I'm your host Kevin Murray and on this show we're going to look at steps you can use to reduce flood damage to an existing home. That's the topic today on this edition of Best Build. Flooding causes more property damage in the United States than any other type of natural disaster. Over the last decade flood related damage averaged well over three billion dollars annually. After a flood many homeowners will rebuild their house just as it was. Only to have the next flood do its damage all over again. There is an alternative to this cycle of flood rebuild flood again. If the house is damaged more than 50% the community will probably require that the house be elevated above flood levels. But even if it's not steps can be followed where the homeowner can repair their house in a way that can reduce or even eliminate the risk of future flood damage. We'll be taking a closer look at these retrofitting techniques but first we need to look at what possible flood site and building characteristics may exist. This is the first thing that any homeowner who is considering protecting their home should do. The reason is simple. A thorough understanding of the flood site and building characteristics is critical when selecting the right technique for retrofitting your home. And believe me selecting the right method upfront will save you time and money in the long run. In fact it's a good idea to consult with a design professional to help you make this decision. The important thing to remember is to consider how each characteristic affects your home and then use this information to put together a realistic plan for permanently protecting your home against future flood damage. To review consider the flood characteristics. The depth, the base flood elevation, the velocity, the debris potential, the flood duration and the warning time. Next review the site characteristics, its location within the flood plain including the firm zone and the floodway, the general soil conditions and the potential for erosion. And finally know about the type and the condition of the house you're dealing with, the type of foundation it's sitting on, how it's constructed with what materials and its overall condition. Well I think that's enough in the way of a refresher course. Why don't we take a look at some houses that have been successfully retrofitted, case studies if you will. Our tour will take us all across the country and I've asked some local experts to help us out where available and hopefully the weather will hold out. The first technique we're going to examine is relocation. Simply put this is where a flood prone house is actually picked up and moved to a new location out of the flood plain. Relocation is probably the most effective way to avoid flood damage. After all the final result is a house out of harm's way. But this method is also one of the most expensive and will require considerable planning. In Middletown, Pennsylvania I had a chance to talk to Lou Otardo, a former project manager in Dauphin County about their few Avenue relocation project. So Lou which flood then finally prompted the relocation? Well the decision was actually made as a result of Hurricane Agnes in 1972 and then Hurricane Eloise hitting again in 1975. The river backed up and it caused the Swadera Creek to overflow its banks and it was causing the damage along with few Avenue area. The decision was made something how to be done about the properties in that area. A few avenues right up the road here isn't it? Right over here. How many homes were originally on these lots? Well actually four of the houses were in this location and there was another one up on the corner. Creek is back the side of the trees there and as a result of the flooding in 72 and 75 they had anywhere from six to eight feet of water in this location. Well give me a description of the move itself. The first thing that had to be done was the foundations were knocked out underneath the houses. The house mover then moved in a series of dollies, jacked the houses up and set them on the dollies in order to prepare them to pull off the old foundations. House mover had walked this site the location a couple of times before the move so we knew which wires had to be moved out of the way, which trees had to be trimmed back and it was a real logistical problem in some locations which he handled very well. Once the houses reached the site up on North Union Street they were put in place the foundations were built up from underneath them and as you can see here this is the final result of the four homes on North Union Street. Lou how economically feasible was it to relocate a house as opposed to say buying or building a new one? Well it was certainly a lot cheaper than building a new house and as you can see the houses aren't all that old the damage wasn't that extensive so the decision was if the homeowners wanted to go along with it we just move the houses out. Hi Irene. Hello, how are you? Good, this is Kevin. Hi, good to meet you. Hi Glenn, good to see you. Hi Kevin Murray. Kevin, how are you? It's fine, thanks. Kevin was just asking about the project and the background on it and why we moved the houses up here from Few Avenue and I thought maybe you could give them a little bit of information about the flooding and the damage and the reason why. Okay in 72 and 75 the home was in a flood. In 72 the water literally came up over the kitchen cabinets everything was lost the furniture the keepsakes the valuables. In 75 there was about four feet of water in the basement. That's bad enough though I guess you're happy with the relocation though. Yeah it's worked out you know pretty well we have a nice piece of property with woods and you know being outside of town and also the peace of mind of being away from a body of water you know it's enough to worry about it overflowing again. I've noticed you've done a lot of improvements to the property since the last time I was up here. Yeah because of this the size of the property we now have we're able to bring my mother from town and you know build an addition on our house and now she's living out with us and it's worked out equally well. That's great can we take a look at some of the addition work. The Few Avenue project was unique in that four homes were moved at once but whether it's four or one the key to success is the house mover and having always wanted to meet one I finally had that opportunity and the person of Dick Knapp down in Tampa Florida. I'm just amazed that you can cut a house like this in half and move it and put it back together again. What's the hardest part of that process? Probably the hardest part is on a job like this is tunneling under it because of the close clearance of the ground it takes a little more time. I see. That's the hardest part. Cutting? That's easy. I see.  Sure anytime I'm ready. Give me a few more minutes I'm ready. You got it. Thanks a lot. Thank you. This channel feeds right into Tampa Bay. Right straight west of us is the bay. How badly can this area flood? We can get high tide here as much as four or five feet over a high sea level here. Is this Doug's house? Here we are right there. This is Mason reconstruction. Any special challenges in moving this house? A couple three you got cutting the building in two is one and of course moving it down moving a two story down the road is another challenge we always have all the cables and power lines to get under and over and then of course the one of the challenges always an all-building moving is getting it lined up on the property and then building from the ground up to the building putting a new foundation under it after the building's in place. This is a good-sized house that you've moved here. Yeah we moved this one in a two-piece a two-story section and a single story. Now this new deck work here this is at the same height as the new floor level. Yeah this is the height we had to maintain we had to raise the building four feet here to meet the flood zone in this area. Now where was the cut made? Right up there at the gutter you can still see where the gutter is still cutting to there where it was sawed in half right there and it went down right alongside the window there's nothing showing there it's all been repaired. Yeah if you hadn't told me this house had been cut in half I don't think there's any way I could have guessed. It's pretty hard. How do you generally estimate the cost? We work on a square footage figure and masonry homes cost $12 a square foot plus or minus. What's this going to run Doug when all said and done? Well he's got 20,000 in the moving and he'll have additional 2,000 in the elevated foundation. From this angle you can really see the elevation compared to the neighbor's house looks like Doug's going to be in better shape next time it floods. Oh definitely they'll have a problem when the water comes up one of these days. Listen you've done a great job on this house it really make it look easy. Relocating out of the floodplain is the surest way of eliminating damage from flood waters but sometimes this option isn't possible or necessary. If you can't get out of the floodplain the next best alternative is to raise your house above flood levels. Elevation is probably the most common and feasible method of protecting a home in the floodplain. Like relocation elevation requires considerable time and planning. The house must be prepared for elevating and an appropriate foundation must be chosen. To make the right decisions all of the flood site and building characteristics we talked about earlier need to be closely examined. For instance take where I'm standing right now. It looks tranquil but this entire Peach Tree Creek area is in the floodplain and as residents found out on St. Patrick's Day 1990 heavy rains can quickly raise waters to record flood levels. It rained all day and by evening I knew we were in trouble because the mailbox was under water. The water had risen halfway up the house and at four o'clock in the morning it got past the fifth step and I gave up and went to bed. Well how long did the water stick around before it started to recede? To seven o'clock the next evening it took that long and at that point people could get out move about some. I guess you were counting your blessings that you'd elevated back in 76. Indeed I was. Listen it was nice talking with you. Thank you. The Rutgers house was elevated one full story on solid concrete block foundation walls. A number of other homes on the street were also lucky enough to escape serious damage because they had been elevated. One of those houses is just down the street. After being flooded several times in the 1970s the owners there finally decided to elevate. Lifting beams were used to raise the house one full story above its original foundation. Utilities were elevated. A new foundation and stairway were built and the house was lowered onto its new foundation. Probably one of the most distinctive aspects of the house are the stairs. As you can see they're split come down on both sides and this is a simple way of breaking up the look of the house once it's been elevated. The Curtis house has been built up on concrete columns. All of the columns like this one have been covered with stucco which looks a lot nicer than the bare concrete. In addition the area between the columns has been filled in with a wood lattice work and this allows water to flow in and out without causing any additional damage. Why don't we take a look around the corner of the house and get a slightly different angle on things. Ernie thanks for letting us wander around. Kevin good to see you. Good to see you too. I was talking to your neighbor Mrs. Rucker about the March flood. I was curious as to how well your house held up. No problems. The water was deeper than it's ever been about five feet where we are but the house was dry and no problems at all. That's great Mrs. Rucker said pretty much the same thing. Yeah I was curious the last time I was here. What exactly is this? This is the central heating and air conditioning. It was raised about six feet above ground level at the time the rest of the house was raised. So elevated and enclosed all at the same time. I imagine during the recent flooding you had no problems with your utilities none at all. They continued as usual. That's great.  