Teresa and I'm back with another video, but this time I'm actually gonna have my dear friend who's begging and pleading me to do this video. I'm gonna have him do it. He's really cool and I hope you like him, so I'll hand the camera over to him in a second. Hopefully he's not too weird, but in the meantime, if you were interested, you could check out my personal channel, which is up will be listed in the description below. Thanks so much and I hope you enjoy my friend's company. Hello, my name is Dr. Psychology. You can call me Dr.ology for short. I received a letter in the mail today from a friend of mine. Let's open it. Dear Dr.ology, whenever I come to your house, it always smells like old spice. I can never smell what my house really smells like at home Why is this? Please help. Love John. Well John, you see you're not the only one with this problem. I can't smell my own house either.  No. And you might be thinking to yourself.   Your nose is subject to subtle changes.  In a way, you can think of these smells as almost a kind of threat or a surprise if it's a different kind of smell. Your nose will tend to smell it more strongly than other scents. A psychologist who did an experiment, the psychologist's name is Pamela Dalton. And Pamela Dalton took a few people, gave them a piney kind of scent to put in their room for a long period of time. And after about two weeks, the people claimed to not be smelling it anymore or the scent was going away. The scent was still there. They became almost desensitized from the smell because it's been around for such a long period of time. And it's not your nose that's in charge of this. It's actually your brain. You see, your brain stores memories and memories can be triggered by different smells. So if you smell something such as a scented candle, your brain will take that into account if it keeps being used over and over day by day, your brain will just say, I don't need to keep focusing on this smell. It's nothing new. It's nothing exciting. So goodbye. In a way, I guess you can say it's kind of good for your brain to be nosy. This kind of event or occurrence is called sensory adaption.  And you might also be thinking to yourself, well, then how can I smell what my house smells like? Because I want to smell it. Well, did you know that it's possible? I went on a fishing trip not too long ago and I was just catching fish for a week. I came back to my house and it smelled.   It's a good thing that your brain does what it does.  But John said that my house smelled like old spice. Oh, oh my goodness. Oh my, oh my goodness. I forgot these were even here. Look at all this old spice and it looks like I'm running out of time. Catch you next time. Where is the button on this thing?


You're watching FJTN, the Federal Judicial Television Network. Coming up on Court to Court. Most people see the federal government as the big, bad government. We're ought to get them. And we need to let them know that we're here to help them. We're here to provide as much information as we can to make this as easy for them as possible. The Constitution and Laws of the United States of America. This is Court to Court, your connection to what's happening in the federal courts around the country, providing information and ideas that will enhance your job and how the courts function. Now with today's program, Michael Burney. Welcome to Court to Court, the Federal Judicial Center's educational magazine program for all court employees. Today, we'll learn how two different courts make customer service successful for both customers and staff at the front desk and desk. Bob Fagan returns with more words to know and will experience how one court makes naturalization ceremonies very special. The courts have many clients. And while it's easy to give lip service to the concept of good customer service, it's harder to actually do it, especially for the folks who must deal directly with the public every day. The bankruptcy and district courts for the District of Idaho share a combined court executive's office which promotes a culture of service throughout the organization. We visited the Boise Division to see how the staff emphasizes customer service and why. It's important to the court for the good customer service from our intake staff because we are the ones in the public eye. You guys are, thank you very much. Should I tip it? You don't have to tip it all. You should have a nice day. We're the ones, I think, that carry over the image to the public for the most part. Most people see the federal government as the big bad government. We're ought to get them. And we need to let them know that we're here to help them and that we'll answer their questions, that we're friendly and we are here for them. We do work for them. Good. I got your message on your certificate of service. Well, I think the court as an institution really derives its ability to function and perform its constitutional task from the confidence which the public can use in its integrity, in its efficiency and in its fairness. And I think that all starts not just in the courtroom but really in the front counter. We're the first and we may be the only part of the federal courts that the public sees. They may never see a judge and we will be the federal court for the public that comes up and sees us. I think it's important that the entire court system have that same commitment to public service. It is important for our chambers to provide great customer service to the bar because we interact with the bar every day. And it's the right thing to do. I only got one litigation plan from the other side and it wasn't stipulated. The district and bankruptcy courts are combined in Idaho. Court executive Cam Burke says that the intake counter is in always the busiest place in the office. But we staff it to the maximum workload rather than the average workload so that we have a sufficient number of people there so that our customers don't have to wait a long time. Hi, how are you today? I think the hardest part about dealing with the public at the counter is being able to listen to their problems and listen to their stories and just finding out exactly what it is that they want while they're here Just trying to help them. Make them feel at ease because I know that they're nervous, confused at times when they come up here. Any questions? Thank you. I have 15 days to get all the schedule. Yes, ma'am. 15 days from today. You can't. Yes, ma'am. And this is your copy. Again, do not lose it. Okay. Hang on to that. Anybody have any questions or whatever, just have them give us a call. Docket Clerk Wendy Massuri says the hardest part of handling phone calls is answering questions to the caller's satisfaction. Sometimes I could give them the answer and they're not happy with it. They want more. Sometimes it's not what they wanted to hear. Okay. I found your objection. It's already been assigned to District Judge. Sometimes it takes a lot of time. Sometimes a 30-second question that should have been finished in 30 seconds can take several minutes. Okay. Just be sure that whenever you change your address or they move you from one institution to another, it's imperative that you let us know that you have a new address. She credits training, experience, and common sense for her success with callers. Just patience, understanding, you have to listen. You have to be sympathetic to the caller. Well, sometimes you get prisoners or other pro-save people who don't understand how the court works and they can get mad. And you just have to let them... It doesn't bother me that they're mad. It can just be difficult until they've said their piece. And then you can help them find out really what they want and help them. It's very important when someone's angry to let them tell you why they are upset. The most important thing is to listen to them. Okay, so he just forgot to hit the right box. Just as some court customers can be angry, others can be afraid, says jury administrator Joanne Cook. So when I start my orientation, I try to joke with them a little bit and make them feel at home and let them know that it can be a very positive experience and that our staff is there every moment of the time to help them out if they have any questions or problems. I just try to keep a smile on my face and make it easy going for them, especially for the pro-save people that come in here. They really don't know what's going on. You know, you make them feel comfortable coming to the court and you make them at ease and treat people with respect. Welcome to Ten Ways to Cool Off the Hot Customer. This workshop has six objectives. The court uses a variety of resources to train staff in the nuances of customer service. Training coordinator Susie Butler starts this workshop by asking staff to imagine they were customers. What were the things that you wanted when you went into that office? I would want somebody that would be able to calm my fears about what the process is or what I'm going to be going through. I think the best part about being here with the courts is that you can learn on the job. Mentoring is a big part of what we do here. I just try to explain it to the best of my ability and if I can't do it then they still don't understand me then I get one of my co-workers to help me out. I need to know if I also need to file a substitution of counsel. I wasn't really sure if... You're getting new counsel? Right. Or you're representing somebody? Yes, I'm not the... But we've delegated to them the ability to make decisions that every point the customer has a question. A copy goes to you and one copy goes to the financial department. I need two extra copies. I'll fold a copy for you this time. Thank you very much. Another relatively simple way to please attorneys are these mail slots which are assigned to firms that deal daily with both bankruptcy and district courts. And the runners come in each day and do their filing and pick up their attorney's mail so that they have it in a very timely manner. The attorneys like it because when a court order comes down today, they have it today. This also saves the court a great deal of money in postage and envelopes. The court uses its website to conduct surveys of both the public and the bar. A recent bar survey had a 25% return rate. They gave us good ratings, but they also let us know about a problem we were having in a couple courtrooms with the audio systems. We also had an accessibility issue in one courtroom and it let us identify that so we can start addressing those concerns. When they come in, they may think they're going to get average service. We want them to leave here with excellent service. U.S. courts, may I help you? Still ahead on Court to Court, we'll hear from the bankruptcy court in the Western District of Washington about dealing with the public. We'll brush up on Latin in the law and we'll see how one court makes naturalization ceremonies a memorable experience. In the bankruptcy