Ychydig ymgyrch yn ymhyrch gyda'r mater i newid i ddim yn y Llywgr Rhaid Wael, ystyried am y deadliad Frys-Gerion Michael Beary, eich cyfeilio â chi, a'r気nod hynny a ddiddordeb yn clwydoedd ar gyfer ei rhoi arno ar ei rôl ar yr Unedig Dynol. Roeddwn i'n ymhyrch chi'n ystyried, rydych chi'n sebydd. Rydyn ni'n wedi'u lleirahono ar gywe'r unedig gyda'r unedig ymhyrch ar yr unedig yma. the 60th anniversary of Ireland's involvement in peacekeeping. It was only three years after we joined the UN that we started peacefulkeeping. Our involvement in peacekeeping operations and we sent a small army contingent to Lebanon in 1958 and since then there have been something like 70 thousand tours of duty by Irish Defence Force personnel across the world. Europe to Asia to the Middle East and Africa. This has been the Irish military involvement and defence force involvement in peacekeeping has been a major plank of Irish foreign policy. It has meant that we have taken part in missions that have promoted our particular foreign policy objectives of peace, security, conflict prevention and have done that consistently for the last 60 years. I think that Tishuk said that not one day had passed when he was in the UN last year celebrating the peacekeeping 60th anniversary. He said not one day had passed where there wasn't an Irish peacekeeper somewhere in the world which is an incredible achievement and an unbelievable tradition and certainly in Irish foreign policy practitioners abroad have been very well aware of how that has supported Irish foreign policy. It's also necessary to pay tribute to the number of peacekeepers who have given their lives while on peacekeeping missions. 88 Irish peacekeepers have lost their lives and have not come back and also to families. But somebody who is a wonderful example of the dedication that Irish defence forces have given to peacekeeping is Major General Michael Beary. He joined the defence forces and he's had a long and distinguished career since 1973 when he first joined. As general officer commanding second brigade since 2013 he served in a wide variety of assignments and had several staff and command officer appointments. He was previously director of training for the Irish defence forces and comadant of the military college which I think as you mentioned provides you with the background to deal with pretty well anything in the defence forces. In particular he spent 12 years on overseas deployments including in Afghanistan, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Iraq, Lebanon, Uganda and Somalia. He was in liaison team leader with the international security assistance force in Afghanistan and from 2011 to 2013 he commanded the European Union training mission firstly in Uganda and then in Somalia. But in particular his last major assignment was as head of UNIFIL. Where he commanded he took over in May 2016. He was appointed by the then Secretary General Ban Ki-moon as head of mission and force commander in UNIFIL. At the head of 10,500 troops from 40 countries with the headquarters in Nakura with the full UN mandate and I'm sure he will tell us of his experience there. Also in particular during his time at UNIFIL Major General Barry was known well to take a proactive approach which enabled the mission to fully undertake its important mandate which of course is to restore peace and security in the region. I think it was a case that in Lebanon there had been peace for 10 years and one of your well known attempts was that no Lebanese child should have to experience war and certainly you contributed hugely to that. So we look forward to hearing from you. Thank you very much. Good afternoon. Chairperson, your Excellency, Mary Cross, an old friend of mine from Brussels days. Members of the IEA, the International Institute for European Affairs, distinguished ambassadors, distinguished guests ladies and gentlemen. I'm not sure whether we're on peacekeeping today or backstopping but I'll try and stick to the peacekeeping which is probably I know more about. Thank you for inviting me to speak. It represents for me a good opportunity to address you while I remain at least somewhat current from my command of UNIFIL and also from command of the European Union CSDP mission back in 2010 to 2012. I think firstly as peacekeeping is our major topic today I would just like to mention the tragic loss of life in the Addis Ababa air crash including the loss of 22 UN. It seems you know it's still been worked out but it seems 22 UN personnel lost their lives and including our own world food program, aid worker Michael Ryan. So Eryeshtey, Garev and Annamaka. I commence with my personal perspective on UN peacekeeping operations with a small tour of the crisis management horizon and then followed by a more in depth view of our Ireland's involvement in the Middle East and of course with Lebanon. The UN has entered a period of significant adjustment. If we go back to September 2015 the then Secretary General of Ban Ki-moon commented on the critical need for change in the high level independent panel on peace operations or otherwise known as the HIPPO report when he said that we must harness the full range of tools available. Political security, development, human rights and humanitarian and we need to change the way in which we do business within and across that range. So I think probably that marks out the latest the latest move towards change within the United Nations. I would suggest that peacekeeping now does rest in a period of uncertainty. There are questions been asked by the international community. There is questions over commitment to operations reflected in an ever tightening budgetary environment. And we should always remember that it is one member of the 193 UN states that funds 22% of the overall UN budget and 28.4% of the peacekeeping budget and that of course as you know is the US. The rules based international order based on effective multilateralism cannot be taken for granted in this context. Given the particular trend that we have at the moment towards isolationism, towards populism on the left and right, towards we have the rise of nationalism. So all of these are in the mix. However instability does remain very much endemic worldwide. It has not gone away to quote somebody famous. In Africa we have the DRC, we have CAR, the Central African Republic. We have of course Mali which is very volatile and we are now witnessing spreading Islamist militancy in Bukini Faso south of Mali. In the Middle East we have Yemen which as you know is very close to famine at one point. We have Syria and we have other areas where there is major difficulties. Central America of course Venezuela is just bubbling over. These are all issues and challenges for the UN into the future. And these are challenges that the UN including Ireland will be asked to address at some point. The UN has been subjected to criticism from many quarters. And an unfortunate simple new phrase has entered the lexicon surrounding the deployment of peacekeeping operations. A UN mission should do no harm. Which is at some remove from the UN charter and the ideal of nations banding together to promote peace worldwide. This of course has resulted from some poor UN experiences in Africa with sexual exploitation and abuse. And in Haiti with the introduction of infectious disease. UN casualties in the meantime have spiked since 2013. Over 205 personnel have died in UN peacekeeping missions through acts of violence. That's more than during any other five year period in UN history. This spike in violence against UN personnel has prompted the completion of you may have heard of it. The left in general Santa Cruz report. And in the report he stated and I quote. The United Nations has not fully adapted to modern hostile operational environments and security council mandates. The United Nations lacks a conceptual approach as certain missions operate outside the governing principles of peacekeeping. Which are consent impartiality and the use of force. The UN also lacks required supporting skill sets and resource processes. And mindset for delivering peace operations in modern complex conflicts environments. And forceful security council mandates. So I think he was very frank and open and did cause quite a stir with that report in UN circles. And really has caused pause for thought. When we look at the UN today there's over 106,000 civilian and military personnel dispersed among 15 UN missions. At a cost of 7 billion. And why that might sound like an enormous figure it is less than 0.5% of worldwide military spending. So in that context it is not a major figure. The UN the EU itself has 17 military and civilian missions deployed worldwide. With approximately 7,000 personnel. This represents a significant international commitment by both the EU and the UN to peace worldwide. However a significant challenge for the UN has been the non-engagement in UN peacekeeping operations by European countries. And I think I can accept Ireland from that. But we're only 7% of UN troops are provided by Europe. And a significant proportion of them were represented in UNIFIL with 14 EU countries. Why do we have such low representation? Why is the EU such low representation? I think firstly the Rwanda and Srebrenica disasters still impact the thinking of some European countries. And of course we have the huge political difficulty that arises for European countries if they have to accept fatalities in such missions. One commentator has noted that the public in any European country does not want their children to die for Juba, Bamako or Goma. So perhaps that's something for us to reflect upon. Ireland has been proactive and suggested a new initiative on rotation cycles or deeper cooperation between European countries in contributing to peacekeeping operations. No end state has always been a concern for European countries. This long deployment without a certain end date. And particularly when important capabilities are deployed. However, on the other hand, the UN horizon is always different. And they like short term deployments are much more of a challenge for the UN. However, change is being addressed. Secretary General Guterres launched his action for peacekeeping initiative, the A4P. The UN likes acronyms that used to be R2P, right to protect all the will, it's A4P. This time last year and effective from the first of January this year. UNHQ peace and security architecture is now reconfigured in a new department of peace ops, DPO, in the Department of Political and Peace Building Affairs, DPPA. With the intention to deliver more regionally integrated political strategies and improving linkages with regional partners such as the African Union and the European Union. Of course time will reveal if such initiatives have a real impact. Just on the importance of EU involvement, the EU countries, both NATO and partners, provide military skills at a high level. But also, and more importantly, they provide incredible political and diplomatic weight. This was my experience particularly in UNIFIL, where the parties would always listen to countries like Spain, like Italy, like France, when they would speak. So that does add considerably to the achievement, if you like, of the mission. This really provides a nice entry point for me to explore UNIFIL and the Middle East with you. Touching into Lebanon, Lebanon at the moment, historically, is enjoying a purple patch. South Lebanon is currently playing out an uncharacteristic role in a period of unprecedented calm, with gentle winds blowing through Tyre, Binsha Bail and Sidon, while perfect storms, including Syria, Yemen, Libya, surround them. So my personal introduction to Lebanon was the 1982 war, and the contrast with my recent and final deployment could not be more pronounced. During the last two years, the Lebanese have successfully held local elections, they've framed an electoral law with proportional representation, they've held general elections on the 6th of May 18, and managed following a significant time delay to form a government. For a country with 18 different confessions and major external influencers, including Iran and Saudi Arabia, that is no mean achievement. However, corruption, provision