You two team keep it clean. What's going on? It's another episode of NFL question from subs Seriously, you can ask any question you want and we answered in the video just like this It's been a long time since we've been able to drop one of these because Ravens have had so much Continuing to go on and who knows when you're gonna see this video. I'm recording this on January 29th No, 28th, I see I got my days all mixed up because just Ravens just been crazy with so much But anyway, if you want to be part of it You can send me an email to team keep it clean at gmail.com or for the patrons And this is going to be a patron only episode in this one But for the patrons you can send it directly on patreon team keep it clean. I love y'all I appreciate y'all we got some questions that we've been meaning to get to for a long time So let's do it first question came from a guy feel he said now that McDonald is our defensive coordinator I know defensive in Aiden Hutchinson who have 14 sexes projected to go in the top 1 2 3 4 5 of This year's draft, but do you think that the Ravens would make the move at 14 to select Michigan's other past Russia? David Ajabo who had 11 sex and a QB hits if he was to fall to number 14 He would be a great fit with away. What are your thoughts a lot of disagreeing with me on Facebook on perhaps making this move in the First round, maybe they don't understand Bowser tore his Achilles week 18 And may not be ready to play at the beginning of next season and that is very very true So this has as soon as the Ravens made it official with Mike McDonald Lot of people were on this they were like hey these two they went to high school together Of course all them pictures start servicing or what a dog fail way with the little baby twist They I don't think those were dreads yet. They probably ain't even locked in yet but anyway um a Pat past rush a past Russia Is a very important part of what the Ravens need moving forward now? Of course, we know they need to build that line around Lamar Jackson. They need to build it like crazy They need to really invest in that again Ronnie Stanley bonus Joanne James bonus you obviously hope you can get both of them back healthy But they are bonuses you can't fully count on them and you need to have a plan So, you know Ravens a lot of times when they Zig when well people expect them to zig they end up zagging and the draft is no different They do a lot of BPA And I don't expect it to be any different this year Of course, you got to mix in best play available with need as well But yeah, Bowser is gonna be out most likely. This is not confirmed But most likely ain't gonna be ready at the beginning of the season. So we'll see But even still even if Bowser was coming back you still pernil make fee possible free agent Who else as far as defensive in Derek Wolf, you're not really expecting to get another bonus I don't expect him to be on a team though, but we'll see what they do Daylan Hayes. Hey, we'll see Daylan dip Hey, we was hoping that we'd be able to see that dip But they stashed him and then he came back and then he really got here But anyway, um a job, oh, I am a lot of people put me on To what happened with them because they said a hugison in a job Oh, well, nobody talking about them before Mike McDonald got there Nobody was talking about them before they were definitely weren't projected to be first-round picks and then they said, oh Mike McDonald showed up and now both of them could be going by in the top 10 is a possibility Both of them could be going in the first round either way and that that says a lot About his impact on that defense But that would be interesting And I would not be surprised if Ravens made a move like that now It it of course all depends on how the draft will fall it will depend on who's available It depends on how high they had him ranked, but he is somebody that I believe is very Raw when it comes to football just like a doubt fair way though a doubt fair way he played for like Five he had like five years of football experience And I think with a job. It's the same way. He got like four or five years of football experience So very young doesn't mean he can't do the job But just very young and inexperienced, but obviously got experienced with Ravens new defensive coordinator So if they were to get him Um Yeah, well, I wouldn't be mad at that it just depends on what the what else they do and on the offensive line Cuz you you got to do a lot there man. You really do you especially at tackle Especially a tackle at God's you straight a sinner You're straight either way in my opinion whether it's both been a Tristan Cologne can steal but at tackle You're hoping that guys are healthy, but you you gotta like fix that and again with Patrick McCary, too I feel like he should be sort of a backup option I feel like you can like he can be a starter and you could do okay You could do fine with him there, but I even feel like they should invest in right tackle as well again. Joanne J bonus Bonus so I wouldn't be opposed if they did it, but it also just depends on what what else they do in the draft I keep hearing from people that Aidan Hutchison. He's more like solid Then a job always And I mean Ravens they definitely ain't getting him He'll be out of there. He'll be long gone by the time the Ravens draft Even if they decided for some crazy reason, which I don't expect them to but even if they decided to trade up Yeah, he'll be long gone because people know it's it's a passing league And you need past rushers. You need quality past rushers So we'll see how this thing ends up next question came from my guy Jay Frank He said what's good bro? Hope you in the family doing well appreciate it He said with the expected hiring of McDonald I can't help but think about the what-if even though McDonald was always a candidate I don't think the other scheduled interviews were just for show or really I do but okay Let's see what you got to say my friend. I think the other candidates were real options But instead of the front office keeping the fire under harb's they let him off the hook and gave him an extension What did he do not even a week after his extension where before it seemed like he was gonna turn a new leaf for this hiring process Harb's goes right back to hiring his boys. I don't want to condemn McDonald too early But I wonder how much Harb's extension played into this expected hiring. That's a Really good question and I think that was a big part of it because with with Harbaugh's contract extension That shows that the Ravens Well expected expected contract extension because it's not official yet But that will show that the Ravens are like a we locked in with John Harbaugh And if you're gonna come be a defensive coordinator here We want you to be locked in with us too. It's not just a one-year thing Even though it's a possibility that it could be a one-year thing if he does good enough and team see that it's like this young guy By the end of this next by the end of next season He'll be 35 and it'll be like whoa this 35 year old defensive coordinator He came in with the Ravens and he did all this work and it went like that. Wow. Okay. Hey, we want him to be a head coach But if you have a head coach just sitting there in one year status Then you could be like, oh, he might get fired and the whole staff might get fired. Do I really want to go there? That's all I think it was the next question came from a boy. Oh, Lou. He said, what's up, sir? Hope all is well Mike McDonald is all guy not crazy about it But don't be surprised if David a job will falls to us Well, he's still you have to fall to the Ravens unless Ravens went up and grab the book We'll see that's the other rush in from Michigan. I'm not fair way in a job We went to the same high school both a similar in size could be interesting They know each other both are very raw messy I wish I should have read this question first. He's saying everything that we were saying to both are very raw But if worked right could be a crazy force I still like a DB if it's the kid from Cincinnati or the defensive tagger from Georgia So you're talking about sauce and Jordan Davis, I think in the first But I can totally see us going for the Michigan kid Daxon Hill is another name that I wouldn't be surprised if we snagged him in the later round He's a defensive back. What do you think about the hire and do you think he will keep most of the guys already? In the coaching stable I think he will reason being because he came from this coaching stable. He came from the Ravens It's not like this is really an outside hire Uh, he went to Michigan for a year, but he had been with the Raven since 2014 So I wouldn't expect him to come in and be the defensive coordinator and be like, all right. All y'all boys gots to go I mean sometimes sometimes people do do that though Some some people do do that you get them that power and they be like, all right Yeah, I used to be with y'all, but I got the power now y'all can go. Bye But I I wouldn't expect him to um, but hey, you never know. He might want to bring on his own guys Uh, but I just I don't see it happening though because he's again, he's been working with those guys from 2014 Been with the team for a while. So I don't really see in him making Very significant changes to the staff anything like that next question came from my guy more and he said Why don't the Ravens listen to the fans? Oh, okay. He said, I know we fans get hot and we act like we know more than they do But so but so things are so simple To me Well, we all said that the Raven should have started bozeman at center position But for the Ravens, I feel like that never moved him to or they never moved him just to spite us And they were forced to move him to center. Uh, and wouldn't you know it the fans were right? And that would be about like them playing a lot of guys out of position And them having struggles at the center position and then they just kept on wondering why what's going on But it's all good and work works out in the long run for the red Well in the short run for the Ravens because he did a good job overall But in long run it works out for bozeman because he can get that bread. Anyway, um I've been a big hardball fan, but I 100 percent agree with you Keep hardball if he's willing to change his philosophy If not, hey appreciate all that you've done But we need to part ways this rotating players every play has to stop This is why we get so many silly penalties because people are moving so much They don't know when they are supposed to come in and come out of the lineup You need to get the ball to our playmakers not just have them block 80 of the game It's like what was the point of drafting bateman if you weren't going to use him Why not draft an offensive lineman? They're not throwing shade. I'm not throwing shade at bateman But this coaching staff, uh with his lack of use they they stopped throwing They need to stop throwing screen passes to marquis brown. It's not working and stop running draw plays on second and 17 Oh, this was a Little bit of a rant mixed with the question and it's a lot in here Um, it's a lot in here, but it's a lot about ravens. Um philosophy Uh, especially when it comes to offensive linemen ravens, uh That would be a big philosophy change that I feel could do the ravens just wonders If when they draft offensive linemen They like to draft guys that can do this and that or do that and that or do that and that or do this and this Instead of just drafting the guy that specializes there And it's nice to have guys that have versatility you love versatility, but at the same time Look at winx defense very versatile. You got to have guys that do so many things But they couldn't specialize in one area So you you want guys that can be great in one area And I know ravens they they hope guys are good in multiple areas But you I feel like they got to look for some guys that are great In one area and as far as the offensive play calling and in the use of their weapons Yeah, that's that's definitely got to improve because we talked about how um ravens could bring on this guy that guy this y receiver that y receiver But if they're not getting used if they're not even out there on the field for plays Then what would be the use next question came from nanosh today engraving the builds where his chief's game brought a lot to my mind A lot but what stood out for the most part for