Think Tech Hawaii. Civil engagement lives here. Happy to have you back on a show. This show here recognizes that on our most beautiful islands here of Hawaii, which is most substantially beautiful, we just say architecture has to be equal to that, and we're not giving up on hoping that. And mostly we find examples for that in the past and we want to learn from the past for the future. And today we want to go, can we have picture one? It's like a following up show from one that we do two shows ago. If we can get picture one up for that one. So here that was with the Soto Brown and we were sort of touching the edge of the campus of UH, which is in the foothills of our awesome jungle of Manoa Valley. And we were talking about the gateway dorms and this picture is provided by the Soto here who when he's not on the show, you know, he usually would have to charge the pictures but he gave us three today for free. So thank you to Soto for that one here. And we also owe to give you the architect of the awesome gateway dorm building and this is the one you can read here, Merrill Ruring on Dora and Kinder here, who did that building. And it's the gateway to campus and if you continue that road, which is pretty much East West Center Road, you end up on something, and again, Don Hibbert gave us the information of the architects once again. Thank you Don for that. So next picture is where we end up going. This is East West Road. This leads up into the valley, into the campus here. And this has to do with a project that was initiated by Lyndon B. Johnson at that point in the late fifties and then in 63. The picture at the top right, Kennedy in his Lincoln Continental was cruising down Calacao Avenue and few months later he did the same in Dallas and that didn't go well and he was assassinated, as we know. His wife, Jackie Kennedy, was basically choosing an architect, I am paid for designing the memorial library for her husband, which you see at the very bottom right. And because of that tragic happening of the assassination of President Kennedy, the project was basically renamed after Kennedy, which is a little ironic next picture because I just was watching a documentary on CNN about the Kennedys and they were saying Johnson and Kennedy weren't really getting along that well with each other. So this is basically the groundbreaking here and you see Johnson there. And every other week's co-host is Soto Brown who provided these pictures here. At the age that you can see him up left, he heard that Johnson was coming back some one, two years later after Kennedy was shot and he was revisiting his project, which had been finished in 1962. And he sort of heard about it and he was rushing with some buddies to the intersection of Metcalf and University Avenue and then Johnson was not afraid to stick his head out and his body out of the moonroof and basically shake hands and he shook the hands of Little to Soto twice here. So this is a little story behind that here, how it all came about. And the next picture is also a donation by Soto Brown here, which you can see the east-west center. But the part we want to focus on is not the event space and research facility in front, but basically in the back. And next picture is showing by what many say and pay himself as well that the inspiration for that building was by the architect Le Corbusier. And Le Corbusier built something called the Unité d'habitation. The most prominent one is in Marseille, but a little patriotic here with my original German culture. There's also one in Berlin that I chose for this one here. And the next picture is that preparing the show, I ran across an article that is called Concrete Paradise by a guy whose name is Darren Bradley. And Darren Bradley is an awesome photographer who shoots the best architecture all around the world and is also a great critic at the same time. And I reached out to him and wanted to ask him for permission to use his best photography and he wasn't able to get back to me. So hopefully now, retrospectively, Darren, if you see this here, I hope you'll find. So all the good pictures that you see, a quote up there, a link is basically by Darren Bradley here. So from here on, I will pass on because today is not so much like I'm the host and you're the guest or the professor, you're the student, but it's basically us as, I shouldn't say I witness, but basically as all senses witness as residents of this building here. And if you bring the next picture here, Mo, please walk us through the pictures and your experience with your building. Okay, first of all, thank you, Martin, for having me in the show. This is my dorm. By the way, I'm a graduate student at the School of Agedeshia at UH Manoa. And I'm currently staying in the building of Hale Manoa, the one that we previously showed. And this is my dorm room. As you can see the width of the room, it's very narrow and this is a single room. So the picture to the left, you can see my workstation area. I am trying to maximize the use of the space and the picture to the right, you can see my bed mattress. I leaned it up so I can do some work out in the middle of my room so I have more space for my work. So moving on to the next picture, there's a picture of a double room there. And originally all the rooms at Hale Manoa, they were all double room and then later they divided some of those rooms to have a single room. Basically I think is to have more residents be able to host a lot of people at once. So you can see the curtains, the ambient lighting into the interior. And we're going to move on to the next picture I want to show you. So picture to the left here is showing a unisex bathroom. So in my unit I have other females and other males that we are all friends from all over the world. We are sharing the bathroom here. It's a very safe environment very friendly at the same time. People are very matured. So you can see a picture on the right side. There's the shower right there. And the next picture I will show you there's the narrow stairs that lead you up from the main floor to each of the living areas. So at Hale Manoa, the living floors so we have the kitchen on every third floor. So I'm on the 12th floor but I don't live on the 12th floor. I live on the 13th. So you can see the picture here with the stairs is leading up to the 13th floor or you can take stairs to go down to the 11th floor. So picture on the right shows the narrow path within each of the dormitory rooms. So as you said the private spaces are kept very tight, very small just about as big as they need to be which the hallways are just about to cold probably even a little less. Exactly. And to then basically afford what we're going to see in the next couple pictures, right? So number 11. So this next picture here shows a very beautiful elongated view of the hallway. So this is the 12th floor that I'm talking about. As you can see the ceiling above so above that's where students are living and below the floor you're seeing that's the 11th floor. But I mentioned to Martin something very important here visually that the way I am designed to the building see the heavy structures. It's perfectly framing the landscape outside. You can see how Manoa valley from here there's a very picture here on the left. So that's the Jefferson Hall right on the corner of the picture. And as I said all the pretty pictures the big ones are by Darren and all the little ones they are sort of semi professional more dilettant are by me. And this is all the pictures that you saw in the recent past is when you generously hosted us and welcomed us to basically tour us the building and have us. And us means basically a studio last year I've read you at studio and again you explained the building to us in a very kind way and so that's you know the pictures sort of show this sort of idealist you know star architect photographer view and then sort of our more post occupancy evaluating evidence-based design because we want to learn from that building right? Exactly. So we can move on to the next picture here. So this next picture here like a Martin he will give the credit to the photographer. Yeah that's Darren again. Yeah so. And this is another spill out place right where it basically cuts through. We have to say at this point that the orientation of the building as you can imagine because we're looking at Gateway Dorms and Gateway Dorms we explained that V is facing south and south is pretty much looking Diamond Head and now it is pretty much looking Maoka. So you got Makai view, Ocean view and Diamond Head view and City view on one side and then you got the Maoka view to the other side with different exposures. So this is facing pretty much south and you're looking at this composition and again Darren did such a great job that I think it really highlights the beautiful easy breezy single loaded corridor Gateway Dorms which we talked about last time and sort of camouflage is the hermetic invasive beast of Freer Hall and which we if we go to the next picture this is what I in sharp contrast with my not so good skills I brought out the invasive beast in front of Diamond Head and it really depends on again on the time of the day and the person who looks so it's like if you look at a picture you call these frame views and it's like pictures depending on the museum who looks at the picture you see something differently but they're all framing our natural and build environment in symbiosis or sometimes in conflict but let's go keep walk on and so tell us where we go now So actually this is my kitchen on the 12th floor of Halle Manoa you can see my friend a 21 Valdes sitting there he was asked by the photographer if he can take the picture of him and of course he's a gentleman he agreed to that as you can see the arrangement of the tables and the furniture around it is a very communal area so you can see on the railing side there are those openings through the concrete it's part of allowing the tropical climate to flow through the kitchen area so this communal area the kitchen it works out very well as you can see on the ceiling there has never been any time that you can see any collection of a mark spot when you cook the smokes and the steams you don't see that at all this is a perfect example of a design that responses to the climate here in Hawaii absolutely and I am so thankful to live at the East West Center in the meantime absolutely and so we felt up there at the right corner same feeling, same experience always cool, always comfortable very nice well-being appropriately designed and the next picture is again me with my dilettant skills but maybe good in this case here where basically just the auto focus of the iPhone camera was basically focusing on the panoramic and that's not unlike how you actually I mean Darren did a great job because he wanted to point out the architecture and show the details but perceptionally sometimes this is close too where you basically just have this and what set the top right corner is from a show that we did with David Liang who is a colleague of yours and in graduate school within our program and he was touring with us his grandmother's dwelling which is not un-similar, it's public social senior housing at the beginning of Kalakaua Avenue and this is her view from Herla Nye so once again whereas these days views like that you probably have to be a millionaire and buy into the upmost penthouse in some of the Howard Hughes Towers but that's so great about these architects that they basically gave this sort of very rich experience to the people who can't afford it the least I think it's designed for the people Oh absolutely, yeah, no, perfectly sad, yeah so