boom what's going on money geeks v here welcome to another video so in this video i want to answer a question that a lot of you guys been asking me um on discord that hey how do you short a stock if you have a cash account um the first thing i want to let you know is that if you have a cash account in webo you don't have the ability to short a stock period the only way for you to short a stock which means you have to have a margin account in that way you can short a stock but there is a poor month's way of shorting a stock uh with a cash account which is what i'm going to explain in today's video but before we get started guys if you're new to the channel we talk about how to earn money how to save money how to invest and build wealth so that's something that interests you go ahead and hit that subscribe button and notification bell so you don't miss out on new content so when it comes to shorting a stock i know a lot of you guys um some people are very very mad or angry that people have the ability to short a stock uh if you're one of us people i'm just gonna tell you right now um for you to survive in the market you need to be able to trade both ways you need to understand trading both ways whether you like it or not shorting is part of the market because i've seen some of you guys will leave comment when i say that shorted a stock it'll be like oh you're part of the war street people like no don't don't even lend out your stocks to be shorted if you lend your stocks or you don't lend your stocks shorting is part of the game and the moment you start taking advantage of that the better for you instead of sitting there thinking that you're going to change the game before you started trading in the market the market was there shorting was part of the market so you think you're just going to show up today and be like i'm going to change the game and if you're mad at me or mad at people that are shorting joke is on you because guess what they're making money and you're watching so the earlier you get into the game and understand how what it means to short and how the profit from that the better it is for you the market is not your market it's everybody's you go in there take your own piece of the cake and get out you're not supposed to be stuck in the market it's funny because i see people are just starting like a year or two ago and with the rise of meme stocks and all these apes telling you to hold your stock so you can beat wall street that is so cute but guess what wall street is always going to win the the minute you start understanding that the better it is for you so take advantage of the market learn how to trade both ways so that said now how do you trade or short the stock in a cash account in webo again like i said the only way to short the stock it will be in webo would be for you to use a margin account but if you have a cash account here's what i want you to do first thing i want you to go to um the webo app apply for um options so apply the trade options in your account so once you are approved you can trade options then you are ready to take advantage of stocks going south so let's say for instance if you anticipate that hey um the economy is going to crash what do you do you can short the stock so in in this case you're doing options and again i'm going to explain this one very slow so in options you have calls and put again i said i'm going to start doing some videos here in options and i know i just want to answer these questions we're going to go back again from the beginning and define just all these terms so if you hear these terms just don't panic we're going to go back again and define them like i said we're going to be doing uh a step by step just going through it very slow with examples and trading so you guys are actually understand options so that it's going to be coming here uh in the next week and subsequently so if you have the ability to trade options uh again like i said you have calls and you have puts um so calls means that you're anticipating that the price of the stock is going to go long if you're buying uh puts you're anticipating that the price of the stock is going to drop so in this case if you want to short the stock you buy a put right so i'm going to jump right here and just going to show you guys a simple example here so let's say for instance um here is uh UAL um my ticket symbol here so if you if you're sitting in UAL and you know that hey um maybe the virus is going to hit us again let's say in december when people are traveling which means that airline companies are going to take a beating so you anticipate that the price of UAL is going to drop so if you don't have the ability to to actually short then you can come here you can buy a put so let's say for instance like um UAL is sitting right now at about 50 something dollars so right now 49 dollars and 80 cents so if you think that this thing is going to drop down to say 45 so you can pick your particular expiration date so you can pick this you say hey i anticipate that UAL is going to drop down to say 45 summer and by december so then you can come here you pick a strike price then you can now buy this put which means that you make money as the price of the stock drop so if the price of the stock keeps dropping you keep making more money so that would be a very simple way for you to short a stock um on the we will platform if you have a cash account again let me kind of recap this really uh nice and slow so here is uh what i expect for you to do first thing i want you to have the ability to trade options second i want you to understand calls and puts again like i said we're going to do a video here where we're going to really take this uh break it down and make sure that we understand what's going on as far as that with all the definitions once you understand put you're buying put anticipating that the price of the stock is going to drop so if i came in the morning and anticipated that the price of a stock was going to drop and then i look at my the current price is say 49 dollars and 72 cents and i think this price is going to drop down to say 45 then i can buy this 45 strike price put right here so that as the price of the stock drops i make money that is a very um layman way of actually shorting a stock without having a margin account in we will i know this is a little bit confusing but definitely let me know in the comment section i can actually do a full tutorial on this and show you guys how that's done in the cash account right here this is a cash account that i'm actually using right here just to demonstrate this so you put this put your order and then just place buy and once you buy that if you can see here once you buy that just want to say one 1.8 which is you're buying 100 shares it'll be 180 dollars for that but if you wanted to short this outright um this is 49,071 cents times 100 so you're looking close about 4900 so that is the advantage of actually using options to to do either calls or put because you don't tie a ton of liquidity um in the process here only using 180 dollars um to buy this particular put um but otherwise you have to spend 4900 dollars to to short their 100 shares that we we're talking about here so again let me know in the comment section guys if you're interested in the full um tutorial here i'll definitely can do some videos i just want to make sure to answer that question because it's something that a lot of you guys have been sending me DMs and asking like hell i have a cash account in Webull but i i cannot short a stop this would be easy way easy walk around so again i i hope that this was not too confusing for you if it is i totally understand because um on the channel we haven't covered um talked a lot about options but like i said we're starting to get into that it wouldn't start with basic definitions um and by no means i'm claiming to be an expert here in options i'm still a student i'm learning it um and so if you are one of those people and you want to be part of that learning process i'm gonna start doing some videos here showing you guys what i'm doing again i'm not taking all my liquidity and dump it in there i'm just smartly um doing it so again let me know if you are interested in seeing the full uh big picture i hope this question uh does help you understand how to short stocks again i'll call this a poor man way of shorting in Webull cash account if you're new here we're talking about how to earn money how to save money how to invest and build wealth if there's something that interests you go ahead and hit that subscribe button and your notification bell so you don't miss out on new content also guys if you're looking to get started with investing Webull has a promotion where you can sign up right now deposit five dollars you get free stocks or you can get free crypto if you sign up to trade crypto put the links in the description below and as always guys do your due diligence don't be green savage stay motivated


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Hi everyone, I'm Gala and I am from Neighborlydix. We are a company in Melbourne, Australia and what we do is we collect, analyze, and visualize social data. I'd like to start my presentation by acknowledging the traditional owners of the land and pay my respects to the elders past and present. Right, so I'm gonna be talking about social data today. Okay, let's get started. So to start off, I wanted to show a video to get you in the mindset of a city maker. In this video, you will see four new cities and four old cities. And I would like to accompany the video with a quote by a famous city maker called Jan Gell. In the old urban settlements, they always did it the other way around. First you'd have a path in human activity, then some sheds along the path. And over the centuries, these sheds turn into buildings and streets. So it starts with life, with people moving towards the river, towards wherever they're going. And then next, it's the spaces that human life requires. And then the buildings were built in relation to these spaces. This way we have streets formed by the feet and the town squares based on what the eye can see. So one of the things that really strikes me when you're looking at these cities is the difference in the structure. And if you've traveled to many of these cities, you will find that there's also a difference in the feeling. And some questions that I've asked myself is why? Why do they feel so different? Why is the experience so different? And can we use data to describe these differences and to understand them? So what even is city making? So I'll introduce it for those of you here who are not in the urban planning space or city making space. Most times the way that it works is they go and they collect just tons and tons of data, the census data, disadvantaged data, traffic and pedestrian flows, land use, property use or property sales, infrastructure like the roads and the buildings that are there. Maybe they'll have a consultant walking around like this area has a cafe field, whereas this area has an industrial field. If they have money, they'll have a survey maybe on the spot at a park or something or maybe send them by mail. And if there's some decisions to be made, they'll have some community engagement like a town hall. And all of this data just gets basically chunked into some analysis and a master plan is created. And there's a lot of issues with this process. And one main one that I think is quite important is there's not really a way to diagnose. So you made this plan and 10 years happened and you built a bunch of stuff and did that work? Did it do, you said you were gonna build an art precinct. Is it an art precinct? How do we define an art precinct? It's not very flexible and things change in these very large time spans. A lot of times the data when you're starting is already quite outdated like the census maybe was from a few years back. And so by the time you end it's not really what it used to be. A lot of the community engagement can be overcrowded by lobbying groups if they have a particular outcome in mind. And well surveys I mean they're expensive and also they're only as good as the questions that you ask. And as we all know sometimes when we do surveys people will say something but actually do another. So we've identified a lot of these problems and one of the things that I found and that in city making we find important is well people are gonna live in these cities and if people are gonna live there they should be at the center of the city making process. And one of the things that is very