With that, we'll now step into one of our standing panels that we have every year. It's a panel on easily the most fast-moving area of drug discovery and drug development, still with immense challenges, but now also immense opportunities. This year, we add a wrinkle, as we do in every panel, which is COVID-19 and the effects that the pandemic is having on oncology drug development. And it's a great pleasure to introduce our panel moderator, Raju Kokhrilapati. Please, Raju. Andy, thank you very much. It's my great pleasure to be a part of this annual event, which is great, and the program has been going tremendously well. We have a great panel for our discussion today, and we have Alice Reisen from Tech Clinic, and we have Laurie Glimcher. And just as an aside, it turns out that Laurie's son, Jake Archencloss, was declared to be the winner of the Democratic primary for the first district of Massachusetts, and so therefore is most likely going to become the new congressman from Massachusetts. And Laurie, congratulations. And then we have Phil Archen from Bayer, and Rehan Bershey from Serono, and Tony Hall from CRISPR therapeutics. So as Andy pointed out at the beginning, there's an explosion in the knowledge about the human disease, and cancer has been leading this knowledge explosion, and so the last 15 years has seen a tremendous amount of change in the way that we've been able to treat cancer patients, and the outcomes for these cancer patients has changed tremendously. But as many people pointed out, the pandemic has an effect on this. We'll stop the discussion, and I would ask Laurie to make a comment. Laurie, how did COVID affect treatment of patients, and did the pandemic affect the overall survival outcomes for patients in treatment? Well, thanks, and I'll let it to be on this panel. Thanks for inviting me to join, and thanks for the kind words about my son, Jake Archencloss. Dana-Farber has certainly, as all hospitals have, seen the impact of the pandemic, and cancer patients, of course, are more susceptible to developing COVID-19 because they're immunosuppressed. But I will say that I've been just overwhelmed and inspired by the way that Dana-Farber and other cancer centers have stood up to make our patients feel safe and welcome. We certainly did the best we could to reduce the risk to patients coming in using a number of methods to do that, including trying to put patients who could be switched from intravenous chemotherapy or infusions to oral medications without affecting the course of their cancer. But I do think that, as Ned Sharpless said, who's the director of the NCI, that we are going to see an increase in cancer mortality over the next year or so because there was a 96% decrease in the number of screenings for colonoscopies, mammograms, pap smears. And so we clearly have seen a decrease in the number of new patients that come in who have been diagnosed with cancer. That's obviously not good for cancer because if we can catch cancer when it's at stage one, we can pretty much cure it. But if it is already metastasized, then we have a more difficult journey ahead for those patients. Dana-Farber did not cease their clinical trials for cancer. As we all know, cancer clinical trials were allowed to proceed. Some cancer centers were not able to do that. But Dana-Farber did continue enrolling patients because 20% of our patients, their best option is to be part of a clinical trial. So a tough time for all of us, but I think that cancer centers around the world have done their very best to provide a safe environment and to continue treating our cancer patients who need us. Laurie, thank you. Thank you very much. And so that actually leads to the next question for all of the panel members. How is this in a COVID pandemic affecting new development of new cancer drugs and therapies? And is this, first of all, is this having an impact on overall clinical trials? And is it also having an effect on R&D? Is it going to change the timing of approval of drugs and the development of new drugs that everybody's anticipating? So maybe we could start with Phil. Yeah. Thank you very much. And I would like to also express my gratitude for being part of the panel. I think it's fair to say that throughout the world, clinical trials in oncology are recruiting at a slow pace for the exact reasons Laurie just mentioned. It's difficult to get the patients to show up at clinical centers, but it's also pretty clear that the diagnosis of cancers are happening at a slow pace because our medical professionals are busy treating patients with COVID-19 and for that reason have less attention to also tracking and discovering early cancers. There is one area in particular where I see a lot of increased activity and that's in the field of repurposing drugs as antivirals and actually quite a lot of the drugs acting on metabolism, cell proliferation, cell division are drugs that come out of cancer screening programs and some of them have shown both based on digital and in silico tools, promising effects on viral metabolism and viral replication. And I'm pretty sure that some of the new antivirals we'll see could come out of repurposed cancer screening programs and I think we'll see that there is a joint effort here that's unprecedented. Many different companies come together in public-private partnerships and try to find fast-track opportunities to really bring forward new antivirals. So maybe just to frame it because we've looked pretty broadly at basically what have been the patterns I think in terms of clinical trial disruptions in oncology and the data is actually quite interesting. What it suggests is during that critical phase about two percent of all oncology clinical trials were impacted by COVID. Some of those which has sort of impacted suspended and some of those have been permanently discontinued and to put that let's say into context it's about 300 clinical trials it's sort of the estimate at this stage and so that's in terms of volume of activity. It's almost like the entire volume of clinical trial activity for a major enterprise, something like Roche, which basically has a portfolio of around 300 clinical trials that they're going to be running at any given time. So that gives you a sense of I think one aspect of the magnitude. I think what's been encouraging is that 60% of those trials have resumed and so I think that's positive and generally speaking I think the common refrain is that more than anything it's really just a case of delays in about four to six months I think in the conduct of those trials. I think what that analysis doesn't sort of tell you is what are the trials that were going to be initiated that weren't initiated. There were estimates there that basically about 60% of those trials potentially was sort of impacted and what it also doesn't tell you is the research activity and how that was impacted. I think Cancer Research UK had some very interesting data and I think when you look at charities that raise a lot of money and basically put that money into cancer research I think they've been particularly impacted and Cancer Research UK is a good example. I think they said that in about they estimate that they put in about 400 million every year and around 150 million I think there's a reduction that they're sort of anticipating. So I think if you put that all in context I think what it says is that there's definitively an impact. It's not catastrophic but definitely I think there's an impact and I think what's been interesting though for sure is the adaptations and I think a lot of the adaptations that have been made both on the provider side the side side and I think on the company side are arguably going to be sort of here to stay and they range from what can you do in terms of remote site initiation, remote visits, remote monitoring, ensuring that you get investigational product direct to patients, administration of investigational medication outside of the actual center and a lot of these things are moving and so I genuinely believe that while there has been an impact it's been an important learning and arguably an important pivot point for the way that we actually do clinical research and I think that not only will that potentially make things more efficient in the future based on the learnings but certainly I think it buffers against a similar sort of impact if COVID comes back as a second wave. Thank you very much Alice. Yeah just a couple things to add to that. On the last point I think it will potentially because of sort of trials at home which I hope will continue it could increase the number of patients who get access to trials and therefore make hopefully enrolling trials in the future easier. There were I think just anecdotally I think depending on what was being studied in the clinical trial some studies were impacted more than others I think some of the CAR T studies in particular probably were impacted because of the type of care that's needed for those patients in the short term as well as the amount of immunosuppression that's being given to those patients and concern around that and I think some of that is starting to get back on so I think it was probably a little bit uneven as well similar to what Laurie was saying that even in just regular care physicians were changing how they might treat patients I think you got the same sort of thing depending on what clinical trials they might want to