Income tax 2022-2023, taxable refunds, credits, or offsets of state and local income taxes, tax software example. Let's do some wealth preservation with some tax preparation. Support Accounting Instruction by clicking the link below, giving you a free month membership to all of the content on our website, broken out by category, further broken out by course. Each course then organized in a logical, reasonable fashion, making it much more easy to find what you need than can be done on a YouTube page. We also include added resources such as Excel practice problems, PDF files, and more like QuickBooks backup files when applicable. So once again, click the link below for a free month membership to our website and all the content on it. Here we are in our example, Form 1040, populated with LASERT tax software. You don't need tax software to follow along, but it's a great tool to run scenarios with. You can also get access to the Form 1040 related schedules and forms at the IRS website, irs.gov, irs.gov. The starting point we typically start at is going to be that single filer, Mr. Anderson, no dependents, 100,000, even W2 income. And then we've got the 12,950 standard deduction getting us down to the 87,050 for the taxable income, mirroring that on our tax worksheet in a formula format, 100,000, 12,950 standard deduction, 87,050, depending on the software then. To do the calculation, page two, 14,774.  Now our major objective is looking at page one, the calculation of the income. Now thinking about and imagining, we got a Form 1099, usually a form indicating that we might have to include something in income, a 1099G. That's going to be indicating that we got a refund from the state. Now again, this is an unusual form to think about as income because it's like, well, wait a second. It's a refund of me overpaying, meaning, for example, if you thought about it on the federal side of things, if I overpaid my taxes for the federal income taxes in 2021 and got a refund, it's not like I'm going to include that in income in 2022. It was an overpayment that now they're compensating for. It's a refund. So why would I have to include a refund on the tax return on the state side of things? So a couple of things just to kind of get the groundwork now that we're looking at a form is that one, the federal income tax is different from the state taxes. A lot of people confuse those two things. The federal income tax is designed. The federal government should be separate from the duties of the state government. You have a separation of duties there. The federal government's primary goal is to keep us safe having a military. Military. Exactly. That's designed to do that. That's the general objective, the primary objective of the federal government. The states then are supposed to be taking care of their state needs, including all the state obligations like the police and whatnot on the state level. So the federal government uses a federal income tax, which is of course what we're focused in on here. The states, however, should have their own sovereignty to tax however they want. They don't have to mirror the fed government. And in fact, having different states tax in different ways is our testing ground. It allows us to see which tax systems are working out better and worse. We can actually look at them and say, okay, what is this actually doing? So, but then you have this kind of kind of convolution between the federal and the state, meaning we're able to deduct some of the state taxes on the federal tax return sometimes. Now, I think this was if we can design the tax from scratch again, then I wouldn't include this. I don't think this was a good idea to add, but it's one of those things that you can't really pull out or change once included because people have been making decisions based on that already. So that's what we have put in place. Now, the state tax deductions then will only be applied if they have an itemized deduction. So remember down here that we've got the bigger of the itemized or the standard deductions. We'll talk about itemized deductions later, but let's just look at the Schedule A for now to try to make sense of this income 1099G. If we go to the Schedule A, let's imagine last year in 2021, this person, Mr. Anderson, had itemized deductions. If they got a benefit from them, they would be here under the taxes you paid. Now, the taxes you paid, it used to be that it was only the income tax that you kind of got a benefit from, which obviously is a subsidy to the kinds of states that have income taxes, like California and New York, and obviously is a disincentive to states that choose to tax in another format, like a sales tax or something. So then, of course, they changed that and said, okay, now we're going to give you a deduction. Try to give you an itemized deduction, no matter what kind of tax that you on the state level determined to do to try to kind of equalize the playing field. So now you've got the state taxes that might be deductible on the federal side of things. If you're in like California, that would typically be the state income tax. So when you figure out your taxes, you, of course, in 2021, last year would be figuring out your federal taxes and also thinking about how much you paid in state taxes. If you're itemizing, you might be able to deduct on the federal tax side of things the state taxes that you're paying basically on a cash-based type system when you paid them. Now then you can imagine, of course, in 2022, just like on the federal income tax side, on the state income tax side, you might have overpaid because it's a complicated tax system. It has a progressive tax structure. So it's not going to be perfect. You will have overpaid most likely and therefore they're going to give you a refund. That refund then is the thing and that's where the question comes in. You might also get a 1099G then saying that you got the refund and that's the question, well, do you have to include it in income in 2022 when you got the refund? And you might think, well, no, why should I have to do that? It's a refund, but you got a deduction. That's where the problem is. If you got a deduction for it, then you would think that if they refunded part of it, one of two things would happen. You would have to amend the tax return for 2021 to remove the part that you got a deduction for that was refunded to you, or you can just say, okay, whatever you got refunded, I'm just going to include as income in the period I got refunded it. So that kind of makes sense, right? We're trying to correct for the fact that we might have overdiducted in the prior year by including it in income in the current year. So that's the general scenario. So the bottom line then would be, well, if you got a 1099G, then you want to look at the prior year tax return. If this was a new client, for example, and you're not rolling over the software for the prior year, you have a copy of the prior year return, hopefully, and you can say, well, did they do an itemized? Is there a schedule A in the prior year? If there's not a schedule A, then you're probably not going to, it's not going to be included in income, right? Because there's no schedule A in the prior year. They didn't get a benefit. That's pretty straightforward. If there is a schedule A in the prior year, then it gets more messy because they may have gotten a benefit. Plus benefits. From the payment, but there's exceptions, right? Because the question is, well, how much of a benefit did they get from that portion of the refund? And that's where it gets messy, and that's when the software comes in to be helpful. So for example, if you've got that form, you might then say, okay, let's jump on over to the schedule one. Here's the tax refunds. So if I just jump on over there and go to my 1099G and say this was a state refund, state refund, and I say that this is going to be state and local tax refund, and let's say I got whatever $1,000 refunded, and I