Hi everyone, this is the Circuit Python Weekly for the week of November 15th, 2021. This is the time of the week where we get together to talk about all things Circuit Python. I'm Dan. I'm sponsored by Adafruit to work on Circuit Python. I work on the Circuit Python core in particular. Circuit Python is a version of Python that's designed to run on tiny computers called microcontrollers. Circuit Python development is primarily sponsored by Adafruit. So if you want to support them and support Circuit Python, consider purchasing the hardware from Adafruit.com. This meeting is hosted on the Adafruit Discord server. You can join anytime by going to adafru.it slash discord and you'll get a URL that you enter the server on Discord. You hold the meeting in the Circuit Python Dev text channel and the Circuit Python voice channel. This meeting typically happens on Mondays at 2 p.m. Eastern time in the U.S., 11 a.m. Pacific time in the U.S., except when it coincides with the U.S. holiday. There are a lot of U.S. holidays on Mondays. If the meeting time is changed, we'll notify you via Discord. If you wish to be notified about changes to the meeting, we can add you to the Circuit Pythonese's Discord role. There's also a calendar available in Google Calendar that we try to keep updated if you'd like to subscribe to that. This meeting is recorded, we record audio from the voice channel, and video from the text channel. If you'd rather not have your voice recorded, you are still welcome to participate. The video of this meeting will be posted to YouTube after the meeting is over and the audio will be released as a podcast. If you find this podcast is not available on your favorite podcast service, please let us know. There is a note stock to accompany the meeting and recording. If you wish to participate but can't make it to the meeting, you can leave Hugg reports and status updates for us in the document, and we'll read them off during the meeting.  Let me put a link to the note stock in the chat. There you go. Okay, I'll take his timestamp and we'll start with community news. I'm putting a timestamp in the wrong place, hold on a second. Okay, first we'll go over some community news, which will be in the Circuit Python newsletter, which comes out tomorrow. We've got sort of the headline news items from the newsletter here. The first one is that CircuitPython 7.1.0 beta zero is now available. It's the initial beta release for CircuitPython 7.1.0. It is relatively stable, but it contains issues we may still address for 7.1.0. So there's a list of things that have been added to 7.1.0 since 7.0.0, most notably keypad.events, now has timestamps. The express port now provides some additional features, I2C peripheral, Wi-Fi monitor mode, ESP32C3 support initially, and parallel image capture support. There's some additions to bitmap tools. There's preliminary support for async.io. You can use the CircuitPython async.io library, which will be in the bundle soon. And I'm writing a guide for that. GIFIO for writing GIF images is available now. HID now provides boot device and feature report support. Rotary.io now lets you set number of clicks per, or the number of counts per transition. The SAMD port now has watchdog and alarm with sleep support. The STM port now supports the STM32LR45, L4R5 chip, and we've merged in the latest release for MicroPython, which is 1.17. Our next news item is about Make Magazine. Make Magazine issues are now available on Internet Archive. There's a link in the notes. If I understand properly, it's sort of like a lending library. A certain number of people can check out a copy, and when you're done, you return it to the Internet Archive. So it's basically like a public library. There's a limited number of copies, and that's how you control how many people can look at it at once. The podcast, sort of podcast, or video podcast, in the last one, Scott was on, and he joined Tom's, the Tom's hardware podcast to talk about a new version of the programming language that boots up on bare metal Raspberry Pi without a host OS like Raspbian required. And also in this issue of the podcast, Les Pounder showed off the new version of the Raspberry Pi OS named Bullseye. Okay, now let's talk a little bit more about the weekly newsletter. Circuit Python with the newsletter is a Circuit Python community-run newsletter emailed every Tuesday. The complete archives are available on AdafruitDaily.com. It highlights the latest Python and hardware-related news from around the web, including Circuit Python and MicroPython developments. You can contribute your own news or project to the newsletter. You can make a poll request on GitHub to the repo for the weekly newsletter. You can also tag a tweet in Twitter with Pound Circuit Python, if you want, and it will notice it. Or you can email cpenews at Adafruit.com. Any of those ways will get us, will get the material into the newsletter for the next week. Okay, now our next main section is State of Circuit Python. The library is in Blinka. This says how we're doing in terms of development and fixing bugs and adding features. So overall, in the past week, there were 122 poll requests merged. A lot of new authors, including URF-DVW, Rezel Manda, Emergery Animator, M.A. Fultonborg, La Brusca, Zebular 13, and Nosferrado Jr., are new people we haven't seen before, we think. There were 19 authors, 10 reviewers, and 17 issues were closed by 12 people, and 13 issues were opened by nine people. So we're ahead of the game in terms of closing issues. In the Circuit Python core, we had 17 poll requests merged by 11 authors, five reviewers. We still got 15 open poll requests. A bunch of those are drafts or are awaiting 800, the initial versions of 800, so they'll stick around for a while, but 15 isn't too bad, and I think a few have been closed recently since this list was made. Six issues were closed by five people, and seven issues were opened by four people. So we've got 450 open issues right now. There are 22 issues that are still open. We hope to fix in some version of Python 7. We've got eight issues that are deferred until 800, and we've got 398 long-term issues and some other miscellaneous issues. Only one issue is not assigned to Milestone, we'll fix that. Our next section is the State of the Libraries, and Katnie, are you available to talk about that? I am, if you can hear me. I can hear you. Yep. Great. So this applies to all of the Adafruit Circuit Python libraries, which is everything that starts with Adafruit underscore, Circuit Python underscore, as well as a couple of extras, like our cookie cutter and the community bundle. So over the last week, across all of these repos, we had 104 poll requests merged from eight different authors and seven reviewers. One of those PRs was 107 days old, which is good to say that we're still getting through some older ones. I deleted the full list. It was multiple pages long. There is a link to our report if you wish to see all of those merged PRs. And that leaves us with 58 open poll requests. There were 10 issues closed by seven people and six open by six people, leaving us with 627 open issues. 259 of those are labeled good first issue. If you're interested in contributing to Circuit Python on the Python side of things, visit circuitpython.org slash contributing. You'll find this information and more open poll requests and open issues. And you can search the issues by label. If you're new to everything, check out good first issues. Those are a great place to start. And if you're looking for something more complicated, check out bug or enhancement. Find an issue that interests you. Comment on it that you're working on it. If you need help from us, we have a guide on contributing to Circuit Python using GitHub and GitHub. And we're also always available both via GitHub and Discord. So feel free to pop into Discord and post your question or post it on the issue that you are choosing to work on. In terms of library updates in the last seven days, there were no new libraries but a number of updated libraries. And you will see next week that list will also have to be deleted because we just did a major update and all of the releases are being done today. So overall, we finished a series of library updates, including an update to the pilot to run 2.11.1, an update that forces older libraries read the docs to run the latest Sphinx, an update to the pre-commit config to include disabling pilot considered using fstrings, and duplicate code for examples and tests. Where necessary, we also disabled duplicate code for the library code as well. We reverted the increase to the min similarity lines, which is what the threshold that must be met to trigger the duplicate code check. And so we know where there are duplicate code issues in the libraries, and we can address that at a later date. I didn't get to finish typing this out, but a community member is still going through all of the type int PRs, so expect to continue to see those. And basically, we shouldn't have to do another update like this for a while, which is about how it goes. And I guess that's about where we're at. Okay, thank you very much, Katnie. Okay, MakerBlessig, are you available to do the Blinka update? I am, if you can hear me. Yep. Okay, so Blinka is our circuit Python compatibility layer for MicroPython, Raspberry Pi, and other single board computers. And this week we had one pull request merged by one author and one reviewer. There are three open pull requests still, and there was one closed issue by one person, and zero open by zero people leaving a net of 64 open issues amongst all the repos. There were 13,372 PiWheels downloads in the last month, and we are currently supporting 77 boards. And that's it. Okay, thank you very much, Melissa. Okay, now we'll go on to Hug Reports. Hug Reports are where we recognize contributions to circuit Python and its libraries from the community. And people usually have particular people they want to thank. So I'll start, and we'll go down the list and then back around to the top. I'd like to