Coming up on D T N S India widens its ban on Chinese apps. Microsoft's three part plan to fight deep fakes and why refresh rates won't help your game skills. This is the Daily Tech News for Wednesday, September 2nd, 2020 in the tiny little town of Los Angeles. I'm Tom Merritt and from Studio Redwood. I'm Sarah Lane, the vast metropolis of Salt Lake City. I'm Scott Johnson. I'm a shows producer, Roger Jane. We were just talking about Sarah's experience watching the wire and Scott's experience seeing Metallica at a drive-in theater. If you want to get that expanded conversation, become a member and get good day internet at patreon.com slash D T N S. Let's start with a few tech things you should know. Samsung has hopped on the trend of mid range 5G phones announcing the 6.6 inch Super AMOLED Galaxy A42 5G with a rear quad cam layout. It's launching later this year, but we don't have a price yet. Samsung also announced the 10.4 inch Galaxy Tab A7 tablet with quad Dolby Atmos speakers in gold, silver and gray. No pricing for that either, though. And the wireless charger trio. This is the one I'm actually kind of excited about, which can charge three devices at once. Sam Mobile says it will sell it for 99 euros. JBL announced five new Bluetooth speakers, the JBL Go 3. It's an IP67 dust and waterproof device with five hours of battery life for thirty nine ninety five. That'll happen in October. The chip for has a carbon, excuse me, what I say? Oh, I didn't say it right. The clip for has a carbiner is an IP67 as well and 10 hours of battery life. That's a lot. That'll be in Europe in November and December here in the US for sixty nine dollars ninety five cents. The extreme three is improved drivers and base with 15 hours of battery and a phone charger and syncing capability in Europe in October and November in the US for three hundred forty nine ninety five. And the party box on the go comes with lights and the wireless mic plus mic and guitar inputs as well as auxiliary and USB that's in Europe now. And in US it'll end up on or end up here on October 25th for two hundred dollars, two hundred ninety nine dollars ninety five cents and the party box three ten has all that. And I handle in wheels with two hundred and forty watts of sound in Europe later this month in the US. October 25th for ninety nine ninety five. After previewing new chips at Architecture Day twenty twenty or earlier this year, Intel officially announced its first eleventh gen Tiger Lake processors for laptops with Thunderbolt four support Wi-Fi six. You can get episodes to know a little more that will explain what those are bumps and performance and battery life over the Ice Lake line. The eleventh gen designs will be in Intel's U series now called UP three and why series class chips or UP four led by the core I seven one eighteen five G seven base speed starting at three gigahertz a maximum single core turbo boost of up to four point eight gigahertz and a maximum all core boost of up to four point three gigahertz. Tiger Lake also features Intel's Iris Z or XE integrated graphics with ninety six C use and a maximum graphic speed of one point three five gigahertz has a built in AI engine which Intel says will improve video calls support such as better background blurring and it can also support an eight K HDR display or up to four four K displays at once products with Tiger Lake inside are going to start arriving this autumn and there will be a bunch of them designed to offset a new digital services tax introduced by the UK government. Apple is adding an extra two percent on developer fees on the app store in the UK on top of the usual 20 percent value added tax known as VAT or VAT. Google is increasing fees for all advertising bought on Google ads and YouTube in the UK by two percent as well and starting September first Amazon is also increasing fees. So that was yesterday for third party sellers by two percent. Meanwhile Reuters reports that Russian lawmaker Fedot Tumasov a member of the state Duma which is Russia's Russia's lower house and its parliament has proposed a bill that would see all Apple store transactions capped at 20 percent down from its usual 30. Will that work? Not sure yet. But it is being proposed. The law would also mandate that a third of the App Store Commission would be paid to the Russian government and a fund to train people in I.T. It was just drive Apple crazy. Not even the conflict is the idea of different percentages in different countries. It's a fortnight moment happening in Russia. Podcast production company Parkast which Spotify acquired last year is unionizing. The company says it wants a commitment from Spotify to cover things like overtime compensation and clear job descriptions equitable pay transparent salary bands and movement around creative and IP Spotify now or sorry now can choose to recognize the union voluntarily which would be followed by contact or contract negotiations or request a vote from union members to prove that they have support Spotify owned Gimlet media and the ringer are also organized through the WGA union and still that is in negotiations. All right. Let's talk a little bit about India. India's I.T. ministry has said that the Indian cybercrime coordination center and home ministry sent a recommendation which sounds like it's optional but it's not to block 118 more apps considered quote prejudicial to sovereignty and integrity of India defense of India security of state and public order. So when they order these blocks that means the app stores have to keep them from being downloaded ISPs get the order as well. I'm not sure exactly what if anything they're expected to do. There are ways around it if you're using a VPN such but essentially it makes it really hard to get these apps if you're in India. Among the list of Chinese apps being blocked this time are popular game PUBG several of the WeChat spinoffs and Baidu. The main version of WeChat was already blocked along with TikTok previously but they had a few WeChat branded sub apps that are now on the list as well. A total of 224 Chinese apps have now been ordered blocked in India. You know second most populous nation on earth next to China in a border dispute with China. We talk about gosh what if the US were to stop WeChat from being available in the app store. India is not only doing that to WeChat but to 224 Chinese apps and then it's already done it no no in 45 days unless you sell or anything they're gone in a huge country. Yeah I mean it's it's given how some of these things are playing out in other places such as the US and how it's being played out differently. You know India kind of going like now you're just blocked. We don't we don't we don't want these apps. I mean maybe if the Chinese apps in question could come back and figure something out sorry about that. My phone is ringing. Don't want to talk to you right now. If there could be some negotiation in the future maybe so but you know India taking a hard line here and yeah like you mentioned Tom I mean a lot of people in India and there are a lot of other apps they can use. Yeah I do the interesting bit to me the reason I was I was super curious about the PUBG being kind of singled out and it's because they did single them out in their parliamentary standing committee. They brought it up as an issue given its effect on youth like hey a lot of kids play this.  Well if I told you that there was a new gadget called the Premier. What would you think it was. Anybody. I already know so I can't really imagine.  All right I'll just tell you Samsung announced the Premier which is a 4k short throw laser projector. Samsung says it can be placed directly in front of a wall and still present an optimal picture. So that's good for folks who say I don't really have a room to mount a projector and get that distance and in all the things that might have held them back before. The Premier includes woofers and acoustic beam virtual surround sound as well and the Premier LS not P 9T rather offers up to a 130 inch projection with peak displays of 2800 anti lumens and HDR 10 plus. There's also the LS P 7T with 100 120 inch projection and a little bit less brightness. Both models support the UHD filmmaker mode and they're coming to Europe and the US and Korea later this year. But again don't have prices. I'm guessing expensive if I had to guess. But I have friends and family in particular. I just talked to them about this the other day that are eyeing this and want this real bad. So projection enthusiasts and those who have maybe makeshift and or really well made home theater systems probably pretty stoked about. Yeah. Short throw isn't new but as Sarah said it's super convenient. So some people were willing to take a hit in quality in order to have the convenience of being able to just put it up against the wall and not have to have to figure out where to stick it in a small room. But this is up in the game 130 inch screen projection Max 4K with some nice sound like you say Scott probably going to be pricey but it is something that is super convenient. And as we've heard from Robert Herron every time he's on the show you know projection is his favorite because it gives you flexibility and high quality at the same time. Right. And you're going to it's going to last you a while 4K. You know we still there's still the conversation about whether 4K is truly giving you that much more than 1080p. And certainly would 8K even do less for your overall experience. This is going to last a while. This will be expensive but an investment that will make sense for a lot of people. I mean I'm. Yeah forget the 4K it's the HDR 10 plus plus the brightness that 2800 ansi lumens are the LSP 90. That's that's great. Yeah the brightness is huge in this situation like anybody who's tried to do projection theater. It's terrible if you have bad lumens. So that's huge. Like I feel like this is going to going to tide people for a long time and they'll be OK investing a little extra money. Yeah. Well I mean it gives you lumens say hey great. Thank you. Thanks I'm saying. Also just having gone through a somewhat challenging mounting of my TV when I moved into the place that I live now because it's above a fireplace. I also have the added complexity of all of my walls or wood panel. So we'd have to rethink that before you'd have to get a screen you know which does complicated screen or you know cleverly paint or you know that sort of thing. But but the idea of just having fewer things that have to be mounted that are heavy and there's cords you know and that and and more kind of like oh where do you want to project this right now type thing you know even if there's a piece of art you know take it off the wall and I you know now you have a TV. That's pretty cool. That's right. Turn lumens into lumen aid. All right not just fishing for titles I promise. Twitter will add pinned tweets and short descriptions to some trending topics so you can figure out why they're trending in 17 different markets. Twitter says more than 500,000 people tweeted the words why is this trending. That's the the entire phrase in 2019 pinned tweets will be suggested by an algorithm and chosen by a human person as opposed to a robot person. Descriptions will be human written. Also Twitter announced the launch of two new accessibility teams. The CE team will work on accessibility within Twitter from office space to policy