Never fear Alvin's here. You're watching TJV This gray fog almost looks like smoke doesn't smell like smoke though I've closed my windows and set my air to recirculate for now. It's so weird It's just suddenly like a wall of cloud Here we're clear again, but up ahead there you see it. Maybe the camera's not picking it up not doing it justice I don't know cameras don't always pick up the fog as well If you guys ever noticed that first can see through the fog better than we can You see those trees they're sort of just popping out of the cloud there Interesting, I guess I guess it's just fog now that we're here. It just looks like fog but from back there It was so weird I had a clear blue sky and then suddenly just like a gray wall Coming up in front of me Interesting well, good morning everybody. I haven't even say good morning to you yet. It is a Today what is today? I'm filming this on a Thursday And we're on our way up to Fort McMurray. We left Saskatoon this morning We've only gone about a half hour down the road We're in Saskatchewan still between Saskatoon and North Battleford.  There's favorite and horses Cows are his favorite. I like cows too. They taste great Anyway, yeah, we're on our way up to we'll be in Fort McMurray tonight kilometers or 500 miles to go We're just rolling into the town named after the saint that was named Paul St. Paul, Alberta Halfway there from where we started this morning long way up to Fort McMurray at St. Paul is still pretty southern All I guess middle middle, Alberta. I guess we're same level as Edmonton almost a little further but Another four and a half hours of just driving at least maybe five depending on I Was gonna say traffic, but I'm not expecting any traffic up there Depending on wildlife we might see a bunch of bison herds or caribou. I don't know. We'll see I'm pretty sure they're further north this time of year I'm not too sure of their migration habits. There are massive herds of wild animals up north People think they don't exist anymore. I've heard some documentaries saying oh nothing like that exists anymore Obviously, they've never been to Northern Canada I've seen them the huge bison herds. Remember when we went up north of BC or Northern BC and Yukon Hundreds and hundreds and hundreds maybe thousands of bison and they just sleep along the side of the road Right, it's actually kind of dangerous because they're massive beasts huge herds of them They're very careful when you drive up there Need to see but they don't really come far south anymore because you know we're all down here Now I'm guessing this church on the left would be St. Paul's Church That would make sense to me anyway What's it schools just getting out? The extra careful going past the school here all the school kids are in front here Can't see any name on that church Any crossing you're not crossing you're just standing there hanging out. Okay I'm just gonna put on pass then Down as most towns are in Alberta We have to turn right up ahead Start heading north right now. We're headed pretty much straight west Okay, people are opening their doors in the traffic. All right Step right on out of your vehicle right in front of a semi go ahead That was a cop and he's not gonna do nothing about the people don't care people don't care Okay, just like in Steinbeck, you know People even look they just swing their door open and step out into traffic Just about nailed people so many times doing that and then they look at you like it's your fault Oh, well, I like these street lights a unique It's pretty neat I like it when towns go like the extra mile to be a little different be a little unique and special Even if it's just special lamppost like that Well, we're on highway 63 now. This is the highway that takes us up to Fort McMurray Got about two and a half hours to go Last time we were up here. This was all still all green. There's still summertime then Now fall has really set in quick Still tons of beaver dams and Beaver dens Every every creek and lake and pond seems to have beavers in it here just thousands and thousands and thousands of them everywhere another one over there and Every little pond has a big Beaver den in it And every little creek that we pass over the same thing as the last time that we saw it But now that we're up here in the fall time It's you know, we don't get all the beautiful colors that Ontario gets all the reds and oranges out here It's mostly just like this yellow and brown kind of ugly colors, but it is fall time Most of the trees have lost their leaves already this far north The days are getting pretty short But I love it up here so peaceful so uninhabited It's so wide open Just rolling into Fort McMurray deliver these things just down the street from the Petropas truck stop It actually works out perfect, so I'll be able to stay right close by I'm gonna go see where the customer is first just drive past there do a little drive-by surveillance You know some recon Figure out where I'll be delivering in the morning This is sort of their industrial zone here in Fort McMurray I believe it's at the lights here, right? Town seems pretty quiet right now 300 meters turn left on Mackenzie. Yeah All right I'm ready for sleep. We're ready to it's been a long day again. We're way up north So we'll go see where we got to be in the morning and hopefully there'll be a spot for us at the truck stop It's like I have a signal on I can't tell Now he put it on Might have to check Google Maps to where exactly The truck stop is I know it's really close by here 500 meters turn left president and approaching destination on the right side in 180 meters All right Karen. I trust you Too bad. They're not there now. We could just unload now It's a quarter to nine here. We're in mountain time So we're one hour behind Manitoba back at home 200 meters turn left on Donald president and approaching destination on the right side in 180 meters All right Karen you already told me that but thanks now you're digging at me. I heard you. I heard you. I'm listening Kenzie can road Karen's taking me to the truck stop now If there's no parking there, there's plenty of parking on the street here just down the street from where I got to deliver So at least we have that for an option Yeah, I almost rather park here right close by Well, go see how the petro pass looks. It's not too far down the road here Should be just around the corner. Oh, we already got trucks parking on the road here. So that might mean that The actual truck stop is full We'll see Never know. It's not a very big truck stop. That's a thing Think this is the driveway right here, right? You have arrived at your destination on the left side petro pass number 38702 petro pass number 38702 Wow, I didn't know there was that many petro passes What is this guy doing? Oh Well, dude use your signals. Oh your front signals not working. Okay, probably get that fixed man I had no idea that you're doing. Yeah, it looks like we'll be parking on the street. That's okay Whatever, let's let's do a pass through here See what she looks like Tons of pumps what do they got like one two three four five six seven eight nine ten eleven pumps or so like look at this Let's pan this way a little bit for you nice nuts Don't think there's much for parking here though Unless if there's parking like way in the back, but these guys are all parked blocking the driveway Dude why wouldn't you just park on the street if there's no room like I'm going to do Oh, yeah, this is right packed. Oh, yeah. Oh, yeah, we're gonna go to the street. Yeah That bothers me in Canada You get that a lot when the when the parking lot gets full people don't go to the next stop or park somewhere else They just park right in the driveway like literally right in the driveway and block everybody from getting in and out That's okay. Whatever. I don't go park on the street. Anyway, it'll be quieter there All these guys are all gonna start up in the morning and a lot of these guys are local drivers, too You know like don't they have yards like work yards where they can park their machines Like they're taking up spots from us highway drivers that have you know nowhere else to park Now like I said, whatever I want to park on the street. Anyway Oh speed bumps. Oh I bet you they do have trucks just ripping through here. You know every truck stop should put these speed bumps in I know they're annoying and we'd hate them but They'd really get drivers like these these NASCAR drivers to slow down Well, this is where we found parking That light is a little bit annoying There we go We made it All the way up from Berlin, Wisconsin Two and a half day drive Ready to unload in the morning Alvin's here. You're watching TJV


Mental health is an important issue for individuals, families and communities.  It also means that supportive services, crisis response and alternatives to treatment are available. This is a critical time in our community and we can make things better. Hello, my name is Casey and I would like to tell you about YOLO Community Care Continuum.  Our mission is to better the lives of people with a mental illness through direct services, advocacy and education. We offer supportive housing, rehabilitative and crisis residential programs and homeless outreach. Our vision is to be part of a community that puts mental wellness on par with physical health. We want you to join us in the shared vision. To learn more, please visit y3c.org or call<PHONE_NUMBER>. Thank you.


