The Ministry of Health, Wellness and Elderly Affairs, with support from OASCCAD, recently conducted a workshop for stakeholders engaged in the national response to drug demand and supply. During this seminar, focus was specifically placed on using a collective approach in developing an early warning system that will allow St. Lucia to have a more agile and proactive response to present and emerging drug threats. The leading coordinator of the Substance Abuse Advisory Council Secretariat, Natasha Lloyd-Felix, said the Secretariat has been made aware of the emergence of new substances in the region and very likely St. Lucia, many of which may be sweets and treats, including cookies and cakes that may contain products that present a potential risk to their health and well-being and may potentially impair their judgment. By doing so, we do know that the likelihood increases of protecting the health and well-being of our young ones, in addition to which we also request, particularly for parents, to heighten the level of alertness as it relates to the young people, their children's use of social media platforms, as we do note an increased level of creativity in marketing of these products, using popular forums on which young people dialogue and communicate. Through our collective efforts as a ministry, as a society, as homes, we do note that we can improve the level of protection and preserve the health and well-being of our young people and our nation as a whole. According to Lloyd-Felix, there is need for more targeted interventions among the segments of the population who tend to be more vulnerable. Sex is appealing to parents and guardians to increase their vigilance and to caution young people within their care about the things they purchase or accept for consumption. And we are also asking for a degree of social media vigilance as well because we do know that innovative methods are being used to market these items, to reach our young people and by so doing, offer them products which may seem attractive, which may seem to be normal commercial products that are purchased, but really may contain items that can threaten their health and their safety. An early warning system for drug threats and the trends will allow for, among other things, more rapid and accurate information on new and emerging drug phenomena in the drug market and a rapid evaluation of the risks and impacts associated with the use of new psychoactive substances. From the Communications Unit of the Ministry of Health, Wellness and Early Affairs, Julia Peter reporting.


Did you read a little bit about our article today, our topic for today, about how NASA wants to hopefully in 20 years send humans to Mars? What do you think of that? Do you think the money should be spent on this project or do you think the money should be spent here on earth, on other projects? Okay, my point of view is that, okay, actually it's very nice to actually permit to discover if your life is possible on a planet like Mars or another planet, I don't know. So if you permit, if it's possible that people can live in another planet, that would be very beneficial. I think that the people should spend money on the safe life of the people. And I think people nowadays when people are so busy and they cannot, they don't have time to spend money and they don't care the environment also and the people cannot make these type of activities. I think according to me that is a great finding something in Mars, but it's better if the money they're spending on the earth, it's really better because, you know, humans still live more than Mars. I'm sure more than 80% in the world. It's better to spend it on Earth. What do you think of that? Should we be spending money to send astronauts to Mars? Should we spend the money here on Earth? I don't want to go to Mars. You don't want to go to Mars? Yes, of course, but I think it's take about eight months. Okay. Well, let's see here. Yeah, they I think they were they're talking about, you know, finding a way to get there faster, maybe. What do you think? Do you think they should go forward with this project and spend the money to send people to Mars? Or do you think they should take the money and spend it here on other things on Earth? No, no, no. I think that's the good way to send or to discover the Mars because it's explained, I think, many problems here.


So welcome on lecture 18, where we start going into the security topic in the web area. And we start off with discussing generally what kind of attack surfaces there are in web applications, how you can attack a web application, some very basic guidelines on security, and then we dive into the topic of authentication and authorization. So the whole idea that you should not be able to access everything in an application that you want to, but only if you have sufficient rights. In the next lecture, in lecture 19, we then go into vulnerabilities and attacks, because that's of course an important thing. Hackers trying to get into an application because it's not secure. So we'll look into that then. So for now, we do this part here. And essentially, there are a couple of learning outcomes related to that. So of course, this is generally anyhow connected to development of web applications. So if you, for example, you should be able to spot errors in an application or improve it, then of course this also relates to security, like introducing authorization, for instance. Then there are a couple of learning outcomes specifically to web security threats. So that's mainly for the coming lecture, but it's a good start if we talk about authentication here. There are some basic explanations on attack surfaces, which I won't go into much, but you can read up if you want on these kind of things. Then there is a developer guide for authentication methods and a blog post that has really some basic explanations on the different ways to do authentication. So it's an interesting read if you practically want to do that in a project. I recommend you to start there. Now, attack surfaces. This is essentially the view on a web application. So imagine we are up here in x1z.com and we're running an application. It could be a backend. It could also be front-end files that we then send to the client that is requesting it. And we have something stored on a database. And the cloud here stands essentially for the internet. And as you remember from the second lecture, there can be lots of computers in between that route my requests and route the response back. Another interesting thing is what can you attack here? The basic answer is everything, but essentially you can start with the network connection. For example, imagine I am sitting at Reykjavik University. I've shown you already in the second lecture that you can listen to network traffic. So that's one way of attacking the actual connection, eavesdropping or actually doing something with my requests. The same can of course happen on the other side. So someone might get access to the communication between the server and the database server, for instance. Connection between the server that hosts the backend and the front-end stuff and the internet. So someone is, for example, listening to that connection. And then the same goes for all the different connections in the internet. So every kind of internet connection, be it a cable or a Wi-Fi or a fiber cable, can be somehow accessed theoretically and someone could place an attack there. Similarly to the networks, of course, you can go on the machines.  