It was nearly three months ago when Saint Lucia officially made the proclamation of CPEA for our grade six students at its official launching ceremony. Now, we face another historical event along this journey. Over 2,000 students went through a series of assessments which culminated with two days of exams rather than the traditional one day. And we get the opportunity today to reward all of those students' efforts, including their families. This is Saint Lucia's official release of the 2022 CPEA results live from Saint Mary's College. Deputy Prime Minister, Minister for Tourism, Investment, Creative Industries, Culture and Information, the Honourable Dr Ernest Heale, Minister of Education, Innovation, Science, Technology and Vocational Training, the Honourable Sean Edward, Parliamentary Secretary in the Ministry of Education, Innovation, Science, Technology and Vocational Training, Dr Pauline Antoine Prospect, Chief Education Officer, Dr Fiona Philip Meyer, Permanent Secretary, Sorry, the Ministry of Education, Innovation, Science, Technology and Vocational Training, my apologies, Miss Michelle Charles, Deputy Chief Education Officer for Instruction, Mr Dawson Raghunanan. We have also with us Deacon Pastor Fabrié, which shall do the invocation, Education Officers for the various districts, Education Officer for Special Education, Mr Dale Sengiz, the Registrar of Examinations, Miss Camilita Matthew, Officers attached to the Curriculum and Materials Development Unit, Camdou, Chief Planning Officer, Dr Louis, Principals, Vice Principals, Other Administrators, Teachers, Staff of the Education and Evaluation Unit, We bid you a pleasant good morning. I invite you now to please stand as we shall call upon Deacon Peter Fabrié to lead us with a word of prayers. Also remain standing so we shall sing our national anthem. In the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Spirit, peace be with you. If Yahweh does not build a house, in vain do its builders toil. If Yahweh does not guard the city, in vain does its guard keep watch. In vain you get up earlier and put off doing, going to bed, sweating to make a living, since it is Yahweh who provides for his beloved as they sleep. Let us pray, Almighty God and Father, we honor you, praise and glorify your name. We thank you for the gift of life and the freedom you gave us to make our own choices.  That they may continue to persevere in life's constant struggles. Let the Holy Spirit go with them, before and behind them. That they may remain steadfast in the love of Christ. This we ask in the name of your Son Jesus Christ. Amen. There so ever you may, all these hell and the days, when strife and discord dimmed the children's toil, as I've lost the pride, the dignity. May all people live united, strong in soul and strong in heart. Justice, truth and charity. Thank you very much, ladies and gentlemen. You can now have your seats. I wish to further acknowledge the Deputy Prime Minister who is in the capacity today as Acting Prime Minister for St. Lucia. My apologies sir. Okay, so this is the day. We know like any other day the Lord has made, but this day we shall definitely rejoice. Amen. Alright, so I know you have eagerly anticipated the days ending, the days proceeding even before it has started because of what awaits you. However, I would like to now call on our Honorable Minister of Education with the responsibility for science, technology and vocational trading to the podium as he shall deliver a few brief remarks. Please put your hands together as we welcome our Honorable Minister. Thank you very much, Madam Moderator. I will use a truncated protocol list. Firstly, I want to acknowledge the presence of the Acting Prime Minister and Minister responsible for tourism, investment, culture, creative industries and information and parliamentary representative for the constituency of Cass Street South, Dr. the Honorable Ernest Hiller, Parliamentary Secretary in the Ministry of Education, Dr. Pauline Antoine Prosper, Permanent Secretary, Miss Michelle Charles, Chief Education Officer, Dr. Fiona Meyer-Philip, Registrar of Exams, Miss Matthew, principals, teachers, students, invited guests, media practitioners, ladies and gentlemen, good morning. Good morning. It is a good morning and from the information that I have, the morning will be, the atmosphere in here will be enhanced and when you are greeted good morning between now and midday, I think your responses will be a little more enthusiastic. We are gathered here for the long-awaited release of our first CPEA or Caribbean Primary Exit Assessment results. While we may be later than the rest of the region, this delay was necessary to allow for the required vetting to be undertaken and the identified anomalies rectified. The introduction of the CPEA ushered in a new testing paradigm which moved away from the traditional one-shot test to a process-oriented approach. This structure has encapsulated learning, progress of students from a position of being novice to the point of mastery of mathematical, language, civic and scientific literacies. This is a deliberate move away from simple testing subjects to specifically assessing significant literacies which are necessary for matriculation into secondary education. Today is a great day for the education system as we have been able to continuously monitor the competencies of our students. Through continuous formative assessment, schools have been able to reduce learning gaps and ensure the mastery of relevant literacies and skills. The inclusion of standards within the curriculum provides a measure of the extent to which students are achieving the goals of the set curriculum. The introduction of both an internal and external component to this assessment necessitates collaboration among teachers, parents, students and also the Caribbean Examinations Council. Moreover, there continues to be an emphasis on our special education students. This assessment has the potential to measure their skills and aptitude to promote a culture of inclusion. This CPEA is authentic and mirrors our own real-life experiences. The expectation is that students will transition from primary to secondary schools, being more motivated and confident as they strive to become self-regulated learners. Many were skeptical about St. Lucia moving in this direction. Principals, teachers and students voiced their concerns which the Ministry of Education respected and will always continue to respect knowing that the concerns expressed by our stakeholders were done with one intention in mind and that is to make the learning environment and experience the best it can possibly be for our students. Today's results prove that our students' performances align with that of students across the region and in no way deviated significantly from the expected outcomes locally. Of course, there are processes that need to be strengthened and communication among stakeholders must be enhanced moving forward. However, I am of the view, the firm view that embracing the CPEA was the best assessment approach for our grade six students. Today I feel a sense of vindication with the team at the Ministry of Education in this regard. The CPEA presents an opportunity too for our teachers to become more creative and innovative in their instruction. When this happens, our students stand to even better. Our students' stories stand a better chance of attaining success. At the Ministry of Education, the intent is to promote greater action research focusing on each learner ensuring that their unique needs and abilities are nurtured to maximize both their academic and social learning. I am extremely proud of our students and their performances in this, our first CPEA sitting. Congratulations to all. Congratulations to the teachers who brought out the best in our students and you will understand more than most in this country how difficult an academic year it was leading up to the CPEA. I never doubted the ability and the perseverance and the commitment of our teachers and that is why at the highest levels of educational policymaking we were insisting that we would go ahead and today as I said we feel a sense of vindication having critically examined the results presented to you shortly. Our scores ranged from 97.2 to 22.5 with the top ten students hailing from a total of seven different schools. I am particularly encouraged by the performances of our boys. The top five students in this year's exam were all boys. As a country, we registered a mean or should I say the national mean is 70.56%. And I said to the registrar when the results would be presented to me that I will highlight the students who came to perform the best in the various districts. For those of you who follow me on social media and elsewhere you'll have noticed that I've made the point repeatedly. CPEA and other forms of assessment in the primary school system they're not meant to be competition. And so today we will not be pitting one school against each other but what we will do is that we will give due recognition to the students who performed outstandingly. The exam more than anything else is supposed to tell us where we are at with our students. It is supposed to give us a better insight in terms of how we fashion our instruction the different modalities that we embrace and that is what is critical for us at the Ministry of Education. So just to give you an insight into what the performances were like in the eighth education districts starting with district eight sorry the student registering the highest score in district eight is Zephrina Joseph of the Souffre Primary School. She recorded a score of 93.6. District seven, Emilia Emmanuel from Labry Girls Primary 91.4. And I should add that both Zephrina and Emilia have been assigned to the St. Joseph's Convent. District six, Jonathan Yang of Osier Combined School. He registered a score of 96.8 and he will be attending the Viewport Comprehensive Secondary School. In district five two students registered 93.6. They both hail from the Olio Combined School. Lorian Elizabeth Fran Thomas 93.6 She has been assigned to the St. Joseph's Convent and Jaheim Thieris of the Olio Combined School 93.6 St. Mary's College. District four, Cajun Rogers Cicero Combined 93.6 assigned to the St. Joseph's Convent. District three, we have two students Cameron Augustine of the St. Aloysius R.C. School 94.2 assigned to St. Mary's College and naturally the other student by virtue of him being at the St. Aloysius R.C. Boy School with 94.2 has also been assigned to the St. Mary's College and his name is Eugen Lu. District two, Matthew Hassani George Camille Henry Memorial 96. St. Mary's College and the child who registered the most impressive performance from District one is Zaby Fontinelle of the Impolec Music who incidentally registered the most impressive performance nationally with a score of 97.2 assigned to the St. Mary's College to give you an insight to give you an insight of the top the 12 most impressive scores registered in the exam who will start in position 12 my apologies he is yes, Eugen Lu is from the Tapio Private School claim your students sorry, rightfully so and as I indicated he registered a score of 94.2 and he has been assigned to the St. Mary's College my apologies okay, as I said just to give you an insight into the top performance nationally Jason Jeremy the Impolec Music 94.6 signed to St. Joseph's Convent Kashmi Maxwell Perot combined 94.6 before Comprehensive Secondary Kyreda Lionel Kamen Reni Memorial 94.6 St. Joseph's