So, the foreign terrorist suspects who have been detained in Belmarsh prison won their case, right? Well, yes and no. They certainly got the court to agree with their view that the legislation which allowed indefinite detention without charge or trial was incompatible with their human rights. It was always clear that such detention briefed the right to liberty, which is why the government argued that that right had been lawfully suspended via the get-out clause in Article 15 of the European Convention. But as we've seen, one of the conditions in Article 15 was held not to have been satisfied. That meant that the right to liberty had not been suspended, and that in turn meant that the Anti-Terrorism Act was incompatible with that still effective right. So why the hesitation of a saying that the detainees won their case? The detainees won a moral victory that caused a greed that their human rights were being breached, but they didn't walk free from prison, at least not right away. Why? Because the detention of the suspects was provided for in an act of Parliament, and Parliament is sovereign. That means that there is no legal limit on the laws it can make. It has the legal authority to enact whatever laws it wishes. And if that's true, it follows that no one, including the courts, can overrule a law made by Parliament. Here then we encounter one of the most unusual features of the British constitution. Most countries have a written constitution. Written constitutions normally set out and limit the authority of the legislature or Parliament. And if the legislature makes laws beyond its authority, for example, laws that breach human rights protected by the constitution, then the courts can strike down or refuse to apply such laws. But in the UK we do not have that kind of constitution. There is no constitutional text that sets out and limits Parliament's authority. Instead, we regard Parliament as having the ultimate authority to make whatever laws it wishes. And because the British system works in that way, it was constitutionally impossible for the court in the Belmarsh case to overrule the act of Parliament providing the detention of the terror suspects, even though the act was found to be in breach of the fundamental right to liberty. It might seem, therefore, that there was no point to this case. Why bother going to court if the court cannot do anything to help you? In fact, the court could do something, even though it couldn't refuse to apply the law. The Human Rights Act tells court that they have to do all that is possible to interpret laws compatibly with fundamental rights contained in the European Convention. But if, as in this case, the law is irreconcilable with a given right, the Human Rights Act says that courts can issue a declaration of incompatibility. In one sense, the effect of this is limited or even non-existent. The Act very clearly says that a declaration of incompatibility does not invalidate or override the legislation to which it applies. So, when the court issued a declaration in the Belmarsh case, the Anti-Terrorism Act remained in force, and the foreign suspects remained imprisoned under us. But, in another sense, declarations of incompatibility are far more potent than they might seem at first. They send a clear and powerful signal to government, to parliament and to the public generally that UK law fails to adhere to the basic human rights standards that countries across Europe have agreed to be bound by. And that's important for two reasons. In the first place, it may well put great political pressure on the government and on parliament to amend the law, so as to fall into line with those human rights standards. And second, if that doesn't happen, there's always the option of taking the case to the European Court of Human Rights in Strasbourg. If that court finds a breach of the Convention, then the UK is obliged to accept its judgement, and it's obliged to change British law so that it conforms to the requirements of the Convention. That's the case because the UK has bound itself in international law by signing the European Convention, a treaty or agreement between nations, to respect the rights set out in the Convention. What this means then is that a weak-sounding declaration of incompatibility by a British Court is a signpost pointing towards something different altogether. If parliament does not accept the UK Court's invitation to change the law, then it's likely, some way down the line, to be required to do so by the European Court. And so, anticipating exactly that, parliament did change the law. Part four of the Enter Terrorism Act was repealed, and it was replaced with the Prevention of Terrorism Act 2005. It provided for control orders to be imposed on all terrorist suspects, British and foreign. It raised human rights concerns of its own, but that's something for another day. For now, the point is that parliamentary sovereignty and the apparent weakness of declarations of incompatibility, notwithstanding, the right to the Belmarsh detainees ultimately prevailed. One of the things that interests me about public law is the way in which it lies at the intersection of both law and politics and national and international law. And the Belmarsh case and its aftermath can only be understood in that way. The detainees did not win a straightforward legal victory. As we've seen, they left court empty-handed, except for an apparently toothless declaration. Instead, their victory was partly won in the political arena. When the Supreme Court today, or the House of Lords as it was then, rules that UK law is incompatible with fundamental human rights, the effect is often to galvanise political debate. That was certainly true in the Belmarsh case, as the judgement heaped political pressure on politicians to change the law. But the potency of ad-actoration of incompatibility is also attributable, as I've explained, to the fact that it anticipates the possibility of a judgement by the European Court of Human Rights that would bind Britain in international law. In that way, the Human Rights Act operates as a bridge that means the UK is not a legal island. The UK's parliament might be sovereign, but the UK as a nation stays has chosen to play its part in the community of nations, including by signing up to international human rights standards. These are the sort of big picture questions that public law grapples with. But as the Belmarsh case shows, the big picture can have real and profound implications for the lives of individual people.


Welcome folks, we have to now finish up 320 NASDAQ up 63, S&Ps up 26. That's after the NASDAQ as well as the S&P folks who are in some good negative numbers. Gold, gold contract down $3.50 straight to $21.82, now gold is in an ABC structure up to $25.50, silver, silver down $0.16, $25.10 an ounce, light sweet crude up $0.76, $83.48 a barrel, notes and bonds, 10 year note up 10 ticks, $1104 the 30 year up 16, $118.22 and then King dollar, King dollars up $241 ticks, $103.820, we get over to the S&P, actually all the indices and what you're going to see here, you get a rejection of lower price, you have light of volume, that says guess what, we're going after the highs tomorrow. You get the Fed meeting and this could really just blow away these highs too, it might be a spike high, meaning you go up, maybe you give it up, but if it's going to be a spike high, the high in the S&P is one that's $5.18, a spike high would mean it goes like a $5.25 or something, then gives it up on price. Now that's what we did the last time that we were high inside of the cues. So the cues have a high volume high that wants to be tested and this is when the cues on the 4th of March, we get all the way up to $4.48 and then closed at $4.38. So my take is that we're going to go up there tomorrow, my take is that we're going after it. And you're at $4.38 right now, if you go to $4.48, that's $10, man. So hold on for the ride, we'll see where this baby is going, but that's my take on it. And if we go over to the dollar, in order for that to happen too, the dollar's going to have to give it up. What we had out here today is that the dollar hit $104.059, but the dollar is in its higher trading range once again. So this came right back to where it broke down from and it's above it right now by, it's only above it by 200 ticks, but 200 ticks at this area is a lot because of the way that all as we did from the low to the high is, well we almost did a .618, okay, that's close. Have a great one folks, have a safe one, come back and visit Tom in the morning, kicks us off at 9 a.m., great show folks.


So let's look into fan companies category and for some companies, for example, Google partner manager internship, they already gave out offers and Microsoft partner manager internship, they already gave out offers as well. So those positions are filled in fall 2023 already. So therefore I want you guys to focus on other fan companies, if you want to go to fan companies such as Amazon. So Amazon partner manager internship is still available and they give out internships throughout the entire year and all the way before you start your summer internship. For example, last year, I was going to receive the Amazon partner manager internship in February and when he networked with partner managers within Amazon, the opportunities wasn't available. But once they opened up the opportunity, he's the first person to get in or land the internship. So therefore look into Amazon as a company because they're more dynamic. This is Dr. Nesity from PM Accelerator, like and follow for more tips.


