Good morning everyone and welcome to class. We would like to welcome our e-learning students as well and our online students and our in-person students. So welcome everyone. Hope all of you had a good weekend and you know are already to face another new week. This morning we'll begin our study on the book of Titus. Paul's epistles letter to Titus who was overseeing the churches at Crete. Before we look at Titus we'll just pause for a word of praise. So can one of you please lead us in prayer please? Anyone? Can I ask Christopher to lead us in prayer please? Yes pastor. Heavenly Father we thank you for today. We thank you for all the things you do for us. Thank you for this weekend that we just had. Thank you for having, getting us refreshed for the new week. Thank you for pastor. We ask you to give our inspiration to teachers and to be able to put in part all the good messages that come out of the Bible reading. And Rodgers we thank you for looking after us. Thank you guys for your good health. You're safe from harm and giving us everything that we need. We ask you to continue to bless us because all your grace and mercies and be with us throughout this class and throughout the day. We ask this in Jesus name. Amen. Amen. Thank you Christopher. So today this morning we're going to be looking and studying the book of Titus Paul's epistle his letter to Titus. I have posted the PDF copy of the introduction and chapter one. Now I have written all of it out the research the study that I have done. So it's a very detailed study which means I'll be teaching or speaking exactly from the notes. So please don't think that I'm just reading out of the notes but it's basically what I have studied, what I have researched, what I have learned. I've just put here so there's nothing more that I need to add additionally because I've just written this whole thing out. So please don't think that I'm just you know reading it out of the course content. It's basically that I've written out everything I've researched. There's nothing extra that I need to add so you can just follow through with the with the notes and if you have any questions you can ask. So we look at the introduction to Titus, the book of Titus. Now we know that you know First Timothy, Second Timothy, Titus and Philemon are considered as personal letters of Paul because he's personally writing it to different individuals. He's addressing these letters to different individuals so it is called as the personal letters of Paul but it's also generally being called as the pastoral epistles because though these are very personal letters addressed to specific individuals they are not limited to just personal and private communication it is also has a component of something that is more official in character these letters because in these letters he's basically addressing the various concerns in the churches at Ephesus, at Crete and so you know these are also called as pastoral epistles because he's guiding Timothy and Titus in matters concerning the pastoral care of the church and hence these are letters that are called personal letters but also they are called as the pastoral epistles of Apostle Paul and these books First Timothy, Second Timothy and Titus are pastoral in nature because they give directions, they give directions on how to deal with false teachers, how to you know build up the church, the saints in the church, the believers in the church regarding faith, holiness, godliness and also how to establish leadership in the local churches. We saw that in his letter to Timothy and we see that again in his letter to Titus. So that is why this is also called as the pastoral epistles of Paul, First Timothy, Second Timothy and Titus call pastoral epistles. Now who wrote this letter to Titus, the letter itself or the book of Titus itself claims to have been written by Paul, it's mentioned there that Paul himself is writing this letter. So we can surely say that the author of this letter is Apostle Paul. Now who is Titus? Titus is a Greek speaking Gentile who is a believer who was converted by Paul either in Antioch when you know Paul spent considerable amount of time in Antioch a good amount of time a couple of years before his first missionary journey. So they say that Paul would have met Titus during this time and you know he Paul converted Titus in Antioch or it could also be during his first missionary journey when Paul was in Galatia or Pamphylia which is in 47 or 48 AD. So what do we know about Titus? We don't know anything much about Titus but from the scripture what we know is that you know Paul takes him along with him to the council of Jerusalem. We read this in Acts chapter 15 verses 1 to 21 where Paul takes Titus because you know he wanted to ask the leaders that those who were non-Jews Gentiles converts should they be circumcised? Is circumcision a requirement? And we know that Paul spoke against this that you know that it's not mandatory that the Gentiles need to be circumcised and so the leaders at the council of Jerusalem they agreed with Paul and they hence did not insist that Titus should be circumcised. Now from Paul's various other epistles and letters we also get a little bit of information about Titus' character, his personality and his relationship with Paul. So from this letter itself in Titus chapter 1 verse 4 you know Paul writes and says Titus has true son in our common faith. So just like Paul looked at Timothy as his son in the faith, somebody who he brought to the faith, somebody who nurtured, somebody who he strengthened was a mentor. The same way we see that Paul also looked at Titus as his son who he brought into the faith, who he helped to have a salvation experience and also mentored him, taught him and brought him to a stage where he could be a good leader, take on leadership responsibilities and oversee the churches at Crete. Now in second Corinthians chapter 2 verse 13 you know Titus is written there as Titus was a genuine brother to the apostle Paul. So we see that Paul not only just looks at him as his son but now he's grown to a stage where he can become a co-worker, a co-laborer and also a fellow believer, a fellow brother in the faith. Second Corinthians chapter 8 verse 23 we read that Titus was a partner, fellow worker with Paul and second Corinthians chapter 12 verse 18 we read there that Titus walked in the same spirit as Paul in the same book and the same chapter and verse second Corinthians 12 verse 18 we also read that Titus walked in the same steps as Paul in the same manner of life and in Titus chapter 2 verse 7 we see that Titus you know could be a pattern for other believers his life, his way of living you know could be a good pattern, a good model, a good example for others to follow. Now something wonderful that we can look at Paul's association with various people that he has brought to the faith who he mentors is that he does not just keep them as sons under his jurisdiction, under his control, under his dominion but look at how he you know he nurtures them from being a son in the faith to growing up to be somebody who is a brother and also somebody who becomes a fellow laborer, a fellow co-worker who also you know is come to a stage where they're mature in their faith walk in their in their in their relationship with with God they walk in the spirit you know and the manner of life is just the way that Paul lives so it's it's so important for us to learn how to be good mentors of people leaders in the faith as looking at Paul as an example you know he just does not keep them as sons under his control and always tells them what they should be doing what they should not be doing exercising his control but you know he brings them to a level where they are mature in their faith in their in in their understanding of the doctrines in their walk to be Christ-like to be holy and then he just releases them to to do the work of the gospel and then he brings them to a level where they are you know the same level as he is which does not threaten him as a leader as an apostle somebody who has nurtured their faith he's not threatened by them growing or threatened by them becoming leaders or threatened by them overtaking Paul which is a good example for us to you know basically learn from Paul's way of life so even as you know we all of us grow to be leaders somebody who'll mentor other people this is a good model to follow from Paul's life okay so we see that you know Titus moved on to from being a son who was nurtured by Paul to become one of Paul's most closest and trusted co-workers just like Timothy and how do we know this because you know he entrusts Titus with this whole responsibility of looking after the churches or overseeing the churches specifically those churches that are going through a lot of disturbance that is in Corinth and in Pete okay now Titus helps Paul at Ephesus during his third missionary journey and then he was sent from there to Corinth where Paul sends his first letter of you know the first the letter of the Corinthians to the church at Corinth and he sends Titus with this letter so Titus goes to Corinth he gives them the letter he stays there oversees the work for some time and then he takes back news about how the church at Corinth is doing back to Paul where Paul was at Philippi and then you know Paul based on all the information that he's heard from various sources about the church at Corinth after he's sent that was letter of to the church at Corinth through Titus and also getting a feedback about how things where the improvements areas where changes have to take place from Titus himself you know he writes the second letter of Corinth to the church at Corinth it is the second Corinthians and then he sends the letter again with Titus and Titus carries the second letter to the church at Corinth and you know he also is instrumental in collecting money from the church at Corinth for the poor