All hands on deck. Good afternoon, everyone. It's great to see everybody here. My name is Jane Nodell and I'm the Treasurer of the Joan for Mayor campaign. I'm the Professor of Economics at UVM. I've lived in Burlington for about 35 years. And over that period of time, I've served for 20 years on the Burlington City Council as an elected progressive representing the Old North End. Over those 20 years, I overlapped with Joan for many of those years where we found ourselves on opposite sides of many issues. For me, Joan is the leader that we need now. Time and again, she has shown strong decisive leadership on the community safety issues at the forefront of Burlington's current challenges. Starting with the June 2020 City Council vote to reduce by 30% the number of sworn law enforcement officers serving the City of Burlington. Not only did Joan show the good judgment to vote against this ill-advised action she has stood strong on vote after vote in the face of enormous pressure and I've been incredibly impressed and appreciative of this leadership. Consistently demonstrating good judgment about what it will take to address our community safety issues and the ability to stand by your decisions. These are the qualities that we need in the next Mayor. These are the qualities that make Joan the right choice for Burlington. I'm also serving as MC of this event and I'd like to now introduce, as if he needs any introduction, Pat Robbins, who is the founder of the Church Street Marketplace, lifelong Burlington resident, Democrat, proud Democrat, engaged citizen and his service has included 10 years on the Blue Ribbon Committee that played a key role in resolving the Burlington Telecom problem. So Pat, you're up. My watch is telling me it's an emergency. It must be an emergency, right? Great to be here. Hi everybody. Hi there. The last time I spoke to a big crowd on these steps was at the Burlington Bicentennial and I remember asking the Chief of Police, are those steps okay? And they put all new ones in six years later. I think we're in good shape. That was a long time ago. Thanks for the kind words, Jane. I just wanted to say a couple of things. I got to meet Joan about 13 years ago. No big surprise to you. Probably she authored a resolution to put together a Blue Ribbon Committee, whatever that is, to take a look at what the hell was going on with Burlington Telecom. And somebody suggested to her that maybe I would be willing, because I'm not very smart, to get involved in that. And so as a result, I went to find her later and got to know her. And she was a great supporter through that whole wonderful six-year trip where we avoided a lawsuit that might have brought down the city and finally pulled it out the other end. And she was always on the right side of the issue, always quick to decide, always did her homework, always called back, which was a big deal to me back then. So I think here we are at another juncture. Over the years, Joan and I have had a chance to get together for breakfast pretty frequently, get to know each other a little bit. And about six years ago, I started telling her, you know, just in case that Mary Weinberger decides not to go again, you got to go. And she said, I'm not interested in being mayor. I'm not even vaguely interested in being mayor. So every three years, we'd have this discussion. And I had nothing to do with this, but thank God she made the right decision this time. So I think she's absolutely the... There's no question we're going to have a woman for mayor in Burlington. I can tell you that. And it's going to be Joan, I think. So thanks. Billy, nobody ever told Pat Robbins that. I heard yours. Okay, I got it. Get close to the mic, I guess. Yeah, yeah. Thank you very much, Pat. Our next speaker is Alganich Mikal, who is a small business owner here in Burlington. Is this... am I tall enough for this one? All right. Thank you, thank you. Seriously. All right. Good afternoon, everyone. Is it good afternoon? I think it is. All right. Get close to speak right into the mic. Okay. I can't see. Thank you, Jane. Thank you, Jane, for the introduction. My name is Alganich Mikal. I am honored to stand before you today to speak about my friend, the next mayor of Burlington, Joan Shana. My home is in South Burlington, with my husband and two daughters. My business serves greater Burlington and surrounding counties throughout Vermont. Let me share with you a story of friendship, support and unwavering vision. I met Joan almost two decades ago at our path crossed as our daughters attended preschool together. Since then, Joan and I have been friends, celebrating holidays and our children's achievement together. Joan is that friend you can always rely on. She goes out of her way to help anyone in need and her caring nature is one of a kind. When I had to make a tough decision to go back to work after dedicating all my time to my family, Joan was there to encourage and support me. As an immigrant and someone relatively new to Burlington, I did not know where to begin. But Joan was a guiding light. I am a nurse by profession and I was considering returning to my field. But I knew that was not what I was called to do. In life, I have learned that you have no idea what you can achieve until you take that first step rather than tucking yourself out of it. This is precisely what happened when Joan approached me with the idea of starting a business specializing in Eritrean and Ethiopian cuisine, which we proudly call a test of Abyssinia. Joan understands the impact diversity and cuisine has on community. The idea of having my own business had not even crossed my mind at the time. But thanks to Joan, I am now a proud small business owner. She believed in me and had a vision of what my business would mean to the city of Burlington and my family. Joan's support did not end with encouragement. She connected me to the right people and followed up with a phone call until the end. I can attest to Joan's exceptional qualities. And I know there are many others who share similar experiences. Joan Shannon is not only a wonderful friend, but also a person with deep passion for our city and a dedicated advocate for our community. She is the best candidate for the job of mayor. Please join me in supporting Joan Shannon for mayor of Burlington. Thank you. Thank you so much, Alganich. You shared some important aspects of the person that Joan is. The next speaker is Dave Hartnett. Dave was born and raised on Brooks Avenue. He currently lives in the New North End, where he manages a store and he has served the good people of the New North End for eight years. He's well known to many. He has an unmatched passion for the city and wants to see it come through this crisis and on the other side in even better shape. Dave? Thank you, Jane. I always hate to follow somebody who's got their speech all written out and organized and then I'm the next speaker. I served with Joan for eight years on the Burlington City Council and I can tell you this. She is a leader in every sense of the word. She stands on principle. She's honest. She's respectful. She'll listen. She'll work across party lines and without a doubt she will be the best mayor for Burlington. My wife and I live in the New North End and we are lifelong Burlingtonians. We raise a beautiful daughter and my daughter always used to say to us, I'm not leaving Burlington, Dad. I love it here. I want to go to college here. I want to work here. I want to teach in the Burlington School District. I want to raise my family here. That's how special I believe this place is and my wife and I agree with her. And if you agree with us and you think Burlington's a special place and you want families to stay and new families to come and you want them to send their kids to our great public schools and you want new businesses to open not to close and if you believe our waterfront and our bike path, our destination along with our Church Street Marketplace and new value public safety and understand that our next mayor needs to know the importance or what it means to have good community policing that will be held accountable Joan Shannon is our next mayor. It's not going to be easy. Caucuses are very difficult. I have a challenge for everybody here today. You go out, get five of your friends. You bring them to the caucus December 10th and then you go meet five people in Burlington that you don't know that live here. You introduce yourself. You tell them how much this election means and you tell them how good a mayor Joan Shannon will be. Thank you. Thank you, Dave. The next speaker is Julia Shannon Grillo. She is the former editor of the Burlington High School Register the former editor of the Tufts Daily and Joan's daughter Julia. Thank you, Jane. And thank you to everybody who came out to kick off our campaign today. My mom moved to Burlington when she was my age. It was the summer after her dad passed away and one of her four sisters was a student at UVM. She came here on a whim to be closer to family and she never looked back. The summer my mom fell in love with Burlington she lived in an attic on Hungerford Terrace. As she laid down her roots she had a mix of professional experiences from teaching sailing to marketing puppets to sewing bathing suits for fellow long torsoed women. She rescued dogs, a lot of dogs and some of them as it turns out already had a home. She learned those dogs. She made friends, she met my dad and less than one year after she had me she was elected to the Burlington City Council. One day when I was about 13 years old we were driving home from Shelburne. As the sun set over a field through the windshield my mom turned to me and said aren't we lucky to live here? I responded with something along the lines of but it's so boring and there are so many more interesting places around the world I just don't get why anybody would choose to leave those places for Vermont. As we struggled back and forth I finally lamented mom it's just not for me. She was crushed. Crushed to the point of tears. What I saw was her anger toward my lack of gratitude for my upbringing but it was masking the profound disappointment that I failed to appreciate her chosen home. By the time I graduated from Burlington High School I would have been equally upset with the girl in the car. I grew into somebody who deeply admires the Burlingtonians who discover our city as the place where they finally feel at home. My mom made this place her own. She desperately wants to create a community where everybody who wishes to become a neighbor in our city can do so comfortably, safely, and with excitement. She also wants to support people like me those who are raised in our school system and want to find a way to feasibly stay here. My mom and I now share an emotional attachment to Burlington and when this city is hurting we feel its pain. Throughout my life I have watched my mom prioritize her work in a way that invites others in, her family included. When I was in elementary school you couldn't tear me away from con toys on a Monday night no matter how hard my dad may have tried. I have been there for decades of difficult votes and I have been enormously proud to watch her consistently make the decision she believes is right over the one that is politically convenient. Because of this she has been able to keep her 20 year promise that as her constituent you may not always agree with her but you will always know where she stands and you will always know why. This is the quality that builds trust in her relationships. Over the next few months you will undoubtedly hear that we are in a crisis. A public safety crisis, a mental health crisis, an affordability crisis. In times of crisis you need a leader you can trust. Not the person you always agree with not the person who's going to pander to your views. As a resident, a voter, and an active civic participant in this community I want to be represented by a person who has an unwavering moral compass. I am proud to introduce that person today as my mom Joan Shannon. I can really promise you that is the nicest thing she has ever said to me. And this is going to be hard to do through a lot of tears. But thank you Jane for your belief in me. Where is Jane? I can't see that far without glasses just for the record. Thank you Jane for your belief in me, your mentorship, encouragement, and for stepping up to be my treasurer and emcee today. Thank you Pat for your steadfast friendship. And for 12 years of telling me you should run for mayor. Thank you Dave, my Irish brother who always likes to make sure I'm on the right path. We may fight, but we always make up. Thank you Al Ganesh, my sister, cheerleader, and inspiration. Thank you to my family, my husband Ken Grillo who's been enthusiastically picking up the slack at home and keeping volunteers fed and happy for the last couple weeks. A very special thank you to my daughter Julia who came home from college to be here today.   