QuickBooks Desktop 2023. Adjusting entry, prepaid insurance. Let's do it with Intuit QuickBooks Desktop 2023. Support Accounting Instruction by clicking the link below giving you a free month membership to all of the content on our website broken out by category further broken out by course. Each course then organized in a logical, reasonable fashion, making it much more easy to find what you need than can be done on a YouTube page. We also include added resources such as Excel practice problems, PDF files and more like QuickBooks backup files when applicable. So once again, click the link below for a free month membership to our website and all the content on it. Here we are in QuickBooks Desktop. Get great guitars, practice file. We started up in a prior presentation going through the set of process we do every time. Maximize the homepage to the gray area in the view drop down. We got the hide icon bar, the open windows list checked off open windows open on the left. Reports drop down company and financial. Let's open up that P to the L the profit to the loss the income statement from 010123 to 022823. That being the cut off date, which I didn't type right 022823. There it is. Then the report the drop down. I'm going to bring this to a month by month comparison. So then let's customize it so we can see it better on the fonts, the numbers to change it to go to 14. Oh, yes. Okay, then reports drop down again company financial this time the balance sheet standard. And let's customize it first and then do the range to the change 010123 to 022823. Let's bring that to the months instead of the total font in numbering changing 14. Oh, yeah. Okay, there's the setup process that we do every time. We're going to be doing adjusting entries related to prepaid insurance, which we can see here on the books as an asset as of this point. Now note prepaid insurance is one of those kind of items where if you're a smaller company and you're on a cash based system, you might try to do it more on a cash based system rather than a cruel system. Kind of depend on your circumstances. But let's just think about the rationale then and when you might use it like an accrual system versus a cash based system. So for example, it's similar to the concept being like the depreciable assets, the property planting equipment with the property planting equipment. It's pretty much unavoidable because even if you're a small business on a cash based system, the tax code in the United States will still force you to put large pieces of equipment on the books as an asset, which is an accrual concept and then depreciate them due to the size of the discrepancy. And what I mean by the size of the discrepancy note that if you go to the profit and loss report, this is supposed to be the report that measures performance. If you were to buy a giant building and then expense $100,000 building in January and then try to compare January's performance to February, January would look quite bad due to the fact that you have this giant expense. But that's not really fair because the expense should be allocated over like 30 years, right? Not in just one month of January. Therefore, we have to put it on the books as an asset and then depreciate it. So that's so extreme that we have to do it that way. Now, if you look at like a prepaid insurance, which is the primary example of basically every other kind of prepaid thing then. And the reason that is just because of the nature of of insurance. So insurance is something that's a little bit abstract because we don't actually get something from the insurance company unless something bad happens. If you buy liability insurance, then they don't actually pay out unless you get sued or something, right? Which you don't want to happen. But you are actually getting something after you pay for the insurance, you're getting coverage. You're having security of mind. You have the lowering of the risk that is happening. But the coverage can't happen until after you prepay the insurance. That's different than every other kind of expense where you usually pay after you have incurred the expense like the utility bill, the phone bill. You use the phone and then the water and the gas and whatnot. And then they charge you with insurance. They charge you and then you get the protection in the future. Therefore, it's prepaid by its nature.  So it's still pretty close to the point in time that your coverage was covered. But oftentimes you pay insurance like every six months or in a year in advance in order to lower the insurance premiums. So in that case, it starts to get fairly large. And if you look at a month by month comparison and you had a full month that you expensed and then the following month didn't have any of it. It would get a little bit off and you have to think about what your tax requirements are as well if you're doing this stuff for tax purposes. So I just realized that when you're thinking about the insurance with regards to the ease on the bookkeeping side of the data input. So if I go back to the home page when we're just entering our bills and the insurance bill comes up, the easiest thing we'd like to be able to do oftentimes is to try to automate everything. Is there some way that I can basically have bank feeds maybe pay the insurance electronically and have the bank feeds pay them? It's possible. But then the question is, no matter how you process the payments, you have to think, do I want the account going to a prepaid account, an asset account? Or do I want it to go to an expense account? Now the easiest thing usually if you're on a cash basis is to expense something. If you have an option, can I just expense it or do I have to do some accrual thing? Usually, I mean, if you could just expense it, that would be the easiest thing to do because there's less steps. You just expense it. But if you have to put it on the books as an asset, then you're going to set up your accounting process, however it is, if it's bank feeds or whatever. Usually to put it on the books as an asset and then expense it periodically, whether that be monthly or at the end of the year. That expensing of it periodically is the added step that you have to put in place, which makes it more difficult than just expensing it upfront or at the start. So if you're working with an accounting department, if you have a bookkeeper and you're working with an accounting department, or if you are the bookkeeper and the accounting department and you do adjusting entries at the end of the period, you have to think, how do I want to set this up? Do I want to just expense everything as it goes? Even if you expense everything, it's possible at the end of the period to do an adjusting entry if they need to for taxes or reporting purposes, lowering the expense and putting the prepayment on. The reason you don't really like to do it that way is because it's a little bit more difficult because the profit and loss are temporary accounts that roll into equity. So when you're trying to figure out how much should be expense, it gets a little confusing if you have cut off dates that go over the end of the year. Whereas on the balance sheet, these are permanent accounts. So they're not going to roll over or change until you actually make a change to them with a transaction. So the easiest thing to do then is what we did here, put it on the books as an asset when you pay for it and then periodically at the end of the month or the end of the year, make the adjusting entry, expensing the portion that has been consumed. Okay, so how would you do that? Now, we're going to just make an assumption here that basically we bought a year's worth of insurance like at the end of January and it kicked in in February, we're going to say. And so we have 12 months, including February into the future for this $12,000 that we paid for the insurance. So that means how much has been consumed thus far, it's going to be, so we're imagining that if we looked at the insurance policy, the policy would say it's going to be running from February 1st to a year from February 1st, right? So that means that one month has expired of the $12,000. We paid $12,000 for it, lowering cash, increasing the asset. And now we're going to expense the part of the asset that we actually consumed. It's on the books as an asset up here because we're not going to get cash for it. We're going to get coverage in the future. That's why it's an asset. We haven't yet consumed it yet. So we're going to say, well, if 12,000 divided by 12, of course, that means it's going to be 1,000. We're going to say our expense as of the cutoff. Now note, we didn't do any adjusting entries for January. And remember that you have to decide when you're going to do adjusting entries. Small companies might not need to do adjusting entries every month because they might not be doing external reporting monthly. You might need to do adjusting entries when you have financial statements for a bank or something like that. Or you might need adjusting entries also like on a yearly basis. We're going to be doing the adjusting entries as of the cutoff period of February here. And we're going to say as of February, as of the year to date February, there's only been $1,000 of the 12,000 that has been consumed. Okay. Now we could enter these with a journal entry, make a journal entry. But because there's only two accounts affected, we can also use the registers and just decrease this by 1,000, put the other side to an expense. Let's do that. And then we'll also look at the journal entries, list chart of accounts. So there's two accounts affected. I can't use insurance expense because that's an income statement account. I can't use a register for an income statement account. So I got to go to the prepaid insurance, double click on it. And I'm going to say as of 022823, that's the cutoff date. We're going to say there's a decrease of 1,000. And then the other side is going to go to insurance expense. Is that insurance? Sometimes I put it to internet expense one time and people got all, I heard about it like a lot. That's internet expense. You messed it up and I was just, so I don't want to do that again. Anyways, this is an adjusting entry, adjusting entry. So there we have it. We might want to put more detail on the adjusting entry saying here's the calculation or whatnot for it. But I'm just going to at the least put that it is an adjusting entry. That brings it down to the 11,000. Let's close this out. Check it out. We can also see the journal entry if I double click here. Journal entry. Boom. Stop showing me the thing automatically. I know you do that. That's good. Quick book. Stop trying to show off. I know you're working hard. So let's save that. So there's the credit to prepaid insurance. The other side is going into insurance expense. Save it. Close on that. Close on this. Close on that. And then here. Now we decreased it to the 11,000. Now that makes sense because how much of an asset is left as of the end of February? Well, if we had 12,000 and we divide it by 12 because it's 12 months, we get 1000 per month. 11 months have not expired. We are saying so times 11 would give us the 11,000. One month had expired. So if I bring that on over to the profit and loss, the 1000 is here. The 11,000 is here in February. Now you might say, well, what about January? I mean, you could say, well, you entered that as of the end of February. And I'm imagining here we didn't have the coverage in January. But even at the end of February, you could say, well, some of it should have been there as of February 1st, February 2nd, February 3rd, right? You put it in there as of February 30th. That means if I run an income statement for the middle of February, I don't have the proper amount allocated as of 15 days of February. And again, that's correct on an accrual basis. It's not perfect because if we were trying to make it perfect in that way every day, then that would be way too tedious. So what we have to do is say, OK, I know it's imperfect in the middle of the month. And it's going to be as close as we can get it as best we can do for reporting purposes. As of the financial statement reporting period, the end of the month and or the end of the year is the general idea. So there's the thousand on this side. If I double-click on it, of course, that takes us to a journal entry. Double-clicking on that. There's our register. Double-clicking on the register takes us to the debits, to the credits.  There is that. Let's take a look at the transaction of the journal reports just to look at it there because that's fun. Let's go to the journal report. And then why is it showing me this to stop doing that? QuickBooks, I saw it last time. I'm going to bring this from 022823, 022823. And then let's customize it. Let's just look at the journals. So I'm going to go to filtering and let's just look at the transactions and what I need journals, journals, transactions, numbers. Let's bring it up to not 14 this time. That was too much last. I remember that was too, too much. So I still, even at 12, so I have to do this to make it all work out. But that's okay. Boom. So there's what we have thus far for our adjusting journal entries. And then we have the reversing entries. Notice that this one doesn't have a reversing entry. Why? Because this is a permanent difference. It's not something that reverses out. It's not just a timing difference. So those things can be a little bit confusing. Like which ones do you have to reverse and which ones do you not? You got to think, well, is it a timing difference or is it a permanent difference? And the best way to understand that is just to keep practicing these adjusting entries and get a feel for what kind of transaction this is. Meaning in this case we had to expense, the expense isn't reversing, right? We had to expense it and that's the way it's going to be going forward. And in the following month we're going to expense another 1,000 as an adjusting entry and so on and so forth. Okay. Let's go to our reports dropdown. Let's go to the trial balance. The trustee TB will run this as of 02 to 02. Now let's go from 01, 02, 03 to 02, 28, 23. That being the cut off date. Customizing it. Fonts to the numbers. Changing the font to 16. Let's say O-Y-K. That's what we've got to say. O-Y-K. O-K-Y. And so this is what we have as of the cut off. Let's also bring it up to the following month so we get our reversing entries. Let's make that 03, 31, 2, 3. Boom. And this is as of the following month which should include the reversals. Because I was inverted with the reversals there. So that's where we stand as of this point in time. We'll run some more of those transaction detail reports at the end of the adjusting entry process.


