What presents Hollywood? Bring you the Lux Radio Theater, starring Charles and Heston and Gene Peters in Biba Zappata. Ladies and gentlemen, your producer, Mr. Irving Cummings. Greetings from Hollywood, ladies and gentlemen. Tonight we are presenting two new faces in motion pictures. Two young players who are among Hollywood's most popular stars. Charles and Heston and Gene Peters. And who will undoubtedly be among the outstanding artists of tomorrow. And we have chosen one of the most exciting and dynamic pictures of the season for their co-starring role. It's Viva Zappata, the story of one of Mexico's famous leaders, as created by the 20th Century Park Studios. You know many of the scenes for Viva Zappata were shot on location. And although going on location can be in the nature of the vacation, our glamorous stars know that it can't be a vacation from their beauty care. Our lovely actresses are devoted to their daily lux facials, whether on location or at home. Now, Viva Zappata, starring Charles and Heston as Zappata and Gene Peters as Josef. In 1999, a delegation of pay arms journeyed to the presidential palace in Mexico City. A ragged group of Indians, they'd been granted an audience with Porfirio Diaz. While my children, you must have had some reason for coming here. Surely there's something you want to tell me? They have taken our land away, my president. Ah, you can talk. Now, who took your land away? Who? They have taken our green valleys, my president. They leave all in the rocky hillside. They built benches with barbed wire. They plant sugar cane in our corn land. You can prove that you own those lands. I must have facts as well as accusations. We have a paper from the Spanish crown, my president, and another paper from the Mexican Republic. Well, if this is true, you have no problem. The law will settle that my children, but first you must find your boundary stone. Verify your boundaries. You will do this for me? Yes, I will. Good. Now go home, my children, and establish your boundaries. Thank you, my president. We can't verify the boundaries, my president. They're a guard to the fence with rifles. Well, the courts will settle everything with your permission. Do you know of any land suit that was ever won by country people? My children, I am your father, your protector. But you must be patient with your permission. We make our tortillas out of corn, not patience. And patience will not cross an armed and guarded fence. To do as you suggest, we need your authority to cross the barbed wire. I cannot possibly exercise such authority. You advised it, my president. What is your name? Zapata. Emiliano Zapata. Unless the president led the names of his petitioners, and around the names Zapata, he drew a heavy black circle. When the Indians went home, they cut the barbed wire and swarmed over the newly planted sugarcane, searching for their boundaries. But the guards, the Rurales, were waiting for them. But the Pata escaped. With his brother Eusamio and a handful of men, he found safety in the high and lonely mountains. And there a man came, searching for him. You are Zapata. All week, I've searched these mountains for you. Who are you? I was sent by your friend. What purpose? I come with news of Madero. Madero? Who's Madero? He is the leader of the fight against Diaz. I must talk with you. So, go ahead. First, I will read something. The true meaning of democracy has long been forgotten. The control of our country is in the hands of a tyrant. He has named to carry out his ruthless order. Who will take? Francisco Madero. If we are to bring back the freedom that goes only with democracy, we must unite and drive the tyrant from office. Mr. Madero, where is he now? The United States, Texas. A fine place to be fighting Diaz. He's ready now to move. He sent out many people like me to find leaders. That's how I found out about Emiliano Zapata. Get him something to eat. You, come with me. Pablo, what about this Madero? This is his picture here in the paper. Explore Emiliano with a beard. A good man. I like the look of his eyes. Then find him. Talk to him. I can't, not now. The girl again? Espejo's daughter? Said, not now. You will go, Pablo.  Tell me what you see. Me? He's in Texas. Go to Texas. But how far is he? Who knows?  If you like what you find in Madero's face, tell him about our troubles. Tell him that we recognize him as the leader against Diaz. I will be back when you see me again. But, ma'am, where is he going? What? Where is he going? I don't know. He didn't say. No, where is he going? I don't know. He didn't say. What's the matter with him? With him, it's a woman. What else? The father, it was the woman. And that night, he went down to her house in the village and hid in the shadow of her window and called to her. Emiliano. Be quiet. I must speak to your safer. There are any far after you. I know. When may I speak with your father? No. Never. Why not? What's wrong with me? What would be wrong with me if I married you? What does that mean? That I have no intention of ending a portion close in a ditch and patting toward tears like an Indian. My mother? What is that? The fathers were chieftains when your grandfather lived in a cave. Just remember that. Well, you're not chieftains now. You have no land, no money. Without luck, you'll be in jail by tomorrow. And after that... You're hurting me. You listen to me. I've been offered an important position in the Nazi Relatoria. The Nazi doesn't hire a fugitive from the law.  Pardoned? Why? Why would she want you? Apparently you don't know that I am the best judge of horses in the country. You're the only one who doesn't know me. The answer is still no. I could take you away with me right now. I could not prevent you. Could I? But sooner or later, you would go to sleep. And then you would kill me? No. You're too respectable. I would do it because I am respectable. I want to live a safe life without surprises. And preferably with a rich man. You don't mean that. I mean exactly that. Come back when you can offer me something. And Zapata took her arm. He touched it gently with his fingers as a blind man touches to recognize and to remember. And he left without looking at her face. Zapata became a horse buyer and his patron Donatio secured his pardon.  When he had saved a little money and owned a good suit of clothes, he made up his mind to see Josefa's father. But on that very day, a traveler returned from Texas. We can talk here, Emiliano. Now tell him Pablo, tell him. We spoke of you much in Texas, Emiliano. One strong push and the other's finished. Wait a minute. You, Fernando. How are you and all of this? My dad will send him with me. He wants a message from you. Yes. I have private affairs. I don't want to be the conscience of the world. I don't want to be the conscience of anybody. That is all you have to say? That's enough for me.  Zapata stayed on the road. He'd go on to the village and speak to Josefa's father. But other men were on the road. Men in uniform. Rurales. Four men on horses, one on foot. With the rope around his neck. How is he a feminine? The old man, innocent. What's he done? Who knows. What's the matter? Get away from the prisoner. What have you done? What are they taking you for? The rope's too tight. He can't talk. Give him some water. What did he do? They're all crazy, these Indians. The craziest people I ever saw. What did he do? Captain tells me to bring them in. They're always doing something. I think you'd better... I'm a shepherd. Put it away. No. Stop it. Stop it. He would not listen. And now he's dead. What did he do? He crawled through the fence at night. To plant the crop. My father does the same. Still believes that the land belongs to him. The field is like a woman.  It's hard to learn that she isn't yours anymore. They will be after you again, Emiliano. You can hide in my house. It would be an honor to take care of your horse. Thank you. I'll go now. Where? I was on my way to the village. Oh, for the Rurales? I am still on my way. He was captured at the door of Josef's house. They put a rope around his neck and set out for their headquarters. And as they rode, men appeared from out of nowhere. They emerged from either side of the road, quietly and in order, but with rifles and machetes. Side by side they rode with the Rurales, but the captain said nothing, until still another band appeared and blocked the way. What are you trying to do? Just manage a criminal. With your permission, we are here to see that the prisoner does not escape. You're breaking the law. Helping the law. With your permission, we are guarding the prisoner. Cut the rope, let him go. Cut the rope? Give me a knife, I'll do it myself. The captain is letting him go. With a kinder. I caught your horse. Thank you. What about the Rurales? Let them go. Let them go? And what about the wire? What wire? The telegraph wire. Cut the wire before they use it. No. It belongs to the government. If you touch that wire, you'll rebuild against the government. And the troops came. The President's troops, for many bitter weeks, death walked across the corn land, but Zapata let his people, wise in the ways of traps and ambush and sudden raids. And the day came when there were no more troops to fight. And on that day, the legend of Zapata was written across the face of Mexico. When it was over, Zapata returned to the house of Josef Espel. The radio family are still inside. Still in the house. Still with the girl and the relative. An hour and three-quarters already. What a waste of time. I've loved with all my heart 100 women I never want to see again. And he's still after this one. It escapes me. This is the way these people go about getting married. They sit. They sit in chairs and talk proverbs. That makes me sick. Go to the saloon. Everyone else is celebrating. You may as well, too. The general must be protected.  Who tried to harm your brother? Nobody, my friend. Not while I'm here. They'll do not know who's safer. Did you think of me while I was away, or didn't you? It is said that a warrior's shield is the heart of his beloved. Huh? Well said, ma'am. Well said, ma'am. Well said, ma'am. Well said, ma'am. The hero himself has made you general of all the armies of the south. Is it true? It is true, Senora Pejo. But what of the north? When will the fighting in the north be over? No one knows. Days, or months. Father. Is Emiliano here to talk of war? But it is such an honor. A general. General. A pata. Well, say, let's go for a walk. There might be a breeze on the road. A walk? Alone? Impossible. Yes, yes. A whip dog is a wiser dog. Do you think that three women and a goose make a martyr? This, I believe, that love cannot be bought, except with love, and that he who has a good wife wears heaven in his hand. But I ask you, please, when can we be alone? When can we talk as we want to talk? Oh, perhaps tomorrow. No, no. But only perhaps. And now we shall have refreshment. This is as it should be. A starved body has a skinny soul. Yes. Maria! Emiliano! Emiliano, quick! The fighting is over. Emiliano! Who's this? She kissed him on the lips. Who says it's a quiet mama? The fighting is over. Good afternoon. And all night long, the town's celebrated the victory and the wedding, with wine and singing and the playing of music. Finally it's happened. I have a sister now, Fernando. You're drunk. Ooh, very drunk. And you are very sober. I know what's the matter with you, Fernando. What? You have heavy blood.  