The Ruckers elevated their house that same year. Your neighbors have obviously elevated. I'm told there's an elevation project actually in progress right around the corner here. Is that right? Yes Michael White bought a house recently. Decided to have his raised before he moved in. But that's going on now. That's a smart move. Listen I'll let you get back to your gardening. Thanks so much for your time. Now Paul Gertler a contractor who's worked on most of the homes on this street is probably working on Michael White's house right now. Well you know I haven't had a chance yet to examine a house at this stage. Do you mind showing me around? No come on appreciate that. I see you've gotten a lot of work done over here already. So what was the first step? The installation of the beams I imagine? That's right we had to put the beams out of the house. Which ones went in first? The main beams are running beams which are these long beams here. And then the cross beams were added? They go on top of those beams. I see. Now what happened here with the old foundation? Why is that broken away? Well we have to destroy part of the foundation wall to get the beams out of the house. Oh I see. And then the lifting took place. That's right. And how is that done? If you notice we have cribbing here and that supports the house and the steel and this is where we raise the house. Okay use any kind of hydraulic jack system? We put hydraulic jacks in the cribbing and raise the house up. Now the lift itself is that done all at one time? Is it done in smaller increments? Well it's done in 12 inch lifts. Oh I see. And how long does that take? Well this particular house took a day to lift. Now Paul from start to finish how long does this process take? It worked in two to three months. Well what about cost? Is there an average? Well there's an average house, there's an average cost. Okay well what about this house specifically then? 10,000 to raise this house. Does that include the cost of the new foundation? No foundation costs in addition to that. Another how much? 10,000. So in other words homeowners need to realize there are a lot of variables involved in estimating the cost of elevating. There's a lot of variables. Listen thanks for your time. Okay we'll see. Cost is clearly a factor when elevating your home. Now before we take a look at some other ways of protecting your home from flood damage let's take a quick trip to Libertyville, Illinois where last week I had a chance to speak to the stock family about their recently elevated home. The house was built in about 1955. And when did you and your husband move in? We moved in in 84. You elevated not long after that didn't you? A couple months after we moved in we called the contractor and he came in and raised the house and he put three rows of concrete block along the edge of the foundation. And your husband mentioned that you did some of the work yourself? We did. We wanted to save money so we did the plumbing work ourselves.  It did. When you elevated did you elevate to the same height as the next door neighbor? We used this home as an example as a matter of fact. We raised at three levels of block just as you see there. In 86 this whole area flooded. How badly did that affect your house? Well the water came up about three feet about to here which is just above the concrete block. So did any water get inside at all? No not at all. It missed the floor by about eight or nine inches. So you were very lucky. We saved a lot of money. If you don't mind my asking this question what was the final cost of the entire elevation project? Final cost was about five thousand dollars. That's not bad. No it isn't really. You got a little bit more renovation work to do I see. We're looking on some siding and we're also doing some windows. This is the little Calumet River just outside of Chicago. Only last month heavy rains brought water levels here to just below the top of this old bridge abutment. Now when it does flood in this area floodwaters tend to be shallow and slow moving. But don't forget even a foot of water can cause extensive damage to an unprotected home. In these areas where flood conditions are not as severe an alternative to relocation or elevation may be to protect the building by using berms and flood walls. With these techniques the house remains structurally unchanged. What changes is the surrounding topography. A structure of some kind. A wall or an embankment now protects the home from floodwaters. To help us understand more about these techniques and when it's best to use them I've asked Molly O'Toole an engineer with the Illinois Division of Water Resources to lend us a hand. I presume this is a berm we're walking on right now. Yeah this is a typical berm that was built by the local community to protect the homes that are located over here from the low level flooding that they receive from the Calumet River which is located over on this side. Molly when does it make the most sense to use this kind of flood protection? Probably the most important thing is that you're only expecting to receive that low level, low velocity flooding that will only last for about two to three days. If that's the case then berms prove to be relatively inexpensive yet very effective ways of protecting properties from flooding. And do the soil conditions have that much to do with a berm's feasibility? Definitely. Most all berms are constructed of a compacted clay soil and clay is a very impervious soil and it prevents seepage that comes through the berm. What if a community has the wrong kind of soil? Well then it can be very expensive to truck in or haul in the right kind of soil. And Molly from up here it's a little difficult to tell exactly what a berm is made of. Can you walk us through the steps of creating a berm? Sure. The first step in constructing a berm is clearing away the area of any topsoil or vegetation. Then the berm itself is constructed by building up individually compacted layers of soil and these are called lifts. And a core of impervious soil can help prevent seepage. Then properly sloping the berm will help reduce the potential for erosion. And typical side slopes are one to three. And that's part of why berms tend to take up so much space. Again if the proposed construction is located within a floodway, a permit won't be issued. That's because activities within floodways will increase flood heights. Another thing to remember that maintenance of a berm like this is a year-round activity and it's very important to schedule regular inspections for both seepage and erosion. And you want to be sure that you don't have any unwanted trees or other vegetation growing on the berm. Now we wanted to take a look at some examples of flood walls. Are there any in this area? I know some good examples up in Lincoln Shire if you're interested in the drive up there. Lead the way. Okay. How far a trip is it to Lincoln Shire? They've landscaped nicely right up to the wall. It really disguises how high the wall really is. This is an attractive example of one. I thought you'd like it. They did a good job. It's about three feet high and they built it of reinforced concrete but then they covered it with this decorative stone. And then they surrounded the entire house, the front, the back, the sides with the flood wall. And that protects them against the low level flooding that they received from the Dest Plains River. Is reinforced concrete the recommended construction material? Or you could use reinforced masonry block as long as material has a lot of strength and impermeability or resistance to leakage. They have built themselves a strong wall. I don't think the owner will mind if we look at the wall out back, do you? I was just showing Kevin your flood wall on the back here. We noticed that it's just the reinforced concrete without the decorative stone that you have in front.  I used everybody's as opposed to the stone in the front. I'll compliment you on your work. Thank you. During last month's flooding, did that adversely affect your property at all? Not really, Kevin. It came up to the horseshoe court and we didn't have the amount of water as we did in 86. And how far back into the woods is the river? About 150 yards. Come on back and I'll show you. Okay. After you, Molly. Flood walls are versatile enough to be used in many different ways and as I learned recently in Minnesota, they can be tailored to the needs of just about any kind of home. This is Bassett Creek outside of St. Paul, Minnesota and behind me is an example of a flood wall that was completed in 1982. Now flood walls do require skilled labor and are often more expensive than berms, but the basic approach to building them remains the same. First, the soil is excavated and a footing put in place. Then a foundation is laid along with proper reinforcement to tie into the wall. Then the wall itself is properly reinforced to withstand flood forces. All of this requires the assistance of a professional engineer. Dean Scalman was in on the original design of this flood wall. Dean, thanks for joining us. Hello, Kevin. What's distinctive about this flood wall? We tied this flood wall into the corners of the house around the existing patio to prevent the waters from entering the walkout basement. When the Bassett Creek overflows its banks, those waters tend to be somewhat shallow and slow moving, don't they? That's correct. Dean, what prompted this particular height for the flood wall? The 100-year flood elevation that we use for the design is that approximately this elevation as an additional factor of safety we added a foot to the wall. I noticed a drain system of some kind down on the patio. Why don't we go down the steps over there and see. So the sump pump is here for the interior drainage. Well, the sump serves two purposes. The rain that falls directly on the patio is collected and drains, it drains to the sump and is pumped out. We've also got drain tile lines that run around the corners of the house. This lowers the groundwater table and relieves the pressure on the foundation walls. That should keep the patio dry during storm conditions. At the top of this slab here is the same level as the house floor inside, which means we're dealing with a sunken patio. What's the advantage to that? Well, typically during a severe rainfall event you have power outages. We've lowered the patio so that we can store the 10-year rainfall event with no water entering the basement. Now how about explaining for us how the concrete block is tied into the footing? We've