just plug that in. If I jump back on over, that might not populate here. It's not populating. Why? Because the software doesn't know if I got a benefit from it last year. It doesn't know if I got a benefit. This often confuses people because they say, well, if I got a 1099G and I entered it in the proper area on the tax return, it should pull over. Well, the software is saying, well, I don't know if it should pull over because I can't tell if you got a benefit from it in the prior year. Now, if you're using the same software from last year to the current year, then hopefully the software will be able to know whether or not you got a benefit, and it'll help you out with that calculation. If you have a new client, then you can basically say, well, if it's an easy tax return, I can see that they didn't itemize last year, so I'm not going to go through the problem of entering the data into the 2021 tax return and rolling over. I'm just going to say, yeah, I entered that in and it didn't pull over. That makes sense because they didn't have a benefit last year anyways, so no problem. No problem. However, if I look at the last year tax return and they did itemize, they have these itemized deductions that are greater than the standard deduction, I would suggest that instead of just starting that new client entering it into 2022 tax software, you might think about entering it into 2021, which is more costly maybe because maybe you have to pay for a 2021 return in order to populate it, but it might be worthwhile to do and then rolling it over to 2022, so the software can then do some of these calculations automatically as you roll the information forward. So I'm going to imagine, let's imagine last year that they did itemize. Let's imagine, for example, let's mirror it this time. What are the things that usually pull people over to itemizing? We'll talk about this more later, but they're going to be, if I go to the itemized deduction, if they own a home, if they own a home, then they might have interest on the home, home mortgage interest. So let's add the home mortgage interest, and we'll talk more about these later, but let's just say it was significant, like 20,000 in the home mortgage interest, and let's say their taxes were, let's say the real estate taxes were, let's say, let's say 6,000. Now then they would also have state taxes, which if you were populating, if I was doing like a California return, I would also be calculating the state taxed at the same time, and it would help me to pull out and determine that, or it'll give me the taxes that are being calculated for the sales tax using a table, or I can populate the sales tax. So now I'm going to say, okay, well, they're itemizing possibly, if I pull this on over to page one, they're over the standard deduction. So okay, oh, they're itemizing. So that would be, I would think, then it's much more likely that that state refund would have to be included in income, which would look something like this. So now I've got the state tax refund included here, and on schedule one, and if I pull that back on over to the 1040, now I've got the 100,000 here, and then I've got the 1,000 pulling in from the taxable income, and then we've got our itemized deductions. Now we're at the 73, 983, and so on. So notice I basically made an override forcing the 1,000 to pull in on the software here. Again, in practice, I would think the best theory, the best practice to do is if you have an easy tax return, one in which they didn't have a schedule A last year, then you could maybe just start your tax return in 2022 and just go forward. If you have a more complex tax return, and so for example, if someone had a schedule A, I would typically do the practice of putting that and mirroring the same data input for that new client in 2021 tax year to match what the data input was so I can then roll it over to 2022, allowing the software to help me with some of those worksheets to determine if they got a benefit from things like the state taxes and other kind of rollover kind of components. That might cost more to do that, but that gets you off on the right foot, I think from the first year going forward. So I think that's worthwhile to do oftentimes for more complex tax returns, because again, you could imagine, like if they itemized last year, you might say, well yeah, they got a benefit from it because they've got this taxes that they deducted here on the schedule A, but remember if the taxes are high enough, let's imagine the state taxes are like 12,000, let's say, and then I pull this over, now there's gonna be a cap of 10,000. So now there's a cap. So now there's a question of well yeah, the amount that refunded may not have impacted the amount I got a benefit from because there's a cap of 10,000 on it. Or you can imagine a situation where I'm just barely getting over the itemized threshold, right? So if I could have gotten a standard deduction of in this case 12,950, and then I just barely got over to itemizing because my itemized deductions including the state taxes happened to be $13,000, well then I didn't really get a benefit, I only got a benefit of like $50 added. So if my state tax refund or the state tax deduction was like $2,000 or whatever, I really only got a benefit of it of like $50, right? You could see where these problems come into play and how it can be a complicated worksheet to actually drill down on how much benefits you got. So what you want to have an idea is the general theory and then use the software and see that the software and double check deconstruct what the software is doing. If the software then calculates and says, well only half of the tax is being included in schedule one. As long as you didn't overwrite it, then you can say okay, does that make sense and deconstruct it? Why does that make sense? Well yeah, because they hit the cap on the schedule A last year. So that means that some of the state taxes, they didn't get a benefit from the deduction and whatnot. That's the general idea of the thought process that you might think through when you get that form 1099G. The basic thing that you would tell the client would be, I got a 1099G, do I have to include it in income? Or they might ask, you might do the tax return and they say, hey look, I got a 1099G and you didn't include it in income, you should have because I got a 1099G and your response is, well no, you're only going to include it there if you got a benefit from it last year and if you didn't itemize, you didn't get a benefit. The only reason they gave you a 1099G is because they don't know if you got a benefit from it or not and that's the reason it wouldn't be there if it wasn't there or something like that, right?


Broadcast intercepted. SCP Foundation protocol 6-8-2. Vale Alpha. News. An attack on the city of London, England. An unknown creature has laid waste to the city. These new shots are coming in as we speak. We do not know the full situation, but we will keep you up to date as n- A message from the SCP Foundation. For your safety and security. The city of London is under attack. The attacker is a creature named SCP-682. SCP-682 has several anomalous abilities, including the capability to shape-shift into a variety of forms, rapidly heal from any injury, and adapt to any situation it is in. As such, there is no way to defend yourself from SCP-682. Instead, you should remain inside and stay safe. The SCP Foundation will inform you when it is safe to go outside again. Repeat, do not go outside. Shelter from SCP-682 inside, you will be told when it is safe to go outside again. This station will now be limited to broadcasts by military, government and SCP Foundation sources own. Other telecommunication networks and frequencies may also be used by these officials. Please remain calm and wait to be conducted by military, government or SCP Foundation officials. The SCP Foundation wishes all civilians good luck and God speed. Secure. Contain. Protect.