court for the Western District of Washington in Seattle, Court Mark Hatcher says that cultivating good customer relationships works to the advantage of everyone. His staff extends itself to provide the best possible customer service, whether for the public, attorneys, or anyone who calls or walks up to the intake counter. Bankruptcy Court, how may I help you? Hi, the archives line, both of those lines, 1083 and 1114. That may be. Is there something I might be able to help you with? Judge Glover. Okay. Okay, so he wants to send an original motion. All right, so you're going to give the originals to him? Oh, she was very gracious with me. I had lots of questions and she answered them all. I thought I'd made empty errors. Every time I've been here, I've been treated very courteously, asking for the files or filing documents or whatever. I feel we have an obligation really to the institution that we treat people courteously that we appear professionally and that we provide them with accurate and timely information about court procedures. Hatcher also says that the court is at the upper end of the scale in the number of pro-say filers, 20 to 25%. That makes it especially important that court staff deal well with the public. Bankruptcy is a very administrative process. Many of the litigants will never appear in a bankruptcy courtroom. They'll never go before a bankruptcy judge. So, for many of those people, their impressions of the bankruptcy court is determined by their interaction with court personnel. I called last week and they said that there's a special form that you can request a trace of the letter or a trace of documentation. It was really good. It's better than dealing with a lot of other government type agencies. I'm really glad I called ahead of time and told them what I wanted so they could tell me what I needed to ask for. We need to provide the best service possible. A lot of these people are coming in because they've had bad luck. They've gotten down in their luck and had to resort to bankruptcy. We're here to provide as much information as we can to make this as easy for them as possible. I like to let them know this is not an everyday occurrence. People shouldn't have to know all of this information. That's why we're there, to be able to help them. In either event, you'll need to call the Federal Records Center in advance. Okay. They house the records for all these federal agencies. The most important thing is just to stop what you're doing and make eye contact and make the person feel comfortable and give them the service that they deserve. I'm going to step over to this computer and show you where you can find mailing labels in the CMECF system. Court Services Supervisor, Montez Curry, emphasizes that training is the key to making sure employees know how to do the job and are confident in dealing with customers. I always found it a little difficult to understand why the court system puts the lesser experienced people out on front lines. When I moved into this position as Court Services Supervisor, I made it one of my top priorities to make sure that everyone who works at the intake counter actually has the tools and the training to do the job. That's thorough training. It's cross-training and case management, cross-training and finance to make sure that they know how to answer all the questions they're going to get at the front counter. Job related training for the intake staff is done by their immediate supervisor. They also use FJC video programs. We make use of several of the FJC package programs, including is it legal advice which helps free people up to feel comfortable about what they can say at the front counter. During new employee orientation, one of the things that we will do is go through the video series called How Cases Move through the bankruptcy courts. And within this video series, there are a couple places where the folks at the front counter are in a real sticky situation and they handle it wonderfully. So we stop the tape and we talk about that. Training to handle phone inquiries is no less important, Curry says. When we're training a new employee, we don't put them on the phones right away. We team them up with an experienced operator and we do put the phone and speaker phones so that the trainee can hear the question and we make sure that the trainee is comfortable and is ready to take over the phones. We just don't throw them at the phones and abandon them. Okay, I'm sorry, were you saying D is in dog or G is in goat? I have a dusty clerk. I don't have... With the telephone answering, a lot of times, we engage in a little bit of idle chatter, information, how is the weather type thing. I think that makes things... It just gives your day a little more personal touch, gives you a little bit better feeling about contacting that agency. I think it's really important to give them the feel that they can call us and get their questions answered. I think the single most important thing that we do to make sure that our staff gives good customer service is we focus on the little things. One example is a suggestion box. Hatcher's office tries to learn from the not so good comments and celebrates the good ones. We'll go out one of the morning huddles for the court services team and we'll celebrate the fact that they provided good customer service and we'll try to reinforce that with everyone. We're getting more and more of these all the time and I want to know what your secret is to giving good customer service. The secret to giving good service is pretty simple. Don Price says... Basically, you just need to remember to treat people the way that you would want to be treated. Are you training with your whole office? I am the whole office. You are the whole office? Good for you. The hardest part is probably trying not to view the public as an interruption and then dealing also with people that want more advice in terms of legal advice than we can provide. So it's difficult to know the answer but not really be able to provide the legal advice that people need. There are times when they ask questions, legal questions, and we can't give them legal advice but we can sure give them a list of attorneys they can talk to. If we have a pro se debtor, a debtor call-in or potential debtor call-in needing an assistance, legal advice and they can't afford it, we do refer the customer to the debt clinic and the debt clinic will do an assessment. According to Curry, it's important for staff to feel a sense of investment and autonomy in their work. You need to listen to their ideas. You need to take action on their ideas. They need to have the freedom to make their own judgment calls and if you have a happy employee at the front counter, they're going to help the customer with a good attitude. They're going to feel good about themselves, good about their employer and their environment. Our supervisor specifically encourages to, as does the whole court, that we really go out of our way to provide excellent service and if that means giving something that's a little bit above and beyond, then we go ahead and do something just for customer service' sake. In that segment, training specialist Diana Rodenberg mentioned how she uses some of the center's packaged programs, including, is it legal advice? That program presents several guidelines for answering public inquiries, each illustrated by court examples. Another program to consider is Expert Customer Service. Participants learn a variety of skills in situation analysis, flexibility, persuasiveness and customer sensitivity and they develop plans for improvement. For more information about either program, call Phyllis Drum at<PHONE_NUMBER>. The language of the courts takes many forms and covers myriad situations and possibilities, reflecting the range of human activity. Here with a couple of unrelated terms, is my colleague Bob Fagan. Today, our first term is pro-hagviche. That's right, Latin again. This expression is used in state courts and all federal courts, appellate, district and bankruptcy. You may also see or hear it as admission pro-hagviche. Pro-hagviche means for this occasion offer a particular purpose. It's most commonly used in reference to an attorney who normally has not been admitted to practice in a particular jurisdiction, but for a particular case, is admitted temporarily and can serve as a lawyer in the case. Requests for admission pro-hagviche and appointment to that status are fairly common. There is a time limit on an attorney's pro-hagviche status. It's only for the life of a particular case. After the case is concluded, that attorney does not have the authority to practice before the court again, unless, of course, another request is made. Both state and federal courts, including the U.S. Supreme Court, have rules governing pro-hagviche admission and practice. An attorney must request admission through a motion of the court. The attorney must be in good standing and admitted to practice in another court. A local feat of the court is often required. Even if an attorney is admitted pro-hagviche in many districts, he or she has to be associated with local counsel. Our other term today, rits of execution, commonly is used in bankruptcy courts, but is not limited to them. A writ of execution is a means to enforce the judgment or decree of a court. The phrase often is used with garnishment, so we'll consider both of them. A writ of execution is an order from a court after a final judgment has been entered in a case. In bankruptcy proceedings, the writ directs seizure of the debtor's property to satisfy a money judgment. That property could be money, vehicles, real estate, stock, and inventory. The attorney for the party seeking the writ makes the application. Because it seeks a court order, that party is referred to as the movement party, the party making the motion. You know property or goods that are part of a final judgment might exist in a jurisdiction other than the one where the judgment was rendered. But a writ of execution must be issued by a court in the district in which the property is located. So before a court can issue a writ on a judgment by another court, the so-called foreign judgment must be registered in the court where the property is located. Once granted, a writ of execution is given to a law enforcement officer. At the state level, it's given to a sheriff who serves the writ and sees that it's carried out. At the federal level, our friends and colleagues at the U.S. Marshals Service are given that responsibility. Here's an example of a writ of execution issued to a marshal noting the specific requirements. This writ is from the U.S. Bankruptcy Court from the Western District of Tennessee. And now for garnishment.  