I wouldn't be here today if it weren't for all of your encouragement and confidence in me, I truly would not. My name is Joan Shannon, and I'm running for mayor of Burlington. You couldn't hear that. For 20 years I have been serving as a city counselor and for three of those years as council president. Obviously I'm passionate about serving Burlington and making government work for all our neighbors. I'm ready and well prepared to take this next step and serve as your mayor. When I arrived in 1985, I was a college student here for a summer job teaching sailing. My sister went to UVM and set me up with a summer sublet. Thanks Deb. I was supposed to go back to school in Pennsylvania but I fell in love with Burlington's beauty, the lake, and the enthusiasm of Burlingtonians most of all. I then rearranged my life to permanently move here, figure out how to graduate from college and make a living in Burlington. I've lived in college student neighborhoods, I've lived on North Street, I've lived in the Old North End, and in 1995 I landed permanently in the lakeside neighborhood where Ken and I have raised our daughter Julia and as you've heard, a revolving door of rescue dogs. There is, now you know where to come look for your dog. There isn't a street in Burlington I don't care about. I've been searching my soul and asking the question, do I have what Burlington needs at this critical time? What I believe we need is the courage and leadership to make hard decisions on the path to success. I've been tested at times and I have stood against strong political wins and I know I have what it takes to make those hard decisions in Burlington's best interest. We face enormous challenges in the domain of public safety alone. We have a diminished police force, debilitating drug use and addiction, a significant increase in unhoused neighbors, theft, crime and other inappropriate behaviors. I stand by my record as the only candidate who consistently supported investments in public safety, supported community policing and opposed misguided efforts to defund the police while also recognizing the need for evolution and improvement. My approach is evolution, not revolution. One of the considerations for me in making this decision was that no one can do this alone. It will truly require a community effort. I can tell you that my optimism for our future rests in you. So many of you have stepped up to say, how can I help? You have offered professional skills, time and labor. Burlington, thank you for your spirit. We need and welcome your help. As your mayor, I plan to once again normalize a word that more recently gets stuck in our throats and I will say it loudly. Accountability. We recognize that we need to do better, that people are not getting the help that they need. And still while we are working to build that infrastructure, our community cannot and should not have to tolerate open drug use, open drug dealing, graffiti, car theft, bike theft, retail theft and other harmful behaviors in our parks, in our neighborhoods and in our community living room, Church Street. The plan for public safety must be two-fold. Accountability and care. The bigger the challenge, the bigger the need for collaboration. And so to accomplish this, we will need all hands on deck. We all want a safe, clean and vibrant community where our neighbors have access to the help they need to be healthy and housed. Getting there, we will need to work together with state partners to provide the social safety net statewide that people deserve. And also work together to clean up graffiti, pick up letter. I'm going to be asking a lot of people, be ready. And hold people accountable for illegal actions here in Burlington. Community policing relies on all of us in partnership with our police. And we need to rebuild not only the department itself but the trust and relationship with the community. My intention and plan is to do both. We need to grow our police department and assure current and prospective officers that city leadership and the public support them performing their jobs according to their training and directives. We need to also work to modify protocols where appropriate and hold officers accountable to those high standards. We need to diversify the services offered by our police department and are working to do so now. For our officers to do their best work for our community and in order to hire officers in a highly competitive market, our police department needs to be a supportive environment. Both accountability and care. To truly have public safety for everyone, we need a healthy community. We need functioning physical health, mental health and addiction treatment systems. So that those suffering the most in our community can get well. And again, make positive contributions to our social fabric. Burlington cannot provide a public safety net to all of Vermont from within the boundaries of the city. And we certainly cannot do so on the backs of city taxpayers and neighborhoods. But we can and will do our share. I look forward to working with our legislators and governor to find solutions within and outside of Burlington to provide these needed supports. We will be turning to our state leaders and partnering with them to join in our movement to bring all hands on deck. Housing is a human right. And if we want to have a healthy and inclusive community, we need more of all forms of housing for people in all stages of life. Some people need supervised housing on their way to recovery. Others need supportive housing as they transition from intensive treatment to independence. And we all need affordable and desirable housing options for the workers who staff our hospital, our city departments, our hospitality industry, childcare centers, Howard Center and colleges and to meet all of our other community needs. In order for working people to be able to raise a family with financial stability, their housing must be stable and affordable. The city is currently 70% renter occupied. Renters should have a pathway to home ownership if they so choose. Home ownership is too far out of reach for too many in our community. This will be an important part of our administration's efforts to build community and financial security for everyone. I commit to working with healthcare providers, transitional housing providers, affordable housing developers, market housing developers, lenders and the city staff to help us build housing that enhances our beloved Burlington neighborhoods and provides needed homes and financial stability for our workers. We will ask them to join us bringing all hands on deck. Many residents have expressed their grave concerns about our city's affordability. While we need fiscal responsibility, we also need to ensure we have a thriving downtown and a growing tax base so that we can keep property taxes under control for the benefit of both homeowners and renters. People should not have to leave the city we love because they can't afford to live here. Protecting our downtown businesses and growing the tax base are imperative as we restore our safe and vibrant city. Businesses pay taxes that would otherwise become a residential tax burden. We want to continue to be a destination for tourists to come and enjoy our city and spend money. As a community, we have a universal value for our lake, our environment and our planet. We need to continue to find opportunities to address climate change, keep our lake clean and to stay ahead of best practices and new technology. Implementation should be both aggressive and sensitive to community needs and financial capacity. I support our Net Zero Energy Roadmap and Burlington's continued leadership on climate action. In the past 20 years, I've had countless conversations. I've heard your concerns as parents, business owners, immigrants, college students, generational Burlingtonians and chosen Burlingtonians like myself. As your mayor, I will listen to you. To move our city forward, we need to consider all viewpoints and ideas, whether they are progressive, conservative or anything in between. No one has a monopoly on good ideas. The successful path forward will require open-mindedness, careful listening and rational, evidence-based decision-making in the interest of Burlington and not for the purpose of serving blind ideology. Please know this. I think it's been noted, those of you who know me do. We may not always agree, but you will always know where I stand and why. I love Burlington and I know we can do better. With your help, I will lead the way for a better Burlington. In this effort, I invite you to join our team, Joan for Mayor, and our movement, All Hands On Deck!


I wasn't invited to parties or, you know, friendly gatherings on the weekend. So on Fridays and Saturdays, I would go to my rec room with my basketball and basically dribble myself to sleep. And I think that that was the best thing that could have ever happened to me because doing those lonely hours in the rec room, I discovered the hunger, the motivation and desire to be the best possible basketball player that I could be. I don't know if you know the reason that he did the work out at 4 a.m. But the reason Kobe does that, he understands that even the most aggressive players in the NBA, they're going to get in two workouts a day during the off seasons. If everyone else in the league is going to be doing two workouts a day, I'm going to do three because I'm going to do one more than they're doing. And the only way I can squeeze that in is if I get up and do it at four. And then it's the compounding interest effect of if I do this every single day in the off season for not just years, but in his case, decades, he said, no one will ever catch me.


Good morning, John. Doing something a little different today. It's officially countdown time to Project For Us. I set this video to premiere, so theoretically there are a bunch of people watching all at once right now, and they're all in the chat together just chanting, Butt Fartman, Butt Fartman, Butt Fartman, over and over again, trying to summon him. We'll see if that works. If you don't know who Butt Fartman is, or Beanie Sandfurbs, or Crank Green, or Dave the Fish, or Glen of the Glen, and Dale of the Dale, don't worry, that's okay. They're all mascots of former projects for awesome. Not this one. What's gonna be the mascot of this Project For Awesome? No one knows. You don't know until you start, and then immediately I turn into a crab for some reason. And this happens, which is great. No one doesn't like this. I didn't even realize we were making mascots for the Project For Awesome until last year, after we had had like over a dozen of them. And I don't remember the origin stories. They all have origin stories. If you're gonna read any of them, you should read Butt Fartmans. Boop, boop, boop, boop, boop, boop, boop, boop, boop, boop, boop, boop, boop, boop, boop, boop, boop, boop, boop, boop, boop, boop, boop, boop, boop, boop, boop, boop, boop. Excellent. Well done, everyone. You could stop chanting now. You successfully summoned him. Now in the chat, or in comments, if you're late, you could just type in the best parts of the Project For Awesome, according to you. Now, you'd think that a 48-hour livestream dedicated to fixing the unfixable problems of humanity and Earth would not be so goofy. This is actually something I've noticed quite a bit. If you sort of know about the problems and you look at the problems and you say, oh, that's problem is problem, that is somber. It's not fun. But in the moments when I see people actually working on hard problems, ideally together in community with others, the recognition of the magnitude of the problem is still there. That didn't go away. But also it just becomes human community, and human community is all of the things that humans always are, whether that is silly, or goofy, or sad, or serious, or depressed, or anxious, or joyful, or whatever. It's not joyful in spite of the fact that it's directly interfacing with some of the greatest challenges that humanity has to face. It's joyful because it isn't glancing at those things and then being ashamed that they exist. It's just accepting that they are and that nothing can ever be perfect. But we can work hard, and when we work together, we can magnify our impact. Which this year is already building off of over $700,000 in matching grants. So if we can raise $700,000 during the Project For Awesome, all of those initial dollars will be matched, and we will be at $1.4 million. So recognizing the flaws in our world and then witnessing our combined impact, yeah, it's gonna be a little bit joyful. And then you add in the sleep deprivation and you know, you get what you get. So during the first half of the Project For Awesome, we will again be raising money for Partners in Health and Save the Children. These are two organizations that work to make life better for some of the people who have the very least on our planet. And they both do it in ways that build strong foundations for those communities. The idea being that those people want to work hard for themselves and their families and their communities. They want to help each other out. There are things that weigh on those communities. Lack of access to healthcare and education. Not having enough food or clean water. We know from evidence, from experience, that if you give people the resources and a strong foundation on which to build, they will build. During the second half of the Project For Awesome, the money will go to registered nonprofits that are voted on by this community. So we divide that up and we split it amongst 20 to 30 nonprofits, depending on how much we raise. People all over have made videos talking about the great work that nonprofits that they know about do. Those videos were submitted to projectforawesome.com. We'll watch some of them during the live stream, but you can also just watch them on the website now. And if you like the pitch, you could vote on the charities. At projectforawesome.com slash donate, you will find a little rewards button. You'll click on that and there'll be a lot of rewards. You can scroll and scroll and find all the different things that are available and they're very good. There's so much and we will talk about all of it at projectforawesome.com slash live, which is where you should go the moment this video ends, which is right now. John, I'll see you there.


