The decline in oil discoveries has led to increased interest in enhanced oil recovery, or, techniques. This paper reviews the current state of our technology, focusing on sandstone and carbonate reservoirs, as well as turbidite reservoirs. It also examines the risks and rewards associated with various R methods, including CO2 injection, HPAI, and chemical flooding. Finally, the economic viability of CO2-door projects is discussed. This article was offered by Vladimir Alvarado and Eduardo Manrique.


Mami, na kuha mwita wa mwita wa mwita, na kuha mwita k freeda mwita kamawa kutiawehiwa koiwehiwa kutiawehiwa kita wala kata po qtwa kodiento kumua kwa nagoza Bible, Uwika na mwaia, na kutiawehiwa, mwita kapa kakamawa kutiawehiwa kini izan Kenu kwa nga ni parametersi, ni n���arebo champion anda. Nwa na kwa maungi ya tumi ma singas senegulana? How many of them? four marches ya. Probably was already you know involved in afrikan team and how was it like? Senegulana yes. Ya, tzene gulangana, afrikan teams have watched. Ken, I'm sure you yarn for such opportunities, right? Ya, ya, obviously, you know. When you grow up watching football and seeing the stars on TV, you dream of one day going to a stadium and watching them play live. So it must have been great to be him in Mikatar as that. It's a dream for many young men growing up. And considering Katar was manageable probably going in terms of expenses and some of us didn't manage to go. Do you think it will be possible for 2026 for a more tall order? Ya, obviously it's a bit of a tall order because of the distance and maybe the, you know, the visa and everything. But you know it's never impossible, you know. Alias said it's about passion. So if you really want to do it, you'll give everything so that you do it. Talk to us about the lessons we can borrow from Katar, organising such a bigger sporting extravaganza in the war. And you know their facilities are wow. Oh yes. You know having, I mean if you look at the Middle East, the way that in everything, people think that it's not possible for Katar to have such a... Yes.  But I'll tell you one thing. It's a benchmark that I've set and I'm sure any other person who is trying to get World Cup into their country has to ask, there's a serious benchmark to meet. That is extraordinary. That's what the Kataris have done. And even when you look at the kilometers, I mean from the distance from one stadium to another, it's amazing. You just get into a train underground and you're to next stadium. You can watch two matches or even three depending on the speed of your walking into the metro. And one lovely thing is they have built stadiums which you can dismantle. For the first time, I think, I've taken a bill out of containers. Oh. Yeah. They're improvised. Yes, improvised. And you can dismantle it and everything. And it's so cool. It's so cool and well controlled temperatures from this fan base up to the field. And one remarkable thing and something that also good landing. The way the field is being maintained is something else. Technology involved with the body technology as you'll see on TV. That is only when you see the field level, the kind of grass they've used, the way it's being maintained. The hygiene in the stadium, it's something you just can't imagine. And the controlling of the crowd. Even when the crowds are coming in and they're going out. One amazing thing people need to know about it is the metro is free, the buses are free. As long as you have your hire card and the visa, you get through your hire card, you need to go through the embassy. It's online. You download your visa as long as you have your match ticket and hotel bookings. And you're in Qatar. So the process getting into Doha is not complicated. They are well organized. Well organized. If you ask me, I'll give them 10 out of 10. What is the distance like in terms of moving from one stadium to another? Is it like from Nairobi to Mombasa? No, no, no, no. Everything is within Nairobi. Like you're moving from Nyayao stadium to Kasaran. Maybe to Kasaran, even nearer. What? You just go under the metro and you're from Lusel.  It's just within all those stadiums. So it is Doha best. It's Doha best. Everything. Everything. It's Doha best. In terms of infrastructure, of course Kenya has been lagging behind you. You saw yesterday's CSPOT Sababuna Mamba complaining about the substandard status of Kinoro stadium, which was supposed to host Kenya Premier League matches in Meru County. And despite the reports that the facility was complete, it was really lamenting that, you know, it doesn't match the standards that, you know, CAF and FIFA require of us to host international matches. Do you think we can borrow something from them? Benchmarking, I say it's very good. I mean, for us to build stadiums, you need to go to countries where stadiums have been built. To a certain standard. And they'll not get depleted. Like Qatar, you have each seat. Just what we see in Kasarani, the seats are just for individual. We don't have concreted seats. And the reason is that because we want to know who is seat on that seat. The ticket owner. If there's anything, a crime, we know exactly, seat number 56. The ticket was bought by so and so, and he's the one who's sitting there. There's a reason why the seats are numbered. There's a reason why the seats are put in a way that when the seats come in, there's no, like, a rush. There was no rush in Qatar. And one day we'll have a stadium, I mean, spectators up to 40,000. And people will just move out. No rush, no nothing. And to build such structures, they'll help you professionally to grow. Because you don't have structures, it means you don't have facilities for your youth to come in and enjoy those facilities. And it's not very expensive. It's just about doing the right things. That's something the Qataris did. They did the right thing. Ken, I'm sure you've got so many questions for Ali considering you're a footballer and it's a footballing tournament happening in Qatar. Ya, you know, I'd ask before the tournament, there was a lot of talk about how Qatar is perceived as a country. It's an Islam country and they are not willing to bend their rules for anyone. So I'd ask from experience, maybe with the fans, with the stakeholders, was all that talk before the tournament really there? Ya know, it's always good to express yourself. I mean, we are living in a democratic world, so everybody is expressing themselves about Qatar and all these other things. But once they went into the country and we went into the country and saw the experience, it's amazing. Qatar unveiled the kanzu, it has flags for different countries, the traditional. People are amazed with that, the reception. And everybody will meet in one place, I think it's called Sukwakif, where all the fans are meeting there. So the hype starts from there and now they move out to the stadium and they come back again. No issues of security, no issues of fights and everything. No, I mean, they did a good job. I'm telling you that it's an amazing job. And another thing is, why if I was free? I mean, internet free and once you get in, you can get your orido card and everything. For three days you have free WhatsApp, I mean, you can chat with your friends and you have free of charge. That's something that is very attractive. It tells you how receptive they are. And a lot of learnings for us here, I mean, to bring it back home and see what you've learnt from them. Beside that noise of Qatar being an Islamic country and the lifestyle associated with the nation that is hosting the tournament, there was also noise of a ban of sale of alcohol around the stadium and how Gian Infantino was being condemned and he received huge criticism from some quotas over that particular development. Was that, you know, in some way affect the magnitude of the tournament? I always believe, I say, each house has its own rule. If you come to my house, I have to respect your rules. I think that's what they are trying to say.  And people have to accept and respect their rules. I mean, that's what happens. If we went to South Africa, the South Africans say we rosella. And people made noise, but that's what they wanted. That was the rule, who waslla is something that they are inactive. So, yeah, that's how it is. If there are house rules, then house rules have been made. But the most important thing, the core is the tournament. How is it? Now everybody is now excited. They are forgotten about their house rules. Everybody is focused on the knockouts and how amazing this world cup has come in terms of tension and not sure, like yesterday, if Urugu is going to go out, I mean, we thought maybe they are going to be saved by the Portuguese aside by defeating Korea. But now that tension, that passion, that's what has created this Qatar to be one of the most successful world cup tournaments. And Ken, you know football is supposed to bring all of us together regardless of religion, regardless of race, regardless of tribe like in Kenya, regardless of gender. And we've witnessed what happens in Africa especially. And more so in Kenya, you know, when teams get to lock horns against each other, FC Leipards and Guruma, when they are playing in Mashemeji, Derby, there is not that aspect of sportsmanship and you know, some outcome result into chaos. I'm sure that is something contrary to whatever that you witnessed in Qatar when teams are playing against each other, even fans get to hug each other. You know, the beauty feel about it, it's after the match. You have to go into the metro with the same fans, the same opponents. So that's a beautiful part. And everybody works together, you know, the way they've controlled the crowd on exiting, it's unique. And as you're working out, there's some activities, different kind of country dances, traditional dances, you know, something to entice, something to make you happy.  Then you go, you find some Turkish dancers from different countries and all of you go into one metro and everybody's putting a different jazzy of their beloved country that they're supporting. And people congratulate each other and have fun. It's unique, yeah, it's unique actually. I think if I'm to ask, it's about the stadium because the one that was built in the container, stadium 974, and it's going to be taken apart. I think that is something that can be done here in Kenya because it has happened, it's a great architectural thing and Kenya can try to implement it. But do you think currently with the people involved in, especially football, do you think that they are far off that or is it something that we can expect it happening soon? You know football is visionary. It's about putting structures and having professional people to take it to a different level. And not to claim in Australia, most of the countries in Africa, once you don't have structures, then development football becomes an uphill task. It's a challenge. And the structures should combine with the law, the law of the country because today, I mean we have a lot of youth, maybe over 50 or 60% of our population is youth-based. If we don't have structures for this youth, what are we giving birth tomorrow? I usually tell people is structures are the key, is a key pillar to success. I also had Waaziri saying the same thing, keep on echoing machinani, machinani, machinani. What does machinani means? Machinani means if that young talent should have a facility so that the talent can be seen. World Cup made all scouts globally fly into Qatar to see what talent, but that is only matured talent. That's a mature market. The World Cup is a mature market. It's an epic of football. You see, I know this guy plays for Liverpool or for Manceta or from Paris in