Saya ingin berterima kasih kepada semua orang untuk ke bawah. Saya tahu ia berada di luar, tapi terima kasih kerana menerima perjalanan untuk ke bawah. Dan semoga apa yang kita dapat hari ini hari ini akan menjadi perjalanan untuk kamu semua. Jadi saya akan memilih diri saya, saya Si Hao. Saya bekerja dengan O.M.G. Jadi hari ini saya akan menjadi host. Dan host saya sebenarnya adalah di belakang, Shamin, yang akan membantu kita nanti dengan pertanyaan atau apa-apa saja. Jadi ini adalah pertanyaan, sebuah pertanyaan. Semua orang di sini pernah menggunakan masin laser sebelum ini. Saya hanya ingin mendapat beberapa perjalanan. Jadi mungkin sebaiknya sebaiknya. Dalam sebaiknya sebaiknya, siapa-siapa sebenarnya membuat masin laser sendiri? Atau mempunyai masin laser sendiri? Okey, tidak ada siapa-siapa. Baiklah, baiklah, baiklah. Kerana ini sebenarnya konten hari ini. Ini berbentuk... ...tidak akan menjadi sebuah teknik. Jadi untuk orang-orang yang pernah bermain dalam teknologi ini, kamu akan dapat tahu bahawa... ...tidak akan menjadi sebaik-baiknya. Ini baru untuk saya juga. Jadi semoga saya dapat belajar dengan kamu semua. Dan... ...pada malam ini, nama dia Kiri. Ini nama yang berlaku. Dan dia adalah penyelamatkan... ...masin laser dan penyelamatkan. Jadi apa yang kamu lihat di depan kamu, adalah sesuatu yang dia dan kakak telah membuat bersama. Sebenarnya, tidak ada sebuah besar CPU... ...yang tidak ada di komputer ini. Baiklah, saya akan menjelaskan. Saya tidak mahu terlalu banyak. Saya tidak mahu terlalu banyak. Saya rasa kita akan menghubungkan perkembangan. Terima kasih. Hai. Saya adalah penyelamatkan kakak. Saya adalah Tan. Kenapa saya ada penyelamatkan? Sebab saya masih bergerak... ...dalam Air Force. Saya berada di Air Force 16. Saya seorang penyelamatkan perkembangan... ...yang berada di belakang. Dan juga, seorang penyelamat. Sekarang... ...saya bergerak... ...dengan sistem penyelamatkan. Jadi, apa yang saya lakukan... ...dalam sana adalah membuat penyelamatkan. Jadi, pertanyaan yang penting... ...di sini adalah... ...apa yang saya lakukan. Pada masa yang terakhir... ...saya meletakkan penyelamatkan... ...dalam tahun 1999... ...semasa saya berada di Singapura. Jadi, sebab sebab saya berada di sini... ...saya boleh tanya. Jadi... ...saya hanya mendapat tiga perkara. Pertama, saya berada di sini... ...untuk berkongsi. Pertama, jika saya berada di sini... ...saya berada di sini untuk menginsipkan. Terakhir, saya berada di sini untuk menginsipkan penyelamatkan. Untuk menginsipkan penyelamatkan. Kenapa untuk menginsipkan penyelamatkan? Saya rasa tidak... ...beri sebuah ceritanya... ...tapi yang penting di sini adalah... ...kongsi saya dengan... ...berapa penyelamatkan... ...yang menggabungkan tempatan... ...di dalam masyarakat. Dan sebab itu... ...saya mencari... ...berada di sini untuk menginsipkan... ...semasa saya berada di Singapura... ...untuk menginsipkan penyelamatkan... ...dalam proses penyelamatkan. Jadi, itu adalah perkara. Jadi... ...sebab saya berada di sini... ...awak ingin berbincang... ...dan bercakap lebih tentang... ...kongsi saya dan... ...kongsi saya dan kenapa saya meminta maaf. Sebenarnya, bagian ini... ...saya ada di sini... ...dengan researchers. Saya sangat gembira dengan baju ini. Jadi... ...bukan terlalu banyak dalam bagi detik... ...sama di belakang saya... ...saya akan memahamikan satu idea. Jadi... ...DIY CO2 Laser, ...sebagai video-video ini yang sudah digunakan... ...pTERIN copiasi... ...dan bagaimana mempunyai extrem yang memiru. Kenapa saya mahu beritahu tentang perkara ini? Kerana saya rasa ini membawa kemungkinan yang paling berharga kepada pengalaman. Kerana sehingga saya tidak berpengalaman, CO2 laser adalah salah satu perkara yang paling berharga dengan pengalaman. Jadi, tanpa lakukannya, saya hanya akan masuk ke perkara ini. Sebelum itu, saya akan membuat tiga pengalaman ini. Pertama, informasi di sini tidak perlu dikatakan untuk semua pengalaman di sini. Ada banyak pengalaman. Saya tidak dapat dikatakan untuk semua orang. Jadi, jika anda menemukan dua pengalaman, tolong beritahu saya. Kita hanya akan berhenti dan menjelaskan apa yang saya beritahu. Dan bagi yang menemukan terlalu mudah atau terlalu ramai, tolong beritahu saya. Kerana kami cuba beritahu kepada pengalaman yang paling rendah untuk semua orang menjelaskan di sini. Pertama, pengalaman kedua. Pertama, di sini adalah bahawa ini bukan pengalaman yang paling berharga. Saya tidak percaya dalam belajar. Saya percaya dalam belajar dan berkongsi. Jadi, sehingga saya berpengalaman di sini, saya adalah pengalaman. Dan semua orang di sini saya belajar. Jadi, di sini saya berkongsi bahawa pengalaman yang saya mempunyai pada projek ini. Pertama, pengalaman terakhir saya mahu beritahu. Ada banyak informasi di sini yang digunakan. Dalam rancangan saya. Kenapa saya berkata begitu? Kerana dalam proses ini, percayakan saya, saya terkejut. Saya terkejut, saya dapur, dan sebagainya. Dan saya selalu percaya dalam menjelaskan diri saya, supaya orang lain akan menjelaskan saya. Dan kemudian, sehingga saya akan menjelaskan, quite a fair bit of safety points. Just take note, those are no doubt, and it's really a true personal experience. If not, I'll just continue. Just a quick scope, not about you. Generally, all I'm trying to show here is that I tried to put this presentation in a very logical flow, such that it goes through the theory. Before we go to the more advanced topic followed by all the administration in terms of safety regulations. After that, we try to end it with a practical demonstration, but I'm not going to fire a laser, because again, regulations. But I will open up the laser cutter for you guys to take a look-see, so that you guys can comprehend exactly what we have been talking about and how to see it in action. Last but not least, go through the Q&A session. You can see that, for the 19 minutes that I have today, there's no way I can cover every single aspect of this laser cutter and pet you guys confidently embark on a journey. Can you go fullscreen? Yes, fullscreen. Sorry, this is PDR, so it's ready. First of all, I'll open in the browser. You can see it open in the fullscreen. Is it? Yes. I'm in the menu. Can you try? No, it doesn't have that. Okay, wait a minute. If you're forcing it, I'll just go to those there. So generally, I believe that you take at least three more sessions of this for you to embark on the full journey of having your ability to DIY your own CO2 laser cutter and be proficient enough to conduct laser cutting. But just for today's purpose, just on the introduction of DIY to CO2 laser, the automatic learning objective down here is just to give you a basic understanding of what is needed before you embark on this project. I think it will be difficult. Oh, okay. Yes, that's the best. Sorry about that. Solve my limitation. Okay, very first topic before we go into the details, so you can ask yourself what can you do? I mean, this cater for those who are just running into a CO2 laser cutter. So generally, laser cutter does 2D cutting or engraving on basically organic material. So what do you mean by organic material? So it's about wood, leather, plastic, fabric, paper, etc. So what are the types of projects that you can embark on CO2 laser? So what I show down there is what I built for Make a Fact. You can see there's a DIY arching machine on the left. Some trinkets in the middle and then some small kind of smartphone boombox on the right. So basically, the probability is endless. You can build a phone or something as we come to the more advanced stage when you guys really are doing laser cutting, then we can go to more details of what the techniques for building all these projects. Okay, I know it's a bit boring for this but I think it's good to have some basic understanding. This is just a very quick laser theory. It's a quickie. Let's talk about laser. So laser generally, there's 2 medium gashes, which is CO2 or solid. So the solid state laser, I'll talk about the common ones, is the YAC laser which is in the 1.06 micron. So what's the difference between CO2 and the solid state? So you can see the wavelength for CO2 is different from the foremost. And as a result of the difference in wavelength, the absorption by the materials also varies. So you can see that CO2 is actually good for organic material whereas YAC laser is in fact mainly for metals and it's actually not absorbed by most organic material. Therefore YAC laser generally are limited to industrial use. You don't find common at all for DRYs but just you know both of them are invisible. So there lies a bit of safety issues which I'll emphasise later. Some of the common ones easily accessible are the diode laser, generally UV for the most part in the 443 nanometer. This however is visible it just blue light basically and they are generally for engraving and cutting non-reflective surfaces. Just think about it, UV laser is basically in the visible range. So if a mirror can reflect visible light so it means that you cannot cut mirrors you cannot cut white colour paper and whatnot. So these are some of the limitation.  Just continue on. So the quick comparison CO2 laser in general is much more widely used because it is more versatile and also piece of this is lower cost. As I mentioned, generally are for industries that deal specifically for metacartic. Diode laser, I'll talk about it. There's a lot of advertisement telling you and also instructable how to add the UV laser model onto your 3D printers and you can start cutting things right away. But it's not that powerful. The capability is very limited as I explained in the later part in pictures. It's much more expensive than CO2 laser. If I may, I give you a quick comparison. 2W laser diode will cost you about $100 just for one model excluding the other system. CO2, together with power supplies at $41 will cost you about $200. So you don't matter. 40W, $200 2W, $100 Therefore vis-à-vis CO2 laser is much cheaper. There's a bunch of power ingress in the CO2 ranging from low 20W but what I'm preaching here is that 40W is the minimum for any useful cutting. 20W, though they sell, they are very compact very small. They are generally for engraving purposes only. When talking about cutting they are cutting about 1mm thickness that is not really useful for any projects. This is some of the examples. What you see on the left here is what I built for Maker Faire also using the UV laser you can see is blue. In fact, this is a laser module mounted on a 3D printer. So this is a 3D printer slash laser cutter On the right is my 40W CO2 laser cutter and much more which I will not explain. So again, all these are built by me for Maker Faire. Just before I continue anybody any question on the theory 101? If not, I'll just continue. So the main component of the CO2 laser cutter try to be as layman jaring foaming modules. The first one is the CO2 laser cutter module. Generally, that module will be responsible to create the IR laser energy for you to do the necessary cutting. So that is module number 1. Module number 2 is the mechanical portion of the module. Generally responsible for the XY axis or Z axis movement to do your CMC cutting. Control module basically is a control of the brain and the necessary driver for the motors and the one that is responsible to give the laser signal as in to turn on or to turn off the laser. This is important because that determines whether or not you can do laser cutting because on laser there is just cutting everything so it doesn't happen. The support module like say the CO2 laser is like an animal. It need to breathe, it need to drink, it need to fart. So air, water, exhaust. All these things you talk about in which I will cover in detail. It just kind of broad design layout for physical laser color. So we have a laser tube infarate energy come as a beam projected at the front. In the typical common layout is a tree mirror setup. First mirror will also to the second mirror. The second mirror and third mirror actually align on the single axis that will move up and down. And then the third mirror incorporated into the cutting head. In this phase the third mirror part of the cutting head will move in the axis. So now you can see it, move up and down and then go left and right. So as a result, now you have cnz pattern. So this is a very typical common layout you can find on eBay, Alibaba or Taobao. But then again clearly I'll try to break that down into two parts. Consumables and non-consumables. The reason why I will try to bring this off because I need you to understand that still too laser cutter when you build one is not that permanently. There are parts that is just like changing a layout.  