clear to me is that of all the data sets that I mentioned there wasn't a lot of data about what do people like in these spaces? What do they value? What brought them there? What keeps them there? What makes you wanna be in this neighborhood and become a part of it? And so I think city makers have really struggled to find this data is not quite clear where you go and get it from. And I think they have tried. And this data about people is just so important. And well we now have a lot of data about people because every day people wake up and they talk about the spaces that they use and how they use them. They talk about the cafe they went to and they talk about the park where they go with their family or maybe where they go running. So social data. We define it and by no means do we own this definition and this is what I'm gonna mean when I talk about social data. So we wanted to have a geospatial component. We wanted it linked to a physical place that is there. We wanted to be made unsolicited so kind of organically as people live their lives. And so therefore we wanted to be place focused because what we're interested in is places because we're city makers. And what we want to understand is data that will tell us about the behaviors of people's in connection with these places. So I list here a bunch of different sources but by no means is this exhaustive. This is just a subset. And these sources will change and they will evolve through time. So let me show you an example of what I mean. Oh sorry. Let me talk about my title topic. I can take this data and I can use it for lots of different things. I can use it to sell you things and I can use it where to go for dinner to tell you where to go for dinner. And one of the things that I think is very important is well, maybe the biggest problem with this data is not necessarily the fact that it's collected. Let's put that to the side. I think the most problematic thing is how it is used. It is being used to work against us. And so if we change that conversation, can we use this data to make better cities? And that's kind of the theme that we're trying to talk about at Neighborlydix and using social data for better cities. So I'll show you an example. So this is MacArthur Square. This is a park near my house. And so from a mapping kind of platform, we can gather that there are some businesses around that there's a main road that it's long. If I then go into its Facebook page, I can now start seeing that there's a picture and that there's this community group called Vic Rocks that seems to place rocks there. From public Facebook feed, I can see that there's this pop-up museum. And in the Instagram feed, I can not only see the pop-up museum, which is the images on the left, but I can see that there's dogs and that people like the buildings. This is not the entire feed, but one of the things I can see is that people really like photographing the trees that are there from the events. So these are Facebook events, but nothing to stop us from using Meetup or maybe Eventbrite. I can see that there's some historical stuff to this place. Maybe a historical meaning. From Twitter, I can see that people got angry about it being an out-leash dog park. And I can see pictures of trees again. And from Yelp and TripAdvisor, we can get, it actually, it's hard to read, but it basically says that there's some historical buildings in the area. And so we've gone and we queried all these different social media platforms and we now have learned so much about that place. And this is information that would be really, really hard to get in any other way. And we've done that and usually we can do that quite quickly. So what are some of the strengths of social data? It's scalable. If once you've done it for one place, it's quite easy to do it for other places. In fact, if you went to the previous talk, he was talking downstairs, he was talking about once you create scripts to absorb some of this data, you can just reuse them. It's organically generated. So people post about things and there's certainly bias about how they post about it, but they're posting about the spaces and this is information we wanna grab as city makers. And the other part is the reactive. So by creating these digital footprints of our neighborhood, we can then compare neighborhoods. We can also track the progress if a project is happening. And this is actually really useful information. We can also see a different dimension that we might not have seen before. And I wanna show you that by example. So here is two areas, right? And here's a classical way I would compare these cities of Singapore and Nairobi. And I can see that Singapore is more people and it's more dense and it's got a better GDP, whatever that means. However, these things are calculated. And as we absorb it, we're developing ideas about these two places. In this map, you can see in gray, it's all the Facebook pages that have a linked latlong or an address and in pink is all the Google places that you find in Google Maps. And so we can start seeing that Nairobi is actually really dense. And so there's something going on here because if I was looking at it the classical way, maybe I would have assumed that there was gonna be more things in Singapore. And so if I look at a picture, I can see that maybe it has to do with when these pictures were taken. But at least I'm starting to see some evidence that people in Nairobi are walking about and in Singapore, things seem a bit more organized. So I'm already starting to develop further and deeper ideas about these cities as a place. Right, so here's a bit more detail. Nairobi got 7,000 Facebook pages, a bit more. That's like more than seven times what Singapore got. And I'm not sure what this tells us, but it definitely is something we should take a look at and we should consider. And one of the things we have found is that Facebook places are usually linked to a more informal economy. And if you've been to Nairobi, that is something that you will know. You know, these markets, they have thousands and thousands of people operating in a very small space. And we should know that when we're city making. We should know about these informal economies. Greenfields have a lot of home businesses and we're not gonna pick that up by walking around and seeing who's registered their business. So as we dig deeper, we can also start finding evidence of things that are missing, maybe community services. So what are some of the weaknesses? I said pseudo open, but it's not totally open, right? Like these people, of all the different platforms, they have this data and they can decide to close it at any time. There's areas where there's not a lot of it, especially in rural areas or obviously areas where people don't use the internet as much. It's created differently in different places. So because this data is created organically, well, I don't know what are the things that drive people in Australia to post things versus America. That's something maybe Facebook would know, but I don't know it and so therefore I kind of have to act accordingly. It's got unknown biases. Everyone knows these types of biases, but I think one thing I wanna highlight is so do all the other data sets that are used for city making. Like not many people go to these town halls. In fact, a lot of people are really, really underrepresented in the city making process and this data going back to one of the strengths that I said is like it's generally available. And I think that's really powerful because it allows us to include more people in the city making process. And different, it's really difficult to collate it. So how do I know that Joe's Pizza and Joe's Pizzeria and Joe's is all the same place? That takes a lot of thinking, especially if you wanna automate it. And it just takes a lot of time and you have to kind of do it source by source. Okay, so some concluding remarks. So what if I told you that I was gonna, these pictures here are from Instagram?  But what if instead I told you that I was gonna use them to make your neighborhood more livable, to create, enhance and maintain a supportive environment for those who live there and spend time there, maybe to improve it? Social data gives us this ability to look at neighborhoods across the world, finding differences and similarities. These pictures that you see here, half of them are from a neighborhood in Mexico City called Roma. And half of them are from a neighborhood in Melbourne, Australia called Fitzroy. But when you look at it, they seem similar. And maybe we can learn from one place and the other. They have similarities no matter the fact that they're in totally different places in the world. This is not something that is easy to see when you are making cities. They have all these points of similarity and we can gain a lot from knowing that. Social data can give us these unique digital footprints which we can turn into insights to understand these heartbeats of these neighborhoods, what makes them tick? Why do people love some and then hate some? How do people live and how do people experience these places? This social data can give us this very unprecedented ability to learn and support city makers when they're building new cities. Sometimes when they're growing a city or maybe when they're trying to reinvigorate an area. One of the important parts about it is that this data is being posted by people and therefore it's people in the center. But most importantly is when we turn the focus from it being aggregated by person and we change it to be aggregated by place, then we lose a lot of the harms of the privacy and we get a lot of the gains of understanding the behaviors place-based. That's it.


He says humility was a particular virtue of Christ. It is therefore feared by the devil and despised by the world. It is, yeah. So I mean like the devil fears it. He does, because how does the devil tempt us? A lot of the time it's by plugging into this pride and ego and ambition. You know, and this pride and ego gives rise to not only to wrongful desires, but also to refusal to forgive, refusal to be charitable, refusal to sympathise with other people. So humility breaks down all of these and the truly humble person can't be overcome by the devil because the devil has nothing to offer them which could possibly distract them from virtue. Yeah.


37 English words for describing a person's appearance from espressoenglish.net Let's begin with the word beautiful. In English, this word is mostly used for women. We use the word handsome for men. To describe beautiful women, we also have the words pretty, lovely, gorgeous, and stunning. Stunning means extremely beautiful, like a woman who is so beautiful that she attracts a lot of attention. Another expression to describe a woman like this is to say that she turns heads, implying that when she walks down the street people turn their heads to focus their attention on her. The words attractive, good-looking, cute, and hot can be used for both men and women. Cute is a more playful word to say that a person is attractive. We often use cute for children and baby animals. And the word hot is a slang word that you should only use during informal conversations among friends. The opposite of beautiful or handsome is ugly, but that's a strong word, so most people express this idea using the negative form of one of the positive words. For example, she's not very attractive or he's not so good-looking.  Okay, now let's learn some words to describe body shape and size.  A person who is fat can also be described as overweight, heavy, big, or large.   The word curvy has a more positive connotation, implying that the woman has a nice, full, feminine body. If you want to say a specific part of the body is fat, you can say it is flabby.  The word flabby is typically used for arms, stomach, thighs, and butt. The opposite of fat is thin. Some alternative words are slim, slender, and skinny. In general, thin, slim, and slender are more positive, whereas skinny is often used as a criticism or negative point. The words lean and wiry mean that the person is thin and muscular. The word petite is only used for women and means that the woman is short and thin. Finally, the word lanky means tall and thin. What about a person with an athletic body? You can describe him or her as muscular, fit, strong, in good shape or ripped. That's a slang word meaning that the person has very well-defined and visible muscles, like the guy in this photo. Thanks for watching English Tips from Espresso English. If you liked this video, please share it.