thank Tetrick, who's done all kinds of library and documentation fixes in the past week or so. A tremendous amount of output. Thank you very much. And I'd also like to thank Jeff Epler, who did a flurry of PRs to the core just before he left for a short break. We had a lot of stuff to review over the weekend. Thank you very much, Jeff. He's not here today. Okay, Foamy Guy, who's not here right now, so I'll read their contributions. Thanks to Jeff for finding and reporting an issue with the library example screenshot utility, and Dan H for reviewing the PR to fix it. That's the images that look like screenshots from the Mac in particular in guides, but they're actually generated programmatically. So we can change them easily. Thanks to GitHub user Tetrick for continuing to submit PRs for typing information and other things. Thanks to GitHub user 560 for submitting typing information for the APDS9960 library and working through feedback on the PR for that. Thanks to Katny for looking into an issue with Pylon config, testing out some solutions and providing guidance. And thanks to Mark Gambler for working on display IO support for LED matrix classes. Okay, and Jerry, you can go ahead if you're ready. I am. Hi. Let's see. So everybody involved in the BLE workflow, the pie leap and glider stuff. So really cool new stuff to play with. And to Adafoot for all the new ESP32S2 feather toys. And everybody involved in 7.1 beta release. Congratulations. Thank you very much, Jerry. Okay, Katny. All right. So I have a list here. First up, a hug report to Dylan for getting through the pilot update and all the other various updates. I just listed off in the library section. There was a lot going on and every time we did a patch, I thought of something else we might as well patch while we were at it. So there were a lot of patches. And for those who are not aware of the process, sometimes those patches skip certain libraries. So there's always cleanup afterwards. So it's not quite so simple as just applying the patch and everything's good to go. So it's always cleanup. Thanks to Tech Trick for a ton of help with getting the libraries that were missed in the patch updated with the patch code for being so patient with learning our CI and processes and for working through the type hint issues. To FOMIGuy for thoroughly reviewing type hint PRs and asking thoughtful questions. To Keith the EE and Mark Gambler for helping with reviewing the final pilot PRs. To PT and Aida for IT for getting me set up with an Adobe stock subscription to make doing guided images in a non-potential copyright violating manner, much simpler. It turns out just because it says it's free on Google doesn't mean it's free. Not that there's actually been an issue for me, but this is just, you know, common understanding. So it's not great to use images that aren't obviously licensed and now I have access to tons of stuff that is officially licensed. So I don't have to scramble to dig around anymore. To Jeff for writing me a script to combine the two CSV files available for my Aida for order history, which are order history and products history. The script combines the two so I can go through and identify every product shipped to a specific address. Neither one of those things has enough information, but the two combined has has plenty. And finally to Jeff for teaching me how to do nested with statements. I have already been able to share that with somebody else. And so I'm far more likely to remember it. Thank you very much. That's what I've got. Thank you. Okay. Melissa, can you go ahead? Okay. I wanted to just give a group hug to everyone. Okay. Thanks. Okay. Mark, if you're on, if you're available, always looking. So I'll just say, I'll read marks. Mark, thanks, paint your dragon for all the original IS 31 code I learned from and a group hub because I know I am forgetting others. And now we'll move on to Scott. Hello. First, a hug report to cat knee for the welcome to circuit python revamp and also for jumping into help with the Piley content. I'm excited to get more guides in there. So thank you for jumping into that. Or leaping into that. Should I say a hunger for to Trevor and Antonio for their work on Piley and file glider accordingly. And also a shout out to maker Melissa for all of their work on code dot circuit python org, which is very exciting. And we're just starting to see this push to all these new stuff. And I'm excited for people to try it. So thank you all. Okay. Thank you, Scott. We'll wrap around to the top. I'll read anecdatas who was lurking. Thanks micro dev for the completion of the monitor PR ESP, ESP 32 s to safe mode fixes and review of the MAC address PR. And thanks to Jepler for help with type hints and finding a bug while doing so. Okay. See Grover is also text only. So I'll read theirs. It seems to take another time code or previous time code approximately. See Grover says thanks to the team for the 7.1 beta release and group code to the team and community. Okay. That wraps up hug reports. We'll move on to status updates. I'll start. Main one of the main things I did last week was make a circuit python 7.1 point zero beta zero release. Thanks to S Kerr. I forgot to say who didn't some initial work on that. That was quite helpful. So there were a zillion changes. There were something like a hundred things to put in, I believe, but try out 7.1 point zero beta zero if you get a chance. And I've started working on an async IO learn guide with an overview of what cooperative multitasking is. And I'll give some simple examples. Okay. Foamy guy is not here. So I'll read theirs. Foamy guy is reviewing more type PRs. They've debugged and fixed an issue resulting in extra blank lines in the library example screenshots we talked about before and outside of circuit python. Foamy guy is diving into Phaser 3, the Phaser 3 JavaScript game engine a bit. Ultimately hoping to use what I learned to make a game that is played in a browser on a PC and controlled by a pi gamer connected via USB. Okay. Jerry, are you ready now? I am. See, so still on a pretty limited time availability due to being called back to work, but hopefully be wrapping that up soon and at least it pays for some new toys. Let's see. So I did play with the pi leaping glider. They work really well as, you know, out of the box. It's fun to see him working. And I just got some of the new ESP32 features. I want to give a quick report. A couple of things I stumbled across and from what I can tell, I can't get them to trigger into a UF2 bootloader. So I was talking with Catney. There seems to be some thought that there is one on there, but I couldn't get it to trigger. So what I ended up doing was erasing the loading circuit python, you know, directly. But I found that when I did that, I had to first erase the flash first and put the circuit python or else circuit python wouldn't boot. And I've seen that before on the ESP32 S2s. So just a heads up to anyone else. You can get the bootloader to work great, but I couldn't. And I haven't tried loading the bootloader to it yet. That would be another thing. And another funny little thing that occurred on the boards that have the built-in BME280. I'm seeing or was seeing this intermittent OS Error 19 unsupported operation. Sometimes it happened after it ran, I was running the BME280 simple test. And sometimes it would work for a cycle and then it would give this error. Sometimes it would give the error right away. It tried to be a code.py or be REPL. It's totally unpredictable and now I can't reproduce it. So I don't know. I'll keep, if I can reproduce it, I'll put an issue in somewhere, but it's just so again, if anyone is playing with those boards, let me be interested to see if you run into any of these issues. And then last week I upgraded some Raspberry Pis to Bullseye. And some interesting things there again for people to be aware of. I found Blinka work great, but on the braincraft, the Pi TFT support broke because they made a fundamental change to camera support. The old Raspy Still and Raspy Vid are gone. And so that didn't work. And a lot of other things that I have are broken out from that. There's a lot of information out there on the Raspberry Pi forums. I posted a link. There is a potential work around that I just haven't had a chance to try yet. But if anybody's upgrading to Bullseye, just be aware there's supposedly a very good new camera support, lib camera. But it's just, you know, some older stuff won't work. Good luck. Jerry and your feline assistant. Yes. Willing to help. All right. That's perfect timing on that last meow. All right, so last week finished up the Welcome to Circuit Python Guide update. I may have mentioned it last week. It's still awaiting final moderation. It's super huge. So I understand why it's still final moderation. It's going to be a bit of a task to go through. So there's still one page that's not published. I updated Kucky Cutter to include the read the docs fix, worked with Dylan to patch the libraries with the read the docs fix, put in a few pilot PRs and learn something new in the process. Thanks again to Jeff. Started the guide for the new monochrome 1.12 inch 128 by 128 OLED. I'm now no longer waiting for it to arrive because it's here, but was waiting for the hardware to be able to continue. Approved the final pilot PRs and identified seven circuit playground blue fruit examples that would be ideal for Pi Leap. Submitted all the code to the learn repo and started working on the guides for each of them. They each need a separate guide because that's just how Pi Leap works and there are three out of seven done. They're not public yet, but that'll be soon. So this week I'm going to be finishing up the Pi Leap guides. I'm going to start the Feather ESP 32 S2 guide. Finish the monochrome OLED guide. Make sure that existing pretty pins diagrams are in all the guides and repos they're supposed to be. A whole bunch of them got made when they when Philby and LeMore were working on pretty pins and they never got where they were supposed to