Mae gennym ni'n fan hyn o'r cyfnod i gyddoedd. Mae yna y gallwn i fynd i'n teimladu'r ffordd. 1. Yna'r ffordd. sut mwy fydd y cwm draws ym mewn cyfyddoeth i'w ymgei'r twf yn eraill. I'r byd yn y bydd. er mwyn o'r ddiadw nos i wneud yn gallu schnug o'i chiór o sail. 2. Mi'n gwybod i lawr o Americaol, a ydych chi'n gallu cyfnod i'w lectrung o'u thwygen o'r gennym.holm delyg fel Ras Ym Lawr , today's brilliant We are there Mads Forget Your Wife y tiyster It is an honour to be here and I think of full circle Because one of the most asked questions that I'm going to pre-empt Is How on earth do you become a food historian and the answer is a fellow of the Royal Society phoned me up many many many years ago Mr Peter Brears who has remained my tutor and mentor ever since and to say I think you need to come and help me with a project felly, dwi'n cael ei wneud o'r ffolo, rwy'n eich bod ni wedi'i gweithio i gyd. Rwy'n cael ei gwybod i chi o'r gweithio. Rwy'n cael ei wneud o'r gweithio i'r palysau cymaint. Rwy'n cael ei wneud o'r ffamiliau, yw'r maesaf, mae'r Magistr has yn ymgyrch yn unrhyw o casgliadau a'r gweithio'r brydiau, ac mae'r ffosbeth wedi'i gweithio i'r gweithio i'r gweithio. that she chooses not to live in are not the royal household that's the posh part I don't work for. They are the royal palaces, those which in some cases have been open to the public for many, many years. We curate these 6 currently. And my job as food is storing, it is so simple it is incredibly complicated. I am supposed to look at the history of our monox, their pwysig iawn, â hyn sydd gyda'n gweithio i waith yn lle Sul ystoedd y law ar toys ym ym hanfydd. Mae gallwn yn sy Eisiellon Gymraen sy'n gobeithio'r dra iawn eich cyntaf iechyd a bwysigiaeth conversations o'ch cyflwyster ... g onder fel Haef Nd remarkable drwy nodiwr Roedd gyrffeau Dam oedd Iedd wedi Awl Shrun yr Aelol, ar gyfer Tal P Gympridd Del Cig Shah oedd ein cyntaf oüll Roedd Cyffredinol. Mae Darren Rose dim hanerdol ar maen nhw. Gei gael cael Requ whistle M36 i, gan gweld Grandma Mr Rae, gan dddur prizewyd ar gadog pwysig. mae'n bwysig o ddechrau. Mi fyddwn i wneud o gweithio i chi'n hoffi'n fawr o'r arddangos, ond rwy'n meddwl i'ch digwydd o choclwch. Mae'n gweithio'r projectau o'r ddweudio a gweithio. Gweithio'r projectau, mae'n ei wneud o'r cyflwyno, mae'n gweithio o'r gweithio, mae'n gweithio'r lexir o'r hoffi. Mae'n gweithio'r bobl o'r hoffi o 18 mlynedd. a'r angen i ymddi gyfan i'w gweithio ar y cyffredin yn ddod y cyfnod ychydig i gydag y chynyddiadol, yw'r ysgol yn ymddi i'w gweithio. Dw i'n meddwl i, mae'n weithio. Mae'n holl am y tîm, mae'n meddwl. Mae'n mynd i gydag, ac mae'n meddwl i'r mynd i'r hyn yn ei gwybodaeth. Maen nhw'n cael ei fod yn fwy ystod yn gweithio. Pryd y gallwn gwahoddau'r cyntaf, lle'r gwahodd ar y dyfodol y sydd wedi'u gwahoddau. Mae'r cwylwyddoedd i'r lle'r oedd yma yn gweithio'r cythigyn. Rhaid i'r cwylwyddoedd, yna'r gwahoddau'r argyflwyngau'r argyflwyngau. Rwy'n gweithio'r gwybod yma yn y cwylwyddoedd. Mae'r ffordd maen nhw'n cael ei gwestwynt arall. Os blomwch chi'n gweld, blomwch chi'n gweld yma. Yn ddifrif o'r meddwl yma yn edrych, y teimlo, y dyfodol sy'n hefyd yn ei wneud, yn ei ddweud, oherwydd mae'n gweld, yn i, ac mae yna rhai o'r honno hefyd yn ymwysig o Henry VIII. Mae'r hunai yn ymdweud ac mae'n gweld, yn ddweud ond rhaid, y cyfnod ar y cyffredin yn fawr. Ond rhaid i'r cyffredin. Mae'r hunain yn amwylo'r cyffredin yn 2015. Mae'r cyffredin yn ddweud 500 o'n Gymryd. yn gynhyrchu cywreist ac iddynt cysylltu'r bwysigau. Felly mae'r bwysigwch yn farakol i gydych chi'n hyn ymgyrch, na chael ei bod yn cael ei wneud gyda'r gwybod i chymeli. Rwy'ch gwybod gyda'r gwybod eich llwyten sy'n iawn, ym June Brindley, byddai yw dyfynydd hynny?manshipwch fel hyn byddai hynny wedi cyflym. Mae'r bwysigwch hul yn cyfwyrdol i ni'n viw. yn mynd arlasio'r gwahod, byddwyr efallai gwahodd dda'r gweithio sut lle. Mor byd yn wych i gyd yn y gweithio hynny'n ddim. Felly gallwn i'n cael ei amlun yn ddigonol. Y gweni yn ei gwahodu mynd â'i cymryd yn y ffoedol, mae hwn yn ddigonol i'r palysau gyda'r palysau gyda'r cyfeirio eraill. Mae oes wedi cael ddigonol i'r palysau gyda'r gyfer rwynt. Mae hynny'n ddigonol i'r bwroch. Mae'r cyfnodd yn chelyw'r cyffredinol yn gwybod am y ddweud y cyffredinol mae'n dweud am dweud losol. Mae'n gweld y pethau'r pethau. Ond mae'n gweld bod y griffredinol yn ei gweithio'r cyffredinol ar y palysau. Mae'r cyffredinol yn yw'r newid arall. A phosbun, mae'n gweithio'r cyffredinol yn y ddwy flynedd. Mae'r cyffredinol yn y ddwy flynedd, mae'r cyffredinol yn y ddweud yw y tynnu yng ngyfrifol o'r proiect. i'r pethau o'r hanes. Felly mae Mary wedi allan, mae'r peth hynny yn bwysig y llwyddo palys a ddod o'r ddiddordeb a'r newydd Crystafol yn y ddechrau. Felly, rydych chi'n gweld i'r palys yma, ac y pethau ar gweinu, rydyn nhw'n wedi cael ei ffordd o'r gweinu. Ond y clywed i'r gwneud yma, mae'r ystod yn ôl i'r honno ar gyfer George I. A'r progexau yma yma yngydig yng Nghaerfodd Chocolau. ac ydych chi'n dweud bod yma yn Hampton Côr yn gweithio'r rhain. Mae yw choclwch gyda'r palau arall, ac mae'r choclwch gyda'r choclwch gyda'r Charser II a'r hyn o'r ystod o'r Rhain o George III. Ychynig o'r ddweud o'r rhain o'r llyfrnau rhagorau, mae'n gwneud yn ystod. A mae'n gweithio'r llyfrnau a'n mynd i ddod o'r choclwch gyda'r choclwch, a'r cyffinia llyfrnau cyffinis, a mae'n diwyll fryd â'r rhain. Mae'r rhain i'n gweithio arall o'r rhain yn teimlo chi'n llyfrnau rhagorau. Mae'n gweithio'r llyfrnau rhagorau a'n gweithio'r llyfrnau rhagorau, mae'n gweithio fwyllach i gyd yn llyfrnaf. Mae'n gweithio'r llyfrnau rhagorau. A ydych chi'n ceisio, mae'n gweithio. Gwt i'n gweithio ar y gynedd, oedd ddwy'n colladau ac mae'r honno dwi wedi gwneud y projec o morph. Rydym ni'n rh 不lyniad mewn pob gwynyddu o'r recordreig o'r gyfan Chalklack Hitchen? Pan oed,llyw am y glwmp yn na bwrs ynghyd o ddenascoliaeth ei ddweithiau. Roedd yn gweithio yn fawr o adnoddau'r recordreig. Roedd yn fawr i'n ddweithiau i ddechrau'r recordreig. Mae y gallai amddangodd gweithiau a'r cyffreddau sylwyddaucode你的 when they wanted people to come in and chocolate court Cesarec would have been the same if we could find any evidence for it being true could one find it and could you find anything about the people that what they did and if so could you put it back together in a way that the public could have look at and understand so that's what we set off during that we can hit to put things in context thatแลxor about chocolate. Apart from a lot of you Côr yw'r cyffredin iawn. Mae'n meddwl i cwylwch. Cwylwch yn enwedig y Brith yn y ffordd ymlaen, yn y Cymru, mae'r teimlo i'r cwylwch. Mae'r cwylwch yn y brith yn y ddechau i'r cyffredin iawn, i'w dweud i'r cyffredin iawn i'w ddwy'r cyffredin iawn. Mae'r cwylwch yn y ddechrau, mae'r 1640. Cwylwch yn y dweud i'r cyffredin iawn. Mae'n gweithio'r gweithio, mae'n dwi chi'n Gweithio'r gofal yn y gweithio'r gweithio'n gweithio, ond mae'n ddim y gallwn i gydag. Ond mae'r ystyried i'r choclad ar hyn. Coclad ar hyn yn oed yn ymgyrchol ac yn ymgyrchol. Mae oed yn gweithio. Mae ymgyrchol yn ymgyrchol yng Nghymru 18 Llywodraeth. Fyng yw ymgyrchol oedd yn cael ei wneud o ddod yn ymgyrchol. Mae ydych chi'n gweithio'n gweithio eich bod yn gweithio'r byw ymgyrchol y clwp, rydyn ni'n bwysig eraill y cadw o gwybeth, ychydig, am ychydig oedd yn y bydol yn gweithio. Mae o'n meddwl allan o'r ddechrau, o hyn sy'n rhyw fawr, oherwydd allan o gofynau o ddim yn dysgu y ei menu. Mae'n holl o'r llyfynol, mae'n ddull yn ddysgu'r llwyth yn olygu gan maes mwyaf dysgu yn cael eu gwneud ymddangosol. Ond, y cwylwt yn olygu'r llyffyn o'r llyffynol ym mhwyng. The reason it's so expensive is coffee can grow rather alów places around the world but need a fairly warm climate. Tea will grow outside here, it's only a community bush,but chocolate needs a very small band of 12 degrees either side of the equator. This means that it doesn't matter how many colonies you have, and people like chocolate have a lot of colonies. If none of them fall into that band you cannot grow chocolate. yn ei aethaf sydd beth cymrydych. Y ddyn nhw sydd helpu ddim yn yusta ffIND, a'r ach Margaret yn ychydig roedd eich Tychent. Yn ym un pond ac yn gyfer tîm, mae'n oeddo cwmp sydd mewn tîm. A wnaeth yn bobl beth yna. Mae'r ach或dd wedi'u ach mae'r ach o'r ach o'r ach. A'r cwylwch agorwch yn gyflawn ar y pwlad. Felly, rydyn ni'n cyfnod arwad, a llwyddo'n unrhyw oír pryd, a'r cwylwch yn fawr iawn, o gyda'r cyffredinol. Rydyn ni'n gwybod i'r roi cyflawn yw'r awr ystod gyda'r bwlad. Those purple and yellow pods there, they're kakode pods. That's what appears on the tree and the beans there are kakode beans. The white pulp in that cut one is probably what people did first. This is so far back in Sun Nou American history. No one has any idea when they first discovered that you don't just eat the pretty white fruit, which apparently tastes sweet and somewhat lychee-like. We presume everyone spat the pips out.  