standards and the EAT team will work on making products and features more accessible. Automated captions for audio and video are expected to launch in early 2021. That's so good. That is so good. Twitter took a lot of heat when they put out some of the audio stuff particularly for not having captions just making it inaccessible. So this is this is long overdue but good job. Twitter on that the trending thing Sarah I know we were talking in our pre show that neither one of us really look at the trending topics but every once in a while you do run across that thing where you're like why is this being tweeted by people so much. Oh very much so I use a third party app. I use tweet but there are others and but you know I think Tom you said you use regular low web Twitter but you don't really look at trending topics and so I do see that a lot. Why is this trending and I don't know the context because I'm like I don't you know things trend all the time and you know and then you kind of like is it global or is it U.S. only and who's got the time. Some of you do and that's fine but but but yeah good for you to have a little bit more context in those times where I'm like but why is this trending what's the news story because I sometimes end up blind searching and kind of looking at stuff I'm like I'm not really sure what this all is and then I have to parse it and if Twitter is saying hey let's curate this a little bit more by giving you contextual information especially if the news topic and pin some stuff at the top that would be helpful. Yeah I like you say I use the regular old Twitter app but I never go to the trending topics I highly recommend never go to the trending topics do not use it as a news source it will make your life better but I will see those hashtags in the people I follow and I'll be like why is a go to hashtag what is it this time like and and so then I might actually go to trending topics in the future to get that explanation I think this is a really good yeah maybe there would be fewer fakes so and so died because that's what people always assume anytime anyone's trending on Twitter. Yeah like if somebody who's the last remaining golden girl or I forgot her name sorry. A strawberry. Betty White. So when I see Betty White's name and trending I do what other people do I freak out I go no Betty White national treasure she can't be dead no go look at the trending stuff and it's no she did a video with Snoop Dogg or something. But yeah but that's a very good example if you're like oh no oh no is what I think it is yeah why is it trending. It almost never is but now you can be sure. Yeah there you go. The story is so February 2020 a tech conference is happening with people attending it. The first tech conference to host attendees in person since before March. Ifa kicks off in Berlin September 3rd we've been talking about you know stuff happening in advance of ifa or ifa announcements coming out because Samsung usually has a huge booth at ifa they're not this year they're just doing their announcements on their own but there are some companies at ifa in Berlin displaying to the five thousand people attending usually this conference has two hundred thousand attendees or more they are limiting attendance per day I think I couldn't find exact confirmation except back when they announced it in April but at that time they were saying it would be limited to a thousand per day. So if you've got a three day conference that's three thousand plus you have the vendors and there's like eight hundred journalists attending in person so that probably gets it up to five thousand. Most of the business of ifa is still being done virtually everything's streaming online you can go see all the announcements as they happen online without being there but I find it interesting where CES was going to have an in-person in January then backed off of it because they said they just didn't think people were comfortable that ifa stuck to their guns in Germany which is having a little bit of a resurgence very small one of the virus saying no we think if we just limit it we can do it safely and it's still worth doing. Yeah I think this may be I don't know if it'll be a trendsetter or not because we'll have to see. They're kind of I was talking before the show they're kind of in a weird rock and hard place because if even one person gets sick then this is going to be called oops too soon what have we done.  People always were already talking about that from CES last year in January like oh people got sick maybe it was the coronavirus like well maybe but also CES people always get sick at these things. Yeah I had people in November from BlizzCon who were super sick and thought maybe early and there were a lot of Chinese players from the eSports teams there and they brought it with them and you know we people can go on for days about speculation about this sort of thing so I feel like they're kind of hosed either way and I just hope it's a good conference for those who attend and it's a minimum amount of spread of anything is possible but I don't I don't see how it feels like a no wind to me on the other end of it. And you have to assume that you know everyone involved with putting EFA on has thought long and hard about how to keep people as safe as possible and I have no doubt that they will do their best. I have never been to EFA but if I'm going to compare it to a variety of other conventions I've been to yeah it's kind of shoulder shoulder situation you're touching things a lot of this is tactile things where you're like oh cool let me look at this pick it up that kind of thing and you know handshaking and just none of that will be able to happen and you have much fewer people in any sort of enclosed area at one time it can be done I guess in theory but I I hope for the best. Well let's hope for the best here it this is actually kind of cool Acer announced the 24.5 inch Predator X25 gaming monitor with a 360 Hertz refresh rate you heard me right people that means frames are displayed every 2.8 milliseconds the Predator X25 rather also comes with the Nvidia G-Sync processor to reduce tearing and runs Nvidia's reflex latency analyzer to report on mouse and monitor in PC performance no price no availability yet but if you're wondering if this is something that you actually want or need sounds cool but do your eyes need this Alex Wiltshire over at PC Gamer had a really good write-up about frame rates and refresh rates and what the human eye can really see and what it actually can't turns out among other things peripheral vision is different but then straight ahead vision so detecting motion is different than detecting light for example and when you can probably see the difference above about 20 Hertz in fact people who game more often get better at it it doesn't mean it'll make you a better game player so if you're already questioning and arguing go read that article for more but I guess the question now is if you know that you're not going to be better at a game by seeing better do you care about seeing better well and also can you actually tell the difference and there's also a tendency for gamers to I've done this you'll you'll see something that's previous gen and then you'll see new gen and you'll go oh you can see how different it is but if you actually went and quantified the differences it's actually pretty small or if you did a comparison back to back you'd see how small it is but in this particular case like frame rate and refresh rate and all of that has been really important for gamers for a while because we have seen tangible jumps in the in the technology and it's translated you know with evidence that it looks better feels better seems smoother all that sort of stuff or eyes are detecting more smooth motion better frame rates and so on but we're getting to the point of diminishing returns a little bit like 4k to 8k or 8k to 16k we're going to get to a point where we just can't tell the freaking difference on our 75 inch TV same things here I don't think anybody with a 240 hertz or 144 hertz monitor is going to see substantial differences between that and this but if you don't already have something higher than 60 or 59 then maybe this is the jump to take because now you're going to be so maxed out it'll never matter and depending on the price right unless you're just paying for something that doesn't matter but you're also getting other things like the reflex latency analyzer and stuff like that which that might make it worthwhile but the 360 hertz may not be the thing that matters here in your decision the thing I took away from Wilchers article at pcgamer.com was that yes those of you saying but I can tell the difference can tell the difference but it doesn't mean anything it just means you can tell it's there it means you notice tearing it means that your peripheral vision is maybe a little more acute because you've trained it it doesn't improve your gaming because it's your other visual aspects that matter in your response time and so saying I can tell and having the feeling that it's better doesn't actually affect your gameplay and so I found that it's very fascinating it might just make your overall experience better it might make sure and that's a different thing if you're like yeah but it's just more enjoyable because i'm not being distracted by tearing and getting all frustrated right then you're back to price and until we know that that'll that'll be a hard thing to get but yeah sometimes the cutting edge is stuff you don't need but you still want to be kind of but even that it's like 50 60 even the ability to tell the difference starts to max out at a certain point maybe a hundred I don't know they don't really know that's the thing different people everybody's different hey folks if you want to get all the tech headlines each day in about five minutes be sure to subscribe to daily tech headlines dot com microsoft has launched a three part plan to fight deep fakes feel like we need to have a whiteboard up behind me the first is a tool meant for political campaigns and journalists this is not something you'll go download yourself it's called the video authenticator it detects quote the blending boundary of the deep fake and subtle fading or grayscale elements that might not be detectable to the human eye so this is machine learning trained and it's looking for things go yep that's indicative that this might be faked uh it will deliver a percentage frame by frame as you're watching the video uh that includes a square on the video showing green when the video appears to be more than 50 percent chance of real as well as the percentage number and then it turns red if it's more than 50 percent chance faked and you get that percentage number the tool was trained off the face forensic plus plus public data set and tested on the deep fake detection challenge data set so these are top tools microsoft wrote the fact that deep fakes are generated by ai that can continue to learn makes it inevitable that they will beat conventional detection technology so they're not saying this is the silver bullet they're saying this is part of an arms race however in the short run such as the upcoming us election advanced detection technologies can be a useful tool to help discerning users identify deep fakes microsoft's partnering with the ai foundation to make the tool available to organizations that need it