participating Caribbean states to capitalize on rapidly growing global demands for coconuts. The global trade in coconut water alone is projected to grow by more than 25% in the next five years.


Now, let's talk about GitLab. GitLab is a stock that was coming off good earnings from yesterday, so it made a big pop in the after hours. Let me ask us here, folks, really quickly. When a stock breaks above resistance and it runs off of it, resistance should initially look to become what? Okay, support, support. So if that's the case, then might I ask, where could we find potential support on this trade? There's past resistance on this trade. So I guess the best way for me to answer this in full, I can peel this back right now. Now is the time I can peel this back. This is my chart that I've been trading off of today.  I have a bunch of different lines. They have different meanings to them. I have a couple purple here, one on the bottom, one on the top. Those are historical levels taken from the daily chart. I have green lines here. Let me ask us, folks, on time and sales, what do we nickname green as? What do we nickname green as, at first, on time and sales, buying? So let's actually draw back to book map here on the GitLab. I'll tell you where I ended up taking the calls. It was for June 9th, but I ended up taking a higher, it was out of the money at the time because you're going to get a cheaper premium, but let me, I need to go back back one second, one second. So one thing I actually first is when you're looking at icebergs, at least you could see, there's about 7,000 shares on the bid at 44. There's about 10,000 shares on the bid. What price is that? Hmm, 42.43? 42.43 is that? That's kind of a funky price. For a more expensive stock that pops, you're typically focused on the whole numbers, right, like 44. Even 43 you could be. There's nothing there though. That's all right. Well, this is pretty interesting because this is not as normal, quote unquote, of a price. There's a little guy here at 42, but there's 10,000 shares on the bid exactly at 42.40. Okay. So it's at 42.42 that price. Let me write that down. Now that's an iceberg order from this morning, right? So that was a level. I'll show you that on my chart, but where do we have potential resistance here? Where do we see a potential breakout otherwise? Well, we have 42. It broke above and we have a lot of volume filled from the CVP column there. We have a lot of buying at 42. We have some buying at 43, right? That's where we see at least more buying than selling off of 43 here. It broke above it, re-broke it, and then resistance did become support in the after hours in Iran. But otherwise, you have buying at 43 and you have buying at 42. Okay. So actually, how about this? I have all my lines on my other screen here, so I'm just going to delete all this crap and we're actually going to just focus on those lines in particular. So we have one at 42, we have one at 43, and we have one at 42.42, all right? Now, they all have different meanings or at least the one at 42.42 has separate meaning because that's an iceberg level from pre-market this morning. There was a limit buy order out there at 42.42, and then we had some big buying prices from after hours yesterday at $43 and at $42. So consider this to be a web of support. When the market's going to open up here, if we're looking for a pullback on this trade, then hey, we'll wait, we'll be patient, we'll wait to see this drop off. But at least all three of those lines should act as a web, as a net of support. So it's not to say I'm banking on 43 being the low point. I'm not banking on 42.42 to be the low point. The lower, or I'm sorry, within the net, perhaps the lower within the net you get, the more probable it is it will bounce over time. But heck, there's still a chance where it could bounce from 42 or it breaks under and then back over from 42 and it goes from there. It's simply to say, since I have a bunch of lines here and it looks pretty strong as a potential support, I'll use all of them as a potential support, kind of have it fall within this web of support by the time the market opens up. So at first it pulled back and then it pushed. I said on audio, I said, I think it's going to break lower, I have a feeling it's going to break lower here. I didn't take it here at the time. I was expecting this to drop off a little bit closer towards 42 and 42, 45 at the time, 42.42. So ultimately there was a couple of entries I took on this trade and I'll tell you the premiums I ended up getting in from. So it was the first one right off of 10 o'clock, is this the right one I have here? I'm on my laptop right now and I have my options chain in front of me but then I have to transfer it to a chart. So I ended up doing 45 calls on GitLab just because it's going to be a lower premium. Just it's out the money, yes, but I'm not trying to like hold on like exactly to 45 or I'm just trying to day trade it. Of course, I hope it goes to 45 and much higher, which it did and thankfully we're still in on part of the position ultimately. But you know, I ended up jumping in at the time, the entry, the spot price was 42.45 roughly and then the time was right prior to 10 o'clock at like 9.58. So I ended up getting filled, it was right off of like 89 cents and 90 cents right there at first. Well the thing with options is that it's a lot more leveraged. So given the move that you see where the stack went from 42.42 up to like 43.50 and changed, made a dollar move up, well the premium that I was in from at least spiked up as high as a dollar 25. So I really could have gotten out at the time at $1.25 in from 90 cents. I ended up getting stopped out, breakeven on that trade as it pulled back. I don't want to catch a fallen knife or rather hang on to a trade as it continues to drop. So I ended up getting out completely breakeven or I probably took a loss on that just given the in and out. But otherwise I ended up jumping back in, I got in at the exact same call price off of 90 cents and that was about it, like 10.15 or 10.13 in the morning. Right once it rebroke above the blue right here, I jumped back in. So it's easy to say but when a stock breaks through a big level, what are we getting shortly after? A big move. So before trader stock started I ended up taking half my position out, it was just at like 45.42 at the time or so or 45.40 at the time. I ended up getting out as right off of like 183 or 182 as far as the call price. So hey, yeah, you could definitely make some big money trading options but you need to learn how to follow the stock first. I would not have been interested in GitLab at all if I wasn't trading the call but otherwise it's a matter of where to get in from and mechanically how to take the trade.  I'm a Cyber Group member today. 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Hello everybody, E here. Welcome back to another Stephen King book review. You guys like the new shelves? I hope so. I think I already introduced them, but if not, you can get an introduction to them at some point. Anyways, so today we are talking about the second novella in Stephen King's new, I'm still reading it, so it's in the house, Stephen King's new novella collection, If It Bleeds. We are talking about the second story life of Chuck. There's quite a few people who enjoyed this book that we're talking about how makes them want to go read the stand. If you hear people, if you want my opinion on the matter, if you hear people talking about this, I disagree. I don't think it fits in with the stand as much as I think it fits in with, and we're going to talk about this in Thursday Theorist. I think it ties more into the Langoliers. That might be a might be a spoiler for the Theorist video, but oh well, that's what we're going to do. The story is told in reverse order. The novella is, it starts in act three, goes to act two, and ends on act one. I thought that was a very cool way of doing the end to the beginning type of storyline, and I really like Chuck.  In my opinion, it does. In fact, I don't really see the purpose of the American cover. I would have gone with something more striking from, let's say, if it bleeds, or maybe even something from the first one, Mr. Harrigan's phone. I don't know why they picked this cover. I don't know. The UK cover is definitely not what I'm going to be collecting, but I do find it funny that this is the story that they chose to use for the UK cover. One more thing, and I hate talking about this book.  Elevation. The feeling and the emotional payoff that maybe we were expecting or that we wanted to see, or the people, those of us that disliked Elevation so much. It is currently my worst Stephen King book.  I never want to read it again. Will I? Maybe. I don't know. But everything I feel that he was attempting to do in Elevation. If you take away the LGBTQ subplot or the theme there, I think you get the emotional payoff here in life of Chuck, and I really wish that this story had been available on its own instead of Elevation. I wish Elevation would have just went into a trunk. Maybe we would have got it after he had passed away or whatever, or we just could have been happy and never knew it existed. But Life of Chuck is a fantastic, fantastic story about the connections that we make and how we interact with people. And it's full of a lot of heart and love and passion, and it is this storyteller working on all cylinders. It is a terrific piece of writing, if nothing else. And like I said, I don't agree that you should pre-gain with the stand or read the stand next. I think you're going to be disappointed. Another thing that he kind of gets on the head is the whole, the virus stuff that's going on now and how things are shutting down. This book is very prescient. I hope that's the right word. I'm a writer. This book, it doesn't predict, but it goes down the way it's going down. So things were to escalate and things were to get worse. Then this, I feel, would be even better a breakdown of society and the things that we use for convenience. I think that this book stands stronger than maybe even the stand. I know those are bold terms, but with the stand you didn't really get as much of the world shutting down as we got of the rebuilding, the actual virus at the get-go, and then it's kind of glossed over because I don't think King knew. He didn't have the resources at hand to work that hard in the area of shutting everything down, whereas nowadays it's as easy as a Google search. So I love this one. I'm going to go ahead and tell you right now. This is my favorite novella collection since different seasons. It's an amazing collection. I am done with it, so the reviews will hopefully come pretty rapid fire after this, but I do hope that people read this story and they don't go in expecting the stand. I hope they go in looking for a good story well told by a fantastic, storyteller, a man who I would call our greatest living storyteller. So have you read, rewind this, have you read Life of Chuck? If you have, please don't post spoilers. I do have a question for you. Other than did you like it? Did you not like it? Do you want me to do a separated Thursday theorist for this book, or do you want me to put them all together? Also for a spoiler video, do you want me to put them all together, or do you want them spaced out like I'm having to do? You're going to have to wait as long, either way, because it takes as long to upload one long video as it does several small ones. So let me know down there in the doobly-doo. Please, if you didn't like this novella, let me know why you didn't like it. If you disliked, let me know why you didn't like it so we can have a conversation down there in the doobly-doo. But until next time, I have been E, you have been U, this has been another book review. I'll talk to you guys later. Bye-bye!