What's good y'all, it's your boy Ross back again with another video. So I'm going to check out WWE release talent CM Punk ban from mentioning AEW Punk versus Austin rumors and other wrestling news. Man, should be a good video video brought to us by WrestleMania. Subscribe to WrestleMania if you haven't already. But this should be very interesting. I want to see what's going on here, man. But appreciate all love and support you guys have shown on the channel. Skip right into this bad boy. And guys, it is WrestleMania here. Back with some more news. Join us now as we look at the wildest news stories in the room as you need to know, including a Stone Cold versus CM Punk happening. Why Punk can't talk about AEW on WWE programming? WWE releases their talent and more to come. WWE confirms Roman Reigns' next appearances. Okay. Roman Reigns' potential rumble opponent. At hearty, frustrated by AEW creative. No surprise. He throws shade at Ronda Rousey. Uh-oh. The flick caused AEW embarrassment and much more. Be sure to subscribe. Oh, it's a lot of news. A lot of news. Should be interesting. Also, check out our new website, WrestleMania.com. And now let's see the intro and get straight into our first story. See what's going down here. Our first story looks at rumour as WWE officials want CM Punk versus Stone Cold Steve Austin to happen. Atop of today's news is a rumour that some WWE higher ups are hoping that a dream match between Punk and Stone Cold Steve Austin can happen. Now that Punk has returned to WWE, fans are already salivating at the chance of seeing a major match such as Punk versus Seth Rollins or Punk versus Roman Reigns. However, a new report suggests that they could have something even bigger. Eiffel Select is reporting that some WWE officials are lobbying for a Punk versus Austin match. As of now, we're told many in WWE are hopeful and even optimistic that the match could finally be put together. One source in the company had indicated that many ideas have already been floated between CM Punk and WWE. We've not heard how far along in talks planning or pitches that is, but that if it all went well, the ideal scenario would see Punk flying to Austin to go over ideas. However, don't get ready to buy tickets just yet. As the report notes, one source indicated that while that is the ideal scenario, there's a lot to get through first. Those close to Austin say they've never heard him mention any personal issues that the two would need to get over and actually indicated that they drop messages to each other a couple of times a year or so. On paper, there's no reason to believe a Punk versus Austin match can't happen as Steve Austin more than showed he's capable of working a 10-minute plus match when he battled Kevin Owens at WrestleMania 39. However, Austin would need to get time into in-ring shape. You'd also have to work around his schedule, which includes his various business enterprises and TV appearances. Austin is going to be rushed into anything just because the WWE smells a huge box office hit. Fortunately, the increase in number of stadium shows and shows at international venues means the WWE has many choices for booking a match this big besides WrestleMania. As a matter of fact, the WWE may have already made so many big matches planned for Mania that it might want to save this for another show such as SummerSlam or one of its Saudi Arabia events. However, as I pointed out, it's unknown if Punk will work in Saudi Arabia. That's a very interesting match. They've had their interactions before in the past and I'm being honest with you, I would not trip. I definitely would not trip if that was to happen. I don't think they need to rush it. I think they kind of have an idea what they're going to do with WrestleMania coming forward. So I do believe if they were to do this, it would probably fit better at another show. Maybe SummerSlam would probably be the better fit because this is a box office match. But even if it wasn't at SummerSlam, it could be at an overseas show because you know that that would be crazy too. So I don't know. I don't know where they would put this, but I would not be opposed to it. I wouldn't. I'm not even going to sit up here and lie and say I would know. I think that would be very entertaining. The promos they could do back and forth would be must-see TV. So I don't know. We can see if that that does happen. Once again, I am still on the side of don't rush this. If it plays out the way it's supposed to play out and the cards line up and scheduling makes sense, then go for it. The opportunity is there. But don't rush it because I don't think this is a match that people, I know people would love to see it, but I know people wouldn't trip if it doesn't happen because it's one of those type of things. It's not a must-happen match. It's more or less a dream match that people and fans would be very excited to see. So they take their time with it. I'm all for it. Thanks for CM Punk. There's plenty of talk of CM Punk's return, including comments from those in the wrestling industry. One search person is Shawn Michaels. Michaels who recently chanted with Peter Rosenberg about Punk's return, noting he and Punk have some similarities. I understand business and also look, I also wasn't the most popular guy to people. And I was really good at my job. And I feel that's one of the reasons I've had one here at the WWE for the last 40 years. Because again, I'm dependable and I'm good at my job. And I think that if you're that, there's always an opportunity here. Michaels who currently serves as the WWE senior vice president of talent development creative opened up about Punk's return, saying, I'm happy for him. I'm happy for the company. I'm happy for the WWE fan base, the WWE universe. Stories like this are always fantastic, even if they're controversial. That's part of what makes them fantastic. Now expect to hear more comments from people in and outside the WWE. AEW announced her in WWE Hall of Famer Jim Ross recently commented on Punk's return saying, it was a great booking and good judgment by Paul Lavec, a.k.a. Triple H, a perfect end to the show. Next up, what? And it's funny coming from him. He said it. Like, I wasn't the most liked back then. I wasn't and people, some people may not even remember, but Son Michaels, bro, people were wanting to fight him all the time. Like, this wasn't what it is now. The times have changed with back then. No, people were ready to fight him. Like, he's been punched before for, you know, certain things that he said and or done. And guess what?   And and the things he was dealing with his personal demons. But at the end of the day, he knew that he was one of the best in the ring. Vince knew that he was one of the best in the ring. The people in the back that hated him knew he was one of the best in the ring. So I'm not excusing that, you know, that behavior. But if there's anybody that can understand being able to try to change and be a better person and and benefit the company and overall, it's HPK is Shawn Michaels. Like, Punk can't talk about AEW and WWE programming. I feel waiting for CM Punk to dish the debt on his run in AEW. You're going to be disappointed as Dave Meltzer is reporting for those wondering or disappointed that Punk said nothing about AEW. It's because both he and others have signed several NDAs and on disclosure agreements regarding talking publicly about the other. I was already speculation about this as Tony Khan was recently asked about Punk's AEW exit and replied, I can't talk about that. And not to dodge your duck your question. It's just not something I can legally talk about. Are you guys disappointed that Punk can't talk about AEW and WWE? Let us know in the comments down below. Not disappointed at all. He doesn't need to talk about it. He don't. That's why he alluded to it. You know, saying he bet he definitely alluded to it. I'm I'm here. I'm not here to make friends. I'm here to, you know, make money. He alluded to it.  Everybody's cool with each other. People have gotten higher because their friends with each other. So that was that was the dig. I'm not here to make friends. I'm here to make money, but he did not really say it. And he doesn't have to say it, nor does he need to say it because at the end of the day, it's in the past now. It's in the past now. Those who knew where he was knew where he was. Those who didn't, you can look it up. You know, it does no good for both companies to be sending jabs at each other about the CM Punk situation because it doesn't do anything. It creates a cheap pop and all, but that's it doesn't do anything. So I'm honestly cool with him not mentioning AEW because he doesn't need to. He's in WWE needs to focus on what's going on in said company that he's in next up. WWE releases a talent with more to come. That was unfortunately bad news as NXT backstage interviewer Mackenzie Mitchell who joined in 2019 has been let go from the company. Oh, damn. Today it was released by WWE. I met my husband, moved across country from Connecticut to Florida for NXT, a place I've always considered home and met friends that became like family. I've always said and firmly believe in when one door closes, another opens. Oh, damn. Unfortunately, there may be more bad news as Brandon Thurston is reporting there were mass layoffs today at WWE company headquarters. Right now it's unknown how many people have been let go, but there were mass firings earlier this year. Yeah. Damn. Okay. On 19th January to Georgia, this is good news for fans of the tribal chief who were concerned he might not appear until 2024. While it was believed that Roman would be back in time to promote the 27th January's Royal Rumble, there was speculation that he was done for 2023. This seemed reasonable since Reigns worked a very limited schedule with Randy and making it clear that he has some receipts for the bloodline. It seems likely that Roman and Randy will meet in the near future. I hope so. I hope so. And I do think that's going to be very interesting because I want to see if he's going to say anything about Siam Punk. I want to see if he's going to say anything about Randy Orton. It's going to be very interesting. It's going to be very interesting what he says and how his demeanor will be. I wish it was more frequent, but that's it. I think we're going to only get one more date for 2023 and then we'll get some more dates going into the new year. But it's going to be very interesting to see what he has to say. What's his thoughts and opinions on everything that's transpired since he's been gone? Roman Reigns