Convent Hazan Reynolds Eucharist Louis SDA 94.8 Leon S. Comprehensive Secondary Colleen Anthony Marfrey the Impolec Music 95.00 St. Mary's College Malia Antoine the Impolec Music 95.2 St. Joseph's Convent Leila Samuel Bonter Preparatory 95.4 St. Joseph's Convent Ethan Bernard OJ combined 95.6 before Comprehensive Jason Taylor OJ combined 95.6 before Comprehensive Secondary School Matthew George Kamen Henry Memorial 96.00 St. Mary's College Jonathan Yang OJ combined 96.8 before Comprehensive and the student who registered the most impressive performance in the inaugural CPE exam is Zavi Fontinello of the Impolec Music with a score of 97.2 and he has been assigned to the St. Mary's College As Minister I'm particularly pleased with the results this year Having said that we have a lot to work on starting in September when the new academic year begins A lot of concerns were expressed and voiced by teachers and other stakeholders Let me give you the assurance that the ministry is doing everything necessary to ensure that we incorporate your feedback as we plan for next year I want to commend all the teachers who have worked with the students the teachers who went beyond the call of duty particularly in a COVID-induced environment and sometimes we sell ourselves short as educators and I just want to thank principals, district education officers, the technical staff and the Ministry of Education for the support that they have given to me and the policy makers as we continue to fashion our way ahead for education in this country I want to say to the parents who are joining online please do not exit unnecessary pressure on the children they are only transitioning from primary education to secondary it is too early to write a child off it is too early to take the children to task because of the schools that they have been assigned to we have quality teachers in all of our secondary schools and as I was saying to how I said to a group of graduating students yesterday it does not really matter which secondary school you go to once you apply yourself and you come in with the requisite determination and commitment you can achieve everything that is there to be achieved in the secondary school system of our country once again congratulations to our teachers our principals education officers students and teachers and I hope that after the ceremony has been brought to an end we can all celebrate the accomplishments and the successes of our children particularly given the fact that what they did was in an environment that was extremely difficult and challenging for all of us thank you very much and enjoy the rest of the day that was really intense and now you've been able to relax and uplift those emotions so I feel really this morning and I know that you do too at hearing upon hearing the results and we have not even heard it all yet this morning Mr. Minister but from what we've been told and even including that our boys are within the five top spots they deserve a round of applause all our students do in my introduction I have said it that would rip the rewards and definitely the Caribbean primary exit assessment has done so first at this time I would like to invite you all in this joy and exuberance to witness our mascot so CPA has a mascot and I'd like to reintroduce our CPA mascot to you please put your hands together for our CPA mascot okay thank you very much thank you thank you so much our CPA mascot and of course it's joy shared joy this morning I tell you alright now we have had someone captaining the ship for a very long time and that is the CPA vessel so allow me now to welcome to the podium our registrar of examinations Ms. Camilita Matthew as she shall provide some analysis of the CPA examinations put your hands together for our registrar please permit me to adopt a protocol that has already been established good morning everyone okay I would like to endorse everything that the minister has indicated this morning concerning our CPA and right now I'm going to dissect the information and present to you the performance on a national level on how students did at this CPA examination education is the most powerful weapon we can use to change the world and this is a quote from Nelson Mandela so this is what we have to use to inspire our students to move on and to change what is happening in our society the number of candidates who wrote the CPA examination the scores we had 2032 candidates we had some students who fell ill on the day of the examination for the exam and these candidates were given a supplemental examination and we have placed these students at our secondary school so assignments have been made for them 66 primary schools participated in this examination 62 public schools and we also had four private but candidates who wrote the exam coming from private institutions or what we would call homeschooling the internal component consisted of and these were the areas that students had to do at the schools and to present two teachers for grading so that they can get their scores and this would go towards the composite score we had the project pupil test teacher made test book report writing portfolio and the practice in candle skills so all of these were components of the internal component that students were supposed to engage in during the year at the primary school the allocation of marks for the external component 300 points were awarded to towards the external component the internal component 200 points were awarded towards the components that we just saw a while ago and the total number of points was 500 were these marks for our internal components allocated so CXC decided that they would look at the literacies, the four literacies language, mathematics, science and social studies and these are the areas that our internal components were based on they looked at the book report and they assigned all of the scores to the book report to the language literacy the writing portfolio 10 marks again to language the candle skills remember students had to demonstrate skills in language mathematics, science and social studies as a result 10 marks were allocated to each of these literacies teacher test 25 marks for each of the literacies pupil test 5 marks for each the project 5 marks for each so we see in language it carried more weight with 65 points mathematics with 45 science with 45 and also social studies with 45 points for the external components they were all multiple choice items 50 multiple choice items and students did that over to the examination period all four literacies they were even 75 points for each literacy the allocation of marks when we add all of them together the internal and the external components language carried 140 points mathematics 120, science 120 social studies 120 so this is where we end up with the 500 points for our internal plus the external component the range of composite scores range from 22.6% to 97.2% our mean performance by gender we look at this through the four literacies and we can see that in language the females are dominating with a percentage of 78.61% in all four of the literacies the females are dominating again but English language language has the highest percentage mathematics has the lowest but we can see that in our past results for the common entrance examination the CPA has presented us with a better result or in mathematics for both the boys and the girls for the male it's 63.57 and the female 66.56 overall gender performance mean performance for males 68.44% and females 72.48% so we still have a little bit of work to do with the males to bring them up to the performance level of the girls and beyond but we can see that there is improvement so far let us look at the performance from 2019 to 2022 remember in 2022 we didn't have that general paper that we normally have for our common entrance examination and as a result of that we do not have a general paper bar for 2022 so for English language we see the higher performance there in 2022 also for mathematics the higher performance again in 2022 general paper we did not have a general paper and for social studies and the general science we can see a very high percentage here for these two areas let us look at them closer to the 2022 performance per subject English language with 76.09% mathematics 5.96% science 70.16% and social studies 70.87% so we can see that clearly that English language is the subject with the highest percentage performance by components the internal and the external components we can see here that the external component performance is lower in all subject areas or the literacies than the internal component the internal component the performance was very high and the external component the performance was a little lower drastically lower let us look at our main performance throughout the years 2019 to 2022 we can see max improvement in 2022 we had a mean of 61.77 in 2021 and a leap to 70.56 in 2022 so from 2021 to 2022 we had a leap in performance and we must attribute that to our internal component where students will be given the opportunity to present work and to be guided on how, where to improve where they would return improve and by that they would obtain a better grade and this is the result of our performance for the 2022 examination the number of students obtaining 40% English language mathematics in 2021 we could see that English language at 275 but when we look at 2022 we can see only four students obtaining less than 40 in English language and that is very commendable so that means that we have been working with our students aiming at improvement in their language mathematics as well okay we had a slight technical difficulty there we'll get back on track, thank you Mr. Funo for again one more, good, thanks for mathematics we had 286 students obtaining less than 40 but for this year's examination we only have 45 candidates and that is very commendable so things are happening in our primary schools, good things positive things with our students in science only 8 students and in social studies only 17 students so I think we deserve to give our teachers a big round of applause for the hard work and dedication to bring our students to that level next slide please okay let us do what our district means our district performances says a lot very jubilant by saying this I can see the excitement and principles I think that shows your hard work education officers that shows your hard work in your districts with your teachers and principals okay we have here a visual of our top performers which the minister has already identified but we have a visual very good principals education officers as well okay we are moving on to our well I must say that in the first place Zavi Nail Fontenelle with a score of 97.2 from Dan Pullett Louisie Private School I will not go down the entire list because it has already been presented by the minister so we now move on to our important information the Ministry of Education is not able to facilitate requests for reviews of the CPA as we know the external component it was only multiple choice and the internal component it was the various projects and so on that the students did in the classroom principals you can share with your parents the work of your students on the internal component but there is no material for a review at the ministry so as a result we will not be able to conduct any reviews reassignment will not be accommodated and all students were assigned to a secondary school by performance and choice and in some instances by the Ministry