I'm Maaren Leid here at the Center for Strategic International Studies and I'm very honored to have, in addition to the four representatives of the Army here today, also Reiter General James Rainey who is joining us by phone. I hope. General Rainey, are you there? Okay. We're here for Benning. Great. So we're having a conversation this morning about the Soldier and Squad system. CSIS undertook some work on this last year which culminated in a report we put out in April. We were very grateful for the support of Dupont and the Warrior Readiness Protection Coalition who allowed us to go dig into this in a little bit more depth. I think it goes without saying that the Soldier and Squad is the foundation of the Army. It's the bedrock of the Army. It's something people care passionately about but it's time in the limelight sort of ebbs and flows and while the vision of an integrated system to address soldiers and then later squads has been around for a couple of decades, Jay, can you turn yourself on? Let that be a no-tallness including me, please turn your ringers off if you would. I think what we found, let's try this again, please turn your ringers off. What we found is that the Army has made more progress with the Soldier and Squad piece than the system piece and there are some very good reasons for that. One of them is it's incredibly hard to integrate such a diverse portfolio and the fact that there are so many people on this stage and there should have in fact been more people on this stage reflects some of that. We have Major General Dias here from the Force Development Division of the Army G8 who owns the resourcing piece of this along with two of his key staff who help with this Colonel Keith Hawke who is the Director of Materiel and Colonel Keith Barkley who is the Chief of the Soldier and Maneuver Division within Force Development and G8. As I mentioned, we have Brigadier General Rainey who is the Deputy Commanding General of the Maneuver Center of Excellence who owns the requirements piece so the principal advocate for the requirements for soldiers and squads although with help from all the other centers of excellence and then we also have Miss Kathy Gerstein who is the Acting Chief of Staff for Program Executive Officer Soldier, PEO Soldier who owns the acquisition piece. Again, there are lots of different organizations across the Army who have pieces of this problem set and one of the things that we found in our work was one of the challenges is that the systems view and achieving that integrated approach is complicated by the fact that not every organization sees the systems elephant in the same way so all of them obviously have a piece of it but there's no shared vision of where the system starts and where it ends and again one reflection of that is that this conversation is likely to largely focus on the equipping and material component of that obviously there's a whole other element of multiple other elements to include the human dimension component of it how do you optimize soldier performance not just in the material context but in the psychological and social context so this is in this discussion will also be limited and not fully systemic in its breadth but again I think it's a reflection of really how complex this issue set is but with that said I want to just dive into the conversation so that we can open it up to all of you to participate. Let me just say give a quick order of battle General Dias will talk then I think General Rainey if you could keep looking up if he's in the sky somewhere ask General Rainey to make a few comments and then Ms. Gerstein if you could talk a little bit about some of the view from your foxhole I feel very safe up here with couple infantry officers an armor officer an acquisition an engineer and an infantry officer ready to parachute in from Fort Benning if we need him so I think we'll have a really robust conversation we'll have everybody make a couple of remarks I'll ask a few questions to kick it off and then we'll open it up to all of you if there are people watching on the web who want to pose questions I was telling them earlier that this is the it was a first for me this morning where I got a question before we even started the event if you have questions you can email them to me at mlead at csis.org it's M-L-E-E-D you can tweet I believe at ground g-r-n-d forces I think that's right so anyway feel free to participate via web should you so desire so with that John that's how you thanks Marin first of all I'd like to take this opportunity to wish everyone a happy fiscal new year and hopefully it will be happy and I'd be glad to make comments or perhaps take questions on on that last week we had a senior leader development seminar which was hosted by the chief of staff of the army and which primarily gave trade-off and opportunity general Perkins general McMaster general Brown to talk about several things one of which was the new operating concept that the army is going to roll out at a USA and I'm not going to jump necessarily on on their thunder and seal their thunder there was some discussions at the conference and they were tweaking it slightly however when I was writing in to work this week I was listening to an NPR article and the discussion was essentially what took out of it there's there's art and science and I think that we tend to at least on the material side we really hone in on the science as a prove do the cost analysis etc and I think what I'm articulating is that the art part is going to be the concepts things that trade-off rolls out because they're working on an army what does the army look like in 2025 and when general Perkins described hey we had air land battle we got the big five but we had a sandbox it was clearly defined it was Western Europe we knew what the intervisibility lines were we studied that hard we worked hard on the science and we got the material from that we're not going to have as clearly defined sandbox in the future that we had in that time period when we develop those material but that does not mean that we can't articulate a vision of how we're going to operate as an army and from that operating concept we're going to derive how we're going to equip ourselves how we're going to train ourselves how doctrine is going to be written how facilities how ranges will be upgraded etc so that was one part I wanted to describe Jim's going to Jim Rainey at Benning is going to talk about at least if there's a requirements questions talk about that but I also worked at ARCHIC in my last job as the requirements integration director down there so of the three pieces of the circle that you have the defense acquisition university resources represented by the G8 requirements in this case represented by the maneuver center of excellence at Fort Benning and then acquisition is represented by P.O. soldier and Kathy Gerstein okay I think it's all I'm gonna say Jim over to you this is Brigadier General Rainey down at Fort Benning can you hear me okay sir sure can yeah so I will state the obvious that you're counting on us down at Benning to figure this out and we can't can't do a VTC video connection to you so don't be alarmed by that technical difficulties I apologize for yeah I'll just throw a couple things in real quick kind of what we're doing down here less on the technical side and kind of like like general Dias said there's there's some thinking that we think needs to be done to inform this process and nobody thinks we're in any kind of operational pause there's any peace dividend coming out but but we do think that we need to spend some time thinking about the future of maneuver as a subset of the army effort to think about the future of conflict future warfare and you know a good place to start some of this work is probably what do we need this what do we need to be able to do as a maneuver force in the future specifically to this discussion you know so what do we want a squad to be able to do knowledge skills attributes what kind of missions are they going to do and then use that to inform our our way forward on the squad as a system so we fought two wars for 12 years paid a dear price for that in in terms of blood and treasure so we need to make sure that we're studying that I like to talk about the difference between a lessons observed and lessons learned and you know we throw the term lessons learned around but but did we really learn from that and what the things we learned what were conditional specific to Iraq and Afghanistan and what are enduring things that we need to incorporate as we move forward an example of that just the real quick one is you know we learned a lot about a squad leader and expectations but how much of that was because we had squads doing things way above and beyond what they were designed for you know no one ever felt like they had extra combat power and Iraq and Afghanistan a lot of time squad leaders were leaned on to do things that were originally designed to be platoon leader tasks and just me personally and I think on anybody who's served in the room with you there would tell you similar you know I bet about 57 months in the deployed in the two wars and I've personally never seen a nine-man squad on the battlefield by itself doing anything just just to SP you got to add engineers medics FSO fires capability female engagement teams so do we even have the right base model as we look at the future force there are a few things we think we know general Perkins said recently and that the way we're doing business now is not going to work there's no amount of patriotism hard work effort energy the current system processes we have will not ever be responsive in us for us to deal with the rapidly changing future where we stand up and talk to lieutenants and captains about them being agile adaptive innovative creative thinkers and I think we at the senior level owe them better processes that aren't hypocritical when we talk about them I think that the human performance is something that we've just tapped into it's kind of an effort in the army we probably have a better chance of working on cognitive improvement physical improvement education leadership things like that there's a higher payoff in there and they're cheaper and harder to do but but not resource intensive and that's something that we got to make sure we make progress on not just material solutions to everything and I do personally believe very strongly that no matter what happens in the future the fact that the infantry formation is going to be the decisive land force there they're the only thing we have that's designed trained equipped to dominate the the intersection of the human domains cyber domains land domains and that you know I think history kind of bears out that if you ever need to destroy something or take something away from the enemy and hold on to it you're going to need an agile adaptive infantry formation so that's really all I had for opening comments but I look forward to the discussion and thanks a lot for including us over thanks sir okay my name is Kathy Gerstein mayor and I'd like to thank you for allowing me to represent PEO soldier here on this panel today for those of you who are not familiar with PEO soldier we are the material developer for the majority of the equipment that the soldier wears carries or shoots we feel that we have the best equipped soldiers in the world but we also know that due to the the emerging requirements that came out of the last 12 years of war we got equipment to the soldiers quickly but we may not have integrated it the best way possible our challenge going forward is to work with the soldier enterprise to ensure that we prioritize the equipment that the soldier will need and work with them to make sure that it is the least burdensome upon them okay thanks so there are lots of different ways we could go with this I want to talk first about generalized you alluded to some of the the fiscal challenges that we face I was thinking this morning that you probably average seven or so all ponds a year in your time and something like that so I don't know how much time you actually have to think about much of anything other than generating the next piece of sausage but from your perspective this issue of not only I think general Perkins was talking not only about the requirements processing to change but the resourcing process need to change how does that affect the soldier and squad particularly and how do you make those changes when there's so much pressure on money well we