me was sitting there watching this thriller of a game Was there awesome coaches and they're great coaching It was very apparent watching these two masterminds of the game at work With mcdermot and read coach read and mcdermot Teams game planning and preparation were on display And these guys were like none other that i've ever seen in the nfl players on both teams and both sides of the ball Not only knew their assignments, but they executed well I'd say great training great coaching and discipline were contributing factors. Oh, yeah That's it's got to be a healthy mix of literally everything everything For sure because if you don't have everything Then it's not gonna work starts with coaching They got to get these players right then the players they got to perform right So it's it's a big process But if you get off everything clicking then it obviously shows up in the end Like she said we could clearly recognize these coaches are very knowledgeable of the game and making contributions From the beginning to the end of the game that were engaging not or not relying on their oc and dc When they were required to make adjustments, they were able to adapt and they did it on the fly This has never or very seldomly happened under john harbaugh as our team coach and his sidekicks greg roman And it looks like we have a very long way to go to be able to compete in the asc Or even the rest of the league with these caliber of teams. We've watched in these seasons playoffs Even as talented as lamar is i don't see him taking on any of these great playoff teams We've been watching over the past weeks around the league by himself as he often works to try to make something happen And him being successful You said a lot right there Uh, and yeah, ravens ravens got to step up a lot When it comes to just being able to keep up with those teams Well, yeah, we we know the ravens did beat the chiefs earlier. We know that Um, but would they beat them in the playoffs? Would they beat the bills in the playoffs? Anything's possible, but it would take a lot and ravens just got to get their firepower up They got to get their firepower up. They they they got some bullets, but they'll never be load them in the chamber They don't load them in the chamber. So it's important that the ravens like First you you got it again. You got to have that offensive line They got to get that right, but then they they the play calling and just the adjustments and the switch ups And just being able to attack attack attack what your opponent's weakness is They don't do that enough.  There's there's sometimes they can be just a lot of confusion like somebody Martin was just talking about in the previous question Um, it's it's just a lot that it's a lot of little cleaning up that they need to do In order to just do better and that's from coaching that's from players That's from everybody If they they got if they can work on fixing the little stuff Work on fixing the little stuff and that can go such a long way Then of course you can advance to the bigger stuff too um She said but we can be we can rest assured As with everything else Lamar will get the blame instead of john harbaugh and greg roman where it squarely belongs I really can't stand what steve is shoddy and edcc and john harbaugh And greg roman that gives them false security that these two walking disasters and failure should continue on in any capacity on our team In closing, um, what can we do to support lamar and encourage better for him from management? Sorry for the lengthy comments. Thank you very concerned ravens fan What can ravens do to support lamar and encourage him, uh, encourage better for him from management? Just hope Just just hope uh That they really again, they they build that force field around lamar that force field of offensive linemen um That can protect him that uh, that wall that will be in front of him to where it's like, uh, ain't nobody getting through And then um lamar he got to do better execution too Um, especially like games like that browns game. We was just like, whoa, what's what's that about now? And we know that's not the norm from him, but lamar got stuff that he got to improve on as well um getting the ball out quicker, uh with the short passes Really, uh putting it on the money for those short passes because they could be sometimes for it's it's weird Because for short passes, I know my god, josh Hoffman brought it up too But for short passes sometimes lamar could throw it like he could throw it a little too uh too out too far A little too wide uh behind behind the receiver pass catcher a little too far in front of him um Sometimes uh, we just got to work on work on that short and that would go such a long way It would go such a long way Getting the ball out quicker throwing the ball away living to see another down Not not having them you don't got to make every single play on every single play Sometimes you just got to get rid of and be like, all right. We lost this down. It's okay. We'll move on um, and then of course with play calling that's I feel like we talked about that so much Uh with play calling it's got to be better. Um play calling got to help your offensive line out Play calling got to help your quarterback out play calling has to see like, all right What are our weaknesses and how can we counter those? Oh, this next question came from marco and it was right after wink had got fired and you were so close marco He said ain't gravy and I just saw your video of wink being fired And I don't know why but the first thing that came up to my mind is jim hardball And here's my question. Have there ever been a situation where brothers are coaches for the same team? And do you see jim and john coaching together with greg since jim is very familiar with him? And could that even be possible? Oh, you were so close Because he got the guy from jim's school Even though he used to work with john before Um, oh you were close, but it is possible. It is but that's why I say, you know what You you might as well You might as well bring jim on to might as well even though he would probably rather be a head coach, but Might as well because it is a big this is one big family with the ravens So bring on jim to I'm sure he'll be at some of the games, man But anyway, he said one thing I'm getting excited about now is that maybe we're having a new with a new defensive coach There will be some changes that are being done. Thank you and hope you're just finding my question We'd like to know your thoughts. Yeah, that's what um, we all hoping for now that uh He can uh, just just make some small fixes Um, let the past rushes be past rushes Give help to your guys if you see somebody struggling make adjustments like right away to try to help them And just put players in best position so they could be successful as best they can out there on the field Next question came from my boy daddy game and he said it was good, bro beans I got an insane theory that I would love for your input on With the recent wink martindale ousting lol if you remember joe hortese the ravens director pro personnel Was the top candidate for the giants gm open It was believed that if he were hired for the job, he would bring wink over with him So maybe harvests was planning on firing him to begin with however Since the ravens are a class act organization harvests might have wanted to wait to let him get that opportunity As giants head coach turns out joe shone from the bills got hired as a giants new gm On january 21st at around noon the same day wink was fired Oh However, wink was fired in the evening After shone got hired harvests probably discussed with edc and bishadi for a couple hours about the possibility of wink Actually landing a head coaching job They might have decided to pull the trigger right then and there because they lost hope in a team hiring wink As a head coaching time since as we all know the ravens want to get started on their all season asap Like this firing is pretty late into january and such firings are unusual. I agree Anyway, this theory could be complete nonsense, but I think this is how it all played out Let me know what you think. Wow, that does make a lot of sense. I oh, I didn't even think about that when all that went down This is what I always say, man. Even if this isn't true, um, it is very this is like great This will always say you cannot be dismissive of ravens fans and what they be thinking because They can put so much stuff together and ravens fans. They pay attention to so much They pay attention to so much. I love this. Thank you for this. He said always love watching viz Really respect how decent you are as a person and the way you speak you and your videos have had a real influence on my life Allow me to have an open mind. Keep cranking out these vids Oh, man, you ain't had to say all that man Got my eyes getting hot water and stuff now. I appreciate you though, man I ain't I ain't nobody but uh, no, I appreciate you watching. I appreciate you. Uh, supporting too, man. Thank you All right, next question came from my god Adriene said, do you think we really need to revamp our offense and defense? So do you think we fix minor detail such as getting one or two more pieces on each side? I too much. I see too much bickering, uh between fans on what we need to do and it's annoying Lamar is fine. I believe greg roman asked him to do too much That's why his longevity throughout the season hasn't been great since 2019 If greg roman runs a similar offense to what he has been doing for tyler huntley, I feel like we'll be fine. I agree Um, a little bit less cute qb design runs I feel like the the runs for lamar should be if a play breaks down lamar like, all right. I'm out In my opinion and they can still have some in there, but just scale them back scale them back We know that lamar superman. He can do all this and all that But I would love to see the ravens offense be coached as to Not having lamar have to be superman. I would love to see them try that To see all right. Well, let's let's have some other people be the supermans for our team I will love to see that anyway, um He says uh kill the oh, I should have kept reading. He said kill the qb design runs I hate them or take them to a one or two a game not eight Then greg will have his job at the end the next season Wink is great. We need to fix the blitz. I think this might have been before he got fired We need to fix the blitz on every down with marcus peter's coming back and marlowe mixing man and zoned in the blitz We're really confused the opposite I say we need a man on defense who prides nothing but tackling our defense has one major problem And it is tackling. Oh, yeah, that was a huge problem for sure I also think it's a lack of understanding too But he said obviously injuries this past year, but the big plays wouldn't have happened if we could tackle So I think we need a linebacker who can get off alignment and tackle and it isn't being talked about enough I I agree queen show great spurts and clutching him at some points. Obviously not consistent enough We could use d-line, but adafi has miles gear potential if wink would just let him attack the qb Which I think will happen next season. Oh, that's a little awkward, isn't it? Um, but he said offensively. I don't see us drafting wire receiver I think we are fine unless we can get calvin ritley or robinson allen robinson I wouldn't worry about it too much. They won't come sadly But I believe we get rid of via nuova and draft attack Or god If not, then they will be getting a linebacker or a corner. These are the biggest needs in my opinion Tell me if i'm wrong graven lll. Oh Hey, this is your opinion. So it's not right or wrong. It's just your opinion. That's fine Uh, the only reason I say corner is just to make sure mp will be ready to go for next year ACLs are possibly career ending. Sorry for the book. I'm just super happy and finally a patron This has been bottled up for a year. That's why it's like this lll. Thank you graven. Hope you and the fam have a blessed day Hey, it's all good man. Um, yeah with inside lineback is a position that I I agree It's not being talked about enough. Uh, patrick queen. He did struggle there. Um, there were a lot of inconsistencies You see the potential But the wrapping up the tackling that has got to get better that that's that's what I feel like Has been his biggest issue has just been the the consistent or lack of consistency in tackling Um, and as far as cornerback getting ready to lose anthony avid losing jimmy smith Tavon young possibly. So yeah cornerback is a need as well Will they draft it early? Will they draft it late?  