So this will add on to the cost. So when you embark on this project you need to know that it is not a one time cost. So you need to pay the premium for using a CO2 laser. So for the consumers the CO2 laser tubes where the air source come from this have about 5,000 to 10,000 hours lifespan. Again depends on how well you may take just a live out. It may or may not go by that. Sometime it can open much later. The other consumables are the first mirror, second mirror and third mirror of course. These mirrors will just pass this around. Generally you can see that the one I have in my hand is a bit blurred because it's consumable. So it's already run out of light so I've got to change it. So just pass it around. So again these mirrors actually quite cheap. How often you need to change it about 6 months and also depends on how well you can because if there is dirt oil or what so ever from the exhaust and things that just stick on the mirrors it actually do not keep and actually doesn't help you to speed so the thing will actually damage. The last part of the consumable is actually the length. So you guys are kids to go down to the sun and try to burn something same thing. The beam coming out of this tube initially is not focused. Generally they are looking about 1cm in diameter. The cutting power is not there. So what turns that IR energy into a focus beam that actually can cut through material various focal length depends on need whether you want to do a shallow cut deep cut or what so ever. For now just know that there is coming call focal length. The focal length looks something like this again is a consumable so you can see there is a bit of scarring so it means that this thing actually is a van of light this thing cost about 20 USD So that's for the consumables.  In addition to providing the power to the laser tube provide the control interface. The control interface generally consist of 3 function. First one to turn on or turn off the laser. So which means that your signal from the controller go into the power unit and that will turn on or off the laser power unit. Number one, number two, that's the safety switch.   Lastly is the test function. The test function means that regardless of whether or not this thing is connected to the computer or whatsoever I just need to test to see whether everything is turn on. I just press power of the power of the laser tube and it will just start firing without the need to plug into your computer. So that's for the power slide. If not the first, second and third mirror requires a melting. So the melting itself dept will not need to change. They are just solid piece of metal which are actually Last thing is the cutting head which is actually the subject that hold the lens and the mirror and the last portion of the laser system that channel the IR energy of the work piece. Okay, rather than using words I would rather use pictures. For the actual top left this is the power unit the red color is where the high voltage output is. The lens of which I will pass and I will look something like this. The laser tube and these are the first mirror, second mirror and the laser cutting head. So it kind of like a microscope with the focal length. Okay, so far we have talked about the laser module. We need cover one. The router module generally is a mechanical module that actually doing all the movement. So no difference from your 3D printer. Anybody here do 3D printer or do your DIY for your 3D printer? It can't be anyone. Okay, if I use two telekaten again please stop me not much of science yet. Typical 3D printer setup, Nima Moto. Nima 17 is great now. We are not dealing with very heavy equipment so the laser cutting out of this is light enough for Nima 17 to move around. Typical 3D switch, you can see this 3D printer switch. G2 bell no surprise, all these are 3D parts. The linear rails basically the guide to guide the X or Y axis up to you. Based on your comfort level your price range your desired accuracy at one hour. So you can go to the high end or the low end.  I don't know. So that's the main thing. Otherwise, generally for the 3D printer setup you need to have parallel Y axis so what do you mean by parallel Y axis? So generally parallel Y axis means that you will have 2 Nima Moto that is powering the Y axis printer together so 3D printer setup we have 1 Nima Moto that powering the Y axis The reason for that is the cutting area for 3D printer is small so you do need to have that kind of alignment issue but for laser cutter generally you need to have about A3 size cutting area so that actually represents significant width that if you do not parallel Y axis the Y axis will just move around and again, what I mean is the laser will just shoot over there and that is not good so that is the second model so now for the third model so I try to keep it simple to be again, no stranger RAM 1.4 using the Arduino the Mega 2.0 set up Why I use this as far as achievers so I try not to use something fancy but I need to keep the cost low so that it becomes something in DIY because the premium doing it yourself diminishes as a cost of DIY so it will not make sense if I use all that sense one stepper drivers I say you all try because it depends on what Nima model you use because using Nima 17 for 3D printer dan the typical stepper drivers for 3D printer but in my case, I just demonstrate to you I will be using a bigger one because I wanted to have more juice on Y axis because in my setup it's much heavier so your 3D printer setup will not work the output signal you have a few options if I pin and you use a fan out you can use an extruder all these you can find online don't really have to do some or fancy programming because the moment you use firmware on it here it will actually have a drop down menu for you to select which one you want to use then you just use it other hand, the quantum model you need power supply or power supply I recommend the power controller to be at least greater than 8M what I say 8M you just do a map is assuming that each Nima model takes 1.5M 4.5M subsequently you need an exhaust fan you need a water pump the controller desam to just add on 8M the minimum you need coming up to the last module like I say the CO2 laser cutter is like an animal you need to breathe you need to drink and then we'll talk about being to air pump why do I need that if you guys have just remote your childhood playing with the games using an example so when you start to focus the beam on you can see it's a cat fire so now just imagine this happening on your work piece do you want your piece to cat fire yes laser cutter is supposed to cut through the work piece but you're not supposed to make it cash fire so what happen here is that the air pump pressure generally as well 50 to 100 psi to try to force both the fumes to exhaust and the fumes to be away from work piece so that at the end of the day once you have a final product you will not have burn marks if not there will be tons of burn marks later I can show you some example of my tour workmanship then you'll see a bit of burn marks those will be if you don't do it well the burn marks will be much worse so that is generally the first use of lap out the second use is actually the lens so now just imagine that now again using magnifying glass you start to burn from the burn but now you just get it too close so you get too close the fire is there and you get what all the shoot and all the flame or whatever you start burning onto the lens and the lens is not going to last very long and if there is any dirt or oil or stains from the lens no one will survive so another use of the f-arm is actually to preserve the light in the lens second support module water cooling system this is extremely extremely critical to the laser tube you can see the laser tube is made of glass heat is going to get out directly in the laser tube without sufficient cooling the tube is on crack and you just lost about 2 hours so but do you simple 12v water pump those are using your fish tank that will work the only thing that I appreciate is that try to have at least 1 liter of water to absorb the heat because if not the heat is going to be out so fast get the efficiency of your laser cutting the the laser tube itself it needs to be kept at a suitable temperature generally once you go past 50 degrees Celsius the efficiency drop almost 50% so if you want a consistent cutting the worst thing you want to do is try to have an intricate project think about 10 minutes cut and then the last thing you'll find out is hey, how come half of my project is not being cut to or the cutting is not even 12% and then make sure you have sufficient cooling and sufficient water as a brain system as of what you need to point inside tap water is fine some people prefer to put this in water someone put cooler without the function the only thing about tap water is that you need to change about 2 weeks especially in summer okay, last part of the support module broadly really it's a must for your health sake trust me, i'll put myself in that position so you need generally your typical fence will work just as well but please use at least a 3M don't use those by 1.5M no, it's not going to suck out anything so you need about 3M to get power to go out the exhaust if you don't care about your neighbors just study up the window somebody has come in if not, if you are as well want to go as needed then i'll just put the exhaust filter so my exhaust filters consist of activated carbon to get rid of the daily chemical and then the HGPA filter stores the use of aircon vacuum cleaner those will give up majority of the exhaust the actual design don't worry about that, we'll come to the next session the idea here again, i recap is to just a introduction what is needed from you to take on this journey okay, we have talked about the 4 modules so let's talk about the design so now how to take those 4 modules that we kind of want to and put it in the form of design before i go to any questions okay, if not 1 is not concentrated what size is not so generally the cutting area is really determined based on 2 things number 1 the project needs for this cutting so what is the size that is typically needed for you to cover a project just number 1 number 2, if you want to put it in your room how much will it save you that is the second project so once you determine that then you can determine what kind of cutting area then from there you can start to design so the then again, the size is not unlimited why i say that the still too laser like any light actually entering to distance so for every meter that you go so let's say i want to take the laser tube and point something down stream at your 5 meters you think you can cut anything no it doesn't so in fact the degration is so significant especially in a PSI 400 environment inside the laser cutter it is really not feasible to go beyond 80 size anything about the 80 size i think some of the guys they realised that the certain part of the wood piece simply just couldn't get cut and as inconsistency they just over design the cutting area for small litre, 4 to 1 laser tube so if you really need that kind of size in option A you get bigger laser tube which is 81 and then accept or you can design in such a way that the laser tube actually move together with the cutting area so as it is up to distance will always be maintained constant as one but it has its mechanical complexity 41 laser cutter generally 80 size it's a recommended size you can try more but you will just suffer the inconsistency of your 24 but you say that it's bigger than 80 size and my question is if you guys say we cut it twice only so to cut it again cutting it twice means that you need 2 thing you suffer time, obvious second is that do you have bigger water cooling system 2x so the short answer is you can can do a double cut, triple cut or triple cut if you want but each time the laser cut 1x there will be burn marks 1 pass, 1 burn mark 2 pass, 2 burn mark 3 pass, 4 burn mark