put patients into. Tony? Yeah so I can just tell you sort of our company's experience we were running for CAR T a trial when the COVID hit and you know it sound our side we're temporary on home where it's a prohibit side business so we we actually had to really quickly adopt to sort of the situation shifting enrollment from the site that's open and also learn how to do site activation remotely also how to teach people how to infuse these cells and manage these cell remotely so I think some of the good came out of these adaptations that make us actually much more efficient and at the end we actually look at our timeline didn't slow us down despite all the challenges but it really teaches us a lesson that you know how to overcome these hurdles I think this will like at least saying you know eventually bring benefit to bring clinical trial to more people and and and broaden the reach of class thank you Tony everybody is thinking that as a result of this pandemic that there is going to be a new normal do you think that Laurie the way that you take care of all of the cancer patients at Dana Farber and other places are going to change is there for example significant amount of online consulting or what has been talked about earlier the role of personalized medicine precision medicine going to play an important role in getting for patients oh I think there's any lining to the pandemic it is the lessons we've learned from COVID-19 and amongst those is that uh telemedicine can be very helpful uh Dana Farber was doing about 10 to 15 telemedicine visits a week before the pandemic started and we talked about oh we should really increase these but when the pandemic came within two weeks we were up to 3 000 telemedicine visits a week for our patients now you know people who have cancer need to be seen in person when they initially present the first time a new patient comes that patient needs to be seen in-house because we assemble a family around that person it's not just the medical oncologist it's the radiation oncologist the nutritionist the nurses the physician assistants the the surgical oncologist we like to surround each patient in this in a time that is so fearful for them and they're so anxious with a team of people who are their new family but when you're coming back for return visits many times that can be done very well virtually and we have found actually in our experience that our patients are very happy with telemedicine um for follow-up visits it saves them time and travel and we're able to assemble that team that family virtually as well as we could in person so my guess is that telemedicine is going to be with us for a long time it needs to be reimbursed at the same rates that an in-house visit will be reimbursed otherwise it's going to be very difficult for providers to basically to afford this because telemedicine is is is a financially losing proposition we lose money on telemedicine so i just want to put in a plug for for all providers and for all payers that we do need to be reimbursed at an adequate level in order to keep on doing this but it is good for our patients i think the second thing is that we've learned the second lesson is that you know a lot of people can work remotely we have 5000 employees at Dana Farber 3000 of them are working remotely um obviously our healthcare workers are are in but but financial administrative tasks can be done remotely and i would guess that of those 3000 people now working remotely probably about 1500 will remain working remotely because it helps in a work-life balance if you don't have to spend time getting to work and leaving work so this can be very good for our workforce as well and i think it's also cost-saving we don't need as much space we don't need people writing the tea etc etc so i think we've learned some really important lessons and if i could just say one further thing i just wanted to follow up on philips comment about repurposing drugs cancer drugs and a good example of that is a brutinib which as you know is used for lymphoma for thousands and thousands of people it's safe it's FDA approved and one of our faculty members at Dana Farber saw that the molecular pathways that activate COVID-19 are similar to the pathways that are activated or inhibited by a brutinib and so doing a clinical trial at Dana Farber which looks very promising that in patients who are on ventilators or are in threat of being on ventilators um you can really help prevent that by treating them with a brutinib which is pretty exciting thank you lori alisa do you think that this pandemic is going to have an impact on drug development and uh or there's going to be a new strategies and approaches um well you know one thing i hope is that there's um in the general public they start to more understand the importance of clinical trials and potentially enrolling in clinical trials and as i said before more you can make a clinical trial where it can be done remotely and you don't need patients to be in the clinic the more access you have to patients who live 50 or more miles away from the nearest clinical trial so i am hopeful that it will have an impact in that way and i think as has been discussed you know on other panels i certainly hope there is a greater understanding of the need for investment in r&d and i'll i'll give a pitch it was you know for antibiotic research for resistant antibiotics and and other things i have an id background originally so um something near and dear to my heart because i really think it is something that we will be dealing with in the future and unless we invest in it now we won't be ready for it and and it impacts cancer patients in particular because when you get resistance or organisms you tend to see them earliest infections or immunocompromised bill do you have a comment yeah there there's one thing i i uh wanted to um you know that's essentially um sort of a plea to uh the clinical research community because uh today we have a very large proportion of uh cancer patients being exposed to um uh covid or to the coronavirus and with you know a positive test it should be possible in a real-world setting to understand you know which of the patients on what medicines fare worse which are you know actually you know having a lighter because i don't think it necessarily goes that every patient on um you know cytostatic therapy or more personalized cancer medicines would actually have a worse outcome it might be that the cytokine storms we see in conjunction with covid 19 or actually um you know uh flattened uh and to some extent there could be some benefits there to the case just heard we just heard about in brudenib there might be some of the kinase inhibitors we put patients on that are actually also antivirals and since there are now thousands if not hundreds of thousands of uh patients who've you know been tested positive uh there should be sufficient data material to really understand if um we can you know get some insights from simply just mining the databases rehan well i i would agree and i i would say to maybe just add to Bill's point is i do think that the community has come together in order to to create i think the registries and i think we've started to see some really interesting and informative data start to come from it and and absolutely i think it'll be interesting to see what else we can glean from it um and i would just echo what lori said i think this has been a huge experiment you know we were all forced by the same pressure at the same time to completely you know jump into the future you know a future that we have all been discussing and pontificating about but always resisting because we didn't think it was quite possible to operate in that environment and all of a sudden we've had to do it you know for us we've had to jump into that relationship with physicians with patients and you've had to do the same i think what's what's helped is that it's just been this giant two-sided experiments and everybody's had to adapt at the same time so i believe 100 percent um that we are completely now in a realm of new opportunity um and i think you know it definitely has the prospect of um improving i think patient care and i would also argue back to Elise's point that from a company perspective i think we see tremendous opportunities i think to support um i think access to medicines through the commercial side now in a far more efficient way and i honestly genuinely believe that that could lead to significantly improved investment in r&d across the board and i think that's the challenge that we have to give ourselves 100 percent thank you thank you very much so as we pointed out at the beginning of this conversation that the last 15 years has seen a tremendous revolution in the both the types and the number of cancer drugs and therapies that have become available and these include targeted therapies, immunotherapies, cell-based therapies so what is the perception of all of you in terms of where you know this drug development is going and what are the directions that are taking maybe we'll start with Tony sure i think certainly um you know oncology has progressed uh quite a bit it's very exciting nowadays but i just want to point out you know editing technology like CRISPR help us program cell to gain super ability beyond normal TNK cells for example we can program these cells make them resistant to exhaustion to microenvironment even make them to