Rather, garnishment is issued when an entity other than the debtor has personal property that belongs to the debtor and that may be used to satisfy a money judgment. Such entities are usually banks and employers, and the property is bank accounts and wages. Again, the attorney for the party seeking the writ, the movement party, requests the garnishment. Once granted, a sheriff or U.S. Marshal sees to it that payment is made directly from the debtor's employer to the bankruptcy trustee. A certain percentage of a person's net income may be deducted from his or her paycheck until the judgment is satisfied. Here's a look at a standard order for garnishment. In the case of bank accounts, the garnishment directs the bank to transfer money to the bankruptcy trustee. That's words to know for this time. I'll be back with more in a future Court to Court. Many courts around the country make special efforts during naturalization ceremonies to involve the community and display patriotism. There are perhaps as many ways to do this as there are ceremonies. We visited one in the District of North Dakota. The Fargo Division of the District of North Dakota usually has a naturalization ceremony in the spring and another in autumn. The day of the ceremony starts early for the new citizens and for immigration and naturalization service officer, Minnie Ewald. No, I don't need that, just your green card. Has anything changed since the interview? Ewald's final check includes collecting green cards from those who until today have been resident aliens. New citizens understand the freedoms and opportunities the United States has to offer to them. Many of them come from countries where they're not able to speak their mind or they are unable to better a situation in life. Has anything changed since the interview? Ewald then reviews the list with Chief Judge Rodney Webb pointing out family relationships and employment information, which he often uses during the ceremony. We try to do it in a way that's dramatic and put on a little show. The United States District Court for the District of North Dakota Southeastern Division is now in session. The Honorable Chief Judge Rodney S. Webb presiding. God save the United States and this honorable court. I got to be kicked out of it. It's fun, I look forward to it. The courtroom is always packed for this proceeding. This special session of the United States District Court for the District of North Dakota is convened on motion of the immigration and naturalization service for the express purpose of conferring citizenship. On 30 petitioners will soon be our own brothers and sisters. We celebrate. Judges don't have many things to do that are really enjoyable and I don't do adoptions. The state court judges do adoptions. I do naturalizations and I try to keep it light and hopefully people have fun doing it. I think a lot of people are surprised. Each new citizen is asked to stand when your name is called. Any of those in the audience who are here with these people stand, clap, yell and scream if you'd like. By taking the oath of allegiance, that is a legal and symbolic commitment to upholding the democratic principles. All applicants have been approved by a duly authorized officer of the Immigration and Naturalization Service and have been found eligible to be administered the oath of allegiance. By the court, Elena Vilensky from Ukraine. Elena is a nurse at Merrick Care, right? Fourth and fifth graders from two schools also attended. Inviting students is a long-standing practice that Judge Webb believes does two important things. Expose them to this citizenship demonstration and keep our ceremony light. Mona's a professor at Concordia. Got a lot of tuition money over there. And I think people get an impression about the judicial system that's important. Hopefully a good impression, but that the process is a thoughtful one, but a joyous one. Natalie Charles from Haiti. Father, mother, it's a great time. And one in which a high-ranking official will rejoice with them. It's not just an administrative thing that you sign a piece of paper. It is my privilege to administer the oath of allegiance to our new citizens. Will you please stand? Raise your right hand. And if you'll repeat your name, please. Hereby declare that I will support and defend the Constitution and laws of the United States of America against all enemies. It's to be heavy stuff, doesn't it, folks? Foreign and domestic. And I take this obligation freely. And I take this obligation freely. And without any mental reservation. And without any mental reservation. Or purpose of evasion. Or purpose of evasion. So help me God. So help me God. Congratulations. I am the very first to welcome you to this country as new citizens. Welcome home. The day's featured speaker was Dean of the University of North Dakota's Law School, W. Jeremy Davis. He spoke of the rights and privileges of United States citizenship. Including the guarantees of its freedoms and the protections of its laws. He added that if they disagreed with any of the laws, they were free to voice their opposition. No one will punish you for expressing your opinion or exercising your right to try to change those laws. The court also invites local chapters of several national civic organizations to participate in the ceremony. People who aren't afraid to stand up and say, I'm a patriot. I like being a citizen. And you can like it too. And you can say it out loud.  That's good. And these folks are giving an example for the nation. United States of America. These words have special meaning today to the tragic events of September 11th, 2001. Especially the word United. This is what America is about today. All people in this country standing together united. In the past, these organizations bought token gifts for the new citizens. There were so many items that the judge commented.  So the veterans of foreign wars came up with this idea of the tote bags and they have them embroidered. Other speakers reminded the new citizens of a common bond. We want you to remember that the United States and especially North Dakota and especially Cass County, most of our ancestors were also immigrants. A quartet from the North Dakota National Guard closed the ceremony. Judge Webb likes everyone to join in. Even after the official ceremony, Judge Webb enjoys making the day memorable. Very nice. It was, I felt proud, excited, happy. Well, first of all, it tells me that I belong. You know, it feels really good. It's a time of pride, very proud to be a citizen of the country with all the freedoms that gives to all its citizens. A very great day. Terrific for me. Canadians are my great too. The respect for liberty and for freedoms is different down here. The Constitution is a lot different. Even just the patriotic attitude towards the country is different here. What were your feelings today during the ceremony? Great. Why? Because I became a citizen. And what does that mean to you to become a citizen today? For me, freedom, a nice life, a nice future. That was wonderful, even. I'm really happy. I'm excited all this time. For me, it was exciting. I have more freedom, more opportunities, I'd say, actually. The school children aren't limited to being spectators at the day's events. Judge Webb fields their questions long after the ceremony ends. Why do people have to stand up for it? They don't. It's a courtesy and it's custom. And I've had cases where people would not stand up when I came in and that's their right. The court's efforts to make the ceremony meaningful are always rewarded. And I fulfilled my dream. Much more freedom. And Americans are open. So that's why I like it. I love it. It's my greatest feeling. I am so happy. I was going to cry. For you, why? Because I consider this country my new homeland and I want to be here forever. I felt really blessed to be given this citizenship. I'm really proud to be a United States citizen and to be part of this country that grants rights, equal rights to every citizen regardless of gender, race, religion. It's really great. That's all for today. This year we'll bring you court to court four times rather than three. We'll have new programs again in May, July and October. We're always interested in hearing from you about topics you want us to cover. And also hearing your evaluation of the program. Please contact us at the address on the screen. Click on court to court to select the evaluation form. There are two forms. One can be printed, filled out, and mailed or faxed to us. The other can be completed online. Both forms invite your ideas for future topics. Among the topics on the next program, we'll learn how several courts have made accommodations for staff with disabilities. And a moment in court history returns with a sedition trial for slander of our second president. On behalf of everyone at the Federal Judicial Center, thank you for joining us today.


We're here today in January. We've got a really cold day. We woke up to somewhere in the teens this morning. We're in the 20s now. We're coming out here today to look at some of our fields and pastures and to talk a little bit about pasture cropping, rotationally grazing, our animals and how that can benefit them and benefit our soils. And so in this field that we're in today, we planted this in our area in Arkansas around the first week of September. And so what we do is use our livestock to try to overgraze and suppress our perennial pastures so that we don't use any herbicides in the process. Then we no-till our winter annuals and cool season grasses and the diversity of mix into our pastures again around the first of September. And usually by about the third to fourth week of November, we're able to start a grazing regiment on it and we will filter through our farm on the first grazing and then continue to put our cows up for some haying while the cool season grasses rebound and regrow. And so there is about 15 species out in this pasture. And like I said, we've talked how we do that for animal nutrition, but we also do that to build our soil life and to create this whole ecosystem that just works from start to finish. And so with each one of these plant species, not only does it give the animal what they need, but each one of them puts its own nutrients back in the soil so we get calcium and magnesium and we pull nitrogen out of the air. So we're going to look at some of these and you can see through here we have winter wheat and we have rye and we have legumes, we have winter peas in here, we have some kale, we have some radish. And as you can see some of when I'm getting through here planting into a perennial pasture, we get some of these greenery, but we also get some of the perennials that are still growing at the end of the year. And so the cow is able to get some dry matter and fiber along with the greenery. And that helps a good balance diet and gut health for the animals as well. But what we see as we go through this is this diversity of mix gives all the vitamins, all the minerals, all the nutrients, they get all the energy, all the protein, all the fats. It literally maximizes the nutrition to the animal to help us enjoy our experience when we sit around the dinner table.