And again, the same applies to all the machines on the internet. The same applies to all the server-side things, the server, the database server and so on. And especially here in the middle this is somewhat tricky because you don't have control over which computers your request goes to. So potentially your request could go wherever and that can be an issue. If we're talking private information, sensitive information, then this becomes especially interesting because you could be routing your requests through a country where the government is somehow interested in accessing things and they, of course, have much more means to get control of individual computers or the network in between them. So that's also something you have to consider. This is the network and hardware view, essentially, what kind of networks are there, what kind of machines and so on. The other interesting thing is the application view, so if we look at what kind of applications are running. So on my machine I have Firefox, sometimes I use Chrome, and whenever I request the front-end I'm getting HTML and JavaScript code. Of course all of these could have potential issues, potential vulnerabilities. There could be something wrong in the Firefox and the Chrome implementation. There is a lot wrong in the JavaScript implementation of things you can do with JavaScript. Potentially there's also some way to mess with the HTML that somehow has security relations and we will see much more of that in lecture 19. But theoretically all these different technologies and applications can be surfaces, can be means to have an attack. The same on the server, if we, for example, use Node.js, this could be a problem. It doesn't matter what we use, if we use Java Spring, if we use Django, it could have the same issues. And finally our database as well. One thing I have not listed here is operating systems and other applications, but they of course can be a potential threat as well. So if we here have an outdated version of Linux running, for example, that could be an issue. If we have an outdated database server or an outdated macOS operating system, all of these things could be problematic. So essentially the message here is whatever you have can be an attack surface. This is the application view, so now we have the hardware, we have the applications. There is one last one that I want to show, that's probably the most important one. And that's the users. So we have someone sitting behind my laptop, usually that's me. We have someone working with the servers here, developers, it might be other staff that is somehow related to them. And we are very suspectible to attacks as well. We can be manipulated. And this is something that's usually called social engineering. That's for example, when someone calls you and pretends to be from the tech service and tries to fix something, but actually what they're trying to do is get your password or get you to send a request or something like that. There is an old comic on that if you're interested. But essentially the left side is always the technical view, when we look at everything that if we encrypt things good enough, then everything is fine. The reality is if we get the people to tell us what we want to know, then that's enough. And usually as this comic illustrates, the user getting to the user is much, much easier than fixing all the technology. That being said, we are of course looking at mainly at the technology because people we cannot fix as easily. So we are here looking at how do we make our web applications more secure? We are looking only at a few attack surfaces. In particular, we look at the application view. So what can we do in programming to avoid issues? Because other courses cover other aspects of security. So obviously if you do a networking course, you talk about network security and so if you do an operating systems course, you might look at security there. So we just look at it from the aspect of web programming. What we have done so far in this course is we have essentially, apart from deploying to Heroku, we have always used HTTP communication, which as I've shown you in the beginning is completely unencrypted. So everything we send is free text. And the other thing that we have done, which makes it completely irrelevant whether it's encrypted or not, all the backends we have written, all the APIs were always open. So you could just access whatever. Everyone could do that. I could just delete everything without having any special rights. And that's of course not perfect. So this is what we'll try to fix in this lecture and in the next lecture. There are some general security principles we should follow before we get started. And the first one is do not rely on something that is called security by obscurity, which is essentially trying to make your application secure by just not making it obvious how to use it. So if you, for example, don't tell the URL of your API to anyone, you can assume it's safe. That's true until someone finds it. If you kind of implement your security in a way that no one knows how it is, it's also safe. Again, that's usually not true for a while. And this is exactly the same principle as, well, if you hide the money under your pillow and no one knows it, then your money is safe. That's true until someone actually tries to find something in your house in your apartment. And that's exactly the same in applications. Once someone gets interested and starts digging, they will find issues. So that's exactly why you shouldn't do that. Instead, there is usually a popular law by Linus Torvas, the inventor of Linux, that says, well, if you let enough people look at your code, if you have it very open, then you'll get rid of all the issues. Basically, try to make it secure by showing it to many people. If it's secure then it will also be secure if no one knows about it. So this is very important. If you don't hide your stuff and think it's safe, it's not. The next thing is always use HTTPS. If you can, I've shown you this. Requests and responses in HTTP are always clear text. So this is a screenshot I took when I accessed my personal website. And you can just see that if you look at the post request, you can actually see my password. No problem. You can be fooled into thinking that HTTPS is anyhow safe. If I do the same in HTTPS, this is what you get. That's much harder to deal with. So always use HTTPS. Finally, do not assume that that's enough. So just using HTTPS does not make your application safe. There can still be other issues. And finally, there can be issues in HTTPS itself, which we have seen a couple of years ago with the Heartbleed vulnerability. So a big problem in OpenSSL. And OpenSSL is exactly what is used to encrypt HTTPS. So that was a big problem. So never assume that this is enough. Always try to make your application as safe as reasonable, I would say. And the final step, and that's what we focus on in this lecture from now on, is use authentication or authorization. So make sure that your web application is only usable by the people that you want to use them. So for example, most websites have some kind of way of registering, and then only if you have a username and a password, you can actually use things. And you can of course assign rights if you do that. So you can say that some people should be able to read, some others should be able to do everything and so on. And the key terms we use there is essentially authentication authorization, and that's a difference. And the difference is that authentication means that you check the identity of somebody.  So they check that you are the person you say you are. That's authentication, checking who you are. Authorization is just checking that you are allowed to do whatever you want to do. So that's for example what happens if I want to go into the department of computer science here at the university. I put my key card to the reader and it just checks whether I have access rights to that part of the building. So it might not care who exactly I am, it just checks that I have the rights. And that's authorization, having the right credentials, having the right permissions. And of course this is often combined. So in the university system I don't know, but it might be that the system actually checks who I am and then checks what kind of rights I have. So this is roughly what we are talking about and now in the second part of this recording I'll dive into the different mechanisms we can use for authentication. I'll just do a couple of them. There are of course a lot more than we will do here. We will do HTTP basic authentication. That's the easiest one and the least reliable. Then we look into session ID which are essentially a special case of tokens to discuss them. Then we look at OAuth 2.0 which is probably one of the best options you have at the moment. And finally we look at something that is called signed requests. But for that we'll go into the second part of this video.