What we don't have is any information on who decided I know what we'll do, we'll roast those pips and see what happens. We're missing a little bit. But it's the pips of the fruit which create the chocolate that we know. Oops, go away, go away. The other interesting fact that is another lecture entirely, is chocolate comes with its entire own paraphernalia. That's a beautiful Mayan chocolate jar. If anyone's quite well up on the upper town of Mayan, that's his chocolate there, apparently. That's a screw-fit piece of ceramics. It's a gorgeous piece of work. And yet, for no apparent reason, we're coming up with one, everything about chocolate paraphernalia is ignored in the West. We take teaballs and teapots from the Chinese. We take coffee pots and coffee cans from the Arabs and copied them. But we take nothing from the native society that produce chocolate. Everything about chocolate in the West is invented, probably for that very reason, they're natives. And in our ignorance, we consider there is nothing we can learn from them. Because everything, as I said, from Western chocolate is made up. This is a lovely little set of tiles. We don't know which kitchen it came from. It's now in the Museum of Valencia. And it shows some servants about to serve chocolate. I find this nice and confusing. We have the man there with his cups of chocolate. All they've done about cups is made teaballs taller for chocolate. And for some reason, that chap's spilling one. I keep trying to come up with stories. I think it might be the fairy tale of the falling duck and the chocolate cup, but I haven't written it yet. I'll come up with something for another lecture. Do you remember that cup of falling chocolate, though? It's quite important. Not only do we invent all the paraphernalia, but we also invent the word. We're used to the word chocolate. It is a word that the Spanish gave us as a sort of misfit from the words from South America. My Yucatan Mayan is very poor, but apparently their closest to chocolate that I can do is cacachwata. I am told, and forgive me if there's any Spanish speakers in the audience, that the huat part doesn't sit comfortably on the Spanish palate. So if you use an Inca word for water, because that's what that part of the word means, atl is much easier is better to say. But if you're Spanish, caca atl, in fact caca anything for a brown drink, doesn't go down very well. So it helps to put a chip in the front. So just in our 3,000 mile journey, what started off as a bitter foaming, often dyed red drink called caca flat, arrived in the West as a warm, sweet drink called chocolate atl. We were trying to find out about the chocolate kitchen there, and we were sent off in different directions, and I'm going to have to praise our interns for a lot of this, to see what we can find. And before we tracked down the chocolate room, we tracked down the chocolate maker, in fact several of them. The king's chocolate maker during the heydays of Hampton Court's chocolate kitchen was Mr Thomas Tosier, and he refers to himself continuously as chocolate maker to the king, and he manages to chocolate maker for George I, and very briefly George II. We even found the previous, his previous incumbent, the beautifully named Solomon de la Fe, he worked under Queen Anne. What we haven't been able to find is anything about these people. When we came to the end of our project, we were very lucky to be given some extra research time. What's the most asked questions when I take this out to evenings like this? And people kept saying, where does Mr Tosier come from? You don't just wake up one morning as the king's chocolate chef. You must have a route to that. And we cannot find anything about him. We have his work under the king and his will. He either came from nowhere special, unlikely. Someone's just lost it, no one cared. Not always, every generation doesn't care as much of us about finding these. Perhaps he hid his route, perhaps he doesn't want us to know what his humble beginnings were, but we can find out nothing about him. But as a chocolate maker, he did very well. You're probably not going to be able to piece anything out of that way. He dies 1739. He leaves 10 pounds sterling to virtually every member of his family. Nieces, cousins, all sorts. He leaves a house to one of his servants. There's a little house down in the west country. He does very well out of chocolate. He isn't just the king's chocolate maker. He's an entrepreneur. He owns a chocolate shop in Greenwich, a chocolate house in Greenwich, in Chocolate Lane. We finally tracked it down. It's now a resident. There we presume there was a big royal sign out saying, I make the king's chocolate. You can try it here for a price. And it was one of these rather risqué nightclub sort of places. We know a lot about that because of Mr Tozier's wife, Grace. She turns up equally in one. The large picture there, the gentleman's magazine. Mrs Tozier is an it girl of the early 18th century. People want to know about her. And some clues about the chocolate business. When Thomas dies, she remarries. She continues the chocolate shop, but she doesn't change her name or it. So it obviously was a brand worth keeping. Tozier's chocolate shop carries on. As you can see from the small cutting there, she's doing well enough to have a new dance floor put in for the king when he comes for his birthday. When she dies about 30 years after Thomas, she leaves £3,000 in her estate. Chocolate is good money at this time. She's in the gentleman's magazine there, by the way, because apparently the ladies of London would like to know what Mrs Tozier is wearing this year. And if you feel you need to dress as Mrs Tozier, the page opposite, which we don't have, says that this year she is in a fine new hat, some new leather gloves, and a fulsome floral bosom. That's the look of that year. While we're messing around with who worked there, one of our interns called Charlotte, who was sent scuttling off to the public record office to see if we could track down the room. And this was the document, with only a year to go, that she finally found. A list of the rooms of Cloister Court, which is incredibly useful, because it starts from the Queen's staircase, somewhere which we have and we know of, and it works its way around. And when you get to room number eight, you get the chocolate room. And this was our Eureka moment for the entire project. Finding the people, finding the trades was wonderful, but being able to track down from Wren's designs which room they meant the chocolate kitchen was quite something. What we wanted to do, though, was see what we could do when we found it. This is the first room on the list. That's why I just tell everyone I want this room. The rooms in Fountain Court were the spice kitchen. I need a petition started so we can move the toilets to somewhere else, because I think the spice kitchen would be just as interesting as this and probably contain all sorts of apothecary equipment and small stills and so on. But every time I ask they say, no, no, no, we need ladies' toilets. Not so good. Second on the list, if you... There's not much left. See the little scar on the wall there. Door number two, this is Wren's office. Tee in Fountain Court, because there's a cafe where I'm standing. You're stood in what was once Christopher Wren's office. And then down in the far corner is the chocolate kitchen. These yellow marks were our guesses at the start of the project. We were getting quite random, really. We got six there, trying to work out where we thought it was going to be. Charlotte's map finds out that it's that one there. When we walked in there, there was a bit of a quandary, because it was absolutely stacked with dexion, iron-racking, lots of those. And if any of you know about our flower festival, that seemed to be where all the vases went.  Absolutely rammed floor to ceiling. Myself and the other creator, Polly, were thinking, okay, when we get the technicians to move all this, it's a very small room, it's not going to be very easy to explain with just trolling over ideas of how on earth you're going to make this interesting to people. And so fantastically, when we went down the day after the guys had moved the shelving, we found the kitchen was still there. An absolute piece of chance. There is no reason this kitchen has survived for any other reason than it was never in someone's way. No one cared. You still have, if you take the top off the wood there, a set of charcoal stoves. A shelf pierced with slots. It's a spit rack to allow you to hang spits up on the wall. You need spits for roasting chocolate beans if you're going to do that in full drums.  I don't know if you're familiar with these. It's a fan that's up inside the chimney. It's not really the heat of the fire, it's more the draw of the fire. So the air sucked through the room by the hot coal fire, spins the fan and turns the gearing there, meaning that you have a mechanical system burning the spits. The chap that we brought in to have a look at that made two comments. One, it's in fantastic condition, it doesn't look like it was used very much and he says, dear me, I've never seen one geared to spin that fast before. Whether that's a trick to chocolate or not, I've still yet to find out, but we have one of the fastest spinning spits and that would make sense if you have a drum roaster on there. Shelving was still in there and oh you can only just see it, this folding table here is a Georgian wall mounted folding table that someone had just folded down. And there it still was. Hinges were a little bit rusty, but otherwise everything was fine. The room I thought was the chocolate kitchen because I can stand here and tell you why I was wrong turned out to be what they called one of the chocolate rooms. The spaces allotted to Mr Tozier. He was given a two room suite and this was one of them wherein he used it as his home, his office and probably the room in which he set out the dish of chocolate each day. The King's chocolate here probably doesn't do very much at all. His staff do it. They produce chocolate, I'll tell you how in a moment, and then each morning produce one pot of hot chocolate for His Majesty. It's probable that that pot of hot chocolate is brought by his staff down to this room where he stands there surrounded by all the beautiful chocolate pots and cups and goes, hmm, Thursday I think the porceling sets a lovely tray, gets the glass dishes out, puts the biscuits out that go with it and then very unusually because Cook's don't normally do this takes it through to His Majesty. Cook's hand things to Footman and staff but not the chocolate here. He seems to be in a unique position. He has the King's ear. It makes him a very powerful man because he takes that pot of chocolate over to see him each day. When I've thrown this open there were suggestions at another talk. Someone said, well, there's another possibility. Perhaps he was one of the few people who spoke German. Perhaps he just liked to chat. There are many reasons we don't always think of. Now we have the rooms, it's time to fill them. If we're going to interpret them, we want them filled with objects. Currently, and I agree, if we are trying to interpret a room to look as it did, we do not subject artifacts to that space. The environment is not good for them. They are in other exhibitions under cases so you can see that elsewhere. You fill the room with copies which are brand new so they look as they would at that time. I needed to go searching off to see what might have been in a chocolate kitchen. We have wonderful accounts like this one that give us lists of objects that turn up in generic kitchens at the time. We got lucky with accounts of other chocolate kitchens. This one is the Earl of Tankervilles. In the middle there he had himself a wealthy man. He had himself a chocolate chef and luckily in his inventory there's a list of the items that he needed for his chocolate kitchen or what was in there.  