be. So I have all the files for those. They just need to be uploaded to various places. Update the pretty pins read me to include instructions for using pretty pins. It currently just has a couple of a couple of commands to run. It doesn't actually tell you what any of it means or how to get set up for it or what files you need to do it, etc. And then that is also in preparation to get Dylan spun up on doing pretty pins and also unrelated spin up Dylan on creating fritzing objects. And I also cannot get these two feather ESP32S2s into the boot loader even with the purple LED which is supposed to be the indicator of when to tap reset. So I will look into why that is but I just wanted to let Jerry know that it's not you and I tried one with the BME and one without. I mean they're the same board. It shouldn't have made a difference but it doesn't. So that is what I've got. Okay, thank you Kat. Okay, Melissa, you can go ahead. Hello. So last week I fixed the PiDFT in Solrf for the update Raspberry PiOS bull release and I wrote a guide for using the new certificate of Python code editor which is now in moderation and this week I'm going to be working on adding missing boards to circuitpython.org. I'm actually working on that now and I'm going to update Raspberry Pi Blinka setup guide with using the Python extended bus library because a few people have requested that feature not knowing that was available. I'm going to maybe work on some circuitpython.org issues or maybe start another guide I'm not sure yet after that and that's it. Okay, thank you. Okay, Scott, go ahead. Hello. So last week I got circuitpython running on the Pi0 2W which was exciting. So basically it's in parity with what I've got on the Pi4 going. It's not perfect so the SD card support nearly works. I'm able to flash my system and that's really good but the problem is that I enabled mass storage over USB and somehow the accesses over USB are causing some problems so I'm going to have to figure out why that is. That's some of my work this week. I figured out how to generate image files that can be flashed with imager or etcher as you tried. That's a great way for us to distribute it and hopefully we can convince the Raspberry Pi folks to actually have in the imager a sub category for circuitpython so it'll be really easy for people to pick that. So this week I'm hoping and hoping and hoping and hoping to fix these bugs that make USB unreliable so that we can have kind of the full workflow going. On top of that there's a little bit more polish to do we do a first first merge and getting it into circuitpython.org. We'll need to polish up the board definition so it has all the pins with all the different names. I want to make it so that displays can be re-initialized at different resolutions and that board.display exists so that you can do more than just see the serial output and then after that probably after that I want to add a page to circuitpython.org for the USB stuff. So we do have PyLeap and FileGlider available as TestFlight which is a link that you click and then if you install the TestFlight app and that then installs these other apps for you to try it's pretty easy and I posted some links in circuitpython.dev last week so if you want to try out these new two new apps PyLeap and FileGlider let me know but I do hope to get a page on circuitpython.org that links to those two apps and also to code.circuitpython.org as well this week too so I'm just, I'm kind of obsessed about getting this PyLeap the Raspberry Pi stuff quote unquote done so that we can get it in so I'll probably just go heads down on that to get started so yeah, that's where I'm at trying to do other things than my brain can't thank you Scott alright now we'll wrap around to the top I'll read Cgrover who's text only Cgrover added three new scalable object classes to the display IO widget library one is a 10 segment stackable bar graph based on the LM391 X family of bar.displaydrivers a stripeable Neopixel object and a stackable four digit seven segment LED bubble display module based on the HP35 calculator display and Cgrover gives a link to a demo on YouTube if you'd like to see that also the newest widget objects are working using absolute display addressing next step is to convert to normalize the dressing to provide display size independence as with the existing scale and magic eye objects three more widgets are planned for the library an analog clock dial a traditional 90 degree analog panel meter and a horizontal edge view analog meter and Cgrover hasn't been able to start working on the new display IO arc method to draw arcs perhaps sometime later this week so these widgets all sound like some fantastic synthesizer kind of panel display is in the offing I guess okay thanks for that Cgrover so if we're now done with status updates we're moving on to the in the weeds section so Scott you're up first yes thank you sorry I'm trying to debug so I was listening to this podcast called change log and they had a person who was working on some project that I forgot them but they mentioned that they're using orbit dot love which is a kind of a community tracker as a way to keep track of like who the most engaged people in their community are and they also have some it also does some metrics around like folks that were active that are no longer as active kind of like coming into your community or leaving your community and I did actually set it up for discord already for circuit python but before I pulled some other sources of data I wanted to get a read of everybody's comfort level if we have a central place that potentially like links people's accounts across services so that this would allow us to say like this person on discord is also this person on github and we can kind of like score or keep track of their involvement across those two platforms before I did that I wanted to run it by people to see if you're comfortable with that or not are do people set up their own associations like I don't think so so these are the so what it what it can be doing is it can it like suggests merges so I've gotten some false positives in terms of like yeah I've gotten some false positives from like discord names that are the same I've gotten some merge options for that I don't know if orbit.love allows like for opt-in by each user I'm also we can do it as a team although at some point it becomes kind of a paid thing where we could actually get more people otherwise I'm happy to also do it in terms of just like let me know that you're okay with that and then either I can give you access or or we can do that so I'm okay kind of like doing it on an opt-in basis but I don't know how much it will try to automatically do for me if I do actually do it on like I'm not sure how I feel about all this okay I mean that's why I'm asking yeah if anybody wants so I do have it set up with discord only and I can add teammates so if you're interested in just taking a look at it in more detail let me know and I'll I can add people as teammates to take a look at it too but I know that we do kind of track community involvement anyway yeah that's right oh my z shell that's when they mentioned it so yeah so I don't have to do it but I know that we do kind of sometimes do want to track how many people are involved so I'm okay not doing this I think it is going to be more work but there is potentially some interesting kind of cross-service stuff that we can see yeah so I think maybe we should just I mean I would say let's go ahead and look at it independently and then think about it and I think we don't have to do the cross-service thing I think the statistics that we might get like github's involvement statistics are kind of hard to understand sometimes and discord also that stuff is publicly available from the API probably but if it's if it's in a nicely digested format that can be interesting so yeah and they do have this notion of workspaces so it's possible we could actually create like separate workspaces for different services so we could at least like aggregate all github involvement across our repos together but not necessarily connecting that to discord yeah I think that would be doable if we found that to be helpful so yeah let me know if you want to be added as a teammate I've only set it up to suck in discord data which I think is okay because I think people need to treat discord as a public thing because anybody can join it and anybody can get access to what's going on there so yeah go ahead and just reach out to me and let me know what you think if you want to try it or if you want to make sure that we don't have anything happen there but it's also not super high on my list I just thought it was potentially an interesting tool for us okay are there other comments about this that anyone has okay well thanks Scott I think we'll all look at it and think about it yeah okay Mark are you available to do your section so I put in the draft PR for the IS-31 driver and I've got a few questions and I understand that most people probably haven't had a chance to look at it so some of these might just be deferred but I put it in draft because there are some finishing polishes that I just wasn't sure the best direction to go that I wanted to put out there so more to bring these up as questions I still have than to necessarily get an answer today so the first was right now should this be in the core and then what board should it be turned on for I have seemed to have got a lot of response that people like this so I'm thinking the answer is yes the first one right now the PR only has it turned on for the one eyeglass specific board I'm not sure how much space it's going to take in the end so is it worth enabling it for more boards or not I think we would need to know how much space it is overall and I haven't looked at the NRF boards and I guess it's not just NRF boards it's any board yeah it should work with any right now I've only tested it on the NRF board yeah I mean it's obvious that it should go on the LED driver board maybe one of those things is like if