Member Statements. I recognize the member from Bruce Gray and Sam. Thank you, Madam Speaker. As most of you know, today is World Alzheimer's Day. Alzheimer's is a debilitating and irreversible brain disease that robs people of memory, feelings and independence. Yet, a Canadian is diagnosed with Alzheimer's every five minutes. And it's just not those diagnosed or living with Alzheimer's who suffer, Madam Speaker. It really hurts the family and their caregivers too. I can share in a personal that my mother-in-law Dorothy is in the early stages and my aunt Helen and Uncle Russ have been both inflicted as well as a number of family friends. It is heart-wrenching to watch how this debilitating disease impacts the person and their families. It's estimated that caregivers and families spend about 100 hours every month caring for their loved one with everyday tasks, including cooking meals, bathing and dressing them. As this can be quite overwhelming, it's important we give them the proper supports. The number of people who are diagnosed with dementia is increasing. As baby boomers age, we will witness a dementia crisis within our healthcare system. So while there is unfortunately no cure today, all of us want to unite against dementia and to find a cure so we can create a brighter future for all who are impacted by or at risk of Alzheimer's disease and dementia. I'd like to recognize the Alzheimer's Society of Ontario for its dedication in supporting those living with Alzheimer's, their families and their caregivers. As well, I'd like to commend Deborah Barker, recently retired Executive Director, Stephen Musel, current Executive Director, and the staff, board members and volunteers of Alzheimer's Society of Graber's team who have been honored to support over the past number of years. The support provided by everyone involved with Alzheimer's is quite remarkable and we need to offer them our greatest gratitude and thanks. Thank you Madam Speaker. Dear further member statement, the member from Windsor to come see. Speaker, we in the Windsor area have lost a champion of our local arts, cultural and academic community. Lois Metic was an amazing woman who came to the University of Windsor in the 60s to teach English. She was well known and highly regarded for her passion and commitment to the arts. She was the first female dean at the University of Windsor and a founding member of the Friends of Women's Studies. Lois chaired the board at Assumption University and was president of the Art Gallery of Windsor for many years. She was a scholar, a volunteer, a donor, a benefactor, a friend, and a feminist. When nurse Lori Dupont was murdered at one of her hospitals, Lois Metic was part of a group of women who fought to change workplace protection laws in Ontario. Speaker, I last spoke to Lois a few months ago at a concert at Assumption Hall when my first legislative page, Evan Tanovic, was conducting a choir and orchestral piece he wrote entitled The Assumption Mass. Lois was part of the program and was so very impressive that evening. She loved to garden. She was bitten last month by a mosquito and became the third person from the Windsor area to die from the West Nile virus this year. It's a sad and tragic ending to a talented individual who gave so much of herself to better our community in so many ways. Rest in peace, Lois, and thank you for everything you've done for the Windsor area. Thank you. We recognize the member from Truny Spadina. Thank you, Madam Speaker. It's a privilege to represent the writing of Truny Spadina, and I'm very delighted to speak about yet another great project taking place in my writing. On September 13th, I joined several community members and city officials to break ground at a new multi-use facility next to Canoe Landing Park in Cityplace, also known as Block 31. What is now Earth will become the Bishop, McDonnell, and Jean Lam Elementary School with a combined capacity of 1,100 students. This center will be a shared facility between Toronto Catholic and Public District School Board. The space is planned to integrate perfectly with Canoe Landing Park to the West, and the roof will host a plentiful green space. Couple with schools will be a daycare center, a facility capable of accommodating 54 students. Coming fall 2019, this $67 million dollar structure will serve Toronto's increasingly vertical communities. I'm proud this project has begun. Not only does our city need more childcare facility, but more opportunities to encourage young families to live, work, and stay in city place. Madam Speaker, Toronto remains a city of all to enjoy from the youngest child to seniors, and a project like this is great news to my community. Thank you. Give further statements. I recognize the member from Halibur and Corortha Lakes Bronx. Thank you Madam Speaker. I rise today to pay tribute to Donald John Crow, a true giant, gentle giant from my riding of Halibur and Corortha Lakes Brock. He passed away suddenly this month. Don was the eldest son of the founders of Corortha Dairy, who started this proud and successful local business in 1937 in Bob Cajun. Don opened the company's Minden location with the help of his loving wife Opal, to whom he was married for 51 years. As the patriarch of the family, Don played an important role in the lives of his five sons, ten grandchildren, and three great-grandchildren. He will dearly miss them and everyone that knew him. I knew Don since I was a young girl. He was literally the friendly milkman, delivering milk to your door, then moving to delivering to our family grocery store. Whether it was mentoring local business people or contributing to charitable causes, Don was always ready to help his neighbors. Many businesses' owners will tell stories about Don helping them when they were just starting out, by giving them a fridge or a freezer, and telling them to pay him back when they could. He was everyone's mentor, trusted everyone, had a great sense of humor and a twinkle in his eye. This selflessness was reflected in Don's lifelong membership in the Minden-Kinsman Service Club, where he was actively involved in serving his community without ever seeking recognition. And true to form, Don was giving to the very end, having donated his organs to help others. Don, your family, and many friends will miss you, but will always appreciate the time they spent with you and remember you whenever they eat, Quarthaderie ice cream. Rest in peace. Thank you for the statements. I recognize the member from Algoma, Manitula 9. Before I start my statement, I would like to ask consent to wear my Indigenous circle pin that I have got on. I'm having a little bit of a struggle taking it off. Members have the pin delivered to them shortly next week. I heard the member from Algoma, Manitula, seeking unanimous consent to wear the pin. Agree? I hear agree. Okay, I recognize