I am unhappy with half victory. I love you, Fernando, but I don't like you. I never liked you, my darling friend. There will be more bloodshed. All right, more. But not tonight. Dear, dear, take the bottle. Be human. Enjoy yourself. How long have you sat here by the window? I don't know. Pretty soon I'll go to sleep. What do you think now? Nothing. But you are? No. No. Don't worry about it. We'll find a good piece of land some facing will settle down. Now go to sleep. I don't want to sleep. Emiliano, the fighting is over. Madeira is in the capital. Tomorrow I will leave and go to talk to him. Can I go with you? No. Do you think we'll have children? Yes. We'll name them all Francisco. After Madeira because he brought peace. Emiliano, please tell me. Is it something about me? You must never think that I'll say I love you. Then you will tell me. Madeira will have men around him, men from schools, lawyers, educated men. My horse and my rifle won't help me there. I can't read or say if I can't even read. When they asked you to win battles, did they say can you read the part? Teach me. Of course. Teach me to read. Of course. Teach me now. Get a book. Here. Here's the book. The Bible? Open it. Any page. It doesn't matter. In the beginning, God created the heavens and the earth. Which word is God? Which is heaven? Now, watch. In. In. The. The. Beginning. In. The. Beginning. In the beginning. Now, here's your Lux Hollywood reporter, Libby Collins. The picture in the news tonight is the turning point. Paramount's hard-hitting documentary of a crime investigating committee fighting to clean up a big city. and plays the reporter. Edmund O'Brien, the chief investigator, and Alexis Smith, the beautiful society girl who becomes O'Brien's girl Friday. The men are both in love with Alexis, but they've hardly time for romance. They're so busy fighting crime. That reflects daily luck so care. Ken, Alexis is just one shining example of luck beauty care. Nine out of ten glamour screen stars depend on luck facial. Their fresh, lovely complexions show you what luck care can do for your skin. And here's why. Luck soap care has skin tonic action. Yes, a beautifying tonic action that brings your skin luscious new smoothness, freshness.  And that's a must for radiant, young-looking skin. It's wonderful how quickly your skin responds to this stimulating care. You just cream in rich luck lather. Then, after you rinse warm, splash cold, you'll see your skin looks clearer, feels more satin-y. Tomorrow, try Hollywood's luck soap facial. Beauty care that helps any normal skin even dry skin bloom with softer beauty. Yes, Leverbothers Company guarantees luck-spotted soap care with skin tonic action will make your skin definitely smoother, definitely fresher. Now, our producer, Minister Irving, coming. Act two of Leverbothers starring Charlton Heston as Zapata and Gene Peters as Josep. Leverbothers journeyed to Mexico City, for this was a troubled man and only Madero could eat the turmoil in his mind. They met in the presidential palace where once before Zapata had asked the same question. The land, sir. When will the village land be given back to the people? Tell them that they will get their land. But under the law, this is a delicate matter of million. It must be studied. What is it to study, my president? The land must be given back so there will be no injustice. And speaking of land. Close the door, please. Let me show you this map. You see here where these two streams meet? The land here is very rich and well-worsened and a good house on it. You know what this is, General? It is ranch. It is your ranch. Mine. It is accustomed to reward victorious generals and no one deserves it more than you. I did not fight for a land. I don't think you know what I mean. I know what you mean. The land I fought for was not for myself. Nobody are going to do it, but the land I did fight for. Believe me, it will all be taken care of in good time. Now is a good time, sir. No, no. There is only one way to do these things. Oh, this noise of confusion. I can't seem to get out, please. Everybody, please get out. There are papers to be signed there. Let them wait. Let them wait till I... General, would you excuse me? You will return? You can meet him. Defenio, come here. Fernando. He's a very busy man. He has things to do every minute, night and day. He is a mouse in a black suit. He talks too much like Dionne. No, no. Madero is right. This is peace, Emiliano. It takes time. We must work by law. First, the land must be given back, and if Madero doesn't do it, well, Fernando, then he is an enemy, too. You're his emissary. He's officer. I'm a friend to no one and to nothing, Pablo, except logic and reality. Peace is very difficult. Defenio, what do you think?  No! What's the harm? You've never taken anything. The result, we have nothing. A ranch like that... You see? I have chipped my words. I am back. Emiliano, I promise you that my first thought is of the land, but in a way that is permanent. Before you can do anything by law, you must have more. We cannot have an armed and angry nation. Then what do we do? Stack your arms. That is my first request. Stack your arms and disband your armies. Who will enforce the laws once we have them? The regular armies. It'll work, though. The police, the harassers. They are the ones we just fought and beat. Give me a watch. My watch? Give it to me. My rifle's loaded, and it points at your heart. Good for watch. Very expensive. Now take my rifle. Take your rifle? I don't understand. Now take my rifle. This time you have the rifle, so I give you back your watch, but without the rifle, never. You draw a strong model. You ask us to dissolve. How could we keep our land if we dissolve? But it is not that simple. There's a matter of time. Time is one thing to a lawmaker, but to a farmer, there is a time to plant and a time to harvest, and you cannot plant in harvest time. General Sopata, do you trust me? I trust you the way my people trust me, and they trust me as long as I keep my promises. They're not one minute longer. Where are you going? I'm going home. I will wait, but not for long. Oh, Sopata, he was leaving, huh? You are listening to us, General Sopata? A little perhaps. Kill that Sopata now. Kill him and you'll save time and lives. Your own, maybe. I do not shoot my own people. He's a fine man. I don't understand. What's that got to do with it? A man can be honest and completely wrong. I trust him. Good. Meanwhile, I'll take my troops down to Morova and help him to decide No, no, no, no, no. I must have time to think. Sir Pablo, come in, come in. There is something I had hoped to say. All right, my friend. You can speak freely.  I want you to speak to General Sopata again for me. He won't come back, my president. He's stubborn. But if you would come down to Morova, he's different there. He needs you, sir, to help him. And if you will excuse me, you need him too? I will come. Thank you. Thank you. What does the president say? Madero is going to a morale. But no troops. He forbids it. Oh, the odor of goodness. No troops. He'll never get anywhere as long as the part is alive. He believes in what he's fighting for. So does Madero. Madero is a mouse. He can be handled with the part of the tiger.  So Madero went to Morova. He spoke to the people, to the followers of Zapata. Then the people assembled in the public square and surrendered their arms. Madero watched them with the look of great happiness on his face. And Zapata also watched. But who could tell what he thought? You see, my friend, few people give up their weapons. Gladly, we are a nation of peace. He explained it very well, didn't he, Emiliano? They believe me, Pablo. Do you tell me? I've been fighting so long, I don't understand peace. Peace is a problem. Many men have been honest at war, but I often wonder how long a man can stay honest under the pressure of peace. This is a man I can love, Emiliano. What's going on, your brother? What is it? That's him. What's up? What's there? What is it? Where's the troops coming from? No, you didn't know it. No, no, no, it's the troops coming in. We read you. It was artillery. How did you find that out? Because I pushed the scouts. I didn't drop Madero when I was right. Who's got the troops? I'll stop him. I'll stop him, I told you. He would not do it. Emiliano, you must stop him. You must stop him. You must. Only Madero can bring us peace. Emiliano, the billboard, rifles and ammunition. No, no, listen to me. Listen to me. Now get up the snipers and flank the road.  Might be better to finish him off. What do you say, Emiliano? There must be no mercy. I give you my word. I will stop the troops. I hope so. But if you don't, I will. My President, of course, you must get me understood. These two have good qualities. Believe me, proper. I know, I know, and I'll talk to Emiliano. I'll bring you two together again. The rifles again were in the hands of the Zapatista. They waited in hiding in ambush, and they destroyed the troops of General Werther. But Werther had many more regiments. This Madero knew, though he went to Werther to plead for peace. Why won't Werther see me? I've been here for days. I'm a prisoner. The General has been guarding you for your safety, my President. Outside, you have many enemies. How can you say such things? I don't understand. Why can't I see him? But, sir, the General wants to see you. Now, tonight, that's why I'm here. He is at a special automobile. We will leave at once. And it's going to be all right. Yes, it's going to be all right. Take so rainy nights, sir. I brought a heavy coat for you. Hurry, hurry. We mustn't keep him waiting. Distance away, Werther had instructed his soldiers. He gave a signal when he saw the headlights of the approaching automobile. Now, when it stopped and Madero ran to him through the rain, he gave another signal. The fighting resumed. Werther against Zapata and Panchoviya. In his village, Zapata had a prisoner, his friend of a lifetime, Pablo. Look at me, Emiliano, and you say nothing. Not even a word. You were his friend, Pablo, and you betrayed him. Let him tell me that himself. I have nothing to say. The squad is waiting, Emiliano. And it wait. I'm going home. I'll be back tomorrow. I sent a message to her safe. I promised her that. Are you putting this off? No. Pablo met with the enemy. I have witnessed. You don't need witnesses. Just ask me. It's true, Emiliano. I met with Madero before he was taken away and killed. You met him many times. Many times, Fernando. He tried to hold back Werther and Werther killed him. When you went to Madero, you deserted our cause. He was a good man. He wanted to build houses, plant fields. If we could begin to build, even while we're burning, if we could plant while we destroy. Our cause is the land, not thoughts or ideas, or laws corn planted earth to feed the families. But can a good thing come from a bad act? Question beats in my head. Can peace ever come from someone killing? Can a man who's thoughts are born in anger and hate tell such a man lead to peace and govern in peace? You must have thought about it, Emiliano. Do you know? The last time you saw Madero, they followed you back across the line. They found our camp on the river. How many men did we lose? How many? You knew our rule against consulting with the enemy. Yes, my general. And you ignored it. Yes, my general. I'll call the squad. No. Not strangers. Emiliano, do it yourself. Yourself? Fernando. As you wish. Busy. The messenger just come from Pantulia. Tell him to wait, Madero. The general's busy. But he says it's important. I think it's good news, Fernando. I think he's... Get the messenger. Zapata will see him now. My own daughter. Look at your dress. Look at this house. Why is he a general at all? What's he got from it? Is this the house of a general? Emiliano has sent me a message. He'll be home soon, and things will be different. He's been busy. He's had to see Via.  