saints in Jerusalem we read about this in second Corinthians so if you look at your notes you know Titus carrying the first letter of Corinthians second letter of Corinthians and also helping with collection of money for the poor saints and Jerusalem is all you know the references are given in second Corinthians chapter 12 7 chapter 2 and chapter 8 so all the references are there you can look it up later on and read now after Paul was released from his first Roman imprisonment which was a house arrest you know Paul travels to Crete where he takes Titus along with him and at Crete they you know they preach and teach the gospel they also strengthen the churches at Crete they establish they establish churches at Crete and then you know Paul feels the need that you know the people at Crete the church at Crete or the churches at Crete need some more support and help to organize things you know to make things much more smoother at the churches at Crete basically you know there was the same problem that you know was at Ephesus the reason why Paul leaves Timothy dead was because of you know the false teachers that were creating a lot of disturbance and chaos in the churches at Ephesus the same problem existed at Crete as well the false teachers there the Hellenistic Jews who are creating a lot of issues a lot of wrong teachings bringing a lot of ritualistic Jewish ritualistic you know rituals that they were trying to spread about and Jewish fables which was causing a lot of confusion and also like churches at Ephesus where they needed good leaders to carry on the work there support writing elaborately about how to choose you know leaders deacons bishops so we saw that in his letter to Timothy the same thing he writes again to Titus who is at Crete so these are the reasons why he feels the need to leave Titus behind and Paul continues on his journey and Titus was left at Crete to oversee the work there and also you know to establish good leaders in the church and also teach the truth that can defend the false teachings that were there because of the Hellenistic Jews again so we see that you know when Titus was at Crete when Paul writes this letter to him he tells Titus to come and join him at Nicopolis so when Titus leaves Crete Artemis or Taikikis you know they take on the work at Crete this you know Paul sends the letters of Titus to Titus who is at Crete to these people so when Titus says you know Crete they come they give this letter to Titus and then he goes to Nicopolis where he joins Paul and Taikikis and Artemis you know one of the two they take over the responsibility of the church at Crete and then we see that when Titus was at Nicopolis you know Paul commissions him for an evangelistic work in Dalmatia and later on tradition says that you know Titus goes back to Crete and you know the traditions describe him as a bishop there till his old age so maybe he's you know he's so burdened by Crete or he loves the place he loves the people there so even though he had other missionary assignments in different places Nicopolis Dalmatia but he goes back to Crete becomes the bishop there that oversees the churches and continues to work at Crete till his old age now about Crete Crete is one of the largest one of the largest islands in the Mediterranean Sea you know the Cretan people had a very disgraceful and a bad reputation in the Roman world one of their poets Epimendus you know Paul quotes in his letter in chapter one verse 12 where Epimendus this like he was like a prophet and you know a poet and somebody was held in high regard by the Cretans and he says that Cretans are always liars evil beasts and lazy glutton so this was the general view of you know the people had about Cretans or about the people at Crete so they were quite notorious people and it was added more a challenging role for Titus because you know of their of their reputation that they already had as people were liars evil beasts and lazy glutton now how did you know how were the churches established in Crete how did the gospel reach Crete it was not only when Paul and Titus went to Crete after Paul's first Roman imprisonment but the churches their churches had been already established in this island of Crete and they say that it was most likely when you know during the time of Pentecost when there were Jewish Hellenistic Jews who had who were in living in Crete you know you know that during Pentecost all from Jews from all over the world come to Jerusalem to celebrate the the Pentecost and so on the day of Pentecost you know there were Cretans also who hear this mighty rushing wind and they came to that room where the 120 disciples had gathered and they were all speaking in tongues because it says you know the Cretans in Acts chapter 2 was 11 if you read it says the Cretans and the Arabs they heard the these men men of Galilee speaking praises and worshiping God in their own language so it's most likely that you know even as they were standing there they heard Paul's message which he preached and we know that 3,000 of them accepted and received salvation so you know some people from Crete were also among this group of people and they must have been nurtured strengthened in their faith by the apostles and then they as they went back to Crete they would have preached the gospel, shared the gospel and you know planted churches there so that is how we can say or traditions or you know writers say that you know the gospel reached this island of Crete but the problem here in the churches at Crete was there's some Hellenistic Jews who are promoting a lot of false teaching false doctrines and making life very difficult for the others and hence Paul saw the need for the truth to be preached there and for leaders good able leaders to be selected to put into leadership positions so that they can manage to work at Crete okay so when was this letter basically written they say probably between 33 to sorry 63 to 6680 after Paul left Titus at Crete he went to Macedonia and then you know that's where he would have heard about how Titus was doing at Crete or how the situation at Crete was or maybe Titus written a letter to Paul you know talking about everything that was happening in Crete he got a report from him and hence he in response to that he's writing this letter the same place where he wrote 1st Timothy and 2nd Timothy 2 Timothy who he left at Ephesus now Paul wrote to Timothy instructing him to put the you know things that where that you know they he could not complete putting in order because he had to leave Crete so he writes to him regarding other matters which needs to be put in order in the churches at Crete and then we see that you know Xenus and Paulus was also mentioned in this Titus in the book of Titus you know are the other two Christian workers who you know were about to go to Crete and Paul sends his letter with them to give it to or hand it over to Titus okay so that's briefly introduction to the book of Titus anyone has any questions any questions okay there are no questions and we'll continue we'll study chapter one now chapter one I have kind of done a very detailed exegetical study of each word and phrase so I'm just going to be teaching out of this you know the the content which I have written and which I have posted the pdf copy which I have posted so it's going to just be exactly from the notes because this is my one person study there's nothing more than that I need to add into it but it's quite a detailed study and you know a lot of content in chapter one we've already looked at in when Paul writes his letter to Timothy where he talks about how to choose elders and bishops and the same thing that he writes so a little portion of it is going to just be the same that he he has written to Timothy which we've already studied but we will just kind of go through it to reiterate our learning and just to help us through okay so we look at chapter one can one of you please read versus one to four please Titus chapter one versus one to four Titus chapter one one to four Paul a servant of God and an apostle of Jesus Christ to further the faith of God's elect and their knowledge of the truth and that leads to godliness in the hope of eternal life with god who does not lie promised before the beginning of time and which now is and which now at and which now at his appointed season he has brought a light through the preaching and trusted to me by the command of god our savior to Titus my true son in our common faith grace and peace from god the father and christ Jesus our savior amen amen thank you say so in verse one Paul is saying that you know he's saying he's mentioning his name first so while writing his name first you know he's basically following the letter writing customs in his day where the name of the the person who's writing the letter is mentioned and then the name of the reader is mentioned and then the greetings was given so this is the letter writing customs in in in those days so we see that you know Paul is directly saying it's him who is writing this letter is mentioning it very clearly there and this letter was written to Titus it was not just written to Titus but also written to the believers the saints who were part of the church or the churches at the island of Crete and Paul knew that this letter would be read you know publicly before everyone in the churches on the island so in the opening structure or the greetings of this letter you know Paul takes you know great care to write down to tell the believers at Crete what are his credentials who he is you know what is his role you know to the churches in the kingdom of god and where he stood on important issues now why is it important for Paul to you know mention his credentials why do you think it's important for Paul to mention his credentials yes hey number one to differentiate himself from all other false apostles and then number two to also provide with I say