Hello everyone, welcome to this UK Data Service Workshop on Geographical Data Visualisation of UK Census Data. Your presenter today will be James Cron of the UK Data Service. He's based at Adina at the University of Edinburgh. And now over to James. Thanks Jill. The layout of the day is going to be a few presentations from me and quite a few actual hands-on practical exercises. The emphasis in the workshop is to actually get your hands on using data and software. Let's continue. So we'll start with a quick introduction to the UK Census, Census data and how Census data can be visualised geographically. So what is the Census? Well the Census is a survey of the UK population held every 10 years by the devolved national statistical agencies. So in England that's Officer National Statistics, in Scotland National Archives of Scotland and in Ireland it's Nizra. In England it was taken place in 2021, but in Scotland because of the Covid pandemic it's only happening this year. And in fact in Scotland Census Day 2022 is on this coming Sunday. So you're in Scotland you've not actually filled your Census form and yet do it by Sunday. And the population fills in a Census form and answers questions relating to them either as an individual or the household which they reside in. And you can see on the slide the household questions and on the right the individual questions. And it's a way of the government getting information on the population every 10 years. So it's a great source of information. And what the Census agencies do once they've gathered all this information is that they process it and create various output Census data. And they censor aggregate the data. So the data comes out as counts of people or households for particular socioeconomic characteristics. So what you can see in the slide here is an area of Edinburgh. The Census data comes from various small areas of geographies. And within those small areas you get different types of data. So for example you get the total population, number of households and the number of people in that area who are male or female as well as information such as detached houses or flats. And the Census data itself is a variable at various different output geographies. So you can get data for all of the UK and then it will break down into countries, so England, Scotland, Wales or local authorities. So Manchester University Authority for example. And then wards, electoral areas and these tend to nest in some cases. Within the UK data service we provide a one-stop shop to access social science data and this includes access to Census data as part of our remit. So for the UK data service you can access data from 1971 through to 2011. We expect the latest Census data, the 2021 stuff for England to be made available from 2020 onwards possibly for applications. The Scottish stuff will obviously be different later because they've not actually done the 22 Census yet in Scotland. And within the UK data service we have different applications to access different types of Census data. So the main Census data is a Census aggregate data and those are like the grouped population stats. And then we have Census microdata which provides quite detailed information for smaller numbers of people and Census flow data which provides data on migration. So that's how they travel to work on Census Day and also their last address before the Census. So it gives you some information on how people have been moving around the country. And then we also have supporting data such as Census boundary data and these are the geographic boundaries for the various Census output geographies which can be used to visualize the Census data. And in this workshop today we'll be using Census boundary data in association with the Census stats to create some maps and other types of visualization. So today you'll get access, you'll be using both Census aggregate data and Census boundary data. So the purpose for this first exercise in this first part of the workshop is to visualize Census data using choropleth maps. So if we have tables of Census districts we can join or link them to Census boundaries like on the slide. So at the top left we have a table of Census statistics and this shows information from the Census in this case for local authorities. So we have Edinburgh, Brentfisher and West Lovian. And each of these areas has a unique geographical identifier which is a line digit code that uniquely identifies that record within the Census data. And you can see the information such as some mails and the manufacturing number of mails employed in manufacturing. And we can have the same geography in terms of the actual boundaries. And these describe that geography on the ground. So the extent of say Edinburgh or East and West Lovian. And by linking the Census stats to the boundaries we then have some way we can then describe the Census stats as a map. So in this case we can say that Edinburgh has been assigned the value of 5.27% of mails are employed in manufacturing. Whereas in West Lovian 14.93% of mails are employed in manufacturing. But it's not very interesting just like this because we can only look at the different values to see where the different publishing stats are. It's far better if we can colorize those regions. And this is what our coropleth map does. It basically shades the polyons of the Census areas according to the Census variable which is linked to those boundaries. So for example high Census stat values could have like high shades of green and low values of lighter shades. And that way when you view the entire dataset you can quite easily see where the high areas of the particular stat are and the low areas are. And that gives you a great way of like getting some a look into the actual data. So for example this map shows the percentage of people employed in agriculture in forestry and fishery. And you can quite clearly see the difference in the urban and rural split. And also the difference in the Scottish Highlands and the Scottish borders in terms of the number of people employed in the fishery and forestry. Now these are a type of coropleth map with a univariate coropleth map in which it only displays a single variable. You also get more complicated coropleth maps which attempts to display two variables at once. And that could be quite interesting because it means you can display multiple variables at the same time. So here we have the first coropleth map which is showing poor health from low to high and a second coropleth map which is unemployment from low to high. And we can basically combine those together to create a map that shows the two variables together. So on the bivariate map the very pale areas of both unemployment and poor health is low with the dark areas where unemployment and health is high. So it's a nice way of instead of showing two separate coropleth maps you can just show a single one. So when you're creating coropleth maps there's some quite this specific guidance which can help you in this process. So the thing is to choose the correct output census geography. You remember I said that the census variables are available at different levels of geography. You have to standardize your census variables. You have to choose an appropriate classification method and then choose the color ramp to tell you how to actually describe the data. So in choosing the output census geography you have to be picked what you think is most appropriate for your data. So for example we could display the same variable by local authority, by medium super output areas or by output areas. And by mapping the analyzer data at different levels you can get different insights. So for example patterns present at one scale may not be displayed at our scales because at the larger areas the data will pretend to get smoothed whereas in much more high resolution data you might get a lot more noise. So the local authority is good for picking up general patterns where the output area level is a lot more detailed and allows you to drill into detail in much finer detail. In terms of standardizing census variables by themselves the census data gives you raw counts so the number of people per output area or the number of people per county. And you can't just map it like that as it is because the high counts will simply show you where the people are. Instead you've got to do some sort of standardization so that you can compare that area to another part of the country in a standard way. There are two ways you can do that. You can divide that count by the area of the actual area of the boundary or more likely you can just you can divide it by the total population size of that area. So instead of showing a raw count you're showing proportion. Instead of saying in this census area there are 500 people you're saying that in this census there 15% of those people are employed in manufacturing or male or female or travels work by car or bicycle and that because it's a standard measure you can compare other areas. And then when we construct a chlorophyll map we also need to perform classification. So our raw data might have values from 3 to 93 but because the way is the minute we have unique values what we need to do is like generalize the data into data classes so that we can like try and find the patterns within it. So we might have five classes here say from 3 to 20, 21 to 38, 39 to 56, 57 to 74 or 75 plus. And what we do when we apply classes is we decide how the data is assigned to each of these classes and there are different classification methods available. Some of it you'll see in the QJS exercise which follows this talk. So for example this quantile, equal interval, natural breaks or manual. And the classification maybe we choose will cause the data to be drawn in particular ways. So for example I have the same data set here and depending on the number of classes I used to classify the data and the classification method I use I can get various, I can get different sorts of maps being shown. And the point is that no classification method is right or wrong but the classification method you do choose should be based on the characteristics of the data to avoid constructing misleading maps. And then once you've done applied the classification we then need to apply a color ramp which basically tells you how the polygons are shaded and different color ramps are applied to different sorts of data. So sequential would simply be going from a low value to a high value. And you can see there's a graduation from light to dark. Diverging would be data plus or minus around a central zero value. So that could be areas that are increasing value versus