modulate to microenvironment and endogenous immune response so i think we're just starting to learn how to build these super ability onto these cells and but you know even just a short period of time where we learn quite a bit from them CRISPR really allow us to rapidly prototyping these cells and make multiple versions of these so quickly this the knowledge we gain from these cells in the clinic then can be feedback and refine our design so i think in the future we will be operating more like a technology company rapidly prototyping these cells and learning from them until we achieve pure uh impatience this really uh i think uh as a group transform no CRISPR for example is not a tool company by knowledge driven company in that uh you know knowledge gain will allow us to know what bills and ways that we need to build into the cell for particular tumor type and particular patients and and really the game is eventually gained to cure uh stage thank you uh lori uh you know much of the cancer drug development and therapeutic development really stems from my basic research and are there uh trends at your institution or around the world uh about toward the directions in which cancer therapy is going and what do you think are the prospects for uh developing real cures for cancer but let me say first that this truly the last two decades have been revolutionary for cancer but we really can't be complacent because while the mortality rate from cancer has declined over the last 25 years the incidence of cancer is increasing and alarmingly so in young people an example would be colorectal cancer i i i've seen so many patients come into dana farber who are in their 30s and 40s and who have metastatic colorectal cancer so we have a long ways to go some key priorities i think one of them is an immunotherapy because right now there's only five immunotherapy drugs that are being marketed and they help about 20 to 25 percent of all of our patients and only about 10 or 11 tumors so we have a long ways to go for immunotherapy we need to attack the innate immune system as well as the adaptive immune system we need to control and reprogram the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment that surrounds that tumor it's full of immune cells and other cells that are immunosuppressive gotta figure out how to make them immunoactive we also need to detect cancer earlier because we all know that if you get stage one cancer you can cure it but the 75 percent of people who prevent who present with metastatic disease much harder to give them a good outcome and early detection is a very big priority for dana farber for example you know 10 percent of cancers are inherited we should be able to identify those individuals and protect them with frequent screenings braca one is an example of that and at dana farber we are testing all women who have an ashkenazi jewish background because one out of 40 of them is going to be braca mutant and we can prevent breast and ovarian cancer and now we know that 10 to 15 percent of patients with pancreatic cancer and with prostate cancer also have dna repair mutations so dna repair understanding how to harness our knowledge about dna repair is going to be very important epigenetics this is the future as well it's the it's figuring out how to take a cancer cell and turn it back into a normal cell and that's just the beginning of this field we need more epigenetic drugs and and there's more but i want to emphasize how important it is to continue to fund basic fundamental science because without basic science there is nothing to translate and i think bill kaylan from dana farber is a great example of that he asked a very simple question how does cells sense oxygen and of our 20 to 30 year career he figured out how that happened and now there are drugs that target the pathway that he discovered and he uh just a few months ago received the nobel prize for that work along with peter ratcliffe and greg semenza so we must continue to fund fundamental science there's so much more to do in cancer glory thank you rehan what's the industry perspective yeah well so i think if you you know if you really want to improve survival then the biggest thing that you have to focus on is the early detection and diagnosis so i agree that i think if you if you want to drive up cure rates then you've got to have an immune therapy in the mix um and so from our perspective you know we're we're genuinely really excited obviously about what's happening platform and the opportunity to learn i think from the tremendous efforts uh and successes i think in the field of immune therapy and i fully agree with with with what lori's saying and so um you know what are we most excited about is the prospect of i think building on the platform i think of pd1 pdl1 success with some very rational well-thought out combinations potentially like addressing the tumor suppressive microenvironments at the same time um and i think the other field honestly that i think is is really exciting and i think we're going to see so much more from it um and it has the prospect of just being able to combine so well with immune therapy and drive up response rates and cure rates uh is is the field of adc's antibody drug conjugates uh i think just the prospect of being able to deliver you know cytotoxic with precision um and basically you know drive up the potential to be able to amp up the immune response i think we've seen some really good experiments that are basically showing the promise of that and i do think in the next two to five years that's going to play a pretty big role that's great i'll see your perspective um maybe i'll just mention a few things with a little bit more detail uh first of all the innate immune system i agree with lori that is definitely i think one of the next new hot areas of the immunotherapy and i think there's some emerging data on um changing the balance between um immunosuppressive macrophages and um immunoactive macrophages that's starting to look promising nk cells are really looking promising both nk car cells which look like they've got good efficacy and maybe a better safety profile as well as the ability to give them allogeneically and as well as um nk engagers that look like they activate and then downstream b and t cells i think the idea you know um liquid biopsies i think is going to change um early detection but i think it's also going to change cancer care as it becomes easier to monitor the mutations that a patient's cancer might get over time so you can really on a per patient basis decide what the next best therapy for that patient is i think the next place that needs to open up and i i think we're in the early stages is what the biomarkers are to determine what the best immunotherapy combinations are per patient we've been talking about that for many years i don't think we've seen quite enough advancement there and i'm hoping we'll see that in the near future thank you and we have a question from one of our participants and i invite tim claxon to ask a question of the panel tim thanks garon um i'm not sure whether i can be seen but it's a pleasure to enjoy this this discussion my question is really pivoting back to to the covert discussion earlier and in particular thinking about the challenges about clinical trials i wonder whether the panel thinks that we could or maybe that we should see some elements of regulatory flexibility as the current wave of clinical trials moves forward i'm wondering for example for highly promising experimental therapies whether that could be a greater leaning on single patient ind data at least for accelerated approval and then for drugs that are already on the market maybe a greater leaning on real world evidence so what does the panel think about opportunities to make lemonade out of lemons from the start with phil phil phil do you want to start yeah and yeah especially the the last point you bring up i think there is a chance to actually um uh you know based on real world evidence to qualify that certain therapeutics will be effective and whether you could get an emergency sort of approval through that or whether you would still be needed to run an rct prospectively is obviously off discussion but i think we've seen a lot of flexibility among the regulatory agencies in the u.s. as well as in europe to provide both you know fast approvals of trial protocols as well as um uh exempt approval for a certain therapy so so that's pretty clear i'm not so sure about you know the ability to get i would say uh approval or a go forward signal based on just a single patient or i i don't think we are quite there yet so i personally i don't think we've in bayer had any experience with that but i would also be hesitant to move that forward because at the end of the day it's also the industry's credibility it's at large which is really um you know at stake here and if we push it too aggressively and we end up with too many i would say uh is it a modest or murky data uh without being able to conclude that and i think we're doing ourselves at this service i agree with philip um we do need to be very careful here we need to make sure that we are administering drugs to patients that are safe for sure and also have clinical efficacy and i think we've seen what's happened at least in the united states in that regard we really we really must listen to to people like tony fouchi dr fouchi and be very careful