Being a general is a business opportunity. Zapata could have half the state, and everyone would respect him for it. But he won't touch it. Not one inch of land, not one penny. I give him. I never had faith in him. Never. Emiliano. Welcome home. Welcome home, my son. Josefa. Josefa. You're hurt. No. Tired. How did you get through the lines? As of yesterday, there are no lines. Hueter's defeated. Via's in Mexico City. Congratulations. Congratulations, my son. Emiliano. Something's wrong. Nothing. We've won. I just need some sleep. Stayed by me, Josefa. Stayed by me, while I sleep. Once again, Zapata went to Mexico City, and where it was first Diaz and then Madero, now it was Pantulia. But the meeting with Via was not in a palace. It was in a wood near the military encampment. The two generals lay on the ground leaning against trees. They ate fruit and they taunt. Forgive me, gentlemen, but it's past three o'clock.  But, General, there is so much to discuss. What do you think we have men doing? I mean political matters, sir. Me? I have made up my mind. I'm going home. I have a nice ranch now, Emiliano. So? I am going to be president of a ranch. In the morning, no bugles, only roosters.  Somebody I didn't even know. Sir, what do you propose? Nothing. No proposals. I've been fighting too long.  You beat one of them, two more jump-ups. I used to think it would work. But what about Mexico? Mexico. Mexico. What about Mexico? I have it all figured out. There's only one man I can trust. Emiliano? You can read? A little. I know. I just appointed you.  I am right. There isn't anyone else. It is you, me.  There is no one else, Emiliano. God, you're with us. Before we continue with Act III of Viva Sopata, meet Lux Lovely Helene Stanley, whom you'll see in 20th Century Fox's great technicolor saga, The Snows of Kilimanjaro. Mr.  I play a love scene with Gregory Beck, but he leaves me a last to become a writer and three beautiful women enter his life. Susan Hayward, Ava Gardner and Hilda Gardner. Helene, it's certainly a compliment to be in the cast for such a picture. Everything about it spells greatness. The story by Ernest Hemingway, the Daryl Epsonic production and the magnificent scenery of Africa, Paris, Spain, the Riviera. I'm quite sure everyone will enjoy The Snows of Kilimanjaro. It was thrilling, Mr. Cummings, to play in the same cast with Susan Hayward. She's so talented and so beautiful. You know, visiting Susan's dressing room, she uses the same complexion care I do. Wonderful luxe toilet soap. Well, Helene, you'll find luxe in practically every dressing room that has a star on the door. You see, luxe toilet soap care has skin tonic action, a gentle toning action that makes skin smoother, fresher, wonderfully younger looking. And Mr. Carpenter, the big bath size luxe is a Hollywood favorite, too. We all know luxe beauty baths are the way to all over loveliness. Yes, a luxe beauty bath really gives all your skin new satin smoothness. And it's a real beauty treatment. You'll delight in the creamy richness of luxe lather. It's so abundant, even in hard water. And what a heavenly fragrance luxe has. It's so flowers fresh. Luxe perfume really cleans, too. Why don't you try Hollywood's favorite beauty pick-up. Get the big bath size luxe toilet soap tomorrow. You'll find life's lovely when your luxe's lovely. We pause now for station identification. This is the CBS radio network DBO and WDBOFM Orlando, Florida. The curtain rises on Act 3 of Eva Zapata starring Charlestonist Zapata and Gene Peters as host Phil. Zapata remains in Mexico City. He sat in the great office and struggled with the endless problems of people and government. No longer was Pablo at his side or even his brother, Fabio. But Fernando, yes. Fernando always. Who's next? There's a delegation from Morelos. I'll tell them to come back in the morning. There are more pressing matters. Tell them to come in now. Yes, my president. General, not president, general. Yes, sir. Tell the delegation to come in. Yes, sir. Pipe, you got skinny. What can I do for you? What is it? Tell me, what's wrong? We have a complaint against your brother. Your brother has moved into the Acienda, Ayala. And he took the land that you were just a citizen. He put us out. He killed a man who wouldn't go. Yes, sir. Is this true? Yes, it is true. All right. All right, when I get some time I'll look into it. These men haven't got time. They've filed the land. They've got it half seated. They haven't got time. When we went to your brother, he said... My brother generally became a general fighting your enemies or winning your battles. I'm one of you. You can trust me. Then you know the land can't wait. Empty stomachs can't wait either. What's your name? Hernandez. We'll take care of this one. I'll speak to Bianco. No, there is no list of names. I never want to see another list of names. You all of you, wait for me. Wait for me here. Where are you going? I'm going home. Leave now and your enemies will be here tomorrow in that room, in that desk.   I won't live long anyway, Fernando. I won't go with you. I don't expect a man with no fields, no wife, no friends, no love. You only destroy. That is your love. And I will tell you what you will do. You'll go to Obregon or Corander and you'll never change. Now hand me my rifle. The delegates from Morelos have spoken the truth. The bottle's brother had stolen the house he owned at Ayala. The bottle found in there sprawled on the rich carpet with a bottle in his hand. Be careful what you say to me, Emiliano.  Your arm. I need help. No talk. I have come with men we both know. Did you take the land away from them? I took what I wanted. There are lands, there are wives, there are women, there are women, there are wives, there are wine, whatever I wanted. What kind of an animal are you? I'm a man. I'm a freak like my brother. Get out. Look. I fought as long and as hard as you did. I too am a general. And what's in my pocket? Nothing. Nothing but a little dust. We've been deers. Deers living in a palace in Paris. We beat water. He's a rich man in the United States. I have to beg pennies in my own village from people that never even fired a gun. But I'm a general. So I'm going to act like the general. I'm going to take what I want. Let him go. This land is yours again. But you must protect it with your lives if necessary and your children with their lives. Our enemies will be back if they drive us out of the valley live on the sides of the mountain. But live. You've always looked for leaders, strong men without faults. Men like yourselves.  There are no leaders, but yourselves is the only lasting stress. You see? The face and the waist we will bury him as a general. He didn't die in battle in his honor. I'll take him home with me. We will help him. Father went back to the mountains. But because he still was the power, the new leaders, the new generals sent their armies against him. How can we fight an enemy we can't find? There's only one thing to do. Wipe them out. All of them. We go to the villages. Their corn is growing in their houses. What new people? We destroy the corn. We burn the houses. When we go back, there's a new shelter and the corn is growing again. They're like a different race. They're not afraid of anything.    The answer is always Zapata. Kill Zapata. And your problem is solved. We must send a man to Zapata. A man who will get him out of those mountains. So they sent the man and the friends of Zapata knocked at the door of his hut in the mountains and brought him the news. This much is true, Emiliano. He took us to where they had stored their supplies. The guns are new. Some never fired. Machine guns, too. Ammunition. A mountain of it. Seen it? Yes. Enough for everything to last us a year. Why does he want to join us? He says he was stripped of his rank for nothing. A colonel. He wants revenge. Sounds like a trap. It's strange enough to be true. What proof did he give you of his good faith? He executed Juan Calzado, the chief of police who killed so many of our people. Further proof he leaves to you. They back hit him hard. What's happening, Emiliano? What did the men want? Nothing. Nothing. I want to know, Emiliano, what is happening? Are the hens beginning to crow? Every night I have the same thought. My heart says to me, now for the first time you have your husband alone sometimes without fighting, running, hiding. But it also says that soon you will be dead and I have never known you in peace. But, Sipa, I am trying to make a plan. My father told me to squat over the grinding stone and head. I have to go. I have to go. Sit over the grinding stone. You'll beat your clothes clean on a river bank. You'll walk behind him on the trail and he will only speak to give you orders. And I said I love him and I will have him. Sipa, we're getting all the ammunition we need. No, I don't want to hear. He will be gone and one day it's sorrow will come to the door and tell me that you're dead. That is what is left for me. There's a man in the village who is giving me his regiment and all his equipment. I always suspect a trick. I wouldn't be alive if I didn't.  I haven't made up my mind. Emiliano, don't go. We need what Guajardo can do. Don't go. I have a feeling. That's enough. I will make up my mind. Emiliano, do you want to die? I must do what is needed. It will be all right. I will say something but not for myself. If anything happens to you what would become of the people? What would they have left? Themselves. With all the fighting and the death what has really changed? They have changed. That's how things really change. Slowly, through people they don't need me anymore. They have to be led? Yes, but by each other a strong man makes a weak people. Strong people don't need a strong man. You're right or you're wrong. It doesn't matter. All I really know is that I love you. Look. The little clouds across the moon. It's a good sign. The clouds are racing. Time is racing through. The next days the father's lieutenants had more news to tell him. Guajardo can be trusted, Emiliano. He told us a true train was coming. We put dynamite on the tracks. The train came, as he said. It was destroyed. I saw them again. Stacked and waiting, Emiliano. What do you think? Is that every test? Tonight. We'll ride down to the town tonight. There is just one thing I would like to know. Suppose that something happens to me. We will get along. And someday we'll go to the valley again. Until then, Emiliano, you have taught us how to survive. Tonight. The father had ridden a white horse. From the first, the same white horse. But a year ago the horse had disappeared. Only Lozaro had found him again. And that night he brought him to the father. Look, I say for my old friend the best hurts I have ever had. You're leaving. I lost him at Hanukkah Puppet, remember? Fedros must have had him. You see, the brand has changed. But now he's mine again. He's grown old. We'll try to be back by sunrise. If not sent by sun... Get someone else! Don't go! I said... The mountains then into the town. It was arranged that the father would meet with Guajardo in the courtyard of the garrison. The two men alone. The gates of the fort were open to the part of Empress. But hidden behind a wall were twenty federal soldiers. And the man called Fernando. Fernando? The tiger is dead. The horse got away. The horse? The people are very superstitious. Yeah, I know. And sometimes a dead man can be a terrible enemy. What do we do with this? The body will be exposed in the plaza so they can see it. So they can all see that he's dead. The people saw the body and some said it was the father. And others in the mountains said it was not. But I saw him. It must be. It must be close to those federal things they're fooling.  