The brand new Naruto DLC is finally here. That is right, I am talking about Byron Mode Naruto and Naruto Taborito Shinobi Strikers. Now I've actually been excited for this character for a long time now. So excited in fact that I decided to hop in as a refrawls before even fully understanding what all of the Ninjutsu did. This might end up getting out of hand pretty fast. Here we are, our first match with Byron Mode Naruto and to be honest, I don't think the competition looks that crazy. Ooh, I need to test out all my abilities too.   Let's go. I need to test out my abilities anyway. Ooh, oh my god, damn, I got hands. That's just my normal ability. Hold on, what's my other Ninjutsu? Oh, my other Ninjutsu gives me time to just be Byron Mode Naruto for free? For free, I just deactivated it, but it's free. Oh, and then for my substitute, I get to crash? This character's nuts. This character's already gonna pop that bubble. All right, so I see we're just gonna throw a lot of bubbles, huh? What, it tracks for forever? Help! He's still popping bubbles at me. I'm just gonna, let me just pummel this guy. Me, me, me, me, me.  I accidentally deactivated my Jutsu. Let me see on the fly what this actually does. Pierce the enemy with a mighty tail of chakra while active it automatically attacks enemies within range and disables enemies' Ninja Tools. What? And it reduces their secret technique gauge. So I just become a walking and vulnerable beast with this on? Here, hold on, let me test it on this guy. Oh, he's Byron Mode 2, nevermind, nevermind, nevermind. Oh, you know what? Let's just mess him up. Hold on, hold on, let me get a piece. Let me get a piece of that. Let me get a piece. All I wanted was a piece. No! Oh, sub that, sub that. Charge!  The sub is so good. Oh, damn, damn, he's hitting me with the tail of chakra. That's what it looks like. Damn! Byron Mode class goes crazy. People are just smacking me around. All right, let me get back in there though. Now we need to build up to the alt itself Byron Mode. Fully recovers health and Ninja Jutsu and increases physical abilities. That's just when we go crazy. We need the ultimate so we can just go crazy. Let me get back in the action. Let me go crazy. Let me go crazy. Me, me, me, me, me, me, me. Where you think you going? Where did you think you were going though? Oh, he's invisible, but it doesn't matter. It doesn't matter. My ability sees through invisibility. That is cheap. It doesn't, oh, look at him. He's hiding in the Kamui dimension. This guy thinks he's real. Oh, no, no, no, no. He thinks he's real safe up there too.  Look at him hiding. Look at him hiding. I know he's here too. It doesn't matter if he's hiding. Because I'll just sense him out with Byron mode. Oh, he's hiding in his pocket dimension.  We can't fight him.  Bro, he's ridiculously annoying.  Look at that fly around. I can respect it. I can respect it. Oh, who are we fighting? Who are we fighting? I hope you weren't fighting me. I hope you weren't fighting me. Now, where you going? Oh, damn, damn, damn. Damn, that move is brutal. Me, me, me, me, me, me, me, me. Combos. Who and I? Oh, don't take my kill. Don't take my kill. I can't fight bad. I got the kill. I got the KO though. We're still in dead last. Man, I got to get used to the class. We've got to go after number one. As much as it pains me to say, we've got to go after number one. So, I've just got to do it then. Damn, everybody's using the Byron mode barrage. Byron mode engage. Switching to maximum offense mode. Nope, missed. I need to go after number one. No, I need to go after number one. Who are you? Damn it.  Can you see I'm trying to get number one down? Oh my God. And this guy is annoying. I'm just going to hit him just so I can hit him. Oh, brother, he hides. Oh, the Byron tail is so cool. Get him out of here.  He's running after number one. He just went Byron mode. He's in the mode. What do I do? What do I do? He's too strong. Oh, give me this. Give me the combo. Tail, tail swing. The bubble guy's on my back again. Bubble guy, please stop. Combos, Kunai resets. I don't know how he lived that. Got him. An assist. That was not an assist. That was not an assist. I didn't even get to Byron mode. No, I didn't even get my ultimate. All right, I'm going in. I'm going in this next match. No, the bubble guy's back. Oh my God, he's using keep away from me, Jutsu. There he is. There's the bubble guy. This time, I'm going crazy. Actually, that's not him. That's not the bubble guy. This is a random snowman. Shadow clones, we dodge those. We don't even play with that. Turn on the Byron mode tail. He's got demon mode. They countered myself? Turn on the mode. Yeah, tail. Oh, look at me. I can block and play the game at the same time. Oh, damn. No. It was supposed to lock onto them. Block that. Back up. Back up. I'm playing offense here. Another sub. The tail's on. It plays the game for me automatically. Look, Byron mode just plays the game automatically. Mink, mink, mink, mink, mink. Oh, get him out of there. It's a close duel though. I don't know if I win these. To be brutally honest, I don't know if I win these. I don't win these. I don't win these. Demon slash is crazy. Out. Demon slash, always a crazy Jutsu. We got to get revenge. It's okay if you go out first. What's important is how you respond. And right now, I think my response is going to be written in ink. This is going to be some, oh my God, there he is. The little bubble guy dude. There's the little bubble guy.  