How are they going to be when they come back? We hope that they are just as good as they were before even better when they come back But it's something that we just don't know Anyway, he says sorry again for my last question lol You're the only guy I can talk to about our team But my question is do you really think we could have we could have a head coach come in And do a better job than harbaugh has these past 14 years He's been almost as consistent as mike tolling and he keeps our physical edge going on With new coordinators and he won a ring in the hardest conference for the past 14 years Even we had to be Peyton Manning and Tom Brady almost all 14 Oh personally, I don't think anyone else out there right now could have could have as much consistency as harbaugh The only person that I can think of would be Brian Flores any argument that harbaugh should be fired I strongly disagree. What do you think? well He's getting his extension. So I mean this doesn't rule out anything But no, I just I just think it's about giving somebody a chance Giving somebody an opportunity I am not one of the people that think that harbaugh is the end all be all at coaching I know a lot of ravens fans feel like oh is is is harbaugh or nothing If ravens got rid of harbaugh didn't know they would sink they would suck they'd be sorry They wouldn't be able to do anything And I feel like a lot of ravens fans just and and I can understand why because he's been there for so long So I understand a lot of people don't like change a lot of people are scared of change And a lot of people when they've been doing something for so long They feel like that's the only way that this should be done. That's the only way can get done But what what has gotten done since that Super Bowl? What has gotten done? Yes, we know he's only losing seasons technically when a lot of people got hurt But how many real winning seasons has he had? 9 and 7 is technically a winning season 10 and 6 is a winning season It is technically winning seasons, but how much was really won in those seasons There are people who could come in and and do just the same job as harbaugh possibly even better We won't know that until we know But again, my thinking is that harbaugh is cool. He's nice But he's not the only guy out there that can get a job done Next question came from my guy marco. He said what's good in graven. Hope you're good. Oh, yeah Yeah, we're good two questions. Do you think the failed two point conversions will play a role in harb's decision on g-roll Hmm or what decision a decision to keep him or them possibly letting him go But either way, no, I don't I don't think it plays any role. I think that's more hard than anything um, and he said secondly, do you think Jim carwell would be a candidate for the offensive coordinator position Now, I don't oh, yeah, I don't think they move on from giro in that case I think giro is not going anywhere now. What's weird is that? Um, he didn't get announced for a presser I mean, they they do announce presses and then they have people that end up talking in those presses anyway But greg roman didn't get announced for a presser a season ending presser John harbaugh did the new defensive coordinator mike mcdonnell did and eric de casa did But nothing from roman so just something to think about but also nothing from the special teams coordinator So and he he ain't going anywhere. So yeah, we'll see I wouldn't really read too much into it like that But we won't know till we know and the last question was sort of comment or recommendation came from My boy calm city. He said start your draft preview with wide receiver christian watson He went to the same school as costa wins. He's six five two ten and he could jump Uh, look at look him up on youtube. This kid is everything that we need Well, does he play with aggression? Does he go and get it? The does he just wait for the ball to come to him? I feel like we need that this big body wide receiver Who's gonna be aggressive who's gonna be nasty and who is going to fight for that ball Who is going to reach out and get it not just wait like, oh, okay. It's on the way. Okay. Here it comes No, reach out and go get it and take it if he's that hey bring them on This last question it also comes from my god martin and appreciate all the patrons who participated in this episode a question from subscribers But he had just sent it and I haven't edited the video and we made it a couple days ago But stuff's still been crazy busy. Uh, but I decided so, you know what let me just add it in here But anyway last question came from my guy martin He said man, I'm so disappointed with this ravens team I really went and thought the ravens should go out and hire brian flores Since to this point no one has hired him after the way He shut down lamar in this offense. You think it would be beneficial to have this guy On the staff so lamar has to face his defense every day in practice and can learn and grow Well, that's an interesting way of looking at stuff but instead We But instead we have to play it comfortable and hire people we know Also, I feel like hardball doesn't want guys like flores on his staff not because they are a threat to his job But because he knows they will just be taken as soon as the season ends Then he'll have to look for another defensive coordinator or offensive coordinator But that's what happens when you build a super bowl team other teams want your guys Yes, I love that I love that and I appreciate that so much. Anyway He said, um, we should be looking to build a super bowl team not a comfortable Well, we tried team and people giving the injury excuses this year need to wake up because guess what people are going to get injured next year To especially after so many people are coming off of injury You can't expect to just start the season completely healthy from start to finish No, I don't think anybody expects that but it Next season cannot be anything like last season when it comes to injuries. It's just impossible, ain't it Oof. I just that that can't happen Uh, anyway, he said also side note Maybe the ravens did give brian flor as a car He turned them down if that's the case I could see why they wouldn't say anything because they wouldn't want to flock Uh harassing brian flor is because he didn't want to be our defensive coordinator But knowing our front office they didn't even make an attempt No, and I think with um with mcdonald, uh We just I mean we really got no choice but to but gonna give him a give him a fair shot Give him a fair shot. I do understand your frustration with them. Um, making the comfortable move uh and We just hope that because not every comfortable move is always the best move um But it is somebody who hardball trusts Uh, not necessarily always a good thing, but we just got to see we just got to see with mike mcdonald Um, he has been known to change it up He is known for getting the most out of his players and he is known from from everything that I've heard about him Uh, he is also known for making adjustments so that Because the the thing with him with mike mcdonald the same way I feel like with an offensive coordinator The same way I feel like with a defensive coordinator the same way I feel like even with a head coach anybody that comes in here Especially if they have everybody healthy It's gonna be really hard for them to fail. It's gonna be really hard for them to fail like really Seriously, like it would take them going out of their way in order for them to fail So we'll see how he does Um, we'll see what similarities he has with previous defensive coordinators and what differences he has with previous defensive coordinators But we just hope that he ends up really doing a great job of the job


Yn dwi'n meddwl, mae'n ddechrau i'r cyflawni, a'r cyflawni'n 10 sgyn ar y cesennu. Felly, mae'n gweithio'n gweithio'n gweithio'n gweithio. Roeddwn i'n Robert Niblit ar gyfer Chatham House, sy'n gyflawni'r gweithio'r cyflawni, ac mae'n ddweud i'r cyflwyno'n meddwl y cesennu. Mae'n gweithio'n gweithio sy'n gweithio'n gweithio. Mae'n gweithio'n gweithio'n gweithio'n gweithio. Yn gweithio'n berthynas ar nesaf y bydol a'r parled, ac ar symud roseihist ar flmouth. Micwyr bobl yn dda yn tyfwyr unrhyws yn ffordd, rhoi'n sorig i gael, tan nesafor! Mae'n binyddaiRayster am oxygen i'rgweithio'r C motifohol Beautiful. Yn berthynas nod y Ch for honan o partnered mae'n rhaid i ddim yn gatheras, ond gen i'r RPM fydd iawn yn ddigon felli bydd yng nghyrch i weld y rathion fel ddyd. Ond ydym ni'n gweithio'n gweithio. Byddwn ni wedi gweld y gweithio. Mae'n rhaid i chi'n gweithio i'r ddweud. Sefyddi'r gwbl i ddweudio. A mynd i ddechrau yn gweithio'r gweithio. Yn y gweithio, rwy'n dweud, mae'n gofynio'n gweithio. Mae'n ddweud o'r rhesysgau面au a'r gweithio'n gweithio. Rydyn ni'n deall, mae'n gofyn, mae'n gweithio, mae'n gweithio'n gweithio, i'w hwn i'r clwsogwch'r iawn, ond ag ystod yn ystod yn cyffredinol yn cyfnod o'r ddweud hwnnw i'w bod o'r wych yn gyflawni'r gweithio'i amser. Yn oes, mae'r ysgol yn y ffordd yn y margyn nhw gan Llywodraeth, yma'r ysgol a'r amser yn ymgyrch chi ar y bai, yn dda'r momentau a'r ysgol. Nawr, mae hyn bydd yma, mae wedi cael ei ddweud yr oedd yn ymgyrchol. Felly mae'n cael ei ddweud am wneud i gyffredigol gynnig o'r panl eithaf. Rwy'n gweithio'r gweithio ddwylo'n gweithio unrhyw yma, ac mae'n gweithio'n gweithio i'r gweithio alsiwn. Rwy'n gweithio'n gweithio, mae'n gweithio'n gweithio 10 munud o'u gwneud a'r gweithio. A oedd yn ymgyrch chi'n gweithio'r gweithio'r gweithio'r gweithio, Felly, mae'n cael ei ddwy i'r ddweud, yn ym mlynedd, mae hyn yn ymlaen i'r ddweud. Yn ymlaen, Graham Allison, Douglas Tillam Professorys, ym Mwyloedd ym Ysgol Llywodraeth, os ymgyrch, mae'n byw'r ddweud. Mae'r ddweud yn casu, dyflaen, yn gynghwyl, ysgrifennu Llywodraeth, ymddych chi'n gweithio, amdwych chi'n gweithio, ac mae'n gweithio i'r ddweud yn gweithio. is what I saw on the thing, and, of course, importantly, author of the very now-renowned book, A Destin for War, Can My America and China Escape Thucydides' Trap? Mohammed Chattibasri is the former finance minister of Indonesia, now chair and former chair of the investment coordinator committee, chair of PT Bank Madeiri, and also now chair of the pandemic fund, and is on the board of the Lee Kwan Yew School, which I think therefore we're going to call on you for that broader view, and Danny Kwa is here, of course, so that'll be fantastic to get your viewpoints. Jin Keiw, wonderful to have you with us, Professor of Economics at the London School of Economics, author of the new China Playbook, Beyond Capitalism and Socialism, and advising lots of companies as well as I think the World Bank and IMF on how to decrypt where things are going. Ishwa Prasad, to her left, Professor of Trade Policy at Cornell, has a chair also in International Economics at the Brookings Institution. I think you all know because we read a lot of Ishwa's stuff in the public press, so fantastic Ishwa to have you with us, and Fred Huw, founder, chair and CEO of Premier Vera Capital, led some very strategically and well-timed investments in Alibaba and Capital, Bright Dance, former partner and chair of Greater China for Goldman Sachs, and former economist at the IMF. So, Hong Kong knows very well. Great panel. We're going to jump in. Let me turn to you first, Graham. Where do you stand on the getting better or worse situation? How do you read the effort that took place in San Francisco, looking now even at the Philippine situation in South China Sea, Taiwan election, so much water on the bridge already. What's your take? Just a quick two, three minutes. Kick us off. Thank you very much, and it's an honor to be part of such a distinguished panel. It's complicated, and if things don't seem confusing, you haven't begun to understand them yet. Nonetheless, let me make three points first. Are things getting better or worse? The answer is yes. The place to start is with the structural realities, and the structural realities are that China is a rapidly rising power. The U.S. is a colossal ruling power.  