next picture one more time again obviously the kitchens and enhancing this sort of commutal once again like if you're in Hawaii why would you want to stay in your dorm room by yourself exactly, why don't you get together and cooking is the best sort of event to get social and talk that's why everybody makes a friendship long-lasting a friendship you know and we have to say that this is on UH territory but West Center is an independent entity It is and its mission is if I'm correct is basically refer and represent the Asian Pacific realm and invite people like you from other islands and out there to be here for a while and make this possible we don't want to talk exact rates but we know that you told me that the rates here are very moderate and they're more moderate than the housing on campus delivering you know, UH and for sure more affordable than the ones of the private student housing that's going up at the intersection of King and University Avenue which we were shedding a light at in the last show with the SOTO and we were like having these steep price tags of like $1,700 for a studio which means this is exclusive you can only have rich kids stay there and this is very inclusive both sort of from the intercultural mix and also from the social equity point of view that's pretty excellent so the next picture is again one that from Darren's website here which was shot right after the building was completed but we want to point out if you look at the pretty much East West facades which is very bioclimatic because that's where the sun is the lowest and the most problematic facade this is getting hit by the low by the lowest sun in the afternoon and you want to keep that close so he was basically designing with a sun in mind and keeping this close but you can see that he articulated that what we could call a double facade by this line and you can see it's approximately like two feet that that IMP was dedicated to and explain a little bit more how you experience that sort of that clever facade so those thick wide sunbreakers we can call it that in the architecture world they serve a double duties you know they provide sun provide shoulder from the sun at the same time it's clever how IMP recessed the living interiors right next to the wall but it's a little recessed into the inside so the sun is directly on the occupants yeah so it's a bioclimatic double facade that basically keeps out the sun and the rain and people always say when we design something like that which we tie they say oh this doesn't work because then you get a windy and rainy day but you experience that hardly ever you know accept some really crazy storms which is hard to keep the water out anyways but the moderate wind and rain is going to you know not go much further in than these two feet and if so they're like these draining holes drainage holes that get the water out that little water and the surfaces are all like outdoorsy right so there's no carpet to ruin right there's no nothing to mold it's basically all solid we call it stear atomic concrete and it's all easy breezy and holds up really well as as you kind of point out and since we're talking about these bioclimatic features of the building let's jump to the next picture and talk a little bit about what we see here though so the big picture on the right side there's an example of it's called a storm windows so the wind is blowing up through from the bottom of the ledge where the window is sitting there wouldn't and you can see the handle there you can rotate it to close it or open it and it's located on the north side of the building and so you can adjust it according to the wind to allow and control how much wind you'd want inside if it's getting windy and there's a little screen above it so that's keeping out I would say the box so we're coming from the right picture as we're talking about the Malca side the north side this is where the wind comes from the rain comes from so here you don't want to have the wind the cooling wind come in directly you get it indirectly by basically it being glazed horizontally but then open permeable from below very clever bioclimatic design and the next picture is getting a little bit away from the science but more to the arts here we made a show about these features facade features here we call it Corbuses Hawaii Breeze Soleil because there's a lot of pieces of architecture that were inspired by Le Corbusier's later work where he was introducing these these three-dimensional shading devices mostly out of pre-cast concrete so pay was in that tradition as we talked before and so but different than the new building the Mahana privately finance that we were talking about in the last show and I just refer to that which tries to give this sort of artificial sort of dad's appearance of playfulness and of dynamism right dynamics pays building does that in a in a natural way and not trying to look like architecture not trying to be bioclimatic architecture is architecture but it understands the principles of nature and so I think there is a symbiosis between architecture and nature here in this case and I just happen to be there at the health center and I had this beautiful condition of sun and shade and I just thought this is a good complimenting each other pretty much the next picture is once again having a beautiful picture by Darren but also having his great criticism and this is the concluding play to you of its article where he basically encourages well he's questioning and criticizing why architects ever since the mid-century have not been following and evolving and perfecting that kind of methodology of the perfect tropical design exotic tropical design but have deviate away but then positively speaking he says he would like to have the young architects basically pick up from there and so we want to take his encouragement to our heart and conclude the show here with a couple of examples so the next picture is the third project that was missing when our last show with the Soto was telling sharing two student projects from that studio we did a while ago together with Haram Pail and this one here is now the location number one which actually happens to be directly south of Hale Manoa and the next picture is the emerging colleagues basically having been so inspired by that precedent that they basically said you can't really you know make it better so they basically did a twin pair of Hale Manoa and the thing that they did different is they did the same as you appreciate the living rooms are to the north but then the entire south they basically donated to these shared spaces because they thought they were so successful in Hale Manoa so you can call this an evolution of a typology and of an example just like nature always gets better over time and always finds out ways to perfect itself and the sort of biochlamatic design for the facade is inspired by a project that we showed many shows ago at the bottom in the middle which is basically the Alamoana building by John Graham which used to have vertical retractable louvers that you could change with over the day according to the sun path so that is that and the next one is me a very personal experience because when I as I looked at the very bottom here in the middle some quarter of a century ago when I was where you are an emerging talent here you don't look like it not quite I lost some hair and other things but I'm still okay and so this project has been the project that informed me the most it's an eye and pay building at the top middle there's a monograph out by it's solely that's called the complete works it's incomplete because that project is not there this was built one and a half decades later in 1976 but that was after the oil crisis so pay basic just enhance took that crisis as an opportunity to basically enhance once again the biochromatic building performance that in a temperate climate is once again a very very efficient and effective building and probably if you would lead rate that would probably be a lead platinum both buildings because they're just built right this amazing it is amazing and so next picture is my more personal experience the same that you had because in my very first week here when I had that rented Jeep and a week with two bags that great institution hosted me as well as it did you for how many years have you lived in there now I lived there for three semesters already okay so almost almost yeah almost two years so I had I had a week but that was a great week and I also had a room facing north and I I love the sort of sparse monk like sell quality and even the details are still original I mean come on give me a break to live in an I am pay design dorm how cool is that right exactly the next picture is no doubt that this inspired me and has been with me in a project that I proposed for for Manoa for you age and here with less campers we're talking about tectonics and stereotypes so way back and things have to evolve so how the Manoa was poured in place way back labor was cheap that was doable concrete was a local material but labor is so expensive you can't do this anymore so I was inspired by the building to you see these little tectonic or seratomic models here and I teamed up and got consulted by this campus from great specific working mountain precast and so we envisioned this sort of biochlamatic structural exoskeleton to be the skin and the facade and everything for the building and the next here picture shows how the emerging team basically developed that and beautiful suggestive illustrations and models this is the tree texture class and I'm teaching here so again very much like saying you know why reinventing the wheel if something really has worked and it's so great and also you can see this reference of the pixelation and blending in with the pixels of the mountains because it's like trisillian's little leaves right but again not copycating that but just like you know continue that genetic code if you want so but last not at all least we want to conclude with how your building inspires you and your current work and if you can get the past thank you Martin this is a picture of an inspiration that I had in my small room it's very tight and as you can see the L shape of the desk and I have my screen in the front so it inspired me for kitchen design in my dissertation that I'm proposing it for wheelchair users so you have the refrigerator on the right side and a sink on the left directly in line and so the plane you're facing you don't have to turn around much so you just push yourself back from the front counter and you can reach to the fridge or reach to the sink on the left side so that's one of my design inspirations that I got from living in my small room that I'm glad that I came across something like this and I think it's a solution for small spaces that we are facing now in urban areas you know it's all about maximizing what you can do with it so thank you and again we have to thank our Idol by I.M. Pei which is such a perfect example for substantial beauty versus just surfacial beauty which is the trend these days that things look pretty but on the expense of oil and air conditioning and this guy knew how to do it and again he's our idol and I try the very best to live up to that and so thank you for having been here with me and sharing these arts here thank you Martin for in my team it is a great experience and I like to learn a lot from today's talk I'm inspired to design more for people and make a response to the clients so next show next week we'll be with DeSoto Brown again with building in the typology once again of inhabitation of local people more grown up people and then also visiting people tourists and the show is called the Ilikai Innovation and as you can tell it's about the Ilikai building by John Graham and until then you guys please stay as exotically tropical and tropical exotic as I.M. and as we call our team today there may be a design studio in the future exactly thank you again


