Hello, everyone. My name is Lisa Mitchell and I'm a managing director of Techstars, an accelerator and global ecosystem providing founders a lifetime of resources and the network to support and scale their companies. I'd like to welcome everybody to today's gist. A program focused on incubator or accelerator. Does your startup need one. For the next hour, my colleague, yeah, Wang, and I will be fielding and answering all of your questions. Yeah, as the founder of the hatchery and organization instrumental in developing the New York technology ecosystem. You can join our discussion by sending your questions and comments through the chat roll at the right of your screen, or through Twitter at hashtag just guru. While we wait for the questions to come in. Let's start by talking about the difference between accelerators and incubators. Yeah, would you like to go first and talk a little bit about the New York technology ecosystem and how the hatchery is operating. Yeah, sure. So the New York tech ecosystem has been growing for many years. I got involved maybe about 10, 15 years ago, when even then it was really not much happening. Technology was very young and people were trying to literally reinvent the wheel every time they started to come. There was no sharing. Whatever I knew, I wouldn't tell you whatever you knew, you held to yourself as very guarded. And so we went out into the ecosystem and said, you know what, the best way to teach people how to share and how to change this behavior is to just show them and do it ourselves. So we did it through events initially. And we gave away all of our relationships, all of our knowledge for free. And it really kind of shook New York City at the time to its core because that was not what New Yorkers did. I would just help people for no reason. People are just very suspicious. Why would you do that? I was like, you know, maybe you'll be back some days. It's kind of a karma philosophy. And it worked. We did that. We're up to about 20, 80 events a year, depending on the year. And this sharing mentality really got people to pay it forward. More events, more community events and activities and organizations started to form over the last 10 years. I really think that New York City is a very different place now. There's access to all sorts of information. There's general assembly to get knowledge for very specific technical skills. There's a ton of accelerators out there. All the universities are getting involved. The city is getting involved and the ball really just started to get rolling a lot more in the last few years. So can you tell us a little bit more about, so, as this discussion goes, it's about what is an incubator and what is an accelerator. So in your mind, how are you different than what the accelerators are doing in your ecosystem? Sure. So most accelerators around the world, including in New York, they're short term programs. They're meant for first time entrepreneurs to learn a bunch of things. They're very verticalized here in New York. I know other places I'd be more general, verticalized meaning there's ones just for fashion, ones just for nonprofits, etc. Three month programs typically with some monies to get you started and a demo day to conclude. Ours was kind of built from scratch, our own model geared around what we thought would lead to more successful exits. So we said, well, why don't we just build them backwards? Why not build with the people you're going to eventually sell to perhaps or the market that you're going to sell to. So we partnered up with corporations and we figured out the problem is with the market. So if everyone in this room likes chocolate milk, I'm going to make chocolate milk, right, kind of like that. But with more text, which tech means is artificial intelligence, machine learning data. So when in there we worked with some big companies and we would spin out startups together. And we've put founding teams together. And in New York, there's a lot of people like people want to leave their jobs, a lot of people who want to do startups. So I find those who have expertise, passion in the area we're about to go venture into and say, look, you can have your idea or look, I have one that I have 20 companies that all want to buy this product that doesn't exist. Why don't we all go build it together? And that started to spread overseas as well as we incorporated more people with same thinking of I want to build something I might not know what or I might want to build something I've got an inkling. But yeah, you've got all the customers, you've got them ready to come on board. And we essentially stir the soup with all the players from the very beginning and not waiting until products develop to then go to market to realize we have to adjust or pivot. This kind of shortens a lot of that timeframe. We also don't do classes. We pick companies and we do projects as we find up good opportunities. We look for white space. We tend to work with people with skill sets already established. And we stay until the company sells. It's not short term. It's a very long term will stay for years. And we're here as you know, like a founding team member where customers are brought funding is brought additional human resources abroad. We've got tons of engineers for those who might be more business centric and need some help there. So the best way to describe it is that we reverse engineer these these projects. That's amazing. And you mentioned that you're operating also outside of New York. Where else are you operating? We're out of Prague in Istanbul as well. A little different for a lot of Western Westerners, but we find that there's a lot of opportunity there. Eastern Europe, great engineers, fantastic minds. And they really, really passionately want to partner for the business side of things. And it really helps them that there's a New York presence so that it reduces the amount of funding needed to grow into the US market for a lot of them. It's a big hurdle to raise that much. It's usually the second or third round. If they can make it there to then even consider the US Istanbul. A fantastic city, very entrepreneurial. They've been entrepreneurs for years, maybe not tech as much. So it's refocusing that the the young there, the people coming out of school, the people who have a lot of energy are very interested in tech and what it can do. They're very mobile centric. In fact, a lot of what they already have in that country is more advanced than some of what our US infrastructure has. We're finding a lot of funding opportunities there and private public sector partnerships. Oh, that's fantastic. Congratulations on everything that you guys have accomplished. So let me talk a little bit about tech stars. Tech stars is an accelerator. As I said, we're also an ecosystem. And when I say ecosystem, I mean, we host startup weekends around the world. We host startup weeks around the world. So we very much focus on the ecosystem building. In addition, we have an accelerator in our case. It's an accelerator that invests in and takes equity from companies. To date, we have more than 1000 companies since 2007 that have gone through the tech stars accelerator. Those companies have in total raised over $3 billion. We are running today. Tech stars started small in Boulder, Colorado in 2007 with its first cohort. Today we're running over 25 cohorts around the world. We have offices from Adelaide, Australia to Cape Town, South Africa, Berlin, London and all over the United States. And our goal is to find amazing founders that are in some cases super early could be two people that haven't raised funding. In some cases, it's a team of people who have been working on something for a while. But essentially need to grow, need growth, need to perfect their business model, need to get investors, etc. We have two kinds of programs. One is vertically focused and the other one is not. Vertically focused programs include the Barclays, Spintek accelerator that we have in New York and London and Cape Town or in places like Kansas City where I am. We're a city program, which means we're not focused on a particular vertical. We're looking for amazing founders from anywhere in the world. And what we do with those founders is obviously you go through an application process and are vetted. If you take investment from and or apply and take investment from and are accepted by the Tech stars accelerator, you come to that location and you spend 90 days with us. It's an immersion. As part of that immersion, we have a very mentor led accelerator model, meaning we bring in 50 mentors to every accelerator program. Those 50 mentors are serial entrepreneurs, investors, heads of business development in large companies. And we spend the first month of the program helping you kind of peel back the company and put it back together again. Month two, we focus on developing either your your minimal bioproduct if you're early or if you're further along, that's when the focus on growth and business model happens. And in the final month, we focus on strategic partnerships and investors. We couldn't grow and scale these companies without the ecosystem. So we not only engage the ecosystem wherever the location is, but we engage our global ecosystem. Tech stars leadership were originally engineers, as you can imagine, after this many cohorts, we collect every bit of data on every company that goes through what we're doing and what's successful and what's not. And modify our programs based upon what works best for founders. And we also use our global ecosystem and network as a mechanism to help founders reach out and meet business development people in companies around the world based upon where they want to scale. And so the beauty of