validity to whatever he's going to mention afterwards so that they take it seriously and know that he is one speaking as being led by the spirit of God and commissioned by Jesus Christ as an apostle to speak to the church yes thank you very much well said yes that's so important because he's writing about very important matters administration matters how to choose administrative matters of the church how to choose elders what kind of leaders what to do with false teachers and imagine you know when he's writing all of this and it's going to be read so people are going to question now who is Paul you know he's not somebody who established the churches at the creed he is not our father that we look up to you know and who is he to tell us all of these things so it's very important for Paul to you know to inform the churches or let the believers know who he is so that you know when the letter is read they will know it's from somebody who is in a place of authority not just vested upon by himself but you know somebody who is in a place of authority and a leadership position because it is an office that he has been called to by the Lord Jesus Christ himself or by God himself Elisha says to give some spiritual authority to his writing yes a good credibility credentials to what he is writing yes Divya says that even when Titus is given those instructions for the church so that there's credibility to whatever he is is being instructed yes yes thank you so here we see that you know Paul is taking time to you know write down his credentials to tell them who he really is and so he says you know he begins by saying he's a born servant now born servant is the Greek word do loss which is basically meaning do loss is a slave but a slave of a very low category a low low a very low position and so you know Paul says that he's a born servant a slave of God very important he's a slave not of man not of people but born servant of God and so he's saying that even though he is a slave you know a slave of very low ranking but he is made himself as a slave by choice that means he has chosen to you know totally surrender himself to the authority to the will of God which means that a born servant is somebody who is you know bonded for life you know a slave after seven years is free to go but you know the slave if they love their master the master has been good to them very loyal and they want to continue serving their master then they they make this choice is their own choice is their own will which they exercise and say they want to become a born servant and you know they have a mark that is and then they put upon themselves you know I think they they have a here whole made in their ear lobe and that shows that they are a born servant a servant for life to their master so Paul is saying that he's a born servant we already studied about a born servant when we looked at the book of Romans I think even in Timothy you know so Paul by choice he chooses to be a slave who's totally surrendered to the will and authority of God so even though Paul was a born servant yet you know he had he was not in a low position but in a place of high place of authority you know in a high place of calling because he was a born servant of God and it's you know a never a low thing to be identified by the gospel it's never a demeaning thing or a simple thing or a low thing to be a servant of this great God it's a great privilege a great honor to be a servant of this great God and that is what Paul is saying and he along with saying that he's a born servant of God Paul says that he's an apostle of Jesus Christ so he's saying that you know he did not choose this position or this office of being an apostle by his own will or his you know he does did not designate this term for himself designate this office to himself or call upon himself this office but he says that God gave Paul this particular call and function as an apostle and the Greek word for apostle is apostolos and it means somebody who is a sent one sent with specific orders somebody who's a messenger a commission somebody who's commissioned to do something who's an ambassador and he says that he's been called to this office as an apostle by God himself so as an apostle you know God has called Paul to this office has given him this authority and as a born servant we see that Paul is basically pointing out to his personal relationship to God that he basically you know loves God wants to be under his submission his control his will for the rest of his life so that is talking about his personal relationship with God but then when he says that he's an apostle he you know he's pointing out to his official responsibility within the body of Christ and also that this official responsibility is given to him by God himself so it is Paul is saying that he is Jesus Christ Apostle and he has been called and equipped and sent forth as an authoritative messenger of Jesus Christ because an apostle is somebody who's a sent one sent with a specific order an ambassador a commissioned one a messenger so he says and whatever I'm writing whatever I'm saying to you I'm saying it because you know it is God himself who has given me this message God himself has commissioned me to say this God himself is giving me sending me with these orders to give these orders to you so God has we we learn from this that you know that God has gifted each one of us different gifts you know our gifts can be to be an apostle or teacher or pastor an evangelist or missionary whatever these are calling you know each one of us have different gifts and God has called us to these different offices and he enables us or he gives us the grace the mercy and it gives for the mutual edification of the body of Christ so it's not for us to post that you know I'm a pastor or an apostle or a prophet or a teacher but basically these gifts are given these offices are given to us and puts us in a in a higher place of responsibility or for greater place of accountability because we are going to be accountable to God himself because he's entrusted us with this office and you know these offices that we are all to is not just something that we can bear a badge and run around you know and claim that you know or claim a place in a position for ourselves but it's actually for the mutual edification of the body of Christ and ultimately leads to the glory of God so everything that we do is basically manifesting the glory of God who God is and what he does so it's important for us to you know recognize discern the gifts that God has put into our lives the calling the functions that he has called us to the place of ministry that he wants us to minister and even as he calls us that he gives us the gifts that are necessary so we don't compete with each other we don't you know you know we don't think that one is greater than the other no all of us are given specific roles specific gifts and that is for the mutual edification of the church or the body of Christ and so we use our gifts not to compare not to compete not to you know get into this rat race of power and position and you know heights that we can reach but it is given to us so that we can use it to build up the body of Christ to build them up strengthen the body of Christ believers the saints in the faith so whatever is our gifts whatever is the office of God has called us to you know we must be completely surrendered to his will and his authority just like Paul just choose to be a born servant of Jesus Christ and Paul goes on to say according to the faith of God's elect and the acknowledgement of the truth which accords with godliness now this you know there's a lot of writing commentary writers have written about this worse but you know just like to look at what the passion translation says because it helps us to kind of understand this phrase much better the passion translation says I'm writing Paul is saying I'm writing to you to further the faith of God's chosen ones and lead them to the full knowledge of the truth that leads to godliness so basically I've used this passion translation because helps us understand this phrase so Paul is saying telling that is I'm writing to you telling the believers at the saints in the creed that I'm writing to you to further the faith of God's chosen ones so he's saying I'm not just trying to use my you know authority and path telling what to do what not to do how you should you know conduct yourselves in the church what kind of leaders you know I'm not trying to exercise my authority or my dominion my position on each one of you but I'm doing this you know writing this to just kind of you know build each of you in the faith further you in the faith and lead you to the full knowledge of the truth and which you know both of this you know the faith and the full knowledge of truth will eventually lead to godliness so here Paul is mentioning his mission which is to further the faith of God's chosen ones bring them to the knowledge of the truth in that is will help them in you know with godliness or in keeping with godliness and then he goes on to talk about saying you know according to the faith of God select the knowledge acknowledgement of the truth which accords with godliness of God's elect so God's elect are those who God for you you know even before the foundation of the world who will choose him who will reject him he'd form you who is going to choose him who's going to receive his salvation and those who receive his salvation you know they do so by you know the the faith that they're exercising their own personal faith which is empowered of course by the Holy Spirit prompted and empowered by the Holy Spirit so we can't boast that salvation is my own works you know it's because of my own faith that I put my faith in trust in God compared to another person who rejected so my faith is much stronger no of course we exercise our personal faith but that personal faith is