decreasing value. Whereas qualitative would be non-numeric data. So this could be data that's showing like a, it could be a land cover or it could just be like you could have an urban rural classification where some polygons are describing urban areas and some rural areas. And then in that case it wouldn't be assessed to describe it quantitatively. You would simply describe have a different color which is a categorical thing. So you'll get to practice all these creating chlorophyll maps in the curious exercise that follows. But to show you what's going on I will first run through the exercise live and then you'll have time to do it yourself. So this is the UK data service and I say as part of this you provide census data. And the part of the UK data service that we're going to obtain census data for in order to create a chlorophyll map from is called infuse. Are we going to infuse provides access both to 2011 census data and 2001 census data? Are we going to grab data for 2011? So what you would do in the exercise that follows this is you would go to infuse and click the 2011 census data box here. And when you're using infuse there are two means of like making your first selection of the data. You can either select by geography or by topics. Are we going to select by geography first? So infuse is doing a lot of work in the background so there may be some delays as we run through the using our service. Okay so because we selected want to go by geography we've got the various geographies that are available. So I'm going to create a map for all of the UK and I'm going to obtain census data by a local authority. So for each of England, Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales I'm going to select local authorities like so. So I select those and then I add them to my I guess my shopping basket almost. And then what infuse has done is gone away and worked out what data is available at these geographies and you can see there's like a load of different combinations of data here. And using these filters at left I can constrain the sort of data that I want to I can constrain I can limit what data I actually want. So in my case I can apply multiple filters so let's see I can constrain by sex and then I can also constrain by industry. And you can see it's dropped a number of combinations down from about 80 just to a single topic combination. And if I select that topic combination I get some information about what's available. So you can spend your time reading through this and within that topic I now have to select the actual variables. So I'm interested in creating a UK map of I think the percentage of males and females employing manufacturing. So the variables I'm going to select are age 16 to 74. I want total industry and manufacturing. I need total industry because I want to use that as a when I'm doing my standardization of manufacturing so that I can show my manufacturing as a percentage of a total employment and then I want both males and females. So you see I grabbed four variables here and so infuse is ready. So at this point I can click get to the data and infuse will go away and pull that data out for me and let me just download it. So it comes as a zip file which I can extract and within the zip file you basically get three individual files. You get citations which I think just describe provides copyright statements you have to use if you want to use the data. You get meta which describes the actual variables and I guess the units to use and the data itself is this CSV file called data age equate intersect units and if I open this in library office so if you're using windows you can use excel. You can see what the data looks like that's come from infuse. Before I use this in QGIS I need to do some cleaning up and tidying up all the data. So the first thing I do you can see infuse has created this strange line here where there's like null entries so I'm just going to get rid of this line and then I'll tidy up some of the columns and I'm just going to rename these columns here. So I just have to refer to my notes so so this column is the total number of males within this local authority. This column is the total number of females and then these columns are the males or females employed in manufacturing so I'll just rename them to something more memorable male manufacturing and female manufacturer. And what we want to do now we want to create we want to standardize our data so rather than in our Mac QGIS just showing this raw male manufacturing value 192 you want to show that as a percentage of all males so we have to do like a simple calculation in our spreadsheet here. So wrong column that's more likely okay and let me just give this a name okay I mean this similar thing for the females yep and then I can apply that to all the cells and to likewise for female. Now I just save my data now and I can check it what it looks like in the actual CSV and you can see that the numeric data looks fine we have this problem with some of the the geocode which in our case the geographic identifier and you can see the way that infuses worked it's inserted trailing spaces to the northern island geo IDs so we try using QGIS it'll create problems so we have to go back into the data in Excel and correct these. So what I'm going to do is I'm just going to simply trim these northern island geo IDs to strip off that at that white space I need to apply this to the first 27 rows I'll just copy that and paste it back into position over here okay sorry about that don't often use Excel for data analysis so hopefully that's okay let me just check it in a word pad yes that looks correct great so we grabbed data from infuse and we've done some preparation on it so it's now ready for us to be able to map being QGIS so we got the CSV data the census data we now need to get the actual boundaries that we're going to create our map from and that's a little from a different part of the UK data service called um let's look here so UK data service and I scroll down to the bottom here in fact find data you want to browse and access data I think yep I have to scroll to the bottom here to find uh browse open census data yep you want census boundary data um this will take us to boundary data selector what what we actually want is easy download so we want to grab some data that matches to infuse so we go to this tab here and we want to grab some local authorities this is all explained in the PDF you'll use in a bit and you want to download the features in shape power format so if I look at the downloaded data and let me just open in QGIS so QGIS is a desktop GIS um and you've never used the GIS before it might seem overwhelming but QGIS um but the notes we've given you will try and help you use it the first thing you have to do when you use QGIS is to um geographic data is provided in different reference systems because it has to describe different parts of the world um by default QGIS will default to showing data in lat long and using a global projection so we first have to change this so they use the British national grid which all data within the UK data service is provided in so this is explained in your notes so you basically you'll go to the bottom here click this button and pick British national grid and apply an okay and you can see that it's changed from 4326 to 2700 and then we can now add that vector shape file which will be downloaded from the UK data service so this button here is called the data source manager and this is the button you always use to add data to QGIS it could be a shape file or a CSV file so I'll open the data source manager got different at the left here different types of data you can add so I want to add vector data so I click vector and I use the two arrows here to choose my data set so it was that infused this layer clip so I just open add and you can see these are the boundaries that have been added to QGIS from the UK data service and we now to add our CSV file so again we use the data source manager so back into that folder select our data CSV and you can see that QGIS provides a preview of what that data looks like at the bottom here and you can see it's got our new columns we created in excel or library office when you do this you have to make sure that under geometry definition it's set to no geometry because otherwise QGIS will try and create like a point and it won't find any coordinates so that won't work properly so we just add and then close and we can open that data there so you can see we've got the same data we had from excel or library office in QGIS and what we now have to do is join that data of of census statistics to the census boundaries and we can do this by using a thing called join so we would double click the layer go to joins at left and click we want to create a new join so click the add green button because I only got one CSV file loaded it's been added automatically to the top box here if you add more than one you have to pick which one to use but because we only have one we only have one choice we now have to specify which field within the CSV file contains the geographic identifier and which field within the boundaries contains the geographic identifier which QGIS will use to relate the two tables so in the case of us in the geocode in the CSV data and again the geocode in the boundaries so we apply that and now if I open the actual table of the shapefile you can see that our data from the census stats has been joined to the boundaries and in fact I can click on any of the polygons and I can see the proportion of males or females within that area and so what we now want to do is create a crawl path map using our now census stats joined to the boundaries and to do this double click from left choose symbology are from top pick graduated I mean I have to show we have to pick which variable we want to display as our crawl path map so let's say I want to show the proportion of males employed in manufacturing and then we click the classify button and like I was saying in the presentation we have to we have to pick the classification we have to want to use so I'm going to go for natural break genks and as I said in the slides you also have to decide what color amp to apply so I'm going to show them in green from low to high value and click the apply button and we have a crawl path map of our data so so low values of green or white or with this low proportion of the male population employed in manufacturing dark areas or with it's a lot higher so you can pick out around the areas of Newport and Wales which is like the steel mills the north of England sort of manufacturing and you'll see a lot