of basic services, over a million Syrian refugees, in addition to the resident Palestinian refugee population, placed great strain on this embryonic institutional framework. In my interactions with the Lebanese government, memories of the 15-year civil war and conflicts with Israel helped greatly to reduce tensions and temper exchanges within the government itself. Hezbollah continues to grow in power, and in the general elections Hezbollah and Amal won 28 of the 128 seats available, taking all seats in South Lebanon. So, if you like, the resistance parties, as they're called, Amal and Hezbollah were quite successful in the election. And like Northern Ireland, Lebanon also has a form of identity politics focused on leaders and sectarian groups. Hezbollah militarily, they represent a meaningful deterrent to the IDF, considering their success at frustrating the IDF in the 2006 war and recent war-fighting experience gained in Syria. Additionally, Hassan Nasrallah's public pronouncements, indicating that the next war will be fought in Galilee and Israel itself, were noted very keenly in many of my exchanges with the IDF leadership and obviously produced a significant security concern for Israel. While the situation is relatively calm, the potential for a flare-up along the 118-kilometre blue line is ever present, and constant 24-7-365 liaison along that line of withdrawal by Unifil is imperative, and we've seen a recent example of that at Christmas time with the discovery of tunnels in the area. And again, the liaison system worked extremely hard to take the tension out of that and help the two parties to keep peace. I believe the international community cannot let their guard down regarding this enduring flashpoint. The international community must persevere. Looking for a moment now at Ireland and Unifil, and it's Ireland and Unifil at 41, so this is a UN mission that's determined to hang on for as long as it can, after 41 years since 1973. Let's try and position Unifil, if you like, in the geopolitics of the Middle East, and in the aforementioned context of global peacekeeping. Ireland and Oglig Neheron, Oglig Neheron is the Gaelic version of the Defence Forces, have a long, proud history with peacekeeping. Lebanon, as Mary mentioned, was our first deployment in 1958, following ratification of our UN membership. Unifil itself has 10,500 strong, comprising 42 nations, which give it, if you like, huge international legitimacy. Of that 42, of course, including 14 NATO-stroke EU countries, and the overall budget is £483 million per year. It's unique within peacekeeping operations in that it has a maritime task force. Also within the UN, it is considered a five-star mission. Five stars. It's well resourced, and it comprises pretty well-trained personnel. In May this year, the Irish Defence Forces will be providing a full infantry battalion, 400 strong-approx to the mission, following the withdrawal of our joint partners Finland. I'm proud to say my own son, Howard, who is here at the back, will be a platoon commander with that battalion, so he will keep the family tradition of peacekeeping going. However, we should always remind ourselves that we are sitting in South Lebanon on a major regional fault line. It's rife with many conflict trigger points, traditionally the greatest hotspot in the Middle East. The underlying causes of the indigenous conflict remain unaddressed, and particularly the Palestinian question. And the strategic considerations underlying Unifil's deployment in its current form remain equally valid today and rendered even more complex by the regional conflict. Unifil works well, and just as an aside, the Unifil female strength of 500 was utilized fully, and as much as possible to gain access to the female population within the area of operations. This was very much in accordance with the greater UN and Secretary-General Guterres agenda to mainstream gender and promote more females to leadership positions in her quarters and also in the field. Just to dwell for a moment on the mandate 1701 and more recently 2373, this mandate was adopted in August 2006. It was a comprehensive mandate containing both the military and political aspects, and I would contend, having served there in the mission, that the mandate has been successful in providing the mission with the handrails to maintain stability. Unifil does work closely with the UN Special Coordinators Office, who is responsible for those areas beyond Unifil's remit, providing the overarching objective of addressing the root causes of the conflict and, of course, a long-term solution. The mandate was unanimously renewed in August 2017 and also in 2018. However, in 2017, it was accompanied by a very difficult debate within the Security Council on the actual role of Unifil. Interestingly, from our perspective in Unifil and somewhat bizarrely during this particular period, it was apparent to the Unifil team that we were gaining ground in helping to build resistance to war and I'll come back to this term later in my speech, building resistance to war within South Lebanon. We were seeing growing signs of normalisation in evidence within South Lebanon itself and I will touch on those, the dividends of peace when I come towards the end. I am happy as we go into the Q&A to address any issues around the mandate renewal. I would like to offer two practical insights into Unifil peacekeeping initiatives on my firm belief that a peacekeeping operation cannot be static, must be dynamic and must seek to innovate. So it's not a question of standing still and I certainly, in my role as commanding Unifil, was never going to accept that we were just going to my whole ground and keep the peace. So two initiatives we engaged in, firstly engaging the parties and we all know that a peacekeeping mission like Unifil cannot replace an overall political solution and peace cannot be imposed or enforced, it must actually grow from the parties themselves. So with that, Unifil hosts monthly meetings approximately every five weeks between senior Lebanese armed forces and IDF commanders, they're known as tripartite meetings. And we're both, despite being sworn enemies and being still in a state of war, managed to come together to broker solutions, represented at flag level, Brigadier General level, from both sides, and both parties take part voluntarily in this process. It is a mechanism that the UN is absolutely considering utilising in other conflict areas. So while it can't solve problems, it certainly can manage them and it can manage the peace along the 118 kilometre blue line. Of course backing up the tripartite system, we reinforced the liaison teams, deployed on both sides of the line. And in speaking with IDF personnel, I believe that this has been a great success, particularly around the time of the tunnel issue recently. A major Unifil initiative at the time was to try and resolve a long standing disagreement centered around the IDF need to construct a security wall and of course the Lebanese need to regain land they believe belongs to them, land where in 13 reservation areas where the Armistice line, the 1948 line is separated from the 2000 blue line. So there's long memories in this part of the world, but in any case, that's what we set about trying to solve. With that in mind, there was 19 tripartite meetings held in 2017 which is three times the annual average to try and broker solutions and help to find a common path forward for the two parties. We were very successful in finding the paths forward, in finding the solutions where we fell foul was really, as I reflect on it, was the Lebanese election cycle which happened to be in full flow at the time and really worked against finding an agreement and an accommodation on the issues. Also there was another issue, long standing issue which came into the equation which is the maritime resource issue offshore which is particularly of huge significance to Speaker Naby Berry in Beirut. So touching into that second issue, the maritime question, I believe it provides both opportunities and challenges. The opportunity rests in the potential for it to grow trust between the parties if some path forward can be found. But of course there is also the great possibility that such disputes over resources could lead to greater tensions in the area. This issue, very much the maritime, not part of UNIFIL's mandate which I had to explain to Naby Berry on a number of occasions, but we were drawn into negotiations on solutions. The maritime was drawn into the solutions we were trying to broker for the land side, so the 13 reservations. So we did assist Secretary General, US Assistant Secretary David Satterfield in his endeavours to try and broker an agreement between the two parties. Again, there wasn't any success, but I think these two examples provide a good understanding of the major strategic issues that UNIFIL engaged in or helped to try and resolve. Just to conclude, I mentioned already resistance. This resistance term is a big term in South Lebanon. In fact, the Lebanese take on South Switzerland's enigmatic trilogy is the army, the people, and in lieu of government they put in resistance. UNIFIL, too, also has a different metric, measuring peace by reference to what we termed the Teenager Index, which you touched into, Marie, which puts South Lebanon close now to 13 years since the last conflict, since the 34 day in 2006. South Lebanon is enjoying its purple patch, and we are having teenagers in South Lebanon who have not seen what war looks like, and that is really a great output for UNIFIL. Irish foreign policy and the Irish people have supported peacekeeping since our first deployment, as Marie mentioned in 1958. I believe that peacekeeping is the right way towards settling dispute, despite its detractors. Peace, as I said, cannot be imposed, it must come from the parties. And UNIFIL is proving that where we can secure the commitment of the parties, as I have given evidence of with the regularity of tripartite meetings, that where we can get that commitment to the parties, peacekeeping can be successful and it can deliver. However, the relative calm along the blue line between Israel and Lebanon, it does tend to suggest that UNIFIL is merely a holding operation, and hence the question from the international community of why we should be expending 483 million each year to keep this mission in place. However, I would posit that this holding operation has gained strategic significance in the current regional context, and there is merit in holding the ground when everything around is in free fall. Political movement now as UNIFIL passes the 41 year deployment mark is critical. UNIFIL continues to do its work essentially fire brigading the blue line and ensuring the area of operations is not used to mount aggressive actions against any party. The UN mantra that a peacekeeping operation can never replace political movement is very true in the case of Lebanon and Israel. Difficult conversations will need to take place. Conversations that in some quarters can never be countenanced. But my aforementioned teenage index is the best hope because I believe it is that from that generation that progress can be made. Some commentators contend that the states favour the logic of security and war over the logic of peace. But peacekeeping remains the best path forward. But certainly constant change is necessary. Change that is now ongoing hopefully within the UN to keep the concept fresh and to keep it meaningful. UNIFIL has the greatest number of fatalities of any mission, of any UN mission historically. That figure is 313. Of which Oglig Nahern has the greatest number, 47. 47 soldiers we did not bring home. The 42 nations which UNIFIL have given the gift of peace to the population of South Lebanon for almost 13 years. And such dividends of peace, and I want to reflect on them, include TIR having its best ever tourist season with over 400,000 visitors. Extensive building projects in South Lebanon and farming right up to the blue line. Roshan Ikra being an important Israeli tourist attraction. The caverns at Roshan Ikra. So peacekeeping works and we must persevere. Thank you very much.