The magic, get out of there. Hey, the bubbles are so cheap. Oh, I'm blocking, but I get to play the game. The tail does all the work. Oh, nine tails. Cool. I'm gonna look it out for me. I'm blocking. I'm blocking, but my guard's broken. Ah! Can we please get the bubble guy? We all need to agree that he is the most annoying. They are following me. They are trying to get me. Damn, they want me dead.  Back up. I'm going in with my full assault. Oh, and bubble guy just continues to meet expectations. He's just bubbling. Oh, stay against the wall. Oh, oh, not me, Carmega. Oh my God, look at that. I got him. And look at bubble guy just still blowing bubbles down there.  And I can't even fight him because he has a pocket dementia. So I'm just gonna run. Look at this. Do you like this? No. Stay back Koopa. Stay back. Look at him. He's so desperately wants to fight. Hey, who you fighting? Cause it's gonna be me. Me, turn on my tail and block. I just blocked. I dodged the bubbles. Why is Bubble Guy all over me right now? Oh, there he is. Okay, run from Bubble Guy, run from Bubble Guy. He found me! He found me! Run!  Ha ha! You better back to f- Oh, the bubble hit me. Damn it. Number one most unpredictable ninja I can predict every move he takes for the entire game. That build is cheap. I'ma be honest, the bubbles is crazy.  Oh, get him out of the sky though. He immediately subs. Come here, come here. Oh, the tail better go crazy. You can block all you want. The tail's gonna play the game for me. Bow, bow. Damn the damage is crazy. Look at it, it's just smacking him around. And somebody hit me with an ultimate. It was Bubble Guy. Damn, get it!  You know what? I don't even care. I don't even care. To be honest, I'm about to just activate full buyer remote. I'm about to just activate my opening. Ultimate just call it a day. But first I'ma knock this guy around a little bit. As it gives me full health too.  It's time. It's because Byron mode saps secret technique. I forgot about that. It saps the secret technique away So that means in this lobby, I just have no choice but to act it. No I didn't even get to act of it and I got last place. All right. I'm going nuts this next game Please give me a rematch against bubble guy. I need my run back. Hey right now. I need a win I don't see the bubble guy just yet. I kind of wanted my run back though. Oh, he's not here He's not here, but there I am Byron Monardo. I'm about to go off now. I know that it's saps secret technique I already technically knew that but I didn't really account for other people doing that to me for some reason I it was a very like one-sided thing in my mind wait somebody's jumping on me. No wait No, he's not he's up there. What are these guys fighting about? Hey, hey, you guys want to cut me in on the party Oh, these guys are Byron Modes. Haha.  Oh, what's the matter? You got yourself here. I come What's happening?  Oh, there's another bubble guy It might not be the same bubble. It is not it is not the same bubble guy Damn the substitute just being a one-go is kind of crazy though. Like that is not very I don't think that's very optimal in this game It's a nice get-back maneuver. It does good damage, but they can counter it and you only get one sub It's a little dangerous. It's a good thing. I like to live dangerously then I'm getting my movement back to the thing is this game has a lot of like if you want to move Oh Already used my one sub. This is this there's too many Byron Modes in one match. We're all just talking each other Haha. Oh, no, I know you ain't right it for me.  See, he has a- he has one that can pop up a little bit more. His sub goes out a little bit more. More cooldown. I'm dead. I'm dead. No sub. Damn, the sub being only one is really getting me in this mode. I just gotta play a little more carefully then. Other people are using the sub, so I've gotta just- I've gotta just change it up. I can't be getting caught like that. Put out the tails. Put out the tails. Get the fist to fly him. There we go. Focus on him, he's weak. Focus on him, he's weak right now. Blood in the water, gotta get him. There we go, got him. Big 70 points, we're in third. Sub, sub that, Jockham, get off me. Cameraman going a little crazy. Cameraman not loving this. Whoa, he's got reset combos. Not me! What the- Manson, Innocent Man getting bullied and went for the kill. That reset combo was nuts. Alright, clutch up and win these. Clutch up and win these. Where you going? Where you going? Nah, you ain't going nowhere. Oh, smack him around then. Get him, nine tails, get him. Yeah! Yeah! I love that that's just automatic, it feels so