lower in London where there's people who tend to be more employed in service sectors and within QGIS loads of other stuff you can do in the document you can actually create a print map layout which the PFO describe so I'm going to stop demoing QGIS for now and hand over to you for you to go through the workbook until three o'clock when I then we'll talk again about using cartograms and I've got another short presentation where I'm going to talk about creating cartograms and flow maps and after this there'll be a further QGIS exercise where you'll be able to create a cartogram so other than chlorophyll maps two other forms of geographical visualization commonly made using sensitive data are cartograms and flow maps so a cartogram is a special form of map projection where the polygons are drawn in proportion to the variable being mapped rather than the land area of the polygon so you can see on the top here we've got three different types of cartogram if a non-contiguous cartogram a contiguous cartogram on a darling cartogram and you can see that the the boundaries have been distorted according to an actual variable rather than just being based on the geographic extent I mean cartograms are great for like excuse me I'm just gonna have to cartograms are great because they mean if you have a chlorophyll map of Scotland you could have data shown for glas and reddenburg which occupy quite small areas and they tend to get lost within the bigger of the country areas they tend to get hidden and you might draw false conclusions from the map but using our cartogram we would just start the polygons based on the variable you get a you can see different patterns which is really quite interesting and there's sort of different types of cartogram and cartgrams feature quite extensively in the wild so to speak they were shown quite a lot in the guardian as part of their brexit reporting so you get a cartgram like this and you can see that although Scotland occupies quite a large geographic area that's not people living there it's quite small whereas London occupies a relatively sorry yeah so London has a lot more people living there than a much smaller area so when you distort the polygons by the population they tend to swell up and cartograms there's an entire book written by Danny Darling who's like a prominent census person which entirely uses cartograms rather than chlorophyll maps to depict census data it's a really cool book there's like each chapter goes through a different sort of type of census data and it's full of these wonderful cartgrams in the QJS exercise that follows this you'll have the opportunity to create your own cartogram what you'll be creating in the QJS exercise is a contiguous cartogram of this sort of like on the right here where you'll distort the boundaries and you'll basically yeah you'll distort the polygons according to some variable which is quite cool so another type of census data is census flow data and what census flow data is based on a question the census form which asks people for the address their place of work so what you end up with is a data like this or table here so down the left hand side you have what we got one two three four seven different regions and along the top you have the same seven and it basically depicts the migration of flow between each of the polygons the region sorry so since they're Northumberland County Durham Northumberland Newcastle Bantai Northumberland Gatehead and this is quite useful for planning purposes and this data is available through the wicked part of the UK data service and the sort of visitations you can create from that data tend to be spent these flow maps so what I've got is an example on the left here of the UK and this is showing the migration I think it's not migration it's the place of work between Edinburgh and the rest of the UK this was probably pre-pandemic so you can see this large flows from like Edinburgh down to London which is probably the people who tend to like commute from Edinburgh to London on a sort of Monday and Friday to work in the city of London and they go back to the Edinburgh at the end of the week it's the simple sort of diagram here you can create in QGIS and people have created more whizzy sort of type flow maps using sort of quick cool styling stuff alternative is it's the notch with the boundaries this all and creating some kind of chord diagrams which basically just like they map an origin to a destination I think this is like for the US so it's showing the flows from say New York to California and the width of the actual what we call chords it depicts how much flow there actually is and that's like an interesting way of showing flow data about using a map in some ways it'll be more powerful so we have an exercise now in QGIS where you'll create a chord diagram and again I'll do a first run through the exercise on my own machine and then we'll give you 20 minutes to do it yourself so let me just again we do some screen swapping so bear with me again and for this exercise we're not going to download data from the web we're going to use data that's been prepared beforehand and that is available in the zip file which you've been sent a link to I'm going to provide a link to afterwards so just bear with me I've already downloaded that document in the zip file into my desktop so if you've downloaded that data you'll see the contents you've got the workbooks and there's the census trading data folder within that census training data folder or four different subfolders the cartogram corpus and tableau we'll be using the tableau one later on as well so for now the cartogram one contains census data for leads at the middle super output error level and it contains a shape file plus a csd file so like we did in the chlorophyll exercise we'll open the shapefiling qjs and then we'll add the csd file and join the two together and then we'll create some visualizations so let me just open qjs first again so qjs is open just check again we have to set the projection to the British national grid same drill as before use the data connector to add the shapefile this time from the pre-downloaded data so here we've got middle layer super output areas for leads and just add the csd file again from the pre-downloaded data checking we've got no geometry defined and again same drill as before we have to join the data so this is all explained in the workbook so I can just check the attribute table and you can see we've joined the census stats to the boundaries this data actually shows it's tenure by household so it basically displays what people are privately renting which people have mortgages or which people are renting in local authorities and stuff and we can do what we did before and create a chlorophyll map to start with so I want to show the percentage by private renting let's go over my natural brakes again and green and you see the problem we've got like our small polygons in the city centers which we tend to get mixed by the outer polygons we want to actually create a cartogram qjs by default doesn't include the cartogram functionality but you can use a plugin to do it for us a plugin is just a piece of software that you add to qjs to do add extra functionality so we have to install it first and when it installs it as new buttons the qjs toolbar so it's listed just in case of picking that later and then you pick the variable you want to pick the cartogram from and it will go away and build the cartogram and then so there's our cartogram and there's our chlorophyll map and you can compare some people don't like cartograms because they think it distorts geography too much and you can't tell what's what but I think they're a good way of alternative way of viewing the data so I'll stop sharing now and you've got 20 minutes to work through the cartogram pdf and try and create a cartogram and again any problems put something in the question answer and we'll try and help you out I'll just show you the other screen so I can the links to the data workbooks so basically if you download that zip file we sent you earlier you should have that folder with a workbook pdf and that data folder with the leads data so it's just a case of working through that workbook and you shouldn't end up creating a cartogram the workbook is also available via this link and as I said at 3.30 we're going to take a 15 minute break so at 3.45 I'll start talking again and we'll move on to using Tableau or having QGIS so again any questions just pop them in the chat hello everyone so hopefully you managed to create a cartogram we're now going to start looking at um Tableau so this session's a bit different there's no actual slides as such we get it's a practical hands-on exercise just get it to drive straight using Tableau because we have limited time so again what I'm going to do is I'm going to show you what's going to happen in the exercise and then I'll give you time to go away and do it and again stick your questions and answers in the box so let me just do a screen shuffle again I think what Tableau is it only runs on Windows and Max it doesn't actually run on Linux which I'm using so I'm going to have to run Tableau instead of virtual machine and Windows on my Linux box so this is why you have this slightly strange setup here but I'll continue so the exercise actually has two parts to it is a first part where you basically map some global some global data by country and there's a second part where you map from the census data um and what we're going to do I suggest is we just do the second part using the census data so let me just try and remember how to do this process okay so first of all and we're going to use data inside that census training data folder as a Tableau sub folder which contains all the data you need so you want to do any more downloads so let me just fire up Tableau you see Tableau is a lot more slick than Secuges it's quite a nice piece of software and what I want to do we're going to be using two files we've been using this travel gm.csv file which might just open in something notepad and you can see this is data about travel to work by some geography which is wards so we've got a shape file for that so let me just extract that and these are wards for 2011 so a bit like in QGS we first have to add the csv data to Tableau and then the shape file to Tableau and then do a bit of joining to create stick put together and then do some manipulation of the data and then create some sort of graphics and visualization using Tableau so let me have a look so the first thing I'm going to do is connect to the csv file so this is travel gm.csv and Tableau will