campaigns and journalists can contact the reality defender 2020 project to learn more that's at rd2020.org microsoft doesn't stop in there though it knows deep fakes can slip through detection it's also working on a system to let content producers add digital hashes and certificates to their media this would allow you to verify authenticity users could install a browser extension and then as we are looking at something if we know it's from a creator that says yes i've authenticated mine you can check certificates and match hashes to certify with high accuracy whether that's the authentic content on altered microsoft made that tool for the bbc led trusted news initiative its verification arm called project origin will test the system with the aim of making it the standard so the first project the authenticator the video authenticator aims to detect fakes if it doesn't detect a fake that doesn't mean it isn't fake but the ones that does detect are very likely fakes so that's useful on one side the second project is the other side it aims to detect reality if content isn't authenticated it doesn't mean it isn't real but if it does validate with this tool it very likely is real now there's a third system i mentioned it's just general awareness so microsoft's partnering with the university of washington a deep fake detection database company called sensiti and usa today to raise awareness of deep fakes the partnership launched the spot the deep fake quiz at aka.ms slash spot deep fakes where you can learn about synthetic media develop critical media literacy skills and gain awareness of the impact of synthetic media on democracy if you're like i already know deep fakes exist this will help you understand what they can and can't do they're also going to support a public service announcement campaign to encourage people to pause and make sure information is reputable before they share or promote it so i noticed something the other day on facebook there was a video that got a lot of traction i'm gonna have to get into the actual video but it was a video that was edited to look like an interview happened that never happened and that's not a deep fake no it's not it's just an edit and yeah which is why which is why bring it up if if this stuff could also i know they're not stating this directly it's all about deep fakes but if this stuff could also help us down that road because i'm i'm actually a little more worried about the second tool could help there if the original video maker had authenticated it and you had an extension running you would have been able to see oh this has been altered by that extension now that said we didn't need the help everyone very quickly said ah that's been edited like i found out about that video because someone was pointing out that it had been edited not because i saw the original video right yeah and then i guess what i'm saying is at the point of view deep fakes or edits whatever they may be at the point of viewership that's when this needs to happen or that's what we need to work toward because finding out after the fact or after it's been shared 50,000 times oh by the way that's fake well then a lot of people that already it fits their narrative have already accepted it as real and moved on to five other videos that may have been real or fake and they're not even remembering that when they just know it you know served the purpose it served i think i think ultimately it'd be great if my 82 year old mom could see a video and see that there's a little dot at the bottom that says you know does not authenticate or whatever and give her a little bit of hover over information or something i've something like that i feel like is the future for this stuff and if not then it's a lot of well i found out later or i was i'm media savvy so i understand when this stuff's fake because i learned this thing so now i got to tell all my friends who aren't that way like it just feels like we need a i don't know if it's a standard or not but some way of like oh yeah this is fake and i'm being told that it is or and it's not just simply like twitter saying manipulated media click if you still want to see it like more than that like metadata i would like to see more of that happen and come out of these great programs these are great i love to see microsoft doing this is great yeah i mean this stuff is this is this is very cool and i was mentioning to the guys before the show quite honestly i mean i'm glad it hasn't happened but i am shocked that deep fake stuff hasn't become more of a way to get out of you know bad behavior and i don't i mean not even calling out anybody specifically but i can think of you know videos yeah that were made to look like somebody was saying something that they weren't and then another video and maybe these are you know opposing views on on one hand where i kind of go like well that one was so this one probably is also fake right because they're just using the same methodology but that's not necessarily true and i just don't i don't see a lot of people being like that's clearly a fake video i never said those things at which case somebody who is also in the room would have to be like well you did and i have you on a recording and then there's a whole you know there's a whole other conversation to be had but i'm surprised especially in you know it certainly in the u.s. a heating up political climate that we haven't seen more conversations about deep fakes beyond kind of stuff that someone says like literally what happened and then a bunch of other people go that's just fake yeah because it's really hard to make this stuff stick keep in mind that what we get upset about is that somebody was spreading it around what we don't seem to see is people changing their mind usually people swayed by a deep fake are swayed because it reinforces what they already believe and pointing out that it's fake doesn't change that because they already believed it yeah so this stuff really doesn't have much of an effect because it's very quickly outed which i think is why sarah you don't see people trying to like use deep fakes like oh that's not real it was fake because it's very quickly shown that it is real it doesn't i mean we can i think it's important i think the awareness part of this is the most important versus actually trying to catch stuff because it doesn't seem to actually change minds just reinforces people and awareness is the best way to keep going along that route of like be you know be skeptical about what you see pause before you share something to make sure it's true well uh don't pause before you jump into the conversation in her discord because everything there is true like you know grain of salt but they're wonderful people you can join by linky to a patreon account at patreon.com slash dtns let's check out the mailbag let's do it right before the show big jim wrote in our discord regarding autonomous vessels because we were talking about autonomous boats yesterday on the show big jim says yes it makes sense for smaller applications such as C's subsea cable lane or basic exploration whale monitoring yes we still have vessels to do that however i can tell you there's a huge amount of interest from the steamship lines right now for containerized vessel vessels and row row which is roll on roll off like a car carrier vessels to go down the automated road there are several reasons for this but the most current is thanks to the wonderful joker of 2020 covid due to covid there's been less and less opportunities for vessels to change out their crews in fact the seafarers international union allowed vessels to maintain the same crews beyond the normal three to five months by an extra three to four months then when they finally did start to swap out crews there was no country willing to allow the transfers to take place for over a month so don't count out the big nine vocc's that's vessel ocean common carrier to try and push this as much as possible in fact reported last year on dtns i brought up the story that mitsui ocean line or mol which is a member of the one federation of japanese vocc's has been testing autonomous vessels between mainland china and japan thank you big jim for always being on the beat appreciate it seriously also thanks to patrons at our master and grandmaster levels including chris miff mark gibson and reed fischler also thanks to the one the only scott johnson scott what's been going on well i'm happy to report that tom and i and our little project on the side current geek chronicles which we've been working very hard on is in full swing for its season episode two dropped yesterday last night you can grab it now if you're already subscribed to current geek you'll get it if you haven't then go find current geek chronicles at current geek dot com or wherever you get your podcast we do a deep dive on sort of why is wrestling so popular why do people nerd out about it the way that others nerd about their favorite thing tom and i are a little bit noobs to it although we know enough about wrestling to get in trouble so this is a great way to educate ourselves pulling some great guests actual pro wrestlers and talk about it i think people are really like it it's wrapped up in a very entertaining cool package that's at current geek dot com go check it out and give it a listen yeah and it's not just about wrestling and the wrestling episode is great whether you like wrestling or not but we also have an episode already in there about the history of the term manna how it ended up in video games we've got one coming out about the violent video game panic of the 1990s we've got one coming out about all those cables why do we have so many different cables scuzzy in usb so you want to get in on this and stay subscribed current geek dot com you can also support this show and get all kinds of cool content as well including no a little more no a little more as a podcast you can subscribe separately out there in the wild world or you can just have it delivered to you on a plate or rather in an rss feed at patreon.com slash dtns our email address is feedback at dailytechnewshow.com and we do love your feedback so keep it coming we're also live Monday through Friday and we would love you to join us at 4 30 p.m. Eastern 20 30 UTC find out more at dailytechnewshow.com slash live Justin Robert Young is with us tomorrow talk to you then this show is part of the frog pants network get more at frogpants.com time club hope you have enjoyed this program


