Welcome to the Hindu News Analysis by Shankarai's Academy. Today as part of our news analysis, with reference to the discussion of the displayed articles, we'll be seeing about legal provisions in connection with punishing acts of publishing and transmitting child pornography. We'll see about Badra Tiger Reserve, Kudremukha National Park, Pushpigiri Wildlife Sanctuary. Then we'll see exam relevant information pertaining to pledge for progress campaign, editorial on alimony or maintenance, then also about all India Council for Technical Education. The link for the handwritten notes in the PDF format and the timestamping of the discussed articles are provided in the description box and also in the comment section for the benefit of mobile phone viewers. Now let us move on to the analysis of first news article. This news article states that polis have arrested three persons in relation to possessing and sharing child pornography. In this context, let us discuss some of the important legal provisions against child pornography. The syllabus relevant for the analysis is highlighted here for your reference. First, let us discuss the provisions under Information Technology Act of 2000. Here the relevant sections are section 67, then section 67 capital A and then section 67 capital B. Now if you come to section 67, it is about punishment for publishing or transmitting obscene material in electronic form.  Now this material could deprive and corrupt persons who are likely to read it or see or hear it. In such case, the punishment for first conviction is imprisonment up to a term of three years and fine up to five lakh. However, there is also enhanced punishment for subsequent conviction. This provision has been added keeping in mind to curb the tendency of recidivism or the tendency among habitual or repeating offenders. So in the case of subsequent conviction, it could be extended up to five years and 10 lakh rupees respectively. Now let us come to section 67 capital A. It is about punishment for publishing or transmitting of material containing sexually explicit act in electronic form. So it deals with people who publishes or transmits electronic material that contain sexually explicit acts. The punishment for first conviction is imprisonment up to five years and a fine of 10 lakh rupees. In the event of subsequent conviction, the imprisonment may extend to seven years. Now the most important section directly related to our current discussion is section 67 capital B. Now it is about punishment for publishing or transmitting electronic material depicting children in sexually explicit acts. This section covers several offenses.  So for these offenses on first conviction, imprisonment up to a term of five years and fine up to 10 lakh subsequent conviction, imprisonment extend to seven years. Note that children under the section here refers to a person who has not completed the age of 18 years. There are also some exemptions under section 67, 67 capital A and 67 capital B. This is because as per IT Act 2000, these sections do not extend to any book, pamphlet, paper, writing, drawing, painting, representation or figure in electronic form if the publication is proved to be justified as being for the public good. And the term public good here takes the meaning of something that is in the interest of science, literature, art or learning or other objects of general concern. And the next assumption is if the material in electronic form is kept or used for bona fide heritage or religious purposes. Now let us come to the relevant provisions from the Protection of Children from Sexual Offences Act called a Spokso 2012.  Today's discussion is connected with section 13 and 14 of this law. Section 13 deals with using children for pornographic purposes. It covers those who use a child in any form of media for the purposes of sexual gratification.  You can observe the term indecent or obscene representation of time experts involved in the welfare of children. They also criticize that in several media platforms. Children are made to wear a particular dress that projects or leads to indecent or obscene representation. Coming to section 14, it deals with punishment for using child for pornographic purposes. Those convicted under section 13 shall be punished with an imprisonment up to five years and also liable to fine. There is also enhanced punishment for subsequent conviction. If the convict directly participates in pornographic acts through penetrative sexual assault under the definitions of section 3, then the person shall be punished with imprisonment for minimum of 10 years and may extend to imprisonment for life. And if the same person engages in aggravated penetrative sexual assault as defined in section 5 of the law, the person shall be punished with rigorous imprisonment for life. So these are some of the important provisions related to using children for the purposes of pornography from the POXO Act 2012. With this we come to the end of analysis of this news article. In this analysis, we saw various legal provisions associated with the definition and punishment for offenses involving child pornography and also related to transmitting or publishing such content in electronic form. Now let's move on to the analysis of next news article. This editorial talks about alimony or maintenance given to female spouse in case of separation from husband. In a recent verdict, Supreme Court clarified that an abandoned wife and children will be entitled to maintenance from the date she applies for it in a court of law. In this context, let us discuss maintenance and what Supreme Court has observed in this regard. The syllabus relevant is highlighted here for your reference. See in simple terms, alimony or maintenance, it refers to monetary compensation that the person pays to previous spouse who is unable to support herself or himself. The amount or the maintenance compensation depends on the matrimonial laws specific to specific religions. Today's article talks about the status of maintenance or alimony given to women in India. See the support to female spouse in the form of maintenance. It is based on two important constitutional safeguards, one article 15 clause 3, then article 39. See though article 15 clause 1, it prohibits discrimination on the ground of sex, article 15 clause 3 provides for the state to positively discriminate or to take affirmative action for women and children. Clause 3 states that nothing in this article shall prevent the state from making any special provision for women and children. This has to be read together with article 39 which directs state policy towards protecting the health of women and children. So based on these constitutional safeguards, Indian Parliament enacted many legislations that provides for maintenance for women and children. We could see some of the important legislations that cover these areas include Hindu Marriage Act of 1955, Special Marriage Act of 1954, Section 125 to 128 of Code of Criminal Procedure in particular Section 125 and Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act of 2005 and here we have given you part of Section 125 CRPC and Section 128 CRPC for your reference. Coming to the status of enforcement of maintenance orders in India, it is found that these orders were poorly enforced. That is in many cases it is observed that the maintenance amount is not paid to the women and children. As a result many vulnerable women they are pushed or further pushed into poverty, homelessness and vagrancy. It is found that spouses are not paying the agreed alimony in a timely manner and they are also indulging in multiple litigations that delays the enforcement of maintenance order and with cases known to drag for years this could worsen the misery of vulnerable women and there was also increase or growing number of matrimonial litigations in India therefore more clarity was required related to maintenance and enforcing maintenance orders. It is in connection with these aspects the recent Supreme Court verdict provides the glimmer of hope for three important reasons. One it said that an abandoned wife and children will be entitled to maintenance from the dates she applies for it in a court of law. Two it observed that maintenance provided should prevent dependent wives and children from falling into poverty and homelessness. More importantly and thirdly the court set down comprehensive guidelines on maintenance or alimony so these three aspects with respect to the recent Supreme Court verdict provide some clarity in relation to maintenance and enforcement of maintenance orders. So these are some of the information with reference to the analysis of this editorial article. Now let's move on to next part of the discussion. This news article talks about a six lane national highway 173 that was proposed to be constructed between Mudigre and Nellie de Towns of Chick Magaluru and Dakshina Canada districts of Karnataka. The news is that the road will cut through a series of forest patches of central western guards that include Badra Tiger Reserve, Kudremuka National Park and the Pushpagiri Wildlife Sanctuary. So in this context let us have a brief understanding about these protected areas that are located in the state of Karnataka. First let us see about Badra Tiger Reserve. See this reserve is predominantly located in Chick Magaluru district with a small portion being in Badra Vaditaluk of Shivamoga district. It was first notified