of Education where space was available after all their choices were exhausted so as a result of that we will not be entertaining requests for reassignment okay just a few more announcements a supplemental examination we were able to conduct between the time that we had our CPA examination and the release of results we administered the examination in some instances students took ill during the exam and the areas that they were not able to complete we gave them these papers as a supplemental to add to what CXC they were able to complete in some instances students were not able to come to the examination room at all and as a result of that we were able to assign the students and present a result slip as well so in your package principles you will see when you had students who wrote the supplemental exam you will see a result slip but I must indicate that one of the students who wrote the supplemental exam obtained a score of 95.8% and that is David Charles of the Bellevue Combined School and he will be assigned to the Viewport Comprehensive Secondary School CXC promised us booklets for each candidate and that booklet contains a breakdown of their performance in all the areas we have not received this package from CXC but as soon as we have received it we will distribute to your education offices so that principles you can collect maybe when and that will be possible when school closes okay you will be receiving your packages with your assignment students assignment slip that's what it's called not a result slip but an assignment slip it only contains information and the internal components score the external components score and the composite score and the assignment so the breakdown of their performance will be seen on the booklets on the result booklets okay in your package you also have the dates form the registration for secondary schools and just one correction for castries comprehensive secondary the registration date will be the Friday the 15th of July okay that was one change there to make I'd like to thank all our stakeholders who participated in the CPA examination ensuring that it came to tuition and to ensure that students went in with max that would allow them to obtain the grades that we saw so I'd like to commend first of all the principals for your hard work on dedication the teachers as well the students and the parents who were the bedrock and also not forgetting our country team made up of our assessment officers our education officers our curriculum officers and also special education units also our IT team a very dedicated group of young men they made it possible for us to be able to present and dissect our results and also to present you with the results I'd also like to thank our PS education officer parliamentary secretary Dr. Pauline Prosper and the minister of education for remaining with us steadfast they never gave up when I said yes we can move on yes we can move on they supported they did not for one instance say let us stop the CPA because of the information that we were getting from individuals out there so I'm happy today that we stayed steadfast and that we will focus we are hoping that next year we will be more able to deliver the internal component in the schools knowing what we faced the last year that is for the 2022 will be more prepared to provide assistance to the teachers to your schools and therefore obtain even better results for 2023 okay the chief was just mentioning this the training for grade 5 and 6 teachers we were supposed to have this training next week but we realized that what school supervision is putting on our grade 6 and 5 teachers need that training so as a result we are giving up that space to them to ensure that the teachers participate get the skills required to come into the classroom to deliver so our training will take place before school opens if principals you are going to give us that week of preparation have the training very early in the two in the new year thank you very much everybody I hand it over now gentlemen I think we all deserve a resounding round of applause especially they have done incredibly well it was truly a unified front it truly was a united in terms of its energies in terms of its deliverables everyone came together everybody collaborated from our minister our parliamentary secretaries our principals, teachers our parents underground the students everyone came together and made this possible hence the jubilation right now in the room and even monitoring on the government's facebook page also it is coming live at the end and youtube we are also witnessing the jubilation from the viewers online so again hearty congratulations to all of you we have indeed triumphed the CPEA for this year and we are looking towards better and more incredible results coming next year for billing at this time I would like to thank our members on stage thank you so very much for being present thank you for your hard work thank you to all of you thank you for being with us thank you so much as of this time I know you are excited and you cannot wait so this is the much much anticipated time you are to be receiving your individual school packages principals or vice principals or administrators in your packages you are to deliver you are to receive them towards the back of the room so our educational evaluation unit they are there to assist you in that regard thank you very much once more and a very very good morning to each and every one of you thank you


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فشرف بالشتغالي بالعلم ولا تبغي به ما عشت يا دا دا دا لا وياله من شراف عظيمي الحمد لله رب العالمين له الحمد الحسن والثناء الجميل وشد أن لا إله إلا الله وحده لا شريك له يقول لحق وهو يهد السبيل وشد أن سيدنا ونبينا محمد صلى الله عليه وعلى آله وأصحابه والتابعين لهم بإحسان إلى يوم الدين أما بعد هذا إن شاء الله تعالى is the second part بإذن الله الكريم and last session we spoke about what is an evidence that was the مقدمة and at the ending of the first part of the first session that we had I mentioned that the جمهور العلمة in the issue of حكم النكاح بدون الولي the جمهور the evidences is based upon four things one الكتاب the book of Allah سبحانه وتعالى and number two I said it was the sunnah of the messenger صلى الله عليه وسلم and the third I said it was the أثار الصحابة the statements of the صحابة and the fourth which is the أقوال العلمة the statements of the scholars those who were the متقدمين and the متأخرين the early generation and the early scholars and the late comers so insha'Allah today's part I am going to bring as I promised as I promised in the first part that I am going to bring a deal to the جمهور so I am going to give evidences from the Quran evidences from the sunnah evidences from the أثار الصحابة and also أقوال العلمة but I will be bringing all the آيات النقرآن for this issue because there are too much I am only going to mention some and then I am going to bring some a hadiths of the messenger صلى الله عليه وسلم and the third I will bring you some statements of the صالحة صحابة رسول الله عليه وسلم especially and then the fourth which insha'Allah I will do is I will bring some of the statements of the scholars insha'Allah I am going to start with the آيات from the Quran insha'Allah and this is the evidence of who the جمهور الله سبحانه و تعالى he says قد علمنا ما فرضنا عليهم في أزواجهم الله سبحانه و تعالى he says قد علمنا we know ما فرضنا عليهم that which we have made obligatory في أزواجهم في شأني أزواجهم in the affairs of their wives and their spouses so in this آيات الله سبحانه و تعالى is telling us that he has made obligatory on us matters pertaining to when it comes to marriage so the question is what are those things that Allah has made obligatory to us when it comes to marriage الإمام الإمام الإمام المفصرين he was called الإمام المفصرين he is an Imam whose تفسير is unanimously agreed upon and he is taken serious الإمام المفصرين is referred to as إمام المفصرين رحمه الله و تعالى الإمام المفصرين he said يقول الله سبحانه و تعالى he says in his verse ما تعلمنا ما فرضنا على المؤمنين في أزواجهم الله سبحانه و تعالى he is one who is knowledgeable who knows that which he has made obligatory upon the believers in the affairs of marriage إذا أرادون when they intend in getting marriage when they intend in getting married الله سبحانه و تعالى he knows that which he has made obligatory on the believing men when they want to get married the believing women when she is getting married إذا أرادون when the men want to get married to the women الله تعالى و تعالى has made obligatory on them مما لم نفرضه عليك that which we have not made obligatory unto you محمد so this thing that we have made obligatory is on the believers and it is not obligatory on the messenger عليه الصلاة والسلام و مما خصصناهم به من الحكم في ذلك دونك and that which we have specified unto you in terms of ruling but they are not for them as we know in the ayah and the Quran Allah says خالصة لك من دون المؤمنة there are things that are specific for him in marrying a woman the prophet did not need a wali he doesn't need it عليه الصلاة والسلام so this is مما لم نفرضه عليك that which we have not made obligatory unto you say in the prayer و هو أن فرضنا عليهم مسلمة إلا بوالي بوالي that which we have made obligatory on to them is that it is not permissible for them to get married to a woman حرة المسلمة a free woman إلا بوالي except with the guardian which guardian is it أصابة one who is from her lineage و شهود who are reliable who have integrity و لا يحل لهم منهم أكثر من أربع and it is also not obligatory not permissible for them more than for wives so من الجنة الطابري here he is explaining to us something that we need to understand from the ayah which is الله is saying الله says we know that which we have made obligatory for him he says when you want to get married what is it that Allah made obligatory on to you when you want to get married this obligation is specific to us not the prophet عليه السلام he specifies it he says مما لم نفرضه عليك and it is not that which has been placed obligatory on him what is it أنه لا يحل that it is not halal for you أني عقد نكاح على حرة مسلمة if you want to marry a Muslim woman when you have a marriage with her that it is not permissible إلا بولين except with a willy a guardian عصبتن who is from her lineage it is not a willy that you appoint or a willy she appoints it is a willy who is her عصب her father her uncle her granddad her brother those are the ones إن شاء الله تعالى ليتو we are going to list them in the order that they are in وشوهودين عدول unreliable witnesses ولا يحل لهم and it is also not permissible for any of us من هون أكثر من أربعين وليس لاتم عرفو if you look at إبنو جرين تفسير and you analyze the way إبنو جرين's man hedge is إبنو جرين never says anything unless he has somebody who said it before him he clearly states that in his تفسير of صورة اليوسف and he states it in صورة العلاف and I brought it when I was given the lecture of how should one do تفسير I brought the call of إبنو جرين رحمه الله sometimes he would suggest a meaning that the ayah can carry like in صورة اليوسف what he does he brings an interpretation that the ayah can carry and he says that in according to the Arabic language this is correct because I have no one who said this before me so the man hedge of إبنو جرين is that he will always bring somebody who preceded him in it so this understanding of إبنو جرين who did he attribute to after he said it he says from his own chain of narration to قتادة من دعامة السدوس that he says قد علمنا ما فرضنا عليهم في أزواجه قتادة says إلا