what we do and not approve drugs that don't have very rigorous and uh well-defined efficacy and safety i i actually i actually think there's a risk for the industry right now that if there is lack of confidence in the fda that could negatively impact us and so really the next few months i think are going to be critical we've been in that position before where the fda got much more strict we've recently we've seen it in the opposite direction especially in oncology and we'd hate to go back someone asked about real-world data there is an example of the fda approving a new indication for therapy using real-world data i think um visor's cdk which was approved for women with breast cancer i think their indication in men with breast cancer was based on real-world data i'll ask tony go ahead go ahead i would just like say that as we have seen covet is very important to have strong and validated clinical data many of the supposed therapy that was initially touted you know just uh you know entire six for example turn out to be negative in randomized trials so so i think we we had to be a little bit rigorous here if you approve a drug that turn out to be ineffective in fact you're actually blocking the more effective drug from coming because you know in oncology you always say you have to fail this drug after failed that drug but you fail a a drug that's not very good actually uh slow down the progress in effect so so i do agree i think the other thing we've learned from covet is that there are ways you know sort of um retroagency can sort of demonstrate leadership and flexibility and certainly i always think oncology you know is always a great example where they they show a lot of flexibility and partnership with the industry i think that should be encouraged especially after this lesson on covet and this will help us progress the drug develop much faster tony thank you very much and i want to thank the panel for this great discussion about the exciting things that are happening and it's now time for a five minute break and i want to remind everyone to participate in our online polling uh below this video window you can scroll down to find the panel two questions and please submit your answers and uh well and then we open for one minute thank you very much


A cool down is a part of pretty much every structured cycling workout. You start with easy riding in the beginning to warm up and then you do your intervals or your hard group ride or your race or whatever it is you're looking to achieve that day and then you ride easy again at the end of the ride to cool down. Even if you have absolutely no plan when you head out the door to go for your ride, it's natural to end the ride with a couple minutes of easy pedaling. But is there actually a physiological reason for doing this? Although it may seem odd, would you be just as well off if you jumped off the bike immediately after your hard effort and skipped the cool down completely? Well, I don't know if your body would be better off, but my average speed and average power are definitely higher when I don't do a cool down, which gets more kudos on Strava. So I think we can go ahead and wrap this video up. This is what we're going to be getting into today by taking a look at what the science has to say on this topic, and a good place to start would be by examining the reasons that people give for why a cool down is necessary. Now, there are a wide range of justifications that people give for cooling down, but probably the most common are that it aids with recovery and reduces soreness, clears blood lactate, and helps with injury prevention. Let's start with this recovery claim. This study tested a number of different recovery interventions on netball players to see if they performed better in sprints in the following day after exercise. One of the recovery methods that was tested was active recovery. Now, I know, netball players are not trained cyclists, and I'll be addressing that in a minute. It's also interesting to note that a lot of these studies that test active recovery or cool down also test a variety of other recovery methods. I won't get into how those methods fared in this video, but perhaps that'll be a topic for another video. Back to the study though. They actually found that active recovery had no effect on performance the following day, and muscle soreness was actually higher when subjects cooled down. And this is not the only study that comes to this conclusion. Similar studies find the same thing, like this study that found that active recovery had no effect on performance, muscle damage, doms, or perceived physical state. It would seem from these studies that a cool down is actually not all that important for recovery. And in fact, if you are worried about recovery after a hard workout, then you may actually want to spend more time on the warm up for the workout and not the cool down. For example, this study looking at the effect of warm up and cool down on muscle soreness had subjects do either just a warm up, just a cool down, a warm up and a cool down, or neither in combination with 30 minutes of backwards downhill treadmill walking. Yes, walking backwards downhill for 30 minutes is certainly an odd exercise for the study to choose. But it was probably an exercise that the subjects bodies weren't used to, meaning that they would get more sore from doing it. And then they could see which one of these interventions would make the subjects less sore. And sure enough, what they found was that the warm up did reduce perceived muscle soreness. However, the cool down had no apparent effect, and similar conclusions have been found in similar studies as well. At this point, it may seem safe to conclude that adding a cool down is not helping you recover, but there is a problem with a lot of these studies that I alluded to earlier. And that's that they're generally done on untrained individuals. It isn't too much of a surprise that adding a cool down didn't help these individuals with their recovery because it's further adding to a training stress that they're already not used to. For example, if you took a couch potato and had them ride for 45 minutes, that's 45 minutes longer than they usually ride, and they're probably going to be sore the next day. If you then go ahead and add a 15 minute cool down onto that, then they've significantly increased their training load right there. And they're probably just going to be more sore, even if that cool down was done at an easier pace. Now, to be fair, this wouldn't explain why a warm up is helpful, but a cool down isn't, but I'm trying to play devil's advocate here. For a more experienced cyclist who's used to riding at a higher volume and intensity, adding a cool down is not a significant addition to their training load. So maybe a cool down would be helpful for this person. And there are studies on more highly trained athletes like distance runners and elite level BMX racers that do hint that active recovery may aid in recovery. This study looking at the effect of active recovery on weight lifters found that active recovery does not seem to enhance recovery, although there is a lot of individual variability here. This would mean that active recovery may be beneficial for some people, but not for others. Certainly not any rock solid evidence so far, but another reason that athletes and coaches give for why a cool down is important is that it helps clear lactate that has accumulated over the course of a hard workout. Let's investigate that. As this review article on whether or not we need a cool down puts it, high intensity exercise can lead to an accumulation of metabolic byproducts in the muscles such as lactate, which has traditionally been associated with fatigue. As a result, the rate at which lactate concentration is reduced has frequently been used as an objective indicator of recovery from exercise. There's quite a bit of confusion out there about whether lactate is good or bad, and perhaps that's a topic for another video. Actually, I'm more confused why we started talking about milk all of a sudden. For the purposes of this video, just know that recent research does show that lactate production doesn't cause acidosis, but actually slows it. That being said, lactate production coincides with cellular acidosis and remains a good indirect marker for cell metabolic conditions that induce metabolic acidosis. I got a little bit into the weeds there, but essentially your lactate levels are still relevant when we're talking about acute fatigue. So then, could doing something to clear this lactate at the end of a workout like a cool down be beneficial for recovery? Is doing a cool down even clear lactate any faster? This study looked at the removal of blood lactate with active and passive recovery after a 200 meter swimming trial, and sure enough, they did find that when subjects performed active recovery, the blood lactate removal was quicker. Similar results have been found in other studies as well using other forms of exercise. Okay, so it looks like doing a cool down does in fact help clear lactate faster, but the question still remains, does this actually help with recovery or performance in any way? This review article on the topic is skeptical, stating that after high intensity exercise, rest alone will return blood lactate to baseline levels well within the normal time period between training sessions. Going back to