as a wildlife sanctuary in the year 1974 and at that time it was popularly known as Muthodi Wildlife Sanctuary. In the year 1999 it was notified as a Tiger Reserve. The Jagger Valley Wildlife Park which was declared in the year 1951 was also part of the sanctuary. Now coming to Flora know that the forests of this Tiger Reserve is primarily moist deciduous and semi evergreen types with evergreen patches in wetter localities towards the west and also in the higher reaches. Then primarily it is of dry deciduous forest towards the eastern part of the reserve. It harbors some of the best moist deciduous forests of Karnataka especially in the Muthodi Lakkavalli region. In the east of the reserve we can find Baba Boudhan Hills and if one goes to the higher reaches of Baba Boudhan Hills we can find extensive and rolling grasslands which surrounds pockets of Shola vegetation. Coming to Fauna these are the animals that can be found in this reserve. Now let's talk about Kudremuka National Park. See Kudremuka it means horse face. It derives its name from the highest hill peak known as Kudremuka peak which has an altitude of 1892 meters. Now this national park it lies to the southwest of Karnataka state and it is located at the tri-junction of Dakshina Kannada, Udupi and Chikmagalur districts of Karnataka. The region approximately falls in the middle of mid-western guards that is in the middle of the stretch between Goa and Niligris. The national park houses four important ranges Kudremuka range, Kereketai range, Kalasa range and Shimoga range and it falls under Global Tiger Conservation Priority 1 under the format which is developed by Wildlife Conservation Society and World Wide Fund USA. It mainly consists of evergreen forest and Shola grassland biome and importantly it has undisturbed wet evergreen forest and these forests area in this national park it holds one of the single largest contiguous populations of lion-tailed macaque in India and also in the world. Then it contains specific species of animals like Malabar giant squirrels, gaures, giant flying squirrels etc. It is also the source of major rivers like Tunga, Badra, Netravati and it also acts as a catchment for many minor rivers like Gurupura, Swarna and Sita. So these are some of the information related to Kudremuka National Park. Now let's come to Pushpegri Wildlife Sanctuary. It is located in Somwar Patthaluk in Kodagu district which is also called as Kurg district. It was made a wildlife sanctuary in the year 1987. It is also one of the important bird sanctuaries in the world. This is because it is home to endangered and very rare species of birds. On the one side this sanctuary has Kukke Supramaniya forest range and the other it has Bislay Rousseau forest. The sanctuary is covered by steep terrains and waterfalls along with mountain streams. A Rousseau forest called as Kadamakal Rousseau forest is part of this wildlife sanctuary. The sanctuary has an altitude of 162,712 meters and Pushpegri is the highest peak in it. You can also find various farms and 70% of the sanctuary is covered with dense forest. Now coming to the vegetation or flora part the forest contains semi-evergreen vegetation and dense evergreen trees. Many of the faunal species in this sanctuary they show high rate of endemism and the sanctuary is also home for many critically endangered and endangered species like Malabar, Civet, Slender, Loris and these varieties of animal species could be spotted in this wildlife sanctuary. As mentioned already the sanctuary has a rich diversity of birds that include threatened species like black and orange flycatcher, gray-breasted, lauffing thrush and niligree flycatcher. You can also find birds like niligree wood pigeon, Malabar gray hornbill, gray-headed bull bull, blue-winged parakeet, small sunbird and white-bellied blue flycatcher. With this we come to the end of analysis of this news article. In this analysis we saw three important protected areas in the state of Karnataka, Badra tiger reserve, Kudremukha national park and Pushpegri wildlife sanctuary. Now let's move on to the analysis of next news article. This news article talks about a campaign to promote gender equality. A pledge for progress campaign have been launched by UK in India network in association with over 100 partners to promote gender equality and to mobilize a real world change in this regard. When we say UK in India network it comprises of British High Commission New Delhi and nine deputy high commissions and also British trade and consular offices across India. It is the UK's largest overseas network anywhere in the world. Now as part of this campaign a pledge was signed by a collective of 114 organizations spanning across government, business and civil society. All of them committed to take practical steps to tackle gender inequality. One important target with reference to gender equality, we have the principle of equal pay for equal work. Article 39 of Indian constitution direct state policies to achieve equal pay for equal work. However according to an estimate of international labour organization at the current rate of progress it will take 75 years to make this principle a reality and at the global level women also enjoy fewer rights compared to men in many many spheres. For example if you take the political representation they make up only 24% of representatives in national parliaments in the world and this number would be an average and that has to be desegregated to get individual picture of each country. We also have United Nations Sustainable Development Goal number five that aims to achieve gender equality and to empower all women and girls by the year 2030. The targets under this goal number five are given here for a reference. Now coming to the pledge for progress campaign see it aims to empower organizations and individuals to break down prevailing gender norms and stereotypes and together to build a gender equal society. To achieve this five key commitments have been committed by the signatories of the pledge. One is to use the platforms of the signatories to amplify the voices of women leaders within their organizations and beyond then to seek gender diverse representation when hosting and participating in panels and round tables then to strive to include gender analysis in the design implementation and evaluation of their activities. We also have the concept of gender budgeting this could be at the level of nation at the level of every institution as well then making organizations great places for people of all genders to work by ensuring that their internal policies fulfill that particular aim. Finally working as a collective of gender equality champions developing and sharing best practices to together implement the pledge. So these are the five key commitments agreed by the signatories. So these are some of the information with reference to the analysis of this news article. Now let's move on to next part of the discussion. This news article talks about a circular issued by all India council for technical education for addressing the concerns about recruitment of faculty to interdisciplinary programs. The circular comes after receiving several complaints from faculty members regarding recruitment policies followed by various institutions. For example the council noted many instances where employers of education institutions that offer relevant or appropriate courses in major disciplines they were found to have rejected the job applications of graduates of these relevant or appropriate courses. So in this regard ACTE issued clarification on equivalence and appropriateness of nomenclatures of degrees in technical institutions. It has asked the approved institutions to carefully deal with faculty recruitment as well as other equivalent issues with proper justification in order to give justice to the aspiring candidates. The circular is important because in many cases several candidates have suffered rejection at the hands of recruitment agencies even after having studied a degree in the required area of discipline from a government institution or a government approved institution. Therefore the exercises as asked by ACTE are required across different streams different regions and also at the national level. And in many cases candidates were rejected by state recruitment agencies because of reasons like poorly proofreaded notifications that call for applicants with outdated degree titles or nomenclatures on several instances applicants were rejected for mismatching degree titles in the same discipline as well. Say for example the notification calls for master in biology then the candidate with masters in advanced biology will be rejected and we understand that this is a mechanical rejection. So the step taken by ACTE in this regard in its jurisdiction of technical education is appreciable. So in this context let us have a brief understanding about ACTE. See it was set up before independence in the month of November 1945 as a national level apex advisory body. It was mandated to conduct a survey on the facilities available for technical education. Later on in the year 1987 it was given statutory status by an act of parliament. So now it is a statutory body under ministry of education. It is headquartered in New Delhi and also has many regional branches across India. It discharges its functions through an executive committee. The mission of ACTE is given here for a reference. Now let's see some