As we come to our final speaker this morning, there's a whole lot of agita to take a deep breath about what I would say to introduce him. I could easily have talked about a man who left Princeton 21 years ago so that he could begin to build a movement that has all of you in this room today. I could have talked about a man who pulled together the highly placed and the humble so that in 2000 the single largest at that time criminal justice reform, Proposition 36, would be passed. I could have talked about all the people he brought together so in New York so the Rockefeller drug laws were finally in at long last dismantles. I could have talked about a man who helped bring together the resources so that Proposition 47 passed in California, but instead I want to talk about a man who stood by my side in my darkest moments. I want to talk about a man I've watched, allow me to homeschool my daughter from the office when she was being brutalized in her school and he found a way to let her be there so I could continue to work and support her. My deepest depression, when he could have had legitimate reasons to fire me, he held me closer. He took care of me with the constructive care of a father and a friend in the very same way he raised his own beautiful daughter Lila in. The same way that he does with this movement is with an abundance of emotion and even more pride that I ask you to welcome. My friend, my colleague, my beloved Dr. Ethan Nadelman. Damn, Asha. You know how to welcome a guy. You have no idea how beautiful you all look from up here. I can't believe it. I cannot believe it. There's never been a gathering like this to try to end the war on drugs. Never a group this big, this dynamic, this incredible. And I have to correct just one thing that Asha said earlier. She said there were people not just from most of the states in this country but from 31 countries. There's people here from 71 countries. That has not happened either.  And I really just think that this, I need to just start with a few moments of reflection about where we've been, where we are, and where we're going and about the issues that we're confronting as we evolve from a nascent fringe movement into one that increasingly has something that many of us are unfamiliar with. And that's power. That's power. That itself presents its own sets of challenges as we grow. As I look at the history of other movements, the ones that came before us and that still persist and grow for gay rights and civil rights and women's rights and other movements for freedom and social justice, I know the challenges that they have faced as well. The inevitable tendencies to begin to break apart and to be consumed by internal tensions and all of the things that come. And the question I keep asking is how long we know we are already manifesting that, but I know that we can keep going further and bigger and better because only by continuing to build out what unites us, even as we expand into other realms, will we actually ultimately accomplish our objectives. Last week I went to see a movie called Trumbo. It was about a guy, a screenwriter, who was blacklisted during the 1950s. It was about the era of McCarthyism. One of the things I realized is that when I say the era of McCarthyism, many of you don't even know what I'm talking about. And I'm not just talking about those of you from outside the United States, but to sum it up in just a couple of sentences, McCarthyism was that horrific period in America predominantly during the 1950s. When we come out of World War II with all the elation and celebration, and all of a sudden we found ourselves in this cold war and fears of communism, of what Russia might do to America and of communist spies, were everywhere. And during that time, people like a senator named Joe McCarthy and lots of others like him, they played on people's fears. They created blacklists and they terrorized people. They destroyed lives and careers and families, did horrific things. Some people went to prison. People were silenced and censored, dragged up before congressional committees, described as un-American by a committee on un-American activities. And one of the most horrible things about it all was that the vast majority of Americans went along. They went along. And one of the things that saddens me today is that even as the Americans in the 1960s and after that began to repudiate that history of McCarthyism, that there was some lacking of accountability, there was some failure to call it a talent and some failure to ensure that future generations knew about McCarthyism and about other periods of McCarthyist-like activity in our past so that we could learn and remember and know something of what might lie ahead or of the injustices of which we fight, that they were grounded in something else. Well, that's when I was sitting there watching that movie and just thinking about the war on drugs and where we lie now because, you know, what happened in the late 1980s and the 1990s, you know, for that matter, under Nixon's 70s, but truly in the 80s and the 90s and into the first decade of this century, was something like McCarthyism on steroids. Right? It resembled McCarthyism in that it played on real fears of the American people, fears about drugs coming into our country, fears about junkies and drug addicts and drug dealers and all sorts of things. It played on that. But what it also shared in common was the fact that almost everybody went along. Almost everybody went along.  It became almost the great global consensus where America and Cuba and Libya and Russia could all agree on something, which was that we needed a global war on drugs no matter the costs or the consequences. And what pains me about today is that we barely know our history and that there has been no accountability, that the Joe McCarthy's of the drug war still stand strong and people get on in our societies and have not been called out. And so I've been thinking about the challenge. This has been a lot of my mind of late. The challenge of a political movement as we are entering what might best be described as our second generation. Where some of you here were here in the old days of the Drug Policy Foundation where we met almost every year, some 300 or 400 of us, maybe a group that could fit in this part of the room right here. And where we were in the midst of a horrific war on drugs and a small number of people standing up and saying something was wrong. And then I think about those of you who are younger than my daughter. Those of you who are still in college or younger or just a few years older. Those of you who were born after the war on drugs was declared in the late 1980s. Those of you who don't know who William Bennett was. You laugh. But many of you have never heard that name until it just came out of my mouth. And the thing is that what I began thinking about was the challenges of each generation.  And we have the benefit of knowing this history. We have the benefit of the wisdom acquired in years and decades of struggling for justice. We know that of which we came from. We know how horrific this would be. And when we see the little victories of today, we know how to embrace and appreciate what has actually been accomplished. But I also know that there's downsides that come with all having been in this for so many decades. It's the sense in which we were so accustomed to the horrific history that sometimes we begin to lose sight of what the vision could be for a radically different world. It's sometimes we begin to lack faith in the capacity for change. It's sometimes that some of us become afraid of victory.  And do I actually like what it is that I've created? And we see that happening in the marijuana reform today. We sure do. What a struggle it is. And I live that struggle inside myself every single day. Every single day. My God, we're winning. We're winning. Oh, my God. Four stays down. Majority of the public. We're right behind the gay rights movement in achieving victory. Oh, my God. And then, oh, my God. Those guys in Ohio, if you'd want it, it would have lit up American politics and if you'd want it, oh, my God. A constitutionally mandated oligopoly for the agricultural product that every American should be free to grow. I don't know. And then I think about the younger generation. And I get angry sometimes. I say, learn your damn history.  But then I realize, wait a second, it's my obligation and all of you older generation to teach that history, right? And to reflect on that history, not just as old funny dud, he's talking about how bad the old days were, but really to convey that. Because right here in this room, we are the history and we are the future of this movement. It is by us informing one another because what do the young bring? They bring energy and they bring passion and they bring new ways of looking. They are unburdened by the constraints and whatever happened before. They can see what lies ahead. And I give all my wisdom of an elder can say, well, yeah, you think that's going that way, but let me tell you what's going to happen because I've seen this before. Odds are, I'm going to be right more times than not. But the fact of the matter is that when I'm wrong and they're right, that's where the real progress begins to happen. It's understanding the new things that can happen to end this, the new directions. Now, it's all of these dialectics that's on my mind. The dialectic between old and young is just one of them and how we maintain an increasingly multi-generational campaign and a movement to end the war on drugs to the point where actually, you know, we actually have a debate. Should we even be attacking the war on drugs anymore? Because we're at a point where the vast majority of Americans and most other people believe the war on drugs has failed. Then when we're beginning, you know, for 20 years, Drug Policy Alliance has said end the war on drugs and now we're saying, do we need a new phrase? Do we need to talk about ending drug prohibition? Do we need to talk about ending punitive prohibition? Do we need to keep our language evolving? But one of the other things I think about is the dialectical relationship between drug policy reform as a movement in and of itself seeking to infuse others and all the other movements for freedom and social justice that are out there and that weave together and intermingle with ours. It is about on the one hand retaining, embracing, building out our uniqueness as drug policy reformers while keeping our minds and our hearts and everything open to the opportunities to be part and to meld with other movements. That itself is its own challenge. You know, what did this movement grow out of? It grew out of the horrific period in the late 80s and early 90s when this massive war on drugs was declared. It grew out of a period when millions of Americans were being terrorized and demonized. It came out of a period when the First Lady of the United States said that the casual marijuana user was the most dangerous person in America. It grew out of a period when all of a sudden Jim Crow was being replaced by a massive, massive attack on people of color in this country. It came at a time when people, a new generation growing up in the 80s that was actually embracing some of this stuff where a sense that the young would set us free in the future was actually when the 80s replaced the 70s and the 60s, the period of rebellion, the 70s of live and let live was replaced by the 80s, the generation of conformity and all of a sudden our hopes that youth could lead something were dashed. We emerged that the realization that was happening with the war on drugs was fundamentally wrong.  