Suspense! In America's most discriminating homes and clubs, where dining and entertaining is the last word in luxury, the first word in wines is C-R-E-S-T-A B-L-A-N-C-A Cresta Flunker Cresta Blanca Yes, Cresta Blanca California wines bring gracious luxury to your table from the finest of the vines. When you pour superb Cresta Blanca burgundy, sautern, or any Cresta Blanca table wine, you enjoy the wine offered in America's most discriminating homes. For the best, serve Cresta Blanca. Shanley's Cresta Blanca wine company, Livermore, California. And now, Shanley brings you Radio's Outstanding Theater of Thrill Suspense! Presented by Roma Wines. That's R-O-M-A. Roma Wines for your everyday enjoyment. And now, Roma Wines of Fresno, California bring you Mr. Edmund O'Brien in the Argyle album. A suspense play produced, edited and directed for Shanley by William Spear. Back when I got my first job in the Herald, Alan Pierce was its star reporter. A little later, he went to Washington, became top dog of all syndicated political columnists. Here's what the president said when he didn't like his breakfast and who was getting paid off for what, by whom and how much. He was a national big shot, so naturally, he's coming back to the hometown last January. He got local front page. Especially since the first thing happens, he checks into the building general hospital from a heart attack he had on the train, right as it pulled into the station. Quite an entrance in time. Well, maybe you remember. Just when 22 million anxious readers were waiting for the thing he'd been building up in his columns for about two weeks before. T-Pot Dome was gonna be a church club misunderstanding compared to this. Naturally, all the boys hung around the ante room in this hospital suite during visiting hours, but nobody from the press cracked the door to the sick room for the first three days. Then on the fourth morning, Vance Elbin, the doctor, came smiling out into the ante room. Good morning, gentlemen. Mr. Pierce would have willingly seen you all the first day. Of course, as his medical advisor, I couldn't permit anything of the sort. However, today I'll allow you to see him one at a time. I suggest that you gentlemen draw straws or something for turns. Oh, that is except the man from the Herald. Mr. Pierce asked expressly to see him first. Hey, the Herald man, it's me. He's the Herald representative. Over here, doctor. Do you want to come in now? Dr. Vance Elbin, this is Mr. Melvin Pinkers, the Herald's best and, believe me, quietest photographer. He's very good for patience. I wonder... I'm afraid not, Mr. Mitchell. Stand by, Pinkers. Let this gentleman in. I'll be on the fifth floor. Hello there. How are you, sir?  That's right, Mr. Pierce. Come on, I'll make it out. All right. So you're young Mitchell. Uh-huh. Out time flies. I spoke to the old man on the phone. I said send your next Alan Pierce over. And he sent you. Do you consider that a compliment? Compliment, brother.  Well, Harry, have you got your questions all written down like a good reporter should? Oh, no, I don't work that way, sir. Neither do I. What the Argyle album is? Hey, you're not really going to tell me. Look, crank me up a little bit, will you? Yeah, sure, sure. Harry, Harry has got to a point where I think I ought to share it with somebody. Preferably somebody like myself who thinks like me. And I'm going to ask you not to use this unless I'm not in a position to. Okay. Okay, it's a deal. Well, you know what an album is. This one is quite a fancy-looking one. Toothed white leather bound and a flaming crimson double-headed eagle crest etched on the cover. It's an impressive item. Maybe, say, maybe you better take it easy, Mr. Pierce. You were going to call me Al. Okay, okay, Al, but honest, maybe you're better. I'm all right, I'm all right. I'm... I'm a little dizzy. Want the doctor? No, no. Not just a drink. A drink of water, please. He laid back on his pillow, breathing terribly. There was a thermos on the bedstand that turned out empty. I grabbed a glass and ran into the bathroom, filled it from the tap. I'll be right there, Al. Mr. Pierce. Al. I stood there for a while, feeling awfully bad. Thinking awfully hard. Finally figured an idea. Come on, let's go. Is he going to pose? Come on in. Pinky, look at him. He's dead. Passed out while we were talking. This is our bead. It's big. It's a scoop. I don't want those other tin horns out there cutting in. What are you going to do? I'm going out and phone you. Don't let anybody in through that door. You're not letting me along with him. I went out to the pay station in the hall and phoned in the story. The floor unbroke the news. Between the 5th and 7th floor, where Pierce's suite was, we picked up the chief surgeon, superintendent, four nurses, and litter bearers in attendance. We went through the ante room where the reporters were. The newspaper boys smelled something was up. Nobody'd left them in Pierce's room. But the official hospital gang and me barged in and headed straight for the bed where the corpse was. I got a funny feeling. Pinky wasn't in the room. Dr. Van Silben and the chief surgeon went over to the bed and pulled back the covers. You could feel the shock go through the whole crowd. A long steel scalpel was sticking right up in the middle of Alan Pierce's chest. An hour later, Lieutenant Horslip Sampson, who was top man in homicide, strutted in and took over. He got the story from us and just sat there for a while thinking, very professional, exuding brilliance. His majesty rose and spoke. Dr. Van Silben? Yes, sir. In your opinion, did your patient die from a heart attack as our reporter friend here claims, or from the knife wound? I really can't tell you yet. Indications are that it might be either. You see, in either case, the heart was stopped. Yeah, yeah. The heart usually stops in cases of death, doesn't it, doc? The only thing is, I took his pulse before I left the room. There was no pulse. That scalpel could just as well have been stuck to all the damage it was. Mitchell! Why don't you leave a dead man and report it? Why don't you leave the photographer here without telling the noise? I was a reporter with a scoop. Who'd you expect me to leave here? Somebody from the express? Noise. Were you outside the door the whole time? Yes, sir, with the reporters, and nobody came out except Mr. Mitchell. The photographer went in, but never came out. Take a stand in the bathroom, Haggerty. Yes, sir. And there's nobody here to change. Maggotson, those windows locked. Yes, sir. Locked room, Case Horslip, should bring out your Scotland Yard training. Mitchell, you're in too tough a spot to be fresh. If I could only get an angle, it must be an angle. He got up so early and started looking around himself. He walked over to the white bed screen in the corner.  You never noticed it. Better get an angle. But even now, before he touched it, I knew what he'd find there. And I edged for the door. He started to pull aside the screen like somebody'd look hopelessly in any unlikely spot for a lost collar button. Then he let the screen fall over. And there was Pinky. Pinky all huddled up among his photographic equipment with a surgeon's scalpel sticking out of his neck. Mitchell, Mitchell, Maggotson! I yelled to the reporters in the answer room that they could go in now. The crowd coming out after me met the crowd going in and I was in the corridor while they argued it out. I was around the corner and in the elevator before the cops could get through. I walked right through the wall door flabbing up to the second floor and nobody said a thing. Time was still with me. I knew Pierce's secretary was keeping sweet 2-1-3 for him till he was supposed to get out of the hospital. May I come in? Well, I... I'm a friend of Mr. Pierce. It's Mitchell of the Herald. What is it, Mr. Mitchell? Something I can... Would you let me write for your boss's desk, huh? What? Files, papers, and possessions. I'll put them back real neat. There's something I have to find.  I was afraid that it'd be your answer. What are you going to do? I'm sorry. Don't! Really? It really was. I didn't like to hit a woman, especially that cute. I searched the sweet top and bottom of the Pierce I'd ever had, the Argyle album. He took no chances keeping it around. I found his personal address book, though, and figured it was no more used to him than it might be to me. Now I needed a place where I could sit down and think. Then I remembered I was carrying a key for my pal Joe Walsh's apartment while he was setting himself in Florida. Yeah. At least nobody could figure my going there. At Walsh's place, I spent about 20 minutes with Pierce's address book. He had Washington phone numbers in it that hadn't been in public directories for the last 30 years. But there was one in this town that had a red crayon circle around it. It was a query, Joe Brod, J-O-R-B-R-O-D on Worcester Street, not the kind of neighborhood Alan Pierce usually socialized in. I was just about deciding I'd go and see Joe Brod when somebody decided to pay me a visit. I checked through the keyhole. I didn't see much but what there was to see was female. So I took my chances and opened the door. She stood there. About five foot seven of the most interesting stuff I ever remember seeing. Not young, mind you, not angelic, but gorgeous and smart-looking and sweet-voiced. Hello there. Who are you? May I come in? Sure, it's your risk. Who are you? You may call me Marla, Mr. Mitchell. And I want the Argyle album. Just like? No, not just like that. You'll be nasty, you know. After all, the police want you. Somehow, Marla, that doesn't worry me at all. I just don't think you make it a policy to have traffic with the police. Men astute youngsters.  