of the important functions of this council. See it coordinates the development of technical education in the country at all levels. It involves suitable performance appraisal system for technical institutions and universities that provide technical education such as engineering, management, architecture. It lays down norms and standards for courses, curricula, physical and instructional facilities etc. with reference to technical institutions and universities. Then it grants approval for starting new technical institutions and for introduction of new courses or programs. See ACTE has delegated powers to process and grant approval of new institutions to the concerned state governments. It also has delegated powers to the states for starting new courses and bringing variations in the intake capacity of diploma level technical institutions. And with reference to Swayam program of ministry of education, ACTE serves as one of the nine national MOOCs coordinators. So these are some of the important information with reference to the analysis of this news article. Now let's move on to the next part of the discussion. We have come to the last session, the practice questions discussion session. See this question. They have given six protected areas and are asking which of the above are situated in the state of Karnataka. If you go through the given six protected areas, you can find that Satyamangalam Tiger Reserve is in the state of Tamil Nadu and Thadoba-Andhari Tiger Reserve is in the state of Maharashtra. Therefore the correct answer is option C. See this question. Two statements are given. They are asking the above statements refer to which one of the following national parks or sanctuaries. It is located at the tri-junction of Dakshina Kannada, Udupi and Chikmagalur districts of Karnataka. It is the source of major rivers like Tunga, Badra and Netravadi rivers. The correct answer for this question is option A, Kudremukha National Park. Now this question is with reference to pledge for progress campaign recently seen in news. Two statements are given. They are asking which of the above statements are correct. First statement. It is a campaign to empower organizations and individuals to break down prevailing gender norms and to build a gender equal society. This statement is correct. Statement 2. It was organized by the United Nations Entity for Gender Equality and the Empowerment of Women. This statement is incorrect because it is organized by UK in India Network along with more than 100 organizations spanning across government, business and civil society. The correct answer for this question is option A, one only. Now see this question with reference to all India Council for Technical Education. Two statements are given. They are asking which of the above statements are incorrect. It is a non-statutory advisory body under the Ministry of Education. It is a statutory body therefore the first statement becomes incorrect. It coordinates the development of technical education in India at all levels including postgraduate, undergraduate and diploma. Second statement is correct. Therefore the correct answer for this question is option A because only the first statement is incorrect. Now see these two practice main questions. The first question deals with the subject of child pornography. The second question reads among the Indian women, divorced or separated women are the most vulnerable and eventually falls into destitution and vagrancy discuss. Now with reference to child pornography we would like to inform that we have covered this subject in detail also in our Hindu News Analysis on 7th February 2020 where we saw about important suggestions of the ad hoc committee of Rajeshiva on curbing child pornography. With this we come to the end of today's the Hindu News Analysis. If you like the video click the like button, comment, share and subscribe to Shankaray's Academy YouTube channel for more updates and content on civil service exam preparation.


Hello, everyone. Welcome back. Good that you are joining in this session where we talk about the believers authority. Let's pray and we will get started. So I request somebody, yeah, please pray. Heavenly Father, thank you very much for guiding us here for Nancy-Anne's class, Heavenly Father. Please, slightly in this class, Heavenly Father, and help us to learn about your war, Heavenly Father. Help us to gain your understanding about the word, Heavenly Father. And thank you once again for guiding us here for this class, Heavenly Father. Please, slightly in this class. Please, let me pray. Amen. Amen. Amen. So in the last class, we talked about some defensive ways in which we can exercise our authority and dominion. And we also talked about some ways in which we can take the initiative to attack, you know, or counter the attacks of the enemy. And it's a very important class which we had. I know that our on-campus students were away. You were on a mission strip, but please do go back to the recording because it's really important. So in that we covered in the defense, we said that when we are positioned in intimacy with God, as Psalm 91 says, we are automatically protected, isn't it? Or when, say, we are doing what God has called us to do. For example, we said how God called Adam and Eve to take care of the garden. That was their responsibility. So in submission to God was their protection. They went away from God. When they their own thing, they came out of protection. So that's how we can defend ourselves. You keep yourself in that place of obedience, submission to God.  So that's how one should be. We also said the example of Job. It is that Job, he was really conscious about doing the right thing for God. So he had a life of devotion. He was giving offerings and all. And that made a hedge of protection. So even when Satan goes to ask God regarding Job, Satan says, you already put a hedge around him. How did the hedge come? Just a life of obedience, a life of devotion towards God, it protects us. Maybe don't come under the attack of the devil. So just being in that right place can help us resist the devil. Even otherwise, we looked at so many different terms such as give no place to the devil, withstand the devil, stand against the devil. So all these things are something that a believer must do. We have to stop the devil from coming in. Okay, so is there a question, Viku? I see your hand is raised. Okay, I can't hear anything, maybe by mistake. Sure, we'll continue. Yeah, so this way we can resist. Although there are times when our resistance, you know, sometimes we stand the ground and it's done. But sometimes we have to wrestle against the devil because he can be stubborn. So we also have to wrestle. You know, wrestle, it takes some time, right? Like you're going back and forth, you're using your energy, you're trying to subdue the devil. So sometimes defending ourselves from the devil can be like that. We have to even wrestle it out. Then quench all the fiery darts. We talked about that. Now coming to the offensive, we said that we can use certain terms that were used in the ministry of Jesus. He rebuked the devil. He commanded, I command you or I cast you out. So what happens when you speak these words with authority? You're exercising your authority. So let's imagine, you know, we have authority, but we never really tell the devil what to do. So the Satan has come, demons are coming, they're trying to mess with our family, mess with our finances. We just let it go.  We don't do that. What do you think will happen? Yeah, it will continue. Basically, it'll continue. We are letting the enemy continuous destruction. So instead of that, we must take authority. And for that, there are certain terms. I've explained this in the previous class. We could cast the demons out. We can say, okay, you are destroyed. So just in those words that we are speaking, what's happened? Authority is being released. By faith, when I release those words, authority is being released. And we can see the work stop or remove. All right. Now, let me just jump all the way to prayer and intercession. There in intercession here, we said that when we pray, prayer also is a weapon. In the armor of God, there are all those other parts. But towards the end of that armor of God description, he says pray for all the saints with all kinds of prayer, Ephesians 6, 18. Why did he talk about prayer? Because prayer also will protect us. It's part of the armor. So if I'm not a prayerful believer, then I am leaving some gaps for the enemy to work.  I come, I confess my sins.  There is a covering that comes just from that place of prayer. So prayer will also help us exercise our authority against the devil. So there are a few more things that will help us exercise our authority. And that's what I want to talk about. Now, righteous actions, righteous actions, they also are a way in which we can exercise our authority. And I'll explain, you know, what I mean by that. So when the enemy is doing the wrong things, he is instigating people to do unrighteous deeds. When we do the right thing, it's like you're destroying the devil. For example, let's say, you know, it's a group setting. And everyone is speaking accusation and condemnation and, you know, curses on each other. You're also part of that group.  