Using the system that I normally use you take your written information and cross reference it with images of the time. This is one out of the Royal Collection that we have showing the auctioning off of John Bull's kitchen and then usefully for people like me he's waving around a gridiron I want to know what a gridiron looks like. There's the coal scuffles and shovels and things that one needs to reproduce. That very usefully there is the sort of spit that fits on that gearing system. It has a wheel at the end for the chain to go around. So if you cross reference your written works with your pictorial evidence and then with your archaeology you start to get some idea of what you want. For me this was the best archaeological project we've had. Most of our other reconstructions have been somewhat generic. The Tudor kitchens have nothing left because it's a functioning palace. My kitchens at Q that I worked on had very little. But this one was completely different because we had a assemblage in the store upstairs from the right date from the moat outside where it's all been filled in and it contained a lot of rather interesting little pieces. I've only got three here. This one's a small drug jar arborello, a little pot that you would put spices or such like in. Lots of different fragments of those so lots of different patterns. Lots of handles left over from these little one-handed bowls, little porringes and very possibly a coffee or chocolate cup. There's the handle that would have had a base and then it carries on just a bit like a tulip. So from all of these we were able to see all the items we want and I often put in failure. I just finished commissioning the glass blowers. Beautiful pair of glass blowers who are down the A3 who start with reconstructing the glass for you. So when I said I wanted chocolate kitchen first thing they do is go and look up the constituency of glass from the 1730s and start making that. They asked me, what do you want on your bottles? What's the punt marks? We haven't found anything. I can't verify it. I need plain ones. And just after they finished them we found a GR. Next time I ask for bottles I know what the bottle should have had on the top of them. There were a couple of intriguing little comments about the king's chocolate drinking. One of the problems with the king's chocolate is it his private money. This is not public money. If I was working on the king's main kitchen I can tell you virtually every meal. Cross-reference those with the account books probably tell you what they're paying for oysters Tuesday and February. The king's chocolate kitchen is his own private money no one cares. So there's virtually no inventory of the accounting or the objects coming in. Just a few illusions to what was going on. A couple of chocolate pots silver and gold and a confusing mention of a set of six chocolate frames. I'll have to be scratching my head for a little while. Chocolate frame. Thoughts went down the wrong way to moulds because I know they used to cast the chocolate sometimes into circles and sometimes into the bars. Chocolate frame might be a mould. Then it was a little eye-opener in Albert Museum's collection and The Meck said no, we've got chocolate frames then cup holders and then I realised I'd seen some. I just knew them under the French and Spanish terms of tromblure or mancinero. Do you remember me mentioning that chocolate is dangerous for ladies? Well, this is a way of helping. The tromblure or chocolate frame is that little saucer there with a frame on it. Do you remember our gentleman who spilt the chocolate? We do not want to do that with an 18th century dress. Chocolate is mostly fat. So this little frame keeps that tall cup upright. It doesn't matter what you do, you can be bumped into. You won't spill it over your expensive clothes and we finally found something that wasn't similar but was actually there. So that sent me scuttling off to a lovely little project. There's the ones I found images of. There's a couple of surviving ones. I'd love to actually handle one, still haven't. And that sent me to our workshops where we spent a lovely few days casting and pairing and casting and pairing until finally they produced the chocolate frame that I rather wanted. I very much want one of these and I have to stand before you saying I still haven't saved up the money to get one for myself yet but I think I need one. And this carries on. We were working on the same with the chocolate pots. We had a couple of examples of chocolate pots that were made for them in the English style. These very tall pots, not the bulbous French thought. Wood carvers making the ouch making the handles experimenting with the various shape, their failures and slowly piece by piece bringing up a good copy of His Majesty's chocolate pots. Down on the ground there is the one thing that makes a chocolate pot a chocolate pot. I think I've told too many people this, this is not very good. If you ever see what seems to be an old coffee pot and you fiddle with the knot on the top up here you see there's a hinge there. It hinges backwards and reveals a hole underneath. This mill on Willinello goes in there because as you all know if you have a hot chocolate by the end of the cup it all sinks to the bottom. Well, the particles in 18th century chocolate are quite large. So by the time Mr Tozier has come through three rooms and got the chocolate to His Majesty all he does is pop in the whisk and give it that final flourish before he serves it and brings all the chocolate back up. Now of course everyone I've told is looking at antique shops for those so I haven't got a hope anymore. And we managed to fill Mr Tozier's room once more with chocolate pots and sugar casters, cups little drug jars, each one reproducing the patterns from the archaeological finds. Right down there are the little tulip cups. There's all the hangers back on the poranges. We were rather pleased with the way that all that had gone. It just looks lovely and it's nice to see objects back in their home, not upstairs but downstairs in a store room. Final phase though was to make some chocolate. There's no point in having a chocolate kitchen if you can't finish it all off. This was an immense stroke of luck. This was an evening like this evening only halfway through the project where I'm having a cup of tea outside and met a lovely lady whose work was transcribing the Earl of Sandwich's journals. And we're just chatting away and she's oh I've got the Earl of Sandwich's chocolate recipe if you'd like it. Yes I would rather like that. We got to go and meet the Earl of Sandwich as well. It was a very nice afternoon. Lovely fellow, but how do you take him for lunch? What do you ask him? We took him to the cafeteria and said do you want hot meal or? Sorry sir. But his ancestor, and this is two generations before the famous sandwich he spent £200 sterling on this recipe. So we're back to this fantastic expense and the thing that surprised me was the oils. So this is the smoothest of chocolates. They are distilling the oils of Jamaica pepper, cinnamon and aniseed out so that you don't get little bits. If you put cinnamon in anything there will always be microscopic pieces. This is the smoothest of chocolates. It's absolutely marvellous. We also discovered since this is to make something called master chocolate. You make up this and then you add it so it very much goes in the line of all trades that there are mysteries there are tricks to it all. So where to go? While we're waiting for other people to build the rooms you put cacao beans in a drum roaster. Same system as for using for coffee.  They change sounds slightly because they go papery but you get this wonderful smell of chocolate and then you get a boring job which is why we now think Mr Tozier didn't do it. They have a paper-like skin on so you have to rub that away and you are left. You can now buy these in places like Wholefood with the central kernel, the nib of chocolate and that is pure 100% chocolate. 100% fat which is cocoa butter and it gives the products their beautiful taste. Only now can you go away if I inspire you and try this because 100% chocolate has started to appear back on the shelves. It is not the percentage that you see on chocolate bars. Modern chocolate has had the cocoa butter removed so when you see that percentage 70, 80% that is of half of it. Pure pure chocolate is a completely different animal and needs no other fat than itself and has a beautiful taste. You have to process it and again the other sandwich came up trumps because I've never seen that picture before. The one at the bottom here is quite well-known and well-published is not a woman, he's in fact a man as it says at the bottom and he is using a grinding stone. They saw the natives in South America using these stones and thought that they were entirely for chocolate. They are not, they're just querns. We gave up on saddle querns in Europe quite a long time ago but because they hadn't put two and two together they thought you need these to process chocolate. You put a charcoal stove underneath it and you grind the beans on top even by the time of my chocolate kitchen I was reading recipe instructions where they said you know what you don't really need these. Get yourself an iron mortar put it next to the fire until it is only just tolerable to touch and that will do fine.  Chocolate has no natural sugar it is absolutely beyond bitter.  