you don't have that and you want it we have the building circuit by then learn guide and it's not hard to turn on yeah that's what I was thinking as well because we have the demo on PILEEP with the circuit playground bluefruit maybe that would be a second board to have it on by default but I don't know what our space situation for that is it's something I can look at as well just to sort of get an idea so the next one I think I know the answer to but was for these matrices of LED there's a mapping for those that don't know that basically pixel 00 is LED 8, 9 and 10 for RGB now this changes display board so the glasses has one mapping versus the others so my thought is just to pass this in as potentially an array to the initialization does that seem to make sense pass it to the mapping yeah it passed the mapping in well I would probably just do it as a big byte oh yeah it's not something that a lot of people are going to have to manipulate and it's something that you're going to want to make sure is kind of compact and as I thought towards and part of stealing my thunder for question 4 was would a helper python library be worthwhile in this case and I'm thinking yes because then we can provide mm-hmm here is the mapping so you're not trying to map 300 pixels yourself right I'll put in something for that mm-hmm this is one I was less sure on the best way to go is for the gamma table which is fairly necessarily to make it look good it's hard coded in the Arduino driver but of course it would increase build size it can be calculated in RAM so it's kind of a trade off RAM versus build size it's 256 bytes so I'm not sure what the best way to go is that's pretty small from a firmware point of view so unless you think that somebody needs to change the gamut like do you think that's something that people want to vary that was my only thought is if you wanted to vary the gamma value it's hard coded into the Arduino as well as I think that's exponent was 2.6 and tends to work fairly well but if it's calculated at run time then of course it can be varied so are there variants on the LEDs like different not that I've heard of before but I'm not an expert in this area the other thing we've seen in the past like sometimes the manufacturer changes the process like we've gotten the A12 or SK's I can't remember like they changed and they got brighter or dimmer or something and so that's a reason to make it flexible in the future in case there's some manufacturing change in it I think either making it 256 is fine on either the RAM or the firmware size I don't think it makes a lot of difference so you might do the more flexible one well I would say do the flash one do the easiest thing first yeah that's the other thought it's easy enough to change later yeah and the thing that what was I doing like this there was some other thing that I kind of had the same trade off and you also have to account for that if you're generating it and putting it in RAM you're actually adding code size so that 256 bytes is not competing against zero flash space it's competing about against how much code size gets added to store the code that generates the table so the difference is going to be less than 256 bytes so I would just say do the simplest thing okay that one makes sense yeah and the last sorry just to say I don't know how big that code would be but my guess is not that small if it starts being configurable it'll grow in size sure yeah yeah I mean that's a separate reason to do it in RAM and the final one again this is the one that I'm not sure if there's a good answer to today is things like the eyeglasses ring lights and it might be only this board that ever has this where it's like is the display matrix but there's still other LEDs on the board it'd be nice to be able to control both but there's no real way to map that into the display IO because it's dealing with a screen type object the only thing I could think is that the python a python library that at least knows that the I2C for the the display is also going on and can kind of balance the two this might be a for later type deal so right now the library doesn't do any your module doesn't do anything with those no it treats it as an 18 by 5 display okay because they don't map nicely into an XY coordinate I haven't really played with running both the python driver and this at the same time in theory they should work because they're both just sharing the same bus you have a bit of a race condition over initialization whichever is initialized first gets the final say but again that shouldn't matter I'm thinking about this one a little bit more because for my what I hope to finally do with this code myself I would like the ring lights going so I wonder my brain kind of went to the like what if you made the ring lights like separate rows in the display frame buffer the problem is the ring lights are 24 pixels or 23 so it doesn't I thought the same thing if they were both 18 then sure but I wonder if what you do is because you have you're introducing a new object for this right maybe I haven't I haven't looked at it that's yeah maybe what you want to do is actually present a pixel buff on that object one maybe one for each eye or whatever the python library does in terms of like because it produces a pixel buff equivalent right like yeah the only thing I thought there was there are other boards that use this chipset which actually is a question I had well talking in this is I think it makes sense to keep this a little bit generic you threw me off by the fact that you wanted it to work well and it can be something that I can keep poking at after like if it isn't sort of make it break it for now but it's probably play with it on my own to see what I can do I mean it can still be extra rows and just some of them aren't functional that's kind of yeah if it's two rows of 18 and only six of the last row are useful that's that's just the programmers problem so and you're not going to use you're not going to draw shapes or anything in those rows right they're just so they're just you're just going to turn them on and off or something so I mean the idea of making it like a neopixel string or something is kind of could present it as that also but that's pretty complicated problem internally so I mean you could in the same way that you're passing a giant array for the mapping you could also pass like a list of bytes yeah like a secondary yeah for like right like however many pixel buffs you want of that view of this thing and those bytes tell you the RGB numbers for the things that you're going to treat as a pixel buff because I'm just worried that like what if you're going to want to treat it like use the LED animations but also how to display IO going like yeah actually using the pixel buff is and passing something for there is interesting I'll take a look at that I think that is probably what you're going to want I agree with Dan that like there is something interesting about like saying like pixels have special values in this particular spot like in the frame buffer but that's not going to make it easy for people to use the existing LED animations that they probably just want on the rings yeah I'll take a look at that and see what I can do because that that's an interesting idea and then if it can be passed in and then the driver just sort of manages right and you can default it to nothing so that for the like regular and just grid thing yeah and we're going to want like what you're talking about like basic helper libraries on top of this just to do the basic initialization for a particular device yeah that's what I was figuring and so like it's not like people are going to really need to manage these weird byte arrays that do all these mappings it's like very similar to the way that like we have very light wrappers for all the e-ink initialization stuff and all the display initialization stuff like sounds like you're on the right track okay that's good I sort of had some thoughts but I just wanted to make sure it was matching what you guys as well thought yeah I'll take a look I'll take a look in the next couple hours to yeah to look here the only other thing is I've only been able to test this on the eyeglass because that's what I've got so if anyone's got any other devices they want to run it on and let me know how it works that's great okay okay all right well thanks for that discussion thanks a lot okay so that wraps up this edition of the circuit python weekly meeting next meeting is next Monday again at 2 p.m. Eastern 11 a.m. Central this time this this meeting will be up on YouTube in a little while and also on podcast services hopefully the recording has come out fine all right anything else anybody would like to get into the recording right now if not I will stop recording