having locations in so many places is we're able to use their ecosystems as well. And so I'd also like to ask another question now before we go on to the questions from the audience. What are the what are the best examples of the kind of companies you alluded to in most cases your founders are a little farther along. What are great examples of companies that have gone through the hatchery. Yeah, sorry about that the video disconnected. So we tend to work with technical co-founders or experienced experts in some domain. We focus around artificial intelligence, machine learning, natural language processing, the ability to manipulate big data for some insights or it could be in healthcare, it could be in finance, it could be in legal tech. These are all kinds of projects we've worked on. Advertising tech, they tend to be things where there's a lot of strength of the US market representative out of New York City. It's just easier for us to get a lot of the deals done. And the kinds of projects we work on, the kinds of companies we work with tend to go like this. One, we either meet with a lot of these founding teams and it could be just an idea. It doesn't have to be something that's built or it could be something that they've been working on. There's a little MVP. We sit down, we see how unique this is. We don't want the fifth iteration of something that already exists. We want something that if we were to build and go to market, there'd be no competitor or very few would be able to challenge this. It'd be one of a kind, some white space. And we would spend three to six months building it out. We have engineers who could do this. And while the engineering is happening, we would go negotiate some contracts and some partnerships early on. And then once that's all sorted, we'll go to our investor syndicate to go bring on investors. And this just continues. The other flavor is that we work with a corporation and we sit down. Similarly, we go through a problem, fantastic problem. We then go out with the market to see if this has been done before, really no competition here. Then we'll throw our engineers in the pool and start working on this again. And then engineers could either be ones that we have or maybe ones that want to join. So maybe you're one or two guys and you're like, you know, I would love to build something here in my skill sets. We'll include them in a project. And now they can be part of a founding team of something that has a lot more legs, the backing of a corporation, but done as a standalone startup. Yeah, so you're hatching new companies. Exactly. Hatchery. So to answer the question from the tech star side in terms of what kind of companies, you can go to techstars.com and we are 100% transparent and click on companies. And you can see every company that's ever gone through tech stars. You can also see how much money they've raised, but just to give like crazy across the board examples, Pillpack out of Boston, SendGrid out of Boulder, class out of New York. There's not a typical tech stars company. It's a, I think you could almost say there's typical founders and they're people that are wildly aggressive about global scale and really want to go all in on global scale. But the kinds of companies vary from robotics to software platforms to sensors to class pass. So it's all over the place. Yeah, a question is what should entrepreneurs look for when choosing your model? Do you want to make revenue soon? Do you want to get lots of corporate partners on board? Are you enterprise? We don't do consumer. Sorry. Right. So enterprise. And do you want us to do that for you?  Right. We're not going to be standing on the sidelines. We're going to be involved just like we would treat a co-founder. We bring in a ton of team members to co-participate. So it's like going from a team of two to three to all of a sudden 10 to 15. Right. Do you want to be international? Right. We have international footprint. We have capabilities to sell into entire verticals in some of these places. Turnkey. And is this something that you are okay with selling, exiting in the next few years? We may not take this all the way to IPO. Is it okay that this is not going to be a billion dollar company? Are you okay with not being on the cover of Time Magazine as a Mark Zuckerberg? Because you know what, 80% of U.S. companies sell below $200 million. So just a game of odds, you're more likely to get a base hit than you are going to get a home run. It doesn't mean that it's a bad thing. It's only in this country that $10 million makes people cry. It's really sorry that you only have $10 million. There are cases where smaller exits like a $10 million exit could make sense if you didn't take that much money. You take $10 million of money, exit at $10 million, you're in big trouble. But if you know that the exits are below $200 million and that you might have that exit at $50 million or $80 million. You only took, say, a couple of million dollars. Everyone at the table is going to win. You're going to have a nice multiple. And you could actually mathematically arrange for these situations to work out. And then work on another one. I think people could be entrepreneurs for life, constantly building things. And it's a fantastic set of experiences. Yeah, totally agree. Next to our perspective, what I think entrepreneurs should look for is understand the background of the managing director of that program. Because that is going to be your partner for three months. And the mentors that are part of that program are essentially your network for the next three months. And so I would make sure that you understand that, understand what the managing director is interested in. Most of us have kind of a pseudo thesis in terms of our own personal background, what kind of companies we're looking for. My specific interests are companies that are focused in the design and build place that need customers that are global engineering firms, global architecture firms, global construction firms. And the reason that I'm interested in those is it Kansas City is one of the top three cities in the world for those kinds of employers. So I can go out the door and allow you to do proof of concept with a number of the customers. We built 75% of the stadiums around the world from here. And so I'm interested in design and build for that reason. I'm also interested in ed tech companies because I have a strong background in the ed tech space. But I find frequently yesterday I met with a young man that flew in from India who has a massive, interesting network theory kind of a model that he's developed. I've spent years funding research on network theory, so I'm super interested. But I would make sure that you, when you're applying as an example to tech stars, we have an online application and you can note any of our accelerators that you're interested in applying for. And as I said earlier, some of them are vertically focused. If you're interested in, if you have a consumer play, we have a wonderful retail accelerator up in Minneapolis that all of the partners are obviously target and other retail outlets. Similar to Jenny's model in New York City, which is Internet of Things that has partners like GE and Autodesk and others who again can be first customers. So do a lot of research. Our site has tons of information on it, so you can pretty much find out everything that you need to know. A first question from the audience, Nicholas Bauer from South Africa asks, is there any concern that an organization will lose its identity if they partner with the wrong incubator or accelerator?  I don't think so as a quick answer. It's a program. You make what you want out of it. And I'm very familiar with the tech stars program as well. You know, besides from that, do the research. There's plenty of material out there about all the programs for these people. Can you hang out with them? Go grab a beer. Get to know these people if you can. You know, with us, it's a little bit longer commitment. We're here for the long haul. I would say if you feel like you're going to lose something, then you probably were not really into your own company to begin with, because you're not putting your 110%. At least that's in our case. We're putting our 110%. You got to put your 110%. We're going to go build this company. So the only way it would it would not work out is if you completely lost interest of your initial project. At least for us, I think you can just must speak to the tech stars and that program. Yeah, I completely agree with you. I don't really have anything to add.  