Call to order. This is the 15th regular meeting of the 2011-2012 common council and as is customary our city clerk Sue Richards Will read the quote of the evening. Thank you, mayor We have a hope of succeeding if we learn from our past mistakes and pull together to make the hard choices Thank you, Sue roll call, please Belt boring here Carlson here Decker common Hammond here Heidemann here cut here Kittleson here Maddachuk here Racler here Samson here Ben Akron here Vanderbilt here and Percy here 15 press we have a quorum now if we can all join Alderman Maddachuk in the Pledge of Allegiance And to the Republic for which it stands Indivisible with liberty and justice for all Thank You Kevin looking for approval of the minutes of the prior common council meeting president Decker Second, we have a motion in a second to approve the minutes under discussion There's no discussion all in favor of approval say aye Opposed motion carries mayors appointments attorney McLean Hereby submit the following appointments for your consideration to the business improvement district Cleo messener Eileen Simmons Caitlyn Bratz Mike Miller Mary Christian and Bill Holbrook Terms expiring 9 12 2014 signed by the mayor. Thank You Steve that lies over to the next council meeting. That is all for appointments Okay, moving on we have the election of Alder person For district 5 to fill the vacancy vacated by former council president Rindflesch Okay Would anybody Miss Lissard I know you put in your name for district 5. Would you like to speak to the council if you would like to please? I want to thank the mayor attorney Alder persons For giving me this opportunity to speak to you. My name is Susan J. Lissard I live at 5 0 1 6 Menning Road in Sheboygan, Wisconsin I own and operate JNS property management and I am a real estate broker and a property manager My home and my company are both located in district 5. I've lived in Sheboygan since August 15th, 1990 I currently manage a mandoline apartments I do all aspects of property management and have been on this property since it was built 12 years ago Amanda Lane is a six million dollar property. It is running a professional and a personal manner From accounts payable and receivable budgets as well as tenant relations for move-ins to move-outs I also negotiate and supervise all contractors and contracted work projects. I also manage several homes I've been doing property management for over 30 years and I've been a real estate broker for half that time in In addition to my professional life, I currently sit on four committees with the city of Sheboygan Send the board of review housing authority Marine and Harbor and the redevelopment authority I am also very proud that I have been and will continue to be a board member to the Lakeshore weekend since its creation I'm currently serving as secretary. We have now entered our fourth year raising funds for Milwaukee Children's Hospital Having had a very successful benefit last year held on South Pier Working in a wonderful compliment to all the business owners on South Pier and we were able to donate $90,000 to Children's Hospital I'm a 17-year member of the American Legion auxiliary and have served as membership chairman in the past I've worked on benefits in the past and continue to work with the Bridgeway program addressing the needs of domestic abuse in our city Some of my proudest moments has been to the benefit of our fine city Took 11 years But to see the safety needs of the corner of Weedon Creek and South Business Drive come to fruition to ensure a safer environment To those who choose to travel this corner with determination and patience the project was completed When the discussion to close the fire station that directly affects my district I organized a listening session It was there that we discussed and heard the needs and thoughts of my fellow citizens as well as received information Directly from the fire department that was in attendance I also joined in the efforts to keep fire station open and happily it remains open today I care very deeply about public safety and protection in my district and that and the entirety of our city Through the years, I've raised funds for our police department to purchase video camera Will it prove vests for our police dog and have fought to have one of their buildings donated to them? To say that I am proud of Sheboygan would be an understatement. I care what happens and how it happens I want to see Sheboygan move forward in a positive manner I feel that the voice of my district needs to be heard and I would like to be the one that's listening I Have the time and the ability but most importantly I have the desire and the concern I am involved and my involvement has and will continue to be a positive attribute to the city I ask for your favorable response and support in becoming the older person for district 5. Thank you very much Thank You Sue Okay, we will now Have the election process President Decker I move that nominations be received from the floor voting to be done by open ballot and if more than two candidates are nominated Candidate with the lowest number of votes be dropped from the list and Balloting to continue until one candidate receives the majority Second we have a motion and a second to open the floor Are there any nominations from the floor for older person for district 5? We are looking for nominations from the floor if there are no nominations the seat will not be filled nominate Susie Lissard We have a nomination. Do we have a second second? We have a motion and a second To nominate Ms. Lissard for older person of district 5. Do we have any other? nominations for older person from the floor Going twice any other nominations And as is customary three times are there any other nominations? If there are not President Decker, thank you, Mr. Mayor I move that nominations be closed and that we direct the city clerk to cast a unanimous ballot for Susie Lissard Office of all the person of district 5 We have a motion and a second To close nominations and cast a unanimous ballot for Ms. Susie Lissard for district 5 All in favor say aye Opposed no Okay, we have some eyes and some nose so we will go to We will go to a ballot Attorney McLean will hand out the ballots fill out your ballot and as Sue always says Sign and print your name so she can read it. Please fold it in half and pass it to your left By vote of the council the Council has voted not to Confirm Ms. Lissard for older person for the fifth district Therefore their the seat is not filled and I believe that it Would be up to the council, but it will not be filled for the remainder of this term which would be until April We had no other nominations or no other candidates Council has voted not To vote for Ms. Lissard to be the older person for the fifth district. It would be proper to hold another election We had three weeks for candidates to come forward Ms. Lissard was the only candidate to come forward and this council has voted not to Confirm Ms. Lissard as the older person Do we need to take a vote of the council to not fill this position? Steve or what do you what do you think? Yeah without The one candidate receiving majority I guess the option for the council would be to Take a vote to leave the vacancy Open until the next Next election the term is up the council has chosen not to Give the one candidate it's running a majority of the vote so therefore I Think it would be possible for the council to say well you still want to have another election, but give it a few more weeks I think that's Probably not fair to the the one candidate did Choose to So I would say that it would be in order to for the council to make a motion to leave the position vacant until the General election, okay, do we have a motion on the floor Alderman van Akron you hit? Yes, mr. Mayor, I just have a question for clarification Former Alderman Ryan flesh this seat doesn't actually that term runs until 2013 So both of those seats then would be up in this April's election if we leave it vacant I'm just saying what okay. Thank you Alderman versey. Did you have a mayor? Yes? I'd like to make that motion to leave the seat vacant until this coming April Second we have a motion in a second to leave the seat for the older person of district 5 vacant until the spring the April general election Under discussion if there is none all in favor say aye Opposed no Okay, let's do a roll call vote on that Sue yep, and I vote would leave the seat open a no vote I Will put it back under more discussion Sue, okay. Thank you belt Born hi Carlson. Hi Decker. Hi, I'm sorry. I'm in no Hammond. Hi. Hi to men. Hi Coss. Hi kiddleson. No Matochek. Hi racer. Hi Samson. Hi, Van Akron. No Vanderweel and versey. I 12 eyes three nose Motion carries. I thank you Sue Okay, public forum Sue this evening. We have three on our public forum first one will be delcy Johnson If you could come forward, please It's a little squishy over there Delcy can I have home address, please 1306 North 3rd Street, Sheboygan And you will have five minutes Mayor Ryan city clerk Richard city attorney McLean Alderman and citizens in April of 2010 when the council approved hiring Four more firefighters mayor Ryan promised to present a long range reorganization plan for the fire department by December 31st 2010 when the council negotiated no layoffs in 2011 for the department Mayor Ryan made that his excuse for not following through on his promise in Response to a request from Alderman born chief Herman presented his long-range plan options to the council in August Chief Herman seemed to support four stations Which would involve closing the downtown station and station number five and building a new station on 14th Street Complete with the community center and ice skating ring However, when he discussed the options that the strategic fiscal planning committee meeting on Thursday his original plan had changed Now his plan is to close the downtown station and the headquarters station and Build a new headquarters in four bay station in the vicinity of 17th and Erie or 14th and Niagara The strategic fiscal planning committee voted four to one to file chief Herman's long-range plan options in effect kicking the Can down the road again There will be four retirees in the fire department this year and chief Herman plans to replace them in April of 2012 It seemed to me that his main concern was how he would handle promotions if the council decides to close the station When Mayor Ryan first spoke of a long-range plan He expressed support for a half full-time paid and a half paid on call department Which would be accomplished through attrition and would take 15 to 20 years At Thursday's