Welcome. This is Melissa. I remember the stocks was reviewing the spy here. So I'm taking a look at the market.  To me when I look at this I say we're in a range. The range had widened but it's still a range nonetheless and so until we just until we to be honest with you until we break over the high I you know we're in this range the weight range is going like this like here's the range like first it was like this and then it peaked a little bit above it it could peak to a little bit of above it today this this doesn't this doesn't count this is still in the range okay market is having a hard time breaking out here in the spy there are some things that are dragging this down one of the things are the financials and although people are in here along with all the markets very strong and I know the QQ's made new highs the fact is that the spy could present a problem here and again I'm looking at the sector of the financials to be the real problem with it the spy could present a problem here about getting over the high where it's August okay we got five more months left to the end of the year there's less than August September October we have three more months left to the election that's hard to believe it's actually crazy doesn't even feel like an election here the way things are but anything can happen anything can happen between now an election period and certainly between now and the end of the year all the big earnings are out already that would affect this market and if this market was gonna blow over the highs I would have thought it would have done it on something like a big blowout earnings which could have happened in a conjunction like Amazon and Apple together or whatever and you didn't have it in Amazon you did have it in Apple and even though it moved the Q's higher this spy has been lagging but you can't deny the strength in the market if you've been short you've been losing here unless you did selective days to me this is still in a range and I can't wait to see where it goes but I will be watching it I've been reading the market very well this year I do read the market very well it's tricky it's tricky I don't get it right all the time but I get it right a lot more than I get it wrong and I get it right more than anybody quite frankly that I know and the reason is because I read gaps I read the bearish caps in the market I read the bullish caps in the market just like here today and we are very much driven by news right now in this market not so much by the economy hard to believe I know considering the unemployment rate and everything else and all the businesses shut down we've been more news driven than economic driven and anything else that doesn't really make a lot of sense for people to follow fundamentals but you've got to respect the price and you got to respect the numbers and the market isn't an uptrend and that's just a fact if you'd like more information and want to learn how to read the market and how to regaps email me and Melissa the stock switch calm the next class for this earning season is August 8th and 9th and you can still sign up the deadline is Friday thanks everyone and stay safe


On behalf of UN Women, I would like to express our regret that it was not possible for us to join Dr. Toure and all of you today to personally congratulate the winners and finalists of the inaugural ITU and UN Women GEMTAC awards. The use of ICTs for gender equality and women's empowerment and the participation of women in the ICT sector are very important and growing priorities for us as UN Women. As our Executive Director has said, ICTs can be a real game changer for women. We are seeing their potential across in all our areas of work and we are also looking to better integrate gender and ICT issues into our work on women's rights and on normative frameworks in national planning and in all of our partnerships. Engaging with ICTs is a critical 21st century issue for gender equality, women's rights and women's empowerment. And in this context, we are very pleased to note that the draft proposal by the Open Working Group on Sustainable Development Goals, the STGs, has highlighted ICTs as a critical enabler under the gender equality goal. And of course, ICTs are also a key focus area of the 20-year review and commemoration of the Beijing platform for action in 2015, which UN Women is leading. We very much hope that as these very important processes come to fruition next year, we will see not only a much stronger mandate for but also much greater priority and investment in gender and ICTs in the coming years. This as we know is critical as we continue to see very significant inequalities in access to and use of ICTs between women and men, as well as many, many missed opportunities to really capitalize on ICTs to support the promotion and realization of gender equality, women's rights, women's empowerment. We hope that a new post-2015 development agenda will give us greater impetus to achieve real transformation in gender inequality and on addressing unequal power relations between women and men, including through much more strategic use of and investment in ICTs. With you today are women and men who have demonstrated incredible vision, leadership, ingenuity, and commitment across a wide range of activities and sectors to making ICTs work for women's needs and women's interests. Joining them all, they represent many of the parts of the ICT ecosystem that must come together to make our goals a real reality. The work that we are recognizing and celebrating today will form a very important foundation for accelerated and expanded efforts going forward. In closing, I would like to very much thank our partner ITU for their great leadership and their partnership and incredible support for this award. You and women very much look forward to also welcoming the gender and ICT community at the Beijing Plus 20 celebrations on ICT next year and to hearing about the continued progress and achievements of all of our fantastic finalists and winners and to recognizing and very importantly celebrating the inspiring and important work of all those striving to ensure that ICTs contribute to achieving gender equality and women's empowerment worldwide. Thank you very much.


The engineering program at CCU is intended to integrate faith, applied science, applied mathematics to solve problems, to optimize systems. We hope to take these concepts that we learn in things like calculus or linear algebra or physics and chemistry and we hope to apply those in a Christ-centered way that we can really make an impact for God's kingdom. This past summer I worked at Lockheed Martin as an intern on mechanisms and pyrotechnics for one of their space projects. That was really cool to experience firsthand to see how my classes will apply in the future to different industries like space. We do engineering, but we do it with a Christian worldview. We do it with a biblical worldview. That's one of the things that we're really going to strive to do here. We're going to strive to take what seem like applied math concepts in kind of just in a vacuum and we're going to say, no, these don't exist in a vacuum. Let's look at the way you analyze data, how that impacts people and how that impacts human values and how that potentially impacts the products that you make in terms of things like justice, in terms of things like equity, in terms of things like privacy. How do we do that but from a biblical foundation? We intentionally tie in the Bible. I think Colorado Christian University is really helping me to advance my learning and prepare me for what it looks like to be a steward and use my skills to advance God's kingdom in a cool way by using math and science.


Boom! On alert! All you trainers watching this, I hope you're doing a good job because in today's episode we talk about the red flags that show people you're a bad trainer. There's nine of them. Now here's what we're going to give away in today's episode, Maps Prime Pro. Why? Because it's a valuable tool to correct muscle imbalances, get you to move better. And for trainers, this program will make you a great trainer. Here's how you can win free access to Maps Prime Pro. Leave a comment below in the first 24 hours that we drop this episode and tell us a story about a trainer, good or bad. So tell us a sign that you had a good trainer, or when you knew it was time to find someone else. Also subscribe to this channel, turn on notifications, and if we pick your comment you get free access to Maps Prime Pro. One more thing, two of our best strength building programs are on sale right now, so Maps Strong and Maps Power Lift, both 50% off. Go check those out. Head over to mapsfitnessproducts.com. Just don't forget to use the code August Special with no space for that discount. All right, here comes the show. You know, before we get into this, I do want to say this, being a trainer, especially if you're a trainer for a long time, it's a very commendable but also very challenging career and job. It's a lot harder than I think people realize because of the different personalities that you deal with, how challenging it is to get people to actually change their lifestyle to become healthy and fit long term. And it's also, it's also one of those jobs where, you know, if you train eight clients in a day, which most jobs, eight hours is a full day, you're on for all eight hours. I don't know almost any other job I can think of where for the whole time you're on, and you don't get any opportunities to be off where you're, you know, kind of dilly-dallying a little bit.   