Welcome to psychic medium Tony green. I'm Tony green. Today I'm going to get started right. I mean, right away because I'm so excited about this show. So a couple announcements before we get going and get into the groove of all the questions, not questions. If you're watching on YouTube, like I make all these ridiculous hand motions if you're watching on WSCS, Rude Rangers, TV, Roku, Apple or any of the the restreaming channels that I'm on, which I'm so grateful for. Thank you all so much. Thank you Rudy from Rude Rangers for putting getting me out there and thank you WSCS for getting me out there. You guys are just rock it. You rock it for me. Thank you for legacy PR. Thank you to legacy PR and Amber for everything you're doing for me. Okay. If you're listening on blog talk, you don't or any podcast station, you don't see all my like really weird hand gestures that I do when I talk, but when I was growing up, my stepfather was Sicilian and the hands were always flying and I think I just must have picked that up from there. Anyway, okay. So really quick, one really quick announcement that I need to make. I've announced this before but I'm announcing it again and I will be announcing it at the beginning of every single show because it's really, really important. The only way to schedule with me is to call my personal number<PHONE_NUMBER> by personal number. I mean my business number or to go to my website. There are a lot of people on YouTube and Instagram that are pretending to be me and other psychics mediums readers and asking for things. Listen, if we are worth anything, we are never going to reach out to you and ask you for anything. Never. We're not going to be like can you donate to me? Let me give you a no. If we are worth anything, if we are reputable, we have our business, we have people, we have our website, people are reaching out to us. Again, they are making fake websites and fake accounts. The only website you can reach me on, T-O-N-I-G dot info, Tony G dot info. My number if you want to call and make that appointment<PHONE_NUMBER>. Okay, here we go. Today I will be taking callers, answering, not asking. I'm going to take callers and I'm going to ask you questions today. No, I'm going to be answering your questions. Helping you connect with loved ones on the other side and doing healings. The healings are for anybody listening, relistening. So I'm going to get going.  If it's on speaker, and what are my other instructions? Have one question ready or one connection to the other side. So if you want me to connect with a loved one on the other side, I just need their first name and their relationship to you. Please do not ask, tell me who's around me. That's a whole reading. Please do not ask, what message does spirit want to give me? You're probably not going to like the message because they tell you what you need to fix in your life or what you're ignoring. Please do not say, tell me about my next six months. That's a whole reading. That's where you use my number or my website. Okay, let's get growing. Here we go. 8-6-0. How are you today? Thank you so much. My name is Lisa. Hi, Lisa. Where are you from? I would love Connecticut. Excellent. Lisa, how can I help you? I would love a message from my dad. His name is Bob, but his surname is Robert. Okay. So the first thing your dad is saying is you're doing well, you're doing well. He's actually saying you're doing good, you're doing good.   The next thing he wants to tell you is that you are having, okay, there's a complication going on in your life right now. There's a complication and I'm getting goosebumps on my thighs with that. And goosebumps are like my confirmation that the information is coming through accurately. Now there's something going on in your life and this is what your dad is saying. You're not paying attention. You're not taking it as seriously or as you're kind of dumbing it down. You're kind of dumbing it down. You're not being like eyes wide open.  Lisa, I am, you know, I've been there with you and I might be there with you right now on that one. Sometimes something comes in. We're just not ready to see here. No, deal with it. I get that. I get you, Lisa. But here's what he is saying. You need to pay attention to what's going on around you. There's something going on that you are not focusing on and you really need to focus on it. And I, the next word, the next word I hear is money.  One of those scenarios are maybe you're just not paying attention to where your money's going or how much money you're spending or who's in control of the money. Who's in control of the money. Who's in control of the money. That one repeated three times. So I'm going to say you really need, if somebody else is like running the money or doing the bills, you need to have a close look at that. You need to look at what's going on with that. You need to see the numbers. Okay, that's what your dad wants you to pay attention to. You need to look at the numbers. You need to see the numbers. Now whether this is with work or your personal life, you need to look at the numbers. You need to know what's going on with your money. You need to have a little bit more say so or control with that. Okay, however that means. Now sometimes we go shopping and we're not paying attention to our numbers or what we're spending. It could be as simple as that. Okay, it could be. I don't want to give a direct meaning to this. He is saying you know what you know what he's talking about. You know what I'm saying. And if you don't, it's because I'm not going to tell her she has her head in the sand. Well, apparently I just told you you have your head in the sand. Did I say that last statement out loud? I did say that last statement out loud. Sometimes I forget. Sometimes I talk silently to them like telepathically this time. Apparently he just wants you to know that. Oh, for the love of all that's good on this green earth. So, okay, Lisa, how is that for your message for happy Monday? We're hitting it with a bang today. He also wants to say, now let me say he wants to say he loves you. He loves your family. Please let everybody know he loves them. He's around. He's around. He wants you to know that his signs for you, his signs for you are, I don't even know. I'm just going to say it because if things don't make sense to me, they're not supposed to. But like mocking Jay, mocking Jay. Now, I want to say I think, I think you're going to know better than me because there is the movie that had that mocking Jay in it. But I think it might be the bird. It might be the specific bird he's talking about or it could be the movie. I don't know. You're going to know better than me. The other thing he wants to tell you that is a sign or a symbol is a flower. And I think it's a form of a lily because he keeps showing me the lilies in my backyard, which are orange lilies. They call them street lilies here. I don't know what they call them by you. I just think lilies are beautiful flowers. I just love lilies. But he's showing me lilies are a sign for you. And then he's showing me smoke. Now this smoke, typically when somebody from the other side shows me smoke, it means that either they smoke either occasionally or all the time. And that smoke, the way I'm seeing this smoke, it seems like a cigar, not a pipe smoke, but a cigar or a cigarette smoke. So when you smell that or see that, that means he's around.  They're on the counter and then they're gone. So when you misplace your keys or anything with your, something with your keys, something with keys, something with keys on a ring, keys on a ring, that's also a symbol for you. Okay, a sign that he's around. Okay, how I hope this was helpful. Does it make sense to you? Any or all of it? My dad, my husband has charge of all the money. I don't see it. Can I just ask, because my dad knows my dad knows my son is going to come back at all. Wait, wait, let's go back. Wait, no, no, no, no, no. Stop, stop, stop, stop, stop. Let's go back. So the most important thing your dad needs you, I want you, when, when this show is done, you need to go back. So you were, you were steady focused on hearing something. You should have asked us that specific question in the beginning, but your dad gave you the most important message you needed to hear. And that message is about the finances and who's in control. And you getting your eyes on those finances. Now you just said your husband's in control of the finances and you don't see him. You need to change that baby girl. You need to change that. And you need to change it now. And I'm going to tell you, this is me channeling your dad. Now, if your dad. Thought the, the message about your son and we, we can get to that in a second, but you need to, the most important thing, the most, the most absolute important thing that your dad needs you to know right now is you need to get your eyes on your finances. You need to know what's going on with your finances.  