the member. Thank you, Speaker, and thank you. They're everybody's for their understanding. You hear this. If we're quiet, just for a little bit. You feel that heartbeat. You feel it. It touches you. And part of that heartbeat was at the Mississauga First Nation Pall Grounds, where they came to life over last weekend when I was up there on behalf of the Thinking Rock Community Arts, a play, a sketch that was organized and created for the good people of Central Algoma, from Guinobajing to Boateng. The play was entitled The River's Speak. The River's Speak. The story was about a young boy and his travels through his life from adulthood as a child to adulthood to becoming a parent. And his engagement that he had with the colonial people when they came in was a fantastic play. But what was really challenging was how it challenged an individual to think about how important water is to all of us. And the message that I took back to this, from this play, is water is life, and we need to remember that. Thank you. I recognize the member from Etobicoke North. Thank you, Speaker. On behalf of the Hindu community and the multicultural community of my own riding, Etobicoke North, Hindus across Ontario and the country will be celebrating the auspicious festival of Navratri, the Hindu festival which runs from September 20th to September 30th. Navratri is one of the most significant festivals, lasts for nine days, and devotees wake up early, bathe, pray to nine forms of the Goddess Durga to seek her divine blessings. The word Navratri itself, nava meaning night, spread over nine nights and ten days, is one of the most sacred festivals in Hinduism. And devotees, as I mentioned, worship the Goddess Durga or Shakti which represents the energy of the universe in her many various forms. The nine most holy days are, of course, a time for celebration, prayers, abstinence from food and thanking the Almighty for blessings. Navratri are the nine sacred days mark the most auspicious days of the lunar calendar according to Hinduism, and it's a festivity speakers you will know being from Scarborough yourself. It is a celebration engaged by many and very people in Ontario and very, very vigorously. All the nine days of the festival are dedicated to each distinct avatar of the Goddess, and each of these days has a significant color attached to it. Speaker, I, along with you and all members of this house, wish the Hindu community a happy Navratri. Thank you for your statement. I recognize the member from Perry Sound, Ms. Gropa. Thank you, Madam Speaker. I rise and host today to recognize a dedicated group of constituents whose hard work and progressive vision have given rise to a remarkable community initiative called the Tree Tops Community Forest. Since 2015, this group has been actively fundraising to purchase 2.3 acres of natural forest adjacent to Perry Sound's new public school. The land will be used for naturalized wilderness park complete with a loop trail named a memory of Finn Bywater, a local young explorer. The park will be open to the community and will also be used by local schools for outdoor education. Driven by the community, this project saw support from local individuals, businesses and municipalities. Dedicated volunteers helped organize more than a dozen fundraisers. Many of the fundraisers simultaneously promoted active living, such as the Franklin Challenge that saw more than 80 paddlers complete a 20 kilometer circumnavigation of beautiful Franklin Island on Georgian Bay. In late August of this year, Tree Tops Community Forest reached its $200,000 goal through its last fundraising event, Bike McKellar, which had 40 cyclists registered in three distances. I stand here today to recognize this unique initiative and heartily commend co-chairs Zach Crafts and Nicole Collins, as well as the entire organizing committee, all of whom have successfully seen this vision through. The Tree Tops Community Forest is a powerful illustration of how committed individuals can strengthen their entire community and create something that will continue to have an impact long after they're gone. Thank you, Madam Speaker. Thank you for your further statement. I recognize the member from Eglinton Lawrence. Thank you, Madam Speaker. Today I rise to recognize the beginning of Rosh Hashanah, the Jewish New Year. This holiday, also known as the Head of the Year, began yesterday a sundown and marks the start of the Jewish High Holidays. Rosh Hashanah begins the High Holidays, or 10 days of penance, which end with Yom Kippur. This holiday is celebrated in many ways, lighting candles, festive meals, food like apples, halibut bread, pomegranates, dipped in honey, and pomegranate seeds, prayer and services, and the sounding of the shofar used to call everyone to penance. I also want to wish, as I do every year, my good friend Mel Korn and his family as they celebrate Rosh Hashanah. And Mel is a son of Holocaust survivors, and he, along with many other Holocaust survivors, find this time of the year very sensitive as they reflect back and all their parents, grandparents, they were killed during the Shoah and murdered in cold blood. So as much as they look ahead to the New Year, they look back to see how many of their relatives were never able to experience any new year because of the horrific Shoah that occurred back in the 30s and 40s. So I say to Mel Korn and his family and all the Jewish constituents in my writing and across Ontario, Shana Tovah, and may this year coming ahead be a sweet one. Thank you, Madam Speaker. Give further statement, further statement. I recognize the member from Whitby Oshawa. Thank you, Speaker, and I rise today to recognize the 50th anniversary of Durham College in my writing. The catalyst for the creation of Durham College occurred in 1967 when the Minister of Education at that time, the Honorable Bill Davis, introduced legislation that established the community college system. This represented a substantial shift in the structure of post-secondary education in Ontario. On September 18, 1967, Durham College was officially launched with 205 students across 16 portable classrooms offering courses such as business or applied arts. Today, the College has more than 11,000 full-time apprenticeship in post-secondary students, nearly 800 faculty and staff, and offers 140 academic programs. Speaker, this milestone is a remarkable achievement, but also a testament to the hard work and vision of the College's students, staff, and leadership over its history. Speaker, like most community colleges in Ontario, the institution is adapted to the changing times and is driven to offer innovative classes and programs that align with Ontario's labor demand and help narrow the existing skills mismatch. Speaker, here's to another 50 years for Durham College. Thank you. I want to thank all the members for their statements.