Jermaine, but I think we need to negotiate. I want him to transfer from this team to this. But that is already immature. In market, you say that's a key account market. That's a K4 or something. When you go, you have everything already cooked. What about this other market? And that's what Qatar did. They have an academy. That team you see is from an academy. They played together over four, five years. Maybe luck didn't fall by their side, but it's a team when the coach has built. Now for us to be successful, we have to go to the grass roots. We have to put those structures. If a scout is coming to this country and they want to scout on under 17, where will you go today? Under 15, where will you go? Under 23. So if there's a structure, I know exactly if I want players under 15, there's a league already going on, I will go to that league. We have academies which have very good intentions in this country. But these academies, they can go that far and actually market themselves. But if there's a pipeline from those academies into those structures, then we can actually move as a country, as footballers. We have a lot of talent in this country. More talent than what you can imagine. But our talent, there's no light beaming our talent. Our talent is in darkness. Kenyans have always been optimistic that with the increment of teams taking part in World Cup, our country can possibly make it and qualify. But now that the tournament is happening, of course getting represented by five African countries, Kenya excluded. Most Kenyans are there, just like you indicated earlier, they are watching the games. How is the experience from Kenyans watching our combatriots from Africa, Ghana, Senegal, Kamerun, Morocco, Tunisia taking on the rest of the world in now absence?  We are a performing nation, especially when we come to sports. But we're sailing us. We are a performing nation. All those things that are played there, we've played against them and we have some very good results. We've played against them, we have some very good results. We've played against Ghana, we've played against Kamerun, we've played against Morocco. I mean, we've been having very good results and they know Kenya is a tough place, you just can't come and pick points. But now, being a performing nation, how do we go back to our profession? I said again, I'll go back to my place. Structures have to be placed. Structures, transparency, those are the key things. Once you put those kind of structures in place, they will actually grow. Then put professional to run those structures. People will understand. Football is a huge employment. You've seen in Qatar, how many people are employed because of football? A tournament over a month, you can imagine. So that tournament is for a year, for us here. So the same kind of employment, we can actually get it back here at home. We can employ the same people. And if you look at the numbers, if you actually put numbers in place, you see the kind of employment you can get out of football only, not even other sports. So for us to go back into performing lessons, we have to put structures in place. Proper structures and facilities. Ken, I'm sure at your age, you haven't watched most World Cup tournaments. Besides this one of Qatar and the 2018 in Russia, and probably 2014. And like Aliwa has watched, many of them followed by myself. What is your comparison, compare and contrast the ongoing tournament and the previous ones that you've managed to catch a glimpse? I think this group stage, phase number one is better than Russia and Brazil 2014 because of all the drama that we've witnessed, especially in the final games of the group stages. Things were changing in a trice. You are leaving, you are not leaving. So I think it's better than that. And also I think the quality of football for the African teams and also the team like Saudi Arabia, Japan has really, really improved. For them to get wins, for example, Japan to beat Spain and Germany, that's really great. Maybe they wouldn't have done it in 2014-2018, but you see this time, they played with a certain desire that the other teams didn't have. And for the African teams, Cameroon beat in Brazil, even though they went out, that's a really, really immense result. Ghana 3-2 versus Portugal, really, really big results for African nations. Belgium getting hammered by Morocco. No one saw that happening. So in terms of quality, all around the African teams and even the Asian teams, there's been a big, big improvement. Critical points to have mentioned because I remember I was catching an action between like yesterday Uruguay and Ghana, despite the result Uruguay having beaten black stars of Ghana, they thought probably they would qualify, but there was a game that was concurrently happening and it was supposed to determine the fate of the qualification to the last team. Of course, that game beating, it was... Portugal and South Korea. Portugal and South Korea and quite an upset South Korea beating Portugal and now thwarting the efforts of Uruguay qualifying and the same thing happened drama, of course. You remember, it was France against Tunisia and Tunisia beating the holders and I think that makes the beauty of our game, right? Ya. You know, as I said, when the whistle is blown to start the match, people have predictions. Even before that I said, this team is going to win because they base a prediction on historical successes of the particular team and also they base on the prediction on the leagues that these teams are playing, very competitive leagues. EAPL, Syria Air, La Liga, they are playing very commonly but what they are forgetting is these other teams, the Moroccans, the Tunisians, the Senegalese, the Ghana, the Cameroonians, go back and see what they have done into their countries. There are some structures. The Asian football has changed. You remember, there were days that you were saying ah, Asian football used to be beaten 7, 8, 9, 10, 11. It has changed because put have realized for us to have a proper team, they start from the basics. So they building the basics. Today if you go to Saudi Arabia, they have very good youth structures. 30 years, 20 years, you won't see that but today youth structures are there. You go to Japan, the same thing. That's why if a Japanese player is now going to play professional football, you never used to see that. Senegal, look at Senegal, they have very good youth structures. And Asian football, I can actually recommend them, they have, I can recommend them, they have run to a certain level that they have showed how professional, how good they are in the field. The Japanese, they play with passion, discipline, consistency and focus. They never got tired. They never gave up. The Koreans did the same thing. The Moroccans did the same thing.  And this is how we are going to beat you. They started the game. And all this is managed by one thing, technology. Technology. In today's football, if you don't embark on technology, you are still on manual and guessing power, then it will happen. You seen, I mean, the last goal that was scored by Japan on the other day, that went against Spain. Against Spain, yeah. See, it was counted in. Technology now plays a vital role. Outside role. That is technology. So we should ask ourselves, our Kenyans, if there is a level of technology, we locally, where are we right now? Are we doing the right things? Are we doing the wrong things? Where do we need to fix locally now? Because Kenya is a big economy. Kenya is quite a big economy if you compare to a few African countries. And technology is very advanced. If you go to the FinTech world, we are very much advanced. But now technology in sports, that is a key factor that is ailing our soka in this country. We don't have technologies. We don't have, I mean, today, I've seen, you've seen people, when they ruin the justice, this black thing like a brother putting in here. You know what's that? That thing is a gadget that tells you, attracts the player, endurance, kilometers covered, and everything, position and all that. So that data is being filled back to the analysis. So then the team sits down and tells the coach, we agreed on this system, but this player was actually getting out of the system all the time. Or they give them instant information.  Things have changed. Things have changed. And we are still dormant. We need to make what we call a frog leap into technology and how to manage our teams. And we will only be successful if now certain have local coaches sending them outside. You see, and young millennials to go and learn about football analytics. It will help us grow very fast. So that you don't make a substitute by guessing on the technique and say that guy is tired, no. There is a target. It is supposed to have 7 kms. There is a problem. What do we do? So all those substitutions that are being made, they are being made out of informed decisions. And you have mentioned about a very critical point of substitution. And I think that some extent has costed African teams playing at the work up. You remember when Ghana was taking on Portugal and the subs he was making. I think the team was very well and on the value of winning that much. But the moment some player was removed I don't know whether it's kudos then things changed. You know, sometimes the coach have seen that yes, I need to substitute. But when you do it in between a goal and you bring a new team, you know, but they form back their formation and they have played again. It takes quite a bit. 5, 3 up to 7 minutes to settle down as a substitute. So those are technical errors that the coach has made but I think the coach knew exactly what he was doing. Maybe unfortunately the system did not work. So coaches do make substitution because they know that this substitution is going to bring we've seen other subs coming in and their fruits being made out of the subs. I think I totally agree with Ali on the technology and science in sports for example if you look at the bench of advanced countries everyone even the doctors are on comms stand by this no shouting, there's no calling they just speak into it and that's it and also from the data that's collected on the tracker itself it could have helped some countries make better decisions because you can't just judge a player because he's not running fast enough for something. So you have to use the data and if you look at where we are right now and where they are they can have data in by half time on how 45 minutes has gone it's processed in 2-3 minutes and the coach knows even why is your heart beating faster today they have all that so for us it's to trend incorporate that we don't have to really go all out but we have to start slow a little bit of it gradual because our football is coming off a burn and everything but ideas we should really try to implement from just this world cup and talking about our football coming off a burn Ali, what do you make of the lifting of the suspension by FIFA, the communication that came from Zurich very good news to me it was very good news everybody wanted that and I think everybody, each Kenyan wanted to see the FIFA burn being lifted and the lift of FIFA burn now we go back to our brain books what lessons are we learning because this is not the first FIFA burn which is being lifted what are the lessons are we learning why should we go all the time into that direction unless we know the why and now we come to the how then we will not go back to the same direction you see one thing I would say when there's a FIFA burn usually people sit probably brings people together and say we've been burn what are the reasons and unfortunately to say is once you hide, once you say you go blindly and say no because