and then the quality of the work piece will suffer any other question so generally the most common one is the 3 mirrors layout if you may so this is just what we went through laser tube 1st mirror, 2nd mirror, 3rd mirror allows for Y axis X axis Z axis doesn't really matter later i'll tell you what for the this is the most common layout you can have 2 mirrors layout this one 2 mirrors layout 2 mirrors layout you only have 1 mirror and the 2nd mirror on the cut edge so what it means is that the mirror actually the short cutting system move this way together with the 1st mirror and then the laser cut edge will move this way so what happen here is that you have all this area that is unusual so it is not space efficient at all but the good point is that amount of alignment issue that you have is lesser because there is one less alignment so that's the point so if those of you want to say maybe i don't want to start on the DIY so advanced yet i start something simpler you can expand it because i started this so there is to go down you can actually have a 1 mirror setup so what the hell is a 1 mirror setup so 1 mirror setup what it means is that the laser cube and the cutter head is actually an integrated component this is generally very common in very very large cutting area point W so what happen is that this entire module will just move along the whole factory floor cutting very big piece of plywood so that is generally for that or going to the other extreme this thing is stationary so what they have is a very small 3D printer kind of paper they are just moving below the laser cut edge so you either go extremely large or very small cutting area then a 1 mirror setup is the best option cost effective yet almost the point of no alignment problem you need to worry about so those are generally the 3 so now that i mention this what do you think is a 0 mirror yeah smart so the best put it in a vertical position just put a lens nobody has tried it but if you are even a big one then you can put out a kick starter sorry so for the 3D printer if you are seeing 2 mirrors or for the 3D printer i will go to 3D printer but let's say you are absolutely just want to cut at the same 21cm x 21cm and just quite a few quite a few things that you just move so but then again laser cutting something that is limited to 21cm x 21cm so not very useful but in fact there is commercial use for what is used is actually in the office place they do engraving on like big computer system so far we have just run through the kind of nuts and bolts of what put into a laser cutter so i will just go into a bit safety now but before i jump to safety i just want to know that any question if not just don't worry about missing the slide i will try to go to 1G to have this be available to everybody i am not taking a game going back to my interaction i am here to share this is the portion that i really really really need you guys to pay attention before and above ready to kill you i can see the high voltage again i am talking about 20,000V the laser the exhaust do not underestimate the toxicity of the exhaust okay let's talk about the first thing high voltage i cannot emphasise enough so if the wiring is not done properly spark will fly either the spark shock you or at minimally you will destroy all the electronics that you invested and for those who try to do the easy way or using add a little quick so bottom line is just don't do not do it i will show you how it is done the correct way or at least the safe way all these are learnt through blood my blood okay i will talk about the high voltage i will kill you i will emphasise again you will cause damage so not only does it cut or get it you will cut it it is not necessary just the laser any form of reflected source and i mean any form of reflected source it is going to cut you because you never know what is reflected so make sure no matter what your laser cutter is fully encased okay i see people that show on the internet having like exposed no lah again it is learnt through blood because we will talk about how i did the R energy generally does not escape the encasement because i will say any form of organic material actually absorb IR radiation so even acrylic organic material will absorb actually all of the laser source but which means that even if i have let's say transparent clear acrylic the IR energy is just a great house effect clear glass IR energy coming is not going to walk fast through so it will either burn itself through the acrylic which you can see or it just not going to get out so generally it is i collection in a encase system using all this tinted acrylic or where i collection is for the UV because at the point of the cutting the UV intensity is almost high so that will put it on so not only IR is going to cut you the UV source that come out of the cutting so make sure Zeta A you have this encased tinted placing for where the necessary IR protection just to protect yourself okay coming to the last one is the exhaust when it's cutting wood there is no difference from the PSI 400 situation that kind of health effect i do not need a doctor here to tell me again not so blood i think i have film to tell you that it's not fun at all second part is that if you are cutting plastic the film is cancelled and not just that there is a whole lot of other nasty tentacles in fact give you example PVC when you cut even if you have even if you have a damn good exhaust system it's going to destroy almost every single components inside of machine so i will not cut PVC using my CO2 if anybody want to cut plastic PVC okay this part i cannot skip this okay but i have to highlight just to give you the kind of understand you realize that the only regulation that govern CO2 laser or cast 4 laser is NEA but it sounds very funny so just to bring back i just read out a bit so the genesis of this regulation actually came about in the 90s when the Singapore start to industrialize so to protect the workers this regulation is set up to protect so that Singaporeans do not suffer industrial injuries without due form of control so many years down the road so those kind of loss of transition but then again the three type of license that's available that's so-called relevant to Singaporeans are the N1, N2, and N3 you can reserve that online but again the reason why i say it's a great area because it's meant for company who is dealing with manufacturing or selling but you got DIY i'm not too sure how you're going to tell you why so second N2 is for company ownership again so even if you want to own something i need to write down the form serial number of the machine what serial number is there lastly is for the workers that's going to work on them in that same form it requires you to put down the license number for N2 and again the serialized number of the machine which you do not have plus you're not a worker you're a DIY maker but in any case there's a very high light input people will try to force a survey to the square so if you still find yourself to cover yourself continue to go over here and apply license the cost the price is about $38 per license for 3 months and i think the denominator is 3 months, 6 months, 9 months, 1 year and 2 years so it's up to about $300 per license for 2 years what is the cost because they cost $33 and for 4th January means that it's harmful to even to the workers so the more you talk about CO2 automatically no need so i kind of talk about the regulation so far i think the question if not i'll just try to just get around and i'll just open up this machine it kind of run through exactly what we have been okay about when you say the laser the regulation is for established complete operating system the components in isolation so the regulation that you're creating but then again that could be because this whole episode is still in the gray area so again just i'll e-bike it was gray so when something happens then just i will just say keep it gray it always takes a bit effort to spoil the whole actually there will be some regulation to set in to control yes i agree i actually agree so i think those are definitely going to progress and the in the civil servant myself again i don't think we are so short-sighted i think there is still an understanding of the potential of such a if the question right now is where we draw the safety line and then find the best zone to help proceed quickly okay if not but you guys can gather around i'll just put few so so ya so so okay so it's an operation but i will not fight it okay so guys i just go through the 4 basic module so let's talk about the laser module laser module i'll talk about laser power supply down here the the power source itself what it does is provide high voltage supply high voltage supply will always come in the red color wire and it is integrated into the power supply so you don't have to buy anyone so it come a bit the red part is high voltage and the high voltage always goes to QN okay high voltage QN not the area high voltage QN the ground or the exhaust it actually go on this side what it has here is that all it does is that it basically give me a few controls muster on off i'll talk about it the test button i'll take a look so let's join the main function some if you want to do manual intensity control you can do that if not the controller can actually based on power sweep motivation how fast is on and off you can actually control the intensity so the manual knob volume knob okay so that's the power source the next thing is the laser tube it's hidden inside here so laser tube generally they are always come in a fixed dimension 700mm in length 5cm fixed period so between that we design and do all dimensioning you can assume that there is a dimension the only thing with the laser tube here is that i want to talk about some of the fragile point the fragile point consist of 2 parts you can see that this holding is really melt glass so which means that the contact point when you have the cathode and emote it's metal so how are you going to fit so some people will just crimp it directly onto the glass that's not a good idea when you crack the glass piece the CO2 will leak once the CO2 is all leak out from the tube the laser tube is useless normally i will just crimp the connection such that it's almost about the same diameter as the cathode pin and i will try to play with it until it has a perfect the moment once it's fitted already i will use insulator fairly thickly just of what will spark from jumping over the place this is the only part that requires a bit of tension once you talk about the low voltage portion of it which means the front part anode portion of it this one you can go ahead and use your alligator pin this one cannot this one can't play and then where does the anode go to they actually go to the L- point here like i said you don't have to worry too much on the schematic or if on discussion but just understand generally what i mean from that so that is the laser tube so remember power source laser tube let's talk about the mirrors this is a typical 3 mirror setup so we have the first mirror which is just right in front of the laser tube so air energy it's going to get excited escape from the front part bounce off the first mirror and then go to the cutting head and then the third mirror will just like a periscope down through to the cutting area and within which there is actually lens so you can see that this thing is Y axis moving out of down and then X axis moving this way so it means that at all times the beam is actually bouncing almost exactly to the same cutting head so that's generally constitutes the whole laser model so that's one model the second model we talk about is the router model which control the XY axis in this case has no Z axis just X and Y laser cutting is 2D business when people tell you laser cutting can do 3D it's like taking BSE i know some kickstarter is in there i take my word ok so i guess i prefer to say it's basically just a typical 3D printer setup in this case like i mention parallel Y axis so you can see 2 MIMA model 1 and 2 MIMA 17 and then the third one is actually down here this is the X axis so 2 Y axis 1 X axis and then Y is the linear guide actually i'm using a big biffy one so just now i mention why i use a much bigger driver i just use whatever spare parts i got so the best