meeting chief Herman noted that he expects six retirements in 2012 and 8 in 2013 Suggesting that perhaps that would be the time to reorganize But why wait another year when when with four retirements you could start the restructuring process now This would most likely involve closing the station and chief Herman is determined that it will be the downtown station Which is the station that has the greatest number of calls? There are only three firefighters at the downtown station They cannot take any action until another unit arrives because they need four men on site to act But there are only two men at station number five So they also need to wait until another unit arrives before they can act Given that the downtown station receives the most calls It would make more sense to close the station with the fewest calls Resulting in fewer calls with the longer response time then to close the station with the most calls Resulting in the most calls with the longer response time in 2010 the department answered a total of 99 structure fire calls which averages less than two calls per station per month If the downtown station had 40s fire structure calls in a year There would be 40 calls with a longer response time and a station five had only five structure fire calls in a year There would only be five calls with a longer response time As for arguments about public safety issues in response times It is interesting that half of Sheboygan's firefighters live outside the city where they depend on volunteer fire protection for their property and family With evidently no concern about response times and personal safety issues Sheboygan has more fire stations per square mile than any other city of comparable size and population in the state of Wisconsin Sheboygan service area is 14.1 square miles and its five stations far exceed the number of stations for cities of comparable size and population by comparison Janesville is 28.1 square miles and also has five stations Beloit is 15.4 square miles and three stations Wausau 17.8 square miles three stations La Crosse 22.2 square miles four stations The average response time in Sheboygan with five stations is three minutes seven seconds with four stations The average response time would be three minutes fifty four seven seconds Chief Herman has cited the department's inspection and education programs as contributing to reducing the number of fire calls The taxpayers cannot continue to fund at the department for the worst possible scenario and the public would continue to be well Served with a reduction in the number of stations I hope that the council will agree to move forward with the reorganization of the fire department starting in 2012 The council is aiming to keep the projected tax living the same as this year But you need to do better than that lower assessed values will mean that property taxes will still rise Many of your constituents are losing their homes and are unemployed the city's unemployment rate remains at 9.1% The county unemployment rate is six point nine percent And statewide the unemployment rate is seven point eight percent The city's allocation to the Meade library will be a hundred thousand dollars less than last year because of Employee contributions to their retirement and health care the budgets for all of the departments should also reflect this change because of employee Contributions and undoubtedly there are other savings to be found in the proposed budget as well When I served on the council from 1980 to 88 the committee of the home at numerous times and reviewed the budget line by line I always found many items that could be eliminated and I'm sure you alderman could do the same There is still a deficit of nine hundred thousand dollars to be dealt with and I hope the council will not decide to use Reserve funds to make up this difference, but instead make further cuts to the budget. Thank you Next next on the list would be milk storm milk. Can I have your home address, please? Yes, it's 1736 Marvin court That's in Sheboygan and you will have five minutes, sir. Thank you Again, I want to thank mayor Ryan for this opportunity to address this council I may not be very cordial in some of the things I would like to address Previous councils have had some good resolutions and then other things in my opinion have been very dissatisfactory The recall and removal of a present mayor has been one of the dumbest ideas I have witnessed an experience in this city for the 50 years that I've been a taxpayer After speaking at the previous council meeting I again received an anonymous threatening and vulgar letter Being an all-army veteran. I'm now moving into action. I Would like to challenge the council to have former assisted us attorney, Steve Biscopit investigate me and Patrick Gillette in an open public forum Maybe something similar to a quasi judicial The citizens of Sheboygan need to know the truth about the recall process Also in regard to Sheboygan press articles and editorial letters the public needs factual rather than misguided and questionable information With the upcoming retirement the public works director bill Bittner creates another physical problem of finding a qualified department head as bill was even Jim Jim Amadeo has been given more responsibility that he doesn't need although he is very qualified in any task that he takes On with that maybe a reduced salary. I'm sorry. That's a little sarcastic humor You see my boss paid me in peanuts and sometimes I didn't even get the shell as a member of neighbors against drugs I serve a surveyed many Sheboygan neighborhoods to eliminate drug activity So it was my pleasure. I selected Chad Pellecek one Saturday to survey the Erie Hill neighborhood I educated him where all the drug houses were and were some residents. We would receive some negative responses To analyze recalls and improve the wellness of our neighborhoods Let me repeat a statement. I made it a previous public forum many about a year ago It is the wellness of our spirits and our souls that determines the wellness of our reasoning in our thinking In addition, there is no person that is so bad that God cannot say and by that same reason There is no one so good that doesn't need a little saving grace Do the right thing if you can and let's move forward and do the work that you are elected to do. Thank you Thank you, Mel next Dimple Adams would be last. Well, can I have your home address, please? Yes, it's Dimple Adams I live at 1424 Virginia Avenue And you will have five minutes. Thank you, and I am a taxpayer And I've lived there since the mid-80s and I've lived in the area since 1976 and I can hear you better tonight. My eardrum is no longer bruised I thank all of you Including the mayor city clerk Susan Richards and attorney steven clean and the council members for allowing me to speak tonight Also, thank you all for the service that you do for our city And that also includes that row on the back that group of people on the back row and some on the second row I am very grateful To live in a city that offers services and I feel that that's what we're all about I have two quick commercials before I get to the point of my letter One is if you have not been to the north south Play that's going on right now. Lay miss Robles the musical at North High School You need to get there They're going to be playing again on Thursday Friday and Saturday nights at seven and it is a wonderful production and The press needs to give it a little bit of attention also There's also another group of students that got together this summer and They call themselves the music union and they performed a little concerts around the city and They earned money to donate to the north-south music programs because of the cuts that have been done and they're going to be Entertaining us again at the z-spot on the 23rd of November So if you're not doing anything that night show up. They also have CDs to sell Okay budget time is coming up cuts are coming and Again, your job is to offer services and I did not like that I saw that privatizing might be part of our garbage pickup But I will be very interested to see how that goes forward But the main reason that I'm here tonight is to talk about what I talked with you a couple of weeks ago with the committee of the whole and That is my vote now my Opinion of what has always gone on has been that we elect the executive person and That you guys are the legislatures You're elected for two year terms Eight of you are elected new every year So I came to the committee of the whole meeting the other night to make sure that I had it straight in my mind This new table of operation that we have in the city when we appointed the city Administrator that you did last month and you've taken away the powers of our mayor He only has input. He has no say so Or no authority is my understanding and it's my understanding that mr. Amato I'm not sure if I said your name right, but I certainly Do know who you are Doesn't have a whole lot of authority either that he has to answer to three alderman and The president of the council is now the executive person For our city of government that was the way I understood it when I left her the other night if I have it wrong I want you guys to explain it because I don't like that and if I'm going to be coming to vote For someone that's not going to have executive powers That I'm not going to go vote You guys are only elected for two years and I respect that and Each of you are elected eight one year and eight the next So I am thinking that some of you have taken the mayor's issues on a personal level and Have put this council on steroids and I'm not real happy about that. I Don't even know what the mayor's duties are anymore. I don't understand. I don't know what he's supposed to do He shows up for work every day. He has a problem that he has admitted to There has been embarrassment to the city I Personally do not think that mayor Ryan has embarrassed me. What has embarrassed me is how the press and How this council has gone after this problem and some of you have made it personal and You can say no, I haven't but you know you have and now we have two attorneys involved The other night you had a committee of the whole meeting and it was closed We have no idea what's going on with the investigation Because you're not allowing us to know that's not right I'm a taxpayer and I want to know what's going on in this city With those attorneys and I think it's time and six weeks two months time surely to have been time to investigate this whole issue Excuse me temple year five minutes up. Would you like the additional? I would like one more minute Because there's something else I would like to say Is that I am this is also November 11th is Veterans Day and I was a young wife in my 20s for six years During the Vietnam era and my husband went to Vietnam for a year when I had a two-year-old My brother was hurt in Vietnam and he passed away last year and he's going to have a full military on his burial In January at Arlington, which I'm extremely proud of I Am a lifetime member of the VFW and so I want to honor all the veterans That are presently serving and that have served and I especially Want to honor our mayor Who is an ex-marine? You're never an ex-marine.  