Okay Welcome back everybody to our second lecture second hour on Church and ministry administration are there any questions from anyone? So you went for the break and came back any questions? All right Let's move forward that's going to share sharing the on PDF so What we've done so far is established a biblical perspective on you know the fact that There you know God is a God or order design and he's put that in the work that he does on the earth We also said there's a practical perspective People do expect the church to be organized Have good administration now the you know Like I mentioned very beginning when we when we talk about administration and organizers and People will make some excuse gentle and what are some of the excuses we might encounter Some people say oh, we don't have proper training, you know, we went to Bible college. They only taught us the Bible They taught us scripture. They taught us the work of the spirit They didn't teach us leadership and management and organization and administration So we don't know how to do this. So we won't do it. Well, that's an excuse Which can be overcome that means you can learn you can learn how to you know have Proporganization and how to put things together how to plan how to organize so that can be learned if a skill that can be developed another excuse might be We don't have skilled people to do this Right, or we don't have the means to hire skilled people Maybe we can start off by engaging volunteers like we said There could be people Are gifted by God in leadership and administration and helps We just need to bring them together and give them the opportunity and start with what you have You know, maybe you have two people who are willing to do it. Okay start with them And then from there we you know as as things grow Got to provide and how to bring it in more skilled people and maybe you'll even come to a time when you can fire skilled people to help Another excuse will be well, you know, this is church and Ministry must only be done By those trained in spiritual matters. We don't want the secular things to come into the church, you know, we We must and I am just come combining these two points spiritual personal and you know, we must maintain Focus on spiritual things and we don't want to get distracted by you know, organization and so on well, like we said even Administrations helps leadership's service generosity These are gifts and graces given by God You know, so being there are people who are given these gifts and graces and they Can serve in the church and they can help Do things in the church So it's not that we don't need these people. They are part of what God is doing Another excuse could be, you know, we want to maintain a very spiritual level We don't want any corporate. We don't any organization. We don't want, you know To have any rules and regulations and all that Well, if you're going to be organized, you need to have things in place You need to have certain Guidance and things have to be in a certain way We're not saying just because we are organized. We are becoming like the world, you know, God himself is organized So obviously if we can show in in the church and And, you know, another excuse might be, you know, this is God's work We don't need these kinds of human involvement. Well, this is God's work, but God is working through people Right? He's working through us And so we we need to bring our best To bear for the kingdom of God. So these are just some excuses that could be others, you know That people we don't want to have organization. We don't be having good administration But these excuses, you know, we can have a good response to them and hopefully convince people that We need to have good administration Let's go to lesson number two Which is What are the objectives of good administration? What are we trying to achieve and what are we after when we say church and ministry administration What are we trying to achieve? so when we say Administration we use the word administrates We're referring to all kinds of activities that actually support the spiritual ministry So all kinds of things that support the spiritual ministry Can be classified as administration helps And it's actually undergirded It's helping us do the spiritual ministry. Well, whether it's to equip believers or share the gospel with those outside the church So Let's begin by re re-emphasizing what we already said that administration Is a spiritual ministry In the context of the church It is A god anointed ministry God appointed and god anointed So we shouldn't think that administration is how it's just meant for people who don't Don't have any level of spiritual interest. No, no, no administration is a god appointed And god anointed ministry Like we read in 1st Corinthians 12 28 god has appointed in the church helps administration So it's a god appointed ministry And we saw in Romans 12 God himself has given grace So it is a god anointed god graced ministry You know, so even if somebody's just doing helps administration organization leadership planning financial management These are not You know Let me put this back. These are god appointed and god anointed ministries in the church They may look very ordinary but God has appointed them. God has anointed them to do that So it is a spiritual ministry in that sense that god is in it and the word for ministry the word for You know, when we look at the Greek words, the word for servant Let's let's read Romans 16. We haven't read that. That's interesting. It talks about Phoebe Romans 16 Let's read that Romans 16 verses 1 and 2 could somebody read it, please Okay Sorry to turn off that The echo here Thank you Thank you So Romans 16 1 and 2 is talking about Phoebe And she's a servant same word for deacon or minister right and And she yeah Paul says, you know receive her and yeah treat her in a in a good way So that she can assist in whatever business she has need So she's just attending to some Administrative things on business. He calls it So he's using the same word for deacon For what Phoebe is doing. She's a deacon. She's a deaconess. She's doing some business. She's attending to some business In first coin this 1228 there was but what we read earlier helps It means to assist administrations It means to steer the ship and you know, it can be used For different kinds of leaders within government or leaders or organizers Awesome. That's the word administration is steering the ship. Yeah Kind of guiding the ship in the way it should go So other big responsibility, you know taking care of the ship, but that's the word administration that's used in this Corinthians 1228 which we read In uh first Timothy chapter 3 1 to 13 in there is like we mentioned there are bishops or spiritual leaders, but they're also deacons the same word servant or deacon or a minister We see them so what I want to emphasize is That administration is a god appointed and god anointed minister Maybe shouldn't look down on it. God has gifted these people and he's put them in the church So administration can be also looked at and this is actually more from a you know general management perspective that you know Generally, they tend to debate is it an art or is it a science, you know But it is both there is an art to it. You know, how do you organize? How do you? See the right people in the right place and then working together It's almost like an art like, you know, how an artist Would see the colors coming on there, you know drawing and painting and you know, it's almost like an art But there is also a science to it. That means you can learn Yeah, this is how you do it So art meaning It is something That there are traits and characteristics that can be developed and nurtured And you can help people. There is this art of understanding people of you know Being sensitive to people's needs and so on. It's something that that's part of you And then there is a science to it. That means you can develop the skills to organize to plan Learn how to use the tools to look at the finances to budget things To evaluate performance and analyze data. So that's a science to it And then like we said, there's a spiritual gifting that God annoying. So really in administration We are bringing art and science and God's gift to me bring it all together Right I mean God is giving us the anointing. He's giving us the empowering of the Holy Spirit. He's giving us ideas. He's giving us wisdom But then also the The innate abilities the things that seem to come naturally to you That's what we refer to as the artistic side of it. And then there is a science side of it That means you have developed certain skills. You've learned how to do certain things And you bring it all together to carry out administration Serve the ministry and so on. So it's nice to understand in this also coming together of art science and the spiritual gift now in In this whole aspect of administration You know Speaking about it in a very broad sense. There is The area of leadership that is area of management And there is the area of administration So in some Courses They would separate the two they would say this is a course of leadership This is a course of management. This is a course of administration operations Okay Now what is the difference when we look at the difference in these things and you talk about leadership You're talking about providing vision We have direction we're talking about strategy we're talking about how to influence people and How do you align the organization towards achieving those goals? When you're talking about management, we are breaking the whole big vision down into You know smaller units. How do you plan? How do you organize how do you motivate people? How do you organize departments and so And the administration part you're going down one more level of detail You're looking at schedules looking at how things are being executed You're looking at accountability teams and performance and You know costs and expenses and budgets and so on so it's it's It's at different levels leadership is at a much higher level looking at bigger things Management comes down to closer to the actual day-to-day things Administration is like get on the ground How do you get things done on the ground? What's actually happening? How do you resolve the problems on the ground? So In this course, we are not going to differentiate things like, you know, so Distinctly we're going to kind of just overlap these things and talk about In all of these things in a kind of a condensed Way that yeah You know you provide vision you organize manage and you also To the atmosphere kind of combine all of them You know going to you know distinct them Break them out distinctly so Going back to the main question in this chapter What do we want to do in good administration, especially in the context of the church So this little diagram here helps us understand what we're trying to do At the foundational level We should be developing people You know recognizing who the you know who are the people who can do these things Putting the right people in the right place Giving them the right opportunity The right support they need to basically it's building people Because without people you cannot have administration We want to establish systems The way things work We want to fine-tune Processes so that they can keep