I like you too, but I haven't time. I'll give you $500 for it. I don't even know what it is. What is the Argyle album? Ten thousand. Without a breath, huh? There's some junk. Ten thousand. I'm really sorry, Marla. But I wanted to know it's not for sale. Very well. She moved so casually and directly to the door so quickly I hadn't even gotten out of my chair before her two boyfriends stepped in.  The one who followed him had a square, low-cut, irresistible appearance of a medium-sized tank. Mr. Winter, Mr. Holbrey, Mr. Mitchell. How do you do? He's not terribly cooperative. Oh, no. He doesn't perform not for love, but for money. Very stubborn. She really didn't try love, Mr. Winter. From what I know, Marla, that's hard to believe. Hey, Marla? So you're stubborn, Mr. Mitchell. A stubborn murderer. I'll repeat my question. What is the Argyle album?  Ah, never mind. Forget it, Mr. Winter. Well, isn't ten thousand dollars enough? That's the best we can offer and still make a profit. Let's not waste time. Oh, I am sorry, my boy. I'm very sorry. Very well, Gil. Yeah. The big guy stepped toward me. I ducked and took the table between us. He put it aside like it was mashed. His left hand lashed out and he had the lapels of my coat and I was lifted until my shoe tips touched the floor. Helpless as a baby. I started slapping my face front-hand and back. It kept up and up like a hot lick in the drums and the agony was unbearable. He stopped. I waited. Like your wait between pauses of the dentist's drill. Then I, I guess I tried to move because I saw the small-eyed flicker and the huge fist come swinging at my face. It couldn't.  Shocks of intolerable pain like searing flames and then the flame flickered and went out. For Suspense, Roma Wines are bringing you Mr. Edmund O'Brien in the Argyle album. 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And now Roma Wines bring back to our Hollywood soundstage Mr. Edmund O'Brien as reporter Harry Mitchell in the Argyle album, a play well calculated to keep you in suspense. I was in the bedroom of the apartment and Marla was bathing my forehead with a damp handkerchief. I lay quiet until things cleared up a bit. That's it. Rest a little. Let the boys. Marla. Where's the album, darling? Where's the album? I swear, I don't know. I don't know. You don't want me to call him again, do you? No, no, no, please, no. I'm supposed to help you wake up. No, not on. But you haven't got it. Do you know where it is? I swear, Marla, I swear. I don't even know what it is. All I know is it's tooled white leather or something. You don't? Well, all right. Here's what I know. Winter found it original. He was in occupied Europe then. He doesn't admit it, but I think he was the leader of a looting party after the American raid. It was a sheaf of documents recording the transfer of large sums of money by certain individuals, both German and American. Big men who wanted to make sure that they'd come out right, no matter whose army is won. Winter knew that he'd found a fortune that day. A fortune in blackmail. What happened? He kept him in a public locker in a bus station. Normally the safest place in the world. He was in a town down here in Virginia, Argyle. On a million to one twist, he lost it. Gang of young hoodlums blew up in that section of the dynamite stick. And it's been missing ever since, until Alan Pierce started hinting about it in his column and the international scandal that involved. So when Pierce died, you see, Winter had a right to suspect that Pierce's murderer might have the album. Naturally the big man wanted to. Lots of people wanted badly. Including me. You? What for? Resale value. I see. It's a decent motive. I'm a decent person. Yeah. There you are. Come here.  I thought of that. You're not kidding me. That's the excuse I'll give to Winter. That you choked me and I couldn't yell. You get on the fire escape and I'll give you plenty of time before I call. I don't figure what's in it for you. We'll see each other again. You'll find it. Hurry. Okay, honey. You asked for it. Not too hard. It was a funny experience choking a woman deliberately. I squeezed pretty hard scuffing bruises at her throat to make it look good. I got so mixed up I didn't know what I was doing. I kissed her very hard. I rumbled to close a little in muster hair and when she looked pretty battered I kissed her again and then I crawled out in the fire escaping down. I gave the cabbie the Worcester Street address from Pierce's book. It was a junkyard. Joe Brod's junkyard. What do you want? You Mr. Brod, Joe Brod. What's my name? What do you want? Your guy album. How did you... I know you. You're that Mitchell guy.  Say, I got you figured, Brod. Yeah, you're the fence for all the juvenile crooks around here. Oh, some junkyard. Well, I'm on lots better terms for the cops than you are, Mitchell. And I'm fooling them right now. Sure, sure.  Maybe you stretched and gave him two bits for it. Then you found out you had something too big for a little guy. You knew it was worth it, but your stomach wasn't tough enough for big-time blacklings. So you figured a way to be right and still make dough. I'm telling you, Alan Pierce. What of it? Selen's no crime. Hey, I'm really guessing but good, huh? You invested the price of a couple of photo stats on a train ticket to Washington. You got to Pierce and sold him the photo stats. And then you told him you'd have to come here for the rest, huh? Nothing to keep me from killing you right now. No, no, I guess there is. Sure not.  Escape killer, you'll never touch me. Wait, wait, don't! Don't you even say thanks when your life is saved? Thanks. And nice shot. I wonder how I knew you were here. You watched me take the cab from the window and got the number. I know that one now. Oh, you're bright as well as nice. Maybe we can play this game together now that we have the album. Huh? Have we? Well, it can't be far. In the desk drawer, the filing can come. I think we both saw a broad move at the same time. The gun at the edge of his fingers was somehow in his hands again. It wavered weakly between Marla and me. It was like watching a slow-motion movie. Marla didn't waste time. I saw the sweet little body jump at the impact. But his gun kept waving. And it went off. Marla sighed and fell down at my feet. She smiled at me once. That's all. I walked through three cops in the hall of the police station getting no more reaction than an odd of greeting and into Horselip Samson's office. Thanks for the phone call, Mitchell. But you gave us a bum steer. What's your angle? Bum steer, I saw the shooting. Very dead indeed. But there was no man. Joe Brock? He didn't look alive when I saw him last. Well, he wasn't there. I'm only telling you. What do you expect us to do with you? Book me on suspicion of murder. The murderer who? Alan Pierce, naturally. You want to confess? It's not bargain day today, Lieutenant. What was just an angle? Did the autopsy on Pierce come through? No, it didn't. But only because he was so loaded with dope even a normal heart would give up. Dope? You mean poison? No, the same thing. Too much medicine. And Dr. Van Selbin, the one who dosed him, has disappeared. Took a powder. You're not even runner up for suspect now, Mitchell. Heart failure. Heart failure. But then why the scalpel? Why? Whoever stuck that scalpel into Pierce wanted to create suspicious circumstances around the death. It could be an autopsy. That's an angle. Yeah, but how about Pinky? And how did the murderer get in and out of the room? How about you? You want to be held? Then stop asking questions I can't answer.  I still wanted to break it. I found myself nursing a deep belief that there must be equal justice for the murders of a man I loved, another I respected, and a woman I admired. Well, there was only one place I could figure out where to start. I picked my way through George Rod's junkyard. Shapes of skeleton cars stood out dark in the moonlight. The far end of the yard was a lighter shack. I went up to it, almost to the door. Somebody pushed me from behind, my own body knocked the door open. Rod was propped into a chair, facing me, his eyes wide. Winter stood beside him, and Gil walked up from behind me alongside. Oh, come in, Mitchell. Well, Mr. Mitchell, this is a proper ending. Another demonstration of the Ascendancy of Will. Is he alive? Who? Oh, Rod here? No, not now. He was very weak and had no resistance, but we learned what we needed. He had the album quite cleverly hidden. But we have it now. Oh, yeah, you want to see it? Thanks.  A very powerful and very wealthy individual. Most concerned with retrieving the album, Mr. Mitchell. But you didn't want it to be hard failure. You wanted to force an autopsy. That's why you stuck the scalpel into the corpse. That's rather clever of you, Mr. Mitchell. And in the hospital, you were dressed as an attendant, right? You got behind that bed screen sometime earlier in the day, probably early in the morning, before Pierce woke up, right? You were willing to wait a long time for what you wanted. It was very tough. You hoped to find out from Pierce where he had hidden the album. You found out instead that Pierce didn't have it. But you knew that Pierce was going to die anyhow from the overdose. Oh, you decided to frame the doctor with the scalpel forcing the autopsy. You know, there's only one conceivable reason for you to have taken all those chances. And what may I ask, and that conceivable reason be? That you are the powerful and wealthy individual who got Dr. Van Selvin to do Pierce's murder. That you are no more Mr. Winter than I am. Yeah, the original Mr. Winter, who smuggled the album out of Europe, you eliminated when he first tried to blackmail you and your fellow thieves. By that line of reasoning, I was able to do a little research in the files of my reporter's memory. And in spite of the fact that you have no mustache and there are several other slightly physical changes that could be easily adjusted, you have an amazing resemblance to the very powerful, very wealthy Mr. Gerald K. Aver. Theory, merely theory. But isn't this indulgence and violence a strange occupation for a man like Gerald Avery? Not at all, Mr. Avery. A man doesn't become an international power by going to Sunday school every week.  