Thank you. Thank you Thank you temple next Okay Mayor's announcements I did not intend to make any announcements this evening and I don't have any announcements, but I would like to make a couple comments Forgive me if what I say, maybe I shouldn't but I have to I Can't understand How this council when we have somebody Put in for the position of Alderperson to fill a whole five months of a term or six months whatever it is The only person to come forward how this council would instead decide To just not fill that position because that person may not have the exact same Political views or agenda that they do I find it disturbing and I Do and I have to say that Is Lissard has served on city committees She has spoken before this council on numerous occasions in the six years that I've been around here On the council and as mayor But obviously This council some of us don't agree with everything that she They stand for whether that is being profiled department or putting a rotary out on Weedon Creek and South Business Drive Or simply being outspoken I don't you know, I didn't plan on saying this this evening, but I have to I just don't think it's right. I think that This council has become far too political a Representative one council member is 1 16th of the vote to keep that open because some of us have decided that This person doesn't agree with everything that we'll want. I just don't think it's proper and I had to say that We'll move on to the consent agenda Consent agenda 15 1 through 15 16 President Decker We have a motion in a second on the consent agenda Under discussion if there is no discussion All in favor Roll call, please I Motion carries communications and petitions 15 17 to be referred reports of officers to 15 18 and 15 19 lies over until November 21st 1520 through 1540 to be referred resolutions introduce 315 41 by President Decker promoting civil public discourse President Decker We have a motion in a second to put the resolution upon its passage under discussion all their person Kittleson Thank You mayor. I guess this came about I guess I'd like some explanation tell me about this President Decker, would you like to explain what promoting civil public discourses? It's my understanding that at the last annual meeting of the League of Wisconsin municipalities Are in the league The resolution was adopted Similar to this and Resolution Requested that all the municipalities throughout the state Encourage the promotion of civil public discourse and the league disseminated this proposed resolution for all the cities and villages in the state to consider to adopt so that's the basis for Thank you. Thank you attorney McLean. Thank you all the person Kittleson any further discussion If there is no further discussion, we'll call please Carlson Decker Haman Hammond Item in class. I Kittleson. I Manichuk Raceler Samson. I an Akron. I Vanderwill. I versi and belt 15 eyes motion carries 1542 by Alderperson's racelor versi Kittleson Decker and Samson lifting the hiring freeze in order to hire a community Development specialist in the city development department Alderman raceler I'd make a motion to move the suspend the rules, please Do we have a motion in a second to suspend the rules? Does any what anybody like an explanation of as to why the rules need to be suspended? The rules are suspended. Thank you I'd move that the resolution be put upon its passage second We have a motion in a second to put the resolution upon its passage under discussion There is no discussion. We'll call please Carlson. I Decker Haman. I Hammond. I Heidemann. I cause I Kittleson. I Manichuk raceler Samson I van Akron. I Vanderwill. I versi I belt and boron 15 eyes motion carries 1543 by Alderperson's racelor versi Kittleson Decker and Samson lifting the hiring freeze in order to hire a plumbing Slash environmental inspector in the city development department Alderman raceler. Thank you. Mr. Mayor again request a motion to move to second Would anybody like an explanation of why the rules need to be suspended? The rules are suspended. Please continue. Thank you. I move that the resolution be put upon the passage second We have a motion in a second to put the resolution upon its passage under discussion There's no discussion roll call, please Decker Haman. I Hammond. I Heidemann. I Cough I Kittleson. I Manichuk raceler I Samson. I van Akron I Vanderwill I versi I Belt I boron. I and Carlson. I 15 eyes motion carries 1544 through 1548 to be referred Reports of committee 7 1549 by law and licensing recommending denying beverage operators license number 9331 Based upon her failure to accurately accurately reveal all relevant convictions on her application and her record of violations Related to the licensed activity under person Vanderwheel. Thank you. Mr. Mayor. I'm with the RC be accepted and adopted second We have a motion and a second to accept and adopt under discussion is Lee Miller here tonight She's not here on it. Please continue We denied her license based on two very recent underage drinking and a disorderly convex at a party and There was negative recommendation from the police department Very good. Any further discussion There is no further discussion roll call, please Hammond I Heidemann I Kittleson I Manichuk raceler I Samson I Van Akron I Vanderwheel I Versi I belt I boron I Carlson I and Decker 15 eyes motion carries 1550 by law and licensing recommending denying beverage operators license number 9339 based upon here for her failure to accurately reveal all relevant convictions on her application and her record of violations related to the licensed activity All the person Vanderwheel. I move that the RC be accepted and adopted second We have a motion and a second under discussion is Megan Stadler here tonight She is not here Committee voted three deserted and I her license. We had a negative recommendation from the police department and many a recent Very good any further discussion If there is no further discussion roll call, please Hammond I Heidemann I Kittleson I Manichuk raceler I Samson I Van Akron I Vanderwheel I Versi I belt I boron I Carlson I Decker 15 eyes motion carries Ordinances introduced 10 1551 by Alderpersons raceler versi Kittleson Decker and Samson Amending the municipal code so as to change the job description for the position of plumbing environmental inspector in the city development department Alderman raceler. Thank you. Mr. Mary again move to suspend the rules, please second motion in a second to suspend the rules I think we know why please continue. I move that the ordinance you place upon its passage second we have a motion in a second to Place the ordinance upon its passage under discussion There is no discussion roll call, please Heidemann I Kittleson I Manichuk raceler I Samson I Van Akron I Vanderwheel I Versi I belt I boron I Carlson I Decker I common I Hammond I 15 eyes motion carries 1552 through 1554 to be referred Matters laid over 11 1435 general ordinance number 32 11 12 by Alderpersons raceler Kittleson and Samson Amending the municipal code so as to delete the current planning and development Specialists and create the job description of community development specialist in the city development department Thank you, Mr. Mayor. I don't think that we need to suspend the rules for this I move that the ordinance be put upon its passage second We have a motion a second to put the ordinance upon its passage under discussion Alderman boron Thank You mayor. I believe this position is this job description is for an update For the person that's retiring in that department Carol Rudy and I believe Carol is going to be retiring soon And I would like to thank personally thank Carol for her many years of dedicated service to the city of Sheboygan and Again, thanks, and I agree Carol is our Carol has been with the city longer than any other current employee. How's that Sue? Okay, and and Carol's great. I love calling the Department of Development and carries Carol says city development And I say hello Carol. This is the mayor. What may I do for you today? So we've been doing that for the last few years So we'll all miss Carol. She's great. Thank you Alderman born Okay, I don't think that's what we're discussing here though, right okay for 1435 We have a motion and a second hundred and any further discussion There is no real call, please Kittleson Racelor Samson, I van Akron van der wheel Versi Born Carlson Decker Hammond and Heidemann Motion carries general ordinance number 331112 by Alderpersons Racelor Versi Kittleson Samson and Decker Amending the municipal code so as to delete and add various positions to the to in the finance department Alderman Racelor. Thank you, Mr. Mayor. I again move that the ordinance put upon its passage We have a motion and a second to put the ordinance upon its passage under discussion If there is no discussion, we'll call please Kittleson I Manichuk Racelor Samson, I van Akron van der wheel, I versi belt Lauren Carlson, I Decker Hammond Hammond, I Heidemann I 15 eyes motion carries 1437 general ordinance number 341112 by Alderpersons Racelor Versi Kittleson Samson and Decker amending municipal code so as to delete and add Various positions to the municipal court table of organization Alderman Racelor. Thank you, Mr. Mayor again, I move that the ordinance put upon its passage Motion and a second to put the ordinance upon its passage under discussion There is no discussion we'll call please Manichuk Racelor Samson, I van Akron van der wheel, I versi belt Lauren Carlson, I Decker Hammond, I Hammond, I Heidemann, I Kott, I and Kittleson, I 15 eyes motion carries 1443 general ordinance number 351112 by Alderpersons Hammond, Boren, Manichuk and van Akron amending the municipal code for as to provide a Petty cash fund for the city clerk's office Alderman Hammond Motion and a second to put the slush fund upon its passage under discussion Under discussion If there is no discussion we'll call please Racelor Samson van Akron van der wheel, I versi Come on belt Boren, I How much is this fund by the way? Carlson, I Decker Hammond, I Hammond Donald I Heidemann, I