Greetings, it is of paramount importance that I point out exactly how much I love this type of architecture.  And yeah, just amazing. So, admire this now. You know what else everyone has to admire? This. The horses of wisdom. Ah, it's fine. They're beautiful. Hello, horses. How art thou this fine day? Sick. Hello. Beautiful. Now we've stumbled upon the chaos of... Hello, cutie. Ah, another calf. So cute. Greetings, I needed some additional content for this video log. I didn't really know what to do with the previous clips. So, it's thought to check in from this castle. I'm filming some for the reconquista video, which you have either seen or will see. I don't know which will come out first, but speaking of architecture, some cool architecture here as well. Thought it would be cool. Again, some good Assassin's Creed feels. So, we're gonna head up to film some more with my trusted GoPro. And, well, this camera as well. So, you can find any more cool scenes to take. Alright, so, found an absolutely epic view. Look at this. Absolutely epic, if anything. It's a good view. Let's continue the tour of this magnificent castle. And some good art on the walls here. Really classical Europe. Now, speaking of some epic architecture, some Assassin's Creed feels. We have come up to one of the higher levels of this fine establishment. This fine castle. So, yeah, it looks absolutely epic. And we have some epic view here as well. So, have a look. Alright, top quality content. And we are, as I will say in a coming video, at San Ilefonso here in Segovia. So, yeah, as you can see just behind me, some really epic places. And we're here to shoot some for the glory as well. This will be released, well, a bit later during the weekend at least. So, now we will find the heiress statue to take some more epic pictures and to just add a bit more another video sequence to a coming video. So, yeah, stay tuned for that. And thank you for watching this video log, XXO. Alright, Laddington's last addition to this video log. I'm just gonna say this, that this is one of the most epic places of all time. I can't stress this enough. I am very happy, very excited to be in this cool place. And I have a helicopter mocking my sound now, but it's all good. It's an aesthetic shirt. Keep your eyes open. You can follow legugloria on Instagram for more updates. But yeah, let's have a look around here. Okay, you can't really see the castle in the background because, well, the sun. But we have some cool statues and everything. So, now, thank you for watching XXO.


Konvergent discriminantialitys ovat yksi asioita, joita näet efter faktora-analysisen. Mitä on todella konvergentialitys ja discriminantialitys? Se on vähän ympäristöinen, koska nämä konseptit ovat olleet ympäristössä. Konverentialitys ja discriminantialitys muistavat kaikkiaan Kampbell ja Fiskit vuonna 1955. In that article, the authors presented a concept of multi-trade, multi-method matrix, which is a set of correlations when you measure at least two traits each with at least two methods. And they argued that some correlations in the table and lack of correlations are evident of convergent validity and discriminant validity without really explaining what exactly convergent validity means beyond the empirical criteria and the same with discriminant validity. So the current meaning of these terms has somehow evolved from the original meaning, because we don't really do multi-trade, multi-method matrices. It is very difficult to get two independent measures of the same construct. For example, measure two construct with paper and pen first and then with online form next. So that's not a practical way of measuring for most people. So the current practice in discriminant and convergent validity is that discriminant validity refers to whether or two scales measure distinct constructs. If two scales measure the same construct, they don't have discriminant validity. Then convergent validity refers to whether indicators measure the same construct. So it's kind of like used as a synonym for internal consistency. These are used also very inconsistently. So the definitions are a bit difficult to understand people use. Then without the definition, they are defined in different ways in the literature and they're also applied differently. This is a good example from an article by Carlson. And they say that some authors argue that a correlation as low as 0.28 of two indicators indicate convergent validity. So if two indicators are correlated at 0.28, then they measure the same thing. They also point out that some authors argue that correlation as high as 0.75 between two indicators is still not high enough to claim that these indicators are not distinct. So the current practice with these terms is that you have a number and then you make a claim. And there's really no connection of how high the number is. And because the discriminant validity and convergent validity concepts are not well defined, then it is very difficult to interpret what that correlation means. So you have to have an interpretation for the statistic. For composite reliability for alpha, you have an interpretation that it's a reliability of a sum of indicators. For these correlations between indicators, it's very difficult to interpret them directly. Therefore my take on this is that it's important to assess whether your scales measure distinct things. If you do a factor analysis, each indicator should load on one factor and two scales that are supposed to measure two distinct things should be two factors. If that is the case, then you have evidence of both discriminant validity and convergent validity and you don't really have to look at any of these correlations.


Greg Frost from Terrapa, Illinois. Hey, I've got some telemarketing leads from a security mentor recently. Had some great luck looking to get some more, probably going to get some of their Facebook leads started toward the end this week after I finished working these. Had some, got some good business with my highly recommended security mentor.


We know that dairy has been an important source of nutrition for people for a long time. That's the first food we have as an infant. As we grow older, many of us don't tolerate dairy so well. I have had issues drinking regular milk pretty much all through high school and into college. I get bloated a lot of abdominal cramps and I usually just try to stay away from it. About 70% of the people globally lactose intolerant, they tend to therefore avoid dairy. So when they drink milk, they have an unpleasant response. It might be they feel a bit nauseous or some bloating. And obviously the best way to avoid that is to avoid drinking milk. But by doing that they're avoiding some of the important nutritional components of milk. We know that a lot of people report having trouble consuming dairy and so we wanted to investigate what it is about dairy that causes them problems. So we had people come in that already said that they have trouble and we looked to see whether they were lactose intolerant first and then we gave them a couple different types of milk to see if we could identify what it was about the milk that was causing them trouble. We want to understand this lactose intolerance a bit better. We think that some of these people who believe their lactose intolerant may in fact be intolerant to a protein component of the milk. And if we can understand it better, we might be able to enable them to enjoy milk which they are currently avoiding. What we wanted to test was first look at how these people responded to regular milk and we compared that with lactose-free milk since we know lactose might be something that causes trouble. We also compared it to A2 milk so A2 milk has a different type of protein than conventional milk. About 10,000 years ago all cows produced A2 milk so A2 refers to the beta casein protein but sometime after that a mutation occurred and that resulted in a different version of this protein which is called the A1 version. And what we understand is that most people can tolerate the A2 version well. We think that some people don't tolerate the A1 version as well. And what we did was we had them drink this large amount of milk so 750 milliliters, about three glasses and then we looked at their body's response. Really importantly we had them report how they were feeling after drinking these different types of milk so we wanted them to report how much stomach pain they had, how much bloating they were feeling or if they were feeling nauseous to see if they had different responses to each of the types of milks. What we think is that some people respond differently to the A1 version and what they perceive to be lactose intolerance may in fact be a reaction to the A1 version. This might result in some intestinal inflammation and lead to symptoms which they think are due to lactose intolerance but may in fact be due to that A1 version of the beta casein. The lactose intolerant women actually reported more similar symptoms with A2 milk as with lactose-free milk compared to conventional milk so with conventional milk they experienced more nausea and abdominal pain throughout the course of 12 hours but with A2 milk they actually had fewer of these symptoms quite similar to with lactose-free milk. This indicates that there is something different going on aside from just removing the lactose who may be able to alleviate some of these symptoms by changing the type of protein in the milk. What this means for someone with lactose intolerance is that there's another option aside from removing the lactose and milk for them to choose so with A2 milk we know that on a single occasion that's going to alleviate some of the symptoms that they may be experiencing and what we want to look at in the next study is to see whether there might actually be longer term effects of reducing something like inflammation with A2 milk which you wouldn't get with lactose-free milk.