You still never remember that the first time I do it each year I think that looks nice, no it doesn't. But what you do with that is you scrape it from the stone and put it onto wax paper to form what the recipes describe as cakes. Same as a cake of soap, a lump and it is these cakes which were traded in the shops of London very difficult if you're reading letters and someone said I went to the strand to buy some chocolate cake your brain would go off in the wrong direction they look like huge chocolate buttons and it is those that Mr Tozier is probably taking from his cupboard each day popping two or three into the pot cooking up with water or milk whatever recipe, the different oils or different spices often just vanilla and sugar and making into that hot chocolate as we like playing around if you're going to put chocolate and sugar together and you want that original taste and you spent all this time grinding the chocolate then you really need some original sugar and so I got into trouble because there aren't many places that make sugar loaves anymore and the best place you can get them sadly probably not at the moment is Iran because there are small parts of Iran that still make sugar loaves so you can have them sent to you and that means you're the man that has to go down to Royal Palace Security to explain why there is a box of six cone shaped items from Iran that they would like you to sign for why are you doing that one again the sugar is nice though while we were playing around trying to get the taste right our lovely conservators were working on those rooms I showed you a rather nice kitchen but it did need a lot of work all the wood it needed stabilising a little bit of repair brick work maintaining so they brought the chocolate kitchen back to life and what we didn't want to do with hide it when you have such a unique feature don't hide it don't cover that in things put all the objects in another room because I didn't want anyone to miss the unique survival that we have there's the table put back up so the best place to put the objects was the room opposite the room opposite this shows again just how lucky we are with the chocolate kitchen the room opposite, wow six foot away was the last room to be destroyed in the 1986 fire so one more room and we'd have lost the chocolate kitchen as well so this one had just been replastered in 1986 when the king's apartments burned down has no historical features left in it so it's that room opposite it so you can stand in the middle and look at the original and see how it survived and look the opposite direction and see what's in there I got a lot of fun you mentioned earlier that I designed things so I got to play with designing up based on all the woodwork from the other kitchen all the objects that were coming in to stop that so shelving and cupboards matching the room opposite just reversing everything allowed us to put all the things back so you get to see the two, one and the other if I have any museum people here you might be a little worried though if you haven't done experiments with cooking chocolate there I built myself a stove and I've just said we were underneath the 1986 fire of the king's apartments now beautifully restored this is going to go down badly well I do have to work within the world of modern museums and I can't just go putting a charcoal stove back in so I had the exciting job of designing a set of stoves that would heat up chocolate without having a naked flame so I got an engineering company to build a steel frame cladded all in bricks and that has an element underneath my chocolate stone so that it is complete it's not controllable it is just not dangerous what I didn't have put into it is a temperature control because whoever you cannot turn charcoal down and I wanted the same constraints so this thing just gets hot that's all it does, it just goes up and up you have to move the stone around but at least I can do it in the right space complying with all the legislation and our health and safety man doesn't go absolutely spare that I'm going to burn the palace down again and it was the same thing I've just mentioned I tried desperately to work out how do we present this to people without ruining that space and we went very modern we decided the best thing to do with a room you don't want to hide is to project things onto it on and off so you can see both so some very clever people set up a mock-up of the chocolate kitchen being used with some of our interpreters they filmed that even cleverer men did something called a blue screen and built up the chocolate kitchen that fireplace isn't there this man is trying to work out where the light is going to go this is already being projected on there doesn't exist they're trying to work it all in so that now when you look across you still get to see the room but in a slightly faded image you get to see the goings on of the kitchen without hopefully hiding the original features as we see them and even more subtly and I'm proud of this in the room itself I had this desperate need to reproduce a moving Deedaro that my mother always wanted to do I love the drawings of Deedaro's encyclopedias they would have best explained what goes on in the kitchen and I could imagine a drawing of that kitchen with all the little arrows pointing to the table in the shelves and so what we have is an audio visual I can't play it because it never plays on anything but there's a still from it that draws in all the objects that would have been there there's that spit rack with the spits hanging from it and these appear and disappear with the labels on it so hopefully at no point are we accused of having hidden the original but to those that don't know what they're seeing it explains it rather well so I hope so if you happen to wander down to Hampton Court in the next few years you might stumble across me explaining things to people in the kitchen if I'm not sure when it's happening next year if you get really lucky or unlucky you might stumble into the chocolate kitchen when I'm getting to make some chocolate which is rather fun but even better because of this festive season I've included a note in the corner there which you might want to write down because if you go online and type in chocolate port cook-along I will very happily show you how to make a drink which I recommend for Christmas do not make hot chocolate with milk make it with water like the Spanish used to make it with port it is very good how can it be wrong? chocolate, port, two good things make one better thing I won't tell you how to make it have a look online and enjoy your Christmas thank you very much


Hi everybody My name is Fatia. I'm a cloud architect and I work at numergy as a platform owner For those who don't know Numergy is a French public Cloud we have four data centers located in France The most important thing that you have to Keep in your mind when you think about numergy is that all our data is Located in France and we have one security operating center numergy has An indirect sales strategy So we have over 90 partners those partners who Develop and propose pass and suck solutions on the top of our infrastructure The topic of today is the hybrid cloud the term Keep around a lot and May have many definition for many people and Let's know What we want to say what we want to Do is to try to Give a definition from Reality and the business point of view and we want to talk about numergy and how Or why numergy can be a solution for you to? Deploy your hybrid cloud Why originally when the hybrid cloud term came around it came from the idea to mix two kinds of resource so private resources or private cloud which are Managed by your team on your hardware on your data centers and public clouds Oftenly when we speak or when we think about hybrid cloud We think about it as a solution or as a first step for those who are not really yet to go To export all that a their IT in a public cloud But they want to take advantage of what a public cloud Infrastructure can offer for example the high scalability or the cost effectiveness This can be one use case But not the only one cloud hybrid cloud can be used to as a solution for many Issues for example, it can be a solution to To deploy a disaster recovery plan it can be a solution to deals with dynamic scaling requirements or a lot of staffs Now when we start Thinking about the deployment of hybrid cloud we have to deal with many challenges We can think about Overload the requirements a lot of challenge, but the most important ones are How we can minimize change change in Between different platform is inevitably we will have Differences between different platforms, but the goal is to reduce as much as possible this change The second the challenge is the interconnection we have to deal with the interconnection Between the private cloud and the public cloud and the third thing is the security the security matters now let's fix about Numergy and Why numergy can be a solution for you to build your hybrid cloud? I think the first thing is the open stack open stack in the heart of our platform And they think that in this place in the open stack submit So the last thing that I have to do is to explain why we made the choice to use open stack We all know about those the power of open stack and the scalability of open stack and the the API Standard API of open stack in at numergy. We have two different offers based on open stack We have a virtual materialized platform and we have a virtual data center on which this offer And you will have your own open stack You're in a dedicated platform in a dedicated servers The second strong of numergy is the interconnection When we speak about hybrid cloud one of the most important thing is the interconnection What we can do to interconnect or how we can interconnect the public resources or public cloud The private one So at numergy we made a choice to use Neutron for its flexibility and all what it offers, but also we We use an SDN solution, which is New Age by Alcatel Lucent and in addition of this we developed a numergy made home the solution which is a service VM a Service VM so we'll have one service VM Or one SVM pertinent all the different flow between different subnets and not in one tenant or between different tenants or even with the external Networks will be through the SVM we developed within the SVM the different network services such as Firewall VPN the loud balancing and dot all that stuff So the the mix of new age and SVM Offer us the possibility to have different way to interconnect To different clouds or public cloud and private cloud. We can use a dedicated link. We can Imagine a muti site using an appliance from New age, which is a the gateway and the third and the more sample solution is the VPN Let's just say that new age and the SVM are Used by The Neutron API so we interact with the different services implemented in the SVM over the Neutron API The third thing is the security One important thing at numergy is the security matter so we We made a set of choice at different levels to deal with the security Issues the first one at the networking level So the SDN and the SVM which is a specific and dedicated VM pertinent the second choice is the Authentication layer which is our SSU and the strong authentication and the third thing is our security operations center, which which is Deployed since six months now The another strong of numergy as I said before we have an undirectly sales strategy So we have partners and we work with our partners to deal with the new issues and a new Needs on the hybrid cloud perspective for example We now when we think about hybrid cloud for a lot of persons it is We think about it not only as one private and