من ما فرض الله وعليهم that which Allah has made obligatory on to them is that there is no nikah except with a wali and two reliable individuals two reliable witnesses so إلا من ما فرض الله وعليهم that which Allah has made obligatory on to them is that there is no nikah إلا بوليهم unless there is a wali وشاهديني and two reliable witnesses that's the first delil and also the تفسير of an imam who is considered the second evidence that the jumhoor brought is قوله تعالى وإذا طلقتم النساء فبلغنا أجلهن فلا تعضلوهن أن ينكحن أزواجهن إذا تراضه بينهم بالمعروف الله says in this ayah وإذا طلقتم النساء if you divorce the women and they reach their their عدة فلا تعضلوهن do not prevent them from إلا تمنعوهن أن ينكحن أزواجهن if they want to marry their husbands إلا تراضه بينهم بالمعروف if they have agreed with each other in good a man divorces his wife this is what the ayah is talking about a man divorces his wife فبلغنا أجلهن that wife reaches her عدة finishes and he could have taken her back that طلاق that he divorced is a طلاق رجعي he can take her back it's not but he can still take her back if her finishes what does this man need but he can take her back with the عدة's finish what does he need to marry him off that's what he needs from him he needs the willy to allow him to marry his ex wife Allah says فلا تعضلوهن do not prevent those women أن ينكحن أزواجهن if they want to get married to their ex husbands do not prevent them from it إلا تراضه بينهم بالمعروف if her and him come to common grounds they have reached and they agree with one another in good this ayah this ayah it came down on a noble companion معقل ابن يسار المزني رحمه الله معقل ابن يسار المزني رحمه الله رضي الله تعالى عنه he's a companion معقل ابن يسار رضي الله تعالى عنه he's the one who narrated this ابن جلير brings it he says كانت لي أقتل تختب إليه فأتاني ابن عملي some men came and asked for her hand in marriage and he said one of the men that came for her hand in marriage was who ابن عملي a cousin of mine he came and he asked her for her hand in marriage he said فأنكحتوها I married her off pay attention here he says فأنكحتوها I married her off الانزل أنه يheared of her divorce so they came to marry her they came for her hand when she, when they came for her hand in marriage أتاني هيقوسا was from those who came as well يخطبُها asking for her hand in marriage فقلت اني سأتوهيب لا و الله لا أُكِحُها أبدت باب الله will never marry her after you never ever لا و الله من الله سوف أردتها لك ثم الآية أردت يقول ففيا نزلت هذه الآية هذه الآية أردتها لك وإذا أطلقتوا من نساء إذا الناس أردت المساعدة ما حدث ما أقل إبن يسار أه؟ أخيه أردت المساعدة من المساعدة المساعدة كانت لديها مرحبا وعدتها يجب أن يجب أن أردت على شيئا أردت أن أردت أردت أنها أردت لها أخيه وقلت لها أردت أن أردت أردت أن أردت على شيئا معقل كانت مرحبا لأنك لديت ثلاثة تهور تأخذها now that you've had من يأتي لها لأردت المساعدة هل أنت تكون منهم؟ أبداً والله لا أُكِحها أبداً والله لا أردت المساعدة لك أبداً لا أردت وإذا الله تبارك وتعالى يقول له وإذا أطلقتوا من نساء فبلغنا أجلوهم فلا تعضلوهم إذا كان هناك أزواجهم إذا تلاضلوا بينهم بلغ عروف إذا كان هناك أجلوهم لا تكون هناك أحد يتوقفهم اهلاً اهلاً مرحباً أردت أن تأخذ المساعدة من هذه الثلاثة من جرير سوف تقوم بتأخذها ونردت بها رحمه الله يقول وفي هذه الآية دلالة واضحة على صحة قول من قال لا نكاحا إلا بولي من العصبتي ودانك أن الله تعالى ذكروا ملع الولية من عضل المرأة في أرادة النكاحة ونهاه عن ذلك أبنو جرير طابري يقول في هذه الثلاثة يوجد أفضل لتساعد المساعدة من المساعدة who said لا نكاحا إلا بولي من العصبتي unless there is a guardian from the girls will lineage her father her granddad her uncles her brothers this they have a strong argument in this verse قليقة this saying why ودانك أن الله تعالى ذكروا is because الله تعالى من عالولية الله prevented he stopped الولية the guardian من عضل المرأة in أرادة النكاحة الله تعالى prohibited the guardian from preventing the woman if she wants to get married ونهاه عن ذلك and he prohibited him from that look what him نجلي follow كان للمرأة إنكاح نفسها بغير إنكاح وليها إياها أو كان لها تولية من أرادة توليته في إنكاحها لم يكن لنه يوليها عن عضلها معنى المفهوم نجلي it is a power another is this he says if the woman can marry herself off without the permission of her guardian of her Wali or if she had so he is saying if the woman could get married or marry herself off without the permission of her guardian or she could give her willaya to a person to marry her off if she could do that which is known as تولية I am a tokeel we are going to speak about that إن شاء الله he says لم يكن لنه وليها عن عضلها معنى المفهوم and why is Allah speaking to the guardian and saying to him don't prevent her he said then this would have no understanding in it if the woman can go and marry herself off or she can give her willaya to whoever she wishes and whoever she wants then there would be no understanding in why Allah would be addressing the guardian and saying to him do not prevent her from getting married صحيح اتجن إذ كان لا سبيل له إلى عضلها there would be no way he could prevent her from it she is going to get married anyways but she is going to give her willaya to somebody else وذلك إن كانت متأرادة إن كاح جازلها إن كاح نفسها أو إن كاح من توقيله إن كاحها فلعضل هناك لها من أحد فينها عضلها عن عضلها وفي فساد نعم so he says there would be no reason why Allah then addressed you see in preventing her إن كان لا سبيل له إلى عضلها then there would be no way that the guardian sorry can prevent her whenever she wants if she can go and get herself married off if it was permissible for her then he said there would be no way that Allah will address the guardian you see and he goes and says وفي فساد القولي بأن لا معنى لها عنه صحة القولي بأن لولي المرأة في تزويجها حقا لا يصح عقده إلا به and he says إن this is also a corrupt وفي وفي وفي فساد القولي there's corruption in the statement of بأن لا معنى لنه إلاه إلاه there's a corruption in saying that there's no meaning in Allah's مرأة and she can get married off she can marry herself herself off pay attention or she can pass her willyat to a man and say you marry me off would entail that Allah سبحانه وتعالى has prohibition of the men فلا تعضلوهن has no مفهومي has no meaning to it and that is a corrupt point he's saying إبراه جالية that is a saying that Allah has no has no meaning behind it you guys understand this point the third evidence that they brought is قوله تعالى ولا تنكح المشركات حتى يؤمن ولا أمت مؤمنة الخير من مشركة ولو أعجبتكم ولا تنكح المشركين حتى يؤمن ولا عبد المؤمن الخير من مشرك ولو أعجبكم ولائك يدعون إلى النار والله يتذكرون الله سبحانه وتعالى he says ولا تنكح المشركات حتى يؤمن الله says to the men do not marry off ولا تنكح المشركات حتى يؤمن ولا تنكح المشركات the women who are مشركين حتى يؤمن until they believe in Allah ولا أمت مؤمنة خير من مشركة a believing woman is better than مشرك ولو أعجبتكم المشركات and also do not marry off the believing women to the مشركين men حتى يؤمن until they believe الله أكبر الله is addressing the guardians here ولا تنكح do not marry off the women to the disbelievers the مشركين حتى يؤمن until they believe in Allah ولا عبد مؤمن a believing man is better than a مشرك man ولو أعجبكم even if this مشرك man amazes you so here الله is speaking to the guardians to not go and marry their daughters or their sisters off to a مشرك man الله is speaking to them he is saying to them ولا تنكح المشركين حتى يؤمن do not marry them off to these disbelieving men so who is the men because they are the ones who are going to be they are the ones who are being addressed here they are the ones who are being addressed here in the verse so إمام الشافعي سترحمه الله محمد إدريس الشافعي unless you would find it in the مختصر of إمام يحبن السماعيل المزني the student of الإمام الشافعي إمام الشافعي he said about يحبن السماعيل المزني he said about him ناصر مدهبي he gave victory to my مدهب إمام الشافعي he said this الإمام المزني رحمه الله the reason is مختصر he says he breathes a statement of إمام الشافعي الإمام الشافعي he says فدل كتاب الله عز وجل وصنة نبيه صلى الله عليه وسلم على أن حقا على الأولياء أن يزوج الحرائر البوالغ إذا أردنا النكاح ودعون إلى رضا الإمام الشافعي رحمه الله he says this آية sorry though he says the book of الله سبحانه وتعالى has shown and the the messenger صلى الله عليه وسلم has also shown that أن حقا على الأولياء the rights upon the أولياء is to marry off the free women who have reached age of puberty that they marry them off الحرائر البوالغ these free women who have reached age of puberty that they marry them off إذا أردنا النكاح when they do want نكاح ودعون إلى رضا and they call to that which is good and he brings آية وإذا طالت عالا وإذا طلقت والنساء فبلغنا he says وهذه أبين آية في كتاب الله this verse is the clearest verse in the book of Allah دلالة على أن ليس للمرأة أن تتزوج بغير ولي this is the clearest verse in the book of Allah that shows that a woman cannot marry herself off without the permission of a willy and then إمام the story of معقل ابن يسار which the ayah came down on and then he mentions the hadith of آية which we're going to come to later after both of those hadiths he brings he says شافع says وفي دالك دلالات منها على أن للولي شركا في بضعها لا يتم النكاح إلا به ما لم يعضلها الإمام الشافع and also the آية وإذا طلقتم النساء فبلغ الأجل فلا تعضلوه أن ينكح الأزواجه إذا تراضي بينهم بالمعروف in those evidences I mentioned there are clear cut proofs على منها أن للولي شركا في بضعها that the goes through the guardian he has share in it what do I mean by share is that the rights that she has on it he has it with her in giving her out لا يتم النكاح إلا به أنها النكاح will not be complete except with him except with the guardian ما لم يعضلها as long as he does not do prevention of her and says follow my life so here look at this pay attention what does he mean that she has the willy has share with her in her بضع means her private part what does it mean can a woman marry she is going to explain this later in this كتاب الرسالة can a woman marry a man without the permission of her willy no can the willy marry her off without her permission no means وأن العقدة بغير ولي باقل لا يجوز با رائع ولي مكرة باقل باقل لا يجوز باقل با جانب با جانب با ع kinds to تأ that أن ـ الخشون ١ء خشون لا نهار د Premier فلا تعضلوهن أن يكيحن أزواجهن إذا تلاضو بينهن بالمعروف. بخاري تفسيز إي like that. حافظ ابن حجر he says in that chapter in the explanation of the حديث معقل بنسار أن تفسيل of the آية he says إي تفق آهل التفسيري على أن المخاطبة بذلك الأولياء ابن حجر says pay attention, ابن حجر is an imam is a man who when the scholar say قال الحافظ to reveal like that معرف بالألف واللم قال الحافظ ألحافظ no name does it hit except حافظ ابن حجر إطلاقوا الحافظ when the scholars they just unrestrictedly say ألحافظ like that this is to no one else except حافظ ابن حجر automatically he says this great noble imam he says إي تفق آهل التفسيري the scholars of تفسير are unanimously in agreement على أن المخاطبة بذلك الأولياء that the one who is being addressed in this verse وإذا طلقتوا من نساءة فبلغنا أجلهن فلا تعضلوهن أن ينكحنا أزواجهن إذا تراضوا بينهم بالبعر the one being addressed here are the only the guardian of the girl do not stop her from it he says إي تفق آهل التفسيري ذكره ابن جريل وغيره he said ابن جريل mention this and other than him mentioned this بغاوي mentioned this ابن كثير mentioned this all of them قرطوا بي mentioned this all of them two scholars haven't differed on it now we have I've mentioned آيات from the Quran آيات from the Quran and the understanding of the مفصلين regarding it I'm now going to move on to the second evidence which is what the hadith of the messenger صلى الله عليه وسلم this hadith is the story