What's more futuristic than jetpacks? How about jetpacks on the moon? Yeah, this is something we almost sort of saw in the 1970s. So close. It was no secret or surprise to NASA and lunar scientists planning the Apollo landing missions that the astronauts exploration of the moon was inherently limited. The personal life support system that came with every lunar EVA suit had a limited amount of consumables. That meant there was only so much battery power, so much consumable oxygen and so much cooling fluid to actually stop the astronauts from overheating that the EVAs could only be so long. NASA didn't have the luxury of extending an EVA or visiting an extra site if things were going really well. The astronauts had a limited amount of oxygen and once that was done or close to done they had to return to the LM, otherwise they would die. So NASA knew this going into the Apollo missions. They knew that the astronauts would land at a given point and could only really visit the sites around the lunar module. They wouldn't be able to cross mountains or craters and they had to be within that safe walk back distance. If something went wrong they had to make sure that they could get back before they ran out of oxygen. The scientific community knew this as well, and so in 1967 the manned spacecraft center held a study on lunar exploration at the University of California and Santa Cruz to discuss future and long-duration lunar missions. And in this report came the interesting advice that NASA ought to start looking at one man or two man lunar flying vehicles. Now this study was not an official NASA plan. This was really just to get the scientific community thinking about how to solve these problems in the future. The first landing missions would of course be just landing missions to get the thing done. It was really looking ahead at those long-duration later missions, the J missions, that would have the extended EVAs to see what technologies couldn't be brought to the moon to extend surface operations while we had people up there. The idea of one or two manned flying units didn't really gain a lot of traction right away, but the idea did return in early 1969. This was around the time when NASA was ready to go for its first lunar landing attempt, so started looking at these advanced lunar landing mission technologies. In January of that year the agency let two study contracts, one to Bell Aero Systems and one to North American Rockwell, and they each came back with two very different and very interesting personal flying units for astronauts to use on the moon. Bell drew off its previous experience with the rocket belt, which developed 300 pounds of thrust and had made more than 3,000 successful flights on Earth in developing its one man lunar flying unit. Like the lunar module, Bell took advantage of the excellent shock absorbers that are human legs and had the astronauts standing on a platform. There were safety straps to keep him in, but he would also be able to balance using handlebar type handle controls, not unlike the ones inside the lunar module. These controls would send information to the two rocket engines mounted on either side of the vehicle, and this was how it flew. It was a fairly simple design where the astronaut in his space suit could simply climb up onto the platform and start flying. Because the lunar module handles, don't forget, were already designed with big heavy gloves in mind, so it took advantage of existing technology. Bell designed its system to travel to the moon with a crew stored inside one of the payload bays in the lunar module's descent stage. It was that same stage that would also provide fuel for the lunar flyer. Because NASA put more fuel than needed inside the vehicle, just for safety margins, it assumed that there would be more than enough to fuel a lunar flyer, a small vehicle that is. Fueled, carrying an astronaut and NASA's recommended 100 pound payload, the entire vehicle weighed about a thousand pounds, which on the moon is a very manageable weight and not that much to lift off the ground with small rocket engines. And Bell wasn't stopping with this one vehicle. In the study proposal, it recommended developing a larger version that could cover more distance and eventually adapting the whole system to facilitate astronauts discovering Mars. North American Rockwell system had some similarities to Bell's. It also used a flat platform as the base, had four legs for stability, and was designed to carry a 100 pounds payload and to be fueled with leftover residual fuel from the lunar module's descent stage, but that's about where these similarities end. North American Rockwell clustered four engines right in the center of the vehicle as the propulsion unit. The pilot's seat was directly over it, and because he was sitting, he couldn't use his legs as natural shock absorbers, which meant that the legs on this vehicle had to have shock absorbers in them. The benefit was the redundancy this brought. The vehicle could still fly if it lost one engine. The downside was it added weight. Fueled with an astronaut in a space suit and carrying 100 pounds of payload, the vehicle weighed 1,075 pounds, but it was still manageable in the moon's lower gravity environment. But there was another weird problem with this design. Because the engines were so much closer to the moon's surface, there was a risk that any debris kicked up from the engine exhaust at the moment of takeoff could actually bounce back and hit the vehicle, potentially damaging an engine. And so North American Rockwell had the odd solution of rolling out a special fabric blanket cover on the moon's surface, then having the astronauts drag the flyer on top of it and then taking off from that. Of course, going to a remote site, there wouldn't be a landing blanket ready for the astronauts to land on. And so North American Rockwell said that it was best to just cut the engine at about 58 inches above the surface and then let the vehicle fall. In the moon's lower gravity environment, this would be just fine, and the shock absorbers would protect the astronaut. But it wasn't ideal, and it still meant that he always had to have one of those takeoff launch pad blanket things with him to unroll on the moon's surface to take off safely. As we know, neither of these proposals actually came to fruition. Early in 1969, not long after these two study contracts were let, NASA decided that wheels were maybe better than jets and commissioned Boeing to build what we know as the lunar roving vehicle. I've got a lot more about these two very interesting one-man lunar flying proposals over in my companion blog post at Discover. The link is in the description below, and definitely check that out. So many more cool details that I know you guys will really love. I also want to let you guys know that there is an awesome new feature available on YouTube that is in beta, but it is available on Vintage Space, and that is sponsorships. I am now able to take sponsors on Vintage Space. I've got a video explaining what that means right up here. This little card right here will have all your answers, how it works in conjunction with Patreon. But ultimately, you have a chance now to help make Vintage Space possible. So if you're interested, definitely check out the card. And the link is also in the description below. So do you have more questions about these one-man lunar flying units? Or are there any other really interesting surface mobility systems that you've heard about that you'd like me to dig into?  Let me know all of your thoughts, questions, comments, concerns, anything in the comment section below. Be sure to follow me on social media for daily Vintage Space updates. And of course, with videos going up right here every single week, be sure to subscribe so you never miss an episode.


