welcome to module 9 of chemical kinetics and transition state theory. So, this is the third installment of kinetic theory of collisions. In the last two installments we had looked at the basic idea which once again is assuming our reactants looks like hard spheres and they are colliding with each other and we calculate the rate of the reaction is nothing but the rate of these collisions ok. So, last module we tried to figure out this thermal speed u as essentially the relative speed u and finding a thermal average and we did that by doing the center of mass transformation and all. Once we have a rate constant, we are going to analyze it a little bit, we are going to calculate the rate constant out of the rate, we are going to look at a spatial case when a is equal to b when both reactants are identical and and we will end with a comparison with the famous Arrhenius equation. So, again the resources are the chapter 4 of the Laidler's book or you can look at this link by chemlibor.dex.org. Again a quick recap, we note that this kinetic theory of collisions is valid only and only for bimolecular reactions. We identified the thermal speed as this u 8 kT over pi mu and this mu entered as a reduced mass ma mb over ma plus mb and we had gotten this final rate in the last module pi r a plus r b square root 8 kT over pi mu into na into nb. So, first let us simplify and calculate the rate constant. So, what is the difference between rate and rate constant? So, again let us write the reaction clearly a plus b going to products and remember we are assuming this is elementary, this is one step nothing more is happening, a is coming and b is coming and they are colliding and giving these products. So, my rate I can write essentially as k na nb, you might be wondering why I am not using concentration of n to it is really the same thing, it is a matter of change of units. Remember what is na? Na is nothing but the particle density which is the number of a molecules or atoms divided by the volume. Let me write volume clearly and similarly b is defined as the number density of b. Well that is effectively the same thing as concentration. So, as long as we are talking in the language of na nb, rate will become equal to k into na into nb. So, you can go back to the first module we discussed and go back to the definition of rate which is d of extent of reaction over dt and you can identify that to be the same as this. It is really the same thing it is just a transformation. So, then you notice that the rate I have calculated is this. So, if I compare these two, I can easily get if I have got this rate constant and of course, the rate is k na nb. I want to spend just a few minutes and just think of dimensions or units. Just make sure that our final result makes sense. There is no catastrophe that has happened in my whole proof. Everything is still logical, everything is still sensible. That is always a good check. Anytime you have derived something make sure that the end result is something that you can verify. I mean something that makes sense and one of the most important thing that we often do is dimensional analysis. So, what is the first of all the unit of rate? So, again my reaction is a plus b going to some products and rate is minus d na by dt. Again you could have written concentration of a by dt that does not matter. It effectively is the same thing, it is just a transformation. If you write concentration of a then in our definitions here and here as well this will be transformed to concentration. So, the unit of this, what is the unit of na then the units? The units is nothing but number of particles divided by volume. So, the unit of rate is nothing but d na over dt. So, number of particles divided by volume into time, time comes from dt. So, na is number of particles by volume and te is time. So far so good. So, k is rate divided by na nb. So, this will be number of particles divided by volume into time divided by number of particles square divided by volume square. So, if you simplify this, this will be equal to volume divided by number of particles into time. So, let us see the rate constant that I have got here. How does that look like? So, our k has the dimensions of pi does not have any dimension. So, I am looking at this equation now. Ra plus rb square that has dimensions of length square and this thing is nothing but speed and speed is length divided by time. So, I have length q which is nothing but volume by time. So, the point is that this rate constant should be understood as eventually divided by the number of particles. So, we compare this with this. The final thing I the next thing I want to compare is a somewhat special case if a is equal to b. So, I have 2 a going to some products and so a is reacting with itself. You might be a bit surprised perhaps, but actually we have seen such an example when we were discussing the isomerization of cyclohexane. Sorry, isomerization of cyclopropane 2 propene. Then we discuss this 2 a. The question is can I write k as the same pi of ra plus ra square into root 8 kT over pi mu. Actually the answer is no, there is a little bit of a trick here. So, let us go back to the basics. What are we calculating? We are calculating the average number of collisions happening per unit time per unit volume. That is a definition of rate number collisions per unit time per unit volume. So, imagine you have this big box, you have a here. Let us say you have a lot of a's and you have a lot of b's. So, I am again going over back to the case when a and b are distinct. So, what I am really doing is I look at one particular a. I sit on a1 and I wait for time dT, delta T whatever and I find the number of collisions a1 had. So, this essentially is an average quantity. Remember all statistical mechanics is average. So, this we are calculating as collisions of a1 in time delta T. Well, plus collisions of a2 in time delta T plus dot dot dot till the collisions of all an divided by total number of a. So, that is why we used na as a probability density. So, yeah this is again I am going back to the very basics. Now, let us do the same thing. If a is equal to b, you will notice something very interesting will happen now. I had a1, a2, a3 and b is the same. I have a4, a5, a6, yeah and I am looking at the collisions between a and a. So, when I do this averaging number of collisions of a1 in time dT plus number of collisions of a2 in time delta T plus so on divided by total number of a. What you notice is that I am counting the collisions twice because a1 might have collided with a2. That collision will appear here and the same collision will appear here. So, every collision I will count twice if I am considering collisions between same entities yeah. So, this rate will be half of total number of collisions per unit time per unit volume because why did this half appear each collision has been. So, spend some time on it think about it a little bit and you will immediately see that this each collision is counted twice. So, in effect my rate will be half of pi or 2 rA square it was rA plus rB and rB equal to rA into root 8 kT over pi mu and mu also becomes simplified