There are multitude. You know, you can simply do a Google search feedback on tech stars and you would find thousands of people who have written on Cora feedback on different programs of, you know, the hatchery tech stars, whatever. There's even a wonderful blog post that someone has done that has been through both Y Combinator and tech stars that says here's the difference of Y Combinator and tech stars and I totally agree with everything that he wrote. And so you just do your research and you'll be good. We also have a question from Kenya. How can less develop places such as where I'm from in Africa create policies that will allow incubators to start and grow. I'm going to take a first hit at that because I spent a ton of time in Africa. So I think there are some really interesting things already going on in Africa. Tech stars has Cape Town accelerator Nairobi has I have that has something like the last time I was there 120,000 members or some insane number like that. Google has a really interesting Google for entrepreneurs going in Nairobi. So there's already quite a bit going on. And what's awesome about because this question is really about policies. I don't think there's any policies that are in place that are keeping you from starting accelerators or incubators. That's what's kind of awesome about different developing economies is there's much less rigor in policy for you to overcome. You just have to do it. But I do think if you're going to start something like that from scratch, reaching out to the ecosystems that are already in place, whether you are in South Africa or Nairobi is probably the strongest ecosystem in place or even Nigeria reaching out to who already is in place and linking with them versus kind of starting something on your own is super important. Any thoughts that you have on that topic. Yeah. No, I completely agree. Okay. We have a question from Unitec and Honduras. What tips do you have for building a successful incubator? I think actually my answer is going to be what I think is going to be successful for all ventures. I think it's relationships. Your Rolodex, the people that you know, the people that will come out and support you and do things and partner. If you don't have that, it's not going to go anywhere. You're going to need to do partnerships with corporations. You're going to need advisors, mentors. You're going to need to hire salespeople. You're going to hire good people. You're going to need to put engineering teams. It's all people in the end, these things, all these tech, anything, it still rolls down to people. And so do you have enough relationships there to feed the well of 10, 20, 1,000 companies, right? And don't you think I've seen in countries all over the world, not just developing countries, people start an accelerator or an incubator program that have actually never been an entrepreneur and or, you know, a business person in general and it doesn't work. I mean, if you have not seen a movie play out in terms of how to start and grow something, I think it's super hard to be the expert and try to help others to do that. So I would find dysphora, people who have left Honduras that have become entrepreneurs and see if you can recruit them back. You use a network in that capacity. I think they've done a great job of that in South Africa and in Kenya of trying to use the network of entrepreneurs that have left to come back and coach and mentor and things like that. And it's worked pretty well. An online viewer is also asked, is there anything entrepreneurs should know or any steps they can take to make their time working with an accelerator or incubator most useful? It depends on what stage. I mean, I'll speak for ourselves because I think your program will address the other half of the question here. For us, for it to be useful, you need to be able to come in with a skill and get ready to build stuff. There's no breaks in the beginning. For the first six months, everyone's working their asses off. After that, once the product's up and running, you have more people on the plate, it starts to get a little bit easier. Wanting to be open, working with a team.  You have to be a little social. You're going to be working with a lot of people and maturity actually on our end. We're dealing with enterprise. We're dealing with much larger companies, more serious people. And yes, we may come from tech where it's T-shirt and jeans all day, but you're going to have to work with these people that might be very different. Yeah, and I think all I would have to add is we spend a great deal of time through our recruiting and application process with founders. I'm really interested in what is your motivation. And frankly, I don't care if you're in this for the next 10 years and you want to build a global company or you want to do something for the next five years in exit. I don't really care about either of those things, but I care how much you know about the problem that you're trying to solve. I care how much you understand and have paid attention to what else is in the marketplace. If you don't know who your competitors are, that's like a warning signal to me. I care that the founders have worked together for a long time or known each other for a time so that they have experienced good and bad because the life of an early stage company is a roller coaster and you will want to jump off the train on many days. And so you need to be able to fight and be okay because it's essentially being married, being co-founders. And so I care much more and I think Techstars in general, we care much more about the founding team than we actually even do about your company. Because companies can be molded to different things based on like your overall vision and goal, how you get there could be completely different. But we care about you and what you bring to the table. Okay, IRC Kinshasa, I'm sorry if I've screwed up that name, asks after a company goes through an incubator, they will need money. What's the best way to get connected to a network of investors in the developing world? Do you want to go or you want me to? Let's say three-part question, right? So with us, you don't leave, we're married, we're not dating, we're married, so that's a little different. You guys are slightly different so you can answer to that part. The second part of the question is the money, well we'll bring the money, so that's for us, that's what it works. But if you're trying to go out and get money, you need to, there's web platforms you could do, that's global. So in developing worlds, honestly, the people with the money are the people you're going to talk to, so the first step is usually the angel network. Angels in translation are rich people, that's it, very bluntly, okay? So it might be a business owner, it could be a very prominent lawyer, it could be find someone who's passionate with your project and see if this is something that they're interesting. But you want to go about it as you are building a relationship, this is not an ATM machine, you just walk up to them and stick your hand out. Again, relationships, right?  And this again is where relationships come into place, because you may not know anyone, it might be you sit back six months, eight months just trying to meet the right people. It's good to see if you have advisors that could help you into these new countries, it's good to maybe think about this before you get started. If you're trying to build something that's going to take $20 million in order for you to be successful, right? $20 won't cut it, $2 million won't cut it, you need $20 million. If you don't have a plan for that, then this may not be the right fit for you at this time, right? Or maybe you're a way to build your company in smaller tranches and smaller steps. And maybe you can prove that it works in your region, in your city, and then grow out to your country or the rest of the continent, or maybe another country, another region. It can be done in baby steps and you can raise a little bit of money along the way, and that's fine as well. It really depends on what your goals are, how fast you want to go, and how hard and how long you can stand out for all this. But funding in the end, funding, I think, despite the technologies that are out there, is still, again, a network of relationships, people you know, people who can introduce you to others, people who believe in you, people who, when they hear your project or your company think that this is amazing, I need to tell everyone else about this. So you either have that capability to persuade or have those networks from the beginning. Some of these programs could be helpful as they do the demo days. But beyond that, you've got to figure it out and best to do that before you get into it. Yeah.  If you applied and we invested in you, we would essentially teach you how to develop a strategy on raising money and use our network to help you raise money as the outcome of our program. I would tell you that there are great examples in developing economies of companies raising capital. One of my favorite entrepreneurs is Eric Persma, who's in Nairobi and is on second company, not as first. Both of whom raised angel capital from the United States and has raised a significant amount of money and is on to an ed tech company all from the base of Nairobi. So as Gail just said, it's about having a network of entrepreneurs and frankly, I mean, investors and frankly finding investors who understand the problem that you're trying to solve and immediately say, I'm totally in for that. And I want to solve it in your part of the world. Other examples that we're seeing and this, you know, I think people didn't think this was going to work at what time, but it's working now. My favorite company is called Paula. It's on the ground in LA and its market is continent of Africa in the Philippines and very, very small team in LA founded by Sharon, Shivani Sharia. And it is completely focused on ex US market, but she started it here because she can get the right investors. Google Ventures is one of her around investors and so that she could frankly get the right access to the right talent and team. But the market is on the ground in Africa in the Philippines and it's amazing and she's doing great. Let's see a online viewer ask how does an entrepreneur know when they are ready to break from working with a accelerator incubator and move out on their own. Well, okay, so with us you don't break. We're part of the team, right? So we're going to solve whatever problem we're going to do together. But with programs that are out there, I don't think it's a break. It's the next iteration because you can still they can still call you or there's other programs out there. You still have a connection. There's still alumni network. Don't think of building a company as like a three month process and then I stop and I enter another six month process and I stop and I go into another 17 month. It's not like that.  