improving better Keep improving And then also we want to allocate resources properly, you know, how we spend time and money and invest energies So develop people establish systems fine-tune processes Make sure proper allocation of resources. So those are the overall high level objectives we're trying to achieve in the in in this whole administration of the local church And this will then result in Alignment to the vision That means whatever is happening in the church It should be aligned to the vision You know, if there are 25 ministries And I'm all 25 ministers going in some different direction people will be wondering like what is this that's trying to do That is the trying to go There should be an alignment towards The vision every ministry is kind of moving the church in the same direction To become what we are supposed to become To achieve what we want to achieve Right, so there's got to be alignment Of all the ministry there may be a lot of ministries happening But all ministries are moving in the same direction Amos chapter three verse three says can two walk together in agreement Two walk together unless they are in agreement, right? So if you look at it from the functioning of a ministry can two ministries, you know, really Work together and serve the purpose to get unless they are in agreement They have to be moving in the same direction Of course The ministries must be efficient We don't want You know, if something can be done a very simple way We don't want people to you know, if something can be done in two steps We don't want people to be doing it in 10 steps. That's inefficient So let's just bring it down to just two steps to get this done making it very efficient And there has to be it has to be productive. It has to be resulting in fruit You know in john 15 Even jesus says he's talking about being fruitful And he says, you know, you will bear much fruit And my father is glorified if you bear fruit. So Are we want to ensure alignment efficiency and productivity? So whatever is happening in the church They have to be moving the same direction. It has to be efficient It has to be productive So that's what we're trying to achieve And the net result of it will be that All the ministry activities will help us move towards the Goals and the overall vision of the church What god has called us to do We'll be able to achieve them So We have to develop people establish systems fine tune processes allocate resources so that There's alignment efficiency and productivity In so that all the ministry is going to achieve the goals and vision of What we are called to do as a church So That's the whole reason why are we having good? Why do we want good organization and administration? This is it You have to be accountable to god. You have to fulfill the vision That he has given us to fulfill as a church We have to make good use of the people the resources that he has given to us And where the fruit he wants us to bear For his glory. That's the overall objective of good administration So In in order to achieve that obviously There are different skills That we need Many people's skills Right So we need to be able to take care of people People are not machines They just can't work endlessly They have to be cared for they have to be nurtured. They have to be developed They have to be You know attended to if they having problems So We need people's skills We also need organizational skills. That means, you know, how can we put things together? How do we organize? Systems processes How do we continuously review and improve these things? So we need good organizational skills And we also need Technical skills Which is How do we allocate money time resources? How can we use tools methodologies? And how can we measure the outputs? How can we check if things are going well? And how can we improve outcomes? So there is human skill organizational skill and executions That are required So hopefully this course will Help us understand some of these things And help us to Okay, let me pause here any questions from anybody so far Everyone with me so far Okay All right So let's go to chapter three. Let me just introduce that and I know Yeah, let's go to chapter three So the first thing Is to form A legal entity So we call it in India, we call it a trust A church trust In in the in the united states, it'll be called as a Non-profit a 501c3 Non-profit organization that means that's typically what A religious church would be Registered as or a legal entity so in different parts of the world, you know, they may use different language for this but basically We the first step is to form A legal entity Right Now, why is that important? Because first of all Uh, we want and whatever we do we want to submit to government authorities We don't say, oh, I'm in church. I can do whatever I want. You know, we don't we don't kind of make up our own laws Our own rules that we follow the rules of the land so In india We have the provision for religious organizations to form to be recognized as a legal entity Typically, it's called a trust or a religious trust. That's the Kind of entity Beformed In other parts of the world, it may be called by different names, but basically you are You're forming a legal entity That is recognized as a religious organization or a religious trust now if somebody wants to Do You know, not just religious work, but social Yeah, you can you can form an entity that is recognized as a non-government organization In order to do social work It may not be necessarily a religious organization So however you want but in our context, we're talking about a christian church. We're talking about a christian ministry So generally it will come as a religious organization So we want to be submitted to the government Secondly, uh, we want to be blameless in how we conduct our ministry. So why are we forming a legal entity? So that everything can be done right, especially when it comes to handling money You know, so paul writes in second currently in chapter six verse three and four he says, you know That the way we conduct ourselves we conduct ourselves in a manner that is blameless Second current in six we give no offense in anything was three We give no offense in anything that our ministry may not be blamed But in all things we comment ourselves as ministers of God So he says in the ministry, we don't want to do anything That people can point fingers at us So even in the way we do the church Organize the ministry We want to be, you know, blameless. We don't want people to find fault with us Another reason is we want to be honorable in the way we handle Everything especially money So in second co-incidence eight and paul verse 21 Paul says, you know, especially in talking about money He says we want to do Honorable things not only the side of the lord, but also the site of mech That means In handling money, we want to be right in the eyes of God and in the eyes of mech Right, so we can't say here. I'm just right in the eyes of God Well, man is going to come and say hey show me your accounts Where is the money going? What are you doing with the money?  Are you doing things? Correct Right, so if we are not doing things correctly And you know, we get into trouble. We can't call it persecution You know And in India, we've seen in organizations that Both, you know, Christian organizations as well as other non-governmental organizations When they did not file their The reports with the government The government took action against them And then there's someone saying oh government is persecuting us. The government is not persecuting you You didn't do what you're supposed to do, right? You didn't file your Your reports with the government. So obviously comment is saying hey, what are you doing? You can't call it persecution It's just that we have to do things right in the sight of God and So we have to be accountable to Human authority in which in this case would be the government And of course we want to have a clear conscience when we need when we are doing things right Our conscience is clear. It gives us great boldness and authority To speak We know that we're not doing anything wrong, right? So Forming a legal entity is very important and So When and how should you do it? So when you're starting a ministry Whether a church or a christian ministry There's an incubation period. That means you're kind of just launching the work you Getting people together You're getting things started so As soon as possible form the legal entity So for example for abc We had our first service in the month of february We started launched it now at that time. We were not A legal entity just like an informal thing or we are calling ourselves all people said those who want to come come so 10 12 people started but We launched in february, but by april we formed the legal entity and it's like in the very beginning within a couple of months and So the few months we formed the legal entity so that from then on We are official We are we are legally allowed to rent a space Open a bank account You know, we can collect if we collect the money offerings from people you can collect it and put it into that bank account You can have everything proper So we started and as soon as we you know found some people who can join us Because you need typically you need at least three or four people to form an entity uh, so We found it, you know Four four of us were there. So we said okay with and we were all aligned. We were all at the same mind we Registered as a religious trust we form a legal entity so that everything can be done properly so While there will be a little period incubation period we kind of get things together Try to form a legal entity as soon as possible You know, as I said, if you recommend that you register a legal entity as soon as possible now Typically you'll go to an accountant channel accountant And they would refer to you refer you to a lawyer You know, we'll form the trust. I will give you a sample copy of our our articles Of ebc. I'll give it to you next week As an as a sample So basically