got reinforcing bars that run down through the voids in the concrete block. It's tied to a reinforced concrete footing and all the voids are filled with drought. Well, they've got a nice usable patio area here. They've enhanced it with landscaping. They've added this flower box here. This looks like a flood protection plan that's probably increased the value of the house. We're now going to take a look at a number of diverse techniques that we've grouped under the heading other measures. These techniques will rarely offer the same level of protection you'll find with relocation, elevation, berms and flood walls. And they're only appropriate for homes that are subject to low flood levels or storm water damage. And of course they must adhere to your community's flood plain regulations. But overall these are low-cost simple measures that can be easily added to an existing home. Most of these techniques still require a professional contractor, but some of them, as you'll see, can be done by the homeowner. Sealing a house is where the exterior walls are improved to keep out the flood waters. And this is the home of Mr. Darrow, who's going to show us that ceiling techniques need not be an expensive or elaborate process. A slab foundation house is often subject to seepage during flooding. And you've added some sealant down here. How about taking us through the steps of what you did? Yeah, I sealed it 14 inches above ground and 12 inches below ground. And then I first stepped was I cemented it all the way. And then I tarred it. Then I put a plastic paper over that. Then I tarred it again. Now back in 86, you had flood levels coming up about 12 inches or so. Did it hold? Sure it did. And what about the cost of this job? Well roughly speaking about $40 and then of course the labor is free. On Ann-Marie Lane, homeowners have used several ceiling techniques due to heavy stormwater runoff. For instance here they've used a combination of driveway elevation and a mini flood wall to protect their lower level garage space. Here's another example of lower level garage protection. When flooding threatens, you simply step outside, remove this plank from its hooks. And where do you place this Tom? You put it in the two slots here, making sure it's sealed on both ends and on the bottom. How often does it flood in this area? Approximately three to four times a year. And now that it's in place, how well does it work? It works like a charm. If there's one kind of flooding that many of us have experienced firsthand, it's basement flooding. Basements are particularly vulnerable to seepage and sewer backup. The secret to protecting basements is simply knowing whether or not your home is in the flood plain. If it's not, you can probably go ahead and use some of the techniques we're about to show you. However, if your home is in the flood plain where it can be surrounded by water, water pressure stands a good chance of collapsing your basement walls. In these cases, when flooding threatens, your best protection is to turn off your utilities, block off your floor drain, and either allow floodwaters in through a window or fill your basement with cold tap water. Doing this will counteract the outside pressure and hopefully keep your walls intact. Our first example of protecting basements from storm water and sewer backup is this raised ranch in Cook County, Illinois. What steps have you taken to protect your basement entryway? I'll show you down here. This brick wall area originally was an open area. By bricking it in, eliminate sandbagging at this point, likewise with this brick wall, eliminate sandbagging. This wooden enclosure is removable. It has six bolts and a rubber gasket on the inside. I see. Now with houses such as your sewer backup is often a problem. Can you show us how you solved that? Sure, follow me downstairs. Okay. Well, Mr. Rosetto, what exactly are we looking at here? Well, we're looking at over head sewer system. And what's the advantage to this? Eliminate the water from the outside, entering the inside structure. Is that because this pipe is above ground level? That's true. Now, how about explaining exactly how this thing works? Okay. The water is collected in the sump pump well below us. A certain height will activate the sump pump. The water rises through these pipes, is eliminated and meets a sewage pipe on the outside. I see. While Mr. Rosetto used an overhead sewer system, another form of protection is the use of a backflow valve. As I learned when I talked to Pat Regan. You mind giving us a brief description of how this system works? Oh, sure. This system is installed in the sewer line so that when heavy pressure from the city sewer comes back towards a home, it will close the flood control valve and stop the pressure from coming to the home. Then any water coming from the house will come out the overflow opening, down to the pump and the pump will turn on and force the water back out to the city sewer system in front of the closed valve. I got a few more questions for you. Do you mind coming out of the home? Oh, sure. You need a hand? No. What are some of the advantages to using this kind of system? Well, one of the major advantages in this type of system is that it stops the pressure and keeps the pressure away from the house during the heavy rainstorm. Now what about cost? What's the estimated cost for installing one of these in a residential home? Average Chicago residential home is approximately four thousand dollars, but this will vary depending on the depth of your sewer line, the amount of electrical work needed on the inside of the home to make the proper connections and your own local building codes. The final grouping of other measures we'll take a quick look at is what we call partial protection measures, also known as wet flood proofing. This is where water is allowed to enter the house, often because it simply cannot be prevented, and steps are taken to reduce the damage. And here the homeowner has used a tile floor instead of carpeting to make clean up easier. They've also used a waterproof paint on their concrete walls instead of wall board. And one final thing they've done is to elevate their electrical outlets above flood level. We've seen the cost of protecting your house can range anywhere from 40 dollars to thousands of dollars depending on the chosen technique. What then is the best way of choosing that right method for protecting your house? Well a good place to start is with a basic spreadsheet tool that has listed on the one side the flood site and building characteristics and on the other the different flood protection techniques. Obviously you have to know some basics such as the flood depth, velocity, whether your site is in the floodway, and the overall condition of your building. Once you have this information walk through your available options by comparing these characteristics with the feasibility of each technique. For a more detailed example of this as well as additional information on all the techniques we've talked about today you can refer to the Federal Emergency Management Agency's retrofitting manual. And finally if you're considering hiring a contractor make sure you review credentials. Find out if the individual or firm has done similar flood protection work. And ask for a recent listing of projects similar to the one you're contemplating. We've covered a lot of material as well as a lot of ground on this program. From all over the country we've seen flood protection techniques ranging from moving an entire house to simply preventing water from collecting at the bottom of a driveway. While a world of cost and planning separates the simplest from the most sophisticated technique there is one common denominator that follows through all of these examples that we've seen today. And that's the knowledge that homeowners can apply these techniques successfully to protect their homes from flood damage. You can break the cycle of flood rebuild flood again. As long as you know your flood site and building characteristics do the proper planning.  I'm Kevin Murray and I'll see you next time on another edition of Best Build.


Hey there friends, how's it going? My name is Kevin and today we're playing an extremely manly game called Ublitz. This video is sponsored by Epic Games. I've partnered with them to do a few videos on this game and I'm pretty damn excited about it. As I said, it is extremely manly so it's right up my alley. The game is available now on the Epic Games Store. It's in early access and you can use the link in the description if you want to get it for yourself. You can also use my code, call me Kevin, if you'd like to support me further, but I understand if you only want to support me so much. You know, you gotta draw your own line here at some point. What's your name buddy? Spell it out. Um, big man. Yeah, that's me. Wait, no, hold on. Yeah, that's a manly haircut right there. Now it looks like the game is flirting with me. Hey there, big man. How do you want to look? Oh my god, is this there like, old? Hey fellow kids, why do I always play as an old man? Oh my god. I like that. It looks like he's been ostracized and just sent out to sea. Are you from the Ooblet High Council? Yes, sure, why not? I'm the new village elder.  I, uh, know I'm big man from a raw island. I'm pulling up to the island like, well, I have no money or skills or personal possessions. I'm just here to be a drain on the taxpayers of the island. But they're giving me an old abandoned farmhouse. What is this person doing? They're being a bit nosy. They keep staring at me for some reason. First off, wait, where are your Ooblets? Police! I think my person's asking for their mama. Big man. Oh god, I gotta do the hardest task of all. Talk to people. Digging your whole dealie you got going on. Very confused cheek. That's one way of putting it. Big man looks like an alien who just went into a charity shop and bought the first things they put their tentacles on. Even the way they run. They are not human. You're standing awfully close to me. You've got a good point. Social distancing is totally in vogue right now. Did I use that right? What does in vogue actually mean? If something is in vogue, it's very popular and fashionable. Ah, okay. For once I'm right. New Ooblets spotted. Lump stump. Get me one of them lump stumps. Oh my god. Maybe not actually. It looks freaking terrifying. Okay. Continue talking to the village people. They are my favorite band after all. Oh, no, no, no, don't take it. You know what? Sure. All right. Now, now I'm just in my underwear. Oh, this guy gave me a bungly bun. All I had to do was take off my clothes. I got to talk to one more person. Where are you? Come here. I'll find you one way or another. Just running around my underwear chasing after them. Come here. Let me talk to you. I can join a club. Do I want to join the front buns? The peak snubs? Who are apparently the club of born leaders. Strong competitors and just generally successful people. I like the sound of that. Mimpins, the club for clever people who aren't very good at social interactions. It's going to relate to the last bit. Join me up to the peak snubs. They look really into fashion. And if there's one thing big man knows, it's fashion. This is my first ooblet. I love them. All right. Now you got a dance challenge from one of these lump stumps. I think I can out dance this thing. Like, I can tell there's nothing going on between the ears here. The lights are on, but no one is home. Oh, this is fantastic. Like, I was just staring at his underwear on an acid trip. So basically, this is kind of like a battle system. And like you can capture other ooblets and whatnot. But instead of like battling them to make them faint, you do little dance ops. And yes, this game is still very manly. Quick Kevin, do something manly to prove how manly you are. Phew. Okay. That'll show. I didn't want to bring it up. It's just you kept bringing it up. So I just said I'd address it, but I didn't want to. Okay. What move will we do? I'm feeling like a pilfer poker right now. Let's do a pilfer poker. All right. Well, we did it. I'm not sure if it accomplished anything. This thing is not even dancing back. This thing is stealing my dance moves. The gentle kind of move to side to side. Oh, wait, hold on. They're out dancing me. They're out dancing me. I like how on the top right you can flee. This game speaks to me too much. I just imagine me in a club like this and then I just flee. Oh my God. I'm actually losing. The crowd is going to his side. I need to rile them up. Dump the stump, everyone. Oh, wait, we got a flip floss.  