this review, they echo this, stating that blood lactate returns to resting levels within 20 minutes to two hours anyway. No one schedules training sessions that close together, so this whole discussion about faster lactate clearance may be largely irrelevant. It's important to remember that what we're after here is better performance. And of those studies that showed a faster removal of blood lactate with a cool down, subsequent performance was not always improved. The jury is still out on this one, but it seems as though faster lactate clearance once your workout is already done, is unlikely to be a huge concern from a recovery standpoint, because whether it's 20 minutes or two hours, your lactate levels will be at resting level for a considerable amount of time before your next workout. All right, what about injury prevention? This is probably a less common reason for cooling down, although plenty of people do use it as part of the justification for it. Well, cohort studies on runners did not find that a cool down reduced the incidence of injuries. The same has been found in triathletes, and even though more research needs to be done here, the evidence just isn't there to say that cooling down will help with injury prevention. I've got to say this reminds me a lot of the research on stretching, and just like with the cool down, stretching after exercise is commonplace. Or at least a lot of people think it should be, whether or not they actually do it is a whole another question. The video I did on stretching is a couple years old at this point, so let me jog your memory. Studies done on how stretching affects exercise performance have found that stretching before exercise does not improve performance and actually may even reduce the amount of force your muscles are able to produce. When stretching is done after exercise, it doesn't appear to improve recovery, and the practice of stretching in general doesn't even seem to be particularly effective at preventing most types of injuries. Well, it looks like your high school gym teacher was wrong. So, do cool downs fall in the same category? This review provides us with this evidence heat map for cool downs. In green are the number of studies showing benefits. In blue are the ones showing no effect, and in red are the ones showing harm. As we can see, there's a lot of evidence that a cool down will clear blood lactate faster, but what is unclear is whether or not this is actually aiding in recovery. Most studies looking at delayed onset muscle soreness find no effect, and the same goes with same day and next day performance. It does appear that a cool down does not help with muscle glycogen resynthesis, which makes sense. They conclude by stating that few of the proposed benefits are actually supported by research. Again though, more research needs to be done on trained athletes. Is doing a cool down going to make you less sore for your ride the following day? Probably not.  No, not necessarily. I do think that there's still some practical applications to a cool down. First of all, a cool down is generally a good mental breather at the end of a workout. You can breathe a sigh of relief that you made it through and reward yourself with some easy pedaling before you call it done.  They need to ride home first and riding home at an easier pace after the hard work is done just makes sense. Doing a hard workout does not mean that every minute of the workout needs to be hard and in fact in the vast majority of cases, it shouldn't be. Even if you're riding on the indoor trainer, I would still add in a cool down just as a means to get in some more volume. Getting volume in can be difficult when you're riding indoors and adding in a cool down is a relatively mentally easy way to do that. The positive takeaways that I get from this research are this. First, if you're strapped for time and you need to shorten your workout just to fit it in, then the first place that you should take away time is from the cool down because it appears to be the least necessary part of the workout. And the final point is that if you're a racer, doing a cool down like you're supposed to when you cross the finish line rarely actually happens. A lot of times you're talking with your competitors about how the race went or you go and check your placing and your finish time or maybe you flop on the ground hardly able to move. Yeah, that or just head straight to the beer tent. Either way, at least now you can take comfort in the fact that that cool down was probably not super critical. I can't believe I'm saying that, but as always, I'm just here to report on the science. Thanks for watching. If you enjoyed this video, be sure to give it a like, subscribe for more science based cycling videos just like this one, and share this video with your cycling friends. I'll see you in the next one.


Hi, Joseph. This is Ashley with Oxmore Toyota. I wanted to send you over a quick video greeting that way you can see who you're speaking with. Thank you for taking the time to speak with me earlier today about your interest in the new RAV4. I want to hit and send you over a little bit more information about us and also our current inventory for you to look over at your convenience. If anything interests you, just let me know. I'll be happy to get more information. You can give me a call. My number is<PHONE_NUMBER> or email me back. Thanks. Bye.


What's going on everybody? Dots are doing it back at it again. Why do I keep? I've done this video a couple of times and I trashed it because I was playing with a full villain team because I Saw one of the comments and I said back at it again, and I don't use that phrase ever I don't know why I keep saying that today But it yeah, so I was playing a full villain team. I lost my Super Saiyan 3 rank it went pretty awfully so I Awfully it went pretty awful So I decided to cut it down to just sell because I actually think he's kind of a fun character And I wanted to learn this corner loop. So I did I put some time to that and Yeah, just been enjoying sell and going through my character crisis. Oh god. That was clean. I Still don't know the mid-screen corner for sell. Oh, yeah, I should just be using that, huh? Boom nice Let's get Bardock back in here. Oh, yeah, a lot of Bardock's like to do that They like to end with that move because it is safe on block or plus on block I guess I should say yeah, see plus I'm not gonna interrupt that if you if they do that You just got to interrupt them before they do it to you. Oh Man he really cut me off Is it gonna level three me here level one? Yeah, good stuff So yeah, the DLC news should be coming out on the 17 really looking forward to covering that stuff Wow, I ran into his punches there Yeah, I mean that it's just been a kind of a Slow couple of week. Well, not not weeks really.  Actually, I think I could have level one. Hmm My bad, maybe not So yeah, I haven't been able to play for a while here Which is kind of unfortunate Grab them. Yes, you like them. Oh mistimed that pretty but bad God, it's been so what it's been so long since I've done a Anything live like this? Oh So please forgive the oh I got pummeled look at the speed. I'm gonna pop sparking pretty soon here.  Okay. I really do need a pop sparking or get Broly out of here Either option is okay with me Popping it. Oh, I could have done so much more and I missed my jab. Okay, so we're getting sent flying here Yeah, then that we can just oh, I forgot about that option. It's been so long Actually, I don't I think in the very last ranked video we played against the hit Don't ever try to down heavy me.  Thank you, Arces For the damage now. Let's try to get more sell in this next one Let's try to definitely get more sell in this next one because After all he is the new Well, why would you click buttons after that? All right? I guess he saw the mix-up coming. I don't know what that was Safe, so I'm not doing anything.   All right. All right my turn for some offense. Oh Yikes All right. I'll go this way Nice here we go up top vanishing Wow, that was bad. I didn't expect to switch there honestly. No sell Wow, okay, wake up buttons. I just mistimed my punch Going down That wasn't real. Please tell me I jumped.  