That's it. This is your new life. It's like having a child. It's not like, oh, it's two years. This is your child. This is your baby. You're going to feed it. You're going to grow it. There's going to be more people. It just moves into transitions. It might get larger. And the whole time all you're doing is thinking, how am I going to get it more customers and audience? How am I going to grow it so that there's more employees to do more work and help me make it bigger? How can I get into more places? It's just really the expansion of opportunities that I don't think there's a start and a stop anywhere in the middle of all. It's just the expansion of opportunities. Yeah. Totally agree. And my response is the accelerator programs of tech stars are 90 day programs.  We are together for 24 seven for 90 days. And at the beginning of that, you obviously become alumni of tech stars. We believe tech stars is tech stars for life. We've had multiple examples of founders coming back through with new companies. We have a new engine that you have access to once you are accepted and part of tech stars forever. We have annual business development days where we bring corporate partners together. We just had one in October. We had something like 80 corporate partners from across the country. Entrepreneurs show up to do office hours. We have investor days. And those happen ongoing and you can come back and participate in that at any time. We have tech stars alumni events in once a month in cities where we operate. And so as founders move around, they then create linkages to cities where we have tech stars and it enables them to build their own network as well. The innovation center in Kosovo. And I have dear friends in Kosovo. I hope this is you. How do you engage with companies and smaller incubators and companies in countries like ours? Is there a proactive approach or do you expect companies to come to you? So we did choose some, maybe not the obvious cities, Prague. I mean, these are capitals, right? So we're in Prague. It's smaller compared to New York. We sit near people. I literally just make myself available and I listen to smart people talk. We found a team of engineers and all friends. They wanted to build something. They tried doing a startup of their own. And we found them. It's like, wow, you guys are really smart.  We get along over beer and love their ideas. And so just got to know them over some time and said, why don't you join one of our companies that is just starting out? Let me introduce you to the CEO and then they form a team. They don't have to leave their homes. They stay in Prague. We have an office there. They work out of there and the US executives are selling the product and they're very excited that because it's something they never would have been able to do. It would never have been able to get themselves over to New York, you know, do all the things of being in New York and then figuring how to sell to these large agencies and media companies. Those too many steps would take too long, right? And so we've now we have a US prompt team and it came because we were just like each other, right? Constantly looking for individual technical people. At the same time, we meet with startups there as well that may or may be doing well just in within Prague or Czech Republic. They've not grown out very far out. The pricing model might be really inexpensive for a global market. So we start to work with them because we like the technology, like the people. It's simple, same model. It's just like a dual city launch of founders kind of we found and the market is always always New York, always US at least to start.  But I think what's happening now for us in Turkey is that we can actually take our products and launch into entire industry verticals out of there. And it's going to open up a lot more opportunities for that region. That's awesome. And for tech stars, yes, you would have to come to one of our locations. We recruit globally. I have a recruiting trip to South Africa in March. I'm going to North Carolina this week. So I'm absolutely location agnostic as are my colleagues around the world. And so we accept applications from anywhere in the world and look forward to them. I have another question from in this time. I can I can pronounce it correctly. IRC can Shasa. Yeah. Do you have any Africa continent experience? I do not. Okay. Done. Okay. Alexander from Russia asks, do you have any experience accelerating tech companies focused on providing services and partnering with NGOs? Partnering NGOs, it really just depends on what you want to do. I mean, we do a lot of partnerships. That needs to be a little bit more specific, you know, business wise, probably not event wise, programming wise, probably makes a lot of sense. From the investment standpoint, sure. We don't have any like NGO products, although I'll say something. We are trying to build a new application to help reach more voters in the US to make voting more efficient and probably throw that out as a nonprofit. Oh, that's awesome. Yeah. Tech stars does infrequently, but we do accept not for profits infrequently. But in terms of working with NGOs, I think there's been multiple occasions of companies that have been launched who will partner with NGOs, especially in the healthcare space in places like Africa. There's also even some interesting, I think drone models out there that are partnering with NGOs who will be first customers because they're part of the supply chain in those kinds of countries. So yes, but probably not as a customer, but more as a part of the supply chain process in most cases. Yeah, an online viewer asked, can an incubator help my small startup expand my market access? That's the point. That's all we do. But I just need to know who you are and what it is that you do. I can tell you in five minutes if it's something that we think we're going to mesh well with, you know, just have to know what it is. People approach us all the time. We're very accessible online in person, easy to talk to. And but we're very, you know, specific in the things that will work. Yeah. And I would say the same thing for tech stars, obviously, but we also are finding more frequently that as an example, a company that wants to scale maybe has already scaled in the US, but wants to scale in Eastern Europe, or as we will find with us. Australia wants to scale in that part of the world will join a tech stars accelerator in that part of the world to get like massive quick access to the market and scale in that way. Same thing with companies that are located outside the United States but want to be able to scale inside the United States. We have a significant high percentage of Africans that are from outside the United States for that reason. Another question. Yeah, I think I don't see any more questions online. But another question that I was thinking about is, are there resources that entrepreneurs can use to decide an accelerator to help them think about how to start up and grow their company. Oh, there's tons of workshops. I think they start up have some programs all over the world and read a book, watch a movie, you have your mind into it like wanting to do it is step one. Yeah, having a good idea step to and look, it doesn't have to come from your head. They can come from a partner or someone else. In the end, you're not going to be there by yourself anyway, but if anything goes right, you'd be surrounded with another 100 people, and you're going to have to accept other people's inputs. And so, maybe it's you and a friend, it's friends idea and you guys do it together. You know, there's a ton of events everywhere. Maybe you live in a part of the world where it's not as easily available. If you can afford it, get on a plane and go somewhere for a couple weeks and immerse yourself, if that's what you need to get to get motivated, join a program. But understand this, the world is global. I don't think anyone can stand in their own little part of the world and think that that's all it's going to be. So, experience it, see what's out there, you know, travel, meet other people, make friends. At some point, you're going to need to leave for good reasons, you know, to grow. And so, you know, start with that early. Okay, great. I see one more question on here. Does Techstars have a incubator accelerator program in South America? And the answer is not yet, but we have a significant presence in South Africa through our startup weekend network. And so, I would reach out to there's people in Brazil, in Mexico City, in Chile, in Argentina that are all attached to startup weekend or startup week. So, simply go online and you can ask that question on our Techstars website or you can just search for them. And I think you just heard from, yeah, the importance of Go Global and do all of your research. Some very specific resources I would suggest is, as she said, Eric Reese's Lean Startup book, amazing. The Kauffman Foundation is a great resource, founder school that's all online stuff. I would say if you're raising money and you have to take outside investment, the very most important book that you should read is Venture Deals by Brad Feld. He provides complete transparency into all the things that have ever gone wrong for everyone else, so that you can learn from other people's mistakes and hopefully not make them yourselves. So, I think that's all we have time for today. Thanks for joining us. And please tune in again on March 14 at the same time for a discussion titled Overcoming Challenges Facing Your Startup. It will be available in both English and Spanish. And thank you, Yau, for participating and be awesome. Thanks for having me. Okay, thanks guys. Bye-bye.