is potential Rumble opponents. Okay. Speaking of Roman's potential opponents for the Rumble, he melts his weighing in on this week's observer. Right now, or at least early in the week, it wasn't locked in who that would be with. A few names have been considered, Orton being one of them. Yeah. Orton Owens and Knight would on paper seem like the top names, but none are locked. And Knight was supposed to go in another direction as of last week. As we suggested on our website, it would be foolish to book an Orton vs Reigns match and have the Viper job out shortly after his return. While the talk surrounding Roman's possible opponent seems to be on a singles match, they could keep things interesting by booking a tag match. Next up. They could. I know and I get what he's saying. That does make sense. If he Randy Orton does come back just to lose it. But like, damn, I wouldn't have a problem with them having that match as the Royal Rumble. I don't know. I mean, that does make a very, very good point. You don't want him to come back and then he immediately loses to the Tribal Chief. That's one person. Another person Roman can put on his notch of people. He's beaten for the championship. Um, I don't know. That's, that's really a tough one. That's a, that's really a tough one. I mean, maybe you could do something for the elimination chamber. I don't know. That's, that's a tough one, y'all. Who do y'all think should be his opponent if he has one at the Royal Rumble? Y'all let me know. Cause it's a tough one. I mean, on paper, the easiest one that makes sense and since Randy is trying to go after the bloodline of what not would be Randy Orton. So I don't know. We'll see where they go. But you know, y'all let me know down below as well. Who do y'all think? Will be Roman's opponent potentially at next year's Royal Rumble. WWE holding off on a Roman versus Punk match. Is a WWE going to take its time with Roman Reigns versus CM Punk? While the match seems like a foregone conclusion, Meltzer is reporting for right now the plan is to take a lot of time before getting there. The feeling right now is that it will be gigantic at the time they choose to get there. Whether it's results in Haman leaving Reigns for Punk and Punk going heel and Reigns face, which was a speculation we got. There are multiple different ways to approach that. The key is to peak it timing wise, although it'll probably work big whenever it happens. But there are risks. One major star who saw the situation said that they'd better get there within six months because of the injury risk or uncertainty with Punk. Punk's history of injuries might lead to the WWE running the program sooner rather than later. When do you think they should actually book this match? Let us know in the comments down below. I feel like they should book this match. Roman has to drop the title first. That's the only way this works because you want to create this unpredictability. Roman drops the title at Mania. You can do it like that. And then if anything, I would have CM Punk and Roman Reigns happen at next year's Summer Swamp. And you could do a turn. You could have a situation where Paul Haman sees the ship is sinking because Roman is not the champion anymore. You see CM Punk is on the rise or whatnot. And you can have a situation where Paul Haman ultimately leaves Roman Reigns and goes back with CM Punk. You could do that. And what you could do is have CM Punk be the champ. If you choose to do that, if you have CM Punk win at next year's Mania and beat Seth Rollins, now he's the champ. Roman doesn't have a championship. He hasn't won that championship. You can set up something. Maybe, you know what I'm saying? There's a way you can do it, but I would at least do it at Summer Slam. That's plenty of time from now to kind of build towards that. If you do it, maybe a little bit after Summer Slam, maybe. But sometime next year would be the preferable time to set that up. But it has to be after Roman loses it. If Roman retains CM Punk is not beating him. So, you want to at least give that era of unpredictability because you don't know who can win or lose. Now that Roman has already lost. So, I would do that. Next up, Matt Hardy frustrated by AEW Creative. Is Matt Hardy growing tired with how he and his brother Jeff are being booked? Matt discussed this on his Extreme Life at Matt Hardy podcast saying, I mean, just creatively, like just the way we've been utilized like the last four months. It's been very frustrating. We've been very patient, but there's been a lot of frustration. Things we've done and kind of how we've been utilized in some ways. Hardy discussed he and Jeff embracing personas as harder-edged heels. Something he says they've never done. Would you guys think of the way the hardies have been booked in AEW? Let us know in the comments down below. I can't really give no type of comment on it because I haven't been watching the hardies that much in AEW. So, y'all let me know how do y'all feel like they've been booked. Apparently Matt Hardy hasn't been liking it. And I think just in general, a lot of the people they have on AEW television has been misbooked. They've either missed the point where that person had the opportunity to really get over even more or they were over and then they kind of lost steam because of the booking. So, y'all let me know how y'all feel about the hardies and how they've been booked. I hadn't really been watching their matches or storylines to be honest. So, I don't want to give an opinion that I can't really accurately debate. Below. Next up, Nia Jax throws shade at Ronda Rousey. Nia Jax recently threw shade at Rousey in an interview leading the fans wondering whether Jax is talking trash or there's something more to her comments. Jax has been enjoying a strong push since her return to WWE this September, recently spoke with Albany Area radio station 105.7 and had this to say about her former tag team partner and occasional foe, Shayna Baszler. She is a great expert at her judo moves. She's a former UFC fighter. She did take out Ronda Rousey. Rousey just got sent to a whole other company, lesser than us. Damn! Shayna does get credit for that. Being so close to her and knowing her every move. I definitely have some good counters. I'm a lot stronger than her. I'm a lot more powerful. I think I'll be okay. Now is Jax just talking trash as some WWE superstars are known to do when a colleague leaves WWE or is there something more personal to her comments? This wouldn't be the first time fans question whether Jax has a legitimate heat with Ronda Rousey. You may recall an interview Jax gave that some believe reference Rousey's first run in WWE. As noted by comicbook.com, Jax who feuded with Rousey during a run with the company caused a stir a few weeks when she talked about how she had to go to WWE officials and stand up for Alexa Bliss after she'd been repeatedly injured by an unnamed wrestler. Given Bliss' concussion history, it wasn't hard to make the connection that she was talking about Rousey. Do you think Jax is staying in character or could there be some legit heat between her and Rousey? Let us know in the comments down below. I think she's more or less staying in character. I think that's really what it is with a little bit of, you know, spiciness to it. But I think more or less she's just staying in character because she was talking about Shayna like I respect Shayna for, you know, taking her out. You know what I'm saying? So I think maybe to set up something with her and Shayna going forward. But I wouldn't read too much into it because at the end of the day, they in separate companies that this is really about to happen. So I'm just leave that where it is. And finally, Ric Flair caused AEW embarrassment. And in case you missed it, Slick Ric came under fire on social media after he cut a promo on Rampage, inviting women from 18 to 28 to stop by his hotel room and leave their boyfriends and husbands behind. Anyone familiar with The Nature Boy has heard this promo before, but apparently some fans felt it was disturbing because of Flair's step to denerian status or the allegations that have hung over him concerning the plane ride from hell. Flair tweeted, I'm so tired of hearing all this negativity. I don't need to work and I don't need the money. Can't I simply enjoy being by my dear friend Sting's side for the next few months without so much hatred? I know I'm old, but that doesn't mean I can't enjoy life. I've earned the right to do whatever I want and exactly what I want to be. I appreciate everything Tony Khan, but I'm more than willing to walk away if I'm embarrassing you and your company. All I can say is I'm sorry. Both Jericho and Stone Cold actually went to the defense of Ric Flair. Should Ric Flair walk away from AEW? Let us know in the comments down below. And I'll see you next time with some more. I think Rick is so sometimes he's stuck in that old school mind back then. Him getting away with saying that type of stuff probably works. But considering one how old he is to the allegations and stuff that he's been dealing with and that's public knowledge. I think I would have stayed away from saying that type of stuff and it's just a different time period now. It comes off a little bit creepy back then. It was the player move to say that we it's Ric Flair. He was always about that life. You know what I'm saying? But now if anything, I would have just been like, hey, I don't know. Rick, I don't think you should say that per se. So I don't know. I'm not going to sit up here and say he shouldn't do it or shouldn't be in AEW. Hey, man, who am I to tell you what to do with your life? I know some people are going to be like, no, he needs to walk away from the company. He's embarrassed in the company. That's their opinion. Me personally, I wouldn't say some of the stuff he said, but at the same time, I'm not going to sit up here and be like, ah, he needs to walk away. No, I don't. I don't think he needs to wrestle that new. He does not need to wrestle that he needs to walk away from for sure. But being on the show, supporting his friend, being around his friends, me personally, I don't think that's a problem. That's just my personal opinion. So comment down below. Let me know how y'all feel about some of the news that you heard on this particular video. Give your thoughts and opinions down below in the comment section. But I appreciate all the love and support. Road to 150K. And I'm still getting speedy. You to the wrestling champion of the world. Appreciate y'all kicking in with me. See y'all on the next one. Peace.