And now, stay tuned for the mystery program that is unique among all mystery programs. Because even when you know who's guilty, you always receive a startling surprise at the final curtain. In the signal oil program, The Whistler. Oh, the famous go farther gasoline.  I'm The Whistler, and I know many things, for I walk by night. I know many strange tales hidden in the hearts of men and women who have stepped into the shadows. Yes, I know the nameless terrors of which they dare not speak. And now, for the signal oil company, The Whistler's strange story. Murder in mind. The Hollister House looked as permanent as the hillside it occupied in the exclusive Terrace Heights district on the outskirts of town. The house itself sprawled along the crest of the hill, overlooking the rambling wooded ground. That late afternoon in early spring, Gil Hollister and his wife, Vicki, sat facing one another on the broad terrace, neither spoke for a time for they were waiting. Waiting for something to happen. And then Gil sprang to his feet and started pacing the stone-floored terrace. We ought to be hearing something by now. It shouldn't take this long.  I'm trying to listen. I'm trying not to. Don't tell me you're sorry you did it. I'm not sorry, Vicki. I'm not anything. Wish it were over, that's all. If you did what you were supposed to do, we won't have much longer to wait. Oh, Gil, stop taking me. I've got to do something. How about a drink? Not for me, but you look like you could use one. Yes, I guess I could. Move rigidly, mechanically over to the bar under the striped canopy on the side of the terrace. Go through the motions of making a high ball with unsteady hands.  What could have gone wrong, Gil? Should have happened by now. Bell drove away from the house five minutes ago. And then you hear it.  You freeze inside. Vicki leans forward in her chair. And then there's a taxi around the curve and comes into view. Gil, she's back.  Children, I've just had the most terrifying experience. Really terrifying. Why, what's the matter now? Let me get my breath. Goodness, I'm still trembling.  But what happened then? I cannot understand it, Vicki. I certainly wasn't driving any faster than I usually do down our road. But my goodness, that last curve, you know, before the main gate? Why, I went to put on my brakes to slow down a little. And there were no brakes. No brakes at all. You don't look at Vicki, Gil. You can't. You just keep staring at Bell. Bell, your stepmother, sitting there quite alive, recounting the frightening details of her nearly fatal accident. No brakes on her car, Gil. Just when she needed the most. There were no brakes on her car. You wonder how she made it at all? She wasn't supposed to, was she, Gil? Both front-senders and the grille smashed in something terrible. Oh, my dear, what a frightful experience.  I'll call Dr. Stratton. You've had quite a shock. Oh, my goodness, no. I'm as good as new right now, Gil. And don't you, darlings, worry about me. Oh, oh, I must call Mrs. Morgan at the centre. She was expecting me. And then the garage. I must call them to pick up the car. Let me do that for you. Oh, no, dear, thank you. It won't take a minute. And it'll take my mind off things. After all, Gil, I want to be active while I'm still able. I might have been killed, you'll know. Yes, Gil, she might have been killed. You watch her bounce happily into the house, smiling and humming. She seems glad to be alive after her nearer accident. You stand looking after her.  You're no longer tense. Just a little stunned, a little amazed. What is that stepmother of yours? Pioneer stock or something? Won't anything kill her? Nothing has so far. She won't drown. She won't trip down a flight of stairs. And she can drive a car without brakes around steep curves. Maybe she's charmed. Maybe she's supposed to go on living. On and on.  Oh, well, she was Dad's wife. She's entitled to something. Yes, but she's taking everything. All we've got is an allowance. Well, I guess Dad never thought too much of the way I handled money. Maybe he thought it would last longer with her. We wait for her to die a natural death. You won't even inherit her good health. Well, good Lord, Becky, we've tried, haven't we? I've done everything you've suggested. What else can I do? I'm not sure yet. But I'll think of something. And this time it will work. Yes, Vicki's the planner, Gil. And you're the executioner. Yes, beautiful Vicki. She amazes you, doesn't she? For the next few days, you'll know that Vicki is biding her time. Turning a plan over in her practical mind for another accident to Bell. A plan that will work this time. One late afternoon, you're in the library with Vicki and Bell. With Bell carrying the bulk of the conversation.  The Community Social Work Center. Oh, dear, we're simply swamped with work. Mrs. Morgan and I are up to our ears, literally. But it is satisfying. When you help raise the downtrodden from, well, the very depths, it's very satisfying. You know, you two should really become active at the center. Social work is stimulating, genuinely stimulating. Oh, yes, I'm sure it is. Bell, dear, if you don't mind, I think I'll go to my room. We'll do it at the Coleman's for cocktails and an hour. I will just do it a moment longer, Vicki. I have something to tell you both. Oh, well, I don't want to alarm you, but... What is it, Bell? Well, I'm not getting any younger, you know. And lately, well, that isn't the past six months or so, will these accidents of mine at the lake remember I nearly drowned? Yes, Bell, we remember. And then tripping on the whole stair just last month? Therefore would have killed me, I know. And then the brakes just a few days ago, the crash and all? What is it, Bell? What are you trying to say? Well, you'd have to know some time, and I do hope you'll approve. Um, Foster! Foster, will you come in now, please? Foster, who are you? Yes, Mrs. Hollister. Oh, Foster, I want you to know my children. This is Mrs. Hollister, Junior, and my stepson, Mr. Hollister. This is Foster. Mr. Mrs. Hollister, how do you do? Foster's going to drive for me, drive. And, um, what was that you said I needed, Foster? Uh, bodyguard, ma'am. Yes, that's it. A bodyguard. Coming May 1st. Coming May 1st. Yes, last Sunday, I announced was the final Sunday that limericks would be used on the Whistler. Because Signal Oil Company would soon be making news with something new, something big, something exciting. That's coming May 1st. And that's something new, is a $10,000. Yes, I said $10,000 contest for Signal Gasoline with 200 thrilling, valuable prizes. First prize is a Buick Super Riviera model combining the swank of a convertible with the safety of a closed car. Second prize is an Apex Complete Automatic Laundry with three work-saving units. Apex Automatic Washer, Apex Automatic Dryer, Apex Sit-Down Ironer. And 198 other appealing prizes include Frigidaire's Deluxe Refrigerator with new electric range. Plus 10 Packard Bell Radios. These and dozens of other valuable prizes will be given in Signal's big $10,000 contest. Coming May 1st. Best of all, no purchases are required in these easy, fun-filled Signal Contests. There are no box tops to send in, no tickets to save. So be sure to tune in the Whistler next Sunday for more details about this big, exciting $10,000 Signal Gasoline contest coming May 1st. Well, Gil, you hadn't planned on foster, had you? When you and your wife Vicky were planning those accidents to do away with your stepmother Bell. It never occurred to you that Bell might hire a driver and bodyguard.  Or if she really knows that you and Vicky have been plotting to kill her. Later, as you and Vicky drive down the road to the main gate on your way to the Coleman's cocktail party. Well, has the shock of foster worn off yet? I'm getting used to the idea. Foster doesn't worry me. In fact, the more I think about it, the more I think he may turn out to be a God's woman. You'll forgive me if I don't get it. He's broke, I'll bet on it. He undoubtedly needs money desperately. Why, Gil, the more I think of it, the more I suspect that Foster might rob the wall safe. Well, Vicky, I... And Bell might even meet with foul play, resisting the robbery, of course. Well, I'll... Well, what do you think about it? Well, I don't know. I'll need a little more time to think. Not too long, darling. I'm going to do some checking on Foster tomorrow. And if I find what I expect to find, the Hollister estate is due to be robbed within a very few days. It's an interesting thought, isn't it, Gil? And as always, you know that you can count on Vicky. The following day, the two of you drive into town for a little friendly visit with Bell's friend, Mrs. Morgan, the superintendent at the rehabilitation center. Of course, Foster's name is brought into the conversation, and you're pleased with what you hear. Oh, yes, the poor man's had such a trying time of it, just couldn't find himself, you know. This job now with Bell is just the thing for him. I see. Matter of fact, it was all my idea. I thought Bell could use a chauffeur, and Foster is an excellent driver. I... Nothing's happened, has it? I mean... Oh, no, Mrs. Morgan, we were just wondering about Foster, his background and all. One can't be too careful, you know. Of course. We didn't want to worry Bell, asking her about it. But as Vicky says... I understand. And you know Bell always carries quite a bit of money around with her, keeps a considerable amount of the house, too. Yes, yes, you know it never occurred to me. Foster looks so honest. Oh, and I'm sure he is, Mrs. Morgan. Well, we'd better be running along, Gil. Yes. I still have some shopping to do. Goodbye, Mrs. Morgan. What's that, dear? Yes. Bye. The stage is set, isn't it, Gil? And you're certain Mrs. Morgan will remember your conversation with her concerning Foster. You waste little time discussing the details, carefully going over each step of the plan with Vicky. Finally, the night arrives. The night of the attempted robbers. You're on the terrace with Vicky and Bell. Foster is there, too. And you're waiting for Bell to go up to her room. Oh, my, it's such a beautiful evening, isn't it, children? Simply beautiful. You know, I think I'll take a stroll down to the creek. Anyone want to come along? I'm afraid I couldn't negotiate that path in these high hills. Oh, how about you, Gil? Feel like stretching your legs? Thanks, no. I'm nice and comfortable right where I am. You want me to come along, Mrs. Hollister? No, no, thank you, Foster. You stay here and keep the children company. I shouldn't be long, quarter of an hour or so. They're probably going down to the bridge. You sit back, watch Bell stroll down the path, and then out of sight. And you wonder if Bell had a reason for asking Foster to remain behind, perhaps to keep an eye on you and Vicky. You wonder, too, if she suspects something, that somehow she senses something is going to happen tonight. Finally, you get to your feet, wander inside, and make yourself a drink. Then an hour goes by. Then an hour. Gil? She's been gone quite a long time. You suppose something could have happened, Mr. Hollister? What? She mentioned the bridge. Is that the one down by the gully? Yes, yes it is. Sort of old and rickety. I think I better get down there, take a look. I'll go with you, Foster. Something could have happened at that. With Foster following close behind, you hurry down the path and finally reach the old suspension bridge which spans the deep, narrow gully. As you start across it, Foster grabs your eye. Hold it, Mr. Hollister. Huh? Look up ahead. The handrail. It's broken, isn't it, Gil? And the rail hangs down, seeming to point to the bottom of the gully.  