read the data you can get rid of this thing on the side here so this is our data in Tableau this data interpreter thing here Tableau will try and do some cleaning on the data what we want to do is grab all this data here and we want to basically pivot the data let me start again okay let's try that again the instructions are really clear so if you follow which I wasn't doing you should be okay so the data been pivoted so this means instead of like I say 30 rows with five columns we've now got 150 rows of a single column so it's just a different way of representing the data but we need to do that for the Tableau to create visualization from it and we might want to it's quite good in Tableau where you rename the columns so this is actually word and this is local authority and this is travel to work method and this is a percentage of people using that travel to work method okay so we've done some work on the data on the csv data rather and we now want to add the boundaries so in the same way you can add and connect to a spatial file which will be our shapefile and you can see that we've got these connections to the csv and the shapefile and we've also got the file here I mean now we should relate the csv to the shapefile so the first way to do this is to double click but this is called the Tableau canvas so we double click the csv file on the canvas it creates this and then we can try and connect the shapefile so I drag it across here and you can see that Tableau has been quite clever and it's trying to create a join by itself about us how to tell it but it doesn't know how to join the data so like in QGIS we have to specify which fields to use to do the join so it's geocode in the csv file and geocode one in the shapefile and you can see it's made a join because to our csv file in Tableau we have our attributes and we have a geometry column from that shapefile and now we can actually having prepped the data from Tableau we can now do the actually interesting stuff and create visualizations from it so Tableau has different types of there's different parts to Tableau there's the preparation bit here you can create worksheets which are like where you build traffic and plots and stuff there are dashboards where you can create like visualizations for consumption by end users this can contain multiple worksheets so you could have a dashboard showing a map or a graphic and then you could like publish that to Tableau Public Online and then someone could do your visualization on a website and there's this thing called Tableau Stories where you can basically create 10 different steps or so and allow users to page through different visualizations to tell a story about your data which can be quite nice but you basically start with worksheets you build your visualization worksheets and then you can add them to dashboards and stories so we want to create our first worksheet and Tableau is all drag and drop you basically have your tables your data and then your your work area and you just drag stuff across to it in order to create your visualizations so the first thing we want to do is just create a table of our data so I'm going to drag the travel work myth across to local authority and wards so we've got the outline of the table you don't actually have the values yet because you have to tell Tableau how to display them so you want to display by percentage of people so we have to to drag this across here yeah okay you have to double click rather than dragging so important to tip there double click don't drag so now we have a table which shows the data from our csv by ward and then local authority and we want to now create a bar chart so that's another type of sheet drag percentage of people columns and travel to work method yeah so we're now we're symbolizing the data broken down as bar charts by travel work method so you can see for harper green for example the travel work method by non-employment okay yeah driving a car a van it's 35 percent and then you get the different breakdowns so that's non-geographic we can because of the boundaries you can create a map so again we create another sheet and we can add the geometry by double clicking and you can see we've got our senses boundaries within table and the minute we mouse over we just see the we don't we don't have to click on the individual areas but we can correct this grabbing words and now we get the individual areas but there's still some strange things going on because we've got like multiple things showing particular regions which we can correct so we can grab local authority as well so it disagrees by local authority as well i think the problem before was you could have awards with the same name in multiple local authorities so when it's grouping it's not showing the individual ones and then we can create a dashboard from our two plots from our bar chart and our map by clicking the new dashboard button so if you hover over here you can see the types of things you created so we've created a map so we can drag that across create a bar chart and what's nice about tableau is you can use one visualization to filter the other so you can use this as a filter and select asli bridge and it will then zoom to the boundary and you can see the stack of the boundaries or we can do the opposite we can use the map as a filter for the bar chart so and then we can zoom into one of the polygons click down here and it will show the bar chart just for that polygon so this is the exercise that you will now do and i suggest you start with the second step but if say if you get through that and you've got time left then you can do the first one as well it's a different exercise there's different data so you're not going to cause any problems so let me just swap my screen again if you download the census data pack there's a table intro workbook in it and again your data is within that folder you'll have a census training data folder and a table sub folder with all the data you need so just work for the pdf and any questions in the chat again and we're trying to help you and then at 4.45 we're bringing the data to a close with just some quick demos of stuff and any outstanding questions so chlorophyll maps are not without problems because they tend to apply the population's distribution uniformly across the extent of the polygon the census zone and you can see here for example so we've got a bunch of polygons and then what i've done is i've overlaid on top of our piece of aerial photograph and you can see that the actual within the actual real world you have areas of residential here and then over here you have areas of parkland and sport facilities where there's no actual people whereas if you were creating a chlorophyll map and shaded it all red then that would imply that there's people right across the entire zone it's not actually reflecting reality so there's been a trend in recent years for people when creating sort of type maps from census data is to create using alternative approaches called data metric mapping which is this idea where you have the polygons and then you have like a mask layer which contains residential areas and then what you do is you mask the polygons by the mask layer and you create a different form of mapping and one of the websites that does this is I think of datashine which is created by a bunch of folk down in UCL and this is alternative way of viewing census data and you can go to the datashine website and you can browse through all the various census variables and view them using so let me just show you datashine so you've not seen before this is what datashine looks like and you can see what they've done is they've taken all the boundaries and then clip that data based on buildings so you get a much more better representation of where the people live and stuff and it's a really nice website you can just browse through all the various types of census variable and see the various data that's available so you've got a travel for work myth for example and in London you could see travel work by bicycle so that's a nice thing to look at there's also a because the census is delivered separately in England it is from Scotland the data slide different so the datashine folk have a separate datashine Scotland website which uses the same approach but applied to Scottish data we can share those links afterwards if you've not seen this stuff before just go to this and also there's a really nice thing that ONS have produced called their effective maps guide let me just try and find it they published this back in 2018 and it's like a seven page document and it just walks you through I think these are designed for publishing officials to census like statistics but it's got some really nice great practice best practice rubber and it's quite digestible you just walk through it so it tells you about core lift maps it tells you about sort of how many categories you could choose and what's quite classification efforts to use and stuff it's got about well dot maps it's only got stuff about cartograms as well and it gives you advice on when cartograms are best to be used and stuff so it's a really nice thing to look at and I say it's only seven pages so it's really digestible we can maybe look at sharing those as well so that's really all I have to say for today