That way it could have been anybody. Please fool them again. Are you sure? I rode with them. I fought with them all these years.  They'll never get him. Can you capture a river? Can you kill the wind? No. No, he's not a river and he's not the wind. Zapata is a man.  Then where is he? He's here. In these mountains. His horse. The white horse. We couldn't find Zapata now. But if we ever need him again he'll be back. Yes. He's in the mountain. Send them up to 18 medium sized packages into rare and exciting Christmas gifts. This 127 piece gift wrapping kit is a regular $1.50 value. But you can have it for only one luxe flake box top and 50 cents. Send them to luxe box 34 New York 46 New York. Remember, send one luxe box top and 50 cents for each kit. That's luxe box 34 New York 46 New York. Offer closes November 30th. Good only in United States, Alaska and Hawaii. Faith Lux Flakes are guaranteed by Lever Brothers Company. Now here's Mr. Cummings with our stars. And here we are at the Footlights. Sheldon Heston and Jean Peter. Listen, we applaud your performances. You were just great. Well, you're welcome, but why in Spanish? We thought he was supposed to have a Mexican accent. Well, that's one problem we didn't have in the silent days. No dialect. I read in an article that you starred in and directed the longest serial ever made in Silent Picks. That's right, Sheldon. 30 episodes. It was called The Diamond from the Sky. 30 episodes? How did it end? I don't know, Jean. We sold it to a radio for a daytime scene. But I played in it one time. I came up from radio, you know. That's some comeuppance. You're the star of Paramount's new picture, The Savage. And I think it's one of your best shows. And how about your career, Jean? Well, let's just say that I started as a luxe girl, and I shall go right on being devoted to Luxo's complexion camp. But speaking of careers, watch for Mitzi Gaynor and Scott Brady's careers to zoom in their new picture for 20th Century Fox, The Bloodhounds of Broadway. We will, Jean, if you'll be sure to listen next week. Because we don't want you to miss a delightful romantic comedy. We will go when there's cream hit, grounds for marriage. Installing in the original roles, we'll have that popular favorite, Van Johnson. And a lovely lady with a beautiful voice, Catherine Grayson. We wouldn't miss that one, I think. Good night. I'll show you what the quote is important to use about mouth health for you and your entire family. And here's Ken Carpenter to tell you about it. The first major test of chlorophyll toothpaste has now been reported in a leading dental journal. This report, now in the hands of your dentist, tells how chlorodent, the largest selling chlorophyll toothpaste, was tested under the supervision of the dentist at Father Flanagan's famous Boys' Town in Nebraska. In this test, chlorodent and a fine white toothpaste were used regularly by different groups of youngsters at Boys' Town. In only 60 days, three-quarters of the boys using chlorodent showed dramatic improvement in mouth health. Chlorodent was proved to be twice as effective as the white toothpaste for quickly reducing acute gingivitis. And that's another reason why Leverbug's company unconditionally guarantees that chlorodent does more for you than any other dentist. White, ammoniated or chlorophyll to give you a clean, fresh, healthy mouth. Remember, no other nationally advertised chlorophyll toothpaste has been proved so effective. So make sure you and your family get the toothpaste used in this test. Chlorodent. Hello, Leverbug's company. Now make us a block of toilet soap. Invite you to be with us again next Monday evening. When the Lux Radio Theatre presents Catherine Grayson and Van Johnson in Grounds for Marriage. This is Irving Cummings saying good night to you from Hollywood and urging you as good Americans to be sure and vote tomorrow. Tonight with Paul Priest as the narrator, Jane Ovello as Pablo, Edgar Barrier as Fernando, Larry Dodd-Gonzalez-Lizarro, Jack Menken as Eupémiot, Lou Krugman as Madero, William Conrad as Diaz, and William John Stone, Herb Butterfield, Yvonne Patey, Jack Krushen, Charlie Lung, Lou Marrow, Tony Barrett, Jim Bannon, and Eddie Marr. Our play was adapted by S.H. Barnett and our music was directed by Rudy Schrager.


that most people, deep down inside them, feel lost. Lossness could just be dissatisfaction with your job, dissatisfaction with a relationship, dissatisfaction with your life. All the while feeling like you don't know how to get out of it. You don't know how to fix your mistakes, find the right path. You might feel like you don't know how to live. You don't know how to live life right. That lostness might go all the way down to the existential root. Feeling lost in the face of death, feeling that whatever you do will inevitably be meaningless. But knowing that, nonetheless, you have to do something.  So you feel lost, or at least I felt that way often. I spent a lot of my life in chaos. My 20s were a time of too much dope, not enough plans. I got married twice before I was 30. I'm 65, by the way. But then I didn't know what I was doing. I had two kids, Jackson and Zoe. But you know, when I first became a mom, I felt that the way to be a good mom was to be an interesting person and live an interesting life. But for me, interesting meant chaos. When Jackson was little, and we were living out in Sheridan, one day I came home and he came up to me and he was crying, and he was so worried because he had been thrown around the baseball and he by accident broke a window. And my reaction was, wasn't. What I did was I looked at him and said, come on, let's break some more. And we did. Window after window with rocks, sticks, a two by four. Crash, it was so wild, it was so fun. And at one point, just as we were about to heave a brick or something into one of the garage windows, I looked at him and he wasn't smiling. He wasn't enjoying himself. I saw terror, the terror of a world that didn't make sense. A world that didn't have rules. I saw that I was giving him what he needed most, a sense of order in the world. So I tried to start again. Move to San Antonio, two little six and 10. They got over the divorce pretty quickly, honestly. And they liked their new life there in San Antonio. And they liked their new step down, Britain. But I had a carrying around in me like some plague, this enormous heavy guilt and fear that because I had done them so much harm in the past, I was doomed to keep on hurting them. So I tried to really fix my life upright. I tried to build a kind of life, I saw in my parents. I saw the people around me. And what that meant was abandoning a lot of what I had loved about life in the first place, a sense of unpredictability, creativity. I was so worried about doing the wrong thing that I restricted myself to doing only those things that seemed right, had the new husband. I had the kid. But of course I wasn't happy. Of course I felt like I was living a checklist instead of a life. And so of course I cheated on him. Of course I left him. Of course I broke. The one thing I was trying so hard to make. A stable, loving home for my kids. I look at my kids now and even though they're doing okay, one just opened a restaurant, the other one's a medical school. I see the strain and mistrust they hold to me. It kills me that what should be a lifetime's accumulation of love and intimacy between a mother and her children is tinged with brokenness. They don't have a child at home that I still live in. They don't have a stepdad who knew them when they were 12. All that stuff that I want them to come back to in me, I broke it. I moved to Michigan with my partner, Renee. After all this really hit me like I'm gonna break it. I try to figure out how a person should live their life. How I could live my life without hurting the people around me and without hurting myself. Joseph Campbell dissects hundreds of myth narratives in search of what he calls the monomyth or universal story structure or the hero's journey. The structure is essentially this. The structure is essentially this. You need go, search, find, take, return, change. In other words, the circle of the hero's journey starts with a problem in the ordinary world that asks the hero to go to some dark, unknown place to gather some kind of power to change that ordinary world. The hero's journey is the journey of psychotherapy in a way, of plumbing something hard to reach inside you to find inner strength today, and that's what I did. I realized I was stuck in a cycle. Either live for myself and in my chaos or hurt the people around me or restrict myself. Build a life I thought I should live, but then chafe against those restrictions until I felt forced to destroy them. And what I realized was that my problem in my time of powerlessness was that I didn't know who I was. Is indicative of personhood. Trying to figure out who I am, the best way to do that would be to study my actions. And what's going to tell you the most about me are the things that really come from me, the things that I, in my full effect of personhood, really do. Seeing me accidentally knock over a chair might tell you that I'm clumsy, but it doesn't tell you very much about my inner life. It doesn't tell you about who I am. But seeing me do something I really choose to do tells you something about how I think, what drives me, what I think is important, who I think I am. Think of it this way. A character appears on the screen. What do we know about her? She hasn't done anything yet. Well, we know her approximate age. We can figure something out by the way she's dressed, where she is, the people around her, but what do we know about who she is? Nothing. Nothing that is until she takes action, until she does something. And in some way, by acting, indicates who she is. But you're watching that movie and that person just gets pushed around, never making their own decisions, always reacting, never doing anything they chose to do. And what if that person is you? What do you know about yourself? All you have are accidental, reactive acts. Drifting, unknown to myself. Living on accident, hurting the people around me, not knowing what I wanted. I tried something I learned from Joseph Campbell. I put myself on the hero's journey. I began at home in Michigan with my partner, Renee. We have been together for three years, long enough for the initial new excitement of our life together to have worn off, but I already felt myself chafing against the boundaries of the life. I didn't feel like I chose. It felt like something I had received. Renee had always talked about us having a home of our own and here we were in it. And it already wasn't that great. You. I was thinking about this when on TV of all faces, it hit me, a commercial, an image of someone who looks like me, someone who looks like the person I wanted to be, the person I should be, could be, happy, free. She was surrounded by family, but still very, very much herself. She was beautiful and she was on sale. Renee, and so I left. Go. I left my home and journeyed out into the wide world where I found the underworld, the mall. Like he has sported into large, well-lit parking lot, gaping at the hundreds of cars parked like so many husks of cicadas in molt. I went inside, there, inside this brightly lit, cavernous land. I found around me shelf upon shelf of unfulfilled desires. I found items from my path that I had never thought I would see again, beanie babies, cargo shorts, a record player, a DVD copy of The Searchers. The same perfume my mother wore. I looked around, around me were countless other lost and weary journeyers, dead-eyed, looking for that thing that would make them feel like themselves. At each store, a guardian stood, Cerberus of the GameStop, Banatos of the Sun-Glass Hut, Medusa of the Shepherd Image, Eurymimos, Devourer of Flesh of the Panda Express. I feared losing myself to these dark, unknown forces, but I screwed my courage to the sticking place knowing it was my very life at stake. I wandered for what seemed like a lifetime searching for the image I still saw burning into my mind's eye, the woman I should be, summer section of me.  