Friday morning. As I wrote in a book in 2017 about this subject, looking to the future, expect things to get worse before they get worse. I think that's a good projection, and I think unfortunately going forward, that's a pretty good projection. So 75% of what we're seeing is baked into the structural realities of a rapidly rising China that is seriously threatening a colossal ruling U.S. A U.S. that's proud of the fact that it's constructed an international order that's actually been quite remarkably successful in giving us 78 years without great power war, 78 years without another use of nuclear weapons, an environment in which the world has seen greater increases in well-being. So there's lots of reasons why this is, for every reason of history, a structural lucidity and rivalry. A second point is I believe unfortunately that's only, if that was it, it would be simple. Unfortunately that's only half of the problem. The other half of the problem is that this is occurring in the particular objective conditions of the 21st century in which, if you ask the question, which should actually be more compelling for rational actors in Beijing and Washington, the incentives to compete, which are all the reasons of history, or alternatively the incentives to cooperate. Actually I give students a test, I say right on the top of the first page, incentives to compete, and if you can't make ten bullet points, shame on you. Turn the sheet over though, incentives to cooperate, and if you can't make ten bullet points, again, you go back and think harder. The survival of the U.S., the survival of China, requires no nuclear war between the U.S. and China. Well if my survival depends on it, that's a pretty powerful incentive to compete. If we live in a enclosed biosphere in which one party's greenhouse gas emissions goes into the same pot with the others, if on the current trajectory we're going to make a biosphere none of us can live in, my survival requires figuring out a way to cooperate with you. So when I can go on down the list. So I think the tension between the incentives to cooperate and the incentives to compete are the ones that people are still trying to get their head around and then to your San Francisco point, which is the third point. San Francisco is very important. I think what it reflected was two adults, Biden and Xi, who understand this is the most important relationship in the world, that's going to be fundamentally rival worse, but that there's a necessity for them to find ways to cooperate. And the fact that they took out four hours to talk privately, candidly, about the most delicate issues, and that we don't even know all the things they talked about. But if I watch and see what's happened since then, if I look with respect to Taiwan and the Taiwanese election, if I look to the rules of engagement that the Chinese have been operating under in the South China Sea recently and in the Straits, if I look at the middle to middle conversation, if I look to what's happening with fentanyl supply chain, they actually made specific progress on particular items. What the most important was that they agreed that they were not going to misunderstand each other. Obviously there's some real differences, but they were not going to let misunderstandings drag them where they did want to be. And as she said in the conversation, if you have an issue, just pick up the phone. That's pretty remarkable. That's what adults should do about particular issues. So I'm positive about 2024. I would say chances of war between the US and China 2024, 99% against chances of war, chances of military conflict over Taiwan 2024, 99% against. Now looking further, that's more complicated. I'm glad you can give us one year without war. And I think a lot of those more firm timelines that have been given by certain American military officials were in 25. So we might come back to that in a minute and just see where we want to go with that. Mohammed, let me come to you next. I was going to say, a view probably from the region in which a lot of this competition is playing out, the competition that Graham just described to us. How does that look? You've got China leading the regional comprehensive economic partnership. Police are getting that off. That's a positive, but we're seeing in particular with the Philippines right now some actually pretty sharp competition that has military dimensions to it, should we put it. So could you give us your take on this balance? Well, thank you very much. Thanks for having me in this very distinguished panelist. I'm not so sure where I can give my response in two or three minutes to answer this very complex situation. But let me start by saying that for the Southeast Asian economies, we don't have the luxury to choose between US and China. And that's important because China is one of our largest trading partner. It's a very significant impact on the trade and economy in Southeast Asia. The second one, if you look at on the many Southeast Asian economies, China has the long-standing investment present in so many sectors in Southeast Asia. And of course, this may have an implication if we, if ASEAN should take side, either we'd go with China or the US. But I get the impression that maybe the policymaker in Washington is a bit difficult to understand our position here. But at the same time, we also understand that there are a couple of issues that are very sensitive to Southeast Asia. You mentioned about this South China Sea and an expansionary of the Chinese policy, for example. That is why the geopolitical balances in Southeast Asia are needed. Well, I have to say that this US tension has this, I hate to say this, but this will have the positive implication for some Southeast Asian countries because the relocation of the supply chain from China into a country like Vietnam, to Indonesia, to Singapore, et cetera. But I think the fragmentation, the cost of fragmentation is still very big for us with the technonationalism, the economic security, and this will have an impact on the supply chains. So under this kind of situation, as I said that ASEAN, we don't have the luxury to choose. The solution is what can be done to solve this problem. I'm being realistic. I'm humbled by the political reality. I always like to quote what Jean-Claude Juncker said. We all know what to do. We just don't know how to get re-elected after we've done it, right? So the question is what can be done at the given political and institutional constraint. The first one is you mentioned about the RCP. The RCP itself is not led by China. The idea is there is no single ASEAN countries can deal bilaterally with China. That is why we need agency. We need an entity in which that ASEAN become a hub. So the idea is to help ASEAN with China, ASEAN with Japan, with Korea, and the US. Of course the challenge is about the leadership in Southeast Asia. We can discuss this later on. That's one thing. The other thing is try to look at about, I can give an example of it, try to find the common denominator in which everybody around the table can work together. So let me give an example when Indonesia hosted the G20 meeting in 2022. The tension was so high related to the Ukraine issue, etc. But we tried to find an issue that everyone around the table, everybody around the table will agree to sit together. And the issue was pandemic. Because if you're talking about health issues, if you're talking about pandemic, Russia, China, US will agree to sit together. Now I'm a co-chair of the pandemic fund. We've been able to mobilize about to seat capital about 2 billion US dollar allocated funding last time 350 for 37 countries for grants and the next will be 500 million US dollar. So the idea is try to find the common denominator. Maybe on the climate issue, maybe the joint research between Beijing and Washington. Try to look at the collaboration. At the same time, ASEAN also need to improve their bargaining position through the RCP. And the other thing is diversification. Not to realise so much even though I know this is easier to be said than done, but try to diversify. But one thing if I can say about the pandemic fund, the ability to sit together somehow to me is a reflection of the testament to the multilateralism. So I live in here. Great. Thanks for those opening points and we can come back to you said some later on in particular the kind of influence Southeast Asia is trying to have collectively building up some joint capacity to negotiate with China. KU, let me come to you next. One of the big phrases that the Biden administration has tried to use to define a pragmatic approach has been Jake Sullivan's, you know, we're going to build a small yard with a high fence for technology corporations, an area I know you work on a lot. So I suppose my question to you would be, is that definition working? Is that creating some sort of guardrails under which more cooperative relationship or competition as we had in one of the panels earlier on could emerge? Or do you feel in a way that fence is just porous? And the yard keeps enlarging and no one's quite sure what its definition is because there's something inevitable about the technological competition. Your take. So at the core of it, US-China competition is about the China model, development model, Chinese aspirations and most of all Chinese technology or technological competition. I think it's as bad it is because of a lack of mutual trust and very different world vision values and culture, which I think we under-appreciate. President Xi recently said we hope that America would be prosperous and hope that US would wish China to be more prosperous as well. I think that does send a message. But I do think that the two countries are recalibrating the relationship, learning from what has happened. I don't really think there's a set specific idea of how it's going to look like. And recalibration comes from two important things, I think. First of all, is that internal challenges for both countries, China for sure on the economic side, political side, military and so forth. A lot of the focus is now in word. Chinese don't think about Americans all day long. But also second, there's a huge unintended consequence of these technological restrictions coming back to your technology question. We've seen it in history. We've seen that whenever there are restrictions or kind of walls, it accelerates technological development. So what we have seen in China recently is a national mobilisation. Unlikely partners from the big techs working together, university, industries, governments, all trying to tackle the hard and impossible. And that's totally accelerated some of the endeavors to leapfrog. And I think that we're going to see much more of that because of these restrictions, not despite them. And we've already seen some of the, you know, they were before, they were comfortably importing chips. Of course, Chinese companies would love to just import Nvidia chips. Now they have to turn to domestic substitution and that's accelerating and that's making domestic chip companies much more profitable and in many, many different areas. And of course, it's leaky. You cannot really restrict technology flows and you're basically enriching the intermediaries. You know, there are a lot of third countries from where we're seeing a huge surge in imports of chips. I wonder what happened there. So collaborative competition, I think, is the way we should define the relationship. Look, US and Japan has similar competition, economic technology competition. And guess what happened? Everybody was better off because Japan pushed the US to do much more. Lots of these really important, you know, kind of important innovation pushes were because of Japanese competition. The two biggest themes this year, AI and sustainability. One represents competition between the two. The second represents collaboration. There's no way we're going to get to green transition without the collaboration of the two. So my advice would be, first of all, start from small victories to build trust. I think we've already seen a little bit of that. Anthony Binkham has mentioned some of that and recalibrate and readjust to real-time circumstances. Thank you very much, KU, for that. And again, let people come back to them maybe in the next set of remarks, because it does strike me as you said. Technology is probably one of the defining elements of the 21st century. Graham was pointing to the opportunities for positive cooperation through it, but technology is the other defining