one public cloud but also Like one private and a set of public clouds It can be useful in the case that we want to to Take advantage of geographical distribution of each cloud or legacy by for example for numergy You are sure that your data is located in France or whatever in such kind of deployment From the IT perspective the most important is to have one point of view to address all the different cloud providers not ever Not matter where your resources is on which cloud it is the most important of the IT Perspective is to have one single point and one way to manage the different resources to deal with The new those new issues and those new definitions of hybrid cloud We work a lot with our partners First example we have with our partner leak by net which Propose a self-deploy application that can be used to deploy your infrastructure on different Different public clouds Another example of the work that we can do with the different partners is the cloud team alliance The cloud team alliance where we can found a different European public cloud and We work together in order to address Business deals from European perspective now Let me show you how numergy platform looks like so Here we can see well, as I said before we have Direct sales Strategy so we work with our partners. So we developed the specific dashboard dedicated to our partners on which they can manage different project Different project if they want they can go directly From this dashboard to the open stack dashboard now, I will Show you one interconnection solution, which is the VPN so here for example we have we want to Deploy or to define a VPN interconnection between this network and another network which is in another tenant so in the VPN I Define the first step the second step Then I define the and from my tenants the network that I want to connect to the VPN and I define the order ends of the connection So I specify the local network of the other tenants the public address and set of staffs and Then you will have your normally you you have to do the same thing in the order side in the order tenant and you will have your VPN app and then we add specific rules for example here We allow ECMP from the local network to the distant network And we add the rule on the policy and on the firewall so thank you for Reaching this talk and if you want to know more or to have more details about how we use the SDN solution or how we use our SVM. We have a talk here tomorrow at 1115 Thank you very much


Coming up on DTNS, what's going on with the ransomware attack on Colonial Pipeline, China floats its version of the GDPR and how machine learning can help soccer. This is the Daily Tech News for Monday, May 10th, 2021 in Los Angeles, I'm Tom Merritt. And from Studio Redwood, I'm Sarah Lane. And I'm the show's producer, Roger Chan. We were just reminiscing about faxing, and I was able to do some quick research and find out I last faxed in 2012. Kids, ask your parents. Get that wider conversation on our expanded show, Good Day Internet. Become a member at patreon.com slash DTNS. Let's start with a few tech things you should know. The National Association of Attorneys General sent a letter to Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg, asking him to abandon plans to launch a version of Instagram for kids under 13. The letter was signed by attorneys general from 44 U.S. states and territories, saying Facebook has historically failed to protect the welfare of children on its platforms. A Facebook spokesperson says that the company has just started exploring the product and is committed to not show ads in it. In an analyst briefing, Sony projected that the PlayStation 5 will remain in short supply throughout 2022. Sony says it has sold 7.8 million PS5 units as of March 31st, and estimates 14.8 million units will have been sold by the end of this current fiscal year. Monthly active PlayStation network users and game sales in the first three months of 2021 declined on the year. A new note by Apple analyst Ming-Chi Kuo claims that the earliest Apple plans to use its own internally developed 5G modems would be in its 2023 iPhone models. Apple, Senior Vice President of Hardware Technologies Johnny Sraoji, told an internal Apple town hall in December of 2020 that the company had begun developing a 5G modem following Apple's acquisition of most of Intel's smartphone modem business back in 2019. Just in time for its declining user base, Clubhouse released a beta of its Android app in the U.S. rolling out globally in the coming weeks. Android users outside the U.S. can pre-register for the beta in the Google Play Store. Clubhouse said the platform will remain invite only for now to keep growth manageable. A very interesting timing there, Clubhouse. The insurance company AXA or AXA said at the request of the French government, it will end cyber insurance policies in France that reimburse victims for ransomware payments, although policies will still cover the cost of recovery. Speaking at a recent Paris roundtable, French cybercrime prosecutor Johanna Brouse said that in 2020, only the USA experienced more ransom attacks than France. And one of the reasons you would do that is to discourage ransomware attacks, which have been consistently on the rise, and of course, one of the most high-profile ones yet took place over the weekend. Colonial Pipeline operates a 5,500-mile pipeline that carries gasoline and other fuels from refineries along the Gulf Coast near Houston, Texas to the east coast of the United States, terminating in London, New Jersey, near New York City. On the average, Colonial Pipeline moves more than 100 million gallons of fuel a day, about 45 percent of the fuel consumed on the U.S. east coast. This past Friday, the company suffered a ransomware attack and shut down the entire pipeline. Now, the attack does not seem to have affected the control systems that run the pipeline itself, but they did the shutdown to make sure that doesn't happen. They wanted to keep it from spreading from its information systems to its control systems. Networks control systems can include things like sensors for readings, valve controls, leak detection, and a whole lot more. Colonial has restored service to some of its smaller lines and is working with federal regulators on a plan for, quote, substantially restoring operational service by the end of the week. Fuel stores on the east coast have been stockpiled in advance of the summer driving season. They get replenished every five to six days. So if the outage lasts longer than that, consumers, like your drivers and airports and factories, may start to notice some shortages. In the meantime, the U.S. relaxed hours of service restrictions for truckers in 17 states. That will allow some flexibility in delivering some fuel by truck. And European traders have provisionally booked six tankers to ship gasoline from Europe to the U.S. east coast if they are needed. Energy companies have risen to be the third most frequent targets of cyber attacks from ninth a year ago. One of the reasons energy systems can be vulnerable is older, unpatched software. Many lag behind on applying security patches because of the cost of taking down the system in a 24-hour energy industry. You never have downtime in the energy industry. Also, the prevalence of working from home has increased the number of users with remote access. That increases the surface area for phishing attacks or an attacker can get into a system by getting a hold of legitimate credentials. So who did it? FireEye is assisting the U.S. FBI in the investigation to try to figure that out. The FBI said Monday it believes the group Darkside is behind the attack. Darkside was noticed about the middle of last year. It has a dark website that includes a mailing list, a victim hotline, and a code of ethics. This is a professional criminal organization. It also includes leaked data from victims that did not pay the ransom on its site and has even conducted a series of press interviews showing off that stolen data. They've been very press-friendly, which is why it's odd that the group had remained quiet about this attack all weekend and is still not responding directly to press increase, which it usually does. It even says on its dark website that it will do so within 24 hours. Darkside posted a statement Monday that said it is not tied to governments and that, quote, our goal is to make money and not creating problems for society. However, in that statement, it did not mention the colonial pipeline attack directly still. So either it's not responsible or possibly the attack was a mistake. Ransomware can sometimes affect unintended targets and Sarah would be odd for Darkside to want to take down a target this big because that attracts unwanted attention. Usually these ransomware operators want to come in, get somebody over a barrel, get the money, and get out before any investigations are involved. And when you shut down a 5,500-mile pipeline that serves 45% of the East Coast, you're going to get noticed. Yeah, no kidding. When the story broke over the weekend, my first thought was like, gosh, my East Coast friends, is there gas panic? And it sounds like, sure, something could get worse pretty quickly. And there are some stopgap measures that some are already in place and trying to figure out how long this is going to go. But that aside, the whole idea of Darkside, the group, whoever the individual or group may be, being press-friendly, having a code of ethics of some kind and being generally known for a certain kind of ransomware attack, it doesn't really add up here. I mean, unless there is some reason that the group was like, you know what, this would be so crippling to so many people in the US that we're going to get this money and get on out of here. And it's turned into a little bit more of a PR fiasco type of a thing. But even then, I don't really buy that either. This is a tricky one.  That is pretty common because even other criminals who do business with a ransomware company have lines and they're like, we don't want you to pay to attack our competitor if you're the kind of operation that kills people. This is not a situation where they're killing people, but I don't know, Sarah, something you said there made me think maybe this was not the reaction they expected. Maybe they did go after Colonial thinking like, yeah, we'll lock up some of their office software, they'll pay us to go away because they don't want it to get worse. And Colonial reacted by shutting down the entire pipeline just to be safe, which may not be what they expected. Well, I would like to pose a question to everyone out there. And you as well, Tom, since you're here, is the switch, the new UMPC? And you're saying, why would you ask me that question? Let me explain. The ultra mobile PC, aka the UMPC was an Intel Microsoft spec back in 2006. I know some of you remember. Now, if you don't remember it, that's because high price devices, underwhelming performance, emerging smartphones at the same time, and also cheat.  