Belle. She's dead, Mr. Hollister. For a moment you stand there staring down at Belle Hollister. Yes, she's dead at last, Gil. An accidental death. And it actually happened without you or Vicki being involved at all. Before you called the police, maybe we'd better have an understanding, Mr. Hollister. What? What do you mean? Mrs.  Oh, that's preposterous. Is it? She told me about some of those accidents she had. I thought it'd be a good idea if she wrote all that down, put the whole story on paper, turn it over to me. What? Yeah, just in case something happened to her that I couldn't prevent. Well, now look, Foster. Belle was killed accidentally. Maybe... I saw you push her off the bridge, Mr. Hollister. Maybe you what? Yeah, maybe I saw you and then... Then again, maybe I didn't. It all depends. Depends? On how much you're willing to pay. Let's go back to the house and talk this over, huh? I think your wife will want to be in on this. All right, Pop. We'll pay. Vicki! I said we'll pay. I knew you'd see it my way, Mrs. Hollister. Now, may I see this letter, Belle wrote? Yeah, sure, sure, I got it right here. It's under armed escort, so don't try nothing, huh? I'll hold on to it if you don't mind. Okay, take a look. Now, you recognize the handwriting? Yes. We could deny this, you know. Maybe, but when I told the police I saw Hollister push her off the bridge, plus this letter, it'll be a cinch. Well, Gil? All right. All right. Twenty grand a night and we'll break it down to, uh... to weekly payments, huh? Ten thousand a night. That's all we can get our hands on. Okay, I'm not greedy. Well, now that that's settled, you can call the cops. Oh, and Mr. Hollister... Yes? When you told your story to the law, better leave me out of it, huh? When you found her, you were alone. Why? Well, if I'm not involved, I won't have to answer questions. Tell lies. I'm sensitive that way. Call me when it's over. I'll be up in my room.  Without mentioning Foster, of course. It's all over very quickly, and you'll breathe a sigh of relief when they leave. Satisfied that Bell Hollister's death was purely accidental. And then later, when you're alone with Vicki... I tell you it was a mistake agreeing to Foster's demand so quickly. What else could we have done? If that letter from Bell, the police would believe anything Foster told her. How can we trust him? We can't. But don't worry. He isn't going to get away with this. Oh? We let him stay on a few days. Then one night, you find him trying to get into the safe, and... Yes, Foster? Yeah, that's fine, fine. Oh, Foster, that, that suitcase, what are you doing with it? What does it look like, pal? I'm leaving. No need for me to stick around. See? Yeah, I thought I'd find me a nice little apartment in town. It's kind of dull out here, right? I crave the bright lights, excitement, dancing girls. Always have. I'll be now, I can afford it.  The week's passed, and regularly every Friday evening, when all the servants are out of the house, Foster reappears to make his collection. And you'll find that Bell's money, now yours, is dwindling away twice as fast now as it did when Bell was alive. The chilling Foster won't solve your problem, will it? You know that you've got to get Bell's letter, too. It's important. And then finally one night, an idea occurs to you. You tell Vicki about your plan, and she agrees. Early that Friday evening, when you're certain Foster is on his way to the estate, you pick up the phone and call the auto club in town. This is Mr. Foster, Ralph Foster, 327 Sherbin Drive. Yes, Mr. Foster? Officer, we could go asking for some travel literature. Yes, sir. One of your clerks said she'd mail some folders out to me, but I haven't received them yet. Would you find out what the... That's off. One moment, sir. What? I'm going to check. Better work. It will. Don't worry about it. Vicki, the car's stopping outside. Stole them off a few minutes. Yeah? I think I know what happened, sir. You gave me your address as... 327 Sherbin Drive. We have you listed at 601 Terrace Boulevard. 601 Terrace Boule... Oh, I see. My old address. I'm sorry, sir. No, no, my mistake. I should have notified you. Will you send out the pamphlet? First thing in the morning. Thank you. Thank you very much. Come on in, Foster. You're early. Yeah, I gotta get back to town. Date. Sit down, huh? Sit down. Well, if you don't mind, I... Please. I have something to talk over with you. Vick, how about fixing some drinks? Oh, yes. Yes, of course. Uh, proposition, Hollister? Foster, how would you like to sell me that letter of bells, huh? Get this business over with once and for all. I might be tempted. I'll give you 50,000 for it. Well, maybe I'd better sit down at that, huh? Could you get me to let it tonight? Well, uh, sure. I'd have to go back to town. I'm keeping it in a nice, safe place.  Yeah. Too bad. You don't know where it is. Oh, Hollister. Oh, thank you, Mrs. Hollister. Well, Foster, are you going to sell us the letter? Yeah, why not? Well, let's drink to it then. All right. Here? Yeah, that's good, bourbon. Very good.  What? Fixing this drink, I mean. Oh, hardly. Anything happened to me and you'd never find that letter that somebody else would. I realize that. Of course, if you know where you could get your hands on that letter, well, it'd be a different matter, huh? That's right. Well, let's get on to business. I have some details. I don't have much time. That's right, Foster. You don't have much time. It's only a matter of minutes, isn't it, Gil? And the drink begins to show its effect. Foster leans forward in his chair, peering at you, hardly able to keep his eyes open. And then he begins to clutch at his throat. Hey, what's going on? The drink, you... That's right, Foster. You'll be dead in another few minutes. No, no, you wouldn't. The letter, you don't know where... Well, we do know where it is, Foster. Your apartment, 601 Terrace Boulevard. How did you find... Remember the last time you were here, Foster? You took great delight telling me how you were spending my money, nightclubs, a new car, a little side trip, you even joined the auto club.  No, you won't. I'll take this gun. Now, Foster, relax. It'll be over soon.  This time you're never coming back. With 200 valuable prizes to be given, there was scarcely room in my first announcement to mention even a fraction of the wonderful things you can win in Signal of the World. For instance, there'll be six Packard Bell television sets with latest type black picture tube plus distinctive Packard Bell picture mask for photogenic television enjoyment. And the superb 12.5 and 16 inch console models feature Packard Bell's unique concealed casters so you can move your television set with mere fingertip touch to most convenient viewing angle. And you can move your television set with mere fingertip touch to most convenient viewing angle. Ah, but this is only the beginning of the wonderful prizes in Signal's big $10,000 contest. Coming May 1st, there's O'Keeffe & Merritt's finest gas range with vanishing shelf and grill-o-vator broiler. Also, five solid gold case wristwatches by Hellbrose with 17-dual movement. Five makeup cases from Halliburton's famous line of featherweight aluminum luggage. One Westinghouse vacuum cleaner. Plus 50 Westinghouse pop-up toasters. And you can be sure if it's Westinghouse. Yes, these and dozens of other valuable awards mean you simply can't afford to miss the new Signal gasoline contest coming May 1st. So be sure to listen next Sunday when I'll have more details about Signal's big, exciting $10,000 contest coming May 1st. It's almost over now, isn't it, Gil? In a few minutes, Foster will be dead. Then you'll get rid of his body and using his key, you'll let yourself into his apartment in town. Find the letter and destroy it. You glance over at Vicki. She's smiling as she looks down on Foster. He's still alive, isn't he? But you're not going to delay another moment. With Vicki's help, you get him on his feet. Have Carrie and drag him down the hall. And then as Vicki opens the door... Hello? What? Who are you? Lieutenant Thompson, police department. I was just about to ring when you... Well, well, who's this? Foster, Ralph Foster. What's the matter with him? He's, uh... he's sick. Let's have a look at him, Sergeant. Right, Lieutenant? Look, uh... Poison. They poison me. What? Who, Foster? Who poisoned you? Hollister. His wife. Sergeant, you better call an ambulance. No, wait a minute. Never mind. Wouldn't do any good. Well, Mr. Hollister. Lieutenant, I don't know what he's talking about. Don't you? Funny. And we're here to protect you from him. What do you mean? We've been checking up on Foster ever since Mrs. Morgan down at the center told us about him. Mrs. Morgan? Seems she recommended him for a job with you folks a while back. Yes, that's right. Then Mrs. Morgan got to thinking maybe she'd made a mistake. Told us about it. We looked into the matter. Found that Foster here was wanted back east on a forgery charge. He was? Here's a sample of his work. We've already checked it. It's the letter supposedly written by Mrs. Bell Hollister.  Why, that's ridiculous. When we found it in Foster's apartment, we figured he was up to something and we came out here to warn you. That letter? You mean Bell didn't write it? No. This letter is an out and out forgery. Forgery? Yes. And it apparently had you fooled. But there's no fooling about your killing Foster. That whistle will be your signal for the signal oil program The Whistler each Sunday night at this same time. Brought to you by the Signal Oil Company, marketers of signal gasoline and motor oil and fine automotive accessories. Remember, it's coming May 1st. Yes, May 1st is the opening date of Signal's big new contest with 200 valuable prizes, including a new Buick, Frigidaire refrigerator, electric range, and home freezer, Packard Bell television sets, and many others. So be sure to listen next Sunday for more details about Signal's big, exciting $10,000 contest. Featured in tonight's story were Bill Foreman, Larry Dobkin, Robinson, Eleanor Audley, and Bill Conrad. The Whistler was produced and directed by George W. Allen, with story by Dick Anderson, music by Wilbur Hatch, and was transmitted to our troops overseas by the Armed Forces Radio Service. The Whistler is entirely fictional, and all characters portrayed on the Whistler are also fictional. Any similarity of names or resemblance to persons living or dead is purely coincidental. Remember at this same time next Sunday, another strange tale by the Whistler. Marvin Miller speaking for the Signal Oil Company. This is CBS, The Columbia Broadcasting System.