Hi guys, I'm Ben Swartzlander, the PTL of the Manila project. I'm here to do the project update for Manila for the Ocata Pike releases. I'm going to preface this presentation by saying you guys are more than welcome to interrupt me with questions. This will be a lot more fun for me if it's a discussion. But if you guys are shy and you don't want to ask any questions, that's fine. I'll just talk. But if you do ask any questions, please start using the microphone. So let's start off with what is Manila, for those that don't know. Manila is the shared file systems as a service project. The simplest way to describe it to people who are familiar with OpenStack is it's like Cinder but for NFS, but that's a gross oversimplification. It's similar insofar as it allows individual tenants in a cloud to self-service provision storage without the involvement of an administrator. And so it fits into the OpenStack ecosystem very well for that reason. But it's different than Cinder because it's shared file systems, which are significantly different than a block storage. I'd say the main use cases where it would make sense to use something like Manila as opposed to Cinder is if you need storage, it's accessible to multiple instances. Block storage is inherently limited to a single instance. So there's a lot of use cases around sharing the storage across multiple compute instances where Manila makes sense. File storage is inherently more elastic than block storage. Block storage has a pretty fixed size. It's hard to make it grow or shrink. Sometimes you can't make it shrink. File systems are very easy to resize bigger and smaller. And so you don't always have to guess how much storage you need up front if you're using shared file systems. And probably the most important use case is there's a huge base of existing applications that are built around shared file systems that already have NFS knowledge. And having something like Manila is essential to making those applications cloud ready. So there's a lot of interest in Manila from more traditional applications that use NFS. So this is an update on Okada and Pyke, but I'll start off with a brief history for people that haven't been involved with the project. The idea for Manila goes all the way back to the Folsom Design Summit and conversations between me and Rob Esker. At the time of Folsom, Nova Volume was just being split out as a separate project from Nova. The idea for Cinder was coming around. So we saw that there was block storage as well supported in OpenStack, object storage was well supported. There wasn't anything for shared file systems. And that's where the idea for Manila started off. The code started off as patches to Cinder. We had hoped at the time that Cinder would become the storage project for OpenStack and it would handle both blocks and shared file systems. But that was not to be, and it turned out that was probably a good thing because having two separate teams has enabled us to tackle problems more efficiently than if we had been dealing with both the block stuff and the shared file system stuff in the same project. So we officially forked from Cinder in August 2013. Manila became an official OpenStack project in the Juneau release. Since then we've had about 3,700 commits from 270 individuals from 57 organizations according to Stackalytics. So a lot of contributions. The project has come a long way since it started. We're up to 22 drivers, which is not quite where Cinder is, but it still shows significant involvement from storage vendors. And in addition to NFS, we support five other shared file system protocols, including SIFS, Cluster, Cef, HDFS, and just most recently, MapRFS was added. So we'll talk about features from Okata. Okata was kind of a short release, but we still got a decent amount of work done during the Okata release. The first thing I'll mention is we changed the concept of consistency groups to be shared groups, and I just saw that there's a misspelling on there. Sorry about that. The concept of consistency groups was added in the Liberty release, and it was a relatively inflexible feature that was requested by some users. And it turned out that after we added it, we realized that not even everyone agreed on what a consistency group was supposed to be. And different people had different ideas about what consistency groups should be, and the implementation was a huge mess. And so fortunately, it was an experimental feature, and we were able to just rip it out and replace it with something that we're much more happy with, which is share groups. It's a generic grouping concept that you can use for any purpose. You can still do things like create consistent snapshots with a share group, but the idea is there will be a lot more capabilities that will be added over time with share groups, and it's a fundamentally more flexible grouping concept. And that was added in Okata. We added mountable snapshots.  In any case, somehow your data gets corrupted. So you say, well, crap, I gotta fix this. Fortunately, if you have a snapshot, Minola's always had the capability to just create a new share from your snapshot. You can go mount that, get your data out. Unfortunately, some back ends can't create new shares from snapshots very efficiently, and they involve copying a bunch of data around. And if all you wanted to do was just mount it, grab some data out, and then unmount it and be done, a mountable snapshot would do exactly what you wanted. So we added that capability in Okata so that back ends that can implement that efficiently have an alternate way to recover data from a snapshot. The revert to snapshot feature is similar. The use case here is imagine that you have a data set where you want to start with from a known set of data, run some experiments on it, modify the data, run some application that's gonna manipulate the data and do some things, but then when you're done, you just wanna throw that all the way, go back to where you were and start again. And maybe you wanna do this over and over again. It's a pretty common use case if you're just experimenting. So again, in Minola, if you have a snapshot, you can create new shares from the snapshot and do this kind of experimental workflow. But again, on many back ends, it's an expensive operation to create a whole new share if all you're gonna do is just blow it away when you're done and go back to what you had at the snapshot. So the revert to snapshot feature was added to address this use case. It's essentially a way that you can just time warp your share back to the last snapshot that you took. And that's another optional feature that some drivers started supporting in Okata. Snapshot migration was added. This is a really interesting feature. So migration was added also back in the Liberty release. And at the time, our main focus for the migration feature was to be able to migrate from anywhere to anywhere and to have it be a totally widely supported feature that wasn't limited to only certain back ends. So we implemented what we call the fallback migration path, which is all about being able to migrate your data from any place to any other place. Unfortunately, having that amount of flexibility means that you have to make some compromises. So the fallback migration path can only guarantee the contents of your files, the file names, and the directory structure. But we can't guarantee to preserve possibly vendor-specific metadata or any sort of file metadata bits beyond the standard POSIX metadata. And so what ended up happening is users said, well, it's nice to be able to migrate. But I need to know that when I migrate, I'm getting a bit exact copy of my data. And that absolutely everything is exactly the same after the migration as it was before the migration. We heard that very loud and clear from users. So we implemented a sort of a driver-assisted migration path where if the source and the destination of the migration are on two different storage controllers that are compatible such that the driver knows how to migrate the data for Manila, that it can do that and leave it up to the driver to handle the migration. And in that way, we can ensure that there's absolutely no data loss. So that work was done prior to Okada. And then in Okada what was added was the ability to also preserve your snapshots because once the storage or once the driver is involved in managing the data migration, bringing along the snapshots is not that much extra work. And so Manila now supports that mode of snapshot migration as well. More about Okada. So another change related to migration, we implemented a two-phase migration API. Migration was originally conceived as a one-phase operation. You say migrate and it goes to the other place and it takes as long as it takes. And in the period between when you start the migration, when you end the migration, you kind of don't know when it's going to get done. So this creates a problem. Imagine you have a lot of data like you got a 50 terabyte share that you want to migrate from one place to another. Even with like 10 gig ethernet, that's going to take a couple of hours, more likely a couple of days to migrate that amount of data. So what you'd really like to be able to do is to tell the system, start migrating my data and let me keep using it while that's happening. So in the fallback migration path, you can only have read only access to your data while a migration is in progress. With the driver system migration, it is possible to have a writable access to your share while a migration is in progress. So that if it's going to take a week, you can keep using your data right up until that last point when there's inevitably going to be a disruption when the migration completes because your share is going to stop being here and start being there. So what the two-phase migration API allows you to do is to decide when that's going to happen. So it gets almost all the way done and then it waits for you to say, okay, now cut over. So you can schedule that