That is the most important message. And the fact that that came through and then you said your husband's in control of the finances and you'd, he's being spot on with you. He's telling you exactly what you need to know. He's letting you know this is what's the most important thing. Okay. Now ask that question about your son again. I'm sorry. My son. I'm sorry. I'm sorry. I'm sorry. I'm sorry. I'm sorry. I'm sorry. I'm sorry. I'm sorry. I'm sorry. I'm sorry. Say it again. You have a son again. I'm sorry. I'm sorry. I'm sorry. My son for 11 years. He's a grown man. Okay. He's wondering. I'll see him. Can we go back to talking about your finances? Honestly, he's, I don't feel like this is something that's going to happen anytime soon. I feel like whatever's going on with your son's life or I feel like it the circumstances between you and your son that they're not gonna change anytime soon and I'm I'm really really sorry about that I'm I'm very sorry about that I feel like what is important for you though and and I wish I could give you a different answer than that and I'm sorry that I cannot but what is really important for you at this point in time is for you you really really really and your dad cannot stress this enough you really need to get a hold of those finances okay love God bless and thank you for calling in please keep me posted on what you find from that I'm going to go directly to the next caller who is 702 702 how are you doing today excellent how can I help you hello hello can you hear me yep I can you hear me yes okay I'm sorry about that yes I didn't want is it possible that I could back pass the challenge is actual question you can ask me a question yeah okay thank you yes um this past last week I have my car repaired from engine turn to me with the engine gone and the place that I got it will compensate me and I just want to know where do you see this process going in regards to them in the car but wait wait wait wait did so I now I'm gonna ask you a question they just returned your car with no engine in it okay because the way you said it like the engine gone I thought you meant like they literally up and took the engine out and just plopped it right back in your yard I'm a very literal person when I'm channeling by the way so here's the thing that I'm getting okay to resolve this you're going to need to go beyond your own going back and forth with this company you need to immediately tell them that if you don't get a resolve within the next 24 hours and a resolve being them a giving giving giving you back the money you have paid them don't take your vehicle back to them do not take your vehicle back to them take your be okay this is okay take your vehicle to another place have them document what has happened with your your engine and even take it to two places and have them document what has happened with your engine go to an attorney have an attorney tell them this is what you're responsible for return this man's money and pay for these repairs that's how you're gonna get your resolve talking to these yahoo's I see them showing up and no offense to donkeys because Shrek had a really cute donkey in it but I see them showing up as donkeys now we all know what that means I don't have to say what it means if I see somebody showing up as a donkey right we know what it means when somebody shows up to me in a vision as a donkey so if you're trying to get a donkey to do something that it doesn't want to do donkeys are like the most stubborn they'll just kick you with their back legs sort of thing they're not gonna do they're not gonna compromise they're not gonna work with you so you have to get documented statements from other mechanics take them to an attorney and let the attorney take care of this and have your attorney include the attorney's costs in this monies that they have to give you okay that's the best way you're gonna get your resolve please for you and everybody listening if a mechanic or an auto shop messes up your car don't give them a second chance to make it worse or to rig it so that it is fixed a little bit and then a week later the homeowner falls on the street while you're driving because when you take it's like sending your food back to the kitchen if you're dealing with a immature icky cook you're taking the chance they're gonna they're like gonna sabotage your food so you have to not give somebody a second chance to screw you okay not give somebody a second chance to do more damage you have to now go someplace else and get it fixed and then build them for the cost of getting it fixed as well as as well as the cost of that they that you've already spent on them and the only way they they are going to comply is with an attorney okay and I do feel like once you get all this documented you can just kind of get like what is that a judgment against them I feel like you can just get a judgment against them and they'll kind of be forced to just pay you back your money okay I hope this is so helpful for you I consider this your angels pushing you and listen to your intuition from now on because it is strong and they are guiding you in the right direction okay you are so welcome have an amazing rest of the week or and day and day and week thank you okay okay I'm gonna go straight away to the next caller and the next caller is 269 269 how are you today I'm very well how are you I'm excellent thank you where are you calling from what's your name how can I help you today okay you know what yeah is there something really serious going on in your life right now it's serious though because as soon as I like as soon as your energy came in as soon as like I was like tapping into you it's like this like whoo shh feeling I don't I don't know how to describe it any other way like it's this very serious we need to get on track we need to fix this sort of thing and I might be overstating it a bit so your mom let's let's talk with your mom well actually surprise it's your mom and your grandmom that came in together and what they want to say to you is I don't think they're the one singing this song but what I'm hearing is get on it get on it get on and on and on it like you whatever is going on you need to get on it now there's there's no no time for like delay they're saying don't don't don't procrastinate whatever it is that that you're dealing with right now don't don't procrastinate it okay don't procrastinate it but they they are saying that number one they're together they want you to know they're together they want you to know that everybody's together and your mom is coming through and she there's also another woman with her who I feel like it must be your grandmom and one of them was thinner more petite so one of these women was thinner and more petite and looked more like a grandma but was a little bit older if I'm if I'm saying it correctly what I'm gonna say what I want to say is that they are letting you know they're watching over you and I don't know if this is sadness or heaviness that you or seriousness that you're experiencing right now but this feeling and then they're saying the word situation it has to do with a situation going on right now not a past situation something going on right now and this situation is is I'm gonna I hear the word work so is this a situation something that is around your work or has to do with your work is there something lingering for that from that because I hear the word lingering so there's something still going on there's if it's if you're saying this is from a month ago they're saying this is something current it's something that's still going on and if you don't know that it's still going on you need to know it's still going on does that make sense to you somebody there that I'm still sort of in contact with okay thank you thank you thank you thank you okay this person is that here's the state without saying too much this is what I'm going to say this person is probably the way I would try to say this delicately is this person might make things a little bit more complicated for you than they need to be and then I hear very strongly watch your back whatever that means for your personal situation I'm really not going to go into that but I am going to say there there is whatever this situation is it's lingering it's if you might think it's done but I don't think whoever else is involved they might not think it's done they might think there's it's lingering for this other person involved so just be aware of that be conscious of that with your work this has to do with unemployment insurance has to do with unemployment money yes and no it's like a emotional situation okay I I feel like it's more of an emotional situation I feel like it's more of someone and if let me put it to you this way okay for for what it's worth and however this makes sense to your personal situation there might be somebody that from that work situation that is feeling like they need vengeance or they need they need to set it straight or or get there I don't want to use all the words they're using for this but there's somebody that feels like they need to set this straight whatever this is however things went down whatever happened there's somebody on the other side that is not happy with the end result and this in the in that person's opinion this is not over okay so just be aware of that keep everything documented everything you have that was documented or is documented keep it you're gonna need it don't think there's something about this situation that is lingering so like for example if you filed for unemployment and you had to fight to get it this person might not be done fighting to keep you from it they might try to do something but whatever this means for your personal situation keep all your documents keep all your everything that you have don't think this is done be ready just in case okay love okay okay thank you I hope this was helpful and I want to thank you so much for calling in today you to thank you okay everybody thank you so much for tuning in today I am so grateful to be able to be here and to be with you and answer any questions that you might have I am here every Monday at noon central time taking calls and answering questions to those on YouTube who tuned in today to say hi thank you so much for tuning in I'm so grateful that you joined me here today Frankie and I think it's Mika I will be back next week Monday so please join me again