Being in the field of Chinese medicine is considered generally alternative medicine in the United States And you know when I ask people about antidepressant usage they often say things like but you probably don't believe in that, right? And I think the language is very interesting to me So I thought I would take some time to discuss in this video my personal thoughts Based on experience my patients on antidepressants and drugs. Hey guys Dr. Alex Hine doctor of Chinese medicine and author of the health book master the day So before we jump in I have two very important links right below this video The first is for a free download for daily rituals that can add years to your life with Chinese medicine You'll also get my weekly video newsletter The second is if you would like to become a patient of mine either locally or via telemedicine The info for my private practice is in the link below this video now my general perspective on pharmaceuticals is that they serve a role and they can help people and a large percentage of them maybe work in a certain percentage of the time and That they have value right modern medicine has merit It's there for a reason But I have some very strong opinions on it as well And it's not just based on something philosophical or being an alternative doctor It's really based on clinical evidence. The fundamental thing is I'm very pro most of what conventional care has to offer What bothers me is how really nilly and readily for example Antidepressants are given for any small little problem that comes up or how steroids are frequently used very willy-nilly Or how antibiotics are routinely given Repeatedly for the same condition even though there's no response and the other symptoms of the patient are clearly getting worse So I think modern medicine Pharmaceuticals antidepressants, I think they all have a role and they're all valuable. I think there's often big problems in the way They're used though, but I want to go into two deeper things. One is more philosophical and one is more clinical and pragmatic On the philosophical side. I believe that every symptom Including illness that's not emergent in other words. That's not acute and could kill you in the next week or two But chronic illness in particular, which is most of what we suffer from in the modern world if you are in a developed country watching this For chronic illness. I believe that the point is that your body is giving you symptoms to try to find a way back to heal itself Right, your body doesn't want you to be ill It is not advantageous for your evolution and survival to be ill because if you're ill You don't want to live forage get food work have sex reproduce You don't want to live when you're seriously ill chronically. And so these are really Antithetical to evolution. So I think that symptoms is a great word Solutagenic or solutagenesis the symptoms are trying to give you direct feedback To figure out how to heal and be normal again And so I think that symptoms are there to push you on this quest for healing To drive you to figure out what your body needs your spirit needs What you actually need whether it's psychological and emotional or physical to get well again I think that is the fundamental purpose of a symptom your body experiences pain To tell you to get off that sharp stick underneath your foot because it's gonna damage the body The problem with taking a lot of drugs that I see and I don't mean illicit drugs I mean prescribed drugs is that you still have the problem just to a lesser degree and If it dulls the pain of the symptoms enough, you still have the symptoms But now you can function ish Well enough that you're no longer driven on that quest for healing and that to me is a very very big problem Now let's talk about antidepressants in particular because they are one of the most Over-prescribed very debatable efficacy drugs on the market, and they're some of the most profitable drugs in conventional care So I don't have any fundamental problem with antidepressants One of the big things for me that bothers me is that in my opinion my Observation among people and my patients is that antidepressant usage when you have a difficult life experience a death a trauma if PTSD antidepressant prescribing is Often just as much cultural and familial as it is evidence-based So what I mean by that is that you'll find people who have experiences in their families some families Their default response by the parent is if they have a headache They take Tylenol if they feel anxiety or depression or if they go through they lose their job They get divorced somebody dies Their default Reaction is to get prescribed an antidepressant and you'll have people in another family going through the same difficult experiences and their Programming let's just use that word is that they're gonna double down on their friends and their family. They're gonna volunteer They're gonna take as long as it takes to heal They're gonna do whatever it takes for their physical body their psycho emotional and psychological health to be well And whether that takes one month or two years or ten years of grieving Then they go on that quest for answers and they double down on the resources that they have You also see this in very traditional or indigenous cultures the way they deal with particularly hardship loss death Illness is very different from giving somebody an antidepressant and letting them still sit at home and play video games So I'm sorry to have to say that because I don't believe that it's just you know Weak people take antidepressants. I don't believe that it can easily lend to that argument, right? There's I don't want this to be like you if you're weak You can take it if you're strong then you you tough it out you deal with it What I'm saying is I don't think the scientific evidence by itself Points to the fact that antidepressants are how you should deal with difficult life experiences I think you can find a lot of evidence that there are other ways Depending on the scale on the severity and what else is going on that will have the same efficacy Look at the evidence yourself on that. That's just been my experience helping a lot of people through this and getting them off antidepressants successfully But there are other questions as well two other very important things The second is that it is often easy now for hard later, right? Let's see you're experiencing anxiety in Zomnia a little bit of panic attacks It's very common in this era one of the most common reasons for being prescribed SSRIs for example So what I see clinically is that often if you take an antidepressant or God forbid a benzo It's easy now for hard later Because the antidepressant the benzo does not fix the physiological dysfunction it merely puts in a little crutch and when you remove that Unless it's been very very short term people feel horrible again So easy now for hard later easy now meaning I have some symptomatic relief But I don't have to change my life, right? I don't have to start exercising I don't have to take a little bit more time off work I don't have to go find rejuvenating activities or pick up a new hobby or maybe take a little bit of a leave of absence to Go do whatever grieving I have to do. I don't maybe I don't get a dog invest in new friendships Easy now for hard later But ultimately the biggest problem that I see is that it does not fix the underlying physiological problem It doesn't fix it. I don't see any patients specifically. Let's just use antidepressant usage over a long time years to decades What guaranteed happens when a person tries to stop them is that they feel like shit So if you feel awful after taking them, why would you not go back on them? Right? There's basically no reason to stay off them if you feel awful so you get back on them The other piece of evidence is that almost always people need to increase the dosage over time more evidence that from a Chinese medicine perspective Your body's physiological functioning is decreasing So this Compensation is happening where now you need to increase the dosage of your antidepressant So let's say for example the underlying physiological dysfunction has not been fixed or remedied Okay, so one year from now you are in the same or the worst boat But you can't see it because you're still on the drug the problem is if you stop those symptoms often will come back and What I see clinically in my experience is the combination of Chinese formulas with Lifestyle and life changes my patients a year from now are better than they were the year prior Now that's a big difference You're the exact same But often worse, but you don't know because you're still on an antidepressant versus Combined integrative care to really address what's been going on a year from now You will be better with less symptoms than you were prior And I think that is the fundamental crux of the issue here whether it is let's let's get away from anxiety and depression They're very emotionally charged issues. Let's go to acid reflux. It's the same thing I don't see any of my patients on acid reflux meds get better over the course of time So unless you want to be a 33 year old and reflux meds for the rest of your life I would strongly suggest seeking out other options or integrative options because like many conditions with chronic Internal medicine issues if you address it from a holistic perspective over time Many of them can get better or the symptoms can go away I don't really see any evidence of that for long-term medication usage Sorry, that's just my perspective and my goal is not to have a patient on formulas for the rest of their life on Any medication for the rest of our life unless they're type 1 diabetic unless they're really old Really severe or really chronic illness. They may have to be but for a staggering percentage of the general internal medicine problems The chronic problems we have I find that in general Medication use is not tied with improvement over time It's generally you stay about the same and then generally you need to increase the medication dosage or add another Etc that is actually all signs of getting worse and yet the medication is kind of holding you in this limbo period so my biggest fundamental concern is really that I don't see people get better over time and find maybe not Taking that approach or maybe doing that in addition to an iterative approach I've seen many many many many people get better over time or see a resolution of their symptoms to the point where they don't look like They have them anymore and that to me is the point of healing. That's the definition of healing Right, so you don't have to see me. You don't have to see any doctor ever again. That should be the goal Can we agree? All right, you guys, that's my fiery red for today Again, remember two links below this video The first is for a free guide and my weekly video newsletter on Chinese medicine And in addition if you'd like to become a patient of mine either locally or online via telemedicine Info from my private practice in clinic is right in the description there below and before you go I have two other related videos for you here