The President of the United States and of Mrs. Reagan. Ladies and gentlemen, will you remain standing as we seek God's blessing and have the Pledge of Allegiance to our flag, and both will be led by the Honorable Donald Hodel, Secretary of the Interior. On this earth and that we have an even shorter number of productive years in which to serve you, open our hearts and minds to your guidance and inspiration in that. Additional introduction, and on my right, Mrs. George Hearn, the spouse of the President of Eureka College, Mrs. Hearn. You know, I think occasions such as tonight are truly one of the most noble, and I used to tell foreign consultants who came to our shore that perhaps only in America, and I say that with pride, do we come together in our diversity because we are unified in the broad principles that bind us. And tonight, and at some time, to these cause after cause after cause. So I said, Virginia, don't have to worry. He's going to be totally a name on a masthead, just an honorary chairman. He accepted. And then I'll have dedication to young people, to the youth, to the very future of our society, to our peoples, and to our republic. I first met Nancy Reagan before the 1980 campaign. She probably doesn't remember that ocean and a dinner. And we had been given a rather challenging goal, which I found awesome at the time in that 1980 campaign as it was inaugurated. She plunged ahead and we more than succeeded our goal. Who wants to tell you about a crusade for the presidency? We didn't meet our goal.  I know what it means when Nancy Reagan puts herself into the causes which she holds women in Eureka College. So this is an antique quilt, which was found for us by Georgie Packwood, who knows how to go out and find antiques. And it's quite old. I understand it's never been washed, which is its patina. And that is just to say our very heartfelt thanks. I think she truly does you the 24th president of Eureka College, Dr. George Hearn. Mr. President, Mrs. Reagan, distinguished guests, several weeks ago I received a letter from members of the First Christian Church in Dixon, Illinois. Honored to present Eureka College's most distinguished graduate, President Ronald Reagan. Thank you very much. Thank you, President George Hearn and President of Eureka. Thank you, everyone, here tonight and all of you who are doing so much. We're here for something that Nancy and I hold close to our hearts. Eureka's Reagan scholarships. Please forgive me if I reminisce for a few moments because you could just be bathed in warm nostalgia. Whenever I think of Eureka, I am filled with nostalgia for that campus, Neath the Elms.  And something about that school doesn't seem to leave you at all. Everything good that has happened to me in the years since had its beginning there, as well as for so many others. It was a wonderful time in my life that wasn't all taken up on the football field, although I did let football and other extracurricular activities eat into my study time. And as a result, my grade average was closer to the C level required for eligibility than it was to straight A's. I think someone told me to my surprise that I wound up with a B minus. So when I got that honorary degree that Eureka gave me some years ago, I told the audience that it only amplified a sense of grief or shame that I had felt for many years because I always had had the sneaky suspicion that that first degree they gave me was honorary. Now, I learned a lot at Eureka and not just about economics, which was my major. I think the principal thing I learned about economics as a major was that if you could place all the economists end to end, they'd never reach a conclusion. Now, that's a lesson that serves me well in my current occupation as an embarrasser of economists. As I said, I learned a lot at Eureka. I learned, for example, about humility. Now, that happens when you've been kind of one of at least a number of football heroes in high school and suddenly you find yourself sitting on the bench a second to third string. And as with my economics lessons, I've had opportunities to learn a little more about humility every once in a while since. I remember after I'd made about 50 feature motion pictures and was doing a series on television that lasted eight years. I was walking down Fifth Avenue in New York one day and about 30 feet ahead of me, a man coming my way stopped and he pointed and he yelled, I know you. I see you all the time on that screen and on that television and everybody on the street stopped and they formed kind of two lines and he stalked me down the center. And I'm at one end and here he comes and he's fumbling in his pocket all the time and talking about me and how much he knows what I've done and everything else. And he gets to me and pulls out a pen and a piece of paper for an autograph and says Rameland. So I signed Rameland. There was no sense in disappointment. But one thing I'll always cherish about Eureka, besides lessons in football and humility, is that the college took a chance on me. Now, my family couldn't pay for the schooling. We didn't live on the wrong side of the tracks but we lived close enough we could hear the whistles. But what I couldn't earn in summers, and I did work every summer, and saved every dollar that I earned in order to help, my other college made up with scholarship, jobs, and yes, letting me defer part of my tuition until after graduation. And I wasn't alone in that. They did that for a number of other students and this was in the depths of the Great Depression. And incidentally, one of those jobs, washing dishes was one of the better jobs I've ever had. I performed it in the girl's dormitory. But seriously, in that time of such great strain and when you can imagine what happened to the endowment of a small college like that, in that great crash and the Great Depression, and you went to class every day and knew that the professors who were teaching you and without any grumble or complaint had not been paid for weeks and weeks and weeks and that the townspeople and the merchants and the grocers and so forth carried them on the books just with the knowledge that somehow things would turn out all right. Those were Depression years and I'm so happy about the scholarship program that you've done me the honor of giving in my name. It gives the students the opportunity to work for their schooling and it also gives them something else I was lucky enough to have, a mentor. That's a part of the program, someone who would take an interest in them and their future. Now in my case, it was a fellow from Kansas City named Sid Altschuler. Sid was a businessman there and my summer job for seven years, part in high school and then through college, was at a beach, a river beach on the beautiful Rock River in a natural forest park called Lowell Park named for James Russell Lowell whose family had given it to the city and there was a lodge there and people would come out from the cities like Kansas City and Chicago and so forth with their families and it was one of those things I don't know whether it still goes on today in which they had come there with their parents as children now they came as parents with their children and I teach their kids to swim and finally I was there for that last summer after I'd graduated because I had to get enough money to try to go out and find a job. 1932, the lowest year of the Great Depression and many of those men during the summers had said to me that when I got out of college come see them and I'd sort of relied on that but by 1932 many of those weren't coming back to the lodge anymore they had their own problems and they weren't saying that anymore but Sid Altschuler was there and I taught his two small daughters to swim that same summer and then Sid, out of all of them said to me if you