Okay, so that's a way of righteous action. You're doing the right thing when everybody else is doing the wrong thing. What happens? The enemy is defeated just by that, because he's not able to get you to react. He's not able to get you to do the wrong. So even righteous actions, what do they do? They help us overcome the devil. Now, take for example, in a, let's say, there is a region and there is a stronghold of corruption. When it comes to money, people are bribing, people are extorting, people are doing all kinds of evil things, right? Trading in the wrong way. But in that setup, if you are the person who is dealing righteously with money, what will happen? It's like a weapon against the devil. We may not fully understand how we are attacking the devil. They're actually doing it because you are that righteous person in that setting and your right actions will, will, it'll thwart or it'll destroy the works of the devil. Because why are you doing that? You're doing it by faith, knowing that God is ultimately your rewarder. So righteous actions, doing the right thing when the wrong is going on, even that gives us protection. So imagine when people, if we are living in a community where people are very selfish, people are very, you know, like they are covetous, they want to take, they want to take what is others.   You're going opposite to the darkness. You, because we are the light. So if darkness is unrighteousness, corruption, wickedness, condemnation, whatever it is, when you do light, generosity, kindness, you know, integrity, things like that, we can overcome the power of the enemy. Now, even at times when things have gone wrong, right? Some, some testimonies or, you know, some stories in history, you might have read about this, like I've read about regions where there was a racial disharmony, like people of one skin color, they don't like people of another skin color. So many things have, you know, because of racism. But even in such, because of these things, what happened is the generations came later, the different generations, dated an act of restitution. What is that? So they went back to the people who were, who were ill-treated. It's just representative, representative of a race that ill-treated another race. They just go and they say, we are so sorry this happened to you. You know, and from now onwards, we do not want such things to happen. This is not a godly thing. They make restitution. They ask for forgiveness. It's an action, but it's an act of faith. It's an act that destroys a stronghold.  So even acts like this that have been done, overcome past mistakes have broken the power of stated over communities. Let's say, for example, if women have been ill-treated in a, in a, in a region and a lot of evils have happened to women, but once believers recognize, hey, what has happened is not good. They go back. They seek forgiveness. They try to set it right. Something powerful happens. The righteousness is stored. So even when a billkeeper is walking in righteousness, we will be able to overcome the devil. That's another way in which we are actually exercising our authority. Remember breastplate of righteousness. So just want to encourage us to follow this and truly we will see our authority established. Now coming to the next part here, this is power of agreement. Power of agreement. We have discussed this during the course on prayer and intercession. Well, the Bible says that when we agree together in prayer, right? So that one oneness of in regarding a particular matter will bring a breakthrough. So that's why when you look at the book of acts, what is nice about that group, they were in one accord. It says, right? They were in oneness of heart, oneness of heart. So oneness of heart, when we pray like that, you know, togetherness, we can release authority and things actually happen. So in our individual settings, we know like two of us, we may pray about, you know, somebody's family matter or somebody's financial situation. And that's okay. But when it comes to larger things, let's say we are praying for the city. Okay, or we are praying for the nation. How to use this power of agreement? If, let's say the pasts of the city come okay, and they are in agreement that our cities should be saved. Many people should come to know Christ in our city or certain sins which are happening, crimes which are happening, they should not happen. They agree and pray. That is so powerful. So corporately, we can leverage. So pastors praying together. How about churches praying together? I know in some cities such events have happened. At least in my growing up years, I have seen that even in Bandra, I've seen when churches have come together, they've had corporate events, like many churches getting together in one place, worshipping the Lord and breaking bread together. What is it? Corporately, we are in agreement, right? When you are in agreement in a corporate way, that is very powerful. So we should aim for that. I'm not just talking about doing group events. Event is one thing, you know, you can even have an event, but behind the scenes, there can be so much of disagreement among people. So it's not just physically coming together. It's oneness of heart. So that oneness of heart will destroy the works of the devil. So power of agreement is something which we can use, which we can work with, even when Jesus sent disciples. How did he send them? How did he generally send them? How many? How many at a time? Yeah, two by two, right? Like you just send them, go in twos. But why in twos? Is it that an individual cannot minister? No, even a single person can minister, but there is something about working together with another person, being together in prayer, right? So the power of agreement is also key and we must make sure that we use it. Okay, now what if the opposite happens? If there is a lot of division in the church, in the family, do you think we can make effective prayers? No, it becomes an advantage for Satan. Now that these people are not in agreement, come on, let me try to do something. So use agreement as a weapon against the devil. Now what are some other things which will help us overcome the devil? Two more things and I think I will just stop with that today. Okay, so the next one is angelic assistance. Angelic assistance, we can pray as God for the involvement of angels in our ministry and angels we have seen in scripture, they were sent out as messengers, they were sent out in Psalm 34 verse 7, it says, the angel of the Lord encams around those who fear him and delivers them. So they can act as guardians, angels can also engage in battle, they can engage in battle. We know that when Daniel prayed, the angel went there, engaged in battle and made sure that the prayers, the answer to the prayer actually came. We have other scriptures which are given here where even in a physical battle, angels came and they destroyed the enemy. So one thing we notice is when we are fighting the demonic, God does send angels. So we can ask God, you can say, God send your angels, send your host of angels, let them come and let them also serve. Now when we are praying, when we are doing the ministry, when we are open to the work of the spirit, the supernatural, sometimes even without asking, God will send his angels. In the book of Acts, you see that. I think Peter and John, they are captured, but what happens? They are actually supernaturally released and they are instructed, I think by an angel, they are told that okay, you go back to the same place and you reach over there. Later you see itself, you see that Paul is Peter is put in a prison and he thinks he is having a dream, but actually an angel come out of the prison, angel even takes them out of that place and allows him to be set free. So why is all this happening? When the people are open to the work of the spirit, open to the supernatural, all these things can happen. God sends angels, you will be surprised, you will be amazed that you actually had an encounter with an angel, but these things can happen. So we can pray and we can say God, you release your angels and even if there are demonic powers opposing us, angels be released to fight and usually how do the angels start working? What do they need? What is their input to start working? Okay, if I tell an angel, okay, angel you come, you help me in the house, do you think the angel will do it? Sure, yeah, I don't think so. So how do you engage an angel inviting? Inviting, okay, what else? How can you have an angel come and help the powers of darkness? Okay, in the name of Jesus, okay, right. What else? What are the other? We want angels to help us. How are you going to get them to help you? That's the question. Hearing the word of God, if you are hearing the word of God, declaring the word of God, okay, declaring the word of God. So here in the chat, Nina says, through prayers. Alright, so one is through prayer. Remember Daniel prayed, angel came. So when we are praying, in the spiritual realm, it's like warfare. You don't even have to command or invite or ask, God will send the angels, they will engage. Okay, so pray. It's amazing. You pray and angels will come. You know, angels are sent because you're praying. It's very powerful to understand that revelation. Now, the other way is in Psalm 103, please read this verse, Psalm 103 verse 20. Yeah, okay. So how do they, how do they engage hearing his voice? Isn't it? Who excel in strength, but then they heed to the voice of the Lord. So angels respond to what God has said. Now, if I want to engage, you know, angelic assistance, I need to declare the