What it is YouTube is y'all boy I don't remember bruh it be like this a lot. I'm gonna need y'all to help me out Okay, help me out for the one time. What was that? Oh, thank you Daddy y'all already read what we got but first they hold up no I got y'all I got y'all look I remember this time right So last time yeah, I told y'all want anything from the grocery store I actually went to the grocery store and I'll say so somebody I've got one type of chips I said but y'all see y'all want is the chip. I got you some chips You know, I'm gonna take that handle that handle that you know, I'm saying you welcome and then I also got somebody Honey, but so I got you here you go See look y'all said I wouldn't remember but I think I actually don't be so y'all be thinking I don't actually go to the grocery store. I did I do be going to the grocery store, but I don't know what What else would I be doing? Bitch today we gonna be out a little airplane, you know, I'm saying we gonna be using come-and-go buy juice for You know, I'm saying before we start make sure y'all like comment and subscribe But I look at the comments here and there, but I really be active on Instagram and I'll take talk to But Straight into the video, you know I'm saying All right, so I think I'm thinking we gonna text Micaela cuz you know she's I know I Micaela got that fatty, you know what I'm saying, and you can never have too much of that fatty You feel what I say you do So the song the way the song starts I could just text it She was like why doesn't he text him like the one a.m. He must be going through it So we don't we don't start off like that. You know what I'm saying.  I don't see them do that white girls do that to white guys So let me know if y'all had ever had a girlfriend or if you had talked to a girl Have they called you a little boy or anything with boy have let me know. Let me know the kind of look Yeah, I don't know what she on we're gonna speak on center.  Oh, ain't that nice? I am something. What am I?  Yeah, cuz autocorrect.  That's definitely how autocorrect works Yeah, that's that's definitely how autocorrect works, right? Of course, of course, right, right?  Do you pray before you eat?  Yeah, yeah, I don't understand. I'm a busy. I'm basically be eating, bro I'm thinking God that he made you part of the plan me.  You might be right though. I don't but like you can't tell me I don't like and now that they about this lyric actually do hit pretty hard too.   I'll just use it in lyrics, bro I'll take it wait which one like is she taking cuz I said offer you my love and offer you medicine So she taking the love or the medicine your love. Okay, we see good as long as she did she ain't taking the medicine She ain't taking the drugs. Yeah, I shouldn't be taking the drugs either. I'm watching y'all talk about this all the time All right, we don't let this nearly now. Tell me ain't nobody better than me I think that there's better than me. Hope you see the better in me always in the better in me. I don't want nobody else Dog I Fucks with ice ice bruh.  You know, I was saying she's too tough I don't want to ruin this one. This type of love don't always come in though You keep talking about that you love me, but you haven't asked me out yet. First of all You're getting kind of out of hand. You need to learn your boundaries, but you learn your boundaries You know I'm saying there's a line. There's a thin line. You turn across it. Don't cross it.   But we try to shake it up, but you can't really shake it up It's just weird to me. That's all. We don't say another thing anyway We take drugs then you hold me close then I tell you how I don't do drugs. You see what even she don't do drugs. I hope y'all not out here doing drugs All right, we're drug unless it's like prescription. Yeah, but it happened to be I am being safe. You know this Yeah, I didn't I'm y'all need to let you know I'll give you I got bro. I literally got like I need to finish these links. I finish these look bro Why does it always come down to this bro? I don't want to click on the I was gonna Stopping myself from clicking on the picture cuz then I'm gonna have to edit it Why she took that show on the Android though That picture is so bad quality. I don't know if that's a ass or that's a chicken leg I ain't gonna quality so bad. Maybe not want to come over.   I'm not what like what was I supposed to do? You had everything wrong about me But she's gonna tell me she's gonna she's gonna be something almost like my parents used to hit me But I swear to God is I'm not who I say I am I don't even want to talk to you anymore. She did bro I don't hear y'all. I'm gonna be like What do you mean? Let's just let's just see what you mean But every conversation with girls turn the same bro. They talk about they dark past. I have a dark past I I was abused by my pet snail when I was watching Gary the lobster.   Like promise me that you'll still love me no matter I don't even love what You know what you know that no because of the next lyric Those are by God Baby stay strong. We don't live long Do you want the truth or not?  Yes What What is that? No, no, no homo luxuriously around.  No man, bro This picture was taken on my first Android.  Yeah, you know what I'm saying As I can see I don't think I need groceries today. Uh Gotta source some stuff out. Goodbye


Egypt refused to supply ammunition to Russia and started producing for Ukraine. Last month, after talks with senior US officials, Egypt suspended a plan to secretly supply rockets to Russia and instead decided to produce artillery ammunition for Ukraine. The Washington Post outlet, referring to five US intelligence documents leaked earlier this month informed about it. Last week, another document was reported exposing a secret scheme proposed by Egyptian President Abdel Fattah el-Sisi in February to provide Russia with up to 40,122mm SAKA-45 rockets that can be used for Russian multiple launch rocket systems. Sisi allegedly instructed his subordinates to keep the project secret to avoid problems with the West. However, new documents that the Washington Post obtained from the array of materials show that Sisi abandoned plans to supply Moscow in early March. Despite long-standing diplomatic and military relations with Russia, Egypt has been America's main ally in the Middle East for decades. It receives more than $1 billion annually in military aid from the United States. According to the documents, Egypt postponed the Moscow agreement and approved the sale of 152mm and 155mm artillery shells to the United States for transfer to Ukraine. Washington was trying to secure new supporters and much-needed ammunition for Kyiv's fight against Russian troops. The document says that Egypt intended to use its weapons production capabilities for Ukraine as a lever to obtain advanced American military products.