again prompted and empowered by the Holy Spirit so you know we can identify who God's elect are and how do we identify them we identify them by those who have responded positively to the gospel of Jesus Christ not only responded to the salvation call but also who people who live by that gospel and then he says you know the gospel which accords God's elect which accords with godliness so here you know this phrase accords with godliness it's basically you know the aim of God's truth is to promote godliness in God's people so you know the truth in God's world why do we need to read scripture is because it will help us to to be like Christ to be holy just like he is holy to be Christ like in everything that we do just basically helps us to be more godly promotes godliness in God's people so Paul's ministry and his mission as an apostle is to preach and teach the gospel which can edify the body of saints the believers build them up build them up in the faith establish them in the sound faith and in the knowledge of the truth and will also lead them to godliness so this should be our whole focus of why we want to preach and teach the gospel not preach and teach the gospel so that we can show that you know hey i've just completed my three years in bible college or i studied so much so i just want to you know share everything that i have learned or not preaching it in a sense where you know i know everything and i stand in a better place than you so preaching down on people know it's also not preaching to get a fame or let people know who you are or you know to have a great following on youtube you know how many likes how many dislikes that should not be our criteria but our criteria is that you know we teach so that we can build the saints or the believers in the sound faith in the knowledge of the truth which will ultimately lead them to godliness so all of us you know are being built up or being edified or being coming or coming to that place where we are this this pride is prepared for the right group so that should be our mission our purpose for the church today why we need to preach and teach the gospel uh it is to promote growth and development of mature faith in god's chosen ones that this is believers the saints in the church and through growth in the knowledge of the truth and then reaching godliness or becoming more christlike okay worse too it says in hope of eternal life which god who cannot lie promised before time began so paul states that his ministry his apostleship is in the interest of you know the faith of god's chosen ones it's in the interest of them knowing the truth and promoting godliness you know which rests on this hope of eternal life so see how beautifully he's just connecting you know his credentials of who he is and the purpose of why he is writing and also why he's doing ministry why he's preaching and teaching is so that people can be built up in the faith they can come to the knowledge of the truth and you know this can promote godliness uh with the hope of eternal life now this hope word hope here is not something that is just you know wishing that something will happen or it'll come true but the greek word for hope here i've written that i put the greek word there you know uh it basically means you know a confident expectation and anticipation so it is basically a confident uh expectation uh because um you know of this this hope of eternal life because it rests on the promises of god and it says that you know promises of god who cannot lie uh and god cannot lie um because he's perfect his character is holy uh and hence our promise of eternal life the scope of eternal life uh it it is on a sure foundation that is the promises of god and and god's promises stands from eternity to eternity from generation to generation because he's a god who cannot lie because he's a god by nature who is holy and uh perfect now eternal life is not something like i've explained before it's not something that we will you know have to hope that we are going to have this eternal life somewhere in the future someday we'll possess this eternal life it's not just uh an eschatological eschatology means somewhere uh hope part into the future a confident expectation anticipation of something that we will enjoy in the future but it's a realized eschatology which means that we can realize eternal life here and now the minute you've accepted Jesus as your lord and savior with your procedure into your life you can experience that fullness of eternal life you can possess the fullness of eternal life here now in the in the present but yet you know the the completeness of it in the fullest form can be seen in the later time when we see when we are with god we'll see him face to face you know that's when we will fully experience eternal life but we already are experiencing eternal life here and now the minute that we are born again and how do we know this scripture says this in john chapter 3 verse 36 tells us that those who believe in the sun has eternal life the one who believes in the sun has eternal life that is perspective eternal life so the word possesses is better than has it's not something that says the one who believes in the sun will have uh or may have but it says has which means it's already a realized thing is something that is present now you know so we can possess that eternal life here and now and you know we can experience it here in the fullest sense and also says you know who god cannot lie so the apostle is pointing out two points here the reality of the truth of god and the eternal nature of his promises so the reality of the truth of god is god cannot lie which the greek word for lie here means free from falsehood uh or as not guilty or falsehood or the other meaning is truthful so we see that god is uh you know cannot speak anything that this lies is free from falsehood is utterly truthful and so the literal meaning here is god who is free from all the speed of falsehood and hence is truthful is trustworthy uh so you know that is the reality of the truth of god and also his eternal nature of his promises uh because he's a god who cannot lie his promises are sure and he is will be faithful to perform his promises so it's wonderful to know that eternal life you know rests on the truth of the nature of god who is a god who cannot lie who's utterly honest truthful pure and holy and also that his promises are you know uh eternal in nature because he's a god who cannot lie okay we'll stop here we'll go for a break and then um sorry well i'll meet you at uh 11 o' one okay we'll go for a break thank you everyone and then if you come when we come back after break if you have any questions i'll answer those questions thank you


So what we're trying to do is find that we can really help people get started with data science. So we've thought about all what are the five things that people need to know to get started with doing data science. And the first step is really understand the process. What's the entire data science process? How do you frame a problem? How do you acquire the data to solve that problem? How do you clean it up? How do you visually explore it? How do you transform it? Model it, build something. We kind of cover that as one of the first days to see end to end what happens. And then we go deeper into some of these arguments. One of the ones would be around visualization. So how do you, how can you visualize? How do you understand a grammar of visualization? Can you explore and visualize multi-dimensional data? Can you find the patterns and trends of this? Can you build an interactive dashboard? We then go and understand a little bit of math behind algorithms. So, you know, basics of linear algebra, statistics, and what goes inside these algorithms, right? Kind of unpack that. Unpack that really in a kind of a hacker way. So using code and visuals to understand them rather than, rather than mathematical because of that. So that's day three. Day four is then going deeper into the algorithm. So how do we pick algorithms? How do we tune algorithms? How do we select between different sets of algorithms? And really understand how this ML machine learning algorithm selection process works. And once we've done that, day five finally is really around, really around unpacking, taking what you've probably been doing and saying, I want to expose it as a service for a web application or a dashboard to consume. So how do we convert that into an EPI or a service? And how do I design an application that we consume? And potentially do it on the cloud, right? Because we want it to happen. So these five days will give you enough experience to really build, you know, understand the process, each of the important steps within it, the breaks in between the five weekends that we're doing the course and allow you to go back and apply this within your own project. So you also build over the course of the bootcamp, a personal portfolio, at least start the process of that. So at the end of the five weeks, you have a sufficient understanding of what's happening and also have sufficient exposure to a few other problems which you try to experiment on as you learn doing and learning in the middle of the class. So you get both a classroom experience, you also get an experience of building a few projects on your own. Once you finish this, you'd be kind of prepared to know what to do next. What should I do more of these data science projects? How do they come complete? How do we continue to build my profile? Or should I go deeper into some element of those data science to focus more on the recommendation system, focus much more on classification problems, focus much more on business problems, should I go to a building? So you'd be prepared to go further. You would start to build your portfolio. You'd be ready to start talking to people intelligently about where we can use the information building data science.