I don't know much about hit That's really a lot more. I should work a lot more on my defense in this game All right, at least we got a dead hit here Boom blast them out blast them off the face of the earth Um, probably should start working on getting Broly in here because I'm going to die. Oh Let's go. That was awesome. I love Broly's Key Blast. Oh Too high too high Wow, I'm actually going to Get a lot of damage here So much so that I'm okay with doing this Mmm, come here Probably should do the level three there. No, I put myself in the corner Nice Probably should a level three there. I have seven bars. I'm really saving a lot of bars here. Wow, that did not work Okay, that didn't work. I thought that would work. I was I was kind of doing it on the fly No sparking left for either of us though. Oh Okay, this should be should be my game Boom nice easy peasy Easy peasy just down to my last character cell got wiped and Broly also followed suit Of net easy peasy now into the final game here. Hopefully Cell will actually be able to do something Yeah, Cell's second light really sends him flying which is something. I'm not used to Probably should do the heavy version, right? Forgot to use my second jump already. I Messed up so bad there. Oh behind me Didn't mean to bear hug you Nice, here we go. I might have done it too fast there I'm fine with getting Broly in here to super armor is way out of tough situations Nice, okay, so did a pretty good amount this match But you know, we're definitely gonna try to get him back in here. Oh god. We're getting rocked by head again Nice Going up That was cell boom rock them Nice, okay, so let's try to get cell back in here right into the corner and let's see if we can't finish them off with a Cell loop Okay, here comes the cell loops. Oh Yikes This this ain't no cell loop. I've ever seen this Realistically isn't a cell loop that I've ever seen. Are you sparking for this? I use sparking for that All right, well, let's hope that sparking can last at least a little longer Super Dash Super Dash. Oh We just ducked under it still my turn Okay, we should be able to do something here. That's not pretty bad there Take this with you. Take this with you. Come on. Come on. Come on. Finish finish. Yeah That's moving so good. All right. Well, we took it in the end cell kind of performed admirably in that last match Been kind of super sick lately. So sorry if I haven't been putting out as much Dragon Ball Fighter's content as you guys would like Hopefully you guys still enjoy this ranked series leave a like and a comment letting me know if you do and I'll definitely keep them coming to you guys alongside some of my other videos and Yeah, be looking forward for that DLC guy DLC news guys 17th is when it should leak. So be on the lookout for a video for me on that day. See ya


My name is Sam Vakny. I am the author of Malignan Self-Lover, Narcissism Revisit. If you are married to a narcissist, or are in an intimate relationship with one, my unequivocal advice is, cut your losses, count your blessings, get away, maintain a no-contact policy. But if you can't live without him, if you insist on staying with him, then I have a few bits of advice for you. First of all, never disagree with the narcissist or contradict him. Never offer him any real intimacy. Narcissists are scared of intimacy. They will withdraw. Look owed by whatever attribute matters to him. Admire him for his professional achievements, for his good looks, or even for his success with women. Never remind him of life out there. And if you do, connect it somehow to his sense of grandiosity and uniqueness. Do not make any comment which might directly or indirectly impinge on his self-image, omnipotence, judgment, omniscience, skills, capabilities, professional record, or even omnipresence. Listen attentively to everything the narcissist says, and agree with it all. Don't believe a word of it, but let it slide as if everything is just fine, business as usual. Personally, offer something absolutely unique to the narcissist, which he cannot obtain anywhere else. Be prepared to line up future sources of narcissistic supply for your narcissist because you will not be it for very long. If you take over the procuring function for the narcissist, if you're in charge of obtaining narcissistic supply, the narcissist becomes that much more dependent on you, which makes it a bit easier for you and a bit tougher for him to pull his haughty stuff or to abandon you. Be endlessly patient, and go way out of your way to be accommodating, thus keeping the narcissistic supply flowing liberally and keeping the peace, relatively speaking. Be endlessly giving. This one may not be attractive to you, but it's a take it or leave it proposition. Narcissists take, they don't give, that's who and what they are. Be absolutely emotionally and financially independent of your narcissist. Take what you need, the excitement, the engulfment, and refuse to get upset or hurt when the narcissist does or says something dumb, rude or insensitive. Yelling back works relatively well, but should be reserved for special occasions when you fear that your narcissist may be on the verge of leaving you. The silent treatment is a better option as an ordinary response, but it must be carried out without any emotional content. More with the air of boredom, off-handedly, like, I'll talk to you later when I'm good and ready and when you are behaving in a more reasonable fashion.  Treat him as such.  But remember, your cerebral narcissist will not be indifferent to your infidelity, so maintain discretion and secrecy. But still, you cannot be expected to live an asexual life without sex. If your narcissist, on the other hand, is somatic and you don't comply with his wishes for you to join in three sons or in group sex, there may be repercussions.  Either you do, or you don't. It's up to you. But in any case, make sure that the narcissist chooses properly. Narcissists are heedless and very undiscriminating in respect to sexual partners, and that can be very problematic. Sexually transmitted disorders and blackmail come to mind. If you are a fixer, then focus on fixing situations before they become situations. Don't for one moment delude yourself that you can fix the narcissist. This simply will not happen. It's not because narcissists are stubborn and won't listen to you, but simply they cannot be fixed. If there is any fixing that can be done, it is to help your narcissist become aware of his condition. And this is very important. Don't do it with negative implications or accusations. Living with a narcissist is like living with a physically handicapped person and being able to discuss calmly and unemotionally and constructively what the limitations and the benefits of the handicap are and how the two of you can work with these factors rather than trying to change them or working against them. Most importantly, I think, is know yourself. What are you getting from the relationship? Are you a masochist? Are you a codependent? Why is this relationship attractive and interesting to you? Define for yourself what good and beneficial things you believe you are receiving in this relationship. And define the things that you find powerful to you. Develop strategies to minimize the harm to yourself. Don't expect that you will cognitively be able to reason with the narcissist to change who they are. You may have some limited success in getting your narcissist to tone down or to modify his behavior, the more harmful one. Anything that affects you, you can try to ask your narcissist to change but it's a pretty fruitless and futile effort. Even the minimum changes that can be introduced into the behavior of a narcissist can be accomplished only in a very trusting, frank, open and holding relationship.  Look after yourself. Be your best friend, not his.


responsible And you need to look out for yourselves too liability wise So Amy thank you team My thinking is very much along the lines of john's What about the kind of compromise if I do this to talk about Actually, that's an interesting compromise. It wouldn't have to be once year. I did think that five or six times a year, you know Whatever not of it everybody's in favor, but I guess in my Thinking was is that even going to be really popular or really special if it's just kind of a given at that point You kind of want to make it rare and unique. I think Um So First of all, we look at the kind of the survey that was done just going by the figures people have called in 69 of the people against it 27 for it and you know the way I like to think of things in the town as we try to do things That benefit to most amount of people If 69 of the people have called in or against it, that's a red flag to me that there's a lot of people against this But you know, I hear a lot of positive feedback from the people that are here tonight um I guess I would lean if I was going to Put my two cents into this. I agree with what john is thinking about the safety issues and also uh, judith is raised the same um You know, I I would be in favor of the once a year compromise with safety training as mandatory and with the safety of police there on either end of the Blockade so you either have a state police or you could have the shares So the only way I would be in favor of it would be once a year event. I guess that's right my compromise on that And I don't know uh, what everyone else thinks of that Would we also consider possibly establishing the committee to manage this because one of the lct's comments was that the town managed this I would really prefer not to do that and put that on my plate This has already taken an incredible amount of time just to get to this point So I'd kind of like to be out of county road for at least I don't know Two months of my career here would be great So I'd like to have someone else field all of that um, because I just Don't really frankly have the time. Yeah to plan an event john articulated very well and and you have as well that um the concerns that vlct Uh put out and for those who haven't seen them they're available on the town website in connection with this this meeting and Yeah, it sounds like to be properly covered. We need to Uh, either take it within an existing town committee. I don't know if the the rec committee Is it all interested in this or we need to create a new committee? That will hound it but we sound it sounds like we have a working group working on it already uh larry Do you think the members of the working group would be amenable to being appointed as town committee members? So, um, I can't speak for the group. Sure. Just just one sure.  