funny. And it'd just be swinging on anybody too. It don't even matter who I'm targeting. He activated full Byron mode. They're both in full Byron mode. He just did the Resaingon. He's chasing him down. Oh my goodness. What was that? I want to do that. He did the Resaingon from the show. That moment that I said was so cool. Oh my gosh, the chase down is crazy. I'm in last place again. And I wouldn't worry about it because I still- My ultimate's right on the way, but my hand is just so up there right now. Somebody take out number one. We've got to take out number one. No. I don't even want to fight- Oh shit! He hit me with the full ultimate. We need to come back. Oh, and they keep spawning me across the map. Stop spawning me across the map. I just want to get in the action. I subbed just so I could get to him closer.  Look at the ultimate discharge. Where's this guy even fighting me from? No! Another match where I just got my ultimate sapped away. Block it! Block it! Get off me. I'm going into the next match with my head held at least. Is that Luffy? Is that Luffy?  Okay. I have a full appreciation for the strength and weaknesses of Byron Mode now. This is going to be the ultimate game. This one proves it all. And first, I got to jump somebody. I got to jump somebody. That's number one. For number one, I got to get my licks in early. Number two, I can't lose my ultimate to other Byron Modes. It's just too risky. Smack him away. Don't deactivate the Jutsu. A Libras that's going to sap away more of my ultimate, which is not awesome. All right, so whoever strikes first has a really strong star here. Dynamic entry breaks guard immediately. The combination of Byron Mode with other stuff is what makes it so crazy. Having the full Byron Mode built, there's some weaknesses here. Like you can't, the sub is one time only. We've got to play around it. We've got to play around it better. Let me out. Let me out. Oh no, it's younger me. He's fully invincible. He's fully invincible. Now he's not.  Hey, I found the AFK player first. They took my kill.  They're doing the Byron Mode barrage. No, I just blocked those. I'm not losing my ultimate anymore. Give me that ultimate. Give me your ultimate. I'm sealing it away for good. All right, that means they're up. There's just probably almost off cooldown too. No, my ultimate. Back. Smack them away, tail. Smack them away. No. My tail should have taken care of that for me. Friend of the nine tails. This guy knows my power better than I do. Get him out of here. Perfect. That's a big KO. We're in third. Activate Byron Mode just block.  I name it. H3 breaks guards. It's a bad matchup. It's a bad matchup. I need to use my guard. Luffy. You should have stayed in one piece. No. Oh, no, no, no, no. At least I still have my ultimate. The old charge is good. Dollar money sign, smile of face. Whatever their name is, they're getting too high up there though. I need more time to actually get into full Byron Mode. Leave them alone. Leave them alone. No, another resist. That was huge. No. What are you screaming about? Another resist. Always the bridesmaid. Never the ninja getting the actual kill. I don't have my sob. I'm just getting bullied. I am getting hardcore bullied right now. Hey, hey, don't fight younger me. Only I can fight younger me. Don't worry, younger me. I got you.  Tailswipe. Tailswipe. Who's trying to attack me from over there? Somebody really tried to spit at me. Byron Mode. He saved up to get another sub. That's rare. He hit me. That's fine. That was a good grind session. I don't mind dying there. He's doing his ultimate. Oh, Dama Rasenghan? I think he might have killed the first place. Give me that ultimate charge, Luffy. Give me that ultimate charge. Yeah. I don't feel like that. Ross and Cherkan was close. Yep. I heard it pretty close in my ear too. It's okay. We have Byron Mode. We can activate it now. We're going to get in. We're going to do a little bit of deeps. And then once we're low, we pop it. We're done playing games. This is it.  I'm win. Ross and Cherkan, I jump these. It's time. Let's go. That looks so good. Oh, that's one.   Oh, my God. I'm different. Oh, my God. I'm fast. And now it's time for the Rasenghan. Whoa. Let's go. Wait. Night guy. Of course. I got bodied by night guy. Everybody did. This whole video is me getting bodied in Byron Mode. There's got to be time. There's got to be time. Hey, leave him alone. Oh, never mind.  Even when we got our ultimate, we couldn't get the W. Damn it. I just had to. I needed more time to learn. Luffy won. That is not Luffy. That's going to do it for our first attempt with Byron Mode, but I will be back. I know the ins and outs now. I get the idea. You know what? Maybe I just need to pass off some of these skills to my real character, Amoli. Maybe that's what I got to do to win these matches. I think that could be the hidden secret. But I'll be back with another Byron Mode Nardo video. Hopefully you guys enjoyed this one. If you did, leave a like, subscribe, check out the other videos, and I will see you in the next one.