mu is ma into mB. So, B is again A divided by ma plus mB but B is nothing but A. So, this becomes ma over for A with A. So, always remember this factor of half when you are looking at bimolecular reaction where A is colliding with itself. So, we have got a rate constant k is equal to this pi rA plus rB square 8 kT over pi mu maybe a factor of half if you are more particular about it A being equal to B or not ok. But let us take a broader picture. Arrhenius and Vanthoff had earlier written a more general equation k is equal to A into e to the power of minus eA over RT yeah and this was found to be experimentally true. So, we know this equation is more or less true the do these two equations now compare that is the question. So, a few important points to note first we are basically relating this A with this quantity. So, the first thing to note is that A has this temperature dependence here. So, A is proportional to root T. So, that is the point number 1. Second which is the more important point the collision theory so far is missing a critical factor this exponential this exponential is the critical part that is what Arrhenius looked at that part and postulated that a transition state must exist this transient species between the reactant and product must exist because of this exponential form and that is simply missing here ok. So, in the next module we will look how to include that and the assumption we have made several assumptions so far and the assumption that really goes wrong is that. So, we have assumed that all collisions are reactive so far and that of course cannot be true just think from the perspective of how Arrhenius was thinking Arrhenius basically was thinking of a transition state that looks like this and so Arrhenius said that you need a minimum activation energy for reaction to happen. But what have we said in this collision theory every collision is reactive at any energy. So, these two molecules might be approaching very very slowly this is coming out very very slowly like this they will still react. So, there is no sense of any activation energy here what we have to build into this theory is that molecules that are moving slower should not react molecules should react only if they have sufficient energy. So, that is the thing we are going to build in next module. So, in this module in summary we have discussed the distinction between rate constant and rate. We have looked at a special case when a biomolecular reaction is happening of a reactant with itself and finally, we have compared and analyzed with Arrhenius equation and two important points emerge one the pre-exponential factor in Arrhenius equation depends on temperature a square root of t and the second is that currently the exponential itself is missing. So, we have to work somehow to include that which we will do in module number 10. Thank you very much.


HOW'S IT GOING EVERYBODY DOT TO DOY HERE, and if you're watching this video, there's a very good chance you're familiar with Dragon Ball. And as a side effect to that fact, you're most likely pretty familiar with the characters that make up the franchise. It's the reason why we know the difference between Goku and Vegeta. But what if those characters weren't drawn by professional artists? Would we still be able to name the characters that we're seeing on screen? That question is essentially what this video is going to attempt to answer today. In order to do that, I have assembled an ace team of Dragon Ball fans to compete in a four-round Dragon Ball-themed Pictionary event. The topic, of course, mainly being Dragon Ball characters, but because I had to write the list in manually myself, I also threw in a few curveballs such as battle scenes from Dragon Ball, like Goku vs. Vegeta or Goku vs. Frieza, and then I also threw in one that only I could get because I thought it'd be funny to see someone try to draw it. That one is Goku doing a backflip. Don't ask me why I entered it, I don't know, I just thought it would be funny, but hopefully somebody picks this in the actual event. No matter what they picked though, it's important to remember that the game won't generate a reference for them, so they'll essentially be drawing whatever they choose from memory alone. With all of that out of the way, let's go ahead and jump into the actual games and see if people are able to decipher what some of these drawings are. Alright, our first artist is CELOSTV, let's see what they're able to do here. Whose name finishes off with two letters? Oh, it's an android, it's an android. Is it 17 or 18? Who is this? Android 18? So it's gotta be 17. Why is he working so hard on the hair? Why does that guy still think it's 16? Is that a skateboard? Oh, nope, no, erase, erase, erase, that was a mistake, mistake, mistake. No face, huh? We're just drawing 17 based off his hair and his body, I guess. Parachute is still very confused down there, he doesn't quite get what's going on. Nope, parachute unfortunately does not get that it is android 17 and is going to miss out. Now parachute is our next starter. This Vegeta's hairline, this kind of looks like a Vegeta hairline to me. What is this? It looks like chicken little. Why are you bullying? Vegeta, Super Saiyan, Lord chill. What is going on? Nobody's guessed it right so far. So we got it. It's go, it's go on. It's not go on. What is this? Who is this dude? No, don't delete it. He, he grayed the screen. It's not go on. What is, how did lava lamp get this? Somebody just thumbs him down. Put the pencil down. Why are we put, oh go, I get it now. Okay. That's why he dark, okay. I get it. I get it. I get it. This is Chow Tzu. This is a great drawing. I don't know how to spell Chow Tzu. I don't know how to spell Chow Tzu. Oh, this is so embarrassing. No, I can't be the, I can't be the last one to get this. That's got it. Ugh. This round was hard just because it's hard spelling Chow Tzu. How do you spell it? Wow. Losers. Look at these guys. Couldn't even get Chow Tzu, huh? I did throw in some characters that are unknown. So this, it's not going to work. Oh, it's Majin. Oh, it's Bobbity. It's Bobbity. Yes. Yes. Let's go. I got it frame one. Let's see if the others. Oh, people are getting it now. Ew. I don't like that he's drawing Bobbity's like hair follicles. I guess, I guess it is an important part of the character design, but he kind of looks like Rufus. I will summon Majin Buu. Why is this drawing actually Bibbity? Man wrote Bibbity Buu. I'm having too much fun with this. Good drawing. Look at the silos being supportive. It's I doya. He's representing Dotto doya right now. He's got to, he's got to represent me well. What's the drawing? This is Vegeta. It's Vegeta. It's Vegeta. The classic McDonald's hairline. You got to know it's Vegeta right away. Oh, that's a good art. Yo. Wait a minute. Oh, that looks like, we got a serious artist in the house. It's Cell. Is it Cell? I don't think I wrote Cell. It's Cooler.  