1820s and 1830s, there were attempts made to reapportion the legislature back then because people felt it wasn't fair and it was not sufficiently based upon population. Nothing ever happened, however, until the early 1960s, 140 years later when the some court decisions were made that said, yeah, that isn't fair. There isn't equal voting access in Vermont because of the one representative per town structure of the house in particular. And what you had and maybe the most stark way to illustrate that is that the town of Stratton had 38 people and one member of the Vermont House. And Burlington had over 35,000 people and had one member of the house. After that litigation, the dust cleared in the early to mid 1960s, the legislature reapportioned itself and established the apportionment board to come into being and start working every 10 years, about 18 months prior to when the legislature had to do its own final version of a new map. So the apportionment board has met about five or six times now. Every 10 years and we are, in a sense, advisory to the legislature. But we take that role very seriously and we'll be trying to provide the legislature with as much data and research and redistricting options as we can. But we have to redraw the lines every 10 years almost no matter what happens to the state population because the state's population tends to shift within the state. And if you've been following the internal population shift trends, those have been steady for 20, 30, 40 years. Now we have another 10 years worth of that trend. And it shows that the population in the southern part of the state and the maybe Southwest Central, Bennington, Wyndham and Rutland counties, is continuing to gradually lose population. And the northwest corner, Franklin, Lamoille and Chittenden predominantly, are gaining population. And when you have, I mean, in an ideal world, you would want each house and each Senate district to have the same number of people as each other ones, which means there's equality of representation. The law has said that the courts have said that doesn't have to be mathematically exactly equal, but it has to be substantially equal. And you have to make a sincere effort to make it as substantially equal as you can. At the same time, the Vermont law in this area says you should also try to have the legislative districts follow town boundaries and county boundaries. And you should do your very best not to subdivide towns and put them in different districts. Those end up being competing or colliding mandates. And it would be one thing if you said, well, we have 650,000 people in the state. We have 150 house members. We'll just use a computer program of sorts to create 150 house districts that are almost identical in population. And people have actually, we've done that as an exercise. But there's no very little resemblance to a state of Vermont map showing the towns. And there's a belief in Vermont that keeping the towns distinct within legislative districts is a good thing because it gives a legislative district some cohesion and the people in that legislative district share things in common. Not just who their legislative representatives. They may share a school district. They may share other relationships, commercial relationships. And maybe in the old days, they all went to the same market. But in many cases, they're also been in the same house district for a long time, and they're comfortable and accustomed to being joined with one or two other towns in that district, and they identify that way. So those are, Lauren Glenn, some competing mandates we have. But the one that Trumps that comes out on top under the law is the substantial equality of population. Because if you in the Stratton Burlington case from 1964, in a sense, in an important sense, the people of Stratton compared to the people of Burlington, the Stratton folks were way over represented. They had one house member for 38 people. And in Burlington, the residents were grossly underrepresented. And that's what we have to keep reminding ourselves. We have to avoid something that's stark. It's very unusual to have Senate districts with even three people serving at large. Vermont is the only one that currently has a six member at large district. And something can be said in favor of smaller districts as promoting better communication between the elected representative and the people being represented. And fundamentally, the problems that were encountered with a six member at large district were instead of representing 21 or 22,000 people, you were representing 140,000 people. And it also made campaigning for many people very expensive and very difficult. It gave great weight or power to name recognition or to incumbents. For that same reason and it's slowly but surely over the last 10 or 12 years, I think even the incumbent senators in the Chittenden Senate district came around to thinking, this is really too much. And in 2019, the legislature agreed and amended the law to say that you can't have a Senate district with more than three members at large. So in doing this redistricting work, this time around, we are looking at at least reducing that to two, three member districts. But we are also looking at other subdivision options, you know, all the way from six one member districts to three twos or some other combination. One of the problems we've encountered is that the US Census Bureau was under federal law was supposed to deliver us and the other states of final census numbers by March 31. This spring, we still don't have that. And now we've been we've been told August 15. It's going to be when we get the final numbers. But we do have some reasonable population estimates that are 2019 estimates. And we have been using those just to get our feet underneath us and to look at the districts that are likely to have need the most attention. And briefly, the methodology that the board uses is to establish what the ideal sized district is. And we'll talk about we can talk about the House ideal now, which is around forty two hundred people. We then look at the actual, in this case so far, the estimated population and we drop all those numbers together into a map of the Vermont House districts. And that tells us for each district, a percentage greater or less than the ideal for the population of that House district. And what the law says is that you should look at the House district with the highest positive deviation over their ideal number and compare it to the district with the greatest negative deviation from the ideal. And then you look at the spread between those two districts. And that's what's called the overall deviation for the entire map. And the law says that number should be reasonably tight. The courts have never, the courts have been careful to not micromanage this process because at some fundamental level, it has a political tinge to it. And the courts rightly try to stay out of the political arena. But something approaching the high teens for an overall deviation, for example, where you had a House district with a minus eight and a half or nine deviation, meaning that they have eight and a half percent fewer people than the ideal and a House district with an eight and a half or nine percent on the high end, creating a deviation of maybe 18 points. That's sort of pushing it. It's worth noting that the map that the legislature approved in 2012, the House overall deviation is 18.9 percent. So we have but no one challenged that in court. So it became the law and that's what we have now. But using the estimated census data, we've identified House and Senate districts that look like their percentage deviations are such that they need are going to need some adjustment. We will be issuing a an initial house map, sort of a preliminary house map and sending it out to all the towns, publishing it on our on our website and all of that. And a town that disagrees with how it's been placed in a district, particularly a town that we propose to subdivide or to put into a two member district. Those towns have the right to hold a public hearing, take testimony and then send us a counter proposal or criticisms of our initial mapping proposal. All those comments will be coming back to us from the the boards of civil authority in each town and the board of civil authority in each town is the select board members and the justices of the piece, plus the town clerk and that unit of government is chosen in large part because in towns that's the board of civil authority that has a sort of oversight authority over local elections. And they have some local expertise in that regard. We've asked the public, do you have a preference in general over a single member house district versus a two member house district? And do you feel strongly about the importance of following town lines and keeping towns intact? Do you prefer single member Senate districts? Should we go to all single member Senate districts, for example? And the the apportionment board did a version of that 10 years ago just to see what it would look like. And it doesn't look at all like a county map, no, no, no surprise. Interestingly, in Vermont, while we have this statute that talks about trying to preserve county lines, our county government in Vermont, our counties don't have much governance, value, or meaning in Vermont. But nevertheless, people identify with the county they're in. And when will you file your proposal with the legislature? Well, we were under our our statute. We're supposed to get all of this stuff done by the end of July. But the since the US Census Bureau has failed to send us the data that we need, the legislature enacted some changes that pushed this out into the late summer and into the fall. So if I had to make a estimate of when we would be getting this map out to the towns, I would say sometime in the middle to the end of September. Well, let's be in touch when those maps are drawn so that we can generate some more interest. And in the meantime, I really appreciate your time and the work of the apportionment board, the legislative apportionment board, in making sure that we get the kind of representation that we deserve in the state of Vermont. You got it. My pleasure. Thank you, Tom Little. Bye bye. Bye.


It is week seven, so time for a little pick me up. We've got a great group of guys this week that are just waiting for you to come and snatch them up and get them in your lineups. Rough week for buys, by the way. We've got bills, rams, Vikings, Eagles, all a lot to replace there. So let's go with James Winston, guys. His health is the thing to watch here, but he has a very generous schedule over the next few. It could be the perfect five-book replacement over the next month or so, and if he can get back out there. How about another quarterback for you? Matt Ryan, if you need a replacement for Hertz or Josh Allen, he's on by this week. I love Matt Ryan, he's coming off an awesome performance as we all know against that shaky Titans defense. All right, how about Kenyan Drake? J.K. Dobbins went down with a knee injury last week.  Alec Pierce, I told you about him last week. Yes, I did, but he's still somehow out there in 70% of leaks, then have you listened to me? Did he have another touchdown on Sunday? He did, so three straight games, double-digit fantasy points. I would definitely stack a Rusky with Matt Ryan, though. All right, how about Robert Tunyan? Seemed to be the only guy Rogers trusted on Sunday. 10 balls, 90 yards, 12 targets, scoop him up if he is still there in your league. Two review, shall we? These are your waiver wire grabs for the Up and Atom show. James Winston, Matt Ryan, Kenyan Drake, Alec Pierce, I liked that little stack in DFS and just saying, Matt Ryan, Alec Pierce and then Robert Tunyan for those Packers. All right, who I think have the Commanders this week, I bet who the Packers have, yeah. So that should be a nice game where he's dealing with pressure the whole time. Okay.