Hello.  Yeah, my opinions on Doctor Who and its episodes varies a lot and can change on if I can dime, so I'm gonna be more vain about it. I'm very proud of my Doctor Who road sketches. I love them. I've loved them since I started them in 2015, about four years ago now. Where's all that time gone? I thought it'd be quite fun to go down memory lane a little bit and see where my rankings are for all my sketches.  A few rules though. There are rules. You better believe there are rules. My dog's under the camera by the way, so if you're wondering, if you hear any licking or snoring, that's Fred. That's my dog. In fact, let me take a picture of him right now so you can see what I'm looking at. Yeah, a few rules, one. Mini sketches don't count. I love all my 2019 mini sketches, but no, doesn't count. Also, I love them all equally, but shh. So that also means it discounts Tenant meets the Doctor, Eccleston's friendly prop shop and the other ones. Oh, had to keep fit with the Doctor, that's the one I was forgetting. So without further ado, and I don't think there's anything else I have to mention, here we go. Starting at number like 30, I think. At number 30 is this dreadful sketch.  Christmas Eccleston, it's a good name though, Christmas Eccleston, because it's Christopher Eccleston. Do you get it? Do you get it? The first few minutes is quite fun. You know, it's got this bell in it, murdering Santa Claus on the spot, but you know, it's half an hour long.  Dreadful sketch. Next, quite frankly, Vanity and the Scar. Again, a pretty good name, considering it features Tom Baker and Tennant, as you can see. How do you get it? Because once Vanity, are we off of the Where's the Scar? It's an interesting premise, I think.  It's an absolute waste of Son of Mine later on in the sketch. And honestly, apart from the portal sequence with McCoy, it's just kind of a boring and waste, waste of how long is the sketch, how long is it? About 22 minutes. Ah, that's a good one. A skim. Oh, the trailers don't, though. Trailers great. Moving on. The Doctor Who Road Trilogy, the second of, what, three trilogies that I've actually completed now? I remember it fondly. You know, it's got a place in the old heart, but honestly, it's pretty boring. That's the sin of this one. Oh, there it is, Eccleston. There he is. Canonically, this is the first sketch, isn't it? I think. Yeah. Canonically, this is the first sketch, you know, in the universe, but it's pretty rubbish, isn't it? Really? It's not much to it. I don't think I've written anything more in my notes. Ah, yeah. This is, as it's early days, they're not great, especially when it comes to the classic Doctors in Part 3. The costumes, obviously, early days are spent again with the classics. Terrible. Most of them don't have wigs. I only really recently fixed that issue, to be fair, four years later. And again, early days, my acting, poor, just poor. You know, fondly remember, Jesus, look at that spot on the nose.  It's so prominent. Answer the Rory's Many Deaths. Quite literally only exists because of, you know, Rory kept dying, so I made a sketch about it. Answer the Rory's Many Deaths. Yeah, it's fun to revisit, but it's, you know, there's not much to it, really. Aside from Rory dying about three times and that, it's not very, you know, it's fine. It's fine. There's just not much to it, you know? Sherlock's Revenge. God, this one, this one's got some pretty damn good cinematography going for it. You know, it's got the return of Sherlock, a character that people liked in his first sketch. But it's not very funny. Not a very funny sketch. In fact, I would say it's very, it's taken, okay, apart from maybe my dancing arse, that's pretty great. I took this one too seriously. That's my issue with this one. The script isn't funny. It's just not. Even that wiggle bum that you just saw wasn't scripted. I just did that for fun, I think. So yeah, I took it too seriously and the sketch suffered.  Oh, look at me run. Look at me go.  See, look at this cinematography. There's some pretty good shots in this. Let's let it run a bit. Look at him go. Look at him run. Oh, sexy boy. Oh, he's going to punch that door. You ready? Boom. Okay, I'm getting distracted by my own sketch. You can really tell even back then in the distant year of, what, 2016, I think the sketch was that I loved me some Eccleston. I did. Eccleston's easily my favorite sketch character even now and he got another sketch. He got one of many, many sketches to himself, I think. Eccleston's Revenge. Right after Dr. The Sembol, all the, you know, powers were still in place, so I was like, should really put them in one place.  Eccleston is going to steal all of them. In a rewrap, I actually kind of enjoyed this one a fair amount. You know, there's a lot to it. It's got a lot of stupidness to it. It's dumb.  It's got a couple of leftover effects also from Dr. The Sembol towards the end. Thank you, Harry. Mwah. Love your editing and special effects wizardry for back in the day. And aside from that and the weird, like, Mr. Grinch scene of Towards the Beginning, not much to it. You know, it's fine. It's fine. Fine. It's fine. I have to put three revenge sketches all in one bit. That's quite funny, isn't it? Capaldi's Revenge. One of my favourite openings. It's so wonderfully and unnecessarily dramatic, isn't it? Look at that walk. Look at how long the Capaldi coat was once upon a time. Now it's the correct leg. There's that on my knees. Cool. Question. Why has this one got so many bloody views? It doesn't even have an ending. It was supposed to be the first in another trilogy because this was around the time, obviously because of the plot, that Clara was killed off in, what was the name of the episode? Face the Raven. It was the Face the Raven. And this was the Face the Raven. And then it ends with, what's this face? Sim regenerating. Here, I'm going to actually, this is the first time I'm going to skip to this part. Here we go. Look at him run. Look at him go. This ending, if it'll show me, basically Sim uses regeneration energies to blast people. And that was then going to go into another part based around Heaven's Cent, then the final part surrounded by Hellbent. So it's going to be a trilogy. This one just ends on a cliffhanger. I never had an idea about it, also Capaldi doesn't have a wig at this point. Weird, isn't it? Here we go. Thank you Harry for the effect. Booosh. Booosh. Yeah, no, I didn't have an idea so I just ignored it. Yeah, not great. Look at that title card. That was sick. I forgot that was in there. That was cool. Anyway, Eccleston's Shed Mystery, parts one and two. A classic in a lot of ways. You know, it's a good one. It's a good one. Fun premise, fun original premise built around the simple fact that my shed slash back garden got demolished, as you will see in a minute. So Eccleston's home of the shed is gone. It's gone. I have fond memories of it. Again, I call it a classic for a reason. But doesn't excuse it for being a bit of a, you know, forgettable sketch to be honest. It's alright. It has a weird unicorn and the wasp parody about, you know, a bit of a battle of play in it. Yeah, no, it's fine. Sherlock's Murder Mystery. I love the opening to this one. So dark. Probably one of my favourite openers actually. But other than just the opening and being the better of the two Sherlock sketches. I'm quite proud of the mystery and the solution to it. I think it's quite a clever solution you might not think of straight away. Most of it's pretty entertaining, but the ending's a bit, is a bit naff, really. You know, the solution's fun, but the ending's just a bit naff, really. Russell T. Davis, you may wonder why he's not in sketches.  He gets shot in this one. He's the victim. Bizarre. If you want to watch that play out, click the link. No, I'm kidding. I don't know how links work, but another good one. It's weird watching me in the corner of the screen myself getting shot. Here's one you might not expect so low on the list. Physicians, fears. Fairly recent one. It was only last year. But this one, look at that shot. But it should have been better. Much like Sherlock's Revenge, it had potential, but in my opinion, it didn't really reach it. You know, it's got a great opening scene. I love this opening scene. You don't get opening scenes like this too much. And I keep talking about opening scenes, though. So it kind of goes against my point. Anyway. Fantastic villain, though. Scarecrow, when he finally appears, he's fantastic. He's terrifying. I love him. He's got the mask. He's got that dope jacket. One of a kind villains. Like a talk. Jesus. Not a lot of comedy, either. Again, I took it a bit too seriously at times, I think.  I tried too hard to make the, you know, the nightmares more nightmare-ish as opposed to funny. And I fixed that with the Dream Lord sketch. Get there. Yeah. Physician's fears should have been better. Oh, but it is the part two of Trilogy. I'll talk more about the trilogy when I get to what is the first part of it later on in the list. Not much to say about this one. I love the split screens. There's a few split screens in this one. Some that come later, but... Oh, best thing going for this sketch. Although the premise is fun, you know, a semi-fear her spoof.  What was that? I forgot he was in that. But yeah, Moffat's the, you know, you could draw a picture of someone and they get trapped in the paper.  It's pretty funny, too. There's a lot going for it. But there's not just a lot to talk about. It's just a fun one to watch, really. Let's watch now. It's funny, isn't it? Here's a premise I want to revisit one day. The casting of the Doctor. All premises, tendons leaving and they need fund replacement. You know, obviously Smith wins, but...  I mostly remember this one for the fantastic Harry cameo. His first cameo, if I'm not mistaken, actually. Yes, Harry's first appearance in one of these sketches and it's the funniest part of the sketch all these years later. Like, it's a funny sketch. That's supposed to be Pete Capaldi, by the way, in the blue jacket. But yeah, it's a funny sketch that Harry steals in the show.  It's a fun sketch. Simple, short, funny and very different. I like the ones that feel very different. Clearly lost Moffat's jacket. Who lost that jacket? That's my school jacket. That's what that is. Oh, and Harry, where are you? There you are. Go for it. Oh, Terrence Day. RIP Terrence Dicks. I feel like I need to preface that.  In hindsight, making Terrence Dicks this mentally challenged, I feel very bad about that. If I ever use him again, which I probably will, I'll definitely tone that down. RIP Terrence, I'm sorry. Aside from that, this is far from a popular sketch. I like this one. It's a short, sweet Father's Day parody with Terrence Dicks for some reason. I like it. There's not much to it. It's simple and I like it. Got a bloody problem with that? Do you? You'd think this one would teach me that sometimes a shorter sketch can be better than a long one. Considering all my 2019 sketches have been half an hour long. Yeah, I clearly haven't really learnt my lesson ever. Here we go. This is a rare one. Look at that. Not written by me. One of two sketches if I'm not mistaken. That's not written by me. This one's written by Harry, who's usually doing some editing wizardry like in Doctor's Assemble with all the power effects. This one has this great comedic energy. I love it. Also the first instance of the Capaldi wig. It's a weird sketch, which is quite reflective of Harry's comedy. Also the character with the glasses and with the jumper from the who works at the BBC. Brilliant side character. As well as a character later on who works at the BBC just like this. Oh, me and Harry still quite laugh about this one from time to time. Definitely Harry's comedy really bleeds through this script and that's what I like the most about it. Beautiful Harry. Doctor Who vs. Chibnall. Trilogy. I can help it. When Chibnall was revealed as the new head writer I had to do something. I don't really like this trilogy. Like the first part, which is this part here, is fine. The second part is just kind of and then the final part is pretty funny. I like the final part the most. This one suffered from needing or at least in my mind needing every doctor to appear. If that makes sense? Like it's one of those sketches where each doctor appears mostly in the second part but the first part is set up so it's usually quite fun because it's just character banter. The second part is like in the meat of it which looks like it feels like they're taking turns. If that makes sense it's like, oh okay so this is Hartman scene, probably scene bloody, bloody, bloody, bloody. And I try and learn my way out of that but it happens. It happens a lot. That's why the third part is my favourite because it's just Capaldi and Hartnall up against a very early days wicker. An okay trilogy. It's liked by a fair few and I understand why. It's fine. Inside the game. God, this was a weird one. Wasn't it? I mean, but first of all it has a very strange cast. Eccleston and Smith the usual but you also have Star Lord and for some reason Rick Grimes from The Walking Dead in their only appearance in any of Doctor Who Road sketches. And I love this sketch.  It's got some fun, you know game times as the title would suggest including Minecraft and the Batman Arkham series and it's, the only reason it's this high on the list is because it's so weird. It's such a random sketch. It's not part of any long running narrative like my new ones are. It's just got a handful of random characters some of which I don't even use thrown into a scenario which is kind of outside Doctor Who Road which doesn't usually happen. There's Eccleston. He always has to be there doesn't he? Good old Eccleston. I love him though. We all love him. Love you Eccleston. Worlds had enough of Chris. It's up there as one of the best titles of a sketch. I love the pun ones.  I love this opening by the way. You can barely see it but that's the point. He's going to turn the light on in his second scare himself ready. Ah! Pretty good sketch on the whole. I love all the Eccleston, Sideman and John Sim bits. Everything else is, you know fine, air, boring, bland but this stuff, brilliant. I love this stuff. The Sideman stuff, pretty good. I was never going to do The Doctor Falls as a follow up but who cares? You don't need that. This is fab. I love this one. Oh and it's also worth mentioning that this was kind of the start of where the 2019 sketches come into things because obviously at the end of this he gets his sort of Sideman lightning powers which sets up the whole force thing. Ah, it's banter. It's banter. I love it. The most popular sketch on my channel nearly at a thousand views Regent Bonanza. I'll be honest, this one would have been higher if it wasn't for one thing. Part two is trash. Don't watch part two. If you're going to watch this, just watch part one and assume everything's wrapped up. It's a pedophile. Part one is great. I understand what... Anyway, back to it is a weird fade but that does lead me on to the amazing effect. You're about to see a pretty cool one here coming up by the beautiful Harry Dunkley. God, he's a wizard of effects, this kid. This kid from Brooklyn. No, Harry, Harry's great. Honestly, it's a classic and the effects hold up. Look at that. Look at how cool that is. Other than that, it's a pretty funny sketch, great concept done pretty well in the first part. Don't watch the second part. Boom! Look how cool that was. Alright, moving on. Let me ask you a question. Can the doctor lift Thor's hammer? The premise of this sketch is simple. It came from a friend of mine after I bought it from Comic-Con. This lovely, lovely hammer. This one, other than Doctor Who vs. Chibnall it benefits from having all the doctors there. All of them having a turn is the whole joke. Like that scene from Age of Ultron. It's very good. I love the sketch. It's hilarious fun. A long intro. Very long intro. Yeah, not much else to say. It's high up, it's classic and it's pretty funny. It holds up. Also, it's a prequel of sorts to Doctor's Assemble which we all get to don't you worry you're pretty little socks. I'm not wearing socks. I'm barefooted like a little hobbit. Babyfacejack. Oh, God, the nostalgia. Look at that spot. Look at that spot. It's not as bad as Doctor Who Road trilogy but you are not mistaken with that terrible shot and the only time they ever wear normal clothes it's Doctor Who versus Moffat trilogy where it all began at number 11. My goodness. Yeah, it's up here for nostalgia. Well, you got problem with nostalgia? To be fair, it's a simple premise and it's done pretty well. I think it's actually pretty good. It holds up. It's dumb. It's pretty polyacted and the editing's not great because it was on Movie Maker but I have no issue with it. You got problem with me? Put it here. It's my list.  Oh, and of course it sets up Moffat as the ultimate Thanos villain but we'll get to Moffat being the villain of a sketch later on.  Here's another one that's not very popular. Costume wizard. I love this one. Completely original idea and original character of the costume wizard himself but I love this one. I do. I genuinely do. It holds a soft spot in my heart. It also stars two of the... Oh, that portal effect is great. I forgot about the portal effect. It also stars Davison and Magan, two doctors I hadn't used that much up until this point. Although it's mostly because I got their updated costumes at this point hence why costume was... Basically it came from an excuse to change their costumes so pretty vapidly, especially for Magan's sake so I created this whole scenario about it on Ty Clepperboy. I love the costume wizard. He's hilarious.  And now I'm looking to update all the costumes again, specifically Magan's because I want a green coat this time.  Ah, yes. The only other one to be written by someone who's not Jack. This one's written by the lovely Zack. Roberts. Yeah. Much like Moffat's leaving that was written by Harry, this one just has this great energy because it's written with a different comedic perspective. This one's got some fantastic banter between the doctors. One's that I wouldn't have thought of. It's just, again, it's a small cast of doctors, only four of them, grouped together in one location just having some banter and it's really, really... It's funny. It's got this great... The writing in it is fab. Sometimes I will admit I tweak scripts like I tweaked Harry's scripts a little bit. This one I didn't tweak at all. I love this one. It just feels so different. That's what I like about this one. It's got this different energy to all the other sketches and I love it for it. Also, Zach as Mickey Mouse, I believe Rick Sanchez himself and Kermit the Frog. It's... Watch this one. I won't say it a lot but watch this one. It's great. Oh, buddy boy, you better believe we're talking about doctors' assemble. Admittedly, the one critique I'll give of this one is that it should have been just one whole one. Part two's so retardedly sure that it should have just been one long one but due to time constraints and me just being desperate to get it out on time, I'd split it into two. That took. This one has some fab effects too. Harry outdid himself on this one. I loved his work in Regen Bonanza but this one, this one's got some cracker ones. However, this one coming up is 100% Jack Original. It's a split screen and it's got lightning. Oh, buddy boy. A classic for a reason, these two sketches. This sketch was ballsy. Even when I wrote it, I knew it was ballsy. Look at this. You ready? My face. Look. I'm totally shocked. How great is that? It moved in it. Oh, Harry. Amazing job. Oh, buddy boy. You know it. We're into the 2019 sketches at number seven with companion conundrum. I have been wanting to do companion stuff for so damn long. So I figured the best thing I should do is just as bloody cram as many as I can into one sketch. Just to really really get some stuff. Yeah. And this is Susan Foreman. Okay. I'll talk about why I like this one so much. Yeah. A lot of new characters. I mean, Doctor Who fans will know these characters, obviously, but a lot of new characters in one sketch and I feel like everyone has the right amount of screen time apart from maybe Jamie McCrimmon, I guess.  Look at that air. A lot of fun character moments. This is just a fun and breezy sketch for half an hour. I don't know. I like this one a lot. All my 2019 sketches were going to be in the top 10 anyway. So we'll talk more about the Phase 3 as I call it as a whole the more we go along. Here's a fun one. Left for Who. Pretty popular one too, this one. Quite right because this one, as I was making it, didn't look like it was going to be very good. I wasn't excited about this one. Usually as I go, I will grow love because I start off very unsure. But as I film it, it becomes clear that it will be good. But until I released it and saw the fan reaction, Yes! Damn it Jenna. I love you though. It's got some fun zombie bits. However, the ending, I cheated. I'll be honest. The whole, like it lagged out, that was not in the script. I'd scripted out the whole thing until they got to the next safe house as it does in the game. I had the tank, I had the witch, but I didn't have time to film it because I wanted it to be released at Halloween, which it was, but I didn't have time. I didn't have time to finish it, so I copped out with the lag excuse and I will actually, I do actually want to revisit this idea at some point. You know, make a left for who too. I think that would be quite fun. You know, do the whole thing as planned, but not any time soon. I like that. All the zombie stuff is fun. However, the hunter, the small bottom of my face in red, that wouldn't come off. So I had to go to work and I worked at Toys R Us at the time.  We just read all over and they were like, what are you okay? And I was like, it was a shaving accident. The Mat Hatter. The first part in the Batman villain trilogy. I had the Mat Hatter at first. Then it was Physician Spheres and this year I'm going to be capping it off with Joker's Revenge, the sketch that I'll be working on for updates. Go follow me on Twitter or Instagram.  I really like this one. It was a fun one to make. It was a fun one to script. It was just a fun idea really. Wah! Also, it was another great pun title. The Mad Hatter. The Mat Hatter. It all just comes together, you know.     So, Sodja, I'll make my own sketch about it. That scene took me three go's. This scene took me three go's because the first go there was too much noise. The second go I kept flubbing so I gave up an R. Again, I'm not going to say it too much. I don't want to say it too much. But please watch this one if you haven't. I filmed with my DSLR camera, which I am currently still very much using. I put more effort into the script this time around. I mixed up the characters a little bit. I used a small cast of the Doctors, yeah. And I had a funny old idea at the time. A semi-parody of midnight with them all trapped in one room. But put them on Gallifrey. Do you get the title now? Brilliant fun. Also, Rassilon. I love being Rassilon because I just shouted a song. Middle of the night, a better pun title for the better of the midnight parodies. It's also a sort of parody of the Phantom Menace, which is kind of a theme for my 2019 sketches, as this is the first of the big 2019 sketches. If you don't count the mini sketches, if you're wondering why or how it's a Phantom Menace parody, Rassilon Sim is the Qui Gong Jin. Think of the rest out for yourself. Sets up a lot of plot lines to going forward, as I said. And it's just a really fun one. You know, it's got a lot of great character moments between the four Doctors that, again, don't usually mesh. Like in trapped, it's four Doctors just chatting for most of it. For the midnight bit, anyway, like Tennin, Colin Baker, Hartnell and McCoy. Their interactions make that sketch, as well as all the bits and pieces, you know, Winston and all that. Brilliant fun. Great sketch. Great start of the year for the sketches.  Heck, yeah, boy. Attack of the Dream Lord. The Dream Lord is probably my favourite one of, my favourite villains I've ever done. He's got such a presence.  And this whole intro is setting him up. Look, Ace is backed up to a corner. All the companions from the previous sketch, there he is, the Dream Lord coming to send you to Dream Land. Continuing all the phase 3 plot lines that I'd set up, including the Whitaker and Eccleston stuff, of course, just in smaller ways than in the middle of the night. But this is easily the best 2019 sketch so far. I adore this one. I know it's the most recent, so obviously I'm going to have fond memories of it either way. But like, it's just so good. Great cinematography, great acting on my part. And a great episode 3 of the 6 part phase 3 with Joker's Revenge, which I'm working on and Revenge of the Chib, which I can say now as Chibnall was in this sketch, been outed as the palpatine of the story.  Chibnall is the palpatine. How exciting. Unlike Physicians Fears, learned my lesson and with the dream sequences, most of them were quite funny and the rest were character building, which is the better way to do it. Now let's go to what no one is going to be surprised at with my number one choice. My camera's running out of battery. Number one, obviously it's Moffat's Revenge. The biggest sketch at one hour long, or just over one hour long. And it's, oh it took me four months to make, not including scripting.  It's just so good. I love this sketch. It's funny. It's got all the doctors playing their roles. The Thanos of the sketches Steven Moffat at his highest heights. He's never risen higher, but then he falls. He's a good man. He's gone to war. No, he's a bad man in his sketches. The only thing I will say bad about it is Steven and Sean's cameo. They should have been somewhere else on the sketch. They really ruined the ending.   It's so good. Where is it? Where are you? It's just under music where it plays. Please watch this one if you haven't. Of all the sketches, watch this one. Moffat's Revenge is the best sketch that I have ever made and will probably ever make. So for the ending, I thought I'd ask the obvious question. What are your favourite sketches? And why? And to start the conversation, I asked a few of my friends to give their answers. Because we're all nerds and we all have our favourites, don't we? Firstly, Gemma. My lovely girlfriend Gemma. Gemma. She has picked Attack of the Dream Lord, the newest one. Fantastic choice. Because of the amazing split screens that are in it, they're pretty good, and the Dream Lord in general. Good stuff. Next, my friend Harry, you've heard his name plenty of times in this list.   And Steven, aka Blue Box Engine, has picked Moffat's Avenge. Again, the narcissism train keeps on chugging because one of the things he says was that it had him in it, which was a cameo, and it also felt pretty conclusive, and bada bing bada boom, he saw all the effort that was put in. Funny story before I ended, Moffat's Avenge was, once upon a time, going to be the final of the Doctor Who road sketches. So that's a factoid for ya. That's it. Do put your favourites in the comments below if you've made it this far. Well played. New sketch soon, hopefully. Bye. I'm tired.


Hi, my name is Andrea with Foodimentary Adventures in Food, and today I'm sharing a quick and easy recipe for cream cheese banana pecan bread. So let me show you what you're going to need. You're gonna need some flour, sugar, an egg that's at room temperature, one large ripe banana, pecans. But if you prefer to use walnuts, that would work too. I'm just a pecan girl, so that's what I'm using. You're gonna need some vanilla, salt, baking powder, and baking soda, and softened cream cheese and butter. And as usual, I'll make sure to leave the recipe in the description box. Okay, so we're gonna start off by creaming our softened cream cheese and butter. And now I'm gonna add in my sugar and my egg. So now we're gonna start working with our dry ingredients. I've got my flour in a bowl and now I'm adding in my baking powder, my baking soda, and my salt. And I'm just gonna use a whisk to get everything all combined. And I'm gonna take some of the flour mixture and add it to my pecans and just stir them around a little bit. And that is going to keep my pecans from sinking to the bottom of that banana bread. And then I'm just gonna set both of these aside. So now I'm just gonna gradually add my flour mixture into the butter mixture a little at a time. All right, so now I'm just gonna stir in my vanilla, my pecans, and my banana. And I did mash it with the fork. And I'm just gonna give it a good stir. Okay, so for this recipe, you need an eight by four loaf pan. And when I was gathering my ingredients for this recipe, I could not find my glass loaf pan anywhere. So that is why I'm using this aluminum one. I heavily sprayed it with baking spray. And as you can see right now, I'm just putting the batter in the loaf pan. And I've got my oven preheated to 350 degrees. Okay, so my banana bread is ready for the oven. I am going to bake this for about 50 minutes or until a toothpick inserted in the middle comes out clean. So I just took the banana bread out of the oven. I ended up letting this bake for about an hour. And as you can see, I've got it cooling on a wire rack. I'm gonna let it cool for about 10 minutes. Then I'm going to remove it from the pan, put it back on the wire rack and let it cool for about half an hour. Okay, so here is the banana bread. Such a quick and easy recipe. I hope you all enjoyed it. I have an entire playlist of quick and easy recipes that I will link in the description box. And you can see that the pecans are throughout that banana bread because I coated them in that flour mixture first. But I hope you guys liked it. If you did, please make sure to give us a thumbs up. And if you haven't subscribed to our channel, we'd love to have you. Thanks so much for watching and we'll see you all next time.


This next unit that we're starting is electrostatics. It's looking at static electricity. If you're asking me what's the level of difficulty with this unit, I find kids that do the homework do pretty good. Kids that try and cram are in for some ugly. And the reason is not that the physics is tough, but the reason I said get your formula sheet out is these are the electrostatics formulas right here. And you may notice that this equation looks an awful lot like this equation, but it's a bit different. And this equation looks an awful lot like this equation. So you kq over r, kqq over r, kqq over r squared, which looks an awful lot like this equation. What I found is the students who can remember what to use, what it's plug and chug. But if you try and cram this, you're going to have to be having a tough time. You really are. Keep up with the homework is my advice. Also, we have a bit of a problem because electricity was discovered or determined to be. It was discovered kind of piece by piece by scientists who didn't quite know what was going on, and they named things poorly. This E here stands for potential energy. This V stands for voltage, which is also called potential. We have potential energy. We have potential to keep those straight. I'll be doing a big song and dance when we get close. This E here stands for electric field, not energy, even though E for energy, and you got to keep stuff straight. I find the kids that do that, this test is really plug and chug. But the kids that, again, try and learn this the night before, I don't have much sympathy for. Let's begin. Matter is made up of atoms. And as best as we can tell, we believe that atoms have a central nucleus that has protons and neutrons, and it has orbiting electrons. When atoms bond together to form solids, the electrons can be tightly bound to the atoms, as in covalent solids like glass. These materials will be insulators because the electrons are not free to move. Or they can be free to move around as in metals. These will be conductors. So in a metal series of atoms, if you're looking at a solid metal, the electrons are nearly free to get past from atom to atom to atom. Not completely free. We need to supply a tiny bit of outside energy. But the best conductors, we need to supply very, very little outside energy. We have learned that subatomic particles like protons, electrons, and neutrons, they have a property that we call charge. And it is this property called charge that is responsible for both electricity and magnetism. What are the basic facts about charge? I think you've seen this before, but I'll teach it as though it's brand new. There are two basic types of charges that we call, what do we call the two basic types of charges, positive and negative. Ben Franklin named them positive and negative, and that was our first mistake. We named them backwards. We really should have called the electrons positive and the protons negative because it's the electrons that move. And in math, we like to think about positive numbers moving. It's the protons that are locked in the nucleus. But whenever we set up a circuit, we're going to talk about positive charges moving even though they don't. They were named wrong. Charge is measured in units of, you know what the unit for charge is? Jacob Coulombs named after a scientist whose last name was and the symbol is capital C. Now, charge is represented by the letter. Unfortunately, we can't use the letter C because first of all, capital C is the unit and lowercase C is the speed of light. And those were assigned long before we did charges. We use the letter Q. Upper for big charge, lower for little charge. We're going to do the same notation as we did for gravity. If we're talking about a great big gravitational planetary charge, we'll use big Q. If we're talking about a little tiny, small orbiting satellite charge, we'll use little Q. Why do we use the letter Q? Another important fact about charge is that it is, here's the fancy word, quantized, which is why we use Q. Quantized means that charge comes in individual quantities. It's not like a bucket of water or a liquid that you can take as much, any size you want to out of a bucket of water. If you have one cup of water, you can pull out a millionth of a cup if you really, really want to if you have small enough measuring drum. Charge comes in chunks, in quantities. It's quantized. And this means that charge is sort of like money. You can't have half a penny. You can on a computer, but in the real world, we don't pay for things with half a penny. The smallest unit of money is a penny. The smallest unit of money is a cent. Any larger unit is how many pennies times the number of pennies that you have is how much money you have. With respect to charge, the smallest unit of charge is called the elementary or fundamental charge. This is the amount of charge on a proton or an electron. How much charge is there? What's the penny equivalent of the electricity world? The smallest unit is it's on your formula sheet under elementary charge. I could tell you, but you need to know where it is when you're looking it up, which is why I'm having you find it. You see it there, elementary charge. It's on the same page as the masses of the planets and all the other stuff. It's part of your data sheet. 1.6 times 10 to the negative 19 coulombs, yes? Positive for a proton, negative for an electron. Protons and electrons have the same amount of charge, just an opposite quantity. All other charges are multiples of E. In other words, if you want to find the overall charge Q, it's the number of electrons or protons times the charge on one electron. In fact, frequently we'll use E minus for electron and E plus for the charge on a proton. Elementary negative charge, elementary positive charge. What's the charge on a neutron, by the way? Zero. A little technical. This is what we thought until about the 1930s. And then we started realizing that electrons and protons, which we thought were the smallest chunks out there, as it turns out, are not the smallest chunks out there. So even though I've said that they're the penny of the electricity world, as it turns out, they're not. So technical comment, some of you might be aware of particles called quarks. And they have charges of 2 thirds and 1 third. So as it turns out, the elementary charge is not the smallest, but we're not going to rewrite the science books for that. Also, because quantum theory is so weird, it's almost frightening. Seriously. So in this course, you're going to get a data page. You've seen it already. And it has the masses of the subatomic particles and the fundamental charge. So your formula sheet has the elementary charge, electron mass, very small, 9.11 times 10 to the negative 31. Proton mass, 1.67 times 10 to the negative 27. Yes, very small still, but 4, sorry, not 4. 10 to the fourth, or 10,000 times larger, roughly. And the neutron mass, almost but not quite the same mass as a proton. Now, however, the data page does not specifically list the charges of the particles. It only gives you the elementary charge. So you will have to remember the charge on electron is negative 1.6 times 10 to the negative 19 coulombs. You will have to remember the charge on a proton is positive 1.6 times 10 to the negative 19 coulombs. And you'll have to remember the charge on a neutron is 0. But I think all of you have that. It's sort of become part of our culture. You learn a little bit of electricity, even if you never do science, because you all have electronic devices and things. You learn batteries have positive and negative ends, for example, when you're putting them in. Turn the page. It turns out charge is distributable. I have here a plastic rod, a little piece of plastic. I can do it with a ruler, but vinyl picks up electrons a little bit better. And I have a piece of cloth that has lots of expert electrons. And I can physically, especially on a nice dry day like this, rub electrons onto this cloth. I've given it some extra charge. And you'll be able to very clearly notice in the forward, you can see, little static electricity. Now, I just touched the paper. I may have grounded it. Nope. And you've all noticed this on a dry day with laundry, or especially on a really wintry dry day, your clothing might even crackle when you're pulling it out of the closet or something like that. All sorts of lovely things you could do with electricity. So the thing is plastic or vinyl is an insulator. What was going on there? So for a conductor, the electrons flow freely and easily. But for an insulator, the electrons cannot flow, but the electron orbits can shift slightly. This is a phenomenon known as polarization. Example four. A negative rod is brought close to an insulating ball. The ball is at first attracted and then repelled by the negative rod. Explain why this happens. So we're going to use a little model here. This rod is negative. So I'm going to give it 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 negative charges. It really has millions. But we're going to do simplified models, Dan. And this insulating ball is neutral. I'm going to give it two positive and two negative charges. I know it's kind of small. I put two pluses and two minuses on it. You're going to want to. As you bring this rod close to this ball, two things occur. First of all, the positives are attracted to the negatives. And the negatives are repelled from the negatives. In fact, what happens here is, so we still have 1, 2, 3, 4, 5. The positives get pulled to the left, and the negatives get pushed to the right. Because like charges repel and unlike charges attract. And what we've really done is we've polarized this insulating ball. Even though it's still neutral, we've managed to separate the charges. In fact, later on, we're going to say, we've done work on the charges. And we'll start to bring in some of our energy stuff. And so we'll calculate how much energy certain electric devices have. Now, what's also going to happen then is these two negative charges, which are free to move, because this is a conductor, they want to get close to these positive charges. So they are going to jump. For a split second, we're going to have this. 1, 2, 3, two positives. But two of the negatives, and again, Evan, the numbers are arbitrary. It's going to be millions and millions, because we're talking about electrons. But I'm using two as a nice, easy one to wrap around. We already had two electrons, and two more are going to jump. So you want to put four electrons onto that little ball. And what now happens, Matt, for a split second, the insulating ball gets attracted, because the positives want to get closer. As soon as they touch, though, the electrons jump the gap, because they want to get closer to those positives. And now, what's the charge on this ball overall? And now, we're going to have negatives repelling. I didn't have a chance to set this up. I wanted to, but I've been too busy today. Let's see if we can make a prediction here. Example five, two uncharged metal spheres are fixed onto supports and are touching. So uncharge means neutral charge. And again, our standard, if we're not sure, I usually go two positive, two negative, maybe three and three, but two and two, I can usually figure out what's going on. So we have neutral charges. A charged negative rod is brought in close to the spheres. So let's go like this. One, two, three, four, five. What's going to happen right now? Well, right now, the positives want to get close to the negative. And the negatives want to get far away from the negatives. We'll say that the positives are now four of them are on the left side. The negatives, four of them are on the right side. Now, what's the overall charge of these two spheres? Still neutral, OK? But if we now separate these, still keeping this rod there, we'll end up with one, two, three, four, five. If we pull these two spheres apart, although the overall charge on those two spheres when they were touching was neutral, you can see what I've managed to do is I've managed to actually create a charge, separating charges. So once the rod is removed, we end up with one positively charged sphere and one negatively charged sphere. We call this charging by induction rather than conduction. So charging by conduction is the previous example where the rod actually touched the insulating ball. You can see here, Zach, we were able to charge two objects without touching them. That's induction charging. And if you have an electric toothbrush, that's how it works inside there. A different mechanism, but it's an induced charge because you don't want to have conducting surfaces around water. Water and electricity, not good. So if you have any kind of a waterproof device that you recharge somehow, there'll be an induction charge. This is what they're talking about the next generation of cell phones having. Ideally, what they would like to have is a little mat next to your computer, and anything you drop onto that mat will get an induced charge. You want to plug it in just anywhere on that mat, it'll get charged like this. And that way you could have the mat, you could drop your mouse, you could drop your iPhone, your iPod, your camera, it would all just be sitting there charging happily away, no need for wires. That's out already. It's in its infancy though. Probably, I would expect within about five years though, you'll see that become the standard. How many of you have an electronic camera, digital camera? How many have a digital phone? How many of you have an iPod that's separate from your phone? How many get frustrated with having all those different cords, none of which fits into the other one? Like, there's a clear demand for it. Honestly, for something like that, if it worked for all of my devices, I'd pick 50 bucks for the non-hassle of not having to plug stuff in, and also only one power outlet required instead of 12 or a power bar or whatever. I think I would. So variations on this, very trendy right now. Okay, induction induced because you're not actually having to physically touch the object to get the charge to occur. Conduction, you have to, went too far, you have to physically touch the object to distribute the charge and create a negative or positive. Since we have charges moving, there must be a force acting on them, and there is. The force is given by Coulomb's law. Coulomb was a scientist, and he found that like gravity, electricity was an inverse square law. In fact, you don't need to write this down, but I'm gonna write gravity right here. Here's Coulomb's law. Electrical force equals the equivalent of mass in gravity is charge. He noticed that it depended on how big Q1 and how big Q2 were. He noticed also that it was once again the inverse square of the radius. And then just like Newton needed to find g 6.67 times 10 to negative 11 to end up with an answer in Newtons starting in kilograms, kilograms, meters squared. Coulomb found what we call Coulomb's constant. We use the letter K, lowercase K. That's the number that we need to put there so that Coulomb's, Coulomb's per meters squared ends up in Newtons. And how big is K? It's on your formula sheet. Dan, can you find it for me? I noticed you were looking. It's a fairly easy one to. Nope. Is that harder? Coulomb's constant. Oh, Coulomb's constant. Little K, universal constant. Oh yeah, nine times 10 to the ninth. It's an easy one to remember. It is, yeah, there's the units. It's an easy one to remember. It's nine times 10 to the ninth. Much nicer than the 6.67 times 10 to the negative 11. But do you notice, Taylor, these look pretty similar. A constant, a constant. Mass, mass, charge, charge. Radius squared, radius squared. This begs the question. How many types of charge are there? Two, what do we call them? Positive and negative. Here's the question. One of the many things they're trying to find at the Large Hadron Collider. If there's two of these charges, why isn't there two gravity charges? Is there an anti-gravity charge? We're not sure. Mathematically, Dan, it looks like there could be. And there are plenty of other examples where mathematically it sure looks like there should be. It would be neat. It would be anti-gravity. That would certainly take care of many of our space travel issues if we could find it. Yeah. In theory, that would, instead of having masses attract, masses repel in theory. But right now, it's all purely theory. Except, geez, those look an awful lot alike. And I mean, we've done enough math to notice that often if stuff looks alike, there is some symmetry involved somewhere there. We're working on it. Pardon me? Wow. No, that's a different phenomenon. Back here, boys and girls. Now, you'll notice, although I put a force and force is a vector, I left the vector sign off because we're gonna have to figure out the direction ourselves. To figure out the direction of the force, we're gonna use these ideas from science 10. I think it's science nine now, actually on the new curriculum. Like charges will what? Repel. Unlike charges will what? Attract. So that you'll have to know. You need to know that unlike charges attract, that like charges repel, because that's gonna give you the direction of your force. Example two. Says find the direction of the electrical forces on the positive Q charge. So here's the charge. And if that's what they want me to find the direction of the forces in, what I'm imagining is all four of these are thumbtacked to the ground or there's little invisible angels holding them all in place because this system here is not stable. If it was real life, instantly they'd be repelling and attracting and things are moving. We're saying Zach right now that we're freezing all of this temporarily. So here's my first question. We have three charges. We have no four counting the one we're looking at. We have no physics that can deal with three or four bodies. In fact, the three body problem in gravity is still unsolved. It says, can you come up with a mathematical equation that will deal with three masses? Nope, we got nothing. Haven't found it yet. This bottom charge here, negative or positive. We're good? Good note. Do I need to come read it? No? Okay, we're back. This bottom charge here, negative or positive. Negative, here. So which way would this guy like to move if he could ignoring these two temporarily? We do one charge at a time. Which way would this guy like to move towards the negative or away from the negative? Okay, so I would say this. There's force one. For me? And you said it, I don't know which it you mean. What I said, remember was pretend these are thumbtacked to the ground or the invisible angels are holding them. Because this is not a stable system, Taylor. You're right. If this was real life, as soon as we let stuff go all of them would be moving, but for the purposes of not driving our brains crazy. If they say, what are the forces on one charge? Assume the other ones are magically frozen. We're only on one charge at a time. That's the first one. Okay, ready? Ignore this one. Look at this one, Taylor, you're correct. Which way would this charge like to move based on this guy if he could? To the right, I'm gonna do that. I'll call that force two. Which way would this guy like to move based on this charge? Repel, right? I would need to know the magnitudes, but to find the net force, I would add these three together, tip to tail. I would also need some kind of an angle here too. Okay? But I would go like this. Force one. Force two. I don't think it's an equilibrium. I don't think as I'm doing the math in my head that this guy actually cancels out both of those. I think the net force would be slightly down to the right a little bit. Eventually it would find an equilibrium point, but this is where again, Taylor, this is why I said let's pretend all this is thumbtacked to the ground because as soon as stuff starts to move, all of these forces start to change. Up to wrap our brain around it. The point here is this. If they give you three points, you never deal with three points, two at a time. Cover up one in your mind. Deal with the two you're dealing with and then ignore the first one. Deal with the two you're dealing with. Ignore the next one. Deal with the two you're dealing with. Make sense? We call that the principle of superposition. What that's the fancy word for saying. Go one at a time. So to solve force problems, we will express the charges in Coulombs if they're not already. Substitute charges and distance into Coulombs law to find the force, except because we're deciding the direction, we never put negatives and positives in. We decide the direction based on like charges repel, unlike charges attract. So use the concept of like repel, unlike attract, attract to find the direction of the force. So technical comment. If we have unlike charges, one positive and one negative, the answer we get for the force will be negative. The significance of the negative is to indicate attraction. This doesn't mean that the force itself is negative. In fact, we drop the minus sign when we state our answer. We state the force as positive, left or positive, right or north or south or whatever frame of direction they give us. In fact, some people write Coulombs law with absolute value signs around the charges. I don't. What I'm saying to you is we're not gonna use negatives and positives. We're going to decide the direction after. Example three. Find the force on an electron in a helium plus ion, which has a radius of two times 10 to the negative 11 meters. They want us to find the electrical force, so let's write out Coulombs law. F E equals K, Q 1, Q 2 over R squared. Equals K is nine times 10 to the ninth. That's the universal constant for Coulombs law. Nine times 10 to the ninth. Q, that's the center charge. I think it says there's two protons. What was the charge on one proton? The elementary charge. So you know what? I'm just gonna go like this. Two times 1.6 times 10 to the negative 19. Little Q, and I'm trying to use the same notation as we did for gravity. Can you see Taylor?  That's why I'm using lowercase. So it's one electron. What was the charge on one electron? Technically negative. Are we gonna put the negative in here? No, no, we're gonna decide the direction. You know what? I'm running out of room, so I'm gonna do this. 1.6 times 10 to the negative 19. All divided by R squared. Two times 10 to the negative 11 squared. Mr. Duk, yes, Kyle. Is this also gonna be a unit where our calculators are gonna be tricky and we're gonna be typing in a lot? Yes. Is this also a unit where I'd be smart to try these in class to follow? Yes. Is this also a unit where on the test you see a lot of kids have all the right numbers and get the wrong answers? Yes! So try this, please. Can you get that? 1.152 times 10 to the negative six? See if you get that. Nick, did you get that? I think next time I might move you to the front, my friend. Be with me here in the back corner there. Is that right, by the way? Yes, okay. To two sig figs, 1.15 times 10 to the negative six. Now that force may seem very small. 1.15 times 10 to the negative six, Newtons. Except we need to realize we're dealing with electrons which have a very, very small mass. If you were to find the acceleration, it would be 1.15 times 10 to the negative six divided by the mass. You find that the acceleration is 1.26 times 10 to the 24th meters per second squared. Which I'm going to suggest is fairly quick. Troy, my friend, I thought I was going to have to lead you to that. Troy, after your question, as a matter of fact, Troy, what path is this electron tracing out? A circle. So where is the net force on it? Toward the center, which is FE. But you know what? It seems to me I could also say this. The circular acceleration is V squared over R, the centripetal acceleration. Which it seems to me that if I use that number there and R, I should be able to get V squared. Let's see. How fast is that electron moving as it spins around this helium ion nucleus? I think we're going to get V equals the square root of A times R. Now I happen to have the force if I divide that by 9.11 times 10 to the negative 31, like we did right here. So that's the acceleration times the radius, two times 10 to the negative 11 square root. That electron's moving pretty fast. 5.03 times 10 to the one, two, three, four, five, six. Oh, very fast. Well, let's be honest. Do we notice any kind of a delay in any kind of our electronic devices at all? No. So in atomic terms, Troy, and yes, by the way, we're going to bring some circular motion stuff in here too, because you know, it's kind of like an orbit. In fact, don't they call them orbits in chemistry? Why they do? Orbital shells, I think they call them. We see that this force is huge, which also makes sense because the energy required to split an atom for the atomic bomb was off the scale. And once that energy gets released, it's off the scale. So yeah, it's a huge force holding atoms in their nuclei, electrons in their nuclei and in their orbits. Example four. And this is to answer Taylor's question. So Taylor was wondering when we did that four, that rectangular set of atoms. And Taylor, a rectangular one with vectors, I won't give you one like that on the written. It might be fair game as a multiple choice. I like this question. I like this question. I like this question. This is totally fair game on the written. It says, find the net electric force, magnitude, and direction on the, and then I need to introduce a new symbol to you. I have to go get a drink of water and come back when you need to, my friend, okay? Thank you. You're gone for a while. Okay? Matt, you gotta help him. Back here. Are you done? Sorry, I was gonna give you some hints if you wanna stay, I can, but if you're done, what block are you? G, can you put it face down, top of block G? Thank you, kind sir. Taylor, what do they want me to find the force on? No, which of these charges, first, second, or third, do they want me to find the force on? So read the question. What's in front, okay. I'm gonna call this in my high-tech numbering naming system, charge A, charge B, and charge C. Now, I need to introduce some new terminology to you. A coulomb is so small, it's essentially useless to do any physics with. So most of the time, we're going to give you a charge in micro-coulombs. That's that symbol there, that's that symbol there, that's that symbol there, that's that symbol there.  