Today we're making mama's roast get ready collard valley cooks tonight We're gonna have a delicious chuck roast in the pressure cooker It's four o'clock and we're gonna be able to have this for dinner And it's gonna be falling apart done the first thing I do is I lay it out on my meat tray I Salt it and pepper it and we're gonna do this on both sides So I'm gonna flip it you also need to have a skillet preheated So our skillets over here getting good and hot for us because we are going to brown it and By doing this it makes a really good gravy. So now we are going to Put some brown brown gravy mix on it. Oh and some steak and chop as well So I'm just gonna kind of spread that around in there We're gonna do the same thing on the other side. Yeah, I'm just gonna take flour and finish it off with flour I'm also gonna brown the sides.  We're going to Brown the roast So we're gonna put some oil in here All right, so we're gonna lay our roast down in here. I cleaned my Olive oil thing the other day Really good and when I did a little bit of water got down inside of it And it's pretty much ruined my oil. I just need to use it and stuff that i'm cooking Until I get all the water out of it because if I use it on something like this and it's fried.   All right, I think this side's pretty brown just set in here about Two or three minutes. So we're gonna cook it looks good So you're gonna brown both sides and then I'm actually gonna turn it and start browning the actual sides of the roast as well While that's browning we're gonna go over here and I'm gonna add a little bit of dale seasoning in my recipe It says Worcestershire But we're gonna use some dales because I'm out of Worcestershire We just went to this store today and I just cannot keep up with what we're out of so I'm just gonna put a little bit in here As if I was just sprinkling in some Worcestershire. So that's in there um We can go ahead and put Just a little bit of water in here We're just going to have enough water to cover the roast And I think I'm going to cut up an onion and put it in here Again onion we're going to put in here. I'm going to lay the roast in the bottom first Now we're going to do some vegetables with this roast beef Um, but I'm going to cook the roast for a long time before I add vegetables because it takes a lot longer to cook the meat than it does to Get the vegetables where they need to be So I'm going to flip this thing up and bring a little bit on the side This one's kind of shake weird. So I don't think I'm going to turn it the other way at all Because just hold up We're just going to turn this off And we're just going to bring the roast over here and lay it into the instant pot You can use your regular pressure cooker if you want to you don't have to use the instant pot Now we're going to take some onion And throw in here And we're going to add some vegetables once this stuffer gets done So this is an instant pot. It's just the basic one. It's nothing fancy I'm going to place the top on it We're going to put it in the lock position All right. I'm going to press the meat stew It's on the highest level of pressure. You adjust that with this Right here. We're going to leave it there and then we're going to add some time to it. We're going to add 10 more minutes And it will just automatically start and turn on and start Counting down once it comes to pressure Remember this will come under pressure So wherever you have it sitting on the counter, I always have to move it The pressure is going to come from this valve up So try to make sure that it's not underneath the countertop Don't have it slid underneath the countertop when you when you click this when it starts I like to have mine pretty close to the hood In case I want to turn it on So I'm on a pill a few carrots and potatoes And get them ready for our roast and you're going to you're going to keep them in larger pieces I'm actually going to let them sit in a little bit of water so that they don't turn And that way my prepping is done And I don't have to come back in here Once I go sit down So you're just going to take your potato And you're going to cut it in pieces about that big All right on my carrots. I always use a peeler. I just think it's easier I used to Use a knife when I was younger and it take me forever to prep a carrot You can also scrape it with an eye as well Mama scraped hers a lot But this is about the only thing I use my peeler for unless I'm ribbining squash to Um, saute it together with a zucchini just to make it pretty I don't use this very much or if I'm pulling up some chocolate So you always want to peel out the outside because it's bitter Of your carrot and I always flip it around and do the end Because it's the biggest and you don't want to waste it So we're going to put quite a few carrots in this roast Carrots is my favorite part in the roast. I like the carrots more than I like the potatoes So I snip the ends off and I usually slice them in half The bigger sides So you can see about how much potato we've got in there. We're going to cut up about the same amount of carrot And we're going to get these on some water as well because you don't want The potatoes to turn brown before your roast Is ready for pressure So just fill them full of water. Make sure they're all under the water. How you gotta do See y'all in a minute pressure's off And I open it up Now we're going to transfer this roast into a pot over here because I'm hungry and I don't want to wait forever. This thing does have a saute But even on high it takes a lot longer than just putting the food on the stove top So I am going to transfer it over. All right, I'm going to grab this meat hook And I'm going to try to pick this up and transfer it over And normally I wouldn't do this if but tonight I'm in a hurry and I'm hungry Now you can see it has a lot of oil in it because it's a chuck roast and that's how they are Now we're going to add our veggies and I'm not going to put all this water in there Just enough to cover them And tonight I am going to make sure we have a gravy because I'm going to make some biscuits to swap it up with Why mama did I add enough water cover the veggies? I'll go ahead and salt and pepper a little bit more We're going to start to boil While we make some biscuits yummy We'll thicken this up with a little bit of flour and milk If you were cooking the roast down Like in my cookbook, it doesn't have the veggies in it If you were cooking this roast down without vegetables, you would just turn it on And reduce it until it formed a gravy in the bottom of the pan And you would just serve your roast with that gravy So you would never add the water or add something else to it You would just reduce it by boiling it longer All right, we're still boiling them You got to wait till your carrots and potatoes get forked tender and once they're forked tender Then we're going to thicken up the broth biscuits while y'all weren't looking Because you got to have biscuits and you have a good roast with a nice gravy So we're going to put in a little milk Whisk You got to cornstarch because I want it to be a nice gravy When I buy cornstarch, I get a big And you just kind of use your judgment if you thicken it I'm going to put at least three big heaping tablespoons And if you add it to it and it doesn't get thick enough, you can always just repeat the process Real thick like pudding, of course But I want it thick enough that it'll be good over top of the biscuit We're going to put this in here Because I have so much liquid, I'm going to go ahead and add one more But I don't have to come back Make sure you whisk it really good so your gravy's not lumpy And the reason you use cold milk is because it It separates in that milk like it should instead of being lumpy too Pour it in there Roast is so full of oil because it's a chuck roast You take your spoon and just set it on the very top You'll pull a lot of that oil off See how clear it looks? Got a little water under it, but not a lot But I mean, there's no reason why we need all that oil In our gravy I mean, it's already going to have a good bit You could just kind of move it around the skillet And pick it up And get some of it out of there. It's not healthy I think it's starting to thicken So we got a good bit of it out I'll let you see that up in the light You can tell it's a good little bit of oil on the top All right, we're going to mix this up. It's thickening Good I don't know what to do We're about to eat I'm going to taste the gravy and see if it needs salt and pepper So I like to take a biscuit And open face it for my roast And you can swap it instead if you want to However you want to do it But this is the way I like to eat it And this is the way that we eat our bit of filled chicken too That would just kind of like a chicken stew with potatoes and onions And carrots Just like this, but you use chicken instead So mama made a lot when we were young We loved it We get you plenty of gravy And I'm going to eat some wool over with mine Nobody likes it that many So we're going to put it on the plate Okay, we're going to take a bite I'm going to cut my biscuit because that's my favorite part Get a bite of biscuit first I guess I can try a little bit of everything Here I'll just take a bite of carrot I love it I love the smell The roast is nice and done And that's how you want it That's why I love the pressure cooker You can use your pressure cooker You don't have to have an instant pod And make the same recipe What a delicious supper Thanks for watching Colored Valley Cooks where we cook Lot mama did Bye y'all, love ya


Welcome to the CDC's training program on the use of handheld radiation survey equipment. I'm Dr. Armin Ansari, a certified health physicist at the CDC. The purpose of this program is to provide training on how to use handheld radiation detection equipment to screen people who may have radioactive contamination on their skin or clothing. After a large-scale radiation incident, individuals from a variety of professional backgrounds may be asked to help with such screening. This is often referred to as a radiological survey. Ideally, this role should be defined in your emergency response plan and the task should be assigned before any incident happens. Training in the use of the equipment should be conducted as part of your emergency preparedness planning. To use this training video, however, it's not required that you have any prior familiarity with radiation survey equipment. So in a pinch, this program can be used as a just-in-time training tool. If you have some familiarity with radiation survey equipment, you may use this program as a refresher training. You may also want to review the supplemental material on this DVD and the use of Alpha-Centernation detectors and ion chambers. Now please remember that individuals with specialized training such as health physicists, medical physicists or radiation safety officers should guide the overall radiological survey process and assume responsibility for meeting screening standards and making judgment decisions about triage. Before learning about the equipment, it helps to understand the difference between radioactive or radiological contamination and radiation exposure. If this basic radiation principle is unfamiliar to you, take a moment please to review these terms. You can do this by viewing a short two-minute animated film entitled Radiological Contamination and Exposure in the Supplemental Resources section of this DVD. Now let's begin our introduction to radiation survey equipment. Welcome. I'm Sarah Roberts, a certified health physicist with the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education. It is my pleasure to introduce you to the Radiation Detection Instrumentation typically used to survey people for contamination. These instruments are Geiger-Mueller, GM or Geiger detectors, and within this class there are several principle types. As you can see from this display of instruments, there are many companies that manufacture instruments so they come in all sizes, shapes and colors. Some of you may not have seen these instruments or be familiar with these terms I just used. Therefore, let's take a look at these detectors in a bit more detail. When monitoring people for radioactive contamination, very sensitive detection instruments are necessary. Survey meters, especially Geiger counters, serve this purpose well. Survey meters are the handheld instruments most commonly used to measure radiation. They are frequently referred to as radiation detectors, survey meters or Friskers. This kind of detector has several possible uses. Locating gamma emitting sources of radiation, locating contamination on people and equipment, and establishing control