That's what was said in those days. We grew out of the notion and the principle that nobody but nobody deserves to be punished or discriminated against or amongst, based solely upon what we put into our bodies so long as we do no harm to others. We grew out of that notion, that fundamental human rights, civil libertarian, human rights, civil rights, human rights notion about sovereignty of our own mind and body and what happens when you begin to act as if human beings who have done no harm to others deserve to lose their freedom for days, weeks, months, years or decades. We grew out of that, a sense of our fundamental uniqueness. It was our consciousness of the stigma attached to human beings who use those drugs instead of those drugs, that that stigma was not justified. It grew out of the notion of people being deprived of their access to the medications they needed because taking that medication by definition made you an addict. It grew out of the understanding that what American foreign policy was doing to the rest of the world in projecting our abysmal, paranoid drug war unto the rest of the world was fundamentally wrong and something for which we as Americans needed to apologize to the rest of the world. And it grew also out of remarkable partnership between left, right and center. A movement at which base and passion came so much from the left part of the American political spectrum and the similar ones outside, but we're conservatives like William Buckley and Milton Friedman and George Schultz and others were every bit as passionate about ending this war on drugs for their own conservative and libertarian reasons. We were to some extent and are remaining to some extent unique. Those of us who came from the left knew there was something fundamentally wrong about the excesses of the dynamism of American capitalism and the ways that people were left behind. But we also had a unique viewpoint that brought us together with people on the right because we had and we still have an upfront seat to precisely how venal government can be in some areas of life. It didn't take American capitalism to produce the war on drugs. It took politicians playing on fear and the interests of prison-hard unions and private corporations but fundamentally driven by fear and political self-interest. We saw how bad government can be. And we made our alliances because those of us on the right also understood that there was something fundamentally wrong. Something fundamentally wrong with depriving people of their basic freedoms of wasting government resources, of building mass incarceration that that too was wrong. And what unites left, right and center in this drug policy reform movement I think it's that we care about freedom. Freedom. Freedom. Drug policy reform is many things but it is foremost a movement for liberty and freedom. Freedom from oppression, freedom from fear, freedom from incarceration, freedom from racism, freedom. That's what we need to keep in mind that that core element of freedom is absolutely pivotal to who we are. It is what unites us with all the other human rights movements that have gone before us and the ones of which we are increasingly becoming a part. Yet at the same time opportunities are presenting themselves to join with other movements, to become part of other movements. The movements now what's going on with race in this country and to some extent some others, I mean, that is us and that will be us. That is us and that will be us. I mean, look, we all know the fact of the matter is there are millions and millions of white people in this country and around the world who have been victimized, destroyed, killed, maceated and diseased by this war on drugs. There is no monopoly on victimization by non-white people in this country or anywhere else and we must always remember that, that this has been to some extent not an equal opportunity but a universal victimization. Yet at the same time, at the same time, we also know that this war on drugs is overwhelmingly and disproportionately a war on people of color in this country and around the world. We know that to be the case. We know that when you look historically, when you look historically at why some drugs are legal and others not, it has almost nothing to do with the relative risks or dangers of drugs and almost everything to do with who used or who was perceived to use particular drugs. We know that the origins of opiate prohibition were about demonization and terrorization of Chinese people in this country. That the origins of the cocaine prohibition laws were about targeting blacks. That the origins of the marijuana laws were about targeting Mexican Americans and Mexican migrants. We know that there is no way we could have mass incarceration in America today if most of the people being incarcerated were white people, not people of color. We know all that to be true. And we also know that just as America's experience with racism and with slavery is exceptional compared to all of the societies, that the fact of racism and the drug war, racism manifesting through the drug war occurs all around the world.  Look at how we had the criminalization of coca and the demonization of the Indians in Latin America. Look at the ethnic and racial minorities in Asia who are being terrorized and demonized in this way as well. Racism is not our unique American experience even though it is unique in its own ways here, but it is a global phenomenon and it is the one in which the drug war is interwoven and played on that to do immense harm. This is a global struggle for freedom and equality. Yes, we are a human rights matter which means that all lives matter.  Black lives matter and the way it connects to drug policy reform is that the war on drugs was what gave legitimacy and energy and resources to the mass incarceration of black and brown people in this country. It was the policy that legitimized the placing on of hands and the placing on of handcuffs onto black and brown bodies in this country. The association that because your skin was that darker shade rather than that shade, you fell into a special category in America and for that matter in other countries as well. But here I'm talking about in America that you could be deprived of the basic rights and freedoms and decencies and dignities. That that's where when we do this town hall tonight about drug policy reform and black lives matter, understand that this is a merging of a movement, a merging of two civil rights movements, a movement for drug policy reform and the new civil rights movement coming together and owning one another, owning one another. And then there's that other dialectic. The dialectic between what it means to be a movement driven by a vision and a movement that day in day fights for the incremental little victories that we can accomplish. And you know something? We're getting more and more of those incremental victories. And they're making more and more of a difference. How many years ago was it when all of us are non-led to campaign for ban the box and now we see the White House and big corporations owning that? How many years ago was it when people didn't know what it was or how to spell the word in the lock zone to reduce over those fatalities? And now we've got Chicago Recovery Alliance, Moms United, everybody else, and the drugs are talking our language. How many years ago was it when we were just trying to eke out one little victory for medical marijuana and now half of America's got legal medical marijuana, dozens of other countries got legal medical marijuana, and we're talking about ending marijuana prohibition entirely? How many years ago when we couldn't even imagine that the government would ever fund a study on psychedelics or that ayahuasca would begin to become a household word? But thanks to the efforts of maps and others, I mean where we are moving forward in a whole new way on that front. How many years was it when the politicians were afraid to say anything other than more drug war and more lock them up and right now in almost every state in the country we are seeing some of those laws being rolled back and people let free? How many years ago was it when the bail bond industry reigned supreme and finally they're suffering some defeats? How many years was it when the private prison corporations got away scot free and now they are on the defensive as are the prison guards unions, right? And looking around the world there's all sorts of places from Uruguay with its cannabis policies to Columbia adding its fumigation of coca to all the other ways in which people are being let out of prison throughout Latin America to the rollback of some of the forced incarceration of people for drug use and drug addiction in Asian countries. We are making progress. We are making progress. But here's the thing again. The further we go, the more opportunity there is both to lose sight of that common vision to become seized by something else to forget what it is we're fighting for to know how to remind and guide our allies to do the right thing. You know, when some of our allies a couple decades ago embraced drug courts, drug courts is the answer. And God knows there are some drug court judges out there doing the Lord's work and for those of you from outside the U.S. you need to understand that drug and drug courts are quite different from your far more humane drug courts in other countries especially in Europe and Canada. But you know something so often drug courts which might provide a benefit to a small number of people as they became the systemic approach for alternatives to incarceration did more harm than good. They ended up being two steps forward and three steps back. It's an understanding of the potential for two steps forward and three steps back that we need to watch out for. That we need to keep our eye on that broader vision. And it's the dialectic too in dealing with new allies. How strange it was for me and my colleagues the other day to go by and pay a visit to folks working in the drug czar's office. And I said to those guys, you know there's still issues, I know there's space between us when it comes to legalizing Maryland and those European cutting edge approaches like heroin maintenance and safe injection and the decriminalization of all drug possession. But my God, on a whole host of areas like access to methadone, maintenance of buprenorphine like the way the drug court should properly be acting like stopping HIV and supporting needle exchange programs like good Samaritan laws and locks on access to reduce overdose fatalities that they need to roll that matter. And I said to them, do you realize this? You guys now sound more like we do than you sound like any of your predecessors for the last 23 years. And that means that now there's the opportunity to work increasingly with people in government even as we need to keep them honest, to work with the people who exist in power without allowing ourselves to be co-opted. I like to study the most powerful political players because we're not there yet but what do they do? They work with people in government and on Monday they hold hands they kiss and express their affection and they fight together for something and on Wednesday they take it out on those bastards for screwing them on something else. That's what it means to become a movement with power to work with people. Law enforcement law enforcement has been my enemy for a very long time at bail bonds industry those prosecutors the cops locking up people the DA's associations lying their asses off all those people just patting their paychecks with overtime I mean just horrific stuff I mean a truly venal force in America and you know something they are still such a fundamental problem defending their own self-interest by putting more and more people into the thumb of the criminal justice system in this country and so many others right? So we are going after them and we are targeting them and to move forward on asset forfeiture reform to make sure that law enforcement agencies