so and so is there, so and so is here so it's okay for us to be burn that's what killing football in this country transparency I should have the guts to tell you Maxwell you're wrong we should do this thing the right way you see once you have that kind of approach to our football then we will grow but as long as we are partisanism if we need something wrong we don't want to talk about it that kills football that kills football in this country and that's what has been killing football in this country but we put structures and those structures are transparent and everybody is accountable like what they see us was saying the other day you have to be transparent you have to be accountable about what you are doing and they should professionalism all the way once we put those assids we will grow I was telling Ken I think that interim suspension to some extent probably it ought to have been positive in this guys for Kenyan football so that we use that window to put a house in order and rectify things because yes we are very grateful to Jan Infantinium FIFA lifting the suspension but what next because understand is there any active football qualification that Kenya is supposed to go through maybe for Kenyan clubs to play in Kav Champions League and Kav Confederation so we ought also to have used that opportunity of wanting outside world football activities to there is something that I learnt in Qatar all those teams at Wanda they went with the allegiance all the teams that participated in Qatar and even those with allegiance and the allegiance are more also involved with the teams they are mentors they are brand ambassadors once you respect your allegiance because they have been in the field they have delivered many of them I mean it is the legionary part of it they come and talk to the teams they give them opportunity and they have outside activities you see clinics there are a lot of football clinics in Qatar some of the players who are active were also going into advance you see like for example Neymar Neymar is advertising a local telko oredo and most of those legions were brand ambassadors for FIFA itself they were brand ambassadors itself and that is what we say Crème de la Crème in a tournament when you see somebody who has won 5 or 4 World Cups appearing there it's an attraction it's marketing of FIFA in itself so here we need to have a structure whereby our legions are involved in terms of putting this kind of structure and I'll give an example somebody is playing in a national team I'll give you a name somebody is disciplineing him you can see it Bobby the same thing JJ and many more even the young generation Kinauliechi Mariga who have come in these guys can bring in a lot in terms of this is sports structure youth academy if you have a brand ambassador who is at up country for example like George Fondi used to talk about discipline in football success in football and when the millennia of the kids look at him and say who is this guy this is what is done and I remember telling people unless now we'll have what we call a football museum it's very key to have a football museum so that even our kids even our young sports people footballers can go into this museum and see the success of Kenyan football Kenyan has a lot of successes but we're not talking about it so having that connection and that there'll be a lot of wisdom exchanged but we have to a proper institution to see into all that when you go to machinani today if you're at home and now December is coming a lot of football tournaments coming in we like to see only an under 15 tournament you see you've gone there you've seen you take a picture or video or coach I said when I was at home I saw this boy look at this video now it's very easy to capture talent you have your phone just capture it and send it back but success will not come until there are structures and I'm telling you we can see a million years but if there's no structures and transparency and accountability then these are shortcuts shortcuts are very expensive to success I think Ken what is also ailing because our administrators and managers have failed to address the welfare of a key person in this game with a player and the backs stops with administrators failing to look at the grievances of an athlete and that's what Ababuna Mamba was saying while he was having a joint conference media press with Kenyarabu union and paid dues and allowances of shuja players who are supposed to travel to Dubai for all seven series I think the administration is really failing the players because if you look at where we are right now and where the more advanced countries are it's a really a lot of steps backwards number one the place is the most important thing is the one who is being seen on the TV is the one who is playing for the country the representation they are really fighting they are the ones you see in tears when things don't go well if we look at Kenya right now when we go to tournaments sometimes the players don't even have the tickets they sleep in hotels and you find that the leadership of a team is already there they are waiting for the players who are going to play who are in an airport somewhere and even if you look at the Europeans even if the players are asked to bring the significant others not themselves but the FA can for example ask England players what they want the significant others there so we are really way way behind I think some of the people in the administration they lack their selfish that's the feeling I get their selfish they want they take too much care of themselves they don't want to sacrifice sometimes to have this player and go give us your all and as we wind up on that particular note the call by CS sport Sababu Namamba saying that he will crack the whip on air and federation it is something you support I have a saying, burn the bush when you burn the bush it's a snake it's an elephant so what the CS is doing is the right thing burn the bush clear it up completely then put your pillars say this is governance if you are not compliant we are not talking you see sports act is key we can't jump it you can't ignore it because that sports act will come and protect the player you are talking about it has audit inside it has integrity it has everything the other thing the sad story is about players in all this noise we had we had people going apart from players themselves say this is our player they cry that you hear that this is our player it doesn't have a medical cover players themselves no insurance but players collect money and actually say let's help me I mean a legion group here most things are not echoed but if they have to be echoed in that legion group and see how many players that their own players ex players have actually been collecting money to go and help their own and you don't see officials coming in you don't see officials coming in and as he said when you look at the tears outside did you see the officials crying apart from the fans and the players not only this because the players are passion to do and your revenue streams is out of those players if you don't have players there is no football so I agree with Waziri sports compliance it's very very key accountability is very critical transparency is very key and once he burns the bush and put everything in order with transparency things are going to work out very well and players contract is key we will echo it I always echo it the contract the players should be inducted of how to read write, sign a contract with our clubs then now to our clubs is time our clubs put the arts together we need youth in our clubs that is very very important because that's how you're going to channel structure the clubs are doing very well but they need to actually up their game a bit so you have a team in KPL they have a youth team and they have a women team that's how you know I mean we're going to develop football you saw a women referee World Cup I mean isn't that a milestone big milestone but you have women referees do you know they are being paid equally having paid equally so give opportunities also to women football it will grow we have very good talent whether it is to be given an opportunity wow gentlemen it's been an honor having you on board and talking about World Cup experience with Dali Amur was in Qatar for the better part of the tournament during the group stage a few live matches especially those involving African teams we've seen now the pairing for the Laskstein and the games today of course beating Argentina against Australia then United States of America playing who? Netherlands and we will be seeking to continue enjoying the action Dali Amur you are parting short your final words are you going for the final? yeah actually yes the opportunity is almost coming through and would be there God willing if everything goes on well would be at the finals my parting short my parting short is we have now another opportunity Abana has been lifted unless we come all together and put those structures and give CS an opportunity because what he needs is an opportunity and support so that he can deliver what he really meant to deliver once we are given is given that support of which I'm sure he has it and he will deliver let's respect governance let's be accountable let's forget our differences and put them aside and say this is for but the benefit of Kenya that flag the national anthem when you hear this national anthem and you look at Senegalese or Ghana or Moroccan see that national anthem the passion in it it's something else and I remember in an interview one of the footballers a legend I think it was a Spanish or something I can't remember the country you were saying World Cup is when the national anthem is being sung and you know you are here chosen by your country to represent them in a world some monumental feeling I usually call World Cup are you and sports you see they are you and me now sports World Cup is part of it it's how the people beat so if you work hard together and if we start building a national team today in four years and as per the CS words we are going to be in World Cup you see and once we get into a coach that coach should be permanently with that team just like Alice you see permanently we give him chance even if he loses for the four years or three years but let that coach have that one team and gear to it then channels of ensuring the scouts are coming in to pick a good talent and export them outside we have the talent because we don't have structures thank you thank you Ali Amur for coming through and sharing your insights with what you learnt in Qatar during your few days stay in Doha for the FIFA World Cup and I am going to the 22nd edition for the tournament currently and we are entering the last 16 of course don't go away stay tuned we are coming back with discussion regarding the last 16 pairing and how that pan out we are enjoying the interesting moments of FIFA World Cup in Qatar


The researchers developed a new material called co-layered double hydroxide, CoLDH, that has been integrated with zinc oxide framework, ZIF67. This combination was found to be highly effective in enhancing the performance of the oxygen evolution reaction, OER, which is a key step in the production of clean and renewable energy from water. The researchers used computational modeling to study the interactions between the two materials and found that the CoLDH layer was able to increase the strength of the CoLDH in the LDH layer, making it easier to break the HO bond in the OER reaction. As a result, the CoLDH at ZIF67 material showed improved OER activity and long-term stability compared to other materials. This article was authored by Zhen Xingli, XIN Zhang, Ikuan Kang, and others.