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Tom here from Lawrence systems and Broadcom purchased VMware now the best thing that happened out of all of this was the shareholder meeting where they made some very clear announcements that they were going to be rapidly moving from perpetual license to subscription and pretty much ignoring everyone but 600 customers that are most profitable because it would be the hardest for them to change and By hardest to change these switching costs of moving your infrastructure They mean they're going to raise prices on those people and they're not likely to move away from them And I really appreciate that they are very upfront about their plans that most of you don't matter and those of you that are using VMware at least and that they're going to simply raise prices to Make up for the money. They want to make with the company. It's a great strategy in terms of making shareholders happy It's not the best strategy of making IT people happy There's plenty of chatter about it, but I'm not here to commiserate with all the people and the VMware and everything going wrong with Broadcom and how they're doing it I'm here to talk about an alternative solution to that problem and that is XC PNG and probably you're going but Tom That's that thing that Citrix did and I didn't have a great time with the way Citrix handled it And neither did I that's because Citrix. Well, they kind of did the same thing They actually had a point release version upgrade that changed your license on a point release to reduce features that they then decided to charge you for because Citrix, I don't know why they did that but nonetheless throw away Citrix here comes XC PNG and the team behind it That's what I wanted to talk about today is the VATES team the XC PNG Zen Orchestra how this open-source platform works how it's Licensed or actually not licensed because it's open source It's under an open-source license so the softwares all free how they charge for service delivery and support because yes That's an important factor for those of you in the home lab. You're like great I can get everything for free for those you want to test it You can test it all for free for those of you that have businesses that you can't just drop something And unless it has a support contract a level of guarantee and response times They have that too and that is what they charge for is the level of support and service delivery model Not for the software itself and that's one of the reasons. I think they're a really interesting Alternative they also are probably a lot further along than you may remember Citrix being in terms of functionality So we're gonna cover some of the details compare it directly to VMware and ultimately Let you decide because I'm not here to influence your decision I'm just here to drop some information Put some facts together and then you can ultimately decide if it's a fit for your environment And if it's a viable VMware alternative for you before we dive into the details that video Let's first are you an individual or company looking for support on a network engineering storage or virtualization project Is your company or internal IT team looking for someone to proactively monitor your system security or offer strategic guidance to keep your IT Systems operating smoothly not only would we love to help consulting your project We also offer fully managed or co-managed IT service plans for businesses in need of IT administration or IT teams in need of additional support With our expert install team We can also assist you with all of your structure cabling and Wi-Fi planning projects If any of this piques your interest fell out our hire us form at Lawrence systems comm so we can start crafting a solution That works for you if you're not interested in hiring us, but you're looking for other ways You want to support this channel there's affiliate links down below to get your deals and discounts on products and services we talk about on this channel and Now back to our content Now the first thing I want to start with is who is vates and what does their team do and we're gonna go ahead and click on Products here, and I'll leave links to everything I mentioned in the description down below But they deliver XC PNG and they develop Zen orchestra both of these are open source and XC PNG is the actual hypervisor tool you load on each host It's very lightweight doesn't have a lot of management tools in it to do things Alternatively, you can't manage it completely from the command line if you'd like to and it's like I said a hundred percent free But does offer pro support and incident support Zen Orchestra is the really important orchestration tool that manages XC PNG Also open source also if you'd like to compile it yourself and I have videos I'll link down below so you can completely do a from source build or If you are looking for support and a service delivery model where they take care of all the build They take care of all the updates and offer you support. They sell support for Zen orchestra. The pricing is all published on their website I'm not gonna bother showing that because it dates the video because prices are always subject to change in terms of support But as far as a license fee there is not an actual license fee to get started with this This makes people who want to use it in their home lab pretty excited about it It's a really popular among home lab people It's extremely scalable and if you want those extra paid support as I said are so important for business Those are features they offer now the relationship is one to many that Zen orchestra has to the number of hosts It's not a one-to-one relationship one instance of Zen orchestra can manage many hosts hosts are grouped into resource pools One instance of Zen orchestra can manage many resource pools It can even manage them remotely and this is just something I want to point out from an architectural design of how Zen orchestra works you're actually able to take an instance of Zen orchestra and Manage your clients infrastructure in cases of the way we can set things up We can have our system remotely managing it because you're probably thinking well if it's got backups and everything in there How do you transfer that across like a VPN? Well, that's the cool part They even have an entire proxy system that allows you to have one instance one single pane of glass and then remote data centers Remote server locations where you have other hosts and resource pools put together But then they're still managed through ones and orchestra instance This is a really good way to do it and with the what they refer to as a proxy worker You can still have all your local storage local backup targets because yes Then orchestra has full backup disaster recovery including a video I did on automated disaster recovery testing where it does a backup and then restores it to another piece of your Infrastructure or the same from which it was backed up so you can validate your backups Not just with a little check some validation, but actually restore them in an automated way All of that obviously doesn't work well over a VPN unless you have the tools that they've built out for things like proxy workers So if you have a really advanced environment, you have one central location But you want to manage all of your remote locations your backup jobs They actually have an entire architecture that supports that and as I said I'll be linking to the videos where I've covered these topics in a series of videos I've done with Zen, but let's do some direct comparison here because these are the important features that you are looking for If you're using VMware, you need to know does Zen orchestra and the xcp and g together support these features Web console for VM management. Yes, this is all a web interface. That's how it's managed with Zen orchestra You can manage all the xcp and g hosts basic VMM in live VM migration, of course live VDI migration Yes, you can keep it running on a single host But then migrate between multiple storages as needed. Not a problem to do that. High availability. Yes Clustering high availability all supported. No extra licenses needed It's something that you can completely use the free version and get high availability compile everything yourself I've got videos on how to do it and videos right demo at working console view VMware ASXI xcp and g's and orchestra hyperconverged solution vSAN versus exoSAN more news coming on exoSAN soon They're working on some new versions of it. But yes, they do have a product for that tool updates Automated updates. They've actually done a great job of building in automation to updating and rolling through the pools moving and shuffling resources and Keeping the thing up to date in a very automated way. I love the way they do it They make it really easy for admins to all do through the web panels thin provisioning Yes, that's supported as well depending on the different storage types You have health check role-based administration ACLs SSO ACLs self-service or scheduling tasks These are some really clever things you can do because yes You can tie it to whatever you have for authentication So you can have multiple users managing the interface and then have access control lists So you can control what they can manage the scheduled tasks is crazy what you can do in Zen architecture real diverse in terms of resource planning and Scheduling for where you want things to shuffle around really great features They have around that This is where you have to think about the total cost of ownership Even if you were paying the subscription for the year support with that Zen orchestra next CPNG versus VMWare Basic backups is kind of what you can do in VMWare But nothing compared to the Delta backup file of restore continuous replication and load balancing all offered inside of Zen Orchestra these features are because they've wrote a really nice Backup system and having your backup integrated into your hypervisor management tool Written by all the same people means the close tight integration allows for a lot of different options Including quick Delta backups offline snapshots where you can shut down the VM. So it's in a solid state Backups with memory. I like this feature a lot because you can actually take an instance as it's running Do the backup image of it and then you can even restore it to its exact running state so that moment in time can be captured and That's that tight integration with one company writing all of the software. They know how all that works So you're not relying on the third party and all this is inclusive with these and orchestra tool the recent video I just did the other day because of the new feature they had on the Restore validation is just really impressive and shows where they're going These are ideas that came out of the interaction I have with the community The team engages a lot with the community via forums or very public being that it's all open source now my overall feelings ends in orchestra obviously very positive and I'm very bullish on it We've migrated many many people from VMware one of the clients that we did some consulting with had 2100 virtual machines and they said well the new price increases This was over about a year and a half ago when VMware did some of the up the price They said this kind of hurts our bottom line because part of their done part of their business model is selling low-cost VMs through a series of hosting options they have and it turns out it just really cut into their marketability of their product they were offering and their migration they were not only impressed with the performance they were Kind of blown away at the extra functionality and features and it actually made their management of all these VMs Substantially easier across several data centers. They have in Europe so we've absolutely seen this I'll leave links to some stories that are right on the XCPNG teams blog posts where they talk about people who migrated who moved over to different things. They've got user stories Unfortunately money of the big companies you've worked with say here's an NDA So you can't like use us as a showcase some of the larger companies we have done I'll just say that there's from very company big companies You've heard of that we've definitely helped consult with XCPNG on it's impressive Some of the hardware that the people have built it on it does scale. It has really solid support from the team So if it's something you're thinking about if the new changes of VMware really don't set well with you Or you're part of the well You're not part of I should say the 600 customers that they said they care about you're part of the several thousand people who use This and go wow, I'm not gonna get new features But I am