Yes or no And then if there's a desire on your part to say If you vote no on this, um, but go ahead and do it one time If that's Something that you're proposing then we'd have to go back and say well Do we want to we want to put in the effort to make this happen at one time or? Or not and right. I mean, I'm sure that the training would be would be great. I don't think anybody would object to that Having it under the town umbrella. I think would be fine. I don't see any reason why that would be a bad idea But um, we came to you with a specific proposal and we'd like you to vote on that Give your proposals six times correct. Yeah I think you need somebody to make that motion and That would be the first step in coding on So I'm not a musician to make a make a motion I'll be chairman. Yeah, I I hear the request and um I I don't hear the level of support for six times a year Right now and rather than proposing something that would get voted down I don't think You know if we're going to split this I don't think that one is halfway in between six and zero Um, I I would propose that we try it for this coming year. It'd be a one-time thing and we make it contingent on the committee and working with the the town to satisfy our insurers concerns About this. So it would be contingent on committee coming back at a future date saying, okay, here here are how the concerns That have been laid out and here's how we are satisfied them and maybe it means We make some appointments at that time. Maybe it means something else. I think we need to figure that out but I'd be willing to make a motion to um X to Accept the proposal to close down county road three times a year recognizing that that's not exactly the proposal coming from the committee on on a sunday for three hours between nine and 12 a.m If if that's something that I could get a second from and again contingent on us working out the details of the Of the coverage Well, that's changing that proposal to three That's correct. Right, and it's also changing it by saying it's continued on us working on the details of the coverage They they asked for a blank check to do that and I don't think under any circumstances We should give that because we have good concerns about I think you also have to designate somebody That's going to be a point person besides our town administrator on this issue Because she's like swamped with it and doesn't want to be swamped for sure sure Uh, uh I mean You're gonna have to ask this gentleman here whether he's happy with it three times And I don't think you've got the support from the psych board to vote on that affirmatively so What do you think? Mr. Gilbert Okay, we'll take three if you want to vote if you want to vote yes for three I will we'll we'll take it as a start. I'm not saying I'm voting. Yes I understand that but if if if you want to amend it to three and see if it passes then I guess that's Okay, I'd be curious to see how that goes. It does appear that six is not going to He's going to make a motion Carl He's making a motion. We don't have a second for you. We'll see what happens. That's great. Yeah, all right So now you're looking for a second. I know okay So this is contingent on everything being favorable all the stars lining up and you know, it turns out that it's not I will second that then Okay, all those in favor, please say I Well, you asked for more discussion first. Oh, no, I'm not going to ask for more discussion We have a lot of this stuff to do so all those in favor, please say hi. Hi You've got two eyes. Is that correct? I was opposed. Please say no Okay, the motion is loaded down so now I think the ball is in Mr. Gilbert's court Appreciate you taking all this time tonight and all the work that's going into it up into this I honestly didn't think it was going to create This much work for anybody right seemed like a simple proposal to me We'll circle back and maybe you'll see us again with something new Yeah, the thing about um You coming back in contact would be nice if we didn't overwhelm our talent administrator with this task So I think that we ought to have a different person for this Maybe we can have it go to the rec committee. I mean just on that topic like maybe we can appoint or You know assign this project or this review of the application to the rec committee You know like the preliminary You know Yeah I think that what you should do is you should go on on the town website We have it and read some of the comments back from our insurance provider It's not instrumentable. I mean what you need to do is look and see what they suggested you do that we have you doing that we do and if you can meet those Then you may have a better vote next time It's just that I want to suggest somebody else that they could come in contact with right um juice taking about the rec committee Can try that Can ask them. Yeah. Yeah, I'm I'm willing to to be a sockboard liaison. Okay. I think that would be appropriate Um, I'd like to take the pressure off the town administrator. Absolutely. So yeah, so um larry. I mean mr. Gilbert. Can can you direct your Request to carl? Okay Okay, thank you And he has contact information for him on the website Okay, thank you very much Thank you. Thank you for everyone coming in. Thanks everyone participating in the robust discussion All right Our next item is access permit On one of the moon. Do we want to take up roses? So she can go home Okay, yeah, this isn't gonna take long I'll take all the roots and yeah, okay access permit For patrick sulden on 24 16 hornet moan road Oh judith. Yes Sorry, I just had a question The way that the property is described it's in a residential area yet the need for the access permit Or the additional cut was to You know assist in the farm operation um, so I wasn't quite appreciating the need and it appeared inconsistent with the current use of the so that um, yeah, I I was Concerned about that discrepancy You're saying that you're concerned whether it needs a access permit Yeah, the application it's checked off for the property's residential but The narrative that we you know, um, the reasoning for it is to facilitate the farm operation And perhaps in the future have some residential housing for farm workers So it wasn't identified as an agricultural use That that's my question or concern Yeah, if it was ag use you wouldn't have to have an access permit. Hmm. You do not have to have one. Yeah, no I I get that but the re and I don't know where this came from because it's not in the application. I think it was in the Um, this is really neat. I talked to uh tyson about it. So I knew that he was speaking with mr. Sullivan um and guffrey So this is really my commentary not necessarily directly just from my speaking with the road foreman and the zoning administrator. Yeah, so I guess i'm not understanding what the need is like why there's a need for a second driveway in this residential Because they're going to build some farm housing But farm housing is A resident for somebody to live Yep, and i'll I think that's why it's probably checked the way that it is So they're trying to do it right by not saying it's just farm access. They're trying to do it. It could be somebody living there Going in a driveway. I I just had a question or is that okay though? I mean, no, I I just wanted to identify that Okay, okay Thank you. Yeah So it looked like this was okay with guffrey. Yes. Yeah, and it looks like the um The potential farm housing like there are no issues with that Yeah, okay, so tyson tyson wants us to go ahead and he thinks it's right for us to make a decision Oh, yeah, yeah, okay He's just I just don't think they've gotten the permit completely. It's been discussed But yeah, I don't think the official paperwork's been finalized. Yeah, okay. So what guffrey says it needs a culvert. Yeah, right. Yeah, right Yeah, the drawing was actually done by the landowner as well showed a culvert It's on my back. It could be the last year second page. Yeah, so we can Oh, so if we approve the permit as it's written then will culvert be mandatory. Yes, okay. Yes Yep, I think we need a motion. Well, I'll I'll be on the winning side of a motion I I move to approve this access permit 23 003 a second Uh, any further discussion? I was a favor, please say I Yeah, I just appear to have it. They do have it Um, can we just make a sign right? Yes. Yeah, it's right here. I have a right. Um All right Oh, that's right. Um, okay, so access permit's done discussion on time answering why it's COVID-19 We're low The numbers are what they say they are okay, and I'll I'll make further observations in it for an additional meeting in the future We have COVID tests for anybody watching the video here with an eye on the clock Oh Very good. Yeah Time management's call. Uh, we have warrants. Yes. I look them over. I thought they There's nothing exciting at all about them I Most boring warrants I've ever seen So while we're doing the warrants, we have a time administrative report There's really not much on there. Tyson's out this week. I forgot to take February 20th off, but he was out last week too. Um And the next meeting schedule, obviously next week is regular meeting on Monday But that will also be the town meeting forum. Yeah town meeting on Tuesday Then the next one we have is march 20th and then April 3rd. So if everyone can just check their schedules and Yeah, I won't be here. I won't