element that may sharpen the competition, despite everything you were just saying there. Ishwa, let me come to you next. I mean, you're based in the US between Cornell and DC. You've got a lot of experience of what it's undertaking there. I'm just wondering, to what extent is America trying to unpick a form of interdependence that it acquired there because of the structural nature of the competition that we've described so far? Do you think like a strategic decision has been taken across all fronts of US policy decision-making that we've got to pull back from the intent, you know, the close relationship we had? And does that mean that, therefore, we can end up with a kind of much more separated economy or not? Is it also part an area where we can have cooperation? Well, Robin, when I saw the title decrypting the US-China relationship, given my work on digital currencies, my needed question was, who the heck encrypted it? Or what caused the encryption to take place? Now that may be a little too cute by half, but certainly things have been getting worse. So to butcher the analogy a little further, it's worth thinking about what is the algorithm underlying the deterioration in the relationship. And I think of characterising this relationship along multiple fronts. And again, to take a somewhat simplistic view about this, there were two elements that were crucial in terms of keeping the relationship between these two countries in balance. Now, if you think about the geopolitical aspects of the relationship, as Graham has correctly pointed out, this is ultimately a zero-sum relationship. One country gains and other country has to lose. And that would seem inherently bound for conflict. But there was a period, a fairly long period, when the economic relationship between the two countries was seen as a positive sum game. And my sense is that that element kept the overall relationship in balance, because while the geopolitical relationship clearly could not be moved to a positive sum aspect, the economic relationship was seen as important enough so that you could maintain balance between the two. Things have changed. Even the economic relationship is now seen as a zero-sum game or indeed in certain areas that are important to both economies is seen as a negative sum game. So the question is, what is the dynamic that has shifted that has changed this relationship? Now, I've been an academic for about 17 years and I've been dealing with various US administrations and various informal advisory capacities. And in the US I've noticed one thing that the political part of the administration, which is typically the White House, the National Economic Council, the National Security Council has tended to take a harder line towards China on the economic as well as national security and geopolitical fronts. Treasury tends to be the balancing force here. And what was Treasury representing? In a sense, it was American businesses, American financial institutions that were very eager to maintain a positive relationship with China, because they saw China as very important as a market, as a cog in their supply chains, and as very important to the overall business model, because China remains a very large and important and growing market. That has shifted in a fundamental way. Speaking to corporate leaders, leaders of financial institutions, I sense the promise that they had anticipated that China would open up its markets, would allow them to compete in a free and fair way domestically, has not panned out. And what we've seen is that that coalition does not really work that well anymore. Now, even that coalition was a little fragmented. If you think about the National Association of Manufacturers in the US, they represented companies that felt threatened by China. But there were enough companies and institutions on the other side who saw opportunity in China that kept this in balance. But across the board right now, things have shifted. There has been a disillusionment that China has not lived up to its promises, that China is providing a somewhat more hostile environment for businesses operating there, trying to sell into China's market. So that, I think, is a fundamental shift. Professor Danny Kwad, the other day at a dinner, referred to economics eating geopolitics. So this is a slightly different characterization, but it goes along the same theme. For a while, the two were actually balancing each other out. That has now gone. I think both of them are sort of chasing each other's tail to push Danny's analogy a little further. There is an additional complication there, as I was saying, and KU has correctly alluded to this. There is domestic politics, as well as domestic economics that now has added to the mix and made it much more toxic and volatile. So at this stage, if you're thinking of decrypting as basically coming back to a period when even in terms of economics, one could see this as a positive sum game, I think there are some avenues where that can take place, but in a broad front, that is going to be difficult to do. Well, we're decrypting in a negative direction. I can sense that already. I mean, balance is the best we're able to hope for at the moment. Fred, this must seem a little bit bleak to you, and I'm just wondering, especially with the references I made to financial institutions and the kind of belief that was held by even companies like Goldman Sachs at a particular time that there were real opportunities there in the market. How do you see it? How important is China's own development, its economic development, internally, to the balance of this conversation? And how much do you agree or disagree in particular with the last two sets of comments by KU Enishwa? Thank you, Robin. Without any doubt, the China-US relationship is a defining challenge of our lifetime. And for people in this room and our children, it was likely the most critical factor, determine whether we will be doing in the world peace and the possibility of war and conflict. The relationship between the US and China was so important, has been taking no style from bad to worse, for many different reasons. Some have been articulated by my fellow panellists, but I also think a two-logic degree is caused by false narratives, wrong assumptions, and unsubstantiated, acrimonious acquisitions. For the particular, I think, this is sort of the competitive relationship. For many of us in business in finance, we know why competition generally is a good thing. That's really the source of efficiency and value creation. But right now, when the relationship is framed as a competitive relationship, it's really viewed as zero sum or worse, negative sum game. And on top of it, increasingly, very normal ordinary trade of goods and services and technology and data are also viewed almost exclusively from a national security lens. So then it's very hard to have a balanced, carefully calibrated, healthy, sustainable relationship. If just everything you look at it is national security, you see it as a threat. So then you have a knee-jerk reaction, xenophobic reaction. And some of the tools curve on advanced semiconductors. If you're truly carefully calibrated as a small yard and high fence, I guess for most of us, probably life goes on, unaffected. But the hard truth is, as many of you are like me, I have a house, I have a front yard and a backyard. Those yards are really, really small, because even I can plant my flowers and take care of my lawns. But I think the restrictions, as they are enacted, imposed, these are several photobooth fields, big. That's not how it could as a small yard. And the fence is almost unreachable and invisible. That's also not like, you know. So that really makes it hard for the Chinese business, for American business, who work with China, and also take the world economy as a collateral damage. Business investors, we need a predictable policy regime domestically and internationally. Right now, there's no certainty. There's no predictability. You know, every day wake up in some shocks, you know, surprises. So that's not a good person to be. Having said this, however, actually, I don't want to give a sense of doom and gloom. I actually feel better than I have been for the last five, six years about the outlook of the bilateral relationship. You know, some factors are mentioned by Graham and others. You know, first, I do think that the Biden presidency in San Francisco has really put the floor underneath the relationship. Okay, that's important. On top of it, there's been resumption of, you know, climate talks and military talks. Okay. And the second, you know, last week before we were all scattered here in Dallas, there was really consequential election in Taiwan. Okay. Just even before that, some of the media commented, some of the hawks say, well, look, you know, what Putin did to Ukraine, that's what Beijing is going to do Taiwan. Watch out. You know, the election happened in Taiwan. I think it's notable for the absence of drama. Okay. I'm even the four. Why? Because, you know, I since February 2022, I get a lot of inquiries from my friends in Europe and the North America asking me, right? What do you think when Beijing is going to take Taiwan? I used to give a lengthy discussion on history, you know, geography and the quality why it's not going to happen. Then I really get sick and tired for more than a year trying to say there's no war coming. Then whenever the question come out, I say, well, no war because China is not Russia. Taiwan is not Ukraine. Okay. So that's a very, very important factor. Now, last most importantly, you know, this is also what the career alluded to, except I would carry this differently. Career said, well, you know, the relationship is not going to get even worse because China is turning more inward. I wouldn't use the word inward. In fact, Lee Chong just came here. He launched a channel for investors to welcome, come to business in China, right? So China is not turning inward in the sense of economic strategy or development policy. China is opening up more widely. But what I'm saying, I think Kerry's right, you know, China is single-mindedly focused on domestic economic development as the top national already. Unlike America right now, you know, I'm sure you saw what I would know in Washington DC. I have a lot of friends like you should live in DC. There's a healthy, even dangerous obsession with China. Okay. Everything is ready to China. I know someone working in the autonomous startup in California and they were working with Congress trying to come up with a bill about highway safety when you have autonomous driving vehicles on the roads, like coming going with human drivers. So the draft bill, the title is Be the China, Enhance American Highway Safety. Think about it. You know, many Americans, you know, Americans are very popular society, many problems, whether it's homeless on the street of San Francisco or my shooting or made in America, but oftentimes politicians try to make it in China. So what I'm saying is, as China gets its own actor together, focus on the domestic economy, not to seek a quarrel with the U.S., I think things just be fine. Okay. You got to optimism at the end. I saw that. We've got about four minutes before I want to turn to questions for five minutes. So obviously, do your best to try and give me telegraphic answers if you can on these questions. I think there's a natural lead in, Graham, from where Fred was trying to note the optimism, the putting a floor on the relationship. There wasn't the big blowout after Taiwan. What happens if there's a change of administration at the end of 2024 in the U.S.? Where those animal spirits, that instinct to put China at the heart of everything, suddenly accelerates. What's your view? I'll give you that killer question. Trump administration type of policy towards China Taiwan. So given the time, I'll just do one minute. So first, I agree with Fred very much on what happened in San Francisco. It's a floor that I would say, think of it as a pause button, and I think we see a lot of evidence of the pause button, but people are therefore watching fearfully what happens in 2024. So Biden has one objective in 2024, which is to defeat Trump. As the specter of Trump becoming president by this time next year, rises, countries everywhere are beginning to factor in what I wrote about this week as a Trump put that is taking account of that in their choices and actions now and dealing with the Biden administration. And I think from the Chinese perspective, since Trump has made very clear that he sees China as the principal adversary, his trade adviser Lighthizer is very clear about it. He calls it the lethal adversary that in his administration, he'll start by withdrawing most favored nation trading. He'll put on a 10% tariff across the board. He'll do tit for teft tariffs for anything larger. That's for everybody. And then in particular, in relations with China, they will quote, eliminate dependence for critical materials, including electronics, steel, and pharmaceuticals. So I would say, yes, you can hardly imagine what that means. I think Chinese are beginning to think about this saying, one, could this be real? Yes. Then if that's were real, this one colleague Chinese that I know very well said, he said, we're beginning to think maybe he would succeed in decoupling the U.S. from the global economy more than he would do decoupling us. So I would say, tighten your seatbelts, it's going to get worse going forward. And I think in particular for those of us concerned about the U.S.