I just wanted to read one scripture where the Lord says to the disciples, John chapter 20 says, when he's appearing to them after the post the resurrection and he appears to them and then he says this, John 20 and verse 21, he says, Peace to you as the Father has sent me, I also send you, peace to you, all that. This is of course a Greek word, he's saying peace to you and as the Father has sent me, I send you. So the question is, how did the Father send him? Obviously with the anointing of the Holy Spirit and that is what we see in Luke chapter 4, the Spirit of the Lord is upon me, Luke 4.18, he has anointed me to preach the gospel to the poor, he has sent me to heal the broken hearted, to proclaim liberty to the captives and recovery of sight to the blind, to set at liberty those who are oppressed, to proclaim the acceptable year of the Lord. Luke chapter 4 verses 18 and 19. So saying that as the Father has sent me, that is what we see. As the Father has sent me, he has, I send you, he's commissioning us or he's commissioning his disciples in the same manner, with the same authority, with the same anointing saying as the Father has sent me, I have sent you. So that is something for us to keep in mind as we think about reaching or sharing the message of truth in our spirit of influence, sharing Christ with others, that the Lord has sent us as the Father has sent Jesus in the same manner, so nothing different. So that should really embolden us, that should also give us an idea of the authority and identity that we possess and with which we can actually minister or share. So let's pray. Okay. Father, we thank you, Lord, that you send us in the same manner the Father sent you, Lord. Father God, what an awesome privilege, Lord, to be sent to the anointing of the Holy Spirit, to be sent, O God, with the manifestations, expressions of the Holy Spirit. Lord, that you are our wisdom, Lord, you are our righteousness, Lord. And Father God, to walk in that Christ confidence. Master, we pray, I pray for each one of us, Lord, I pray that we will, every time we, Lord, every day of Father God, that we'll be aware of this Father God, that you are sending us the way you were sent, O God, with all power, with all authority, Master, and Lord, maybe never forget that, maybe never forget who we are, the ones who are sent, who are called out, who are chosen, who are sent out in the name of the Lord, in the name of the Lord, in the power and the anointing of the Lord. We thank you, Lord. May I walk with you, may I walk, Lord, we express that power, may I walk, manifest, Lord, your glory. We thank you in Jesus, match his name, we pray. Amen. Okay, so from today, two sessions and the next session also, we will see tomorrow also, we'll see how many we can cover, right? So student presentations, so we have a list of topics, sermon topics, sermon title, okay, I think we have about 13 minus 2, so that's about 11 who have actually entered, right? So others have not, so if you haven't, I just want to request you to fill in that, the sermon topic and title, and so we can, you know, evaluate, okay, right? So, yes. I have a question before starting, sorry, I could, I was not able to access the that link for a couple of times, I tried, so that's a comment, I entered it, but I have my title ready, whenever I present it. Okay, let me just post it on the stream, again, you can maybe, you couldn't access it, you didn't have, it's denying access, is it that? Actually, I've shared, I've given editor rights to everyone, so it's, I really should not deny access. Anyway, I've shared it on the stream, you can take a look at it and then enter the details, right? Okay, right, okay, so here I have, Richard's here, so let's start off, so I shall ask Mr. Prince to take the first one, and your friend's only one shit, Jack in, okay, okay, Jack in, this is your shit, so your name has come up, so what we'll do is, no, like we said, it's 10 minutes, right, so are you ready, Jack in, you're ready to present? Yes, pastor, so I'll, can you hear me? Yeah, sure, we can, we can hear you. So, just one second, let me start the timer and then we can give me a minute, sorry, yeah, okay, so 10 minutes, yeah, yeah, you can, I'll just tell you and you can stop, yeah, so it means that you couldn't complete it, which means you overshot, so, okay, so probably, what I'll do is probably by ninth minute, I'll give a, I'll put a text, you know, and then, so I don't want to disturb you things, just keep your eye on the chat, so you have one minute to complete, okay, so Jack in, you're ready, okay, yeah, go ahead, please. Thank you, pastor, so the topic that I chose was unshakable peace, living in a place of quiet and rest, so let's read from Mark, chapter 4, 33 onwards, on the same day, when evening had come, he said to them, let us cross over to the other side, now, the multitude took him along in the boat as it was, and other little boats were also with him, and the great windstorm arose, and the waves beat into the boat, so that it was already filling, but he was in the stern asleep on a pillow, and they awoke him and said to him, teacher, do you not care that we are perishing? Then he arose and rebuked the wind and said to the sea, peace be still, and the wind ceased, and there was great calm, but he said to them, why are you so fearful? How is it that you have no faith? So here we clearly see of an instant, I'm sorry, instance in the life of Jesus and his disciples, so Jesus was very much with them in the boat, but it's just that they could not recognize who Jesus was at that time when the storm came, and also they failed to understand what God can do for them. So many times even in our own lives, we might face storms and that should never alarm us. The first thing is, we ask God, Lord, I'm obeying you, I've been walking with you, and why is the situation, Lord? So but when that storm arises, it should never alarm us. We have this richness of promises that he has given us in his word, but what happens is just like the disciples, when we question God, he just strengthens us and he gives us the grace to depend on him. So that grace is very much available to us. So even if we question, so he gives us the grace and the presence of the Holy Spirit is with us. So as we renew ourselves, so this is an everyday thing that we do, and he helps us to do it because as we renew our mind in the Word of God, and his presence continually guides us. So when we grow in his presence, so everything else, including the storm, becomes void and everything else becomes unnecessary in our lives. All that we hear is his clear, still voice. So his voice is never confusing. It's so still, assuring us, strengthening us and comforting us. It comforts our inmost being. So here we see when the world went arouse, the waves beat into the sea. So similarly, the voices of the enemy and the human voices, maybe they can even say it for our own good, but it just gets inside us. It goes and it runs into our minds and thoughts. It forms a pattern in our lives and we get restlessness and we get anxiety, tension and depression and then we question ourselves. But the Lord has given us his Word to trust in him. He says, in Psalms, be still and know that I am God. So when we turn ourselves from the worldly voices or the voice of the enemy that's attacking us and align ourselves with the scriptures, we immediately get his peace. So that is something that we have to be mindful of. As we walk in him, as we grow in him, everyday things, people might change, situations might come, circumstances might come. But the Lord says, in this world, you will have trouble, but I have given you my peace. So let us always focus on God and what he has told. When we focus on his promises, his Word, this can never affect us. And even in Job, we see of a situation because when fear comes and controls us. So that what we fear might happen. So we should be very careful that we never let this fear worry or doubt overtake us because the devil comes to steal, kill and destroy. But Jesus has come to give us abundant life and life in full. So when the devil takes away our joy and peace, so then we can never walk from a place of faith and peace. Even our decisions will be out of fear and we react in fear and we say so. What we say might not be aligned with what God wants us to. Here also, we see the disciples, they immediately, they're reacting out in fear and confusion. They're asking teacher, are you not, do you not care that we are perishing? But we know Jesus, he has said, I will never leave you nor forsake you. So his Word is like, and he has come to give us life. So when we are in fear, we sometimes question the very fact of who Jesus is. We might also ask questions like, Lord, do you not care for me? Do you not know that I'm going through this situation? Lord, you very much know that I love you, but what is happening now, Lord? I have trusted you. So very much we question the very fact that who Jesus is. But Jesus himself is our peace. He's given us everything. And when we are facing the situation, we also know that he has get us away. But these alarming thoughts, when it comes, immediately ask the Lord for strength. Lord, help me, Lord, because we can do this only by His grace and the Word is greater as He who is within me than who is in the world. And when He fills us with His peace, no one can shake that peace from us because it is deep within. And all our reactions, all of our attitudes and all of our motives will come from that place of peace. So when we continually keep on doing this, trusting in Him day after day, week after week, so this becomes our lifestyle. And we see that the disciples, one thing that I would like to encourage is the same disciples who had asked, you know, like, Peter, do you not care that we are perishing? But the same disciple John wrote in John's Gospel 14, 26 to 27, we read, Peace I leave with you.  