word. That's what Prince was saying. If you say what God has said, then angels can start working. That's how they work. They only respond to the command or the word of God. And that is another reason why declaration is so important. When we declare the word of God, angels will get to work because that's what the word of God says. Right? Like, he will lead us in triumphant victory in Christ Jesus, scoting a script. That's what God's word says. And so now angels can work towards my victory. Got it? So in that manner, whenever we believe the word and we make declarations, that's the way in which you can have angelic assistance. One is prayer. Second is you declare the word of God. And this, in this manner, you can overcome tax from the evil one. The final one is authority gateways. So authority gateways is simply going by the structure which God has created. So in the family, we know the God appointed structure of husband, wife, children. So the Bible says, you know, the husband is the head of the household. Okay? So when you follow the God given structure, even then you can overcome the devil. Because if we try to go any other way, let's say a child is trying to dictate all terms for a family, it doesn't work. There'll be a lot of confusion. As per what the scripture says, the husband or the father is the head of the family. So you go according to that family structure or let's say church. It'll be the pastor. So when we keep the authority structure, it is then that we will again be able to overcome the evil one. Otherwise, when you switch it around or let's say you're talking about the state or the community of people, the Bible says in Romans chapter 13 that we are supposed to honor government officials, leaders. There is an authority structure. You honor them, the Bible says. So keeping the structure will also help us avoid the attacks that the enemy causes on us. Yeah. And the other point which is given here is that if let's say somebody is in a position of authority, for example, if I'm a pastor and I pray for the people who I oversee, I can exercise authority on their behalf. Okay, let's say a believer is not able to pray for deliverance themselves. When I go and pray, it will be very powerful.  So we can use our authority because this is the authority gateway. Through me, God's authority will flow through the people who have been entrusted to me. Now, what if me as an authority figure, if I am, you know, into wrong things, just I'll just give one example. Let's imagine I am I have an office and I'm the boss. I have 50 people under me. Okay. And I have a weakness and that weakness is for money. So I take bribes. I do all kinds of wrong feelings. That is my weakness as a boss. And I am the authority figure here. How is it going to affect the people under me? It's most likely that Satan will use the weakness of the leader to have a similar thing happening among all the employees. If the employee stands up against it, well and good. Otherwise, you'll find that the culture of that particular office is like that. If the boss is like that, everybody in the office is okay to take a bribe, you know, do corrupt things. Or lusts. Say the head is like that. They are open to lustful, you know, things and all. People under them, obviously they would have given them permission. Yeah, it's okay. Nothing wrong. Nothing wrong. So you'll find the same culture. So as an authority figure, for us to keep the doubt, if I am a leader, I have to make sure that I take care of all the loopholes. There should be no loopholes. Because if I allow loopholes in my life, it'll affect the people whom I am taking care of. Okay. So that's also how we can protect people whom God has entrusted to us. So those who are in authority, we must ensure that we position ourselves in the right way. For those who are under authority, we must maintain a good relationship with the person who's leading us. So it might be a boss, it might be, you know, a manager, it might be our parents. We have to have a right relationship. What is right relationship? The Bible talks so much about it. You honor them. You obey, right? You obey them. So whatever is the right form of submission, we follow that. Now what if they tell us to do something ungodly? What do we do? Okay. Anyone online? What if the authority, person in authority tells us to do something ungodly? How do you deal with it? You should not do it. Okay. Yeah, you shouldn't do it. If it's ungodly, just don't do it, right? But how do you go about dealing with it? There are many things the Bible has to say, right?  You could always pray and you know, speak protection over yourself and ask God's wisdom not to get into the so-called sins of those who may be leading us. Sometimes it's unfortunate, but these things happen. We see the so-called people who are supposed to be leaders or supposed to be mature, but then they are making mistakes. But as a person who's following, how should I deal with it? Okay. I can be careful not to do what they are doing, right? At least I can learn a lesson that oh, this is not the way to lead and you protect yourself through prayer. You make choices which are different from that particular individual who may currently be heading up or leading. So this is how a person who is in submission should actually protect themselves. Okay. So I'll stop with this for today. I know we are just about halfway. Any questions? Ma'am, like we are talking about, right? If the person in authority asks us to do something that is not right and at that time we have to use wisdom. We have to like say no, but to escape or to avoid doing what they are asking to do, is it okay if we lie at that time in order to not to do it? Okay. What if we lie to escape? It's like, can we lie so that we can't think that they are wrong? Yeah, I don't think so. Because it's like two wrongs don't make a right, you know, as they say. So they are asking you first of all something wrong and then you're doing also something wrong. How can anything right come out of it? Yeah. So it's better to tell like, okay, I don't want to do it. Instead of telling I have some work lying in that way. Okay. See, you can escape it without lying also. And that thing wisdom, wisdom, no, there's always a way out. But what is that godly way out? For that we have to pray and we have to ask God, he will help us. See, when you when you read, right, if somebody in authority is telling us to do something that is outright ungodly, for example, in the book of Acts, they said, don't preach in the name of Jesus.  Peter and John say, sorry, we cannot do it. They go against it. They don't stop preaching in the name of Jesus. They continue doing the right thing. Okay. So Daniel, you must bow down and say, no, you can defy when there's something that's outright ungodly, you know, if you don't worship the statue, then we put you in fire. Okay, put us in fire. So they are defined for certain things. But it is the same Paul who wrote Romans chapter 13, where he says, honor the government, honor the leaders. So we can ask Paul, what is this Paul? You know, your people are not listening on one side. And then you're saying honor your leaders. So you see, there is a place for everything. If the instructions are such that you can accommodate it without making an ungodly decision or action, then yes, okay. But if they're asking you to do something which is making you go against God, then you just say, no, I'm sorry, I can't do that. Fine. So anything else regarding this? Yeah. So Jack in the saying, in the we have to obey what God approves. Correct. That's, that's right. So children obey your parents in the Lord. Right. So we want to do what is right as per God. And that should be the desire of our hearts. So when we walk in all these ways, even righteous actions, the right authority structures, prayer, intercession, engaging, leveraging angelic assistance and agreement will definitely help us overcome the enemy. So in the next class, I'm going to move on to exercising authority. Fine. So I'll see how it goes. Maybe we'll go to casting out demons and practical instructions on how exactly to do it. So hopefully, we should be able to finish your portions a little sooner than the actual given day. Okay. So if there are no more questions, let's wrap up. Okay, there are no questions in the chat. Oh, one question. Yeah, go ahead. Uh, ma'am, I've seen in certain families when it comes to praying for their children, you know, more than them praying themselves, they asked the pastor to pray for the children. That I've seen that, you know, like, I mean, the pastor says that, you know, you should pray for a child that's very important more than us praying. It's very important that you pray for a child and only it'll be more effective. You know, suppose if it's depending on their studies or their behavior, they say it's better if you do it rather than us doing it. Yeah. Many, many families have seen that they've already asked the pastor to pray rather than they themselves praying and taking that time to pray for that child. Yeah. Yeah. So maybe they don't know the importance of the parents praying. That's true. So all right, let's close with the word of prayer. Could somebody lead us please? Heavenly Father, thank you very much for leading us lightly in Nathiyan's class. Amen. Thank you. Thank you, Sean. Thank you, everyone. God bless you. Have a good week. We'll see you again in the next class this week. Thank you. Bye.