-China relation, we've gone into our silly season in which Americans, and especially American politicians, are even sillier than normal. And the connection between what they say and what they think or any reality has become completely detached. And so you will hear more and more harsh things about China because nobody gets in trouble for being tougher than their adversary, their competitor about China. And I try to tell Chinese, don't take it personally. This is the theater of American politics. And the one sort of reassuring piece is, be sure Trump and Biden will say worse things about their American competitor than they say about Xi. So thanks very much for that. Again, I'm trying to go very quickly here. Mohamed, BRICS G7 is, when we're decrypting the relationship, is it a global competition for friends, allies, that kind of leadership? And where do ASEAN countries, where's a country like Indonesia sit on this? I'm not even sure whether you're on that list, you know, that's considering BRICS. Thank you very much for this. Well, from the Indonesia perspective, we can understand and appreciate some efforts that have been put for some countries to have a serious discussion on BRICS. I can understand maybe from the perspective of there is a risk to holding the US dollar because the impact of the sanction. But the way I look at it, this will take very long time before this happens. So from the Indonesian perspective, the government has decided not to join the BRICS, but we are aiming to join the OECD, to look at to explore the possibilities still in the enfancy states. And I think this is the right move because we need to ties our reform with the international benchmark. Robin, well, in the case of Indonesia, a lot of things need to be done regarding the bureaucratic reform about regulation hurdles. I always call that one of the reasons of why many Indonesians become religious is because we have to deal with the government. If I apply for the investment, it's like a black box. There's nothing you can do except pray to God. That's the reason why we need to improve the reform. That's why it is very important to benchmark our reform for the OECD standard, for example. Thank you very much. I've got to keep moving down there. I thought you made a very interesting point, KU, about that maybe part of the competition is about development models. Could you just say a word or two more about that because that would mean that really it's a structural type of competition and maybe a competition that goes global as well? After reading Jake Sullivan's, you know, reviving national American economy, it sounds pretty much like the China model with industrial policies and subsidies and a huge national boost. And look, you know, the China model is about having a unique coordination between government and markets and individualism and communalism. But look, you know, I think there's one fundamental misunderstanding about the Chinese from the American side, which is, and if it is that, that China's sole goal is to try to overtake the U.S. That is not the Chinese aspiration. The Chinese people with a billion people still trying to have a better life. It's overwhelmingly pragmatic. Chinese people right now still think about getting an apartment in the cities and sending their kids to school. And so that is the ultimate legitimacy, source of legitimacy also for the party. When we talk about war and all that, it's about peace and stability, which is the best conditions to make that happen. So what we're seeing with U.S. and China, I think again, coming back to the recalibration, look at trade. Yes, U.S. and China's structural trade is declining, but I guess what's happening, it's just being rerouted from Vietnam and Mexico. But the ultimate sources of demand and supply are still coming from the two largest economy. It's just taking a much longer route and adding to the trade costs. And it's going to add to the cost of innovation, going to add to the cost of inflation. And so I think, you know, coming back to the American voters, I believe that ultimately defining this year's election is still going to be overwhelming, pragmatic about the everyday livelihoods of these people. I suppose there are huge amounts of trade, toys to all sorts of basic consumer goods, which are at the moment passing beneath that radar. Ishwa, one very specific question to you. You talked about trade potentially suffering at all sorts of levels. What about foreign investment? Do you think in this political environment you describe the Chinese company thinks, well, you know what, I need to try and gamble with investing in the United States, helping American jobs. This is the traditional route that Japan, European, other countries have taken when they face that kind of American protectionist instinct is to try to get inside. Is that going to be impossible in the political environment we're in? So first of all, on the broader issue about what Fred and Graham have characterised as the floor, certainly it's good that there is a floor. Unfortunately, it is as treacherous as the streets of Davos at the moment. I think it's certainly not something one can count on for stability and stability very often does come from commercial relationships. And as you pointed out, Robin, one could think about investment as being the tool through which these relationships can be brought in. But I think here there is again a problem from the point of view of American businesses. There is a sense of uncertainty about Chinese policies towards the private sector more broadly. This ties into the issues about China's development model and how that is evolving. There are still some questions about that, but also US policy towards China because the US has been restricting investment. On the flip side, I think there are good reasons for China, again, building on what KU alluded to, for them to invest even in the US in order to try to change a political discourse. But unfortunately that political discourse is getting distorted with Chinese investments seen as essentially being hostile in some way towards the US even though they may create some jobs. So I don't think we are in a good place yet on that front. The good thing, however, is that on the very big issues on which the two sides need to cooperate like climate change and so on, it's good to see that there is still some high level cooperation. So there is a lot that is not good, but at least on the huge issues on which the two sides really need to cooperate, there seems to be some forward progress. Fred, last comment from you. A lot of comments about your floor. Any thoughts back in reaction before I just grab three or four questions and take them back to you very quickly. Well, based on the floor, it is with the security and stability, but also there's a lot of upside without the climate and global pandemic and coordination. I think if China really learned some of the lessons from the last five years, China clearly also made plenty of mistakes domestically and internationally. The wolf warrior diplomacy, how they didn't want China any friends, but they made many more enemies. So China now definitely caused a correction internationally trying to make more friends, right? And quoting Europe and consulting relation with the global south, Southeast Asia in particular, but the Middle East and Africa and South America. And also, I expect China in the next few years will also seek really to improve relation with the immediate neighbors, Japan, South Korea and India. So as China does that, China's image here slowly but surely will improve, trust will be regained. Then most important is domestic economy. If China really single-minded focused on domestic economy, get back its economic module to vitality, that will become still tremendous magnet for global businesses and investment. Then China is going to have actually a bit more cloudy influence without overtly competing with Washington for global hegemony. I don't think that's China's goal. China's goal is really domestic economic economy. And that's the hope for me more upside in the relationship. Thank you very much. Look, we've got a big panel. I'm going to get a horrible look at the end of this thing from the organisers. There's one hand up here. I'm going to take literally three questions. One, two, three. That's it. Very quickly. One here and there's two at the front there. If somebody can bring the microphone down there. Hello. Very short. Absolutely. I'm from Czech Republic. Last six years, I was living in China, Beijing, Hong Kong. I agree with you, Fred. In America, Beijing of China, it's a zeitgeist, but so it is in China. When you look on global times, how to get out of these rhetoric, Professor Ellison took it, this trap of rhetoric especially now when Chinese macro has so many problems. The nationalism propaganda might be... How to break it. Brilliant. Thank you. I want to go back to this idea that there is a very deep-seated reason for the lack of trust and understanding between the two sides. You sketched out quite well, KU, business models, well, not business models, development models, et cetera. If one argues from that premise, are we not being naive in thinking that there can be a circumstance in which trust can be rebuilt? Is that not just managing distrust, if somebody put it? Is that not the best we can hope for? Thank you. Last question there. Hi, Min Jae from China Daily. We heard so much about US-China relationships from a political and international perspective. I want to ask a simple question. How does the panel anticipate that the US-China relationship will impact the daily life of ordinary people in China and the United States? Thank you. Let's go in reverse order on that one actually because that's where you were talking about that focus at home. How do you think it'll impact the daily life with the direction that has been going in so far? You've got each of you 30 seconds. A bad relationship between US-China definitely is bad for the people in both countries. I don't see anything positive out of it. So, how many relationships would certainly serve both countries better than their people much better? Keep borders open, student flows, academics, knowledge flows, and leaders should talk more often. So, people-to-people, very important point. Communication, continue for the research collaboration? I agree with all those, but if I take the question over here, I would say that the rivalry is so deeply baked into the geopolitics that the attempt to deny it will be self-defeating, but at the same time, if my survival requires cooperation, I'm going to have to learn to cooperate as much as I compete, and that's a contradiction, but I think that's the life that's going forward. So, I think we've decrypted a lot of the dynamics behind the relationship. It's negative in terms of trust. It's structural in terms of geopolitical competition, but I think there's a sense here from the panel that you've got two big countries trying to work out a way to live with each other. Even if there's a change of administration, hopefully it'll be more theatre than action, but we'll wait and see. I was part of a panel yesterday where it sounded pretty blood-curdling. Could you please thank the great panel here? Thank you for coming.