spare part i got is this 3D 2D linear guide but then again the linear guide, your choice what i'm asking is that when you use a linear guide make sure it's stable so i should not see a whole lot of shaking or whatnot so again it's dangerous not going to be equal somewhere and that somewhere can be your eyes or somebody else skin ok so that's generally your router model the third one control model so for the control model ok control model again for those who are familiar with 3D printers all i have here that you guys can take turn and just share around is your typical 3D printer board i'm using a ram 1.4 because i think it's the cheapest just to keep the cost low you can use whatever you want but just use this if you want to keep it cheap in this case my signal coming out i'm using pin 5 pin 5 is basically this orange wire later you come up i'll just point it to you guys using pin 5 then ultimately go to laser fire input down here so when everything is done on when you send the necessary to gcode into the computer it will have the sequence of when to on and when to off the laser to the power supply already and then accordingly the power supply it's down here generate is greater than am because i will just show you because i need the pump that is something so small this is the water bottle by the way then you need to run the exhaust and then some of you may want to run your air pump using your 12v but in my case i'm using directly from the ac power so make sure that you have at least the am and 12v if not it's not enough juice to run the system so that is the control the last portion of it is the support i just show you the water pump again you need something of this capacity of water just to have any useful duration of cutting if you had any spoiler, chances are water is going to heat up very fast and you realise the efficiency will drop quite drastically okay, the other test water, next thing is the exhaust later you can come over here so basically just duck fan inside there is activated carbon filter and also the HEPA filter to kind of filter the gas the last of the support system so remember what i say, the air pump is useful 2 things first, to make sure you have a good cut so you force the flame and exhaust away for a whole piece the second is to keep the lens clean so this is laser cut you can see the lens is actually inside the side so what happen here is that the air pump actually pump the air the fourth section basically the contact area so in this case, there will always be a positive air flow pressure going this way so any form of flame smoke or whatnot will not get into the cutting head and dirty your lens because once the lens get dirty be it because of the smoke or be it when you install this you have your saliva in between that particle will trap heat it will be there for whatever it cannot escape and each time you burn the heat will build up and the life span of your lens will just how about dust same anything that burns anything that heat up and the thing will not disintegrate as you burn it will be there it will still burn how about acrylic because it is mirror no for the acrylic like i said for air energy it will just be absorbed which means that let's say you got the acrylic mirror that you buy from let's say our friend you will cut nicely okay so we kind of run through kind of common idea kind of raw idea of how this component is made out of again, i want to emphasise the session today is pure interaction just want you to know what it takes to build a lens cover for me, it only take me 1.5 days to build this because i was a bunch of SUD student that wanted to run through so i just build something pardon my old magic if given amount more time i will do something better but i think it suffice as a training aid what i have here is generally the principal design for any form of DIY CO2 laser cutter so just feel free, just take a look what is the cost for all the parts so far so far general okay i use a lot of recycle parts so i never use this as an example let's just say that you want to start on scratch generally you are looking at approximately i don't know $692 $10 again, i will put the view of materials the moment we come to the session then you make a decision again those cost does not include old magic how much is the CO2? so the tube itself including shipping is about $120 you can bring it i brought in bigger no i say the license is when the whole thing is good then you run to the issue because remember the NDA license or when you file even if you let's say i want to be a good citizen i want to get all the license that i can get before i buy anything even i want to fill out the form no number there's none okay anyway i'm still trashing this out how do you adjust the mirror so that make it alive good question there is a safe way and you see already you say okay okay we are getting a bit more technical just for your benefit we i'll just show you okay obviously at your very first setup the alignment you cannot guarantee you try your best in your design try to measure everything to the best use a micrometer but again i won't trust myself so if you do not if you just simply based on pure assumption and your measurement just face directly so what i do is that normally i get a piece of wood i just make sure i put it in between i fire up okay i said okay this is about that as i get closer to the next mirror say okay whether it is shooting in the centre if you put it higher no you cut so you had to put so that is for the gross area first gross area so it is two step method because you try with a big piece because you never know where the thing will shoot suddenly big piece it is okay it is somewhere there gross area you can just do the point through knot such as it goes about centre okay agar agar so now you put on this side so if this thing is reflected if it is hitting on this mirror so you put down here and shoot so do the same thing until it is in agar agar then you use skor steak and you make sure your power is set at the minimum so you say okay so now i know this thing can go here this thing can go here so i want to make sure it is perfect because at the end of the day the whole beam will need to point through this small little so a lot of time you say okay here how come the laser is not shooting out because just half a degree area the laser will just be hitting the side of the laser cutting edge so it is aint going to come out and the depth is just a layman explanation so you put a clear tape so you try to do it again the test button so the portion of the skor steak the reason why i use a transparent skor steak because i can do a relative comparison with the position relative to the mirror position where is the boomerang then i do the fine tuning of community so once everything is centred let it run so that is step 2 step 3 now that you know that okay this mirror is going here and the beam is coming out but that is only at this position how about here how about here so every single location you have the fine tune such that consistently the beam is always able to exit from the cutting edge then now i put the A3 size material inside so that is so which means if i put a percentage of effort almost the last 30% this is alignment no change so the question is why A3 in the mirror so you say so you say there are a few options 2, 3 or whatever the best is kosong so why because it has it came just a recap so 3 minute is the best setup in terms of size space efficiency particularly in your room that is the best design 2 mirrors yes, very simple but the space efficiency is not that so for let's say a 1 meter machine probably only a small part for the 1 mirror system again then you result in that 3D printer kind of size off but then you can invent the 0 mirror and good luck just while you are free air, free air yes i try that total PS the 2 bars ah, number 1 how much you spend on the laser pointer your typical laser pointer that use presentation how accurate you think the laser is it's not poor cited so let's say the whole thing if you have this laser pointer of this 10 cm i put all i measured i think buy it out ah so you base on that and you try to align again, all these are learn through blood i try to that's why i say it's absolutely bullshit so i just use this method solve the problem it's cheap no doesn't really help so in fact normally what i does is i will do the calculation the best i can do an eyeball no sheet check because all you need to do is just okay it's about that sorry when you do a check you wear goggles for safety or you sometimes a little too loud i don't want to answer that i don't know yes, good point so i'll let you design hahahaha i'll let you design you alright you alright that's all you mentioned and how do you do no because of what base you base on you see ah 40W laser cutter generally cut by NM worth of buy so that is your actual design material so let's say you want to have a CO2 laser cutter how thick of a material you want fine fine what's the difference between 5mm and 3mm nothing ah you guys need to cut 1mm do you have something about this no because you see the difference because i put it of course quite practically let's say i got a range material i'll cut 1mm up to 5mm i know 5mm is a max and most of the time i cut 5mm so i put my focal length at 5mm and i cut 5mm and when i say i put my 5mm it means that how i judge ah it's not when you say the focal length it's not say that you go to measure the spot of the focal beam this one ah looks like it's the smallest diameter of 2cm i just let it run i see the quality of the cut because i know that 40W at that kind of speed it should cut through 5mm if it doesn't cut through it means that something wrong my focal length or maybe your alignment is not then i adjust until the point that it can cut through 3mm on my 5mm then i leave it at this so now i put a 1mm and what is good on your 5mm is good for treatment and 1mm so in fact in the industry when people start to say i really need adjustable focal length automatic one or some more the reason for that is because they are actually cutting very big material like metal, plywood that is when you last material as your bigger it actually works so you want a consistent cutting power and that cutting heat alone ah so it is for your internal purpose no point then for their design they say i actually can adjust my ZSC i can put the whole cutting table for what eh again the maximum amount of thickness you can cut is 5mm so you have to adjust which means when people have ZSC it is not about cutting it is for engraving i got my CPU i want to engrave something so you adjust ZSC so you can store in your CPU so these are some of the the moves up second is also some of the Kickstarter they say oh eh mine is a 3D laser cutter what the hell cuts 3D in this setup nothing cut 3D so which means what is trying to say the cheaper version of the so that you put something like an iPad that actually have curvature so you adjust to the curvature so that the consistency of the engraving is maintain throughout the surface so that when you last thing you want to do is take out your $2000 iPad and say holy shit how come half the thing is dark the other half is like and it's a one way trick it's like that too ah so that is one thing by 3D la but it's not 3D cutting it's engraving and the 3D engraving is also not the correct statement because when you say 3D engraving i'm talking about those crystal that actually have 3D hologram those is another kind of laser and those require a different kind of medium the medium must be pure because one more thing to add is that if you try to cut glass why? because glass itself is not a pure material it actually has metal component that's how it get its color so when the CO2 laser remember is infrared the glass will absorb every single ounce of the energy but the problem right now is that because there is metal inside it heat up so the whole thing will crack so acrylic mirror yes no if not just go ahead and take a look see 20kx40k 20kx40k so how to so you push up yes yes yes fly back so this is just this is just intensity because sometimes you want to put a 10% just to focus so when you say 20kx40k is it adjustable? yes in a way so your whole camera no no, it's 41 41 41 yes what is because i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i