Good morning, everybody. Welcome back on this lovely Wednesday. The was this was this March 4th. All right Man time's flying. Can't believe how fast this year is going. How's everybody doing? Good to see you? Good morning, everybody. Good to see you Dennis Chuck Bonnie everybody.  She's I thought we're gonna break that 1000 let yesterday rub what 540 right now I guess a you know the rumor is it after the primary election yesterday the Democratic Party looks like Biden obviously blew a Bernie a little bit out of the water yesterday and You know Wall Street does like that, you know once again Wall Street's a little nervous of a socialist You know kind of taxing everybody in the stock market. So it looks like the stock market does like it and Say glad I got a little recovery now. Does that do it the coronavirus? Oh my god. Who's talking about coronavirus anymore? Well, you know what a lot of coronavirus stocks are still moving We were trading this stock. I know let me just bring this one up right here. Jesus. This thing is like unbelievable all over the place This stock you shook me out yesterday Okay, maybe get back in and then shook me out again. I'm telling you I let me just change the time frame on this I look at this thing after hours. I don't know where this hell this thing came from but You know when we were watching it at 230 it was just a great steady move And you could see had a nice little pop and then all of a sudden like this thing was moving like 20 cents For you to buy this stock you had the risk 20 cents 20 cents on a thousand shares is $200 and if you were trying to make 200 it means you had the risk 400 to make that 200 it was under it was ridiculous event after hours on what that'll happen things just popped the last minute Went from 850 which in all of a sudden it just tanked to 7 is shot up to like $9 I mean that is just Unbelievable and now look where it is.  I think they got I think I posted a news on it Something about their phase one trial actually was pretty good and some gave it upgrade to like $14. So listen this stock is crazy Okay, even I wouldn't even tell you that so listen be careful looking at but if house though It's only an $8 stock. Yeah, let me know how that works out for you But all I know is that this is not it is not a penny spread and this stock has 20 cent swings in one minute So anyway, we did pretty well on that one couple of the ones I want to talk about regarding the market now You know, I'm not a fan of trading ETFs but when you have a day like yesterday and the market is just so damn volatile the VIX did unbelievable Okay, you had the VIX you had UV XY you had T TV IX, you know, though, you know, there were a couple of brand name stocks that we traded and You know Delta was brings a mind to by the way that Delta trade I want to bring that up for you guys being class I'm a huge fan of Delta obviously had great great news regarding, you know yesterday and actually the day before where You know a huge huge big buyer came in there to buy the stock at a buy the stock and want to own it and You know the thing you got to look at is that when it, you know When it comes to that if I didn't take a loss yesterday and by the way, it's a good loss I think I lost like a hundred dollars on 120 if I didn't take a hundred dollar loss It actually was like a four hundred dollar winner If I didn't take a because I was looking to make it into a swing trade fighting get out of it It would have been an 800 dollar loss. So remember the big thing that we teach here is Cybertry University We're not here to teach you how to make money. We here to teach you to stop losing it Once you stop learning how to lose that's how you learn how to start making money But all those stocks did really well yesterday and that's all that matters now Let's go through the watch list because there are some really really good stocks out of moving this morning now Obviously, if you're looking remember, I told you about how to do a swing trade, right?  All right.  They said I couldn't believe that but you know you got a big rally and I think the rally at once again rumor is it they're talking about because of Of a big Biden win yesterday, not a Bernie Sanders win. So so if you're trying to figure it out I don't think it says anything with the coronavirus that now all of a sudden everyone's healed So that's still a big issue. We got to keep an eye on it now regarding about some stocks a win this morning We know a lot of the some of the stocks are moving some of the corona stocks are moving if you're looking for some brand-name stocks if you're looking to buy something, I don't maybe it could be the time but there are some nice movers out there and I know is obviously one of them But listen, you have to be a level three level four trader CTE trader. So be careful. I know Apio is another one that came up on my radar right here of up 38% So we remember this we trade in January the stock ran from $2 to about $7 You could see it was a huge sort short squeeze right there. So it is up nicely right now It's got a nice move. Let me fix the time frame over here so you can see a little bit better So it's got some it's got some decent iceberg orders out there. You can look over here on the right on the matrix I was looking over here on the Nasdaq total view and I got a couple of them over here. I got 8,000 shares. You got some buyers out there and some sellers just focus on that Zsa and I just had that one up there. Yeah, that's the biggest one up right now Cheap little stock only thing I don't like about it. It's a it's a penny stock How do I know because you see the tenths of a penny popping up right there doesn't mean we still can't make money with it but the thing is gapped up pretty big and You know what once I once I get above a dollar it makes things a little bit safer But that one's also moving pretty well D. Why and why is that the one I had? Oh, I spelled it wrong D y and T that's what it was I made my Look I made my tea look like a Y I'm on my piece of paper. So this one gapped up huge Okay, you could see we had we did really well with the DN y a down from a dollar or three dollars came right back down Then she got back up and pre-market pretty dangerous stock out there with this one too has a very very good spread Just be very very careful. You could see those Candles though those bar charts, you know things moving in 10 cent intervals So once again, don't let a $2 stock fool you this thing could hurt you big big sellers out there though Look at that 70 22,000 share seller at 227 big iceberg orders 72,000 21,000 right here between 210 and 212 so kind of know where that maybe that well Obviously you can see support levels right there. So this at least we know where the support resistance levels on that stock One last stock I want to throw in there is a I am that one also is gapped up pretty big up 16% Nice little move right there on that one too You can see it's the fifth biggest percentage gainer on the NASDAQ and This one also we've been trading it another, you know, you know, I think it's another body is another Pharmaceutical stock, but this one's moving pretty nicely too.  It's usually a good day I probably would focus on maybe looking at some brand name stocks If you're looking to do some swing trades once again, maybe maybe it's time to look into it Like I told you takes a couple of days to smoke to clear if you're not hearing to listen the more they keep talking about it The worse it makes it so a Lot of good news didn't come out on it here in New York. They say they close for public schools That's not good. That is really not good. And you know what's not good about it Just kind of let you know because this happens The last thing they want to do is close a public school because it's not about the protection of the school the kids You know, which obviously is always most important It's that the parents can't go to work and they got to take those kids at home So they can't go to work and make money and then you heard about the whole situation I'm working Stanley. They're gonna let people stay home and work from home So it's definitely a major issue, but the market obviously It's not being affected by it I think a lot has to do with the with the election last night. So listen, not a big list We got some brand names if we see anything we'll share with you So we're gonna start commentating in about 15 minutes and then last but not least guys just remember one thing I will not be here in the afternoon. I will be on Nasdaq New station tonight today at 245. I'm gonna be doing do a couple of demonstrations on book viewer again It's a regular You know regular host there. So I'm gonna be there this afternoon. So we'll send a bulk email if you guys want to watch it Please go out there. Please go out there and tweet it share it. I know we sent you guys an email on it Let everybody know that we're gonna be a cyber train versus gonna be on at Nasdaq center So, um, you know, like I said, always look forward to have you guys there supporting CTU and And going out and showing people the importance of it. So I'll see you all there, too All right, guys. Good luck today. Happy trading and last but not least I forgot to mention if you see something say something in cyber group room, all right We'll be starting commentating about 15 minutes. So don't go anywhere. Thanks everybody