Oh yeah. That don't know. He just layered it right now. Yeah, so for all you trainers that are listening right now, you just got served your first loaf of your first slice of gig. It's true though, right? Wouldn't you guys agree though, what I'm saying is as far as it being true, I mean, it's one of those things. Now, the other part is this, all the stuff that we're going to go through, all of us will probably guilty of at one point or another, especially as early trainers. So probably more so Justin than Justin. Hey, man. Yeah. There were 50 for Justin. But here's the first one. And this one's an obvious one. And I can't believe how many times I would see trainers fail to do an assessment anytime they're going to work with a new client or a potential new client. This one's, does it make sense to me? You know, how can you possibly train someone without first assessing their movement and their body without first determining what exercises are safe for them? Which ones are not safe for them? You know, how to train them? I've seen trainers do this, right? Well, they'll get a new client and they go right into the workout without ever really, it's like without looking under the hood and not knowing what the problem is. Yeah. Oh, let's work out. No problem. Here's some exercises. Let's do it. You think it's lazy? I think it's lazy. You think it's lazy? I think it's lazy, yeah. Or do you think it's more like some of the other points that we're going to get to here in a minute where it's putting more emphasis on the workout and just getting to the, because sometimes I feel like I think they're not putting enough value on it personally. And so they think that they're going to win their client over with these elaborate workouts in the razzle dazzle side of training. That's, I feel like it's more of that, right? Because I feel like every, every trainer that I coached, once I taught them the value of the assessment and how to do it to a client, I think once they make that connection, I don't know too many that they get away from doing it. It becomes the staple or the foundation of your training program as it should. But it seemed to be more of these trainers that wanted to get right into the workout and let me show you how hard of a workout I can give you versus assessing you and kind of seeing where your starting point is and what we should or shouldn't be doing. Yeah, they should ask a lot of questions, especially when you first get started with them. They should do a movement assessment just to give them an idea of where to start and what direction to move. And by the way, assessments never stop. You know, is your training clients, you're constantly assessing them by watching their form and how they move and their energy. This is all, you know, super important stuff. I'll give you an example. This is a silly example, but this has happened to me more than once where I had this one lady who came to hire me and I had asked her before we got started. I said, you know, have you talked to any of the trainers or worked with anybody else before? And she said, yeah, actually I was at the local gym and I interviewed a trainer and I decided to not hire them. And I said, well, how come? Now, this woman I had known because I had actually asked questions. Her goal was to improve her bone density. She wanted to strengthen her bone. She had osteopenia, older woman. And her doctor said, listen, we need to figure something out because you're getting close to osteoporosis. Now, what the trainer didn't do is ask any of those questions. And at the end of their, you know, meeting, the trainer said something like, don't worry, at the end of the summer, I'll have you in a bikini in no time. Yeah. So she like said, I left right then and there. And then I came, you know, one of my friends recommended you and this is very different. So an assessment is integral. If a trainer doesn't do a good assessment, then they, they have no idea what they're doing. It's essential, man. To me, honestly, this is where we get a bad rap.  Like it's like some kind of in between job. It's not a real profession. It's because there's a lot of trainers that don't take it seriously. They don't do these things that are quintessential in really evaluating the needs of the client and how to properly basically like create an entire program around what's going to get them to their goal of the most effective way. Right. And along those lines, the next one is zero focus on correctional exercise. Correctional exercise looks very different than exercises designed to just build a lot of muscle or make you burn a lot of calories. They tend to be slower, very deliberate. They're very specific to you as an individual. It's like what you might see a physical therapist do, for example, with people. And this should be, especially in the beginning parts of your training with a trainer, there should be a lot of the focus of your training. In fact, when clients would hire me, especially when they're new, almost the entire workouts were focused around correctional exercise. Yeah. I think part of this has to do with just the lack of education. So I think it was my third or fourth national cert was the corrective exercise specialist. And I do remember of all the certifications that I went through in my career as a trainer, that one probably impacted the way I train clients, maybe more than any other certification that I did. Maybe that and maybe the very first one I did just giving me my foundation, foundational training principles, learning how to assess somebody and look and find an imbalance and then know how to correct that applies to all levels of fitness. And every, and you find out once you go through a certification like that and you learn to assess everybody, you start to see like, oh, wow, I don't care if they're 20 years old and young and fit or they're 70 advanced age and aches and chronic pain, everybody has imbalances and everybody has correctional exercise that should be included in their routine. And so once I piece that together, I then began to kind of build everything around them. But up into that point, I probably fell in the category of being relatively poor trainer as far as putting a lot of emphasis just on the how much I could make a client sweat or how creative I can make a workout versus actually trying to fix imbalances in their body. Totally. And you know what the irony of it is is that correctional exercise done properly as a trainer will actually make you so valuable to your clients. Yeah. In fact, everything that we're talking, we're going to talk about today, if you do the opposite of them or do the positive of them, it'll make you much more successful as a trainer, not just with your clients getting goals, but a successful business-wise. And I think sometimes trainers think correctional exercise is boring or, well, my client just wants to burn calories and lose weight. Why would I waste time doing prone cobra? Why would I waste time doing handcuffs with rotation? Why would I waste time doing combat stretch? We need to be doing jump boxes and you know, going through circuits. Like let me tell you something, correctional exercise is a tremendous selling point because when you do them on people, they feel great immediately. And there's almost nothing that'll do that like correctional exercise. Yeah. To that point, I mean, what I found in my career as I was going through were addressing clients' pain and being able to do corrective exercises really helped to help them feel better and keep them coming back and be more consistent. So you have a more consistent, more dedicated client. And that just keeps paying the bills. And you find out later that really what the client wants is what they don't understand they need. And that's something that that's where your real value lies. And so to be able to address pain and foresee problems in the future and how to address them ahead of time is, you know, sets you apart from everybody else. That's the real point, Justin, because I remember clients not realizing that it was something they needed to address. In other words, like I'd get a client and many times the chronic pain that they were going through, they had just accepted.   But many times they didn't realize that, oh, that chronic knee pain or elbow pain or low back pain was something that we could actually fix. They just assume that, oh, because they're 50 something years old and they've been dealing with low back pain for 20 of those 50 years that they are just going to have it forever. So it's not even on their list of goals a lot of times. And it's not until I did an assessment, see a major imbalance, which was probably alluding to their chronic pain and then could tell them that, hey, this is something that we can work on and maybe even get rid of completely for you. And then when you show them that, that you talk about building the value for business for you. I mean, even when that's not their main goal, a lot of times it's just because they didn't realize that it was can be done.   It's more than almost anything else that I can think about. 100%. Yeah. Here's another one. And this one is a, it's a great gauge. And I think a lot of people don't realize that you should not feel worse after your workout than you went into. I think a lot of people think you're supposed to feel worse. You should not, after you're done with your training session with your trainer, you should not feel like you survived. I think a lot of people think that that's a good feeling. Like, oh man. And you'll hear them talk like this to their friends.  And I barely made it out. Like I got to the car. My legs were shaking. I had to lay on the couch for a couple hours. Wow. That was really good. Like not realizing that's a bad sign. You should feel, you should, after your workout, you should feel better than you did when you first went in. Now, is there a time and a place for the kind of workouts that you have to survive? Yeah. Sometimes rarely, I think really to kind of train your, maybe your tolerance, maybe train the mental aspect, but when it comes to your physical body, when it comes to burning body fat, building muscle, especially when you're thinking longterm. No, that's not true at all.  You're, I used to have clients. This is when, when I, when I really started to turn a corner as a trainer, I would have clients that would call me and they'd say things like, Hey, Sal, I know today I don't have a session with you, but my back's a little tight. Do you have any time today? I'd love to train with you because they felt better after working out with me. I mean, that is so tremendously valid. You should not feel worse after your workout. You should feel much better.  Totally. I mean, I think that's where this comes from, right? This idea, I've been bad. I've been eating bad. I'm a bad person. I don't exercise. I eat like a slob when nobody's paying attention. Absolutely. And then now I have this trainer who's going to punish, help me punish myself with me in the shape. Yeah.  Yeah. And it's so good for them. But they, and it's sad though, because they don't really know the difference. So they don't know that they can feel great and energized and come back with more strength and really, you know, the joints feel, you know, most mobile and everything's working and great instead of feeling like you've just been trashed. So you don't have to get to that level. Well, that's, and this is where I fault the trainer here. So as the client, I don't think they know better. I think they, again, there's this psychological phenomenon that's happening where they think they need to punish themselves. Then this is the sign of a bad trainer because the bad trainer reinforces that.   