Kott, I Kittleson, I and Manichuk, I 15 eyes Motion carries. Other matters authorized by law attorney McLean 1555 is an arrow by the city clerk submitting communication from Gretchen Thomas Assistant superintendent of the Sporgan area school district submitting the approved tax levy for the 2011-2012 school year We'll be going to finance 1556 is an arrow by the city clerk submitting various license applications for the period ending June 30 2012 and June 30 2013 To law and licensing 1557 is an arrow by the city clerk submitting communication from Joe Jantz owner of tidy car Sheboygan requesting encroachments for areas around his business in 810 North 14th Street and 1418, Wisconsin Avenue will be referred to city planning 1558 is an ordinance granting Mr. And Mrs. Jantz their errors in the signs privilege and approaching upon described portions of North 15th Street located at North 15th Street Wisconsin Avenue in the city for the purpose of paving a parking lot We'll also go to city planning 1559 is an ordinance granting mr. Mrs. Jantz their errors in the signs privilege of encroaching upon described portions of Wisconsin Avenue located at North 15th Street in Wisconsin Avenue in the city for the purpose of paving a parking lot We'll be referred to city planning 1560 is an arrow by the city clerk submitting as a matter of information the statement from the city clerk regarding the cost for potential recall primary and or recall elections in For Mayor Ryan these figures have not been included in my budget request for 2012 That lies over till the next council meeting 1561 is an arrow by the city clerk submitting a communication from Patricia a home Suggesting that the vacant aldermanic seat for district number five be held open until a general election can be held in April 2012 We have a motion in a couple seconds to file this document Under discussion all in favor of filing say aye opposed documents filed Motion in a second to adjourn all in favor say aye Opposed motion carries. Thank you everybody


Thank you very much. I'm James O'Keefe. I'm a cardiologist from Kansas City. I'm going to talk to you about potential damage from excessive, endurance, extreme, cardiovascular exercise. So this is a topic that is very controversial. And I'm coming to you as a lifelong exercise aficionado. I love to exercise. I'm sort of a hyperactive kid. It's one of the reasons I went into cardiology in the first place. I really love exercise. It calms me down. And then when I'm in cardiology, I see all the problems that come up when people don't exercise. So to us, to cardiologists, this is sacrilege. And I've gotten a lot of feedback. I mean, a lot of negative flashback. We've published two or three papers in the last two or three months on this issue. But the science is really coalescing. And it's telling a really interesting story that I think you'll find interesting. So let's go back to the beginning of the marathon. Fadipides was the first marathoner. He was a Greek herald messenger runner and he ran for a living. He didn't use a horse. He would run messages back and forth. He was about 40 years of age. There was a big war going on, the Greco-Persian War, about 490 B.C. And it would have been a busy time. It was towards the end of the war and things were getting intense. And he was running 150 miles, about 48 hours, the 48 hours before the day of the first marathon. And on the day of the first marathon, he got up and he was a little sore and he was a little tired. But it's time to go to work. Well, it turns out that the Greeks beat the Persians that day in a battlefield outside of Marathon. And so he ran from Marathon back to Athens, which was about 26 miles. And when he got there, he said, victory is ours. He collapsed and died. Not an auspicious debut for the marathon, right? People seemed to forget that. Then they actually became a race in 1896 in the first modern Olympiad. And they decided, well, let's do a long distance race. And why not commemorate Fidipides with the marathon? And it's a strange place in America these days. In the last 30 years, while obesity has tripled, the number of people running a marathon has gone up 20-fold. Kind of like the old Dickens novel. It was the best of times. It was the worst of times. We tend to embrace extremes in America. And Marathon running, Hippocrates was one of the contemporaries of Fidipides. A few years younger. But I wonder if this was not influenced him, one of his quotes. He was the father of medicine, by the way, modern medicine. He says, the right amount of nourishment and exercise, not too little, not too much, is the safest way to health. He figured this out 2,500 years ago. This is not rocket science. This is perfect common sense.  Have you ever run a marathon? Yeah, most people, yeah. So I ran a marathon when I was in medical school a long time ago. And I was miserable. And I was like 23 at the time. My knees were sore. I was sort of hypothermic and confused by the end of it. And I thought, you know, even though I loved exercise, I thought this is not my favorite kind of exercise. I haven't run one since. And although I have probably been exercising too much, as it turns out. I'll tell you about that later. But so there's been these, you know, rash of marathon deaths that have runners on edge. And it's interesting to notice that 50% of the deaths in a marathon. And I went back up to say deaths in the marathon are not the big problem. That's sort of like the, you know, the tip of the iceberg. The bigger problem is this is not ideal for cardiovascular health or for longevity. This is kind of like the obvious catastrophe. And by the way, 50% of the deaths of these long-distance races like full-distance triathlons or marathons paradoxically occur in the last mile, the last few minutes of the race. I haven't really figured out why that is, but it probably has something to do with cardiac fatigue and then a burst of catecholamines, adrenaline, towards the end, you know, and it triggers an arrhythmia. But in any event, one of my good friends, like a lot of my social network is composed of people who over-exercise. But anyway, one of them is a girl named Megan. They're in the middle. And she was like one of the top female triathlons in America last year.  But she's 30, and I've been telling Megan, well, last year, for example, she did like 10 real high-level triathlons, mostly one full-distance triathlon and mostly were Olympic distance, about two hours of hammering it. So she won the female, overall female, in about six of them, and the other six, she collapsed before the end of the race. You know, so they start testing her up, and, you know, she can generate just ridiculously high, hyperthermia temperatures. I mean, she's just basically, I told Megan, you know, we got to, you got to find a better outlet for your over-achieving, you know, kind of nature. And she admits, and, you know, she's going to quit this year. But in any event, anybody ever had born to run? This is like the Bible. I read this, too. This is the Bible. And even when I read it out, you know, this is glorifying ultra-distance running. It's really accurate. It's saying that we're born to run. In fact, we're born to walk. The latest science would suggest we're really born to walk, and running was meant to do on an intermittent, you know, chasing a monkey for a few hundred yards or running away from a tiger for a quarter of a mile or something. But under no circumstances would we be running 26 miles at a time. Not in our paleolithic ancestry. So the star of born to run is going to be Micah Tru, the mythic epic runner who'd run a hundred miles in a day and in the Copper Canyons with the Tahirumara Indians in northern Mexico. And so he died at the end of March this year. He was out on a little 12-mile training run, which is like a walk in the park for him in sort of the backwoods in the mountains of New Mexico. Took him four days to find his body. When they found it, they did an autopsy, and they said, he died of idiopathic cardiomyopathy, which in cardiac language means a weak, thickened, stiff heart muscle, a diseased heart of unknown cause. But I looked at the pathology report and, in fact, his heart was a poster child for what we've dubbed Phadipides cardiomyopathy. Okay? His heart was enlarged, stiff, thick, especially the right ventricle and the two atrio. Stiff, thick, sort of like accelerated aging. His heart was irritable. He was out on a training run. He was 58 years of age. That's when this starts kicking in. You can get away with it when you're 15 or 20 or 25 or 30 or 35 or 40. Things start, you know, happening around 40, 45. It's about when I started noticing palpitations and problems when I'd really hammer it. And in fact, I have a bunch of friends. One of my best friends is a cardiologist from down in New Orleans. And he has been running 50 miles a week forever. Cardiologists tend to be, you know, exercise addicts. But, and these days when he goes out to do even a 5K or 10K run, he has to take fleckenheit which is an anti-rhythm because it gets atrial fibrillation just before it starts. Atrial fibrillation is epidemic among endurance athletes. A lot of them don't even know they're having it. It's a rapid irregular heart rate that can predispose to stroke. So there are signals out there and that this might not be healthy. But in any event there's no doubt, and this is what I really want to make sure you understand, is that exercise is among the very most important things you can do for your health. Let's put that right out there right now. This is not an excuse to sit on the couch. Okay? This, you know, this is fitness. This is like fitness level better than 10 mats. If you can skip rope you can do 10 mats. If you can jog at 6 miles an hour that's about 10 mats. Okay? A 10 minute mile. If you can do that that plateaus out.  Which is a pretty low level exercise. Have a hard time, you know, doing more than two flights of stairs that I'm going to stop and catch your breath. So, but the point is, and we just wrote an article that was published in Lancet on this topic, but this was an article in the same journal of half a million Chinese and this is physical activity for an hour, up to an hour. This is, the red line is moderate activity, light to moderate activity. Vigorous activity is here and even vigorous is less than 10 mats. But you can see this is mortality reduction. You get the most benefit at about 40 to 50 minutes and then there's a rather sort of sudden plateau. And like a lot of things in life, there's a U-curve. This is an upside down U-curve, but it's the U-curve of life. We see it with alcohol.  