certainly would like to have a stable funding I think that what I hear from industry is that we're not able to do long-range planning because we can't tell you what the long-range fiscal forecast looks like and it's the same really for me inside of my organization because we're doing the multiple poms as Marin said because we're not sure we have to do a high palm we have to do a low palm if we have BCA you know the Budget Control Act is a law that's on the books for 10 years 50 billion dollars a year for the Department of Defense last year we got a one-year reprieve on the bipartisan budget agreement so I'd like to be able to say that there's a steady stream of resources that are going to flow to be able to tell industry what it looks like and unfortunately I'm unable to do that I am going to ask when congressman asked me is like hey what can we do for you I said you can take sequestration off the books and so in your own lanes in your own ways I just asked that if you have an opportunity to do that that you would address the people who make the laws and who write the checks and that would be a very helpful both for the Department of Defense for the Army as well as I believe it will provide some stability now in the soldier portfolio we did have to pay some bills and so soldier portfolio but I think if I can't give you exact numbers but this portfolio looks at least steady with slight increases across the palm starting in 16 so that's that's essentially where we are on resourcing yeah if I can ask you one of the things that I think we found when we visited with both maneuver center and peo soldier was that you are taking some some clear steps in trying to advance a more systems-based approach and that has a lot of implications for some of the processes that we've been talking about but I just want to get your take on where is the soldier enterprise in becoming more integrated having a a an integrated vision from the outset that helps to inform how requirements are developed that helps to inform resourcing because sometimes those processes inhibit that comprehensive approach to moving things forward. So at PEO soldier and working with our enterprise partners the S&T and the user community we've attempted to within the last couple of years or so try to chart our path forward like I like I mentioned before we realize that our integration is still a challenge to that end at PEO soldier we've instituted a warrior integration site or wind site that's a collaborative effort where the any any of the organizations that would touch the soldier can come and see how we model the soldier as it is we use a variety of methods we have mannequins now that we've been able to kit out for the entire squad that has set the baseline for what the soldier by doctrine is supposed to carry we have the 3d printers we have the 3d scanners what we've also instituted a effort where all of the systems engineers across PEO soldier will meet probably every two months or so because our commodity items are four very distinct pms we in the past tended to be a little stovepipe so what we've attempted to do is to make sure that our our engineers know that we need to integrate more and look across the entire soldier portfolio rather than just our own little viewpoint to that end we've included our S&T partners in this because they're the ones that tell us the art of the possible we also work very closely with the maneuver center of excellence primarily but we do have other centers of excellence for which we get our requirements from it it became very obvious that one of our last capability portfolio reviews to DA staff that we were probably not all having that same vision and we realize that if we didn't tell them how the soldier should be somebody's going to tell us and that was a very eye-opening experience we the soldier community kind of closed ranks and and we've been working in a very collaborative manner to make sure things are more integrated less burdening to the soldiers I'm gonna open it up for other questions I have I can keep going all hour if I given the opportunity but if people could identify themselves wait for the mic I'm sorry raise your hand wait for the mic and identify yourself and briefly ask your question that would be much appreciated so let's start in the back and we'll move forward yes ma'am Dave Wiles from Textron I have a question really for I think it's really for Fort Benning focused on the future force force 2025 and it has to kind of two parts an organizational question and so still have a nine-man squad there in the future force and related to that on the material side as far as the squad integrity on platforms both ground and air what's the thought process of keeping the squad together and on those platforms versus dispersed on multiple platforms thank you hear that question yeah yeah I sure did great questions so I go I go back to my initial point about a little bit thinking about the future I think the answer to both those question lies in what are we gonna expect a squad and the platoon that a couple squads make up to do on the future battlefield so right now there's not any talk about coming off the nine-man squad that I'm tracking but what do we need a squad to do in the future can it be can it be smaller enabled by technology probably I mean I'm open to that that discussion and that thought does it need to be bigger like it's been for the last you know 12 years that we fought you know the soldier load stuff is still you know you whatever you divide by nine it's still a pretty pretty big number of weight the complexity of the future battlefield argues for a leader to lead ratio or an experience level in the squad may not be the place for 10 level soldiers as far as the vehicles go yeah there are people that are very passionate about about single delivery of a squad together I I don't think that that's something that we ought to wet ourselves to because that obviously like y'all know better than I do that that drives your weight and your mobility up so if we're thinking about the future that we're going to need to be able to rapidly deploy that we're going to have to do forcible entry operations we're going to have to figure out the weight thing it doesn't look like technology is going to solve that problem for us so squad split across two vehicles is something that I would say you know it's just my personal opinion I would say is not probable but possible going forward I don't know if that answers your question I hope so okay thanks we had one here and we'll come up here and we'll go back there yeah Dan's an ADSA I see you know requirements historically have always been reword looking trying to fill gaps of the conflict you just came out of and sometimes a little bit of evolutionary look going forward but if you think about the environment we're in the day it's fundamentally changing almost on a daily basis three months ago and no one thought about sending soldiers off for Ebola containment you know the the deployments into Eastern Europe were just beginning as you go through that whole business and and ISIS was you know still an idea and Bokeh harm we hadn't even thought about how we deal with them and as you look forward it seems you know that most of the world population is going to be an urban environment most of them are going to be interneted and self-exposing as you go as you go through that it appears that kidnapping the heading is the new IED and the force protection challenge as you go as you go forward with it so as you think about the tasks that you want soldiers and squads to do it seems the biggest variable is the conditions standards remain the same but the conditions become the most the biggest variable and those drive what you end up having to put in the requirements business so how are you dealing with that as you as you look forward I'll start to general rain you can jump in I think on this if you have a concepts driven army that the operating concepts and then the each one of the centers will be doing their functional concepts and then they're looking forward as opposed to looking back to determine what the gaps are and so that that uncertain situation that you describe which the conditions will change with the task and standards remain pretty much the same I I agree with that and from those functional concepts that the centers are right that's where we'll start to move towards perhaps a different organization maybe not perhaps a different training regiment perhaps a different funding toward that training perhaps a different material solution but I think looking forward to 2025 operating concept functional concept gap determination that's the way we'll determine and I'll open for anybody else generally do you have anything to add to that just real briefly I I don't think the answer is one or the other I don't think looking backwards is a bad thing I think military history is invaluable tool I'm amazed by the amount of things that keep happening over and over but obviously you got to look forward so what we're talking about down here at the maneuver center is the idea of kind of a new fundamentals so that the things units have to be able to do move shoot communicate survive haven't changed but the context of those fundamentals is changed dramatically so I it's probably not a good answer but but I think it would be a huge mistake to wait looking backwards or looking forward you know in the pursuit of the future forget the things that have borne themselves out time and time again throughout the history of our profession over I'm gonna general any if I could pile on to that question briefly to try to integrate it with the question I received earlier by email which was about non-lethals if if the the problem of shooting in urban environment and in particular places a higher premium on the ability to move up and down the spectrum of lethality can you talk a little bit about how the maneuver center is thinking about the balance between lethal and non-lethal fires don't really I heard I was trying to think of something intelligent you could have pretended you just dropped off I can help them out a little bit because really that a lot of the non-lethal requirements come from the maneuver support center of excellence primarily through the MPs because they have a law enforcement type of mission and that sometimes carries over into our combat formation so a lot of the non-lethal non-lethal investments that were made in the last 12 years were made through OCO primarily with the sets and kits that were delivered to combat formations for example and then the tasers that the military police train on and use that's primarily our non-lethal capability so bending would incorporate them into formations but they don't necessarily generate the requirements from the maneuver center of excellence anything you want to add generally or is that you off the hook no no that was a great answer sir thanks it's illustrative not the topic my we were talking about earlier about the history so you know mega cities obviously going to be a huge problem for us in the future but you know I think it would be a huge and I'm all for pursuing non-lethal technology and everything else but if we decide to fight in an urban area it is going to be you know the civilian cost of that is going to tie and and we need to acknowledge that it's historically a given and you know the decisions that get made in reference to starting those kind of conflicts or we're deciding to contest a a large urban area with the mixed population it you know it we just need to be realistic about the amount of you look at the battle of Fallujah you know all the way back to World War two thing things change but there are a lot of constants about urban conflict underground facility ideas the mega city stuff that we that we see as clear threats going forward it would be a huge mistake I think to overestimate our ability to do what we do and and not have to deal with those kind of tragedies of war when it comes to human life over here and there and then we'll sorry thanks dr. Sydney Friedberg breaking defense calm gentlemen ma'am and voice in the ceiling as well thank you to follow up on general Perkins remarks when he was pretty emphatic when I cornered him after his remarks at another think tank they'll remain nameless saying you know really the requirements acquisition process that whole thing is really as you said not not working and especially in this area you know the stove pipes simply don't encompass it in a in a useful way so but if you