Good morning. So for everyone who saw our first keynote, we have a keynote by Tom Press. Tom is the chair of the Democratic Party We are thrilled to be able to have him here at DEF CON. Unfortunately. He's not actually at DEF CON For those of you in the political know, he is unfortunately at the Iowa State Fair eating way too much funnel cake But he has kindly agreed to call into DEF CON to do some remarks for us Which if you will bear with us one moment, we will try and get the Skype up and working. It worked Flawlessly this morning. That's a guarantee that will not work now Tom can you hear us? That I can't come to Las Vegas However, I did want to share with you what we at the DNC are doing to increase awareness around the security threats from disinformation We're monitoring disinformation and developing a program to combat these online attacks The basis for any such program is education and here are the three tips We tell campaigns to help spot manipulated videos online number one Know the source is it a reputable news organization? Do you know who posted it? Can you find instances of the clip or image from other reputable sources? If not, it may be fake number two Be skeptical of video you find online. Are there gaps or unexplained transitions in the video? If so, this may be a sign of deception Number three look for signs of the video has been manipulated Does the speaker's voice sound too low or are they moving strangely? Is there a limited or no blinking in the video? Is there inconsistent coloring or blurring? These all may be signs of manipulation We all have a part to play in stemming the problem of deceptive videos Researchers can use their skills to work with industry experts to develop tech to quickly identify the signs of manipulation Social media platforms can work to develop clear policies and technology that limit the prominence and damage deceptive videos can do and The media can help teach the public about the threat these videos pose While being careful not to feed the trolls and give bad actors the oxygen they crave It's not going to be outrageous videos of Will Smith as Cardi B or of still Sylvester Stallone as the terminator that trip us up It'll be something more subtle like a slowed-down video video Or even a deep fake of Tom Perez talking about cyber security So obviously that was not Tom Perez shocking But more exciting that was the chief security officer of the Demcrack party who agreed to let us video him for About an hour a couple weeks ago in order to do that deep fake So I would like to introduce now Bob Lord the chief security officer of the Demcrack party How many of you actually knew Tom Perez's name before today. Oh Wow, that's actually very good Okay, well, I won't use my next line Okay, but how many of you actually knew his voice I'll see. Oh, no, they worked there. No cheating cheating Cheating not good. Not good. So, you know, I think there's a whole bunch of stuff that is probably on your mind Like why is Bob up here? Why is he doing that? How long did it take? By the way, congratulations to all the people who had to watch hours of video of me Like reading my emails and you can probably imagine what a seesaws face looks like just reading emails and things like that Just doing it's you know, uh That's the sort of thing that they had to sit there and watch so they know my face better than I do. So anyway Why are we doing this? Let me back up a little bit and talk a little bit about our larger program So I joined the DNC about a year and a half ago and I worked at companies like Twitter and at Yahoo and so I was really quite new to the entire space of politics And it really is very very different. What people don't really realize is that the DNC is only somewhere on 200 people Something like that give or take so it's it's not really a huge organization I've worked in organizations where the entire security team is is larger than the entirety of the DNC And we sometimes forget that because it's on TV every night. So you sometimes misunderstand the overall scale So impact is obviously very great But the number of people are there is very small and what I found out when I joined is That Tom Perez the actual real Tom Perez not the fake Tom Perez the real Tom Perez Wanted me to not only work on the DNC to help improve cyber security But to really expand that out to the state parties because they're separate legal entities with their own funding their own staffing And then also the campaigns for the midterm. So I had to really try to figure out what on earth is Bob going to do To try to figure out how to improve security. So we did a number of things We stood up some webinars. So we taught them basic cyber security Which is difficult because I can't put agents on their machines to monitor what's going on and remember They're not remote offices, and I'm not headquarters So this is a real struggle for us to to try to figure out the way that we organize the party is actually very good For being nimble and making local decisions fast but in terms of cyber security it kind of works against us because Organizations with just a dozen people Not likely to go out and hire another dozen cyber security experts and IT experts So it's a real challenge to try to figure out how to nudge them along the path of being more secure One of the things that we did in the last cycle was we sent out like I said webinars We sent out newsletters email blasts when there was something that happened You may have read about one of the email blasts I sent out recently around a Russian app called face app why some things become Interesting in the in the press and others don't I I can only speculate but We do those kinds of things and then we also asked for feedback from people to say hey if you see something really strange Please report it to us because it may be more common than you think there may be other state parties There may be other campaigns that are experiencing the same kinds of problems. So we did all of that We organized our activities into three main buckets. So basic cyber security that makes sense turn on two-factor great Another one is not so intuitive which is around counterintelligence. And so the world is a very Interesting and scary place these days and so we're concerned about people showing up to volunteer for campaigns Who may not have the best of intentions? And even recruiting that would normally take place in person in the United States face-to-face in a bar You've seen the Americans that kind of thing But we're also concerned about Relationships that get spun up via Facebook and LinkedIn and things along those lines The third bucket is the one that you're here to hear more about Which is disinformation and so we started off last cycle with Inviting the social media companies to come in and talk to the campaigns and to the state parties But we really needed to supersize that For for the selection cycle. So that's what we're doing And we've brought on new staff and we're working on training and I'll talk a little bit more about that later so again, why would Bob bother to come out here and Video tape himself reading his emails for a couple of hours and you know a few things that I wanted to do One of the things I wanted to do is is show you a different kind of deep fakes So, you know, I saw people kind of nodding in agreement with what Tom fake Tom was saying because these sound like good things That we should be telling state parties and campaigns, but this wasn't especially funny Although it might be funny to have you know senior executive try to Skype in we had audio problems like that's a normal thing But really this wasn't that funny or dramatic. So this wasn't You know an impersonation of one Hollywood celebrity on top of another one This wasn't Jordan Peele being Obama. Those are funny This was different and this is the kind of thing that I'm much more worried about Which is not the big dramatic things of major candidates saying things But other people whose voices you may not know whose backgrounds you may not know And where you may find it very difficult to really put together the historical context to know that person would not have said that thing You don't know Tom's background You might know a little bit But you probably don't know enough about him to be able to immediately judge the kinds of things that he would or would not do Or say so this is kind of a this is a problem So the other thing is I wanted to be able to put myself out here in this awkward way to meet some of you So I need to be able to establish a link with the rest of the community that you all represent So I'm not a machine learning expert. I'm not an AI expert. I'm not a Sociologist or an ethicist, but there are people who full fulfill all of those functions here in this room And part of I think the thing that the real Tom wanted me to do is not just work to nudge People to turn on two-factor But I think he wanted us to be able to build much richer bridges with with the research and hacker communities So that's a part of why I'm up here And so I hope that we can begin a dialogue that will help us take information that you have that I do not and be able to Take that back to campaigns and candidates and to try to keep our elections safe. So I'm pretty pretty nervous about the 2020 elections. We we've seen a lot of little deep fakes here and there And I suspect it's not going to surprise you to say that I'm worried that things are going to get far far worse and far For far more nuanced And here's the other thing, you know, if you're studying the the world of ethics, you know It occurs to me that there are a lot of people doing a lot of really fun stuff with deep fakes I was watching a whole bunch last night and some of them are genuinely very funny and clever and disturbing and You know, I wonder to what degree creating and distributing these fun videos actually creates you know a second-order effect which Degrades the ability for people to tell what's real or maybe even it may cause them to not try to figure it out it may also cause them to Really start to distrust everything and so when they start to see real media if it doesn't agree with their existing Belief systems they may decide to simply tag it as fake news and inappropriately So I'm certainly not going to be the guy to get up here and say never do deep fakes But it's a question. It's an open question to what degree each of us plays a role in Creating an environment that can then be used by people with bad intentions or not I also want to take a moment just to talk a little bit about The the larger context You know, I've heard a lot of people ask me like oh tell me about how scared you are of deep fakes and I you know, I talked to them a little bit about that and You know, it's sort of like When somebody comes to a security person and says can you talk to me about security? We're so happy that they come to talk to us about security that will just answer the question like yay somebody cares But I think that the there's a larger context here that we should really be thinking about and deep fakes are just one of the things That we worry about so we also worry about the shallow fakes or the cheap fakes, which many many people here are probably Up on but you know, we've already seen all sorts of examples in the wild that are not deep fakes But they're very disturbing cheap fakes. So we're talking about doctored political videos So some things you may have seen recently so the sunrise movement splicing of conversation with senator Feinstein anybody see that Probably everybody come on. You must have seen it. It was everywhere There's the CRTV splicing of video of an