You see it with exercise. So, when you're sitting here still you're consuming about 1.5 mats. If you're sleeping it's 1 mat. If you're watching TV it's 1 mat. If you're thinking hard, hopefully like you are now, it's about 1.5 mats. So, it's the resting metabolic rate. It's the energy you're burning to keep the lights on and your furnace running. So, a well-trained athlete can do 25 mats. So, the point is that the dose, like a lot of things makes the poison and exercise benefits, if we had a pill that was exercising a pill, I'd be out of business. Exercise is so great for so many things. I mean, it will have, if you exercise for 30 to 45 minutes a day, sort of moderate to vigorous exercise, it'll cut your risk of dementia, early death, diabetes, heart disease, stroke, in half. Not to mention depression and improving quality of life. In half there's nothing else that gives you those kinds of benefits. But like any potent drug, too little is not enough. If you get up and just walk back and forth to the refrigerator from time to time, that's not going to do it.  Too much medicine can be harmful. This is a potent drug. You go out and exercise for 6 or 10 hours a day, you're going to be in trouble. It might take a decade or two or three or four, but there's a lot of veteran, extreme endurance athletes out there who are getting in trouble right now because we're just figuring this out. So, the big thing to keep in mind is that there's a totally different thing between performance, peak performance and peak fitness, and exercise for conferring, longevity and overall health. And when you're an athlete you think more is better, harder is better. The more fit I can get, the more I can go. If I can do a full distance triathlon wow, then I know I'm really bulletproof. Wrong. That's the wrong pattern. So, the truth is exercise conferred powerful benefits. The belief is more is better, but we now are coming to understand that exercise conferrs unique and potent benefits, but you can overdo it. Believe me, you can overdo it. All right, so a really interesting study that I was part of and my best friend from down in New Orleans was the lead author on this study was very insightful in this regard. This is the U-shape curve we're talking about and so they looked at 50,000 people in the Cooper Clinic and they followed them for up to 35 years, like 20 years of follow-up. And they found among the runners they had a 19% lower risk of death than the non-runners. But among the runners, those who ran at moderate speeds, moderate distances and moderate frequencies did the best. And so that means 2 to 5 times a week did better than people who did this at once, or 7 times or 6 times. People who ran at speeds around 10 minute miles did the best. That's a pretty slow jog.  But this is like 20 years of follow-up. This is pretty darned good data. And people who were the distances, what do you think the best distance was? More is not better. It's like how many miles a week you think? Not more than 20. Yeah, 5 to 20. You could run a mile and a half 3 times a week and you'd be at the bottom of that U-curve. It's amazing.  You get less benefits. And if you start running marathons, you start getting to look like the non-exercises with respect to your cardiovascular risk. So, let's just talk a few minutes about what happens when you go out. When you're sitting here, we're talking about METs, your cardiac output is 5 liters a minute. When you go out and you're a trend athlete and you're hammering up a hill full speed or you're running a marathon, you're, this is about a gallon a minute at rest, it's more like 6 times that. A trained athlete, Lance Armstrong Miguel Enderain, you know, the best athletes in the world will generate 35 to 40 liters a minute. This is massive cardiac output and you can train up to do it but after a while it takes its toll and what happens is this volume starts stretching the heart out and the myocardial cells start getting pulled apart. After a few hours and a few decades of doing this every day it starts pulling the muscles apart and causing tears in the muscle and you see troponin elevations in up to 50% of people after a marathon even trained marathoners, half of them. A troponin is what I measure if we come in and you have a heart attack, we measure the troponin to see if there's been heart damage. It's a synachquonone. If you have a high troponin, you've had heart damage. Half of marathoners have heart damage by the end of the race and you can replicate this perfectly well in running rats, running mice. You have to run them for like over an hour day hard, really hard for about four months and you'll see this scar tissue form and it makes the heart. These are MRI images as hard to see but you get these scattered fibrosis in the right ventricle in the atria from this volume sort of stretching the heart causing accelerated aging in the heart. Training goes like this. This is big like a marathon or a full distance triathlon or a 100 mile bike ride through the mountains really hard. The kind of thing where you're really shot afterwards. It takes you days to recover. A really hard effort. What happens is it's an acute reversible injury. Your proponents are up, we did echo in your heart your right ventricle wouldn't be contracting as well. Your age would be a little bigger. By seven to ten days it's all back to normal if you've been recovering. But when you do this you're stronger to these bouts when you're 20 or 30. But when you start to get middle age what happens is you don't fully recover. Before you know it you have this overtrained hypertrophied stiff accelerated aging heart. That's not what we're looking for when we're trying to get in shape right? We don't want an accelerated aging heart and in fact chronic marathoners after 25 these people who've been marathoning for 25 years at least more than one marathon a year for 25 years these are veteran endurance athletes they had twice the coronary plaque in their coronary arteries as sedentary controls. It's not good and there have been three or four studies like this. Again it's very controversial. So not only did they have more plaque but they had twice as many events as the sedentary people. Again I'm not telling you to be sedentary. Remember the bottom of that curve is exercise but you just have to be moderate about it. Atrial fibrillation five-fold increase incidence like in my best friend I see it all the time. I can feel it myself not atrial fibrillation but I can feel my heart getting irritable if I overdo it. If I run too hard run too hard if I don't allow myself to recover and AFib is a big stroke risk. So just to summarize what happens. Strenuous exercise and a lot of this is still evolving so I'm not going to be able to really tack it down and people say well how much and what kind and you know we really don't know the common sense. All right. So high catechol. Your adrenaline is high.  You know the volume is massive. You get some damage to the heart. It dilates up. You get cardiac fibrosis. It scars down. It gets rigid. It gets stiff. It gets enlarged. It gets accelerated atherosclerosis. All right. Great book. Gretchen Reynolds, she interviewed me for a New York Times article after this. The first of these articles came out in early June. I was in the Amazon rainforest with my 12 year old daughter and we were hiking and canoeing very moderately in the rainforest. But it was kind of fun because we had there was no electricity around there. We found a link up to a satellite and we were talking to the BBC World News and Gretchen. She published an article in the New York Times about and she has a book recently out about the first 20 minutes saying that exercised better, trains smarter, live longer. And her point is the first 20 minutes you get most of the benefits. 30 to 45 minutes you'll get full benefits from a cardiovascular standpoint. If you want to do more than that you have to this is kind of a funny story. But rats, you can train rats. If you're talking to somebody today who's telling me a story he does research on rodents and they find that they can get rodents to get addicted to running on the wheel and the thing. And they actually set it out in the desert and the mice actually would find it and the wild mice would come and get so that they would get addicted to running on the wheel out in the desert. So I ask people all the time they say, they come to me as a cardiologist and say I want to do a marathon. I say you can do one and cross off your bucket list and find a healthier exercise pattern. And then I say, by the way why are you doing marathons? Because if you're doing it for your health it's like climbing Mount Everest. You do it once, you have boasting rights, move on to something healthier. You're not going to climb Mount Everest once a week or something ridiculous like that thinking that it's good for you. But there is the stress reduction and a lot of people, a lot of their social network is around exercise. But still we need to think about healthier exercise patterns. We did an interview with Ambi Burfoot and he said, well what's this? This is like everything else. It doesn't happen to you when you get out of bed in the morning. I said well, you know first of all, a lot of bad things can't happen when you get out of bed but there are nothing compared to things that happen to people that don't get out of bed. Exercise is good but just like our ancient ancestors did they walked a lot four to ten miles a day. Walk everywhere. Stand up rather than sitting down. Stand up more. Take the stairs every chance you get. That's the kind of exercise we're meant to do. Be a hunter-gatherer and these are Frank Francis' slides by the way. So to summarize I would, and some of this is my intuition based on the research we've done and coalescing the data but there's a lot more to learn admittedly. But I would say if you're going to do strain use exercise which I hardly endorse and I do myself try to limit it to about 45 minutes a day. Up to an hour. Not more than seven hours a week. It's going to be hard especially if you're over 40 or 50 because then you start getting in trouble. Try to spend as much time as you can during the day with moderate light to moderate activities. If you want to do a marathon or a full distance marathon do it once and move on to a healthier exercise pattern and cross train. Swim Pilates, yoga, weight training very important. Fitness is multifaceted. If you're training for life, for longevity for vigor, for mental capacity marathons are not the way to do it. Two hour, four hour, six hour runs and rides are not the way to do it. Exercise for 30, 40 minutes with aerobics then start doing stretching and strength training. Thanks for your attention.