integrate things if you try to break open those stove pipes people lose comfortable processes and they lose power so what parts that system need to break open what centers in the bureaucracy need to give up some power and or funding to make this work better and conversely you know what are the essentials that think that people like p.o. soldier like g8 like for bending need to hold on to no matter how you know holistic the approach gets there's probably been and somebody could probably tell me how many acquisition reform studies have been accomplished in the past pick a 10 20 year time frame and well more poems than and so my perspective is every time there's an acquisition reform study done there's more requirements that are piled up on the people that do it in in the well-meaning way of trying to do just what you said break open some of the stove pipes I spend energy on trying to make the system that we have a little bit better by talking to the requirements community letting them know how much resources we have talking to the test community talking to the requirements community again about how they write the requirements and quite frankly you know to the industry people that are in here it would be very helpful to have the discussions it will be one-on-one it say if we're in a competitive environment you have multiple vendors you one-on-one with the three communities the acquisition the resources and the requirements community that you essentially come in say hey look the way we read this requirement that's going to drive us to this type of solution if you would write that requirement to say this many miles an hour this many slope whatever the requirement is a little bit differently we'd be able to provide this solution to you at this cost that and the to the testing guys people write the requirement so it's a continuous kind of test that means it just it has to go on forever you can write requirements so that there are it's a one zero it's an on or off it's a yes or no did you kill as many targets as the last vehicle that's a yes or no as opposed to commander site and gunner site must be within point three seven mils of each other in a requirements document well the testing guys have to build a microscope with full motion video in order to determine that requirement did it kill as many targets as a Bradley yes or no in the same amount of time that's those are kind of requirements that can be written that's a kind of industry feedback I think can go back to requirements folks informed by resources so to answer your question I'm not sure how many stove pipes you can break open because I think all those hundreds of reform studies have tried to do that and just add more owners task on top of the things that are already there I think there is that I think that you can and so you try to break through that lease on my on my side on resourcing you I know when the palm is going to go promise like I said last week is it's a conveyor belt it's going to deliver on the first week in February usually the president's budget and we know when it goes to the OSD for review we know when the services provide their input so that conveyor belt is going to go when we have requirements documents come in in order to inform that palm is important and that's what we've been working with inside of the g8 with the requirements and and with the acquisition quite frankly thank you brisfetti with Institute for Defense analysis within the last two years DARPA did some work that they referred to as squad X which significantly augments the squad level with various technologies a wide variety of technologies so that the squad is substantially more effective at the 9th 9 person level 9 soldier level of course that was a thought piece it's moving forward in the domain of how can we provide a greater level of adaptivity and lethality to nine folks the question becomes then both how do we plan for the technology insertions that may be useful coming out of such research as well as the communication architecture that the squad leader needs to be able to command the augmentations adequately and in particular it seems that today's come architecture at the squad level would not be sufficient for that would you comment on that please I'll talk a little bit about the long-range investment requirements analysis the Lyra process that the army started which essentially is a 30-year view on the other side of the it's 25 years the other side of the palms 30 year total view and in that trade-off would identify where we want to go and then we will identify requirements documents that need to be made and then the S&T community which are tied probably closer to DARPA than than the acquisition side starts to line up their S&T lines of effort their swim lanes in order to inform requirements in order to start putting money against that about where we want to go and all driven by a trade-off in the concept you want to talk a little bit about how PEO soldier integrates that kind with them network I'm sorry well actually PEO soldier has been working with DARPA on their squad X concept we've held regular meetings we understand that some of their technologies could in fact transition to us we've made those ties early on so if there's any way that we can shape you know what squad X will become we're there at the inception of it as far as the comms go for the squad leader we PEO soldier does have our our net warrior program that will be for the individual soldier to be able to communicate within members of the squad and we understand that as technology gets a lot better the the material items that we provide to the soldier could change also now hi Doug all of it with New America particularly when we think about the the dismounted squad it seems that in at least its communicate and its move aspects not the chute there are clear civilian analogs that have large commercial markets personal electronics extreme sports human enhancement how what is the strategy to stay ahead of the commercial market and what is the Koch strategy to to just bring things over to keep parity well PEO soldier along with the maneuver center of excellence we do have the soldier enhancement program program of congressionally funded back in 1989 or so that's to it's a buy try decide type of effort anybody can it can put in a proposal small pot of money that we purchase supergates worth of the Cots or gots equipment and push that out to the soldiers so they can try it and see if if we can use that to inform our requirements going forward Dan George I Institute for Defense Analysis General Dias or general rainy the average soldier according to an MCOE study a couple years ago was carrying 122 pounds on the battlefield as of late we have added net warrior rifleman radio man-pack radio what are we doing to try to stop the the increased battery usage I think the average infantryman is carrying nine pounds of batteries on the battlefield for a 72-hour mission what are we doing to try to stop or come up with an appetite suppressant as far as power demands on the battlefield I'll let general rainy start the great question soldier load you know it's one of the enduring challenges we face in the infantry really in the army I'll give you the what I honestly believe is the answer and I don't mean to be flippant but it's all about leadership it's about it's about understanding and managing work so you know unless we have some huge technological breakthroughs you know it's gonna come down to leaders battalion brigade division commander leaders empowering their junior leaders to make risk-based that's ill or bold load on mission enemy time troops that standard variables that affect operations I was very encouraged I just got back from Afghanistan in about July and for the for the first time my personal experience we finally got to the point where that was occurring at least in the division that I was I was serving in but I think throughout the theater we finally figured out that trusting and empowering our young leaders to make hard decisions and then managing that risk at higher levels is really the only way we're gonna ever get out of the monster rucks now technologically I think there's some battery battery technology I think I think there's some robotics and ways to either help carry the load or deliver resupply at a faster better rate I think there's some promise in those technologies but I'm telling you it's gonna come down to leaders having the the ability to accept and manage that risk and trust their people to make good decisions over well I was just I was just gonna add a point and I want to pile in a little bit on what General Rainey just said the first gentleman asked the question about the nine-man squad and you know what does that mean in terms of vehicles and systems the related piece of that to this question is as we look at other systems you know whether it's JLTV whether it's striker and what we're doing with the ECP program for the striker we are looking at how can we build exportable power capability into other systems because that that really enables some of the leadership that I think General Rainey is talking about because that gives the leader on the ground the squad leader in this case the option to manage his soldier's load knowing that he's at least got a vehicle close at hand where he can off-ramp some of that load to you because he has exportable power he has the ability to recharge some of those batteries so you know while we're talking about squad as a system it's not a system in and of itself that stand alone there are other systems that we manage across the entire material portfolio where we're looking at trying to help the squad solve some of these problems and this is a this is a very good example of one of those instances which makes the dismount the IBCT was the still one of the biggest gaps that we've got to support because they don't have the striker vehicle in the near vicinity or vehicles in their in their formations that are close by. Question up here, I know we've got a couple over here, was it okay? Left sign here. Joe DiFrancisco from LIDOS. Listen to General Rainey's description of what we might learn from history keyed me down to reading these bios quickly again I see that one of our panel members actually took place in Operation Urgent Fury some years ago and with the political environment as it is today with our administration saying no more counter insurgencies we're not going to get into long drawn-out land wars it seems to me that something like Operation Urgent Fury could well repeat itself different place different circumstances so the question I have if you put aside the joint implications and some of the combined arms challenges from that operation what is it that we called upon our squads to do in that operation and what might they have been able to do better if they had increased training specific increased training or modern technology is there something we can learn from looking back and extrapolating forward well I happen to be there yeah I happen to be that and Joe DiFrancisco it's a magnificent tie you have there I probably came as close to being killed in Grenada by the US Navy than any other situation I found myself in and it was because we didn't have good communications and I think it's pretty well documented that you know Goldwater Nichols came about in 86 some of between Desert One and the communications between the Joint Force we had Anglicos and Alos on the ground but that didn't keep the the Navy from strafing that one position that was a second brigade talk where I had just left from within 30 minutes before so I I think that the basic formation is about the organization is about the same that we had then it was sound it was solid we had beginning of snipers program which was very helpful at that time and I think still continues to be I think communications is probably from my perspective the biggest gap that we had then and we probably still remain working on that that gap I think it is because that was a if you remember the Beirut barracks bombing for the Marines had just occurred in the middle of the month and we were alerted and we thought we're all going to Lebanon and there was only a second page small paragraph about something happening down in the you know lower Caribbean it was it's a complex world that we're in then although it was more clearly defined as a Soviet US you know Cuba Panama Canal and Grenada with the large runway there as well as the disturbance took us there that means that our Army has to be prepared to go to any complex environment on no notice that's the way it's the same and and that squad will still have to interact with you know everywhere from kinetics to engagement with local towns people and law enforcement people evacuating students as we did then I mean it was you couldn't make that up I mean it's just that's how it rolled out let me follow on a little bit to Doug's question one of the things that we that I came to appreciate much more in the context of doing our work in this area was the breadth and complexity of the industrial base and and from shoelaces to high-end optics and that while there is a significant portion of it that is driven by commercial industry that's that's not true there's very very few things I found about this portfolio that you can say that hold for the whole portfolio it's it's just so incredibly it has such breadth and so many different piece parts and one of the challenges associated with that is understanding exactly what the industrial base looks like the industrial base is a big concern for the army going forward in many areas but this is a really complicated one and one that the even the industrial base process isn't accustomed to thinking about in its totality and part of this assumption I think that because some of the things are commercially available that therefore they will be there in perpetuity when it's distorted by things like the berry act and other other things so so I guess my question is do does PEO soldier feel like they have a good handle on the industry the soldier industrial base as it stands is it is it robust is it something that John Dias how to be concerned about in in among many of your other concerns should that should we is it on his concern list or should it be on his concern list well those PEO soldier type industrial base issues our body armor our I squared some of our small arms parts we do attempt to keep a that industrial base those industrial base efforts of warm because we know that it takes a long time to restart everything once things get turned off I I just keep going back to we do have the best equipped army in the world right now we know what we need to turn back on if things do get turned off and we're working with a lot of uncertainties here we have no idea how big the force is going to be we are coming into this fiscally restrained environment almost Mac dab in the middle of it so we PEO soldier in working with the army we have put together on the deployer equipment bundle this is a deb it's a an effort where we are taking those common items that the first deployers are going to need we're we're phasing that out over four or five years and there will be instances where the industrial base will have to provide us kit to go within that so that is one of the ways that we're trying to keep them warm to the equipment that we need and I'd say that in some areas we are technology takers and some areas we are technology makers and I think one of the areas I look at particularly I know night vision is proliferating to a certain level I think that we need to continue to work on having the best type of night vision available to our soldiers and that's one thing I'll watch pretty closely but there there's lots of things in the soldier portfolio that actually gain benefit from having commercial type activities go so the things that are where technology makers those are the things that I watch more closely thank you David Costello I serve as executive director for the Warrior Protection Race Coalition we represent the industrial base for everything the soldier wears or carries and thank you for raising that arm because just as an example of some of the challenges that the soldiers are facing right now in the industrial base face is we had eight boot makers left the United States in June of this year that make combat boots for your soldiers two of those closed in June and that lost 25% of our capacity to produce combat boots in the United States another one is under threat to close which would be another 25% for just a basic boot combat capability in the US there's one soul maker in the US that makes every pair of souls on every pair of dress shoes or boots you've ever worn and if those folks decide to leave the industry you cannot produce boots or shoes in the United States there are two shoelace makers left so these are very small dark corners of the industrial base but you really do need boots to go to war and they do deserve analysis and consideration as you are considering all the things that you have to be worrying about so I just wanted to point that out and we do appreciate work that PEO soldier is doing to keep its eye on what we're doing thank you. Excellent question. We had one I just had her head up for a while and then we'll come up here. Ellen Mitchell inside the Army I wanted to go back to General Rainey's comments about the future fighting vehicle he said it was not probable but possible going forward that it would have the full squad carrying capability so if it doesn't have that then what what is the future fighting vehicle look like because the Army made that a big selling point with the JCV so what's going to be taken from that going to the future fighting vehicle? I'll start I'll just say that we we have to go back again with the operating concept and take a look at all of those requirements so I think that's on the table and and over to you Jim I think we're going to have to take another swing at the requirements. Yeah, just don't rain. Yeah, I would say that it's not probable that we go away from single unit integrity per vehicle per squad but possibly but yeah and that you know keeping the integrity of the squad and being able to deliver it is incredibly important and as you balance that against the tradeoffs I would be reluctant anytime you know with any current systems we have to come off of that squad requirement. I mean that's why we built them to deliver organic squads at one point in the battlefield so the possibility in the future that we could come off of that if that was if that was the only way we could get the vertical development requirements we need for a for a future fight. I think we could go that way but just just to be clear that the value of having squad integrity on a vehicle is is is critical and I don't know now to 2025. I mean any of the current systems we have. I don't see coming off of that over well here and then last question in the back right here. Joe cooled from Defense News. General Rainey talked about tradeoffs between mobility and weight and recently the the maneuver center of excellence has been in discussions about a family of lighter vehicles possibly sling loadable and General Rainey also talked about forcible entry operations. How are how might those vehicles be a reflection of some of the challenges in recent operations and how might they be reflective of future operations having a lighter maybe less armored vehicle. Jim you want to start on that one? Yeah, yes sir. Nothing's decisional. We are working on a lot of things. There's a a from the time you put a ground force you know on the ground as part of an airfield seizure and until you can get air land and build enough combat power with our current systems. We think there's an opportunity to do something to to help the the initial entry forces increase their mobility but it's more a logistical challenge early warning type capability than a than a maneuver vehicle that you would use to expand the work the air headline for example where you you would depend on your land vehicles for that. But but we're doing a lot of work on that. I don't think anything's decisional at this time over. Thanks sir. Okay, last question in the back from HQDA. We've we've had a lot of conversations about increasing complexity mega cities, the increasing complexity of technologies that we're putting on our soldiers. We've also talked about the physical burden that they are increasingly having to endure. I just like to ask a little bit more about the mental side of it. What work are you doing with maybe the Mission Command Center of Excellence or in conjunction with DARPA or technology development agencies to explore the boundaries mentally of the squad leader in particular and and consider what might be the limits of the burdens that those young leaders are going to be capable of of bearing particularly in a congested environment like a ferrule mega city, which is very very complexly connected in terms of social media and technology and so on. Yeah, I'll start and General Rainier anybody else can jump in. Last week at that senior leader development seminar, the chief said his number one priority was leader development. And the of the three main speakers that were there General Perkins, Commander Tradock, General McMaster, Director of ARCHIC, and General Brown, Commander of Combined Arms Center at Leavenworth. General Brown's block of instruction was all about the human dimension cognitive, physical, social aspects of being a soldier. So if you put the two things together where the chief says his number one priority is leader development and the development of the human dimension, I think that would give you some insight is that we think that that is an area that the army should be investing in. Now what is the actual direction? How does that turn into a physical program? I think we've got to work through that but you've got like the senior leaders of the army discussing intellectual capital is maybe the most important asset we have as an army when you go into a complex, uncertain environment. You know we didn't have these PMTs and ETTs and training teams in 2000, but we essentially figured out how to do that as an army by 2003-2004. And that was based on the intellectual capital that we had in the army in order to change organization training, perhaps even doctrine on the fly to meet a emerging requirement. And General Rainey, you can anything there? I think that's a great answer. We don't really know what we don't know about the human dimension. I mean everybody kind of sees it as a huge opportunity and something we really need to understand better and get after. And there's a lot of research that's already been done that's you know we don't have to start from scratch on this so it's a lot of partnering with academia and industry and somebody talked earlier about learning from pockets of excellence in our society which I think it was Doug I think that's a great point and we're trying to do that. One interesting that I didn't mention yet but simulation and training, training devices, you know the idea that we have to adapt all that stuff as part of the system we think there's a lot of opportunities to use simulation to get a cognitive load you know not to replace training to improve leaders ability to enter that training before using that time and resources more effectively to add complexity you know it's hard to get at the modern battlefield in a training environment even live fire at night without adding and developing the ability to add the complexity you need develop the human dimension and then follow on the collective live training you know how can we go after the lessons learn a our comments in simulation. The last thing is kind of the I think this my personal opinion that getting after the instructor so if it's if it's a cognitive human issue and we have this education apparatus in the army that I personally think is pretty good but we always you know want to get better it it really comes down to the instructors so you get you get better instructors how do we recruit how do we manage talent to make sure that when you when you find a place like the small group you know the small group instructor model we use at the captain's career course here I think SAMS is another pocket of excellence where they have you know all their instructors are former successful battalion commanders and phd's or class sizes small that the adult learning model type approach I really think the developing human capital and talent one of the critical things we got to get after is the the right instructor to start the process over. I apologize we have to end it there we're actually a little over time I want to thank all of you for coming today General Rainey thanks for making it by phone if not with your we have a we have a static photo of you up so it's kind of like you're in the room with us thanks again for making the effort to do that thanks to all of you for coming and we appreciate your attendance we look forward to continuing the conversation.