to happen in the middle of the night or during some downtime or whenever is convenient for you as a user. So during Okada, we had three new drivers added. There's a constant flow of new drivers in every release. We're always welcoming new drivers. We got the Dell EMC VMAX driver in Okada, QNAP and the MapRFS driver which includes the protocol support for MapRFS as well. And the last thing I'll mention about Okada is we did some work on TOOs integration. For those who don't know, TOOs is a library that supports distributed locking and other distributed computing primitives. These are important for the ability to run multiple copies of a service across multiple nodes and have them stay in sync with each other and avoid various race conditions and other mutual exclusion problems. So during Okada, we got the TOOs library integrated and there's work on going for TOOs that I'll talk about in a little bit. So Pyke, we've been working on Pyke for a couple of months now. I would say the main feature that I'll mention for Pyke is IPv6 support. And before I confuse anybody, Manila has always supported IPv6 for things like access to the REST API, communication between the various services, communication between the share service and storage controllers. But it turned out there was a hole in the actual share access. When you go to mount the share from a compute instance, we only supported IPv4. And so during the Okada release, we recognized this problem and decided that we needed to add IPv6 support. It unfortunately didn't get done during Okada largely because testing issues. The code was more or less ready. It turns out that the bits to support IPv6 with NFS were only added upstream in the last couple of years. And the stack that we were using to test with Ubuntu didn't have the right bits for testing. So we made the decision to use a Red Hat based distro for all of our IPv6 related testing. And this feature will hopefully go into Pyke. It's a high priority feature for us, IPv6. Solometer integration. Presumably you guys all know what Solometer is. It's a time series data collection service telemetry as a service. A lot of OpenStack projects have integration with Solometer. Manila hasn't really done it. Yet, so we're getting around to it now. We'll be able to provide various telemetry like number of shares, total shares consumed and other things that will be interesting from a Manila perspective. The other feature on here, shared usage monitoring is related. So this is actually, this came up just in the last couple of weeks as an important feature for Pyke. So as I mentioned before, shares can be very elastic in terms of size. And one of the advantages of shared file systems is that you don't need to necessarily know how big your share needs to be at the beginning, like you do with the volume. You can say, hey, give me a 100 terabyte share, give me a petabyte share. And then it's usually easy for most backends to provide as long as it's empty and then once you start filling it up then you find out how much data you actually need. So but the problem is is deployers who want to support that mode of using shared file systems don't have a way to bill for how much you actually do use. So if someone says, give me a petabyte share and you say, sure. If they actually use that whole petabyte, that's a lot of bytes and you want to be able to bill them for the amount that they're actually using. So in Pyke we're working on a feature to allow the share manager to find out through the driver how much space is being used in each share and report that through the same interface two kilometers so that you could export that information to a billing application or other sort of storage management application and do the right thing with it. On the quotas side, there's a few new features related to quotas. So quotas on replicas, share replication was a feature that was added several releases ago. And when we added it, it turned out we forgot to put a quota on the number of replicas you can create. So it turns out that today you could actually request thousands and thousands of replicas and Manila would try to create them, which is not a good thing. Group quotas, again, share groups is a new feature. There needs to be a quota on it just to prevent people from creating millions of them and causing a denial of service attack. The more interesting one is per share type quotas. So the theory here is if I'm an administrator and I have a really nice fast expensive storage and a bunch of cheap crummy storage. I would like to be able to set my quotas such that a user could maybe only get 100 gigabytes of the really fast super good storage because I don't want him eating that all up. Then I could do that through the quota system by creating a share type for super fast storage and giving the user 100 gigabyte quota on that. But then I could have a slow share type that maybe is really cheap, cheap storage that I have a lot of and I don't really care how much users use. And so I could give you a higher quota on that and that way you could have different quotas for different classes of storage. So this is a new feature coming in pike. User messages is a feature that the idea came from Cinder. A lot of our ideas come from Cinder. There's significant cross-pollination between the two teams. The idea here is there are some operations that happen in Manila where you request the operation, the request succeeds, but then later the operation fails. This happens in Cinder too. And there's no way for the server to tell the client what the error was because the request already succeeded and the operation that was triggered by that request was the thing that failed. So the idea here is to create a mechanism for when things fail asynchronously to be able to store a message so the user can find out what happened. And ultimately the goal here is so that the UI can tell the user, your operation failed and here's why, and hopefully avoid situations where the user has to go file trouble tickets with the administrator or go bug the administrator if it's something that the user could solve on his own. So this is a useful thing to have just from a usability perspective. So I alluded before to some features that were experimental when they were added. Some of them have been around for a while and we're pretty happy with them and we're ready to mark them non-experimental. In particular, the migration API after the most recent changes in the Ocata release, we're very happy with it. There's nothing to stop us from officially supporting this API going forward and marking it non-experimental. Also, the replicated shares API is something that was been added a while ago and hasn't really undergone any changes since it was added. And while there's more work to be done on the replication side, we don't anticipate it affecting the APIs. So we're looking to see if we can mark those features non-experimental in the pike release. And lastly, there's more work on the active-active deployment scenario. So as I alluded to, we have the two support in there. The idea here is, deployers, especially distros like Red Hat, like to be able to scale out all the services. So that you can get extra scalability by having multiple copies of services and extra reliability. So in case something goes down, you have another copy of the service running. We're very interested in supporting this in Manila. And so there's work ongoing during the pike release to support that feature. And beyond pike, there aren't any official plans. The tradition with Manila is we typically carry over unfinished work from release to release. And we plan about running release ahead. So we feel like we have enough plan for pike. And we'll see how the rest of the release goes. Does anyone have any questions for me? I knew you guys would be shy. Thank you. Can you say a little bit more about the active-active work that's going on? I looked at some point a little bit about trying to do that with NFS. And it didn't look like the protocol was really amenable to doing that. With NFS, so when I say active-active, I'm particularly referring to the services themselves. So Manila API, Manila Scheduler, Manila Share. So there are individual drivers and individual storage controllers that have single points of failure or don't have single points of failure, depending on the storage architecture behind them. So some vendors already have storage controllers that don't have a single point of failure. And if you're using one of those, your main concern is just the availability of the Manila service, right? If the Manila service goes down, I can't delete shares, I can't snapshot shares, I can't create shares, that's a problem. But you still have access to your data, right? Any shares that already exist are fine. There are some first party drivers like the LVM driver, the generic driver that are open source and the infrastructure for those are on the Manila node or on an OVA VM. And those do have single points of failure that we would like to address. But that's a separate concern. So the question is, are we gonna do what Cinder does and require drivers to confirm they support active-active? Actually wasn't aware that Cinder had gone that route. It's a good idea. We'll have to think about if we wanna do the same thing. To be honest, I'm not sure why that would be necessary. Maybe it's a QA concern. You just wanna know that someone has tested it. So we may wanna require that a vendor certifies that it's been tested before we allow that configuration to work. Yeah, that's a good idea. I like it. Thank you. I hope these aren't dumb. One is Tenant Networks and Virtual Private Networking in VXLan. Is there any talk at all about support of that? The ability to plug in the storage to Tenant Network? Yeah, so that support actually existed from day one with varying caveats. So Manila is actually almost as old as Neutron. And for a long time, Nova Network was more dominant than Neutron. And so from the beginning, Manila supported