Let's go Surtain. Let's go, baby.  He's been beating me. So good player Like I said, we just played them in ladders and had a real good game against them. So keep it up We're in the we're into the money. We're into the final 32 right now Big for Madden Bowl getting that dub right there. That's big It's got to stay at it boys. That's all Our defense was good last game.  That's what really killed me. My red zone got to be better Like we didn't stop the run that well, but All in all we made enough plays on defense there Big lurk on that fourth down. That was a big play in the game. Obviously that won the game But here we go. I gotta be touched down. Don't be like we gotta do that. It's Moss. Jesus Christ Just stick right there. They'll say it's lucky, but that's just stick.  There's two plays that should be a touchdown. We better stick work.    I wanted I had it. I just didn't There's just no way Oh, let's go pressure man.  We'll get seven man. Come on Gotta have better pocket there 60-0 just how we drew it up, right boy. Too many points on the board man Getting used to how he's playing defense. Thank you.  I'm on DRC. You're better than that. You're better.  We play defense out here.  Can't lie almost got me. Let's go, sir team Let's go, baby.   That's just a play boys. That's why you have pickaxe. That's why you have You know, it's nice at the end of the third quarter.  Yes Yes, you We move on boys we move we move we move final 16 final 16. This is huge for man Bulls is huge for life. I'll tell you man Just the right blitz is at the right time man huge dude.  That's cold man


Welcome to Nation Beat. I am Genel Norvel bringing you this brief on the pulse of our nation and highlights around the heart of St. Lucia. St. Lucia's partnership with Taiwan heightened with the opening of the annual trade show. The island's prime minister emphasizes the need for foreign direct investment and traditional national day events make a return this December 12th. The 11th annual St. Lucia-Taiwan partnership trade show opened Friday 23rd November with increased participation from local businesses. The trade show highlights a wide range of quality goods and services from St. Lucia and Taiwan. In addition, businesses from both countries will profit the opportunity to develop strategic trading and networking alliances. Minister for Commerce, Industry, Investment, Enterprise Development and Consumer Affairs Bradley Felix highlighted the many benefits of the trade show to local and foreign businesses. Trade for St. Lucia is one which reveals a large and growing trade deficit as we all know. This situation suggests that we need to increase the level of domestic production in the goods that are locally demanded as well as our level of exports. Export expansion is critically important to generate the foreign exchange needed to sustain our level of importation and to ensure the sustainability of our balance of payments. It is against this background that this exhibition here today must be examined. Ambassador of the Republic of China Taiwan, His Excellency Douglas Shen, highlighted the significance of the trade show indicating that it has surpassed expectations over the years. Entrepreneurs are always the driving force of social development. So today, on the occasion of more than 60 entrepreneurs gathering together, my embassy would like to take this opportunity to contribute a small amount of money to the Mongolshe Edo Day Care Center. It is one of the first Edo Day Care Center in St. Lucia to raise awareness of social responsibility. We should not forget there is always need for the vulnerable in our society. In closing, I believe that you guys still remember the first ever St. Lucia Dragon Dance at our 10th anniversary last year. Acting Permanent Secretary in the Ministry of Commerce, Industry, Investment, Enterprise Development and Consumer Affairs Peggy Anzoudat announced the ministry's intentions to make St. Lucia the premier destination for doing business. Among the local businesses, there are nine new entrants and I must tell you that those who are returning are doing so with new products. The displays range in areas such as servicing and merchandising, arts and entertainment, fashion, food and beverage, chemical and garment textile. This year, we reorganized and applied a more focused approach to the business to business sessions, a key feature of the trade show. The B2Bs offer a marketing and information platform for establishment and enhancement of the network structure to enable firms to grow and expand domestically and internationally. The options are open. We encourage the participants, both locals and foreign, and the specially invited businesses to explore the possibility for collaboration. Collaboration is a pal- The 11th annual St. Lucia Taiwan Partnership Trade Show opened at the Golden Palm Events Center, Rodney Heights, Grosling on the 23rd of November until the 25th of November, 2018. Prime Minister, the Honourable Alan Shasne is leading a delegation to the First United Arab Emirates UAE Caribbean Corporation Forum taking place in Dubai from the 24th to the 26th of November, 2018. The aim of the forum is not only to discuss a strategic bilateral relationship but also to find new areas of cooperation and opportunities in the field of investments, trade and culture. The delegation includes Minister for Economic Development, Housing, Urban Renewal, Transport and Civil Aviation, Honourable Guy Joseph, Minister with Responsibility for External Affairs, Honourable Sarah Flood-Bowbre, Honorary Counsel for St. Lucia to Lebanon, His Excellency Malik El Said, Permanent Secretary in the Department of Finance, Ms. Coinfield Thomas, Permanent Secretary in the Department of Economic Development, Mr. Philip Dalso and Budget Director Claudius Immanuel. Following the forum, the Prime Minister will head to Washington to the IMF headquarters to attend the IMF World Bank IDP high-level conference on Building Resilience to Disasters and Climate Change in the Caribbean. In the Prime Minister's absence, Minister for Education, Innovation, Gender Relations and Sustainable Development, Honourable Dr. Gil Rigabet will serve as Acting Prime Minister. Meantime, the Prime Minister says forums like UAE gathering is important to the sustainability of St. Lucia's economy. Lisa Joseph explains. St. Lucia's a small developing state has long been vulnerable to exogenous shocks that have had crippling effects on the economy. Prime Minister Hon. Alan Shastney notes that today, emerging threats are making survival far more difficult. Pointing to the devastation unleashed on neighboring Dominica by Hurricane Maria in 2017, Prime Minister Shastney says climate change is a clear and present danger for St. Lucia. Interfacing of the business community during the Chamber of Commerce Encounter series, the Prime Minister listed recent actions by the EU and OECD to flag St. Lucia's tax regime. Additional economic pressures he confided are coming to bear from the World Bank and International Monetary Fund's instruction to implement fiscal rules. This follows the crisis that has enveloped the Barbados economy. Those rules the Prime Minister continued will limit the government. Consequently, private sector involvement in the economy will be even more critical. Sir Dwight had been saying for years that we need to grow by four and a half to five percent per year for ten years in order to get out of the dilemma that we're in, the lack of viability. To do that we need investments of five and a half billion EC dollars in order to be able to achieve that. And the government is only allowed to invest a half a billion. So the rest of it has to come from the private sector. That's reality. And so do you really believe that that five billion dollars is sitting in the banks here in St. Lucia, that the private sector here by itself is going to be able to generate that level of investment? Against that background, Prime Minister Shasne emphasized the need for foreign direct investment in the country. So I have to say to the private sector that when you hear people in our community chastising foreign investment coming into this country, I'm horrified. And I'm hoping that you're going to be equally horrified. Anybody who is saying that we should be in breach of the rule of law in our country, you should be horrified. Because that is going to deeply impart the ability, impair the ability for us to track the necessary investment to grow. And it's only by growing that we can generate the revenues to be able to now have a surplus and to have the necessary monies to continue to invest in all those things that we have to do. Because we're not even reaching the bar. We're not reaching it in education. We're not reaching it in healthcare. We're not reaching it in security. We're not reaching it in infrastructure. Arising out of a meeting held on Thursday, November 22, 2018, among Consumer Affairs Department, St. Lucia Bureau of Standards and Environmental Health Division, the public has been advised not to eat imported romaine lettuce. Parker Raghunanan is the Assistant Chief Environmental Health Officer. Imported romaine lettuce may create a health hazard if consumed. And therefore, we are advising consumers who may be in possession of imported romaine lettuce to please discard it. Mr