A large fire was seen raging at a critical power infrastructure object in Kiev on Monday, December 19, after a way where Russian drone attacks hit the Ukrainian capital, according to authorities. Russia's latest attack hit critical infrastructure in and around Kiev early in the morning, Ukrainian authorities said, adding that the air defense system destroyed about 15 of the 20 drones directed at the capital. The rattling was like a vibration. I sat and smoked. Suddenly, I heard a noise and immediately an explosion. One explosion, three to four minutes later, the second explosion, a local resident told Reuters. Kiev's mayor said preliminary information suggested that there were no deaths or injuries from the attack on the capital, and medics were working at the site of the strikes in the Solomiansky and Shevchenko districts.


Hello everyone. Thank you all for being here. I'd like to start by thanking President Dai Kuan and his team for hosting this year's summit and their warm welcome. It's a pleasure to be back in Vietnam. This summit was a chance for Canada and its partners to take stock of the progress we've made since our last meeting and talk about how we can improve and work together to deepen our cooperation and help the lives of the people we represent. Our discussion began with a sharp focus on trade. This summit was an excellent opportunity for Canada to reiterate its commitment to a strengthened economic partnership with Asia-Pacific nations, one that is, of course, rooted in mutual respect and open dialogue. This past year, Asia-Pacific has further cemented its position as the fastest growing region in the world. We believe that a stronger relationship will unlock the untapped potential in our country's commercial ties and create new opportunities for Canadian businesses. That being said, we know that lowered trade barriers and opened markets are not enough to ensure that the benefits of growth are felt by all our citizens. Canada's commitment to open and progressive trade, both at home and abroad, has been unwavering since the beginning of my mandate. My government will continue to demonstrate leadership on this front and advocate for Canadian interests, especially as we continue our discussions on the comprehensive and progressive transposition partnership. We are pleased with the progress we've made to establish a framework for a new TPP during our time at APEC, but there's still more important work to be done to ensure that we reach the best deal for Canada and for Canadians. We know that, done right, trade deals can be great news for middle-class families and entrepreneurs and small businesses. Our goal is to reach a progressive agreement with our partners that benefits all our citizens and that is in line with our values. With that in mind, we will continue our work on the TPP and take the time it takes to negotiate a deal that works for all Canadians. Finally, we have reiterated our common commitment to face the most urgent problems we have faced, especially with climate change. We have talked about the need to encourage sustainable economic growth and that benefits all our citizens. While we are trying to strengthen our economic partnership with other countries, Canada remains committed to doing more to fight against climate change and to maintain the global scale. Overall, we've had a very productive time here in Vietnam and we look forward to continued partnership within the APEC framework. I have no doubt that together we can grow our economies in a way that works for everyone, for generations to come.


That's what's so beautiful about this whole journey and process is that whatever we seem to need when encounter with someone or whatever, it just comes to us. Because the Spirit knows the prayer of the heart before we can even formulate the question. And after a while you just start to see how glorious it is that things keep coming in. You're willing this to just come and be open and use your time here in the most maximal way for healing is everything. That's the desire of your heart. And it does take trust then that things will come into us and be given to us and everything. And it's beautiful your transparency of just going up. I mean in the world when somebody is attracted to somebody or somebody likes somebody, sometimes this can go on for days, weeks, months, years where they don't say it and just express it. So always these beliefs from the past are always trying to sabotage the connection. The Spirit is always offering us time and time again opportunities to just really connect. And then the more we are direct and open and we just say it, we just say what's on our mind, we really speak it and everything. It speeds things up for everyone, for the whole universe, for ourselves and the whole universe. And when we don't, when we hold back, then we may have all kinds of reasons and justifications for holding back. Oh, I don't want to do this and I don't want to be appeared too forward or analyzing the motives of others, you know, maybe they can't handle this or this. All of those things are just distractions from being very, very direct and forthright about our thoughts. And even in relationships there can be times when there's the hiding that goes on. When the call of our hearts really is to just expose everything, that we're speeding it up for ourselves and for everyone and the ego is just saying, no, no, it doesn't mind even if the bodies come together but it wants the minds apart, the minds separate, the minds private and alone because it needs that sense of isolation and loneliness to continue to seem to exist. And so it's terrified of any kind of true joining, true connecting and yet we start to flow with the spirit more and more and it's just like, there it comes. We feel that deep connection, that deep connection. And I think for myself and for the messengers, we really do see things as family. This is like a lifelong journey and a lifelong connection. You know, we really feel like everyone that we come in contact is part of that and we wait to just see how the script plays out but there's this deep kind of feeling like we're in this all the way that we've been called together by a purpose. It wasn't just randomness or chance that brought us together. There's not a random or chance universe. We were brought together by design for this awakening, too clear, too heel. And I always like that song. And a friend's a friend forever if the Lord is the Lord of them. And a friend will not say never because the welcome shall not end. And you know, I love that. You know, I've gone along in my life and I do meet thousands of people all over the world but I feel that in my heart. It's like when we're sitting and having dinner and you can feel that vibe of that joy and that connection. Yeah, it's that friend is a friend forever if the Lord is the Lord of them. And a friend will not say never. There's no closing of doors. There's no turning away. You know, you can't really analyze the motives of others so you can't even be wondering if somebody walks out of your life and never calls or never makes contact again. You have to just trust that that's in the plan, it's in the script. But in your heart, the feeling of that deep love and connection and joy is just so strong so that if that person would ever show up, you would go, Hey, welcome.  His favorite story, he told that parable so many times.  And he thinks I cannot go back. I can no longer call myself my father's son.  It's a celebration. That attitude of the father, of that always welcome. You're always, always, always welcome. That's so strong that that's really what God's love is about. That's why he told that parable that all we have to do is keep that love and that welcome in our heart and then everything works out. And then it's more likely to even with, if you have an attraction to somebody, you express it and it doesn't seem to work out, then you still have that warm glow in your heart because you never know. They may come back around, you know, and so on and so forth. And you want to be there to have the love.