I suppose you felt you needed help, so you got a professional adventurer like Marla to work with you on the grounds that you yourself were an adventurer of blackmailer. The same goes for Gil here. Your time's on over, Mitchell. And Pinky, yeah. Pinky, of course it doesn't bother you that you killed a nice guy with a nice family. To you, he was only in the way. You stuck the scalpel into Pierce's corpse to save yourself some more trouble. The trouble of paying off Dr. Van Selbin. He'll probably show up floating. You dragged Pinky behind the screen and you got behind with him and hid. Then when all the doctors and attendants broke into the room and rushed around Pierce's bed, you stepped out casually from behind the screen and mingled with the crowd. Yeah, you, you were dressed for the part. As a reporter, Mr. Mitchell, would you describe that exploit as daring or brilliant? No, no, Mr. Avery. I'd use the words selfish, traitorous, foul. Oh, your morality sickens me. There's one more thing you didn't count on. Gil, Gil here. Gil has nothing to do with it. Oh, yes, he has.  I'll do nothing of the sword up. Let him talk. Let go of my arm. Let him talk. Thanks, thanks, Gil. And just keep hold of that arm. Talk. Okay. As I was saying, Mr. Avery, you forgot that Marla and Gil have been playing along with you because they figured you were their kind. There is a certain honor among little crooks. But not among you big kindness, Mr. Avery. Now, you have the album, the album that couldn't hurt anybody but yourself. Who's the blackmail? Where's the pay off? Gil. Gil's wondering what's going to protect his interests. He knows. Now, what happened to Dr. Van Selvin? He knows. You see, he figured you for an honest crook. Not a big time. Gil, you're not listening to him. He's only playing for time. He's not only trying to save his own miserable skin. I'll pay you off, Gil. I'll pay you more than you've ever dreamed. You really are Gerald D. Brown.  Now, you cooperate with me and I'll... Gil! That was a bad mistake of Mr. Gerald K. Avery. You see, he figured his gun was bigger than Gil. He moved fast, but not quite fast enough. The lead hit Gil in the shoulder, but that didn't even phase him. I understand he broke Avery's arm. That's when Avery screamed. The next blow broke Avery's neck. Well, there was an awful lot of excitement because horse lips' shadows caught up with the proceedings just about this time. And the details aren't too clear. All I know is... Oh, that it had been a big day. I was awfully tired. I went home, climbed in bed, and slept a long, long time.  Suspense! Presented by Roma. That's R-O-M-A. Better tasting Roma wines. America's largest selling wines. Whichever Roma-California wine you choose, whether it's not like Roma sherry, fruity Roma port, or any Roma wine, you can be sure of better tasting wine every time. That's because Roma selects and presses the choicest California grapes. Then Roma master ventures with ancient skills in America's largest wine-making resources unhurriedly guide this luscious grape goodness to tempting perfection. Then this wine treasure of better taste is placed with mellow Roma wines of years before to await later selection in the world's greatest reserves of fine wines for your pleasure. So for everyday enjoyment or friendly hospitality, serve delicious Roma wine. You'll find all Roma wines delightful, inexpensive, and always better tasting. That's why more Americans enjoy Roma wines. That's R-O-M-A. Roma wines than any other wines in the world. Edmund O'Brien appeared to the courtesy of Universal International Pictures, now releasing Something in the Wind, starring Deanna Durbin. Tonight's suspense play was by Cyril Enfield. Next Thursday, same time, you will hear Michael O'Shea, a star of Suspense, produced and directed by William Spear for the Roma wine company of Fresno, California. This is CBS, the Columbia Broadcasting System.


Telephone conversation between President Johnson and Senator Everett Dirksen on November 29, 1963, at 11.40 a.m. Everett. Two things. These investigations in the House and Senate on this Dallas affair, Hoover's a little concerned about reflecting on him. He's making a very full report on it. The Attorney General is getting an inquiry, state inquiry. He's a very young and able and effective man. And we don't want to, we've got some international complications that could come up to us if we, if we are not very careful. So we've been trying to figure out how we could best handle this thing. And it seems to us we might ask a member of the court, might even ask Allen Dulles, might ask a couple of members of the House, a couple of the Senate and wrap up the three divisions of government. So we'd have a very high caliber top-flight blue ribbon group that the whole world would have absolute confidence in. I've talked to Mansfield and the speaker and that appeals to them. I think that appeals to Hoover. I think it appeals to the Justice Department and the Secretary of State. I want to see what reaction you had. I think this started when he wanted to get this. Incidentally, I talked to him, too. He said it scribbled him. He's got a states rights problem. He goes to sending the investigations down into Texas. They may be going into Jackson, you know, vice versa. Yeah, I, they took this only because Jim initiated it. I talked to McClellan and I talked to her with another. I talked to Dick Russell, too, and he kind of thought it would be bad for just the Senate committee and the House committee and all of them be running over the locks. So if it's all right about anything, it can be bugged up. We have a request from the Attorney General that view of the heavy mail that this can be a get that the ordinary 10,000 that the President's wife gets for the purpose of answering mail. Yeah. We increased to 50 for the first year. Mike says he could sponsor that if he'd go along with it. I will. That'll be fine. Okay. Now, let me say, I want to talk to you and Charlie in the next day or two about kind of where we're going to get some little action between now and time we go home. If we don't, why, I was going to get a bad press. Yeah. We've got to get our appropriations out, but we ought to make some progress. Now, Harry Bird's very interested in seeing what this budget be before he reports this tax bill out. I talked to Eisenhower and Bob Anderson and them in some detail about that. I won't talk to you about it. I've already done everything that I humanly can to keep that within bounds and not be in a position to give you some estimates. But I hope you all will be in position to close those hearings when it's tentatively planned to close them whenever it was. When was it, six? Well, a resume, but just 17. But we pushed it back to the six or seven. Six, I think. Yeah. And maybe you could get your report written and get it on the calendar as a minimum. Yeah. Edward, what do I think about it? We can pass the tax bill in a week, although it's complicated when it just took five days last year with all the difficulties after we get it out. But the civil rights are going to take so damn much longer time. They got to McGregor Burns' and the rest of them riding about to Congress. And whatever else we say, we do have a good many more appropriation bills up there in December than we've had before. And there is some merit to some of the things they're saying. My life, the hell, as I said the other day, but I do think that if we could, we ought to make sure some evidence is of progress. And you'd be thinking about how you can help us get that tax bill out. I don't want to rush them. Don't want to change the procedures that I indicated in the message. I don't want to try to blast anybody out of anything. But if he's going to finish it in six anyway, hey, why, let's just work some people a few nights up there writing this report and get it out there on the calendar. And it'd be a wonderful thing. The police guy said, every business man I've talked to since I've been in here, from the top zone down. Bob Anderson says, every one of them are waiting to see whether they're really going to pass one. If they are, why? It's going to mean a lot to them. And that market went up the other day because they thought that we were going to be stable with business because they think we're going to be capable. But you've got to help me, my friend. Well, I'll be back there Monday. Okay. I'll talk to you later. And you give some talk to it now. Let's try to get that tax bill out. House passed it, and we've been on it one year, 11 months.  And you know that they've had enough hearings on that thing. If they finish a mistake, they ought to write a report in a week and you ought to pass it in a week. Yeah. But then they don't always affect you January the 1st. And every business man in this country would have some confidence. And you'd probably pick up a bunch of Senate seats because you're running the Senate like I ran it there. You're being pretty patriotic. And you cooperate. Yeah. The bar cup is going to take a little time, I think. The what? The bar cup. Well, it can do that in a week. They mark up the other one in five days. It'll give them a lot more complicated treasury, tells me. And they can do that in five days. Give them seven on this one. So that'd be a 13th.  We don't need to go home to Christmas Eve, 22nd. Yeah. And you'd have 10 days to pass it. Now, Albert Gore's got a deal. He wants to do this and that. But we could table those amendments ahead. And we've got an obligation to Congress. And we've just got to show that they can do something because we can't pass several rights. We know that. Well, I think that's who Harry and John Williams are going to get back on that. All right. All right. Thanks. Yeah.