Down Dodge City and in the territory on west, there's just one way to handle the killers and the spoilers, and that's with the U.S. Marshal and the smell of gun smoke. William Conrad, the story of the violence that moved west with young America, and the story of a man who moved with it. I'm that man, Matt Dillon, the United States Marshal. The first man they look for and the last they want to meet. It's a chancy job and it makes a man watchful and a little lonely. You finish breakfast? Yeah, but sit down. Have some coffee with me. Thank you. So what do I owe this honor? Eh? Why aren't you having breakfast with Matt or just... Well, I would, but they're out of town. Well, that's what, huh? Oh, not kidding. Where are they? Oh, they went fishing they left last night. So they'd be back this morning sometime. Should have gone with them. Couldn't they invite you? Yes, but I couldn't go. I promised old man Bass I'd have some powders ready for him last night when he came into town. Old man Bass, who's he? Oh, I don't think you know him, could he? He lives out near the little Barton Place. It was just him and his wife. They don't come into town very often. Oh, they're nice people. Solid of the earth. More coffee? No more than if I do, thank you. That's good, thank you. Yes, Hannibal and Della Bass are quite a couple. They've been married about 45 years. They're fine people. You selling marriage, Doc? There's nothing wrong with it, is there? I don't know. Never had much chance to find out. You're not telling me you've never been asked. Yeah, I've been asked, all right. But not by the right person? Maybe that's it. Look, this is pretty heavy talk for eight o'clock in the morning. I guess it is a best. Let's get back to her. What were their names? Della Bass, Hannibal and Della Bass. Oh, you'd like them, kitty. I tell you what, I'll take you out there one of these days. I like that. Good, then we'll go. What's the matter, Doc? I was just thinking about those powders I made up for Hannibal. I'm afraid I might have leaned a little heavy on the soda. Well, that won't hurt him, will it? No, no, no, won't hurt him. Of course, he might feel a little bubbly for a day or so. Come on, Doc, take your coffee. I heard you come back from Dodge last night, Hannibal. Didn't figure you'd be up in time to do the chores. Late as it was. Here you are. Thank you, Della. I ain't misdoing the chores in 20 years. You didn't get to bed till past 10. Do you get your powders from Doc Adams? Yeah, yeah, I got them. Funny thing, ever since I started taking them, I felt kind of bubbly. That's good, ain't it? I mean, that's what them powders are for. Sure, that's what them powders are for. You're a good doctor, Adam or fella. Hey, well... Sounds like one of the chutes got himself caught up. Could be or could be a wolf. Shotgun's loaded. It's right behind the door there. I got it. See you later. I'll put him back. I reckon I got the right to shoot you. Hannibal, what's going on here?  You do no such thing. Who are you, son? Ain't seen you around here before? We're nester people about 20 miles north of here. Huh? What's your name? Dutch head, Peth. Exposed your whole family's out and wrought and through the countryside instead of working and making out honest. Now leave him be, Hannibal. Poor boy's half-star. Ah, he ain't no boy. Nothing gives him the right to steal my pigs. I'd have paid you back some time when we were making out better, maybe. Even ain't no way to make out for no man. Hannibal, you hitch up the wagon, take this boy home.  His people's any good they'd have brought him up right to begin with.  Oh, I swear, Della, you're treating him like he was candy. You do what I say, Hannibal. You take him home. Well, all right. You know something, boy? You was mighty lucky she'd come out when she did. All right, let's get walking. Edgar Bergen and Charlie McCarthy. Say, Charlie, isn't that your French girlfriend coming into the service department? Yeah, Bergen. Isn't she a doll? Pardon me, Monsieur. I don't wish to bother you. Oh, thank nothing of it. Beautiful women always bother me. That is my automobile. She has a squeak. Oh, poor thing. It probably needs one of our quality guardian maintenance lubrications. Fantastic. How did you know that? Specialized training, ma'am. Specialized training? The servicemen at all Chevrolet Pontiac Olds will be a Buick Cadillac Chevy and GMC truck dealers get special training. That's what makes them guardian maintenance servicemen. They're trained to know your GM product best. You are so wonderful, ma'am. Oh, I must kiss you gladly. Oh, no. How did you learn to kiss like that? Specialized training, ma'am. What have you got here, Dunk? It's poor, but we've only been here a month. Well, it won't improve by itself, you know. Ma? Who is it, Dunk? This here's Hannibal Bass, ma'am. How do you do? Oh, ma'am. Is your husband around? He's been dead five years.  Well, uh, I run Dunk home, so's his pocket weapon for stealing pigs. Well, I didn't figure he'd miss one little pig. I'd rather starve than have my boy thief. No, ma'am. Things ain't gone too well with us, Mr. Bass. It's hard being a widow woman all alone, poor. Well, I didn't know you was a widow woman. That's what I am. Boy, why didn't you tell me about this? All you wanted to do was shoot me. Oh, no. No, I wasn't going to shoot him. I just wanted to scare him. Oh, well, you could still have the law down on him, no. No, no, I don't have to do that. Maybe he's learned his lesson. No, you're a good man, Mr. Bass. And kind. I could see that right off. Well, I ain't one to hold grudges. I'm just trying to be fair.  He's a real gentleman, ain't he, Donk? You ought to see their place, ma'am. You wouldn't believe it. Nice, huh? Oh, I worked hard on that place. Mr. Bass, won't you stay for a cup of chicory? Oh, well, thank you, but I'd better be getting back. Mr. Bass, if you're ever through this way again, we'd be proud to have you drop in. Oh, well, thank you, ma'am. Yes, I'll do that.  Oh, yes, ma'am. It surely must. Well, goodbye. Bye, Mr. Bass. Ma'am, Donk, you sure calmed him down, ma'am. I think he's forgot about the pigs. Yeah. And he'll be back. Oh, you donk? Oh, this is for us. All the stuff in the wagon? All for you. Now, where's your ma'am? We're inside pretty enough. We've seen you coming. She didn't have to go no far. She said you'd be back. Oh, did she? I told her what a fine place you got, the house and the barn and all. Oh, Mr. Bass. Ma'am, look where he runs. Oh, now, Mr. Bass, you shouldn't have done that. Nothing, ma'am. Oh, gracious, my... Oh, my goodness, gracious, my... Oh, we couldn't accept all that. Just a few little things. A few little things. Chickens and pigs and corn and coffee and... Oh, goodness knows what all. Well, the way I figured them that's more fortunate ought to share what they got.  I'm just doing what I see is right, like I told Della when I loaded up this morning. Oh, you're a fine man. Maybe I should start unloading. Oh, look at there. Pure coffee. Why, we ain't had coffee in over a month. Oh, my. You sure made us happy today, Mr. Bass.  Oh, well, there ain't hardly time. Oh, please stay. It'd be good to talk to someone. Yes, I need a man to talk with, Mr. Bass. Now, just for a little while and maybe... You get that stuff unloaded, now, Duncan. We'll be inside. Okay, ma'am. Mr. Bass, you've got to remember we ain't very fancy here. But it's what's in the heart that counts. We'll come along now. I can't find a one. There's plenty in the bedroom. Not good ones. Your good ones is all dirty, Hannibal. That dog gone it anyway. You're forgetting we had six Sundays this past two weeks. What? The way you've been dressing. What's wrong with a man cleaning up once in a while? Nothing, nothing at all. You know you're getting mighty sour, Della. You're always on me about something. No, no, no. Matter of fact, I don't know if I ever pleased you. Not from the day we got married. I don't think I could ever please you. Don't you try to turn this around on me, Hannibal Bass? No, you just don't understand me, Della. You never did. That's it. That's what I've been waiting to hear you say. What? I bet the widow Hedgepeth understands you. Fine, don't she? I bet she even told you she did. Now, you leave her out. Yes. Not likely I'll leave her out. Hannibal, I've been mighty patient with you these past two weeks. But my patience is gone. Well, so is mine. I'm through, Della. Through? You're going to marry Elsie Hedgepeth.  Now, don't you call me that. I love you, Hannibal. I always have. But my gracious, you can be a guy. I don't have to stay here and listen to this. Yes, you do. Don't you budge out of this house. Why not? What are you going to do? I'm going over to talk to Elsie Hedgepeth. You're what? That woman may be too smart for you, Hannibal, but she ain't too smart for me. You're looking here. I won't stand for that. I'll stand for it all right. There ain't nothing else you can do.  We will see who the fool is. You going to get down out of that wagon? I'll say what I have to say from here. Oh, yeah. I just wanted to see what a husband stealer looks like. Oh, your husband? No, and you ain't going to. Not that you ain't trying. He's a grown man. He can do what he wants.  Come here to say. I've been married to Hannibal Bass for 45 years, and I've loved him that long, too. I ain't about to quit now. Well, maybe you ain't got much choice.  He also told me I didn't understand him. Well, that's sure true enough. Mrs. Hedgepeth? I didn't come here to ask nothing of you. I came here to tell you something.  It won't change nothing.  You admit that? I ain't saying nothing. Well, I want him, and I don't care if he's rich or poor. Now, there's a difference there, ain't there? He's just jealous, because you can't hold him no more. There ain't no use talking to you. I'm going to have to show you. Hey, what are you doing? You put down that raffle. Maybe you'll understand this from my shoe. Maybe you understand that.  Yeah, it must be. Come on. Place, ma'am. It is? Well, then you must be Miss Bess. That's right. Well, I'm Marshal Dillon from Dodge. You mind if we get on? You're welcome, Marshal. Thank you. Those chests are proud, Miss Bess. How do? Proud to have you here. Come inside, and I'll fix you some coffee. I think I better tell you what we came here for first. Oh. Hannibal ain't in some sort of trouble, is he? No, ma'am. I'm afraid you are. Me? Judge Blint issued a warrant for you. The complaint says you tried to shoot Miss Hedgepen. Oh, that. Marshal, I'm too good a shot to try and shoot somebody. Are you sure convinced her? She wrote all the way to Dodge to tell the judge about it. Did she say anything to him about how she's been trying to steal my husband? To run off with him? No, ma'am. Well, she is. Now, if you'll excuse me, I've got to get this milk consigned over some. Can I help you, ma'am? Oh, thank you. I can manage. Can you let her go like that? Don't you? Looks like you'd be back out of that house with a gun. I don't think so. One or not, you're a pretty strong-minded lady. Yeah, but I don't think she's a murderer. Maybe the judge got taken in by that Miss Hedgepen a little bit. Here she comes. Miss Bass, uh, where's your husband? Over to the widow-womans. Like he's been every day lately. Oh, I see. Marshal, let me tell you something. This is a good farm. It took Hannibal and me a long time. And a lot of hard work to get that house and barn up. Five years, in fact. You got some good stock out here, too? Hogs, no? We do for a fact. And that's why the widow Hedgepen is after Hannibal. This place, she wants it. But it's still against the law to go around shooting at people, ma'am. I guess you're right. I don't seem to have made no difference, anyway. I just wish there was some way to bring Hannibal to his senses. Miss Bass, you said your husband was over at the Hedgepen place, huh? Yes. How do you get there? Straight north. Just follow the trail you've come here on. Why? Maybe Chester's now right up there. I'd like to have a talk with your husband. That's kind of you, Marshal. But it won't do no good. We'll try, anyway. He's going to marry that woman, Marshal. And so far, I haven't been able to think of a thing to stop it. Let's see what we can do, Miss Bass. We'll see you later. Old Bass sitting on the stoop there. Looks kind of like an old turkey don't he? I wouldn't let him hear you say that. How'd you know my name? Well, you're talking to Hannibal. I'm Marshal Dullin, Miss Hedgepen. Oh, Dodge. Well, I'm afraid you come to the wrong place, Marshal. You must have rode right by the Bass farm. What are you talking about? What is this? I went in to Dodge the other day, Hannibal, and I got the judge to issue a warrant for her arrest. Who's arrest? Your wife, Della. You didn't expect me to do nothing about her trying to murder me, did you? You ain't going to put Della in jail, are you, Marshal? No, I'm not. What's this all about? Well, I'll make this real simple, Mr. Bass. This business has gone far enough. It's got to stop before somebody gets hurt.  