Oh, I like that. And that has tied the score. The luck of the Irish pulls it back in my favor. Oh, wait, hold on. I think I can win with these two moves. Yes. Come on. Dance your way to victory. I think we've won. Ha, ha, ha. You just got served your little weedling. Get seed. Yes. Take a seed. Okay. I think I changed my mind. I don't think I want that seed. Meet Tinstil at the farmhouse. I'm coming Tinstil. I don't know the way to the farmhouse, but I'm coming. This is the farmhouse. You must have misspoken. This is an outhouse. They do have a point. What do you expect for a freehouse? I, I, I, alright. You have a point. Okay. I'll take it. Just don't dig any deeper than six feet around here. I think she's buried a body in my garden. I'm going to make farmland that resembles graves.  I can't do enough. Big men says that's enough. He's, he's tired. All right. The second grave can be a child's grave. God, I'm ruining this game for everyone. Now you just need to water it. Here's a dribbly can you can use. My house is a feckin dribbly can. Look at that. It's one moist house. Fill that watering can fill her up. Oh, they're running away. I've watered my plants. Maybe they finally realized I'm a naked old man and the situation is very uncomfortable. Oh my God. Is this my house? This is sad. At least big man's happy. All right. Here we go. It's a new dawn. It's a new day. It's a new life. And I'm feeling cold. Doot-oom. I need some pants. I think I've got island madness. My neighbors just watching me watering the plants singing this song. I like the quest. It's like go explore around a bit or something. It's very vague. It's just not pressuring me and I appreciate that. All right. Big man's going to start wandering into some people's houses. Hmm. This looks comfy. This is going to sleep. All right. I robbed them.  Oh, and I found some token on the ground. Okay, run before I get caught. And next door. Heavenly home. More like Kevin Lee home. Let's make it ours. How long do you think it takes for squatter's rights to kick in in this world? Five minutes maybe. I'm stealing everything. The dance baron is locked. I need to know what's going on in there. Oh my God. He's chopping that log with his hand. Now all of a sudden that video of me chopping the firewood is a lot less manly. This run is fantastic. Oh my God. That officer is huge. Absolute unit. I'm big man. I just moved to town. No, that is big man. Thank God that officer does not care about indecent exposure because there's no way I could take him. What is this guy doing? Illegal dumping. Okay. That officer doesn't care about anything by the looks of it. My hobby is going on news shows and pretending to be an expert or whatever they're talking about. That is a cool hobby. That sounds like fun. I don't know if this is your trash or what, but I'm just trying to tidy it up. I need to do my part in this town before they ostracize me just like the last people did. He's probably collected these to cash in on the recycling payment and I'm just picking them all up. Help Tinsel with this task. Reopen town hall. Let's do it. Okay, there's something in there that keeps biting her ankles. I really hope it's one of these ooblets and not just a weird mare. Maybe if you make a big show of beating him in a dance battle it'll be enough to get him to leave so I can start using my office. I'm on it. Tinsel, is that your name? I'm going in. I'm not prepared for this at all. I've danced once in my life. Where is it? Ah, here we go. Look at him. A little moody fecker. Come on, level one. Let's do this. Sorry, I haven't named you yet. Oh, this move is strong. The flip floss. This gave me eight points last time. There is no beating the flip floss. Okay, I'm getting extremely lucky cards here because I am destroying this click, click claw. What are the name again? Clicky claws, yes. Oh my God, another flip floss. Okay, the battle is over. I have won. I have retaken town hall. Give me her seed, clicky claws.  You did great. Turn that frown upside down. Come on. Want me to grow a new friend? That's kind of sad that I even need to grow friends. But I'll try. I'll bring it back to the farm. Okay, we got some tasks here. Tinsel is their name, actually. I forgot what their name was. Fix the friendship sticker. Printy press. Repair the old farmhouse. I like the sound of repairing the old farmhouse. Get settled into town by fixing up your musty decrepit shack into a less terrible shack. Setting the barrel low as well. That's what I like. Clear out all the mystery cans. Okay, I can do that too. I already started it. Okay, run home. Run home, big man. God, that running posture is insane. Okay, what do I need to fix up the house? I need a planklet. I guess just a small plank. A clottlet and a nerney. Ah yes, I have some nerneys already and I already have some planklets. All right, we're on a good start here. Did I get the planklets from karate chopping that thing earlier? Big man smash rock. Big man manly. I'm looking for goodies to repair my farmhouse. And it's actually working somehow. Weed. No, thank you. He's high enough. Are you seeing what he's seeing?  He's just going, no, it's just smashing all these rocks with his bare hands. I told you this game was manly. All right, I already got all the nerneys and the planklets. I'm just looking for a clottlet. And maybe the weeds have this. I haven't tried smashing it yet. No, they have nothing. All they have is back pain. Wait, oh wait, we got some clot plant seeds. Huh. Oh my God, he's so tired, but I just keep forcing him. Let's do this manual labor. Okay, that running posture is suddenly not so great anymore.  Oh my God, I wanted it. It has a little crown. I would have too tired to even acknowledge it. Oh, this is the mayor's ooblet. God, you're very fully yourself. Giving it a crown and everything. All right, I'm going to go to bed. When your posture is that bad, you know, it's time for sleep.  Oh, my posture's got to heck again. I've only been up for like five minutes. Come on, at least water these plants. Come on, you hardly need any more energy. He only has four energy total. There you go. Oh my God, he's asleep on his legs. Damn it, I woke up in the middle of my sleeping patterns. Fact now, just go to sleep. Yeah, sleep until morning. It's been a long day of sleep after all. You must be tired after all that sleeping. Best get some sleep. Also different ooblets are spotted in the town every day. Unfortunately, this one is still here. I've watered my plants, but I just want them to grow. Can I just sleep it off until they grow? You're not even sleepy.  How can I wear out some energy? I got an idea. Just smashing things again. I just sound like Garedon's smashing logs and rocks like, Come on, buddy, get tired. I found toilet paper. Great. I can become one of those hoarders. On the bright side, I am getting my Garedon like super clean. So it's kind of like breaking two rocks with one stone. That's the saying, right? Sorry, I'm kind of obsessed with breaking rocks now. There goes the posture. You know what that means? Time to go to bed in the outhouse. Good thing I have a load of toilet paper now. I can really make it feel like an out home. This poor ooblet must be like, Really? Out of all the trainers I could have gotten, I got this guy. He's out in the rain just smashing rocks with his bare hands in his underwear. Speaking of which, Wearing white undies probably isn't the best choice to do gardening. It must be destroyed. Please don't summarize my day. I've just been smacking rocks. Another half day and these will be ready. And these are ready to be harvested. Great. My first crops. Alright, someone give me a gift of this thing. It turns crops into their powdered forms. God knows what he's going to be making with it. Let's add my crops. And that will make fruit toast. Okay, fantastic. Okay, so your ooblet does a little bit of work free on the farm as well as being a great dancer. What a jack of all trades. Look at him go. I've cleaned my whole f- Oh wait. Not on my watch, little weedling. And now I got plenty of room to do laps. Fantastic. This is the life. I forgot to plant my new friend from earlier as well. Alright, well, they're planted now. I can't wait to grow a friend. I never knew it was an option. I just realized you can get XP and you get wishes that I could have cashed in for the clotlet things that I need. You know what? I want organic clotlet, so I will wait. Alright, while my ooblet does all the work, I am going to go to sleep. And then my plan should be done. Oh, they're done. Fantastic. Oh wait, I needed five. Okay, about that thing earlier about the organic. I'm over that now. I don't mind getting some from wishes. Yeah, there we go. Yeah, just give me the easy way out. Thank you. And I'm ready. Yes, show me what this outhouse can become. Well, basically it just patched up the roof. But you know what? That's good enough for me. Again, the thing was free. Yes! I appreciate the little dance, but you got nothing on my ooblet. They dance circles around you. Alright, I think I'm pretty happy with how this went. Look how clean my farm is.  Get out of here. You know, it's as much time I spent cleaning this place up. You think you can just spring up and ruin it? There you go. Look how clean it is. And I'm growing a friend. The farmhouse looks good. We can decorate it next time. Fantastic. But we are going to end it there. I hope you enjoyed. I'll definitely be playing more of this on the channel. I really enjoy it. I get addicted to games like this, like similar games in the past. I get just properly addicted to it. I don't know what it is, but this game seems really fun. I do like it a lot. I'll thank Epic Games for the partnership on this one. It helps the channel a lot. Now thank you for watching as well. Again, helps me a lot. As I said earlier, the link will be in the description if you want to check out the game for yourself. You can use code called me Kevin if you want to help me out a bit more. But no pressure. Don't worry, I understand, you know, but while we talked about earlier, there's got to be a line somewhere. But yeah, I appreciate you watching. I hope you enjoyed. And I hope to see you next time. Bye for now.