Episode 9 – Fueling of Freer Future Defending fossil fuels is one of the hardest positions to take in modern discourse, but it is a necessary one, in a time when ideologues advocate for creeping authoritarianism in our daily lives without considering the real consequences of their ideas. We must shift the conversation away from climate hysteria and toward human flourishing. So what does a pro-human energy program look like? First, we must recognize that the true threat to civilization is a lack of reliable energy, not its production. Ideology masquerading as science has resulted in decades of red tape and regulation leading to massive investments in solar panels, windmills, and other energy sources that have proven to be unreliable. The construction of oil and gas refineries and the production of other infrastructure necessary to grow energy production requires a tremendous amount of capital and time. So long as the shadow of major regulatory uncertainty and privileges for so-called green energy looms over the energy sector, we will not see the improvements necessary to better utilize our reliable energy resources. We shouldn't simply rely on traditional energy sources, however. Nuclear is an incredible energy source, with the capacity to provide clean and reliable energy at a low cost. It is a truly viable alternative to fossil fuels. Unfortunately, fear campaigns have built a labyrinth of red tape around nuclear too, effectively criminalizing nuclear power development. This has made the nuclear power that is produced more expensive. Allowing a market in nuclear power to flourish could achieve the energy revolution so many allegedly desire, without sacrificing human thriving. Responsible civilizations seek serious solutions to the problems they face. Instead, the modern-day environmentalist movements have created death cults that have traumatized new generations. A 2020 survey found that 71% of U.S. millennials and 67% of Generation Z feel climate change has negatively affected their mental health. This is the direct result of the teachings of corrupted institutions, with a long record of promoting false alarmism to gain political control. The battle for liberty rarely enjoys such institutional support, telling the truth is often lonely and unpopular. But we all suffer the consequences of living in a society guided by lies and propaganda. In the words of Ludwig von Mises, the heroic Austrian economist, everyone carries a part of society on his shoulders. No one is relieved of his share of responsibility by others. And no one can find a safe way for himself if society is sweeping towards destruction. Therefore, everyone in his own interests must thrust himself vigorously into the intellectual battle. No one can stand aside with unconcerned the interests of everyone hanging on the result. Whether he chooses or not, every man is drawn into the great historical struggle, the decisive battle into which our epic has plunged us.