gonna get a substantial increase with their rapid move to a subscription model And you're just not happy with it. Check out XCPNG. My recommendation is grab some servers load it up build a lab See if you like it migrate some things over it does support Import of different file formats including some of the ones that you can export from VMware alternatively when you're Setting up different platforms and different machines. You can simply clone them I've talked about doing it with clonezilla that there's plenty of commercial tools out there Or maybe even whatever backup software you're running You can just run the backup tools and restore it over to an XCPNG Oh, so it's actually not as painful migrating as you may think Well, I'll leave links all the videos I mentioned the articles from the Register that I'm kind of pull some of those quotes for they also have a link from the register over to their earnings Where they talk about it and where register sites all their sources for all the announcements for VMware Like I said, I thank them for being so forthcoming about exactly what they plan to do because no one wants to hear sunshine and rainbows Just tell us how much you're gonna raise the price and they did they said they're gonna raise the price So thank you for being clear on that and thanks everyone for watching links down below and everything I mentioned more in-depth discussion how to go to my forums and Thank you for making it all the way to the end of this video If you've enjoyed the content, please give us a thumbs up if you would like to see more content from this channel Hit the subscribe button and the bell icon if you'd like to hire a short project head over to laurance systems calm And click the hires button right at the top to help this channel out in other ways There's a join button here for YouTube and a patreon page where your support is greatly appreciated for deals discounts and offers check out our Affiliate links in the description of all of our videos including a link to our shirt store Where we have a wide variety of shirts that we sell and designs come out? Well randomly so check back frequently and finally our forums forums dot laurance systems comm is where you can have a more In-depth discussion about this video and other tech topics covered on this channel. Thanks again for watching and look forward to hearing from you


And second, having a pressurized cartridge and more surface, and more surface contact, contact surfaces, and more surface contact, contact contact contact contact contact. Having a pressurized cartridge and more contact surfaces, services, surfaces, closed cartridge forks, on the other hand, provide a less progressive damping, and are a lot more focused for racing, since they produce, they provide, and are a lot more focused for racing. With a compression base valve placed on top, isn't perfectly clean when you service your forks after a long period of time. Also, the cartridge will be already dilated, which will eliminate most of the pressure. While the compression base valve is fixed at the bottom. Now on to how you want the shock to react. It all comes down to how? Part of the rear, fuck! Don't forget to subscribe, it's not that you don't forget, it's subscribe right there and there! Since the shock has a... Look at that! I'll put it on your head. I know. Thank you, I didn't know. It doesn't look like it. since the shock has a quite small stroke length compared since the shock has a small stroke length obviously the great breakthrough isn't turning the cartridge upside down but it's how they made it closed ah how they have made it closed right how they close it but it's how they close it okay but how they have made it closed how they close it how they close it and the inner tube and any which can give a harsher feel especially for half-road use I this volume of air is particularly useful to this this this this is an open this is a close cartridge fork and although it obviously the great breakthrough isn't how they turn isn't turning the cartridge upside also the cartridge will be already dilated which will mow ah because I'm putting most and still eliminate the stupid is by in theory the cartridge is closed hence closed cartridge but it isn't completely sealed as the name implies in terms of manufacturing they are less expensive to produce and since it's a quite simple system they have a little bit of trouble you'll easily understand how a shock works if you haven't if you what if you watch the last off-road engineered videos shock has pretty much the same components as a front fork both in compression and rebound since and rebound since you don't have it system allows the shot so the way so the way so the way we set the different adjusters will create damping at different rates at different moments of compression at different rates and at different moments of compression it all comes down to how how you want the shock to react react to the different inputs of the terrain


It's time now for Mountain Music, being brought to you by the Mountain Arts Center, the main stage of the Country Music Highland. I've been up and down the river, seen the highways and back roads. This country sure is beautiful, but a byway. Eyes of gaze upon some land I thought I'd never see, but it feels like someone else's life and it don't. I'm so tired and technical, the motel's watching, late night talking shows, lately I fell. Well, NJ, I just finished it up, the early part of this year, releasing it strictly through my website, Nicholasjamerson.com. I think the last three years I've just gone through this process, this awakening, becoming more reacquainted with my true self, with Sunday Best, a lot of things. That whole thing just happened so fast and so there was just a lot happening and not really being able to experience things and then have the time to really reflect on it, to experience growth. I sure have missed my brother, he just turned 26 years old, and I often have to ask myself just where the little clayboy goes. Yeah, I know that you can stop or slow the pace of someone's age, but to me it ain't worth the missing just to have more. I feel like that's what the record is about, is just getting back to that whatever that authentic self is, just trying to be that and just live in that and whatever, not being afraid of being that because again, being in the Sunday Best situation, it's like people want you to be that all the time. They want you to be the lead singer of Sunday Best all the time. That's not who I am all the time. It's like that's a part of me, but that's not who I am ultimately. It's just one thing that I do and a long list of things that I do, so the record I think is a reflection of I guess this time is growth. I'm just trying to figure out who it is. I am what's best for me personally, professionally, whatever that is. I wasn't consciously trying to write a record with life lessons, but that ultimately for me it's a whole, it's a reflection of the realizations that I have sort of been going through over the last three years. This ain't my bed.


Marine and great and this will be recorded so if anybody hears anything today they want to relisten to or want to share it with their friends or family or colleagues please feel free to do so. I'm delighted to be here I'm going to share my screen and please ask any questions you would like to cover in the chat or the question box. And super excited to be back here at the San Francisco Public Library. We did a presentation similar. Well, in this of this flavor last summer. Today will be together for about an hour so please ask your questions. As they come up and we'll engage with them along the way. So today's topic is investing to benefit people, planet and trust. And this includes your retirement portfolio and your 401k, especially since that could be 1020 3040 years in the future. So investing for the future of where things are going. It could be beneficial, not only to help you in your portfolio but to help people, planet and trust. I want to thank Doreen and JP, as well as Leah, the librarians at San Francisco Public Library, and let's get started. As Doreen introduced this is all for your education and information if you want any specific investment recommendations please check with your investment professionals at hip I may registered investment advisor, which means I'm regulated by the government. And that means we're not going to we're going to act in the spirit of like your doctor and your lawyer to educate you about things that make sense for the future. And also remember this is not an offer of securities and past results are not indicative of future performance. So while we're all here today is that each of you are investors in some way, seeking sustainability or impact, or there's a term today called ESG environmental social governance. You may have heard terms in the past like socially responsible investing. Why are we here we want to solve problems in the world for people and planet and trust through everything that we can do, not only how we shop and what we buy a lot of us do that. By where we work, some of us work in places where we can advance people planet and trust how we vote, obviously want our leaders to lead on this front. So you can do this in your portfolio, and you can do it in a little medium or big way. So we're going to talk through a variety of topics today about how you can do that in your portfolio. And again, please ask questions, but some of your questions maybe how can I actually do this in my portfolio.  What about this new infrastructure policy and funding, and how do you make sure that we all have an equal opportunity. So our aspiration is cover these questions and more today. So, this is the San Francisco Public Library, of course, the library has books and resources not only this webinar but these are two books that we've authored and edited over the past decade plus so on the left is the hip investor book which you can find in the library both physical book or you book. There's also an audio book that's been built into more than 2000 university curriculum around the world. And it's actually in libraries in 23 countries. So Google has a cool tool to do that and check that out. So last year we had the launch of our second book, the global handbook of impact investing. And that brought together 50 different authors from around the world, impact investors, social entrepreneurs, academics. And so it's a detailed approach to doing this in portfolios portfolios for individuals for foundations for pensions and the like, as well as your 401k. So either these books are available through the public library so as well as you can purchase them for your own collection. And as I mentioned this global handbook of impact investing. It's actually 1300 pages it's bigger than war and peace, but there's more peace than war, and it's really a how to, and how to invest through your portfolio in a way that can be beneficial to people and planet and trust. We not only write about impact investing we actually review other books so here are some other books that you might find in the library as well Bill Gates of Microsoft has written a book how to avoid a climate disaster. I actually like this book a lot.  