Hello everybody and welcome to another hobby-cheating video today. We're gonna take a deep dive into non-metallic metal specifically gold The strict techno man sir that is Vinci V. Let us get to the tech So I think non-metallic metal in general is a really tricky thing for a lot of painters and in the end You know, I'm a huge fan of true metallic metal But painting non-metallic metal whether you ultimately want to do it a lot or a little I've always found to be sort of very helpful in understanding light And so regardless of whether or not you think it's ultimately what you want your figures to look like or something like that It is very instructive in a good learning process to go through for those who enjoy NMM It can often be tricky to resolve gold gold is a complicated color It has a lot of different tones in it. It needs to look yellow, but not really yellow and It needs to look sort of brown, but there's also white. It's just a lot going on So today we're gonna break down non-metallic metal I'm gonna show you my recipe that I use for it, but really any series of these colors can accomplish it It's not it's a with non-metallic gold It's a lot less about the specific colors and a lot more about the light and the value and where we place Everything and how it all works together. So let's head over to the desk. Let's get into it Talk about paints now. I'm gonna use this particular progression Which is violet Diet I don't know how to pronounce that word, but that yellow you see over there those two are actually gonna make brown You'll see how that works. It's like magic. Then we're gonna use dark ochre warm yellow and pastel yellow Now as a matter of fact, there are lots of other colors you could use So for example, you see many of them up on the screen here if you don't want to mix your brown There's a couple browns if you don't have dark ochre. There you go. There's some options same thing Then at the end, we're gonna just take a little bit of titanium white just as a slight pop color at the end But I want to make sure everybody saw the paints and saw their options All right. Now I have this dial Deny I have this yellow We're just gonna call it D yellow It's a great color And what's fascinating about yellow and purple is they are Complementary colors and when you put them together they make brown, but they make a wonderful really rich perfect brown for non-metallic metal and What's great about this is you can control the Value of the brown simply through the addition of more purple So as you mix in more purple and make it slightly darker and darker and darker You can get different base tones for your gold So you can if you mix mostly yellow with just as you saw a slight touch of the purple and by the way You are only using touches of this you get something rather light if you mix a lot more it becomes a lot darker So our first step is pretty straightforward. It's just base coating everything that we're going to want to be Non-metallic with this brown Nothing too tricky about this part. The paint is thinned with water because it's rather thick and chunky otherwise For the most part we're just gonna go ahead and base coat everything and this girl has a lot of little elements on her That are gonna end up being gold and I'm gonna try to take you through the various shapes because I think one of the biggest Problems people have here and they're working on non-metallic gold is not just the color progression But the value progression and where to place the highlights So if you're scared if you're worried if your problem has been you don't know where to place the highlights Don't worry. We're gonna tackle that in-depth in this video. We will get there so I'm gonna slowly move up the spectrum You can see I'll see the paints as I as I add them a base. I'm just going through the progression I showed you at the beginning we're up to dark ochre which I've mixed in with a little bit of the brown and I'm just gonna very slowly and naturally build up thin layers All of these are thinned with water about a little less than one to one so a little less water than than one to one paint to water and I'm just gonna layer it up But I'm working it very thin each time I'm gonna do two full layers and importantly each time I cover more of the surface than I think I should What I mean by this is you will inevitably when you're trying to do this cover less than you think you should You'll say oh, I want to leave all this in shadow and then as you travel the whole progression up You'll realize you've left way too much in way deep of shadow So just cover more than you think you should with every single step Okay but what my real focus here is Placing the highlights where I want them each time and that's gonna vary by shape So it's gonna look kind of funky and weird by the way You'll notice this looks kind of like copper or non-metallic copper for a moment If you just cut out the rest of the yellow and go straight into white There's your non-metallic copper recipe by the way Now the like don't add any more yellow just go straight to white but here I want you to pay attention to where I'm focusing on Where the light is telling me so in this case from the top left Or sorry her top right where you're looking at a top left That's where the armor and everything else is so that's where we're gonna focus the light Now we're gonna start to bring in that warm yellow Which is the real actual sort of like yellow color as we would think of it as opposed to an ochre And this is gonna start to form my upper mid tones and highlights This is when we're gonna start to actually feel like gold And since the light is traveling in and as I said don't worry. We'll deep dive later in placement I'm focusing on these particular areas and just building it up very thin very naturally One of the things you're going to have to accept when you're working on non-metallic gold Is that there will be probably many steps in the middle where it doesn't actually look like gold at all And in fact it might look quite terrible That's okay Don't worry. That's natural. It happens. There's going to be a moment You'll see later on where it just suddenly snaps into place So each time you see me going up a value step now we're into just the pure warm yellow Each time you see this I'm doing this is thinned very heavily as I said one to one basically with water and Each time I'm doing at least two full coats of it sometimes three if it's rather thin as we get up into the upper yellows We're going to need to thin it or we're gonna need to apply more thin layers because it is such a naturally transparent color so just continuing to add to the Overall layers and build up each time I'm covering less and less and less and you'll see how this gets a lot faster now. We take that warm yellow We're going to bring it in with the pastel yellow by the way. There's many replacements for pastel yellow ice yellow in many different brands Anything like that will work and if you don't have that just mix a little white in with it. It's fine It doesn't need to be this So here in I'm going to start focusing on just my highlight areas So where specifically the real highlights are going to be touching So this is the lower side of the plate over the stomach. This is the upper part of the knee and the edges This is the top Right as from from her point of view of that little chaos star on her neck and so on basically always working within the previous layers and Each one of these shapes requires a slightly different Resolution of where I want those highlights placed and the key with it is to just think constantly about as your light is traveling from up above Where is it naturally impacting as it cascades across? What we're working on here and the first step with non-metallic yellow or non-metallic gold, sorry Our first step is our primary highlights all of these layers are just our primary highlights It's what we're going to spend a lot of this video on And there are really three key elements to non-metallic metal the primary highlight placement And then and then appropriately where the shadows sit The edge highlights because the edges of metal reflect light and then the bounce light And we will cover each of these in turn The primary light is your main fight. This is this is the this is the big war This is the big battle and that's we focused on completely thus far Where I'm trying my best to pull out each shape and the area of that shape that would Connect with a straight beam of light if we imagine it just cascading Over the top of her right shoulder your left as you're looking at it. Where is that light directly hitting? The other thing to remember is that with non-metallic the light is a specular highlight So you have to pick a sort of viewing angle in this case We're going to pick straight on and all the lights all the white points of the light will reflect right there the bright white catches Because the light on metal being specular will focus in on Where the viewer's eye is it will always follow the viewer's eyes. So we need to help sort of fake that So now as I'm coming to my final layer highlight I've integrated more and more you can see I've gone three different steps of integrating the ice yellow there Every time just bringing in another little dab of of of pastel yellow. Sorry And every time covering less and less and less Focusing in on those edges focusing in on building up those spots where I want the light and where I already have it in the armor and on the Belt and other