creation of shares where the export IP for the share was actually right there on the same Tenant Network. Initially the design was, that was the only way it would work. It turned out that was really hard to set up in most circumstances if you had actual hardware because plumbing the Nova Network VLAN through to the storage controller such that it would appear to be on the same network as the client. Okay, so the API supports it, but the appliance might not? Well, what ended up happening is we ended up creating a different mode back in the Kilo release so that drivers can either support the concept of share servers, which is the mechanism by which we provide shares on the Tenant Network that has existed from the beginning. Or they can just provide no share servers, which means everyone is going to access the share through some common IP of storage controller and the routing, and you're going to go through a router to get to it. So since we did that split, I would say most of the focus has been on the simpler case where people just want to set up their storage and access it through a common IP and not have anything on the Tenant Network. There has been work to make connecting real storage hardware to virtual neutron networks work better. In fact, there was- That's probably what I'm waiting for there. Yes, there was work during, I'm trying to remember if it was Newton or Ocata, I'm embarrassed, I can't remember. But there was work added to our Neutron Network plugin to do port binding such that if you have a provider network in Neutron that's connected to your storage controller, you can actually get share servers created by Manila to appear right on the Tenant Network. So they're right on the same L2 domain. You don't have to go through a router to talk to them. So that exists. Okay, just probably not on my net up. Okay, the second one had to do with the NFS version four and Kerberos and LDAP. I didn't really see anything about that in the user documentation. If I want to have my Tenant Network with its own LDAP server or something in user group mappings and so on. Yeah, so again, if you don't use share servers, the more simple configuration then everyone gets whatever the administrator set up. But if you do use share servers, there's something you can create called a security service and unfortunately support for security services varies from driver to driver. It's not consistent. But you can set up Kerberos domain and other Kerberos authentication information in the security service that's attached to the share network. And then if you create shares on that share network, the storage controller will configure Kerberos the way you asked. Okay, so you could have different tenants with different configs? Yes, yes, if you're using the share servers mode of the driver. And again, that's a big giant switch we added back in the Keelow release that most people don't use because it's complicated. I mean, there's a lot more concepts that the administrator and the tenant have to understand to do that. But obviously, some people do want that, so it is supported. But the testing there is not where it needs to be. So if you find bugs, we would like to fix them. One of the things that I was missing on the list that you plan to implement, or it's in the planning, is the integration with the OpenStack client. Actually, on running a large OpenStack deployment, we're trying to use this to basically consolidate on the OpenStack client. So we're trying to convince them, rather than using NOVA and CINERA, they use OpenStack client. Now we introduce Manila and they basically have to either use Docker or use special nodes or install the client themselves in order to use Manila. So is that anything that? Yeah, we've been interested in integrating with OpenStack client from the beginning, exactly how that works has been sort of a question, the answer to which has changed over time. So there's some limitations in OpenStack client around microversions and other things that we use in Manila that have prevented us from doing the integration in the past. And furthermore, we're very interested in being able to run Manila in a stand alone way, much like CINER guys like to be able to run CINER in a stand alone, because there are applications where you don't want all of OpenStack, you just want CINERA or Manila or the two services. So we don't see a world where the Manila client ever goes away entirely. But we obviously wanted to integrate with OpenStack clients such that users who just want one client can get that. It hasn't been a high priority, but it's something that we've been wanting to do as soon as all those dependencies are straightened out. Okay. It's just sort of a back burner thing. Thank you. I have a question about the project. The project will support a low base AC control with a hierarchical sharing. Hierarchical what? Sharing because of, for example, for a grant sheet maybe the project manager can access the fire employee part. I mean the hierarchical access with a sharing. Are you talking about hierarchical shares? Yeah, right, hierarchical sharing. So I don't, I'm trying to imagine what the use case is here, but I don't think that we support it. So the model behind Manila is like CINER, it's a self-service, so typically if you want storage you create a share as big as you need it to be and you mount it at the root and you own the whole thing. So protocols like NFS will allow you to mount sub trees and you can do things like that. But again, that's just an NFS detail. From Manila's perspective, it's just one share. There's no hierarchy that we're aware of. So if you think there's something missing, I'd like to understand what's missing. Because I think that you could probably, file systems are directory trees that are inherently hierarchical. For the attributes of any file, any file you could be shared, just apply some policies to add into this file. For example, my file can be shared by my, can be shared to my boss, but I could not be sure. Okay, I think you're talking about file access control. Yeah, right. Okay. Yeah, Manila does not get involved with the individual file access control. That's a data protocol thing for NFS and SIFs and other protocols. Okay. So NFS has its own way of doing access control on directories and on files. And once you have a share, you can chmod and challenge files as you want. If it's a SIF share, you can set owners and set all the Windows permission bits. Yeah, right. So that's an in-band activity between the client and the storage controller that the shared file system protocol supports. Manila's not involved with any of that. Okay, thank you. It just works. Okay, thanks. Thank you guys. Thank you.


Awesome. Hello, and welcome to another 12pm tutorial. This tutorial will teach you how to use Gtunnel in order to access the internet securely. Gtunnel is a program that creates a local HTTP or SOX proxy and uses that proxy to send information from your computer to the Gtunnel server farm and then out to the greater internet. This means that Gtunnel is encrypting your web session and circumventing any filters that might prevent you from viewing content online in your area. Now that you know how it works, let's go get the software. Open up a web browser and go to www.gardennetworks.org. Feel free to take a look around the Garden Networks page and when you are ready to move on, click the download link on the right. Now click the link that says Click Here and save the file to your computer. Once the file finishes downloading, close out these windows and go to where you saved your file. The program comes to you in a zip file. If your computer cannot automatically open these files, you will need a program like WinZip or 7Zip to open it. Go ahead and extract the files. Inside the folder you will see three files. This is all you need to run the program. Go ahead and double click the Gtunnel icon. This is the Gtunnel user interface. You can see that it is currently in standard mode and that it says it is not ready. The creators of Gtunnel have decided not to offer the standard mode for people outside of China, but that's okay because they've built in other ways for people to use the program. Let me show you how that's done. First click on settings. Here you should see options, standard mode, Skype mode, Gtalk mode, and Tor mode. We're going to use Gtalk mode, but we have to set it up first. Click the options button. Under the settings tab, I'm going to check the box marked clear internet explorer cache on exit for added security. Now click the transport tab. Here you should see two boxes labeled Gmail and password. If you don't have a Gmail account, go to www.gmail.com and sign up for one now. I'll wait. Now that you have a Gmail account, enter your username and password here and then click the button that says test. When it says test succeeded, you're ready to go on. Click the okay button. Click this okay button too. Now click the settings button again and select Gtalk mode. In a moment, your tran state will go from not ready to ready. Now click the internet explorer button and then select yes. Before we do anything, we should run a test. I'm going to open up an unencrypted web browser and go to www.checkip.org. That number is my current IP address.  The number hasn't changed. If this happens to you, there's this very simple fix. First go to tools, then internet options. Click the connections tab. Click on land settings. Check the use a proxy server for your land box and then after address, enter <IP_ADDRESS> and after port, enter 8081 and click okay and then click okay again. Refresh the page. Great. The number has changed, which means that we are now using an encrypted channel to access the internet. In the lower right hand corner of your screen, there should be a small green version of the gtunnel icon. You can click this icon and access many of the different options that are available on the user interface. To exit the program, simply click exit. Now you know how to use gtunnel.