There's another book Janine Furpo wrote activate your money. She gives a sort of step by step approach, which includes some of what we do at hip investor. There's another book called Making Money Moral from the Wharton School Press that's my alma mater as well the Wharton School of Finance. There's a book called Grow the Pi so one of our topics today is around people so Dr. Alex Edmonds wrote a whole book about how to invest in people and companies that are positive with people. And then some of you may be familiar with the concept of donut economics. And of course this not only tastes good, but it's a way of looking at the economy of how to support people in the middle. And to grow that outwards while being sensitive to the environmental constraints on the outside. So this mix of books and resources, if you're interested in doing this can get you deeper and deeper into the topic of investing for impact sustainability and people, planet and trust. All right, so let's talk about the plan. Let's get started with this we are continue to have the hottest year recorded on record while we're keeping records and for the past couple of eons the hottest records that have been recorded out of the ice in the Arctic and Antarctic. Now, a way to talk about this some of us may have colleagues or friends who are skeptical, or even government leaders who are skeptical. And a way that I think everybody can help understand what's going on in the world is to translate it to our own body temperature. Currently, we're on a path to have right now we are already at two degrees Celsius higher than the long term average of when we've been collecting temperatures, and that two degrees Celsius is almost four degrees Fahrenheit. Now our normal body temperature is 98.6 degrees. So if you had a four degrees above normal, your temperature would be 102 degrees, you definitely feel not well. You would likely have a fever, you might go to the doctor might go to hospital, but you would definitely want to take it easy taking it home be on the couch. Now what we're talking about is that fever could last for the rest of your life. If we're talking about global warming, and how that's going to interact with the planet, and it's not just going to feel hot. It affects our oceans as oceans heat up that actually changes the ecosystems in the ocean it changes the krill that fish can eat it change it can change the jet stream, it can cause melting of glaciers. And some of those glacier meltings maybe even cause volcanoes like this week in Tonga, all part of the Pacific Rim play. So, when we talk about traditional investing that traditional investing, if we don't do anything different, we could be on a pathway to four or five or six degrees Celsius higher than today. That would mean seven to 10 degrees Fahrenheit. That would put us our bodies if our body was the earth that would put our body temperature at 105 or 109 people don't survive 105 109 temperatures and so that's the risk with our planet today. So, and to make it even a little bit more personal. One of the things that we do in our everyday work is look at climate threat, but also climate resilience. So this is a map of the US. There's 3100 counties broken up on this map, and it's color coded green yellow and red. The red are the portions the geographies of the country that are more at risk from climate more at risk to sea level rise more at risk to extreme weather events, but not only more at risk to that less resilient. So you can see a cluster of geographies in the south and southeast that are not taking climate action today. They don't have a renewable energy policy in the state they don't have climate action plans that are that aggressive or that funded. And so these are risks to your portfolio. So I don't mention all of this to depress us but really to focus us to give us a vocabulary, and to motivate us to take action with our own portfolios and then to bring other people along, especially maybe those at your work in your 401k or 403 B, or your pension. So on the next page is there's some frameworks for starting to evaluate how companies are polluting and how they're contributing to things called greenhouse gases to carbon dioxide to methane to nitrous oxide to hydrofluorocarbons. And all those things you see at the top there with the big letters and little numbers. Those are the chemical compositions of the pollution that's created in industry in driving and operating the energy in our house. And these actually can all be made an equivalent. And that equivalent is a frequently called greenhouse gas emissions. So you might see a term called GHG for greenhouse gas emissions. Or sometimes it has a little E on the end for equivalent. And what it's intending to do is to say, what are all the environmental chemistry changes from burning gasoline in our cars, or in our mopeds, or by cranking up the heat in our house. Or air conditioning in our house that when that energy burns companies who do that when they manufacture products. That's called scope. That's what a company inherently does inside the borders of its company. Then there's something called scope to, which is the energy that you buy either from Pacific gas and electric PG&E, or that you might get from solar panels. And then there's scope three, which is once you use this product. What are the impacts. And by the way, once you buy from suppliers. So let's take Apple Watch or an Apple iPad or an Apple iPod. If you get the box to that product, and you look on the back, it says designed in California and made around the world. When you look up the greenhouse gas emissions of Apple, which it calculates and shares. So you can see that Apple seems to have a low footprint. But in actuality Apple's footprint is much higher, because Apple's footprint doesn't declare the pollution that is associated with producing it in its suppliers so that's part of scope three. And then there's companies, you may all of us do laundry and wash some of us may use tide detergent several years back. And that makes tide made cold water time. And the reason why they made cold water tide is the hot water that goes into your laundry takes energy to burn, and that energy is frequently made by fossil fuels. So cold water tide actually reduced both the energy usage and the greenhouse gas footprint. So there's products in the marketplace today that can help us live a more climate focused life. And then those companies could be potential companies to invest in in your portfolio. And then there's a group called science based targets that is a is a group of four nonprofits including CDP carbon disclosure project. They collect these greenhouse gas emissions reports from companies and also from cities. Nonprofits like the World Resources Institute. And so if you go to this website the science based target website, you'll see more than 1000 companies committing to targets that their targets based on science meaning we need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and pollution. So, and you can see examples and sort through examples there. And that's part of what we do at our work at hip investor is we examine those companies and what they're promising. So one of the promises is actually from Levi Strauss, Levi Strauss has promised that they're going to reduce 95% of their greenhouse gases by 2025 so four years away. That's a lot of work to do. And they're not there yet, and they have a lot of reductions to do. Another company is a healthcare company called Novo Nordisk. They say they're going to reduce 100% by 2030, less than 10 years away. So that means they have to reduce 8% per year, every year, year after year for the next decade. And they have tools in the garage from Stanley black and Decker like a drill. They also have committed to 100% reduction by 2030. So science based targets is a way for companies to get serious to take climate action. So encourage you to take a look at that and if you buy any stocks that's one resource that you may want to look to see who's serious and who's not. And then there's maybe some stock funds that prioritize that type of information. All right, so one more setup of what's going on today. Last time we did this we talked about with the, with the library webinar in San Francisco we talked a lot about inflation. We may talk a lot about today about infrastructure. So the new infrastructure bill this is the one that's passed in 2021 has a lot of money for transportation to revitalize roads and bridges to ensure that both passenger rail and freight rail. Are maintained. This is actually, you know, if some of you may drive a Prius, you might get 50 miles per gallon on your Prius. When freight moves on a train, it's 500 miles per go. So it's 10 times better than a Prius to move things by freight, including whether it be people or cargo. There's money for airports waterways is money for low carbon and zero mission school buses and ferries for electric vehicles. So this is money that's going to start to flow out to spend on infrastructure. And so this will be another benefit to those companies that are involved in these business businesses, potential benefit to them. So broadband to expand broadband so more people have access San Francisco we have pretty great access here. That's not the case across all part of the country. There's making the power grid more efficient both power plants to be more renewable but also the grids remember last year when the snowstorm hit Texas that took out the power grid. There was a storm coming in New Orleans in the hurricane New Orleans lost power for a couple days because all 10 transmission lines went out. Those are those fat transmission lines that you see sometimes, which you can see in the East Bay sometimes water resiliency and things like legacy pollution so there's a meaningful effort to allocate money to things that solve problems. And some of these can impact and benefit your portfolio. There's many crises of our time. And again, I mentioned this not to depress us but to focus us and to motivate us because there's solutions in each of these clusters. So the crises of our time cover health and wealth, earth and equality and trust. There's the health crisis of COVID. There's the wealth inequality crisis and the push for $15 or $20 an hour. Bank of America is committing that all its employees will make no less than $20 an hour target retail stores has committed that employees will make no less than $15 an hour. In some states in the US minimum wage is as low as $7 or $14,000 a year. That's a poverty wage for nearly everybody. There's the earth crisis of the climate crisis like we've talked about already. There's the equality crisis racial equality gender equality, and there's a trust crisis there's increasing. There's a growing uncertainty with our leadership systems. So these are five major things. Now, we can, and how we shop and where we work and how we vote, but also how we invest, we can solve some of these crises. So the three topics that we'll cover and happy to answer any other questions in the chat box if you have them are there's new metrics of solving problems. There's innovative ways to invest, and there's multi sector solutions. So let's get into this and feel free to answer questions and JP and marine are putting in links. If you want to learn more either about the books we showed science based targets. So a quick portfolio lesson. When you invest in a company. You invest in their stock that stock. If the company is public and on the New York stock exchange or the NASDAQ or other exchanges is called public publicly listed stocks. That's what this chart is going to show. So first companies that are publicly listed Apple, Google, Facebook, McKesson companies in California and San Francisco. For most companies, the majority of their stock market value is not based on the buildings that they own or the inventory that they have those are in accounting called tangible assets. Most of the value is from people, planet and trust. It's very tangible like we're not wearing the Harry Potter cloak of invisibility that were intangible, but to financial statements to accounting treatments. People are intangible. People are not an asset on the balance sheet, they're a cost on the income statement. And this doesn't make sense, because people invent products. People work on teams. People serve customers. It's very tangible. The company would not make money, unless you hired good people to do good work for customers who come back. Because if you didn't, you'd run out of customers, unless your monopoly. So what has happened over the past several decades is that the value of the stock market attributed to people, planet and trust is now 84% of that stock price. And so we need measures what we call new measures of value. So those measures of people, planet and trust you can see the categories on the left. One of the things that in financial language we say people as an asset, people as an asset we've all heard CEO say people are our most important asset, but they're not an asset on the financial state. So that's we have you ever hear somebody say that, call them out on it. There's natural resource efficiency, there's oil and water and energy, but there's also greenhouse gas emissions. Not all of those are tracked very well. In fact, water is usually underpriced oil now is going up in price right now. But the energy we use. There's not always like an energy scorecard inside a company to track them. And then there's things like trust like what is the diversity of our teams and who do we choose as suppliers and our people suing us inside a company. Governance and stakeholder management, it's also called transparency because some of these things are viewable and some are not that. So what's important for investors like you is to look at these measures of people, planet and trust, because they're actually drivers of future financial return and future financial risk. So as an example, 92% of companies have a diversity policy. This is actually pretty easy to make a policy, even though 100% don't have of the largest 500 companies in the S&P 500. But only 19% have actual diversity metrics externally published. This is a problem if you don't have a metric to track. So there are companies in the Bay Area like Visa, Apple, there is something called the EEO1 statement. I'll type it in the