So we're here today to talk about a mechanism that identifies the type of device connecting to a Wi-Fi network. It can be quite specific. It can tell the difference between an iPhone 5s and an iPhone 5, between a Samsung Galaxy S7 and an S8, between a We-Things scale and a Nest thermostat. Classically, this kind of client detection will be called fingerprinting like the OS fingerprinting mechanisms in NMAP. However, in its current usage, the term fingerprinting has evolved to mean identification of specific users like browser fingerprinting. And, well, the word fingerprint kind of refers to an individual's fingers. As the mechanism discussed here identifies the species of the device and not the individual user, we refer to it as Wi-Fi taxonomy. It identifies the species. We'll get a chance to try it in the last few minutes during time for questions. The mechanism works by examining Wi-Fi management frames called MLME frames. These are frames used to join, leave, and configure the Wi-Fi network. They're not TCP IP packets. They're not routable. They don't leave the Wi-Fi network. We'll focus on two specific types of frames. The probe request is where a Wi-Fi client can ask for all nearby APs or one specific AP to respond. The client includes information about itself and its capabilities in the request, and the AP can respond with its own capabilities in the response. We'll also look at the association request, which is where a client joins a Wi-Fi network. The client includes many of the same capabilities as were in its probe request, plus a few more.  But for the taxonomy mechanism we're talking about today, we'll just rely on these two. Information elements are type-length value tuples packed one after another in the management frame. They're all optional, though in practice a few are universal because Wi-Fi can't work without them. Each Wi-Fi standard has added more types of information elements. In the 802.11B days, there were very few. .11G added a few more. .11N and AC added a bunch more, and so on. And in addition to the standard elements, there is a mechanism for vendors to define their own. Vendor extensions are type-221 with an ID for the vendor called the organizationally unique identifier, or OUI, and then followed by a subtype so that the vendor can define multiple of their own types. Because the length field provides enough information to skip over the IE, any Wi-Fi client device can interoperate whether it understands that vendor extension or not. It just skips over the ones that it doesn't implement. This is the association frame from an iPhone 7 plus as broken out by Wireshark. The association request includes the SSID that the client wants to join, information about its supported rates and channels, about its power levels and its radio management capabilities, plus three vendor extensions from Microsoft, Broadcom, and Apple. A few of the vendor extensions are very widespread. The Microsoft extension shown here is for prioritization, and it's widely implemented even on devices that are not running any kind of Windows OS. The Broadcom extension is also quite widespread owing to how common Broadcom chipsets are. The Apple extension shown here was added in iOS 10.2. We don't really know what it is, but it was added on all devices running that version or later. The signature lists the tag numbers of the IEs that are present in the frame in the order that they appear as a text string of decimal numbers. For vendor extensions, it additionally includes the OUI of the vendor and that vendor's subtype. For this first part of the signature, we end up with the text shown in red on the slide. This part of the signature is most strongly influenced by the OS of the client device where the client Wi-Fi stack is implemented. It's next most strongly influenced by the Wi-Fi chipset, both in terms of the standards it supports and on any vendor extensions that that vendor implements in their driver. In addition to the tag numbers, a few of the information elements contain capability bit masks or other information which is useful in identifying the device. For example, 802.11n defines 16 bits of optional capabilities and .11ac defines 32 bits more. This is most strongly influenced by the chipset and the subset of the standard that's implemented by that ASIC. The transmit power information element depends strongly on the board design and how the antennas are laid out. Two devices built by the same manufacturer using the same software or even using the same Wi-Fi chipset will often have different TX power values because their board layouts are different. The number of antennas that are present is encoded in both the .11n and the .11ac capabilities, and it's also indicative of the board design. And there's an extended capabilities bit mask which contains even more optional elements. It's most strongly influenced by the driver and the WPA supplicant software. A number of the capability bit masks are appended in the signature to further differentiate it, also shown in red on this slide. Looking at the signature as we've discussed it so far, it has become more complex over time. This shows the association request portion of the signature for three devices. The first is from an original iPhone which is a .11g device. This taxonomy mechanism wouldn't have worked very well in that time frame. There was very little differentiation between devices. iPhone 4s is a .11n device introduced about four years later and it added a number of options to its management frames. iPhone 7 is from about five years after that and it's a .11ac device and it added even more. The full signature contains the list of IEs and the various bit masks from each of the probe request and the association request separated by a pipe. The whole thing is prefaced by Wi-Fi 4 because this is the fourth iteration of the signature format. Prepending that string allowed the Wi-Fi 1, 2, and 3 signatures to remain in the database while we were working on updating everything. We shall speak no more of the earlier formats. When you include all of this into the signature, it ends up being quite distinctive and it allows us to identify what the device is. The taxonomy signature is influenced by the client OS, by its Wi-Fi chipset, by its board layout. The current database of signatures identifies the most common Wi-Fi devices which are overwhelmingly phones nowadays. We have signatures for most widely sold phones and tablet devices of the last few years and a selection of other types of devices, like media streaming devices from Google, Apple, Roku, Amazon, and so forth, and Internet of Things devices from Nest, Honeywell, and We Things and so on. For larger devices like laptops and desktops which use a separate Wi-Fi card, this mechanism identifies the card. We had signatures for some laptops and desktop devices in the database but it was kind of ridiculous. There was one model of Apple's airport extreme card which could be a MacBook or an iMac or a Mac Pro, basically any machine of that generation. We couldn't tell them apart using this mechanism. Intel Centrino chipsets as used in Windows laptops are even less distinctive. It could be basically anything. So at this point, we don't even try. We don't add signatures from laptops or desktops into the database. It just tends to result in confusion and isn't very useful. Additionally, there are a few classes of device which we choose not to gather signatures for. First, we only want to focus on common devices, devices that lots of people are likely to have. And we use lists of top-selling consumer electronics over the last few years to target devices that we want to gather signatures for. If it's something that isn't very common or is unique, we don't really want to put it in the database. The other set of things that we don't add to the database are things that would make people uncomfortable if they saw it in the list of devices on their router. That includes various medical devices, devices of an adult nature, home incarceration monitoring devices, and so forth. Many devices have been seen to emit more than one signature, and so there's more than one entry for them in the database. For devices which support both 2.4 and 5 GHz operation, the signatures are almost always distinct. There are information elements that are only defined for one band or the other, and the whole of .11ac is only defined for 5 GHz operation. So if the device supports both bands, we gather signatures from each of the two bands. However, even in the same band, devices often have multiple signatures. They vary what they advertise based on the local conditions, like noise. This example shows two signatures from a Google Pixel phone. It varies its handling of beam forming, presumably based on the noise environment that it sees. Clients can also behave differently depending on what they see from the AP in response to their probe request. For example, if the AP says that it supports radio resource management, most Apple and some Android devices will include a spectrum management IE in their association request. That's IE number 70 highlighted and read in that list. Another example is that although .11ac is only really defined for 5 GHz operation, many vendors have a proprietary extension to it, which makes it operate on 2.4 GHz, and we will see the .11ac fields in their probe request. They typically only then include it in the association if they see the magic proprietary handshake back from the AP, and so it won't be in the associate. So when capturing signatures for the database, we use three different APs to maximize the chance of capturing different signatures. Sometimes we see the same signature from multiple devices. These examples are all devices using the Broadcom 43362 chip set, running Linux, using the same driver, same Wi-Fi supplicant, same WPA supplicant, and they're all old enough that they don't have a transmit power information element. The signatures are identical. They're an Amazon Dash button, a first alert thermostat, a Nexus 7 from 2012 Roku HD and a We-Thing Scale. In most cases like this, we distinguish them using the upper 24 bits of the MAC address, which is an organizationally unique identifier. OUIs are assigned to the manufacturer, and adding the OUI as a qualifier can distinguish similar devices from different manufacturers which have the same signature. We sometimes also use information from DHCP. The options present in a DHCP request can identify the OS. This was originally developed by the Fingerbank project, and that whole mechanism inspired this mechanism for Wi-Fi. However, using DHCP gets us further and further from the Wi-Fi layer, and so we try to be more sparing in using it. In particular, only the access point will be able to see the DHCP request unencrypted. Other devices like sniffer devices that might want to use this mechanism would not be able to rely on DHCP. However, there remain a few cases which are still troublesome, mainly devices made by the same vendor using the same software, the same chipset, and about the same time. Often the transmit power information will distinguish them due to differing board designs, but not always. For example, iPad Air, second generation, and iPhone 6S have the same signature. We can try to use heuristics like if the DHCP host name contains the string iPad, it's probably an iPad, but if nothing else, we return all of the possibilities that it's one of these. This mechanism was originally developed as part of a Wi-Fi AP project. We intended to focus on identifying the Wi-Fi chipset the client was using. We thought that if we could just know what that chipset is, then we'd be able to implement all kinds of very clever bug workarounds and we would make Wi-Fi perfect. As it turns out, if bugs can be worked around easily, they mostly work around them in the client software. Who knew? Instead, where this kind of information is currently used is in the UI of the router, where there's a list of connected clients. We can give an indication of what the client is. If the client included a useful host name in its DHCP request, then that's great. If it didn't or if it includes something like its serial number as its name, then it's much more helpful to say what we think it is to help the user identify it. We also use it to correlate with other performance information to break it out by the kind of client device. My colleague gave Repenner and gave a talk at NetDev 1.1 on this topic. The graph on this page is from that talk and it shows Wi-Fi throughput getting better and better as the client gets closer to the AP until it gets really close and then it starts dropping again. That's unusual. Most devices don't do that. And you only can see that this is happening if you break it out by the type of device and see that some of them do some weird things. In the future, we may use the mechanism for more. We might use it for optimizations based on the type of client device. In particular, if we can know how well it handles packet reordering, we could use that to get lower latency on average by allowing the occasional packet to arrive out of order rather than buffer all of them to keep them all in order. Also, wireless intrusion detection systems might be able to use information like this. If they think they know what kind of device it is, then they know what sorts of network activities would be reasonable from that device. Other resources. So we published a paper about the mechanism, which goes one level of detail deeper into how it works. And the dev talk that I mentioned earlier is linked from the slides, which you'll be able to get after the talk. That talk described the overall environment where this mechanism was used and how it was used in that environment. So the current status. The implementation to extract signatures for clients went into host APD in August of 2016. And it's present in host APD 2.6 and later. The database of known signatures is released as open source code within Apache license on GitHub. And the link is also in the slides. It currently identifies about 60% of Wi-Fi clients across a broad swath of the market. The remaining 40% of devices are mostly laptops and desktops, but with a very long tail of just other stuff that we don't know what it is. So what comes next? There's this thing, which can identify an interesting subset of Wi-Fi client devices. The signature mechanism is in host APD. The database has been released as open source, but it's only useful if it's integrated into other products and systems. Wi-Fi APs, wireless intrusion detection systems, and anything else interesting that people think of. And so one of the main reasons for this talk is to build awareness that this thing exists and it's available for use. Other things that we need to do are develop tools for gathering signatures. It's a pretty manually intensive process right now, which means me. So also the longer we've been at it, the more we realize that the client responds to things that it sees from the AP. We've been using three APs for a long time. We need to start using even more and more different types of APs to make sure that we're getting the different signatures devices can emit. Other things that might happen in the future. So this talk has been all about how APs can identify client devices, but running it in reverse would probably work as well. A client device could list off the information elements that are present in the beacon that it sees from an AP and maybe in the probe response that it sees from the AP and use it to identify what type of AP that it's talking to. And then the client for any kind of performance or quality measurements that it does can also be associated with the brand and model of AP. So I surveyed coworkers about whether to run a demo. As you can see the results were quite encouraging. So you can try it. And you might be able to try it. Let me move it back. You might be able to try it. Okay. You can join the SSID is smell of Wi-Fi talk and the password is all lower case smell of Wi-Fi talk. And the system will try to identify what kind of device it is. I, to make sure that the demo worked, use the Nexus 4. There you go. Nexus 6P. Any questions? So the question is about voting and polling systems. Yes. I would not use this mechanism for protecting voting polling places. Other questions? Okay. Thank you.


This is Doctomer 9J147A. We are here at Summit Automotive in Fond du Lac, Wisconsin near new and used Jeep and Jeep Grand Cherokee headquarters. Today, we are checking out this very clean 2019 Jeep Grand Cherokee Upland package. This vehicle has the award-winning 3.6 liter Pentastar V6 motor and And has been fully safety and inspected by our service shop has a fresh oil and filter change all the fluids have been checked and topped off and This Jeep is 100% ready to go Diamond black pearl is the color we shoot all of our videos in 1080p 60 frames per second So if you have HD capabilities on your computer tablet or smartphone device Turn them on right now because it is like you were right here looking at the Jeep with me and definitely your best way To check out the vehicle quality and condition before you see it in person And if you want to check out more photos of this Jeep in the upper right hand part of your screen is a link right to our website So click that and check us out there comes with the 20 inch painted alloy rims Goodyear Wrangler all-terrain adventure tires These are 265 50 r20s, and you can see they have probably bought. I don't know 90% of the tread left and The one little tidbit that you're gonna get from this video That you're probably not going to see in our ad because we don't like to put it out there But I will say that this Jeep was personally driven by Packers running back Aaron Jones This was his demo that we did for him for doing our radio program here in town and Yeah, so kind of a neat little backstory to the history on this Jeep But very clean on this side passenger side fender no denser dings and that and the passenger side rim No scuffs or scrapes on there as you go down this side of The vehicle you can see just how clean the body is how reflective and mirror like that paint is We take these HD videos So if you are far away or even if you're close by and just cannot make the trip down You can still see the vehicle hear the vehicle and have confidence In the vehicle you're looking at before you even get here so that when you do get here There's absolutely no surprises and Very clean down this side in fact We offer a summit auto fast-pass option in the upper right hand part of your screen a link right to our website where you can Apply for financing get pre-approved see a payment quote even appraise a trade off from the comfort of your own home Back rim no scuffs or scrapes and the back tires have just as much tread as the front tires Four-wheel disc brakes on these grand Cherokees. So getting to the upland package Get the 20-inch blacked-out rims rear bumpers in really nice shape didn't see any major dents dings or cracks on that you get the I think it's called Viper blue. I think it's Viper blue Around the Jeep logo and around the grand Cherokee logo on the side of the doors That's part of the upland package as well And you'll see that it has the blue stitching on the inside as well back storage area is very clean And it does come with a full-size spare tire and jack tools This is a power lift gate. So you just press this button. It'll beep at you three times and it'll come on down So you get the LED tail lamps and the LED license plate lights And on this side of the Jeep just as clean as that passenger side Didn't see any dents or dings on that rear quarter there and for full disclosure this back rim is An excellent shape as well no scuffs or scrapes on that Does have the capitalist fuel fill and as we go down the rest of this side no dents no dings.  There are no tears on the seats. They're in excellent condition. You get the diamond Stitching or design on there and it does come with factory floor mats throughout Auto headlamps tilt and telescopic steering wheel. There's that blue stitching on the doors there Power windows power locks power mirrors and you do get the black rose grain wood grain finish there Inside you get the seven inch lcd display With the digital spinometer. You also can see it as five thousand nine hundred and thirty four miles You get an outside temperature and compass display as well And the instrument cluster is very nice and clean. You also get that blue stitching On the steering wheel cruise controls on the right bluetooth and information center controls on the left And that is a heated steering wheel as well. You get these seven inch Display here on the radio am f m n series xm radio capabilities You can also do your heated seats and heated steering wheel buttons there as well as your backup camera What's cool about this radio is that it doesn't have nav But you can do your android auto to project or apple carplay to project to the screen So it has those capabilities And it does have the dual climate control down here. You'll also have your backup sensors start stop technology eco mode Um sport mode and you can turn the stability control off You also get the entry and go system with the remote start on the key fob And this one does have the quadra track two system. So the quadra track two system is going to give you the terrain settings snow Snow sand auto mud and rock as well as a neutral setting for flat towing downhill assist control and four-wheel drive low eight-speed automatic transmission passenger seat and Floor mat are in excellent condition. This vehicle has never been smoked in smells very clean and the power sunroof is there as well Home link buttons for your garage door security systems and lane systems and your map lights up there We'll take a quick look at the back seats and then we'll check out under the hood Back seats are just clean as the front seats. No rips. No tears back here Does have the latch child safety system for any child car seats you may have really like that diamond design on the seats You also have 115 volt 150 watt plug-in back here as well factory floor mats And these seats do fold down for extra storage And they go down really nice and flat. So you get all that room back there to haul extra things We'll take a quick look under the hood and I would personally like to thank you for checking out the video today You get that wood grain trim and the blue stitching back here and the child safety locks And hopefully from this hd video You will have been able to tell just how clean this jeep is all the way around inside note I'll set that chrome trim on the grill there Get the blue outline on the jeep lettering on the hood as well Under the hood we have the award-winning 3.6 liter Pentastar v6 motor engine bay is very clean runs very smooth This vehicle has been fully safety and inspected by our service shop has a fresh oil and filter change All the fluids have been checked and topped off And this jeep is 100% ready to go To see more pictures of this jeep or one of our other 450 new and used cars trucks SUVs mini vans wranglers Half tons three quarter tons one tons. You name what we got it go to our website www.summitauto.com Full pictures and descriptions of every single vehicle from two locations all at summit auto.com If you'd like to check out more hd videos, you can go to youtube.com slash summit auto Remember to like subscribe and share on this video and all the videos that you see there In fact in a second you will see a link to subscribe to our youtube channel on your left A link to more grand Cherokee videos like this one on your right If you've not been to our website on the bottom link to this vehicle on our website click those check us out And we really look forward to helping with this extremely clean 2019 jeep grand Cherokee upland edition. Thanks again


In our news now, a pregnant woman who was one of the abducted passengers in the Kaduna train attack of March, the 28, has been released by the terrorists, a member of the consent relatives of abducted persons, Sunny Musa, Consent Development. The pregnant woman, Tamina Mahmood was said to have been released in compassionate spirit. She and 61 others had spent 45 days in captivity. