qualitative research contributes significantly to primary care in psychosocial aspects but is often criticized for lack of consensus on assessing quality and robustness. Five studies demonstrate how qualitative research impacts healthcare policy and legislation while fundamental concepts of validity, reliability and generalizability are discussed with current views and controversies. This article was authored by Lawrence Lien.


Penguin Audio presents The Hypnotists' Love Story by Leanne Moriarty Read by Tamara Lovett-Smith Chapter 1 When people think of hypnosis, they think of swinging pendulums. You're getting sleepy and volunteers clucking like chickens on stage shows. So it's not surprising that many of my clients are quite nervous when they visit me for the first time. In fact, there is nothing unnatural or frightening about hypnosis. Chances are you've already had the experience of going into a trance-like state in your day-to-day life. Have you ever driven to a familiar destination and found that you have no memory of the drive? Guess what? You were in a trance. From an introduction to Eleanor Farrell, hypnotherapist, leaflet, I had never been hypnotized before. I didn't really believe in it, to be honest. My plan was to lie there and pretend it was working and try not to laugh. Most people are surprised by how much they enjoy it, said the hypnotist. She was all softness and soap, no makeup or jewelry. Her skin had a polished, translucent look as if she only ever bathed in mountain streams. She smelled like one of those overpriced crafty shops you find in country towns, Sandalwood and Lavender. The room we were in was tiny, warm and strange. It was built on the side of a house like an enclosed balcony. The carpet was musty with faded pink roses, but the windows were modern, floor-to-ceiling panels of glass like those in an atrium. The room was flooded with light. As I walked in, the light seemed to whoosh through my head like a brisk breeze, and I could smell old books and the sea. We stood together, the hypnotist and me, our faces close to the windows. When you stood that close, you couldn't see the sand below, just the sea. A sheet of flattened, shiny tin that stretched out to the pale blue line of the horizon. I feel like I'm at the helm of a boat. I said to the hypnotist, who seemed excessively delighted by this comment and said that it was exactly how she always felt, her eyes round and shiny, like a children's entertainer. We sat down opposite each other. My chair was a soft, green leather recliner. The hypnotist's chair was a striped, red and cream winged armchair. There was a low coffee table in between the chairs with a box of tissues. Some people must cry sobbing away about their past lives as starving peasants. A jug of ice water with two perfectly round slices of lemon floating on top.  I once had a big, old-fashioned marble that belonged to my father when he was a boy. I'd hold it in the palm of my hand for luck during exams and job interviews. I lost it a few years ago, along with all my luck. As I looked around me, I saw that the light reflected off the ocean and onto the walls. Prisms of dazzling, dancing light. It was a bit hypnotic, actually. The hypnotist had her hands folded in her lap, her feet placed squarely on the ground. Flat ballet shoes, black tights, embroidered ethnic-looking skirt and cream wraparound cardigan. Hippy but elegant, new age but classic. I thought, what a beautiful, calm life you must lead. Sitting in this extraordinary room each day, bathed in dancing light, no emails filling your computer screen, no irate phone calls filling your head, no meetings or spreadsheets. I could sense her happiness. It radiated off her, sickly, like cheap perfume. Not that she would ever wear cheap perfume.  Oh, good. I'll have one, too, said the hypnotist, unwrapping the chocolate with warm, girly camaraderie like we were old friends. She is that sort of girl. She probably has a whole circle of giggly, supportive, lovely girlfriends, the sort that hug each other hello and have sex in the city DVD nights and long, shrieky telephone conversations about men.  She said, Now, before we do anything, I'm going to ask you a few questions. Oh dear, I shouldn't have chosen. Sample complete. Ready to continue?


This study found that providing individual physician feedback improved guideline concordant care for three common pediatric respiratory tract infections, RTI, more than clinic-level feedback alone. This suggests that individual physician feedback may be a useful tool for improving guideline concordant care in primary care settings. This article was authored by Herbert W. Clegg, Stephen J. Esso, Kelly B. Flett and others.


Today the 11th of October is the 80th birthday of a living legend, Amitabh Bachchan. Now you can know him as from different names, you can know him as Big B, you can know him as what he was known during the 80s. That is the one man industry. But the fact about the matter is that Amitabh Bachchan has done so many things in so many different spheres that it would be difficult for a single article or a single video to do justice to the amount of contribution this person has made to India in the creative field. But this is an attempt to summarize at least some of what he's done. Let's go back to the 70s. Well, he made his debut in 1969 in a film, but it was later on in the 70s when he got famous because of the tag as the angry young man. Because of films such as Zanzir, Divaar, Shole. Now as far as Zanzir is concerned, there is this iconic scene which he has with Pran. Where Pran is of course the Gunda, the Mastan who walks into the police station is going to sit on the chair and Amitabh Bachchan just kicks the chair away. And then says that this isn't your dad's police station that you can just sit over here. Of course, I've roughly paraphrased this in English. I'm not going to say it in Hindi for that. Please definitely have a look at the film. But you know films like Divaar where he played the brother of Shashi Kapoor. Shashi Kapoor was the good Samaritan, the police officer, Amitabh Bachchan, the person who had taken to the crime world. But there was a lot of anger in his role. There was a lot of angst. And the reason it really resonated with the audience, with the Indian people is because this is exactly what they were feeling at that point of time. Corruption, the red tapism, the emergency which came later, the crime, the politicians, the false promises. So many of these things because of which the lack of the high rising levels of unemployment. There was a lot of angst in the youth and Amitabh Bachchan channelized this. And of course, for this, we have to mention Salim Javed, Salim Khan and Javed Akhtar, the writers who created this character of Amitabh Bachchan. Who wrote these films, countless number of films. Of course, until there was a breakup in the early 80s between Salim Javed. But that is a story for another video and another time. They are the ones who created this iconic character and gave it to us. Throughout the 70s and the 80s, Amitabh Bachchan came to be known as the one man film industry. Because the film just had to star him and it would be a super hit. Also, we need to understand the history from which Amitabh Bachchan's rise came. Before Amitabh Bachchan, the first superstar of Indian cinema was Rajesh Khanna. And they were part of that iconic film called Anand. Which of course is known for both their roles, especially Rajesh Khanna's role. But then the fall of Rajesh Khanna took place. He had those 15 famous hits. Frankly speaking, that's quite an unbeatable record. And like Shah Rukh Khan once said in an interview, Rajesh Khanna, you really can't touch. There is only one Rajesh Khanna. So then after that came Amitabh Bachchan who became the next bigger superstar. But what the important point to note over here is the fact that towards the end of the 80s, he took a sabbatical from films. And there were political turmoil. He got involved in politics, didn't go very well for him. Secondly, of course, he started a company called ABCL. Which again, if you look at the entirety of it, it really sort of backfired. And there were a lot of debts.  So this man who had been the superstar, the one man industry, the legend, probably the greatest film star, the greatest film star of all time in Bollywood saw this real hard, steep, heavy fall from grace. But then begins the second chapter of his story which literally redefined the definition of legend because of the comeback which he made. It really started on two different points. One was, there's a very famous story which goes at 6 o'clock in the morning, Amitabh Bachchan went to Yes Chopra's house and said, Yes Ji, please, give me some work. Yes Chopra at that time was mulling around the idea of muhabate and that is how you got that iconic dialogue called Parampara Pratishtha Pratashanai where Amitabh Bachchan plays the principal of that school in college and he is paired up with Shahrukh Khan which was the pair up really of the decade and everybody was very excited about it. And the film became a huge hit and of course at the same time came KBC. Again, somebody of that stature coming down to the small screen in a new format of a show and it was a super hit. At 9 p.m. every day, we would all sit down and watch Amitabh Bachchan playing Kaun Banega Karolpati KBC with so many different contestants looking at the questions, trying to answer it. The whole concept of the phone line, phone a friend, audience poll, all of these things were very new. The current generation, Generation Z as they are called needs to know about these things which really happened. Right now, of course, you know there's Instagram and social media and their Instagram lives and FB lives etc. But at that time, this was a very noble concept. Now of course, it's been done to death with the number of game shows and the number of reality shows etc that have come into the market but at that time it was a very, very bold concept, a noble concept and Amitabh Bachchan was a part of it. At 9 p.m. on weekdays became as iconic for KBC just as 11 a.m. used to be on Sundays in the late 80s and early 90s when Mahabharat used to come on Doordarshan and the entire family used to be in the house watching Mahabharat altogether. Now if you talk about the films which he has done in his second half and not even talking about the first half, in his second half there is Baghban which has become so famous for family values that there are an unending amount of memes which are being made on that still. It's a very popular joke used by stand-up comedians. Ux which was sort of a remake of face-off where he was paired against Manoj Bach Pai Kante where he played one of the gangsters along with Sanjay Dutt and so many others. Of course I have to mention Black and if you haven't seen Black that is one movie which you really have to see the role which Amitabh Bachchan played of this teacher who is training this blind girl who grows up and is played by Rani Mukherjee Rani Mukherjee of course was fantastic. That was literally the performance of a lifetime and Amitabh Bachchan could have just retired after that and lived on his laurels. He had been the big man in the 80s. He came back with KBC and Mobbate. He did so many other roles. He did a fantastic role as Black and he could have really retired after that and you know said that I'm hanging up my boots. I don't need to do on this anymore. He lives on as a legend. But that's something which where his sort of work ethic and his dedication and his interest and his passion and his willingness to work more and go on and explore and his experiment really comes up. He did so many other roles after that that you don't know which one to mention in a video or an article. There was Pa. I mean they say that the makeup for Amitabh Bachchan he had to sit for at least 3 hours to put the makeup of Pa to be able to get into the character and look like a child who has that degenerative disease. Pink where Amitabh Bachchan plays the lawyer most recently Brahmastra. Everybody still wants Amitabh Bachchan to be part of the movie. It's like literally when you hear a narration if you're in Hollywood it would be a Morgan Freeman. If you're in India it would be of Amitabh Bachchan. In fact I would also like to mention some of the not so big blockbusters because people are so obsessed with 100 crores and 200 crores and box office figures. We really forget about these little nuggets of films which are really good amazing performances. Personally the one which I fit which was Saif Ali Khan and Jackie Stoffer also part of it and even I think Bummer Irani and who else Sanjay Dutt. I believe Ek Lavya. Ek Lavya was a fantastic film. Again great performances by all but great performance by Amitabh Bachchan. Not talked about so much because again you know things which are like box office numbers are repeated in web articles and articles and videos and interviews these things are sort of forgotten. Then we come on to the ads which he's made. I mean at a certain point of time I thought Amitabh Bachchan was literally doing an ad for every product whether it is hair oil or whether it is powder or whether it is some other product. It is a clothing apparel, a food product. Amitabh Bachchan was everywhere. The bottom line is Amitabh Bachchan's story. This man who's turned 80 years old today. His story is a great one which needs to be told. Not only because it tells us about the great tipping point in Bollywood and in the Hindi film industry, in the Indian film industry but at the same point because it has shown that this man has had so many falls and has risen up again and how. So falling down, yes that does happen in our lives but we can make iconic comes back like Amitabh Bachchan. Doesn't always have to be as iconic because that was really at another level but it shows that in life there are a lot of ups and downs and literally this man's life should be used as a case study to look at Bollywood, the creative industry life, struggles, personal life, the journey ahead and how even at the age of 80 this man is working so much. So no need to sort of hang up your boots. There's a lot which you can do even at that age. Clearly he's doing a lot more than some of the people my age are doing but yes here's wishing Mr. Amitabh Bachchan a very happy birthday and many more to come.


Hello and welcome to the session, I am Deepika here. Let's discuss the question, differentiate log x raised to power cos x with respect to x. So let's start the solution, solution that y is equal to log x raised to power cos x taking logarithm on both sides, on both sides we have log y is equal to cos x into log of log x. Now differentiating both sides with respect to x we have 1 over y dy by dx is equal to, right hand side we will differentiate by using the product rule that is u into derivative of v plus v into derivative of u. So this is equal to cos x into dy dx of log of log x plus log of log x into dy dx of cos x. So this is equal to 1 over y into dy by dx is equal to cos x into dy dx of log of log x is 1 over log x into dy dx of log x plus log of log x into derivative of cos x is minus sin x. This is equal to 1 over y dy by dx is equal to cos x into 1 over log x into 1 over x minus sin x into log of log x. Hence the differentiation of the above function is log x raised to power cos x into cos x upon x log x minus sin x log of log x. So this is our answer. I hope the question is clear to you. Bye and have a nice day.


The next data structure that we're going to be talking about is, as you can see, something known as dictionaries. Now if we think about a traditional list for just a second, the idea behind a list and to use a big fancy $5 word is you could assume that they were something known as a numeric data structure. And all that is meaning is that we have, again, some index and that index is using numerical values to reference each element inside of that list. And if I make a new day, let's say for example that when I want to make a new day of the weekend because we all want three-day weekends, I add in that element and I do something like dot append, well, at the very bottom of my list, a new entry is going to get produced and it will have the index of seven. And likewise, if I were to remove elements from a list, well, you know, let's say for example I pop zero, I get rid of Sunday, Sunday doesn't exist anymore, sorry, people. It's not that the index zero is going to go away but every value is just, well, more like every value is just going to go up. So Wednesday for example is just going to become the element at the two index, Thursday is the new three index. Now what we're introducing today is this idea of a dictionary and the big fancy $5 word for them is an associative data structure. And the entire idea behind the difference between them is instead of an index, we're going to start using a key and the entire idea to a key is this can be anything. Any data structure that we've operated with, we can use as a key and the entire sort of philosophy still goes into play. If I want to reference, let's say for example, we're still using days as the variable to represent this, so this is all days. Now if I want to represent instead of doing something like zero, instead, I can replace that zero, that numeric value and give it something like and just to change the day, I could say something like FR and Python is going to understand, oh, you're now referring referencing a dictionary. And so let me go look up the value there. And that's exactly what you can think is if you think about a dictionary, you have sort of a word that you look up, right? And then you've got sort of the definition of that word of that word as an entry into it. And I'm not going to try and define a cat because it's a cat. One thing to take note of is your data structure or your data types for these keys, like I said, can be anything and they don't have to be the exact same thing. This is Python, so it's a little more forgiving than other languages. But that means if I want to have something that is an SU, I can if I want to use something like 10 or one as an entry, well, it's just a data type and it's just ones and zeros to Python. So it's like, oh, okay, well, you for 10, you want to use Monday or for Monday, you want to use 10 or something like 3.14, it's a float, but again, this is just ones and zeros to Python. So it works perfectly fine. So how do we build a dictionary? Well, if we think about all of the different data structures that we talk about so far in this class, the big one has been lists, and we've used square brackets to represent and create lists. Well, since that's sort of already in use, we're going to be using curly braces instead for our dictionary. And they operate very similar to if we were working off of a list. Same kind of approach if we wanted to make an empty one, we would use the open and close brackets. And then this is where there are some slight differences if I want to give any entry if I want to add an entry into my dictionary, I simply use the square brackets to say what the key is, and then what the value is. And my assumption just how I kind of think about that is they're using square here because it's very similar to the list, and it just kind of makes everything, you know, cleaner when we're dealing with interacting with the data structures. You can also build it sort of statically where you just put all the values in when you're creating the dictionary, just like we can with a list, they all get separated by nice little commas. But the big difference here is that it's not just the entry, it's not just whatever element you want, but you can see that you specify the key and a little colon to say, you know, here's the entry for this. Okay, let's build this out on the fly. So let's say, for example, just to follow my own slides, we're building an inventory for a video game. So I'll just call it in vivo to shorthand it so I don't have to type so much. But I want to create my dictionary to that it is done. And if we're thinking about, you know, the video game, depending on kind of what genre you are dealing with, you're probably dealing with either health potions or health packs, you know, pick which one your, you know, works for you if you like shoot them ups or magic, you don't like video games, think of something else. But the entire idea is I would come in. And so I'd reference once again the variable representing my data structure. And if I want to add an entry, I use the square brackets and then say what key I want to add into my dictionary. So let's go ahead and say health potions. And then we would assign it some value. So let's say it's the start of the game, you know, we just load it up and we have one they give us one to start off. As you can see, no errors are going on there. And if I take a look at my inventory, I can see, oh, I have an entry for health potions and it has the value of one. This also allows me to reference that particular value. So if I wanted to print the value or just get the value of my health potions, health, health potions, I would still treat it as if it was like a list, but instead of an index, there is no index health potions. And in fact, that's actually a great point. There is no index. So I can't say inventory at zero, right? There is no entry for the zero because remember, we can use any number we want. So I could make an entry for zero. But if I wanted to say, for example, instead of printing something, I wanted to add to it. I'm going to just do a little cheating. Say for example, since I have an entry for health potions, I can use our augmented assignment operators to add to that entry. Let's say we've gone through the level and, you know, oh, we found two health potions. So we're adding to our inventory boom. And if we take a look at our inventory one more time, you can see that we still have now we have health potions, but three. And as we're going through it, you know, where we see we get new entries of things. So inventory, like, I don't know, magic scroll, it does something. I don't know what, but we can actually assign it anything. So same kind of concept going on there doesn't have to be that this is a number. Let's say that we found a fire scroll, it does fireball or something. Well, okay, you see there's no error going on there. And if I take a look once again at my inventory, I have in this case, health potions three, and then I have an entry for magic scroll that is storing fire scroll.  But in a nutshell, that's how you build a dictionary.