Let's go dude! That was so crazy! How's it going everybody? Datou Doi here with some more Under Night Inbirth Ranked Matches. We're back with some more in Kidu. I still feel like I got a lot to learn with this character. I do really want to invest more time in and we got a game here super quick so let's go ahead and see who my opponent's playing today. Okay Akatsuki, okay. I like how I'm starting to learn the characters by their names. That's always good. Throw a fireball. Oh big lag! Oh I can't believe it. Alright. I could have gotten something so big off that. Like this maybe? Why did I go for the hard combo? Technically there I could have got something good as well. Oh I tried to roll under it. Oh get off the antsy ears! I'm rolling today boys! Ah too high! I tried to keep it safe there but I forgot it. That's fine, that's fine. Overhead. Alright that killed. Good good good. That was me panicking. Definitely wasn't trying to go for a grab there. Who me? Couldn't be. I did it too late. Damn and I ran into a punish. My inputs are so bad today. Ah he's just he's tatsuin. Okay hold on. Okay I dropped it. I dropped it. Ooh nice overhead. Too early. Overhead. Let's go. Try that on me again. Try that on me again. I'm gonna get that full screen punish. Grab him. Let's go dude. Okay I played that pretty well. I was pretty confident there at the ending. Ooh and Kitu. Oh we were playing the anti-fireball game so well. Sometimes we definitely got a little bit iffy there but that's a good starting match. That's the kind of match that builds up your confidence. Okay now that we're riding high on the confidence 51 matches with 24 wins doesn't scare me too much. I got a two win streak going on so I'm kind of a big shot. All jokes aside though this character is super technical and I yep see I I fully I've never played against this character before. Only watched some videos. That was safe. I thought I could bait it. Ah she teched. I think it's safe to say I forgot how to actually hit that. Oh look at the range. Oh my god. Okay I'm this is definitely a character you could use some experience when fighting. As for me though if you don't know what you're doing you gotta pretend you know what you're doing. Like this running sea. Let's go. Okay rethink our strategy here real quick. If we live. Oh my god. Let's go. Never mind we got counter hit. Okay. What do we learn at about mid screen. We're gonna want to be blocking. That's what we learned. How do we get in. I'm still working on that part dude. Oh man. I don't know what we're going in. I thought I'd have priority after that. If she's in that stance don't even go close or jump. I probably should I'm probably rushing things. Okay. That's fine. I can learn from these mistakes. Hey stop charging over there. No no grab. Okay we got we did get the grab eventually. Detected. Oh that was sick. That was so sick. I'll give it up. Running. Oh no I tried and running sea. Please let me live. Come on I give it up. That tech was pretty sick. Drop it. Drop it. Drop it. We're dead. We're dead. Damn that was really good though. That was a great tech on her part. I can't even be upset. That was just really good. I could have played that a lot safer. Well with the death of our two win streak we came across another person with a two win streak seth player. So I know the set play. It doesn't mean I know how to block it but I am a little bit more confident against this character. I definitely did not use that move when I was messing around with Seth. No. No buttons thrown out. Come on I keep it safe around here. No. Oh good stuff.  Okay nice grab. I respect it. Bad. Bad whatever I was doing. I tried to run back. Keep it safe. Keep it safe. There we go. We land the grab. Let's go dude. That was so crazy. Thank goodness Seth is built of paper mache. Oh he ran up and got the low. Oh set play. Let me be free. I got guard break. Or not guard break I guess. Somebody told me that means something else. Damn. Is this the power of set play? Grab. Okay. I at least I realized what was coming. I mean yeah it was way too late. Back dash. Or no I can just I can anti air that. All right anti air. Well anti air that. All right a new goal instead of winning. Let's let's anti air. I didn't keep it safe. Oh you got me with that. Oh and another low. Okay watch the anti air. Never mind. He's going with a different group. No. I just want to get in a situation where he tries that move again. There it was but I did not expect it there. Okay. Okay. I did not mean to do that. Oh god. Huge loss. No I just got I just got run over dude. All right let's catch a quick run back real quick. Just a quick one. Just a quick one. Two frames that's better than the five frames we were rocking before. All right quick run back quick run back with the swiftness. Oh no I didn't mean like this though. I did not mean like this. Oh this is quick in a way I didn't want. Damn that hit me. We keep it safe here. Oh where are you going.  I can't believe I dropped it. I didn't keep it safe again. DP. Oh it was too obvious. It was too obvious. Let's go. Nice. Got very lucky there. I was just doing that because I realized I once again messed it up. All right let's start with this. Nope I thought he was gonna try something to get in. Another low. I feel like I'm trying to block that but just missing it. Blocked the wrong side. Oh I tried it. I really did. Should have teched that. Get off of them. Oh I love that move. Keep it safe. I got a block afterwards. It's not it's not it's not plus. I just get the block. Big combos. Oh I tried something unreal. Is that gonna be it?   I really panicked. I thought he was gonna go for the overhead grab again. He's not going for that too much. Ever since I set my goal. Nice that was super sick. Really? Okay that was pretty cool. Keep it safe. Block. Oh I should anti-air that. No grab. Okay we got it. Nice. Just kept them guessing. I got super random there but it was random with the intent to confuse. So I guess I'm gonna take it.  Really glad we took that one. Give me that three win streak back. All right but you know that losing once and then taking a win isn't how we do things here. So for the final game of the day let's go ahead and run it back one more time first to two.  Okay now this is where I feel like something's actually on the line. Just a little bit online pride.  I was just hoping he'd push his push his luck too many times. Damn even in five frames you got to respect that. I gotta give it up. He's not going in when I think he is with these orbs. He's really waiting for his chance. I got hit with an overhead. Nice see that was that was smart. He grabbed I was I was I was I wanted to block to respect the orb but he grabbed me. Smart stuff smart stuff.  He eats me alive with those. Damn there it was again. I'm gonna I'm gonna say that one with six frames. I'm blocking right. I imagine if I knew the real combo. Imagine if I knew the real combo. Oh you should not have done that. There we go. Alright a little bit of pressure in the corner. At least he's he's scared to get down to the ground. Let me see. Oh this is gonna be my game. Oh we checked it. Nice. Nice. Is that a perfect. I don't know actually was it. It was. We take it. Whoa I'll tell I'll take that all the way to the bank bro cash that out. Thank you guys so much for watching this video. Hopefully you enjoyed it. If you did and you have a favorite moment make sure to go ahead and let me know down below in the comments while you're down there. If you like these videos and want to see more of them make sure to hit the like button and subscribe for all sorts of fighting game content including Under Night Dragon Ball Fighters Mortal Kombat when it comes out all that stuff dude. I want this to be the hub for fighting games so that sounds good to you make sure to subscribe and if you want some more videos there should be some up on your screen. Other than that though I'm Dr. Doeth. Thanks for watching this video and I'll see you in the next one.


This play is so dead. I don't even know why we're trying this one I lied to play as great Let's get it. Let's get it. Let's get it. Let's get it play offs.  It was just too fast. I really covered them But I should have kept my safety right in the middle of the field and did more all or nothing It's just double Mabel man.   I swear to God Oh my god, where did that guy come from?   Like who did we block? Who exactly did we block? This play is so dead.  Let's get a pick right here and get some points before What RPO is that? Near the one with the bubble Ward is there like no way you get out to that return left or return left Like how do you like come on?  We need time. We need time. We need time.  We got three timeouts. It's feel go easy. I mean, he's just running double Mabel Let's just keep it what it is here If he backs up the corners like that it's just double Mabel. Carmichael's in a purple If Carmichael's not in a purple that means he's he's just gonna blitz him or he's gonna cover that himself So we can just go here. They are it's just fine. That's fine. So I like this play bro. Like double Mabel have fun Have fun on double Mabel. Let's see if he backs up his corners. That means they're in cloud flat. Yeah That play is so annoying, dude Like plays like that just and smash dig return smash return are just so good against Mabel when they're putting so much covers on the outside like those plays are so tough against it Now like we gotta hit a corner out at some point like we just have to because He's got to start playing the inside I mean, come on. That's all because the inside guy shed Literally all because the inside guy shed and it made my running back pick up the Come on, man. Marquez Valdez gambling is the right trigger, dude dog like oh, is it like I mean I just like Like come on man.  Why I was just playing perfectly in bunch Let's go back to bunch strong when everybody's but like it's just not for me.   I mean the way he's playing defense though is like it's literally I just need to run this same play Like he's putting no yellows on Good read dubby. Thanks chat. I appreciate you guys man.  Oh my god, it could have went anywhere and it goes right like food There's just a mental note to never use that delay route ever never use that delay route ever never use that delay route ever Could have went anywhere.  I'm in pain Just pain dude.  Stop running dog. Just run the same play The same play over and over and over. This is terrible. How will we get to this point in this game? How dub Williams just throws the ball to the other team? This is what we do.  Is he the guy that gives me this play again dog? How in the world does he do that? Dog, I have no idea how this game works anymore.  I'm so glad I ran the ball there Actually amazing running plays right there boys It's just a terrible blitz on cover three just a terrible blitz I don't know how that dude, uh, jay mace was running a read option on my Three inside stuffs and getting I was getting no penetration, but I ran it and that inside stuff just hoarded me Man, I know I should have double teamed them, but I thought read options just didn't get inside stuff This guy honestly is like Just no way.      Literally like literally just that's my fault Oh He always got his mid zone right there.  I thought I could have got there with uh, can't with uh Derwin, it's just a free knockout right there and I went for a pick man I don't know man. I just really thought it would end the game if I if I was up seven I wanted to win for I wouldn't went for a pick but being up three I feel like that was my chance to win the game right there like dead ass like I really did I thought it was my chance to win the game and then we don't even get a knockout out of that It's just top.  I mean dawg what? Debo, are you serious? Never mind. We had no life.  I mean, what's the other options here? What's the other options throw it out?