It was sexy, it was beautiful. I instantly imagined myself in it. I imagined all of us, me, Renee, Jackson, Zoe, a picnic on the beach, laughing, saltwater in our hair, Renee with that little bit of sunblock on her nose. Me, in that bathing suit, perfect. I took it to the changing room and tried it on like it was made for me. I lay across the changing bench, a smile pouring across my face as I thought I could spend the rest of my life in this changing room and it would be perfect. And a voice, the mall will be closing in 15 minutes. I had to escape, I had to go and I had to bring the suit with me. I ran out of the store, swim suit in hand until somebody grabbed me. Aren't we gonna pay for that? And my friends, my friends I pay the dear and dear price. I returned home, a changed woman, feeling like finally, finally I had gotten my life on track. Finally, finally I had wanted something and I had gotten it. Who was I? I was the kind of woman who wore the most elegance when we're on the shelf and I had nothing to hide. I hung the suit up in my closet but fully it seemed an insult. And for days on end, I would find contentment in my smallest moments, thinking of it, waiting there for me. Zoe and Jackson still wouldn't return my calls. I felt that same emptiness creep up inside me again. Couldn't do anything right. I didn't know how to live until I thought I could buy again and again and again. I could keep on imagining the person I wanted to be and buy the things to make me that person. And if I didn't get it right the first time, I could try again. I could try to get closer and closer to the person who was my real true self. And sometimes it wasn't a thing I bought. Sometimes it was a gym membership. Sometimes it was a drawing class or a trip to Greece. Sometimes it was a resolution that I'd volunteer in the suit kitchen or rescue an abused dog. If I wasn't living life right, just imagine what the right life would be and try to live that, right? But no matter what, I would always, always return to this same point. She knew as soon as she had started talking that it wasn't coming out like she planned. Sure, the words were right, or most of them at least, but something about the way they felt when they hit the air was action. She knew there was a version in her that was right and this wasn't it. And it was as if the longer she talked, the further and further she departed from the correct course as if she were a bullet shot at just a degree off its target so that the farther it traveled, the farther it got away from where it should have been going. She had tried internally to correct, to put herself back on the right course, but she also knew that there was nothing more deadly than self-conscious, self-correction in the middle of things, so she eventually, about half way through, just resigned herself with the word. Next time, next time, I mean not tomorrow. Now the next time she'd give this speech, she knew that this was her one shot with this audience, with this room, but next time, as in the next time she had the chance to do this exact speech, to this exact audience, at this exact room, at this exact time in some vague version of the afterlife or reincarnation or something, next time. She found these words oddly comforting in their vagueness in the way that they healthfully disqualified this time and now it's just rehearsal for the real deal. Next time, she'd get it right. Next time, she'd be there. The first time the thought had ever come to her, she was in 11th grade and she was on stage at the awards ceremony of a big science fair standing on stage next to Chris, who she had just the biggest crush on, even though she was pretty sure that he was already making out with that other girl, Stacey, who later went into film or something. But standing there, waiting for the winners to be called when she decided, if I hear my name, if I'm one of the winners, I'm gonna lean right over and kiss him. Full on the mouth. She resolved to do this. Thinking about it gave her strength in the anxious, taffy like time of waiting for the winners to be called and maybe now you can guess the rest. She heard her name. She had won fifth place and she turned to look at Chris and she thought. And again, the metaphysics of this next time were vague at best, but in that vagueness, lay their calming effect. The next time that she was here on stage, winning fifth place next to Chris Sidman, she would kiss him. And it would be her first kiss ever.


Leonardo da Vinci is known for many things. Perhaps most intriguing are his many inventions. Some that were centuries ahead of their time. In all his drawings he envisioned a lot of war machines, many which seemed a bit crazy. In particular the specific design for what appears to be an attempt at a machine gun style crossbow device involving a wheel of 16 crossbows. It seems a bit dubious, crazy, and dangerous. In other words, a perfect project for us to try and recreate. So let's put his design to the test and see if this ancient weapon actually worked. In previous video I did exploration of the concept of the machine gun crossbow. A trope common in modern media of trying to make historical and antiquated technology comparable to modern weapons. With that project I recreated an ancient Chinese form of that weapon that had an actual limited use in combat. Surprisingly simple and effective, it still fell short of the rate of fire of an actual machine gun. After that project ended up diving into Leonardo da Vinci's drawings for a few other videos. But I discovered this obsession with the rapid fire crossbow actually dates back further to even him and some of his 1485 drawings. His drawings are pretty crazy and probably one of my favorite facts about da Vinci is that he's the original king of lying on your resume. After establishing a career and painting and sculpture for which he is often still likely best known, he decided he wanted to be a military engineer and wrote to the ruler Milan a description of all the amazing war machines he could build. Something he had never actually done before. The area where he already had established experience he only briefly mentioned at the end. Likewise in painting I can do everything possible. For his machine gun crossbow it's a pretty insane looking wheel of 16 crossbows set to all fire rapidly in a spinning motion. This is just too insane looking to not try and recreate myself. So let's give it a shot. But first thank you to the sponsor of this video. Most of da Vinci's drawings have some kind of notes written in his own somewhat cryptic mirrored writing. But despite being over 500 years ago he wrote in what is very comparable to modern Italian which would have made a mastery of that language very useful in my research. Unfortunately I'm not fluent but today's sponsor could potentially help you in that position. Unlock a world of possibilities with Babel. The language app stands out from the rest. In just three weeks you can start learning to speak a new language with the help of Babel. Their scientifically proven approach ensures you start speaking from day one making language learning an exciting and achievable journey. They do offer over a dozen different languages to choose from. Real language teachers meticulously craft each lesson ensuring you receive top notch expert guidance. Say goodbye to generic content. Their lessons are tailored to real world conversations. Babel prepares you for practical meaningful dialogues. It comes with a 20 day money-back guarantee. If you're not speaking confident within three days they'll refund you no questions asked. Choose a subscription that fits your lifestyle. They have options for everyone. Ready to embark on a language adventure? Join Babel today and make language learning an unforgettable experience. Click the link in the description to get 60% off and start learning today. The first step we basically need to build 16 entirely functional crossbows. Similar to my other repeating crossbow we're going to use bundled bamboo strips for the prod which is a little bit more economical than trying to forge them out of steel. Next the center spoke that all the crossbows connect to. Shoulder, round hole, round peg. Lastly the hooks to draw the bow strings back and fire. All right so we put together a little bit of a frame here to hold it. Should be able to start assembling it. This thing's going to be on this axle. We have the big wheel here. Cog. This is what all the crossbows will go into. On either side of that is going to be basically the mounting point for the strings that cock the arms. Cock. That's the right turn. Basically I'll go like this. These will be attached to the outer support so they don't turn. A little bit of an arms manufacturing to make 16 of these. It kind of makes it a little absurd I think that we have 16 basically working crossbows. You could just get 16 people and shoot them out once. As it spins rope attached to each of these will connect to the drawstring as it wraps around. Pull it back and then I think the challenging part will be when it actually fires. I think there's just going to be a lot of fine tuning. I don't think there's any way to like determine which angle and the full wheel that'll actually fire. It'll be a little bit of trial and error of getting the right length and kind of triggers that'll push the hooks off so that they fire. Ideally point it that way, not back at yourself. Dimenshi's drawings are a little big so it's not super clear exactly how to do this but hopefully you can figure it out as we put together. We did a little bit of a test fire without to see how well this is going to work. Some of the challenges though with this design though is just getting it so it actually fires at the right