Hi everyone happy Friday and happy new release day coming at you a 2020 Panini limited football seven box half case Pick your team number one from Jasper's case breaks.com Just dropped today some pretty great stuff Everyone's familiar with limited right on card RPA's Great draft class ring of honor autographs. I guess new to 2020 draft a sinters booklets. I guess it's brand new That's pretty cool. Love the books in here dual autographs quad Player autographs should be pretty cool a lot of fun stuff very big Thanks to all of these wonderful people here for getting it to break number one second half coming up in a separate video right after this one and Let's actually pop this baby open. There it is So just as a heads up. I think due to weather delays. We only got Two cases of this limited football so we can we only have breaks one two three and four available for today I think all with all that crazy weather in Dallas where a lot of this product originates or printed in those factories Obviously if you've been watching the weather, it's been crazy out there. So so a lot of stuff got delayed We should be getting some more. I hope All right, let's select a diet. I like that one right there We'll go one two three for the left side and four five six for the right side and it's three. So one two three left side and this We will just save For next time Which is in a different video. This will all be break number two. We'll just put some Flash marks there with the Sharpie All right, let's see. We got two on the box and We're looking for two autographs and one memorabilia card Including one on-card autograph per box on average three packs per box five cards per pack So pretty fun stuff ladies and gentlemen We go box number one Pick your team number one Traditionally there are base cards on the bottom. Yes. I kind of like this design this here. This is really sharp I think usually limited is just it's kind of all white But I like that they put a little contrast in the corners here It's a really clean look. I think it Centers the picture is really nicely players really nicely All right, I'm certain all cards shipped to yeah all cards will ship Not too many cards anyway behind Darren Waller Is gonna be Logan Wilson 11 out of 199 for the bangles and it'll be for matinee Base cards right here and behind Terry McLauren is Jacob Eason rookie patch and on-card autograph 30 out of one for Check that 30 out of 49 not one 49 just 49 Nice RPA for the Colts Arik It's like Jacob Eason will be backing up Carson lens next year Terry McLauren Keenan Allen. We got a Stefan Gilmore out of 75 and We've got a Zach Moss relic 110 out of 199. I like that that foil that they put over there Buffalo Mark Miller the Buffalo Bills It's the Zach Moss right next box Got a redemption on the bottom there Let's get all the all the cards all at once All right, that's the redemption behind Russell Wilson, so let's see what's behind Alan Robinson It is gonna be Marlon Davidson 15 out of 99 for the dirty birds Arthur Hackett with the Falcons Behind Khalil Mack is the Marquise round numbered card to 149 Behind Khalil Mack is a relic. It's James Morgan 151 out of 199 Patrick Davis with the Jets and behind Russell Wilson is gonna be Troy Aigman. Wow Ring of honor autographs gold spotlight Troy Aigman. I don't know what the It's a gold spotlight number two So ring of honor Scroll down to ring of honor autographs card number nine Troy Aigman, they're usually out of 25 but looks like Hmm it might be less. I think the you the the the regular ones Troy Aigman's are out of 25, but it's a spotlight perils gold 25 or less So this might be the or less. I don't know Daniel Daniel D with the with the big D the Cowboys Because she's after redeeming find out what it's numbered to Dallas right there, of course Plenty of time to redeem it. All right, the next one. Here's all your base cards here and your hits a Mari Cooper reveals a Kyle Duggar 52 out of 99 for the Patriots. That'll be for Karen and her pats You got behind Marquis Brown is a T Higgins 75 out of 75 nice three color patch and on card autograph for the Bengals matinee With the Bengals, maybe we'll find the guy that throws him the ball to there's T Higgins teammate Joe Mixon and behind Joe Mixon is a Sam Darnold relic stadium stars 54 out of 75 Will he continue to be a stadium star in New York? Patrick Davis and the Jets? maybe Possibly or if he gets traded where does he go? All right next box Dak Prescott what does Dallas do with him? All right? Let's go with Kind of want to do the relic first That looks like an autograph that looks like a patch on us. Let's go on this side first Here's the relic first. There's Jonathan Taylor for the blue horseshoes 46 out of 199 I'll go to Ari in the Colts The Stefan digs is to 15. It's a nice low number there too for the bills Buffalo What a great addition for the bills right there Mark Miller. All right behind Adam Thielen is James Morgan Three color patch and autograph 113 to 199 and behind Sam Darnold is Gonna be oh Jerry Kramer team trademarks Three out of 49 for the Green Bay Packers. Is Jerry Kramer still with us? Yeah, he's still with us. He's 85 years old Yeah, that's awesome Green Bay Packers Louise With the old-school Jerry Kramer I feel like a lot of a lot of the guys from his His era his teammates are slowly no longer with us, but Jerry Kramer Still alive and well Looks like we have some points down there. So for the points We'll randomize this to one person in the break winter take all on the points if I pull if there happen to be multiples All cards ship We've got to get Tom Brady in the mix here Super Bowl champion This is first year as a in his buccaneers, you know for him Limited design looks really nice to behind Phillip Rivers is to a it's a rookie patch and autograph 002 out of 149 three-color patch on card auto to a tongue of aloe Leonard Got the dolphins straight up. There you go, man. Nice and behind out of 75 Marquise Brown Is gonna be a dual relic Bound by round 59 out of 99 got Dak Prescott, and we got Kirk cousins. There you go There's Marquise Brown right there Dak Prescott and Kirk cousins in the same. No, that's not true Yeah, cousins will oh, they're just saying okay, I get So in 2016 Dak was a fourth-rounder and in 2012 Kirk cousins also a fourth-round that'll be a randomizer between the Cowboys and the Vikings Between Daniel and art with the Vikings. There's another Brady There's cousins number to 149 revealing The same bound by round card 48 out of 99. There you go. So two randomizers for that We've got a two-color patch and autograph Jonathan Taylor 69 nice out of 175 going to Art with the Colts and back here is gonna be Julian, Okwara looks like a fish and then I know 45 out of 199 for the Lions that'll be for Tony and at Detroit Redemption on the bottom there All right behind Jameson Crowder to 149 is Another bound by a round card one out of 25 Jonathan Taylor and Deandre Swift. Oh, and look at this ring of honor on card autograph Dan Marino 7 out of 20 What a break for Miami Leonard with the Dolphins gets the Tua RPA And now Dan the man What a break this Crowder back here, and there's Aaron Donald and the redemption is gonna be Jonathan Ogden draft a signatures booklet Jonathan Ogden Ogden is a Jonathan Ogden is a Raven. I think this should be out of Trapped a signatures booklet looking at the checklist should be out of 15 All right, and that's David with the Baltimore Ravens. All right, so we've got three random four randomizers to do Hey, what's going on? All right, you know I typically don't do this but this these numbers are so close We're just gonna randomize one for Daniel with the Cowboys and Ark with the Vikings will randomize who gets the the lower numbered one. How about that pretty much the same? Let's let everyone get a hit, huh? All right, so let's flip back here new dice So let's grab everyone's names From Esteban down to Patrick Davis and everyone in between Everyone has a shot at the 400 points name on topic at the 400 points. Let's go Wait, whose name is Dallas and we've got Colts. We sure do Dave. Have you checked the site? Jaspiescasefrakes.com All right, let's roll it. Let's randomize so the name on top here will get the lower numbered card It's either gonna be 48 out of 99 or 59 out of 99 All right, let's roll it. Let's randomize it three and a one four times for each list points first one two Three and a one fourth and final time after four name on top is gonna be Mark mark the set 400 points going your way Three and a one four times for the names one two three And a one fourth and final time After four Daniel, you'll get the lower numbered one So Daniel you'll get 48 out of 99. All right, you'll get 59 out of 99 and Four times for this one here one two Three and fourth and final time after four Detroit on top so it will be Tony who will get this dual relic right here one out of 25 There you go pretty nice stuff ladies and gentlemen a pretty great break. I think Good-looking design. There's Dan Marina. I got a snap picture of that some rookies There's the to us and Brady's the old Jerry Kramer James Morgan out of 15 Stefan digs bass card some great-looking stuff Detroit Akeman we pulled as well. It was pretty nice Like the the foil that they're putting on top this year, which I think is a change from last year So pretty good stuff. There you have it. I'm Joe for Jasper's case breaks calm break, too Coming up in a separate video right after this. I'll see you for that one. Bye. Bye


Fantastic. Everyone, the lightning talks are often the best part of the whole day at the conference. Everything that I've seen so far has been of incredibly high quality. I've had a great time. And guess what? This next section is going to be even better. So, without any further ado, are you all ready for lightning talks? Please give a sort of general British mumble if you are. Oh, come on. That was way too enthusiastic. Thank you very much, everyone. Please give Nikita a big hand. Hello, everyone. I'm very excited to present to you today. I only got five minutes, so that'll be pretty quick. So, my name is Nikita Chepanov. I work in Bloomberg. I actually came here all the way from New York. Let's talk about virtual end. So, you have this unique chance for you to write your new project, and you just, of course, you chose Python to write your back end. And this time, you're definitely going to use all the best practices possible. You're going to use the requirements, TXT and the virtual environments and all that. Definitely use the frozen virtual environments. And to make it easy, probably the way you're going to install your requirements file is by writing pip install in virtual end in production. That makes sense.  And then later, because of the new product you're working on is so, so amazing, you're going to get more users. With more users, you need more instances, more features, the huge requirements file takes forever to install. I think what's more important now you have to do pip install on all of your production machines that may or may not make sense and the PyPI may or may not be happy about it. And it takes forever. And you think to yourself, well, virtual end is, you know, self-contained. Is it? Well, I've heard it is. So how about we just try to pip install once, put it in the folder, then archive the folder, then move the folder to all of the production machines on archive the folder, and we got ourselves a deployment system. Makes sense? Let's try. Well, the first time you do it, you're going to find out something interesting. Not found. Why? Well, it turned out that the virtual end has a hard coded path to the place where it was built. You can probably try to fix it. You can make it, you know, relative. Let's do that. What now? Well, this time there's a hard coded path in every single setup.py entry point, such as the unicorn itself. And that, of course, can also be fixed because fortunately, virtual end has an unadvertised and unadvertised feature called dash dash relocatable. And this feature is by the developers themselves of virtual end is not loved. They actually say it's, you know, experimental and they're not happy they ever introduced it in the first place. All right. If you do that, then instead of having the hard coded path to the place where the virtual end was built for each and every one of the entry points, you're going to get the ENV-based Python lookup and a magic line of Python. It works. Trust me, I tried. Well, that actually is going to work. Now you can actually run your application by just, you know, packaging it and moving it to all the production machines. You no longer have to do pip install in hundreds of machines and seems like a done deal. However, did you know that virtual end makes a full copy of the Python executable inside the virtual end? It's not a sim link. It's a full copy of the executable and the executable depends on the SO. That is not part of the environment. So the SO is there in the system. So in theory, by upgrading Python, you can accidentally break your virtual end. However, reasonably certain that will not happen because Python is a mature project. But how about Python C extensions? What about, for example, MySQL client? If you pip install MySQL client, you're going to find out that inside the virtual end and inside the site packages, there will be a MySQL.so that has a dynamic runtime dependency on the LibMySQL client that is so which, in turn, is not inside the virtual end. So in theory, by upgrading the, you know, what's the problem with this, right? The problem is, if you have any mismatch between the build and production environment system packages, which you can introduce by upgrading your build or production environment, you can, in theory, break your virtual end and no amount of frozen requirements file will help you. What can you do?  They are of various usefulness. So one of the, of course, you know, if you have access to virtualization or containerization, now you can probably appreciate why this is such a big deal. Now, let's say you don't. There's a pep that introduced the concept of the zip-zipped Python applications. And that would actually work because Python knows how to open the py files from inside of the zip archive, but that's not going to work with the SO because DL open doesn't know how to open SOs from the zip archive. There's multiple various things implemented. There's one from LinkedIn released just a couple of months ago, so apparently other companies are also concerned about this. There's multiple different other solutions such as DH virtual end from Spotify, one from Google that is just a way to integrate the virtual end inside a larger build system that would know how to define the dependencies for the outside world outside of the Python. And there's another few solutions that are essentially just a way to be a package management system itself. Thank you very much. Thank you, Nikita. Alex is up next. So lightning talks for anyone that doesn't know are talks that are limited in duration to five minutes. You don't have to take up the full five minutes, but five minutes is the maximum. And so the convention that we have for bringing lightning talks to an end is that once the speaker has more or less run out of time, I will stick up one hand. When I stick up one hand, I'd like you all to clap with one finger. Can you try that for me now? Like, that's a little sound like raindrops that just tell the speaker that basically their time is up and they've got the time now to finish the current sentence that they're working on. Depending on the speaker, that sentence may then drag on way too long, at which point I'm going to put up two hands and that's your cue to give them a massive round of applause as a way of silencing and thanking them for the five minutes and 13 seconds of your time that they've given to you. Does that all make sense? All right, Edie. So in a moment, Alex will be ready. In the meantime, it's my job to tell bad jokes in between each of the lightning talks. It's a job I relish. I apologize for inflicting it on you all. A joke I often tell is one I heard from one of the Olas of the Django Girls world. And that's a joke I really look forward to telling you. In the next break in between the talks, in the meantime, please give Alex a big hand. Good evening, everyone. My name's Alex Wilmer, and I would like to convince you that the library known as Pickle can be rehabilitated. For those who don't know already, Pickle is a module in the Python standard library. It is extremely convenient because with one function call, you can serialize almost arbitrary Python objects, including custom classes, send them over the wire, save them to disk, put them in a cache, send them by carrier pigeon, and what comes out the other side will deserialize almost exactly to the objects that you put into it. It is very, very tempting. Unfortunately, there is a caveat. Don't use Pickle. This is the standard advice, the time being this is my advice. Pickle is a very, very good way to shoot yourself in the foot and take it off at the hip. So why is this? Well, the standard counter example is that if you don't take very particular measures, then somebody sending you a malicious Pickle payload can cause arbitrary code execution. This is a fairly benign example. It's the standard example. In this case, unpickling something has resulted in running a command called echo. That command could equally and just as easily have been rm-rf. If your process is running as root and you do this, you will not be having a good day. So there is a standard mitigation for this particular attack and that is to overload a method of the unpickler class called find class. It has a slightly different name in Python 2, but it is a very similar technique. The trouble with this mitigation is that it's opt-in. Unless you take these very particular measures, you will shoot yourself in the foot and take it off at the hip. This is enlarge why I still don't recommend using Pickle because it is dangerous by default. Of course, I wouldn't be telling you all this if I didn't think there was a glimmer of hope and this is what I'm trying to do. In addition to the attacks with arbitrary code execution, there are a number of other attacks that Pickle might be subject to. We don't know them all. That is part of the reason that we still do not recommend that you use it, but they fall into broad categories of denial of service, exposing internal data. This is a very big problem in the Java world with a class of attacks that rely on a thing called gadgets. Pickle may be subject to these. I have not seen evidence that it is, but in this case, we need strong evidence that it isn't before we assume so. In terms of what I have done to try and advance this art, you're looking here at two graphs of the time to decode some fairly standard Pickle things. On the left, you will be seeing the basic Pickle protocol zero, which you get if you don't explicitly ask for anything else. The trouble with that is that the time to decode is going up to about 10,000 times what it would be otherwise, and you're taking 10 seconds to process about a megabyte of data, which is not a good rate in this day and age. There are ways to mitigate against this, but the problem is that if you are unpickling things from somebody who is a third party, they get to choose what protocol you are unpickling. There are mitigations we can do against this, which has been the library that is in a very prototypical state that I am starting to put together that I'm calling Pickleite. The first thing that Pickleite does is that it is safe by default. So if you do not tell it, if you do not put arbitrary classes that you want to Pickle or unpickle onto a whitelist, Pickleite will throw an error. It will not fail dangerous if I've done this right, damn it.  