Let's go. That's probably the best one we've had so far, but what an art. What a piece of art here. What is this? What? He couldn't tell that was Cooler. Oh, should have. Oh, no. This is going to be so hard if I take this. I'll do it. I'll do it for the team. I'm focused. Dude, it's him doing his EX move. How could you not tell? How can people not tell, bro? EX move. Look at the reference photos. This is a long name. Oh, this is Goku doing a backflip. It's Goku doing a backflip. I'm not going to guess it, but I am going to write it in. If you guess it, it takes away all of his time. So I'm going to give him the full 187. I'm so happy you took this. Fogg, I'm so happy you took this.  Oh, people are not getting it at all. They see this long sense. They don't get it. Are those his legs? Oh, no. He's coming up from the backflip. He's coming up. Raccoon. I think that's Raccoon. Raccoon. He does kind of have Raccoon's hairstyle. All right. He colored it in black. Look, you can see Fogg was like, no, it's not Raccoon. That's exactly why he colored it in. You still got 90 seconds, baby. Yeah, draw the arrow. He's drawing the motion lines. He's drawing the motion lines. He's coming down. He's just giving up. He's trying to... People are saying Gohan now. You can tell he's... You can tell he's really reacting to the fan criticism. He's going to try to work on making it more Goku-like. There we go. Beautiful. I think that does sell it. That sells it a little better. Goku doing a backflip is the final boss battle of Pictionary. Nobody's getting it. Nobody's getting it. He's just letting the art speak for itself at this point. There. I'm going to guess it. I'm going to make people nervous. Oh, yeah, that one. They're thinking it's an inside joke, but I just wrote that for no reason. We got somebody drawing the ground now. But who's this next to him? Who's... Oh, it's... No, it wouldn't be Mr. Satan. But who is this? I thought that was Boo standing next to him. Is that a horse? What is going on here? I have no idea what this is. If I'm going to be completely honest with you. This one, even I don't know. P. It starts with... It's the pilaf gang. That's why he looks like a dog. The dog walks on two legs though. He's not drawing any faces. He's just leaving the pilaf gang as faceless entities. He does wear purple. He does wear purple. Yes! Somebody else got it. No, nobody's going to get it. Pilaf gang. You guys got to get the pilaf gang. Is it cool? No, it can't be cooler. So who is this? This looks like a cool... Is this ultra... No, it can't be ultra instant Goku either. He looks sad about being... He looks sad though. What is... Who is this? I have no idea. I can't tell. Oh, baby Vegeta. Wow. I would never have gotten that. I would never have... We forgot about GT. But if it isn't Zamasu, who is it? We got a whole stick figure drawing. Goku hair clearly going down into... Oh, it's Goten. It's Goten. He's got the whole family picture. I want to see these three doing the family... That would be funny. This one. That one. Pretty good drawing. Pretty good drawing. Got the point across. Oh, this is a mean-looking drawing. Wait a minute. Who's the artist? Kebab. Drawing. Look at this. Oh, and it's gone. He deleted it. Oh, the classic Dragon Ball nose. I recognize that anyway. What is with the right eye? It's a scouter. Is it not Vegeta then? It's Bardock. It's not Bardock. Who is this? Oh, somebody got it. Turlis. That was so hard. Okay. Turlis was a hard one. I was like, if it's not Bardock, why didn't he keep deleting? I feel like I have to go with Doctor Briefs because nobody else went with this character. But I don't remember what Doctor Briefs looks like. I'm going to give it a shot. I'm going to give it a shot. All right. So I remember him having almost like a parted style of hair that kind of wrapped around his head like, ooh, this is bad. And then he had glasses, right? He had big spectacles on. He had big spectacles and a slight crooked smile. He was a smart fella. He knew what he was getting into. Ooh, this is bad. His arms would be somewhere around here. Maybe if I draw a little Bulma, that'll do pretty well. I don't think it's selling people. Okay. So we're going to circle him just so they know he's the drawing. Dragon Ball. And then I'm going to build the Dragon Radar. The Dragon Radar so they know it's CapsaCorp. I'm going to build the sea. It's all coming together now. Sea. I forgot what the CapsaCorp logo looks like. Oh, no. CapsaCorp. What's the CapsaCorp logo? I can't remember the CapsaCorp logo. Is it this? Sea. Oh, somebody got it. Somebody got it. They just didn't write the S. They didn't write the S. I got to draw.   This does not.  This does not look like a brain.  Big brain. Okay. Somebody cut. I just did not look like a brain. Ah, well, you know, yeah, I'm not a good artist. So what am I supposed to do? Oh, what is this? Yo, this is looking bad detailed. This is going to be a versus photo. Wow. Wow. This is so good. I kind of want to let this rock out. We got an artist over here. Look at this. I know this is Goku versus Vegeta. We got to let this. No. Look at this. My man is stunting on us. Oh, damn. Go on. Just do what you got to do then. We're back. We're back to my style of drawing, baby. Right back into it. Right back into my style of drawing. Oh, I love the quick cut. Right back to my style of drawing, baby. Now, what is this? What is this? This is blue hair. Oh, it is blue hair. So it's not Bulma. Who is this? Wait. Well, it's not Bulma. Wait. Well, long. Sneeze. The transition. Now I'm... You know what? This is a pretty good drawing. And now I get to go ahead and come in with the crucial drawing. I don't know. I didn't get a lot of time. All right. Deadpool's back up for the final round, the artist of the bunch. What's he going to draw now? Somebody already guessed it, so he's running on low time. He's running on low time. What is this? I don't know what this is. I don't know what this is. Oh, it's Kid Boo. I'm a lot of draw though. I see where it's going. Even if I have to sacrifice points, I want to see him get max time. Man, put a lot of time into the teeth. He's got to finish off the eyes. Oh, he's gave up. Is it Frieza? This got to be Frieza. Oh, I'm missing out on points. Frieza, it was... So that's all you need to convey Frieza to Dragon Ball fan. Why is he making his eyes so... He's mad. He's upset now. Is he crying? Yep. So that apparently that's all you need to convey Frieza to Dragon Ball. A circle with a slight semi-circle of purple. And then you got Frieza. It's almost my turn, fellas. It's almost my turn to draw for the final piece. Did somebody pick Goku again? Triangle does not equal square. Triangle does not equal square. At least this was a new and interesting way to draw Tien. He's going to add the third eye and that's when people are going to get it. Here we go. Really? Nobody's going to get Tien? I thought the third eye thing would settle it for good. Is it my turn to draw? Am I going to end it off? It's time. I guess let's draw Broly. I don't know how to draw. I'm trying to do his hand. Give me this hand. Okay, just do the hand like this, right? And then I can stick the thumb out here. Thumb connects to the palm. And then I can just do a green energy blast.  He'll go, ha! Ah! Ah! Draw the blue ball around his neck. The gold chain. I didn't get his head in quite frame. But it works. I got second place. Congratulations to all of the artists that came into the game. All of the guesters. Great games to everybody involved. But the drawings actually aren't going to end here. Because this turned into such a celebration of Dragon Ball and its characters, I asked on Twitter for people to draw Goku and Vegeta doing literally anything they wanted to. And a lot of artists came through and dropped off some pieces. So I wanted to end the video by showing off some of those artists. And of course the artist's Twitter handle will be on screen and there will be links down below. But hopefully you guys enjoy the art and I will see you in the next video.