can no longer seize our property without a criminal conviction and keep it for their own benefits that is emerging and re-emerging as a growing priority for drug policy alliance and this growing movement but at the same time something changing in law enforcement in America I'll tell you that something changing and we have some very brave and wonderful law enforcement officers in this audience with us today right? A few months ago drug policy alliance was involved in organizing a meeting on something called LEAD LEAD Law enforcement assisted diversion an amazing diversion program that when police stop people with drugs instead of arresting them they provide them and turn them over to services first a much more European style approach pioneered in Seattle, rolled out then in Santa Fe now embraced by Albany and in that audience for the first time in my life I found myself speaking to hundreds of people coming from law enforcement all around the country for the first time myself I found myself at a meeting where the White House was asking to co-partner with us on a new innovation and what I realized was that law enforcement even as marijuana legalization presents them with an existential dilemma because what are they going to do all about that law enforcement goes we want naloxone we want to have a different way more and more people begin to step up in that way you know what I see an envision for the future there it's when all the wonderful people at LEAD and all the growing number of people in LEAD and when LEAP and LEED you can barely tell them apart where that one letter just doesn't make all that much difference because the brave warriors in LEAP who have fought for ending drug prohibition and the people in LEED working inside the system understand that we are all part of the same struggle all part of the same struggle so history the future we must never forget we must never forget the millions who have suffered and even lost their lives because of the war on drugs we must never forget the millions in this country and millions elsewhere who have lost their freedom because of their involvement with a certain set of drugs rather than one other we must never forget that people have died unnecessarily of HIV and hep C and overdose because governments fail to treat these issues as health issues rather than criminal issues we must never forget the hundreds of thousands dead in Mexico and Latin America and Asia as a result of the absurd crazy drug wars propagated and pushed by my government among all others for all the wrong reasons we must never forget all the farmers and peasants were all over who have had their livelihoods destroyed because the plant they were growing was one of those forbidden products we must never forget the people in law enforcement who lost their lives and struggled against drug traffickers who didn't need to die and didn't need to be fighting that battle we must never forget the people who fought for freedom and just died of the exhaustion of being part of this growing movement we must never forget any of that and we must hold accountable some of those people who justified and legitimized and stood by and stood on the sidelines while all of that happened while all of that happened and for those of you who don't know you younger generation William Bennett was America's first drug czar appointed by the first president George Bush in 1989 he was in some steps the intellectual architect and chief protagonist of the drug war at its most venal times he was the one boldly calling for the death penalty now the punitive measures and giving on the slightest nod to the value of treatment and all of this stuff and he's still out there today often times saying the same things when I think about the modern day analogies the drug war analogies to the Joe McCarthy's of the 50's I think about William Bennett and then I think back at that visit I had even before at Star Linda Smith center in 1994 and I went and a bunch of people said Ethan you should go pay a visit to Ram Dass there used to be Richard Alpert but a wise man, a wise man Ram Dass and I went to see Ram Dass and I told him I had this billionaire George Soros just gonna help turn some of these ideas into action and did he have any advice and thinking about creating an organization and he basically said I'm gonna tell you two things the first one he said was you need to let go of your attachment to the things you're fighting for I said what? he said you gotta let go of your attachment to the things for which you're fighting and I thought about that and reflected on that and what I realized was what he was telling me was win or lose this struggle was worth fighting for whether this victory happens in my life or beyond this struggle is worth fighting for that we are fighting for the right thing for wisdom and righteousness and justice and human rights and whether we win or lose it's the right thing that we're doing I'll tell you this though of course I like that we're winning sorta we're making progress that's for sure and winning is a lot sweeter but in a way I think we're more likely to win when we embrace that message but then the second thing he said to me he said Ethan you need to learn to love William Bennett you're kidding me right he said Ethan you need to learn to love William Bennett and I had to reflect on that one as well reflect hard and deep but I know what he means because on some level even if I may never learn or grow enough to love that man I know that the fears and the views that he represented that that is what drove the war on drugs I know that fundamentally the war on drugs was driven above all by fear by people's fears around their children and drugs, by people's fears around crime, by people's fears around white people's fears around black and brown people and the way that those could be mixed in with drugs by people's older people's fears around young people and lack all of these fears is what he played on and I know that we cannot win unless we find the way to embrace and own what those fears are about we may be more enlightened we may understand these things better but until we understand and own and embrace those fears until we can find the way to hold the hands of those people who are most afraid of what we stand for and find the way for them to embrace our hands we cannot ultimately win we have moved forward on marijuana reform in a way that is truly revolutionary I have to tell you all my life have traveled around the world and giving speeches and start off by apologizing as an American for the harms inflicted by my country, by my government around the world, but now when I travel around I can also say I am proud to be an American because we are leading the world when it comes to sensible reforms of marijuana policies we are leading the world and we in America are proud of that fact we encourage all of you around the world to do the same and to pursue your own models there's nobody saying that you have to embrace the dynamic capitalist model of legalization which will probably inevitably happen in this country we're looking to those of you in Europe to find a different way to do this we're looking to the pioneers to Canada to jump to the fore again and find other ways but what we did succeed in marijuana is transcending that fear level to the point where the ordinary American parent could say you know something I know enough about this phenomena that I am more afraid of what the war on marijuana may do to my child than I am about marijuana itself but we got to do that with the other drugs too and with everything else as well because fear is what lies ahead when all of a sudden we see fears of crime rising again, attention in Baltimore with rising murder rates the growing fear of crime, the ways in which television can play in those fears in politicians when we see our very allies in the legislatures and city councils who agree with us on legalizing marijuana and rolling back mandatory minimums and then a new drug, a new synthetic drug like this and new that the first thing they want to do is to criminalize first and ask questions later we know that they too even our most liberal and progressive allies are afraid so it is by understanding we may be driven by anger by anger with the war on drugs has done in our society and around the world but at the same time until we learn until we can find in our hearts and our minds the ability to love those people who fear grows out of fear in the same way that we see happening today in response to what happened in Paris somehow we need to get there because that's how we will win now have we won? no, of course not are we there even on marijuana? no four states down, 46 to go one country down, 199 to go we have not won have we won on changing the prison population well we got from what people behind bars in America to 450,000 no, we have not won will ending the war on drugs solve the problems of mass incarceration in America? no, it will not because part of our obligation as a drug policy reform movement is to look for the ways in which we can create greater freedom and justice for those incarcerated not just for drug offenses but for the whole range of other offenses where what we bring to this can help enlighten we will win when there is no more war on drugs we will win when the principle that nobody but nobody deserves to be punished simply for what we put into our body's apps and harm to others is embraced in this society in our constitution by our supreme court, by our congress and the same thing in as many countries as possible around the world we will win when common sense and compassion and respect for the human rights even of the most stigmatized to people who use drugs is what becomes the norm we will win when the values for which we fight permeate the rest of society we are the movement for freedom and justice we are the people who love drugs the people who hate drugs and the people who don't give a damn about drugs but every one of us know that the war on drugs is not the right way to do this we are the new human rights movement we will walk in America and around the world and I'll tell you something when we come back together and get in Atlanta two years from now we are going to have double the number of victories under our belt the world is going to be changing and we are going to lead this moment in a way that is going to make history thank you very much thank you thank you thank you everybody have a wonderful three days ahead live and learn


The SARS-CoV-2 virus has been rapidly evolving since its discovery in late 2019. This rapid evolution has led to the development of multiple mutations in the virus's RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, RODRP, which is responsible for replicating the virus's genetic material. In particular, eight new mutations have been identified in the RODRP gene, which are predominant in Europe and North America. Additionally, a silent mutation was found in the UK on February 9, 2020, while another mutation was discovered in Italy, Lombardi, on February 20, 2020. These mutations may contribute to the virus's ability to evade host immunity and develop drug resistance. Furthermore, the presence of these mutations could potentially lead to different mortality rates among individuals infected with the virus. This article was authored by Maria Pichetti, Bruna Marini, Francesca Bernadetti, and others.