Because they, they, because it is fun. It's fun to talk trash and, and, you know, get after it. But you always have to ask yourself, are you progressing or are you just surviving? Well, and a good trainer sees this and then knows how to communicate to the client that this is not what we're looking for. We're not, we don't want to get into this cycle of punishing yourself for not, for not doing well. And there's a much better process. But yeah, so there's your, there's another step that you know you're, you've got a trainer that, probably a green trainer, right? I think this happens a lot to trainers when they first start is because the client, you're in a service business, the client tells you they want that, you think you're giving them what they're supposed to, you think that's part of your job because they're paying you, but part of your job is to get them to overcome, overcome. No, this was a big one. I used to teach my trainers because it is part of educating clients as well. By the way, when a client experiences feeling better and good and energized at the end of a workout, they'll love you more. Trust me, at the end of that workout, they're gonna be like, Oh my God, I came in here, my energy was kind of low. You know, I felt a little stiff in my hips and my God, I'm moving so good. I feel so good. I'm so energized. That's it. Like once they experience that, never again are they gonna want to feel beat up. It takes a little bit of that, you know, that education, that punishment that, you know, that, that some people think they, and I've actually seen this in gyms. I've seen clients say, Oh, that trainer, I want that trainer. How come? Well, I see their clients just like sweating and they can't move afterwards. I bet they're super effective. America's toughest trainer. Yeah.  And that's the only way to get in shape. It's actually the wrong way to get in shape. It's a terrible long-term way of doing it. And I promise you hire a trainer that makes you feel like this after your workouts, you're not going to stay very long. I promise you won't last very long doing it that way. Well, you know, if a trainer is stuck in this mindset too, is if that's how they're gauging the success of a workout is the ask, they're asking questions like that, you know, how, how sore were you? Yeah. Did your legs get sore? And then the client says, Oh, no, I wasn't really sore. So we gotta ramp it up. Gotta do more than you gotta do more next time.  So if you have a trainer who is gauging the success of the workout based on the feedback that you give them on how sore you are, then you know that you got one of these trainers that are stuck in this place. Yeah, I actually change. So this is funny. Again, a lot of these I did when I was an early trainer and when I was an early trainer, I did use soreness as a gauge and I would ice clients how sore they were. And if they said, Oh, I was a little sore, I'd ramp up intensity and ramp up volume to get them even more sore in this next workout. Later on, when I really started to get good, I would ask the same question, but it would use it differently. Yeah, how sore did you get after your last workout? Oh, I didn't really get that sore. Perfect. Right. That's great. Or, oh man, I got really sore. Okay, we need to scale it down a little bit. We did too much. So it's okay to use soreness as a gauge, but not in the way that a lot of trainers do. Really, it's you should either not get sore or you should get maybe a little bit sore post workout. You should not have the kind of soreness that where it hurts to touch the muscle or you can't do another workout for a couple of days because you're so damn sore. That means you went too hard or too long or both, right? Yeah, using it as a gauge is fine, but the measuring it as success is where it's wrong. So thinking that soreness is a sign of a successful workout is the opposite of the truth. In fact, when we're that sore, it's actually a sign of overreaching that you need to scale back, not the other direction. And as a trainer early on, I was using it the opposite way. I was using it as, oh, okay, we're not sore enough.  We hit that sweet spot. You're not that sore. I know that I programmed well, and I know you're doing enough volume for your body to see change. And the fact that you work crippling sore afterwards is actually a beautiful sign. Yeah. Now the next one is a big used to be a huge pet peeve for me when I managed gyms in very, very short period of time. My trainers learned that if they showed up late for clients, that was no longer their client. I used to do this. Like I have a client. I'd see that. I said, I hate this. I'd have a person show up to the gym. I see them standing at the desk or on cardio, just doing cardio by themselves. And I'm like, wait a minute, aren't they supposed to meet with John? And it was, you know, five past 10 past no problem. Go find another trainer, walk over to them. Hey, listen, this person is going to train you right now, and we're not going to charge you. This is going to be a free workout. Don't worry about it. And then I would make, and then that trainer, hopefully would impress them. And then boom, other trainer lost the client. If a trainer shows up late to your workouts, if it happens once ever, that's okay. Anything over that, that's a big deal.  That's really hard. The person guiding you needs to show up. They need to be there, and they need to be there early. I used to not, you know, I made it a point to not show up, not even on time. I wanted to be there when my client walked it. As soon as they walked in the door, there I am ready to do this. I feel like this is universal. I think this transcends all professions, doesn't it? The all industry. Yeah. I don't really think this one's unique to a personal training. I think this, this falls more in line with like one of my favorite quotes, and that's how you do anything is how you do everything. And you show up late to a job. You're, you're probably doing a half-ass job at whatever it is you're doing. And so just, it, and it's unprofessional. So I think that this has a little, a little less to do with the, the training profession and more to do with character. And if you are, if you're not giving that person who's paying for that time, that respect to show up on time or early before it starts, the likelihood that you're giving them the respect of giving them their all and everything that you should be doing as a trainer, I think is less likely. You know why I put this one up there though? Because this was quite common where it became a behavior among trainers with their clients that they've had. They take for granted. Like, oh, I've had this client now for a year. Next thing you know, the trainer shows up 10 minutes late. Oh, I know John. I've been training him for a year or whatever. You, I wouldn't see this with my sales people. Like they had an appointment show up to try and, you know, get a tour of the gym, maybe buy a membership sales guy was there right on time, ready to sell them.  Oh, I might get a new client going to be there on time. This used to happen when they would have a client and they kind of took for granted that the client was theirs and it maybe resigned a couple of times. Next thing you know, they'd get kind of lax with it. I mean, I agree. I think it's a, it's a common behavior that you see, but I also think that it falls right in line with the statistics around the success of a trainer. 80% of them suck. 20% of them are really good. Sure. Yeah. Part of the 80% that suck, this, this is one of the characteristics of them is that as soon as they build somewhat of a relationship with the client, they right away think it's okay for them to show up late or tell the client, Hey, when you first get to your training session, just go get on the warmup equipment, go, go warm up for 10 minutes and then I'll come get you. That's, that's what I want to do address. Okay. The warmup thing. So something I did, because I didn't notice that was a pattern with a lot of trainers.  So I just cut that out and then we just focused on priming right on the dot. And then we just moved into the workout. But I see that all the time is, you know, sort of taking advantage of the fact that they're already there, they're on the cardio equipment.  And so to kind of eliminate, I think is a good move. Yeah. I think this, this same trainer, back to what I was saying, this is a characteristic. I think this, this same trainer is the same one who's not paying attention when this client is being trained also. I think this is the trainer who's leaning on the machine, sipping on their Starbucks coffee or nowadays because cell phone on their phone, Instagramming. Yeah. Doing stuff like that while their client is training. So I feel like these, this, this trait goes hand in hand. You're, you, you don't see it as the, to be professional to show up on time. You're also the same trainer who is either dress floppy or drinking your coffee and on your phone at the same time you're training. Yeah. While you're working out, because one of the most valuable things that your trainer will provide you, there's a lot of things that a good trainer will provide you. But one of the most valuable things is that they can see movement patterns. They can see intricacies and changes in how you move when you're doing an exercise. They should be able to really help you perfect your technique in form or change directions or change exercises. And this has to be something that they're paying attention to the entire time because I could have a client do a bench press and the first five reps could be totally perfect, but it could be the sixth or seventh one where I see a change in elbow position or I notice that your shoulders hiking a little bit or we're losing stability at the bottom of the, of the lift. So let's try these other exercises. If the trainer's not watching your form, like what I would look for in my trainers was when a client was doing an exercise that the trainer would walk around the client constantly as the client was doing the exercise. Checking from the front, from the side, from the back, never standing still. I used to tell trainers this too that, you know, when you, when you're training a client, you're, you're kind of on stage for other potential clients. Oh, totally. Because they say the average client shops a trainer for three months before they make a purchase. And so when I'm over in the weight room floor and I'm watching Suzy do a dumbbell lunge and she's my client, I'm, I'm also aware that the 30 people that are on the treadmills are watching what I'm doing. And so even if I can assess pretty well from one position, I'm aware of the other people that are paying attention to me and I want them to know what I'm doing. I'm not just, you know, kind of assessing, I'm assessing this person. And so I'm constantly moving and kneeling and looking from all different angles, not just for my client who's in front of me, but also because I'm aware that I'm probably being shot by somebody who potentially might want to hire me. And I want them to know that I'm paying attention. And it's clear you're giving them your undivided attention by always being active with them and moving with them. And, you know, I think that's a vital part of it. It's like, you need to consider that this is also a critique I have with group training and partner training, which I was very hesitant to do.  