Hey everyone and welcome to a welcome back to noise cold. I'm Yoshida you guys so today is Thursday April 20th and I haven't done my budget for the week but let me show you I know this is just kind of right but these two-page sticky notes have been saving me I'm not even gonna lie these two-page sticky notes right here has been saving me so I've just been writing kind of budgeting like this you guys kind of haven't gotten a budget for me in about what two weeks and this is what I've been doing I'm sorry this is what I've been doing and I hate to show it to you and I don't have any to sell it's just easy for me to just put these in here and go about my day and especially on my schedule so I can see like about clients and stuff like that so anyway nonetheless I was debating whether to even though I haven't done my budget this week with you guys whether to do that but I've been meaning to do a flip through of quarter one so we're going to get into that so if that sounds like something that you are interested in please stick around and we're going to get right into it okay you guys so let's get into this I don't think I've done a flip of my budget planner in a minute but I used the class disc um excuse me the class covers from cloth and paper my discs are from Levenger I just haven't changed them I've put them on here and just haven't changed them level I'm a creature of habit just who I am over here in the pockets I just have this little memo card um I don't know anyway from cloth and paper just as a reminder just some affirmations I like to say to myself these uh this was in the budget box one of the budget boxes so I put that in there and I can't remember where I got this from but I think it was a portable and then again I don't know where I got this from it's in there I don't keep a whole lot in my pockets in here because I'm not like in here that long and then I have a little yelf saying this before here I got like a breakdown or something that I'm just not going to share right now but it's $10,000 but I gotta do the breakdown um and just some like money information stuff there and this was in a budget box and just some little sticky notes from the budget budget box here as well um my favorite to pays inbox so here my quarter one goes actually I need to fill out for quarter two and I need to cross off the cross off the things that I completed in quarter one um looking at it I think I did almost all of it except for maybe one um yeah and so this is from our first budget box it is the um 2023 budget bundle you can find that it should be linked below but if not you can go over to my website it's there it is a digital you can print it out you have access to it all the time print in meetings copies you'd like whatever don't care and I need to fill in my credit score I've been meaning to do that keep forgetting um and this is my calendar section and pretty much everything in here is from my shop the only thing is the dividers are from both in paper so next we're going to get into the calendar section and again this is from the 2023 budget bundle your link over your holidays things like that a perpetual calendar and I just couldn't figure out how to use this in my budget planner for me I have a customer who uses it for like no spend days here that's what I was going to type in my um put in my amounts that I'll make monthly but I realized this is daily Yoshida so that's the would be a good idea um just have to figure that out and then what I did was you won't get the dated calendar in the budget bundle so I swapped out the dated calendar for our no excuse me our undated calendar for the dated calendar for the year so here's January some of us may or may not have anything in here February and each month I try to find a groove of like maybe color coding maybe not maybe you know putting down my goals maybe not here I try to sketch a calendar because I don't care if that calendar is if they're not so that's why it's not on here and then here we are at April this is my birthday month and I'm trying some color coding as you can see just to see but my brain is doing the dizzy so I'm like I don't know if that's gonna work for me but yeah so then I have my birthday marked things like that holidays all that great stuff and they may have already started kind of pre-planning for me I don't have anything in these other months so we're gonna skip to monthly and here I just have this turn down but it's a half page from cloth and paper and I just have it turned down because it was like some expenses for the business and then here's a dashboard that was in one of my budget boxes I can never remember I know I do try to grab these some things from the budget box like here I'm to the point now I'm selling my stuff and I gotta figure that out but like if my stuff is the last stuff I sell it so sometimes I just don't get to keep it and then I know I can just print a dashboard but um sometimes I don't care if I don't get a dashboard I'd rather not print it because I'm lazy than to to get myself whatever and I just took one of the journaling cards from one of our budget boxes on the back of that some half pages from cloth and paper this is January February March April so we're at April over here and then we're done with the monks and then this dashboard is from cloth and paper and then this is some more month where we at this is this is from last year October and then now we're into my weekly and this is another dashboard for one of our budget boxes so now we get into the paycheck budget and then I like making little notes of things that happen so see I totally forgot I was so upset at this moment but I think was right around Christmas um HP was through a hundred and eighty five dollars out of my account they deposited 82 of it back so this is a note to kind of remind me especially when I forget about things like that and it kind of left me in a negative so and I like to see my week progressed I like to see how my budget has progressed over the year so I thought this quarter flip would be great and then here I got what I made from Norris Cove this week got a oil change here so in case I need to transfer that I can see and it says a hundred and thirty eight dollars because I got my oil change and my touch rotated now to me I need to highlight this because um I'm from a highlighter that'll let me know when it's time to go um make a envelope I've been loving this um highlighter this came out latest budget box but I felt like the tan color but I'm loving this color here um it lets me know that to start a envelope for my car if I need to get an oil change time rotation this is what it'll cost me and then here I put taxes basically I paid we do another highlight I paid my tax lady 300 so that let me know to put that into my little yearly overview that way when next year when she was like oh but that charger last year uh it's right here honey I got everything down um my car actually changes sometimes from month to month so I got it here I got little notes here and then this was 327 and I've been making some notes here I had to get my emissions done I need to make a note of that because I did get my emissions done it's time for me to pay for my LLC I'm after the date but I look like it doesn't have any fees plus I realized I didn't play right here so I got to double up so yeah so that's that and that's it envelopes I've been using this a little more often even though I have it when the week right here as you can see how I use it once instead of me using my little notes and then that's it I'll do my little year end review um later but I think I may do quarter one you know just right now I got done I can do that quarterly and just look at it at the end of the year and then here's the money goes the last video I did we talked about the money goes this is my rough draft and this is me highlighting um things I need to fix but I still wanted to use it I use the oops all the time I love using my own oops because they don't bother me and so that's um that and this is from cloth and paper as well also this um little photo it's from talking paper I just totally licked over this um I use these because I love these total boxes and actually I can put some of these in my regular planner and then I have these and as you can see this is a oops so I keep the oops and it's really not an oops it's just didn't do the way I want it I forgot to do something to it so I keep it and yeah money these are old like these are from 2020 I don't even know if I have these in the shop anymore but um yeah so I have just some budget stuff here and then this is it says debt and I haven't wrote out any debt things which I need to get back into the ones from 2022 I took out so that's why they're not here and then this says spending tracker which I was like why did I didn't make a sticker but anyway here's my spending tracker and then I updated it I stopped in January but I've been using the sticky notes um the daily spending sticky notes so here are the new ones that we did I think month before last so that's that's and see this is business expense that's just some clear and then um the latest this was like a oops dashboard I kept it for myself but this dashboard is from front end paper and this was in our latest um budget box so again I just like keep the oops and then I like this budget box was all about sinking funds that was April's box and then this is savings but there's nothing here and then this is the notes section and these are just some tool no paper so that is my quarter one flip of my budget planner so I hope you guys enjoyed this video if you did please do me a favor hit the subscribe button also hit the notification bell and I'll see you guys my next video bye


So today I'm doing a video on how we make a video and I wanted to kind of show you the setup the gear I use and my open source workflow for it. So this is how I make YouTube videos I've actually gone through a lot of iterations, but because this is the first one. I think I've documented top to bottom We're gonna call it version 1.0 when technically I've lost track of versioning but for Purposes of YouTube here and when I go back and say, okay, what did I change I can make version? You know one point whatever or when I do a lot of changes, maybe a version 2x We'll figure out like all projects that are open source and you try to figure out what you're gonna do for versioning numbers And that can be the complicated part occasionally at least for me because I think is this a big change an incremental change But let's get started what we have here is and I'm gonna swap between the cameras And then I'm going to show how I actually put this video together on the editing side And the reason I have to do both is because my YouTube channel is obviously a lot of tutorials and some videos Like this so there's a mix of things I do and I want to kind of show all of them So this part is the filming part and it's really we call it filming nothing is film It's all digital But this is the part where we do things in the studio and how we edit it together and up here I have a GoPro just out of frame then we have two lights I have my Aston microphone and shotgun mode which is currently the audio source and I'm trying to figure out how to get the audio when I do behind here. I guess I'll just VO So I have my aperture light and my cheap softbox from I well, I think I got it either from Amazon or eBay I'll find an Amazon link for you. This is not an expensive one at all That's a little bit more money, but not excuse me. That one's a little bit more money, but I still really like it Because it works really well. It's an LED light. It's portable. It's got batteries on it But now that we're doing more studio stuff. I'm leaving these set up more often Anyways, so when we're doing a product review, for example, and I got a couple products here And I got my pixel phone which I'm going to get ready to do a review on I currently have my GoPro mounted to a boom stand over here And this boom stand works really good to hold the camera now I've Marvin's camera is not here right now. I've been borrowing his 70d until I can Decide whether or not I want to buy another 70 which I think I have a deal on a line on one right now But that's primary what we're shooting with over there is the Canon 70d I'm really happy with the camera. Everyone's like, oh, it doesn't do 4k or doesn't do this I'm like, I don't think my tutorials would be any better in 4k if they're not adding any value then Why why even add it to there also we for the tv hookup so we can see what we're doing We have a wire going from that. So this is what I see over here So occasionally I do glance over there or try never to look but when we're setting up This is an easy way for me to see what's going on Is to look we just plug it into the tv. I understand everything is going on with the camera and You know, it gives me a good idea of things on there Now with the magic lantern software It's nice because it gives me the audio level so I can make sure the audio is good on this and this asda microphone I'll leave a link to below. I'm really happy with this purchase now Everyone's like, oh road mic pro this that I tried the road mic. I had the road mic go I liked it, but I like the audio quality better on the asda and two it does stereo So when we did that group setting where we had all of us here doing hot sauce The asda microphone did phenomenal job. We have it. This is also on a boom stand But I will show you that these lights here on the couple poles It's all I really need to get a lot of this done. I am though Maybe