Elisabeth Wa Mwaia She is a healthcare business development specialist joining us today Kaibutan Elisabeth Thank you very much How are you feeling? Fantastic, fantastic I mean it's a great way to start the month And I think they say Sikunjema Huunekana So definitely the month looks like it will be good Nukosa pimadaraka day Yes, yes Yeah the first of June When we talk about mararaka day Tell us what comes into your mind What are you celebrating today? For Kenya this is big Apart from many resting today It's a lot of taking stock of how it has been the last few years The struggles that Kenyans have gone through And when you look at so much that has happened The development, a medist a lot that has maybe has been a hindrance I must say that Kenya we have taken a great great stride in terms of getting to where we are Even as we now prepare to the transition in the next general elections We can only pray that we continue to make our country bigger and better And now that we are talking about the strength of a woman Do you think we are at a better place when it comes to celebrating women? I must say Ram we've come such a long way Maybe before many would see that it was a form of negative feminists But it's so exciting to see that now men are actually on the forefront Of not only identifying as women in particular positions But they also actually support I must say that I've also seen that also some of them will actually When they realize you have a potential They'll get you out of the comfort zone And actually walk the journey with you So I must also applaud the men because Something good is actually happening But you can imagine if we can start that often Our young sons who are in school just to be able to appreciate each other And for it also to have a balance We'll be able to make sure that the boy child is well catered for So that at the end of the day we don't have one of those things that we are facing Where the women are much empowered But still that's a whole debate of its own Who is more empowered, who is not empowered But one thing is women have come up And they are taking up positions And even as you celebrate this day we also celebrate women And of course I want to know a bit more about what you do As a person for somebody who is meeting you for the very first time today Okay So yes, I'm Elizabeth Pomue And the biggest title I have is being a mother I'm a mother to three amazing children Three I love how you introduced the first one You use grades Yes, index one Index So the son is here supporting women Yes, absolutely I love that passion In fact when I told him about it and he told me Mum, I am joining you tomorrow morning So that becomes my number one supporter An amazing gentleman Let's call Lokwaliwa Loryu Lolel Ngoja tan Ngoja Aya Let's rewind Rewind Me na kumkele The tip Let's take a viral Let's do Zumusheki Dogo Yes Anitwa?  A lot We said he's index one Then there's my daughter Lokuchal Don't worry We'll write down those names later And my last born son Who's 12 His name is Wamoya And I must say Apart from God Who gives me the daily strength My children form a very big backbone In my day to day My day to day life Why? They also have become Can I say much stronger than I am And you can see how articulate they are In terms of Explaining or anything Or even having a conversation So where does that leave me? I have to be somewhere up there So that I can be able to try and discern What these conversations are And how to respond to them Wow So you have index one, index two And index three Yes Wow That is new I've not met A lady who Who really appreciates their kids In that kind of a manner Index one So does it mean you're more Inclined towards education For your kids As to why you use the word index I think you've just read my mind so well One thing The biggest basis that first of all I give them is Christianity They have to be aligned at least to God And they have to know There's a supreme being that is They are who they are because of God And they must honor that They must honor that And I really thank God for that father They are the type of people who will go somewhere And they'll still pray even when Mum is not there Because mum showed them the way Yes, it's mum And also dad who also played a very big role On the same It's woman Not just mum But also dad I see a lot of wisdom in you Yes, good genius Yes So apart from that education For sure I thank God for his provision The index one you're talking about Has just finished His form for it did very well And he's actually joining one of the Universities in Kenya To pursue computer science And cyber networking Yes Index one ok He's in the studio He's right in the house He's right in the house Computer science and cyber networking Yes Wow, congratulations Yes, thank you so much How does it feel to have raised Three beautiful children Yes And they're doing well And of course We don't matter who isn't easy Yes Wow Ram We all look at the tip of the iceberg But you don't know the work that is down there And looking at also the nature of my work Maybe I'll be able to go back Professionally I'm actually a nurse by profession So meaning all my close to 15 years It's been a lot of service to humanity In the hospitals With the community It's been a lot of service also to family Because also my children They all had a gap of about three Three years So there's a part where All of them were under fives All of them There's a part where they were all under fives And your head was spinning And the next thing you're trying to remember Is today Monday Or is it Tuesday? I might be at work Right Because here you know And balancing was a problem Balancing I can tell you for a fact Is not easy And I actually always have this picture One time Index one Was somewhere hanging here On the neck My daughter Lokuchal was somewhere They are tagging And the little one was actually breastfeeding I've never forgotten And I had an orange dress There's a photo It is here It has never gone away Because these are some of those instances Where maybe it's been tough Babies getting sick Right?  That's what we always want to do And we want to be Right? They don't sometimes say Mama, you're making too much noise You're embarrassing me In fact, I remember one time My daughter said Mama, the day you decide to keep quiet It's going to be abnormal It's either you're sick But we're good to go with the mama That you are We are like We have no other choice So you've been the support battalion Absolutely, absolutely We have worked all the milestones together In good times And so even when I see them transitioning I can tell you something Ram This year is so sentimental for me Because In the month of March Of course because of the calendar Of events for schools I had two candidates Here he is in Form 4 Here is a daughter In Class 8 Here I am Lokichar is in Class 8 Lokichar is in Class 8 Now she's joined Form 1 Trasinch transitioned Form 1 They were Wow And here you are At the helm of a very heavy assignment Work And I remember 4 months back Before the exams I was just thinking My God How do we do this? And of course the school fees Are increased Yes The school fees are increased But above all There's something very interesting Ram That Over and above What you give your child physically There's one thing that they want They want to have you as the mother To be present To be there To listen Not to judge But have a conversation So here you are People are about to do exams Everyone has got various The mood is A lot of anxiety I remember I'd go to My daughter's boarding school once a week I'd make sure I do a call To my son's teacher once a week Just to make sure that We are good to go And of course not to forget Praying And I really have a Large support system That have really prayed with us And prayed for us So I think for me By the time now Here they are They've done the exams Okay then you're like Thank you Lord So there's the bit where You have to make sure That even as they finish You have to be there To go and receive them Yes And this is a middist A lot of things And were they coming out of school On the same day? No My daughter left like a month before And then my son After one month Oh yes Yes KCPE finishes Okay yes So there's that bit And you go Yes you're happy Exams are out Then the next thing We've been told In two weeks you have Results And it goes on and on Managing expectations And reminding them consistently That you know what Your grades Your marks Are going to defy And make you a lesser child Now there's something That I really want to know From you as a mother Yes yes Because always We always talk about Candidates being the ones Who fear Yes You know That points them When the results Are being released Yes This fear That is in every candidate Yes How is it going to be The hearts are beating Yes Nobody ever asks About the mother During this time That are being released Because I have seen The time when A mother is Going to hospital Yes And I'm a baby And the doctor Is putting an injection On the child Yes It is a mother That screams Yes And yet The child is getting an injection Is that the same Metafodically speaking In the part of education Let me tell you Ram I was actually Shared with a few friends I told them It's like an exaggerated Form of labor It's like you go back To labor pains again Because here you are You have to look That's mom Who is like Guys I have your back Right Don't worry Irrespective of what you get That's not what will define you Then deep down You're saying Okay God Now give me that strength To know how You're going to manage Various expectations And your heart is beating Yes it is How did it feel The results are now out The results are out And then It starts off with my daughter And I must say It was a journey Also for her And then boom She exceeds expectations She was even shocked On her own behalf She was shocked on her own behalf Yes She was And I was also like Whoa So you know first of all You go into a days Then after a month The big man In fact It was a Saturday Had gone for a function And then he called me And says mom It's live I told him it's okay Be at peace God is in control I'm saying that But deep down I'm like whoa okay God I've just given a form Of affirmation That everything is okay But how do we transition Because you have to be Their strength Yes you have to You cannot start saying Oh my God Oh my God How do I You cannot even afford To be confused They'll freak out They'll freak out And when they hear Your voice It also gives them A form of comfort When they hear The voice also off A father It also gives them A form of comfort Alright Let's move away From that family life Yes Let's get to that other life That you've just mentioned Yes You are at work Yes Let's get to that aspect How is it Being a nurse Yes And the challenges You faced as a woman Yes In the medical industry Okay Medical field Ram I want to say that Elizabeth has Transitioned Has metamorphosized Over the years As she also continues To realize her potential Aha You're learning yourself Yes Each and every day So yes I am a nurse by profession But currently I now am a healthcare Business development specialist Wow Big name Ram I can tell you At no point did I ever think Anything mathematically In my life would be appearing When I remember My grades in primary And secondary I hope my son has not Had that line Aha You're not telling Why are you telling What you're number one Ha ha ha What you're number one No, no, no That one No, you just talk about What was visible then Yes So with that I'm just to appreciate My journey I started off As a nurse I have served In children's home I have served In a district hospital To be specific Kisiolo district hospital So I know what it means To work in also Resource limited settings Wow Right So from there I transitioned And came to Nairobi Right When I came to Nairobi I joined Eastern dinner AIDS relief program As a program Nurse So Eastern dinner Was Or rather Is still in the heart Of Nairobi Islando Huruma Badogo So of course for me Kidogo it was a culture shock Right Because now I had to know how to Kisiolo now Yeah, you had to know Gotan Yajie The shen And now we have a new shen You've heard of it I'm telling you I was just hearing one, two And I was like Do we need another dictionary Or something I don't know So with that The transition was beautiful Because I must say That job also made me A lot who I am today Because it had a lot of Interaction With patients Who were affected With HIV Or even people Who wanted to come And get treatment So you find that That conversation becomes different And difficult Let me tell you Ram The first time that I was shown by The supervisor What to do And now she told