to this short introduction to the course syllabus that is expected to be taught as part of this course on Microwave Remote Sensing and Hydrology. So this course it shall include both lectures which shall introduce the theoretical concepts as well as a tutorial sessions in Python open source programming language wherein you shall be introduced to processing microwave data in Python. And again the tutorials they are conceptualized from the beginner point of view with the installation of Python and other packages followed by downloading the data and finally processing it. And we shall be having a separate section introducing you to each of the 12 tutorials planned. But for now let me show you the outline of lectures which are shown here wherein the syllabus they have been divided into 6 modules. Let me walk you through a quick preview of the syllabus in each of the modules beginning with module 1. So through module 1 we shall try to answer the question, microwaves what are they and where do they come from. See the fundamental reasons for preferring microwaves in remote sensing shall be covered in this module along with the basics of electromagnetic waves and microwaves have several advantages and some can penetrate clouds and even the top few centimeters of dry soil. So all that are part of this module and microwave wavelengths you know they can be chosen for atmospheric sounding such that cloud and ice have negligible effects on the signals. So as part of this module we shall also cover some fundamental laws like the Stefan Boltzmann law or the Wien's Displacement law etc. After learning the fundamentals the second module shall try to answer the question, microwave imaging radars how do I interpret. So as part of the second module we shall learn about the active microwave systems of synthetic aperture radar abbreviated as SAR. See if I show you a SAR image like this you can admit of course you can admit that interpretation is rarely simple, isn't it? By the way this is an image of Mumbai region. So through this module we shall learn about the fundamental properties of synthetic aperture radar image, the different types of SAR imagery, few terminologies like azimuth, ground range, swath, nadir etc. And in addition we shall also get introduced to speckle which is a salt and pepper noise that is inherent in SAR imagery. Now note that a typical SAR system for earth observation is the largest, it is the heaviest and the most power consuming instrument that can be onboard any satellite. Even then SAR has been aggressively being used for remote sensing when it comes to hydrology and meteorology. So these fundamentals shall be covered as part of this module along with image defects like foreshortening, radar shadow, layover effects all this is part of the second module. So moving on to module 3, let me ask a question. If I cannot see the features how do I classify them? Does this image what you see on the screen does it inform a user something of interest to them? Because we as humans we use a large amount of knowledge and experience in interpreting images which means any means of extracting information from synthetic aperture radar data must emulate this knowledge isn't it? And as part of this module we shall try to answer the question let me re-itrate. If I cannot see the features how do I classify them? In addition through this module we shall also try to understand about SAR image classification through supervised, unsupervised and fuzzy classification and also learn about accuracy assessment. So till now we have gotten a preview of what is being planned as part of module 1, module 2 and now module 3. See remote sensing in the visible and the infrared regions of the electromagnetic spectrum you know it is dominated by visual metaphors. If you open any standard textbook on remote sensing and image interpretation the eyes are used as a very popular example which is introduced as analogous to a remote sensing instrument. When it comes to microwave remote sensing I want you to think of ears as analogous to a microwave system. Just as how humans detect and analyze sound you can think of radar systems which collect information from different directions. So through module 4 the concepts of radar shall be introduced and we shall try to answer the question radars in hydrology how do they contribute? The different types of antennas shall be discussed as part of this module such as the parabolic antenna, the phased array and the dipole antenna. You see radars they have an innate ability to detect water and we shall learn through this module about radar altimeters what they are and what they measure and about the applications of radar remote sensing in hydrology. So, so far you know we have been discussing about active microwave remote sensing is not it? We generate their own illumination by transmitting microwaves that hater target get reflected or scattered to be precise to be measured by radar on board a platform. Moving on through module 5 we shall learn about passive microwave remote sensing. We shall learn about passive sensors or radiometers on board a satellite that measure the microwave energy that is radiated by thermal emission or reflected from the sun or from the earth surface or from the atmosphere. So here we shall learn about the fundamental principles of passive microwave remote sensing and we will try to answer the question passive microwave remote sensing and hydrology are they useful? In particular we will try to see how passive radiometers can be used to measure ocean salinity, ocean wind, sea surface temperature, precipitation, soil moisture and so on. Alright, so in addition I will also introduce you to the in-house experiments which were conducted with an L band radiometer. Moving forward we know that phase of a wave changes with distance is not it? Phase of a wave it changes with distance which means the properties of microwaves can be utilized to compare two or more waves but can phase be used as a relative distance measure? This is what we will try to understand as part of module 6 where we shall learn about radar interferometry. Radar interferometry, we will try to understand through this module on what is the fundamentals of radar interferometry, what are interference pattern, what is meant by INSAR interferometrics are? We will also try to understand about digital elevation models what they are and how they are applied in the field of hydrology. Moving on to a few references which you may find useful throughout this course. Alright, so with this background let us see what is contained in the tutorials. Welcome to the tutorial sections of this course and firstly let me give you a bird's eye view of the tutorials which are being planned through this course at the week's commence. Overall we shall have 12 tutorials the outline of which is shown here and these sessions are expected to act as hands-on sessions wherein you get to follow the exercises as performed by me. The exercises utilize a wide range of data from microwave sensors both in situ and satellite bond and the data used are relevant in hydrology and water resources of course as the course title specifies. Now let us delve a bit deeper into each exercise. Tutorial 1 shall encompass installation of python using anaconda environment and it shall also cover the basic commands used in python from a beginner perspective. In the second tutorial we will understand about synthetic aperture radar imagery or SAR imagery as complex numbers having both amplitude and the phase information. We shall also try to access the LO's pulsar data and work on multi-looking using python. Moving on, so in tutorial 3 we shall work with SNAP that stands for Sentinel Application Platform which is a tool that is used for Earth observation processing and analysis. Now the SNAP provides processing tools for all the 3 Sentinel toolboxes that is Sentinel 1, Sentinel 2 and Sentinel 3. So we shall cover from how to download the images, how to install the toolboxes of SNAP before moving on to the different product types and product levels. And of course once you learn how to download the Sentinel SAR C-band data we shall start with performing preprocessing which shall cover radiometric and geometric corrections. Tutorial 4 shall cover statistics using python. Here both univariate as well as multivariate statistics shall be covered using time series data of relevant hydrological variables. In addition we shall also learn about spatial plotting, hypothesis testing and regression analysis. Moving on, so radar images as such they have a very distinctive characteristic that looks like salt and pepper noise which gives it a grainy appearance called as speckle. So through this particular tutorial 5 we shall understand more about speckle and how to perform speckle reduction through filtering. So spatial convolution using different filters shall be dealt with in python. Coming on to tutorial 6 which shall deal with synthetic aperture radar geocoding and classification using supervised as well as unsupervised methods. Through the next tutorial that is tutorial 7 we shall learn how to handle active microwave data from satellites. And in particular the focus shall be on visualizing and analyzing data from gravity recovery and climate experiment that is GRACE and also the water level data from satellite ultimetry missions. Now talking about GRACE a bit, so the twin satellites of GRACE launched in year 2002 offer detailed measurements about the earths gravity field changes enabling one to investigate more about the water stored over land, ice and oceans. So a little bit about satellite ultimetry that is we will learn how microwaves can estimate water surface elevations and in this regard data processing using surface water and ocean topography that is a SWAT mission proposed to be launched in the year 2022 shall be shown using the CNES that is CNES large scale simulator. Of course more details of these shall be shared in tutorial 7. Doppler weather radars are largely used for monitoring the occurrence and movement of rainfall patterns. So through this tutorial 8 we shall learn to visualize and understand the weather patterns captured by the Doppler weather radar instrument and for this we shall be using the freely accessible level 2 data from NEXRAD which stands for Next Generation Weather Radar Archives. And as before we shall cover details from downloading of data from the archives, coordinate conversions, interpretation of reflectivity, radial velocity data and finally moving on to rainfall estimation using reflectivity data. Now in tutorial 9 we shall learn more about the soil moisture and ocean salinity that the SMOS satellite soil moisture retrievals. We will learn how to read and process multiple net CDF files of SMOS and Python to visualize the time series and to conduct the trend analysis using manned candle test. In tutorial 10 our focus shall be on precipitation estimates from passive microwave satellites and how to analyze them using Python. So for this tutorial we shall be using the precipitation estimates from global precipitation measurement mission, GPM satellite and in addition we shall also learn about preliminary data analysis using tropics that is the time resolved observations of precipitation structure and storm intensity. So this mission is proposed to be launched in year 2022. In tutorial 11 shall explain interferometric synthetic aperture radar which is popularly known as INSAR that is used to estimate information about the earth surface by using the phase difference between two complex SAR measurements. So in this particular tutorial we shall use the single look complex that is SLC SAR observation which consists of an amplitude and phase information and also the exercise of generating interferogram shall be carried out in SNAP. So now you may be wondering that so far we have been individually analyzing the products from microwave sensors be it precipitation or soil moisture or water levels etc. But how does it fit into hydrological modeling? So this is precisely what we explained through tutorial 12 where we give you a glimpse of land surface models which simulates the exchange of water and energy fluxes at the earth surface atmosphere interface. So that was an overview of what is planned throughout the tutorial sessions of this course. Let me wish you a productive learning. Thank you.