interview with representative Ocasio-Cortez Representative gets asserting that women and children receiving money in Guatemala were Honduran migrants being funded by George Soros This actually got traction Isolated clips of representative Omar saying some people did something without the larger proper context These are just editing Tricks so deceptively edited a video of representative Omar saying that she supported Profiling of white males. There's another one which is Doctored videos of speaker Pelosi appearing to slur her words every one. I mean you must have seen that right? Okay, so what what sort of technology did that take I mean it didn't take see-way to do this, right? It was just I mean it just it took somebody with with some very light editing video editing skills So I do want people to be concerned about the deep fakes I don't want them to have the sense of fatalism like there's nothing that we can do about this But I also want them to understand that there are a whole host of things that we actually are very concerned about And we're seeing far more of those take root today, so we can't just focus on one without the other And those of you who are studied psych will know this far better than I do but When we start to see something and believe it and attach the label of truth to it it becomes incredibly hard to unseat that and so a special videos especially Implicated in this kind of thing and and there's some counterintuitive things like the more that we try to convince people That it's fake The more they double down on their existing beliefs and this has been studied widely and it can be replicated in university studies So it's it's very difficult for us to know how to attack it if we simply tell somebody this is a deep fake It may not even if they kind of understand what we're talking about It may not actually change their minds in any meaningful way So we've got some real some real burdens with regard to cognitive biases that that we all have and I think the people who are playing these games are very well whether they're well well aware of them by name or whether they're simply Able to harness these powers to to create this disruption Doesn't really matter, but they're but that's what they're doing So, you know, I think the stuff is is kind of new and so we we get like I said fixated on the the world of The deep fakes, but I was I was doing some research the other day and I saw a reference to Active measures people who knows what active measures are Come on, you've all seen the Americans. Come on raise your hands. So this is You know the Soviet active measures programs led by the KGB and other parts of the organization in Russia were really quite Effective and so these active measures were well documented in the 80s And I was I was looking at a few things and I saw a footnote that's referenced something from 1982 And I was like there's no way they were talking about active measures and disinformation and and forgeries back in the 80s Or were they so I wouldn't actually found the Senate testimony or the House testimony that was that was referenced and it was a CIA Deputy director who is literally laying out exactly what we're seeing today So he was laying out the ways in which they do it. This is a high priority of the Politburo at the time He talked about the funding models he talked about the ways that they had prioritized various kinds of activities and the the terminology was exactly the same that we see today and the the the strategy was exactly the same and You could literally take out The words KGB and put in FSB or GRU take out the word Russia Soviet and put in Russia and the sentence just would hold up So this for me was was sort of remarkable I'd sort of known of this but then actually seeing page after page after page of testimony was was really key And then I saw the second half of this huge document There were dozens and dozens of pages that were all real-life examples of of Soviet forgeries So these were documents that were Fake letters from President Reagan to some diplomat and they were fake And so the CIA had compiled all of these and put them into their into their record So forgeries are really nothing new and I guess one of my concerns is not just the deep fakes And it's not just the cheap fakes But it's the fact that this is part of a larger strategy that can be used against us And it's been going on for a very very long time longer than many of you have been alive And so I think by focusing on the specific tactics We're doing ourselves a disservice because we're going to be victimized by these kinds of things again and again Because we don't understand this as part of a long game so this is a long con and it has a long horizon and people are willing to invest many millions of dollars and many great experts from many different fields to work against us and It's of course not just the Russians There are whole sorts of other intelligence agencies in various countries that are going to be Doing the same thing now that we know that these particular attacks can work So what kind of goals do they have? Classic age-old goals, so they they want to be able to reinforce people's existing biases so if you can If you can present the right news to the right people and Convince them to double down on their existing beliefs rather than to try to understand what other people are saying you're making a big impact If you try to drive a wedge into naturally occurring cracks in a society Then you're going to be able to you're going to be able to move the needle so anything around Immigration or abortion gun control the environment racism any of these things are great fodder for somebody who wants to actively work against us and of course When all else fails just create some chaos, you know put up a disinformation campaign that tells people to vote from home by SMS Like this was a real thing that we actually saw this in the midterms. There was another one which was called the no men midterms So this was a campaign that was aimed at getting men to set out the election and let the ladies take charge This was a real thing And so we actually had to work hard with the social media companies to find these and try to stamp them out Of course they were already out there So imagine using a deep fake for something like this having somebody in a position of authority say something like this Even when you go back and debunk it people are still going to remember it people remember the false story They don't remember the retraction so What would we like to see well one of the ways that we approach this is we currently think of these things as Disinformation campaigns as cyber security problems Yes, it's a content problem too. So it's a quality problem. There are elements of that But at the end of the day, this isn't about people being wrong or being misinformed This is about an active attacker who's trying to do something against us And so this looks enough like the world of cyber security that we really want to find ways to work with people to come up With the right frameworks to understand them. So we sometimes call these our kill chain They sometimes are called attacker life cycles But we need to find ways to define these so that we can work against them find ways to prevent them or detect them And to respond and recover So there's one that we found which is called aim it which is the adversarial Misinformation and influence tactics and techniques boy just rolls off the tongue So anyway, this is an example of somebody who's a group who sat down and they tried to figure out What are the major stages in an attack when it comes to disinformation? And that gives us as you know, we the defenders an opportunity to figure out what it is that we can do against that I think we need more guidelines on what is acceptable editing practices You know the media are very quick to put up things that that they find online But some of them are more clearly doctored than others. And so I think Coming up with acceptable editing practices is going to be a useful thing People in this room are probably able to help with this next one A great deal, which is that we need better ways of detecting these deep fakes But detecting them is not enough. I think we have to detect them quickly So that they can be part of the initial news story And not something that follows on the next day And the other thing is even harder Which is that we need to find ways to make sure that people believe them and they trust these results I don't know how we're going to do that But I'm going to look to many of the people in this room to help figure that out And of course we need the social media companies to continue to find ways to slow the spread of disinformation And to really recognize that they have a role in either Uplifting or or pushing down this information disinformation as they find it There's of course a role for government and And finding a way to To really build out their programs. I think that's going to be key It's not clear who's really in charge from the disinformation standpoint these days And so I think we need to figure out What their role is too and then of course with the media we would like them to keep Improving their ability of educating people.  I don't think there are a lot of deterrents So there's really no penalty for somebody who builds some of these things Maliciously and then spreads them around So why would they not do that if we tolerate it? When there are other kinds of Activities, especially when they're driven by an actual government We have techniques for holding them accountable for calling them out publicly for imposing economic sanctions There are all sorts of tools that that we have at our disposal We haven't really gotten to the point where we are able to hold people accountable and create those disincentives So that's those are some of the things that caused us to want to participate and to be here Today to learn from many of you and to help and give you the opportunity to see us as a possible partner in a way that we can Work together. So those are my prepared remarks and then if I don't know if we have time We can take a question or two. I think we have time for maybe two questions Does anyone have a question they would like to ask Bob? Yeah Yeah, so the question is was around The ethics of some of these these cheap fakes and labeling in particular So I think that there is somebody who's an ethicist coming up later today. I think I think that's right So I'm certainly not going to be able to speak as eloquently, but yeah labeling is a key thing So labeling something as known disinformation Seems like a key thing I would also want to hear from psychologists as to whether or not that creates a backfire effect Whether that actually has these unintended second consequences. So these are these are very good questions I would definitely like to make sure that anytime there is a A foreign government sponsored message that that's clearly labeled as coming from a foreign government that sometimes happens But not always So I think labeling is is probably very key But um, but I would want to hear from people who have actually studied not just the first order effects But the second order effects that's that's we're in new new territory here. So Definitely want to hear from some of those folks Right, so so the question is really around some of the other mechanisms, so I represent the dnc and so when I was talking about us I was um Somewhat talking about the democratic ecosystem, but I think largely as is sort of a proxy for the larger thing So um, uh, we don't have a lot of contact. I don't personally have a lot of contacts with the the folks at the rnc They they may have similar kinds of programs I just don't really know but the one thing I would also mention is that What we saw in 2016 were state sponsored attacks that had a certain flow to them What we're seeing now is that these playbooks are now Organically sprouting up in a lot of different places. And so there are americans who are taking some of these playbooks And and running with them too. So we've seen this this transition That's not to say that we don't worry about all of the other adversaries in cyberspace that we have We're definitely worried about them. They can definitely scale. They can definitely Be funded and they can definitely be Patient a lot of these activities take a long time to really terminate The one that the sea the kgb did in In the 80s One of one of the more impressive ones was one where they Planted a story. I think it was like in an indian newspaper or research paper or something like that And then they were able to wait and maybe nudge things a little bit here And then it started showing up in more mainstream newspapers and then eventually you can go find this online Dan rather is saying that there's concern that the cia may have been the originator of the aides virus With the with the goal of killing black people So this got from from that initial source all the way up So we definitely worry about the large nation states doing doing what nation states do against us But now we have the secondary problem where People are using that same playbook internally. So that's that's another set of headaches that we we have to worry about So unfortunately for time, uh, we won't be able to take another question. Uh, but okay bob. Thank you. Okay. Thank you