Hi everybody, it's Sam at Mixed Up Craft. Thank you for watching today. This is the May hobby-based club kit that I receive each month and I do know that this is a wedding theme, so I thought what better day to show you what's inside than of the day of the Royal Wedding. So Prince Harry and Meghan are getting married today. So let's have a little look inside because I think I'm going to be showing you some lovely wedding inspired projects over the next coming weeks. So this is called, so we always get the inspirational leaflet. So this is happily ever after is this month's box. Inside, yep, you get your three, there's one on the back there, so you get three card ideas. So I can see there that we're going to have a pretty gatefold. I'm already excited because I can see what we're going to be getting. So that's that. So we've got Nouveau Drops. I don't recognise this colour. I don't think I've got this one. Jewel Drops. Pale Periwinkle. I don't have that one, so that's good. Something nice to add to my stash. We have Cascading Hearts 6x6 stencil by Sweet Dixie. So that's a really nice one, and it's thick. I've used the Sweet Dixie ones before and they are thick, so they're great for embossing paste as well, so that's going to be good. Here we've got hundreds and hundreds of three millimetre adhesive pearls. That's by Simply Creative. I got the gold faceted ones last month, the month before that. I had what ones did I have? Another set. I've got tiny little one millimetre ones, so I've really got a nice stash of embellishments. These, again, by Simply Creative. These are the Paper Blossoms. I haven't used these ones, but I've used similar before, and these are good because they take to your ink dye, so you can just dip your blending brush in your dye, your ink pad, sorry, and then add it onto this, and you can change the colours of these, which is great. And also, with a little bit of water, if you dip the colour on the tips, it will bleed in, and you can just dry them with your heat gun, so they're going to be really nice to play around with. We've got an ink pad. This is Wedding Ever After. This is, again, I've used Dewcraft's ink pads before. This is the Metallic ink pad. I've got the red, green, and navy, I think. I've not got Metallic, so again, that's going to be really nice to use with this wedding theme. Got a cool little stamp there, Happily Ever After. So that's good. Duffcraft ones, they're really nice stamps as well. Then we've got the Hobby Base Rose Dye. I've used this a lot, so this is going to be nice, again, to incorporate, because it has become one of my favourites now of the dyes. We've got a big 6x6 embossing folder here. This is a really nice, you can see the pattern there. That's going to look lovely. Looking forward to using that. Then we have got, I've not seen these before. I've never used these. These are Fest Edition paper cuts. These have already been laser cut by the looks of things. Then you just cut, I imagine, these little attaching lines. Then you've got these lovely little embellishments. They are really nice. Again, I imagine you can colour those as well. That is good. I don't know if it's just the one in there. It's already showing you on the back. You can colour them and how they're going to be used. Looking forward to looking into that more. Then it looks like the card base is paper. This is lovely. You see, this has got a shine to it. There we go. That is gorgeous. I do love a gatefold card. I've already got something in mind now. An idea has popped in my head already. That's that one. This is that other one. This is gorgeous. It hasn't been taken out yet, so it's a normal open. But then on the front, I think, let me just try. You just carefully pull that apart on that bottom one. You have another window. It needs to be scored or burnished there, so I don't want to pull it yet. But you can see, and these all come out, so that's going to be really pretty. With its envelope, you usually get three to match the three cards. Another one. That's nice. It's inside as well. It's really shiny. Smooth even, sorry. It's like a smooth craft card. More of a camel colour, so that's nice. Then we've got papers. I recognise some of the papers. I've got a little bit cool there. This one here, this is nice again. It's got that sheen to it. That's pretty. This one here is fabric. It's like a... I think I recognise what paper pad this may be from, but it's actually textured that one. That's really nice. Again, that matches the embossing folder, so that's going to be really nice to work with. Again, the really subtle, I like these. That's kind of like a wall effect on the back there. These are the V&A collection papers. These are original prints from fabrics, textiles and things from the museum. I already have a lot of these, so this is just going to be great to add to my stash, but it means that I can make even more, so you can just see there all those prints that we've got. That is a really, really cool kit this month. I've already got lots of ideas. It's good because I need to do some wedding craft things. That's going to be good, so I'll pop all that back in there. I'm really looking forward to using them. That is this month's kit. I have until the 21st of every month to register for the following month's box. For example, this month you've got until the 21st of May to get June's box and so on and so forth. If you are interested all the links, as always, are shared in the video description below. I look forward to crafting with this box. I look forward to watching the Royal Wedding later as well, so there you go. I hope you like what's inside and like I said, if you do want to find out more just check the links below. Thanks for watching, bye!