Hi, this is Robert Gephardt again. First of all, please excuse the circles under my eyes. I haven't had much sleep lately. I've been pretty busy. Today I wanted to talk to you about transcription, what it means and what it entails because you'll, chances are you'll come across it. Transcription, a transcriptionist, a transcriber, transcript, transcription, translation, things like that. Transcription, what is it? All it means is that you transcribe usually in audio. It can be video into text. That's it. Now there are many different examples of transcription. Maybe there's an audio of a conference that needs to be transcribed. I've had wiretaps and just interviews that need to be transcribed for journals and newspapers. But the vast majority will usually be video or audio that needs subtitling. Let me start with just normal transcription. If it's just to document something that's in audio, then it's pretty straightforward. All you have to do is listen to what the person is saying, like you listen to what I'm saying, and you transcribe it into text. However, if you're doing it for subtitling, they'll usually mention that or they'll say they need time codes, timestamps, something like that. What a timestamp is is basically that shows what time it is, how many minutes have passed when I say this sentence and the next and the next. It can go by the second or even the tenth of a second. So you need to divide what's being said by each second or tenth of a second. What does this have to do with translation? There are two different things. Transcribing and translation. But very often clients will ask you to transcribe and translate. Here's where you need to be careful, however, because a transcription translation doesn't necessarily mean that you need to transcribe. So if someone asks you for a transcription translation of what I'm saying, they say I need a transcription translation of this video into French. Do you take what I'm saying and transcribe everything directly into French? Or do you transcribe it into English and then provide a French translation? Technically, a transcription translation means that you transcribe into English and you translate into French. However, the vast majority of the time, all they need is the French translation. But you need to be specific and you need to check with the client to make sure that's what they're looking for. Transcriptions can be quite interesting. I've had quite a few interesting ones, wiretaps especially, but actually even more than that were some of the interviews that I went through. You get to hear people in their natural habitat, hear the emotion behind it, and it can get quite interesting. You should definitely consider them if they come across your radar. But there are a couple of things you should keep in mind. If you're just starting out, then you can just use any audio format, iTunes, Windows Media, something like that. They do have different programs. They have software and hardware to help with transcription. I know they have the ones with a pedal. If you start doing transcription regularly, then definitely look into those. But at the beginning, you can definitely get it done just with what's already on your computer. I would also recommend using headphones because you hear a lot better. Most audio programs also let you play things more slowly at half speed or something like that, which can definitely help as well. If it's a pure transcription, then you should usually count that it'll take you three times as long as the audio. For every audio minute, it'll take you about three minutes of transcription. This will depend on the quality of the transcription because someone might be someone's mumbling like that, then it'll take a lot longer. If they're speaking quickly or slowly or this, that, and the other. If you need transcription with a timestamp, it can take a bit longer. Usually, however, they provide the timestamp. It's easier for them to, if they just give the timestamps and you just fill it out for each timestamp. However, that can take a little bit longer. Now, if you're doing a transcription plus a translation, then all that's wrong. It can take up to an hour for every audio minute. None of mine have ever taken that long, but when you first start out, definitely give it some time to get a feel. You're going to have to, you know, figure out how you go about it and what works best for you. If they're looking for a transcription plus a translation, so if everything I say needs to be transcribed into English and then translated into French, then probably what you want is, you know, a column with a timestamp if they have that, another column with the original text in English, and then a third column with the French, I guess for you guys, it will be the other way around. Usually they'll give you a template so you can work off of that. However, many times if they say, okay, I'm this guy speaking in English, but I only need the French, then see how it works easiest for you. I honestly prefer transcribing it first and then working as if it were a direct translation. This adds a little bit of time because you have to do the transcription. As I said, transcription can take three minutes for every audio minute. However, after that, it's a lot more smooth. Also, when I have to go back to the text and look at it, it's a lot easier to review my own work. Again, not everyone works this way. So see what works best for you. Start off with a small transcription at first or at least give yourself plenty of time just so you can get a feel of how to do it. And that's pretty much all I have on transcriptions. Again, I've had some experience. It's not my specialty. Most of what I've done has been interesting. At the end of the day, it was more lucrative for me to do translation probably because I find myself transcribing and then translating regardless. But I must say some of my more interesting jobs have been transcriptions. Once you do get a hang of it, can be a whole new specialty, a whole new niche for you as a translator that you can be a transcriptionist plus translator. So it's definitely a venue you might want to look into if it comes across your radar. I hope you found this useful. If you did, please click like and feel free to share with anyone who you think might find this useful as well. Don't forget to subscribe and there'll be new videos every week regularly talking about freelance translation, freelancing in general, translation and transcription. That's about it for now. So I'll talk to you next time.


Welcome folks, this is Tom O'Brien at TFNN. We have five days a week, we go seven hours a day, we go 24 hours a day in the internet, acttfnn.com. Always remember folks, whatever you think about, you bring about whatever. You focus on growth, hope everyone's having a great day, safe day, like a great weekend folks, it's a TGIF. Create the perfect relationship between you and your body. Treat your body with love, on a gratitude and respect. When you're making a goal to adore your body and accept yourself completely, you are learning to have the perfect relationship with anyone else you are with. Eyes, let's take a look at it out here. We have the Dow and Desk Jills right now trading down $3.32, Nasdaq's off $3.11, S&P's down $6.07, Gold contract down $20.20, traded $18.51 an ounce. We got Silver down $0.35, $21.92 an ounce, Platinum down $13 at $1,014 an ounce, Lightsweak crude just keeps steaming higher, baby. Up $284, $119.71 a barrel, notes and bonds. The 10-year note, down nine ticks, trading $1.1818, 30-year off $16 at $138.07, and $Kingdala, $Kingdala's up $337 ticks at $102.161, Euro 107, yen 130.82 in the British pound, at $124.01 at US dollar. Our phone number's<PHONE_NUMBER>. If it's Carl, folks, wanna know what's going on in your world, in the world of the S&Ps, let's take a look at them. What do you have? Well, let's go to the futures first and kind of figure out where we're gonna go into this close. So we take a look at the futures out here. You had the, we've had a 90-point move here. This is pretty amazing actually. Well, it's the market that we're in, there's no doubt. We had a high out here of, well, I guess no, it's 80-point move. Right now, you're down 63. The bottom line is given everything back from yesterday. And let's just see where we're at. Okay, so if we take a look at this, well, it's not bad. You know, when it actually was, when it was going up a little bit earlier, that volume wasn't bad. Now the battle's gonna be, let's see. So it's 309. Okay, so I love this. This is always great, man. So the battle is right here. This is where the battle is. You know, you can see this little expansion and volume right there. We just did 22,000. You're gonna start the next 10-minute bar and you're gonna start that bar going after the lows of today. And the lows of today, folks, had 23,000 contracts. That's light contract volume. You know, so they can very well get into that in about two seconds flat. Let's go take a look at the NQs. This is on the intraday basis now. The NQs are down 347 ticks. They pull this back. Okay, they just had an expansion of volume too. They're gonna go after these lows, man. Yeah, so we just did 9,000 contracts on the 10-minute. That low has 11,000 to 14,000. A couple bars there. This is gonna go after these lows, man. And what's sticking out like a sore thumb is the low that was established out here yesterday morning. That's a high volume low at 820 in the morning. Is it, no, I guess it was, no, it's 930. It was the opening bar. Now, that's on the daily. We take a look at this in the weekly. What you're gonna see out here is this. This has been building cause, you know, for bottom line, lower price. You know, we take a look at the weekly. I pulled this weekly up, put this on a couple year. What you're gonna see is that, you know, we had volume last week of 426 million in the spy. Right now, you have 314, but if you add that extra day, it's gonna come in somewhere around 400 million. So you got over the high, which is 415, 38. You close underneath it, I suspect, unless we have a super rally in the next 45, well, 45, yeah, 50 minutes.  What is that set up? That's up going right after the lows once again, which is 380. Right now, you're at 410. NDX 100, same type of setup inside the NDX. Bottom line is that you got over the high.  We take this on, and you're gonna see last week, what we had out here is 330 million shares. That's five, we've done 233, and that one there, let me just figure this out quick way, where are you? Okay, so let's see what we got. We got 233, whoops, 233, I said, right, yeah, okay. Yeah, it's gonna be 291 approximately versus 330. What you can also see here is this. So check this out. When you do the volume calc on that, what you have is that the aspect of it's showing that the cues are still much weaker than the spy. That's what it comes down to, because when you do the calc and the spy, you come in about 5% light of volume, and the cues, you come in a lot, it's 10, 15%, so it's a larger number. When we get closer to the close, I will do that. Let's go take a look at the platinum market. That's been on a nice little tear. We got a couple questions about, do you have a double top? And my take is that not even close. What you have out here is this, okay? So watch, platinum's down 13 bucks. You've gone straight up, well, last five days. We're from 9.24 to 1,037. Your swing point out here is 1,026. So now what you have, you'll build some more cars. I mean, this is a nice move. This is a nice move up there. You'll build some more cars. You know, what game out here is this 11.90 right now. And if we go over to good, well, let's go to gold first, then we'll do king dollar. We go take a look at gold, gold backing down out here today. And look at the contraction of gold. Gold's on its way higher, folks, okay? Bottom line, what we did out here, and this is, when these happen, man, this is a gift from the trading gods. Because what you have out here, so yesterday we go higher with 127,000 car contracts. Well, we've done 106,000, okay?  Which is saying, okay, now you're gonna go trying to test this, you can test even 18.30 once again. But bottom line is that higher prices are coming at us. What you had out here, if you take a look at some of the gold equities yesterday, I'd look at them today, rather, that, you know, went higher, what you have out here is that the bottom line is that these babies, let me see, is that September okay? They're pulling back with light volume. We go take a look at the 10 year bottom line. 10 year out here is going also after it's, you're at 118, 18, can't hold price. Bottom line is low is game once again. Stay right there folks, come right back.