today I'll do this I didn't like and I'm kind of getting sick of the orange behind us because I think it detracts from some of the colors Uh, so we're going to probably switch to just a gray background We want to do maybe some colors blashes that'll be like a version 1.1 Changing the background is hardly a major change But what's important is the workflow and how this gets done and how the videos get produced So this is filming that's filming I'm going to splice in a little bit of filming off of this so I can pull the whole project together And show you what's going on, but I'm going to switch to the camera on here right now Or maybe I should do the gopro. I'll do the gopro It's got a better audio because I can put a microphone on the gopro And I'll walk around and kind of show you from the other side what this looks like So this is the aperture light. I know it's kind of rigged in here. Um That's unfortunate, but we're going to we're going to put that in her right That's actually on me to do this. It's got screw. It's really solid isn't going anywhere. This is battery powered This is the aperture al five two 8s So we can dial in if we need to do this. It's on a tilt It's keep it plugged in but if I unplug it like I said, it's on battery. So it loses no brightness works really well This is the less expensive and hopefully the microphone doesn't pick up too much noise from it But I won't get too close this mic on the gopro picks up a hum just generic Cheap softbox from amazon with fluorescent tubes in it, which is why it causes problems with this microphone This I really like I'll leave a link to this. This is the boom stand That we use for holding the camera up Worked really well and this is one of the things that's really cool about this boom stand. Let me break it down real quick And it drops down simple as that Now it's locked in place and then those legs fold up so we can make it nice and small Same with this we hang the gear kind of up here When I'm not using it that way when we need more chairs and more places Which we keep the chairs all nice and neat kind of on the wall here this Is where all the extra gear ends up. So these are lots of connectors do dads. There's all our podcasting equipment Different ball heads. I really like these joby heads. They're great for holding things on This little case is where we put things like the gopro and the other cameras. That's how we do our time lapses Charging drone stuff the drone is actually up there on the shelf And when it's all done everything goes in here We lock it that way when we have like get-togethers with the random people coming in and out all the gear and all the little doodads No, I don't want to even touching them and it's less. I'm worried about people stealing it It's much more that people pick things up and touch it and lenses are super expensive Speaking of which that also brings me to this. This is my lenses the sigma 10 to 20 So this is for the real wide angle shots. I really like this lens. I've had it for like 10 years This they call the Canon nifty 50 50 millimeter. It is a F 1.8 you can pick this lens up for like really cheap. It's super inexpensive. I definitely like it quite a bit But some of the other gears just miscellaneous stuff, you know lens cleaner stuff like that Maybe I'll do a separate Gear video. I do have a lapel mic in here and that's what this is I just don't use it that often It's kind of nice when you want to walk around and get the microphone, but I don't do that as much when I do these are the Audio technica pro 8 8 w ours pick these up for dirt cheap on ebay I just dislike the fact that they use a 9 volt battery and they create a little bit of a hiss in the background So anytime I use it I have to edit that out and that annoys me the canon 70d itself is got the kit lens the 18 to 135 With the image stabilizer we leave it off because it actually uses a little bit of battery When it's on the tripod, but I use it, of course if I'm trying to shoot your freehand Which is pretty rare freehanding the camera unless you're a really good cameraman, which I am not Not needed. So I try to tripod as much as I can even this has some shake Now this is just using hdmi out and that goes up there. There's your hdmi in the wall goes through the ceiling comes back down behind the tv and It's hard to see but back there behind the tv is where all the Lines come through to get that signal from over here To over there that's simple Effective though, and I like it here as I dislike wires along the floor If you didn't notice even these wires go plug in underneath and over here So there's nothing across our path the only thing it kind of goes across the path is the audio cable when I plug it into The canon, but that's life. You got a I haven't really found an easy solution But that's why we run it on this taller boom stand from the azton microphone Up over back to the camera. It's easy enough for people to walk right under it And this is that azton microphone that has both the stereo and mono features low-pass filters Some boosting The auto mode is my favorite because it's automatically turns on when the camera turns on and then turns back off So let's turn all these things off and get to editing. That's obviously where the Open source comes into play and how how it all actually happens In case you're wondering my gopro setup Pretty simple.  This is a cheap tripod that I bought all this off craigslist Like I was just dumping it for really cheap at least this metal case and this thing So I don't know what brand it is. It's some off-brand Xs series, but it gets the job done for doing what I just did with it.  So everything's kind of spread across all these screens And now I'm going to insert that video into the video of me making the video now This is actually could be showing me how to screw up making a video Because I edited the end of it and did a bunch of editing on how I did the editing And I don't like the any of the ending of it So I'm going back and re-editing and re-splicing just the ending of it. I realized that I was a little bit too zoomed out trying to show three screens. It's how I edit and that didn't portray well at all on youtube. You just couldn't see what I was doing So I'm going back to Dragging everything. So this is the three screen layout With well, there's different layouts here. This is a three screen layout. This is how my layout actually looks when It's in process and in working. This is a preview window on one side But obviously this is really hard for you guys to see what's going on I realized that after I recorded me editing but the video is edited So I'm just going to cut out the end and redo that part I tried it like this and this is also hard to see what I'm doing So we're just going to bring everything to the middle screen and get rid of the webcam So you can see what I'm doing for the editing part because this this is the hard part to show Because there's a lot that goes into editing. So I showed some of how I copied files and things like that And that's I thought maybe it'd be interesting, but maybe not in post So I do is I'm done. I kind of proof most of my videos I try