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Hey all, what's up? My name is Nal and welcome to my channel. If you are new, it is Vlogmas Day 7 and I am not in like the best mood right now just because, I don't know, it's just like, I feel yucky today. It's like gray outside. I feel like every day I've been here in Georgia, it's been gray, but that's like a little bit of an exaggeration because there was some sunny, pretty days, but there's not that many. And I will give you guys an update on the Tesla situation. So if you saw my last vlog, you would know that I got two flat tires on my dad's Tesla that I was borrowing and that was very stressful because I didn't know what the frick to do. I've never gotten like a flat tire that I could not drive on. I think I've just like had like air pressure errors, but this was like pretty bad and I had to get a tow to the Decatur Tesla place and since my mom lives closer to Decatur, I thought I would just stay an extra night with her. I called them earlier today and they said that the car would only be done on the eighth. I was like planning on going back to my dad's because all my stuff is there because I was only planning on staying one night at my mom's. So I'm just like, I think that's why I'm in such a funky mood because I just like hate not being with my stuff. Like even this whole month being home, that's why I brought so much stuff home because like if my stuff is with me like I'll be fine, but I just don't have my things with me right now. So like even my work computer, I left it at my dad's because I was like I'll be back on Monday. So then I had to like download like Microsoft Teams and Outlook and everything to my personal computer, which I didn't really want to do, but you know, you got to do what you got to do. But aside from that, I'm still gonna stay strong with Vlogmas. I'm gonna make it through. I'm telling myself that putting it out there. It's gonna happen. And so today I wanted to just kind of do like a story time. A while ago I asked you guys if you wanted to hear my crazy photography stories because I am a freelance photographer and videographer, aside from my like part-time job, and aside from like the YouTube stuff and Instagram stuff. And I make like pretty much half my income from doing that. And so I've been doing it for how many years have I been doing it for? I like started my senior year of high school, which was 2015. It's 2020. So like five-ish years. I started learning in like 2013. But getting really, really into just like portraits and stuff started my senior year. So I've been doing it for a really long time. But one thing I do a lot about photography is just meeting so many different people and like learning about them. And like even if it's like one hour shoot, you learn so much about them. But since I have met so many people, you know, they're not all gonna be super nice and like, like easy to work with. So I thought I would share like a couple of my stories. This has all happened in the past one year since I've been in Austin. So we'll start off with the first one and then I'll get into like the crazier stuff towards the end. I wouldn't say I specialize in any specific photography category. I really just like to do it all because I never want to get bored, you know, but I do love doing graduation photos and senior photos. So like high school seniors and then obviously graduating seniors from colleges. So there was this one girl that hired me to do her grad photos. As a photographer over the years, you kind of know when you are dealing with someone not easy to work with. Like there's kind of just like red flags that pops up. And so it just kind of like started to happen. I can't really remember why I thought she just like wasn't going to be like the easiest to work with. But I just know I remember feeling that way. Like I just didn't have a good gut feeling. Also, I wanted to say all these experiences really helped me to learn what to do in the future for my photography business, whether it's like adding something to my contract or just like doing something a different way. So for example, this girl was 30 minutes later shoot and I was like so annoyed just because like I was sitting there like waiting for her on a bench for 30 minutes. And so after that, I put in my contract. Like if you don't show up 15 minutes from your start time, I'm allowed to go home and I can't remember the rest, but it just basically says I can go home after 15 minutes because I'm not gonna just like wait there for you. I'm sorry, but time is valuable. So she was 30 minutes late. And she brought her whole family and her dog, which is not a problem at all. Because like I personally like people the grad knows to be there because then they just feel more comfortable. And also they like help carry stuff and it's just like better that way. So the shoot ends. She literally takes forever to pick her photos that she wants edited because I personally let my clients choose their photos. And that was another thing I added to my contract. If you don't choose the photos three days after receiving the gallery, then I'm going to be choosing them. And then I'll send them to you. And obviously I'm going to try to choose the best ones. But personally, I would like to choose my own photos if it was me. So that's why I give them the option to do that. But this girl took so long and I didn't have it in my contract by then.  But then also for me to cross off my to do this and just like, have it done and not have to like worry about it and like, you know, have it weighing me down. She finally chose her photos. And then months later, she said something about like, I don't know, something about the quality or something. And it was totally fine on my end. So I told her to do something different, like download it a different way because maybe she was like downloading it from her phone. That's like, not the best way because the phone might just kind of like, ruins it a little bit. So I told her to download it on a desktop and then I didn't really hear from her after that. Then a couple months later, I received an email from PayPal saying that the mom disputed a charge. And I think it was the charge for like her extra photos. So it wasn't the whole session. It was a good chunk of change, though, it's like almost $100. And so I had all the receipts because I don't really like delete my messages. It's kind of annoying because I don't even save anyone's number two. So it's like, all these random numbers in my phone or like on Instagram DMs, I like never really delete those because it's just really good to have like receipts and like paper trails in case something like this happens to you. So I was frantically trying to reply to the dispute on PayPal because it was literally giving me like a time that I had to send it in by and I did not have much time and it didn't give me a warning or anything. It was so weird. And so I sent it in literally like had all the receipts of like, you know, her saying like, okay, yeah, that's fine. Like here, I just sent the PayPal, whatever. And then I think it was like a month later, I can't really remember how long it took to like get the final results back. But they took her side. And I'm like, what the heck, apparently, service isn't covered on like my side, I don't even know. So I don't think I'll really ever take PayPal again, because that was just so annoying to me to have to deal with. And I didn't want to really reach out to her or her mom. Also, I didn't have her mom's phone number, but like I didn't want to do that. You just kind of have to pick and choose your battles. And I did not want to just even talk to them. Like I was like, here, take your money if you want to be difficult, like, whatever. And I don't know if she like did it on purpose or did it like on accident because you didn't remember like paying someone that much. But it was so weird. And I was just like, very annoyed. And obviously, you can tell I'm still annoyed to this day. So that was story number one. Let's get into story number two gets a little bit crazier. Okay, so I was hired under like a media team or a media company. And they usually give me just like random gigs. So they take a portion and I get majority of the portion. I don't really know how it works. But so it was this book signing thing for this older lady, she had just come out with a book. So she wanted a couple of headshots and like pictures literally throughout her like speech and everything.  So it was so awkward because I was a photographer and she also had a videographer. And it was so dark in there. So I couldn't even not do flash. So I obviously had to use my flash to get good quality pictures because she's paying for these pictures. And I wanted to do the best job I could like they're literally hiring me to do this. And also I wasn't really representing myself. I was representing this media company. So that made the situation even like weirder. So basically, when I was photographing the event like when she was speaking, this old guy will also there was like, maybe six, seven older people in the audience.  You guys get it. And I was really thrown off by that. But also like I understood because like, you know, you're trying to pay attention to what she's saying. But then like also I'm being paid to get this girl her pictures like I don't want to disappoint her or the media company. So I took off my flash and just kept taking pictures like in kind of bad lighting. But I was like, I mean, I'm just gonna keep shooting because this thing literally lasted I I want to say like two ish hours, maybe like an hour and a half or something. And the speech had to be lasting like at least 30 minutes. So I kept taking it with my camera and the guy was giving me the meanest stairs I've ever seen. And I was just trying not to look at him. And then after she was done with the speech, she kind of had like a book signing situation. And I went to the back to like talk to the videographer. And I was just like, Oh, like, did you see that? That was like, kind of weird, whatever. Like, I get it. But like, just doing my job here. So the guy came back into the bookcases, and he straight up yelled at me so much. And he was like, you are so disrespectful. I was trying to pay attention. I couldn't even pay attention with your like camera clicks going off. Like, don't you have like silent shutter or something like blah, blah, blah, blah. And first of all, I have tried using silent shutter and it it messes with like something with the shutter, I'm guessing, and it makes like, what is this called? Like just weird black lines through your pictures. And so I was not trying to like, try anything new tonight, because I was getting paid for this gig. And luckily the first time I figured that out, I was not getting paid for that gig. So thank God.  And I like, was so speechless, I could not stand up for myself because I was just literally holding back tears.  And so I was just like, nodding, like trying to be like respectful towards him.  And again, I was not even representing myself. I was representing media team. So I did not want to make it look bad for them. The whole time the guy was yelling at me, the videographer was standing right by me and he was trying to defend me, like talk for me. Because I think you could see I was like, about to freaking lose it. He was just saying like, Oh, the author wanted these photos, you know, we're here to like do our job, whatever, like we understand. And I just like, could not believe what had just happened. Like, it was, I, again, I get it, he's older. And like, it, like even for me, it probably would have been hard to pay attention. After he talked to me, I like literally just went more back into the bookcases and started hyperventilating. I honestly don't really have anxiety and I don't know what that was, but it was definitely like some kind of like a panic attack. So maybe that's why I was like so frustrated because I was just so caught off guard. And like, if he was like, a little bit nicer about it, I would have been like, Oh my God, I'm so sorry. But the way he said it was like, Are you okay?  And I honestly like forgot a lot of the details. So bear with me. But I'll tell you guys like the gist of the story.  