time and that's going to depend basically on the rope having it just the right amount of length so that when it gets to this point in the rotation it's tight enough and it's reaching the wedges to let go. It took a lot of force to actually get it to release it which is also kind of a pain and just spinning it with just one was took quite a bit of work. So there's some suspicion that if we put all 16 on here and we're trying to pull back a 45 pound bow on each of them that was a lot of resistance that might not be practical to draw everything back. So I thought now is to go back to the more traditional crossbow where it has a notch and then basically you're gonna we're gonna notch each and every one of these individually and then load it with the arrow have that held on and then basically have a triggering mechanism to push it out of the notch as it gets specifically pointing forward. It seems a lot easier to control the winnage fires I think will be the main advantage puts less pressure on the whole device to crank 16 crossbows all at once. It does make it harder to reload but I think even with the if we got the other design to work it would have been a pain to reload get each of these hooks back on the bow string and all adjusted correctly. So I think no matter what this is going to be a one-time fire thing we for a run at once and then that's about it. Doesn't make a nice team. So we've got that rigged with our our new design of the triggering mechanism where we have two boards here on each side and then we have a little metal trigger basically they'll go here as it goes down it'll push it up and release it from the notch and fire it. We're not really sure which way it's going to fire there's a lot of uncertainty in there so the arrows we've got tennis balls on them so we hopefully don't kill anybody. You try to minimize casualties by doing it indoors and targeting towards the wall here and then Elliot's going to catch it. Yeah I'm going to take all 16 of them.  Oh yeah really? Just two of them the trigger slipped out and two of them I just didn't have enough to fire them one two two with a bit of tweaking we're able to increase our fire rate to a little bit over almost 90 success and I think we got some real good proof of concept that this design does actually work looking back at the footage in calculating its rate of fire we're about 540 rounds per minute and the only real thing that keeps the rate of fire that low and not any higher is just the how fast that you can spend the wheel so if you get a little bit of momentum going you're able to get an even higher rate of fire then the obvious issue is that no matter how fast you shoot it it's only shooting 16 rounds so it's definitely a pretty limiting factor especially with the reload rate for us it it took over eight minutes to reload it although we were getting faster with each attempt I think if we went back a little bit more to the original DaVinci design with the actual hooks pulling down each one potentially you could make that still work at least as a separate loading step and pull back all the draw strings at once for us we're averaging around 45 pound draw weight on each of these so multiply that by 16 that's a lot of weight that has to be pulled I probably have to reinforce a lot let's actually pull that off and ideally to actually use this for more machine you probably want over 100 pounds so that is a lot of force to pull back all at once but you could potentially speed up the reload rate however you still have to manually place each bolt into it there's no reloading mechanism so even with some improvements it's still going to be a pain to reload so coming in at 540 rounds per minute actually puts it really comparable to the first machine gun the maximum which you're averaging rate of fire around 550 to 600 rounds per minute so this is right up there with actual machine gun rate of fire so that's pretty impressive so compared to my previous project of the chinese repeating crossbow that one had a much lower rate of fire so in terms of getting a machine gun like crossbow this is definitely succeeding a lot better that one I think is a lot more practical though because it's easier to reload you know a useful feature is you can actually aim it this thing is uh kind of stationary so there's definitely advantages for that and that's why it had some use in military but overall this device and that one never found wide-scale use and I think it's really evident just in building this when we realized that we made 16 fully functional crossbows would not be that difficult to just pick up 16 people to fire them especially because a crossbow takes a lot less skill than say a bow and arrow you can get a much faster rate of fire just 16 people loading and reloading these so in that regard I wouldn't say this is really the most effective war machine I think it definitely has an intimidation factor which is probably a pretty big motivator for actually building it but nevertheless it was really interesting to recreate one of the vintage more interesting war machine designs he has a lot more designs some as crazy as this so if you are interested in this type of content I definitely would enjoy exploring this a little bit more in depth and trying out some of his other crazy designs thanks again for watching thanks again to all my supporters on patreon without you this will be possible thanks for watching if you enjoyed this video be sure to subscribe and check out other content we have covering a wide variety of topics also if you've enjoyed these series consider supporting us on patreon we are largely a fan-funded channel and depend on the support of our viewers in order to keep our series going thanks for watching


G'day, how are you going? If you haven't been here before, my name is Tech. If you're a regular end subscriber, welcome back to Brutalosophy. As always, I'd like to acknowledge the traditional custodians of the lands that I live and work on, the Wajib people of Nungabuja. And today, I'm actually staying in Australia because I'm taking a look at the Blunstone 650 Chelsea boots. This is Blunstone's Model 650 Chelsea Lightwork Boot. As you can see, it's a Chelsea boot design, but not the sleep-dressy designer, say an R.M. Williams craftsman. It falls in that blunt-nosed, chunky-soled, work-boot side of Chelsea boots. That Chelsea boot design goes back to Queen Victoria. She asked her bootmaker to design a boot without laces, because her laces and hooks kept getting caught in her stirrups when she was riding. So her bootmaker, Joseph Sparks Hall, designed a boot that also incorporated the new invention of vulcanized rubber into the strips at the sides, so that she could pull on these lace-less boots and they stayed snug. This was reputedly in 1837, when Queen Victoria herself had only just been crowned at 18 years old. So you can see a trendy teenager asking to buck the mold. Joseph referred to them as J. Sparks Hall's patent elastic ankle boots, which is clearly a mouthful, and so they quickly became known as paddock boots. Not only did Queen Victoria like them for riding, she found them so comfortable that she started to wear them daily as walking boots as well. Sparks Hall in his book, The Book of Feet, A History of Boots and Shoes, said that, quote, she walks in them daily and thus gives the strongest proof of the value she attaches to the invention, unquote. In 1961, a London shoemaker to the stage, Anelo and David, created a variant with pointy toes and a Cuban heel, especially for the Beatles, to go with their Beatles suits, and they became known as Beatle Boots. Throughout the swinging 60s, particularly with their association with trendy people in the King's Road in Chelsea, they became more generically known as Chelsea Boots. Their association with outdoor activities never got lost, though, and particularly in Australia, Chelsea Boots were associated with riding and mustering, where R. M. Williams started, and also as work boots. In fact, the Wikipedia listing for Australian work boots says that the Aussie work boot is an elastic-sided boot, typically constructed with leather uppers bound together with elastic sides and pull tabs front and back. And as work boots, blunnies are definitely casual boots. So what do you wear them with? The water is a little muddy because while traders here still wear blunnies as the quick pull-on work boots before they climb on a scaffold or pour cement or harvest grapes. They have become a bit of a fashion statement. In recent years, blunnies have also become a trendy fashion boot overseas, particularly in Canada, the UK and the US. In fact, any reference to blunnies in those countries are more likely about fashion and casual wear, and not much about working in them. So outfits are entirely casual. Jeans of all types, work pants in Australia, khaki work shorts, with t-shirts, singlets and workwear shirts. I wear them for work around the yard at home as well as for an afternoon at the pub. So I usually wear them with looser jeans or work pants and t-shirts, or if I'm in the sun, long-sleeve work shirts. Or I team them with nicer clean pants and a button-down shirt to go to the pub. And if I'm feeling really trendy, maybe jeans and t-shirts and a jacket to wander into a winery. Okay, so where do blunnestones come from? The Blunstone family arrived in Tasmania, Australia in the 1850s, and John Blunstone started Blunstone and Sons in 1870, first importing footwear from England before making his own designs, supposedly all-purpose footwear for the factories, cobbled streets, and surrounding farms of Hobart. The business grew after they won prizes for their designs in the 1894 Hobart International Exhibition, and then during World War I became one of the contracted companies to manufacture boots for Aussie soldiers. In the 1930s depression though, the Blunstone family sold out to the Cuthbertson family, who still own the company today. The original 500 series Chelsea work boot was created in the 1960s, and the company continued expanding, making a wide range of Chelsea and lace-up designs, and by the 1990s there were factories not only in Tassie, but also across a ditch in the land of the long white cloud New Zealand. In the 2000s, and here comes controversy, the efficiencies of capital were too much to ignore, and they transferred manufacture of most of their product to factories in six countries around the world, in Vietnam, India, China, Thailand and Mexico. The six countries Australia, yes, they still manufacture a line of boots in Australia. They make gum boots in Hobart. In making the strategic decision, they say that they chose their partners carefully, including famous names like Lafarge, Canary and Leon Mexico, suppliers to Thursday. Apparently they ordered their partner factories treatment of their people and the environment, and have their own ethics and QC inspectors situated at the factories. Look, I'm economically trained and I can see the efficiencies of globalism. In fact, globalism is a capitalist, free trade economic principle, and it's actually protectionism that's a socialist based economic concept. Keeping everything in house is how communist countries keep their citizens fully employed and under control. One thing though, if companies save and make extra profits, there are two things they can do. First, they can decide to take the money and run. Those companies I do