weapons coupled with the fighting skill of the American soldier stands ready on the alert all over the world to defend this country you the American people against aggression this is the big picture an official television report to the nation from the United States Army now to show you part of the big picture here is sergeant Stuart Queen today for the first time in history American military personnel are stationed on the soil of Great Britain in peacetime Americans and Britons are learning to live and work together the American soldier's primary duty here is to protect numerous air bases of the strategic air command today's big picture will tell you the story of their activities in safeguarding your freedom ten years ago the statue of Lord Nelson in London's Trafalgar Square looked down upon a scene of rejoicing American soldiers and British alike were celebrating the end of the most terrible war the world had ever seen the English people and their American allies could relax again after the relentless hammering that their fascist enemies had given them Britain began to clear up war's ruins and to plan rebuilding for peacetime pursuits the American soldier's job was done they had helped Europe to maintain her freedom when imperiled by totalitarian aggression now they were no longer needed they went back home to a land which their valor had kept free and untouched by war but these dreams of peace were rudely shattered by a new aggressor all over Europe agitators for communism tried to capture the minds of the people meanwhile Russia went ahead engulfing lands and peoples just as the Nazis had without resorting to open warfare the Soviet Union gobbled up one small nation after another until her forces encroached directly on the rest of Europe meanwhile in Washington DC in 1949 representatives from 11 of the free nations bordering the Atlantic assembled to form with the United States the North Atlantic Treaty Organization an alliance to protect human freedom against aggression within their area but on the other side of the globe communism was busy making a grab for South Korea once more the great tragedy of modern times was re-enacted simple inoffensive people were crushed by the juggernaut advance of a dictatorial power simply because they happen to be in the tyrant's path in the Orient as in Europe a ruthless and powerful force was sacrificing innocent human beings to its insatiable greed for international power once again as before within our troubled era peaceful people were sent forth as wanderers on the face of the earth the entire civilized world was deeply alarmed by this new threat to international peace the free nations mustered their troops to parry the latest blow of predatory communist aggression years of bitter fighting follow years in which the free nations gave liberally of their manpower and means a bold stand to preserve the liberty of a tiny eastern nation was the best warning that could be offered to communism that its greedy seizure of land and power would not be allowed to continue unchecked finally the aggressor was halted and a truce was signed upon one job yet men of goodwill felt that this truce was but a pause in the hostilities back in Europe the nations of the west still faced the same unpredictable fall watching always for that slight relaxation of defense which would enable him to enslave more people that is why britain age-old champion of freedom and self-government has taken the peacetime step of permitting another nation to build maintain and staff air bases within her borders thus today american and british flags fly side by side all over england and throughout her landscape are scattered our battery billets here army installations staff by soldiers from every state in the union are located for the protection of the activities of the united states strategic air command here in the midst of britain are commissaries that sell every type of american goods like a small department store back home soldiers and their wives go there to shop for whatever a family needs even school buses full of american kids the children of both officers and nco's are now an established feature of british life born off by bus to a strictly american education these children have the additional advantage of learning of foreign countries waves but somehow in spite of everything they remain as american as the kids you know in the next block these kids fathers go to school here too to gunnery school where they learn how to operate the most recent type of anti aircraft gun instructors break down for these rookie gunners the scores of highly involved techniques and practices that must all coordinate and run like clockwork before gunners can hit a target typical of the installations maintained and staffed by us forces is barefoot air base at this b-47 jet bomber base a simulated alert has just been sounding and the post is a hive of activity as each man makes for the truck quonset huts are emptied fast while crews turn out on the double a 24-hour alert is maintained at every airfield and the men expect to be rooted out at any time to protect the base things move fast in these days of highly mobile armies the object is to get there before your opponent no time is lost on the road getting from quarters to the gun installations guns are located at strategic spots around the airfield each crew makes a beeline for its particular gun one of the automatic 75 millimeter sky sweepers which cover the b-47s runways here is a new weapon a grim threat to any enemy sky sweepers can locate and train on a hostile plane a full 15 miles away can hit a target at four miles running a sky sweeper is a complicated operation demanding the close coordination of a number of interlocking units first comes the radar unit continually scanning the skies radar reacts and notifies the gunners of the faintest sign of a distant plane approaching rain or shine clear or cloudy reliable radar sees right through all weather conditions next comes the computer crew their roving periscope latches onto any air target within sight then power controls direct the gun off to one side another observer has his eye peeled the target selector is on the watch along with the other two units other men behind the gun include those who maintain telephonic communication between the various units only in this way can they function smoothly together with each unit playing its part in the total operation of winging an enemy plane when a gun points to a target every member of the team works together as one under the supervision of the crew sergeant it is the sergeant's job to oversee the entire operation and make sure that everything adds up to a hit all these units mesh like well oiled gears catching sight of an enemy plane approaching the whole gun swings around on the target today when the b-47s go down the runway they can feel they are securely covered by the newest kind of a a gun man by picked trained personnel a practice alert is a tense ordeal which helps work up quite an appetite cooks with cans of chow or a welcome sight hungry men don't lose any time in getting into that chow line the american army takes deserved pride in the fact that its soldiers are the best fate in the world our soldiers get a balanced ration more scientifically planned than the diet of most of our civilians and all those calories and vitamins go down well back on the post muscles and nerves grown stiff and rigid during an alert are soon put into condition with a few calisthenics keeping the soldiers fit as a full-time job just as important as feeding them and special instructors devote their energy to doing this at regular intervals mind as well as body needs exercise that's why england's famed universities have worked out an arrangement through our university of maryland whereby american soldiers may avail themselves of the privilege of attending oxford or kimbridge during off-duty hours soldiers find that british colleges are much more formal than ours are professors over here dress in academic robes the way our own scholars dress only at commencement exercises many an american soldier has had his educational horizons widened by this introduction to old world culture so popular are these courses that there is a long waiting list for admission but it is at the traditional games that americans get perhaps their deepest insight into the british national character this game of rugby for runner of american football as played at oxford is the training ground of british courage the source of the famous phrase playing the game this tradition of sportsmanship exemplifies as well as any of the customs which our two nations shared why britain and the united states stand solidly together for the principles of fair play the english-speaking nations have always felt that good sportsmanship is one of their basic principles the important thing is not just to win but to win by fair means but life at an english university is neither all games nor all study the lighter side of things has its place and our men like english undergraduates for the last four or five hundred years occasionally put aside their books and take a holiday from the academic grind soldier students follow the british pattern of a relaxed row on the temps or the camp or some other of england's many beautiful rivers the english universities are happily situated for taking such a pleasure john during the college vacations to paddle on any of these lovely streams is to feel yourself full of that gentle beauty which has inspired so many english poets to penny mortal verse not many of our soldiers go in for poetry but all respond to beautiful scenery for england is full of scenes made famous in song and history and our soldiers when on leave take a change of pace and eagerly absorb an atmosphere as different as possible from the job of guarding air bases no one who has ever seen the english countryside can forget it the peaceful gently rolling green hills the