Micro-coulombs is times 10 to the negative six. In other words, whenever I see this symbol on my calculator, I would type in two scientific notation buttons, negative six. One scientific notation button, negative six. One scientific notation button, negative six. You're gonna get your charges in micro-coulombs quite often. That's a much more convenient measure. Yes, yeah, but it is micro-coulombs. Oh, sorry, on the metrics, if you look at your formula sheet where the metric chart is, where they have kilo and giga and all those on there, you'll find the symbol mu is actually abbreviated as a micro, okay? Like a micrometer, a micrometer is actually mu M. Can't use lowercase M because that's milli, right? So Taylor has identified this as what we're trying to find the force on. What I'm gonna do then is I'm gonna find the force between A and B, magnitude and direction. I'm gonna try and find the force between B and C, magnitude and direction. Then I'll add them together. I don't care about A and C because it says it wants the force on this guy. I'm sure A and C are pushing on each other. Who cares? Who cares? So you ready? The force between A and B is gonna be K, QA, QB over R squared. K is nine times 10 to the ninth. The charge on A is one micro-coulom, one times 10 to negative six. I'm ignoring the negative. I don't put that on the equation. I'll use that to figure out the direction. The charge on B is also one times 10 to the negative six, one micro-coulom, all divided by, how far apart are A and B centimeters? Sorry, how many meters? A point two squared. That's the force between those two and then I'll add the direction when I think about whether they'll repel or attract. Nine times 10 to the ninth times one times 10 to the negative six times one times 10 to the negative six divided by point two squared. Do you get point 225? Point 225 newtons. Yep, now the direction. Pretend that this charge is not there. Okay, I'm gonna bring it back, but in your mind, pretend you scribbled it out. Which way would this guy want to move if he could based only on this charge here? Would he want to move towards to the left or away to the right? I heard both, which one? Unlike charges, what? Attract. So this force is gonna be to the left. Now we're gonna do this question again, but Jasmine, this time we're going to ignore this charge. We're only gonna find the force between these two, magnitude and direction. And then to find the net overall force, we'll add them together. So we're gonna find the force between B and C, which is gonna be K, QB, QC over a different R squared. I guess if I wanted to be really fussy, I would call the first R, RAB, and the second R, RBC, whatever, I'm not that fussy. Nine times 10 to the ninth, one times 10 to the negative six, two times 10 to the negative six, all over 0.1 squared this time. And if I'm lucky, I think I can go second function, enter and just change my numbers. Change that to a two, change that to a one. You get 1.8, yeah, very large force. 1.8 Newtons. Direction based only on this charge here, which way would this guy want to move if he could? To the right, because once again, unlike charge is a track, is that okay? How will I figure out the net force if I want to add right plus left? What am I really gonna do here? I think I'm gonna go bigger minus smaller and bigger direction wins. What if it was right plus right? Straight attic, so we're doing vectorial math, but because it's in a nice straight line and I already told you, Taylor, on the written, I won't give you non-linear questions. I've seen this before, where is it? I've seen something like this before with numbers as a nasty multiple choice, but I'll be honest, only with two charges at angles. I've never seen a third one in there, and so you had to just add two vectors tip to tail and it was always right angle so you could go straight so katoa. You know what, multiple choice, I think that would be fair game. Written, f net equals 1.8 minus 0.225. Right take away left. 1.8 minus 0.225. And I get 1.58. Neutrons, that's the magnitude, direction. Who's winner? Because we are doing winner minus loser, technically, right? To the right. So a little bit more interesting than gravity because gravity, everything only acts in one direction. Here, now you can also repel. Turn the page. Example 4C, at which point approximately could we place a one, a positive one micro-cool-ohm charge so that it would experience no net force so that the net force would be zero. Select one of A, B, C, D, or E and explain your answer. Well, let's look at the polarity of both of these. Are they both negative, both positive, or one of each? Both negative, okay. Are they the same magnitude? Oh, see it there? So you have to look a little bit in my high-tech drawings. On your test, on provincial exam questions, it'll be really clear but I just kind of, we just kind of stuck these in there. My friend would take this up. All right, let's go process of elimination. Suppose we put a tiny positive charge, don't write this down. Suppose we put a tiny positive charge right there. Which way would this pull it? Left or right? Which way would this pull it? Left or right? Is right plus right zero? Can't be there. How about right here? Which way would this charge pull it? Left or right? Left? Which way would this charge pull it? Left or right? Okay, so I can get left plus right. Here's the question. What's the difference between these two locations? Which of these would pull stronger? The bigger charge or the smaller charge? The bigger charge. So if I'm closer to the bigger charge, this is really pulling right? Fairly pulling left. I don't think that's in balance. Where right here, reasonably pulling left, reasonably pulling right. I think it's this one, but let's double check and do a process of elimination for the rest. If you put a charge right here, which way is this pulling it? That way. Which way is this pulling it? Down right. Can you add that plus that and get zero? No, you're gonna have a net force that way. So I don't think C can possibly be the answer. And I don't think E can be, because here they're both pulling, I think to the left, you would have left plus left. I think for the same reason that A doesn't work, E doesn't work. So it is one of these two, and I think you'd have to be a little bit closer to the smaller charge, and a little bit further away from the bigger charge to find equilibrium. It is B. Q1 is bigger than Q2. So R1, sorry, Q1 is not bigger than Q2. Q1 is smaller than Q2. I'll call this Q1 and Q2 in my high-tech numbering system. So if you have a smaller charge, we also need a smaller radius. R1 has to be smaller than R2. Otherwise you can't be in balance. So, Taylor, in all honesty, that's why I use those. Therefore, because it never looks like a number. Example five is about as tough as it'll get, Eric. And in fact, I've already told you, as I've written, no, as I've written, I've already told you which one I like this question, like this question, like this question. This one here, though, makes a good multiple choice. Here's what I think we're saying. It says, find the electrical force, magnitude, and direction on the electron. And again, we're imagining that little invisible angels, little invisible thumbtacks, something is holding this all in place. It's straining to go, but it's being held where it is. So we don't have to worry about things moving. Also, going back to your comment, Taylor. If things are moving, we need calculus. Can't do it. Cover this one up in your mind. I'm not gonna scribble it out. If that's an electron and this charge is here, which way does this electron wanna move down or up? If that's a negative charge and this is an electron, which way does this electron want to move down or up? Is it positive on your screen? Hang on, let me look. Holy smokes, I barely got that. It is positive. I stand corrected. Sorry. The glare on my screen, I got nothing. Wow. Oh, there it is. Okay, I'm not teaching like this though. Oh, okay. So down. What about here? I better look carefully. Which way does this electron want to move? Left or right? Left. So here's what we're going to get. We're gonna get two forces added tip to tail. We're gonna get this plus that. I just need to figure out what numbers go on this and I need to figure out how to draw a bit of a better line. Once again, I'm gonna call this charge A and I'll call this charge B. Let's find the force from charge A. It's gonna be K QA Q over R squared. I'll call the second Q, QE for electron. There's my high tech naming system. And yes, I'll use QP for a proton as my high tech naming system. Will I ever use QN for a neutron? No, because what's the charge on a neutron? Zero, it would really make a pointless question. So we're gonna have this, nine times 10 to the ninth. The charge on A is two micro coulombs, two times 10 to the negative sixth. The charge on the electron is the elementary charge, 1.6 times 10 to the negative 19, all divided by R squared, which is two micrometers. What does micromean? 10 to the negative six, two times 10 to the negative six squared. Okay. Calculator. Nine times 10 to the ninth times two times 10 to the negative six, oops, times 10 to the negative six times 1.6 times 10 to the negative 19 divided by two times 10 to the negative six squared. You get 7.2 times 10 to the negative four? I get, what did I get again? 7.2 times 10 to the negative four, that's that force. Let's also find the force from charge B. That's gonna be KQB on QE all over R squared. It's gonna be nine times 10 to the ninth, one micro coulomb, one electron, all over two times 10 to the negative six squared. Oh, the distances are identical, that's very convenient, because I think that means I can just go second function, enter, and instead of having a two times 10 to the negative six, I'm just gonna put a one times 10 to the negative six squared, and I get 3.6 times 10 to the negative four. Yeah, it's half as big. Same distance, half the charge, half as big. In fact, my diagram is a bit yucky. Really, I should draw this much more like that, I guess, if I'm gonna be really, really technical. About half as long. But here's the point. There's my resultant. How can I find the magnitude of my net force? Yeah, this is a nice right triangle. I'll take the Pythagoras here. It's gonna be this squared plus 7.2 times 10. To the negative four squared, square root of that. I get 8.05 times 10 to the negative four. Newtons, then they want the direction. Uh-oh, we're at angles now, so it's gonna be at. We're gonna have to find the theta. And I think I'm gonna use this angle here. Now, if I use that angle there, it's gonna be what of what? But you know what, let's put a compass on here. Step south of west. I'll add a little space here, south of west. Oh, which trig function to find angle theta tan? Tan theta equals opposite over adjacent. In fact, I can take a real shortcut. You know what 3.6 times 10 to the negative four divided by 7.2 times 10 to the negative four is? Not 2.5. I'm just gonna go inverse tan of 0.5. There we go, 0.5. That's what that big fraction's gonna work out to. So the angle is, oh, math 12s, what am I in? It's not a special triangle. Yeah, but two is the hypotenuse, not one root two, it's one over two, right? We have a root two is the hypotenuse, we have a two is the hypotenuse, but we don't have a two is the side. 26.6 degrees. Yo, Troy said for the previous question, because it's the inverse square law, would it be four times closer? Let me think, you're doubling the mass, sorry, doubling the charge so you have twice as much force. So two times closer, I think. I think it would be one third of the way. So you'd have one third of the distance and then two thirds of the distance so that it was twice as close as the other one. That was gonna be really, really fussy, right? It would be one of those should make one, two of those. Since you asked, good nerd question. Very nice, hold my shirt. I always do this lesson before circular motion because hopefully you're seeing at least some of this is the same calculator practice just about, which I've learned over the years is something you're gonna need for everything. So your homework is to study for the test, but I also see you a week from today. This is the homework you wanna have done by a week from today and some of you I realize that means getting organized and having to think about things. I think I would like to assign if you're okay with that even if you're not. Number one, two, four. So number seven I like, here's where you have three charges all in a straight line and they're adding a little compass. They're saying up as north and right as east. Eight I like as well, same idea. You don't have another page? Okay, I've been having trouble printing these and I didn't realize the photocopier, I'm guessing some diagram on here, the photocopier couldn't handle. Okay, well then I guess one, two, four, five, seven. And then on Monday we're gonna look at electric fields and I will show you a way nerdly cool toy. Also reminder tutorial today after school.