me now Get in, now see the patients So here comes a couple Father, mother Two small children And now after The pre-canceling And everything And then you run the test And you realise who All the tests Are what you call reactive Ram As they cried I cried the first day When you say reactive Yes It means now The test turns to positive Meaning now A whole family Is HIV positive Mother, father And now especially the children Because they were very young For below two years Now you're trying to find out Now this part even What happens I now moved out From the healthcare Work and now became a mother And I'm thinking What is all this So they cried And I cried Soon mama Lisa So luckily The supervisor Somewhere came in And took over the session And I cried And turned pink And then later on She told me You have to define The difference Between empathy And sympathy Wow As you go into that room Because you're going back There again He said you go back again I was not given an offer I tell you But those words Were powerful Sympathy Empathy Because if we are going to get Solutions For humanity You must feel But you must also be able to act In a way to assist On the same So it was a learning experience It was a learning experience And you are also transforming yourself And growing Yes And from there Actually I now learned How to do the health talks And do them in what you call Simplified ways Without using jargon From there I was there for five years Then I moved to Nairobi women's hospital Where I now served As a nurse supervisor I worked During the night duty Remember the children Are still young Right And with that They were all before Below five All of them were below five Yeah They were all below five And I went in to night duty And so you can imagine I really thank God Because I also had a very good nani Who was able to also assist To step in Right Very important Very important So support system I must say must be there On the same Yes So I have From Nairobi women's And now at Nairobi women's After like about three years Is when I realized A lot of the work I was doing Was reaching out to the community Through health talks Health care So whenever there'd be a health talk I'd be told Elizabeth Facilitate this If there's a medical camp Facilitate this Then I realized Wait a minute I think Where God has placed me to be Is outside there Not in an office Or in a hospital Is to go out to the community Yes Because those who come inside At least they know there's an option But outside there That's where the work is This fear This misconception And there's so much to be done So that's how I now transition To what you call Client relations officer Of The hospital So with that There was a bit of transition Also going on In terms of rearranging The department And me I thought it was just About talking to patients And this and that Then realized later For whatever you do You must plan You must study The needs of the people Now how was it now Because you're transitioning From one area To a different area Still health care But now you're offering Health care solutions To the community How was it Going out there The fear It's like a whole ministry Let me tell you And it was Difficult one And especially We must agree that Health care is two way There are those who will be Very happy with you They leave a name Babies after you Right Exactly Did people Yes I mean if you go and Deliver a mother And she'll be like Ata kama kijana yungu Niki Ni tamu ita Elizabeth You're like okay Let's just change this But you see There's also the flip side Because of service industry There are also people Who have gone through A lot of things They have lost of loved ones They have maybe Have to go into litigation Cases And now Ram That's where I think God give me the calling Right To go in and see How Because these things Will never stop But how do we mitigate These issues Giving it a human face Giving it a solution Giving the community confidence That they can come back And get the service And give you feedback How was the response My goodness Coming back to you Let me tell you Ram The first one year was tough I think I had ulcers For a very long time The first one year Oh you will Trying to reach out to them It was tough Because you'll go in And you're like Mr. Ram My name is so and so And then they're like Uli fanya Uka sema Muka fanya You know that So you know It's like you go On behalf of the organization And you're like And you know You have to withhold it You have to withhold The brand You have to face There's an image You need to be saying There's an image Yes But let me tell you Ram I'm a believer That when you go in With a purpose This is where God Just comes in And he helps things Work out Because marakwanza You'll have that clashing But later on God just brings About some calmness Some discussion And somehow So now that became Has been The way of my life And from there I now transition Father Just to show you that This docket of healthcare Is a very new one In the healthcare space In Kenya Business development In healthcare Remember This is not where You're going to go And say The approach is totally different Business oriented It is not even business It is relationship oriented Right And that is where now I envision That even I And our peers in the industry Can go into relationship Harness more the relations With the people And get to know their needs For their solutions So with that I transition now To the Mpisha hospital Which was starting off The docket And once again I remember When I got that That job I was like Whoa I think this is too big For me guys Can I really manage this You know And There's something that tells you That I think this line That says That if you want to test A very good sale I take them to the tough seas Right And we as women Also we have to learn To remove fear from the equation Because fear is so loud Encourage is very silent So that was a process And I said You know what Let's try and see how it is So with that It's about Going into a new font Creating a team Remember also They are looking at you Like which direction are we going to So once again You have to give that font Of like I think we are going like this But let's do this together So the aspect Of being able to Work with a team Set a department up together And above all Actualize whatever is planned Right Was quite something But we thank God It was whatever I love your journey Because you've gone through a hole You mentioned it As a metamorphosis Yes it is And I love that it is a process for you And a learning experience As you are living a mark But I'm aware that you are also a member of Saint John's Ambulance National Council Yes I am Of course you play an advisory role there Tell us about that Okay So Saint John's Has been around for so many years And important to note is that In Africa There are only two What you call priors Kenya and South Africa How do you mean we say priors? Priors is like Saint John's offices Let me just try and simplify it And those two Are the most active in Africa So you see where that keeps us As Kenya The whole continent Africa Two Are the most visible Kenya And South Africa That's where we are at So with that We all know that with Saint John's They mostly come in to offer rapid response They offer trainings So with that I actually got this Invite through a good friend The current CEO Harun Gikera Who is also a Raterian And he said you know what Saint John's want to set up And I want you to join the team And I was like why not So about 3-4 years ago A small team We used to meet somewhere in Kajiado And by that time we were trying to see How can we create a framework Because this would have been the first Devolved section Of Saint John down to the county As we pilot And see how it can go down to other areas And so with that After a few meetings then Covid happened But still you could see A lot was happening with Saint John's In terms of response Especially during the Covid-19 So once again We came back again now And now was to set up A national council So once again I moved from there To the national council Where we now are We work mostly on advisory Supporting the teams on the ground So with that We are also setting up frameworks How can we empower them In terms of leadership Remember a volunteer also wears off Do we ever take time to see What their needs are Something very interesting That we actually have also set up And are in the process of launching Is the Saint John's ambulance women chapter Which we had a meeting last week And it's more or less To set up a framework to see How can we support these young ladies Right? Because being a volunteer and a woman Is a totally different thing So with that once we set up that And are able to launch We'll be able to set up a platform where For you young lady with a small child And maybe you want to go and give A service out to the community That you'll not be stranded Maybe we can have something like a day care center Where you can have the baby taken care of As you serve So that's just a few of what we are looking at Right? I love it because you mentioned Covid Yes And there is something that you got During this Covid period Yes During the Covid-19 Yes You are selected by The Geneva Learning Foundation Yes During the Covid-19 pandemic To be there what Select it Count it Count it Yes Tell us a bit more about that Just within a short period of time What is that all about Yes And also you are a nominee At the Tall Bag SNF Alisson Global Award Last year Yes Wow, this is surely the story of the woman Thank you Tell us a bit more about these two issues So one thing that happened During the Covid-19 There was a serious decrease Of immunization Yes For our babies And also for Even the mothers coming to the clinic And it's because there was fear Of getting to the health facilities Because of now the big pandemic Everyone knew You can only go to hospital If it's really really necessary Okay So with that That having been picked up In a global aspect So a framework was set up As healthcare workers What can we do To encourage Okay So that they can be able to come up With innovative ways Of being able to reach out To mothers To bring their children To the facilities For immunizations I can tell you babies were being born And they were staying for almost nine months without a vaccine Fear And that's so And you were the forefront And therefore you got recognized For championing for these women And of course within For them to get these healthcare Consultations So with that What happened Each and every country Was setting up a group of members Yes So they were about 97 countries And would actually meet virtually Every week Ram And it was in such a way That where we would have Like for my cluster I had my colleagues from all over Garisa, Moyale Name it All over Kenya Where we would even be able to Advise each other like What is happening This area I don't even have anything This area Maybe the human resource is scared Patinent issues That were really raised at that time So those discussions that we were handling In that At that font We were able now to put them together Every week And get now the global perspective You'll be shocked Ram I'm telling you Kenya Kenya we are doing amazing things So now when they decided Now that we need to have a lead For each country Then I saw my name You saw your name You're like my goodness How did this But yeah But the rest is history The rest is history Yes Because of the interest of time I want us to wrap it up Yes And we are talking about The strength of Auman Your strength And it's coming out so clearly Thank you I would like you to speak to Auman Watching it today Yes As of course you give your parting shot What would be Your parting shot As we bring this to a close Just within 30 seconds Talk to somebody That's your camera My dear sister Out there Do not peg your life on the past Let's look at head Let us be able to create Support systems That will work with us And if you fall down once Twice thrice Arise Arise because the strength Is inside you When you believe in yourself And above all Have reverence to God Great things are bound to happen Wow So women All women up there Out there Make sure we are holding The backs of each and every woman Young or old And we shall make this world A better place Wow Thank you Thank you so much Elizabeth Thank you It's a pleasure I love how you always bring out The fear of God Thank you And I always believe that A woman who fears God Wherever she goes Thank you so much for coming Thank you I wish you the best Keep doing what you're doing Yes, thank you And of course looking forward To us having more of these conversations Absolutely Bring an inspiration to the community And I hope those who In the community are watching today Yes, yes Share the links definitely Thank you so much for coming And of course that's Elizabeth Womoya She is a healthcare business development specialist Joining us on strength Of a woman That business to the end Of this conversation But we still have more coming up Your way in a bit We're taking a short break My name is Ram Aguko It has been a pleasure This is one in the morning