The UMPC did not stick around very long, but we're seeing a few devices coming to market today that have a pretty distinct, why do I need a keyboard? I could hold this PC with two hands, UMPC vibe to them. But these aren't top down vendor specifications like UMPC's had. It's crowdfunded startups trying to make a PC version of the Nintendo Switch more or less, both Intel and AMD based devices are claiming to offer triple A gaming performance in a switch like handheld form factor. One of them is the One X player, which is offering up to a core I7 1185G7 with Irish Iris Z graphics with an 8.4 inch 2K screen. Also two fans, two heat pipes, a 15,300 milliamp battery, a built in controller, and an attachable magnetic keyboard, if you so desire it. Meanwhile, the AI Neo offers a Ryzen 5 4500U integrated Radeon graphics with a seven inch multi-touch screen, Wi-Fi 6E support, built-in controllers, 12,300 milliamp battery, and they're both on Indiegogo. So prices changing over time as backing levels fill up, but the One X player that was the first one I mentioned starts around $899. The AI Neo is going for around $788. So you know, they're both sub $1,000 little devices, not just startups either though. Tencent recently patented a similar gaming PC device, and then there's Alienwares UFO concept from CES 2020. Is it still floating around? Might have some legs here. The switch has proven to be an enduring console form factor, but will this ever work as a real PC? Man, yeah, it does. I remember holding the first, one of the first ultra mobile PCs at CES back in 2006, and thinking, wow, this is really cool. It's got windows on it, and I can do a lot of PC things, but it's in a handheld form factor, and I can carry it around with me. And that was the problem. It was a really good demo. It looked cool. It was nifty, but it wasn't usable. And I wonder if that's the case here. The big pitch for these is you've got a handheld form factor, but it's way more powerful than the Switch because we've got these high-level processors. It runs Windows, so it can get any console game. You can get Steam or Epic or whatever game store you want. So you have a much wider selection. You're not locked into the Nintendo ecosystem. And it's got people excited, and that's why they're backing these on Indiegogo because they're like, oh yeah, that looks cool. But in the end, I wonder how many people really want to do that, really want to play a high-level game on a smallish screen. I mean, the Ionio, I think is only 800p screen. Yeah, I'm with you on this.  But I asked a friend of mine this morning that plays a lot of games, and he was like, this is so great. The Switch is great. I love my Switch, but this will offer me access to all the other stores that I cannot access from my Switch. And now that people are starting to travel again or be a little bit more mobile in general, this is the best. And I said, okay, well, what about all the other PC stuff that you could potentially use this for? And he was like, eh, I don't know. Maybe that would be convenient, but it's really more of a gaming thing that I like. I will add it's very much a niche product, but I think Sarah hit the nail on the head with her friend's comments. What the PC has is in a huge library. You go on Steam, you have literally thousands of games that fit that form factor, whether they're old arcade hits, or newer 2D fighters or 3D fighters, or games that are designed for a D-pad and standard control button setup. It's perfect for that. And it's not a broad appeal product, but it's enough to get people on Indiegogo to stump up some money for. And even if you're not going to make millions of dollars, you can make enough money to make the whole exercise worthwhile. Yeah, for each individual company, I think you're absolutely right. I don't think this becomes a common form factor, because I think what happens is as excited as people are to do that, and as novel as it is, and as fun as it is, these games weren't designed for that. Whereas the benefit of the Switch ecosystem is the games are designed to be played on the Switch. And so I think you run into people realizing, yeah, this is kind of fun, but it's way more fun on my big screen with my more powerful PC than it is as fun as it is.  I think the Indiegogo's are already showing that. Protocols. Shen Liu has a review of a new privacy law being proposed in China. A second draft was released in April for public comment, and a final version is expected to pass by the end of the year. It's similar to Europe's GDPR in that it grants consumers the right to know what data is being collected about them and how it is being used. You may not realize that data privacy is as big of an issue in China as it is anywhere else in the world. One of the provisions in the policy would require tech platforms. So Du Yan, which is the TikTok, the company ByteDance operates in China. WeChat, which is the messaging system in China. iQiyi, one of the one of the top video platforms, they would all have to form a committee to review any of the data that they are collecting and how it's handled, as well as publish periodic reports about info protection and they'd have to stop offering any service that misuses personal info. Another provision of this privacy policy in China gives families the right to handle a deceased family member's personal info, including the right to be able to delete accounts. That is interesting because this is a thing that we don't have a lot of policy examples around the world for. So China kind of blazing a trail there. The proposed law also requires opt-in for personalized ads and other things. In fact, without consent personal info can only be collected when necessary to provide services. There's also a chapter on limits for what the state can collect. Personal info cannot be collected by the state beyond what is needed to fulfill statutory duties and state organs must also inform citizens what is being collected and get their consent for that collection. Now, that probably is going to apply in practice to smaller, more local or regional state bodies. There is a broad exemption for the state when informing or consenting would undermine the purpose of the collection, such as a criminal investigation. So party business, surveillance, intelligence, that probably is going to be able to use this exemption. But it is interesting to see that you are having a state applied personal info policy even mentioned in this at all. The family is given the right to handle deceased family members personal info, which would include deleting the count altogether. I feel like for the most part, this is a great idea for everybody. I'm not just talking about China specifically, but there is nothing in here where I go, well, that's a little crazy. That'll never get passed. I mean, this seems well thought out in most cases, putting control into the user's hands where perhaps there isn't enough now. And not that different from, well, when I say like at home, I obviously mean where I live in the US. But yeah, there's nothing too well here. But like you mentioned, Tom, when you were letting us know what's going on, it's like a lot of people think, oh, well, it's different in China. And nobody has, the rights are different. And privacy is totally different because the government's tracking everything that you do. And sure, regionally, lots of places in the world act differently. But the idea that a individual's privacy is of utmost concern and certain companies need to do better to ensure that privacy for a citizen is it's it's pretty fascinating. Yeah, I look at these sort of things as as sort of checks on what is a reaction that's caused by unique circumstances in a particular region and what is our human reaction to technology. And we've talked before on the show about the crackdowns on the technology companies in China getting too large, which is an antitrust issue, which we're also seeing in Europe in the United States and elsewhere in Australia, etc. And now, and now like devoting a lot of time and energy to a privacy policy means that there are a lot of people in China who are worried about the amount of data that big tech has on them. And so the Chinese government is trying to address that, just like there are people worried about that in Europe, hence GDPR in the United States and elsewhere as well. So I think there's some just common things that you can say when we get technology to this point, these are concerns that everybody's going to have no matter which companies are are running the platforms and what what the people in the region, what their traditions are. Hey, folks, would you like a DTNS hat, a hoodie, a mask, a mousepad? No, that's all right. But if you do, we have all that and more at the DTNS store. Go check it out, dailytechnewshow.com slash store, just another way to help out the show. Let's talk about football. Yes, the football that the rest of the world calls football, defending Premier League champions Liverpool and Alphabet's DeepMind published a paper in the Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research. Liverpool gave DeepMind access to data on every Premier League game that the club played between 2017 and 2019. A lot of data there. The scientists also analyzed more than 12,000 penalty kicks taken across Europe in the last few seasons. The scientists were drawn to football because it offers lots of agents present. There's competition and collaborative aspects, but with inherent uncertainty. One of the main use cases outlined is ghosting, training a model on a specific team and lineup to predict how players will react under specific conditions and then overlaying alternative trajectories of predictions on top of actual footage. So this is what happened, but these three other things were likely to happen. The paper also trained a model on how different categories of players approach penalty kicks and predict where they would kick. Apparently, strikers aim for the bottom left, midfielders balance things out more. The data shows that yes, it's best