This video is presented with the intent of further developing your understanding and application of ethical principles, legal obligations, and the relationship between healthcare professionals and their patients. Watch as we present a relatively common scenario involving a patient request. Dr. Nate Ralston is finishing up an exam with longtime patient Professor Ann Marshall, an anthropologist at the local university. The professor is headed off on a year-long sabbatical to research human-animal disease transmission in one of the poorest regions of Africa. Her trip begins in late January, and presently it is late October. As you watch, try to put yourself in this dentist's position and consider how you might deal with a similar situation in your practice. Well, Professor, what we're going to have to do here is an extraction of that tooth that's been bothering you, and it would be best to put in a bridge to cover that gap. That sounds fine. Do you think we can get it done before my trip? It'll take a series of appointments, but I'm positive we can get all the work done before you leave for Africa. That's good. Now how much is it going to cost? Well, considering the type of bridge we'll have to put in there, two to three thousand dollars, depending on any problems we may have to face. Wow, that's a bit more than I thought. I've already used all my dental coverage this year. This is going to be a problem. Hey, would it be possible for you to do the procedure now and then bill my insurance company after the first of the year? I really can't be handling things that way. What I suggest is you have the work done, pay for it out of pocket, and if need, we can set up a payment plan that will work for you. But Nate, that's why I have dental coverage. I have been putting every extra cent I have away for this trip in Africa. I don't have any extra savings. Look, I'm not going to use my coverage at all next year while I'm in Africa. It'll just go to waste. Honestly, it shouldn't be such a big deal to just post-date it. I have this friend, Dr. Tate. Do you know her? Yeah, she does a ton of mission work over in Haiti and some other countries. She uses what she calls up-coding to pay for some of those mercy trips. Do you think you could do something like that for me? Well, what do you suppose Dr. Ralston should do? You may pause the video here and consider his options or you may continue on to the next section. Here are some possibilities that may have occurred to you. Perhaps it would be beneficial to rate each possibility as, absolutely, you are entirely in agreement. Probably, you think it is a good idea. 50-50, you are not sure. Doubtful, you don't think it is a good idea. Or no way, you completely disagree. You may pause the video after each possible solution to consider the implications of each option. Should Dr. Ralston perform the needed dental work and submit the claims dated in January? Perform the work only if Professor Marshall can pay. Offer to perform the work at a reduced rate as a public service. Make inquiries concerning claims that Dr. Tate is defrauding insurance companies for the public good. Now let us rate the importance of each of these contributing factors as you weigh what is important in your considerations. Rate each one as decisive, important, not clear, little importance, or irrelevant. These contributing factors are as follows. Legal, contractual arrangements with insurance companies. Patients' oral needs and pressing circumstances. Dentists' personal values regarding service. A potential that the inaccurate dating of the procedure will be detected. Dental codes and standards in the community. An overall sense of what is right. Dental practitioners face ethical dilemmas such as this one on any given day. Anticipating how you might resolve such dilemmas is good preparation and can aid each practitioner to find their way out of the challenging questions they sometimes must face.


Since the downfall of Michael Fallon, the British military has a new boss, Defence Secretary Gavin Williamson. Here's three bits of advice for you, Gav. The British press are going to tell you that Gavin Williamson's job is to go to government and lobby for more money for defence. But the problem isn't a lack of money in defence. The problem is massive, expensive vanity projects. Britain is spending £6.5 billion on two aircraft carriers it doesn't need. Spending £2.5 billion on doggie F-35 jets from America. It could be spending as much as £205 billion on trident missile replacements, as well as spending huge amounts of money on a base in Bahrain. These massively expensive projects are about pursuing a defunct policy, which is at once about nostalgia for empire and keeping up with the Americans. What do these projects have in common? They're not about defence, they're about the offensive capability to fight wars in far off places. Gav, you're joining a cabinet which says it's committed to taking back control for Britain. But you need to tell your Brexit mates when you get there that we really need to talk about the special relationship with the US. For example, how many EU bases are there in the UK? None. How many American military bases are there in the UK? Six. We are a military colony. Who controls the UK's nuclear arsenal? Is it the EU? No, it's the Americans. They stopped supporting it, it would fall apart within months. How many wars has the EU dragged us into in the last 15 years? Zero. The US has dragged us into war after war after war. We need to de-link our foreign policy from America's. Last one, Gav, and don't melt. You need to unionise the military. I'm not talking about a licence to mutiny. What I am saying is that Britain's soldiers, sailors and airmen have earned the right to form a union as a basic self-defence mechanism against uncaring generals and indifferent politicians.