can tell me what you really want to do and what you want to get into he said I think I have some connections that if it touches on any of those that I can help even in these hard times but he said you're going to have to tell me what you want to do well there I was with my degree in economics a graduate with a bachelor arts degree and it hadn't occurred to me really what I wanted to do or anything except get a job of some kind or other it was those kind of times but he'd laid it on me and I finally went home and I laid awake half the night and finally it dawned on me that some of my extracurricular activities in addition to football had rubbed off playing Captain Stan Hope in Journey's End in the drama class play of the year going out with the Glee Club doing comedy routines I didn't sing, I talked but in a little town in Illinois back in the 30s you didn't go out and say I want to be an actor well anyway I went to him and I said I think I can tell you what it is I would like to be in the world of entertainment and then knowing that radio might be the shortcut to anything else I said I'd like to get into radio I think I could be a sports announcer well I'd named something in which he had no connections at all but Sid gave me the greatest advice in the world and all you young people who were listening pay attention to your mentors he said maybe it's just as well that I don't have any connections because he said if I got you a job someplace the man giving you the job wouldn't be interested in you he'd be giving you the job because of me he said and replace there are people that know that this isn't going to last forever this depression they're going to know that their future depends on getting young people into their business so he said what you should do is just start going to radio stations you needn't tell them whether you want to be a sports announcer just tell them that you believe in the future of that business and you'll take any job in order to get inside of radio and then take your chances from there well I did that it meant hitchhiking and I figured that if I started at the top at the big stations in Chicago and the networks that wherever I got a job might be further up the line than if I started at the bottom well I don't know how many stations I went to but he was advised he told me that some place along the line I would meet a man of this kind and he said remember a salesman may have to make 200 calls before he makes a sale and wound up down in the Quad Cities Iowa and Illinois a wonderful old Scotchman that played a role in my life told me that they had just hired an announcer the day before I got there where was I, why didn't I know about this I didn't tell him I didn't listen to his station but on the way out I said to myself how does a guy get to be a sports announcer if he can't get a job in a radio station and I went down to the elevator which fortunately wasn't there and I heard a clumping Pete MacArthur was crippled up with arthritis on two canes and he was coming down the hall and he was calling in a very profane way for that big sobie to stop and wait so I waited for him and he came up and he said what's that you said about sports and I said well I think I'd like to do that and that I could do that he said could you tell me about a football game and make me see it if I'm sitting at home listening to my radio and I said I think so he took me in a studio stood me in front of a microphone he said when the red light goes on you'll be alone here I'll be in another room listening you start broadcasting an imaginary football game well I remembered a game that we had won in the last 20 seconds with a 65-yard touchdown the key to the play an off tackle smash was for the right guard running interference to take out the first man in the secondary in order to let our man break loose in the game I missed my block but our man made the touchdown I replayed that fourth quarter for him and in the replay I nailed that fellow with a block and stood him there now I was right about one thing tape in my heart it was always acting I really wanted and I thought that radio would be a quick jump for that and it turned out to be there's some in Washington who wish I jumped in the river instead that wouldn't they help them because I was the lifeguard that's what my job was well, Sid Altshuler isn't here but two mentors for those scholars are Al Hague and Selva Roosevelt and I just want to say thanks to them and let me also say thanks to someone who isn't a part of the mentor program but whom I know has taken a special interest in one of our scholars Strom Thurmond this young man is here as an intern in Strom's office and I thank all of you the kind of generosity that you're showing this evening is the kind that built not just Eureka College but America itself and could I just take a minute because maybe some of you who are being so kind don't know very much about that little school out there in the prairie but in the first place it is the oldest coeducational college west of the Alleghenies and it was started from some people who arrived there in that part of Illinois and a wagon train from the east and a man named Ben Major whose family still lives there in college town his descendants decided that this is where they would stay he was the leader he sank an axe in a stump and he said here is where we will build our school and they built their school before they built their homes and it became Walnut Grove Academy and then when it graduated above that it became Eureka College but this little school so rich with tradition and has contributed so much and people like myself who went there you were never too poor but what if they could they could make it possible for you to get that education there used to be a giant elm which finally has given up outside of one of the buildings called Burgess it was called recruiting elm outside of Burgess Hall because Captain Burgess in the Civil War stood down beneath that tree and called up to the classrooms of the one building at that time of the college for the young men to come down and enlist in the Union Army now it isn't true that I was one of the young men but as I say


Bismillah ar-Rahman ar-Rahim. As-salamu alaikum. My name is Umar Saeed. I'm a fellow member of ACCA and chartered financial analysts. I have more than 18 years of diversified work experience, both in public and private sector. I have been engaged in teaching for the last 12 years. This area of our financial risk management is a very diversified course and really having many topics will be covered in great depth. It's current need of the regime that we need to learn about these techniques because risk management is one of the integral part in current work. So as I just mentioned we will be discussing many topics and many areas. So initially I'll give you a roadmap that what are the areas we will be studying in this whole course. We'll make sure that once we are done with this course all areas are well understood by all of us. We need not to worry about these topics because we will be studying them in great depth. So I'll just present you a roadmap for this course. Our first module will be introduction to financial risk management. In this we'll having a great in depth understanding of the basic concepts, definitions, how the risk management evolved, what was the history of this and at the same time how risks are being mired and taken care will be reflected in this module. In second module we'll be talking a very important sector of our this course that is derivatives. Derivatives are the most important learning outcomes of this particular course. In derivatives we'll be learning what are the derivatives, what are the types of derivatives being available, how they are being calculated, what are the application, what is the practical