of عقد عمر على حفصة when Omar went to marry off his daughter Hafsa when her husband died عمر رضي الله و تعالى عنه رضي الله و تعالى عنه he went to Uthman and he says the following he said أردت عليه حفصة he said I presented my daughter Hafsa to Uthman فقلت I said to him إن شئتا if you want انكح تكاء I will marry her off to you Hafsa so who is عمر رضي الله عنه who went into marry off حفصة who does he want who does he want to marry her off to عمر رضي الله و تعالى عنه I look what he is saying what you are saying is فقلت إن شئتا انكح تكاء أو زوج تكاء different way I will marry her off to you not that she will marry herself off I will marry you off I will marry Hafsa off to you عمر رضي الله و تعالى عنه I will look at my matters فلبيت عثمان عثمان stayed on for a couple of nights and then he came back مع تضرى العمر بأنه لا رغبة له في زواجي and he said to him I do not have no desire to get married in this particular time of mine عمر وانت فلقيت أبا بكر I met أبو بكر فقلت I said to him إن شئتا زوج تكاء حفصة if you want I will marry Hafsa off to you فسكت أبو بكر because of something he knew he knew that the prophet wanted to marry Hafsa ولم يرجع إلى عمر بجوان and Abu Bakr did not come back to عمر to say to him I want her or I don't want her he never gave him back any response so here what we want from the story is both times he said to them what I will marry you off to my daughter Hafsa if you want this shows that the willaya and the marrying of the girl is in the hand of the guardian pay attention Hafsa was a divorcee then or her husband died she's a widow she's previously been married and still she's getting she's still been married off so a woman a woman can be what you call it a divorcee or a virgin it's the same she's always married off she can't marry herself off أليمان ببنو الملقن رحمه الله who is a teacher of him نحجر العسقلاني رحمه الله in his explanation he has an explanation صحيح البقاري بقدر الملحجر it's good التوضيخ لشرح جامع الصحيح ابن ملقن says فصل في عقدي عمر على حفصة دونها دال على أنه ليس للبالغة تزيد نفسها دون وليها he says عمر ماريين of حفصة with her not being able to marry herself off is a clear cut evidence to show that the woman cannot marry herself off أليمان الحافظ ابن حجر العسقلاني رحمه الله he says وذكربن المنذري ابن المنذر he says أنه لا يعرف عن أحد من الصحابة خلاف ذلك the woman having to be married off with her ولي the woman being obligated on her to get married she wants to get married she has to go through the ولي لا يعرف عن أحد من الصحابة خلاف ذلك there is no خلاف that is known amongst the Sahab is regarding that they all are in unanimous agreement that the woman that the woman has to be married off by her ولي the second hadith is عائش رضي الله تعالى عنها قالت she said أن النكاح كان في الجاهلية على أربعة أنحاء عائش رضي الله تعالى عنها she said before Islam the pre-islamic era the marriage used to be four types the first one she mentions he says فنكاح منها from those نكاح was نكاح الناس اليوم the nikah that the people do today she is talking about the time of the prophet that the nikah that the people do today which is she can explain to us what he said يخطم الرجول إلى الرجول وليته فيصدقها ثم ينكحها that a man marries his sister or daughter off to another man and a diary is mentioned she said this was one of the nikahs that they used to do before the pre-islamic time which they still do today صحيح she said one of them is the first one is that one after she mentions the next three which don't concern us now look what she says فلما بعث الله محمد when Allah sent نبي الله محمد هدا من نكاح أهل الجاهلية that the prophet all of the pre-islamic marriages إلا نكاح أهل الإسلام اليوم except the nikah that the people of Islam do today which one was it it is نكاح الناس اليوم وزوات يخطم الرجول إلى رجول وليته فيصدقها ثم ينكحها is what a man marries his his sister or his daughter off فيصدقها with a sadaq which is a maher ثم ينكحها after they mention the maher and the willy is there the marriage is done the prophet destroyed all of the others and he only left that one left he only let that one stay also الإمام أحمد أبو داود and a tirmidi the Hadith of A'a'ich was in Sahih Al-Bughari by the way that the priest of it this Hadith the third Hadith is narrated by أبو موسى الأشعال أشعالي that Ahmad narrated in his Muslim أبو داود a tirmidi and a tirmidi and إبنو ماجه and إبنأ بشيبة are you with me that the prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم he said لا نكاح إلا بوليد the prophet said there is no نكاح marriage إلا بوليد except with a guardian the law where is the khabar where is the khabar of the law the khabar of the law is محدوف and it is what لا نكاح صحيح there is no نكاح which is correct صحيح إلا بوليد except with a wali except with a what with a wali some people came and they tried to weaken this narration and as I said to you this narration was authentic this narration was this Hadith is narrated by محمد أبو داود الترميدي إبن ماجه إبن أبي شيبة and others narrated and this Hadith is being authenticated by who عبد الرحمن ابن مهدي عحمد ابن حمبل يحيبن معين علي ابن المديني ابن حبان البخاري ورحمه الله أزيئ السنة للكبرة البيهقية أبو العباس القرطبي وزدتيج أبو عبد الله القرطبي ينز مفهم لما أشكل في الصحيح مسلم إبن مولاق إن بدل المنير so we have عبد الرحمن نبو إرشاد الفقيه يفعيل لتن أحمد ابن حمبل نموتون نموتثري يحيبن معين نجم الوهاج يفعيل لتن فو علي المديني فعيب ابن حبان بلوغ المرام حافن حجر بنزت سكس البخاري ورحمه الله إنسون الكبرة للبيهقية سبن أبو العباس القرطبي إن المفهم صحيح مسلم أيت إبن مولاق إن بدل المنير جوز أئمة النقاد أئمة الحديث they authenticated it so we are not in need of anyone after that إن شاء الله تعالى the حديث after that is حديث عائش رضي الله تعالى عنها she said that the Prophet ﷺ has said أيوم مراءة نكحت بغير إذن مواليها بغير إذن وليها فالنكاح باطل فالنكاح باطل the Prof browsers فالنكاحёл وقريبه and the the أئمة she said فإن دقلا بيها إتناس إليها . لديها ما يدعى المهرو الميسلي . إذا كان يتحوشها بشكل صحيح من المساعدة . ماذا سيكون ؟ ماذا يقول هذا ؟ ماذا تتكلمون بالأشياء الأخرى ؟ تعتقدون بأنها لديها محرمة . أعرفتها شيء جهدي . تعتقدون بأنها محرمة . تعتقدون بأنها لديها محرمة . إذا كنت تجدت معها أبل أو فعلتها بأنها ستعطيك شيء صغير ستعطيك ما هو مهر المثلي ستعطيك ما هو مهر المثلي فإن تشجروا فالسلطان ولي يملا ولي له إذا كانوا يكتبوا فالسلطان هو ولي لأجل من who ever has no wali هذا الحديث is narrated by إمام أحمد أبو داود الإمامه ترميدي يقول حديث عندي حسن هذا الحديث to me is حسن إبنو شيبا narrated it الإمام الشفع narrated in كتاب الأمب أبو عوانة أسفايين authenticated it in his المستد خرج إبنو حبان authenticated it الحاكم إني سابوري authenticated it all three of those أبو عوانة إبنو حبانا الحاكم إبنو حجر رحمه الله brings it in فتح الباري and straight after he brings it he follows them in the authentication and he says and it is also authentic أبو العباس القرطبي إبنو ملقن they also authenticated it they also authenticated it so these two narrations لانيكاح إلا بوليين and also the حديث أي يوم ممرأة لكحت بغير إذن وليها فانيكاحها باطن فانيكاحها باطن فانيكاحها باطن فإن دخل بها فالمهر لما أصاب منها فإن تشاجروا فالسلطان ولي ملاة ولي له it is a authentic حديث now we have finished the statements of the messengers صلى الله عليه وسلم we have finished the statements of the messengers صلى الله عليه وسلم we are going to now move on to the statements of the صحابة آثار الصحابة which is the third right آثار الصحابة عمر رضي الله تعالى عنه all of this which I am bringing is from the son of إبن أبي شيبة إبن أبي شيبة brings it عمر رضي الله تعالى عنه he said لانيكاح إلا بوليين there is no nikah except with the permission of the guardian with the consent of the guardian علي إبن أبي طالب رضي الله تعالى عنه it was said that it was said about him ما كان أحد من أصحاب النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم أشد في النكاح بغير ولي من عليه حتى كان يضرب به علي إبن أبي طالب there was not a person who was more severe and more strong in regards to this matter of marriage without the consent of the willy he was very strong on it to the extent that anybody who did it without the consent of the willy علي إبن أبي طالب used to beat that person up عبد الله إبن أبي he says إلا بولي يد عبد الله إبن أبي says there is no nikah except with the consent of the willy أو سلطان المرشد أو a guided سلطان and we're going to be speaking about that إن شاء الله و تعالى in the upcoming sessions لا نكاح إلا بولي أو سلطان المرشد and also we have statements of statements of other companions رضي الله تعالى عنه which you can all find them in مصنف إبن أبي شيبة أنا سنلبي حقيق now إن شاء الله و تعالى I want to come to the last one of them إن شاء الله و تعالى which is the statement of the scholars أقوالوا العلماء إن شاء الله و تعالى I'm going to mention two one being الإمام الشافع رحمه الله and the last one being الشيخ الإسلام إبنو تيميا الشيخ الإسلام إبنو تيميا الإمام الشافع رحمه الله الإمام الشافع رحمه الله he says in this كتاب الرسالة he says كل النساء محرمات الفروجي that the أصل is that every single woman her private part is prohibited from a man إلا بواحد من المعنيين except with one of two things the private part of the woman is حرام from a man she's not permissible for him except by one of two ways the first one نكاح نكاح the second one is الوطء بملك يميني what you're right and has possessed those two وهم المعنيان اللذان أدن الله فيهما and those are the only two ways that a man can have intimacy with a woman in which الله has permitted وسن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم كيف النكاح الذي يحل به الفرجو and the messenger has also legislated and stated how نكاح could be permissible for a man to have intimacy with a woman المحرم قبله a woman that was حرام from him before how she could become permissible for him the prophet has stated how he could do that how how فسن فيه the messenger stated and permitted and legislated that if you want to have intimacy with a woman and you want her to be lawful for you that you have to come with what فهي وليا you have to have a guardian the consent of the guardian وشهودا and you also have to have witnesses too وريضا من المنكوحة اثيب and also the third one we've been what the woman who you're marrying whether she's a widow or whether she's not you have to have a permission وسنة في رضا رضاها دليل على أن ذلك يكون برضا المتزوج لا فرق بينهما and when she is pleased with it they know that the man is already pleased with her he's the one who asked for a hand so we have the four that we need so he says فإذا جمع عن نكاح اربعة if four things are finding the نكاح what are they the woman is pleased the man is pleased two three وَاَيُو زَوَّ جَلْ مَرْأَتَا وَلِي you have the third being the woman is married off with the consent of her willy she's married off by her willy her guardian four بشهود with witnesses two witnesses حل النكاح ذلك نكاح is Halal her private part that was haram from you is now become Halal for you وإذا نقص النكاح واحد من هذا what about if one of those is a fouring one is missing كان النكاح فاسد ذلك نكاح is his facet لأنه why لأنه لم يؤت به كما سمنا رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم because that marriage لأنه لم يأتي with that which a messenger صلى الله عليه وسلم has legislated فيه الوجه الذي يحلو به النكاح the person has not come with what would make permissible for them the private part of the woman one of them is missing from you so it goes back to the us which is كل النساء محرمات الفروج every woman the verge is haram from you unless you come with what permits it for you those four are standing in front of you in order to have them to get the permissibility شايخو الإسلام ابنو تيميا he says فإنه قدل عليه القرآن في غير موضع والسنة في غير موضع