Okay, bingo, you know where you are now. It's Stink Tech Monday, my God. Another Monday. I'm Jay Fidel. This is Community Matters, and my special guest today is Tom Yamachika of the Hawaii Tax Foundation. So, it's so nice to see you come back and talk to us some more about what's going on in the square building, Tom. Yeah, well, thanks for having me on the show, Jay. So, we're going to talk today about tax bills, 2018 Hawaii Legislature. And I guess we should start out by identifying, you know, the tone and tenor, which is dependent so much on the Council of Revenues. What did they say? What does it mean? How should it affect the legislature? How is it affecting the legislature? Well, the Council on Revenues gave us some good news. They said that we're going to get more money than we anticipated. But that doesn't make up for two bad things that happen. One is, when the governor submitted the supplemental budget, it was already $200 million in the hole from the start. I mean, his budget was $200 million short. That's right. Spending $200 million. Why did that happen? How could that happen? Is that a typographical error? Or what? No. That's what they submitted. The administration was $200 million off. I think they intended that. They submitted that kind of budget and total legislature will fix it. Huh. That's interesting. I mean, you know, like it reminds me of Santorum's comment yesterday to the kids in school now. He says, you should learn CPR. And they said, well, what about Congress? Is Congress going to do anything about gun control? And he said, you should learn CPR because you're the first line of defense. And they said, the teachers involved said, CPR is not going to help a kid with 10 bullets in him. That's not going to do it. So what he's doing is passing off Congress's obligation onto the community and in fact potential victims. So here it sounds like, you know, the governor is passing off the obligation to balance the budget to the legislature or whoever is lobbying in the legislature. We have a constitutional requirement here that we have a balanced budget. And to me, it's just unconscionable that they give the legislature an unbalanced budget to start and basically tell them to fix it. That isn't usually the case. Is it? I would hope not. It sounds irresponsible. Just my reaction, yeah. And then after that happened, the actuary for the Employer Union Trust Fund came in and said, oh, you guys were using 2015 numbers? Well, it's 2018 and we're going to update your numbers for you. And by the way, the contribution that you owe this year is $50 million more than you planned. So we're down $250 million. And then, so even if COR, the Council on Revenues, came back with rules to your estimate, like maybe $70 million, $80 million, that's still, you know, you're starting from minus $250 million. Yeah. Well, putting it in perspective. I mean, I suppose in the federal system, $250 million is a fly spec, but not in the state system. What's the total budget? Is what? $12 billion, something like that? That's about it. Yeah. So this is a substantial part of it. Yeah. Anyway, so okay. It's not chump change by any means. No, it's never chump change, but in Hawaii it's even more precious. So the other thing that's on the deck that we should talk about, to sort of create the landscape here, is the Tax Reform Act that was passed in, what, late December, early January by the Trump administration, which, you know, we can talk about that in substance. But I guess the first thing is the conformity bill you mentioned when we spoke recently, conforming the state tax code to the change, whatever changes there are in the federal tax code. Yes. You just conformed. Right. Is that the same here? For the past 60 years, what we've been doing is conforming to the federal code, and that's for two reasons. One is, so for you and me who have to file tax returns, once we're done with the federal one, doing the state one is much easier if the laws regarding what you report and what you don't report or what you write off and what you don't write off are fairly similar. And by the same token, it helps the state because once the feds audit somebody and they send a report to the state, which they do, then the state can have an easier time figuring out if they're going to assess the same person for state tax as well because if the rules are the same, then somebody's underpaid federal probably has underpaid state. So as for the past 60 years, I guess it was the Hawaii Tax Office put in a bill to conform the state tax code with the federal changes in the Federal Tax Reform Act. How is that doing? Is there a suggestion it may not go the same way as it has in the past 60 years? Yes. The current version of the tax conformity bill, which of course started out with the tax department, is that we're not going to conform in several key areas. And you may or may not like this, but okay for individuals, for example, you remember how in the federal changes, they limited what you can write off, like they limited your home interest deduction for your mortgage, they limited your state and local taxes that you paid. They took away all of your 2% miscellaneous itemized deductions if you're so lucky to itemize deductions. But they gave you an increased standard deduction, which is a deduction that you can get without doing anything, just by being alive. And so there are tradeoffs and the feds drop the rate as well. So there are tradeoffs. Yeah, yeah, for eight years, which is what they needed to get it past the Senate rule. But what they are proposing on the state side is not to conform to any of that, so they would allow you to write off your mortgage interest, to write off your state tax expenses, to take your 2% itemized deductions, but for state tax purposes only. They can't control the feds. This creates a disparity in the way it works. The rules now would be different between the state and the fed. So for example, an audit on something that was involved in the federal tax reform act would not be valid as an audit point, if you will, for the state tax because the rules are different. Yeah, it would be easier to get out from an assessment by saying, well, geez, well, there are all these expenses that I have and I can take deductions on the state side. You didn't consider this, so you have to prove up that I don't have these deductions before you can assess me. Yeah. Well, there's a huge statement here, and I don't think it's limited to Hawaii. I have the sense, you may know more, that this kind of pushback on the federal government on the tax reform act is not just Hawaii, it's other people. It's the whole notion of California's action on sanctuary cities.  We're not going to enforce those things.  So the same thing here, I think people in the legislature on this issue and probably a lot of others, including immigration, they don't like what the federal government's doing, and they're going to do their own thing. And they're questioning whether the tax reform act is good fiscal policy, no? Yeah. But by the same token, what they are doing is they're picking up a lot of the business changes, right? So on the business side, they are eliminating write-offs for meals and entertainment, for example. The entertainment, yes, but the meals, they're going to leave at 50%. They are not picking up the rate reduction, right? Because the corporate tax on the federal side was 35%. They dropped it down to 21%. The state bill doesn't propose to change the corporate tax rate at all. I'm proud of them. You're proud of who? I'm proud of the state legislature for considering rejecting these changes. You can tell us how you feel about them, but I think the tax reform act, when it was just adopted in Congress, is really bad business, and it's another dump on the middle class, and it's very tricky, and it favors the big global multinational corporations and saves them a huge amount of money, and it doesn't really save us that much money. But tell me how you feel. We can agree or disagree. Yeah. Well, there are several things to hate, irrespective of which side of the fence you're on. You know, my personal feeling is that they should conform more, especially when it comes to tax relief for the middle class. I'm not opposed to them expanding the base so much if they reduce rates, but I think it is kind of, you know, kind of pilau if they pick up the base broadening without reducing it. Yeah, you're right. That didn't make you more money. Well, I suppose, yeah, we should reserve on that by saying it's the legislature trying to squeeze the public for a little more money, isn't it? That's what it looks like so far now. Keep in mind the legislature is only halfway over, and there's still a lot of time to go. Well, you're down there. I know you go there. I go there. And you check on all these tax bills, and thank God, Tom goes down there. So what's your sense of it, and who is standing shoulder to shoulder with you and taking similar positions about protecting the taxpayer, trying to keep a lid on taxes and spending? Who's with you? Are you a force, this community of people who watch over the legislative tax moves? No, I'm kind of a lone wolf out there most of the time. We should appreciate you for that. Yeah, howling in the wind. We should appreciate you for that. OK, well, on balance, if you say to the money committees and the legislature, no problemo, we've got a good report from the council on revenues, even if it's tempered by that $250 million or $280 million shortfall, they're going to feel a little more free in spending, aren't they? Do you see that? Do you see that they feel a little more free in spending? No, not at all.  Created by the 250. Created by the 250? Yeah. Well, OK, so what other bills are pending by which they're trying to fill it? And I really would like to hear your thoughts about gems, the green money, whatever it is, Bill. Yeah, now, let's kind of start with the theme that you proposed about what are they trying to do to fill it. There are several bills to raise the conveyance tax. So when you buy or sell property, the amount that is taken out. That's significant. Isn't that peanuts? It won't be. Well, how high is it going? There's one bill, for example, to add another dollar to properties over $2 million. $2 per? $100. So on $2 million, that's the best 20 grand. Wow. This is directed at high-end property transactions, maybe some of those high-end condos that are trading now these days. Right. $2 million is high, but it's not that much anymore. You know, Everett Dirksen, you know, a billion here, a billion there. After a while, it gets to be real money. Yeah. And after a while, we get to take a break. That's Tom Tom Yamachika of the Hawaii Tax Foundation. We're talking about what's going on midterm here in the legislature. Good, bad, and otherwise. We'll be right back after this break. Oh, my head hurts. Hi, everyone. I'm Andrea Gabrieli. I'm the host for Young Talent's Making Way here on Think Tech, Hawaii. We talk every Tuesday at 11 a.m. about things that matter to tech, matter to science to the people of Hawaii with some extraordinary guests, the students of our schools who are participating in science fair. So Young Talent's Making Way every Tuesday at 11 a.m. Only on Think Tech, Hawaii. Mahalo. Aloha. I'm Marcia Joyner. And I'm Beatrice Gantelho. And we have come in this series, young and old alike, to take a look at our past, your past, and the past that's not seen in history books. History books are his story. And what we refer to as mirrors of the past, but we as colonized people, indigenous peoples and people of Kola, look into the mirror and do not see ourselves there. On the ties that bind, we will examine those underlying causes. Please join us with the ties that bind on Wednesdays at noon twice a month. We look for you there. Aloha. Aloha. OK, we're back. We're live with the Tax Foundation of Hawaii, namely Tom Yamachika, who goes to the legislature representing our interests, tries to protect us, because we don't watch out on that, you know? Tax is the most important thing. Tax affects us all. Tax affects