Let not your heart be troubled, neither let it be afraid. So as we go through life situations and as we go through this troubling situations, it is possible for us to go from that place that we actually questioned God during our storms to a place of quiet and rest. It is a journey. It is a journey with our Lord. And through it all, through it all, we should never forget that He is with us and He gives us the strength to overcome. And He alone is our Comforter. And as we focus, as we keep focusing on Him, His Word, His love, His love is more than enough for us. Even if everything else fails, Jesus is the same yesterday, today and forever. And His Word never changes. We can just hold on to His Word and we have the Holy Spirit within us. So as I was taking this topic, Lord, why are you asking me to share about this topic, which I struggle so much? But the Lord said, I'm teaching and you just share what I'm teaching. So as I was preparing this, it is so much possible for us to live in this peace. But why we are not able? Where is our struggle? It's because we do not depend on Him. We have to depend. We depend on so many other things. We have so many other choices. And then we say, Lord, Lord, what has happened? But I just want to encourage us with this, that when we see God and trust in His Word and yield to His voice and obedience, no matter how difficult it is, we might be facing a rough patch in life and nobody can understand what's happening in our lives. But we keep drawing from Him and that keeps us constant, unshakable. And nobody can shake us from that point because it is inside of us. People can see our exterior. But what is within us? Nobody can see. So He moves and we just hold His hand. We just hold His hand, depend on Him, walk in this quietness and rest. And the Lord says, in quietness and confidence is your strength. So just like Jesus, we can be resting, we pour on resting on His rich promises. And He slept when the storm came. So we have our rich promises in God. So just like Jesus, we'll be sleeping on our rich promises because Jesus has said it and He has given us the anointing. He has given us the grace and He has given us the power to overcome.  Thank you, Shaikin. Yeah, thank you. Just a few thoughts here. Okay, I just made some notes as you were sharing. So like what would really help further is the flow, like a logical flow of things. If you were to share, okay, like three things of four things and call it out, because you shared a lot of things about continuing to have a lifestyle of unshakable peace, which is opposite of fear and so on. So which is all good things, very inspiring, very helpful. But if it was presented in a logical way, so you say, these are three things, it would help the listener. And also the application of it. I think you are actually stating the application, okay, you can be a little more specific in the application and call out everyday situations like, what would it be for a mother who's getting the child ready for whatever, exams or what would be for a working professional, if he has to pay, he has to face a presentation or something like that or a student, exams and so on. So that would really give it even more impact when you're presenting. So I just wanted to share that, right? Thank you. Thank you so much. Okay, so who's next? Anand, please, no, no, no, your turn to take the Samuel. Okay, Samuel Madhu, is it? Are those different? Okay, one second, let me just check Samuel Madhu, right? Okay, Samuel, are you ready to present? Samuel Madhu? Samuel Madhu? Yeah, I see that you have logged in. We can't hear you, you can unmute and or you can put on the chat. Samuel's topic is not there. Okay, Samuel, we'll, okay, okay, okay, fine. Okay, then we'll, Anand, one more please. Take, take, take, take. Okay, okay, okay, so you have Francis to present. Okay, so, yeah, sorry, you're presenting from there? You're logged in? Have you logged in? You're not logged in? Okay, you can sit where Anand is sitting and then present. Sure. All right, you can, you can pass the mic. Sorry, I'm just getting a few things set here. So, okay, so we have Francis presenting next. Francis, I'll tell you when to start. Just check the sound and everything, please. Oh, you can use the mic, which is here. Check. Yeah. No, I need a high speaker. Take, check. No, this is. No, no, no, no. Take. Yeah, okay. Yeah, he's ready to sit here. You're ready? Okay. Okay. Okay. Good morning. You're on. You're on mute. You're on mute. I'm in France. Oh, I need to unmute. I'm sorry. Let's start from the beginning again. Okay. So, I just need to switch off the mic when he starts. Okay, we'll do that. Okay. Good morning, everyone. So, is it helpful? Everybody is doing well. Thank you, Pastor, for this wonderful opportunity given to us, especially in-person students. It's a great experience preparing the message and welcoming all in-person students, online students and who is doing e-learning and who is going to listen to this voice. So, my topic is Shepherd. Everybody knows that on scripture, Sam 23. Everybody by hearted that one. So, nothing need to describe about that, but I want to share something. What is Shepherd? Shepherd means like in the God's name, Jehovah Rahi, but there's something behind that. Shepherd. So, in we are looking at the worldly life, they are normal shepherds are there. There are two type of shepherds on his good shepherd and the one is they will come for rental. So, what the good shepherd will do is they will take care about their sheep. They will take care about their lambs as it is on. They will not care about their sheep, but what the person do coming for the wages as a rental, as a labor, they will take this sheep to somewhere and he will sleep nicely. He not need to take care because he is coming for wages. He not need to do anything. Water is coming. I am getting salary. That is the mind of that person, but we are going to discuss about the good shepherd who paid for us. So, a shepherd isn't we can describe like us to only is our Lord Jesus Christ. Another one is the who pastor God has sent for us who is teaching us. First, I want to share regarding little of pastor and I will come back to Jesus Christ. So, one day I am talking with the pastor. He said the word pastoral ministry is not easy. It's like as how shepherd is taking care about sheep. Every sheep are not same. If I have experience to growing the sheep, what will happen is like if we are doing anything, the sheep won't do anything. We want to do one thing with the sheep. We need to do the particular effort. They won't drink water nicely. We should push, push, push. Sometimes the gods will hit us, kick us. We should overcome that. The same like as pastors who are going to do the pastoral ministry is not an easy job. We should take care about God, but don't expect the God will do same thing to us. So, coming back to Jesus Christ, what Jesus Christ did for us? He died for us. In John 10, love one, the Jesus is explaining about that. I am the good shepherd. The good shepherd will give life for the sheep. Even coming through the Psalm 23, first verse, the Lord is my shepherd, I shall not want. In NIV verse and he is saying, I will not lack for anything because Lord is my shepherd. Just to think about who is the other is the David. What is the job of David before he is getting the crown? He is a shepherd. He is taking care about his father's sheep. So, he knows very well what is the duty of shepherd. He is considering, he is a sheep and Lord is the shepherd. So, he only shared to King Saul what happened in his shepherd in time. In the forest, what happened? The lion and on time bear came to his sheep. I say shepherd what he did. He ran. Just to think on 16 years old boy, he is a shepherd. He is running for his sheep. He is a shepherd. He is the identity and responsibility of a shepherd. He takes the sheep. On time, we are also a lost sheep. We are also inside of the mouth of the enemy. Jesus Christ, he is a shepherd. He paid for us the last drop of the blood for us. He proved that he is a good shepherd. So, what we need to do, we have some responsibilities. First one is be fruitful and bore more sheep. It means share the gospel all of the world and take more sheep to the kingdom of God. Just to think about next to verse of the Psalm 23, the second verse, he made me to lie down in pastures.  I'm really thinking what is green pastures. A lot of visions people saw me regarding green pastures. I'm thinking about that. So finally, I got is a blessing is a new beginning. We don't need to lack for the blessings because the shepherd is always there to give what we need, what we want. Yesterday, I'm hearing about on message, the evangelist Nick. He's saying something regarding prayer and asking from the shepherd. He don't have arms and legs. He prayed for that. He didn't got. But his answer, I really wondered about me. We are asking anything to our shepherd. Jesus Christ, I need this. I need this. He know everything. What sheep need to eat, what sheep need to wear, everything the shepherd knows. We are asking anything. God is not replaying. What is that? We are keeping God down. God have something more we need to do. You see, the green pastures is more than our thinking. It's more than our imagination. What the shepherd want to do to us. What the shepherd want to give to us. So my dear brothers and sisters, classmates, I want to encourage you with these words. Be under the shepherd, obeyed in him, listen to him, walk through him. See, listen from him and obey him what he is showing, which way he's going, follow him in all the situation of the life. God bless you. Okay. We have some more time, Francis. Okay. Thank you. Okay. So that was good. Again, when it comes to the flow of things, it would help if you share it. I think it was good that you distinguish between the ministry of the shepherd and Jesus being our shepherd, being a role model. And that was the clarity. And then also him being our example of being the shepherd. So how do I practically transfer it into my life? Into my life, if you can, you can always go into more details like, you know, and that would also help understand.  