Raghunanan says information obtained from the Center for Diseases Control, CDC, indicates that some persons who have consumed romaine lettuce and romaine lettuce mixes have been affected and became sick with a pathogenic E. coli. The symptoms associated include bloody diarrhea, fever, malaise, and in some instances, you may have kidney failure as well. And as such, we are advising to stay away from that product at this time. Assistant Chief Environmental Health Officer Parker Raghunanan. This is Nation Beats. We're back in a moment. Welcome back. Reviewing the purpose of testing and assessments was one of the main topics at the recently concluded Regional Education Officers' Meeting held at the Marina Bay Haven Hotel. Alicia Ali reports. Chair of the meeting, St. Lucia's Chief Education Officer, Rafina Charles, explained testing was integral to maintaining standards in the curriculum. Currently, there are harmonized standards at the primary level from grade K to grade 6 across the subregion. And that is quite significant because there we are setting standards which goes across the OECS in terms of if our students move from one island to the other. We know what is expected of them at every grade level. It is also significant in that we have the original standards, the standards are set at the original level. And so it gives our students opportunities for education to move just straight into a school without having to undergo any form of assessment. The head of the Education Development Management Unit at the OECS Commission, Cicero Simon, reported that participants agreed the perception of assessments need to change. The board meeting participants believe that assessment is a major component of instruction and curriculum. However, there was need for us as a region to review our approach to it, to sensitize our teachers and the public on why are we using assessments. How assessments are to be used to improve instruction rather than assessment as it appears, which is often used as placement exams and labeling of students. The theme for this year's meeting was OECS Education Thought Interaction. From the Communications Unit in the Ministry of Education, Innovation, Gender Relations and Sustainable Development, I am Alicia Ali reporting. In an effort to inject more of the St. Lucian culture into the festive holiday season, the Office of the Mayor will be hosting a series of Mayor Day and National Day activities, commencing December 12, 2018, at the Derrick-Walkard Square. Lyndell Brown is the member of the planning committee. Our celebration begins immediately after this Festival of Lights. It begins at about 11 p.m. with a boulevard jam in the William-Peter Boulevard, and that will be commencing from approximately 11 p.m. to 4 a.m. The annual National Day Juve will then commence through the City of Cass Street. At 8 a.m., the Mayor's Mass will commence at the Cathedral, and immediately following, we will have a Mayor's Parade, which will go from the Cathedral and eventually lead back to City Hall. National Day activities will then kick off with the reintroduction of the greasy pole and greasy pig games, canoe racing and many more traditional events, and will culminate with a grand display of local talent. To the public, we want to assure you that there will be heavy police presence throughout all these events. We invite the entire nation, all corners of St. Lucia, to come and join the Mayor, the Council and our committee to participate in this National Day event. Cass Street City Counciler Lyndell Brown, that's a nation beat. Join us next time on NTN at 7.30 p.m. with a repeat at 7.30 a.m. and on this station as we fill the pulse and heart of our community. You can also catch up with us anytime on the St. Lucia Government Facebook page or YouTube channel. I am General Norvel.


Hikaru Nakamura strikes back with a brilliant win against Ithurizaga in round six of the Gibraltar Masters. Join us as he's in our studio. Hikaru, a brutal game with the white pieces. You seem to be channeling your inner alpha zero today. Yeah, actually, I guess it was a Queens Indian, so it was kind of similar. It was a very interesting game. I was not expecting to sack an exchange. I kind of overlooked this Queens six move. I thought it was just much better, but then I didn't really have much of a choice, so I had to go 90-294 in this whole 96 line. Now that I've seen a little bit of the computer evaluation, it seems like white's always better, but if my opponent, Eduardo, had played Queen takes a two instead of Bishop e5, I wasn't 100% sure what was going on. Once he played Bishop e5, and I got in Bishop a four, I felt that it was just always winning because black never develops the queen side pieces. It turned out to be a lot smoother than it probably should have been if he had played Queen a two, but nonetheless, it's still a nice one. Right, when you sacrificed the exchange, it was not winning immediately. What's the thought process at that point when you can't really calculate it till the end? Is it just a feeling? Well, the problem is I would just be down upon if I didn't sack the exchange. I used about 15 minutes, and I didn't see anything better. If I saw something else, maybe I would have played it, but there literally were no other moves where I wasn't even just flat out worse, so it made a lot of sense. Then yeah, I figured there had to be some chances. Maybe I'm losing, but with the knight on d6, and the fact that black is two pieces that are out of the game, I felt that there should always be good opportunities to attack, and he also was low on time, so it just felt like the right practical decision. So black's problem of not being able to develop on the queen side was the biggest issue in his position? Yeah, he had the knight on b and the rook on a8, and he couldn't develop either of them towards the center. The knight had to go to a6 b4, and unless black can run the a pawn down the board really fast, he's always just going to get killed on the king side by the queen, the knight, and the bishop. So yeah, it's very much a theme and a motif from the game to be able to sack the exchange and then just attack on the king side, and I mean, it turns out just to be very strong. So it's probably a great game for teachers to show their kids. That's a great advice. Now, you had a tough start here, picking up the pace now? Yeah, I mean, I always find a way to get up there sooner or later, so I mean, obviously, we're still quite early in the event. There's still four more rounds, but nonetheless, I'm going to have my chance, and that's really all you can hope for. I think you need to get a little bit of luck, kind of at the start to sort of get the engine going. And I won a couple of games in rounds three and four that were quite difficult, and then yesterday was pretty good, and today was even better. So things seem to be looking up for me. You are known to make quite the comebacks. How would you evaluate your play so far in the event? I would say my play has been okay, okay for the first four days, and I would say good the last two days. So it seems the trend seems to be going in the right direction. Yesterday night, we had the Battle of the Sexes, and the men's team really missed you there. They went down to the women's team. I didn't actually follow it. I think as the people who are watching the stream will know, I was kind of doing my own internet show last night. But nonetheless, I guess the women played better than the men. I saw the first game, but that was it. So I guess the women were just flat out better. And I didn't play Maxime didn't play and LaVon didn't play. So you can't just blame me for that. I'm sure you will miss and give us your impressions about Gibraltar so far. It's quite nice. The weather's been good. I haven't really gotten out much this year, only gone to supermarket twice. But in general, the weather is good. And if the weather is good, general, I'm going to be in a good, good mood. So things are going great. I like it here. Also, your dad's been with you the last few rounds, you think that's also helped you? Maybe a little bit. I think, I mean, I don't think it's made a huge difference. But I think certainly having having people around is always better than not having people around. So if anything, it's positive. But I don't think it's like it's not the main reason that I'm playing well and doing well. So Nilsen right here, and he's not very happy with your answer. But thank you so much for joining us. We wish you all the best for the remaining games. Thank you. Thanks, Karu.