But this was always a very hard thing to be able to keep the purity and the integrity of what, you know, the client's actually paying you for. And that's your attention. And to be able to point out all those little nuances that's going out their body, you know, to stay on top of it. So, you know, that's a tough thing. But, you know, some trainers can pull it off. But, you know, you're going to compromise that on some level every time once you add more people into the mix. Yeah, when I work out in gyms, this one's what I'm really, this is one that I pay attention to a lot. If I see other trainers training their clients, are they watching them the entire time and monitoring their technique and their form and their tempo? Are they making changes to the exercises? I mean, oftentimes when I train a client, I would have an idea of the exercises that we're going to do. But then I would have to take a left turn because I'm noticing Susie is moving in a particular way. And I said, Oh, you know what? Let's stop this. I used to do this all the time. I would stop a set halfway. Let's stop right now. Well, I got five more. No, no, let's stop for a second. I'm going to work on your left ankle. What do you mean? I could see that your left ankle was moving in a way that or what I explained to the client that we would do some mobility and get back into position. This is one of the most valuable things that a trainer can provide.  I have seen this many times where the trainer will literally be like, Okay, you got to do 12 reps. I'm going to go to the bathroom. What do you do? And the client's doing the exercise by themselves. Like why would you hire a trainer in the first place? You know, does it make any sense to me? It's crazy. I've seen that multiple times. They just leave them high and dry to go get a copy or, you know, go check somebody else in at the front desk and I'm like, what are you doing? You got to manage your time wisely. Well, it makes a world of a difference when you are trying to do a technical exercise, say like a squat, which is loaded full of all kinds of different cues. And there's all kinds of potential breakdowns in the movement.  And he's given all these random cues and then also letting them know when they hit it, right? Like how many times have you been with somebody and you, and you have like this, the client is a perfect form. And you know, that's, they hit the perfect. Do that again. That was perfect. Perfect. Just like that. You know, so they, they felt it. They were working on those things. They hit it and you're letting them know that they hit it so they can try and emulate that again. And so you're that, that consistent mirror that's given them that feedback when they, when they don't know exactly what they're looking for or what they should feel. And then when they hit it just right, being able to tell them that, hey, that was perfect right there. Let's do that again. Yeah. Now this next one is a tough one because the clients love this at first. So telling them that, that this particular trait is a trait of a bad trainer. Oftentimes it's hard for them to understand. And that's this, that everything is about motivation. This is the super inspirational boot camp, yell at you, get you hyped, excited all the time, 24 hours a day, we can do this trainer. Now, why is this a bad, why is this a trait of a bad trainer? Because the, the benefit of this is it's impossible to last forever. And if you get sold on this, if this becomes how you stay consistent is by relying on this extreme motivation and excitement, you will eventually stop. You will eventually lose that motivation because it's a state of mind. It's not with you all the time. It's impossible. And if you didn't build any of the other skills like the skill of discipline to carry you when eventually your body gets tired or broken down or you have a week where you're not feeling it, that motivational trainer, you're like, I don't want to go see John. I know he's going to hype me and whatever, but I'm just not feeling it right now. This is a, this is a hard one to address. And mainly because of the point that you brought up that people like it. Of course. And I know anytime I ever talk about this to, to people that are potentially hiring a trainer or talking about somebody they see on social media who's so inspiring is they, they always point out the motivational part. Oh, they're so inspiring. They're so motivational. And, and trying to tell that person that, oh, that's not a good trait of a good trainer is really hard to combat because it's like, it feels good. It feels good.   So I don't think that the motivation part is necessarily bad. It's only bad if the trainer leans heavily on that. This is them. This is all they do. Right. This is, this is what I do well is I motivate, I inspire people really well.   It's okay to say that your trainer is very motivational. Like it's not a bad thing necessarily, but if they lean on that as their main thing to keep you going inside the gym, that's fleeting. And so even if it's working right now for you, eventually that will wear out. Yeah, totally. It's this is every mainstream media trainer is this. Especially right now. Yeah. When you think of the trainers that, that everybody knows, right?  This is what they are. It's all hype, motivation, inspiration, yelling. You can, I remember there's this one trainer at one of the gyms that I used to work out at and I'll, I'll never forget. You could hear him across the gym training his clients. You'd hear him yell two more, three more, you could do it. And I'm like, and I would, and I worked out at this gym for I think over two years. And I, and I would go at the same time because I used to go in the mornings, right? Right before we would do in our podcast. And I noticed this turnover. I would see these clients would last approximately three months. They'd come in consistently for three months and then they're gone. And this is exactly the pattern that I would see with these kinds of trainer. I had a trainer once in my facility when I had my studio who is very much like this. And I actually took her aside and I say, Hey, look, if, if you're, if you're ever interested in really figuring out how to maintain your client base and not have such a high turnover, let me know because I think I have some ideas for you. And she said, Oh yeah, I'm very interested. I said, okay, I said you're the inspiration, motivation thing. It's fun. It's great. But that's, that's what you're leaning so heavily on. And the reason why people aren't sticking with you is because at some point their state of mind is going to change, which is normal. And then they're not going to want to come see you. You're not going to want to get, go to your bootcamp trainer who's going to yell at you to get you all hyped when you're not feeling it. You're like, Oh man, I don't want to see so and so. I just, I can't, I just, I'm just going to ghost them rather than being like, you know what, I'm not feeling it, but I know that when I go see Justin, he's going to, he's going to modify my workout and then I'm going to feel good afterwards.  It, it ebb and flows. And you need a trainer that can also address other things going on with your body at the time too, and be able to, you know, take time out to kind of do more restorative type of a workout and not just hype you up as much as you can, regardless of what signs and signals your body is telling you. Totally. Now this next one I was super guilty of, especially as an early trainer. And that's if your trainer's workouts are always full of new and creative and weird exercises. I know it sounds funny. There's nothing necessarily wrong with how a trainer's guilty of this right? Oh yeah. There's nothing necessarily wrong with creative exercises. Let's just calm the entertainment trainer. Totally. And I did this. I did this when I first started. I thought that in order to be a good trainer, I had to razzle and dazzle my clients every time they came into the gym. So, oh, we already did that exercise. Let's try a different one. Oh, we've already done all those leg exercises. Here's another one. Go backwards on the hack squat. Here's another one, a sissy leg press. Here's another one. I know we've done a back step lunge, but we haven't done a back step lunge with an overhead press. And you need to start with your eyes closed. Yeah. And you just, just every time you work out, it's like a different exercise. And you're not practicing the basics often. This is a big one. Now, here's the thing. With exercise, and this is a problem, when it comes to working out, we don't view working out like a bunch of skills, right? We don't look at exercises like skills to learn, like you do with the sport, right? You go to learn how to play basketball.  Your coach is going to have you do a lot of free throws, a lot of dribbling, a lot of layup. Like you're going to practice the basics over and over to get good at basketball. You're not going to show up and do something different every single time. This is the same thing with strength training or resistance training or with exercise, is you want to practice the most valuable exercises often. These are called the basics, right?  And why do you want to practice them often? Because the better you get at them, which takes years, the better they work for you. The better you get at squats, the better the results get from squats. You can't get good at squats if I squat once a month because every other workout is some weird other exercise. I think this has to do with insecurity as a trainer. Like when you don't feel confident in your knowledge and your ability to get somebody great results and your experience, you lean heavily on just being able to teach them something they don't know. And so what do most trainers have a plethora of? And that is exercise. They've seen enough unique exercises in their time as a trainer or their time inside the gym that, okay, I know I can at least show them something they've never seen before. At least when I think back to why did I do that, I think it was to impress the client. It was to impress- And you've never seen this before? Yeah, you've never seen this exercise before. I can teach it to you. Therefore, I'm bringing some sort of value to you versus I have enough knowledge to get you to your goal and then educate you on why you may or may not have been able to do it yourself. I'm going to lean heavily on showing you creative exercises every time you come in here, so you think that that's where their value is. And they may just not be confident enough to really drill out these compound exercises that are skills in themselves. So to be able to point out every nuance that's happening in their technique, in their form, how to improve that and how to supplement that with other exercises that will help to get them better at these more skillful type exercises that will get them even more progress. That's something that I think a lot of trainers avoid because it's difficult. You have to really educate yourself to be able to get at that level. That's a really good point, Justin. Actually, the more I think about that, not you say that, it's probably a lot of why I stayed away from it too because I wasn't very proficient in the squat or the deadlift and all the nuances and all the break, the common breakdown and then how to fix them and address them. So instead of getting hung up on trying to teach that and all the things there are to teach around that, I would just go, oh, I could teach you this easier to leg press.  