So notice that's a little bit more tedious of a system than if I could just use the classes because what I would like to see is business, personal, and then it total up over here. And if there's anything that wasn't assigned a class, I would like it to then show me the unassigned items. But when I'm using tags, I can't do that. I think when we go down here and we look at these ungrouped tags, these are the ones that are assigned a tag that aren't included in a group, right? But tags are a little bit different, oftentimes when you're using them because you could apply two tags, like it's possible for me to go over here and add a transaction where I apply two tags to the one transaction. I could do business and something else within the tag. So notice it won't let me do business and personal in the same group, which is kind of nice because then that means that it won't allow you to double count within that group. So that's kind of nice, but you could still kind of use it in the same way as you would with the classes to kind of try to break out business and personal, but you have to do a little bit more work to double check that you've assigned everything to a tag. And you could do that by again, go into the tag here, we could say business and personal, and then I could export this to Excel and just add up the two columns to give me my total column over on the right hand side and then compare that, compare my net income, my total net income to what is on an income statement that's just my total income statement and then try to drill down and determine which transactions I didn't add a tag to and then drill down and basically add the transactions that have not been tagged. Okay, so now the other interesting thing with the tags is that sometimes your filtering options are a little bit different as well. So you can see over here, they put the tags on the income statement, which is great because I can see the tags over here, but you would think that if I go into the customize area and the filters down here, that I would then be able to see the tags to filter by because I could filter by location, I can filter by class, why can't I filter by the tags? You would think that that would be here, but no. But if you generate the report from the tags reports, so if I go over here and close this back out, do you wanna leave without saving? I'm gonna say yes. And I generate my report here. So here's my transactions that are with the tags. If I run the report this way, I basically come to the same profit and loss report. You can see it is in essence the same because if I hit the dropdown, it's got the same kind of options over here for the most part. And then if I go to my customize up top and my filters, then I've got my tags shows up in the filtering option. So that's a little walkie.  I get basically the same report. It's basically the same thing here. And then I customize it and look at my filtering options. I don't get my tag filters. So that's a little bit of a walkie thing. I don't know, you know, but it's not really an issue. It could be frustrating, but once you see that you can run this report over here, and then you can go in and customize and further filter by the tags so that I can go into my tags and further filter on the business or personal. So I could say business and filter down, and then it filters down that way. Now, if you're using the tags in conjunction with other things, so for example, if these transactions, you're using tags in conjunction with the classes and the location tracking, you can go into a report like this in the tags and further filter down by the classes. So for example, if I go into the customized up top and go into my filtering down here, I can further filter by classes. So if I assigned a class or a location, possibly I would assign a location to California or Nevada or something like that. And I wanted to look at, maybe I'm using my tags for sales reps, then I can filter down my tags to California or Nevada. But the other common thing that you would think that you would want to do is to run the profit and loss by say class if you're using classes and then filter by the tags. And note that normally you would think to do that by running a normal profit and loss over here. I've changed the dates so that I can see some of the classes that we've done in the past. And then I've sorted this by classes instead of tags. And then you would think you might want to filter by the tags. So I've got it by class and then you could customize up top. But there's no tags field here. However, if I go to this report over here where I generated the report, let's go back, I generated from our tags group, any of the tags groups, right? I just generated a report from the tags group. And now it's sorted by the group of tags. And if I hit the dropdown and display by column, but now I change it to the classes, then I'm basically in the same situation as I was before, let's change the range, go up to 12, 3, 1, 2, 3. So we've got the same net income now sorted by classes instead of tags. But instead of it being a profit and loss report, now it's a profit and loss by tag group, even though it's not by tag group anymore because I made it by classes. But if I go into the customize up top and I look at my filtering options, now the classes are there. And I can further filter down or the tags are there. So I can further filter down by tags and I can choose like business. No, we didn't assign a class to it, but you can see how that's a little bit different. So you can use the filtering options, but you gotta be a little bit careful of how the filters work because if you generate the reports from the tag group reports, you come up with similar kind of functionality of the profit and loss. And you can run a profit and loss by class, but then you might have more filtering options to be able to filter by the tags. Okay, I'm gonna run that report again, just to take a look at the example that we did. Remember, our example is that we're using a cheaper version so we don't have access to the classes and we wanna use tags to break out between business and personal. So for example, here, if I run this report and let's change the date range to the end of February 02, 28, 23, you'll notice our issue was that I had business and personal. I would like to have that non-classified column over here to see if there's anything that I didn't put a tag on to double check that I've tagged everything and therefore that all of my income statement, especially for the business, is correct so I possibly can use that for taxes, for example. So notice what we could do then is if I generate the report this way, I could then say, let's run the report by total now.


Alright, what we've been doing thus far in the course, we've been looking at the different modes of heat transfer. We looked at conduction, convection, and radiation, and then we looked at an approach called the surface energy balance, which enables you to formulate an equation when you have these different modes of heat transfer in a particular system. So what we're now going to do, we're going to work an example problem, and this example problem is kind of going to unite all of the three different forms of heat transfer that we've looked at thus far. So this will be combined modes of heat transfer. Okay, so there's our problem kind of a long statement, but what we have is we have a furnace, and within the furnace are combustion gases, hot combustion gases, and there is a brick wall that forms the wall of the furnace, and what we are told is that the ambient air temperature is 25 degrees C. The brick wall is 0.15 meters thick. We're told the thermal conductivity of the brick, it's 1.2 watts per meter Kelvin, and the surface emissivity of the brick is 0.8. And we're told that under steady state conditions, the outer temperature of the brick wall is measured to be 100 degrees C, and we know that we have free convection, so that is convection without any kind of pumping source, so it's just due to the buoyancy of the air. On the outside of the brick wall has a convective heat transfer coefficient of 20 watts per meter square degree C, I should say. And we're then asked to determine what is the inner wall temperature of the furnace on the inside of the brick wall. So here we have a problem on just analyzing it quickly. Given that we have thermal conductivity, that means we have conduction going through the brick wall. We're given a convective heat transfer coefficient, so we have to have convective heat transfer, and they give us emissivity, and that means we have radiative heat transfer as well. So what we're going to do, we're going to use the surface energy balance, that's a concept that we looked at in the last segment, and we're going to use it to solve the problems. So just like all the other problems, we begin by writing out what we know, and then what we're trying to find, and then we'll write out a schematic. Okay, so that's what we know. Now let me check here. Yeah, 25 degrees C, so the ambient was at 25 degrees C, that's how we get the surrounding temperature. Now what are we after? We're trying to find the temperature on the inside of this brick wall, which we'll draw a schematic in a moment, and things will make a little bit more sense. Okay, so we're going to call that T1 the inner wall temperature. Now what I'm going to do, let me go to a new slide because the schematic is kind of large. So the schematic that we're looking at, and so here we have our brick wall, and this is very similar to the energy balance that we looked at in the previous segment, but over here we have combustion gases. Now in reality, what's going to happen is there'll be convective heat transfer on the inside as well here, and probably also radiation because you have a flame. We're neglecting those and we're just saying that we know this temperature, that's what we're trying to solve for, T1. So let me sketch out the rest of it and then we'll come back and work through the problem. Okay, let's see here. I'm going to put a surface temperature here, T surface. All right, so what we're going to do, we are after this here, we're looking for this temperature, but when approaching this type of problem, what we need to do, we need to come up with an equation where we have all of the different components involved, and in order to do that, we're going to do this surface energy balance. So let me draw that in here because that is where conduction is going to go into both convection and radiative heat transfer. So that will be our surface, the surface where we're going to apply the surface energy balance. Now a couple of assumptions that we have here, steady state, 1D conduction through the wall. So steady state, that means that you're not changing any of the conditions. Second one is 1D conduction through the brick wall, and a third thing is surroundings are large compared to the brick wall. Another one that I should add here is that we're dealing with a gray surface. So with that, that means that the emissivity and the absorptivity are equal to one another. All right, so what we have, we have all the different components here. We're now going to perform a surface energy balance on the outer wall, and that will enable us to come up with our equations. So just like before, what we were going to have, we're going to have what's coming in is going to be that, and then what is going out is going to be these two here. So let's put that together. Okay, so we have conduction, conduction, radiation, and let's plug in all of the different terms. So we have Fourier's law and Newton's law of cooling, and then our radiative heat transfer equation. Okay, now what we can do immediately, we can cancel out the area because that's common to all of them. So area disappears. I'm going to expand the temperature gradient term. So let's do that, and I'll put the other two terms onto the right hand side of the equation. Now note the way that I'm doing this. I'm putting Ts minus T1, and so Ts is the value of the temperature. This would be Ts is here, so I put Ts surface. Actually, let me correct that.  So that is the surface temperature Ts is for this surface right here. So when I do conduction, I'm taking Ts, and that is going to be at x equals L, and then we will have T1, and that is at x equals zero. And we then are able to evaluate the temperature gradient term as we have there. Now on the right hand side, what we'll do, we'll take conduction or convection and radiation and bring it over to the right hand side. So we have this equation here, and at this point it's good to reflect where we're going in terms of solving the problem. So let's come back and look at our schematic. First of all, what are we trying to find? We're trying to find the inner wall temperature T1. So let's go back to our schematic. This is the thing that we're after. Consequently, with our energy balance equation, what we really should be doing is we should be trying to isolate for T1. So let's try to rearrange this equation and isolate for T1. Okay, so we get this equation here. We can now go ahead and plug in the values because we know everything in this equation with the exception of T1. Okay, so we get that and be certain to keep the temperature in degree Kelvin when you're using the radiative heat transfer equation, which we've done. For the other ones, you can leave it in degree C because they're not being raised to the power 4. But when you have it in the radiative heat transfer equation, that has to be in degrees Kelvin. So once we plug those in, let's see what we get. Okay, so we get that for our final answer. Temperature is 352.5 degrees Celsius. And so that would be the inner wall temperature of our brick wall. So we have this brick wall. We have our furnace. We have natural convection taking place out here. And then we have some big surroundings where we have radiative heat transfer. But what we've been able to find is that this is 352.5 degrees C, this inner wall temperature. Now, this was fairly easy given that a lot of the information was given to us. Had I asked you to solve for the surface temperature, that would have been a little bit more challenging because you would have had a fourth order equation that you would have to solve. But this was a little bit more direct the way that we had it trying to solve for T1. And that is then an example of combined modes of heat transfer. So here we just solved a problem involving conduction, Q conduction. We had convection. And we had radiation. So all three of them put together enabling us to solve something in terms of an engineering application. Let me get rid of that because that's just a hypothetical. But that is an example of putting things together. And you can see using this control balance energy surface or control surface, I should say, enables you to do quite a bit. And we're going to use that over and over and over again throughout our calculations and heat transfer. Whenever you have conduction on the inside of then you're going to other modes on the outside. It's a very, very handy way of being able to handle things. So that concludes this segment looking at an example problem of combined modes of heat transfer.