Welcome to the fourth technical lecture for the political economy of the environment. Today we're going to explore incentive-based regulations, which use markets to reduce pollution and minimize control costs. We'll discuss why economists often prefer these types of environmental regulations, as well as some of the drawbacks of incentive-based regulations. Assume that there are two plants, plant A and plant B, which both emit gunk as part of their production processes. The cost of reducing gunk vary for the two firms, and they are given by the following equations. For plant A, MC equals 12 minus 2A, and for plant B, MC equals 12 minus B, where MC is a marginal cost of reducing gunk in dollars, and A and B are the amount of gunk emitted by plants A and B in tons per day. We can graph plant A's marginal cost of pollution reduction as a function of the amount it pollutes. This line has an intercept of 12 and a slope of negative 2, which looks like this. The line intersects the horizontal axis at 6 tons, which means that plant A will produce 6 tons of gunk per day if there is no cost to pollution. Plant B's marginal cost of pollution reduction looks like this. If there is no cost to pollution, plant B will produce 12 tons of gunk per day. Note that the marginal cost of pollution reduction could also be viewed as a marginal benefit of pollution, or the demand for pollution. I will refer to it as a marginal cost of pollution reduction, to be consistent with Goodstein's textbook and your homework. Suppose that the plants are both located in Springfield, you pick the state, and that the residents decide they can no longer tolerate more than 12 tons of gunk per day. How should the city reduce pollution from 18 tons to 12 tons per day? There are infinite possible solutions. Plant A could reduce its pollution by 0 tons, and plant B could reduce its pollution by 6 tons. Alternatively, plant A could reduce its pollution by 6 tons, and plant B could reduce its pollution by 0 tons. Or the firms could share the burden of reducing the amount of gunk they emit. What is the best solution? The cost-effective solution would be for the two plants to emit a total of 12 tons of gunk per day, in such a way that the marginal cost of pollution reduction is the same for both plants. In other words, two equations must hold. A plus B must equal 12, and 12 minus 2A must equal 12 minus B. By substituting 12 minus A for B, we see that A equals 4, and B equals 8. For both plants, the marginal cost of reducing a ton of gunk is $4. Graphically, the cost-effective solution looks like this. Why is it cost-effective for plant A to reduce its gunk by 2 tons, and plant B to reduce its gunk by 4 tons? Well, imagine that the city mandated that plant A emit only 3 tons of gunk and allowed plant B to emit 9 tons of gunk. This would be inefficient, because it would raise compliance costs for plant A by more than it would lower compliance costs for plant B, as you see by comparing these red trapezoids. Cost-effective regulation requires that the marginal cost of environmental protection be the same across firms. Now, the question is, how can the city of Springfield regulate both plants to reduce pollution to 12 tons of gunk per day? If Springfield knew the marginal cost of pollution reduction for both plants, then the city could make the same calculations we just made and mandate that plant A reduce gunk to 4 tons and plant B reduce gunk to 8 tons. But how would the city determine the marginal cost of pollution reduction for both plants? It could ask the managers of each plant to calculate the marginal cost of pollution reduction, but the managers would have not any incentive to provide accurate information. In fact, both managers would want to exaggerate the cost of reducing their own pollution so that the city would force the other plant to achieve a larger share of the total gunk reduction. This is one of the main arguments for incentive-based environmental regulations. Incentive-based regulations require less public knowledge about the variation in plants' marginal costs of environmental protection. One possible solution would be to impose a gunk tax on the two plants. By forcing the firms to pay the city for every ton of gunk they emit, the firms will have an incentive to reduce their emissions. Indeed, a $4 tax per ton would lead plant A to reduce its pollution to 4 tons and plant B to reduce its pollution to 8 tons. Why? Consider plant A. Reducing its pollution from 6 tons to 4 tons would cost it $4, as shown by the Blue Triangle. But it would save it $8 in tax, so plant A has an incentive to reduce its gunk. It has no incentive to reduce its gunk below 4 tons because a marginal cost of pollution reduction exceeds the tax, so it will emit 4 tons per day and pay the city of Springfield $16 in tax, as shown by the red rectangle. The situation is similar for plant B, which would reduce its gunk by 4 tons and pay $32 in tax. Economists often point to the double dividend that comes from taxing negative externalities. These taxes can lead to an efficient level of environmental degradation and they can raise funds for public goods. In this example, we have again assumed that the city knew what level of tax is needed to reduce gunk to 12 tons per day. This is unrealistic because the managers of the plant have no incentive to tell the city about the real marginal cost of pollution reduction. But in the real world, without perfect information, the city could estimate the correct tax and then adjust it as necessary over time. For example, suppose the city initially instituted a tax of $2 per ton of gunk. Then plant A would emit 5 tons of gunk per day and plant B would emit 10 tons of gunk per day. And the government would raise $30 in tax revenues per day. Since pollution levels are still above the tolerable level, this city could raise the tax until the pollution is reduced to a total of 12 tons per day. An alternative to imposing a tax would be requiring plants to obtain tradable permits for each ton of gunk they emit. This type of incentive-based regulation lets the government decide exactly how much gunk will be emitted and it allows firms to determine the cheapest way to reduce pollution. If the government auctioned off 12 permits each day, they would auction for $4 each in a competitive bid since the marginal cost of reducing gunk below a total of 12 tons is $4 for both firms. Plant A would purchase 4 permits and pay the government $16 and plant B would purchase 8 permits and pay the government $32. This outcome is identical to the $4 gunk tax in a previous example. The main difference is that by placing a cap on the total amount of gunk that can be emitted by the two firms, the city of Springfield can ensure that total gunk levels will immediately fall to 12 tons per year without knowing the marginal cost of both firms. Incentive-based regulations are not always a perfect solution for environmental problems. The readings discuss how they can lead to problems with hot spots. Incentive-based regulations can also require costly monitoring. Speculation can also lead to volatility in the price of permits. Although governments can theoretically raise money by auctioning off emissions, permits in a competitive bid, firms often lobby governments to give them the permits for free. In these cap and giveaway schemes, the government places a cap on how many tons of gunk can be emitted each day, but it then gives the permits to firms, usually based on their historical emissions. Cap and giveaway schemes can still lead to cost-effective pollution reduction since firms will still trade permits to minimize the compliance costs, but the government will not raise any money in the scheme and there is no double dividend. On your own, consider a cap and giveaway scheme for our example. Let's say that Springfield decides to cap total gunk at 12 tons per day and it gives 6 tradable permits to plant A and 6 tradable permits to plant B. Will either firms sell any of its permits to the other? What will be the price of the permits? Will the scheme make either firm better off? Why might Springfield implement this cap and giveaway scheme? Thanks for listening to your fourth technical lecture on the political economy and the environment.