condemn. The second route is to take the extra profits and to invest to make a better product. To some extent, Blunstone seems to have done this. For example, the thermoplastic polyurethane of TPU's soul was well known for a chemical reaction called hydrolysis. All TPU is susceptible to hydrolysis where basically the chemical compound in the TPU reacts with water in the tiny pockets within the TPU. If not worn all the time and to some extent squeezing out the water molecules, the TPU will degrade and actually fall apart. Blunstone has spent a lot on R&D and improved their TPU composition adding more polyether, which is hydrolysis resistant. Their current TPU souls in the 600s and 650s are much more resistant to hydrolysis and degradation than the old 500s. This is one example of what companies should do when making savings and is in fact the real economic theory of globalism. Just not many practice it. This 650 model is a new replacement for the original 550 style. The original 550 was the same boot as the original 500, except that it was lined. The 650 is the same, this is the lined version of the new 600. While you can still get the 500 and 550 styles, the 600 and 650 will gradually replace them worldwide. The 500, 600 and the 550, 650 are slimmer models than their more popular 585 style and distressed brown. These are made in a softer walnut coloured leather. The source of the leather is unknown. I think they actually have several sources, including LeFarck as I said earlier. But it's a nice supple leather, which they simply call a premium walnut leather. It doesn't feel oily, it actually feels quite dry, and because of that I suspect it's chrome tanned, it's not oil tanned at all. If you look closely it looks like full grain leather because you can clearly see real pores and skin grain. It's not a particularly heavy leather. It's about 2mm thick, maybe 2.5 to 3mm with the lining. But despite that, it does feel strong and durable. I have worn this on sandy desert bush country, where it's been savaged by some tough dry brush. And I worn it while working in the yard and while it is scratched, it's withstood the light work involved. There are five pieces of leather, the vamp, the two quarters, the back strip and on the instep of V-shape insert, which gets around the difficulties of shaping the leather around the instep of a lace-less boot. The toe is unstructured, but the heel has a light heel counter inserted between the uppers and the lining, and then it's stitched in place. The stitching is a lighter contrasting brown, I think quite attractive, standing out against a darker walnut. The stitching is pretty good, I'm almost certain it's computer-controlled stitching, so you'd expect that. The elastic gore is actually quite good. I quite abuse these boots when I pull them on and kick them off, and they haven't got slack. The stitching onto the leather seems pretty strong. There are two pull tabs at the top, front and back, and they're embroidered with the blunt stone logo and the words Tasmania Australia. People complain this is misleading, but to be fair, and splitting hairs, it doesn't say maidenest in Tasmania. Here's something that is a little misleading though. On the website, and repeated by retailer websites, they say it's leather-lined. In fact, on one retailer website I saw, it said they were fully leather-lined for added durability, comfort and breathability, unquote. Well, not true. The shaft is leather-lined, nice soft leather. But putting your hand inside the vat, you can feel that it's lined with a cloth material, something fleecy. Inside the boot is a comfy foam footbed, and they give you two sets of polyurethane removable insoles, one flat one, and one slightly moulded to give you a little arch support. The idea is that you can fine-tune the fit and arch support by putting one or both of these removable insoles into the boot. The blunt is not technically a re-solvable boot. Apparently it can be done, but the environment aside, many might question if it's worth spending probably just as much as for a new boot if you want to re-solve these. The reason it's not easily re-solvable is because it's a moulded shoe that's heat-formed onto the boot. The boot is lasted on a machine mould and then put into a heat mould and the TPU is injected into the mould to form around the bottom of the boot. When cooled, it's a lot more hardy than cemented outsoles and is totally waterproof in my experience. The goring even will expel water for a while, so if you don't stand too long in water, you can stand up to the top of the boot and the water stays out. I find the lugs in the outsoles very practical. They're very comfortable, quite squishy, and they're widely spaced enough that they don't pick up rocks and gravel like a Vibram 100 Commander sole. So our Aussie tradies building residential housing can walk outside on sand and then go inside without tracking in a lot of crud inside the house. As for leather care, not a lot of it is required, well at least as a work boot. If you wear them as a fashion item and you want them to look reasonably smart, you'll have to keep them cleaned and oiled. You can saddle-soak them if they get muddy and dirty, the leather is tough and durable enough to scrub them with a nylon brush if you want. Let them dry overnight and then condition them. I reckon you can condition them with pretty much anything you want from big four to even heavier open offs because these won't darken by much. However, my recommendation is a leather balm and two that I've used that I really like is RM Williams' Saddle and Leather Conditioner or an Aussie product called Oakwood Leather Conditioner. It's cheaper, smells like eucalyptus, is easy to apply, absorbs well and won't give this type of leather a waxy, shiny finish. It will also waterproof the boot without leaving a film. Even better, it's made of natural products, tea tree oil, eucalyptus oil, beeswax, emu or even lanolin. Wipe it on with a soft rag or use your fingers, let them dry for half an hour or more, then buff them with a rag and if necessary brush them out as well. I'll leave a link to the Oakwood Conditioner in the description below. When it comes to sizing, Blunstone being an Australian company uses the UK Sizing System. That's one size numbered down from US Sizing Numbers. Sizing is a convention, isn't it? What you call an eight, I might decide to call a seven, but it still measures the same. What complicates matters is when bootmakers don't follow true to size measurements. They make a boot that is one size in measurement, but then they give them a different sizing number, which is why there's so much debate and angst in boot forums about sizing, where you might measure say an eight and a half, but the bootmaker calls that measurement an eight. Bugger me why they can't just stick to the script. Anyway, my true to measure on a Brannock device, size is UK seven and a half. That's equivalent to a US eight and a half. In most US boots that I have across the widest range of makers, I take an eight. The usual half size down recommended. That's UK seven. In Blunstones, I find I do the same and come down a half size down from Brannock. So these are UK seven instead of my true seven and a half. Blunnies don't have different widths. Their half sizes are in fact the same length measurement, but a width wider. So I really would not buy Blunnies unless you can try them on. If you have really average feet, then you can chance it probably, go a half down from your Brannock size, but otherwise get fitted. Ultimately, that two insole option that I talked about earlier, it can help with a little micro adjustment to make it fit. If you do get the fit right as I have with these, they are extremely comfortable. The instep lasting and the grip around the ankle with the tight gore is really secure with no hot spots. The wide toe box is great for comfortable toes. The TPU outsole with a firmer layer at the bottom and the removable insole give it a perfect squish and shock absorption. I can stand and walk in these all day. Some people think redbacks and other Aussie work bootmaker are more comfy. Hmm, wait until my review of redbacks coming up next and I'll have a bit of a look at that. There was no break in required. The softer sole and the supple leather as well as the good Chelsea fit meant that there was no heel slip and every part of flexing and moving, not to mention the overall lightness was great out of the box. I would mark comfort highly if you get the fit right. Taking a look at whether these Blundstone 650s are worth it. Let's first take a look at the price. I bought these from a store called Trades, literally a store for tradies to buy clothing, safety gear and footwear. They cost me Aussie $130 and they were not on sale. I see that their official website lists them for a recommended retail price of $175. But literally every retailer sells them from $130 to $160 on average. Now to me, that's a fairly cheap full grain leather boot. It's not good year-welded and it's not re-sollable but it has pretty good leather uppers. It's certainly durable. Watching my builder mates and clients abuse theirs. It's comfortable straight out of the box so you can wear them immediately over long hours. They are light and easy to get on and throw off. They're hardly handmade but that's why it's at the cheaper end. But the QC on all this presumably computer control process, it looks pretty good to me. How long will they last? I took a straw poll of my mates who have them. Those who wear them as a casual boot say they've lasted five to six years at least. Those who work in construction say they wear out after two or three years mainly from damage to the uppers. Those who work in pastoralism on a vineyard or on cattle yards say that they last three to four years. Not bad really. So overall are they worth it? At the Aussie price, yeah. I can't find 650s and 600 on US sites but they show 500s and 550s at around 200 US dollars up to 220. In the US, Ariat, non-safety Chelsea work boots are less than that and you can get a good year-welded Chelsea boot from Thursday at about the same price as the US blundstone price. In the UK, discount websites list them for around 150 pounds. You can see how product pricing works, can't you? Where blunnies are an almost throwaway tradies work boot, they're priced reasonably. Once they become on trend and desired by the many, prices adjust accordingly. I think if I lived in the UK or the US, unless I'm looking for exactly this very iconic Aussie shape as a casual, in-fashion boot, I'd probably question the cost-to-value ratio. So there you have it. These 650 blundstones are light, comfortable and durable. They're waterproof and protective. At least in Australia, they're priced right for the market. The TPU sole has been improved for the effects of hydrolysis and they seem to be reliable now. On the other hand, they're not easily resolvable and again in Australia, will probably cost you more to resell than the original cost itself. Now if you like this review, don't forget to help me out by clicking on the like button below. And if you're not subscribed yet, why not? Don't forget to click on the sub button as well. I have quite a few new boot reviews in 2023 and I'm also gonna make more brand comparisons and best of videos. So if you're interested in those, subscribe and stay tuned. Until then, take care and I'll see you soon.