وعادة الصحابة إنما كان يزوج النساء الرجال لا يعرف المراءة تزوجت نفسها وهذا مما يفرق في بين النكاح ومتقدات أقدان شايخو الإسلام ابنو تيميا he said فإنه قد عليه القرآن the Quran has shown في غير موضع that the guardian has to marry the woman off and the sunnah has also shown in more than one place that the guardian has to marry the woman off وعادة الصحابة and this was the norms and the customs of the companions إنما كان يزوج النساء that the one who would marry the woman off was who الرجال the men لا يعرف المراءة it was never known that a woman تزوجت that she got married with her own will أو that she married herself off تزوجت نفسها that she married herself off وهذا and the woman being married off and her marrying herself off إنما يفرق بين يفرق بين النكاح ومتقدات أقدان is what divides between a boyfriend and girlfriend relationship and a نكاح the woman who is married off with the consent of her willy is a marriage and the woman who marries herself off is ومتقدات أقدان she is a girl or a man who is in a boyfriend and a girlfriend relationship a boyfriend and a girlfriend relationship إن شاء الله وطعالا this is what I plan بإذن الله الكريب to go through today إن شاء الله وطعالا in this part next session إن شاء الله وطعالا as I promised previously I will be إذن الله الكريب I will be going on to the topic which is who is a willy من who والولي يفنكاح who is the willy in the nikah and also the upcoming ones I'm going to be speaking about is when the father is missing and the willy is missing how does things work also I'm going to be speaking about أقسام أولياء المرأة the types and the categories and the order that they are in I'm going to be speaking about the issue of تولية وتحكيم I'm going to be speaking about حكم المولودي من هذا النكه what is the ruling of a relationship that was not done with the consent of the willy the child that came out from it what's the ruling on this child and last but not least I will be speaking about شبوهات doubts that will be brought forward by those who want to propagate that the woman can marry without the consent of her willy the doubts that they put forward each and every one of them be responded to with evidences from the Kitab and the Sunnah anything which I have said that was wrong فإنه من لي ومن الشيطان والله ورسوله بريان من سبحانك اللهم بحمدك أشهد أن لا إله إلا الله أستغفرك وأتوب إليك


Everybody forced here ripping 2021 prism football first off the line 1 box number 25 random teams There's a results Lincoln chat. You can always find these on the website as well. Thanks everybody for joining and good luck Rookie's Rashawn Slater Pat Friarmooth purple ice bears rookie Justin Fields First pack with a boom Big congrats bears to 225 on the fields and a silver tree Lance Wow What a pack beautiful hit Niners as well will make both of those cards awesome start to this break Michael Carter and Ernest Jones purple ice goes to the Saints Michael Thomas at 225 And fireworks rookie Devontae Smith shimmer coming up now I can see it Davis Mills rookie Texans shy Smith got a blue shimmer for the Bucks Ronald Jones the second at 25 Tampa Bay Redway for the Jets Chris Herndon to 149 and silver for the Bucks Chris Godwin Mack Jones rookie Bay's card Pete Werner blue ice going to the Steelers makeup. It's Patrick to 99 For the Brewers have this weekend Rookie's Elijah Moore Jake Funk Got Jalen Darden Chas Sarat a red shimmer Raiders John Brown to 35 Orange Brandon cooks Texans to 249 and silver Jags libysque Chanel, Jr. Rookie's Anthony Schwartz Reverend Jordan purple power Lions rookie Jamar Jefferson To 49 orange for the Bucks Hardy nakers into to 49 all out Calvin Ridley Rookie's Sir tan minors blue wave for the Texans Anthony Miller to 199 emergent rookie Kyle Pitts Falcons Oh Okay, let me go in I Got Stevenson Wong Wu Gold shimmer nice one Cardinals AJ green Out of ten Congrats, Arizona Mag that one we got a hyper for the Raiders Derek Carter 175 and Blue shimmer Titans rookie auto racy McMath to 25 nice first off the line hit for the Titans Bolton Kellen Mons Green Scope Giants Daniel Jones to 75 fireworks rookie Wilson for the Jets Roundtree there's Devonte Smith Red shimmer Seahawks Dwayne Eskridge rookie to 35 Nice one Seattle and a Jamar Chase rookie auto silver redemption boom Big Congrats Cincinnati Rookie's Noah Gray Javante Williams red shimmers go into the Giants. It's Kenny Galladay. It's a 35 Orange Patrick Peterson for the Vikings sure what that is right there. It's not damaged Just printing error. I think and Najee Harris rookie break for the Steelers and that's gonna do it Thanks again everybody another one box are coming up next


What's going on everyone Sam here late in sports cards doing a two-box Beat our football and basketball mixer for Marvin L We've got one box of 22 certified one box of 21 spectra basketball. Here we go. Dude sin. That was awesome What super was that I only got to watch a little bit of it because I had to start the video But I saw that it was a super from was that bounty hunters or Mandalorian top scroll Mandalorian Mando. Gotcha. Gotcha. Gotcha. Was that one of like the Sent the pigs of it. Okay. I'll take a look after Drake London that is one thirty seven out of two ninety nine Tana Hill Bo Melton for the Seahawks to 75 filler my second Mando insert super frackers. Geez, dude Wanda Robinson for the Giants 295 out of 349 on the auto nice one there Marvin Wanda And that's Andrew Booth Jr. to 399 Vikings Sam Howell and just a base pack there monster out of certified Mike Evans to 349 Yeah, once this breaks over said I'll check it. I'll show Sean. So that's Chris Olavé 65 out of 349 Garrett Wilson to 249 on the graffiti insert Sean will flip we've got to be a dolphin then let's go. What I'm saying Stafford Gold team Clyde Edward Toler to 199 Joe Burrow certified stars and Rashad white to 199 That's okay Dark horses trailance. Oh, it's not a fin We've got auto Eli Mitchell that is 143 out of 149 going to the Niners We didn't talk about Christian McCaffrey at all today either that's crazy literally got traded man That's that it's like literally insane All right one box of spectra now we have spectrum and dude so happy it just came out so much fun All right, here we go Bramon green LeBron That is our money Brooks on the radiant auto 47 out of 99 nice We've got silver Josh Christopher and I just have a lot of weapons man Jared Butler Jerry Lucas 14 out of 75 on card auto for the Nick's nice one there illustrious legends And we've got nice Jalen green one out of 35 on the astral rookie nice hit there man That's awesome. They had a lot of good of those like base rookies, too. So that Davion Mitchell that's gonna be true holiday 21 out of 49 catalyst auto for the bucks and ant-man second year 31 out of 99 Louie d'Orte, there's a Mowgli rookie 35 Scotty Barnes back to back to back boxes with a big Scotty Barnes Holy cow congrats Marvin Literally have to mag a card every single person so far This is unbelievable Ma are Marvin congrats man That's nasty. I love that card too And then we got a Jaden springer seven out of 49 That'll do it for your break there Marvin congrats on all the hits man. We'll get them right out to you buddy


Welcome to the sports playbook where we discuss solutions to issues that impact sports. I'm your host, Angela Hazelett. Today's guest is Scott Carter, the Director of Facilities, Operations and Events at the University of Maryland Athletics Department. Today we're going to discuss Preparing for Kickoff, Safety and Security Concerns. Welcome, Scott. Thank you for joining us today. Angela, great to see you. Thank you for having me. I'm excited to have you as our guest. I know you worked at several universities and athletic facilities and events. This includes the University of Texas at Austin, James Madison, Auburn, and now the University of Maryland. So in your role, have you noticed any major differences between how these different athletic programs operate? Yeah, I think everywhere is different, which is probably common sense, but depending on the size of your school, your athletic department, everything can kind of vary a little bit from place to place. Given the last few years and the last 10 years or so and the impact on safety and security at events, a lot of different things have progressed from years ago when I started. It was simply, lock up with your ticket and come on in. And now as we know, there's a lot more different steps to that. There's a lot of ways to do it between metal detectors and all sorts of new technology. So things have grown over the years for sure. So now you're seeing even at smaller places, smaller schools are having some of the same systems and procedures as the larger schools. So when you think of your large Power Five schools or your group of five schools or even Division Two schools, Division Three schools, a lot of these things are going into place to really secure your facilities on game days when having large groups of people together. So years ago, different steps and styles for different people, but now you're kind of seeing the emphasis really come more to the forefront with current events. So you mentioned something interesting about the ticketing piece and how that's changed. They used to stub the tickets, the physical tickets, and now people have digital tickets or at least tickets that are going to be scanned using machines or devices. So how long ago has that transition been implemented and what really has had the impact on those who are trying to facilitate the entrance of spectators into a venue? Yeah, digital ticketing and technology in that space has really come a long way, even in the past 10 years. Just think of when you might have gotten your first iPhone for some myself, it was probably 10, 12 years ago, but really as that's progressed with smartphones and people able to bring that technology with them, you've seen that shift in digital ticketing. So depending on who you ask, there are pros and cons to it. They're from the ticket office side. It's easier to email everyone tickets or send out a link from the operational perspective. You bring tickets, it's in your pocket. Well, you show up to a stadium of 50, 80, 100,000 people. A lot of times you get the, well, I can't connect to the Wi-Fi or my phone died or all those kinds of lines. So there's different pros and cons. I think the biggest pro is you're able to access those tickets. It's in a safe location. You can drop the ticket stub. You can hand it off. You're probably not going to hand someone a phone. Now, do you get into the spectrum of, well, I'm going to screenshot it and send it to you? Of course you do. But a lot of times, as we say, well, it'll scan the first time. It won't scan the second, third, or fourth time if you're trying to get your friends in or you sold it, different things like that. So I think there's a lot of pros and cons to it. I think it helps not only with tracking and you can, you know, you get a time stamp on that scan. So especially from a security standpoint, especially during, even during COVID times, if you're using your ticket correctly, you knew when Angela Hazel had used that ticket to come into that game, if she was in fact still using that ticket. But, you know, when that came in, so it gives you that kind of data set as well.  