boundaries at an incident scene. The best GM to use when looking for contamination on surfaces is the Pancake GM because it has a very thin window which allows even beta radiation to be detected. Geiger-Mueller detectors, like any other piece of equipment you might employ in your line of work, have their good points and bad points. GM detectors are easy to use, easy to maintain and are generally pretty rugged. They are almost always going to be your instrument of choice when you want to look for radioactive contamination on people. They have other applications as well. On the negative side, the window is easily broken, so handle it carefully. Before we consider how GM detectors are actually used, there are four important steps I would like to outline. First, check the batteries, cable, and detector to make sure all of them are okay. Second, take a background reading in an area that you know is not contaminated. The term background measurement refers to radiation levels that are already present in our natural environment. Third, while you are surveying, scan slowly and as close to the object as possible without touching it so as to prevent contamination on the detector. And lastly, always remember to record your survey readings accurately. Now, with these four overall steps in mind, let's walk through the entire procedure. We've provided a step-by-step handout of this procedure and the inside cover of the DVD case. You may want to follow along with me with the written procedure in front of you. When you look at this instrument set, what you'll notice first is a count rate meter of some sort. You also see a cable with connectors on each end and a long handle with a small pancake on the end, again with a very thin entrance window on one side. Now examine all of these items for obvious signs of damage, a broken window or frayed or broken wires, for example. Next, assemble your equipment by connecting one end of the cable to the meter and the other end to the pancake probe. With the meter on, wiggle the cable near the connectors to see if this causes erratic behavior of sound or the display. If so, the cable is defective. Now let's discuss the different features of this instrument. First, all instruments require periodic calibration and testing. Ideally, your institution will have a routine calibration schedule for your instruments. Therefore, there should be a sticker on the instrument with a current date of calibration. However, in the event of an emergency, if the sticker shows an out-of-date calibration, do not let that stop you from using the instrument. Instruments can still be used for emergency screening even though they may be out of calibration. Go through the routine check of the instrument. If it's performing properly, you can use it for screening. But remember, this should be done only in an emergency situation as directed by the person in charge. Okay, the first step in using a radiation detection instrument is checking the batteries. Dead or dying batteries are the number one cause of problems for these instruments. For most instruments, checking the batteries will be done by either pressing a battery check indicator button or turning the control knob or range switch to battery or bat. This instrument has a control knob, so rotate the knob in a clockwise direction from the off position. The first position to the right is usually the battery check. Turn the switch to that position. If the needle does not move to the position on the meter face that indicates the batteries are okay, you'll probably need to replace them. For this instrument, you can see that the needle is indicating that the batteries are okay. While we're talking about batteries, let me give you a few additional tips. It's not a good idea to leave the batteries in the meter for long periods of time, months for example, if you aren't going to use them. They can corrode in the meter and ruin it. Also, look at the battery terminals to see if they are corroded. If so, you might be able to clean them with the eraser on the end of a pencil. Do not use batteries that have been rolling around in a drawer somewhere that are unwrapped or have been removed from their original packaging. You should be sure to keep a fresh dock of batteries available for each use. Please remember that even though you may have installed new batteries, you should not forget to turn the range switch to the battery check position and confirm that they are okay. Let's continue talking about the range switch. As you continue to move the range switch clockwise, you are on the scale settings. The scale controls the sensitivity of the instrument. At its smallest scale, times one, the instrument is very sensitive and can measure small amounts of radiation. Likewise, at its highest scale, times one thousand, the instrument is able to measure higher amounts of radiation. When taking a radiation reading with this type of instrument, the reading on the display must be multiplied by the scale setting. Now let's look at the variety of displays that can be found on the instruments. They may display either in units of counts per minute, CPM, Miller Rankin per hour, MR per hour, or milliR, Micro Rankin per hour, Micro R per hour, or Micro R, or some combination. Instruments have at least one display and a variety of controls. Different instrument manufacturers will place the display in controls in different design configurations. The basic components will be the same, but they may be found in different locations on the instrument. Displays are either analog or digital. On this screen is an example of an analog display. The display has a needle that will move from left to right as the amount of radiation increases. Similar to the way a speedometer needle moves from left to right as you increase the speed in your automobile. Different instruments may display different units, or the same instruments may display multiple units. When using a GM detector, always use the count per minute, CPM scale. If your instrument does not have a CPM scale, then use whatever scale was displayed. But always remember to note the units when you record the results. When taking a radiation reading with this type of instrument, remember that you must multiply the reading on the display by the scale setting. For example, this instrument is reading 350 counts per minute. The instrument is set at times 1, so 350 times 1 is 350 counts per minute. Let's take a look at another reading. In this image, the needle is at approximately 280. You may think that the reading is 280 counts per minute, but remember to check the scale. Since the instrument is set at times 10, the reading is 280 times 10 or 2800 counts per minute. This is a digital display. In this image, you see a numerical readout in counts per minute. You should now be ready to use the instrument. For our final and possibly most important subject, let's talk about how to use this instrument to conduct a survey. Most GMs have an audible output. One particle of radiation going through the window of the Pancake Pro produces one electronic pulse. One pulse produces one count or click. Let's listen to a typical response to background radiation. Again, this background radiation refers to radiation levels already present in our natural environment. Following a large-scale incident, you may have a lot of noise. Therefore, you may want to consider having a set of headphones plugged into your survey instrument so that you can hear the clicks. Also, eliminating the audible clicking noise may lessen the anxiety of the person being screened. While surveying, in addition to listening to the clicks, you need to watch the meter phase to see if the count rate is changing. Your instrument is likely to have a toggle switch to select F for fast response or S for slow response. Make sure the toggle switch is set for F or fast response when surveying for contamination. Next, we need to conduct a source check to make sure the meter is working properly. With the meter on, place the detector close to the radiation source, such as a thorium containing gas lantern mantle, an orange fiesta wear plate, or a plastic button check source. With the appropriate range selected, probably times 10 or times 100, verify that the meter responds. It's not a bad idea to indicate the reading on a label and stick the label on the side of the case. That way, the next time you check the GM, you will know if its response is changing. Some rate meters come supplied with a convenient check source on the side, and a label indicating what the meter response should be. In a pinch, if you need to use the instrument but you do not have a check source available, you can assume the GM is working properly if its response to background radiation is between 30 to 200 counts per minute. Depending on the environment and what type of building you're in, the background radiation level can vary. In the event of a radiation emergency, background radiation levels may be higher than usual because of environmental contamination. One of the first things to consider, this isn't a requirement but a suggestion, is wrapping the pancake probe with a protective covering. This will prevent contamination of the detector. You can use a rubber glove or a plastic bag or saran wrap, for example. Next, I'm going to take a background reading. Make sure your range switch is set to times 1. Note that the needle fluctuates at low readings and this is normal. You can change the toggle switch to S or slow response to make a more accurate reading. I have determined that the background count rate is 40 counts per minute, or CPM. Now make sure you move the toggle switch back to F for fast response when surveying for contamination. Keep in mind that you should turn the detector on well before you get into a suspect area. If the count rate steadily increases to a very high level, the meter pegs at the maximum reading and then the response drops off dramatically. The GM detector may have saturated and zeroed out. This can happen in high radiation fields and you should leave that area immediately. Now let's conduct a survey. When surveying a person, hold the probe approximately one half to one inch from the person's skin and systematically survey the entire body from head to toe on all sides. Move the probe slowly, about one inch per second. Try not to let the probe touch anything and pay particular attention to hands, face and feet. If massive numbers of people require screening, to avoid delays, it may be necessary to perform only quick-look spot surveys of the head, face, shoulders and hands, the most likely locations for contamination. Under those circumstances, it may also be necessary to use a screening criterion higher than twice the background. This guidance will be provided to you by the appropriate radiation authority. Locate the point that produces the most clicks. Document those locations and the radiation measurements. In general, areas that register more than twice the previously determined background are considered contaminated. Now you have seen the GM in use. So this concludes the demonstration of the GM pancake detector. Let's review the four important points about using GM detectors. Remember, check the batteries, cable and detector to make sure all of them are okay. Take a background reading in an area that you know is not contaminated. While you are surveying, scan slowly and as close to the object as possible without touching it to prevent contamination of the detector. And accurately record your survey readings. If you need additional information about this instrument, refer to the enclosed GM detector job aid. We hope this training has been useful to you. Personnel with specialized training in this field, such as health physicists, medical physicists or radiation safety officers, will provide you with additional guidance. You'll be given further instructions on how to adapt this screening to a mass casualty situation. For example, if massive numbers of people require screening, to avoid delays, it may be necessary to perform only quick look spot surveys of the head, face, shoulders and hands, the most likely locations for contamination. You will also be given instructions on what screening criteria to use with your instruments. Again, please consider specifying who will perform radiological screening as part of your pre-incident emergency planning process and incorporate pre-incident training into your plan. In the event of a large-scale radiation emergency, there will be a high demand for trained personnel who can perform radiological surveys to assess contamination on people and objects that are suspected of being contaminated. You will be performing a vital role in how to be commended for your efforts.