utility of those and we'll be discussing multiple derivatives being used in market. For example we'll be discussing about futures and forward so we'll be discussing a lot of that in this particular area. Then in the later module we'll move to advanced risk management strategies. This is a elevated level of what we have discussed in first two modules. Here we'll be learning about key strategies, how risks can be used, how risks can be materialized, how risks can be managed to make benefit out of them. So here we'll be like specifically focusing devising strategies to work it out and making benefit out of it. And at the same time applying them to different sectors, applying them to different environments will be learned in this area. These are just brief glimpses of what we'll be discussing. Actually modules will have multiple topics and multiple areas to be learned from. Then we'll move to quantitative concepts related to risk management. Quantitative you must have studied, quantitative in your prior, another simple word you must have studied statistics. So here we will be applying statistics in context of risk management, portfolio management, how that is being used, how that is applied in the financial world. So here our focus will be, for example, we'll be studying Monte Carlo simulation. You need not to worry about these words, we'll be spending a lot of time on these. But for your understanding, we make sure that once we are done with the course, our whole roadmap is pretty captured. We should, once we are done with the course, do remember to come back to these slides and make a tick for yourself that we have covered them or not. So that will be a check for you for your whole learning. And we'll be also applying a lot many illustrations for the statistical models and in other modules as well. Next will be another important area that will be portfolio risk management. Risk in isolation is required to be learned, but the core application applies when we go for risk management in the context of portfolio. When I say portfolio, we mean a combination of multiple assets, maybe of same type or it could be of different type. For example, we have one share, that's just one investment. If we have five shares, that's it's a portfolio. And in my case, it could be five share as well as five bonds. And again, it's a more diversified portfolio. So we will be applying risk management in portfolio because in portfolio need for risk management is even higher. Similarly, in that context, we will be learning what are the key concepts, how risks are being measured, specifically with respect to portfolio, what are the benefits, what are the types, we'll be studying them in great depth. For example, we'll be studying multiple factors model. There may be single factor, we have discussed CAPM or anything in your previous studies. Here we'll be applying more than one factors and applying them to the portfolio context and making returns and risk out of that. Our next volume will be advanced risk management. This is a development of the pre area and addition of the new stuff. Here we'll be discussing about my area of risk, which are of current regime. For example, value at risk. It may be a new word for you and we need not to worry about that. We'll be starting that in great depth. This is the emerging concept and it's being applied worldwide, majorly in all financial institutions, especially banks, asset management companies, they rely on this to a very great extent. So we'll be learning that in great depth, what is where, how it is calculated. We can call it war, we can call it war. Both ways sounds fine. We can even call it VAR. So here we'll be learning how where is calculated, what are its application. Then we'll be applying it and learning of the capital markets. There is another important area that is efficient market hypothesis. We'll be learning what are the perfect markets, what are the types of markets available, how things are being calculated, how we forecast. So here we'll be learning in this particular module. Then to a common man, this unit, this section is very relevant. That is Kiran Siris. Everyone must have heard of this factor that the dollar price, the dollar is expensive, the dollar is low. This leads us to a link with everyone. Or at least you must have heard of this from your parents or family members. So that too is an integral part of currency risk management. And for us, for every type of business, this is very important. So here we'll be understanding what is the currency risk management, how it is impact. For example, let me talk, you import some things. And at the time of import, the currency rate is 130. And you have an option that you pay it after three months. So when the payment time came after three months, and now when you have to pay by purchasing the dollar, then that, at that time, the rate has increased, like it has been high for the last few days. The rate moved up to 140. So that means you'll end up paying a very big amount compared to what you entered in the beginning. So here the work of risk management is how to capture it, how to forecast it, how to mitigate these. In this, we will also do hedging. How to end this risk first, how to understand it, then how to hedge it out, how to structure it, how to take care of that. Some people are earning from the currency. So that is another tool of that, that we can trade in currency to make money out of it. You can be bullish on one currency. You feel that Saudi real can go up a lot. So you can take exposure on that. So in that case, you are more like making investment for return. You are not actually a hedger. You are a kind of a speculator who is entering for profit. Then our last module, which is definitely not, we are not mentioning all the topics. We have multiple topics, but the main core area will be enterprise risk management. This is a latest emergent concept where the advanced technologies of risk management are being applied. Here we take use of more computer technologies, use of more peripherals, in which an overall enterprise level of risk is structured. We are not talking about just business transaction or we are talking about the functioning of the overall organization. So our aim here will be to learn the risk management from the horizon of the whole enterprise. So we will be discussing strategies and policies which are being dealt in there. Rest we will be discussing in the next topic. Thank you.


A working group developed a new tool to assess methodological quality of studies reporting prevalence data in systematic reviews, which was piloted among 16 health care researchers and found to be valid and easy to use. The tool is now recommended for use by authors conducting prevalence systematic reviews. This article was authored by Zachary Munn, Sundeep Moola, Dagmar Ritano, and others.


Thanks for tuning in to the MHS Minute. 2022 looks very promising for the military health system. We will continue improving the patient experience, working to standardize multiple patient-facing processes in our pharmacies, clinical labs, imaging, and patient appointment processes. We'll also focus on patients who may have delayed or deferred care during the pandemic. The DHA will also welcome overseas hospitals and clinics from Europe and the Indo-Pacific as part of MHS transformation. And we will award the new TriCare Health Plan contract, setting the course for purchased care into the next decade. Finally, MHS Genesis will deploy to 54 military treatment facilities in 10 waves across the MHS. Throughout the year, we'll focus on optimizing service member health and keeping our uniformed medical team operating at the top of their skills, a medically ready force and a ready medical force, leading to great outcomes, satisfied patients, and a fulfilled staff.