I have Elena here for the past couple of years.  What happened as you were worshiping as I was just worshipping and having my hand on my back I just like all my pain was just gone. Were you able to bend over before not fully? How about now? I don't think I can do that at all that was the miracle in itself Lord We thank you for this healing and we pray you bless her life in Jesus name and use it for your glory


Dear students, we are discussing the topic of divisional structures in multinational corporations and within that we are talking about the matrix organizational structure. In this topic, we are going to discuss the disadvantages and challenges that are present and inherent in a matrix organizational structure, particularly with respect to international scenario. Matrix organizational structure, you know that it is divided on two dimensions and accordingly if there is a head of a product line and then there is a head of an area division then people who are working under both those managers working under the head ship of the product line manager and working under the head ship of the area manager, both of those people are responsible for the working of that same particular unit and therefore that creates a problem of dual reporting. It's always easier when people have to report to one person. That is the basic principle of line of command but it is not the most effective one. It may be the most efficient one but you know that in management we have to make a balance between efficiency and effectiveness. So it is not the most effective one. A matrix organizational structure is a lot more effective than a straight hierarchical structure therefore because it is more effective than the efficiency which is lost in dual reporting is considered to be a acceptable cost. All right so but that is one of the disadvantages that dual reporting can cause conflict and confusion. Obviously, if your one boss is telling you to go to Chumal and the other boss is telling you to go to Jhanoop then you will be totally confused what we have to do. So that means that a manager working under a matrix organizational structure would be facing dual reporting as you can see in this diagram that this manager over here with the blue dot is somebody who is reporting to area manager number two and product division B manager as well. So this person is responsible for dual reporting to both these people. Another issue of a matrix organizational structure is that there could be many communication channels which can create information log jams when you are reporting to multiple people and then there are multiple dimensions, multiple heads on one dimension, multiple heads on two dimension. So headquarters will be receiving information that is coming from a number of different channels and that could actually create a little bit of inefficiency in how you are communicating. Then there could be overlapping responsibilities and that can produce tough wars. Obviously, you know that in organizations because there are human systems and politics so politics may have your tough, your domain, when they are not clear, if you are reporting to two places, that means that because your managers are human beings, tough wars can create why this person is giving more attention to the other manager, why he is not listening to me, he didn't listen to me, he didn't listen to me, he didn't listen to me. So all these things can create tough wars. And it can also create loss of accountability because when you are reporting to two people then you will say that I had reported to him, so I didn't do it, although it can be possible that you should have reported to the other person. So because there is a situation in which two people are responsible, that is why your accountability is reduced. Then another issue is that distance, language, time and culture barriers that make it difficult for managers to resolve conflicts and clarify confusion because you are working in an international context. If your division is, let's say, Middle East, so if the division manager sits in Saudi Arabia and you are somewhere working in Iran or other Middle Eastern country, in that situation, to communicate on those distances is difficult in an international context. So managing a metric structure is easier in the domestic context, but it's difficult in the international context. So how do you overcome these challenges and issues? For that your managers working in a metric structure in the international context, they must be more skilled than your domestic managers. They must have more exposure. They must know the business very well, the general business. It's not just important that they should know their area. Like if a person is a finance manager or a marketing manager, it's not only necessary that they should be competent in their own areas, but they should know the business very well. They should also have very good interpersonal skills. Well, interpersonal skills are important in all contexts, but it is much more important in the international context, particularly if you're working in the metric structure. And then this person who is working in an international context must be able to deal with ambiguities of responsibility and authority. As we just talked about metric structure, creating a situation of dual reporting, loss of accountability, and turf wars. So that person must be... So because of this, ambiguity creates. Then they should have training for presenting ideas in groups because that in a metric context, in a metric structure, you are reporting to a multiple number of people and you are working in a more integrated way. You're not just limited to your own domain that, okay, this is the domain of finance or marketing or the domain of one product line or domain of one geographical area. No, it's a more integrated system. So you should be able to present your ideas to people who are different from your line of work. So you should be able to present your ideas in a group. Therefore, because of all these challenges, HR planning in a metrics multinational is more critical than in a traditional organization. So you have to be very much involved in the HR planning process and you have to know where you have to place which person because responsibilities are mixed, they are ambiguous. So a person who is fit for that particular position must be hired over that position. So HR planning is very much critical in this context.


What's going on everyone Sam here with late in sports cards. We are doing it 2021 22 Puneenie Donress optic choice basketball 10 box break number three tiered random team style Here's a look again at your random results as always you can find these on the website under the results tab as well as the link That's in chat. Let's do it everybody. Good luck here Nice another spot came in for Puneenie black appreciate you guys down to one to go on that one now awesome All right number one. Let's do it. Good luck everybody.  Let's do it empty Got silver Goran's Roger. That's gonna be Austin Rivers on the optographs. That's going to the Nuggets not numbered Nice one there Congrats Denver. We've got Jordan Clarkson on your red green choice exclusive jazz That's gonna be Joe Eris. That's gonna be your numbered card 74 out of 88 for the Nets nice one there Nets Got Luca Garza for the pistons and a Corey Kisfer going to the Wizards There you go Washington next one here. Good luck everybody silver Pascal Siakum We've got Austin Reeves on the rookie auto that's going to the Lakers nice one there LA S hon Potential starter there in LA Donovan Mitchell on your red green choice nice one there Congrats jazz nice tier two for Ben Nice Zair Williams gonna be your mojo rookie numbered card 56 out of 88 choice exclusive of course red mojo We've got Jonan and Kaminga on the rookie as well as Quinton Grimes going to Nix Next box here guys. Good luck. Good luck. We've got Jama Red Silver. Nice.  That's going to the Pacers on your choice exclusive we've got miles bridges on Your optic numbered 84 out of 88 Red mojo numbered card for the Hornets Keon Johnson rookie Clippers and a Tray man for the Thunder All right guys, see what we got on our choice exclusive Up the graph's choice with that focus there you go card number 99 Kade cutting him Boom Kubong L Congrats, man. That's awesome Up the graph choice Kade. Let's go First Kade I pulled out of this man. That is awesome Go into the Pistons Kubong L There he is. Let's go man. That's awesome. Love pulling the kids never gonna hear complaint pulling a Kade cutting him auto empty Chris stops for Zingis Silver. We've got Dan Izzell Go into the nuggets on the optographs. Not really. I meant I was about to say rookie auto on the optographs auto That's going to the nuggets Nice Aaron Wiggins on your choice exclusive red green We've got Dante Devenchenzo 35 out of 88 go into the bucks Again on your choice exclusive numbered car Then we've got Miles McBride and Bones Highland for your rookies. Very nice. Good way to end it there Chill out everybody there pull a gold rookie out of this. That's what I that's what I'm feeling Sean That's what I'm feeling right there feeling dangerous Miles turn that's gonna be Bob Dandridge going to the box on the optographs auto Nice vet throwback right there Bob Dandridge We've got Scotty Lewis for the Hornets red green choice exclusive Cold Sandro we've got Darius Garland 38 out of 88. Let's go into the Cavaliers Elf from Shengyun going to the Rockets Followed by an Usman Garuba as well Looks like there's some damage on this you can't really tell on the camera. I'm trying to get a good view of it It's on the bottom part here. I'm just gonna send an empty box and wrapper with the Rockets Again when you get it in who's got the Rockets Ronald are when you get the card in you'll be able to see it if you look on the back But it's not super visible on the camera. I'm just gonna send it just to be just to be safe though You kind of see it when I'm talking about yeah, it's like it's like a weird line or something going on Yeah, it's a bestie Send them boxes basketball cards, baby optic choice Silver Jared Allen We've got Jay Sean tape second year optographs auto going to the Rockets.  Good luck everybody need to see something big Isaiah Stewart Nice Kessler Edwards go into the nets on your optographs rated rookie Nice one there next tier two hit for James B Choice exclusive that's gonna be Isaiah Jackson for the Pacers red green Kenyon Martin jr. 56 out of 88. That's going to the Rockets a little bit of a color match there David Johnson and Jeremiah Robinson Earl Back here. We got Steph Curry on the silver. Nice one there Nice Jalen Green on your Optographs red mojo choice exclusive rookie auto Rockets. There you go Ronald Nice hit on the Jalen Green There he is. Let's go That's nasty We've got a Colin Sexton nice one there for the caps Choice exclusive Kelly Olenek 43 out of 88. That's going to the Pistons Rookies are going to be Joe Weisskamp and a Namious Keita silver Christian would We've got Pacers George McGinnis Going to or going to the Pacers I should say on your red mojo optographs There you go, Indiana Travis L. I'm sorry. I was looking forward on the results there. I couldn't find it Chris middle. Yeah glitched out for a second. Chris Middleton. That's red green choice exclusive for the books Kpj is going to be your red exclusive 88 out of 88 on the bookend for the Rockets Got a Jalen Green rookie And a Trey Murphy the third rookie Very nice Last box here Silver Spencer Dinway. We've got Namious Keita That's going to the Kings on the Optographs rookie auto. Nice one there Sacramento S. Han on the tier two Dianse Murray Red green choice exclusive Hawks legend now Yusuf Nurkic 51 out of 88 going to the Blazers Herbert Jones and Santy Aldema That'll do it for the break guys. Do a quick recap here for you We've got Namious Keita Kings George McGinnis Pacers Kessler Edwards Nets Jay Sean Tate Rockets Bob Dandridge Bucks Dan Isle for the Nuggets Austin Reeves going to Lakers Austin Rivers going to the Nuggets We had our two big autos Jalen Green first off that's going to the Rockets nice one there Rockets And a Cade Cunningham going to the Pistons Congrats on that one Pistons That'll do it for the break guys. Thanks again for the fill next up 10 box Tuesday