Good mental health. I'm your host, Nat Kelly. I'm pleased to have your company as we once again, continue our podcast series that is examining the lessons found in the tweets of Dr. Neil Maranello. He is a behavior expert with near six decades studying the human condition. He's currently a life, a solutions focused like coach in Woodstock, Vermont. Neil, I want to begin here before we get into our topic to just kind of talk about why we refer to you as a behavior expert. And the fact about 10,000 hours is normally what's required to be considered an expert. And you would certainly surpass that, I'm sure, with your experience in this behavioral field. Well, I did figure it out once, and that was many years ago. I think we can safely say I've got about 70,000. But I've been practicing in some form of behavior modification, I guess it could be called, although that's more of a term used by the cognitive behaviorist rather than me. But I've been doing some variation on that, trying to change people for the better, certainly since, oh, I'd say 1960, anyway. Wow. Yeah, exciting. That's even before I'm born. So and just for the purposes of disclosure, I have been a client of Dr. Neil's on and off for almost 25 years. I think you and I had begun our consultations in the early to mid 90s. So we have a long history and certainly blessed to have you on my team as I refer to it. A reminder that you can always follow the good doctor on Twitter. His handle is at coach Dr. Neil. And if you have a question or comment and what you have you here on this or any of our past or future podcasts, you're always welcome to leave a comment and we'll be able to address it in the subsequent podcast. So we're we sent Neil a little bit of a curveball today because we changed the order of what our topics were to be. I felt today's topic was a natural progression from last week's topic. And last week was the only rules controlling me are my own. And so for me, I felt today's topic was a natural progression of that. And the the topic today is deciding when I finish the job is up to me. And again, it feels like it's a natural progression. And Neil, for me, it's an incredibly empowering statement. Yeah, yeah, I think that it refers specifically to me. But it does directly relate to the other things that that have been subjects here. To back up a little bit, I think that over the years, as a person whose job it is to help people change themselves for the better, I've had to modify the traditional concept of therapist, psychotherapist, psychologist, that sort of thing. The modifications probably come down to two or three simple statements. One of them is your soul is my boss. And while that's familiar to you, Matt, it may not be to others. What I'm referring to is the things that we've talked about before each person is doing the best they can. The part of you that wants to do the best you can do is your soul. And that is the part of you that I serve. That means that if at some point you decide you don't want to see me anymore, that's up to you. On the other hand, if I feel that the part of you that doesn't want to see me anymore is not your soul. And that that part of you is sabotaging the process that we began in which I'm serving your soul. And that somebody's going to get hurt. If I don't act, then I will act. Now, I almost never act. I am very much a responsible person. And I see that as two words. In other words, I respond. If someone calls me, if someone doesn't call me, I will not respond. But there are circumstances in which I will feel the need to do something. If I feel I've been set up in some way or if I feel on some level, I'm being used. And in which case, obviously, I'm not likely to get paid. But that doesn't mean I don't have to do something. So let's now broaden this out a little bit and apply this concept, if we can, to the general public. For me, again, it's an incredibly empowering statement because it puts the power in me to decide how I'm going to proceed, whether or not society agrees with me or not, whether my boss agrees with me or not. But the decision is ultimately mine. And it feels like it's a universal concept.  Nobody has to live inside your body but you. And you have to, as we've talked before, continue to do the best you can. You have to decide what rules apply to you and what rules don't. If you're going to involve me in the process, I'm going to apply my rules, which is don't hurt anybody unnecessarily, to whatever it is that you want to do. But as long as we can set a goal that's reasonable for your soul or for you to grow and to change for the better, I'm on your side. The client, from my perspective, is a sacrosanct entity. I serve the client. And it's not always in my best interest to do that. As I mentioned last time, I've gotten in trouble for doing things that serve the client more than I. But with this particular subject, it's a very interesting example. In the example of the case in which I wound up losing my license for four months, the simple reality is that everybody involved in the case, with maybe one or two exceptions, the lawyer representing the person who was about to murder three people, wanted me out. And I didn't feel I could get out because I felt that people would be hurt and perhaps killed if I didn't.  And again, as we broaden it out here to the general public at large, or even just myself on a micro level, there certainly could be ramifications that could be negative to that lesson. Again, not doing something complete that maybe a superior had expected, but in your mind, you have made the decision that when you end the job, it's your decision and whether it has met somebody else's preconception or other benchmarks. And again, it's incredibly empowering, but you also have to be willing to accept the consequences of it. That's exactly right. And it does come down to living with yourself. The general concept that we talked about last week was rules exist and they are to be followed, unless there's a clear exception or someone is going to get hurt by following those rules. And even then, you have to take a look at what are the consequences, what's likely to happen. Nobody can predict the future. Nobody really knows what's going to happen next. What you do know is all there is is now, and there's a right thing to do now. And that may involve a certain amount of introspection, but you're in control. You're in control of what you do. You're in control of what you say. And the thoughts you have, the fear, the feelings you have, the fears you have, those all exist, but they are not actions. Actions are what determines whether a person is doing good or evil or crazy. It's interesting only because this also brings up, at least for me and my point of view, is that it also is about managing expectations. If you're interacting with another individual who happens to say that this is when I end the job and you may have been expecting something else from the person. Again, it's all about managing your expectations and then acting if those expectations are not met from another individual. Well, expectations create reality. A great deal of our perceptions are based on expectations. Reality, however, is what is, and what is only exists in the now.  My general approach is do nothing unless you're lying down on the railroad tracks and a train is coming along. Yeah, it's interesting. Having worked with you, sometimes doing nothing is the best answer through your expert counsel I've learned. Well, there's very little that is affected by your choosing to do nothing.  To a great degree, mental health is determined by the number of options you have. The number of options that you have is increased by the amount of time that you have to consider it. When you react impulsively to a situation and you're not lying down on the railroad tracks, I believe often afterwards you regret it. As I internalize that and share my own personal experience, it really does come home because of an impulsive decision that I had made to point a loaded 38 caliber revolver to my chest and pull the trigger.  At that time, I felt I had no other choice. So that's a really remarkable statement that you've just made here today. Yeah, in past sessions, I pointed out that what you perceived as a tunnel of darkness was in fact not something you were inside, but something that was inside you. The other metaphor that I used was painting yourself into a corner of one floor of a building when, in fact, there are many floors in that building and the building is inside you also. Once you realize that, you see that there are many other options than the ones that you perceived at the time. You're fortunate you didn't know exactly where your heart is. Well, I'm fortunate I missed anyway. So we're speaking here with Dr. Neil Maranello in our continuing series that examines the lessons found in his tweets on Twitter. You can follow the Good Doctor. His handle is at coach Dr. Neil. Our topic for today is deciding when to finish the job is up to me. And again, for me, I just feel it's such a powerful statement and it is a natural progression of our last week's topic, which was, again, the only rules controlling me are my own. Despite everything that we live in in society, whether it be a speed limit or thou shalt not kill the 10 commandments, etc., etc., how each of us interprets that into our own life and we live by, again, is an individual empowering lesson. For me, I resonate with and I hope the listener resonates to it as well. Well, the way that I have applied it in my own life has more to do with the concept of all there is is now. When I realized I was going to retire as a psychologist and I had about a year to do it and I had about 200 different plants that I had to terminate quotes, bare quotes with, the issue for me was each time that I met with somebody might be the last time.  