That is pretty basic that I could teach, right? So you're probably right. A lot of that was probably fear around being able to really break down these compound lifts that are highly technical. And because I wasn't skilled and proficient in it, I probably avoided it and stuck with just teaching creative exercises, which is probably what's happening with a lot of trainers that you see doing the same thing. Yeah, you know, what's funny is if you look at, if you were to break up my career, you know, between like a first half of my career and the second half of my career and the second half, I was far more successful in terms of long term success for my clients, also monetarily, as a business, I was far more successful towards the back half, right? So compare the two. And here's a funny thing. If I were to list the exercise repertoire that I used for my workouts, the first half, the list would have been five times longer than the list of exercises I used in the back half. I mean, Doug, I met Doug as a client. And when Doug hired me, I mean, we must have done the same exercises a million different times. And we got really good at them. We got really good at squats. We got really good at bench presses and rows and deadlifts. And he got the best results of his life. And he had a lot of experience working out before I remember him saying it was mind blowing.  I know that you think they care, and they might even think they care. But believe me, when they're practicing these basic compound movements, these fundamental movements, and they're finding that, wow, I'm getting better at this exercise. And oh my God, I'm getting stronger and I feel better.  Okay, it looks like your shoulders are rounding. Let's stop the set. Let's do some prone cobras to get your shoulders go back a little bit. Let's try this set of squats again.  So I know there's that belief that I need to razzle and dazzle them. But the reality is they just want to get better. They want to get better. They want to get stronger. And they want to feel better. And one of the best ways to do that is to practice the best exercises often. And then you sprinkle in some of those other movements. And you know where you should get creative is with your correctional exercise, because that's when it starts to get very, very specific with the individual. But otherwise, it's those basics that are the most important ones. All right, this last one, I know it's going to probably annoy a lot of gym owners that are going to hear this episode, because I know a lot of gym owners are telling their trainers that this is what they need to do. But this is definitely a red flag. And that is if your trainer oversells supplements. Here's a hallmark of that, right?   But here's a hallmark, right? All right, John, here's your meal plan. And then in your meal plan is included five different supplements. You know what I mean?   And then make sure 30 minutes after your breakfast, you take this special product right here. This is good for inflammation. Oh, and then here's your pre-workout. Make sure you take that in the workout. You have your intro workout shake. And then here's your post-work. And they end up selling you $500 a month worth of supplements. Don't forget your multivitamins. Yes, I was guilty of this totally. I mean, when I first became a trainer. Oh, they geared our pay this way. Oh, yeah. I mean, that was, I'm just as guilty too.  In fact, our first certification that we went through, when you went through the, if you were, if you've been in 24 as far back as we were, when they had the APEC certification, part of the certification process was teaching, teaching you how to recommend supplements. And that's exactly how you would do it is, it would actually be part of the diet, which is the complete opposite of how I talk to people. Now, our goal is not to have to take any supplements. I mean, do supplements have some value? Of course they do.  But that's not the goal. The goal is to not, the goal is to not have to take any of that stuff and to try and get it through whole foods. And if and only if we can't do that, do we lean on something like supplementation? And so I think how the trainer presents it to you is what's really important. It's not so much that supplements are bad or because your trainer recommended a supplement that maybe they're a bad trainer, but how they recommend it is everything. And if they're telling you that, hey, our goal is to get it through whole foods, but if you're still having a hard time, here try this, or we can do this. And they have you a supplement versus, like you said, sell building it into the nutrition plan. That's when you know they're overselling it. Yeah, you know, it's funny about this is that because I know some trainers listening are like, man, but how do I, I have, I have a quota. I have to hit my, my supplement sales target and all that stuff. I'm going to tell you something right now. The supplements will sell themselves. Clients love taking supplements and they're going to ask you, what can I take to help with this? Or what can I take to help with that? And then always be honest, always be honest. I used to always, I would tell my clients, like, here's the deal. Supplements are going to give you maybe a little bit, maybe not much at all. It's better if you get it from food. But if you have trouble hitting your protein targets, here's a good product. I like this one the best because, you know, blah, blah, blah, blah, for whatever reason, it's natural, doesn't have artificial sweeteners. It's got a good amino acid blend or hey, Sal, what can I take before my workout to give me energy? Well, the best thing you could do is get a good night's sleep. So if you have to rely on something to give you energy, then there's probably something else going on. Now that being said, if you like to have fun with stimulants before you work out like I do, you could try coffee or here's this other product that's got a couple of other things you can give this as well. And the supplements will actually sell themselves. But it's the trainer that oversells the supplements. This is going to make you big. This is going to make you lean. Here's your supplement stack and they give you 15 different things to take. That's a, that's kind of a big red flag that you need to pay attention to. Look, with that, if you found our information valuable, then you got to head over to mindpumpfree.com. We have tons of guides there that can help you build muscle, burn body fat, improve your performance, even become a better personal trainer. Mindpumpfree.com. You can also find all of us on Instagram. So you can find Justin at Mindpump, Justin, me at Mindpump Salon, Adam at Mindpump, Adam


What's good, George Boar Ross back again with another video. So we're gonna check out 10 WWE wrestlers who received death threats recently I want to say Alexa Bliss received some death threats from a deranged fan or deranged individual and Sometimes these fans or these people they just they take it too far and they go to the extreme and it'd be like yo Like chill out. You know, I'm saying like it's what are you doing? Like stop stop that You know, so we're gonna check that out. Please.  We're trying to send death threats. It's not cool It's not necessary to get to this video in the past. It was rather common for villainous WWE superstars Back then it makes this was back then Yeah, it was it wrestling was perceived as real back then so a lot of times people really was like a You know saying this guy is really an evil person. Let's get rid of them Mainly because fans if you can call them that believe that these individuals were actually pure evil in real life Yeah, and consequently they wish death upon them They would assume that due to WWE being a PG presentation and most wrestlers breaking character in outside interviews that these threats would have stopped No, you would be wrong I remember how popularity of social media and the ability to hide behind an anonymous profile This is unfortunately led to an influx of death threats towards WWE superstars Well, which ones were they or join us now as WrestleMania looks at 10 WWE superstars who receive death threats Yeah, man It's still a real thing.   That's the same kind of thing with me It'd be funny if at the airport all the guys hanging there for autographs were like open your Twitter Let me see if you're blocked or not to decide if you can get an autograph. It's funny It's the cool thing to do now in life. People just want to drag people down It makes them feel good But my whole career has been that way with social media, but now it's 10 times the way the world is you got to have thick skin, man Big facts number nine the D'Vari brothers in 2018 WWE presented the greatest Royal Rumble pay-per-view in Saudi Arabia During the pay-per-view there was a segment in which WWE introduced new prospects from Saudi and this led to the D'Vari brothers Interrupting wave in the Iranian flag this segment was just entertainment But it deeply offended a number of individuals who made death threats towards both of the D'Vari brothers In fact This got so serious that Aria D'Vari had to put out a public apology stating It was just a wrestling sketch and that the brothers never meant any harm Damn, although the backlash to the angle was extreme I read it going to say that sharing the ring with his brother was a moment He would remember forever No, right Bobby Lashley Bobby Lashley has been involved in a number of infamous storylines during his career But without it out the worst of them of all time was the time he began to date Lana That was on I would leave Rusev in favor of Lashley and this led to a few that seemingly went on forever Although this was obviously just a storyline There were those that actually thought that Lashley had ruined Rusev's life And this led to Lashley receiving several death threats in real life Lashley would discuss these death threats in a number of interviews And Lashley would even claim that he wasn't scared or intimidated Lashley would state that he was an easy man to find Virtually challenging anyone that had an issue with him to step up and do something about it Number seven, you're not gonna do nothing so Bobby Lashley Storyline wise or not You're not doing shit unless you're a trained fighter You're not doing to do a goddamn thing except type on your little keyboards. That's it And William Regal now it's not just heels that receive death threats Sometimes even universally beloved stars aren't immune to being targeted William Regal is a pro wrestling legend and it's hard to find someone that has an issue with the former NXT general manager In 2012 Regal would state that he received a death threat every single day But he didn't go into detail in relation to the form this took Three years later Regal took to Twitter to ask help from fans and someone called his house and threatened to take Everything he loved away. This was serious stuff. Whoa. Whoa. Whoa. Wait wait. That's a someone called That's a Houston area cold. Hey, yo Someone calling from this number seven one three seven five seven one thousand has just called my house and threatened to Threaten to everything you know Will be taken away from that's like you come on man. Who's from Houston doing this? That's a Houston area cold chill Come on. Oh my house and threatened to take everything. He loved away This was serious stuff and Regal will then claim there was another call asking someone was gonna harm Family it's unknown if the perpetrator was caught, but this was a sick act that hopefully had a ton of police intervention Number six Carmella. Come on. Houston. Yeah, come on Houston, bro That's not cool. I feel ashamed to be from Houston from that incident Carmella was dating Corey Graves I'm so sorry. I'm sorry.  