us all in our pocketbooks. Tax affects the economy. And most important of all, and I always harp on this, tax, whether you like it or not, whether you think of it or not as an incentive or disincentive for conduct, public conduct, the way you lead your life, the way you consume or not, tax has a huge effect on public conduct, public behavior, the direction of our state. So tax is really central as far as the taxing power is really big, really big. So I'm glad you're there. Let's talk about what was the next one? Harpta. Harpta. OK. Harpta, since we were talking about buying and selling property, and we talked a little bit about the conveyance tax, Harpta is withholding income tax on transactions of real property when they're sold by a non-resident. So the current law is that we withhold 5%, which makes sense because somebody who holds property and then sells it is probably going to be liable for some capital gains tax. The individual capital gains tax is 7.25%, but the person telling it will have some basis in the property, they would have wanted for something. It's a good guess, a reasonable guess. It's a reasonable guess. They want to change it to 9%. OK. So first on the 5% thing, suppose the guy takes the money and skips town. Suppose he's, you know, from offshore somewhere, right? And he owns the property, sells the property. Escrow is withholding 5%. In fact, it's 7%. And he's going back to the depths of Sri Lanka. How is the tax office going to get the other 2% from him? It doesn't. It doesn't. Yeah. It's very unlikely. OK. I mean, I just worry about the whole efficacy of that. There's some, it's a reasonable estimate based on the thought that, well, at least we wouldn't be completely out of pocket when he leaves town. Right. But in this case, now they're raising it to 9%. Why? Is it for the concern I expressed or something else? I think it's something else because a lot of the properties that get so turned out to be rentals. And so there's GT that's owed, there's TA, Transient Accommodations tax that's owed, and they scoop the income tax withholding to pay those, which I think isn't entirely honest, but that's apparently what they want to do. So that's that going on. Yeah. Will it pass? Something will pass, it seems. Maybe another percentage, perhaps. Yes. The percentage isn't nailed down yet, first the Senate passed out seven and a quarter, then they passed out nine, same bill, almost the same wording, but the percentage was different. So it doesn't have to go to the conference? Well, House hasn't acted. Oh, okay. Yeah. So are you taking a position on that? We're just offering comments like we always do. So you know, in the same vein, you have the REIT bill, the Real Estate Investment Trust Bill and Mike Fergus for years and years, putting that as a real estate investor here, putting that bill in on the thought that we had all these REITs in town who don't pay tax. A local entity in the same business doing the same activity would be paying income tax to the state of Hawaii, but not the REITs, because they under federal law conformed to a state of Hawaii law, that money goes up and away, and the individual REIT owners, stockholders, if you will, the interest holders. They're supposed to pay tax on dividends, but they don't because they're in other states. They're in other states, and they pay on their income, presumably in their own state and in the federal system, but they don't pay in Hawaii, and neither does the REIT pay. So the result is we're losing a lot of money to huge capital concentrations of shopping centers, big landowners, you know, all the big trusts sold off to REITs, but now the REITs hold large tracts of land, including developed and undeveloped land, all over the place, okay, and they're not paying income tax to Hawaii. Now, Fergus was introducing this bill for years. I don't know if it got introduced this year. I think it did. Yeah, there was a variant that got introduced this year because the, you know, the approach in Mike Fergus's bill was to tax the REITs, and this year's bill was focused on the shareholders. And the theory behind it was, okay, well, if we give the REITs a break, we've got to make the shareholders pay tax. So it was a withholding approach similar to what we do for S corporations. But where that one is at now is that Department of Tax is saying the cannon force it, the AG is saying it's unconstitutional. The AG of the state of Hawaii is saying it's unconstitutional. That's correct. But other states have provisions that tax REITs? No, they don't. Only New Hampshire. New Hampshire has it. Yeah, New Hampshire taxes the REIT directly. Yeah, so they got by a constitutionally challenged there, I'm sure. Well, I mean, there is really no challenge when you tax the REIT directly because it's the one doing business in your state. Right, simple. Yeah, that one's simple. Taxing the shareholders is a little tougher, but if we can tax S corporations, why can't we tax REITs? No reason why we can. Anyway, so it doesn't look like it's going to pass. Well, it needs to be on life support at this moment. Okay. On the same vein, we're talking about real property. Let's talk about Airbnb for a minute. There's been so much in the paper about that. What's the status of it? What does the bill say? What's the status? So this is another one that's very interesting because the governor budgeted $30 million or so coming out of the Airbnb bill. So they basically wanted the vacation rental platforms such as Airbnb, FlipK, VRBO, and so forth to collect and pay tax on behalf of the individual entrepreneurs who own these different units. But they've loaded up the bill with a lot of requirements. Like they need to get some clearances from the counties and if they don't, all kinds of bad things happen, including but not limited to the county can go after them to discourage the illegal profits. So they basically make the platform pay a large amount of money when it's really not their fault. It's the individual property owner who's not compliant with the zoning law. And how do you expect somebody like Airbnb to police that? But the net result is there are so many requirements for a voluntary compliance-type bill. Airbnb 401 has sent the money committees and the do-tax saying, okay, fine. If this is what you want, we aren't going to participate. We won't do it. So if you want $33 million, you've got to get it from somewhere else. That's what they said. This is what I call a mess. It is a mess. If you want somebody to do something voluntarily, there's got to be something in it for them.  So it's stuck. Yeah, it's stuck. It's not going to happen. At least so far. What position is the administration taking on this? They're supporting it. How about you? Me? We just give comments. But the comments that we're making are, look, if you want somebody to voluntarily sign this, sign on to this. No can do. Yeah, I mean, if you load it up with liabilities and challenges and pitfalls and stuff like that, who in the right mind would sign a paper? So it fails, which sounds like he's going to get stuck and fail. What's the result? Where are we then in terms of Airbnb? Same as we are now. We have individual entrepreneurs. We rely on them to, you know, be honest and follow the law. And, you know, sometimes they do, sometimes they don't. Last one that I can think of, maybe we can think of others too, but is the gems bill? Yeah. So the gems bill, it was at the end of the Abercrombie administration. And it was intended to help finance energy equipment on single-family homes, I think. That was a principal intention. And on profits, yeah. Okay. And people or companies that could not afford to get conventional financing. There was a bailout financing arrangement for people who couldn't otherwise qualify. And they raised $150 million with a bond offering, New York banks, and established a kind of infrastructure about how to make these loans. And I think it was scandalous that there were no loans made for at least a year. Not a penny was loaned to anybody. Yeah. I mean, they were following the same underwriting standards because they had to. They're fiduciaries. So if they didn't qualify for a loan and they came to gems, guess what? You know, gems declined them. Oh, sure. Because they were not qualified. Yeah. Surprise. Yeah. So for the longest time, gems had most of the $150 million is still intact. So what did the legislature do? They loaned it out for them. So in- I mean, they took it away. Yeah. In 2016, they passed a law that said, thou shalt loan $46.4 million to the Department of Education to help cool the schools. And by the way, DOE doesn't have to pay interest on it. Zero interest. Meanwhile, we, the taxpayers, have to pay interest because it's bonds. Right. We pay. But they don't pay. I don't get it. It's not taxpayers in general. It's the ratepayers because you and I and anybody who has an electric bill, we pay. We pay. Yes. And so what they want to do this year is they found that so edifying that they want to do more of it. So they want to sequester another $30 million from the Gems Fund and make it available to other state agencies at a scandalsily low interest rate of 3.50%. This is really funny, Tom. They're taking the money away. Little by little, there's going to be nothing left. They're going to sweep it all out of there. The original intention of the statute was it will not be met at all. It hasn't been, in my opinion. And, you know, it's just another one of those things where the legislature takes it from one and puts it in another. Despite the fact that the original intention was something else. Yeah. And there was, I also talk of using the Gems Money Defiance to fund some kind of rebate program. If they do that would certainly be in breach of the bond covenants. I mean, because the money is there to lend out not to give away. Yeah. Yeah. People forget. So interesting how the legislature forgets their original intention. I opposed this. I wrote a couple of articles in the Star Advertiser about it. I thought it was a bad idea in the first place. And guess what, Tom? I was wrong. I mean, it was right. I was right and they were wrong. I've written on it as well. Expressing probably similar sentiments. Well, the next time you look, there won't be anything left in the fund. But we still have to pay the 150 million back. That's right. OK. What else? You want to sort of characterize how things are doing right now? Again, the mood is, geez, we've got a budget hole and we need to fill it. So people are being told there's no money. I don't know whether the agencies and the unions and so forth are believing that. Because as you recall, they were told in 2016, I think it was, that, oh, we have a billion-dollar budget surplus. And the next month, they came to the union and said, oh, it's all gone now. So I'm not really sure if the administration has tremendous credibility with the unions right now. Meanwhile, we have all these unliquidated and unliquidated liabilities to pay, which we are really not paying very well. Yeah, we made these promises to our state workers and the retirees that A, we'll give them these pensions and B, we'll take care of their health expenses for life. Those are significant financial obligations. And they're growing. And they're growing. The liability, the we call it, the delinquency is growing. The unfunded liability is growing. Well, Tom, the session's not over. That's sort of good news and bad news, I suppose. And that means you'll have time to come back and talk to us again as it proceeds into the, you know, the ninth inning soon. Yeah, absolutely. I'll be happy to do that. Please. Thank you, Tom. Tom Yamachika, Tax Foundation of Hawaii. Yay.


U.S. Federal Communications Commission chair Jessica Rosenwurzel is announcing plans Tuesday to propose reclassifying broadband Internet providers as telecommunication providers, a.k.a. Title II. Oh, Sarah, it's like greatest hits. Remember this old tune from the 2010s? I do. In fact, yes, a news item we covered extensively back in the day. And apparently we are swinging right back. Somebody said when Wheeler did it and when Pi did it, that it would ruin the Internet. And in neither case did it ruin the Internet. But I'll tell you, what isn't good is constantly switching what the telecoms and everybody else have to deal with. And now Rosenwurzel would like to go back to reclassify them again. The initial vote on this proposal is now going to be scheduled for October 19th.