you'll write down. Okay. This is what the objectives of This religious trust is And our approach was as we've advised by our Chartered accountant at that time keep it as broad and that's open You know, that means in the future may not be doing all these things now But in the future if you want to get into any of these areas You should be able to do it like if you want to start a bible college You want to start a school you want to You know do different things just keep it open so that in the future you can get into those kinds of activities, right? So we had a trust The articles that were written And we registered that so I will share that with you next week but Now I just want to emphasize, you know, the importance of forming a legal entity and We just get into this, right? So it gives you credibility The fact that you are a religious trust A registered entity It gives you credibility. You know when people are giving money They would prefer to give it in the name of the organization If you say, ah, give me money. Give me all the money in my name People have got a question. Hey, how can I give money in his name, right? But when you say give it in the name of the church You write your check in the name of all people's church or in the name of Such and such ministry, then they know, okay, this money is going to go into that organization And from there it will be used Secondly, a reason you want to form a legal entity is to have separate status. You'll have bank account in the name of the organization You can enter into legal contracts like rental agreements and all of that In the name of that organization does not be in your name So Everything is happening in the name of the organization Not not in your personal name It of course provides protection That means it's keeping, you know, your personal things separate from the Organization, right? So in a way it protects the individual. It protects the directors The office bearers their personal things are protected If something goes wrong with the organization, it's not their personal things that are going to be affected It's the organization that something went wrong here. So it's a very important thing to keep the separate the liabilities are Thirdly, you can also enlist professional services So when you want a conference when you're other people to work They're working for the organization They're not working for you personally So they can handle things separately And then there's also other benefits You get tax exempt status So as a religious organization If you apply for tax exempt You know for any preferences in India, we don't have to pay taxes If we are registered as a religious trust, so they have a special provision. It's called 12 a So if you register as a 12 a organization, then you don't pay tax on the income. You do pay tax on All the services that you For example, we pay tax We collect the income tax of the individuals and we keep that to the government So that is there but on the income To on the on the contributions to your organization The government exempts you from paying tax on it And so there are other benefits And in some cases you may even have access to public and private grounds Are they say, okay, nonprofits can apply for this So if you're a nonprofit you're registered then you can apply for it and your organization can get Benefits so there are a lot of benefits here of forming a legal entity And so I would encourage, you know, as soon as you're ready to start your ministry And start your local church to form this legal entity And typically the entity can operate anywhere in the country. So although we are registered in Bangalore, india We can operate anywhere in india. So we open up churches or do ministry or do work All across the country you're given you have legal rights to operate anywhere within the country Because you are a registered religious organization And there are different kinds of organizations religious non-governmental education In our context we're talking mainly about the local church and so on Okay, so Yeah, when when do you form it, you know, as as soon as you can Once you really got your work started You know, and you understand What are the best options for what you're going to do? You have a code team because you need typically you need at least three people Uh to form so you need three of more people You have enough money for the initial expenses of course to incorporate or to register you you have to pay money to the There are fees involved whether the charter come to the lawyer and to register the entity you have to pay those So you have enough money to pay that that's not much but You should have that money You can get the help of a lawyer or a tax expert an accounting firm and you review and finalize the articles of incorporation or what is one is a trustee then you can form the legal entity All right So, um I will stop here what I will do is I will next week I will share with you the articles of incorporation or the trustee Of of a church all people search just as a sample and not saying you should copy it It's only an example and you can keep it as a reference and then When you want to form your entity for your charge to your ministry you can take some ideas from there Of course, you can get the help of somebody local to You know to to make it better to pick it relevant to the kind of ministry You wanted to So I'll say that with you we can go over it and then I will we'll pick up from here In how do you select those initial? Poor people were going to be the office bearers. They're going to be the members of the trustees the office bearers in the In in your church to minister. How do you select them and just give some practical examples of You know What not to do and what to do we will pick up from there again next week um I hope uh, you're all with me. I hope you're not finding this boring Okay But all these things are practical things that you have to do When you want to start a church or a ministry These are the practical. These are all the hard side to it You have to work through all these things. We can't avoid it If you want to be You know doing ministry in a good way without getting into trouble with the government, right? All right um Let's see now. There's a question from roslyn Why some pastors don't deposit the entire offerings in the ministry account? So roslyn that's a good question and actually The correct way to do it is all the money That That you get as that, you know a church gets as dyes and offerings Should go into the bank account Of the local church Right That's the right way And from there everybody gets you know all the staff the pastor and everybody else get a salary That's the way the organization should function So and that's the way we've been functioning from the very beginning right, that means all the money That people give in the offering Goes straight hundred percent into the church account and it's recordings right and of course these days people Do online transfer so it goes straight into the bank account Of course on Sundays, there is a cash offering And I will explain later when we come to the financial section how all of that should happen Whatever we collect as cash offering on sunday morning We have a group of people who will count it. So I'm not involved in that You know, maybe I like I said in the very first Yeah, I had to sit and count But uh, I don't do that. I've stopped doing it for you know a long time There is a group of people who will sit they will count And they will write everything in a In a in a book and that's full amount hundred percent goes into the church bank account right then So all the contribution whatever people give online everything goes straight into the bank account Then at the end of the month everybody, you know, all the people who are staff in the church they get everybody gets a salary Based on their role and based on the work they are doing and the skills they have They get a fixed salary So it functions like an organization. That's the right way to do it So if you say, you know, if we see some pastors or some people saying Give me the cash or you know, give it to my personal and that's not a that's not a right thing to do In fact You know, they're technically supposed to pay income tax on what comes into The bank account, you know, and there are a lot of complications and it's not right to do Now I hope I answered a question Okay, so we'll get into those details on how to manage the church funds correctly Okay All right, so let's pause here for today. So next week what I'm going to do is I'm going to share with you ABC's trustee just they won't read the whole thing because there's many pages But I'll just quickly take you through like see this is what you should put into a trustee very important because whatever you write in the articles of incorporation is going to Almost like be a rule. It can be modified later, but that's a you have to go through a process So it's best that you get it right in the beginning Whatever you put in the trustee and the articles of incorporation it's going to regulate the activities of the ministry So it's very important that you check it very carefully and Before you register that document with the government Because the government can hold you accountable to that You know, basically you're saying this is what we're going to do This is what you know, we call it all people's church. We can call it whatever name and you register with the government You're saying this is what this organization is going to do the government will hold you accountable for that Right, so we'll go through it next week and then I'll take this Could somebody please pray and then they You Know we thank you that you're a god who accuses your god of order design Thank god you have called this You have chosen and then you're a god who uses with wisdom Jesus Right now as we are listening to the classes or how to administer a church a ministry or anything that we do But we give ourselves into your health choices. We give our life. We give our minds Fill us with your plans fill us with your vision fill us with your goals and Give us the wisdom with those who lack wisdom You can ask you The Amen thank you everyone. Um, so all again next week God bless you Have a good week. Thanks