Hello, welcome back on my YouTube channel. In today's video I'm going to explain how to calculate the flow accumulation using the PC Raster Tools plugin. We'll start off with this GeoTiff DEM, it's an SRTM DEM that has been clipped and styled with some hill shading. First thing that we need to do is to convert it to the PC Raster format. So we go to the Processing Toolbox and find the Convert to PC Raster Format tool and we have to define that the output data type is scalar because these are real numbers, continuous raster and I save the output as DEM and now we have the DEM as a copy in the PC Raster format. In order to do any flow analysis we need to calculate the flow direction map which in PC Raster is the LDD, the local drain direction map and we can create it using the LDD Create tool. We keep the default settings, you can check the documentation to control how the things are filled and now we can check the AccuFlux tool which calculates the flow accumulation. It needs this flow direction map and a material layer and you can see there in the help string that that's a scalar raster that it needs. So that could be a rainfall raster or any other material that you want to route but in this case we are just interested to calculate the standard flow accumulation map and then we use a value 1 for each cell that we will accumulate and then each cell will have the accumulated amount of pixels and we can create that using the spatial tool. If we give all cells a value 1 it will accumulate all the cells using the AccuFlux tool. So I create here a raster named material which has for each cell a scalar value of 1. Now I can fill in the dialog of AccuFlux with LDD and material and I call the result flow accumulation. So for material you can also use a rainfall or any other material that you want to route but if you just want to have a standard flow accumulation map you use this scalar 1 map that we just created. Now values can be quite extreme non-linear from a lot of small values to fewer higher values representing the river so you can play with these settings of how to scale your values when you style it. You can use a cumulative count or you can also use the quantile method depending on what you need to visualize it. Using map algebra you can then also choose which flow accumulation threshold can be used to choose the rivers. So I hope you have enjoyed this video. If you like these videos please subscribe to my YouTube channel and you will get updates about new ones. Thank you for watching.


Hi, my name is Andrea with Food and Mentory Adventures in Food.  On our channel, you'll find simple and tasty recipes using everyday ingredients. Merry Christmas everyone! It is Christmas Day and we are having ribs. Howard actually grilled these ribs and they look and smell so good. On the side, we are having some baked beans and then I just made a simple Caesar salad. So this is what we are having for dinner tonight and we will see y'all next time. Hey guys, so for the rest of this week, we're just going to be having some really simple dinners and I will start cooking again in the new year. But for dinner tonight, using some shrimp from our freezer, I have this box of Butterfly Shrimp from CPAC but I got rid of the box a while ago so this is what it looks like. And then we are also having some Posteroni, the Parmesan cheese variety, and then I made some fried cabbage with bacon. I actually recorded a video on how I make fried cabbage so that video will be out soon, so be on the lookout for that. So this is what we are having for dinner tonight and we will see y'all next time. Hey guys, so for dinner tonight we are having taco salads and normally when I make taco salads I use ground beef but in my freezer, I forgot that I had these seasoned diced chicken thighs and it has Guajillo chilies in there from HEB. I had it in my freezer about it a while back ago. This is a pound and a half of diced chicken thighs and all you do is cook it in the skillet. This is what it looks like. I'm going to pop these taco salad shells in the oven. I have been using these for a long time. I've been eating them ever since I was little. My mom used to make them but anyway once we get everything all cooked and plated, I will come back. Okay, so here are our taco salads. Howard and I both tried the meat and it is really good. I would definitely buy it again but on the very bottom of the salad is lettuce and then we've got the chicken, cheese, salsa and Howard topped his with sour cream. He doesn't have avocado but mine is the exact same but no sour cream. So this is what we are having for dinner tonight and we will see y'all next time. Hey guys, so for dinner tonight we are having breakfast for dinner. I'm using up a couple of odds and ends that I had in my fridge and freezer. So I had a couple of bakery croissants. They are pretty large. I know you probably can't tell that on camera. I'm going to split them and grill them and then I'm going to make some fried eggs and then I'm going to use up what's left of that Swiss cheese and turkey and we're going to have breakfast sandwiches and then I'm also going to deep fry some french fries. So we're having a play on breakfast for dinner. Okay, so here is everything all plated up. Such a quick and easy dinner and then here are the french fries. So this is what we are having for dinner tonight and we will see y'all next time. Hey guys, so for dinner tonight we are having Jamaican style oxtails. Howard is making this. For those of you that don't know Howard is from Jamaica, born there and so he actually sliced up a whole oxtail himself and for the seasonings he used garlic powder, onion powder and then he used this Caribbean oxtail seasoning that we got in Florida one year when we were visiting his family. He also is using thyme leaves and then he's using a little bit of beef bouillon as well, scotch bonnet pepper and then he is using these butter beans. These were dry butter beans that he soaked overnight so he is going to cook these oxtail in the crock pot for about how long Howard? At least three hours. At least three hours on high. Okay so I am making some rice to go with the oxtail so I'll show you everything when we get everything all plated up. Okay so here are the oxtail. Howard actually ended up cooking these for about four and a half hours and the meat is so tender and so are the beans serving it over that rice. It's actually jasmine rice so this is what we are having for dinner tonight and we will see y'all next time.


A high court in Abia State has ordered the federal government to pay the sum of one billion nara to the leader of the indigenous people of Biafra, Namdikano, and also issue a letter of apology to him, stating that the federal government has violated the IPOP leader's fundamental rights. The court also recommended a political solution to the agitation for the restoration of the defunct Biafra Republic, championed by IPOP. That by the grace of God, by the time the judge calmly, dispassionately examine the step-by-step destruction of these camps, then, like I submitted in court, she will go to the next stage, which is to grant us our prayer too. And our prayer too is that there be no valid legal counts in the charge to defend, she should dismiss all of them and set free, that is, to charge and acquit Namdikano of any offences. What the prosecution tried to do was to insist that because today was set down for hearing that the trial must go on, notwithstanding the pendency of this application, which we have tried, and not also withstanding the pendency of the second application, the 26-page motion for bail, and I pointed out to the court that that was not the law, that is not the law, that the Supreme Court has held in several cases. Meanwhile, Namdikano has pleaded not guilty to the 15 charges bordering on treasonable felony and terrorism preferred against him by the federal government. The prosecution counsel, Labrera Magaci, despite Kano's stand, told the court that he was ready to proceed with the trial, adding that he brought two witnesses to testify against the defendant. The court subsequently adjourned till 16th of February to hear the pending application.