My name is Denea, and I'm from the Long Beach Public Library. Welcome to today's summer reading program, SRP for Short Baby Time. We're going to sing about the color of the day and have some fun, but don't forget, at the end of the story time, there will be a code to add to your Beanstack SRP. Before we start, I'll be using a shaker and bubbles today. So keep those handy and I'll let you know when we'll be using those. We'll be doing the hello song. And in the hello song, we're going to wave and sing hello. We're going to bounce and sing hello. And we're going to clap and sing hello. And we're also going to blow a kiss and sing hello. Can everybody blow a kiss? Good job. Okay, we're gonna start. We wave and sing hello. We wave and sing hello. With our friends at story time, we wave and sing hello. And now we're gonna bounce and sing hello, okay? We bounce and sing hello. We bounce and sing hello. With our friends at story time, we bounce and sing hello. And now we're going to clap. Let's clap our hands for our Beats. Okay, and you can clap their hands, use your hands too. Okay, we clap and sing hello. We clap and sing hello. With our friends at story time, we clap and sing hello. Good job. And now we're going to blow a kiss. Can everybody blow a kiss? We kiss and sing hello. We kiss and sing hello. With our friends at story time, we kiss and sing hello. Good job, everybody. It's time for us to do some stretching with our babies. So let's get our baby in position. They can either be on their backs or they can be on your laps. And we are going to bring their arms up. And we're gonna bring their arms out wide. And we're gonna bring it in. And let's bring it back up again.  And let's use your legs. Just bring the legs up and bring them out wide.  Good job. Or you can give them a tickle. Now that we did some good stretching, let us do head, shoulders, knees and toes. We're gonna sing this song twice. But let's point out the body parts and say it out loud for our babies, okay?  Okay, let's start. Head, shoulders, knees and toes, knees and toes. Head, shoulders, knees and toes, knees and toes. Eyes and ears and mouth and nose. Head, shoulders, knees and toes, knees and toes. Okay, let's do it again. Head, shoulders, knees and toes, knees and toes. Head, shoulders, knees and toes, knees and toes. Eyes and ears and mouth and nose. Head, shoulders, knees and toes, knees and toes. Good job. Okay, now we're gonna do aquebacca soda cracker. We're gonna do the song twice. The movements, we're gonna bounce our baby on her lap and we're gonna lean them forward. And in the first part, we're gonna give a hug. And in the second part, we're still gonna bounce. We're gonna lean forward. And we're gonna lift up the baby. Okay, so we're gonna start, let's get our baby bouncing. Okay, aquebacca soda cracker, aquebacca boo. Aquebacca soda cracker, I love you. Good job. Aquebacca soda cracker, aquebacca boo. Aquebacca soda cracker, up. Okay, let's do it again. Let's get our baby bouncing. Aquebacca soda cracker, aquebacca boo. Aquebacca soda cracker, I love you. Aquebacca soda cracker, aquebacca boo. Aquebacca soda cracker, up. All right, that was really fun. Today, we'll be singing a song about the color orange. We're gonna be singing the song twice. And I have my orange hat and the word orange is in the color orange. So we're gonna be spelling out the word orange. And we're gonna say, pumpkins are always orange. Oranges are always orange. And then we're going to spell out orange once again. So it's gonna be to the tune of the wheels on the bus. Okay, so let's start. O-R-A-N-G-E, O-R-A-N-G-E. O-R-A-N-G-E, orange is what that spells. Pumpkins are always orange. Oranges are always orange. O-R-A-N-G-E, O-R-A-N-G-E. That was really fun. Let's do that again, okay? So we're just spelling out the word orange. And orange is what that spells. And pumpkins are always orange. And oranges are always orange. And then we're gonna spell out the word orange again, okay? So let's start. O-R-A-N-G-E, O-R-A-N-G-E. O-R-A-N-G-E, orange is what that spells. Pumpkins are always orange. Oranges are always orange. O-R-A-N-G-E, O-R-A-N-G-E. Good job. I hope you had fun spelling and singing the song about orange. We'll be doing a song where we're gonna be swinging our baby and we're gonna bring our baby in for a hug. You can also do this movement by standing and you can have a greater motion when you're swinging the baby and you'll still bring in your baby for a hug, okay? So we're gonna start, we're gonna sing this song twice. Then the title is Swing Me Over the Ocean. Swing me over the ocean. Swing me over the sea. Swing me over the garden and have me home for tea. Okay, let's do that again. Swing me over the ocean. Swing me over the sea. Swing me over the garden and have me home for tea. That was really good. Our next song, we're gonna do one, two, three. Baby's on my knee. So we're gonna put our baby in our lap and we're gonna bounce our baby and when the rooster crows, we're gonna lift our baby because the way she goes, or he goes, okay? So he goes, one, two, three. Baby's on my knee. Rooster crows, ca-ca-do-do-do-do, and away she... Okay, so let's do that again. We're gonna do a bounce. Okay, one, two, three. Baby's on my knee. Rooster crows, ca-ca-do-do-do-do, and away he goes. Those are really fun swing songs and a bounce. I hope you enjoy those. Today, we'll be reading Old MacDonald Had a Farm by Nosy Crow. You can repeat after me when I'm done reading a part. Let's get started. Old MacDonald had a farm, E-I-E-I-O. And on that farm, he had a cow, E-I-E-I-O. With a moo-moo here and a moo-moo there. Here a moo, there a moo, everywhere a moo-moo. Old MacDonald had a farm, E-I-E-I-O. Old MacDonald had a farm, E-I-E-I-O. And on that farm, he had a pig, E-I-E-I-O. With a oink-oink here and an oink-oink there. Here an oink, there an oink, everywhere an oink-oink. Old MacDonald had a farm, E-I-E-I-O. Old MacDonald had a farm, E-I-E-I-O. And on that farm, he had some sheep, E-I-E-I-O. With a ba-ba here and a ba-ba there. Here a ba, there a ba, everywhere a ba-ba. Old MacDonald had a farm, E-I-E-I-O. Old MacDonald had a farm, E-I-E-I-O. And on that farm, he had a horse, E-I-E-I-O. With a nae-nae here and a nae-nae there. Here a nae, there a nae, everywhere a nae-nae. Old MacDonald had a farm, E-I-E-I-O. The end. Today, we read Old MacDonald had a farm by Nosey Crow. I have some puppet friends that wanna sing along with us. So we're gonna be singing Old MacDonald had a farm and I have three puppet friends that we're gonna sing about and make the sounds that they make. So we're gonna start with my friend, B. I want sound as a B make buzz. Very good, so let's start. Old MacDonald had a farm, E-I-E-I-O. And on that farm, he had a bee, E-I-E-I-O. With a buzz buzz here and a buzz buzz there. Here a buzz, there a buzz, everywhere a buzz buzz. Old MacDonald had a farm, E-I-E-I-O. Can you make the sound of the B again? Buzz, very good. Okay, so now it's time for me to bring out another friend. And this friend loves to run around the farm and it's a chicken. And what sound does a chicken make? It goes, bop bop, okay, you ready to sing it? All right, Old MacDonald had a farm, E-I-E-I-O. And on that farm, he had a chicken, E-I-E-I-O. With a buck buck here and a buck buck there. Here a buck, there a buck, everywhere a buck buck. Old MacDonald had a farm, E-I-E-I-O. Can you make the sound of the chicken again? Very good. Okay, so now it's time for my last pet. This one likes to purr and run around. It's very soft and it's a, okay, and what sound does the cat make? It goes meow. Okay, you ready? Okay, Old MacDonald had a farm, E-I-E-I-O. Cat, here a male, there a male, everywhere a male. MacDonald had a farm, E-I-E-I-O. Can you meow like a cat again? Good job. So now we're gonna do some shaker songs. We're gonna get a shaker. If you don't have a shaker, you can find anything that makes some noise that you can sing to. We're gonna sing the ABCs and then we're gonna do the Grand Old Duke of York. So we're gonna sing both of these songs twice. So let's get ready. Let's practice with a shaker. Let's shake it all around. Shake it really fast. Shake it really slow. And now we're gonna sing our ABCs, okay? A-B-C-D-E-S-G-H-I-O. I-J-K-L-M-N-O-P-Q-R-S-T-U-V-W-X-Y-N-Z. Now I know my ABCs, next time won't you sing with me. Next time won't you sing with me. I can't do it again, shake it all around. Shake it really fast. Shake it really slow. And now let's go. A-B-C-D-E-S-G-H-I-J-K-L-M-N-O-P-Q-R-S-T. R-S-T-U-V-W-X-Y-N-Z. Now I know my ABCs, next time won't you sing with me. Good job. And now we're gonna do the Grand Old Duke of York. And so he had 10,000 men. He marched them to the top of the hill and he marched them down again. And when they were up, they were up and we're gonna shake it. And when they were down, they were down. We're gonna bring it on down and shake it. And when they were only halfway up, they were neither up nor down. So those are the movements for the shaker song, okay? So are you ready? We're gonna do this one twice. Oh, the Grand Old Duke of York. He had 10,000 men. He marched them to the top of the hill and he marched them down again. And when they were up, they were up. And when they were down, they were down. And when they were only halfway up, they were neither up nor down. Good job. You ready? Let's do that again. Okay. Oh, the Grand Old Duke of York. He had 10,000 men. He marched them to the top of the hill and he marched them down again. And when they were up, they were up. Shake it. And when they were down, they were down. And when they were only halfway up, they were neither up nor down. Good job. We'll be doing the itsy bitsy spider and we're gonna take our finger and our thumb. We're gonna put it together and we're gonna climb it on up. And we're gonna do this twice, okay? So let's start. The itsy bitsy spider went up the water spout. Down came the rain and washed the spider out. Out came the sun and dried up all the rain. And the itsy bitsy spider went up the spout again. Can't wait to do it again. Let's get our finger and our thumb. Bring them together and we're gonna climb it on up. Okay. The itsy bitsy spider went up the water spout. Down came the rain and washed the spider out. Out came the sun and dried up all the rain. And the itsy bitsy spider went up the spout again. It's time for some bubbles. I hope you're ready. And you have your bubbles ready to go. I have two songs for you. We counting our bubbles. We're gonna do one little, two little, three little bubbles. And then there we're gonna sing there are bubbles in the air. And there are bubbles in your hair. So we're gonna start. So let's get our fingers ready and our bubbles. So let's start blowing our bubbles. And have them all floating around us. And then now we're gonna count. Okay, let's start. One little, two little, three little bubbles. Four little, five little, six little bubbles. Seven little, eight little, nine little bubbles. 10 little bubbles go. Pop, pop, pop. Good job, let's blow a little bit more. Ooh, those ones are big. And then we're gonna do there are bubbles in the air. There are bubbles in the air. There are bubbles in the air. There are bubbles in the air. There are bubbles in your hair. There are bubbles in the air. Good job, let's blow some more. And missing this last song again. There are bubbles in the air in the air. there are bubbles in the air, there are bubbles in the air, there are bubbles in your hair, there are bubbles in the air. Good job everybody. I hope you enjoyed today's story time and I look forward to seeing you guys again soon but don't forget there's a code at the end of the story time to add to your Beanstack summer reading program. Keep reading!