I want to share with you this simple pentatonic, simple as A, B, C. If you understand what pentatonic skill is or what pentatonic is all about. So guys, I'm going to break everything down for you. It's simple, okay? It's all about your flexibility, your both fingers, okay? Your right hand, I'm going to explain if you have that flexibility on your right hand on your left, you can do this. Okay, so this is what I did. I played this groove on E minor pentatonic and I also switched to, what's it called? A minor pentatonic scale. Yes, I made these of that.  The key I made use of is E. The first groove I started with is E. The key of E and the second groove is A. So I'm grooving this groove on a minor pentatonic scale. I'm using my minor pentatonic scale. This is my E minor pentatonic scale. My E minor pentatonic scale is... which is... okay and the A minor pentatonic scale is... Okay, so I'm kind of connecting both keys together. The E minor pentatonic scale and the A minor pentatonic scale to give me that sweet groove, okay? To give me that sound when you're hearing. So the groove I started with, the E minor pentatonic scale. So mind you, this is your E string. So definitely that's your key, okay? Your key is E and this is your E string. So the open note I'm doing there is my E outside, okay? I don't want to do... Okay, so that's my E right there again on the B string. I don't want to do that. So what I did was to do the open notes, okay? So that's it. So I did everything I did on the A minor pentatonic scale. That is what I copied to A minor pentatonic scale. Okay, so that's it. The E minor pentatonic scale is your root, your flat third, your four, your five, your flat seven, okay? Your flat seven, then your your one. That's your root. So it's five note scale. One, two, three, four, five, one. Okay? Okay, so if you can get the pentatonic scale, you can draw this groove. Mind you, it's no longer major. It's your minor note, okay? So you can see it as your root, second, third, fourth, fifth, one, one, one. So see that's C that way. I think it will help you that way. Okay? So I'm going to show you this groove using scale degree. The scale degree on the scale, like on the E minor pentatonic scale, okay? We already know our one, our one, two, three, four, five, one. It's just like your major scale. Doremi versus seven notes go back to the one, okay? So the pentatonic scale, either the major or the minor, they are five notes, they are five note scale. Okay, so have that in mind. So I'm going to be using the numbers to explain the groove for you. So I started from the five, five, one, one. Again, five, one, your one, open. Four, five, four. Okay, so don't forget the slurry. So you're doing your slurry beautifies the groove. Okay, now come back after the open note, open one, after your one, you come back to okay, so you wait there. Then the harmony that I did leading me to my open note out there. So the harmony started in between your G and your A is in between your G and your A. So I did this on top of the fret. Then you played it, the open E. Harmony to sound, you're not going to press the strings down. Just rest on the three counts. One, two, three, open. Okay, so that's it. Okay, so that's how it will come out. The last harmony I did leading me to my A minor pentatonic scale, okay, has changed. Okay, so I'm on A minor pentatonic scale. If you notice, everything I did on the E minor pentatonic scale, that is what I copied to A minor pentatonic scale. So for the A minor pentatonic scale, this is what led me to the A minor pentatonic scale. So I did, they are very close. That's what led me to the A minor pentatonic scale. For the A minor pentatonic scale, I repeated the same riff, the one I played on the E minor pentatonic scale. That is exactly what I copied down to A minor pentatonic scale. Okay, so for the A minor pentatonic scale I did, so for the A minor pentatonic scale, here is it again. Oh, you go this way. When you go this way, it helps you to begin to learn how to slur. It helps your finger to start getting used to slurring, okay, when you go that way.  Okay, so when you're going this way or you're going this way, it helps your finger to start getting used to slurring. Just copy everything on the E minor pentatonic scale down to the A minor pentatonic scale. Okay, I believe that will help. There's a leak ID which is still on the A minor pentatonic scale, so I didn't go outside the scale. Okay, I used the A minor pentatonic scale to bring out that some sweet movements, that sweet leak. So everything I did there, this is the A minor pentatonic scale here again. The movement I did or the leak that I brought out there, I started from my one. Okay, so that's it. The key A is part of the E minor pentatonic scale. Yeah, when you look at it. So they are both connected, so I can easily connect both of them while playing that groove. I can easily do. Okay, so guys, basically that is everything I did. It's just the same groove I want to share with you guys. Hope you love it. Practice, practice is the keyword. Okay, practice. Fingering exercises, okay, don't joke with it, because this is what helps your fingers to be flexible, your fingers both right and left. So be flexible, okay. You can easily, when your fingers are flexible, you can easily approach some sudden moves on the bass guitar. So guys, and if you're new to this channel, please do not leave without hitting the subscribe button, looking at you right there. Okay, you can afford to miss new videos. I upload every week, okay. You don't want to miss it. Please subscribe, okay. Like, comment and share. And if you also need private lessons from me, every information is in the description below right there. You can reach me on the screen. You can get the information down. You can reach me by mail. You can text me by WhatsApp number on the screen there. Okay, and that's all for now. I will see you in my next video. Love you guys.