السلام عليكم ورحمة الله وبركاته وركم to إحقام SOS the Ramadan edition I'm your host Mosin Shah and with me is Sheikh Ali Baash السلام عليكم الشيخنة السلام عليكم ورحمة الله الحمد لله بخير شيخنة let us continue our discussion on the إحقام by Sadik Shirazi on SOM and let us let me ask you what is the Makru Haat with SOM إن شاء الله أعوض بالله السميع عن عليم من الشيطان الرجيم بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم وصل الله على محمد وآله الطيبين الطاهرين الله صلى الله عليه وسلم ورحمه ورحمه ورحمه ما يوجد فيه as there are forbidden acts in which invalidates the fast there are also Makru Haat the dislikes in this wajib as we have this issue in other Ibadat in Salah for example there are Makru Haat in Salah dislikes also with this regard we have for the one who is in the state of fasting he must also better for him you know it's Makru means sometimes less reward less thawab sometimes you get less thawab and reward because you did this Makru a dislike something that Allah didn't like so there are people who are seeking for perfection in this world those who wish to elevate in the high ranks of morality and spirituality exactly and to perfect their soul and purify their soul from any act of wrongdoing for example and bad manners and of course we have and we have so with regard to the fasting there are Makru Haat let's begin with the first one the first Makru in regard to the fasting is to use eye drop in the eyes that's Makru sometimes it reaches the throat sometimes so what are you saying it doesn't evaluate the fast it doesn't break the fast but it's better to not do it exactly it's Makru to use the eye drops in overall that's one of the Makru Haat we try to avoid it so we try to use it in the night time or before the Suhoor of Fejr time for example and the better we apply these the more we get of course the rewards and less we get the consequences now the second Makru in this regard is to use kuhl in the eye so something like a mascara but as kuhl goes inside the eye the black kuhl and that is especially if the taste reaches the throat sometimes you use that kuhl and it reaches the throat the taste so that's Makru to apply it so if you want to apply it let's say as a female they can apply it at night they are free to use it but in the daytime the Qiyam time it's better to avoid using the kuhl the third Makru is to do anything which causes weakness to the one's body so let's say doing Qujama for example go into the gym anything that weakens the one's body and excessive exercise excessive exercise let's say whatever causes the person to be in the state of exhaustion and tiredness to avoid it because you are in the state of fasting it's only 29 or 30 days in the year and that's your opportunity to fast and to give your soul and body an exercise and training so we try to avoid these things so don't go over the top exactly or just keep it to minimal exactly just a few minutes let's say and if you want to do let's say Qujama or blood test for example and that affects you do it in the nighttime or do it after the month of Ramadan if that case is able to be done the fourth Makru is also to use some kind of nozzle sprays okay in which it does not reach the throat because if it reaches the throat then it will make the fasting void so the nozzle spray in which does not reach the throat it's just to use it sometimes for medical purposes for example so if you got a block nose or something exactly it's better to use it at nighttime again so that's Makruh to be used in the daytime of the month of Ramadan also the fifth Makruh is to smell the scent of plants okay there are particular plants which has specific smells and it is mentioned in some of the fiqh books that one of the plants which has scent in a specific smell that they used in the old days they used to smell it to make it not to feel thirsty just takes away the thirst the feeling of thirst okay so they smell it and if they are feeling thirsty that will actually go from them so that could be one of the reasons okay so we try to avoid smelling the plants which have specific scents yes another number six Makruh is for specifically for the woman to sit inside the water oh so let's say it's sitting inside a pond of water okay or a pool for example and so forth that's Makruh for the woman to do so the seventh Makruh is to use not the liquid injection as we mentioned the enema which makes the the fasting void but the Makruh is to use a solid injection okay for the purpose of treating that specific exactly that location of the body so the liquid is not allowed as I mentioned the enema but the solid one is allowed but it's Makruh to be used okay which is called الحقن الجامد so we try to avoid it in the daytime for the month from Allah the eighth Makruh is to make your clothes moist and wet while you're fasting especially if you're in the summertime you need to cool down your body due to the overheat so that's Makruh again to make your clothes wet and moist that's one of the Makruhat the ninth Makruh is to pull your teeth out and whatever causes bleeding in your mouth so it could be to do the teeth or even gums for example treating your gums in the daytime when you go to the dentist for example so it's better to avoid the dentist either in the month from Allah or you go in the nighttime if they are open otherwise it's Makruh you can but you have to make sure that nothing goes inside your throat no liquid goes inside your throat which makes you fast yes exactly the number 10 of the Makruhat is to brush your teeth with the wet mswaq mswaq as mentioned as swaq or even the brush itself so it's Makruh to brush with the wet to bring moisture back into the mouth exactly to bring the moisture outside moisture inside your teeth of course if you swallow this external moist or wetness inside your throat then that will avoid and makes your so invalid and number 11 is to put water and rinse out the water in your mouth some people like to cool themselves down so they put water inside their mouth and then they rinse out that's Makruh you have to avoid this Makruh and of course if there's no reason sometimes there's a reason that's fine you for example inhale or sniff water inside your mouth inside your nose for example that's fine that's for the purpose of مستحب or even you put water in your mouth for the Wulu but other than that for no reason that's Makruh to do so so these are the main Makruhat we have two more Makruh let me mention it again one of the Makruhat for those who are married for the couples is to avoid kissing each other so for the for example it's mainly for the for the husband for the male that it's Makruh for him to kiss his wife while he is in the state of fasting as I've mentioned previously that in the nighttime they're free so in the daytime it's Makruh for them to do this act and better to avoid it number 13 and the last one whatsoever that triggers the last and temptation so we try to avoid it if I think that looking at let's say even the wife the Halal look would rose the the Shahu and the last then I have to avoid it so anything that raises and roses the the last and temptation I try to avoid it's Makruh and of course if that was with the intention of ejaculation the looking or the touching then that's definitely will makes the soul battle as the said as the obligatory precaution أحوط so it's important that we try to avoid it in this holy month in the daytime at least because in the nighttime you're free but in the daytime these are Makruh and we try to avoid reaching the situation where we commit these breaking of the fast and eventually we end up with doing the Qada and sometimes paying the Qafara as well so we try to avoid it so prevention is the best cure exactly you know you've mentioned Makruh what about the most what do you think you know you recommend for us to do Ramadan while fasting well mustahabbat in the month of Ramadan is the best time for the one to apply the mustahab and also avoid the Makruh it's the best time for the one to practice get this opportunity to practice the mustahab so you need to add up as a plus as an addition to the Wajib and Haram is to also refrain from the Makruh and practice and implement the mustahab as well it's the best place place and time and especially if you are in a holy shrine let's say you're in Ziyara for example it's the best place and the best time the month of Ramadan to apply the mustahabbat so for example for the saim for the one who is fasting it's mustahab to have the perfume and the narration says that it's a gift for the one who is fasting using and applying perfume other mustahabbat masha'Allah plenty reading the Holy Quran we try to finish one juz of Quran as much as we can a day there are mustahab prayers in every night so you have to look back مفاتح جنان for example to see the prayers the prayers of the first night mustahab let's say you read this much of particular Surah for example you repeat that Surah and so forth other nights the four rak'a it reaches up to eight rak'a for example and so forth we try to as much as we can apply these mustahabbat in this holy month so we can elevate spiritually and gain the perfection level as much as we can reading the Quran as I've mentioned helping the poor paying charity that's the best opportunity feeding those who are in need for example even if those who are in need let's say they might be relatives invite them for iftar for example those who are for example friends, family and also the bond of kinship Salatul Rahim again it's the best time and month for the one to link this bond and reconnect with his relatives and Aqareb it's the best month also reading دعاء the دعاء of افتتاح for example every night you have plenty of دعاء ما شاء الله for the month of Ramadan in صحيفة سجاد from سجاد عليه السلام plenty of ادعية you can read and it's the best time I think to refer back to these books of ادعية to ponder not only just to read the dua and move on because you can't understand Arabic together translation of the dua and try to understand the meanings of each line of that dua and of course for the one to make his اخلاق better in this month again a great opportunity to make your manners and morality better and better in this month if I used to get angry many times during the day then in this month I try to reduce it day by day if I used to let's say اعوذ بالله God forbid I swear or lie or backbite in this month is the time where I can reduce them and so forth that's the best opportunity for purification of the soul of the mind from the bad thoughts sometimes some people have corrupt thoughts about the belief for example in أهلبيت عليه السلام for example discuss with with علامة and so forth listen to the lectures that's the best opportunity I think if we spend a few hours a day in the month of Ramadan on these aspects I think by the end of the month will achieve a great change إن شاء الله إن شاء الله إن شاء الله thank you very much and thank you to all the viewers at home for joining us on احقام SOS إن شاء الله today's episode specifically would have benefited you a lot and إن شاء الله we pray and we hope that your Ramadan experience brings you a peak of spirituality and a peak of takwa إن شاء الله السلام عليكم ورحمة الله وبركاته


Namaskara. I am Dr. Marli Nath, orthopedic surgeon working in Manipal Hospital, Bangalore. Blood transfusion is not required nowadays unless patient has a low hemoglobin before the surgery. If he has got a less blood before the surgery, we have to transfuse the blood. Because in the manual invasive replacement surgery, the tissue damage will be less. Surgery takes less time and the blood transfusion is not required.