Okay, and so that's how you can get around that, that's how you can register things, and if you would like to know more, please visit github.com, Moriarty Pickle Plus. Thank you. Is that a conservative time there, Alex? I had to give him another two seconds. Thanks very much for that. I was reminded when that sort of rm-rf-slash thing of a post I saw the other day where someone goes, I just accidentally executed my whole history file. How's your day going? Which is one of those where, you know, it takes you a little while to go, oh, God, that really would be awful, wouldn't it? Yeah, yeah. Especially if you had pseudo kind of active in memory and going. All right, our next talk is by Mark Garcia. So this lady is walking down the road and she spots a horseshoe on the floor. So she bends over to pick it up and she looks at it and she turns it over and on the other side there's a horse. It's kind of a visual gag, that one. That's Ola's Polish grandmother's favorite joke. Please give Mark a big hand. Can you hear me with this mic? Yeah. Is it okay? Okay. Yeah, because it's a live demo so I cannot handle the mic. So, okay, I'm going to present the best Jupiter kernel. We've got a very cool talk about Jupiter this morning, really impressive widgets on that, I'm going to, I don't want to be arrogant, but I'm going to show something cooler, like the best Jupiter kernel and it's not the C++ that has just been released because there are some new people here. I will just introduce a bit what's Jupiter and where it comes from. So we all know Python, at least what it is. We've got a Python terminal where we can just run interactive code. This wasn't enough powerful at some point, so what we managed to have, Fernando Perez wrote this, Python, that it's a bit better, it's still in the terminal, but it has some features, some magic and it's a bit better to work with when you have multi-line and things like that. And colors. Oh, and colors. So then at some point what we've got is that this moved to the web, so the same exact concept of Python terminal, but into the web, so we can execute any Python coding here. At some point this was too cool, so the Jupiter, the application and the programming language get decoupled, so we could install different languages, so the interface is exactly the same, but the language can be different. So here, for example, you can see that this is our code. If you are not familiar with R, you don't come from the data science world and that the most relevant part of this that my variable is not an attribute of my, it's actually the name of the variable, it's my.variable. Some things are people like. At some point this was too cool, so what we've got is that we started to have markdowns, links, images and lots of stuff, so if you know about the three-body problem, basically talk to me because I just downloaded this randomly from the internet to show you, but you have code, you have like, you can have some plots and that, which is pretty cool. At some point Damian Avila, from Argentina, basically thought it was cool to build a plugin that you have a button in here and you can convert this to a presentation. I will come back to these slides later, but it's really, really useful. I use it for all my presentations, saves a lot of time. At some point someone thought that it was good to have PHP in here, so you can execute PHP in the terminal. There is a kernel for that. What's really interesting is that there is an echo kernel that basically is a hello world that all that it does is you just print whatever you send. It's not that useful, but it's really useful in terms of learning how to implement that because you just take this code and you start to implement those things. So with those things in mind, I thought, why don't you use deep learning, blockchain, and start to put together a kernel, really, really amazing kernel that can run any language. It detects everything, you can run everything and it always knows what you want. It's really simple. I decided that instead of executing the code, I would make it just give feedback about the code in a really positive and constructive way. Yeah, let's go to that. Let's start with R. That's the live coding session that's basically creating a list in R. R is mainly a running language. So yeah, you get some really nice feedback about that. Then why not why not why not use madlap? Madlap is a pretty cool language, kind of the same data science, data scientist. We use a lot of these things, so yeah, it also provides really interesting stuff. Let's write some PHP. I'm not sure. I still have time to show you, but I want to show. Yeah, PHP also works. And you're thinking, yeah, PHP is not that cool, because no Microsoft acquire a GitHub, so the next trending language probably would be basic, so let's try some basic here. Yeah, pretty cool. Now we're stating, yeah, let's try Java, but then I thought, like, do you know what the company that owns Java did with MySQL, OpenOffice, Solaris, it's like, no, let's better keep far from our projects, just in case. And yeah, let's try Python, of course, that's our favorite language. So what can we, oops, what can we do with this? So yeah, that's basically what I think too. I'm making core developers, maintaining this code is really something that we don't like. And yeah, finally, Python 3, let's see, it also works. Yeah, absolutely. So going back to my presentation, that's what I just explained. There's the architecture, there is the application, there is the kernel, they are independent, you can build your kernels, it's quite straightforward. Basically, I had this idea this morning and now I've got the kernel with the deep learning and the blockchain took a bit of time, but the Jupyter that much. Some useful information. If you are into open source contributions, basically if you want to contribute to a project like this or to Jupyter and to that, you can join us here in London for Spring, we've got this meetup group. If you're more into fun projects, for fun, I think the London Python coding dojo is a really great place to work on a project like this with other people and learn. And yeah, if you want to know more about me, that's where you can follow, find this slide, well, I don't have slides, but yeah, I wanted to put my Twitter here anyway. APPLAUSE Thanks very much, Mark. Up next is Dan Palmer. The name of the kernel is Grumpi. Should I say that earlier?  Oh, I just got that, though. Yeah, Grumpi. Yeah, that's good, though. All right, you can have that. Fine. So the Pirate Programmer walks into a bar and she's got a parrot on her shoulder and the parrot is going, pieces of seven, pieces of seven, pieces of seven. The barman goes, oh, I think there's something wrong with your parrot, mate. And she goes, yeah, it's got a parroty error. And the barman goes, yeah, I thought it was a bit off. Thank you, I'm here all week. But more importantly, so is Dan. Please give him a big hand. Hi, I'm Dan Palmer. And like many of you, I'm sure we are hiring developers and it is always difficult to find more developers. So I want to talk to you about this one weird trip to double the size of your developer team overnight. So this is a picture of everyone who has contributed to Thread's main code base. Sorry, every developer at Thread who's contributed to Thread's main code base in its history. This is actually everyone who has contributed to it ever. There's a lot more people. In fact, we have 17 developers who've ever contributed and 19 people who are not developers day-to-day who have contributed. Not all of these other 19 came at it from scratch. Our head of operations, actually I wrote these slides a few months ago, these been promoted since, but yeah, our head operations, that's warehouse operations, not servers for us, used to compete in machine learning competitions when he was at university. One of our marketers used a lot of scripts to automate Facebook ads and things like that. And one of our PMs has a math degree where he did a bit coding. So they're not all coming at it from scratch, but seven of those at my last count had no previous programming at all before contributing to our main code base at Thread. And this is a large code base with 85,000 commits, a couple of 100,000 lines of code. So not trivial to get started in. What are they doing? They're not developing new features, mostly. A lot of what they're doing is editing configuration that's in code. They are editing copy, job pages, those sorts of things, particularly like our help pages for customers, our support team can edit that. They're creating reports. We've got a sort of stack of Python classes that let you kind of compose reports together quite easily without understanding too much about what's actually going on. So they're creating reports. And a couple of them have developed medium-sized features, you know, a couple of 100 lines of code, maybe some dashboards, changes to our warehouse tooling, marketing tooling, things like that. And I think this is really great. It means that as a developer I can focus on bigger tasks. I can focus on things that aren't just minor bits of maintenance around the code base or changing settings for people. It also means that we can focus on harder tasks. We're doing a lot less chop-in changing between different things. Context switching is expensive. It takes overhead, even if something might take two minutes to change. You've got to stash all your code, check out a different branch, make the change, put it up for code review, all those sorts of things.  