to kick to your strongest side. Other models in the paper estimated what actions contributed to a goal and recommend alternate actions like passing would have been a better option. Another model estimated fatigue and could recommend when to rest players, when to avoid injury, when's the right time for all of that. The idea not to replace human coaches, but to provide assistance, supplementary help to improve pre and post match or even halftime analysis. Deep mind predicting tools should be ready for use on the pitch in the next five years. Yeah, so this is just going over the video enhanced, right? Every sport and every coach and every player is addicted to looking at the video. How are my mechanics? What did I do there? Imagine now, like with the ghosting, you can say like, okay, you took the shot here, but look at what the machine says would have happened if you had a past there or you passed there. Look what would have happened if you took the shot. You can get those kinds of insights into here. Like you said, I don't think this is going to replace the human element. I know that's going to be a reaction to some purist sports fans out there. This is just another tool in the toolbox to say, okay, after the game, before the game, even in halftime, let's look at how we're doing and see if we can pick up any insights and the algorithms can parse through a lot more data than we can. Yeah, and not unlike if you've got, you know, if any team, it doesn't matter which team, but hypothetically, you know, you hire some hotshot statistician and, you know, that person is watching every play and starting to understand patterns. And that is a person who is helping the coaches and the players better understand how to work against this, you know, the opposite team. I mean, that's all sports, right? We're all very used to something like that. So being able to say, all right, all those smart people, still really important. And yeah, teams that have more money might be able to afford better, you know, the best of the best of that particular knowledge base, right? So the AI aspect of it doesn't really change any of that much. I wonder though, just because so much more data is able to be parsed more quickly, you know, on just larger scale, how much that changes the approach that teams have in general, because it's like, all right, now how do we fake them out this much more? Right?  It's like, okay, we can't be too predictable, or the other team is just going to get hip to, you know, hip to the hustle, and they're, you know, they're going to stop us every time. Yeah, they know that we know that they know that they're out of the nose. Right. And so it's, you know, if AI starts to get like, okay, now we're really starting to understand the patterns and that this player, you know, he's, he's always doing it this way, you know, it's, it's, it's always that right foot, or it's always, you know, as a quick sprint to a certain area every time, how you're, there's a little bit more of like smoke and mirrors of what will they do next? Well, and that's one of the cool challenges from, from the computational aspect of this is you're not dealing with is this a cat, which is a vague enough situation, you're dealing with much more collaborative vague situations that can change. And, can you create a system that then takes in the adaptations and incorporates that and says, ah, as we stopped kicking always to the lower left, now the goalie is, you know, moving more to the balanced part, et cetera. So, so there's, there's some, this is a really interesting advance in being able to handle these more human like situations. But in the end, Liverpool, you'll never walk alone. You'll, you'll have the AI ghosts with you as well. That's right. The US FDA has approved a smart cap for insulin pens. The cap from Bigfoot Unity works with an integrated glucose monitoring system to offer recommendations on doses. It's designed for either type one or type two diabetes patients who need multiple daily injections. The cap shows glucose value, a trend arrow, and the recommended dose. This saves having to enter blood sugar data on a separate device to get your dosage. Bigfoot Unity's cap can also upload data and make it available to healthcare providers. At launch, the Bigfoot Unity cap supports the freestyle Libra 2 glucose monitoring system from Abbott. They hope to be able to support the other big one and maybe others. It's compatible with all major rapid and long acting disposable insulin pens in the US as well. I love this. I mean, I, I do not need this personally. Maybe I will someday, but I know people who do. And I, you know, this is a perfect example of emerging technology in the medical fields that will help a lot of folks. Yeah. And just, just making it that much easier to get the right dose, first of all, and to get it faster. So it makes your life more convenient. It's a huge deal. Makes my smart light that I can turn blue on a whim. Kind of silly. This is a smart device. It's actually really helpful. Yeah. The impact might be a little better. We're not saying that your light is a bad thing or anything. They can both exist in this world. Exactly. Yeah. Exactly. Speaking of existing space exists and we keep trying to go there. Here's the latest Canadian engineering firm Geometric Energy Corporation has partnered with SpaceX on SpaceX's launch of its doge one U-class spacecraft also known as a Cube set, which will be aboard a Falcon 9 rocket and go to the moon in the first quarter of 2022. Yes, I said doge one. And yes, it's that doge. The mission is the first commercial lunar payload funded by cryptocurrency doge coin, which SpaceX's commercial sales VP, Tom Ochinero, said was vital in demonstrating how crypto can establish a foundation for interplanetary commerce. There's there's so much puffery in this announcement, but it is also hilarious because dogecoin, you know, such launch, you know, but much funding. I look at this and I think, okay, the analog would be a story. I don't know in the 1400s about a boat that was funded with paper money, this new paper money situation. And now we wouldn't care how it was funded. Instead of like funded with, you know, bricks of, yeah, instead of bricks of gold from the from the king, the finest tea, the queen allowed. Right. And these days, we're like, man, it's really not that interesting how they paid for it. We're more interested where the boat went. And, you know, the same will be true, I think, in the future. Like if cryptocurrency becomes common, we'll look back on it and go like, well, okay, so that was the first one. But, you know, why is that such a big deal? It's like, yeah. I mean, there's monetary value here. You can't, you know, these sorts of things cost money. Okay. You paid for it with crypto. That's, I think that's becoming more and more normal. Yeah. And it is just, and it is a little bit of a dodge because it's like, they just took the money, turned it into dogecoin, and then said they were using that to pay for it. Right. It doesn't help you get to the moon any better. Yeah. It does not affect the mission. Yeah. Well, dogecoin, I look forward to that not being the story of the weekend. I'm still entertained by dogecoin. I have to. I know, I am too. It's just, it's weird enough. It's just weird enough. Let's check out the mailbag. Let's do it. This one comes from Kevin. Kevin is from Milwaukee. It will be spring any day now, Wisconsin. Kevin, we're, we're, we're hoping that for you. Kevin says, finally, something in my wheelhouse. And he's referring to our discussion that we had with Nikki last week about the medical field and MRIs and CT scans and all that stuff that, that medical professionals need to be able to help humans, living creatures, be, you know, best versions of themselves. Kevin says, I rate software for CTs, and we had the Milwaukee Public Museum come to our facilities to scan some mummies. They've done this a few times now, and it lets us use our latest and greatest on something other than a water phantom, and they get some good archaeological images. There are other costs to a CT scan, but the x-ray tubes are the expensive component that degrade with each use. Hospitals will have to replace those eventually. Newer machines are designed to give more coverage on the detector side and more input data and also provide better image quality with less radiation. I could go on, says Kevin, but I won't. Happy to answer any questions that you may have. Yeah. You got some CT scan questions. We'll pass them along to Kevin. Send them to us. Feedback at DailyTechNewShow.com. Thank you, Kevin. I love getting this from people who actually do the work, you know, who are like, yeah, I've got some insight, like from my actual experience. We were, we were scanning mummies. How cool is that that they brought in mummies? Yeah, no kidding. And by the way, if you really are interested, Kevin passed along a couple of links. We have them in our show notes, kind of video and a little bit more information on the mummies scanning, because who doesn't like a scanned mummy? Exactly. Especially the day after mummy's day. Oh man, if you have jokes as good as Tom's, perhaps even better, although I don't think that's possible. You can send them in to feedback at DailyTechNewShow.com. Questions, comments, we will take it all. Love to hear from you. Also, shout out to patrons at our master and grandmaster levels. Today, they include Steve via Darola, Jeffrey Zilx and Tony Glass. Also, thanks to our brand new bosses, Ryan Radiski, Nick Whitworth and Peter. They all started back in us on Patreon. And we thank all of them for it. We have three new bosses today. They are, they are probably one of the better looking people are in their circles because of it, I think.  You just, you're just kind of like, look at me, patron, looking good. People say, oh, did you just get back from Hawaii? You're looking so glowy. Or I don't know, wherever. Yeah. And then I say, no, I'm just pay. I'm just a boss of DailyTechNewShow. Yeah. And they go, oh, that's what it is. Oh, maybe she's born with it. Maybe it's patron. All right, I'm done. We're live Monday through Friday at 4 30 p.m. Eastern 2030 UTC right here on this show. Find out more at dailytechnewshow.com slash live. We'll be back tomorrow with Robert here and talking about OLED calibration, the new high sense value 4k panels and Apple TV's new self calibration tool. Talk to you then. This show is part of the frog pants network. Get more at frogpants.com. Bob, I hope you have enjoyed this program.