Literally, a communist. This is your colleague, isn't it, Aaron Bustani, Ash Sarkar? Yeah. And you have produced, rather helpfully, this T-shirt. It's just a prototype, yeah, just to be clear. Just to be clear. I'm literally a communist. Yes, product placement. You can get similar T-shirts. No doubt from everywhere else.  No. Well, aren't you? No, I don't think so. The way I look at the word communism is it is talking about a kind of society which is so qualitatively different to capitalism as capitalism was to feudalism, which is to say that it's key features within capitalism, having to sell your labour for a wage, production for profit, production for exchange. These things would no longer exist. Have we ever had a political economy, a polity, which didn't have those features? No, we haven't. So, I'm not talking about actually existing socialism from the 80s and 1990s. I'm talking about North Korea or the Soviet Union. I'm talking about a politics which fits the technological possibilities which we're only just beginning to see, most clearly in automation but I think elsewhere as well. It doesn't say that on the T-shirt, of course. No. I think you probably just need a new word. You know, I feel like I'm sat in my A-level history school. You know, and that's what most people think if you say the word communism, I looked at it on what we're going to discuss today and what? I totally get your arguments and your points, but I think it's quite an alienating word to be using and brandishing. I'm happy with the old word. Communism means state control of the means of production, distribution and exchange. It means no private property. It's perfectly clear. As a theory, I happen to think that it's not workable but it's internally coherent. The Soviet Union made a half attempt to practice it and that was unsuccessful, but it's clear what Karl Marx meant. Right, but isn't it an ideology that led to nine million deaths in the Soviet Union? Yes, well, not a communist. No, no. But when you say that you understand the sort of sentiment behind it, but is it trivialising what has been done in the name of communism? I think that if you want to abolish private property and you do want the state to control virtually everything, then you are going to have to use brutal enforcement methods to make people cooperate. And so I think the murders, the repression, the oppression are a necessary consequence of the communist ideology. Right, and you support that, do you? No, I don't know. There was a line in the Economist in 2011 that said what happens when labour becomes capital? And of course there's this hinting towards change in the nation, robotics. And that's a question which is really decisive for anybody who wants to defend market capitalism. In terms of what I think, capital by Karl Marx was called capital or a critique of political economy. He was critiquing the classical political economy of Ricardo, of Adam Smith.  Right. So I'm talking about... But in practice, does it mean violence? I mean, if you say, I mean, Mao Zedong said based on the Soviet's experience, he considered violence necessary to achieve an ideal society derived from Marxism and planned and executed violence on the grand scale, as we know. I don't believe communism, as in something beyond capitalism, was even possible in the 20th century. So there's an analogue here is John Wycliffe, he was a heretical priest, 14th century Protestant. His ideas were more or less the same as Luther. They didn't scale in the 1400s like they were in the 1500s, why not? The absence of the printing press. I think we're now at a moment where there are a presence of technologies which make new political realities plausible. Right. But is it provocative to have, I mean, I'm sure it is provocative to say I'm literally a communist. I actually found it. Maybe that is provocative too. I mean, if there was a teacher that said I'm literally a national socialist, would that be acceptable? I'm literally a fascist. You can't imagine anyone going on national television and saying that, can you? I don't know.  Who are you thinking of, Matthew? She's so proud of it. And I really don't think she understands the implications of what she says. It's ludicrous. It's just because we feel that it didn't work. And I think that's what I mean by a new word. People felt it didn't work. And so when you hear it, that's why I said I felt like I was back at school being taught about how communism hadn't worked. So I understand what you're saying, but perhaps a new word. Is it the same, though, as having I'm literally a national socialist or I'm literally a fascist? It is. It's exactly the same. For instance, I wouldn't blame Adam Smith for the Bengal famine or for Cecil Rosen's in bad way. We're talking about a set of ideas which have been criticising capitalism in very specific ways. Mark's talked about technological change in capitalism in the Greenruss in 1858. So I think, actually, the words he uses are perfectly appropriate. I'm not going to say post-capitalism. We didn't call capitalism post-feudalism. It had a new name. So if we're therefore discussing the branding, fine. But there is a clear intellectual heritage here which can be traced back to the ideas of Karl Marx. He called it communism. I think Jeremy Corbyn would ever wear one of those T-shirts. No. But he's also not... I don't agree with Jeremy. Jeremy Corbyn isn't a communist. I'd say he's quite clearly in the tradition of democratic socialism, which, yes, within the Labour Party is quite radical.  No, of course he's not. Probably 90% communist. Well, let's not go on the percentage. What are you 90%? I know plenty of people who are literally fascists.  But is it more romanticised to say I'm literally a communist than it would be to say I'm literally a fascist? Well, you do have a very good point that communism, although it failed and failed brutally with an enormous amount of bloodshed, still has a sort of mystique about it, a kind of student Che Guevara mystique about it. And that, I think, is because people who believe in the free market, as I do, haven't been robust enough in defending the things we believe in. All right. Well, look, who wants this T-shirt? Suzanne. It's not my colour. Not your colour? Maybe not your size. I'll leave it here then. On the other side. Or do you want it back, Aaron? No, no, you can have it. I'll keep it here. I won't be wearing it.


Thank you for joining me on Psychic Medium Tony Green. Yep, I am Tony Green and I didn't really have anything after that. I don't know why intros are so tough for me. Probably because I don't have a memorized one. But anyway, here we go. I am going to start this show with a healing. I love to do a little bit of everything on every show. And you know, the last couple of years have been a little bit challenging for everybody. And we're just now starting to get back in the swing of things. And I want to make sure that we all can keep moving forward in whatever direction is right for us. So whether you're watching me live on YouTube, or you are listening on one of the podcasts, or you're rewatching on WSES, Rude Rangers TV, Roku or any of the stations that I am streamed live on, this healing will work. Not only will this healing work this time, but it will work every single time you listen to it. So here we go. All that is keeping us, we are moving forward with all that life has to offer. I get a no, so we're going to clear that. We're moving forward on our correct path. I get a no, we're going to clear that. So we'll do other healings as the show goes on. And we will depending on what people are calling in for. So let's go to you. Let's go directly to the first caller. Callers please, when I call your area code, give me your name, where you're calling in from, and also have an exact question available. Here we go. 310. 310, how are you today? Yes, hello. Hi there. Hi, my name is Susan, and I'm calling from Oklahoma. Hey Susan. And I was curious if you, hi. I was curious if you see a romantic connection coming up in the near future. So my, my answer to you is, what do you consider near? Okay. So I hear there's going to be somebody coming in, in June. Now the person coming in in June. Okay. I don't always love saying this, but I think it's better to know than to, to know before you get into it than to find out later. Depending on how you handle the situation in June, we'll determine whether this person is just here to play or whether they're here to stay. I do feel like there's also someone coming in, in July. Now the person coming in, in July is, they're using the word study, this person is more stable, is a better person. However, the person in June, there's more chemistry. Isn't that always the case? Okay. It is, isn't it? Like, yeah, it makes it crazy, right? So the person in June, I just feel like the person in June, you may not, you know, this, this song is coming into my head and it's making me crazy because it's, it's a crazy song. It's, it's not even about relationships, but it is. It's that, the gambler by Kenny Rogers, you have to know when to hold them, know when to fold them, know when to walk away, and know when to run. Okay. That is, they made me say that whole verse to get to know when to run. Don't, this person coming in in June, make sure they're gone by July is basically the message I'm getting. This person doesn't have your best intentions in, in mind. And then I'm hearing that song. I think it's a song. Oh, gosh, I hope it's, there's a party in my pants. Do you want to come? Oh, okay. No, but thank you very much anyway. I don't, I don't know if that's a song or if that's just a thing that they were making. Oh, my gosh. That's hilarious. Yeah, it is. Yeah, it is. Oh, I can't, oh my gosh, I'm so sorry. I need to recompose myself here. Okay. So the person coming in in July, and I'm going to say mid July, and if I have to knock down a date for you, I'm going to say July 18, or yeah, they're showing me July and the 18th on the calendar. And this person is a much more stable person, good looking man, good looking person. This person is going to have a lot more to offer you than a party in his pants. Okay, that's great. Yes, yes. And the person coming in in July is very, well, they just keep saying stable, which we both know what that means for each of us. Everybody has a different idea of stable, but the person in July will want a serious committed relationship, something that can like stand the test of time they're saying. Okay, love. Okay, that sounds great. Thank you. You are welcome. So let's do a clearing. Let's do another healing while you're on the lines and to call them for a relationship. Let's do a healing on. We are in, oh, we are, I don't even know what to say today. Okay, we are going to say we are attracting our healthy, perfect partner. And I get a no. So let's let's heal that or clear that to yes. So that's about the six minute mark folks, if you want to go back and listen to that one, go go to the six minute mark and that should be there for you. Thank you so much for calling in today. Please keep me posted on this. Okay, sweetie. And I'm sorry, can you thank you? I sure will. Okay, I'm sorry. Can you do me a favor? I'm really sorry. Somebody just stepped in. And I know this isn't why you called in. It's either for you or the next person, but a woman just stepped in from the other side that's older. She was like a grand, what I like to call a grandma age. And she was thinner. Her hair was short. She was crouched just a little bit when she walked.  So she's here and she's actually, I want to say at some point, she may have had to use a walker. And she's in what she's calling her night coat. Do you know who this woman is? Because I feel like this woman is stepping in for you. If not, she's stepping in for a couple of grandmas that are in spirit right now that are similar to that description. Okay, can I get the first name of either of them one at a time? One is when it's Bessie. And the other is Irene. It's Bessie. Okay, so what she wants to say is that she wants to let you know that she loves you. And she is saying she's better now. Oh, she talks like this. And she's saying, oh, I'm so much better now. I'm so much better now. If this, I hope that's how she would have talked a little bit softer and excuse my accent. I'm horrible at any accent. And she's just saying how she's better now. And she's okay. And she's saying, don't worry. Don't worry about us. And she's speaking for your whole soul group on the other side. Don't worry about us. We're good. We're all here. We're good. And she wants you to know that they are with you. They are with you. And they're helping you. And they're bringing in this person. And they're saying, be patient. Be patient. Be very patient when with this, the people, the male that is coming in, because he is going to, if you are patient, you will get the prize. But if you push it, you will get the booby prize. Okay. Okay. Excellent. And that they love you. Okay. Of course they love you. Okay. Oh, that's awesome. Excellent. Thank you. Thank you for calling in. I'm really grateful. I was able to help you and connect with you today. Thank you so much. Thank you. I'm grateful for you too. Thank you. You're welcome. Hey, everybody. Today, my little brother who is 40 today is his birthday, February 2nd. And hey Patrick, how are you? I said it on Monday, but I'm going to say it again today because today's his actual birthday. So my little brother, Stevie Oliva, happy birthday. I love you so much. He is just the sweetest little bean. Hi Mimi, how are you? Whoa, my phone is flying. He's the sweetest little bean.  