Hey everyone I'm Rob Greenfield. Hey I'm Eric Joseph Lewis from Plant Path Nursery. And today we are going to teach you how to plant a community fruit or nut tree. And what I want to say first and foremost is don't be intimidated. Planting trees can sound like this big thing but it's actually really simple and we're going to show you how simple it is today. But also we're going to share some tips that are you know a little bit more of that mid-level or advanced as well to really try to have your trees be as successful as possible. But bottom line planting community fruit and nut trees is easy and we're going to show you how to do that today. So the first step to planting these Beirut trees is to dig your hole. I really love digging forks because they help us to create the hole without creating any soil compaction. If you only have a shovel definitely definitely use a shovel and that's one of those examples of like a little bit of a pro tip that'll help things just do a little bit better. And if you don't have a digging fork I highly recommend looking around your local thrift store or yard sale. I find these things for five bucks all the time. He's got the solutions. The solutions are always there with this. Very simple. Okay all right so as you can see we're not digging a massive hole. We got a little tree here. Pretty simple. Yeah eight to 12 inches is about all it takes with most Beirut trees. So we're going about a foot down and then how about width? How far are we going here? About 12 inches across so about 12 inches deep and 12 inches wide. And one thing about planting community fruit trees is wherever you are you'll be working with whatever soil there is there. So you know here in Asheville, North Carolina we're working in this spot with some clay but also some sandy soil and one of the keys to success is making sure to adapt to your environment and and working with the soils that you have. So the next tip is when you're putting your tree into the hole you want to make sure that the roots don't hook upwards because this upward pointing root is more prone to rot and disease and those diseases can then find their way through the entire tree. So make sure that all your roots are pointing down. You'll see our trees here are soaking in a half filled five gallon bucket of water and why do we want to have the the trees soaking and how long do we soak them for? You never want to soak your trees for more than six to eight hours so that's really just to super hydrate the roots prior to going into their holes and ideally you'll be planting on a rainy overcast day like today shortly after a rain or just before a rain. But if you're in an area without rain you've got to plant without rain simple as that. And the next step so now I've got the roots all carefully positioned and they're all pointing downwards and now we're just breaking up the native soil and putting it right back into the hole that it came from making sure to keep the collar of the tree just at the level of the ground. And what you'll notice here Eric said native soil. What native soil means is whatever the soil is here. So we're filling this hole back in with just the soil that we dug up. We're not adding anything to this hole except the tree and the native soil right from where we dug it out.  You'll see Eric made this neat little you know pile right next to the to the hole so that way you can easily move the soil back into the hole. Another note is you'll see like with this clay that we're breaking it up into small pieces. We want to do that so that you know you're not having these big air gaps or anything like that in there. And as we go we're gently kind of tamping the soil down so that those air pockets that Rob just mentioned are going to get pressed out and settled in. You'll also notice that we're leaving a little bit of space here near the top because our next step is going to be weed suppression. The tree is now planted and it was very simple but I just want to reshare a couple of points. First we only filled the hole in with the native soil so we didn't add anything to the hole. As we were doing that you know here in clay soil we broke that up and then we only buried the tree up to the collar. You don't want to bury the tree deeper that can ultimately result in your trees dying and that's one of the most common mistakes I would say new tree planters make right. Yeah absolutely agree. So making sure that you're planting the tree at the native soil level at the tree collar. And then one last little tip what we did is we pulled the grass back around the tree some just to prevent this grass from being able to overtake the tree so that'll help you with reducing your weeding later on. And now the next step is what's above the native soil and so what's next? Next is the same reason that we pulled the grass away. We want to suppress weeds and prevent other things from growing immediately around this chestnut because they will compete for both water and nutrients and that can lead to your tree drying out and prolonged droughts. Now my favorite material to use for weed suppression is definitely scrap boards from lumber mills but you can also get burlap sacks from local coffee roasters or the most common resource for most folks is going to be cardboard. And so we'll just put this cardboard down so that it's right up to the edge of the tree and make sure that it's as tight as possible to the tree. And then next we want to give our tree a little bit of fertility just to give it that boost and that extra head start as it's establishing. There you see that's about two gallons of good nice rich compost and this is an excellent kind of soil. And the reason that we put this on top rather than mixing it into the whole is because we want these nutrients to percolate in slowly and we want the roots to be fully accustomed to the native soils because the soil is only going to get worse the further down this tree goes. More compaction, more clay and so we want to keep all the nutrients on top. For more long-term weed suppression I like to plant in support species and one of my favorite plants to help support establishing trees is comfries and phytomaficinale. So we'll just take a few of these roots and we'll tuck them right into this compost around the top and this way instead of having weeds that compete for nutrients we'll have comfrey pulling up the nutrients and then we can come back and chop off those leaves and use them for further weed suppression. And one thing to keep in mind is you don't need comfrey but it's really nice to have so if you can get your hands on some comfrey you can get it really inexpensively and it's it's really going to help with the success of the trees if you can do it. Absolutely and other great support species include stinging nettle, yarrow, and anything that establishes a dense ground cover underneath the base of your tree. So next up we're going to go with mulch after the compost is mulch and there's a lot of free ways to get mulch one of the easiest is leaves these are just leaves that we raked up today and then another one is wood chips wood chips and you can find this as a free product as well as well. So either one is good so we've done about a five gallon bucket of leaves and a five gallon bucket of wood chips and there's a couple really important reasons why you want to do this it's weed suppression it is moisture retention to reduce the possibility of these being damaged by drought it's also creating fertility all of this breaks down into fertility building soil. One thing just other thing to mention is that you'll notice that it's almost more about what's above the hole than much below the hole so you can get by with less but doing this is going to really ensure the success of these trees. Yeah so now that we've added all this organic matter and compost and wood chips we've brought the level up well above the collar so we want to be sure to push all of that away to where the collar is not at all getting buried by our by our organic matter and mulching. And a really simple way I like to remember that is doughnut not volcano that's what I learned as a beginner planter so you'll see we've kind of created a doughnut and some people they plant up into a volcano and you don't want to do the volcano you always want to have a doughnut. So yeah now the next step is to make sure that this beautiful baby tree doesn't get munched to death by the deer as soon as it starts putting out leaves in the spring so we're going to need some kind of protection. Deer are the animal that are most likely to eat your plants that you're protecting them against but Eric what what other animals are we protecting against with these protectors? Well there's certainly groundhogs can be formidable foes when the trees are young even up to head high they'll pull down a flexible sapling and eat every leaf off of it there are a number of different rodents that will chew off the bark and suck sap out of the tree until it dies and so that's why I like to rely on hardware cloth rather than chicken wire if I'm going to be making my own tree tubes and because chicken wire the holes are bigger and those rodents can get right in and out it's like an open door for them but this hardware cloth is too small for most any rodent to get through and these are going to be on for about at least two years yeah minimum of two years so they're going to be on there for a while so you got to stake them in Eric's going to show us uh using the hardware cloth first and when he says planter this is actually a specific brand that you can buy and it's one that you recommend yeah it's one that we've been using for a couple years at plant path and it's working out well so far but there's other sources of purchasing these as well absolutely and some of them are just smaller you know so they'll be only two feet tall like this hardware cloth and that's fine because as the tree gets taller you can just put a second layer of hardware cloth on to prevent deer from nibbling your leaves and so we've got the the hardware cloth around and then we would just want to secure this to the to the stake yeah and to do that I typically use some kind of heavy duty twist tie and like you can see this one is pretty thick and double wired but there's also a fencing wire that you can buy very inexpensively simple as that so next up is the tree tube yep and so we just very simply take the twist ties off and we carefully tuck the tree into the tube so now your tree is planted has weed suppression fertility and protection from the animals all that's left to keep in mind is the watering when these trees are bare root and they're just getting established you're going to want to make sure that they get water at least twice a week by planting in the spring or fall time you kind of ensure that the weather is going to take care of most of the watering for you but if you live in a drier climate you're going to want to keep an eye on that and in the middle of long hot summers you want to check on your trees regularly to see if the leaves are starting to wilt or droop at all that generally takes about 10 days at 75 plus degrees and it's always good to go and visit your trees as often as possible because as some of my great gardening friends often say the best fertilizer is the gardener's shadow so spend lots of time with your trees and love I mean that's the same thing it's like being here loving them spending time with them it's the it's the reason we're planting these trees so make sure that you're visiting them ideally you're adding compost and mulch at least once a year yeah yeah at least once a year and you can definitely do it twice a year and weeding to keep this area you know clean so that the trees don't have competition and spending time with them is absolutely key so we're really excited for you to plant your community fruit and nut trees and we are so appreciative for you being a part of this now this covered really what you need to know but we cover everything at community fruit trees dot org and you can also email us for that one-to-one communication and support to have things uh to to ensure the success of your trees so we love you happy growing with your community fruit and nut trees and we want to see your trees as soon as you have planted them so send us little videos send us photos so that we can spread the abundance and spread the love for community fruit and nut trees congratulations to all of you on receiving your community fruit and nut trees this is a very exciting time so much good food to come in your community now if you can't plant your trees right away which probably most of you won't you have to heal them in to store them temporarily so i'm going to show you how to do that it's super simple it's basically just burying them in the soil for the short term until you can plant them so you have your trees here are the bare root trees and a couple of quick important things you want to keep these roots protected that's the purpose and in between taking them out and putting them in the ground you also want to keep them protected avoid exposing them to sunlight as much as possible and then secondly keep them out in the air for as little time as possible from when you're transferring them to when you are healing them in so it's really important to protect the roots roots don't spend time in the sunlight and air they like to be underground so healing them in is really simple and it comes down to just digging a hole or a trench so i'm going to do that so i've dug a hole very simple nothing fancy whatsoever i grabbed my trees and they can stay in their bunch just like this set them in there leaning is totally fine and then just cover them up with that dirt and then simply step on there gently just to kind of make them nice and snug in there just a gentle step not all of your weight and they are now stored that's going to keep them safe until you can go ahead and plant them you could let them sit here for you know days a couple weeks but definitely get them planted as soon as you can to start the community fruit and nut tree journey we're excited to be on this journey with all of you and excited to see these grow these trees growing and producing a bounty of food for your community in the years to come


Okay, so frequently you'll take a measurement in an experiment but you'll then need to do a calculation using that measurement. For instance, say you measure the mass and the volume of a sample of liquid so that you can calculate its density. You measure the mass on a really accurate balance so you have that value to 5 sig figs, but you measure the volume using a beaker so that measurement is one maybe two sig figs at best. How does that affect the accuracy of your answer? How many sig figs should your answer be? Well, let's say this is your mass and this is your volume and let's put that in the calculator to calculate the density. And the calculator tells us that we have 1.38175 and we're going to put the units in as grams per mill because the units of our mass was grams and the units of our volume was mills and we don't like naked numbers. So the answer that the calculator has given has six significant figures. Now can I really be that accurate in my density value if I only knew the volume to one sig fig? Of course not. The true volume of the sample could be anywhere between 75 and 84 mills and that means that the true value of the density could be anywhere between, you can calculate this for yourself, 1.32 or 1.47. Now if you look at that range it's big enough that we don't know the value of that first decimal place. It could be a three or it could be a four or it could even round up to a five. Hence we're only sure of the first digit of the value of our density, the one. So this leads me to an important point. When you're doing calculations on measurements you're limited by the accuracy of your least accurate measuring device which in this case was the beaker. And a second important point, the calculator is a tool and not a crutch. It will simply do the calculation that you ask it to with no regard to accuracy or sig figs or anything like that. Applying the sig figs correctly is up to you. Don't think that because the calculator gives you something that has 15 decimal places that you should necessarily count all of those decimal places.