I am sorry for that individual. We don't claim him But it was that accused Carmella of quote-unquote breaking up a happy marriage Some individuals took this one step further and he said the former women's champion threats A lot of this would play on Turtle Divas and whilst Turtle Divas forces a lot of their storylines This was actually a hundred percent real I have nothing to do with this. I'm not okay right now Literally, I'm getting that threats With WWE now openly admitting that Carmella and Corey are in a happy relationship Yeah, hopefully this has stopped those twisted individuals making these drastic threats I doubt it. Number five Jack Swagger and Zeb Coulter Oh, yeah, I remember that. Jack Swagger would debut a brand new character alongside his manager Zeb Coulter This new character would have strong anti-immigration beliefs and due to the subject nature of these beliefs was rather controversial According to both Swagger and Coulter in a number of interviews the storyline upset a lot of people so much so that they were actually receiving death threats as people couldn't believe the remarks that were coming out of their mouths Coulter would discuss how the gimmick was received during an interview with sports illustrated and stated I thought the liberals wouldn't like but it was the conservatives who hated it I got a lot of press I was sitting in catering one day and one of the higher officers in WWE said You play as a character really well almost too. Well wrestling is only fake until you do something that the people don't like and all of a sudden It's dead serious WWE got a lot of heat and I got some death threats Number four Alexa Bliss Champion Alexa Bliss is one of the most popular female WWE stars on social media But in 2022 she had no choice but to call out those who send her and her fiance death threats This all surfaced after scammers were pretended to be bliss on social media And they were asking fans to part with their money to seemingly help the real WWE Superstar Bliss would tweet on Twitter. I really hate that this needs to be said again No, you are not talking to me on any other social outlet. No, you do not get DMs from a personal act from me No, we are not dating. No, I am not asking for money and death threats to me and my fiance are not okay Number three late y'all be simping a little bit too much for Alexa Bliss, bro Y'all take the simping to a whole new level. I got it Lacey Evans was thrown into the biggest storyline of a career in early 2021 as she would begin a storyline with Rick Flair This storyline received terrible reviews from fans and it did very little to elevate the women's division Although the storyline was poor This was no excuse to send Lacey death threats and Lacey took to Twitter to reveal that some fans believed it was Appropriate to sending her intimidating messages the tweet read how it started how it's going. They've created me the work put in Hills I've climbed and routes I've had to take the negative and belittling fans the death threats and disgusting messages left daily Yet here I am still standing through it all not backing down from anyone number two Rick Flair 2014 16-time world champion Rick Flair received a number of death threats This had nothing to do with the world of pre-wrestling Flair planned to attend the Carolina Panthers in San Francisco 49ers game But do you think threats on his life Flair was forced to abandon plans to attend the game This surfaced thanks to Flair giving a pep talk to the 49ers before their game And this didn't sit well with supporters of the Panthers There's a agent released a public statement which read we know fans are passionate about their teas some of the choice language We've been receiving is scaring off our interns when the 49ers reached out and WWE asked Rick to jet up there. Of course. He said yes He's friends with a bunch of the 49ers just like he is with the Panthers Packers and many other NFL players But no Rick does not intend on attending the Panthers versus 49ers game this weekend. Yeah That definitely wasn't You go into the opposite the ops team to motivate them and talk to them Yeah, people are not number one Daniel Bryan a Daniel Bryan made a monumental decision in 2021 He was gonna leave WWE in favor of signing with AEW This was a huge loss to WWE as Bryan was one of their top stars and he would have been deeply missed The majority of fans were happy for Brian, but there were those die-hard WWE fans who were deeply hurt by Bryan leaving the company And they for whatever reason decided to send Brian death threats Discussing the fans response to him leaving WWE in 2021 Brian would state during an interview with ABC six action news that so it just felt weird You know, there's a decent amount of tribalism in our culture today Where it's like people are you know say politically if you're right everything on the left is bad If you're on the left everything on the right is bad and same thing with wrestling There's WWE fans and the worst ones would be like sending death threats to me on Instagram and like I hope you die Or I hope your son dies something like that.  What's wrong with you?  It's wrong with you Chill out man. Let's do better in this wrestling community. This is why people I mean granted There's a lot of communities are super toxic, but this is why people sometimes get out of the wrestling Situation like watching wrestling and even being wanted to be a part of the community because you got individuals like that They take it a little bit too far, bro Just chill enjoy what you enjoy watch what you watch support who you support But don't get don't get to the point of trying to find out where they live where they stay and doing all the extra Weird shit that shit's not cool, bro. Chill out But comment down below. Let me know what other wrestling videos you want me to check out man Also want to give a update. I probably will Not be checking out the AEW pay-per-view double or nothing because me doves really will be Celebrating doves wife's birthday on a boat. So we won't be able to check it out But what I will do for you guys most likely that Monday This upcoming Monday, I'm gonna check it out for you guys. I'm gonna watch the whole thing I'm gonna try to stay away off social media. So I don't get spoiled watch the whole thing And I'm gonna give my thoughts and opinions on it. So be on a lookout for that most likely Monday. We're gonna watch it. That's That's gonna be my priority that day watch the whole thing No spoilers from anybody and give my thoughts and opinions on it I appreciate all of the sport road to 90k. Appreciate that kicking with me. See y'all next one. Peace


Welcome to the Endless Knot, today a meta episode in which we look at what the etymology of the word etymology tells us about how etymology works. Words have a past, and like all of us, they can change as they grow, so it's often important to consider their etymology or history. Words are, in a sense, the fossil remains of culture, the traces left behind by years of cultural change, so by examining these potchards of language, we gain insight into the history of culture, by looking at what semantic frame has been connected to a given word throughout its history. However, we must remember that the meanings of words do change over time, and what a word means now is not necessarily determined by what it used to mean, as is the case for instance with the word decimated, which used to mean reduced by a tenth, but now is commonly used to mean reduced by a non-specific extreme amount. And yes, whatever the pedants say, literally can be meant figuratively and just be used as an intensifier. If we forget this and think that a word must always mean what its roots once meant, we are committing the etymological fallacy. Besides, what's really fascinating is the way words change over time. So, the etym part of the word etymology comes from a Greek root meaning true, so etymology originally meant the study of the truth behind words, the logy part meaning the study of, from Greek logos meaning word, thought, or explanation. Greek etymos may be related to sooth as in soothsayer, a teller of truths, and foresooth meaning one might say, for reals. In fact, in classical and medieval times, scholars often believed that by finding the true roots and meanings of words, they could learn about the true nature of reality and even God's plan itself. Perhaps the most famous example of this was Isidore of Seville's great work, the etymologii, which sought to explain the world by finding the true names of everything in it. Nowadays, of course, we use the term etymology to refer to the origins and history of words as opposed to their current meanings and uses. Actually, Isidore's etymologii is more than just a work of etymology. It's an encyclopedic collection of all the knowledge that Isidore, a 5th to 6th century bishop with feet planted both in the classical and medieval worlds, thought important. It's full of information about the classical world that would have been lost otherwise and came to be a standard textbook of medieval education in the Seven Liberal Arts, made up of the subjects of the Trivium, Grammar, Logic, and Rhetoric, and the Quadrivium, Arithmetic, Geometry, Music, and Astronomy. In fact, that's sort of what encyclopedia means. It comes from the Greek phrase in Kuklios paideia, literally the circle of education, referring to the educational curriculum, and initially that's what the word meant in English too. And Kuklios comes from a root that means to revolve and is related to the words cycle