Today I'm going to show you how to take an image and optimize it for laser engraving using only one program to get really cool results like this. My name is Jim and this is The Edge of Tech. Now when you're going to laser engrave a picture you want to make sure it's optimized for the laser otherwise it looks kind of crazy. As you've seen in some of my other videos we've done this with many other programs but today I'm going to show you how to do it only with light burn. Light burn is super powerful it does a ton of things and one of the cool features it has is to adjust images right inside a light burn. Now I'm going to show you where to find the tool and how to use it in today's video let's do it. So the first thing you want to do is get light burn open like we have here then you want to go and open your picture so I'm going to double to click this one right here which brings in a huge picture of my son and I and this is a project we're going to do for my wife Lindsey. I'm going to shrink this down to about nine so it's much more manageable and I did that by going up right here to the width and I entered the width I wanted I'm going to scroll this down and scroll it in so the actual size I want to burn on this is eight by eight so what I'm going to do is actually go here and grab a square come to the bottom and choose the T1 this is right here this isn't a layer like a burn layer this is actually a tool layer and I'm going to make a square and that didn't work so we'll click T1 again and then I want to unlock the box up here click the little cursor here and it'll have my square highlighted I want to make this the size of the burn I want which is eight by eight and I'm going to grab that and bring it down here and lock this just like that so this cannot change anymore we have an eight by eight picture and I know that I want to fill this eight by eight because that's the size we're going to use for the burn now I made my picture a little bit too small so I'm going to click the picture in the background here I'm going to go to height and I'm going to go eight and hit enter so now what that does if I pull back on my mouse wheel it scrolls it out that brings the height of the picture to eight and you can come up and it'll snap in once you get close so once you have your orange square in here because that's the square we're going to use you can if you want you can adjust the picture through here kind of wherever you want it in my case it's not bad right there but I'm going to do some more in a second now I'm going to click here and highlight the whole project the square and the picture I'm going to right click and apply mask what that does is show you a crop and if I click out of everything I can click in the center and drag my picture around until I'm happy with that crop do I want to see more of this side do I want to see more of this side I'm probably going to go more like this so I get a little more of my son in there and a less of my arms on the left there okay so once I'm happy with that picture I know it's eight by eight it's in the size I want to do I want to right click and choose flatten so now that incorporated the picture into that square so now we are cropped if you're getting value out of today's video please hit that like button below to help share it with the rest of the community it really helps the video and the channel now back to it now I want to click the picture so it's highlighted right click and adjust image this is the whole reason why we're here today this is such a cool feature in light burn I'm going to make it a little bit bigger so you guys can see it better so I have been testing on scrap pieces of wood and I know the settings I want to use but I want to walk through these real quick with you just so you can kind of get an idea on the left side is going to be the original on the right side is going to be how it's going to burn so you can choose all the different types of burns here with the pictures you can use a Jarvis if you want a Stucky you can dither it if you'd prefer to dither it in our case you can do a newsprint as well which is just like dot or not it's kind of just like a newspaper is printed I guess that's the best way to say it in my case I'm going to use half tone and that kind of looks like this I'm actually using my CO2 laser my diode laser is in the process of being reset up I moved it and I don't have it set up so in this case I'm going to use the CO2 laser which I know does not have the same amount of resolution as my diode does but that's okay so currently I have my cells per inch just out to 80 oops if you hit enter it'll close that window so don't do that you can change this you can do 40 you can do more you can do less what it does if I zoom in you can see this it's takes how many cells are actually per inch so if I make this 90 you'll see a whole bunch more dots go in there and if I make it less like 60 the dots are a lot less or bigger in those areas so basically it adds a whole bunch of dots inside each square inch I believe I tested at 75 I'm going to use the angle at 22 and a half some people change this to 45 which just change the angle of the dots as far as how they burn I'm going to leave it at 22 and a half because that's what I tested on the line interval here this is going to set your line interval and your dpi I know with my CO2 laser 0.1 is fine I can go probably a little bit less than that and be okay too I'm going to use 0.1 I know that on my diode laser though not my CO2 laser my diode laser I usually use something like 315 dpi which is 0.081 but my CO2 laser just doesn't have the resolution for that so I'm going to leave it at dpi of 254 or 254 and a liner of 0.1 now we get to the fun stuff so your contrast your brightness your gamma what is all that well if you play with these sliders you can see if I slide this way up it gives you a whole different look your contrasts your blacks and your whites all together if I bring this back down you can kind of see it gives you more of the grays and the shading I know there's more technical terms but this is just a quick tutorial to get you rolling and learn how to use this image adjust tool I believe I've been testing at is 11 as far as the contrast I've been playing with the brightness a little you can make your image much brighter you can make your image much darker if you want I'm going to leave it at zero the gamma same thing you can play with that and kind of get a whole different look and my suggestion is check it out see what look you're going for maybe do a bunch of test burns to see which one you like the best and then we have what's the enhanced radius over here so this is kind of like your sharpness you can turn the sharpness way way up and then you can actually pull some in or you can bring the sharpness way down and kind of give it a mix what I like to do in the testing I did is I did a nine sharpness and I believe I did a 50 enhance so you can see it's a little sharper but it's not crazy again I'm using my CO2 laser so you know don't want to get too detailed otherwise I won't see it when you're all done with your settings you just want to hit the okay button here and that will save all of these to the layer you selected on your picture so if you didn't select a layer yet on your picture I'm using layer 10 it's just what I've been using for testing you can use one two it doesn't really matter which one you use if you right click and go to adjust image and just double check everything is the same and it is hit it okay if you change your layers once in a great while those settings will change it usually doesn't but you never know so now we're good now the only thing you have left to do here is select your power and speed here I did a bunch of testing I know that I want my max power set at 50 my men power set at 15 and that's that so once you have your speed and your powers done everything else is right here that we did the image the cells the half tone angle the number of passes we're only going to do one and this is going to be all set up I highly suggest when you get your picture dialed in make this image much smaller like two inches by two inches or something and do a couple tests on a piece of wood and you'll kind of get an idea of what your picture is really going to look like and then blow it up and do it on a big project like we're going to do here so one other cool thing if you right click go to preview it's going to show you what your project is going to look like it's going to show you where everything is going to burn in here if you zoom way in with your wheel there if I zoom back out it's kind of going to give you an overview also it looks like this is going to take me 25 minutes to do and that's eight by eight now this is pretty fast it's on the co2 laser on a dial laser this would be much much slower but that's okay because you get a lot higher resolution on the diodes you can actually hit play here and see how everything is going to move and how it's going to burn if you want to watch the whole thing you can grab your slider and slide it up and just kind of watch how everything is going to burn in there I'm just going to hit okay at this point it is ready for me to send it to the laser so I'm going to go get my piece of wood aligned and shoot it right over to that laser if you need to know how to align your piece there's going to be a video up in this area so after this video go ahead and jump on and watch that one so I'm going to go start this burn and we'll be right back with the results and through the magic of video boom there it is like you saw in the first shot of the video this is a piece of hard maple and this is how it turned out now it's not too bad a little dark up in my eye area so I can work on settings there I have tested this quite a bit I made some mistakes on the back here and I tested it on a small piece of wood with a whole bunch of different settings I even did a square grid over here for power and you can see here I did a bunch of spiders too well here's the deal I have never done a big picture on wood before I know there's a bunch of wood hacks that make these even look better and those will be coming up in the future I cannot wait to test those but overall this is not a bad thing I think this is a great start to learning the image adjusting tool in light burn and if you play with it you can get some really really cool things I mean the details are here you can even see the tattoo on my arm over here which is really cool I just need to lighten up my side over here so you can see my face a little better and I'm definitely going to learn that the image adjust tool will be great for pretty much any images you do whether it's on wood canvas coasters anything you do and I just wanted to give you guys a quick demonstration of how to use it I'm actually going to take this picture drop it in the CNC cut it out in a heart shape and give it to my wife Lindsey because I think she'll love this this is just one of the many things that light burn does it's such a cool tool it's such a powerful tool and if you haven't seen this one right here you definitely want to check that out because that is an awesome project


The authors of this paper argue that the optimal design of health systems in low and middle income countries should be based on evidence regarding the level of the health system that is best suited to delivering surgical care and ensuring patient safety. They suggest that surgery-related maternal complications may require immediate surgical intervention, making it necessary to prioritize facilities that have the capacity to provide such care. This article was authored by Sanam, Rotor2One.


The travel advice from the UK government was basically stick to the main roads, don't head into the rural countryside because there are some areas where they're pretty much entirely controlled by the cartel. We should have checked the Google Maps, we didn't check it, because on Google Maps we're at the moment on a white road even, it's not even a yellow road, and now we have to ride one hour on these small roads. Yeah, I do not like this at all. Good morning world, welcome back to the channel, it's day number 379 on our circumnavigation around the globe, by motorcycle, good morning Bumblebee. Good morning, we're here in a little campground just next to the small town of Angahuin, and last night we camped very close to one of the world's youngest volcanoes, Paracutin, which is just over that way. A cute baby volcano, we had a really really promising night here actually, camping, it's dark, it's quiet in the nature, but there was actually a festival going on. Actually it's still going on now, you can hear it in the town of Angahuin, but actually it started off over there, and then it sort of migrated this way and actually ended up in this campground and basically went on for the entire night. People were singing and chanting and screaming, it was a really really crazy night. We asked the security guard here at the campsite and he said it was something to do with the gobernador, like the governor, so it was some sort of maybe political rally or something, but it was one hell of a party, but we did manage to get a bit of sleep and it is time to hit the road again, so let me show you guys the route for today. So we are here and today we're going to be heading back to the 15D Toll Road because our mission is to take this road north, north, north, north, north because our new mission is to reach the town of Los Moches to take a ferry across to the Baja California Peninsula. It's a little bit sad that we have to head back to the 15D Toll Road, but after checking on the UK government website about the travel advice here in Mexico and the security situation regarding cartel activity, armed conflict and robbery, the travel advice from the UK government was basically stick to the main roads, don't head into the rural countryside because this is where the security forces have limited access to and limited control and apparently there are some areas where they're pretty much entirely controlled by the cartel and we don't really want to be encountering that and having to deal with that on our journey. We had a check on Ioverlander and even in this region there is a warning which is about 30 miles away from here and it says armed men. I tried to cross a dam during the evening, a black truck with four armed men in the back, backed up to the north side of the dam. They did not signal me in any way, they immediately began shooting at me with rifles across the dam and this is about 30 miles from where we are right now. Yeah and just imagine us trying to turn around with Bumblebee, we would probably drop it straight away and then we wouldn't be able to pick it up, ask the guys, hey guys, can you help us pick it up? Our original plan was to take more back roads and try to see a little bit more of the countryside of Mexico, but after seeing this and the travel advice it just seems like the best option for us is to head back to the main highway, the 15D and this road really is the safest way for us to make our way across Mexico because we have still a long way to go. So it's about 15 hours to the ferry port to Baja California, we don't know exactly how far we can get today, but we will try to get as far as we can, it's already 7.15 and we need to pack up everything, so better hit the road, let's go.  