So maybe you can pick the next shift. Okay. Okay, Rinne is not here, right? She's logged in. Okay. She's not here. Okay, you pick some, I'll put it back and then pick someone else. Nina, John. Okay. Okay. So Nina, John. Oh, Nina. Okay. Nina, John is online. Hi, Nina. Are you ready to present? Can I have 10 minutes if somebody else can go in and then? I'm so sorry? Can I have 10 minutes? I mean, if someone else can go in now, I'll just take a little. Is that okay? Okay. 10 minutes more. Is it okay? You want to present after this? Okay. Okay. I see Rinne Chin back. So Rinne, if you're ready, you can present. Are you ready? I don't see. Pasa, can I do it in the next class? Next class. Okay. Are you out of the country or something? Okay. Okay. Okay. Then I'll pick the next shift. Let's see if... Okay. Shubh Kumar. I think I see Shubh Kumar. Is he online? Okay. All right. Okay. So Shubh Kumar, can you share? Shubh Kumar, yes. Are you ready to share? Oh, but today was the presentation. So, and you need to, you need to put the topic. I'm surprised that the topic is not ready yet. So, you know, kindly put it before end of day today. Right? So there can be no delays about the topic. Okay. Right. So, who else is... Okay. Shubh Kumar, next class. Okay. Okay. I have Ravali. Ravali Potala. So, Ravali. My buster. So, you're ready. Okay. So, your topic is... The topic is blank, but the title is Uncertain God. Yeah. Okay. So, Uncertain God. Fine. Can you just give me a few seconds? I'll just... Yeah. Just let me know when you're ready. Sure. We'll start off. Okay. So, I think, anyway, with this, we'll go into the break after Ravali's presentation. Okay. Do I need to use a video or something? Yeah. Yeah. You can go ahead. You can share. Okay. Can you turn on my video? What? Sorry? Yeah. Sorry for the background and the presentation in my screen. You're ready? One. I'm presenting my screen faster. Okay. Okay. Hope my screen is visible right now. Yeah. It's coming up. Yes. Okay. I think you can start the timer. Yeah. Start it. Okay. Thank you. Good morning, everyone. Thank you so much for this opportunity. Today, I would like to share something that God has put on my heart for a while now. And the sermon topic for today is Uncertain God. Where is... Where I wanted to focus on in terms of so much uncertainty, how God is being so certain about us and our future. So, for this session, I'll just start with the question. What is the uncertainty you are facing? If you're around the mic, you can just grab the mic and say, if you're facing some kind of uncertainty, you can just give one or two answers. So, I have only 10 minutes, so you have to be quick. So, you can just say one or two answers. If you are facing... I think we're not very certain. Go ahead, Ravali. Okay. Okay. Yes. So, in this time, it's okay. Let me put it across like this. In this time, we all do face some kind of uncertainty about our future, about our present, or anything that we are thought about or dreamt about. And in this uncertain times, as believers and followers of Jesus Christ, how we move forward in life. What kind of attitude, what kind of perspectives that we need to have in order to live a victorious life that Jesus has already given us. To demonstrate or to explain that I would like to take a small story from the Bible, and I'm only taking one particular verse, chapter, which is the Newt, chapter 8.  We all know it starts from verse number 22. I will read it for you guys. So, now it happened on a certain day that he got into a boat with his disciples and he said to them, let us cross over to the other side of the lake and they launched out. So, I would like you to remember the highlighted words. That is the reason I'm presenting in my screen today. So, let us cross over to the other side on a very amazing day, like a cool day. Imagine Jesus is on the boat with the disciples and they are just going to the other side and disciples are so excited. Maybe, yeah, we are joining with Jesus and we are going to the other side. And 23rd verse, the second verse says, but as he sailed, he fell asleep and a windstorm came down on the lake and they were filling with water and were in Jeopardy. Jeopardy is so much of chaos, so much of fear, so much of confusion. It could be termed as that as well, when the winds and the storms hit the boat. Imagine, you can see here in the picture that Jesus amazingly sleeping but the disciples around him were so scared of further lives and what's happening around them and going to the next tours and they came to him and awoke him saying, Master, Master, we are perishing. Then he arose and rebuked the wind and the raging of the water and they seized and there was a calm. Going forward, but he said to them, where is your faith? And they were afraid and marveled saying to one another, who can this be? For he commands even the winds and water and they obey him. Here when you continue the story, the first part is they all are going to the other side. Jesus said, let's go to the other side and in the middle of the way, in the middle of the ocean, right in the middle of the ocean, they were facing some kind of a situation there where they were hit by the winds and the waves and the water is getting into the boat and the disciples who walked with Jesus all this while who saw him feeding, you know, so many 5000 people who saw him healings and miracles, everything they have been seeing with Jesus and when they faced this kind of a situation, they couldn't really see what Jesus is seeing and it sounds funny, but Jesus sleeping in midst of the storms, even the water is splashing on his face, maybe even the water is coming in the boat, but he's just sleeping. So your situation doesn't define the rest and the peace that you could be in. Jesus defines it. So wherever he is there, even in the midst of the storm, even in the midst of whatever situation, even in the midst of the fire like we saw in the book of Daniel, when he is there, when he is there, so there is peace and there is rest. So when Jesus immediately woke up and she was like, oh God, people are, you know, people are very very chaotic and they are being afraid, he rebuked the wind. He didn't even think a minute, he rebuked the wind and the raging of the water and they seized and there was calm in the atmosphere. So from the place of calm, Jesus rebuked the wind and that brought calm in the physical realm, in the atmosphere that the disciples are facing. But the question comes to us, you know, but he said to them, where is your faith and they were afraid and marveled and they were like, wow, this is Jesus. But this is the same Jesus that they've been, you know, seeing for a very long time now. Let's go move forward into the story. But eventually, did they reach the other end? Yes, they did reach their other end. So I would like to present four things that we could take away from this story. One, in this time of our, your uncertain times that we are living in. So we are called to live under the shadow of the certain God. He has no doubts about us or our future. He has no doubts. We are the people on the receiving end, we have doubts and it is natural to have it. So how do we overcome it is something that we need to learn as disciples and believers of God. So the first point is he is in the boat. So recognizing that God is in the boat. Sometimes we forget that once we see something hit us, we always feel so overwhelmed that we forget that we have Jesus Christ with us in our lives. In fact, the Holy Spirit is residing inside us. The Prince of Peace is residing inside us. Just remind ourselves that he is in the boat. And the second one, awakening, realizing that who Jesus is, what he is able to, how much mighty and power that he has. And this is the perfect story that through this story and situation, Jesus is not only teaching his disciples, but to all of us that during this kind of situations that we face, we need to realize the power of God. The power of God makes us to change the environment, our perspectives and how we see a problem. See, every impossibility is a possibility for God. So if we have an impossible situation, we glad in one way because that is a situation where God can show his power. We can see the glory of God even through those difficult, impossible situations that we are facing. And the third one is the offensive. Jesus is what he did. He didn't sing a song with the storm. He didn't really had a conversation with the storm. And we often don't realize that we need to be offensive. We need not to be always defensive and put ourselves in the bucket of a self-pigot. I'm only going through why God, why what happened. Yes, we go through all those emotions, but realizing when you realize the power of Jesus Christ, that kind of awakening comes into our heart and that realization and conviction comes into our lives. We take the position and authority that Jesus has given to us. As he said in Isaiah 61, one that he anointed us to do so, not anybody. So be offensive, rebuke the storms. How long I should rebuke? Rebuke until it goes. Rebuke until the devil knows that he needs to flee away. Because what it was told, resist the devil and it will go. Don't speak to the devil, just rebuke it. And the fourth one, the one is the other side. When Jesus promised that we are going to the other side, that's it. In between, all this is happening. There is a process, there is, there is a learnings there are, we are going closer to God, learning how to live with Jesus. But yes, at the end of the day, we are going to the other side. That is a portion, that is the hope and the promise that God has given to us. So I feel that I will leave you with this thought. That I reiterated that, I want to reiterate this part that every impossible time is up. Just finish that sentence. Yeah, whatever. Yeah, I think I'm done faster.  Yeah, so wanted to stop here that every impossible situation is a possibility for God. So yeah, thank you so much. Thank you. Thanks. Thank you. Just a few things. That last slide that you put up, that's a takeaway. So I was just wondering if you could reword that, those four things. First is, of course, Jesus is in the boat, which means that he is with us in our situations. That's great that we could understand. But the second one was awakening. So I was just wondering if you could reword it some other way. That would be easy to understand. The third thing also, be offensive. I think what you meant to us, be on the offensive in the sense, move forward, don't be defensive. But when you say be offensive, that means to offend someone with your word or action. So you can be on the offensive would be like don't be passive or be active is what you meant. So that's it. Then, of course, the other side, the surety of the other side, the certainty of the other side going on to the other side, because the certainty of the destination, which the Lord has stated. So that was, yeah, just thought I'll share that. Thank you. Thank you so much, Pastor. Most welcome. Okay, so we'll take a break. We'll come back at 10.05. Okay, now it's 9.55. 10.05. Thank you.