chat. EEO is for the Equal Employment Commission and the EEO1 form, if you type that into your search browser, you type in EEO1 and pick a company. If it exists, it'll pop up. So if you do that for Apple or Intel or traveler's insurance or Visa, what you'll see is the number of employees, men and women, separated by rank. And if you do it for Intel, you'll actually see their pay grades. And so there's categories of pay grades. So this has been one of the positive outcomes of last year's racial protest is that there's been an increased pressure on companies to share this information that was previously confidential between the government and the company. And that is now being open source. So go look at that, even companies like Chevron have a scorecard for this. So if you look up Chevron diversity, you can come to a diversity scorecard and Chevron actually is pretty diverse. You may not agree that Chevron's fossil fuels are beneficial for the environment, but what you can see is that Chevron hires people of color and women and promotes them throughout the organization. All right, so that's an example of a new metric. That's important, because companies who are publishing this type of information, then can be held accountable to when it gets rewarded for when it gets better or penalized when it gets worse. And in your portfolio, you may have some mutual funds. And so looking at those mutual funds or exchange traded funds, and seeing if your mutual fund manager, like a Parnassus, or a Calvert, or a Pax, or a Van Eck is using these types of metrics to inform their portfolio choices. You can also see who, how much they're paying their CEO. So CEO pay has been very public for more than a decade. The Securities and Exchange Commission mandates disclosure on what CEOs are paid. And the AFL-CIO, the union trade organization, tracks that. The unions care a lot about what CEOs are paid. The average, as a public company, companies pay their CEOs about 250 to 300 times the average worker. The median worker actually is the, and that sounds like a lot, and it is a lot. What some of the work that we've done with a nonprofit called asusow, asusow.org, is to track how overpaid CEOs are, and to call out what the implications of that is. And so for the past seven years, overpaid companies with overpaid CEOs have underperformed. So one of the rules of the road that you could use in your own portfolio is what are CEOs being paid?  And in general, they are not. So you can find all past six year reports at the asusow.org site, and the seventh one will be coming out in February. So we'll have a webinar about that. Okay, so let's move on. So these slides will be available for you afterwards. You can read through and ask questions. You can also go to the hip investor site if you want to see more of this research or read the books we talked about. So what about the progress on diversity? We talked about 92% of firms having diversity policies that floats in the high 90s. You know, I'm sorry to say the good news is we're up to almost 20% with targets, but it used to be less. It used to be 10 or even five. Women in management is another category. This is a little bit easier to do. Most companies show you, tell you who their boards are. You see photos of who they are. And so generally you can tell what the proportion of women on boards in management and on staff. So while there's 50% of the population that's women versus men and there's could be 50% or in the employment case, more than half the employees actually 50.8% of the workforce is women. We only have 39% of women who are 39%, 33% or 26% of women are staff or managers, or even on the board. So even though women are more than half the workforce, they're not reflected. Sorry. Women are 50.8% of the population. Sorry if I misstated of the population, but they're less than half of the workforce, less, they're about a third of the managers and they're about a quarter of the boards of directors. So these are gaps to close. These are from 2019 and this data unfortunately takes a while to collect so there'll be updates for 2020 and 2021 soon. But yes, this is from 2019. So those are some new metrics. These are metrics that you can look at with your investigating personal companies, or if you are investing in funds like might be in your 401k or 403b, the you can, you can read those fund manager reports or look at the fund website to see if these are trackable metrics used by the manager. All right, so what's happening in investing money is starting to move here so the number of sustainable funds is going up in the amount of money. And so, COVID helped accelerate this and sparked this so in 2019 there was a jump up as the climate issues started to hit, and in 2020 with COVID, there was a big revelation that yes this is important we need to worry about people and trust. And that type of sustainable investing is this incorporation of what we is called ESG, environmental social governance for people, planet and trust. And if shareholder advocacy shareholder advocacy means you're voting your shares that you own in the company. And to do that, usually if you're in a fund, the fund manager does it. If you own the stock you usually need to own enough. If you own a share of stock, you can vote that share of stock shareholder advocacy also means you can file a proxy which means you can put something on the annual shareholder meeting. There's an increasing number of these around the environment around fair pay about restricting CEO pay about the diversity inside a company. So you'll see some of those you'll get either email electronic or on paper in the mail, voting your shares you can vote for the boards of directors. They usually ask you to vote on the audit or the financial reports, and then some of these will pop up around people, planet and trust so definitely pay attention to what you own in your portfolio. So who tracks, who discloses how many companies disclose this type of information so there's more than 11,000 companies around the world that discloses information, more than 3600 in the US. Most companies in the US are disclosing something, they may not be disclosing everything but they're disclosing something. And then you can see around the world some of those companies, you can buy stock in the US, some of them you can buy on foreign exchanges, or you can buy funds of those companies stocks through mutual funds or ETFs. The way that you can think about this is there's more than 2000 academic studies that have that show that positive treatment of people planet and trust, generally creates a stronger financial return for those companies or those funds, and typically lower risk. It's not every company and it's not every time period, but on average, if you use this type of thinking your portfolio, thinking about the future, paying people fairly, treating the environment as some place we want to live in, not pollute and ensue, for example, and trust those companies are stronger. And what we found recently is as we're tracking job losses, the more sustainable companies are losing fewer people, and the more extractive companies on the left are losing more people and paying them less. Sustainable companies can be stronger. And so there's something called the green jobs report that we help produce monthly with academics at University of Missouri Kansas City and Denison University, and the Global Institute for Sustainable Prosperity. So that green jobs report will be one of the links that Doreen and JP will share with you, which is also at the hip investor site. Okay, so to put an even finer point on this, some of us who are older may remember there were these commercials about which is the better soft drink Pepsi versus Coke. Now I know these are full of sugar and maybe we don't drink them today or don't treat them as intensely, but we can do a Pepsi Coke challenge around sustainability. One of the super interesting things is Coca Cola is a company that has sales beverages in 200 countries around the world. Coca Cola is also interesting in that they've helped put in roads in Africa and Asia and other countries that needed development, so that they could deliver Coke, but they created a society benefit to deliver those products by putting in the roads and helping the production of the maintenance of those roads. Pepsi is a half food and half beverage company. So what's interesting about this chart is if you look at the waste, sorry the water number on the bottom. Coke is all beverages Pepsi is half beverages half food, but Coke uses more than four times the water per million dollars revenue. I think that maybe they use twice the water from the beverages but they actually use four times the water. So Coke is less water efficient than Pepsi is at least per dollar of revenue. And Coke has a slightly higher environmental footprint despite producing beverages and not food. They use more energy despite producing beverages and not food. So in this case we'd say Pepsi is at least on environmental metrics, slightly more sustainable, not a perfect company, but more sustainable and those more sustainable companies tend to do better over time. So this is what it looks like on the right hand side. If you use people planet interest metrics. In this case we're using the hip investor rating that we do every day for 11,000 companies and more than 100,000 minibons 700 real estate companies and mortgage back securities in companies. What you can see is the more sustainable companies at that rate higher on the right can generate higher financial return and the less sustainable ones on the left, sometimes you know frequently generate lower financial return. So if your portfolio reflects more sustainable companies versus fewer than a your portfolio could be less risky and have some stronger financial returns. There's a lot going on today. 2021 last year was the year of a lot of companies committing to a thing called net zero net zero means that on a net basis they would have negative emissions so they would plant lots of trees or they would purchase carbon offsets that would offset that. I think as investors we need to go for absolute zero, not net zero but absolute zero. And that means shifting transportation to be more electric from oil and gasoline, putting in place energy efficiency to bring that down new building materials. And they have heard now that natural gas stoves may be banned soon so that we can put in electric steps, which is, you know can be beneficial if the power that's being produced is more renewable. So there's lots of players in the ecosystem here, more than one out of $5 that's invested globally is invested in this way to be sustainable there's an increasing number of choices. There's frameworks now called like the sustainable development goals the SDGs that you see there. We'll get into that one more second. There's ratings providers of companies from Morningstar MSCI or hip firm that I lead. And then there's ways to do this at the city level to fund climate action and so there's place based investing and green bonds. These are all possibilities for your investment portfolio. There's bond funds like a green bond fund from Van Act. There's a sustainable muni bond fund from Van Act as well. That's one of our clients. There's firms like Parnassus that have a endeavor fund that focuses on great places to work. And then there's also funds that focus on investing in women companies strong with women like the she TFS he. So these are all ideas to explore to see if they're right for you. And you can do this across your whole portfolio, you can do this with your cash so for example if you have cash in the bank today. If it's in a big bank, it's probably making close to zero. You could put that in a community bank. You could put that in a credit union credit unions and community banks tend to make loans to local entrepreneurs versus local companies. You could also, there's a group called CNOT at the website my CNOT and why CNOT. And so CNOT. If you invest in them they turn around and invest in community banks and community development financial institutions. All right, so I'm going to take a pause here because there's a question or two in the chat box please feel free to put in your questions we have another 15 or 20 minutes to go here. Someone writes a long term investor in mutual funds with Domini impact funds any comment about Domini. Domini is led by a woman named Amy Domini. She's been active in sustainable investing and social responsible investing for decades more than three decades. So there's a real focus to only invest in positive businesses where possible to avoid negative businesses like oil companies or nuclear companies or defense companies. They're also active remember when I talked about voting your shares and filing shareholder proxies they're active on that front. Domini is one of the stock funds and bond funds. And so, yeah, it's something to check out Domini is one of the providers of that. And you might find the good news is you'll find additional choices these days you'll have Domini funds, Parnassas packs, Calvert and others. What there's tools so one of the tools that we're going to talk about in a minute is something called fossil free funds.org.  