I freaking loved my lenses, but my body of the Canon was just not it. And I think the summer I moved to Austin, which was 2019, which was last summer, I decided that I was going to upgrade my camera body. And so I ordered the Canon 60 Mark two, I think, and it did not come like, I don't know what happened, but just like never arrived. Luckily, I did actually pay through PayPal. So I was able to get my money back, which that worked out there, you know, being the consumer, I was actually between getting the Sony a 73 and the 60, whatever I just said. And I was like, Okay, this is fate.  It's so much crisper and clearer and just like the photos I take on this camera compared to my Canon 70D, which again, it was like an older body. Like they don't even compare. So that's my take on that. But I did really miss my Canon lenses. And obviously I had to sell all my Canon lenses to get Sony lenses because you could get like an adapter and I tried it and it sucked. So I was not going to go that route because especially if I'm doing videography too, like you need the autofocus to be amazing. And it like the adapter just like the autofocus was not it. So I decided to get all native lenses. And so obviously I first had to sell all my Canon lenses, which was heartbreaking. And especially my Canon 50 millimeter 1.2. And this is where the story starts. So I think I posted it in like an Austin buying group for Canon lenses or something like that. And someone wanted to buy it from me. And this is where I can't really remember clear enough. But I'm pretty sure he just like didn't have the money right then and there. We got to talking and he was actually a wedding photographer and portrait photographer, but I wanted to get into weddings at that point. So basically he kind of like made me a deal where he could let me second shoe and I can make the money that he was supposed to pay me for the lens like every wedding. It sounds so weird when I say it because it literally doesn't make sense. Like I'm working for you for free, but you're giving me my money for the lens. Like it just didn't didn't sound right. And I didn't realize that at the time because I was so desperate to get into this wedding industry because that was like my first skin. And I didn't know how hard it would be down the road.  This is so cool. Like I have no experience. Like this is so nice of him. Whatever. I thought he was like really like nice and like helpful, whatever. And actually we met up at a Starbucks. And so we like talked through all this. He honestly gave me so many like helpful tips. And so that's why I thought he was like, you know, cool, like, like we could do this, whatever. And so there was no really contracts. Like obviously there was just like text between us. And so he didn't really have a lot of weddings coming up. So we would have to wait. I think this was like, was it last October or something? I don't know. I can't really remember. Or no, 2019 October ish. So this was in summer when I was selling it. So I would have to wait like a couple of months to get my first payment of like what $200 and the lens was like, probably over like 1000 or something or maybe like 1000. And so I would have to wait to get my payments. So a couple of months passed by and I have been like replacing my Sony lenses one by one. And I've realized that like it wasn't a good deal because I need my Sony lenses now for my business. And so he had my 50 millimeter this whole time he was using it this whole time. He was posting about it all over his like Instagram and stuff. Basically, I realized that it just like wasn't a good deal. So I was like, okay, like, do you mind giving me the lens back? Because I'm not sure if I like really want to do the whole wedding thing and stuff like that. And then this is where he started to like ghost me a little bit. And he was still posting all over his social media. He wasn't like blocking me or anything. And I saw him posting like all these selling Facebook groups to like sell other stuff. And I was like, what the heck, like, I just want my freaking lens back so I can literally buy a lens for my business. Like, great that you're using my lens to, you know, accelerate yours. But hello, like I need my lens back. Unfortunately, I did not know his address. And that's definitely a big lesson that I've learned is to get their personal information, especially if they have something so valuable of yours. Like, I cannot believe I did that. Also, I did see that I asked this guy for 800 for the lens. So he wanted to do second shooting for like 250. But also I'm pretty sure that would be like a full day. And 250 divided by like eight hours is $31 per hour, which is like not really the going rate. Like I would usually get paid like 50 per hour. So it was still not a good deal. He was essentially just getting a free second shooter. And like I get it, like he was trying to help me. But like, I could have gotten like, second shooter jobs anywhere else that could pay me. And I could also get the lens money. Does that make sense? So anyways, he goes to me and I finally had to tell him that I was gonna call the police. And he of course, like texted me right away. And he was like, okay, sorry, I was just like, busy or whatever, like, you know, like we can meet up. We met up at a Starbucks. And it was just like kind of awkward. He literally just gave me the lens and kind of like left. And that is that story. All these stories don't really sound that crazy when I'm telling you guys. But honestly, in the moment, all these stories felt like so life ending.  And it was just like, not fun to deal with any of these stories.  I don't go through anymore. And I'm so lucky to have like, really great clients majority of the time, honestly, like 99% of the time. Once you start growing your business and are more established, you can kind of start saying no to some gigs. If you do see red flags and some clients, or honestly, just make up an excuse that you're like busy your books that day. Because it might be worth it just not to deal with them. That's the way I see it personally. So I hope you guys enjoyed the story time. Feel free to follow me on my photography account. I'm going to start posting again. I've been so bad about it. I've just like had this imposter syndrome thing happen to me recently, just because I'm not back in Austin right now. And that is my home base for my photography business. So I just feel like I don't want to post right now. But then like, I should be posting this grad season coming up. And it's just like a whole thing. I'm just like, just feeling so like icky about it. But like, I saw like some grad photos the other day, I was like, I just really want to like, take grad photos right now because it makes me so happy. Anyways, feel free to follow me over there because I'm going to be posting a lot and I already have like so much content on that page. And then I also do post a couple of my videos every now and again. But I do mostly photography now. Let me know if you guys want a photography Q&A. I feel like I haven't done anything about like my photography on this channel in a while. And I would love to make more videos. So if you guys have any questions, leave them in the comments down below. Also, if you have a question that can't wait for the Q&A, you can literally just DM me on Instagram. I'm always happy to help. So I will see y'all in my next video. Bye!


Welcome to U.S. Forum 2018. I am delighted to be joined by Mr. Bakar Tarawali, who is Director of Communication at the Ministry of Information and Communications of Sierra Leone. Thank you very much for joining us, sir. Thank you very much. So, to start with, can you tell us about the role of ICTs in Sierra Leone to deliver the SDGs? Thank you very much for that. I think you see in the past we've been assessed on the benchmarks based on outdated editors, especially coming from sources that have been getting their data for a long, long, long period back. And so, therefore, our assessments in the benchmarks have not been accurate. And now that we have put in place even the big data and the open data portal, we have been able to have the SDG reporting on that portal. And so, today, we are able to ensure that all the efforts that are going towards collecting data and reporting on the SDGs are on the open data portal. And that's why it's important, isn't it, to have a framework in place like we see it has attempted to do for the past 15 years? Yes. And I think we've benefited a lot from the WSIS. And we are implementing our ICT in Sierra Leone based on the ideas and the knowledges that we get from these kind of sessions. Sierra Leone is a young country, isn't it? And you also have remote communities that are still not connected. So, you've achieved a lot of progress recently, but there's still a lot of work to do. Tell us more about initiatives involving ICTs to enhance inclusion and connect the unconnected. Well, you see, since 2007, with the current government, efforts were made firstly to ensure that broadband was introduced into the country in a cheaper and accessible manner by landing the submarine cable. And after which the government ensured that they are able to lay the national backbone across the country, about 70 percent of the country is now connected through fiber optic cable. And so, therefore, the effort is now taking the services to the rural communities. And a lot of effort has been done towards that, especially by the operators, the private sectors. And we continue to encourage them, in fact, to utilize the national backbone to take their services to the unconnected. Today, I'll say about 40 to 50 percent of the rural communities are now online, especially with regards to internet. And now we are also planning to take data to the rural communities and also starting with the government institutions and the fiber to premises. Mr. Tara Wally, thank you very much. Thank you very much.


what's the word y'all for the first time this season your boy watched close to no basketball like you like any Why are you even here talking hoops if you ain't even watch this? Once you get around my age 26 years old your peers start to get married and stuff So today we had to go to a wedding and you know what actually that's kind of cap when I say I watched close to no Basketball I watched the Bulls game, but I was I was very respectful during the ceremony didn't touch my phone Didn't watch nothing, but once that ceremony was over and the reception started best believe I was watching my bulls And you know what why are we on this topic? Let me defend my boy Patrick Williams because my mentions was going crazy after y'all watched him for the first time this season There's a video I dropped last season This was last season one of these type of videos while I said in it love Patrick Williams But every time he touches the ball he shuffles his puppies, but the refs never call it This is the first game of his career where the rest was actually calling that travel He should have learned to be better at that But this is the first time in this career they called and happened to be on national TV and my defensive Patrick Williams This performance wasn't good, but it was pretty solid compared to what we was getting a week ago So we take the babysitter remember he has played less than a hundred games in this NBA career y'all believe it The game was fun, but it wasn't very it wasn't a great watch because there was a hundred different free throws between Demata Bros and Jason Tatum they got their events after earlier this season that but that's that's it That's all the brother actually watched that it's also a lie. Oh, man Okay, but like when I when I when I'd like say watch I mean like really diving into I watched the last two minutes of Suns versus Blazers I'm watching the last couple minutes of Utah versus Lakers, but then again I'm filming this video So does it count as watching and I watched the fourth quarter of Minnesota versus the Bucks I do want this video to be primarily about the Bucks I'm gonna talk about them not in the context of this game because again only watched the last couple minutes of it But in general this team is the last undefeated team And I think at the end of this game is said for the first time in the history of their franchise they started off this good and Again, I'm not I'm not taking a victory lap because we ate games to the season But I felt very confident with the idea of the Milwaukee Bucks Being the best team in basketball and winning the championship eventually I didn't think they were gonna be the one seat though if you go check my video because I felt like they were a team That weren't gonna prioritize