Their advice to my mom was very different than what she actually did. And he has had a really full life and he works. And this little dude just loves working right now. He works at Oscars Custard and he loves it.  The things that we take for granted, he's so proud to be able to do. So he is always like, if he doesn't have a job, like during the past two years when things were shut down, he was a little bit sad because he felt like he wasn't a man and he wasn't working. And now that everything is kind of getting back to normal and he can go to work, he's so happy. And he just is so cute and adorable. And he actually has a TikTok page, which is why I started a TikTok account because my niece, G, would go on and record him dancing and then put the videos up. And he has a lot of followers on TikTok. It's crazy. But I think it's Steve and Gianna or Gianna and Steve or something like that. I don't know his TikTok thing, but if you go to my TikTok thing, he's one of the people that I am following on there. And he's just happy birthday, Stevie. I love you so much. Okay, let's get back to collars. We are going to go to 9-1-7. 9-1-7, how are you today? I am great, Stevie. This is something from New York, and I was just wondering if the spirits had anything to me in the way of anything new coming up, abundant lies or job lies. I'm trying to use a little bit of traction and trying to make time every day to just ask my guys for assistance to lead me along the way. Okay. Any messages greatly appreciated. Okay, so the first thing I want, I'm sorry, what's your first name, Love? Tim. Okay. The first thing I want to say is that you are going to have, you know, this is going to sound, they're kind of sending the message through very slowly. Typically spirit is so fast and I speed up and I'm actually slowing down right now and kind of going into a, kind of I have to snap out of it. So I'm going to just clear everything right now just to make sure everything is clear. The one thing I want to say to you is they're asking, you're using the law of attraction, you're using manifestation, and they have two questions for you. And the first one is what you're trying to attract. Do you believe it can come to you? So I'm going to use a really far-fetched example. A lot of people want to win the lottery, let's just say the big jackpot. And then I ask them, do you believe you can win? And they're like, no. I'm like, okay, then stop manifesting yet. Because if you don't believe something can actually come to you, it might not come to you. And the second question they want to ask you is, at your core, and you don't have to answer these questions right now, but at your core, do you believe you deserve what you're asking for? No. We can want things and we can try to bring them to us. But if we don't believe that it's something we deserve, it could be problematic for us. So I'm going to do healing work, clearing. I'm going to ask the angels to come in and remove any energies, programs, belief systems that are stopping or blocking us from receiving our manifestations. And that is just like a whirley bird going on. And then this song, and if you know this song, I'm going to be so happy because something like a cyclone, but you know she can do it all night though. I don't know, it's been such a long time. Okay, if you know the song, you know it. But that's the feeling of the energy going on right now. That's the feeling of the energy right now. It's just like, if you see a tornado, and it's really small at the bottom, and it gets big at the top, right now the energy that they're showing me is this like funnel or tunnel or whatever it's called. And at the bottom, they're sucking everything out and taking it up. Okay. So for everyone listening or re-listening, watching or re-watching, and I do recommend that you come back and you re-watch, especially this thing, which is at about the 16 minute mark, to clear or heal what's stopping or blocking us from manifesting. And the way I like to say it is, listen, we are here to create and co-create. So if something's in the way of that, we need to cut it. We need to get that out of here. So there is something stopping or blocking us from creating the life that we want. I get a yes. So let's do a clearing or a healing on that also. Okay, love. And then I feel like June, you are going to have, there's going to be stuff before June, but in June, there's going to be a major breakthrough. Now there's an aunt here of yours. I believe it's an aunt. And she is saying, don't forget the small steps. Don't forget the small steps. So we're all about taking those big steps, right? We're all about getting to that next big level. But there are a lot of small steps that make that big level really pop for us. So just the biggest message that they want to give you is don't forget, don't skip or don't forget the small steps because the small steps are just as important as that huge leap. Okay, love. Okay. Thank you. You are so welcome. Have an amazing rest of the day. Thank you. I'm going to go directly to the next caller, two zero three, two zero three. Hey, how are you today? Oh, my goodness, Tony, I didn't expect to get in. It's Pat from Connecticut. I was just pretty much listening. Hey, how are you? Good. How are you? Since someone asked about relationships, I sort of have a funny story, but I'll ask you quickly. What do you think of this person, Doug? Well, the first thing I hear is good. Okay. Now, as a person, I hear good. Now, if you want to know, where is this going? What's going to happen? That's a completely different question. As a person, good. Not bad at all. See, that's the thing. What do I think of Doug? Good. Great person. The two of you together? No. Here's what I'm going to say. Do you want to know the possibility for the two of you? Is that why you're asking? Yes. Okay. Let me see. You know what? There's potential here. But one thing that I know for a fact is relationships go as far as we let them go. Okay. So if we have fear or insecurities, at some point, we will come up with very justifiable reasons or excuses to stop or block this relationship. And you, I'm going to just say there might be one or two. It's almost like I'm going to end it before it ends on its own thing. And we're going to clear that now. We're going to start healing that now. And it's that thing of finding everything that's wrong so that it can't evolve into something else. So let's clear that also. And not for just for you, but for everybody listening, everybody re-listening. This has potential to be a very caring and loving situation. You have to believe that there are men out there that go past. They're really interested in the content of a person. And they're very interested in the just the content, the heart, the soul, the conversation of the person. They're not only interested or primarily interested in the aesthetics of a person. And that the second thing is this person isn't is going to see you completely differently than your past people have seen you. Okay. First and foremost, everyone needs to know when we're in a relationship at any point that person, that relationship is making us better or it's making us bitter. And once we get out of that relationship, we we're not the same person. Whether that relationship made us happier, sadder while we were in it, we don't take everything with us forever. But we're a different person. So the people who show up for us are also different. And we have to realize that we've grown and we're not those people. So the way new people come in and look at us and treat us is according to who we are today and who we who who we became because of the past situation. Now hopefully we became better versions of ourselves. Okay. And if we did it, but there's still time, right? There's still time. So this person is not going to treat you the way your past people treated you. You have to show up as who you are today. And we do this when we're on a date or or we're meeting somebody, we fall back to that first person we were when we started dating or the last person we were when we started dating, we have the we have our person that's dating our person in relationships, our person at work, our person with friends. And we have to be in that place where we are showing up as somebody new, somebody more evolved and happier. This person isn't interested in only the physical aspects of a relationship, they really want to get to know you. So give them the opportunity to get to know you and watch where it goes from there. Oh, that's the best way I can put that, Pat. I hope that's helpful. Can I tell you the funny way it started? Sure. I tried to join a single site, a new one. And I was only going to, well, actually, I wasn't going to pay. And then I came across him and he has everything that I want, but I don't know his personality, but everything where he's living, what he's interested in, what he wants to do, it's like almost perfect. He's a physicist. Wow. That's a little intimidating. But so I tried to do a dollar for a trial offer and then for 95. And I immediately got a call from a banking system saying that they had fraudulently charged me close to $40. Oh, wow. So it's and I thought, what is this mercury retrograde or is this voting about this guy or just ignore it? What I did find out, because he's a physicist, is I found out who he was and I found his email. So I'm going to email him, which is quick forward, but that's it. Nice. Nice. See, in the end, you get your path, right? The right path, the right way to do it, right? Isn't that something? Yeah, absolutely. Through fraudulent charge, it was very, you know, interesting. I don't know why it happened that way. But I was a little worried that it was saying the universe was saying, no, no, not this guy. But then again, it helped me find him and his email address. And, you know, what I will say is I'm not a big fan of dating sites for a lot of different reasons. However, some people do meet on dating sites and have a really good experience. And I know over the past couple years, it's been difficult to meet people organically, but I feel like we're going to be out and about and meeting people more organically again. And I would really encourage everybody to do that. Do the face to face, not the phone to phone thing. Okay, love. Yeah, that's great. Thank you so much, Tony. I love you. Love you too. You have an absolutely amazing rest of the week. Thank you. I'm going to go to the very next corner, caller corner. What's the corner? 347. Hey, 347. How are you doing today? Good. I can barely hear you.  Here I am. Yep, much better. Thank you. Okay, what's your name? My name is Melissa. I'm from New York. Okay, Linda, how can I help you today? I just want to know if anything like others for the most of time. Okay. Give me a little second here. Okay. So Linda, the one thing that I can say for you is there is some changes coming in for you. There are changes coming in for you. There are quite a few changes coming in for you. And in the month of February, you are going to be finding, I don't know if this is finding funds or finding, I think you're going to be finding funds. And I don't know how literally funds, F-U-N-D-S like money, finding funds or funding, finding either funds or funding. So what I'm going to say to you is that I would pay attention to your surroundings. I don't know. I think that you are going to find some funds or funding in the month of February. Whatever that means for you, I would pay attention to it and move with it. When you find it, move with it. Thank you, love. Until next time, please enjoy the rest of your week.