Jean-Yves Legalle, thank you for being with us. You're the president of the Science Nationale d'Etude spatiale in France. Obviously an expert on space. Do you share the Elon Musk dream of getting to Mars? We are on Mars in CNES because we have a number of cooperation with NASA and last night I got a picture from a sunset on Mars live but we didn't send a human to Mars and in fact Elon Musk that I had the pleasure to introduce in Adelaide Australia last month because I was at the International Astronomical Congress and he made came to make a presentation he wants to send a thousand of people to Mars by 2024 but with one-way tickets exactly yes and is that a reasonable vision dream or ambition it strikes me personally as being horrible perhaps for him but not for me because I just take round-trip tickets and so the question is why to go to Mars I think that NASA had the project which is a journey to Mars which is in my opinion much more reasonable the idea is to send by 2034 or 6 astronauts it's a long journey it's nine months to go six months in orbit nine months to come back in a kind of small space station today is a space station which is in orbit is a 400 tons the idea would be to send a station of 70 tons to Mars and with a round-trip ticket because to observe what is going on Mars and to come back much better idea a final question it seems to me that what Elon Musk has done and what Richard Branson maybe is trying to do is to introduce private enterprise the private sector into space operations what is Europe doing in that domain obviously it works and but what is sometimes a little bit disturbing in when he speaks is that he speaks about one third of things which are working pretty well today the Falcon now in a long vehicle is a good long vehicle one third which is let us stay a little bit futuristic and he and Adelaide introduced the BFR for big fucking rocket which is a huge rocket and one third which is in my opinion Utopia but because you have a mix of all these plus a number of sentences images people sometimes have some difficulty to see what is a truth and what is a dream a truly final question if we are able to come back in a hundred years time will we be in a universe in which there are human beings living on other planets on the planet is very difficult because in the solar system you have only Mars and in addition you don't have a atmosphere and living on Mars but living on Mars with a kind of umbilical going to be a fits very very difficult and in my opinion in 100 years from now we will still be on earth and I like it that's a very smart answer thank you very much Jean-Yves Lagarde thank you thanks a lot


Next question is from Keegan are how often should I be doing mobility work for each body part? I have multiple areas to hindering my lifts, but find it hard to spend the time needed each day Yeah, the best way to approach first of all, let's think of the goal with mobility training The number one goal with mobility training is to improve your coordination and connection to range as a motion Okay, the goal is not to build muscle. The goal is not necessarily to get Crazy strength gains now more mobility leads to building more muscle and more strength gains But the goal of mobility training is not the same as when you're lifting weights The goal is to connect and the best results you get from connecting is frequent practice frequent short practice so in other words 30 minute mobility session is not going to be as effective as Five ten minute, you know or five five minute mobility sessions. I should say or something like that or five six minute It's such an individual Dependence on so if it's impeding on like specific lifts like your technique I can't like hold my shoulders in that position for very long my knees are always buckling out things like that It really, you know, I would say that it is a priority It's something now that you do need to consider long-term if you don't address it the more Load and stress you apply to your joints that are, you know, not in a favorable position Where they're supposed to be You know, you're gonna suffer the consequences of that so it's really up to You know Assessing which ones are the the biggest offenders and I would focus my attention more on the the three or four Exercises that will really help to you know address those specific issues You have in in terms of not being able to hold yourself in a specific posture to Promote those types of movements. I feel like we get this question a lot. I get at this a lot in my DMs, too I don't know if you guys get this a lot I do a ton maybe because I talk about mobility a lot on my Instagram And people are always looking for like a prescription for me like tell me how many times I need this or how many times I should do that and it's this is a really hard one And I think Justin you hit it on the head really well Which is you look at what the the the greatest offenders are first like what is what is hindering?  Is it your ankle mobility? Is it your hip mobility? Is it your ability to retract your shoulders? Is it your forward head? I mean all those things are probably issues for most people. It's very common. It's very common for people to lack ankle Mobility, it's very common for people to lack hip mobility shoulder mobility to have this excessive forward head Those are all very very common. So it's like okay. Where do I start? Well, you know, I personally I started with my ankle and my hips like that was I was trying to improve my squat The the grossest offenders on there even though I had you know forward shoulder and a slight forward head And that is an offender to the group the greatest offender was my ankle and hips My ankle and hips was not allowing me to get depth in my squat And so that I just kind of hammered those like crazy. That was the one and and for me It's all about it's trying to create this as a habit in my daily routine It's not like oh programming it where and we did this in prime and prime pro for people to to make it easier for them So that we teach them how to program it in those programs, but really it's just it's about repetition It's trying to do it as much as you possibly can you frequently as possible Yeah, my recommendation is to go through something like prime pro And you pick out one or two joints that you really want to improve the mobility or that's the greatest offenders and you And all day long you're just you know get down in that combat stretch all day long get down in those 90 90s I mean you're trying to do it like Sal was saying you know five five minute times is far better than you doing this one long Session of you trying to get as frequent as possible And and then you address the next joint and the best way the best way to do this is to inject it into your regular Day, so let's say at night you watch TV With your spouse or whatever. Okay While you're watching TV get into mobility positions or every morning and every night you brush your teeth Okay, while brushing my teeth. I do this mobility move with my ankle or After dinner or when I'm washing dishes if you inject it throughout the day with your normal routine You'll be you'll do a very good job of being frequent and you'll see really rapid results if you try to structure it and Schedule it like a workout. It's not gonna work as well You


We have all seen that guy. Some of us have even been that guy. But who is that guy? Members of the Ciginell community work together to set up multiple displays around base to promote the That Guy campaign. Health Promotions Coordinator Lieutenant Sarah Anderson explains the goal of the campaign. We've all been at different events, whether it's a bar, a baseball game, or a command function where someone might get a little bit out of hand and not make the best decisions. Although the campaign is titled That Guy, it is not just directed towards guys. Girls can be that guy as well. The That Guy campaign is a research-based DoD tri-care behavior change campaign that takes a humorous approach and focuses on social disapproval to help reduce binge drinking among junior enlisted service members across all branches of the armed forces. To learn more about that guy, check out their website at ThatGuy.com. From Naval Air Station Ciginella, I'm Petty Officer Ryan McLearned.


Today, Friday, February 26th, 2021, the Ministry of Health and Wellness received confirmation of 207 new cases of COVID-19 from the Azure Long Laboratory. These results are from a batch of 804 samples taken during the period of February 8th to February 22nd, 2021. The Azure Long Laboratory has finalized the processes to increase the testing capacity and will be completely clearing the backlog over the next two days, hence the big testing sample numbers being processed. All of these individuals were seen at various community respiratory clinics where they were assessed and tested for COVID-19. In keeping with the national COVID-19 testing protocol, health practitioners placed each of these individuals in home quarantine while awaiting the return of their test results. Cases have since been made for the placement of those individuals into isolation. The contact tracing for these new cases is underway. The new cases bring the total number of cases diagnosed in country to date to 3,356. The Ministry of Health also received confirmation of the recovery of 33 individuals, bringing the total number of active cases in country to date to 404. Presently, two of the active cases are requiring critical care at the respiratory hospital. Today, the Ministry of Health also reports one COVID-19 related death bringing the total number of deaths in country to date to 3,356. Death number 3,356 is an 80-year-old male from the Castries District with underlying medical conditions. He passed away while in care. The Ministry of Health extends condolences to the family and loved ones of this individual. As explained earlier, over the next couple of days, the Azure Long Lab will be clearing the remaining backlog of COVID-19 tests. As such, a large number of samples will be processed and the results released. It is expected that the Azure Long Laboratory will resume its normal testing of COVID-19 with the 24-hour turnaround time on Monday, March 1, 2021. Let us continue practicing the infection prevention and control measures to minimize the spread of COVID-19. Wash your hands during the day using soap and flowing water, wear a mask in public places and ensure it covers the mouth, chin and nose. Maintain a physical distance from others. Use a bleach solution to sanitize frequently touched surfaces and frequently handled objects. Avoid contact with other people who have flu-like symptoms. If you are experiencing flu-like symptoms, keep away from others and seek medical care. The Ministry of Health and Wellness will continue providing updates to the public as new information becomes available.