to proof them, but we'll just bring over here and show you what I do So here is the Editing part that I didn't like this is going to get deleted. Here's all the stuff that came off of all the cameras I use So I had my gopro. I had my Screen capture which I'm doing again right now, which was called finally. I just named it that You know my naming schema, that's whatever makes it work for you But what I will talk about is a couple little things So one of them is and I've talked about before I use sync thing and sync thing is backing up my video folder Continuously as I drop things in here. I did a whole video on that Um and whatever your workflow is making sure you have a solid backup I like automated backups specifically using the sync thing tool and it backs up to my free NAS continuously So it's on my hard drive. It's backing up over there. So that's getting copied over Then we just drag all these files, which I'm not gonna drag them again, but you just drag them all into kaden live And then we drag them all to the tracks And I'm holding the control key zooming in and out. I got a tutorial on how to use kaden live And you know putting all this together now. I started the intro of this video with a A little classic 8-bit song. Let me see if I can change the view here So there's my little preview that I dragged right there So you can see going through editing. Normally I edit on the other monitor But like I said, there's not an easy way to for me to present a dual monitor layout It just unless you have a 4k and I export this at 4k you wouldn't be able to read all this But this is me cutting between all of them. You line up the audio. You get it all Say, okay, here's the audio. This is the gopro video. This is the main camera video And that's how I cut between them for the overhead shots And then I'm using obs at the end Which I'll drag my obs screen over here, which it just goes to infinity because it's recording obs recording recording obs recording and Makes kind of a cool effect in the background And obs is how I do my voiceover. So I got my Setups here and this is what it looks like back on a three-screen layout. So let's do this view This is actually how it looks. I've shrunk the screens over here Just kind of give you guys an idea on a view and all the voiceovers are recorded on a Yeti microphone In my little office with soundproofing here and very important soundproofing on the other side because your voice goes this way It reflects back So the back is to get rid of sound reflection at the back and the front ends to get rid of the sound reflection in front To kind of keep a dead area for the voiceover work But you know these tools are all free and open source and wonderful Kaden live is great obs great obs is cross platform and someone will ask this Kaden live. I know they are working on a windows version. Sorry. I've tried it. That doesn't work very well It's once it's all done. We're going to render and process and then we jump over to gimp And I have a template saved here in gimp That's got the little black bar at the bottom and then I just go on the web and Literally like the canon 70d. I typed in canon 70d transparent There it is there I typed in kaden and these are just google image search. Well, actually this one didn't need to be I went to their website And it's part of that's their logo off their header. I just grab it and you can actually just go copy image Edit paste new layer And you can get things added on there just like that and gimp Gimp is not as easy to use as photoshop It's been a struggle because I'm a photoshop guy, so I struggled learning it But if you started out we get there's some great tutorials you can find on it I'm not good enough to make a tutorial on it, but I will tell you I've been doing my thumbnails and everything for a while And editing the basics like what you're seeing here in gimp, and it's worked out really well for me So it definitely definitely can be done And once it's all done because gimp saves in its own special format We file we export this and I called it how we make youtube videos the gear in the process and the open source software And like I said I'm not going in depth on the software. I have a tutorial on kaden live already Um, I don't really have one on obs, but it's maybe I'll do one at some point obs feels almost self-explanatory You just keep adding the different scenes like the webcam, and then that's what all these are some are just microphones Middle screen webcam just left screen Right screen all my screens with me at the bottom, and then you can just go here And if I want to put myself in the middle for this, but this is Well technically this is where I sit because this is the the layout you're seeing above is my three screen layout that's in here So hopefully this was helpful kind of give you an idea how we do this I will leave links below to the tutorials I have on how to use kaden live how to get started with kaden live and editing video This is probably the part right people find the most challenging Recording stuff with obs load it. It's pretty straightforward. Maybe I'll do a specific tutorial on here But obs is a great way to do screen capture I might do a specific review on the 70d, but there's a lot of them out there that cameras have been around since 2013 So that's it's a I'm still happy with it's a really great camera I don't really people like oh go mirrorless. Yeah, cool. Uh, maybe I have the 70d I don't plan to replace it until it breaks. So For now, it's a great camera and it's not about the camera It's about coming up with teaching someone something the story and the narrative Is much more important the tutorial the knowledge sharing is important 1080 seems good enough for knowledge sharing at least for me for now If I thought my knowledge would look better in 4k great I don't have a 4k monitor and statistically most people don't either I know it's supposed to be future thinking But especially tech stuff I you have to keep producing because all this is completely irrelevant five years from now. That's generally how it works Uh, hopefully you found some of this helpful give you an idea of uh behind the scenes how we produce youtube videos How this works, you know, if you like to count in here like and subscribe I will do my best to reply to little comments. I've complained before about youtube comments sucking I don't see all the messages. It's a youtube thing. I've talked to other youtubers with the same problem We also have the forums to help alleviate that over on facebook links are uh below Plus all the gear links and some of the details of all the stuff we use will be in here So hopefully this was uh helpful Have a great day and enjoy get started on this open source editing if you're interested in this I mean go get these programs are free start dabbling and playing and uh, watch my other kaden live tutorial So get you started on this part of it because the video edit the press record is easy the editing I won't lie. This is some there's a little effort that goes into this. There's a learning curve But I think it's worth it. Thanks


Dots. Yo, Peters. Yeah, filthy funk. Copyright.