This is the half reaction, we can apply half reaction as it is, initially the concentration of C u 2 plus is given. Suppose it is given that is final concentration is what? X5. Now we have to apply the next equation for this and this and then we have to subtract this equation. For this if I use e-cell is equal to what? e-cell is equal to minus 0.0591 by 2 log of 1 by X. Now for the other equation, e-cell is equal to minus 0.0591 by 2 log of 1 by 0.1 X. This is final and this is initial. So 2 minus 1 will be what? e-cell final minus e-cell initial and that will be this minus this, we get answer because e0 cell is constant that is why the cell is not given in others. This we get cancel and we have minus 0.0591 by 0.06 because 0.0654 gives you 0.03. That approximation we can make 0.06520 common log of 1 by 0.1 X minus this that will be plus 0.06 by 2 log of 1 by, so if I take common 0.03 log of X divided by 0.1 X. This by this X will go in the numerator and 0.1 X. So it becomes log 10 answer will be what? 0.03. So this minus 0.0591 by 2 log of 1 by 0.1 X by X because minus 0.0591 by 2 log of 1 by 0.1 X. Okay yeah actually that expression is there. It's like log. It's like log. It's like log. Right, right. Right. That's what log e minus log b log e minus log b. Right on B. Right on B. Now we have to find out that these three terms we have to find out. It's not that important but just we'll see the formula. Okay. Only one formula out of the three is important and I'll tell you the temperature coefficient formula. Okay. Now you see for this g we can write it as h minus ds right. And h we can write e plus pd internal energy plus pressure volume. Very small change what we can write dg is equals to de plus pdv plus vdp minus pds minus sdv. Is it? First change in 1 down into de plus p constant change in v plus v constant change in v plus t constant change in s plus sdv. Right understood. Now you see de plus pdv from first law we can write it as what dq from FL 14. First law of thermodynamics. dq is equals to de plus pdv right. And dq is also equals to dvs from second law of thermodynamics. Yes or no? What? dv is equals to dvs second law of thermodynamics. This is term this de plus pdv and tds gets cancelled yes or no? Yes. Right. At constant pressure because usually the cell reaction takes place at constant pressure only at constant pressure dp is equals to what? Zero. Zero. So this term also equals to z. Now this sdt or we can write down s is equals to minus dg by right s is equals to minus dg by dt right. Now change in entropy is what delta s is equals to minus d by dt of delta g. What is delta g? Minus. Minus nf esel right. So when I substitute it here it becomes nf tesel by dt. So the formula of delta s is equals to nf tesel by dt. On this formula they have asked question once out of the three delta s they have asked once. Tesel by dt we call it as temperature coefficient temperature coefficient. Sometimes what happens they will get the relation of esel with temperature like this dt square plus dt plus c something like this then give you the expression. You have to find out they ask what is the temperature coefficient at this temperature. So what do you have to do? You have to differentiate this desel by dt right. This side you differentiate substitute temperature. So this formula on this formula they have asked one question right. Other two del H and delta cp is not that much important but we will see the formula. There are two steps there. Now you see this one with this particular expression we have delta g and we have delta s. And we find out delta h from this right. So delta g is equals to what we can write delta h minus t delta s right. So we have to find out delta h delta h is what? Delta g plus t delta s delta g formula we have minus nf tsel plus t delta s formula we have. So the formula of that minus nf tsel plus nf t tsel by delta d equals to density pt. So for one more for one more what we can write cp is equals to dh by. So delta cp is equals to what? d by dt of delta h delta h you have in substitute okay. The expression you get will be easy and small it won't that big okay. Something you get cancelled when you substitute delta h here and difference here okay. You see d by dt I will write down here d by dt of minus nf tsel plus nf t d tsel by delta d. Can you do the same difference here? First of all what we do u plus v correct. And in the v again we can use u into v right. Here minus nf tsel by dt plus write nf d tsel by dt into dt by dt plus. Did you write this? Del h. Del h we have written down plus we will use t into d2 esel by dt. This is clear. See first of all what we do this nf we take common d esel by dt is out differentiation of t. Plus t is out differentiation of d esel by dt. D esel by dt is what? d esel by dt is what? Right. What? Right. So this dt by dt is equals to what? 1. 1. What? 1. It's differentiation. Sir didn't you already differentiate that first term? What? This one is there nf is out minus d esel by dt. Now differentiation of this again u into v we are applying. Right. If you already don't see this do it on your own.  Right. Now you see this dt by dt is what? What we have left with nf d esel by dt minus nf d esel by dt. These two terms will also get transferred. Right. If you already doubt into this do it on your own. It's very easy to do it.  Right. Okay.


Hi, folks. Thank you very much. And thanks for coming. This is a pretty big crowd for 9 o'clock in the morning. So basically, let's see, do I have this right? Yes. This is Valerie Aurora. She is helping us with the conference setup and the unconference piece of this especially and has been incredibly helpful as we've in the last minute scramble to get everything figured out here. So first two days, meetings. Like we all know how much you love sitting there and waiting through a presentation and doing your email during a meeting. So you've got two days for that. So this is how I feel about meetings. I love a good meeting. When I'm done with one, I feel energized and I want to run down the street. And it's kind of embarrassing. And so I've done a lot of work to try to help make the meetings that you have in the next two days make you feel more like this than like this. So I'll be going through a bunch of different little tools that later on after Rob talks some more about other areas. Yeah, so that's the first two days. And then as Rachel said, the third day, everybody is invited to go to the office. And it'll be a little bit of pandemonium, but it'll be fun. So the agenda. Basically, we have been, as everybody here who's been participating in the process knows, it's been kind of a crazy process. But I think we've got a great agenda for you here. And we'll see how it plays out. The way that we did it was we broke things up into, we broke things up into areas. And yes, by the way, we also have the un-conference part of this is a pretty big part of this. So basically, we've got Robertson 1 here and Robertson 2. That is mostly scheduled. And then there are three un-conference rooms. And what you need to do is you need to start editing that now. So we're not going to be offended if you are on your laptops like doing work because if you're scheduling an un-conference session, yes, you're doing the right thing. It's going to be starting here very shortly at 10 o'clock. So that's what's going on in parallel with the two main track sessions. So the two main tracks. Oh, yes, go ahead. So I just want to talk for all of the sessions, both the un-conference and the main track sessions. I really want to emphasize that a lot of people came a long ways here. We burned a lot of pounds of carbon. There's probably less ice at the North Pole. And I really want to encourage you to make the best use of your time here. And so I just have a short story from my time as a Linux kernel developer. Obviously, we're in a very similar situation being all over the world and most of the time only being able to communicate by email or if we're lucky, a phone call or a video conference. So we once had 70 people at the File Systems Summit that I helped organize.  He worked on this presentation really hard. He was proposing a major change to the VFS system. And he was ready for a fight, because every time he talked about it on the mailing list, someone had some sort of nitpicky thing to say. So he proposed the thing. It got done. And then he was like, all right, bring it on. And everyone just nodded their heads, yes. It was 70 people in that room going, er, er, er, er. And that's invisible on the internet, right? So that's the kind of thing. That's one example of the sort of thing that can happen at an event like this if you're using your time well. I mean, the other thing to do with it is that you have, in this kind of face-to-face discussion, you have a lot more information and you have a lot more back and forth. So you can very quickly clear up differences of opinion or misunderstandings. So if you can, as much as possible, keep things in a discussion format, that's a better use of your time here than sitting and listening to something that you could hear get out of a video session. And I just want to say, we really want to, as part of that, limit the presentation part of any session to no more than 20 minutes. You don't need to have 20 minutes of presentation. You can have zero minutes of presentation, especially for the on-conference sessions. But again, this is about making the most of the time that you have here. OK, now the areas. Yes, and by the way, don't make us embarrass you. Let's really try to stick with this. And I know there's a lot of you that have bigger things put together. But think about what you need to present. So what we did when we were in the process of scheduling all of this is we figured out what the areas of specialization were in the various problems that people were trying to solve with the various conference proposals, and then group them into areas. And we're hoping that what we'll see is a self-organizing group of people around each of those areas. And self-organizing maybe is a little bit strong. I'm going to be nudging very strongly. But I hope that these areas survive past the summit. So just in my brief experience with them, they seem like the right things. So the first area is collaboration. How do we work together? How do we make it so that people can edit the software that we have on our site in the same way that they edit the pros on Wikipedia or edit any of the rest of the site? We want to make it so that we have just as many people in there monkeying around with the site itself. Another area is software engineering. So this is a very similar area to collaboration in that we want to make sure that everything makes sense. But this is about how do we do it? How is it put together? What is the, does this all make sense? Like if somebody comes here and then it's crazy town when they get here, they may want to go someplace else to learn about how to do proper software development. So we want our software to be good. And then user interface presentation. So this is basically the equivalent of the front end standards group. This is how do we make our software really usable and really a joy to use and makes you productive and makes you want to keep using it. And so it's about improving the usability of our software and the user experience of our software. And then content access. This is about actually getting, how do we get data in and out of the system? So it's not about the formats of the data, but it's about just the mechanisms that we use for caching, the mechanisms that we use for backing it up, maybe some of the backup formats would go into the content access and APIs area. And then finally, the content format. This is the foundation of it all. This is where the format that the data itself is in. And that's what we're looking for to, like as people are modifying the content of our website, we want to make sure that it's in a sensible format. It's one that we're able to build great new features and great new software on top of. So discussion. All right, so that's what you'll be talking about. And then I'm going to go over some tips for having a better discussion and enjoying your meetings and coming out of your meetings with a smile on your face. Just very quickly, there's a section that includes all of this stuff on the meeting wiki right there. OK, so there are two major tools to make all of the sessions run better. They're especially important for the on-conference sessions, but they'll make all of the sessions go better. The first one is the session checklist, which it just lays out the basic things to do in each session. I won't go over it here because it's printed out in every room. But it'll just be like, hey, what are we supposed to do? Oh, look at the session checklist. There's four roles that make for a good meeting. You know that I don't know if you've ever had a good meeting. Have you ever had a good meeting? Raise your hand. All right, OK, this is good. I recently did a Twitter poll and it was a much smaller percentage of people. So good meetings are not magic. There's actually roles that people take on that make them be great. And they are the gatekeeper, facilitator, the scribe, and the timekeeper. And I'll go over each of those in slightly more detail, but they're also printed on these role cards in each room. So at the beginning of each session, physically pick up the role cards and get people to take a role by taking the card and looking at it. Then it has instructions for what to do on it. The role cards are not about, OK, now there's only one person who can be the facilitator, one person who can take notes. It's just about making someone feel like they're responsible. If that person is speaking or distracted or otherwise unable to do their job, go ahead and jump in. You have are invited to jump in and do it as well. Take over until they can do the job again. So the gatekeeper is, in my opinion, the most important role. It is the person who makes sure everyone gets a chance to be heard and that you're spending your time well. So specifically, the gatekeeper interrupts people who have been speaking too long. At an event like this, it's probably somewhere around two to five minutes is too long. This is very important. They help people who have difficulty speaking get a chance to speak. Often, even someone who doesn't even look like they're trying to speak has something great to say and can completely summarize what's happened and move the meeting forward. It's really fantastic. So sometimes, the interesting thing about being a gatekeeper