It also means we can actually build fewer internal management tools. We need to put fewer things in the database. They're just settings in code somewhere. We don't need to have a CMS for our help page. We can just have an HTML file. Because the team you need to edit it are able to go and edit it straight in the code. Which means less code overall, simpler stuff. It's also empowering for them. They're in more control over their areas of responsibility. They can own that process. So how do we do this? We ran an internal SQL course. I think about 10 people in a company of like 55-ish. Probably about 40 at the time we ran the course. About 10 people took this. We now have fashion stylists building dashboards to monitor the stuff that they're working on. We've helped people through the Python Coursera course. We do pairing even with non-developers, particularly around code review. We do hack days internally. We have tutorials on how to use GitHub. We're just generally being involved. Yeah, but I don't want to let non-developers near my code base, you might say. Well, most editing is done through the GitHub web interface. So there's very little required from developers to support. No getting sort of git and dependency setup. All code is still reviewed by an engineer. Continuous deployment allows other people to make quick changes. High priority changes quickly. Continuous integration and linting helps protect us a lot. We have had some minor issues. Nothing major has gone wrong so far. And we do five wise when things happen. So we find the root cause and solve those problems. We don't blame people for getting things wrong. So yeah, that's it. These are all our contributors who have helped us move our code base forward without any formal training. Yeah, thank you. Thank you very much, Dan. Next is Amu Kumar. Yep, Anil. Sorry. Yeah, you're up. So I've been working on this. It's a, are you lacking a laptop name? Okay. Does it say Anil Kumar? Yeah. All right. Let me give you a minute or two. So I've been working on a new joke and if it works, it should be a double.  And there's like a word play competition in the newspaper and they enter it. They're just about to go on holiday and they enter this competition. They send in 10 different entries. But as well as being a joke enthusiast, they're also kind of enthusiastic gardener. And they've been growing their own fruit vegetables. And they've got a bunch of strawberries that are just about ready. And they've already sort of harvested them and put them in those little boxes, you know, that you get at the strawberry shop. But they're not quite ripe yet. And so while they're on holiday, they've asked their cleaning ladies to just come in every couple of days and just make sure that they're clean and they're not being eaten by any slugs and that they're just a light sprinkling of water and that they're just generally sort of tended to. But he knows his cleaning lady is a really, he's really hoping that one of the ten jokes is going to win the competition and he's really hoping that he's going to have like a little tray of strawberries that's been well taken care of. But unfortunately, when he gets home, he looks into it and no pun intended. No pun it tended. No pun intended win the competition. No pun at strawberries tend, okay. It's a difficult one. Yeah, let's let somebody else talk. Hi, everyone. This is... Hello. Hi, everyone. This is Amit and I'm talking about NumFocus. If you've been to Pyata London, then you might have seen this presentation. So this is the mission of Num... How many of you have heard of NumFocus? Pretty much not everyone. Okay. This is the mission of NumFocus to promote high-level programming languages like Python and Julia, and make projects sustainable. Sustainable. Better tools for the better world. So the projects sponsored by NumFocus are used by everyone, pretty much everyone, for example, from Netflix to NASA. So NumFocus has a fiscal sponsorship program which does these things for the projects. So open source projects are always lacking of resources and they don't want to do all these things by themselves and because... and these things are tricky bits. NumFocus is a part of, for example, Google Summer of Code, DIC and these things. Have you heard of Google Summer of Code? How many of you have heard of it? Any students in the room? So Google Summer of Code is a program by Google which sponsors students writing code for open source projects and NumFocus is an organization in that, so basically you can work in the summer for open source projects and get some good cash. So Pyata is one of the big initiatives of NumFocus. I think now you can see it has got like 101 groups right now. So if you want to start a new one, just come and talk to me. So raise your hand if you have used one of these projects. Keep it up if you have contributed to any of them. How many of you have committed at least one patch to it or maybe contributed anyway, money, time, I think? A big round of applause for these guys, please. So this is the biggest project with open source projects because they're used by millions of people, but there are very few contributors. So NumFocus is basically trying to bridge that gap by bringing the key players to bring funding for the open source projects. So if you use these projects at work every day, then you would like to be or come here to be here. So and you can contribute in all these three ways. It's not just code. You can also contribute your time. You can contribute money by membership. And anyway, you are helping NumFocus by any of the three means. Thank you. The final final talk is by Lillian Nandi. There we go. So what do you think? Am I on to a winner with that punnit-tended joke? Have you ever heard of a joke with two punchlines at the same time? I don't think so. I think it's better than you gave it credit for, to be honest. Yeah, just needs work, needs work. All right. Any other suggestions for jokes that could be made to work with a double punchline? I'll definitely be taking them after the end. Have you got any slides, Lillian? No. Off the cuff. All right, please give Lillian a big hand for the final likely talk of the day. Hi, the title of my talk is How to Teach Computer Programming Successfully to the Next Generation in a Way Fit for Purpose. Now, it's probably an undisputed fact that computer science is the leading discipline of the 21st century. And there's not an aspect of life that programming computer science is not at medicine, science, arts, etc. And such is the ubiquitous nature of technology. And the heart of it is the algorithm and computer programming. So it's actually quite imperative that we do teach our young people and children how to program, and it has been dubbed the fourth R, such as reading, writing and arithmetic. And there's been a recent worldwide initiative to teach this computer programming in schools. It's only a few years old. So this has posed a great deal of challenges in many respects. One being infrastructure, teachers teaching resources, textbooks, etc. Two being programming languages, three being the curriculum, and four maybe perception. So let's just look at a couple of these programming languages.  And I was the only person there teaching years 7 to 13. As such, I had a lot of freedom in what I did. And no one knowing anything about it, I could tell them anything. I could make them play robots and say this is computational thinking. And they wouldn't know the difference. And I think they were doing that before. So, you know, conventional wisdom or there is a, that they should learn scratch before they learn a textual language. I do question this, and I do have some reservations about it. Why should they have do drag and drop languages? You know, after all they can write essays, they can solve simultaneous equations at the age of 11, they can do many things. They have textbooks, they have exercise books to write in. So why should it be taught, drag and drop? So I introduced this Python programming languages right across the board because previously they hadn't been in anything really. And I thought, okay, programming language is like English. They treat it like an essay. It has grammar, it has structure, it has repetition, etc. So that's the way I approached it. And they were taught from the ground upwards, a bottom up approach rather than a top down approach. They had no projects to do. They were mastering the input statement, the output statement, the for loop, the while loop in very small programs. Now it was very boring. It was copying and it was very repetitive. But I think it was quite important that they had to master their basics. And about after eight weeks or so, they had actually mastered these basics. And they were able to write programs or some note after that point. And it also became their favourite subject as well. The other point is one of curriculum here. Governments worldwide, they have curriculums. They put some words on a piece of paper. And the educational establishments tend to follow these curriculums. Now I dispute this. I have some reservation with this as well. I don't think it should be actually government-led per se.  