Get excited about being able to come through Bama Bound. It's going to be a really fun experience. It's definitely an opportunity to meet a lot of friends and a lot of different people. So Avanti actually means moving forward in Latin, so we're helping students move forward into this new part of their lives. It's just been really informative and it kind of gets the parents and the kids more comfortable with campus. RECSPO happens at night on the first day. You get to go to the REC Center, you get to work out, you get to play games, play sports, do whatever you want. It's also where you get your t-shirt. Best part for sure. For those people that aren't registered Bama Bound yet, you should definitely register as soon as possible because it's a great experience and you don't want to miss it, especially because it is required. When you're here at the University of Alabama, you want to be that person that goes above and beyond and that is a legend because we are known for where legends are made.


So today we had side-by-side come for a celebration of learning for our second grade. Side-by-side works with every single grade level here, K through 5, so we have six units here at our school. And today's second grade got to celebrate with Dr. Sneedalbaum, who came from Papua, New Guinea, to work with our kids to create landforms so that they could study how landforms are impacted by global warming and climate change. Side-by-side works with schools to bring art into just the classroom. It's not separate in the art classroom, it's right in with the teaching artists that are working with the elementary teachers in their classrooms, so they're part of it too. The project is called Landforms, Earth Changes. So we had to find a project where the children felt that they were collaborating with us as artists. We were coming in and telling to the project, but we're together, we are creating. We have a common mission, because I believe when you share a common mission with children, when they take something seriously, they'll really go beyond. So we had to combine math with the data for measuring our landforms. We had to, I do movement, so we learned body dance and theater, and I'm a sculptor, so they worked with me to sculpt the landforms, and they worked with my friend Jamie to draw the landforms. So it's all-encompassing, and throughout the, and through the letter exchanges, we talk about geography and the world, and about science. So the letters and a lot of the interaction makes, we really could build in a lot of the other topics we need to touch. The first thing we saw happen was a slideshow, and the slideshow took us through the journey of getting our letters from Professor Sneedalbaum, who was studying in Papua New Guinea, and then was doing some field research in Turkey, and he had like a seven-week correspondence with our students. So we got these letters, and he kept asking questions about landforms, and so that drove the students to do some research on their landforms that they were assigned. And then so that was the first part of the slideshow. And then we got to see the landforms come to life, first through drawing, and then through making them with paper mache. I thought that the presentation today was absolutely magnificent in many ways. I thought the use of art in any form of scientific study is a sensory, and what we've seen today, the approach of dancing, the approach of music, the intercommunication, and linked to a scientific study of landform, which is directly linked also to mathematics. They use mathematics in everything that they've done, the scale, the 3D modeling, and you've seen at the end how they've used also fiber optics and respecting and understanding the relationship between the nature and what they were doing as a very experiential, hands-on project is very essential in the process of learning in itself. Then each student came up, and as a group, they're a little group that worked on the sculptures together. They came up and performed a little physical movement piece that they had worked on with Pamela. They presented their work to Professor Sneedalbaum, going up on the stage, and he would take measurements, he would comment on the work, on how the hoodoos look like hoodoos, and the different formations like the canyon's arches. Here at Ocean Avenue School, we have a lot of arts that come into the school, and we go out to explore. Side by side, Ocean Avenue becoming a side-by-side school a couple years back has been phenomenal that we have had visiting artists into our school every year for every grade level, so every child gets to work with a visiting artist every year, and going deeper into their learning, so it could be about learning about immigration, it could be a social studies or a science project, it could be a language arts project, creating books, that kids get to explore that, they get to think about it, and they get to think about it through art, so that they understand it at a deeper level. They get to translate it out for others so others can understand what they learned. The University of Papua New Guinea has always extended because of its geographical location, partnerships throughout the world, and we came to talk with the side-by-side on this landform project, because I'm going to a geopolitical geo-conference in Toronto next week, and as I needed some data to collect. We had the idea of having some of the kids collect the data and work on it, so I could illustrate my work with the work of students. It's like having a spoonful of sugar, a little art makes every subject fun, and you really can art, can totally be incorporated into every subject, it just enhances it, it builds around it, it's creating a sculpture around the subject.