So from my perspective, every time a client left my office, I wanted to make sure that they had something they could think about that gave them an opportunity to grow, that gave them more options rather than fewer options. So my focus was, in fact, on assuming, even if someone had an appointment the next week or two days after that, that person may not come back. And if that person didn't come back, did they have a direction to go in that would be growthful for them rather than result in their shriveling? And I love again that your your basic premise of operation is that my soul is your boss. And in essence, it's even my boss as well. And whether I am able to listen to it effectively to act as my soul would want, you know, that that is the challenge I think that we face as as all humans. Because how often are we dragged into petty grievances that that can consume us? So, exactly. And if you are dragged into a petty convenience that is consuming you, then probably your soul is not the boss. And in that case, there may well be another part of you that has taken over. And we all have parts of ourselves. And some of them act as if or or seem make us believe that they actually know what's right for us. But only your soul knows what's right for you. And your soul does not say, hey, let's find a mug puddle and spin our wheels. And, and, you know, again, in my own personal experience, being in that tunnel of darkness, that thought that was going through my head at the time, that I didn't want to be a burden to people anymore, seemed to be right. But again, it wasn't my soul. It was something else that was consuming me and, and, and which led to that act. So it's rather interesting that you speak about that. Yeah, that idea of I don't want to be a burden to someone anymore is as a margulite component to it or, or here's your violin, go ahead and play it and assume that there are no other individuals that are going to be affected by your action. To me, that's very much of a of an approach which doesn't take into account, the fact that we all exist, as I said in our last podcast, we all exist in relationships. And the, having been in this business as long as I have, I've had to deal with a lot of people who have had loved ones kill themselves. And the effect on those people takes quite a while to process, to work out. And the key issues that need to be worked out are understanding things like what was going on in the person's mind when they pulled the trigger. And what can you do with the rest of your life to respect that? Or are you going to allow the part of, of the you who survived to paint yourself into a corner or move into the tunnel of darkness yourself? And thankfully, I'm back under your care, you know, these podcast series being just an example of it. And in a strange way, I don't regret doing it because it's got me to now. I regret the fear that I instilled in those who love me. But I'm certainly in a much better place as a result of that action. And the fact that you survived has a huge opportunity for significance, the meaning of your survival to those people and to you is the key to your having, and this is our next week subject that was supposed to be this week, a high quality of life. I love again how we just we tie it all in. And that's it. Our next week's session topic, which was going to be this week was quality of life is the only variable that matters. Yes, I believe that most people don't understand how the way they think is a variable. Most people assume that the way they think is some sort of a constant that cannot be changed. And so they immediately assume that that the two and two is three, which they got placed in their minds a long time ago, or that they placed in their own minds as a result of a misperception is not is a basic truth. And so two and two is three, four and four is six, 200 and 200 is 300, etc. And all of the consequential tangential realities from the circle of reality, all of those tangents lead to what I call paranoid delusions, beliefs, that something that is not true are true, and that winds up controlling your behavior. Once you see what is true, and once you understand that the way you're thinking is what's determining how much you're painting yourself into a corner, then you have an option to see things differently and change your behavior and serve your own soul. And, you know, this sort of comes back to, you know, one of our what we were talking about in some earlier podcasts is about significating events, actions, etc., etc., giving significance to whatever happens really determines a future outcome. Yeah, I remember in one of the, oh, God movies where George Burns is playing God, the great religious leaders of the world are asking this supposed God all kinds of questions. And one of the questions is what is the meaning of life? And the answer that George Burns gives is the meaning of life is exactly and precisely what you think it is no more, no less. Because that's another topic of one of our future discussions, one of our future episodes here. But that's why I like the word significant. We give meaning to our lives and we've been approached by many people in many states of unrest. And at the same time, finding a way to significate what has happened and how they think in a way that allows them to grow rather than shrivel is the key to my doing my job, right? Yeah, yeah. And, you know, speaking from personal experience, I know I've had incorrect thinking. And I think it's important to know, and this is for the general public here, you may be under the illusion that you can't control your thoughts or that your thinking pattern is established and it cannot change. And yet, you know, through my work with you, I've certainly realized that the mind is very malleable and very easily manipulative. And I kind of want you to just speak about that, particularly as it relates to the subconscious and, you know, whether it be repeating phrases over and over and having that that they get in in a way to change behavior to change thinking. Well, when someone comes to me, they have a way of thinking. And it's my job to figure out what that way is. There are really only so many ways of thinking. Each person is different from every other person. But there are a limited number of possible ways in which a person can take the ball and run with it on the holographic field of the mind. There is a subconscious and there is a conscious and they have processes by which they work. That doesn't change the fact that if I do my job right, I can give each person that meets with me a way of thinking that enables them to process things when they're not with me. At most, even if someone's meeting with me once or twice a week, you know, there's 23 hours that day and 24 hours the other days that they're living with themselves, not with me. But if I do my job right, they're also living with me. They have something that I said in their minds that they have to argue with because it makes sense given how they think. And so I get to do my job even when I'm sleeping. And I can seriously attest to that is like, I have conversations with you in my brain when you and I are not actually physically talking to each other. I am discussing the challenge or the concept that I'm wrestling with with you in my brain. So it's sort of like, you know, I get you your wisdom without actually being in the same room or being on a phone with you. Yeah, we can figure out a way that I can charge for that because I will be very happy. Well, and there are things that I refer to as nihilisms, if you will, sort of these lessons that we're talking about in this podcast series that are now intrinsically part of me and my thought process, but I attribute them to you as quote unquote, nihilisms.  In other words, if I'm doing my job right, the nihilism that you have is your soul talking to you because that's my boss and that's what I want to be saying to you. And that's when you do call me, hopefully what I'm saying reflects that. And to that end, you know, we've worked together for so many years that instead of an hour session, you're very able within 15 to 20 minutes to be able to flip that switch in my brain that is allowing me to move past that obstacle and go in the correct way of thinking. And I'm grateful that you have the key that's able to flip that switch for me. Well, the key is nothing more than understanding how you think and knowing that I am a gladiator. I am someone who will fight for what's right for you, even if it's not what's right for me. So what we have there is a representative of your soul. My job is to communicate to you within your own mind what you know is right for you. Now, I want to be very clear that when I use the word soul, I'm not talking about something that comes from God or that there is that that's going to exist beyond your life or not. I just don't know whether that's true or not. If the question is, do I believe in God? The answer is yes. But the reason is I believe that there is a force for good in the universe. Just as I believe that there's a force for evil in the universe, and the force for good serves truth and the force for evil serves fear. But the bottom line on it is I don't have to go beyond my own subconscious to accept that there is a force for good in the universe. However, I have to say that enough external things have confirmed realities. Just yesterday, there was an experience that I had in which something that I had no control over confirmed for several other people, a statement that I had made that contradicted what someone who was serving evil was saying. I had absolutely no way of knowing that that would come out, but it did. Now, maybe it was just random, it's possible that everything is just random. On the other hand, I choose to believe that it's not. I thought there is a synchronicity, and particularly when you see the synchronicities, it is an awareness that there is some sort of an alignment that is occurring, and that it might be advantageous to follow it. And maybe what we do is create that. Maybe we just project it. We wouldn't have seen it if we weren't looking for it. There's all kinds of ways of explaining things that agree with some chaotic random explanation of the universe, or even that buy into the idea that we're all existing in a computer simulation. Where I'm at is I don't care what I do works, and as long as it works, I'm going to keep doing it. Over 70,000 hours in the human behavior field that qualifies him as a behavior expert. We're speaking with Dr. Neil Maranello. He is a solutions focused life coach from Woodstock, Vermont. Our topic for today's discussion is deciding when I finish the job is up to me. Your final thoughts on today's topic, Neil. Yeah, we talked last week about the importance of following my own rules and living with myself. In my perspective, I spend probably two, minimum of two, up to four to five hours a day alone processing the people I'm going to meet with that day, the thoughts I have in association with that, and there isn't really a lot of logical thought that goes into that. There's just what I would call ah-has, the experience of, oh, yeah, that feels right. Let me check that out with so-and-so. And when I check it out, it may turn out to be true. It may not be, but often it gets validated, and I'm much better at it now than I was 10 years from now. I don't know whether I'll be alive 10 years from now or 10 years ago, but I definitely have got my act more together now than I did 10 years ago. And if my brain keeps working the way I hope it does, and my mind keeps working the way it has been working for the last 60-odd years, I really believe that growth takes place inside each of us in a way which allows us to feel better about ourselves. And if we're not moving in the right direction, it doesn't take too much looking in the mirror to realize that. And it certainly is our hope with this podcast series that it will continue for several years to come with your expert insight, but even after you've done that the podcast series will live on and continue to hopefully assist future generations as they navigate the world around them. Good Mental Health, it's a series examining the lessons found in the tweets of Dr. Neil Maranello. You can find him on Twitter at coach Dr. Neil, a reminder you can always comment, and we'll be sure to address your questions, your comments in an upcoming podcast. Join us next time on Good Mental Health when our topic will be quality of life is the only variable that matters. On behalf of the Good Doctor, I'm Matt Kelly wishing you good mental health.