I remember at school, when we studied English, grammar was taken out of the curriculum and our teacher said to us, it's very important so I will teach you. And our maths and our English teachers had the courage of their convictions to teach us things which were not in the curriculum. So really I think computer science people should have convictions to teach things which are important and insist and not in the curriculum per se. It's a guide and it's an important guide but it's not the be-end and end-all. And perception the students have to realise it's something quite desirable. Now luckily I was, I say luckily I was in a boys' school and they did perceive it as something desirable and we made it even more desirable by showing computer applications of computers generating classical music, making generating Rembrandts doing robotic surgery. And I showed these videos from age 11, 12, 13, 14, 15. Now guess who was most enthralled by it? It was the 11 year olds which loved the painting of the Rembrandt. We don't have to show them things that they already know as such. We can bring their level up if we want to do so and that's what education is about is to bring people's level up. And really I think that computer science should be commercially led and be fit for purpose and we should we shouldn't dumb down, we shouldn't make it simple we should make it harder and fit for purpose. Thank you. Thank you very much, Lillian. That was our final lightning talk for the day. Can I please get a round of applause for every single person who came up and gave a lightning talk here today? I'm handing over now to your conference chair. Please give them a big hand for all the work that the organizers have done for our wonderful day, a big round of applause scenario. Without this person there would be no conference. Okay, so I hope everyone had a good time and we are just going to close the day with some final remarks. So first of all please remember to leave the liners at the exit. You will be able to collect them tomorrow and go through the registration again. I'm sorry about that but it's a pretty procedure. Next, I forgot this morning but I have it here. So that's the link if you want to get into the Slack workspace you also have it in the email that we send to all the attendees. But in case you didn't receive the email it went to the spam you can just join the Slack via this invitation email. Next, we have social leaving now happening really across the corner the places called the Sugar Loft we invite you all to come. BRs are on you, of course, sorry about that and all the money just goes to the PSF which is probably a better use than just paying some BS. We invite you to come, have some time sharing together and continue the working which I think is one of the key things of these events. We were asked how can you deliver feedback to the organization so we are going to send an email after the event where if you have any suggestions for next year or anything you want to share with us we'll provide some links and some way to provide the structure of feedback for you. And last thing many people have asked and I know this is like probably the most codicious item of the whole conference if you want an amazing first t-shirt you have my here in the front it's not only an amazing developer but also that's impressive work on design that is going to prepare a way for you to be able to get the t-shirt. So, well, first of all can I have please a round of applause for May for this amazing logo and all the design for the project. So with that I hope to see you in Sugar Loft and to see you tomorrow as well. Thank you very much and that's the video we missed this morning. Thank you.


we are recording. So hey everyone, we are on Tuesday the second of March. It's about midday, not too much going on in the markets really. We have Eddie Donmez on and we are going to have a chat about a couple of things really, this all instigated by questions in the room this morning about the ARC ETFs and then Eddie's thankfully jumped on and we then very quickly got into talking about the rotations between green energy and you know oil producers and yeah I mean Eddie the floor is yours. Yeah so we're talking EV and ARC and ARC's obviously been the dream over the last kind of year or so. It's attracted billions in new flows. Cathie Wood kind of couldn't do any wrong I think as far as the market was concerned I think fueled by tons of factors right I think discount rates being at zero, interest rates being at zero, the emergence of retail kind of involvement in markets, gamification of retail and then Elon Musk all these kind of the mood music and the sentiment was really everything going for Cathie Wood right? She sold some pretty interesting stories with genomics and electric vehicles and these huge addressable markets and you know I'm a huge fan of her, I really like her thinking, she's very transparent both with ETFs but also her kind of like open source research so she you know she speaks on tons of podcasts about all her research analysts that are industry experts you know they're all over Twitter being challenged by professors and you know industry experts on their research and all their research published you know publicly even their models and things like that so you know you've got to admire her kind of I guess Ray Dalio's radical transparency and the transparency of what she's doing you know she publishes all of her trades daily all of the ARC holding so that's ARC, K, ARC, G you know all those different ETFs you know she publishes all of those every day but as we saw very recently with yields rising you know Pears and I have spoken about this and Anthony and Pears have spoken about this but if you want to check out a video of why yields rising is bad for stocks just check out the Amplify live video also talked about different forms of valuation and how that affects kind of stocks but in short more speculative cash flows further in the future lots of uncertainty for example we don't know what's going to go on here in the current day two months from now with COVID and things like that so basically when companies are super speculative they're betting on cash flows or being profitable in 2025, 2030, 2040 and you know the world's uncertain inflation can happen COVID can happen anything can happen so there's cash flows depending on you know where they are in that kind of time frame the further are they out the more risky they are so less kind of less guarantee of the valuation today and investors are paying a huge amount for future valuations. So something we were talking about was you know I mean I agree completely I think you know I showed ARC ETFs to some of my friends who work in tech and they were instantly on it like in it on it wanted more and I'm sure you know when's a good time to get in well it depends on you know as we were talking about it depends on your time horizon and similar to the mortgage story you know if you're in a 30-year contract what do you care what the underlying asset market does in five years time, 10 years time you don't really and these things are cyclical but if you're you know if you're buying these things on margin that can essentially go to zero on you and go negative on your on your balance so then that's a different story but if you're buying these things outright you're going to be you're going to be doing fine over the term but I mean I suppose some questions I mean just to play devil's advocate to probably both of us there I mean you know these are there's a lot of cool stocks in there there's a lot of like really sort of you know millennial type of attractiveness to it you know but is there value right now is there value? Yeah so I look they're great sexy stories basically and there's going to be you know the lots of cynics right that you know seeing Kathy we're doing being extremely successful and kind of selling the dream just like we see kind of lake stage, SPACs and things like that you know it's very difficult to determine who's going to be super valuable right you know if you're looking at all the holdings are all the holdings going to be you know the the google's and facebook's and amazon's the world probably not right but that's survivorship that's going to you know she's going to pick her winners and pick her losers as kind of time comes on but the market will pick the winners and losers as well as that. So it's difficult to determine but I think what's great about her she's so transparent and she she makes lots of assumptions and if this happens if x happens if y happens if it's policy if it's markets if it's monetary fiscal company execution then this is going to be achieved and she was she was dead right with tesla and you know will she have another call like this again who knows could could be no right I think there was a lot of especially need to have another yeah like this again is the question you know exactly so she attracted so many flows into etfs and tesla was a huge winner of that but from the cynical perspective and what we saw when yields rose very recently as we saw these kind of these funds the the favourites tank pretty much they were they were there was huge short interest lots of you know selling volumes and this is to do with essentially the liquidity of the etfs right so yeah exactly but this is and this is what Kathy was is saying and this is what she did in march was she loves these opportunities and you know this is her talking about of course but she sells the googles and amazons and you know those large cap names she basically views them as cash so she just puts in you know that they'll trade sideways or up you know a couple of percent but she sells those names on these dips to buy those small cap names you know and that's