So a lot of, a lot of programs are moving that way, digital ticketing. Some still do have hard, hard stock printing, mailing tickets out. So once again, that's a decision for each athletic department to make. But there's a security standpoint. It's definitely, doesn't eliminate all of the security and the counterfeitness of tickets. But at least it's, it's made it harder. And sometimes that's a victory in itself. And you say you've noticed that evolution in the last 10 to 12 years, roughly, as far as people moving away from the paper ticketing procedure? Yeah, for sure. I think, yeah, just, it's, things change over time. And as tickets and not, you're not just selling tickets to your home games, you're selling tickets to away games, to pole trips, to post season, just the frequency. And now you're ticketing, not just football and basketball, is you're ticketing 15 to 20 sports sometimes. So it's much easier to be able to send things out in advance, get things, people where they are versus them having to come to you on campus or the more local box office, if you're a professional organization, maybe they can swing by throughout the week. But I think it's a ease of accessibility now that enables people to purchase tickets online, get them pretty much almost immediately or be able to, once you do ticket renewals, send that all out and you've got your stuff in the season. And it makes things a bit easier for a lot of different folks. Some people do miss the hard tickets. You made a really interesting comment about being able to know when people's tickets are scanned. Do you use that kind of, that data to help you with staffing to, to move people, like find out the trends and patterns of when people are entering a game? And does that, does that help you with the staffing? Yeah, absolutely. I think to be able to get statistics on when and how people are entering your facility. So especially, especially coming out of COVID as a lot of people across the country in different areas hit staffing issues, switch for game days when you need several hundred people as event staff or several hundred people to be concessionaires, things like that. And to be able to pull data, at least on a very elementary level of how many people are coming through this quadrant of your stadium definitely lets you staff up at that area. At my time at Auburn, we kind of got into a fairly good ritual of we knew kind of our 90 minutes, we were open pregame for football game of where we needed to staff first from that first 20 minutes. And then we could kind of pivot around as necessary. We knew that really most games, but especially depending on a big game against a higher level opponent, that the students are going to be there early, they're going to line up, they're going to be outside. So our main focus as we opened was getting them in inside. And once we got that cleared, we could pull people from those walkthrough metal detectors, those bag check tables, and spread them out a little bit elsewhere. Because we knew another quadrant of our stadium was then going to be hit by the general public from the tailgating lots from the walking from the downtown area, things like that. So once we knew we got the mass of the students in the big cluster at the gates, that definitely helped us pull those people elsewhere to kind of fill out the rest of our staffing model. So that helps us kind of get that higher level data usage. It's definitely helpful to have. And it's interesting that the students actually come in early. I want to talk just briefly, I know at LSU they've had actually increased security, their in stadium security procedures, because of one of their gymnasts, Olivia Dunn, who has received a lot of attention, and they've had to kind of change some procedures. So what are your procedures when you have celebrities or famous people or people that are getting kind of a lot of attention, either athletes or spectators? How do you manage that? Yeah, I think what always helps is to know if they're coming and sometimes you do and sometimes you don't. I think for having special guests and attendants is helpful. Special guests when it's a student athlete, like Olivia or like Auburn having an Olympic gymnast, Sunni Lee as well. Sorry, I didn't escape you for a second. Sunni Lee on campus as well. Yeah, you got to keep an eye out for that. You know, Auburn basketball and Charles Barclose comes around. He's a big supporter of the program there. So knowing when these people are coming in games and keeping an eye out is always helpful. And you try to work with them. And if they need additional event staff around them to make sure people aren't there, they're allowed to enjoy the game too. So we want to make sure they're able to do that. But positioning folks with them so they're not having biographs or pictures, they're all lovely people and they're willing to do that. But sometimes they kind of need to be able to leave and go home. So we try to help them out where they can for special VIPs.  You might just want to attend the game. But sometimes it's good to know when those people show up. You might need to step in or say, how can we help? You need someone from the event staff or campus university police, things like that around as well. Being in this area as well, up here next close to Washington, D.C., we, it's time to time, can have some special guests from Washington, D.C., from a political realm as well. So when those are involved, we tend to have previous contact with some of their staff, some of their security, whether that's a federal agency provided or just their own people to reach out and dance, working with campus police and kind of their details of how they're getting in, where they're sitting, where they're going. Once again, great things to have, information to have. So we know where they're sitting, if something happens, if we need to get them out, it's all just, it's a lot of it's just prior communication, whether they're, you know, like you said, a celebrity and they're a guest of our development department or they're maybe a more famous student at the university or a friend from Washington, D.C., down the street. It's just working in advance with those departments and knowing, meaning doing walkthroughs, you know, show them your facility, show them how they're coming through, how they're going to get to their seats, where they're parking, where can we get them out? If something happens, it all just leads to prior communication. Is it fair to say that the political figures that come to an athletic event may have different protocols or different requirements as far as safety and security? Yeah, they'll usually have a couple more people dedicated to them, which is assumed and makes sense. But it's still us working with them and then they have our contact information. We may have some of our own university security police people around the area just to keep an eyes watch out for anything that may happen. But, you know, we want them to come, we want them to visit, we want them to enjoy the game, but they're here by themselves or with some coworkers or with their families oftentimes. We want them to be able to enjoy their game too and then visit the campus. So we try to make things streamlined and easy for them. And we're here to help their people as much as we can. And that's how you, it's been pretty smooth so far. And you've had the experience of being part of ESPN's College Game Day and having that experience and hosting a special media event. You don't always have a lot of advanced notice of where ESPN is going to go. And even just broadcasting games in general, sometimes they're setting the schedule of what games they're going to show or air. Talk to me about dealing with the media and the last minute request and changes that, how does that impact what you do? Yeah, the nature of especially college football these days is with game time windows. Sometimes you'll, you'll know games right now. Right now we know our first three games this season. TV has already announced those as some of your non-conference games. But as you, as you know, you get into the thick of it, you get into conference play. They kind of wait in 10 ounce times to kind of pick those premier matchups for TV. So that might be a two week window out. That might be a six day window. So you're, excuse me, you're going to find out Saturday night the week before of your next Saturday's game. So on that regard, you just try to communicate and everyone knows you have a game. So you're not surprising anybody. So once we know that, you know, I sent an email out to way too many people that should be on an email about, Hey, our games at 330 next Saturday, and everyone plans accordingly. So it doesn't stop people from staffing or getting ready. It's just finalizing that time so they can kind of shift what they're doing.  So you've just tend to find those out on a similar timeline.  But really, once that comes in, they're exciting to have, you know, they, they roll all those TV trucks in town. I know for Jamie back in 2014 or 2015, I think it was the first time that we hosted there. That was exciting, but hadn't been done there before, which is pretty cool. So we had to go stake out some space real quick. We ended up there in the quad on campus. And then lo and behold, I think late Tuesday or early Wednesday, all the trucks came rolling down and they started building the stage. So that's exciting to have them on campus. But then that's funny. You start working with their security people and they have their own detail. And they're sure they're working with our provider there of event staff people to staff and watch stage all week, things like that. But that becomes another event in itself. And besides your football game, besides wherever you may help else have going on in game day. So it's exciting to have those, but it adds another piece to it. We did that jam, you know, obviously, we did a the in arena basketball and twice at Auburn, which was new there as well. And that's that's putting it's a little bit smaller, you know, but one time we had it earlier in the day where you have a little more setup. One time it was immediately pregame because we had the early game. So they literally went off air and then we threw the ball in the air. So we had to work with them. Okay, you're going to be off the side, you got to move some donor seats around. They were great and wonderful. They're excited to be right there by the TV action as well. So those things and those people, yes, it's pretty turnkey for them at this point. They know what they're doing. And it's the same people and over and over. So you build those relationships, you know, to expect from those guys. So they're always great to work with. And then for more for your standard media, depending on the game, depending who you're playing, depending who might be in attendance, depending what's going on, working closely with your eSports information, your media relations departments to help handle your more standard photo video print media people covering the game is super important as well. A lot of your credentialing systems for your athletic part will come through departments like mine. Your event management departments do put together that that system and process for everyone attending a game, but really relying on them to help determine who's approved, who's not approved from a media print perspective. That's super helpful. We work together on TV crews coming in and to broadcast the game, but to know who's who's legit and who's not to come cover this game and who needs to go where relying on our folks who knows people in sports info much better than I is super helpful. They've been great, but yet another moving piece of a good amount of people, whether you're at a Texas, November