Tom here for more systems in this video is one a follow-up to how I started my business and how I Got started in technology and started my company back in 2003 to talk a little about marketing and let you know why I'm not an expert So if that's all you wanted to know is that Tom's not an expert on marketing perfect That's the purpose of this video if you want to know why I'm not an expert keep watching This is actually something that came up a lot where people started DMing me on Twitter and on Facebook going Tom Tell me the secrets of marketing and how you get clients and I'm like Hi, I'm Tom from YouTube and that's mostly how we get clients here in 2020 Therefore that does not make me positioned in 2020 to be the expert on it I have plenty of videos that I've done in the past where I've talked about how I do it And that's what this is a little bit of a breakdown is what I've done in the past But that's different than what we're doing today And we'll start with and I'm not going to throw my ad roll But YouTube being the inbound lead system that it is usually is because I throw an ad roll in here that says and I'm Sponsoring myself essentially going hey if you want to learn more about me in my company head over to Lawrence systems calm There's a hires button right at the top. You've watched any of my videos. You've heard that so head over to my Lawrence systems calm If you want to hires for project, but that project can't be marketing because it's not my field of expertise Over here. This is over in a Facebook group called the IT business owners group It's a private group. I'm not sure how you join. I think if you Google it it bug.org they have something I don't know. I've been a member for years. I'm belong to many Facebook groups but this came up and This was like one of those things that pops up in your memories and things like that And it's because I was doing some public speaking events and public speaking is probably the key I would say to how I got where I am and public speaking was something we did and this is a post I had in this group from just last year And it's related to this photo. That's me in the background I know it's kind of small but I'd worked with some credit unions to do these public speaking events So exciting seeing my photo at the bank and it's not on a wanted poster, you know, start out with a little humor But in all seriousness, this is part of how I generate leads through doing speaking events by providing value to people I have been doing my protecting digital you talk for a number of years And I am doing it again with the upcoming small business conference hosted by the local credit union and this and you know Is one of the keys to my business. I've never spent a ton on marketing marketing is really challenging I am not an expert at it. So I will to absolutely tell you if someone says spend this much of marketing and get this result And there's some marketing company that can do some proven results on that They might be right and Tom could be wrong that I could have grown the business faster If I had a better strategy around Facebook ads Google ads and things like that I had a few people asking what percentage do you put into marketing? Well From 2018 till right now I get paid to market because I do monetize my YouTube videos Got a link for that I can leave below where I talk about money and income we make from YouTube and the Revenue services from affiliate links. I don't hide that that is technically if you want to look at YouTube because that's our inbound Lead system. That's how we do marketing and if you want to know how hard marketing is spend any time in any form on Facebook any form that deals with technical people in the MSP space like reddit r MSP and do a search for lead generation and you'll find a ton of discussions There's not just one way to do it all the ways to do it have levels of difficulty building a YouTube channel is not something I would say is easy either so as if you wanted to follow my pattern and go Hey, I want to produce a YouTube channel is that's my inbound lead system and Tom did it I can do it too. I think anyone can do this It's just a matter of all these take a lot of effort and a lot of time and there's no one right path Public speaking was what worked for me for years. How did I get into public speaking?  I like talking about deeply technical issues on YouTube I like getting up in front of crowds of more of a general audience usually business owners I'd worked with several banks to pull off like the one that was just listed right here turns out if you're Put together good, you know Engaging talks and people want to talk about security. You're not looking down at them I bring it up a lot because this is a technical problem a lot of people have where they talk over people and go deeply technical No, I have a lot of very practical talks I put together that we're engaging and easy for people to follow who were not in the tech industry But we're effective and I did so without any sales pitch That's a really important thing. I came out there and just dropped knowledge on people I'm still doing that here on YouTube While I say yes YouTube is a way I do inbound marketing to get my name out there You'll find a lot of my tutorials and this one for example Is you really want to call it a tutorial? It's more of me just talking about marketing. There's no ask here I have nothing to sell you. I will make a few dollars literally dollars for maybe making this video But that's it. There's not I'm not always out here trying to make a buck and people realize when you are So if you're paid engagement or free engagement that you do for public speaking and many of them I did for free Because it was just a good opportunity to get in front of a lot of people or participate in a Chamber of Commerce or business Organization where they have people that come up and get out in front there I never mentioned anything more than hi I'm Tom from Lawrence Systems and that was the last time you heard my company name until the very last end Where it says how do you get a hold of me Tom at Lawrence Systems? Here's my company information and contact info By the way, if you try to get a hold of me that way now here in 2020 because I have too many people trying to contact me That won't necessarily work. We have a form now. We direct people to our website But either way same concept we direct people to our website So once you come up with a few of these ideas and put these speaking engagements together and maybe that works for you This is what ended up working for me. Now This is the bigger picture though If you want to talk about this entire space of IT and MSP clients are hard to get no matter Which path you choose the other thing you can find a ton of discussion about on any of these forums and This is one that popped up last night and not because these for some of these forums are private So I'm not going to share the discussion, but it was about purchasing other businesses This is probably the number one way that I have seen these companies grow fast. So any of the large I'm talking thousands and thousands of customer large IT companies I've met and talked to the owners and one of them was posting in or now who's quite big Acquisition is flat answer like hey, what what did you do to acquire? You know this many customers and this many endpoints that you manage their answer is pretty universally acquisition And that was the most common way if you probably were to take a poll of any large MSP any ones I've talked to acquisition is the One key factor and the reason why is like using us as an example Many of our clients local speaking did bring in a lot of clientele and over time We've been in business for 17 years now and they've just been a clients We've acquired some of them since the very beginning When I started my company before we offered, you know managed services and we brought them along with us to the managed services plan So once you've just longevity at some point if I were to retire from their business Someone would then probably acquire my business if there wasn't a transition and then they would add it to the collective So to speak of all the other companies they have purchased in that pool That is one of the reasons that there's a lot of value in this space and you'll see a lot of offers matter of fact When it's funny because this came up in my memories in Facebook I had flown down to an event over with MSP 360 on my plane ride down there to the big Connectivize event I sat next to someone that's all their company did and this person was the negotiator It was great conversation on the plane I had with them That's all he did was negotiate terms of sale to companies once they reached a certain number of clients and or endpoints His company which was a very large MSP He would fly down there And it's what he was doing is got not more people to hang out an event to figure out who was ready to sell their client base So there's a lot to marketing. I'm not an expert on it. That's why I did this video It's going to be hard work no matter which path you choose and for those couple other offshoots that do get asked a lot like Hey, Tom, what about this company? It claims they can line me up with you know, essentially connect you with people I don't know. I've never used any of those paid services. I don't have any recommendations for any of them So this video is kind of a response for all those people that deem me I'm just gonna fire off this video when you ask about marketing our current inbound lead system is 100% YouTube I technically spend $0 on marketing other than all the time and effort which I do Admit does have a very big time cost To put together a studio and do all these videos that I do so my cost of marketing is the cost of my time And it kind of was a natural evolution public speaking leading to YouTube Why you can only fit so many people in a room you can scale up quite a bit better with video And it seems to be a great way to engage with people. So there's my thoughts on MSP marketing Just want to qualify it like I did beginning not an expert on it But I am an expert on lots of other things that you can hire us for and head over to our website So back to my how I actually can generate leads and get clients. All right, thanks And thank you for making it to the end of the video if you like this video Please give it a thumbs up if you'd like to see more content from the channel hit the subscribe button and hit the bell icon If you like YouTube to notify you when new videos come out If you'd like to hire us head over to Lawrence systems calm fill out our contact page and Let us know what we can help you with and what projects you'd like us to work together on If you want to carry on the discussion head over to forums not Lawrence systems calm Or we can carry on the discussion about this video other videos or other tech topics in general even suggestions for new videos They're accepted right there on our forums, which are free Also, if you like to help the channel in other ways head over to our affiliate page We have a lot of great tech offers for you and once again, thanks for watching and see you next time