cozy old-fashioned cottages like something in a child's storybook or on a christmas car far off windsor castle remember it as the home of queen victoria city as well as country has much to say to soldiers on tour they get to note trafalgar square center of the city of london the square got its name from a great naval victory in the war against napoleon over a hundred years ago another vast conflict in which england fought against a dictator aiming at world conquest but few give thought to how the square got its name in the pleasure of strolling and enjoying the diversions of the british public britain's are more relaxed than we are and their life sometimes seems much less high pressured than ours but visiting with pigeons and people is as good a way as any to get next to this nation's placid manner of enjoying itself you learn over here how to respond to the simple things many a soldier brings back to his homeland from such quiet and undramatic moments as this a riper knowledge of the mutual understanding that binds two great nations together famous the world over is westminster abbey resting place of england's honor dead for many centuries even the slightest acquaintance with english history and literature makes a trip to the abbey an awesome moment within the visitors thrilled to the busts of distinguished men whose great writings and deeds have become household words wherever english is spoken in the abbey is a bust of milton a statue of the immortal shakespeare along the river tems in london the soldiers glimpse one of the most famous vistas in the world those gothic towers known everywhere as the houses of parliament they are told that here is where representative government started for britain's were the first people of modern times to rule themselves here also stands a great clock the famed big bend its tower dominating the scene big bend has become world famous as a kind of international symbol for the city of london a glance at parliament in session tells the visitors where america got some of her ideas on representative government and on parliament's wall a mural of the signing of the magnet carter lingers in our visitors memories as they walk away for this ancient episode foreshadowed america's much later declaration of independence it's exciting to stroll here realizing that you are in the center of the british commonwealth of nations a group of nations all over the globe held together by mutual consent this is their capital this entire district called west minster is the hub of the british commonwealth and the visitors don't intend to miss any of its points of interest everybody has heard of number 10 downing street official residents of the prime minister a house world famous as the living quarters of such great statesmen as disraeli loy george and winston church no serious visitor to london has ever missed a glance at this famous unpretentious door at which kings and presidents have paid their respects another must among london residences is buckingham palace traditional home of britain's king and queen for generations for all their love of self-government the english people still deeply cherished the traditions of royal pop and ceremony soldiers on guard duty dresses they did a hundred years ago all of which is something of a novelty to today's quietly clad american soldiers but however theatrical they may consider british dress uniforms to be americans somehow never failed to get a kick out of them and to send the folks a picture a spectacle you're lucky to catch is one of those royal appearances the british turnout for these affairs in great numbers they revere their royal family deeply considering it the embodiment of england's many centuries as a leading european power britain's queen is still one of the eminent personages in today's world a great lady ruling a great land it's a fine town london and there are a host of things to be seen in it but every once in a while a man has to slow down and take a breather and maybe think over some of the myriad impressions that have been crowding in on him history literature royalty they're all here contained within a few square miles and you will take these impressions back to the post and back home and remember them all the rest of your life another bit of pageantry that our boys respond to is the changing of the guard at west minster one of the most famous military rituals in the world and one which no visitor wants to miss here again britain's appear in the colorful uniforms of another century with all the stateliness of the historic past guardsmen are used to being stared at some say they like it modern soldiers functioning in today's mechanized world find no military significance in this elaborate ceremony but it's still a swell show something like a parade back home to american eyes the english will tell you that these brilliantly clad troops and their time honored passing to and pro before an admiring public are the official guard of the british king and queen the changing of the guard is one of the paradoxes of britain it has all pomp and dignity of military display yet it is carried out entirely for peaceful purposes to the delight of a free and democratic nation but british life isn't all tradition and ceremony strolling about the soldiers are told that london continues to be one of the world's great banking centers it's a shopping center too where the streets radiate out from piccadilly circus the name this public square was given by the ancient roman's many centuries ago no trip to london is complete without a look at some of those internationally famous british shops each with its own particular specialty now is a fine time to inspect some of the products which britain advertises the world over whose quality and reliability make every man want to possess them soldiers find that british salespeople are more impersonal and less high pressure than ours but in their quiet way they give you service as impeccable as their merchandise you also find the famous london motor buses are as good as they're cracked up to be safe in operation courteously run the conductors on these vehicles are glad to tip you off about points of interest and they'll tell you not to miss seeing london after dark when you watch the crowds gathering in downtown london at night you see the world's largest city at play it's a cosmopolitan town like new york or san francisco and the evening skies are brightened by neon signs advertising all manner of things the signs may not be as big as ours but the atmosphere is relaxed and friendly but while those on lee vacation and absorb english ways men back on such posts as millden hall are fully occupied the army chemical company uses this inactive british airbase as a training ground for practice alerts the chemical company's job is to lay a smoke screen to hide vital points in an air base from enemy bombers they take off of the base in jeeps hauling their smoke producing equipment along with them the smoke generators are mounted on one quarter ton trailers towed by the jeeps during an alert exercise the vehicles move out to predetermine spots on the perimeter of the runway get set up and start to generate a smoke that will envelop it within a few minutes of the alert the entire field can be covered by this smoke screen production of smoke on short order is one of chemistry's contributions to air defense strategically located generators going full force can obscure a target nearly as efficiently as the famous english fog the advantage of a mobile unit is that if the wind changes and blows the smoke away the unit can run to the other side of the field and there lay a new screen a chemical company in action turns a landscape into a scene from don't is inferno in a slight matter of minutes these scenes photograph from the air show how the enemy bombers target may be obscured by one of these smoke screens going full blast northwest of london is yet another link in our chain of air defense bushy hall headquarters of the 32nd aaa brigade located on a narrow strip of land between a golf course and a british boys school it's just a step from bushy hall military reservation to the fence that separates it from this prep school over the barrier you can often see a soccer game in progress soccer reminds the viewer of that famous remark of the duke of wellington that britain's wars are one on the playing fields of england meaning that games like these train english boys to grow up into adults who won't submit to defeat you may have heard that british games are quieter than ours but a look at them will convince you that these kids play just as enthusiastically and earnestly as our own kids do near the 32nd brigade's headquarters is wayburn a british range on an aught sea which we share with them here to keep gunners in fighting trim a new devices recently been introduced when guns at wayburn sweep the skies they are sighting a target that looks like the real thing this is the radio controlled aerial target called by gunners the rcat a model gasoline engine plane 12 feet long so built as to be dropped by parachute when hit by a gunfire the rcat takes off from a long ramp from which it will rapidly zoom skyward to target position the rcat's flight is under electrical control from now on this officer's job is to send the flying target in any and every direction simulating the evasive course that an enemy plane would take in an attack it's up to the captain to give these gunners a tough target to hit now the men behind the gun get a chance to show what those long weeks of training have done for them they're coming closer plummets the rcat from the skies a grim indication of the fate any invading plane will meet saved by their parachutes our cats are repaired for use again once one is down another takes to the sky to keep the crew jumping again a direct hit and the gunners take a bow today quonset huts like these dot the landscape from one end of england to the other and britain's going about their daily tasks may at any time hear an alert and see troops from a friendly nation hastening off to an airbase to blaze away at a target all this is something which no Englishman would have believed possible 20 years ago now it is an everyday occurrence throughout the british isles for the two great english speaking nations are once more standing together to uphold the security of free men on many a windswept english field today american soldiers are cooperating with the british knowing that our aim is the same as theirs to stand ready to defend the peace in these perilous days when an aggressor may strike from the skies without warning that is why american soldiers train in british fields today for our nation has come to realize that america's first line of defense is no longer her coastline but anywhere in the world where human freedom may be imperiled an american soldier has brought back from great britain a better mutual understanding between our nation and theirs but the most vital aspect of the two nations cooperation is that it maintains an ever vigilant defense of government by the vote of the people against the continuing threat of communist encroachment now there's a sergeant stewart queen inviting you to be with us again next week when we will present another look at the big picture the big picture is a weekly television report to the nation on the activities of the army at home and overseas produced by the signal core pictorial center presented by the u.s army in cooperation with this station you can be an important part of the big picture you can proudly serve with the best equipped the best trained the best fighting team in the world today the united states army