Hello and welcome to you with a risk-free asset. In the prior session, we looked at the portfolio that's composed of only two risky assets. So it's very important that you understand how we form a portfolio of two risky assets because in that portfolio I explained and we illustrated the covariance, the correlation coefficient. In this session, in addition to the two risky assets, we're gonna be adding a risk-free asset, which is gonna add little bit more information about what we know, but it's very important that you understand the prior session. Just look in here for the prior recording or in the description in the video below. This topic or these topics are covered on the CFA exam as well as essential or principles of investments. As always, I would like to remind you to connect with me only then if you haven't done so. YouTube is where you would need to subscribe. I have 1,800 plus accounting, auditing, finance, as well as Excel tutorial. If you like my lectures, if you like my lessons, please like them and share them with others. If they benefit you, it means they benefit them as well. Connect with me on Instagram. On my website, farhat-lectures.com, you will find additional resources to complement and supplement your accounting as well as your finance and this scores specifically education. So I strongly suggest you check out my website. So on the prior session, we looked at two risky portfolios, I'm sorry, at two risky assets in a portfolio and we try to make sense of this information. And this is the information that we are using. Basically, we were looking at a stock fund with an expected return of 10%. We are looking at a bond fund with an expected return of 5%. The standard deviation for the stock is 19, the standard deviation for the bond is eight and the coefficient or the coefficient correlation between the two is 0.2, which is a positive. It's less than one. It means diversification would help us. This is what we look at in the prior session. And what we did is we composed a portfolio with different weight, which I'm gonna show you how to do so or how we did so earlier. This way it's very important that you understand how we did so because we're gonna be adding to that portfolio. So let's take a look at this. So first what we did is we have on one side, we have risk and return. So we have risk and the technical word is not risk, the technical word is standard deviation. And we have the reward on the y-axis, the reward we'll call it expected return. And what we're gonna do, we're gonna plot some points to show you what it looks like, to show you what the graph would looks like of the investment opportunity set. What does that mean? It means we're gonna be looking at different sets. I'm not gonna plot every one of them, but I'm gonna plot enough where we have a graph. It will remind you of what we did earlier because we're gonna carry this graph and add to it a risk-free asset. That's why I'm doing this. So the first point I'm gonna look at is if we invested, first let's kind of basically, this is let's assume 8% standard deviation, 10%, 12, 14. Don't worry, I'm gonna show you this graph on the actual graph. So I'm just showing you how to build it because if you don't know how to build it, it's a little bit difficult for you. So these are the standard deviation and the returns are four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 11, 12. And this is the return starting with three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, and 11. Okay, now my scale may not be perfect. It won't be perfect at all, but it's gonna get you the point because it's very important that you understand how you do this, how you build the graph. I'm gonna show it to you at the end. Okay, so let's start by investing 9.2% of our money in stocks and 90.8 in, 90.8 in bonds. If we do so, our expected return will be 5.46, which is we learn how to compute this in the prior session. I will not do that in this session. So 5.46 someplace here, this is the return. Let me use a different color. So you see what I'm doing, 5.46 here, and the standard deviation is 7.8. So the standard deviation is someplace, 7.8 is someplace here. So here's the first point, okay? And what is, if you remember, what is this first, what does this first point represent? This first point represent, if you don't know what this is, this is the minimum variance portfolio. So I'm gonna explain real quick what minimum variance portfolio is because we need to use this. What does that mean? It means at this level, if we invest 9.2 in stocks, 9.8, 90.8 in bonds, we expect to return 5.46, and the standard deviation is 7.8. Let's see what happened if we invest 10% in stocks and exactly 90% in bonds. Our return will go up 5.5, but our risk will go up as well. The standard deviation will go up. If we invest 20%, again, return will go up, but risk will go up. Let's see what happened if we invest zero in stocks, zero in stocks, and we invest 100% in bonds. So we didn't invest anything in stocks. We invest 100% in bond. The bond has an expected return of 5. Therefore, I'm gonna use a different color. This is the 5. The 5 is right here, and the standard deviation for the 5 will be 8. And some place here. Okay, and let's do one more, and let's graph if we invest, let's make it 20%. Let's invest 20% in stocks and 80% in bonds. The expected return will be 6. Let's use a different color for the third point, the third and last, I'm not gonna do any more points, 6%, and the standard deviation will be 8.7. Let's just make it someplace here, so they meet here. Now, here's what's gonna happen. We're gonna go ahead, I'm gonna draw the line if we graph all of those. It's gonna look, again, don't worry, I'm gonna show you the complete line. It's gonna look something like, whoops. Let me go back one more time. Okay, it's gonna look something like, this, okay? And to be more specific, to show you what it looks like, it's gonna look something like this. So let's work with a complete now picture. So this is the picture I was trying to draw for you. This is the minimum variance portfolio. Minimum variance means what? You're taking the minimum amount of risk, minimum amount of risk, given all these combination in the portfolio. So, and the bonds here is only the bond portfolio. So notice, if you have to choose, and hopefully you know this from the prior session, if you have to choose something here, or something here, like which is at 6%, which is 6% is what? 6% is 2080. So let's assume this is portfolio A. If you have to choose between portfolio A and the bond portfolio, no questions about it. You would choose portfolio A. Why? Because portfolio A, your return equal to 6%, your risk or your standard deviation equal to something around 8%. It's gonna make it eight. The bond, your return is five. Those are not 100% accurate, the standard deviation, but you guys get the point and the standard deviation equal to eight. Hold on a second. If I'm taking the same risk, standard deviation is the same. I will definitely would invest in portfolio A because I'm making more return. Now, this is an important concept that we're gonna be using. This is called the sharpie ratio. Now, how can we compute the sharpie ratio? You will see that later. We can compute this and we can find out that the sharpie ratio for A is more than the standard deviation. Actually, we can do it right now. If we take the risk, we don't have a risk-free return here. If we take the risk for this portfolio here and we take 0.06, we're gonna take, I'm sorry, yes, the risk premium, which is 0.06, because we don't have a risk-free divided by the standard deviation of A. This is for portfolio A and we'll do the same thing for portfolio B. 0.05 divided by 0.08. We could compute the sharpie ratio and let's do so here before we add anything. So if we do so, 0.06 divided by 0.08, your sharpie ratio is 0.75, 0.05, 0.05 divided by 0.08. It's 0.625. So you will definitely choose this portfolio Y because the sharpie ratio, you're getting more return for your risk. That's why you're getting more return for your risk. So this is actually everything that I did so far is something that we learned about. We saw in a prior session, but it's very important to understand how we do this. So please make sure you know how to draw this before we go to the next slide. On the next slide, we're gonna be adding what we want to do for this session is adding a risk-free asset to the picture. So when choosing the capital allocation between risky and risk-free portfolio, investors naturally would want to work with the risky portfolio that offered the greatest reward for assuming risk. And how do we measure the greatest return for assuming risk? It's this sharpie ratio, this sharpie ratio, okay? So the higher the sharpie ratio, the greater is the expected return corresponding to any level of volatility, which is volatility is risk or standard deviation. And this is how we compute the sharpie ratio, the expected return of the portfolio minus the risk-free, which is the risk-premium, the risk-premium divided by the standard deviation. Suppose then we are still confined to the risky bonds and fund, but now we can add to our portfolio a T-bill yielding 3%. T-bill means risk-free asset. Now we're gonna be introducing this picture, introducing risky-free asset. And let's see what's gonna happen when we do so. The resulting opportunity set is the set, the resulting opportunity set is the straight line that we called the capital allocation line. And we looked at the capital allocation line in a prior session. If you don't know how to do the capital allocation line, please look in the description. I should have the prior session for that. Now on the next slide, we will consider the various capital allocation line constructed with risk-free bills and the variety of possible risky portfolio, each form by combining the stocks and the bonds funds in an alternative proportion. So simply put, what I'm gonna do, I'm gonna change the date a little bit and now we're gonna be introducing risk-free asset. So here's what we have. Here's what we are weighted in stocks and whatever we are weighted in stocks, we are weighted in bonds. So if we invest 0% in stocks, it means we're investing the remaining in bonds, okay? So here's the weighted in stocks. This is the expected return of the portfolio and we're gonna be using a correlation coefficient is 0.2. So we're gonna be, they already computed the standard deviation for us as well. And our minimum variance portfolio is when we invest 0.09 in stocks. Our expected return is 5.46 and our standard deviation is 7.8. Simply put, we are looking at this point here about the minimum variance portfolio. This is still our minimum variance portfolio. So what are we going to do now? What are we going to do now? I'm gonna use the same graph. I'm gonna use the same graph, but I'm gonna use a different scaling. So I'm gonna draw another graph here with the same information with different scaling. So let me go ahead and do so. Expected return and the standard deviation. And basically we have a standard deviation of, I'm gonna use five, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30. So those are the, I'm just using different scale because we're gonna be adding a little bit to this graph. So I prefer to draw it, then show you the final product, show you what it looks like at the end. And for the return, we're gonna do three, we're gonna do four, we're gonna do five, return six, seven, eight, nine. I'm not sure how much the scaling is going to work, but let's go ahead and do