Biden has come out, you know, as president, super ambitious. Much more ambitious than I expected. I think he took his victory as, you know, he's old. He's seen it all. He's in a sense got nothing to lose. Why not go for the fences? Why not swing at everything and try to get home runs? Who knows if he's even going to run for a second term. So why not get as much done? Kind of, he has, I think, more of a sense of history than maybe younger presidents do because of how old he is and how long he's been and how long he's been in politics.  That should have disqualified him from president. Just that. He is also, so he's got, he's got, he's hired a lot of ambitious people, a lot of ambitious people from the left. He's got a list of agenda items of kind of all the, all the stuff the lefters wish they could have gotten done over the last 50 to 100 years or last, sorry, 20 to 50 years. All the stuff they wish they could have done under Obama. One of the things I think he learned from the Obama administration is that in a midterm you can lose the edge, right? Obama had a Democratic Senate and a Democratic House for two years and then the House flipped on him and that was it. His agenda was over. He couldn't get anything done after that. So I think Biden is also trying to get as much done in the first two years as possible, right? He's trying to spend as much money, grow government as big as possible, get new programs instituted as fast as possible. He's got a Democratic House, in particular, but Senate as well, that is far to the left of him. So they are pushing and they eager to get stuff done. And shockingly enough, Trump managed to lose the Senate to them. So they actually have control of the Senate, but it's barely, right? It's 50-50, so they need every single Democrat to vote with them, which is going to be hard. But yeah, the agenda they've come up with is far more aggressive. He's not just cruising. He wants to get stuff done. He wants to get an agenda through. The first thing that I think is motivating him is, I think if you look at surveys of the American public, if you look at Trump's four years, I think the American public has no problem with growing government. The American public doesn't seem to care about bigger government, more spending, more intervention, more social programs, more government involvement in every aspect of the economy and every aspect of our lives. Both candidates in the last election, both Trump and Biden, were big government candidates. And turnout was historically high. And if you look survey after survey after survey, the programs he wants to suggest, anyway from infrastructure to free community college, to free kindergarten, to free all kinds of stuff, people like that stuff. There is no real grassroots, large scale opposition to dramatic growth in government. And Republicans have lost the claim for that because Trump was a big government Republican. And he got more votes than any Republican ever got. So the Republican Party is now a Republican Party that's a big government Republican Party. So there's a sense in which even, you know, there's a real sense in which Republicans in the Senate, Republicans in the House, are probably not going to fight this because a lot of this, because on what grounds? On what grounds? These are programs that their constituents, for the most part, approve of. I mean, the Republican Party, and we'll talk about this when we talk about conservatives, Republican Party has really become a political party that is primarily focused on the Cultural War, which it has lost for all intents and purposes, and is completely ignoring and completely has no fight in them to fight the economic rights, the economic growth of government kind of agenda. They have no interest in it. Yeah, they don't want to raise taxes, they want to cut taxes. But when it comes to actual government programs, actual growth of government, actual government spending, there's no motivation. I mean, there was a lot of criticism. So one of, you know, Biden's main achievement, I guess, achievement in quotes, everything, achievement is here very much in quotes. But one of the things he got done in the first hundred days is passed the stimulus bill. $1.9 trillion of stimulus that had very little to do with COVID. Had a lot of different social programs in it. Had a lot of institutionalized stuff that's going to be there forever. Not a one-time stimulus to the economy and let's go. And nobody challenged it. I mean, Republicans voted against it, but nobody really went out there. There was no big campaign. There was no appeal to the American people. There's no rallying, you know, the old tea party to go out into the streets against the massive growth of government and against the infringement, the massive redistribution of wealth and all these new social programs and everything else that the Democrats wanted. Basically, the Republicans were busy fighting over Dr. Seuss. And again, the Republicans were too busy losing the culture war to bother, to bother with the size, the scope of government, which traditionally has been what they've been, you know, at least as an opposition party, best at slowing down the Democrats' attempts to completely, you know, dominate, to grow government to the point where, you know, it controls all. So they're useless, hopeless.  And I didn't expect them to be this bad, but they really are really bad. I mean, in opposition to the minimum wage, which didn't pass, it didn't pass because of Democrats, not because of Republicans, because Democratic senators from Arizona said she wouldn't vote for it. But Republicans were proposing their own proposals to provide minimum wage, whether it was Mitt Romney, whether it was Josh Hawley. I think what we saw with the stimulus package, $1.9 trillion, with no opposition, nothing. I mean, Republicans basically concluded that the American people wanted this. Remember, it was Trump who argued that the check should be $2,000, not the original 600. They basically argued that Republicans figured that the constituents wanted this and they're not going to fight it. And really, the energy, all the energy in the Republican Party right now is about breaking up big tech. It's about attacking capitalism. It's about using antitrust. And it's about the cultural wars. It's about woke culture. It's about penalizing corporations for being too woke. That's where the energy is. That's where the excitement is. And they can't bother with the growth of government. And Biden wants to grow it on steroids. Unbelievable. The trillions and trillions and trillions of dollars. I mean, State of the Union addresses are the most boring speeches one can imagine. It's basically a list of all the wishes and all the things that government is going to do for you. All the ways government is going to help you. All the ways government is going to take from some, not to be mentioned. Well, the Democrats like to mention taken from the rich and the corporation, as if there is such a thing, and hand it out to all kinds of constituencies. And nobody bothers in States of the Union actually doing the math and figuring out whether all these tax increases actually pay for any of this. It doesn't matter. Just goodies here, goodies there, throw it over the here, throw it over there. Just spread it around. Get as many people as you can. And it's just laundry lists, pathetic, disgusting, ridiculous, boring laundry lists of things. And Biden's list, I think, was the most ambitious list that I've seen from any president. I mean, one could only wish that Republicans in an effort to limit government with this ambitious. Now, he's not going to get everything he wants. But at least if you set the goal way over there, big, big, big humongous goal, you might achieve some of it. If you set the goals very small, if you achieve some of it, it's small. Republicans presidents set the goals very small. When it comes at least to the issue of limited government. Yeah, Biden is a moderate. This is moderate and he's not going to get any of this pass, but he is appeasing his left. And look, I did not expect, and I said this at the time, I did not expect the Republicans to lose two Senate seats in of all places in the world, Georgia. That took skill. That took ability. That took a unique form of suicide that only somebody could like Trump could pull off. So yeah, Biden would have been dramatically moderated if he'd have to deal with the Republican Senate, even if it was 51-49. Yeah, yeah, yeah, stolen seats.  Everything is, everything is cheater.  How come he didn't prevent them from stealing the seats? Stolen seats.  This is exactly the kind of attitude of he can do no wrong that I've argued over and over and over again that too many of you engage in that kind of mindless attitude. Not only was the presidential thing stolen, the two Senate seats in Georgia was stolen.  Jonathan says, here's to the positive shoes. I don't know I have positive shoes. I assume he meant shows. A philosophy for living happily on earth. Yes, I will be back to the positive shows very, very soon. I'm testing out the waters to see what shows under this new regime get more viewers.  I'll be able to make a definitive conclusion in the next few days. We've all got positive shoes. I like that. Subbaidin is going for, he's going for everything. The Democrats have won it.  He knows he won't get anything, everything that he wants. But think about this, you know, multi trillion dollar infrastructure bill that has just seems to be growing and growing and growing where over half of it is not even infrastructure. And we will see, of course, we'll see where it all ends up and what Republicans are willing to compromise with in order to get something passed. Good news today was that, just on the political side, the good news today was that mansion, senator mansion, didn't, said he would not vote for statehood for Washington D.C.  