So many of you want to come to the Philippines. I had no idea guys My last video was about do you want to come to the Philippines and work with the freedom team all expenses paid? If we choose you to join us and so many of you wanted to come here So I'm gonna give you a taste of what it means to come to the Philippines. Let's start with two reasons Hi, my name is Avi and the one I'm going to sing for you So why do I have two kids singing for you because if you come to the Philippines as a single male or Female there is a good chance. You may get married and have kids That's what happened to a few other people. I know that I've come here Henrik and it may happen to you of course We'll do a more serious video explaining exactly what it means to be in the Philippines prices of gas of Electricity schools and everything you need to know health insurance place to stay price of the Transportation here, and I'll make a series of videos to educate you all about the Philippines Because so many of you want to come here and work with us Stay tuned for more episodes on the George show unedited She'll be here all week Now


Then a unicellular organism undergoes cell division or basically fission. We get more cells and as a result we get brand new individual unicellular organisms and therefore this is a method of reproduction for them. However, in multicellular organisms cell division just gives us more cells. We don't get brand new individuals and therefore this will not work as a reproduction method for multicellular organisms. And therefore in this video we are going to focus on the reproductive methods for multicellular organisms. Specifically we are going to focus on these three budding, fragmentation and spore formation. In the next video we will talk about vegetative propagation in great detail and if you are wondering in a previous video we have talked about fission, we have talked about binary and multiple fission in the previous video. So you can feel free to go and watch that if you missed that. Anyways, so let's talk about these three and we are going to start with budding. So what's budding? Let's take an example to understand this. Take an example of a sea creature called Hydra. This is what it looks like under a microscope. Let me make a drawing of that. Here it is. When this sea creature, Hydra, which is a multicellular organism, once it starts Once it is mature, that is it's ready for reproduction, what we will see is a tiny outgrowth from a particular part of its body. This outgrowth is what we call a bud. This process is called budding. As time passes by we see that the bud starts growing into a tiny new baby Hydra. Again, here's a picture to show you that. Here's an actual picture under microscope. You can see a new baby Hydra growing over here as a bud. Again, let me get rid of that. And then eventually this keeps on growing and growing. And once it becomes big enough, it gets detached from the parent body. And finally, we now have a brand new Hydra. So this is how budding happens. Now an important thing to note is as this baby Hydra grows, we will see it's going to look exactly the same as its father or its mother. Now because there are no fathers or mothers here, there is no gender over here, we're just going to call it his parent. So the offspring is going to look exactly like the parent. Why is that? Because this is an asexual reproduction. There is no DNA mixing like in sexual reproduction since the DNA is going to be exactly the same. We will see this will be identical to this. Now remember because this is an asexual reproduction, that means the offspring is going to look exactly the same as its father or mother, no we're just going to call it as parent because there is no gender over here. So in asexual reproduction, the offsprings look like clones of their parents. Remember that. Anyways, some unicellular organisms can also undergo budding. Let me show you that. Let me just make this a little small. Alright, okay. So if you take the example of yeast, then you see yeast also when it matures and it's ready to reproduce, it grows a small bud and then that bud separates out and you get a new individual. Now when I first learned this, I thought, hey, isn't budding the same thing as fission? Even in fission, cell division is happening. This looks like cell division, right? Well, there's a big difference. You see, when cell division happens, when fission happens, one cell splits into two new offsprings. Alright, but over here, that's not happening. You see a new offspring is growing from the parent and then it separates out. So this is the original parent itself and this is the offspring. But if this was fission, when fission happens, then that original cell itself divides into two new offsprings and that original parent is no longer there. Okay, does that make sense? So there's a difference between budding and fission. This now brings us to the next type of reproduction called fragmentation. What's that? Well, again, let's take an example. Let's, this time, take the example of spirogera. Spirogera is basically a green algae. It looks somewhat like this again under a microscope. And again, if I take a drawing of this, when spirogera matures and it's ready to reproduce, you know what happens to it? It basically just splits into many pieces and that's the reason it's called fragmentation. Basically, spirogela splits into many fragments. And then, and then each of this fragment starts growing the rest of its body. And that is the cool thing about spirogera. It starts growing the rest of its body. And as a result, we now see three, in this example, three new spirogeras. Well, I think that's the prurer for that. Okay, anyways, you have three new offsprings, three new individuals from one. That's the idea behind fragmentation. And by the way, this process of re-growing your entire body or re-growing parts of the body, this process is often called regeneration because you're regenerating parts of your body. And so in this type of reproduction, when the organism matures, they just fragment themselves into tiny pieces, and then the each piece regenerates to grow its entire body. So are there any other wonderful creatures that can do the same thing? The answer is yes. Let me give you some more examples. Let me make space for them. Okay, another famous example, which can do this, is planaria. It's a type of flatworm. Again, when planaria matures, it just sheds off its tail, this part. And then the two halves grow, regenerate the rest of their body, and then now you have two planaria. Another famous example is starfish. Even that can undergo this kind of asexual reproduction. Again, when it matures, it'll just get rid of one of its arms. And then this original starfish will regrow the arm, and that arm will start regrowing the entire starfish. And that's how we now have a new offspring. Now another cool thing about this is, even if the organisms didn't fragment all by themselves, but if some external forces chopped them into pieces, let's say for example, we humans go and chop them into tiny, tiny pieces, even in that case, we will find that each piece will regenerate and grow individual bodies. And it turns out some Australian fishermen discovered this the hard way. Turns out that their local water bodies were infested with starfishes.  