Danger, Dr. Danfield.  Beyond the light, there are dark passageways and mysterious recesses. I, Dr. Daniel Danfield, have explored those unknown retreats and know their secrets. Dr. Daniel Danfield, authority on crime psychology, has an unhappy faculty for getting himself mixed up in hazardous predicaments. Because of his astonishing revelations regarding the workings of the criminal mind. As our story opens, we find Dr. Danfield in his office dictating to his pretty young secretary Rusty Fairfax. Period paragraph. And naturally, I was glad to avail myself of the opportunity and excitement of studying a criminal mind when the criminal believed that he was completely free from suspicion. It was four weeks ago today that my secretary, Ms. Fairfax, arrived five minutes late for work. Good morning, Ms. Fairfax. Is that package for me? The postman just gave it to me. Mind if I open it? Why not, Ms. Fairfax? Does the return address indicate from whom it was sent? There isn't any return address. No. Well, in that event, we'll...is there something wrong, Ms. Fairfax? There certainly is something wrong. Look. Why, George? The package seems to contain some excellent samples of United States currency. It sure does. They're $1,000 bills. How many are there? Seven, eight, nine, ten. $10,000. Dan, who do you suppose sent them and why? Possibly some counterfeiter wanted me to see an example of his work. These bills aren't a counterfeit. Wait a minute. Here's the note addressed to you. Dean, let me have it, Ms. Fairfax. Probably it contains the answer to the riddle. Wow. Very extraordinary. What was it say? Oh, here. I'll read it to you, Ms. Fairfax. Danfield, be smart and forget where you were on August 31st. Most unusual. Who signed it? There's no signature, Ms. Fairfax. Well? Well, what? Where were you on August 31st? Don't be ridiculous, Ms. Fairfax. I haven't the faintest idea where I was on August 31st. Have you? Of course. Where were you? With you. You must not be facetious, Ms. Fairfax. The fact that someone has mailed me this money is highly significant. Now, let me see. Dan, I know. No, no. What, Ms. Fairfax? August 31st was the Saturday of Labor Day weekend. You didn't give your usual lecture at the university, and I went up to Connecticut to visit my folks. That's right, Ms. Fairfax, and that proves you're wrong, doesn't it? You weren't with me after all. As a matter of fact, no one was with me. I spent the day by George. Think of something. I have, Ms. Fairfax. There was a telephone call from a man named... Well, what was his name? Are you asking me? Yes. You see, it's very important... Perhaps that's your mysterious friend calling again. I doubt it. Hello, Danfield speaking. Oh, yes, Captain Otis. Captain Otis? That means another case, I suppose. Yes, Captain? I see. Well, what's unusual about the circumstances? Indeed. What's the gentleman's name? Norman Myles. That's it. That's the man's name. What? Oh, yes, yes. I know you just said it was. I'm sorry, Captain. Yes, indeed I will. Ms. Fairfax and I will be out to the Myles home in less than an hour. Goodbye. Well, what's it all about? A gentleman named Norman Myles was found dead in his bed this morning, and he was murdered, Ms. Fairfax. What's that got to do with us? It was Norman Myles who called me on the phone on August 31st and asked me to investigate three relatives, one of whom he believed was planning to murder him. But you're not a detective. You've said so a hundred times. But I suppose you've got to have your fun. Yes, you're quite right, Ms. Fairfax. That's why I kept Mr. Myles' offer in the back of my mind. And the detail that Captain Otis has just given me has put an entirely different light on the matter. Oh, they have. Well, whatever Captain Otis told you doesn't prove it was Norman Myles who sent you this money. I think it does, Ms. Fairfax. In fact, I know it does. Norman Myles knew he was going to be murdered. He wants me to apprehend the man who murdered him. I seriously doubt that statement. Oh, then I shall prove it to you. If you'll get your notebook and come along with me, I'll introduce you to one of the most interesting cases we've ever investigated. In a moment we'll return to Danger Dr. Danfield, but first... Now for the second act of... Danger Dr. Danfield. I still think we should have Mario along. Do you, Ms. Fairfax? Yes. If all three of the relatives are at the Norman Myles' house now and one of them is a murderer, we need protection. That's certainly extraordinary. Dan, what are you thinking about? Things rusty, just things. Yes, I believe we're going to find an unusual situation. I hope you brought along your notebook. Of course I brought my notebook. This the house? Yes, and there's an officer on guard at the door. Otis is the man of his word. I don't see why Captain Otis has to call you every time he gets himself in a jam. Captain Otis is not in a jam, my dear. It is very kind of him to give me this opportunity. Hello, officer. I'm Dr. Danfield. Oh, okay, Doug. We're going in. They're waiting for you. Thank you. I should judge by the pretentiousness of Mr. Myles' home that he was well able to advance his $10,000. Wouldn't you, Rusty? And for the same reason, I can see why his relatives would want him dead. Well, there they are. Yes, and by their expressions, I should say they were a rather unhappy trio. I suppose you're Danfield. Now look here, Danfield. We're sick and tired of the way we're being treated. I'll say we are. Who does this Captain Otis think he is? No, wait a minute. Wait a minute, you two. Perhaps this isn't Danfield. Give the guy a chance to introduce himself. Thank you. Yes, I'm Danfield.  If you're Danfield, then get us out of here. Well, I was never so humiliated in my...  Stop crabbing. I couldn't let us out of here even if he wanted to. They're cops all over the place. You're quite right. I have absolutely no authority. Oh, this is my secretary, Miss Fairfax. I presume that you three are Norman Myles' relatives. That's right. I'm Vincent Warren. The old man was my uncle. I'm Larry Kent, another nephew. This young lady is Judith Nelson, a niece. The idea of saying one of us murdered Uncle Norman. One of you did murder him, Miss Nelson. What do you mean? Nonsense. You're jumping to conclusions pretty fast, aren't you, Danfield? Not at all. One of you three murdered him. All of my evidence points to that fact. What evidence? You haven't been here five minutes. How could you have picked up any evidence? It came by mail. $10,000 worth. That's enough, Miss Fairfax. For the time being, I'll have to ask you people to accept my statement and cooperate. Cooperate? Oh, by signing a confession. I could hardly hope for that, Miss Nelson. In fact, I'd be disappointed if one of you did sign a confession. Why? Because my purpose of being here is to study the guilty person's mind while he or she believes himself or herself free from detection.  Assuming, of course, that one of us is guilty. Precisely, Mr. Warren, consider the facts.  If a man who has made a lifelong study of the human mind, it will be quite easy to determine the identity of the guilty party. Well, how do you like that? Wait a minute, now. I always say every man to his own profession. Danfield, I understand, has one of those mixed master minds. Maybe his ideal work. Okay, what difference does it make? You haven't any alternative anyhow. That's the point exactly, Mr. Warren. You haven't. I merely wanted to point out to you that I know one of you is guilty. You're fairly warned. Well, what do you want us to do? First of all, I'd like to have someone tell me exactly what happened last night. I understand that when Mr. Miles' body was discovered, all the doors and windows of his room were locked on the inside. Yes, that's right. They were. Uncle Norman had a phobia against an unlocked door window. Couldn't go to sleep unless he had checked all the locks himself. Then how did you know he got into the room this morning? By breaking the door down. Well, why did he do that? Well, Uncle Norman was a victim of habit. He did everything by the clock. Went to bed, got up, ate meals, everything. I see. This morning, he didn't appear at breakfast at the regular hour. Yes, I did. We'd all come down to breakfast and we're sitting waiting. Judith, you have to keep yawning. You're making me sleepy. Oh, sorry, darling. I can't help it. I'm not used to getting up in the middle of the night. Neither am I. Sometimes I wonder if all this is worth it. It's worth it to me. The way things are going in my business, I could use one-third of a million bucks very nicely. Well, who couldn't? That's what I tell myself every time I'm ordered down here for a weekend. Then I say one-third of a cool million dollars is a lot of dough. Quit beefing and go earn your money. What killed me is that he picked a weekend order to come and see him. I had a party planned up in the mountains. Oh, well, it's worth it, I guess. Sure it is.  I'm beginning to doubt that. How old is he anyhow? 73 is last birthday. Say, wouldn't it be a joke on us if he left his door to a home for his stunted ducks or something? No, no, he wouldn't do that. He's told us enough times that we're his kids. Say, what time is it anyway? Time? All right. 8.15. Why? Why? Uncle Norman would die rather than be late for breakfast. He told us last night that breakfast was to be at 7.45.  Oh, well, why worry about it? He'll be long. I think one of us ought to go up and see if he's all right. What good would it do? He always keeps his doors locked. We could wake him up by knocking. Are you kidding? Uncle Norman wouldn't wake up if a bomb explodes under his bed. I think Judah's right. We ought to do something. I'll go up. No, wait a minute. We'll all go. What's the matter, darling? Afraid to let me have a few minutes alone, my dear uncle?  I don't trust you as far as I can throw an anvil. Why, you rat, you're just... Oh, quit it, you two. Let's get going. You know how Uncle Norman feels about us quarreling? Now, come on. At least we can do his respect, his wishes while we're in his house. Oh, don't set yourself up as a model, Larry. You're no paragonist. At least I've got the decent seat here. Oh, cut it out. We're all putting on an ax, so why not lay off till we get away from here? You started it. Now, here's Uncle Norman's room.  Listen to that guy, will you? Try it again, Larry, and laud it. Uncle Norman! Uncle Norman! Maybe you suppose something's happened to the old boy? He's not that dear. What are we going to do? We've got to do something. Try the knob. That's locked. He always locks his door. He's had another heart attack. I just knew he had. Uncle Norman! Uncle Norman! Well, we'll never hear you. Well, what are we going to do? Why don't you force the door? We've got to find out what's wrong. I'll raise the old Harry if nothing's wrong. Well, we can't just stand around here all day waiting for him to wake up. Something's happened to him, or he'd be awake before now. Come on, Benny, put your shoulder to the door. Okay, only don't forget it. It's your idea. Once more now. Come on. Oh, thank heavens. There's Uncle Norman in bed. Sound asleep. Open the window, someone. It's hot as blazes in here. I'll do it. Hey, Benny, come over here. What's the matter? Look, God, heavens, he's dead. He's not only dead. He's been strangled. Murdered. Well, that's a very interesting story, Mr. Kent. I think it answers my question all right. What do you mean it answers your question? Well, that tells me who murdered Norman Miles. You're crazy. And if you know who murdered him, why don't you tell us? For several reasons, Mr. Kent. In the first place, my purpose in being here is to study the criminal and his reactions while he still believes himself unsuspecting. Now that I know his identity, my task is going to be much more interesting. Why, the man's crazy. Look here, Danfield, if you really think you know who it is who murdered Uncle Norman, it's your duty to point out the guilty party. No, Mr. Warren, I don't think it is. I'm not a policeman or even a private detective. If I pointed out the guilty party, it would only make things more difficult for the police. Why? Because I have none of the concrete evidence that the police require in order to establish the murderer's guilt. In other words, it can prove nothing. Does that relieve your mind, Ms. Nelson? Ms. Fairfax, have you your notebook handy? I'm all set. Fine. I'm going to ask three questions. I'd like to have you jot down the answers for beat'em. I think the nature of the answers will determine at what point in our investigation we should ask Officer Moriarty on guard outside the house to step inside and make an arrest. Well, how do you like that? This guy kills me. He's going to ask three questions. And bingo, he can prove who the murderer is. Well, I'm not answering any questions. Neither am I. I think you will, because the one who refuses will immediately be taken into custody. Let me see now. Mr. Kent, I'll leave. I'll start with you. Are you quite positive that all the windows and doors in Mr. Miles' bedroom are locked down the inside? Yes, I've already told you that. I checked them myself. You mean you checked all but the window that Miss Nelson opened when the three of you came through the broken down door? Listen, Hawkshaw, if you think that I... Miss Nelson, I'll now ask you your question. Was the window locked when you went to open it? Sure, it was locked. I unlocked it. And if you don't believe me, you can look for my fingerprints. You'll find out. Very well. Mr. Warren, have the three of you been separated at any time since you discovered the body? Well, since the others came through with answers, I suppose I'd better. No, we all came downstairs, called the doctor and then the police. We stayed in this room until they arrived. Excellent. Mr. Perfex, have you got all that down? Verbate him, Dr. Danfield. Thank you. Now, will you please step to the door and ask Officer Moriarty to come inside, please? In a moment who returned for the third act of Danger, Dr. Danfield, but first, now for the third act of... Danger, Dr. Danfield. Here we are, Mr. Perfex. Well, they certainly