and wheel, and paideia literally means childrearing, coming from Greek pice, meaning child, and ultimately from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning little or few. In this, in the child sense, we get words such as pediatrician, and in the education sense, words such as pedagogy and pedant, a word too often connected with lovers of language. Isidore drew on other earlier encyclopedic general knowledge books like Pliny's Natural History, and there have since been other such works. However, one of the first modern encyclopedias, as we would recognize it today, was the Encyclopédie ou Dictionnaire raisonné des sciences, des arts et des métiers, compiled by Enlightenment thinker Denis Diderot. Today of course, print encyclopedias have all but disappeared, largely replaced by online resources such as Wikipedia, from the Hawaiian word wiki meaning quick, so literally then a portmanteau meaning quick education, fitting no? So it is perhaps appropriate that Isidore Seville has been suggested as the patron saint of the internet. Beginning back to etymology, while we often trace words back to their immediate source before coming into modern English, such as Old English, French, Latin, or Greek, we can sometimes go back to English's most distant traceable ancestor, Proto-Indo-European, so it's time for a word about that. Languages are like families with parent, child, and cousin languages. English for instance is one member of the Indo-European family of languages, and counts among its relatives languages such as Latin, French, German, Greek, and Hindi, and a long list of others. The ultimate parent of all these languages is thus said to be Proto-Indo-European, a hypothetical reconstructed language. That's what a proto-language is, a hypothetical reconstructed language from which other known languages descend, from Greek proton meaning first. So Proto-Indo-European is the first Indo-European language. And for completeness, Indo and India come through Latin, Greek, and Persian from a Sanskrit word meaning river, possibly from an Indo-European root which means to drive or go away. Indo-European and Europe come from a figure in Greek myth named Europa, who is ravished by the god Zeus. But the name is of uncertain ultimate origin, possibly meaning broad face from Eurus meaning wide and Ops meaning literally eye, or ironically possibly from a non-Indo-European source such as Akkadian Arabu to go down or set as in sunset, or Phoenician Arab meaning evening, either way suggesting the west. We don't know for sure when or where the original speakers of Proto-Indo-European lived, but it was probably in or before the fourth millennium BCE. One theory, called the Kurgan hypothesis, is that they lived in the stepland north of the Black Sea, the Caucasus Mountains, and the Caspian Sea, where the horse was first domesticated, and it was this technological advance which allowed them to herd more efficiently and expanded to new areas. Another theory, the Anatolian hypothesis, is that they originally lived in the area around modern-day Turkey, and instead were an agricultural society. Either way, these original Indo-Europeans did spread into new areas bringing their culture, and most importantly for our purposes, their language with them. When we talk about reconstructing Proto-languages like Proto-Indo-European or Proto-Germanic, it's like doing genealogical research to find a long-lost ancestor, only without any actual physical evidence. Proto-languages existed in a time before writing was available, so no written record survives, but by looking at a number of child languages that we believe are related, we can make some good guesses as to what their parent must have been like. So English father corresponds to Latin Pater, Greek Pater, and Sanskrit Peter, and we can therefore posit the Proto-Indo-European Pater. The asterisk written in front of it means it's a hypothetical reconstructed form. Nor is it just a question of finding a number of similar sounding words with similar meanings in a number of different languages. After all, words can travel or be snatched directly from one language to another, so that's not enough proof. Furthermore, words from different languages might be coincidentally similar. Therefore, historical linguists look for regular, systematic, and predictable correspondences between sounds in those sets of similar words. So for instance, the Germanic F in English words such as father, foot, and fish corresponds predictably with P in other Indo-European languages, such as Latin Pater, Pays Pettis, and Piscis, and also with Greek Pater and Pus Potos for that matter. This is particularly noticeable in English. Originally a Germanic language, over time it borrowed many words from other Indo-European languages, such as from Latin because that was the language of the Church and of scholarship during the Middle Ages and Renaissance, from French because of the Norman conquest in 1066, and from Greek because it was often used as the language of scientific terminology after the rediscovery of the writings of the ancient Greeks. So, English ended up with sets of related words such as star and astrology, or fatherhood and paternity, which linguists call cognates, sort of like cousins. Cognatus means born together or related by birth in Latin. And knowing this tells you that hemp comes from the same plant as cannabis, sends your hound to a kennel, or gets you doing your cardio exercise to improve the health of your heart. The last set of examples gives you another sound correspondence, Germanic H for Latin or Greek C or K. These particular correspondences between certain consonants in Germanic languages and other Indo-European languages to follow yet another strand in the etymological web is called Grimsla after Jakob Grimm. Yes, that Jakob Grimm of the brothers Grimm. In addition to collecting folktales, Grimm was one of the early pioneers in the field of comparative philology, comparing different languages to work at which ones were related and how. Basically, Grimsla describes a sound change that happened to Proto-Indo-European consonants as they passed into Proto-Germanic. So, the voiceless stops in Proto-Indo-European became the voiceless fricatives in Proto-Germanic. That is, P, T, K, and Q became F, F, H, and H with H and H, eventually becoming H and H. The voiced stops B, D, G, and G, lost their voicing, that is the vibration of the vocal chords, and filled the gap left by the voiceless stops becoming P, T, K, and Q. The voiced aspirated stops lost their aspiration, a little extra breath of air, and became those regular unaspirated voiced stops. The word philology, by the way, referring to historical linguistics, or more broadly the study of language in written texts, literally means love of words, which I suppose you must have, as I do, if you're interested in knowing how all these sound changes work. By the way, Grimm wasn't exactly the first to come up with the idea. Friedrich Schlegel was the first to note the P, F correspondence, and Rasmus Rask suggested further sound correspondences. But since Grimm was the first to clearly explain the idea as a regular sound change, at least initially crediting Rask, we now generally refer to this as Grimm's law, though some people have suggested Rask's rule as an alternate name. However, it was really one of Grimm's predecessors who kicked the whole thing off. In a way, we have trade monopolies and British imperialism to thank for his discovery. During the time of the great European empires from the 17th through 19th centuries, many countries set up what became known as East India Companies, with trade monopolies in the East. Britain's East India Company eventually came to have so much power and control in India that it became a kind of quasi-government, with its own currency, armed forces, and legal system. Eventually the British government decided it would be a good idea to take more of an active interest in the activities of the company, and appointed a Governor General in Bengal, one Warren Hastings, who by the way was an admirer of our encyclopedist Denis Diderot, and read his writings on the way to India. Hastings also became a big fan of India's ancient culture and texts, and it became policy to run the administration and legal system in the area based on existing customs. Problem was, the ancient laws were written in the equally ancient language Sanskrit, so British judges had to rely on local knowledge, which they didn't entirely trust. They were dependent on the interpretation of the pandits, scholars of Sanskrit. That's where we get the word pundit, and fittingly too, given the potential for mistrust in both the original and contemporary senses of the word. It was into this situation that language genius William Jones arrived. Jones already had a reputation as a gifted philologist, with knowledge of dozens of languages, and after receiving a judicial appointment in Bengal, he took up the study of Sanskrit in order to translate those legal codes, and in his spare time founded the Asiatic Society with Hastings to pursue serious linguistic studies. And though there were others who had noticed similarities between languages and suggested relationships, Jones was the first to really formulate the idea of a proto-language, from which many other languages descend, what we now call proto-Indo-European. Jones' interest in Indo-European comparative philology kicked off a whole cottage industry in comparative studies in Indo-European and other cultures, such as comparative mythology and folklore, which included Grimm's other great work, the collection of folktales and fairy tales he compiled with his brother Wilhelm. That same father example from before gives us a clue as to how this works. Many Indo-European cultures seem to have had Skyfather gods, so we can posit proto-Indo-European Dieu Pater, as meaning literally shining father, which becomes Jupiter in Latin. Dieu also leads to Jove, another name for Jupiter. Deus, the Latin word for god, the Greek god Zeus, and the Germanic god Tyr in Old Norse and Tu in Old English, who is the namesake of Tuesday. So we started by digging up the past to try to find the ancestral truth about language by looking at its fossils. What we found was that, like all living things, language evolves, changes over time. And so, while we fill in the family portraits of our genealogy, we also have the fun of looking forward to snapshots of the next generations of our ever-evolving English language. Thanks for watching. If you've enjoyed these etymological explorations and cultural connections, please subscribe to this channel or share it. You can also sign up for email notifications of new videos in the description below, and check out our Patreon page where you can make a contribution to help me make more videos. Leave a comment or question, or tweet at alliterative. You can also read more of my thoughts at my blog at alliterative.net