They thought they had killed it. Turns out no, you can guess what happened next. Each of those pieces started regrowing, regenerating, and the population of the starfish exploded. So even if you chop them into tiny pieces, they can still regenerate. Now one thing to remember over here is, even though some organisms can regenerate, that's not their preferred method of reproduction. For example, even in the case of Hydra, if you chop them up, then each piece can regenerate into new individuals. However, Hydra doesn't do that all by itself. And it's for that reason, we won't say that Hydra reproduces by regeneration or this particular method of fragmentation and regeneration. The second thing to remember is that regeneration itself cannot be termed as reproduction. And here's the reason why. In some cases, like let's say a lizard, now if you chop off its tail, let's say if the tail comes off, then this lizard can regenerate a new tail. So this is regeneration. But this tail cannot regenerate the entire body. So in this case, regeneration is happening, but this is not reproduction. We're not getting new individual over here. So in general, we will not say regeneration is the same thing as reproduction. We will say if animals or organisms prefer to fragment themselves or all by themselves when they mature, and then if each one can regenerate into new individual beings, only then we will say it's reproduction. Lastly, this brings us to spore formation. The famous example for this is a fungus called bread mold. Again, we're looking at it under the microscope over here. And you might know about this. If you take a piece of bread and you just leave it outside, and if it's moist, you see a lot of fungus growing on that. Well, that's basically this bread mold. Again, let me make a drawing of this. So here's what a bread mold would look like if you zoom in and look under a microscope. And the technical name for this is called the rhizopus. It's a little weird name. And the way I like to remember this is I see this rising part over here. And I think of this as the pus part, even though it's not. So rhizopus, rhizopus helps me remember what the technical name is. Okay, but let me just tell you what's the actual name of these things. This rising part is called the hyphae. Okay, you may have to remember this for your exams. This is called the hyphae. And this top part, this hyphae, by the way, is not the reproductive part, okay? The top part, this blob-like structure that you can see over here, that part is the reproductive part and it's called sporangia. Sporangia. These are the only two names, labels that you need to remember over here. And sporangia, as you can see, these dotted things contain these dotted things are called spores, okay? Spores are kind of like seeds that they have the ability to grow into new rhizopus, new bread mold, but they're not seeds. We call them as spores. They have very thick walls to protect them. And so when this bread mold matures, this sporangia will just release those spores into the air and then when the spores find a moist surface, the bread needs, this fungus needs a moist surface to grow, okay? So when these spores find a moist surface, they will regrow, they will grow into new bread molds and that's how reproduction happens over here. This is basically why moist bread will grow fungus very fast. So that's pretty much it. So to quickly summarize, in budding, what happens? Well, we have an outgrowth with this called a bud that bud starts growing into a new individual and eventually when it's big enough, it splits from its parent and we have now a new offspring. In fragmentation, the organisms just fragment themselves and then each fragment grows into a new part and this process is called regeneration. And even if they get chopped up externally, artificially by some environmental means, even those fragments can still regrow. But remember, not all regeneration is the same thing as reproduction, as we saw in the example of the lizard. And finally, in spore formation, the famous example of bread mold, what happens is when this thing matures, lots of spores are released into the air and when the spores get a moist surface, each of them can start growing into a new bread mold.


And I'll be completed as well Turn me up All eyes on me, they got their eyes on me My vulnerability was for your eyes only It's really envy, ain't no L-O-V-E Hey, but they can't control, hey, but you can be I got trolls, I got trolls, I got trolls I got enemies, foes, I got all of the above You hooked on me like I'm some kind of drug Even though I heard you keep coming back from all Time's a chaotic, you evenin' smilein' You smilein', you sweetin', you ridein' the day You was flyin', all you do was gossip Stop gettin' me, why I'm zippin' me You're not foolin' next minute, you hate me, hey I was trendin' before you tried to date me, yeah Crazy love, got way too fuckin' crazy, hey New beginnings, a good thing that we anger Who always play that blame game, hey Why you always tryin' to point the finger at me You ain't never gon' change, you manipulate Yeah, I cross-pass with a fuckin' psycho pass So I blocked your number, blocked your number Only the cramps in a putt Time's a chaotic, you evenin' smilein' Even when you smilein', you sweetin', you ridein' the day You was flyin', all you do was gossip Stop gettin' me Narcissists, they are very negative They are always focusing on the absence Rather than the presence of distinguishing features And that is what makes them so harmful And unpleasant to be around They have a pessimistic, defeatist attitude Which affects everyone they come into contact with They always express who implied denial Disagreement or refusal They are always in opposition to you They always express resistance or dissent In action or argument And that is what makes them so toxic That is why they're so unpleasurable to be around They'll be havin' a great day And feelin' good about yourself But then they come around Expressing their negativity They start expressing unnecessary hate Or making discipline from comments about someone or something And then you start to take on that energy You start to absorb it And then you begin to feel miserable And dissatisfied with your situation Even though before they came around You were feelin' great You had no problems Nothing to feel bad about No matter how great your situation may be They will always find something wrong with it Because rather than being grateful And celebrating the good things in life Toxic people are always focused on the negative They are always lookin' for something that you are missing Rather than something that you possess The reason for this Is because they feel that they are deficient in something So when you express or display your happiness and satisfaction It triggers them to reflect on their deficiencies And how they are miserable or dissatisfied with their lives And they don't want to reflect on that They spend their entire lives Doing everything they can to ignore how they really feel So rather than reflecting on their own deficiencies They have to point out something that they believe you are missing They have to project their feelings of misery and dissatisfaction onto you And that is why, whenever you are around these types of people You begin to feel the same way as they do But once they have unloaded their toxic shame And feelings of inadequacy onto you Suddenly they begin to feel better about themselves Everything toxic people do Is an attempt to make themselves feel better To unload all of their negativity onto you So that they don't have to deal with it They need to identify that their negativity has nothing to do with you They feel miserable They feel dissatisfied Just remember how great you felt before they came along That's how you really feel But they have to trick you Into taking on their thoughts and feelings about the situation Which is really nothing more than an expression Of how they really feel about themselves And then you begin to think and feel in the same way that they do This is why it is so important to separate yourself from toxic people Both positive and negative energy are contagious What the toxic person is thinking or feeling Will have an effect on you It will infect you Being around a toxic person Is very unfavourable to someone who is positive But for the toxic person It gives them an opportunity to unload their negativity Which is why people say that misery loves company When toxic people are around you They dump their misery onto you So that they can feel better about themselves Protect your energy It is very valuable And that is why toxic people will try to take it from you They need it to survive Without it, they would self destruct Limit the time you spend around toxic people Take time each day to refuel your energy levels Practice gratitude And practice self love It is your greatest defence against toxic people Talk to you soon