Thank you to Susan Barry for Welcome to Country. Thank you particularly to Melinda for extending this invitation to be at the ANU. It's been and continues to be a wonderful opportunity to think about some of the what I'll call forming situations in research practice and public policy in Australia. And I suppose in essence what I'm hoping to communicate this morning is a proposition about a changed cultural and political landscape as regards discourses around design, storytelling and definitions of social and environmental resilience. It's not a scientific hypothesis, it really is a reflection on the experiences I've had in this rather hybrid territory of moving between investigations of histories of communication and noncommunication between different cultures in this country with a particular focus on the ways in which spatiality and through that shared or sometimes contested trajectories in a colonised country can translate themselves into forms of civility and inclusiveness. So somewhat utopian and the kinds of remarks and experience that I want to share this morning extremely susceptible to detailed critique in different places but I'm not too concerned about that. I'm quite happy to be fairly vulnerable in material thinking I make the paradoxical claim that true collaboration, strong collaboration is based on weakness. In other words, it's not like an operatic set where you have very fixed roles. It depends on a certain willingness to be weak, to acknowledge inconsistencies, not to be complacent about them, obviously to investigate them and seek to change them. But the process involving one that we heard about in the Welcome to Country at the heart as well as the head and I think that's part of where an engaged if you like creative research community which is a fairly parasitic community dependent on the expertise that comes out of disciplines as diverse, sociology, psychology, anthropology and planning sits consciously if you like weak. But maybe that's no bad thing. I'm not going to create an artificial arcana mystery around this title. I want to explain it very quickly and get out of the way. It's as simple as this. In relation to the placemaking practice, we'll just let placemaking sit there for the time being, a large part of what I suppose I'm interested in doing is trying to overcome European notions of places enclosure and to replace that with a much more interactional, processual and performative notion of placemaking. But let's just keep placemaking there. The central issue that arises in large urban projects, public art projects in Australia has to do with the language of representation. Where now it's conventional and normal practice to have a consultative group that involves indigenous interests, whether or not they're supported by land title claims or whether it's done on the basis of a moral repatriation of intellectual property. The expectation is that the language of discussion as we start to ideate, we start to think what the new form is going to be, whether it's a public square, new facility, it could be a new just program of events. The default position is computerated design. So it's basically what comes up on the screen. So I'm using screen memories obviously in a complex I hope way. It could be referring to the ubiquitous screen culture where we have screens in public squares. Obviously has a Freudian possibility. What I'm interested in is particularly the screen as the site for the ideation of new designs. So and therefore what happens to the line, the line which is both the gesture of drawing out, but it's also the way that we constitute the outline of a form that's going to be there in the future. So that's what I mean by screen memories. I'm referring to the default position that exists even where one might be talking with communities whose primary investment in ideation is volumetric. That is to say choreographic, gestural, processual, dialogical. We often go back to a very shallow idea of how that process of place making will be represented. What are the challenges of that? And as you can tell, even just to announce that is to put us into a place of practice where somehow we're trying to deal with the planners on the one side, the architects on the other side, people who are visually trained. And that tends to mean trained to look at images rather than trained to perhaps listen carefully to the rhythm of the sand. What happens to the volume of place? So volumetrics in this is simply the problem of measuring the hollow, measuring what might be the between, the inter-essay, what lies between us, which after all is the meeting place. So in a sense, things that we intuitively understand immediately, but because of the difficulty of documenting them, particularly in CAD or in parametric design, we tend to leave them out. I'm entirely dependent for the interventions I make into public space design on the skills of my son, who's a very talented modeler, designer, architect. And so we have quite, shall we say, a testy intergenerational exchange where I am endlessly insisting that he knows no history and he's endlessly rolling his eyes and saying it would not be nearly as hard if you could just use Rhino or something like that. So anyway, this is probably quite productive. And there's actually, which I won't go into today, there's actually probably a moderately interesting discussion there about what happens in universities more generally across that analogue digital line, which is still current until we retire. So screen memories then is referring to what I'll call the dominant motive of representation that's used in these placemaking exercises. The reason that there's a problem is because it doesn't really deal very well with volumetric ideation and therefore it creates a problem of representation. This, just to put you further in the picture about speaking from the heart as well as the head, maybe also from the hand, this is the kind of drawing that I do when I'm working with communities. This is actually Alice Springs. And these drawings are ideation drawings. What they do is they provide what seemed to me graphic analogs of dialogue. So this is a process where we were discussing the problematic of convergent storylines across two cultures. The pages in the background refer to possible ways of annotating the overland telegraph in relation to the building, a place of reconciling in the middle of Alice Springs. The sort of plate cells you can see sort of floating around on the surface there refer to various safe places. Would a meeting place be a meeting place or would it in the form of Arakaw and Ginza's theory of places be a sequence of landing places. In other words, a sequence of overlapping contracts, a performative moving which at the same time provides a form of stability and you can go on. What is useful I find with these things is of course whilst they're fairly enigmatic out of context, in context there's a strong sense of identification. Everybody can sign up to this and they're not committed to anything. So it's a classic example of strong collaboration. The very weakness of this as a final outline is to its advantage. If anything it captures a sense of imminence or movement, if we're lucky. What I want to do is I want to just give you a short history of how I got into this because that will give you, in a certain sense, the ammunition to critique. To what extent is what he's doing any different from other kinds of colonising activity where indigenous capital is taken and reappropriated for somebody else's use. A criticism that we can work through if it's felt to exist. I want to talk briefly about two placemaking projects which to some degree I think typify the application of the proposal in this conference. This proposal that we now sit in a different place in relation to representations of place in Australia and the application of those insights to the practical purposes of urban design or for that matter landscape design. So a place where some of these issues and themes which have been separate now just coalesce in a quite chaotic fashion. So I'll be referring to Golden Grove which is a landscape work at the University of Sydney and to Passenger which is a work in progress at Jaigansquare, named for an early freedom fighter as we would say now for the Noongar people and Jaigansquare is the new civic square in the centre of Perth. So when the Premier decided to rename it he's certainly up to the ante. When I was writing the road to Botany Bay shortly after coming to Australia I was very taken from the very beginning about the challenge of interpreting indigenous art. In this case a plate from Grey's expeditions into Western Australia. The way in which he describes and indeed as you can see represents a one-genar figure from the Kimberley was to me a classic example in those early days of how a cultural frame laid over an unfamiliar visual object produces certain kinds of clear distortion. So this figure gets changed obviously into a Semitic kind of or Babylonian priest and indeed as you'll know if you're familiar with the passage in which Grey responds to this he attempts to offer it a genealogy from outside of Australia. There's a whole set of drawings in that second volume of the expeditions. The other reason for mentioning that even in those early days what fascinated me was the extraction of the rock art from the volumetric. So it's presented on a flat page whereas of course and it's a project I'm now going back to in a different context. These are echo locations. There are places where there are certain kinds of multi-sensory resonance.


Hey everyone, this one is just a quick follow-up video for last week's video on SEO for WordPress websites part one. Now there's some new information I got and I feel this is important enough to make a follow-up so that way everybody is getting the correct information. For me, that's really important. Last week's video was on adding HTML5 semantic tags to your Elementor and Bricks website. And those are the tags like your header tag, your footer tag. The main article, a side tag. Those are the main HTML5 semantic tags that basically tells Google this is the part of your website and they're really important to use the right way in order to make your website SEO friendly. Now while doing this, I've always had a bit of a challenge adding the header, footer and main tag with Elementor and I used workarounds that I found. And a big thanks to Joe and a big shout out as well for leaving a comment inside the video showing a better way of adding your header and footer tag to your headers and footers. So I want to show you that way because it's much better and in fact I'm in the process of changing and updating our websites as well and I have to say this is why I love creating content so much because we're all learning here as part of a community. We're all inside this process, this growth process and learning process and we're doing it together. So I'm really happy to do this and I'm really grateful to all of you as well participating and also sharing your knowledge and experience inside comments inside videos like this and other places where we're creating content and learning stuff about Elementor and web design stuff like that. Okay so really quickly I'm going to show you the updated way to add your header tag, your footer tag and I found a workaround to add the main tag as well in Elementor which is much easier. It's a very simple way so it's going to be really quick let's take a look. So we're going to pick up right where we left off in the last video and let's go ahead and start with the header. So I'm going to edit the header and the goal was to add a header tag around the entire header. Now before I was using a different method and usually I would just go to the section and I'll go to my HTML tag which you see I have here and that works because it does wrap the header around it and then right here we have our navigation. So as long as a header tag wraps around our nav that's great. That's what Google wants to see but the problem with this is we'll sometimes have multiple sections like I'll have another section up here and that's where in the last video I found my challenge but this is where Joe's solution came something that I completely overlooked. So I'm going to move this back over here from the HTML tag in the section. I'm going to change this to a div. And then in the section above it I'm also going to change to a div. And the reason why I'm making this a div and not a section is because a section should be in the middle of the web page showing like here's a section of content here's a section of content and so on. So we're going to make these divs but now we need to wrap it up in a header tag and we're going to do that down here inside the settings section right here and we can go and wrap it around in the HTML tag as a header. Now I have to be honest I never really worked with inside the settings right here. So this was awesome seeing the solution. This solves the problem that I found last time. So I'm going to go ahead and check it out inside our inspect element. Let's inspect and if we go here this is what we want to see. We want to see that header and everything at the top of the page wrapped up inside the header tag. Now we could do this as well with the footer. Same exact thing. So I'm going to go over here to my footer section. I'm going to go to the section right here. I'm going to remove the footer tag from there because a lot of the times we may use multiple sections or containers depending on the version of elements we're using. I'm going to put a div. I'm not going to use a section. I want to use a div here. Then I'm going to go to the settings and right here inside the settings for our footer settings. This is where I'm going to add the footer tag. Let's go ahead and update this and take a look in our front end. All right let's inspect this and there we go. We got our footer tag. There's only divs inside of it. That's good. So this is the correct way to do the footer and the header. Main thing is we want that footer tag wrapping around your entire footer. The header tag wrapping around your whole header. And to make sure you have that nav tag inside your header. More of that is inside the other video so you could check those out. But I did find another solution though for adding the main tags. I saw somebody comment like, hey, I got the main tag. And I'm like, that's strange because I don't. Let me see what's happening here. So I'll click on inspect element. And I notice inside the body we have our header. And usually the main tag should be right below the header and right above the footer. So the right way to have your structure for your semantic tags is your header, then main, and then footer. And then inside your main tag you'll have your sections that break up the different parts of the webpage. But I didn't find any options for this but I did find the solution. I found out how to get this to work. All right, so let's go here to edit with Elementor. And then here I'm going to go back to the settings. And I found it was having it on Elementor full with that causes. So if I go to theme, and I use the theme settings and I'm using hello theme. Let me go ahead and update this. Take a look at the front. Let's look at our inspect element so we could see our HTML. And then right here underneath the header we have our main.  And if we're to go back over here, let's go back to our page settings. Then we just got to go on high title and remove that top bar. It'll remove that H1, so it's not even inside our HTML. And that's it. It's really simple and easy to do. And for me it was really important to make this update because I want to show everybody how to do things the best way possible. I'm very big on best practices. And look at when we're creating websites and we're getting into the world of web development and web design, it is a constant journey to learn and improve to try to build processes systems and constantly trying to optimize everything, including our own education and skills. And that's the reason why, again, I love doing this because we're here learning as a community. And if you want to continue learning how to make your websites SEO friendly and just learning about web design Elementor and now bricks coming out. Well, make sure to subscribe, like, do all that good YouTube stuff. I really hope you found this helpful. Thank you everyone and I'll be back again soon.