There it is, Paracutin, 450 meters tall, born in 1943. Yeah and you can see quite nicely as well the lava field here. Yeah and just about in the background the church that we went to visit yesterday, half engulfed in molten lava, pretty insane, beautiful. All right let's turn this baby around, oh yeah, oh look at that turning circle, oh that was tight, the first time I've been able to do a circle that tight I think. I do wonder if I took an adventure motorcycle course if I would just be terrible or if I've actually like learned something on this trip so far. Maybe we'll find out one day. Yeah all right say goodbye to the least peaceful forest camp of our lives. Let's rock and roll. Rock and roll then.  Throw some volcanic sand in there for good measure and you've got yourself a good old adventure in the morning. Anyway it looks really charming here actually, it looks like a little bit frozen time. It really does with all the horses here, yes except they didn't have horses 500 years ago I think. Where's the sound coming from? I don't know this chanting was going on for a long time yesterday, not just one but multiple people chanting. They're having really nice dresses here though, the ladies they're wearing really nice stuff. It's a charming little town that really knows how to party. Really we thought we are going back to the big road but apparently we have to wind our way through some small roads first for like an hour or something. Stick to the main road, don't head into the rural countryside. Yeah I didn't realize that the highway was so far away, I'm not totally happy about that. Yeah no one's like on every corner like oh my god is there something? I don't know maybe I read too much. I think you did actually even now I'm a little bit paranoid. Anyway let's hope for the best hey? I guess at all. We should have checked the google maps though, we didn't check it because on google maps we are at the moment on a white road even you know it's not even a yellow road and now we have to ride one hour on these small roads. Yeah I'm sure we will make it, it's just in our heads you know we're just relaxing our heads. Yeah so we made it back to the main road and we just stopped to the first petrol station that we could find just to sit and chill out for a minute and when we fuelled up they gave us a free coffee with our fuel up. It's pretty good. Jackpot! Oh my god that was probably the most stressful hour on the bike we've had, probably for the whole trip. I mean I don't know it was probably all just in our heads but I felt like every village that we were going through nobody was smiling everybody was sort of looking at us it was such a strange atmosphere. From the people and from us maybe it was like we both just didn't fit together at this time because we drove through and we just saw people like looking at us not in a friendly way. Like what are you doing here this is not the place for you that kind of feeling I was just like oh my god just get to the main road.  Like I said it was probably just in our heads but regardless I'm really happy that we're back on a bigger road and that we're going to be heading to the highway after this. What do we learn from it? We have to check google maps we can't trust it. Don't just be like start go. Anyway we made it. 25,999.9 We just hit 26,000 miles on the road. Here we go payage number one of the day and we're looking at 58 pesos for this one so that's like three pounds just under three pounds. Yep sounds all right to begin with but how many more are they going to be today? One two three four five. Okay gracias. So here we go coming on to the 15D highway super highway our home for the next couple of days. Yes because this highway will take us all the way to the ferry port in like 627 miles. Okay we have to fix it. Okay so we just had to stop on the side of the highway because our panya is snapped here. Yeah broken. Oh yeah yeah. We can just put a string around there. Okay yeah. Oh there you go look at that. You did very very well piece of metal for after all this time. Okay so yeah we'll loop a string through both. Okay just taking a break here in the shade at a petrol station on the highway. Guess what we're having for lunch? Tortilla. Tortilla and beans. So we've got inside here some refried beans mayonnaise hot sauce onion peppers cheese I think that's about it and you wouldn't believe it but we're almost getting through our stack of tortillas probably only have about I think seven left but you know what it's been quite a few times we've had this same meal and I'm still not sick of it. I still love tortilla. Have you seen a road in one of our episodes that you'd love to ride but don't know where it is or are curious about exactly which route we take in each of our daily rides? Well let me introduce you guys to our interactive route map. Our interactive route map is where we upload every day of our ride around the world and what's so cool about it is you can click anywhere on the route and it will tell you which day of the ride it was and give you a link to the episode from that day so you can see where you might want to ride. Wow absolutely stunning really absolutely stunning here and we're not. Follow the link in the description below to dive in and hopefully it can help you to start to plan your own overland adventures and now back to the video. We have entered Pineapple territory. Yeah they are literally growing them all over the hills around here and they're growing them even on the side of the highway. They're using pretty much every little square meter they can find to grow pineapple here. Yeah they're literally growing them right up to the edge of the road which is absolutely incredible. Oh wow wow yeah there are a lot of fires going on here. Because it's a long ride and Ollie was like let's go and get some pizza. Nice suggestion. I don't remember suggesting that. You suggested that. Thank you Pizza Hut for the afternoon pick me up. So there was a really nice pizza and we checked as well where we can stay for the night and we found one place which is about one hour from here because it is actually already 4 30 and the sun is setting at 6 30. So I think the town is called Rosa Morado. We just found this place on Ioverlander. They said it's somewhere between 350 for the night which is like between 15 and 20 pounds a night. So let's hope it's 15. But yeah it's been an incredibly long day. A lot of highway riding with the stress in the morning of going through what turned out to be just pleasant countryside. So yeah I'm definitely definitely looking forward to finishing the day and hopefully getting a good night of rest. Yes because for some reason we are still both sick as well. Yeah just lacking like a lot of energy today. Yeah oh yeah well it's just for an hour more today and then hopefully tomorrow we'll get the second half of this ride done and get to that ferry. Gracias. Gracias. Last day of the day hey. Here we go coming into Rosa Morada. Oh what a beautiful welcome sign look at this. Yeah that's a nice mural. Very pleasant. We have to go over the train track here. Yeah apparently that's the way into town. Okay. It's like oh god. Okay that was a bit a little bit dodgy wasn't it. Well super dodgy here. Oh there's the guard dog in town. Okay there's always a guard dog. Oh the hotel is just here. Hotel Catalina. Yeah yep. Okay There we go. Hola. Buenas. Esta una habitación para una noche. Cuanto costa para oh it's 450. How much is 450. I think the prices might have gone up a little bit since I overlanded. 20 pounds. Okay. Estacionamento para la moto. Okay perfecto. Gracias. Oh no it's a little baby around there. Oh oh yes. There we go. Got a room. Aha whoa little puppy. Look they got a trampoline. Big one as well. Good evening guys. We made it exhausted and alive and happy as well. Yes we're here in the little roadside pit stop town of Rosa Morado and we have air conditioning. And a fan. Yeah actually our bike recorded 36 degrees today again so it was really really really hot. We've come down from the mountains we're back down at sea level everything's gone tropical again and everything's gone hot. It was like freezing last night almost and here it's like the mid 20s so our bodies are like what's going on guys. What are you doing. But we made it we're here we are about halfway to the ferry at Los Moshis so we have to just see tomorrow how the day goes and whether we can make it for the night ferry tomorrow night over to Baja California. So we just added up our tolls for the day and it's 25 pounds. It's a bit more than I was expecting to be honest. Pretty expensive tolls. We might even consider maybe taking some B roads tomorrow. Stick to the main roads. Don't head into the rural countryside. And that's it from us today we hope you enjoyed the video if so please give us a thumbs up subscribe to the channel share the video with your friends and family comment below and we will see you next time.


In this tribute about Connor, I'd like to say that he was probably one of the most diverse friends I've ever had and probably one of the closest people that I could ever get to know.  He made everyone feel more comfortable around him. Everyone felt like they were safe around Connor. He was someone who was so fearless in everything he did, especially when it came to his friends and people that he cared for, which was almost everyone he ever crossed paths with, if not everyone. He brought everyone together, whether it was guys and girls, people with all disabilities of all orientations, he wanted everyone to be together in this. He made everyone feel like his best friend and no matter what other people thought of you anything, he treated you like your family. He was your brother. He loved him. I'm gay and I came out when I was 17 and Connor was the first person that I came out to. It took a really long time He would always send me videos of people coming out of the closet on YouTube and saying how much better it'll be and saying Andrew just just do it people let me more and Connor was the first person that I finally told and I know I'm not the first person that told Connor I was gay and came out of the closet and I think To be the first person is something that's really special and the fact that Connor had that with so many other people it's just amazing and I'm so grateful that how Connor in my life About a week ago. I was talking to his roommate from WSU and His roommate said to me. I can't I just know I'll never be touched like I like I was Again by anybody else and so I asked him why Brendan why is this you know people are saying this to me Can you please explain to me how he touched you and so he wrote me this? He said because he accepted everyone for who they were flaws and all He understood that people were weird strange different and he didn't just tolerate those quirks He loved people for them and seeing him love so many people unconditionally helped me See that it's completely. Okay to laugh at myself and that being weird and strange is sometimes more than just okay By loving friends and strangers alike Connor showed me that that least of all I am able to love myself And I can never think of enough for that


In 2003, a landmark study was published in the journal Carcinogenesis. Now we've known plant-based diets, rich in fruits and vegetables, can prevent development of several chronic age-related diseases, including cancer. But why? Well, the mechanism behind this protective effect is not clear. We know whole plant foods are rich in antioxidants, which are capable of decreasing oxidative damage to DNA, and thus might prevent mutation in cancer. But what about our second line of defense against oxidative DNA damage, DNA repair? We're going to get some DNA damage in our world, no matter how healthy our diet. So it's critical to find ways to up-regulate our DNA repair enzymes to better assist with stitching our DNA back together again. So how about we give people some kiwi fruits on and off for a few weeks and see what happens? Why kiwi fruits? Because it was funded by the International Kiwi Fruit Association. You've got to get funding from somewhere. First, what happened to the level of DNA damage? Each symbol represents the DNA damage measured in one person. So day zero, no kiwi fruit. The W-O means without kiwi fruit. And you can see they start out all over the map, right? Maybe some were smokers or sat in traffic, who knows. But then here they go on one kiwi a day.  Now it wasn't completely consistent on every day for every person, but you can kind of get a sense that, you know, the times without the kiwi fruits, DNA damage tended to go up. And indeed that's what the statistical analysis found, a significantly less DNA damage on the days they were eating kiwi fruits. Note that it didn't seem to matter how many kiwis they were eating, though. They seemed to get the same benefit whether they were eating one or three. Kiwi fruits have antioxidants, so no wonder there was less DNA damage. But once you already have DNA damage, can kiwi fruit help with DNA restoration? So this is our first line of defense, right? The antioxidants and plant foods. Now on to our second line of defense, DNA repair. This is measuring DNA repair rates, level of DNA repair off kiwis, on kiwis, off kiwis, on two kiwis, off kiwis, on three. Now although it appears the three kiwis did better than one or two, statistically all three kiwi doses appeared pretty much the same, suggesting there's some sort of plateau effect. Maybe there's just some phytonutrient in kiwis that boost this DNA repair enzyme system. And it's just really a matter of whether or not you have it in your bloodstream, rather than how much of it is there. What would be interesting is if you added a different fruit or vegetable on top of the kiwi, with a whole different portfolio of phytonutrients, would they complement one another, or would it just be a plateau across the board? We didn't find out until recently, and we'll look at that study in tomorrow's video.