What's the gender diversity of the funds in your portfolio. Are you contributing to deforestation so that's all put on by, as you so. And they also have a website called fossil free funds that will lead you to how to invest your values. So that's a great resource where you can type in the name of stock funds. They don't yet do bond funds, or you might be able to type in the ticker. If you have a 401k. You may or may not find an exact match there. Either because that fund isn't covered or it's going by a different name, sometimes the names of funds may, even though they have the same holdings may be slightly different. All right, feel free to put any additional questions hopefully that answered your question about Domini funds. I just wanted to share with each of you we're going to share these slides. You can do this across your whole portfolio. You can bank at banks in the community or CDF eyes. You can seek out social impact bonds or micro finance or green bombs. You can look for sustainable real estate and sustainable real estate funds. And then of course you have stock funds of all types around the world. And then for some of you that do private investing there's also venture capital funds and private equity funds, as well as sustainable forestry there's a group called farmland LP. And recently we rated farmland LP which does sustainable farmland as one of the most sustainable companies we've ever seen, according to the ratings that we do. Excuse me, Paul. Yes, go ahead. Sorry. There is a question in the chat it's way at the beginning and it just got sent to me so I'm going to read it. And then you can answer it. Okay. Could you please talk about social investing without paying fees to a financial advisor or company I'm asking because I read that AI is just as good as monitoring funds as people. I don't know the answer so I'll just. All right. Yeah, there's several components to that. So can you invest sustainably or is responsibly on your own. Yes, of course you can. I see there's a question here about is there a recommendation whether to use fidelity or E trade or Schwab. You can use any of those Schwab and fidelity E trade and Ameritrade. But for example, they many of the things you can buy you can buy for almost no, almost no or no fee. So there's a lot of zero cost trading that's possible of stocks and of some not all funds. One of the things to be super careful about. This includes like in your fidelity 401k. Some of the sustainable funds that I'm talking about, if you have the fidelity 401k at work, and you try to buy them. They may have an extra fee, like a $50 fee to buy it. So you want to buy enough where that percentage fee makes sense. However, some of these have what's still called a load, which is like a sales commission, and you're basically handing over one to 5%. So you want to make sure that whenever you buy a fund, there's no load, no sales commission, no load, and where possible, no fee fees might be okay. If you're putting enough money in and on a percentage basis, it might make sense. But the more you can avoid fees for better. All right, now what about using an advisor. We're an advisor so a little bit biased, but we're also a fiduciary fiduciary means we're like your doctor or your lawyer. We give you advice, like it was our own money. And when we act as an advisor. We're usually invested in same things as our clients we invest first to test it out and, and then our clients, we feel comfortable after we've tested it out for our clients. You can do it without an advisor. There's a lot of information online. There's books you can read and the San Francisco Public Library. There's chat boards. There's pros and cons to the chat boards or things like Reddit, you know, you might get some new innovative ideas but you don't know who's advocating it or why. And when you get something for free advice for free. That's sometimes what it's worth. So you have to be careful about that. AI as a guide artificial intelligence as a guide to picking stocks has not yet proven to be riskless. So maybe it'll work, but you're probably better off reading some books by Warren Buffett about how to invest, then you are about trusting an artificial intelligent engine that is programmed by people where that's not their expertise or it's learning from itself, and that has some risks as well. So I'll pause there feel free to ask a question. All right, so we got some more questions rolling it. Let's handle these to make this as interactive as possible. And just to reiterate these slides and a link to recording will be sent to everybody afterwards and my contact information will be there too in case you want to follow up. Okay, and then. Okay, so I think we answered most of it about the financial advisor company. There's one more aspect to this which is there's a group of online tools called robo advisors. And so you may have heard of companies like I'll put this in the chat betterment wealth front personal capital you might hear an NPR with ads. So those have either like the computer does the picking and the rebalancing for you, which could be good, but they generally don't have good sustainable options they have like lowest common denominator sustainable options if at all. We also have, I think most of those have the ability to talk to a person if you want to. So those might be some other tools to check out and then we already talked about he trade Ameritrade, which is becoming Schwab fidelity. Those are all platforms that for many things oh and then Robinhood for many investments might have zero fees, like zero transactions. Funds have fund management fees. And so that's, that's called the expense ratio is the fund management fee. So just being aware of what that feels. Sometimes it's okay to pay a higher fee, because the returns are there. So there's a mutual fund called green alpha next economy, next access the ticker, and they have a higher fee, but many years they have super high returns. In some years they have super low returns so that you have to make that judgment for yourself. I, I like to look at it on a net basis, if the fee pays for itself, then it may be okay to pay some form of the fee. Okay, so we got a question. We got a couple of questions. So we have Vanguard. Yeah, so Vanguard one important thing to know about Vanguard is. It's a co op. So you are part owner in the company. It's a customer focused company that instead of giving a profit to shareholders, the profit comes back to you. That's how, and they do a lot of indexing, but on the sustainability they're a little late to the game. So it's, it's something you can do on Vanguard, and we help, you know, we coach people on how to do it on Vanguard or Fidelity or ever. So, you know, we're not going to talk about the prices but Vanguard is customer focused and customer owned. All right, there's another question here about appropriate asset allocation and suggested waiting in a retirement portfolio. I'll just give you a high level answer to this. What proportion do you have in high risk, medium risk and low risk like on the sheet. This slide that we're all looking right right now the farther to the right is higher risk, the farther to the left is lower risk. Higher risk can mean higher returns, but it can also mean lower returns or negative returns. Lower risk means lower returns like getting zero in your cash ago. So the question is when do you the usual simplified answer we share is when do you need the money. If you don't need the money for 10 or 20 or 30 years, you likely can be higher risk. If you need the money this year you want to buy a house, you probably want it pretty close to cash. And the frustrating thing is it's hard to make any interest on cash now because interest rates are near zero. But that's the general answer to asset allocation.  And the more it does, and you're not willing to close your eyes for the long term, that is also might affect your asset allocation, just from an emotional point of view. So the question here about crypto, which we want to cover, and also went around green bonds. So, let's do the crypto first and then we'll do the green bonds. Let's see. Oh, and then I see another question. So, what do I think of crypto or the blockchain. I think the blockchain is amazing. The blockchain will bring a lot of transparency and accountability to more and more into the future. Crypto as a meaning cryptocurrency as a way to hold or transfer money, or as an investment to me is super high risk. It's like the lottery, only bet money you're willing to lose. And maybe you'll hit the lottery, and you might even have better chances of hitting the lottery and crypto than the lottery itself. But you should also think about it like the lottery is, I could put this money in it, and it could go away. So that's what we think about crypto so crypto is on the far right of this page. And that's about being a super novice beyond changing banks what would be baby steps to building and transforming a portfolio, or just a scaffold. So some great baby steps would be start reading up on what the sustainable funds are. Look at some of the fun companies we've managed already read up on the as you so.org site that we mentioned and the fossil free funds. You'll start to see ideas for what you can do. And the good news about investing more and more. It's creating bite size chunks. So if you did do something on Robin Hood, you could put a couple bucks in like $10 or $25 Schwab offers you these things called slices where you could put in $25 bucks into 10 different stocks for $250. You can own 10 different stocks so there's increasing ability to put in littler amounts. And then that could be your tests, and you can watch that. And so like for my mother I bought her Tesla when it came out at $25 a share. And today it's worth $1,000 a share. She doesn't want to sell her Tesla she likes, you know, having that amount of money in it, but that was a test that was a test of like, electric vehicles are going to be something in the future. Let's put a little bit of money into it. And so she put $1,000 into it. And now it's worth many times more than that. There's other things that you could put money into that won't be worth that. So just know that experimenting and having a diversified portfolio is good. All right, I know we have five minutes left we're going to cover some more questions. So hopefully that was helpful for the baby steps. I can see no before. Oh good black chains are little questions are rolling in. Okay, green bonds. The good news about green bonds is many times they'll be labeled green bonds. You may also see things called social bonds. Hey everyone, just hold on a minute. Looks like we lost Paul so we're going to see if we can get him back. Appreciate your patience. Hello everybody I'm back. It's funny to talk about the risky market and then to, and then have the. Yeah, you're back. Okay, all right sounds good. All right, let's do some more rapid fire questions before we go. Some of you may need to go feel free, you're going to get the slides and feel free to rewatch the meeting. Feel free to contact us on social media or directly. We really appreciate all of us being together. And the main thing I want to say about investing is, if think about it in terms of time, the more time you have to invest when you need the money for your retirement decades away. The more risk you can take. So, average your way into the market, the closer you need the money today, just be conservative because markets are unpredictable. On average markets work over time, but nothing is guaranteed. So delighted to be with all of us today. Thanks so much for joining the slides will be shared. If there's more questions feel free to email or chat, and look forward to having the opportunity to see you all again soon. Back to you during and JP. Okay, thank you so much, Paul. And I know we had a lot of engagement and we didn't get to every single question but we will be sending a follow up email you can rewatch the program will have all slides, and also some links and contact info. I want to thank everyone for joining us today. We're just heading up to two o'clock, and I know some people have to go so I just want to say on behalf of the library and business science and technology department. Thank you so much for joining us. And we will see you again soon. Take care everybody.