Oh, no, he ain't, Marshal. He's staying right here. You're going along, too, Miss Hedgepen. What? And once we get there, everybody's going to lay their cards on the table, and I'm going to be there to see that they do. Now, let's get ready. I ain't going alone. I'm going to take my boy, Donk. I don't care who you take, but we're starting back as soon as you get your team hitched. Now, let's get going. I'm going to run that band, Mr. Donk. Uh-huh. It'll be good to get in out of this hard spot. Looky there. It's burnt to the ground the whole place. Come on. That Hannibal coming? That's right behind us in the wagon. Good. But your house, the barn, how did it happen? Both of them at the same time. I swear I don't understand it. I think I do, Chester. Just wait. Evening, Hannibal. You brought her home a little too late, didn't you? I didn't bring her. The Marshal did. Ask her what she thinks now, Hannibal. You, you've done this, didn't you? You set fire to the whole place. I said ask her what she thinks. I think you're crazy. I think you're both crazy. You still want to marry Donk? Donk? Turn this wagon around and drive me home. Sure, Mom. What are you waiting for? Let's go. Well, Hannibal? Right, Della.  We're going to have to start from scratch again. We've done it before. Hannibal, fix your favorite supper. Bean whole beans. Della, you're some woman. We've got guests. Marshal, if you and Chester care for bean whole beans, we'd be proud to have you stay for supper. My goodness, I ain't had none of them in years. You'd be mighty pleased, ma'am. You'll have to sit on the ground to eat them. I saved a few plates and things out of the house. I'll get them. Oh, no, you won't. I'll get them. You've done enough work today, Della Bash. This is George Walsh inviting you to join us again next week when CBS Radio presents another story on Gunsmoke.


Now let's welcome in one of the seniors on this Mustangs team coming off a six point performance here tonight. Three goals, three assists, a pleasure to welcome Mackenzie Reese to the All Access Post Game Show. Mackenzie, congratulations. Thank you. Thank you. I appreciate it. Thanks for having me. We were talking at the beginning of the broadcast that there was a chance that it was going to be the final home game, but now it looks better that that might not be the case. And I imagine there was an awful lot of pride going into trying to make sure that's the case. Yeah, absolutely. We're going to be being, you know, a senior as seniors as well, you know, we want to have another home game. We don't want this to be our last home game. So it was pretty awesome to get that win, a pretty big win for us. A pretty complete win, as well, Mackenzie. And you heard me. I said to Coach, it looked like they drew up a great game plan, but that you guys really followed the game plan. Would you say that that's an accurate assessment? Absolutely. Yeah.  And you know, as long as we execute, even if we make a mistake, we all have each other's backs. And, you know, we got the job done. Mackenzie, it seemed like they were sort of keying in on Olivia to start the game. And that that was having the offense go different ways. Can you talk about how important it is that you all prove and you show, hey, we're just as dangerous. Absolutely. This isn't a one-woman team. We're all capable of being scorers here. Right. Yeah. So I think once, you know, as the season, you know, continues and continues, they're going to zero in on Monty.  Everyone has to contribute. And I think, you know, everyone has really stepped up to the plate and been a contributing factor. So. Not bad about that. Well, you had a great game tonight. Three goals, three assists. Would you say that your job is to run the play from behind the goal? That's where you position yourself quite often. Yeah. So, I mean, I think, you know, again, everyone contributes and everything. And you know, it just depends on the game on who's, who's open, who's getting those goals, depending on what team you play. But I think, you know, I've kind of found my home back there and I'm really comfortable there. And it's just where I like to be. So it's been working out. You guys have a lot of work to do still on the road. Next couple of games out, the really important stretch. How good do you feel about it right now? I feel pretty confident. I feel pretty confident in, you know, the team that we are, the team that we've become. We are really young. And those freshmen have really, you know, raised their level of play. And I think just as a unit, we're really progressing well. I'm excited to play these next few games.  So we congratulate you on a big win tonight on a huge game. And what's been a really great stretch for you of late. Congratulations. Thanks for coming up. Thank you. Thanks for having me. Absolutely. Mackenzie Reese joining us here in the All Access Post Game Show after a six point night in Stevenson's 20 to five victory.


Hello everyone, welcome to options with Doug streaming live daily on bookmap discord and The bookmap YouTube channel at 1 30 p.m. Eastern time. Excuse me. Good morning, JC or good afternoon here Thanks for the confirmation welcome Before I get started I need to go through the disclosure general disclosure all book map limited materials information and Presentations are for educational purposes only and should not be considered specific investment advice nor recommendations risk disclosure Creating futures equities and options involves substantial risk of loss and is not suitable for all investors Past performance is not necessarily indicative of future results The focus of my presentation and the focus of the options dash Doug Chat channel and discord is options order flow The impact of options markets on stocks and futures and the influence of market maker hedging flow on price action I have a two-step process for trading and first is planning and I use positional analysis I look at how traders and market makers are Positioned in the options market and how those positions change from day to day to develop a thesis regarding the expected trading range and Volatility for the day as well as a directional bias And the second step of my process is execution and I look at real-time order flow and book map and Real-time market maker hedging flow and spot gamma hero to confirm my thesis and for setups for entries and exits And this is a new different way of looking at the market many traders Use technical analysis or fundamental analysis fundamental analysis and again. This is something new positional analysis and Finally on topic questions and comments are welcome And I will be watching the options dash Doug chat channel and discord and the chat in YouTube So again, please post your questions and comments. They're they're welcome. All right. Let's get started what I want to talk about today is Economic data and events coming up this week then we'll go through our positional analysis and Talk about a plan and then we'll look at some setups so first of all the let's just take a quick look at the economic calendar for the week and the main event is The FOMC Meeting on Tuesday and Wednesday and then the announcement. I thought I had my pen tool open so the meeting on Tuesday and Wednesday the announcement at 2 p.m. Eastern Time on Wednesday and then the press conference begins at 2 30 p.m. Eastern Time the normal schedule and I will be on from 130 to 2 I Will be on from 130 to 2 so I'll be on 230 130 to 230 so I will be on for the announcement and then wrapping up as the press conference begins and and In YouTube loose Luke ask Doug will we get a 1080p stream? Yes, join us in discord. I This is all I can do in YouTube and I and I'm seeing a 720p stream on my end on YouTube but in In discord, I'm streaming at 1080p So it should look okay at 720p, but that's that's the highest setting I can I can find on YouTube All right, so that's the ones Wednesday. That's the main event of the week and then just briefly later on the week jobless claims on Thursday and then durable goods orders on Friday at 8 30 a.m. Eastern Time and then there's some PMI data out at 9 45 a.m. And While we're talking about the FOMC, let's just take a quick look at the CME Fed watch tool and this is showing the Projections for the upcoming meeting right now the current Fed target rate is 450 to 475 and the market is pricing in a 27% chance of No move by the Fed Maintaining that current rate and then a 73% chance of a 25 basis point rate hike Okay, so that is the That's the events for the week again the big event for the week and probably For the month is the FOMC Meeting and announcement on Wednesday All right, let's take a look at it. Let's go through our positional analysis now and we'll start looking at some charts and This is the S&P 500 futures the ES and bookmap and Before I dig into this chart. I want to take a look at a larger time frame And this is SPX In a 20-day one-hour chart and thinkorswim and this is showing Just price and key spot gamma levels and these levels are provided to spot gamma subscribers In a think script that you have to manually download or dump data. It just takes a couple of minutes every day and the key levels here This is the put wall at 3,800 again. This is SPX the put wall at 3,800 and that has not changed That's the strike with the largest net negative gamma and that can be expected to act as support and Then 4,000 Well, let me go actually 3950 Next level up that is the volatility trigger And that's spot gammas proprietary gamma flip level and Below that level Market makers are in a negative gamma position and they have to hedge in the direction of price To hedge their delta exposure and a negative gamma environment below that level and then above that level that's their Position on the gamma curve is positive and they have to hedge against price To hedge their delta exposure or they trade against price to hedge their delta exposure and then 4,000 level is the key gamma strike. That's the strike with the largest Absolute gamma and that can be expected to act as support or a resistance or a magnet for price and then finally the call wall at 4065 and Just a reminder that is the call strike of the JP Morgan collar That expires on March 31st at the end of the month Okay, so those are the SPX levels and a larger time frame And what spot gamma was calling for today was for SPX did Most likely stay within a narrow range here between this 3,900 support double and the 3950 Resistance level and that was in the AM founders note. All right, so that is a 20-day chart. Let's take a look at another thinkorswim chart and We'll take a look at a Smaller time frame. This is this is just today a one-day one-minute chart and showing the 3900 level and the 3950 Resistance volatility trigger resistance level and it looks like that has acted as Resistance a couple times and when we look at spy, we'll see that spy the three three ninety four volatility trigger Was actually the resistance Up here. All right, let's go take a look at book map now And the reason I look at those thinkorswim charts is they're just showing price and levels again for SPX What I Have the same levels on this chart. They're just shown a little bit differently. This is the spot gamma Cloud notes provided to spot gamma subscribers. They provide these levels to spot gamma subscribers for a number of different platforms and for book map they are Provided in the form of cloud notes, which are updated automatically And this is showing the There's the 3950 level Spy gamma right now today is using a 40 point difference between ES and SPX and I calculated about a 32 point difference