regular season winning and I thought that since Chris Middleton was gonna be off for a little time They might struggle out of the gate completely wrong on that tip boy. Oh boy They look like a different team and philosophy Which is funny because throughout the history of coach Bucks career whether it be in Atlanta or the first couple years of Milwaukee His major criticism attached to his name was brother never make adjustments He gonna run the same thing from game number one of the regular season to game number 82 of the regular season plus How many playoff games he get this is what he knows and his damn good come regular season Once we get to the postseason and that same scheme and stuff don't really work with this season It has completely changed and dare I say because of it This looks like the best version of the Bucks we've seen in the Yanis era I can't jump in a gun considering it's only eight games or two it but this this is a team that held their hats on you Not gonna score in our pain. We got Yanis as a help defender and Brook Lopes down low We'll let you take all the corner threes you want this season. No, that's not that's not the case I got the numbers y'all got the numbers what we're looking at now is from cleaning the glass shut out to him Not an ad um the amount of threes allowed this season Percentage of the opponent shots to Milwaukee Bucks are second in the league only allowing 31% of the shots that their opponents take being a three which is different than what we normally see for example last season They were second to last 41% of the shots that they gave up during that season was from three This is a complete flip in philosophy like this right here is staggering like the Miami He still give up a ton of threes every single game like that's what they do That's part of their defense, but the Milwaukee Bucks have found a way to prevent their team the other team from taking threes And they're preventing their opponent from shooting at the rim It makes no they're forcing their opponents to take long mirror frames jump shots and it's working out again I don't know how it works come playoff time actually it probably works Phenomenally come playoff time now that I'm thinking about it But like this is what they've been doing this season and it feels sustainable You know like this version of their defense might be the best version and that is saying a lot because the Milwaukee Bucks had been an elite level defense like four out of the last five seasons another stat That's different this season compared to others right now They are getting about 13 offensive rebounds per game Which is fourth in the league or I guess tie for third and in other seasons They were more middle of the pack at about 10, but more offensive rebounds means more opportunities to score So I don't know I'm really level but is doing so far this season And I think there's gonna be a lot of coaches in the running for coach of the year if everything stays the same But Bud probably wins it if this defense still continues to be this good for the rest of the season So shut out to the Bucks. I mean they still don't even have Chris Middleton yet They're down today pack Hanna's like they're missing quality Rotational slash all-star caliber talent and it has not mattered one bit Joe Holliday has stepped it up on the offensive side of the ball Which is great because a lot of people were talking bad about his name after the playoff series last year when he had to take The number two spot and maybe he worked on it. He's here for being number two at least it took Chris Middleton comes around So boy, oh boy are the Milwaukee Bucks very very good. I think tomorrow they play So I'm gonna release this video and they'll probably lose tomorrow. It's just a way it goes Alright, so I did a video like this last season in a day. Similarly where I didn't get around to watching the games I'm gonna show y'all how I do this very light recap for days like this How does Kenny keep up with every single game in reality? I do not it's impossible when it's a 12 game sleep It's impossible for me to watch every single one of those games But I'm gonna show you that how if you miss a game you can go out there You won't get like the nuances of the games You probably won't get the 16-0 run versus the 12 to write like you won't get those parts But you will be able to get an understanding of the game in a day like this I would just look at the scores and try to figure out. Hmm. Which one of these games do I care about? I saw the box score for this calves game So I don't care about it But the fact that don't admit you and Darius Garland both sat and they still won this game I'm very curious. I saw the emote had like eight blocks. I need to watch those blocks We gonna get into watching possessors this video probably won't be monetized because the NBA is gonna take it Because we will watch a little bit of film if you want to call it that Tyler Hero with 29 5 and 5 with Tyrese had 22 9 and 9 2-point game. I want to see what that's about the nicks beat the 76ers now when I was at the reception I was checking the scores of these other games and late in this game the 76ers had the lead So I want to figure out what the hell happened for them to actually end up losing KD made Daniel Gaffer fall I saw that on Twitter, but he put up 28 9 and 11 against the Wizards I haven't watched this game Obviously, but losing by this much when Kyrie Irvin is suspended and Ben Simmons Is that a plus? Maybe Ben Simmons not playing as a plus for the team But the fact that it was this KD and and the others and they lost by 40 Maybe not great. I forget who owns the watch the Wizards or who's in charge over there. Can you just tank? How do you watch the Victor Waban Yama's stuff from earlier today?  Don't get me wrong We were okay would just basically be in mid because that's what they are right now Just just do it bro. Just do it for the sake of your fans. So I watched the Bulls game I have no interest in this one. See this is the first game. I'm like absolutely not I see book if book night is the leading like game player at 1445. I'm not interested Stephen Adams with 19 boards two days after I dropped him in fantasy is also hilarious I saw the Paul George's average in 30s plus points after he told the world that he will be better So that's kind of fun. And I also saw Devon Vaseil had a really good game off the bench So we'll probably watch Devon Vaseil and Paul George's minutes. I'm so mad. I didn't watch this game This was the game that was circled on my like game of the day calendar Because I wanted to see the Toronto Raptors disrupt the defense versus Luca and just looking at the box score Oh John and Obi-Wan 27-7. I think at five steals again, but Luca I Mean what warriors rested everybody and lost some I don't really care about that game We are to talk bucks. I saw the Jeremy Grant three pointer and I see that Russell Westbrook at 28 Three and three and six and said I said I can't believe the jazz are legitimately Seven and three right now. What how is that even pop? They're still doing it And me and the guys would talk it like which team between the jazz and the Spurs Do you think we'll be able to like keep it up if you want to call it that I said the jazz I don't think either of the two will keep it up not at this rate They're not gonna be winning 70% of their games, you know what I'm saying But I do think that like they have the opportunity to be in the playing race more than like the Spurs But okay now that we see the scores and everything I could kind of pick out type of performances I'm curious about this is not a sponsor, but I wish it was yeah Actually, I think this is an independent website bucket list dot fans That is the website and sometimes I talk about in videos like watch all of his possessions and everybody's always curious What does that Kenny what the hell does that mean watch his possessions? This is exactly what I mean. They give you the daily performers, but you can search in a player's name So who's a player said I want to see I want to see Evan Mobley I want to see Evan Mobley's box type in Evan Mobley his box score from today And I just click this and I can watch every single block he had today again This video is definitely getting demonetized, but whatever. Let's let's watch some Evan Mobley Situations, that's just pure athleticism. Shout to knows no will finally getting on the court I think it's maybe a second third game on the team and it led to a Jedi Osmond layup So here he is garden Sadiq Bay in Space with the help over from behind. There's a there's like a snatch block. There's emo Yeah, eight of these throughout the game, man This is insane. Oh, there's a fast break. Are you chasing it down? Is he chasing it down? Technically, yeah Bro Evan Mobley is so fun to watch bro I wonder if he finished on that play too because he was running like a gazelle right there The fact that these men still kept going up on him when he snatched blocking and doing stuff like this is insane And it led to a Kevin love three. Come on, man. You got to love it. You got to love it I was so excited to watch Detroit Piston basketball. I made a whole video right before the season started They've been really bad probably better for their organization, but you want to see progress from other players Oh my god, stop going. I've seen enough. I've seen enough next to me would definitely be Luca Just curious to what this is about it started off in the third quarter Which is not normal usually starts from the first bucket of the game Definitely not the third quarter, but this game doesn't look close But it ended up being close if you want to call it that so the Raptor says some type of run that we got to figure out My favorite thing about Luca.  No, he didn't score on this. No, he did it Bro press no, no, no, that's good defense for precious like he was stumbling for sure It's hard not to stumble in this man is doing some crazy Harlem Globetrotter stuff, but that's good defense This the turnaround fade might have been an and one low key and he sits on the floor and doesn't look alright Alright, I mean they were about 20 at this point basically going into the fourth and then it's down to a four-point game So the wraps went on the run. I did see that Pascal Siakam Good shot. Pascal Siakam hurt his groin in this one that he didn't return. This would be the last thing I'll show you what I do So you know how I mentioned like oh snap what that what the heck happened For for this game to get close after that team was up by so much I was just proud I'll just go here to like figure out where that run started and then I would watch every May basket Slash miss from that run. That's that's what I would do like how the heck did they come back to this game I would watch these five ten minutes or so until we got to the end of the game So that's that would be how I keep up with these games It's not a perfect science, but it works You know it works if you want to keep if you watch three games and it's six on a day You got to catch up to the other ones you could do that or it could do this if you have League pass actually you can't do it right now because the games just ended But they do like these condensed versions like 40 minutes of the game and you get to watch all the possessions basically anyway That's how I keep up a basketball when I don't have the opportunity to keep up a basketball shout to Russ I will watch 100% of Russ's possessions even all again that was owned a little bit He looked good man love to see Russ smiling rocking the baby and stuff They didn't get the win because the jazz are legitimately good basketball team excited for him because The first I guess the last year and the first week or so of the season was rough man It's definitely rough for us. So happy to see him doing. Okay, probably better if they would want that ball game People are starting dialogues on Twitter about Brian and whether or not father time is here I know he steals like great, but people aren't having a conversation. Is he top five in the league steals? He top 10 is he top 15? I'm low with saying he not even top 20 I don't know if I will go that far but conversations are being said about Braun because I mean at the end of the day he is human You know and they did all these ads about him versus father time and he's still winning the battle He's about to be 38 and still elite But father time just slowly behind him, you know, all right, that's it