and Jamie, Maryland, it could be a smaller group, it could be a much larger group and it's really important, especially if they have field access or press conference access, knowing who's where, knowing that they know where to go, things like that. So once again, common theme going back to communication and sharing that information with people is vital, but really important. You've worked at some large stadiums. I mean, University of Maryland hosts about 54,000 people, Auburn 87,000 people. I imagine there's lots of special considerations when you're hosting that many, or the potential for that many spectators. So talk to me about safety and security strategies. Are they different for larger venues like that? And is there this tension between costs and benefits? What are your thoughts on that? Yeah, I think now what you're seeing more with larger football stadiums and basketball or multi-use arenas, I think those things are starting to be more consistent across the board, not only schools recognizing the need themselves for more safety and security procedures, but also the conferences. I know years ago at Auburn it was working at the SEC at the time of some schools that already initiated to walk through metal detectors and things like that. We had started a year early. There was a requirement to have it in place by, so everyone had it in place by, I want to say it was 27 or 18, or probably 2018, getting that in place. And then it was slowly segwaying to the arenas. Some people did that, some people didn't. So here at Maryland, we have metal detectors at football and at here at arena for a basketball game. So I think the concentration now is larger groups of people where you see it's, okay well some schools have metal detectors at baseball games, some have them at softball games, some have them at outdoor events, other outdoor events, soccer games, things like that. I think from there it's kind of based on really doing a good security assessment, working with your campus safety, working with your university, saying is there a great need? Is there a great risk for some of these things there? The answer can always be yes, put it out there, but you said if you're going to put 20 metal detectors at 40 baseball games, that adds up. And sometimes, yeah. And it may be like, you know, the LSU that like we talked about earlier, Olivia Dunn, they may want to use a procedure like that because of certain risks to certain athletes. So lots of things to be concerned with. And what about the usage of drones? I know that has increased in recent years. And are you guys in a restricted airspace there in College Park, Maryland, being so close to the nation's capital? Like talk to me about drones and how that has really changed some strategies for you. Yeah, once again, things you didn't really need to worry about too much. Ten years ago is now a fairly common theme throughout, you know, live events, not just sports, but any mass gathering is drones. And it's not just now just a hobby. I mean, we even, you know, communications departments across the country for athletics have drones themselves to capture film and content and great things for putting online. I know at Auburn, our folks there had them, they had one with a little Auburn helmet on top of it that would fly over. And it was very well branded. But we need to know when that's going up because then you'd see people in the parking lots with them. And we test used to test cool things like there's drone detecting software that through antennas, they can kind of sense where people are going. And then they can track down where the controller is and you dispatch a police officer. They ask them nicely to please take down the drone.  If someone says, oh, yeah, we're going to film the team walking the stadium with the drone. That's information my department needs to know. So I can really that to campus police because if they see a drone flying down the street, probably not the greatest thing in the world. Here at Maryland, like you mentioned, we are eight miles from smack dab the national mall in the middle of DC. So three major airports right around us. So it is very critical that if people are using drones, that there's a there's a there's a process through campus or police department. There's an FAA component as well. So even if it's just we're trying to film stuff for, you know, stadium over shots for for just general B role or whatever it may be, we still need to go, you still do it the right way. Still need to have an approval, need to have you be licensed, whatever it may be, still need to go through the process. So questions get asked. We can answer them. We did the right way. Other places across the country may be more relaxed. There's probably some policies in place for approval for general use and approval for game day use. So definitely check with your local university police department or your athletic department. But it might be a more common place. But here it's just all the things we're surrounded by and right next to it's a little more sensitive of things flying around the air. So it's always good to know when those things are happening and that we help people accomplish their goals in the right way. Digital ticketing, metal detectors, drones, what else has changed in the last 10, 12 years for you? I mean, yeah, it's it's come a long way. I think it's just continuing to look at okay, what's next? And you know, even metal detectors, which was a big thing now, five years ago, we all know we're using this metal detector that we all know and love, not just from the airport, but other places. That technology is always changing. You're getting smaller ones, you're getting lighter ones, you're getting just the matte you walk over that just kind of scanned you. So as the technology increases, I think that'll be interesting to monitor, especially as some stadiums, college football stadiums, some are older and very, you know, designed years ago. So how do you put back in more equipment into older, you know, facades on the side of stadiums, things like that. So it's making the decision of what what's really needed of, are you good with what you have, you're getting everyone on time, it's safe, it's good versus, you know, it's like getting a new phone every two years, you can get a new phone every two years, if you want to. But there's probably the cost to redo 100 metal detectors every couple of years. It's probably more than you're going to want to spend. So keeping on that technology, you know, NFL programs, things like that, increases in credentialing, you can, you know, scan things, photo recognition, things, it's a lot more. So I think it's really comes down to the decision of your department, your athletic department, talking about what makes the most sense for you guys based on your security and risk assessments of your facility, of your events, of your area, and kind of tailoring what fits best for you, what fits best financially for you, because like you said, that does factor in sometimes on best how you use things. You can use metal detectors at different facilities, you can move things around, you know, you only need 100 of them for football season, you can move things around to use other places. So maybe there's opportunities to use things on campus, share things, you know, we've put different departments getting maybe government assistance grants, things like that to help security measures. So there's a lot of options out there. So I'd recommend people that they're looking to increase or do something new, definitely take a look at what's out there and see what works best for you. You mentioned about what's next and the University of Maryland's president has expressed a commitment for the university to be a fossil fuel power plant under the next gen energy program by 2035. So has there been discussion within athletics about how this expectation to be more carbon neutral campus is going to impact athletic facilities? Yeah, I think right now the big one that we see on more day-to-day basis is a lot more from the sustainability efforts, especially on game days. And a lot of that's trash recycling those efforts on how much is produced. You can say, I guess we don't have a lot of paper tickets anymore, so that kind of helps. But really across campus, really sustainability efforts has been a big thing in the last couple years of reducing the amount of waste, recyclables, even all the small stuff, straws, couplins, things like that. Things that we can reduce or use again is definitely something they pushed for a lot recently here. So look for that to continue to continue. But then as you look at capital projects and facilities, I'm sure those things are being taken into consideration. Different green spaces, solar is an option. I've seen different places as well. As we continue to build, I'm sure that'll factor in somehow not only at athletic facilities, but different facilities on campus as we progress as well. Have you heard any mandates or questions or discussion on how directly that will impact you? I mean not just going forward in the planning for revamping buildings or building new facilities, but any particular changes to existing facilities that you've heard discussions that kind of help create the sustainable carbon neutral type of facility? Not a tremendous amount. I know the more recent facility upgrade we did at our football stadium is we just changed out all of our older lights to LED lighting. So that's more of an efficiency and electricity kind of helping cost, not only cost there, but impact on the university. So little things like that as we go, but I'm sure there'll be more to come in the near future. Talking about the future, if you could pick one thing that you think is going to be the next change in security and safety procedures in college athletics, what would be the very next thing that you envision happening? Man, I think everything's kind of slowly combining between digital ticketing and digital parking and minimizing the ingress egress. I think at some point, kind of like those Amazon stores where you can just walk and walk out. I think at some point someone's going to come up with just an easy way to get people straight in and get people straight out. I don't know what that is. I'm not an engineer or my scientist, but I'm sure we're headed there in some kind of magical, fast pass kind of way of you've got your ticket and you just walk in with your phone in your pocket and somehow the powers that we make that happen. But I think the impact from security is really trending towards how do you maximize the customer service and the fan experience. I think that's where we're headed. So anything that increases that more while maintaining that high level of safety and security that you need to have, I think that's kind of our next step. Great. Scott, thank you so much for your time today. We really appreciate your insight into preparing for kickoff and safety and security concerns. So thank you for sharing your expertise. And I look forward to your prediction if coming true of what the future of safety and security in college athletics will look like. So thank you for your time. Thank you very much, Angela. Thanks to your viewers for joining us today on the Sports Playbook. We will see you next time. Thank you so much for watching Think Tech Hawaii. If you like what we do, please click the like and subscribe button on YouTube. You can also follow us on Facebook, Instagram, and LinkedIn. Check out our website, ThinkTechHawaii.com. Mahalo.