be here on the 3rd, but I could I could zoom in I have some really bad news for you guys I will not be I will not be a town leader What I can't do it. What can't uh, what I'm speaking to the camera can't I'm good. I I have an opportunity to go to colorado for the week So I know what Yeah I I really I A little upset about it, but it'd be a lot more my wife would be a lot more upset if I said I was going to town meet so You know how they say A happy wife is a happy life So you won't be there. I won't love you there. Wow Okay, I'm sorry about that. Okay. So town ministry report you that's it. Yeah, I got me all kind of trouble here now Other other business. Yes. I'm other business Okay So unfortunate Oversights, I guess is what we'll call it the Article five for the Kellogg Hubbard library appropriation did not get printed on the ballot Number reasons for none of them are great, but it is what it is so After speaking with the town attorney and with the secretary of state's office not in that order um, we have The solution to the problem is that we will need to call another meeting We will need to the select board will need to adopt a resolution after town meeting stating that this was in fact an oversight um and that That we will It'll be basically another election. It won't be another town meeting per se the in person thing It will Be a single ballot with a single question on it um a single yes or no the thought process Is that we handle it exactly the same as we did the other ballot in that we mail it out to all voters because that's how we did it the first time Which is an additional cost. I apologize So we aren't able to make The resolution or warning meeting until after town meeting, which is next week You folks don't have another meeting scheduled until the 27th Which would The 20th Sorry the 20th Okay, I thought that was on my advice. So the 20th. So the earliest that we would be able to Hold another meeting would be thursday april 20th So I guess what I want you to think about is Do we want to keep to having all elections on tuesdays? That's what people are used to Do you have any issue with having this particular election here at the town office? and When would we like to do we want to do this prior to the 20th of a the 20th your meeting on the 20th I'm not aware of any budgetary reason why it would need to be done any sooner Because I don't believe the funding goes out to the calabar library until well after july 1st Um, so we why do we have to have another meet? Because because it was duly warned. Yeah, and it didn't appear on the ballot and we can't Vote for it on the floor because it was supposed to be printed right So, you know, um, and we can't put out ballots now we we can't reprint the current ballot and Basically your your town meeting ballots have to be available within 20 days of town meeting. Oh, okay. So we already did that once right Yeah, so yeah, so because our ballots have already gone out too close. Yeah, it's too close Yeah, and if we were to try to say have that happen tomorrow um, anyone could actually Dispute the result of the bat that that article as well as the result of the other other articles on the ballot And we don't want to do that Well, they could they could dispute the other ones. Yes Because they could say people didn't have the opportunity to research or vote or vote the way they wanted to or that People were gone and weren't given the same 20 day period And so you can't have the vote the new vote within a certain amount of time It's got to be warned at least 30 days after town meeting And I mean if you wanted to have an impromptu special select board meeting on town meeting night Then you could certainly do that To just take care of this one resolution so that we could create the warning Actually, I would have the warning ready for you So that you could authorize a warning to do it. Um It's a no huge rash Pardon no huge ration. No, there isn't necessarily so if you want to wait until your meeting on the 20th That's fine with me. I just want to be able to go to the Kellogg Hubbard library Explain what the situation is and what the resolution is I didn't want to go to them with a problem and just say hey, we don't know how we're going to handle this the resolution Is the resolution is that the select board Move a resolution That we hold a special town meeting For the purpose of voting for the Kellogg Hubbard library article So are you asking us to take a vote tonight? No, okay. No, we're just trying to figure it out. I'm asking about timing Got it. Okay. So I want to see if this is something that you folks are willing to act on on the 20th Or if you wanted to do it sooner Okay, so we do it on the 20th then you say we have to have a town meeting We have to have it's it's an election It's just like when the school when the school merger was happening every month We had a new election. So we have to mail out ballots everybody will have to mail out ballots Then we'll have to be provided so that they're 20 days out in advance Okay, and then the meeting we have to have an actual physical meeting. No No, we have to have an informational meeting 10 days up to 10 days prior And that may actually be a good time for the Kellogg Hubbard library folks to come in and chat if they want to We already heard them chat. Right. Okay. We're done with that. So legally what if I understand correctly? This is a special town meeting And the only item is yeah, they An australian ballot item. So I don't know where there are moderators needs to come. No, he does He does nothing on the floor. Okay. He doesn't have it. Basically. It's mail out ballots. It is mailing out ballots And and conducting it in elect an election. Yes, 7 a.m. Just 7 p.m. Staff and coming to the ballot, right?  Yeah on town meeting Please vote this ballot as you would have on town meeting return it to us or whatever the language is going to be We don't need to use the tabulator. So there's no programming. It's a simple yes or no We can simply do a hand count It's not anywhere near as complicated as regular town meeting is I do apologize for the error. There were Um Many extenuating circumstances. Um, first of all, this is the first year. I've ever been involved with it. Yes, I know And I don't think it's your it was a bunch of people Didn't catch it. So it's all of us a bunch of people didn't catch it and I was one of them so Yeah, but I did get um some feedback from one person on the bca and it's not a bad idea um, so next year We're going to have one select board member and one jp Compare the warning and the ballot Side by side I will ask for volunteers at our pre-town meeting bca meeting because it's a really quick turnaround We literally have 24 hours to get it done Which is part of the problem frankly um, so that's that's sort of um More of a check and balance. Yeah fix to the problem Well, I think that's a good idea where I was coming from is just this kind of A big thing and how can we prevent it in the future? Right? That's really where we're at And you know the solution is as you say We'll have the meeting on the 20th of april and cast a resolution Like April would be when the election would actually happen. Okay. So march 20th Yeah march 20th is like board meeting march 20th I would propose that you have a warning ready for you and prepared as well as the language for the resolution And once that resolution is moved I'm Going to ask you to sign that warning and it will be posted the next day So the but the election has to be 30 days after the meeting right? Yes. No after that It can't be within the time We Okay, tell meeting happens on the 7th. We have to wait until after that to do the resolution And then after that we have to wait 30 days to Yeah, it has to be posted and no notice for 30 days. Yeah. Yeah, and we'll do the informational meeting 10 days prior. Yes. So Does anyone have any issue with having the election on a tuesday as we normally would? No, I don't that's fine. I would also propose that we hold it here Yeah, that way the office is still open to the public right? And yeah, um, although it is a little out of what people are used to it has happened here before No, we've done it here before. Yeah. Yeah, that's fine. If you're just gonna send out a piece of paper Just like a very simple non-technical ballot correct. How if people want to mail those back or drop those there Is they're gonna? I mean is it the same kind of thing where you sign the outside envelope? Absolutely. Oh, okay. It's exactly the same except the envelopes will be what I have to stop there at larger Yeah, yeah, it's gonna be the basic certificate envelope if you know You put your boat about put it in the envelope sign the envelope mail it or drop it back. Okay Yep Okay, sound good Thank you Thank you for scrambling to figure out Yep, thank you Okay now we have to go into I move to go into executive center to discuss a person else And Deirdre would you like me to just catch you up on this? Yeah, very quietly. Oh, please say hi All right Okay, the eyes appear to happen Uh, the select for the v spawn player is out of executive session But no, we have a little action I move to accept the counter proposal of the candidate as described to us I'll say All those in favor, please say I Yeah, I appear to have it. They do have The next step in the program Um, is to a jury? I move to a jury What? And juniors seconded us All those in favor, please say hi