So I'm showing my SPX 3950 level a little bit lower So that is the 3950 resistance level and that I'm showing that in my cloud notes columns And also I'm showing the spy key spy gamma levels And this is the spy 394 volatility trigger and then Down here is the spy 390 key gamma strike so those are the levels are that are in play for today and We will take a look at We'll take a look at setups in a few minutes, so Overall the S&P 500 ES SPX spy has been has been bullish today and Still so far confined within that You know approximately 3900 to 3950 spy 394 level right, let me take a look at questions in In YouTube All right, so Luke. I don't understand your question Overall Delta looking right? I don't understand your question and JC JT and YouTube says he got has 32 point 32.5 difference. I just I round it typically to the closest round number You know, I'm not showing it exact exactly And Luke we will look at hero charts in just a few minutes Okay, so that is the S&P 500 Showing the levels in play and let's talk about shifts in levels And remember last Friday was the March expiration. So Now we're looking for traders to build positions into the next Monthly expiration, which is April 21st. That is the third Friday of the month so a lot of the gamma that Came off on Friday and then we're looking again looking be looking for traders to Rebuild positions Now shifts and levels as far as SPX there were no shifts and levels and Then for spy the pull put wall shifted lower from 390 to 380 And then the call wall shifted higher From 397 to 402 and then the key gamma strike shifted down from 400 to 390 So shifts up and down I would Generally interpret that as slightly bearish for the for spy and Then for QQQ The volatility trigger shifted up one point from 301 to 3 to 302 put wall shifted down from See 290 to 285 and Then the key gamma strike shifted lower from 305 to 300 so somewhat bearish for QQQ as well and Alejandro asked hello, what is your configuration for stops and icebergs? Okay, so Luke and again, we'll look at hero in just a minute When we get to our we through with our positional analysis so question about stops and icebergs, so I have to There are two forms of stops and icebergs Indicators and I'm using both the sub chart and the on chart so on chart I I'm just using the automatic levels For icebergs and stops, so I just set this to automatic individual threshold and Then for sub chart, I'm actually using the sum mode for both stops and icebergs So that is why and the sub chart I have these Continuous lines like that. They're just showing cumulative stop orders Cumulative icebergs so icebergs and blue and stops in yellow And I would this set up I think I have the best of both worlds and the sub chart I can see the sum mode the accumulation and then I can see the events With the on chart indicators Okay, so those are the shifts and levels and let's take a look at the gamma charts now And we'll see where those levels come from so this is the Absolute gamma levels will start with spx and Again, we're going to show where those levels come from This is showing absolute gamma levels Market makers position at these strikes and above the zero line That is showing positive gamma or call gamma and below the line zero line That's negative gamma or put gamma shown with the teal bars below and the black bars above so The key gamma strike or the absolute gamma strike for spx remains at 4,000 And again, that's the strike with the largest Absolute gamma that can be expected to act as support or resistance or a magnet for price And there's the 3,800 put wall the strike with the largest net negative gamma That can be expected to act as support and then there's the 40 65 strike the call wall the strike with the largest net positive gamma That can be expected to act as resistance and again, that's the call strike of the JP Morgan collar That expires at the end of the month So that's spx and note the I'd say the slight dominance of put gamma below the 4,000 level Let's take a look at spy So for spy Now the key gamma strike and still words still have the zero line put gamma or negative gamma below Call gamma or positive gamma above and black And here is the 390 the new 390 key gamma strike And here's 380 the new put wall And now remember the call wall has increased up to 402 and there's a More prominent Dominance of put gamma for spy below the 400 level and while we're on this page. Let's take a look at the combo strikes and this is combining Gamma levels for spx and spy showing those levels in one chart and Converted to an equivalent spx price And note here the recall the volatility triggers at 3950 and There's this that level is about right here and you can see the put gamma below Below the zero line and the call gamma above and that's in a that you know That's showing the the volatility trigger spot gammas proprietary gamma flip level Negative gamma below and positive gamma above Let's take a look at Nasdaq and for Nasdaq. We just look at QQQ and for QQQ 300 is the key gamma strike down from 305 last week 285 is the put wall down from 290 the previous week and then 310 Remains the call wall and note the dominance of put gamma Below the 300 level and call gamma Above that level and then finally it won't actually let no that's it. Well, that's well We'll move on from there. All right, so let's take a look at the data now And the thing that I always like to focus on is The gamma notional this is market makers position on the gamma curve and This is showing spx in the left column spy in the middle column and QQQ in the far right column and this is from the spot gamma am founder's note and Notice for all these indices the the number is negative again This is market makers position on the gamma curve Indicating that market makers position is Negative for all these indices and that means that traders are long puts market makers are short puts and As price falls they have to sell futures to hedge their delta exposure and as price increases and implied volatility drops they can buy back their short futures and The changes in gamma notional from last week last Friday were actually mixed so for spx The gamma notional market makers position on the gamma curve became slightly less negative Last Friday it was minus 548 and today. It's minus 518 so slightly less negative But still negative and then spy went the other way last Friday Gamma notional was minus 1430 and today. It's minus 1836 so it became more negative and then last Friday Gamma notional for QQQ was slightly positive at 20 and today it has shifted back to negative at minus 66 So again market makers position on the gamma curve is negative For all these indices indicating that market makers will need to hedge in the direction of price to hedge their delta exposure And that can tend to increase volatility Okay, let's take a look at the vantage charts now that illustrate this concept and What this chart is showing is market makers delta notional and the vertical axis and The price strike price on the horizontal axis so this is showing how market makers delta notional changes with changes in price and Implied volatility that's shown by this green curve here And this is showing that market makers delta notional will increase as price decreases This is typical of a negative gamma environment indicating that market makers will need to Sell futures as price drops again, and they can buy back their short futures as price increases And again the green line is showing that how that changes with implied volatility That's the van effect the change in delta with the change Change in Delta with a change in implied volatility and then the black line is showing how that Delta notional changes time passes and that's the charm effect The change in Delta again is with a change in time as time passes So that's SBX. Let's take a look at spy and this is kind of interesting But anyway, this is a much deeper curve recall that The gamma notional for spy is quite a bit larger than for SPX minus 1836 minus compared with minus 518 for SPX and then finally for QQ Q much more neutral Just a slight slight tilt to the upward tilt to the left All right, then finally in our positional analysis. Let's take a look at the This watch list. This is my key gamma strike list. These are all the stocks on my watch list and I Track the key gamma strike every day the far right column the e column is showing the previous key gamma strike From last Friday from the previous day and then the D column current key gamma strike is showing the key Gamma strike for today at the beginning of the at the beginning of the day and I color code these red or green red indicates that the number Decreased from the previous day and green indicates that it increased from the previous day And I interpret a Decrease in the key gamma strike as bearish traders are looking for lower prices They're accepting lower prices and they're positioning themselves in the options market based on that and then just the opposite for the For a green for an increase. I interpret that as As bullish So bullish for Apple and AMD and bearish for Microsoft Nvidia QQQ Snowflake and spy and then also note the increase in the key gamma strike for VIX indicating traders that were traders were building call positions Above the previous level at 22. All right, so that is That's my positional analysis actually that So we'll talk about the S&P 500 first so Based on this that there's so much going on in the news especially with with financials that My plan really was leaning slightly bearish, but certainly to look at Look at a couple things during the day and the first was VIX and This is for today Actually, let's zoom out and this is the starting overnight So this is starting overnight VIX steadily falling Up until about 1130. It looks like it's made kind of a double bottom at around Just over 24 So that was the first thing and I was looking at so seeing a falling VIX that is a bullish signal and Then also, let's take a look at the financial ETF and notice that it was rising in pre-market trading and Up on the day. I know you you can't see it up here, but up on the day a little bit over 1% And let's just take a look at one other thing what I was so what I was looking for today Was watching these Sector ETFs the spy select sector ETFs and the this morning the XLK Was actually negative on the day and now it's just slightly positive at point one one percent That's the technology sector spider and then notice the financial ETF Right here is up About a little over 1% 1.14% right now So what I was looking for this morning really was a rotation out of technology stocks tech tech was so strong last week That I expected traders to Potentially want to take profits out of those tech stocks and rotate into financials which were somewhat beat up last week and So that lines up with what I saw again on my key gamma strike list here and let's take a look at a Another chart from Microsoft last week and here let's go to Actually, let's take a look at This is the expected move. Let's go to Microsoft so this is This is last week right here. This is the This is Friday, yeah, that's 317. So this is last week starting Here this is a daily chart one-day chart. So this is the These levels right here this that was the upper edge of the expected move lower edge of the expected move so notice how far Microsoft went treated up above the upper edge of the expected move just a crazy move in Microsoft so I was Given this this crazy increase in Microsoft Then notice the decrease in the key gamma strike Then finally, let's take a look at Here we go. This is the this is equity hub for Microsoft and Note here. This is showing the The decrease in the key gamma strike. This is Friday to today even though Microsoft was really strong on Friday So that was what I was looking at and I was looking for Looking for a short in some of these large cap tech stocks Microsoft AMD the stocks that were Really strong last week now AMD did actually have an increase in the key gamma strike but Microsoft had a decrease in the key gamma strike and then I So what I did is I was looking for again looking for a short Looking for rotation out of technology stocks and to financial stocks and I posted my watch list in discord Just before 10 a.m. Brank from the weakest to the strongest I usually post that in alphabetical order, but