Good afternoon and welcome back to the touchline on Y25 for my name is Maxwell Waseek. Of course, cut us off the technology with speaking to men of passion for football from the comfort of their households talking to us with regards to the agenda they have for Kenyan football. Both have declared interest to contest for football Kenyan federation presidency. Of course, I'm with Fredo Penda, the big man himself alongside Tiras, Wajaki resdengel panelist to talk about what is happening in matters football internationally. But just before that, let's link up with Wanbon Faso Seno, football writer, best in Kisuma and Sef Muti. Of course, he's here in Nairobi. He's former Kenyan international son. I can see you good to have you on board one more time. We were talking to us about the state of Kenyan football. We've seen in recent weeks a game of musical chairs, overpayment of Adela Amruch, 100 million Kenyan shillings. Ministry of Sports, of course, representing government is saying that won't pay while football Kenyan federation insisting that they don't have money to pay and even if a ban comes their way, so be it. What's the way forward, man? I think it's very unfortunate because we are finding ourselves in a situation whereby maybe we are going to lose out on a very good platform to showcase our talent. I think the federation is also finding themselves in a very tight spot because they don't have a choice what to pay or we miss out on clean there. I think it's going to work up to the first. To me, I think the right thing to do now and the best interest of the game is to sit down with those who matter. The stakeholders, the government included, we must explain to them, actually this should now go beyond even the federation, we should explain to them that we have a chance here for our youth to showcase their talents and it should not go to waste because we really don't know what may transpire after the pooling and maybe a few talents will be spotted in the best interest of the country and in the best interest of the youth and the talents that we have in so far. I think we should agree as a country, as a government, as football stakeholders that we must not miss the opportunity and to me I think the government is the way out now because if you look at the money from the federation, I think they just received some 500,000 from FIFA that can only pay up to 50 million of whatever Amruchi is asking about which is about 109 million. So even if we take part of that just to make sure that we don't miss then now the government can also come and support and see how we move out of this. But moving forward, I think a mistook like this one should never ever be repeated and in my case it seems that the contracts that we give our national coaches are flexibly enough and it also leaves us in a position of strength so that in case of a dispute then there is a way it can't be something else without the federation in carrying such a process. Saif Mutie, we've seen the pronouncement from the football Kenya federation that Gormaya now are the duly crowned champions after suspension of the league indefinitely due to coronavirus pandemic. In case you get elected the president of the Kenyan FA Will you work consultatively with other stakeholders because we've seen KPL in a rejoinder saying that they were not consulted and FKF has been a one-man show? Yes, what I can say if I can comment about that KPL have a contract with FKF and I think their contract is running out in September 2020. Nick Mwendo should respect all the contents therein in that contract. It is KPL who have been mandated to run the KPL and it is them via the CEO Jaco Guta who are supposed to make any pronouncement about that league. So what has happened is Nick Mwendo has circumvented the law, Nick Mwendo has broken the law, Nick Mwendo has broken the ethics, he is not the one who is supposed to say who has won the league or who has not won. It is up to the KPL CEO to say whether the league should continue or not continue, whether this team has won this has not won, whether this team is going for a litigation or not going for a litigation. If I am FKF president I will respect all the rules and regulations. If I have any contract with any entity I will honor it, I mean this is not rocket science, this is something very simple unless somebody is playing politics. So I am telling Mr Nick Mwendo the incumbent, please respect the rules and regulations, respect the contracts. If he wants to take over the running of the league wait until September 2020 when the contract expires and if you want to run the league don't renew that contract and then run the league yourself. Thank you very much. Osano, I am a passionate youth who loves football. What's your agenda for the young people in this country? Who's love for football is unwavering because you know football revolves around youth and they form an integral part as far as success and development of soka. Of course in 2020 Nick had told us that you know God willing Kenya can qualify to play in FIFA World Cup in Qatar. In case that happens maybe we won't have the likes of Wanyama, the likes of Wanga, the likes of you know Brian Young Mandela playing for the national team we shall have you know the upcoming talent sported from machinani from the grassroot. How do you see going about you know youth football as a young man? Before I answer that I just want to say something about this tag of war between KPL and FKF. I think it has been going on for far too long as it's really not healthy for our football and according to me I think it should be sorted out structurally in my thinking and what I believe is that FKF should somehow have a foothold in APL maybe as CETO in the governing council of or something. It happens even in England where the AFA has got shared in the community. As it is now it looks like we are having two separate football entities that are trying to flex their muscles and in every situation you always find themselves taking different positions. I think that's not healthy for our football and it is time that we align how we operate right from generation to all the other worlds that are emerging in the country. About youth football I think we need to increase funding. I want to come to youth football. We need to go down there and put money where I would say we manufacture talent so that we can be able to produce more. I think the Federation should be able to partner with the school so that they make sure that the talents that are coming there can be monitored, they can be tracked so that in a progressive way they can price through the needs and reach according to what they can be professional. Secondly, I think it's now time for us to say that APL clubs should have youth teams and to me I think it's long overdue for us now to have youth teams. Uganda is implementing the same, Ethiopia is implementing, why not us? We should have youth teams running, augmenting whatever is going on at the rest of the world. Good to hear from you. So, say, I know you are a professional and alumni of Stereboi Center, someone who went to university. We've had the public outcry that also football management has to be left to professionals. Nick Mwendo is a professional himself, he's an IT professional. He also attended learning, defying all odds, football at some point, we've branded it as a sport that is played by those people who are academically schooled. How do you think your professional input for the success of the Federation in case you get elected? Thank you very much. Before I answer that, let me say something very important to add on what Osano said. If everybody remembers very well, Victor Wanyama, he has not played in our league in Kenya. He went from school, direct to Belgium, to Celtic, to Tottenham. What am I trying to say? No, still what I'm trying to say is this, he did not play in any local league. He did not play. So what I'm trying to say is this, people are saying if we are locked out from Qatar, we are locked out from this, that then talent will be wasted. No, talent will not be wasted. As the FKF president, I will have partnership programs, exchange programs with football academies all over the world whereby coaches will be coming here in Kenya to look for those talents and our coaches will be going abroad for training and it will not be that one must be a player at the premium so that they can get a chance to go outside. Even a primary school kid, even a secondary school kid will have the chance of going and playing football abroad as a profession. Okay, now let me come back to what you said about management. There is something people don't really mention.  Ethics are what hold foundations, foundations are held with ethics. I may be the best economist but if I like ethics, conduct will be coming, transparency and accountability medula o blanata missing corruption then everything that I have, everything that I launch, all the papers, all the qualifications, all the accolades, all the trophies will mean nothing. What is lacking in our management of football is not professionalism, what is lacking is lack of ethics. Those ethics, if we bring them into management, I am telling you our football will go very, very far and I say Futimonuvi is bringing, other than that experience that I have in management, I am bringing ethics in it, I am bringing transparency and accountability and integrity. When I come inside that office of FKF, members of the fourth state, you will have direct line to question our management 24-7. All the auditors who want to come and audit, whether it is the ethics and corruption, whether it is the DCI, whether it is a private entity, our books will be open to you to edit and again I say all that money that comes from FKF is not supposed to go to the current expenditure to pay salaries and to run clubs. No, no, that money is supposed to be used for development and that money should be put down at the grass roots.  Like Osano said, clubs should be having academies, mine is a bit different from that. I will bring in new structures whereby we will have in every ward we will have at least three strong teams which FKF will be funding through me and from there every constituency will have one very very strong team which now can come and play at the county level. We want to make sure that this talent is noticed at a very tender age and it is followed, Lachand and it is taken for and I will also utilize IT. We utilize IT because how do we follow up? How do we follow up? Every ward will make sure there is a representative of FKF and in the schools, colleges and universities we will make sure that the head teachers of the meaning of the teacher of sports, head of sports, he will be having access to internet, access to our email, access to our website whereby they can be sending to us information about any special talent they have spotted immediately we will be referring our coaches to that school, college or university to follow up on that talent we will be keeping perhaps when you keep terms for a player since childhood we will not arise a case whereby somebody is going to play in Europe or say they are 20 years old but the truth may be they are 50 years old. No, we are saying that you will have a cheating so fair enough. Robert Bonfa Sosano of course a lot of women are also watching the show and we've seen Nick Muendwa picking the long serving football administrator Doris Petra as his running mate. I know integration is key for the success maybe in terms of women's football because we have to be gender sensitive. Women's football has also been active to some extent not as active as this male dominated affair. How do you see going about ensuring that you know the predicament tribulations that has been facing women soka and women footballers are also abolished? Maybe do you seek having a running mate who is a woman? Osano? Osike, does she say something to my answer you? I think let's be very clear and really if you look at the money coming from FIFA to the federations under the FIFA forward in four years you are entitled to $6 million from FIFA but every year a federation gets $1 million and that's for administrative purposes. What's remaining there out of the four millions every year for a federation? We have two million that you can access and you can use it for development. So you only have two million dollars in four years to develop and I've seen some federations they build hotels, some training pitches. I also categorically say that this money from FIFA is not enough and if you are ambitious program to develop football in the country and you want to rely only on the funding from FIFA or the government then I don't think you're being truthful and I don't think that you're I think you're going to get into office there and really get shocked and realize that it's not what I've been thinking. The money is not even enough to do the daily because if you want to run a federation which is professional then to get elected president of the football Kenya federation in the upcoming elections of course we winding up time not on our side just in a few seconds both Osano and Mutye you are patting short Mutye you are patting short in a few seconds what are you promising football lovers in the country? Mutye and Bonfa Osano are still with us we're gonna take a short break and of course we will be up next with the fans on fan favorite segments don't go I stay tuned it's the touchline from one to three every saturday but you know football Kenya federation elections is the talk of the town I don't know whether I'm good to go to proceed with this gentleman so that we can wind up or I can take short break I stand guided by Fadil still I can hear Fadil is telling me that we still have a technical hitch that is being addressed let's take a short break we will be back next