things like that it needs to follow that path I really do want to repeat that these particular colors I'm using as a recipe that I like and I found works pretty well But it's far from the only recipe out there Just a quick search around instagram or any of the or anywhere online Will reveal a ton of different non-metallic recipes and all of them are valid So whether you're using vallejo's english uniform or something from gw and then building up It's fine in the end you can get here The key is to remember the different elements and what they need to be As you have your deepest shadow in brown purple tones As you move into your mid tone, which needs to be more of an ochre ish Into the highlights, which needs to be slightly more yellow and then into the the highest highlights Which is white white yellow and then importantly that saturation that glaze that hint of yellow That will come at the end to bring it all together So this is in some ways a false tactic like what I mean by that is When you're painting nmm. It's always more real than real. It's always A bit of artistic license, you know things in the real world don't need to look exactly like this But it's about capturing something credible of how the light behaves and how the surface would reflect All right now. Let's talk about our next steps We're going to begin with finishing off with a little edge highlighting edge highlighting is really important Here I focus on every edge, but I do not highlight all of the edges equally where it's bright I will go one value step up from that to edge highlight it where it's dark or a shadow I will only go to my mid tone to edge highlight it So we never go darker than our mid tone, but we're always just a value step or so up We do not edge highlight the whole thing in the same color Because it wouldn't make sense that in the darker shadow areas We have an edge highlight that's just as bright as the edge highlight around the reflection And I just work my way around all the edges all the little pieces The other thing we have to talk about here now is light placement You can see the light is coming from the blue up above On a concave shape like her belly the shadow is going to be nearest the light Whereas the reflection will be on the opposite side where that scooped out cave is caught it On something like the knee which is a globe the light will be up at the top left facing it Whereas on a flat surface like the thing on her neck it will travel straight across Much like a clock face where it all oppose each other So if it's flat and directly perpendicular to the light Then what you'll have is you'll have an sort of round surface in this very common design You'll have it occur at basically like 12 and 6 or 10 and 4 opposite sides of the clock face Now I'm working in my bright light catches And this is really two steps I start with just some pure pastel yellow And on the very edges the very tip tops of where the light is I'm going to take some of that pure pastel yellow And just like you see dab it in stipple it into just a few places To show those specular highlights as they're caught By the eye of the viewer But it's not just those final little touches of highlight I also need to put the actual specular reflection the glint Of light And so here this is the only place I use the titanium white and you'll see it's just a dot In all places wherever my brightest highlight is I come in and I just put in a little stipple of that pure white Okay And I'm going to touch all those and follow that highlight line So where I'm touching or crown right now if you go down There's a highlight on the neck piece and then on the piece of the the gold Edging to the chest and then onto the leg and then onto the knee Now some shapes don't always resolve easily something like this sword.  There's no there's no easy way to do it You don't need to have this be perfect It needs a bright edge and it needs to travel between light and dark as you see me have done here in some way Don't put all the lights just on the mid on the edges I see a lot of people do that create a light spot in the middle reflect out and then travel back up Easy just it just needs variation When it's a silly shape like that and the minor element it doesn't need to be perfect. It just needs to have some reflection The next step is going to be smoothing all of this out even though I've been using very thin layers There's still certainly places where the layers show and need to be smooth So I start with a very thin version. We're now three four five to one for For for thinness so three four five water to one drop of paint. So the very thin glazes I start with my shadow Then I go to my mid tone and this is actually a really important step not just for smoothing out the layers But for building back in the saturation That final thin glaze tinting everything into slight yellow Really does bring things alive And then at the highest highlight where we where we we're always going to show the worst layers I thin some of my high highlight way down and then just glaze up into those highlights So this is a very small step, but it just helps smooth everything down Now we got to talk about bounce lights. We understand the primary light If it's a convex shape it hits at the top if it's concave it hits at the bottom Right. So think look at her belly. The skull is convex. The little plate behind it is concave Hence why they're alternating in light sources But non-metallic to read is non-metallic also has to have a bounce light on the appropriate shapes So this is things like globes or anything like that where it's facing not just up but down Any shape where there is where it is facing up and down or multiple directions simultaneously it will have a bounce light So I start by just kind of smoothing everything down and deepening that shadow and you'll see why here in a moment Because this area down in the bottom I need to build some light into Now in this case the girl is actually standing next to fire So I have to build in I'm going to be using orange If you were just doing standard non-metallic gold Then you would be building in here up to your mid-tone You do the same progression like you did for the primary layer. You would just stop at the mid-tone Bounce lights secondary highlights are never as intense as the primary They never go brighter than your mid-tone or at least most of the time they don't And you'll notice that I'm leaving that nice dark area between the bounce light in this case Which for me is orange for you might be yellow or or any other color you happen to be working here It doesn't matter. It's not about the color. It's about the value The light You'll notice I'm leaving that nice dark shadow in between the two lights. That's really important That occlusion shadow between the two is what makes this read as correct There needs to be a separation between The primary light and the secondary light and you see I actually kind of extend the shadow a little bit So I have more room to play So here you can see the red is the primary light coming down and hitting it Directly opposing it where the blue arrow is is the bounce light Whenever you have a shape that's like this Where it's facing that with the single shape faces multiple directions You have both a primary and then a secondary light So there we go, uh, that's everything about non-metallic metal gold I hope I gave you the information to go out to try this on your own Here are some pictures of what she looks like right now. She's mostly done There's probably still a lot of little refinement and things like that I need to do ultimately I think this figure will be for competition. So there's probably another 40 hours of work I need to put into her at least But I think this will give you a good idea of where we're at and really shows you the effect Of the non-metallic gold over the whole surface Uh, I hope you liked this. Hey, if you did Give it a like subscribe for additional hobby cheating in the future We have new videos here every saturday if you want to support the channel You can share this video with someone else. You can do that like and subscribe stuff Also, there's a merch store down there There's the books down in the description that I publish with adam if you're looking for Some fun alternative skirmish games for you and your friends And of course, there's also a patreon And our patreon is focused on review and feedback and taking your next step on your hobby journey I've helped many of my patrons resolve better non-metallic metal. That's for sure But we'd love to have you as part of the community As always though, I thank you so much for watching this one And we'll see you next time


Here are three shoulder mobility exercises that you can do at home. You either need a band or a towel. First exercise you're going to bring your arms out to the tee trying to keep your arms as straight as possible.


Bacterial biofilms are a major cause of infection and antibiotic resistance. Elagic acid, EA, a naturally occurring polyphenol, has been found to have anti-biofilm properties. Recent research suggests that EA works by disrupting the redox balance of the bacterium, which is controlled by an enzyme called WRBA. By disturbing this balance, EA can prevent or reduce the formation of biofilms, making it a promising candidate for developing novel antimicrobial agents. This article was authored by Alessandro Ratti, Enrico M.A. Fasi, Fabio Forlani, and others.