You know, this is my plan for today And Microsoft was at the top of that list And for those of you who are not Don't have access to Are not not joining us in in discord. I'll first of all, I Invite you to join. It's free and open to everyone Whether you have whether you subscribe to bookmap or not. So anyway, this is what I saw On the morning Microsoft and I'm ranking this by hero signal and what this is showing is the Strength of the hero signal compared to the last 30 days and that's shown by the entire Linked of this slider here and then the colored portion is shown showing the last five days So Microsoft was in the Not at the very lowest but in the low end of the range For the last five days and the last 30 days. So a weak hero signal So that lined up with my thesis and my plan as well So the the crazy move higher last week The drop in the key gamma strike even though Microsoft made that move up and let's zoom in on the morning And this is what I saw In the morning session A very strong confirmation between hedging flow and price action For those of you who may not be familiar with this chart. This is spot gamma hero The white line is price Microsoft price And the purple line is showing Options trades and market maker hedging flow Hero is hero Hedging impact of real-time options And this is showing that traders are taking negative delta positions All right, let's go take a look at book map now Let's go to Microsoft So here is here's Microsoft. I'll zoom in on the morning So recall the Weaker tech stocks today that was my thesis that was my plan looking for Stocks with the weakest hero signal that's I ranked my stocks Like that saw the weak hero signal for Microsoft Again the following key gamma strike Down to 270 here And just looking for bearish setups So that was the plan that was Great setup this morning great short setup All right, let's take a look at some others and note the target at the 270 key gamma strike And the high liquidity at that level A couple of tests of that level All right, let's take a look at AMD. So here's AMD. Let's take a look at hero Look at the morning session This is normally one eye trade. So there's a strong confirmation just like Microsoft not not quite as clean as Microsoft more up and down But traders taking negative delta positions and price responding Let's go back to book map and nice Nice drop this morning nice short setup We'll zoom in on this Okay, so here's Here's AMD Again great short setup and notice that it goes down to the Lower edge of the expected move. That's what this is LEM lower edge of the expected move for the week That's from the options market and also the liquidity Down at 93. So there's your target for AMD good for a Three and a half point move All right, let's take a look at Nvidia and in video not There was a good short setup this morning, but it looks like the The play was to go long Looks like the dip buyers couldn't resist Nvidia All right, so there's Nvidia short setup in the morning Let's take a look at hero to Nvidia. So there's the There's the short setup in uh in the morning and notice how price Increases hero levels off starts to increase So this was uh for me a little bit this long setup was a little bit difficult to interpret You know, I'd want to see more of that confirmation Of hero a stronger rise in hero Before I took along there Let's just zoom out So overall this Delta Is still negative Is just about 90 negative 93.95 Still so hedging flow overall is negative delta The notional value Let's just see what traders are doing So they're buying puts and selling calls and Nvidia Let's take a look at Amazon And different story here Divergence long All right, so RJ ask is Nvidia being driven by zero DTE? And no for monday. There is no zero DTE For Nvidia now it could be driven by next expiration Which is friday, but uh Stocks like Nvidia Have weekly expirations only so QQQ SPI and SPX are the only instruments that have zero DTE options As far as I know All right, so this is a divergence long setup Notice price falling Traders are taking positive delta positions Let's go take a look at At book map take a look at amazon And they're toned down the absorptions and sweeps Seeing too many Small dots So there's the reversal setup Microsoft AMD were much better setups And we'll see tesla was a much the best long By far All right, let's take a look next at meta Go take a look at hero It meta was up and down confirmation law short in the morning And then a divergence long here as hero starts to increase And then price follows About 10 minutes later Let's go take a look at book map So there's the long setup Let's zoom in on this And note there is a somewhat of shift in order flow here Notice all the green dots coming in And a double kind of a triple test of the 194 level All right, so RJ asked you find CVD tells you tells you much information single stocks and not consistently. No You know if it's going in the direction of price that gives me another Another confirmation, but I would not Make a trading decision solely based on CVD One thing that I have been looking at Is And I'm not showing it now. It's it's just too cluttered for For this presentation Is this market pulse Indicator, this is something new I'm there are several different algorithms here. I don't have a one up for meta, but I was watching this this morning There's price change spread change volume pressure I normally look at volume pressure for the Futures es and enqueue and that I've been looking at price change For stocks and you can look at Several of these at the same time. So this morning I was looking at Microsoft Tesla and Nvidia And I could look at one chart and book map and see Give me it's that would give me some kind of indication of what other charts we're doing and anyway, I as soon as I Have a better feel for this. I'll I'll show it and talk about it All right, so that is meta And let's take a look at qqq back to hero So again meta confirmation short and long Look at qqq Take a look in the morning And this is confirming a short At the open Then long after that Let's go take a look at book map So kind of a choppy choppy morning and In qqq before finally moving higher I found the single stocks that I talked about much easier trades All right, let's take a look at the s and p 500 now We've already looked at The es let's take a look at spy So the thing that I saw this morning Actually, let's just leave that let's take a look at Let's go take a look at hero now and I posted this in discord All right, so when In youtube Jec says amazon was a great setup And he's also a huge fan of marketpulse He has a few setups. He's really liking Great, I I'll look for them in discord Okay, so This is the s and p 500 combined signal This is combining options trades for spx spy And xsp Which is insignificant compared to the other other two Into one to combine signal. This is what I look at whether I'm trading es futures or spy shares or spy options or spx options This is the signal that I look at for the s and p 500 So Let's zoom in on this Let's just go So this is showing from the open And what I saw Let's just zoom in about 9 30 to 11 That's what I posted. It's all Kind of I'll zoom in to what I was posting What I posted But still too much Sorry about all the scrolling All right, so anyway, what I'm What this is indicating to me is that Traders are taking negative delta positions As price was increasing toward the spx 3950 level and the spy 394 volatility trigger level and It took a while for this to set up And the thing to do is when you see this, you know, if you're looking for a short You see hero falling like this and it's kind of choppy See hero falling The thing to do is go into book map and just watch order flow on your levels To look for short So let's go to book map now and we'll go to spy And sometimes spy is just a little bit simpler to look at And I have My cloud notes and spy for every stock I have cloud notes And this is showing I showed the key gamma strikes and Or the key daily levels from spot gamma with a white White background red text and a white line Just the basic ground numbers with a yellow line and yellow background So here's the 390 key gamma strike There's the 394 volatility trigger Which did act as resistance So there is the You know, if you were looking for short setup There it is There's the sweep that all those small green dots are a buy sweep into the 394 level and i'm also showing the SPX 3950 level there So a sweep into the 394 and notice i'm showing spy and spx levels. It's important to Keep track of both So a sweep into the 394 level then a break of the trend Trend line at the 3950 level then a short down to Spy 391 And notice the green dots coming in there and all these So that's a buy sweep at that level and then all the blue dots or passive orders Uh absorbing those Sellers So let's go take a look at Let's go back and take a look at hero. So there was a short setup in the s&p 500 and there was a So there's a question earlier about spy and spx looking on the hero chart. Let's go back We'll take a look at hero again. So again, i'm looking at the combined signal. Let's zoom out I'm going to zoom out for the regular trading hours here So there's from about nine o'clock and so far Has been Trending down negative delta positions up until about uh 130 when uh 130 145 eastern time where it seems to be trick uh to uh moving up So this is a combined signal spx and spy. It's combining this signal Which is bullish This is spx So this is pretty typical Uh traders are buying calls and buying puts But the call buyers are winning here. This is one Positive 1.14 billion. That's the notional value versus minus uh 604 million So the call buyers are winning Let's take a look at what spy traders are doing and overall the Hedging flow is negative. That's uh Minus 982. Let's see what traders are doing So for spy the put buyers are winning So their spy and the Overall chart looks a little bit more like spy than spx All right, so rj asks could you see the put call for The s and p 500. All right, so I showed that for spy and spx. We'll take a we'll take a quick look at Here's the s and p 500 Again, we'll take a look at Put some calls So this is showing that in this case put buyers are winning minus 2.7 billion versus 2 billion So put buyers are winning. All right, let's take a look at the rj wants to take a look at zero dte So there it is alone pretty insignificant Compared to the numbers that we just saw and pretty choppy as well There's all trades so In this case zero dte is not having I would say not having as much impact as the overall signal minus 176 million versus minus 963 million So I look at that occasionally But it it generally does not provide Any tradeable information Unless there's just a strong correlation All right, so let's wrap it up. Let's take a look at tesla And as usual tesla, there's a an extremely strong correlation between hedging flow and price action Traders were selling puts and buying calls in the morning And it looks like they've continued Come back from launch and starting to buy calls and sell puts again Let's take a look at book map and we'll wrap it up there So here's tesla And tesla the order flow is In my mind typically pretty easy to read And here's a case There's a question about CVD before from rj and and for rj for tesla. I typically do look at CVD It does provide valuable information And you can see that hero is rising And look at the all these green dots coming in Market buy orders So tesla was very bullish this morning And a quick rise up to the liquidity at 185 and 186 And now it looks like traders are coming in again And in this case the order flow is still Looking bearish. So the trade was long Tesla in the morning shortly after the open With the rising CVD rising hero Okay, that is uh, that's all I had for today. I think I've answered all your questions and Oh, excuse me, uh, so just keep in mind again the f1c meeting starts tomorrow And the announcement On wednesday at 2 p.m And then also wednesday is the vix exploration. There was a Discussion in the spot gamma am founders note About behavior around the vix exploration Sometime last year could lead to a rally But anyway, we'll we'll keep an eye out for that So again, thank you very much for your for watching for your questions and comments And I will see you tomorrow