yeah though she buys the gene editing she buys the autonomous taxis she buys the teledocs and all of those names well they have a lot of growth and upside potential whereas you know we're facing into 10 years here where you know all these googles and top tier blue chip techs are just going to go sideways i mean i think apple is going to continue to innovate out of its skin as it tends to do but you know they're the the rest of them i think are facing a lot of headwinds with you know policy changes in eurozone you know antitrust committees in the u.s so if you're in social it's not going to be such a smooth next 10 years for you yeah i mean we could do a whole another you know recording of hours about all of those names but i think it's really interesting how she views them as cash basically and they're her her treasuries almost and then she sells those to enter opportunistic dips in the more speculative names but i do want to kind of get to what happened really last week why they sold off so dramatically we talked about the cash flows and things like that but the concern from participants and this is can get really kind of quite technical so i'll try and keep it as high level as possible just for for all of us but the concern is with these big ETFs right 43 percent according to some some researches arcs total equity holdings are in stocks in which the firm owns at least 10 percent of all shares outstanding right so that's a huge amount of ownership in very small companies basically with with very low liquidity if we're talking about kind of overall volumes of some of the teslas and things like that so as tim you'll know more than anyone liquidity's always there when you don't need it and not there when you do need it right so during these downturns where the market sells off or you know the speculative names unravel all these different types of things these less less liquid stocks get hit disproportionately to the rest of the market because the the float is is smaller right same is very similar to what we saw with kind of the books are a little thinner which actually is quite it's basically like you're just spread can can be huge because that you might liquidity wise you might have a huge gap between where the volumes are on the on essentially on the ladder so if it takes out one level it's going to just drop a huge amount to meet volume at the next level down so yeah thin markets can be vicious yeah and especially with those those low volume ones is like you said you know that it can drop dramatically and then you need to find the bid somewhere but who knows where that that market and it doesn't necessarily I think when you're observing that happening it can give the impression that the move and the fundamental shift that a much bigger fundamental shift as I play when actually it's just a lot of gapping around and finding volume and price discovery and things like that so yeah so this is so what happened last week was because these you know it's very transparent right what similar to USO right they knew investors knew in April when the oil price went negative and you can talk a bit more about this later that you know they were they were buying the they knew the contracts that the the fund was buying right and so when the oil price tank they could almost front run that trade on on USO but what we saw was we saw a huge amount of redemptions from the ETFs outflows basically from from the arc ETFs where you know fund managers you know obviously it's been up gone up 100% or 39% annually for the last since it's inception in 2014 and yield spiked and they kind of you know ran to the doors and pulled all of a lot of flows from that ETF and when there's kind of redemptions then this is where the problem is is when there's a discount to the nav the net asset value of the underlying stocks and they're super illiquid and it's very obvious what they own right then there's going to be redemptions there and then that's going to exacerbate the moves particularly in those kind of lower volume stocks just to really try and keep a boil down simplicity it's kind of like a self-fulfilling prophecy domino effect that can kind of eat itself similar if you a good example is Balmageddon and the portfolio insurance but from February 2018 I'll post that link in the room later. Yeah do you want to talk about USO and how that kind of is kind of similar to what we saw with you know when the oil price tanked? Yeah I mean so USO essentially was more is more the nav as in the net asset value of USO is more constituted on the front month futures on M123 months 1 2 and 3 in front of cash so the spot market is the price right now to exchange that then you have the front month which is 30 days forward delivery from today theoretically and then 60 days and 90 days and so USO was pretty pretty much well is always pretty much very heavy on months 1 and 2 in the front and they would represent at points about 23% of the global futures on NIMEX in WTI and so essentially they that's what their net asset value is and so when you had oil going below zero you had people saying oh well hold on a sec USO is trading at like 20 and oil is now printing at minus 30 I don't think I want to own this anymore and so you have people exiting the USO ETF and therefore you have USO selling then because you have people exiting the ETF then it also means that USO are essentially then selling futures contracts in months 1 and 2 and 3 in front so what you get is it's similar when an underlying asset in this case it's oil for USO or say Tesla for ARC was ARC F for ARC K then you get flight to the door and then the fund managers themselves have to then execute sales in the underlying so it's like this self-feeding thing and it only really stops and it only really stops until the fund managers say all right I'm done liquidating we're now holding a core position I'm not willing to let that core position go I think that's a perfect explanation I think what's also interesting about that was everyone knew USO's position right and more importantly their limitations so it was the CFTC's rules on those position limits on the futures contracts so when the market saw that opportunity they all piled in to push the fund to those limits right because they knew that that was their their position and then that exacerbated the forces even more and then that's what's then oil so so essentially yeah people yeah yeah that's it it gets a bit tricky actually because there was people exiting USO and then it flipped once oil went negative actually then it turned inverse the people piling in to USO which essentially then saw USO buying a ton of June options and of course the it was the or sorry it was the April contract that went negative and and so then they just were like we're not even entertaining buying May risk here because we don't know what the hell is going to happen we're going to just jump straight to June for USO from month futures buying and so then you see the turn occur then people go from net selling USO holdings to to being massive net buyers because it's it's at zero and what the result of that the FT had a great video up from one of their journalists near the time but they've since offline that I'm going to try and get them to put it back up but she did a very in-depth example of how USO was constituted and how they actually had to reorganize the pricing on on how their their their the USO's price and after that happens so it was very interesting stuff yeah and I think we can you know different to USO but again comparable to the the arc stuff is GameStop as well right when people so if you're short like Melvin Capital were in a very illiquid name and everyone knows that you're short and then investors can just pile in and then it's a self-fulfilling prof prophecy when you get the short squeezes and then the gamma squeezes and then you know it really exacerbates and this is if we bring it all the way back to arc it says investors yanked 465 million from the arc innovation fund according to Refinitiv and if there's more redemptions then that's going to lead her to sell the liquid holdings like the Amazons the you know whether a big large cap tech they're they're holding and then there's a there's a squeeze and then there's a self-fulfilling prophecy when that can actually affect the you know the wider market so also unwind the illiquid holdings so this makes sense as to why I saw a tweet yesterday about the Wall Street Bets guys effectively going to try and target Amazon now because they know that Kathy Wood if she gets pushed to the breakpoint on some of her more tech like Tesla for example let's use Tesla if you get densely selling on Tesla she's going to have to unwind other positions to then buy other stuff and rebalance her funds and so people are going to put a put a short squeeze on Amazon yeah so that's insane yeah I mean look we've got to draw the line somewhere I think look yeah Amazon and GameStop they're very different right so when you're trying to play a do a play on GameStop which is super liquid they couldn't do more different yeah so you know that's a bit more wild I mean I would say I'd love to see that I think that would be very impressive if they did but that's a different story I think they're just kind of fantasizing there unlike GameStop where you can actually that you resort because the volume is so low but but yeah right I think I think that's probably more more than we wanted to discuss but so interesting I think all of sure just before we yeah I mean let's let's let's see but there and then we'll we'll go on and have our chat about green energy and whatnot in a second brilliant thanks Eddie cheers thanks