is you have to be comfortable with interrupting people. This often means the gatekeeper is very comfortable with talking for a long time, too. So if the gatekeeper is speaking for too long, feel free to jump in and be like, hey, maybe someone else should have a get some time. And also, I want to say it's also difficult for the gatekeeper to do this job. So if you're an influential person who has a lot of respect in the community, make it easy for the gatekeeper to do their job. Pay attention to how long you're speaking and try to stop yourself at two to five minutes. Okay, the facilitator. This is the person who's guiding the meeting through its goals. This is more important for the on-conference sessions where it's unclear what the goal is, perhaps, at the beginning. And that's one of the things you need to do is figure out what the goal of that session is, how you're going to get there. So this is also on the wiki, but there's these general types of sessions and you want to be clear about which one you're having. Probably you're going to be having one of the first three which are problem solving, just surveying a bunch of problems. A straw man, which is going into depth on a specific problem or a solution to a problem, or field narrowing, deciding which of the solutions you're going to take further. You're unlikely to have consensus type meetings here where people decide on a thing going forward because that you don't necessarily have the people in the room who need to do that. The other kind is education, which is just giving people information about something that's already been decided. So the facilitator should be the person using the session checklist and making sure all the things on it are getting done. Okay, the scribe. The scribe is also very important. I put S in there because scribes, because often one note taker can't keep up with things. It's great to have multiple note takers. We're using Etherpad, we can do that. So the notes are really important. Having good notes are really important to continuing what we did today into the future. You really want to feel like what you spent your time on here is paying off and is not wasted. And an important way to do that is to create notes. So we've created a notes template that includes the major things you should probably be thinking about, like including the fabricator task that's related to it. It's on the Etherpad and you can copy it into a new Etherpad. And that's on the roll card for the scribe. And just a reminder, Etherpads are public to the world. So don't say mean things about people on them. Okay, Timekeeper. This is also important, especially because we have such wonderful long sessions. It could be easy to get distracted and not realize that you've only talked about the first 20% of what you wanted to talk about in your 80 minute session, right? So the Timekeeper's job is, as the facilitator identifies, hey, we're gonna talk about X, Y and Z. The Timekeeper figures out like, hey, if we want to talk about Z today, we should be done with X in 10 minutes and Z in 20 minutes and then we'll have time. And then you remind people that Time is going by. Like, hey, it's been 10 minutes. Do we wanna move on to the next thing? Do we wanna wrap this up? And paying attention and reminding people when there's only five to 10 minutes left in the session. So those are the four roles that help people have really good meetings. And if you do all of these things and use the roll cards, hopefully you'll have a great meeting and be excited about these two days. So here's some general discussion guidelines that are about how you speak. This was a bunch of stuff about the structure of speaking and this is about like your individual sentences. So I'll start out with a discussion guidelines around talking about gender. The vocabulary to use for people of particular genders is say men, women and or people of all genders. Don't use girls for women over 18 years of age. Don't use females. It's dehumanizing. Don't use guys for mixed gender group. There's a bunch of great words for that. Folks, people, all y'all, everybody. Don't use body parts to refer to specific genders. It doesn't work A and B. It's not that clever. And say trans people for people whose gender is different than that assigned at birth. Coming to race, class and family role. Don't use ethnic or urban to mean people of a particular race. Use people of color to refer to people who aren't white. Don't make generalizations based on race like because a person is of this race, they must have this religion or this food or speak this language, right? Don't use stereotypes about people with specific types of jobs. This often comes up especially in usability discussions. Let's remember there are a lot of people of all different jobs who are editing Wikipedia, things like that. And don't use stereotypes about parents or caretakers so easy your mom could use it. That just needs to never be said again. Okay. Or about whether they're caretakers or their age, things like that. Grandmother is also unacceptable. Okay, and just a reminder for specific to Wikipedia stuff to remember that people might not know all the acronyms that you're using and be willing to quickly explain them if someone asks. This is a good role for the gatekeeper to jump in and ask, hey, does everyone understand that? Okay, summary. Use the roll cards. Use the session checklist. Especially for the unconference session, but for all the sessions, leave or join the sessions at will. It's once you walk into a room, you're not committed. You can be like, whoa, not the session I thought I wanted to be in and leave and go somewhere else. That's totally acceptable. If you're an influential person who has a lot of respect in the community, please self-monitor and try not to dominate the conversation. Remind people of the discussion guidelines if you see them going off track. And just another reminder, report anything that violates the friendly space policy if you feel it's important. So we take that very seriously. All right, and just a reminder, here's the wiki page.


Good afternoon, everyone, and welcome. This is Melissa Armo with the Stock Swoosh, and I'm here reviewing BBRY. This was one of those ones that was a bullish gap, and you know, every once in a while there isn't that many shorts to look at, and then I will look at bullish gaps. Today was one of those days where it was slim pickings to the downside, and BBRY did have earnings today. I called this trade in the room. It was not aggressive. But it still was early. Anybody that wanted to do it, 68 by 50, and it took off. Target was $8. It got to it right in here. Again, between 9.30 and 10. So it depends what time zone you're in. If you do these trades before you go to work or at work, or you could be at night time for you when the market's open or late afternoon. It really doesn't take long to do gaps. Just in that 30-minute period between 9.30 and 10, many, many of these trades set up. And today was a good example because we talked about this in the room. It was a one-and-a-half hour trade. You size it for 20 cents. If you size it for 15 cents, it was a two-hour trade. This is a good risk-to-reward trade. And I will talk about this more in the lecture on Monday because I think people have a lot of questions about risk-to-reward. And this also was not an expensive stock, okay? $7 price point stock. So very unusual that this was a bullish one here today that worked and moved when I like to focus to the short side. But I did call this in the room today, and it was a nice nice trade and went straight up right to the target. Actually here you can see it. Look, this is 9.30. This is 9.45. Anyone with any questions, email me at Melissa at the stockswish.com. If you'd like to sign up for the Golden Gap class, it is April 8th and 9th. Bullish watch today here, BBRY. It worked very very well and have a great weekend everyone.


What is Python? Python is one of the most popular programming languages in the world, created by Guido Van Rossum in the early 1990s. Hi guys, I'm Rusahang from UU Education and welcome to the Python Tutorial and in this video I'm going to answer some of the most asked questions about Python such as what is Python, why choose Python and what are the features of Python that make stand out. Now that we know the agenda of this video before we'll get started, please subscribe my channel if you're not yet. Let me know if you have any question and turn on the notification for future video updates. With that, let's get started with our first topic that is what is Python? Well, Python is general proposed high level interpreted language with easy syntax and dynamic semantics program language. Now, you must have heard this definition a lot but what do all this means? Let's understand one by one starting with general proposed language. A language designed to be used for writing software in various applications domains without beginning restricted or particular domain. What that means that Python is used a variety of field like a domain specify language, high level language, a programming language that use natural language elements which makes it a lot easier to read and understand to codes, a high level language also automates significant area of computing well coding like memory allocation and management. Interpreted language. Python is an interpreted language which means that your Python script is saved and execute in the same format in which you created the script as opposed to the compile languages where the code is first translated to a set of machine specify instruction and then saved as a executable file. Dynamic semantics. Dynamic semantics means that the Python pressure automatically infer or identify the type of variable on the basic of what kinds of data you have assigned to the variable which means that you don't need to worry about declaring a number correctly that will store the sum result of an integer and a decimal. Now that we fully understand what is Python. Why choose Python? Let's move on to the next topics and understand what are the various reasons for choosing Python over other languages. Well very fast factor that attacks to majority of coder to programming language. Python has an easy to learn structure to read and write these syntax of Python can be easily understood even by the beginners. It runs on multiple operating system both inclined and cloud and has a vast ecosystem of tools libraries that address a large number of programming scenarios. More and more developer moving their project every day over to the Python because it is such as powerful and such as easy to use language. It is used for all sorts of tasks including web development, data science, automation, data analysis and it is immersed as the language to run for machine learning. That popularity means the Python developers are demand and Python programming jobs can be too creative. The above mentioned reasons are why it might be a good idea for you to learn how to program in Python. Features of Python. Python follows object-oriented programming language which means that program in Python can be grouped and bundled into individual object making the easy to understand. Now that's just one of the many advantages of begin object-oriented. Python is also course platform language which means that Python program written on a macOS system will also run on Windows and Linux operating system with liter or no modification required. Python can be also integrated with other programming language such as C, C++, Java and so on. Now we have already discussed that syntax of Python is very easy to understand. It is English like elegant syntax is what that makes Python stand out the most among other languages. Now that we know all that main features and about Python. Finally, Python is supported by an active users community that is eager to help new programmers learn the Pythonic way where you don't just get the syntax right but use the language the way it was intended.


Chair recognizes Mr. VC for five minutes. Mister chairman, thank you very much. And as many of you know, just like the rest of the country, the Dallas forward area is experiencing huge growth in technology companies. And we want to make sure that that we are collectively working together to ensure that low income communities and communities of color across the Metroplex as we like to call it can benefit from some of the economic opportunities made possible as we explore the next wireless frontier. And that brings me to my next question for Mr. guys. Can you elaborate how using a mix of access regimes approach and exploring spectrum opportunities benefits low income communities and communities of color as new technologies and services emerge? Yes, thank you very much for the question, Congressman VZ. A mix of access regime. What it does is it ensures that entrepreneurs, minority businesses have the opportunity to explore getting access to spectrum and spectrum technologies on unlicensed networks without a huge upfront payment on spectrum acquisition. So it creates those kind of opportunities. In addition, you know, the FCC actually has a policy given to it by this Congress under section 309 that it should structure its auctions in a way that encourages minority and women owned businesses to participate. And as the FCC looks at structuring auctions, we encourage them to think about how design of that auction, particularly in terms of spectrum service areas may may hinder that capability or that opportunity for women and minority owned businesses. So we kind of push them and we hope you'll push them. But it is that mix of access that entrepreneurs and innovators in the unlicensed space can can obtain market without having to go through the spectrum acquisition cost. And then those minority and women owned businesses that they can pursue opportunities in spectrum. The FCC should structure its auction to encourage that participation. What can Congress do to help prioritize that to make sure everyone who wants and needs to be connected has equal access to the next generation technology? Well, you know, Congress took a substantial step in the IIJA and bringing connectivity to these communities. The NTIA as it rolls that program out needs to be rigorous in ensuring that the states are pursuing those opportunities where there are, you know, urban and rural divides that need to be bridged. This is a once in a generation investment. And we certainly are encouraging them to make certain that, you know, through the mapping and other efforts, they are targeting these communities with those investments.