so. So remember the minimum variance portfolio is the return is 5.46. So 5.46 and 7.8 someplace here. So this is the minimum variance. So let's go ahead and draw like an approximate line. Okay, now, so I'm gonna go like this, something like this. So all what I'm doing now, all what I did now is draw the same, the same picture as here with different scaling. And you're gonna see why in a moment. Now we're gonna be introducing, so this is the minimum variance. This is the minimum variance point, minimum variance. Now remember, we're introducing a new asset and with this asset, that risky free asset has a 3% return. So anytime we start now, we're gonna be starting at 3%. If we invest everything in risky free asset, we'll earn 3%, so we'll be right here. Now let's graph some combinations. Let's graph some combination. So 0%, if we invested 0% in, I'm sorry, if we invested nothing in stocks and we invested everything in bonds, what's gonna happen? Bonds, it's gonna give us 5%. So we're gonna have 3% from the risk free rate and 5%. So simply put, this is the first Cal, the capital allocation line that goes through, that goes through the minimum variance portfolio, the minimum variance portfolio. So there we go, this is the first, this is the, I'm gonna call it CAL minimum. Now notice what happened. The line is no longer curved. So this is the curve line. The line is no longer curved. The line is straight because we are starting from the y-axis and we're drawing a line. Therefore, the curve will be straight. Let's draw another combination. So rather than zero and one, let's put 20% in stocks and what would be the expected return? The expected return will be around, notice the expected return will be 6% now. The expected return is six. So the expected return will be someplace like this. So we're gonna have, the line will go from, let me use a different color for this portfolio, 3% and will go through six. And this is, we're gonna call this portfolio CALA, portfolio A. Now we can draw, we can keep on drawing these portfolios. We can go and draw these portfolios. But the question is, what is the best portfolio? What's the optimal portfolio? What's the composition of the optimal risky portfolio? So here's what we can do to find this because we can also do, we can grab this. We can grab this. So how do we find out that we got to our optimal risky portfolio? So to find the composition of the optimal risky portfolio, we search the weight and the stock and bounce fund that maximize the portfolio sharpie ratio. Now let me, before we proceed, let's compute the sharpie ratio for these two portfolios. Let's compute the minimum variance. The minimum variance has a return of 5.46, 5.46 minus 3% the risk-free rate. This is the risk-free premium and the standard deviation is 7.8. So the sharpie ratio is 0.32. The sharpie ratio for A, the return is 6 minus 3% the risk-free and the standard deviation, we're gonna say 8% or around 8%. It's specifically 8.07, 0.37. So notice here, we would definitely prefer this portfolio over this portfolio. Yes, we'll prefer the portfolio A over the minimum variance because look, our sharpie ratio is higher, okay? Relative to this portfolio. Now again, we're gonna have to keep on finding out. Where do we find the maximum sharpie ratio? Because at some point it's gonna go down again. So we use this formula and you don't have to worry about this formula for now. We use this formula to find out the optimal weight. So to find the optimal weight, we find out that the optimal weight is 0.568 for bonds and 0.432 for stocks. So some place, so fives, we have the stocks here. The weight for stocks is 0.432. So at some place in this area, a little bit then 4.42 and the remaining is unbounds. And when we do the computation, basically when we compute the expected return of this portfolio, we find out that the expected return is 7.16 and the standard deviation equal to 10.15. And the sharpie ratio for this portfolio will be 0.41. So the expected return is 7.16 minus the risk free rate divided by the standard deviation. Again, how did we come up with this? We just assume and we kept on plotting all of these until we find out and computing the sharpie ratio. Again, the formula, don't worry about the formula. Don't worry about how we find out the formula. There's a formula to find out this optimal risky portfolio. Now let me show you the graph itself rather than my crappy graph. And this is the graph that I was telling you about. So if we keep on, once we introduce the risk free rate, first of all, the CAL is basically straight line not curved, okay? Because you're starting from the Y. So what's gonna happen is this, the optimal risky portfolio is at this point. This is an important point. So this is the efficient frontier. Let me do this in red. This is the efficient frontier, okay? And where the tangent point, where this line, where the CAL hit the efficient frontier at that point, this is when it hit it, like tangent. It's the tangent point. We call it the optimal risky portfolio. This is the optimal risky portfolio. This is the target portfolio, okay? And this is where you have the highest sharpie ratio or sharp ratio. I just, I always call him sharpie, I don't know why. The highest sharp ratio, which is 0.41, okay? Now we find out what's the combination. What's the best combination of stocks and bonds? It doesn't mean you, that's if you invested everything, you're not gonna invest 100% in here, but this is the optimal weight. This is the optimal weight, okay? So the best is to have 56 in bonds and 43 in stocks. So the preferred complete portfolio from a risky portfolio risk-free asset depends obviously on your risk aversion. More risk aversion person will prefer low-risk portfolio despite the expected return. And if you are more risk-tolerance, you choose the higher risk, which is we already learned about this in the prior session. Now, both type of investors will choose portfolio O. Why? Because portfolio O gives them the highest return per risk. It provides the highest return per risk that tangent point when you find this tangent point, this is your highest return per risk. So that's why whether you are risk averse or risk tolerant, you will prefer your best option is this combination. So now you don't, you know, investor will defer only in their allocation. Now they may want to put only 80% in this and remaining in the risk-free asset or they may wanna put 90% or they wanna put 80% here and 20% here. It just depends on how they split it. But the point is we know how to split it. So let's take a look at one possible choice, one possible choice of the preferred portfolio C. Let's assume the investor places 55% of their wealth in portfolio O and 45% in treasury, in treasury bill. Simply put, to find the expected return, we'll take 3% times 45. This is what they invested in the treasury bill and the remainder is invested in the risky portfolio that earned 7.16. They're not putting everything in 7.16. If they put all their money, in this portfolio, 100%, then the expected return will be 7.16, they're only putting, that's what they want. They're a little bit more than half, they want to go risky and a little bit less than half, they want to be risk-free. So the expected return of this complete portfolio is 5.29 and the standard deviation of this portfolio is only the standard deviation of the risky assets, which is the 10.15 from the previous slide. Therefore, the standard deviation of the portfolio is 5.18. Therefore, it would look something like this. So this portfolio, what they did is said, look, we're gonna invest 45% of our fund at 3% and 55% at 7.16. And here we have, when we compute the expected return, where we combine those two, compute the expected return, overall, we're gonna be expected to earn 5.29 with a standard deviation of 5.58. So simply put, here's what's gonna happen to be more specific, because portfolio is a mix of bond fund and stock fund with a weight of 56 and 43.2. Here's how we're gonna allocate it. For the risk-free asset, we're gonna give them 45% and the remaining 55% will be allocated using 56.8 to the bond fund and 43.2 to the risk fund. Simply put, another picture of this is something like this. So I would say this is a conservative portfolio because only little bit than half is invested in something other than risk-free and half of that, well, little bit more than half is even invested in bonds. So notice, I would say this is a conservative portfolio. What else can you do? For example, you could have done is 20%, keep 20% here and take the 80% and split the 80% 56 to bonds 43.2 to stocks and you'll be little bit more riskier. And if you want to, you could only do 5% and T-bills and risk-free and the remaining 95% split at 56 and 43. It all depends on your risk, risk tolerance. In the next session, we would look at an example that deals with the optimal risky portfolio with a risk-free asset. As always, I'm gonna remind you to like and share my recording if you like them and don't forget to visit my website, farhatlectures.com. If you want to complement and supplement this course as well as other courses, Accounting Finance. If you're studying for your professional certification, invest well in your career because that certification will pay dividend for years. Study well and stay safe.


Apple Action Wireless has some of the best data rates in wireless on our plans and not to mention an amazing deal on one of our hottest smartphones but that's all the time I have to explain. Seastore for details, better service, bigger savings. That's today's Apple Action Wireless. Martin County Sheriff John Kirk responded to a caller Tuesday who stated she had let one of her dogs off a trolley line to let it use the bathroom and roam a little. When the dog ventured off the property she got in her car to retrieve the pet and as she was coming down the driveway heard a sound that made her heart stop. Got to the bottom of the hill and I heard a gunshot and it my heart it just sunk. I went down there and turned around the intersection and I came back and when I came back popped up at the top of the hill and all I could see was her laying there and those gravels and all I could look at was blood and where he shot her at and I just looked at him and I said why why her what did she ever do to you? Kiara's owner says she appreciates everyone's concerns expressed on social media but some have taken it a little too far. People saying that need to shoot him because he shot your dog and all this stuff that's just that's cruel too of people to say that. I mean something needs to happen but not that not that in any way and just like the other people that's commenting on stuff on social media they're saying I get the owner's fault that this happened like it's my fault and I do everything to protect my dogs. I would do anything for you. Martin County Sheriff John Kirk says reports of animal cruelty are not uncommon in the county but the circumstances surrounding them seem to be escalating. I'd say we get at least one call a day about animal cruelty whether it's neglect a lot of times it's neglect of dogs you know here lately it's been the shooting you know shooting of a horse shooting of a dog the little girl that had her dog killed once she spoke with the guy who actually shot the dog he admitted to shooting it he felt very remorseful you know I think he did it out of anger he did the moment but I think he was very remorseful after he saw the little girl cry. No charges have yet been filed in this case reporting from Warfield for EKB news I'm Sean Allen.