Well, the new Tucker Carlson reaction video just dropped and we're going to see him react to the verdict of Derek Chauvin now he brought on a former police officer and This police officer proceeded to explain what I think is pretty obvious that Derek Chauvin very obviously and clearly used excessive force And since he wasn't telling Tucker Carlson what he wanted to hear Tucker then proceeded to throw a tizzy fit the likes of which We haven't seen I think ever from him and this got extremely awkward and a little bit creepy to be honest. Take a look See I just think that it was excessive What I did it looks like you spend the rest of his life in prison So I'm kind of more worried about the rest of the country which thanks to police in action in case you haven't noticed is like Boarded up That's more my concern and Gavin. Thank you. Nope done. Thank you. That was really weird. I Don't even know what that was and he started just like rambling incoherently towards the end there police in action Like all this weird thing. What's wrong with you? Like you can tell Tucker Carlson is genuinely becoming unhinged and He didn't like that his guest wouldn't just validate his existing biases.  I mean if given the choice between death and Living I'll be in prison. Don't you think that most people would opt to live but in prison? What about the sympathy for George Floyd? Derek Chauvin took his life.   We agree with that and then he said this and with every passing year There will be more people who look like me in the United States. You can't stop it So take your racist replacement theory and shove it In other words, you're being replaced and there's nothing you could do about it. So shut up The man is becoming unravelled and more unhinged by the day it's a It's entertaining at a minimum I'll say that but you know in that same episode the original episode where he was Reacting to the Derek Chauvin verdict.  Nonetheless, he brought on Candice Owens to bolster his point about how this verdict is just absolutely unjust and egregious which I mean Maybe they've seen a different video than the one that we saw Nonetheless, Candice Owens is then going to proceed to make a lot of very very silly arguments that will definitely make you lose IQ points to turn away now if you don't want that to happen Here you have to consider a murder case through the lens of politics when you get to that point. Haven't you already given up? civilization That's correct. And what we're really seeing is mob justice and that's really what happened with this entire trial This was not a trial about George Floyd or Derek Chauvin. This was a trial about whether the media Was powerful enough to create a simulation and decide upon a narrative apps and any facts Whether it was powerful enough to repeat showing and talking about a nine-minute clip that came from somebody's cell phone Without adding any context without showing the full, you know, the full police video which they could have released They refused to release the full body cam which would have added more clarity To the fact that the media was lying, you know, the media came out Let's not forget this Tucker the media came out and told us that this was a man who was just getting his life together He was a good, you know, good member of society and he got mixed up because a Racist white police officer had it out for him and killed him all of that fell apart All the facts came out and all of that fell apart We now know of course that he had enough fentanyl in him It was three times the lethal dosage three times lethal notions in him when he died but nobody cares because the media was successful and putting out a narrative and they kept hitting that narrative and the Reason why the Democrats are happy is because they realized of course the media supports them and now means the Democrats can get Whatever they want because they can create a narrative and then they can treat people like pawns and get them to basically say if we don't get What we want we will riot we will loot we will send these people out like soldiers to destroy Your neighborhoods and that is exactly what has happened That has been the determination of this trial the media and the Democrats now have enough power to bully to bully and to lie To and to create propaganda and to successfully win and that is what happened and they are celebrating that win today This was not a fair trial only one side no person can say this was a fair trial You just got to take three steps back and acknowledge that only one side behaves this way I mean a jury in 1995 concluded that O.J. Simpson despite DNA evidence hadn't murdered two people and there were no riots But more to the point there are a lot of people sitting behind Trump voters sitting behind bars right now have been for months charged Effectively with trespassing. We're not speculating. We've seen the charges You know Republican in the Congress stands up for them. Nobody mentions that nobody, you know is for prison reform when it's their political enemies That's not equal justice, but nobody says it. Why is that?  This is wrong. There has been so much that has been going on in this country. That is wrong. You talk about it I talk about it, but we do not have people that are sitting in Congress that are willing to take this fight where it needs to be taken By the way, you bring up Maxine Waters inciting violence I'm so old Tucker that I remember when a man said march peacefully and patriotically to the Capitol And that was considered an insight to violence, right? That was like, oh my god Stop the press get this person disappeared from social media because he is calling for violence Look at what Maxine water says. No one no one in the media is condemning these and condemning these marks That's same media that contend to condemn Trump and his supporters for weeks on end is now Defending Maxine Waters and we both know this is not the first time that Maxine Waters has incited violence Don't forget rush down if you see a Trump supporter You got to rush them down in the restaurants. They're allowed to do this They play by a different set of rules But it's because we allow them to play with that different set of rules I don't know where to begin but let's take it from the top First of all, I think it's very obvious that they didn't watch the trial because if you actually tuned into the trial I think that the prosecution very persuasively argued that it was obvious that George Floyd died Because there was a knee on his neck for almost nine minutes Not that we even needed that argument because we all saw the video But these idiots want you to not believe your lying eyes I know that you saw a man kneeling on a human being's neck for almost nine minutes. I get that I know what it looks like, but actually George Floyd's death was George Floyd's fault because according to us well He was a bad person and maybe it was a fentanyl overdose Which is weird because if you're gonna overdose on fentanyl It's really convenient for Derek Chauvin that it happened Within that window when the knee was on George Floyd's neck.   Can unilaterally be the judge jury and the executioner on Individuals that they deem bad in society Do you not believe in due process?  So you honestly think that a just society would allow folks to just kill people who they deem bad See it's obvious what she's doing. She's flipping it We're not thinking about what Derek Chauvin did. We're thinking about how bad George Floyd was now moving on Candice Owens then brought up the false equivalences and she outright lied about Maxine water stance and she claimed that You know the left they're not angry that Maxine waters insights violence basically on the regular I mean, she said we should harass Trump supporters now if you actually go back and look at specifically what Maxine waters said and take a look at the context around the conversation that she was having so When Donald Trump instituted his zero tolerance anti-immigration policy where families were separated There were DSA activists that showed up and they disrupted the meals that Trump administration officials were having individuals like Kirstjen Nielsen and there was this conversation at the time about whether or not it's justifiable for activists to disrupt the private lives of politicians who are doing terrible things and Maxine waters being a politician herself knowing that this could easily be turned on her said yes, you should you should absolutely confront Trump administration officials who are doing crimes against humanity now I have no idea if Maxine waters would be as consistent against Joe Biden I'd imagine no, but to say that she said that you should harass Trump supporters. That's not a misrepresentation That's an outright lie. That is an outright lie That's not what she said and Candace Owens knows this But Fox News audience isn't going to take the time to do a really quick five-minute Google search and see what she actually said Now but she claims Trump He's innocent. You see Trump He told his supporters quote to march peacefully and patriotically to the Capitol and that was considered an incitement of violence So I think that that's a little bit of an oversimplification to say the least about what Donald Trump said, but she claims that That isn't necessarily an incitement of violence or an insurrection But what Maxine waters said recently about the Black Lives Matter protesters and the result of the Derek Chauvin conviction that is definitely tantamount to an incitement of violence. Okay, let's look at what Maxine waters said We're looking for a guilty verdict and we're looking to see if all of the talk that took place and has been taking place After they saw what happened to George Floyd if nothing does not happen Then we know that we got to not only stay in the street, but we have got to fight for justice She added asked what protesters should do if there was no guilty verdict water said protests should continue We've got to stay on the street and we've got to get more active. We've got to get more confrontational We've got to make sure that they know that we mean business She said in an interview with the griot that was published on Monday morning Walters said she was nonviolent and said her remark about being confrontational was in regard to changing the justice system in the United States I talked about confronting the justice system confronting the policing that's going on. I'm talking about speaking up. She said I'm talking about legislation. I'm talking about elected officials doing what needs to be done to control their budgets and pass Legislation waters told CNN on Monday evening that her reference to confrontation was meant in the context of the civil rights movements Nonviolent history saying that the whole civil rights movement is confrontation So now you have the full context as to what Maxine water said now Let's try to interpret what she said in the least charitable way imaginable, right? So when she says we have to stay in the streets. We have to get more confrontational one might think is she is she asking? Supporters who are in the streets to confront police officers get up in their faces because that would actually seem really bizarre for someone In her power or in her position with her stature and power to say because she knows what will happen If protesters get in the faces of police officers who brutalize them regularly They're gonna be injured possibly killed by police officers So even if we interpret what she said in the least charitable way imaginable It seems seems really unlikely that that's what she said Still even if you think that what Maxine waters said is tantamount to an incitement of violence Then of course you should definitely think that what Trump did after repeatedly lying about the election being stolen Telling his supporters to march to the Capitol and be strong You have to think that's also an incitement of violence, but Candace Owens does not believe That Trump incited violence she said that Trump told them to march peacefully and patriotically to the Capitol So Donald Trump's words definitely didn't incite a riot definitely peaceful Maxine waters, however, definitely is incitement. Definitely not peaceful.  In fact, what they what they say here is actually pretty predictable It's right in line with what we saw from other conservatives, but you can just there's this underlying Sense of Dread in their faces.


Instructors have to listen to that brass on him. Yeah, I checked my other uniform that happened on heavy duty. You're a lot of men. I hit my funny bone. Better off seeing it with a black hop. Dragon? Alright, when you come... I'm gonna search this for you. The black targets. You see them? You got them? Yes. And your hat. On the actual lens. Oh, this? Yep. But you need to focus it to look in downrange. Your helmet? You gotta loosen your straps, tighten the rear. Yes. Can you see downrange? I can see downrange. Alright, cool. Can you see?


Combat support training ranges offer a unique opportunity for airmen to perform both non-technical and technical skills that are not afforded at their home stations. Unit LED training enables squadrons to learn from one another and absorb knowledge outside of their day-to-day roles. Watch this video to hear more about how multiple different AFSCs came together to become multi-capable airmen through unit LED training. Our purpose being here is to be a beta test unit for the combat support training range. We're using this combat support training range as an avenue to do the non-technical and technical skills that are not afforded to us at home stations. The terrain that we have out here, the fob, we don't have anything like this back home so it's really great to be able to get real-world simulation experience. Unit LED training is a phenomenal way to help train small team dynamics problem solving. Before we were practicing just our own capacities, but now we're having to learn what each other knows and what our abilities are. We're now being more time efficient because we have people doing one thing that maybe our rental unit didn't know that somebody could do, so we're able to get to place the amount of work done. We blended 13 different AFSCs this entire week to get after the multi-capable airmen aspect of training. The purpose of our unit being here is to learn each other's job and be able to move around from island to island. To be able to lay down in the airfield, build a kitchen, tense, plumbing, electrical, be able to provide power. We try to make it easier for each other to learn. CE has a MST squadron that they have. It's kind of getting some of the same training as we are. They get them on par almost where we are at so they wouldn't have to rely completely on us or if we're not able or they're in that location they can sustain themselves as well. It's been a great takeaway knowing that we're learning what CE does and that CE is learning what we do and then working together as a team. I would encourage units to take advantage of this. Use these platforms. It's a pretty rare opportunity where you have this giant of a playground to exercise any training aspects, training scenarios. I think it helps our unit in the long run. I think it will help everybody in the long run.