Ladies and gentlemen, the story you are about to hear is true. The names have been changed to protect the innocent. Dragnet is brought to you by Chesterfield, made by Liggett and Myers. First major tobacco company to give you a complete line of quality cigarettes.  You're assigned to auto detail. An organized gang of thieves has been stripping cars in your city.  There's no lead to the identity of the members of the gang. Your job? Stop them. Smokers by the thousands are now changing to Chesterfield. No wonder more and more smokers are learning this fact for themselves. Chesterfield, low in nicotine, highest in quality. A published fact proved by chemical analyses of the country's six leading cigarette brands. Chesterfield, the only cigarette ever with a record like this. Regular or king size, Chesterfield is best for you. The documented drama of an actual crime. For the next 30 minutes in cooperation with the Los Angeles Police Department, you will travel step by step on the side of the law through an actual case transcribed from official police files. From beginning to end, from crime to punishment, Dragnet is the story of your police force in action. It was Tuesday, June 13th. It was overcast in Los Angeles. We were working the day watch out of auto theft detail. My partner is Frank Smith. The boss is Captain Nelson. My name's Frank. I was on my way into the office and it was 7.52 a.m. when I got to room 45, auto theft. Good morning, Joe. Hi, Bob. You seen Frank? No, I hasn't been in yet. Oh, all right. Hey, Joe? Yeah. When Art gets in, tell him Don Arnay, huh? Yeah, sure. Bob, how's it going? Oh, pretty good. What happened to you? Well, if it's all the same to you, I'd rather not talk about it. That's bad, huh? You seen Joe? Yeah, he's over his locker. Thanks. Morning, Joe. What happened to you? Joe, I'd rather not discuss it. Well, what happened? All those scratches on your face there? Please, Joe. I'll just ask you. Look pretty bad, huh? Joe? Yeah. I look pretty bad, huh? I thought you didn't want to talk about it, you said. If word about this gets out, Joe, I ain't ever going to live it down. Yeah, right. I've been had, Joe. Copped for 12 years, I've been had. Well, what's it all about? You won't spread this around, will you? Look, I just ask you what happened now. If you don't want to tell me, I'll go along with it. You're not to say a word.  You better get in touch with Bulls when he comes in and try to check some of these out, huh? You're not even interested, huh? All right. You want to tell me about it? Well, if you really want to. Here, go ahead. Well, last night it took Fay down to the store. She had a little shopping to do. Small stuff, you know. Pot holders, dish towels, things like that. Yeah. I got a parking place right in front of the store so I waited in the car for her. I was sitting there listening to the radio when this fellow walked up to the car. He leaned in the window and asked me if I had a minute. I told him I did and asked him what he wanted. Did you know the guy? Never saw him before. Didn't know him from Adam. Right off, I could see the guy had trouble. How do you mean? Well, he looked real bad. Like he'd been on a drunk for at least a week. His clothes were all rumpled up. Look like he slept in them for a week. You know how I mean. Yeah. What did this guy want to talk to you about? Well, I saw him. I figured he was going to put the bite on me. So I braced myself, you know. You braced yourself, huh? Yeah, you know. I'm a real sucker for hard luck stories. Fay's always telling me I should learn to stay away from those guys. She would just say on the other night that I... What did this guy want? Huh? Well, what do you want this fellow to talk to you? Oh, well, he gave me this story about how he'd been on a bat and how he was broke. And he needed some money to clean up before he went home. Uh-huh. Well, he makes it real plain that he does not want a handout. Nothing for nothing. Well, you suppose he meant by that? That's when he showed me the package. The package, huh? Yeah. What package? Well, the one he was carrying. Didn't I tell you that? No, he didn't yet. Well, you see, before I couldn't see it. Then he showed it to me. It's all done up in tissue paper, ribbons and all. Paper was kind of dirty like he'd been carrying it for a long time. Ribbon was a little tired, but it was there. Uh-huh. So he asked me if I wanted to buy it. That was this package. Well, what was in it? He asked me if I wanted to buy that. Well, what was in it? He took off the paper and he opened the thing up. And Joe inside is a brand new razor. Brand new. Worth 25, 26 bucks in town. What kind of a razor? Well, he said he'd let me have it for 20 bucks. No, what kind of a razor are you? Just a razor, the kind you shave with? Yeah, an electric razor. Oh, well, you didn't tell me it was electric. Didn't I say that, Joe? No. You said he'd let you have it for 20 bucks just because he needed the money. Yeah. Well, it happened that I didn't have 20 bucks, you know me, so I told him I couldn't make a deal. Then he left, huh? No, Joe. Now, look, you wanted to hear it. Will you let me finish? Well, it takes you a little time. I have to keep drawing you out here. I'm sorry, Joe. I want you to get all the facts. Mm-hmm. We're officers together. We talked back and forth for a little bit.  That's a new approach, isn't it? Joe, well... So finally, he says you let me have the razor for 15 bucks. So I bought it.  Well, in a way. You see, I had to buy some blades last night, and since I had the new electric, I didn't do it. Well, you don't need blades for an electric. No, it wasn't for the electric, Joe. It was for the old one that I had it at home. Oh, but you had the electric now, so... Sure, and once I had that in my hand, I didn't want any blades. I didn't see. The only thing I had in the house was a blade that was a week old. So I got up this morning, plugged in my brand-new electric. What do you figure happened? Well, I want to take a real blind guess. It didn't run. How'd you know? Well, the same thing happened to Murphy over in robbery last month. There was a big laugh around here. You were one of the guys that laughed the most, don't you remember? Yeah. Oh, yeah, I remember now. It's miserable. Murphy know about this yet? No.  Righty, Smith? Yeah, Skipper. See you guys. Right. Close the door. Sit down. Thank you. What happened to you, Smith? Uh, it's a long story, Skipper. You can tell me later. I want you guys to take a look at this. What do you got there? Just saw Chief Brown on the way, and he's getting pressure from the corner pocket. They want this thing cleared up. What is it, Joe?  Not the usual line of stuff, not just happening in certain neighborhoods. We got reports here from the valley, Hollywood, Wiltshire, all of the divisions. Same things happening all over town. Talk to the boys in the sheriff's office. They're getting it. Same in Burbank, Beverly Hills, Santa Monica. It doesn't seem to be any place they aren't getting to. How about the stolen stuff, Skipper? Any of it show up yet? Not that we can find. All the usual outlets have been checked. None of the loot can be bought. Any special kind of things being taken? Let him see those reports, Jim. Yeah, here. Thanks. Take a look. We're not messing with kids, in this thing. We had the victims tell it. This gang can break into a locked car and lift the radio in under 10 minutes. They can pull all four wheels off a car in under six minutes. Insurance companies are screaming. They already got into the police commission. Chief Brown told me this morning he didn't care how we did it, but he wanted it stopped. Well, where do we start? Well, up to now, the investigation's been handled pretty much for the divisions. From here in, it's in your laps. Use as many men as you need. Just bring the thieves in. You know, working on anything now, are you? No, we're not. We're just winding up that Gibson thing. Couple reports to finish. We should be through by noon. We'll turn the reports over to somebody else. I want you to start on this thing right away. OK. Right, Skipper. Anything you need, let me know. Right. We'll check you later. Right. Smith? Yes, sir? How'd you get all those cuts in your face there? Shaden? Well, in a way, yeah. Yeah, same thing used to happen to me. Why don't you get yourself an electric raising? 8-11 a.m. Frank and I asked one of the other men in the detail to take care of the reports on the case that we'd finished. And then we started through the statements we'd gotten from Captain Nelson. From them, we got a pretty good idea of how the car stripping ring was operating. There seemed to be a definite plan for the thefts. Most of the stolen articles were in the luxury class. Only radios were taken from Cadillacs and Lincoln's. Heaters were stolen from Chrysler's. Special hubcaps from foreign cars were listed among the stolen property. We had the stats office make a run on the M.O. that we could piece together, but their information led us nowhere. In none of the reports was there a possible description of the thief. The times the cars were stripped and the locations where the burglaries occurred made it apparent that it was a large-scale operation. For the next two days, we talked to the victims. We double-checked the time of the thefts and the movement of the victims immediately preceding the car stripping. We asked about people loitering in the vicinity of the parked cars. None of the drivers who'd been victimized could supply us with any more evidence than they'd given us in their statements. Friday, June 16th, we checked the list of recent parolees from state penitentiaries and work farms looking for ex-convicts who'd been involved in cases of car stripping. The list of names we came up with were checked out that they led us nowhere. In the meantime, the pressure from the citizens' groups in the city had gotten worse. At the end of the first week we'd been working on the case. The value of stolen articles reached about $500 a day. Additional officers were assigned to patrol the streets. Radio cars doubled the number of field interrogations they normally made, and although several arrests were made, the possibles picked up apparently had no part in the activities of the organized ring. On Saturday, June 24th, we got a call from an ex-convict. He asked us to come out to his garage and talk to him. Come on back here, fellas. We can talk while I finish up. All right.  Yeah, I've been pretty lucky. Got just about all I can handle now. The way business is going, I'm going to have to take on some more help. How many men you got working for you now, Al? Two full-time. In two days, I've got a couple of kids who come in to help out with the wash jobs. Uh-huh. Now, we can talk right here, pull up a couple of those chairs. All right. There's a rag there on that bench.  That's okay, Al. What do you want to see us about?  