demolished the door to Mr. Miles' bedroom, didn't they? Then you annoy me. Yes, the lock has sprung. That means the door was locked from the two men broke it down. Giving that big buildup about asking three questions and then not paying at all. Careful when you step into the room, Rusty. You might be stuck in one of those spunkers. Never mind my stockings. There we were, waiting for Officer Moriarty to make the arrest. And then all you did was borrow his flashlight. These windows are locked exactly as described. Now let's examine the open window. Do you realize that those people downstairs think of you now? They're laughing at you. When this story gets out, your reputation will be ruined. Dean? Possibly we'd better check the fingerprints on this window lock just to make sure that Miss Nelson was telling us the truth. What's your opinion, Mr. Perfex? My opinion is that we'd better get out of here before we make bigger fools of ourselves than we already have. Well, look here. Look where? Never mind. You don't like to have interest in this case, surprises me, Rusty. Come along now. No, Dan, wait. I am interested in the case only... Only what? It's you I'm interested in. You've got such a good reputation. I don't want to see it ruined, that's all. Rusty, you're really a very nice person. Come on now, in less than 15 minutes we'll have found what we're looking for. I promise it. Dan, it's awfully dark out here. I wish Mario were with us. You're not frightened, are you? Is there something to be frightened of? Oh, yes, yes. I have no doubt that someone will attempt to take our lives in a very few minutes. That's a pleasant thought. What's the matter? What there? Two depressions in the soft earth beneath the window of Mr. Miles' bedroom. Dan, those marks were made by a ladder. Quite right. Then that means that someone put a ladder here last night and climbed up to the... Dan, that window up there is the one that Judith Nelson said she opened. So it is. However, no one climbed up the ladder. What do you mean no one climbed up the ladder? The marks on the ground, Rusty. They indicate that the ladder was only three feet from the house. If anyone attempted to climb up it he or she would have fallen over backwards. I guess you're right. Then why was the ladder placed against the house at all? Because someone wanted the police to investigate and discover what we've just discovered. But why? Well, because that would lead investigators to think that admission to Mr. Miles' room was not gained via the window above. That doesn't make sense to me. The window was locked anyway. Is it? Well, well, look here. Now what are you looking at? That tree. You notice how that branch extends over the ledge just below the bedroom window? What about it? The window was locked. Dan, what are you going to do? I'm going to climb the tree. You stay here. Dan, no. I'm coming too.  Women aren't supposed to climb trees. Dan, Dan, see them. You come back here. That limb won't hold you. Don't shout so, Ms. Fairfax. I don't want to be caught up in this tree. Oh, you don't. Well, honey, you think that I... What was that? Rusty. Rusty. You're breaking your gun and I'm falling. Rusty! Rusty! Hey! Now just a minute. Just a minute, Mr. Officer of the Law. I got to see Dr. Dan for you. Well... Never mind. Don't say it. I'm going to see him just the same. Well... I guess you don't know who I am, eh? Me? I'm Mario Consoletti. You ever hear of me, eh? Well, no.  All you say is, well, well, that's a matter. You don't speak English like me. Well, there you go again. Well, well, well, well, well, that's a... That doctor must have get himself in another pickle man. No, no. You stay here, Mr. Officer of the Law. I speak to my... Hey, doctor! Doctor, that's you. This is me, Mario, doctor. Mario, over here. Hey, what's going on around here? Who chopped down that tree? Mario. Dan's under that tree. What's that? The doctor hiding under the tree? What's this all about? Mario! Mario, get me out of here. The doctor. Okay, doctor. Go away. Mario! Mario! Mario! Mario! Hey, doctor. Don't worry. I'll fix you up. It's... Be a little careful, Mario. That's all right. It all didn't do me any good. You put out of the tree, huh, doctor? Very funny. Hey, maybe you got a shot at two. No, no, no. I didn't get shot. The branch started to break and he missed. There. I'm all right. Where's Rusty? Dan, over here. Rusty, you all right? For sure she's all right, doctor. When a woman can talk, she's all right. Let's not try to be funny at a time like this, Mario. Me, funny? What happened, Rusty? Somebody came up behind me and hit me. I went out like a light. Yes, and then he shudded me. Well, I saw where he went. Rusty, you go back to the house, Mario. No, I'm going with you. Rusty, sometimes you try me. Well, this is no time to argue. Mario, will you pick up the flashlight? Pick up with the flashlight. I got him. Where we going now? Over to that small building behind the garage. Our attacker was heading in that direction. Well, frankly, Mario, I'm glad you're having along. Me, having along? That's very funny. I've been looking for you all day. You should not go off without Mario, doc. No. Perhaps you're right. Shouldn't we be a little less noisy if the person we're after... He isn't in the building, Miss Fairfax. I'm sure of it. Here we are. Hold that flashlight on the door, Mario. Okay, doc. Well, that was easy. Throw your flashlight around inside, Mario. Will you please? That's fine. Follow me. Let me go first, doc. If that's a fellow with you here... He isn't here, Mario. I've already told you that. The place is empty, all right. Not quite, Rusty. What do you mean it isn't? This is nothing but a tool shed. Hey, maybe somebody's hiding behind those boxes, huh? There's no one hiding behind the boxes. Well, just as I thought. Isn't that, doc? He's always a thinkin'. Yes, that settles it. Come along. We can return to the house now, and this time we can identify our murderer without asking any questions. Well, Judith, where have you been?  Oh, so you heard it too, huh? You should have seen the expression on Hanfield's face when he hit the ground. I did see it. And I saw the expression on your face when you sawed the limb halfway through this afternoon. Snooping again, huh, Judy? Yes, snooping again. And so were you. And so was Larry. By the way, where is Larry? Right here, darling. If you think I'd try to escape, it would be a sucker to do that, wouldn't I? This is really very amusing. We're all actually suspicious of each other, aren't we? And if you're asking me that just what Danfield wants, he thinks the guilty party will break down on the strain of wondering which one of us he's going to put the finger on. You sound worried, Vince. I suppose by that crack, you mean I've got something to worry about. Well, have you? Oh, stop it.  If we keep this up, we'll beat each other's throat. She... She's right, Larry. Sorry I went off the deep end. Sure, okay. Let's forget. Oh, here comes the great man now. Remember, whatever he says, we stick together. Oh, so you're back again, are you, Danfield? What's it going to be this time of spelling bee? Maybe he's thought up three more questions to ask us. What I want to know is, who's the character you've brought along with you? Uh, she means you, Mario. She means me? Hey, Larry, what do you mean by this, the name you called Mario? Never mind, Mario. Now, if you have all finished with your remarks, I'll ask Officer Moriarty to arrest the guilty party and we'll be on our way. Listen to it. What are you going to do this time? Borrow the cops' gun? How about the three questions? Don't we get to answer questions this time? No, Mr. Kent, I can prove you killed your uncle without asking you any more questions. I killed him. Certainly, Mr. Kent, you killed him. I've known it all along, but it's been only within the past five minutes that I've been able to secure enough evidence to establish your guilt, definitely. I killed him. Vinny, did you hear what that guy said? Yes. I heard him, Larry. Too bad, isn't it, Larry? Why you? I don't think you'll get much sympathy from your two cousins, Mr. Kent. You see, they've known all along that you were guilty, but they were afraid to... Mario! Don't worry about me, Doc, I'm all ready. You all right? Well, how do you like this? Funny, fellow. Who are you? I just don't know how Mario likes this. It's very funny. I like this too. In a moment we'll return for the conclusion of our story, but first, now for the conclusion of... Danger, Dr. Danfield. A new paragraph. I wish to mention that it was through the courtesy of Captain Otis of the police department and the able assistance of Miss Fairfax and Mario that I was availed this opportunity of studying the criminal mind under these circumstances, which Miss Fairfax, I'm not through. I'll say you're not. And if you don't tell that lecture class of yours how you knew how the murderer got into Norman Miles' room, I'll write it in myself. Miss Fairfax. I mean it. I believe you do. Well, the murderer climbed the tree to the ledge and got in through the window. How could he? The window was locked. Judith Nelson swore she unlocked it when she opened it that morning. Miss Nelson only thought she unlocked the window. What? Yes, you see, Larry Kent had loosened the hest earlier in the day so that when Mr. Miles locked his window at night, the levers led over the catch instead of under it. Dad. Then, of course, Mr. Miles didn't lock his window, but thought he had. That's right. Kent later entered the room through the window and strangled his uncle. However, the next day, he had the problem of tightening the hasp without detection. But you established that all three of the suspects had been together all day. Yes, which meant that Mr. Kent had to wait until nightfall to tighten the hasp back into place and to remove his fingerprints. And it was Kent who shot at you and then ran toward the toolhouse. Yes, he wanted to return the screwdriver. He didn't want anyone to find out that he's heightened the hasp. But how did you know it was Larry Kent? I saw him when I was falling out of the tree. Oh, then you didn't know? Oh, yes, yes, I did, Mr. FX. I knew he was guilty all the time because of my knowledge regarding the workings of the human mind. I see. Uh, Dan. Yes, Rusty? Do you, uh, by any chance know what I'm thinking of right now? Indeed I do, Rusty. Lift your chin a little higher, please. Okay.


I am welcome to your session. Let us just ask the following question. The question says, integrate the following functions. The given function is 1 by x into square root of ax minus x square. Let us now begin with the solution. Let i is equal to integral of 1 by x into square root of ax minus x square with respect to x. Now quote, a by t in place of x, x equals to a by t implies dx is equal to minus a by t square dt. Now x into square root of ax minus x square will be equal to a by t as x is equal to a by t into square root of a into a by t minus a by t whole square and this is equal to a by t into square root of a square by t minus a square by t square and this is equal to a by t into square root of a square t minus a square by t square and this is equal to a square by t square into square root of t minus 1. So by putting a by t in place of x in this integral we get i equals to integral of 1 by a square by t square into square root of t minus 1 into minus a by t square dt and this is equal to integral of 1 by square root of t minus 1 into minus 1 by a into dt and this is equal to minus 1 by a into integral of 1 by square root of t minus 1 with respect to t. This is equal to minus 1 by a into integral of t minus 1 to the power minus 1 by 2 with respect to t. We know that integral of ax plus b to the power n with respect to x is equal to ax plus b to the power n plus 1 divided by derivative of ax plus b that is a plus c. So using this formula integral of t minus 1 to the power minus 1 by 2 with respect to t is equal to t minus 1 to the power minus 1 by 2 plus 1 by minus 1 by 2 plus 1 plus c and this is equal to minus 1 by a t minus 1 to the power 1 by 2 by 1 by 2 plus c and this is equal to minus 2 by a into square root of t minus 1 plus c. Now x is equal to a by t this implies t is equal to a by x so this is equal to minus 2 by a into square root of a by x minus 1 plus c this is equal to minus 2 by a into square root of a minus x by x plus c hence our required answer is minus 2 by a into square root of a minus x by x plus c this is our required answer. So this completes the session by and take care.