Yeah, Biden is a moderate, but one of the features of being a moderate is that you don't really have a position. You don't have to, you actually don't have to, you're not passionate about anything. You're not committed to anything. You're not invested in anything, right? So the whole point of a moderate is that you're easily swayed. You easily swayed by those who have louder voices, who are more committed, who are willing to fight. And this relates to what I talked about yesterday. The fact is the left is much more passionate, much more in the streets, much more engaged, much more engaged in politics than the moderates are, than the Republicans are. And therefore, and therefore it's not, it's obvious that a moderate will succumb to whoever's got the energy behind him. Now, the Overton window from this perspective has shifted way to the left on economic issues, but it was shifted, it wasn't shifted by the Democrats. The Overton window was shifted to the left on economic issues by Trump. It was shifted to the left by Trump by making, by being in America, quote, first, because of tariffs, because of his attempt to kind of control corporations, because of his attack on American business, because of his attempt and willingness in the Justice Department under him to file antitrust lawsuits against big tech. And generally, there's no problem in signing spending bills that grew bigger and bigger and bigger and bigger. So the Republicans under Trump shifted the Overton window, the window of what is accepted when it comes to the role and size of government, so far to the left that now there's almost, it's almost impossible for them to move it to the right, because to move it to the right takes them outside what they have established is their position when it comes to the role of government in the economy. So it's exactly Trumpism that has allowed the Overton window to shift so far to the left. It's exactly Trumpism on economic, on economic role of government issues. And this is why I warned you of Trump from the beginning, because the real damage he did is not in the policies he did on a day-to-day basis. The real damage is the shift in attitude now in the entire Republican Party, where government should be involved, where government does need to be big, where government does need to control the economy, where government does need to be involved in breaking up companies and in regulating it, in controlling, in managing the economy. It's not a shift away from Trump. It's an embrace of Trump. Indeed, one of Biden's things that he's done over the first hundred days, which is quite amazing and very little commented on, is that he has embraced in trade policy the America First label. He's completely embraced it. He's keeping tariffs, not just to China, but throughout. He is keeping the buy America and doubling up. He's doubling up on the buy America. He's doubling up on bringing manufacturing home. He's doubling up on much of Trump's domestic agenda, even on immigration, while Biden has promised, though we're going to expand immigration, we're going to expand refugee stuff, so far he hasn't. But primarily on trade and in the relationship with business and the Justice Department going after business for antitrust, Biden has embraced the Trumpist agenda. And that's the sense in which Trump shifted the Overton window towards the left in a dramatic way, towards statism, if you will, towards an increased role in the state when it comes to our lives, particularly when it comes to our economic lives. Under Obama and under Clinton, Republicans were advocates of shrinking the welfare state. That's why we got welfare reform under Clinton. They were advocates of smaller government. I mean, everybody criticizes Paul Ryan, but under Obama, Paul Ryan's budgets shrunk government. There was even one budget that Paul Ryan passed in the House. The Paul Ryan passed in the House where Medicare was going to be voucherized. One of the best ideas to come out of a Republican in decades. There was real energy about entitlement reform. There was real energy about shrinking the size of government. Up until 2016, the Republican Party, at least some of it, was energized around limited government, returning to founding fathers' ideas, and finding ways to reform entitlements in ways that did not hamper and destroy and bankrupt the United States. That Republican Party is dead. It's finished. Trump killed it, and it's gone. I have no idea where it is, and I don't think you're going to find it. I don't think you're going to find it. What we need today, what I call the new intellectual, would be any man or woman who is willing to think. Meaning, any man or woman who knows that man's life must be guided by reason, by the intellect, not by feelings, wishes, wins, or mystic revelations. Any man or woman who values his life and who does not want to give in to today's cult of despair, cynicism, and impotence, and does not intend to give up the world to the dark ages and to the role of the collectivist broods. All right. Before we go on, reminder, please like the show. We've got 163 live listeners right now, 30 likes. That should be at least 100. I figure at least 100 of you actually like the show.  But at least the people who are liking it, I want to see a thumbs up. There you go. Start liking it. I want to see that go to 100. All it takes is a click of a thing, whether you're looking at this. And you know the likes matter. It's not an issue of my ego. It's an issue of the algorithm. The more you like something, the more the algorithm likes it. So, you know, and if you don't like the show, give it a thumbs down. Let's see your actual views being reflected in the likes. But if you like it, don't just sit there, help get the show promoted. Of course, you should also share. And you can support the show at yourunbrookshow.com slash support on Patreon or subscribe star or locals and show your support for the work, for the value. Hopefully you're receiving from this.  You'll know what shows are on, when they're on. You'll get notified. So, yes, like, share, subscribe, support. Like, share, subscribe, support. There you go. Easy. Do one or all of those, please.


Good afternoon, everyone. This is Melissa Armour with The Stocks. What should I'm doing? The GAT reviews for the day. This was KR. It had a move in the morning, and then it just popped right over it. And the funny thing is, look, it didn't really go up, and it didn't really go down. It just flatlined all day. It was a bust. So let's look at this. It had one fat red bar into the open, broke, looked good. You probably didn't even see what money you were at before it flipped, did you? No. It was like $0.20, yeah. Here it was broke, and then immediately did. And then it didn't stop out here. You killed it, and then it stopped out here. And then it said, forget it. Wasn't right, wasn't right, wasn't right, so that was an immediate loss. Then we went and flipped, looked at this, missed the first century of this one. This was OPK. This was a nice gap. And you ended up doing this and holding it all day. So here was the first century, except none of us were watching it. So then we saw this. And then I thought, it's going to back up, it's going to back up, it's going to back up, but then it never did. It opened, dropped. This was the load of the day. That happened in the first 10 minutes of the day. Look at that, 714. Kept thinking it was going to go back down there, but never did. Had a huge lift up. Okay, you were in it short here. You took a little bit more. And here you were up $700. You waited it out all day. You tried to be patient. You tried, tried, tried, tried, tried. And you ended up getting out of this today with 300 bucks, which was not as good as the afternoon or the lunchtime, but it had the potential. Once it started to lift up here though, the longer it takes, the longer you have to go, the longer you have to go to the $7 number. And then I said, that's not going to happen. And then the longer you have to go to the load of the day. And then you did have the market. You did have the market, but you did help this. Let's see where the market closed. Let's see if the market's gapping down right now, actually, not really. But I don't know where the market does tomorrow, but we could gap down tomorrow. So if we gap down tomorrow, I think this kind of just flat lines here for a little while, but the market could fall tomorrow if we gap down. But this could have fallen in the afternoon. It just didn't. So I think it's fine.  I think that was a nice recovery to flip around, because you were in this for a while. You gave it a shot. If it went to $714, you would have made $1,600. So if it had gone to $7, you would have made $2350. And you still would have made your goal in it for the day. So you just never know. You just never know. And then you add it to the target. This fell yesterday. Hell, today really didn't go anywhere. Almost it was a doji, actually. What's the high in this today was $52, not even a buck. This could gap down tomorrow. This could gap down tomorrow and end up being a nice short of brand new gap. Actually, tomorrow if it gaps down. If the market gaps down and this gaps down, or this could break the low in here and break that number. I don't think this recovers from the day of the gap. And that's why I said, if you want, you could add to this today to take your normal size. Because it fell yesterday, almost broke. The market was really bullish yesterday. Today it is held. And if the market falls tomorrow, this will break again. And you've got 30 contracts in this, which is 3,000 shares. So again, if this goes to $57,50, what are you going to be up? No, $56,50. If this goes to $56,50 and your strike is $57, what are you going to make in this tomorrow? You're going to make $500. So that would be $0.80 under the low there. So that's not crazy. It's not crazy at all. And then that's not even a crazy number. If it goes to $56, you'll be up how much?   But if you make a dollar in this, if you make a buck in this, what will you be up? A dollar in the money. Target. I bet you end up making $3,000 in your last day here.  I bet you do. Because I think the market's going to gap down. And I think a lot of things that are weaker are going to gap down with it. And Target's one of them. Wouldn't that be great if you made three grand in your last day? Yeah, it's an option. Absolutely. So this was all the plays and trades today. And the market looks like it could gap down tomorrow. We'll see what it does. Good luck, everyone. We'll see tomorrow how everyone in the room did with this secondary trade. Some people may have redundant. Some people may have stayed with it all day. Like Phillip, some people may have got out of it in the lunchtime period, which was the low drop in here. It couldn't break that 731 area, 730-ish. So good luck, everyone. And I'll see you in the room tomorrow morning. Email me at Melissa at thestockswitch.com for more information.