I'll never forget it. Real nice. Don't worry about it, Al. I read in the papers where you're getting a lot of heat on the stripping going around. Yeah, that's right. I just wondered how you're doing on it. That's going pretty slow. Why, do you know anything? I've got a couple of rumbles. You know, it's hard not to hear them. I heard that none of the stuff's been shoved out, right? Well, you haven't seen any of it. Well, the way I get it, you aren't about to. Hey, hand me that socket wrench, will you? This one? Yeah, Alton. There you go. Thanks. Phillip came in here a couple of days ago. I knew him from before. He said he wanted to do business. Uh-huh. He asked me if I was interested in some good buys and juice radios. Uh-huh. I told him I might be if they were good. He said these were the best all GMs. Then he gave me the price. When I heard that, I knew something was up. What was he asking? I told him he could deliver six Cadillac radios for $28.50 apiece. I asked him where he got them. What did he say to that? I told him he wasn't any of my business. Said what he got them didn't make the radios plainly different. Well, makes you figure he might be in on the operation we're after. Well, I told him that if he could make deliveries at that price, I'd want a lot more than a half a dozen. You know? Well, he said he couldn't supply them. Said that he only could spring six. I asked him if he was working alone. He told me no. I figured I ought to give you guys a call. Might be something for you. You said you know him, huh? Yeah, from before. Say you guys like a cold beer? No, Al. No thanks, Al. Well, you mind if I have one? It's kind of hot. No, go ahead. Thanks. Day gets a little hot. You really notice it. Are you sure you guys don't want a beer? No. No thanks. Never could drink it out of a can. It seems to taste better in a glass. That's good. Who was the guy, Al? Oh, it's Manny, Manny Phillips. You know who you get in touch with him? I haven't got the slightest idea. Has he ever fallen? Yeah. I did time at Q for GTA. Is he on parole? I don't know. I think he made it free like I told you. I didn't know him real well. He used to hang around. Never had much to do with him. Mm-hmm. Yeah, this is the first time I've seen him since I got out. I've been staring clear of the old bunch. Makes it easier if you don't pal around with him. Business I got's going good. Got no trouble with anybody. And I wanted to go on like this. Mm-hmm. Never could figure it. Guy falls out and right away, he's back with the same old bunch. Are you going to stay clean like that? Well, you aren't. Somewhere along the line, you've got to make a mistake. You're right back where you started. I'll take you to learn. I spent four and a half years at the joint. Well, some of them fall harder than that, Al. Yeah? We still don't learn. 1120 a.m., we called the office, and Sergeant Bob Beck and Officer Art Moaner came out to the garage to stake out in case the suspect came back. Frank and I took Al Woodson down to the city hall and checked the name Manny Phillips through R&I. From the packages that were pulled, we were able to get an identification of the man who'd offered the radios for sale. We checked the information contained in the package. Phillips, whose real name was Manuel Richard Phillips, had an arrest record dating back 12 years. He'd spent one year at Fred C. Nellis School for Boys for car stripping when he was 14. From the time of his release, he'd been arrested on the average of once every two weeks. His age at the time of his latest release from San Quentin was given as 26. Out of that time, he'd spent a total of eight years in state penal institutions. From his package, we obtained his last recorded address. We checked it out and found that he'd moved three months before. We checked his forwarding address. He'd moved. Finally, after talking to the managers of nine more rooming houses and apartments, we came up with his present residence. The landlady told us that Phillips apparently didn't work for a living, but that he always had the money for his rent. She described him as quiet and said that he usually spent a good part of the daylight hours in his room. She was unable to tell us anything about his friends or any business associates that he might have. A stakeout was set up on the place immediately. Because of the apparent size of the operation, it was decided not to attempt to take this aspect into custody at this time. Instead, Captain Nelson agreed that we should keep Phillips under surveillance and try to learn more about the car stripping game. For the next week, we followed Phillips. 24 hours a day, there were at least two officers tracing his movements. On three nights, he was watched while he stripped cars of expensive accessories. The area was put under a code 5, so there would be no possibility of a suspect learning he was under observation. 11 days after the surveillance began, Phillips was observed to visit a large marine supply yard down in San Pedro. The next night, July 6th, he drove up to the place at 11.37 p.m.  Immediately afterwards, he returned to his room. The following morning, at 8.06 a.m., we met with Sergeant Beck in Captain Nelson's office. What did you find out about the ownership of the supply yard? The license was issued to a Harry Swenson. And how about him? We checked the name through the eye of your own. Nothing on him there. Beck, you and Moeller came up with anything? Not that you haven't got. We staked out on the yard every night since we found it hasn't been a night that passes. Some car hasn't made a delivery of some kind. We got the license numbers of all the cars. They've all been checked out. We know who they are and where to find them. We've had a tail on Swenson every minute.  Soon as one of our men falls in step, he knows it the way he's acted. There isn't a thing we can prove. What's the DA's office saying about it? We had lunch with Alexander yesterday, Skipper. Layed out the evidence we had. Yeah. Told us we tried to take Swenson to court. What we've got, they'd lap us out of town. Well, where does that put you? Well, really, not much further than we were. We know who's behind the ring. We know where they're operating from. The big thing now is to find the plant. Unless we can produce a stolen merchandise in Swenson's possession, we haven't got a case that'll stand up. There are no leaks about the plant? No, not that we can find. Everybody that's been near Swenson's place has been tailed. Twice a week, there's a truck that leaves the yard. There's no way of telling what's in it. And the times we've followed it, we've lost it. Well, how about a bug? Can you get one in a Swenson's office? Well, I don't know how. There's no way of getting them out of there long enough to install one. The night watchman's always on the premises. We're not even sure he's not in on it, too. So where do you stand on it? Well, your guess is as good as ours. Alexander says that without finding the plant, we can't take him to court. Now, we've used every trick in the book to get him to lead us to it, and not one of them's worked. They haven't left a thing open. They're playing it real smart. How many men involved in the operation? Well, we're not sure, but as near as we can figure, 12. That's not counting Swenson or that night watchman. You've been in the business long enough to know it, then. What's that? When there's that many men working, there's got to be a leak someplace. Yeah. Find it. You are listening to Dragnet, the authentic story of your police force in action. At Cigarette Dealers. Inventing machines. At supermarkets and stores, coast to coast. Chesterfields, please. Smokers by the thousands. Yes, smokers by the thousands are now changing to Chesterfield. The only cigarette ever to give you one, proof of low nicotine, highest quality, a matter of record. Two, the only cigarette ever to give you this proven record with smokers. Again and again, over a full year and one half, a group of Chesterfield smokers have been given thorough medical examinations. The doctor's reports are again a matter of record. No adverse effects to the nose, throat and sinuses from smoking Chesterfield. A responsible independent research laboratory supervises this continuing program. Chesterfield, best for me, best for you. For the next week, a close surveillance was kept on Swenson's marine supply yard, but there were no breaks. Kickbacks from George Bracken up at CII in Sacramento and from Washington DC didn't disclose any previous criminal record on the suspect. During that week on Tuesday, July 11th and on Thursday, July 13th, a large steak truck left the yard. The back of the truck was covered with a piece of canvas so that we were unable to see what was in it, but we were reasonably sure that it contained stolen merchandise. In scouting the neighborhood for a possible place to establish a more workable stakeout, we came across an empty office on the second floor of the building directly across the street from Swenson's place of business. Officers equipped with binoculars maintained a constant watch on the activities in the yard. After another week, the events that had been seen were reported to Assistant District Attorney Adolf Alexander and he stated that if we could get pictures of the operation, we might be able to make a case that would stand up in court. Monday, July 17th, we met with Sergeant Putt-off in the crime lab. How far are you going to have to be from the subject, Joe? Well, second floor across the street. Are you going to be able to take all the pictures during the day? Don't think so, Putt-off. Most of the activity runs after night at night. Well, best bet probably infrared, then. We can shoot it with a 4x5. How about light? Are there any sort of telephone pole, traffic signal in front of the place? Yeah. I think so. The way I remember it, there's a phone pole about 10 feet to the left of the gate as you face the yard. Well, we can tie the lights to that, then. Well, any chance they could be spotted? Outside. We can put them up pretty high. Be regular lamp reflectors with heavy infrared filters. If you know they're there and look up, you're going to be able to spot them. Any chance of taking movies? Yeah, we can swing that. Life magazine's been experimenting with a new fast film. Results I've seen with it are pretty amazing. All you need is one street lamp. We can use that. Well, if you have to string the infrared lights, wouldn't it be better to shoot the movies on that kind of film? Well, you'd get something. Film's pretty slow, though. It'd be better to use the stuff life's come up with. All right. How long will it take you to set it up? Well, how careful do we have to be? Well, these guys are pretty cagey. They're getting the idea at all. We're dead. Mm-hmm. Well, we can have a couple of men go out in the morning and outfit them as linemen. They should be able to have the rig ready for you by tomorrow night. We can start shooting pictures then, huh? We should be able to, yeah. All right. Is J. Allen around, you know? Well, I think he's over the court this morning, Joe. Well, then maybe you can help us out there, too. What's that? We're trying to figure some way to tail a truck. We've been trying to find the plant these guys are using for a couple of weeks now, and we just can't get near them. I wonder if J. might have any ideas on that. Probably use fluorescent paint. I don't do it. What's the gimmick there? They tie a can of transparent fluorescent lacquer to the back of the truck. Punch a hole in the can, and all you got to do is follow the drops.  