Hi, I'm Zor. Welcome to Unizor Education. I would like to introduce you to conditional trigonometric identities. They are conditional because they're not always true. Sometimes they are, sometimes they're not, and the condition basically specifies when they are true. Well, obviously there are some unconditional trigonometric identities. For instance, sine of 2 phi equals to 2 sine of phi cosine phi. Or cosine of alpha plus beta is equal to cosine alpha cosine beta minus sine alpha sine beta. So as you see, I do remember some trigonometric identities by heart, although I claim that they don't. But these are unconditional, no matter what angles are, these are true. Now, what is a conditional? Well, here is an example. Let's consider that you have three angles, alpha, beta, and gamma, such that they are angles of some triangle. So they are in triangle ABC. I'm not saying anything about what kind of triangle it is. It's just a triangle, and these are three angles of this triangle. Then the following is true.  That's what I have to prove. Well, obviously this is a condition, which means that's what's given, and this is something which we have to prove. That's a theory. All right, so what can we say if three angles are angles of a triangle? Well, the most obvious thing is that their sum is equal to 180 degrees, or pi radians, right? That's the property of the triangle. And obviously we'll use this particular condition, which is given to us, and I will try to use, using this condition, I will try to prove this formula. Now, how can I do it? Well, the simplest and brute force method. Well, I shouldn't say simplest. It's the one which basically doesn't require any logical thinking. You express gamma in terms of alpha plus beta substitute here and do some transformation until you will get some kind of unconditional identity. If you do, that's the proof. Well, considering all your transformations are supposed to be obviously equivalent. All right, so let's do it. Now, from this, I will say that gamma is equal to pi minus alpha plus beta. Two gamma, I have two gammas here. It's two pi minus two alpha plus beta, and I will use this. Now, I will also use the property of the sign. You remember if you have a unit circle where the sign is an ordinate of a point, which represents an angle, so if pi minus the same angle, you will have the point which has exactly the same ordinate as this one. So a sign of pi minus some angle would be the same as a sign of the angle itself. So that's why when I will use sine of gamma, instead of sine of pi minus alpha plus beta, I can use sine of alpha plus beta. That's exactly the same thing. Now, as far as the two gamma is concerned here, now, when sine is concerned, two pi actually is a period of sine, right? So I can safely just disregard it, whether there is a two pi or there is no two pi. Now, this minus, sine is an odd function, right? So basically, I can bring it outside sine of minus two alpha plus beta. I can say this is a minus sine of two alpha plus beta. So that's what I will use. All right, let's go to the left part. And I will obviously express double angles in terms of single angles.  Sine of two gamma is sine of this, which is sine of minus two. So I can put minus here.  That's the left part equals. So I'll probably have to open this one up and see what happens. Minus two times. All right, opening up this. Sine alpha cosine beta plus cosine alpha sine beta. Opening up this, cosine alpha cosine beta minus sine alpha sine beta equals. Now we have to multiply them. Two sine alpha cosine alpha, two sine beta cosine beta minus.  So it's two sine alpha cosine alpha cosine square beta plus or rather minus because the minus is here. This times this, so it's again minus two cosine square alpha. Sine cosine beta. Now we will multiply by this member. Now this minus and this minus, everything will be with a plus.  Cosine beta sine beta.  Okay, now let's simplify it. This member sine cosine alpha. This member sine cosine alpha. And this member sine cosine alpha. Let's group them together and factor out two sine alpha cosine alpha. What do we have left? From this we have one. From this we have minus cosine square beta. And from this we have plus sine square beta. Right? Three other members, this and this, I will factor out sine beta cosine beta. So again plus two sine beta cosine beta. From this member I have one. Okay? From this member I have minus cosine square alpha. And from this member I have plus sine square alpha equals. Now look at this. One minus cosine square is a sine square, right? So this is a sine square and another sine square. So I have two sine squares. So two again goes with these two. So I have four sine alpha cosine alpha sine square beta. Very similar, one minus cosine square is a sine square.  Two goes with these two and I have four sine beta cosine beta sine square alpha equals. Now what else can I factor out? Four sine alpha. I can factor out and sine beta sine alpha. And sine beta. Sine alpha and sine beta. I have sine, I have cosine alpha and sine beta. And from this I have sine alpha sine beta sine beta. I have sine alpha cosine beta. And by the way, obviously you recognize the formula for sine of alpha plus beta. It's sine alpha cosine beta plus cosine alpha cosine beta. The sine beta. So it's equal to four sine alpha sine beta and sine alpha plus beta. Now let's go to the right side of the formula. Now obviously gamma is pi minus alpha plus beta. So sine of alpha, we were already talking about this, is equal to sine of alpha plus beta. So on the right side I have sine alpha, four sine alpha sine beta and sine of alpha plus beta, which is exactly the same as this one. And the proof. Okay. And I have another example. I have two examples. If you see, this is not difficult from the logical standpoint, but it is kind of tedious and requires a certain level of accuracy from purely technical standpoint. Well, in trigonometry problems, actually the situation is pretty typical. Some things related to technicalities rather than like creative flight of your mind, something like this. But anyway, it's all useful things to do anyway. So plus it will help you to remember certain formulas. Helps. All right. Condition. Alpha equals beta plus gamma. That's a condition. That's given. Now what we have to prove is sine square alpha plus sine square beta plus sine square gamma equals two, one minus cosine alpha cosine beta cosine gamma. Well, and the only thing I can suggest is to do exactly the same thing. Use this substitute to this and this open parentheses, of course, and see if you will get the same result. So let's start from the left side. So alpha is equal to beta plus gamma, which means sine of alpha is sine beta cosine gamma plus cosine beta sine gamma square, right? Plus sine square beta plus sine square gamma equals. We have to open this. So it's something plus something square. So it's square of the first one, which is sine square beta cosine square gamma. Plus double product to sine beta cosine beta sine gamma cosine gamma. That's what it is. Sine cosine sine cosine. Okay. And square of this guy. Cosine square beta and sine square gamma plus these two equals. All right. What can we do about this? Well, again, we have to group something. Sine square beta and sine square beta sine cosine gamma would be sine square. All right. Let's group. First, let's group this and this. It would be sine square beta times one plus cosine square gamma. That's one. Then, obviously, we can do this and this sine square gamma times one plus cosine square beta and plus two sine beta cosine beta sine gamma cosine gamma. Well, we might actually stop here and start simplifying that thing if I will not find anything better than that. Let me just think about it. Well, let's just stop here and see what happens if I will substitute my alpha here.  So it's 2. Oh, I'm sorry. It's not alpha beta. It's beta gamma. I don't have any alphas anymore. Beta gamma beta gamma. So cosine cosine cosine and cosine. So it's cosine square beta cosine square gamma. This is with the minus sign and this is with the plus sign because this minus and this minus. So I will have 2 sine beta cosine beta sine gamma cosine gamma. So what do we have? This looks like this. So all I have to do is to simplify this into this. Okay, let's think about what can be done about it. Probably the best would be to replace cosine square with a sine square here and there because then I will have only sines. So the cosine square is, well, or actually probably sine with a cosine. That would be better. So I will replace this with 1 minus cosine square beta and this I will replace with 1 minus cosine square gamma. So what do I have? 1 minus cosine square beta and 1 plus cosine square beta. That would be gamma. That would be 1 times 1. That's 1 minus cosine square beta minus cosine plus, sorry, cosine square gamma and minus cosine square beta cosine square gamma. That's what I have from this. Now from this I will have again 1 times 1 minus cosine square gamma plus cosine square beta and minus product cosine square beta cosine square. So now let's compare this and this. This is 2. This is 1 plus 1. That's the same. Cosine square beta here plus and minus nullify each other. Cosine square gamma nullify each other. And all I have left is 2 products which is exactly this. Well, that basically proves the identity. Okay, so these are two examples. As I was saying, they're a little tedious. They do require certain accuracy. Well, which is, you know, I consider it's a good exercise anyway. So thanks very much for listening to me and be prepared to go through the whole course of trigonometry filled with certain level of tedious kind of problems. I think it has its own purpose and the purpose is to develop certain level of fluency in manipulating these formulas. So thanks very much again. Good luck.