The challenge of the Yukon. On King! On you Huskies! King, the swiftest, strongest of Eskimo lead dogs, blazes the trail through storm and snow for Sergeant Preston. As he meets the challenge of the Yukon. Sgt. Preston was typical of the small band of northwest-mounted police who preserved law and order in the Yukon during the Gold Rush of 98. That was the year that brought over 50,000 men swarming into the Klondike region, and the greed for gold led to frequent violence and bloodshed. But in spite of the odds against them, the force preserved a splendid record in maintaining the right. The challenge of the north was answered, and justice ruled triumphant. Tom Wayne and his sister Mary live several miles north of Harper City. Inside their cabin, three people faced each other. Their voices sharp and tense. You can save your breath, my lord. I'm not selling out. I don't know what you've got against me. I've never done you any harm. Forget it. I think you're making a mistake, Tom. I'll make that 30,000. Tell you, I'm not interested at any price. If you weren't so stubborn, Tom Wayne, you'd see Bert's trying to do you a favor. I wouldn't put it that way. Of course, I wouldn't make every man an offer like that. Oh, Bert, I know you're just... He's just trying to buy out one of the richest loads in the Yukon before we get a chance to turn over the gold. He's not doing anyone a favor except himself. Tom. You haven't found a nugget in the mine since you bought it. There's no sign gold, isn't there? Suit yourself, Tom. You don't have to worry on that, Compa Loy. I aim to. Right now, I think I'll go outside. At least I won't see any skunks and shoes out there. Well... You mustn't take Tom too seriously, Bert. Certainly doesn't think much of me. Oh, that's just Tom's way. Why, there's no more loyal friend on this earth than Tom if he likes you. And he doesn't like me. He doesn't know you. That's why he feels as he does. I don't care how he feels about me, Mary. As long as you don't feel the same way. You know, very well, I wouldn't take your part against Tom's for one minute if I didn't believe in you. I know. That makes me feel like the luckiest man in the world. Oh, if only your brother... Oh, well... Not only that, worry, Bert. I'll talk to Tom tonight and try to persuade him differently. Will you? Yes. And perhaps I'd better tell him about us. No, no, you let me do that. He won't get as excited if I tell him. In that case, I'll head for the city and see you tomorrow. If I may. You'll stay out of the cafe, Bert. Listen, Mary, I gave you my word, didn't I? From now on, I'm taking orders from you. Good night. Good night, Bert. Late that night as Mary cleaned the supper dishes from the table, Tom reached for his pipe. Supper had been a quiet meal. The strong feeling Tom expressed against Bert Malloy separated them as completely as a wall. Tom. Huh? Tom, I want to talk to you. Yes, I guess I want to talk to you too. Oh, your pipe, watch those ashes. I forgot. Sorry. Why don't you like Bert? Listen, when you see a mountain lion coming up your door, you don't open it up to let him in, do you? I feel the same way about that. No good lowdown gambler. But he's changed. It's not Bert Malloy. There's a leopard change of spots. I tell you, he's known in every gambling hall in the Yukon for a yellow crooked pole cat. Tom, I'm going to marry Bert. And another thing. What'd you say? I said I'm going to marry him. Marry? I mean it. I wish for my sake you forget whatever you have against him. He's changed. I can't believe it. You can't be serious. Well, let's not quarrel about it. My sister, Mary to Bert Malloy. I can hear it already. Every tongue and all the cafes this side of Skagway will be wagon with the news. Oh, Mary. In Harper City, Swim's Cafe attracted every thirsty minor in town. The men gathered around the potbellied stove at the far end of the room and exchanged stories and gossip, commenting on the ways of the rest of the Yukon. He says tab when he told me. I says, you don't mean it. I can't understand. What if you're like Mary Wayne and see in that scum? He ate every monitoral bean. Bert Malloy must have changed a lot since I saw him last. To him? He changed. He liked it. I wonder what town thinks about it.  He never did like him. Who's he? Come, Sergeant President. What's comes down for a while, Sergeant? Oh, I just came in to see you boys for a while. You hear about Mary Wayne planning to marry Bert Malloy? Mary Wayne? Yep. So he's hard to believe in. Are you sure that's him? Well, yes. Any of the fellas here. It's all a mistake. Anybody wants my opinion? I was just planning to drop out to see Mary and talk.  Well, you know how a woman is, once she gets the idea in her head. Oh, I don't know. Maybe Mary'd listen to the sergeant now. Well, at least I can go out and see how much truth there is to it. I certainly hope your boys are wrong. Well, hope for Mary's sake, we are too. But I don't know. If you hear anything about it, let us know. A short time later on the trail toward Tom Wayne's cabin. Yeah? So what do you want me to do about it? I'm going to marry Mary Wayne. So are you. Then with Tom Wayne out of the way, I'll own the Watch Bob mine. Say, now I see what you mean. I should have known you're too smart to be serious about anything. But get this, Red. I want whatever happens to him to look like an accident. That mine will be a strike any day now. And I'm going to be the man to turn over the goal. How will I know when to get him? That's your problem. Watch your chance, then take it. Mush, you huskies, mush! Father ahead on the trail, Sergeant Preston, sight of the Wayne cabin. All right, King.  Sergeant Preston. Tom. Well, I'm glad to see you. No, Flatter, and I am to see you. Seems like a long time since you've been in these parts. Too long, Tom. But then I can't call around as often as I'd like to. Sergeant Preston. How nice to see you. Just stop by to say hello, Mary. How are you? Just fine. Glad to hear it. Sure you didn't stop by to try to stop me marrying Bert Malloy? Oh, I'm sorry. But everyone is so against it. I almost imagined Tom sent for you to try to talk me out of it. No, Mary. I won't say a thing about it. Lord, I know I wouldn't ask the sergeant here to do something. I can't do myself. How is the watch fob working out, Tom? Say, I want you to see the watch fob. I tell you, that mine's going to turn up the richest strike in this part of the country in a few days. Yes, sir. I want you to see it right now. All right. That mine's Tom's baby cycle. You bet it is. Ready? Yes, indeed. I'll see you in a few minutes. Don't be too long. We won't. If she marries that varmint, he'll break her heart. And I can't stop her. You may be going about this in the wrong way. What do you mean? Mary is a headstrong girl. You can't railroad her out of a thing once she's made up her mind. You should try to expose Bert to her. Make her see him as he really is. You think so? Well, maybe you're right. Well, over this way a bit. This is the entrance. Well, you've got quite a bit of rock piled up here. I'm worried to go ahead now into the real goal. You look as pleased as a boy with a new friend. This means a lot to me. Now, over here. I'm going to blast through here. And that'll get you... Tom, Tom, look out! They're almost pinned beneath those rocks. I can't understand that. Those rocks have been there. How am I ever losing them? Unless? Unless. Never mind. I was just thinking. Those things will happen, I guess. Maybe we'd better go back up to the cabin. It's a good idea. Well, whose sled is that? Well... Oh. My lawyer again. I wonder how long he's been here. I don't relish a talk with him. We might as well get it over with. Hello, Preston. Hello, Berg.  As if I just what? Nothing. What do you know about those rocks falling? Tom, now don't start a fight in here. What rocks? I don't know what you're talking about. Just because you don't like me, Tom, you needn't think I'm here for trouble. I think I'll be going back to town. So soon? Yes. You coming outside with me, Tom? Huh? Oh, sure. There's so long time. Now listen to me. I think this may be your chance to call Maloy's cards. You do as I tell you. I'll do that. I'll go back inside now. I'm going back down to the mine, Mary. It's getting dark. Yes, I know. I have some blasting to do. It's pretty dangerous now. I'll feel better if it's finished up. Need any help? No, thanks. Easy enough for an accident to happen with one man handling the job. I won't be long, Mary. Mary, I have something out on the sled I've been meaning to give you. Wait a minute. Oh, nice. I'll wait right here. Get down to the mine. I've left one chance to get Wayne. Now, this time, see that there's no slip-ups. It's going to be blasting. Get him from behind and set off the charge. You'll never know what hit him. Stealthily, Red crept through the mine entrance. He saw Tom Wayne bending over a dynamite charge near a pile of rocks with gun in hand, Red edged closer. Hey, what are you doing here? Put up your hands, Wayne. Put up my... What is this, a holder? Oh, not a holder, but blow up. You're going up with that dynamite and nobody will ever know it wasn't an accident. Nobody? You're wrong. Drop that gun, Red. Preston. Yeah. You seem surprised. I didn't have nothing to do with it. It wasn't my idea. Honestly, it wasn't me. Whose idea was it to get me out of the way? Bert's. He wants the mine. It's the truth, I tell you. Honest it is. Come on, Tom. We'll face Bert with Red here and a charge for attempted manslaughter. I think I hear someone coming. It must be Tom. It might be Tom. You're not surprised, Maloy. You're not half as surprised as you're going to be if those hands up, Red. Red? Well, what happened? I... I don't understand. Who is this man? Bert here can answer that one. Well, speak up, Maloy. There's nothing to say. I never saw this man before. You ain't throwing the blame for this on me. What do you mean you never saw me before? Easy, Red. That's not the story we heard. You're not holding any gun on me. I'll show you. Don't let him get the gun. I already got it. Now, you listen to me. Sure, I wanted Wayne out of the way and this time there won't be any slip-ups. Come on, get over against the wall. All of you. You two, get over there. Not so fast. Get him, King. All right, King. That's enough, boy. I have the gun. Yes, sir. You always did say, smartest dog in the Yukon. I can't believe it. I can't believe it. I'm sorry, Mary. But it's better to have found out now. Tom will tell you the story of what happened. King and I have a job to do. Taking these two prisoners to Harper City in jail. Yes, King. The case is closed. Challenge of the Yukon, a copyrighted feature of the Challenge of the Yukon Incorporated brought to you every Saturday at this time originated in the transcription studios of WXYZ Detroit. The characters and events in tonight's drama were fictitious. Bill Morgan speaking. This is the Michigan Radio Network.