Well, there's a couple of brands on the market. They've got enough viscosity so the paint will stay in the can. Regulate the frequency of the drops by the size of the hole. Can you see it? Not without ultraviolet lamp. Tie one of those to the hood of your car, and you got it made. You got the equipment here to do that? Mm-hmm. Well, would you have J. give us a call when he comes in? Right. He'll know more about it than I do. Be able to give you all a dope. Okay. I'll get right on the other for you. Thanks a lot. Say, how long have you been after this bunch? Well, let's see. We got the assignment on June 13th. I'd make it over a month now. About a time. Well, maybe now we'll have something to show for it. The following morning, Tuesday, July 18th, two men from the crime lab installed three 1,000-watt lamps in front of the marine supply yard. The reflectors were equipped with heavy infrared fillers. Test exposures from our position across the street indicated that whatever pictures we got would be recognizable enough as to be admitted in a court of law. The new fast film was obtained, and 16-millimeter cameras were installed in the window of the office across the street from Swenson's. We talked with Sergeant J. Allen in the crime lab, and he went to work on the use of de fluorescent paint. After experimenting, he was able to come up with a correct size hole in the bottom of the can so that a single drop of the lacquer would fall from the can every 10 seconds. A portable ultraviolet lamp was obtained and was ready for immediate installation on our car. For the next three nights, we sat in our vantage point and we photographed all activity on the suspect's premises. The pictures were shown to Adolf Alexander in the district attorney's office, and he told us that they would play a large part in the prosecution of the case. However, he said that if we could come up with a hiding place of the stolen loot, the conviction would be assured. Tuesday morning, July 25th, 3.15 a.m., Frank and I took the can of fluorescent paint and climbed the fence into the supply yard. Back here. Hi. How's the thing I didn't see? All right, you better hold it a minute. Who's there? The watchman. Yeah. Better get back in the shadows. Yeah, come on, easy. Come on out. I know you're there. Come on out. Who is it? That was close. Yeah. All right, let's go. The truck should be back in the shed. All right. There's the can. You want to hang it? I'll keep an eye on it. All right. Put up this handle. This doesn't work at all. Wait a minute. There's a sharp edge on this water. Okay, here it is. We still clear there? Yeah. How about that watchman? How about the stopper in the can? I got it in place. The first bump should knock it out. I hope so. It's got to work. All right, now let's try to get out of here. See if you can kick something else, will you, on the way? Tuesday night at 11.35 p.m., the steak truck pulled out of Swenson's marine supply yard. Sergeant Bob Beck, Frank and I were parked in an alley just down the street. We let the truck get a good 20 minutes start on us, and then the ultraviolet lamp was attached to the hood of our car. Frank started the motor and we pulled out into the street. Is there anything here? No. Maybe the lacquer dried up around the cork held it in place. That's a happy thought. Here's the corner. Which way? Wait a minute. Let's take a chance straight ahead, huh? All right. There's nothing up this way. You better double back. Okay. Let's try to the left this time. How about it? See anything here?  Yeah. Yeah, there it is. Yeah. Look at that stuff. It's really lit up. For the next 35 minutes, we followed the trail left by the fluorescent paint. From time to time, we'd lose the trail, but we'd always pick it up again. The truck followed the main highway from San Pedro to Santa Monica, and then turned left up Santa Monica Canyon. The trail wound around towards Sunset Boulevard and turned to the left. About one mile from the beach, the drops indicated that the truck had left the main street and turned onto a private dirt road.  We turned off the car lights and went up to the place. The blinds on the windows were drawn, but there were lights on in a front room. Sergeant Beck covered the rear of the building, and Frank and I went up to the front door. Police officers, you're under arrest. For what? Is there anybody else here in the building? What are you arresting me for? You want to check with Beck, Frank? Right. What are you doing coming in here like this? You got no right coming around kicking doors in. All right, save it, Swenson. How do you know my name? We've been watching you for a month now. Is there anybody else in this house? No. You own this place? I'm not answering anything until I see a lawyer. All right, you call it any way you want. We can find out. You think I'm a lawyer? You do that, Swenson. What's a charge? Burglary. You think you can make it stick? We're going to try, Mr. Where's your evidence? You've got to have evidence. We got it. There's nobody else here, Joe. Backroom's full of stuff. Radios, heaters, tires, all here. So what? You can't put me away for that. All right, let's go, Swenson. Just a minute. Will you listen to me a minute? All right. You got this all wrong. You're making a big mistake here. I intend to pay for every bit of that stuff back there. I'm going to pay for it. Yeah, that's right. You will. The story you have just heard is true. The names were changed to protect the innocent. On December 12th, trial was held in Department 97, Superior Court of the State of California, in and for the county of Los Angeles. In a moment, the results of that trial. Now, here is our star, Jack Webb. Thank you, George Fenerman.  Whenever or wherever you hear it, we hope it'll remind you to try our Chester Fields. To join the thousands who are changing to Chester Fields and getting the one cigarette that's low in nicotine, highest in quality. Chester Field, best for me, best for you. All other members of the gang were taken into custody and were brought to trial. Harry Ralph Swenson, along with his accomplices, was tried and convicted of 14 counts of burglary in the second degree, and received sentence as prescribed by law. Burglary in the second degree is punishable by imprisonment in the state penitentiary for a period of not less than one, nor more than 15 years. If you had only one book, the Bible, do you know that you would have within its covers the finest examples of literature, both in prose and poetry? You'd have stories which have never been equal to adventure, love, history, and prophecy. So read your Bible every day during National Bible Week. You have just heard drag net, a series of authentic cases from official files. Technical advice comes from the Office of Chief of Police, W.H. Parker, Los Angeles Police Department. Technical Advisors, Captain Jack Donahoe, Sergeant Marty Winn, Sergeant Van Spracher. Heard tonight were Ben Alexander, Vic Perrin, Jack Krushen. Script by John Robinson. Music by Walter Schumann. Hal Gibney speaking. Watch an entirely new drag net case history each week on your local NBC television station. Please check your newspapers for the day and time. Chesterfield has brought you drag net transcribed from Los Angeles. Have you tried new cork tip Fatima? It's the smooth smoke. With Fatima tips of perfect cork, king size for longer filtering, and Fatima quality for a much better flavor and aroma. Fatima is made and guaranteed by Ligard and Myers Tobacco Company. Try Fatima today. Here, Frank Sinatra as Rocky Fortune tonight on the NBC Radio Network.


The study evaluates the effectiveness of using satellite-derived soil moisture estimates to improve flood estimation in the Upper Tiber River Basin, in central Italy. The advanced SC8 Arometer, ASCOT, sensor on board the METOP satellite was used to derive the Soil Wetness Index, SWI. The SWI was compared with modeled data from a continuous rainfall runoff model, MISDC, and then assimilated into the model using a simple data assimilation technique. Three synthetic experiments were conducted to investigate the potential of the SWI when uncertain conditions occur. Results show that the SWI can improve runoff prediction in the study area, particularly when initial soil wetness conditions are unknown. This article was authored by El Braca, F Maloney, T Moremarco, and others.


My name is Shelly Euler. I'm the staff mount maker at the National Museum of the American Indian at the Smithsonian and The thing the idea that I love about The collections care network is the idea of bringing together These different but complementary disciplines of mountain making and conservation Kind of the way that we do During an exhibit during the creation of an exhibit only this would be an online tool the way that I'm seeing it for example when We had a mountain making forum at the Smithsonian in 2010 and there was this wonderful Conversation that happened this wonderful exchange of ideas that happened when There was a mount maker who brought up some questions about Materials and there were conservators in the audience in this great conversation ensued and We realized in that situation that not everybody has access to a conservator or Conservators not the sale of access to skilled mount makers to come together and solve the problems that we need to solve So it seems like the CCN would be a great Offer a great possibility for solving some of those Kinds of issues and bringing people together I think it would be a great place for people to come for information on materials on appropriate materials on Approved materials when we have that information for mountain making and other exhibit related things on testing information on Even things like problem-solving you know if there was some kind of blog Element to the to the network where people could put their successful or less successful solutions to to mount making issues that they've had Standards people could could share the standards that they work with and Then other mount makers could look to see what they need to live up to and what you know There could also be trainings Although I think for mountain making the best trainings are hands-on. There's also ways to share use of materials Object handling you know to demonstrate ways that things could be done there could be mannequin techniques shared Aspects or introduction to mount design there you know there could be different kinds of trainings that could be shared Mount notes yes, you know teaching people how to Document the amounts that they do have and and share that information because there's quite an art to that as well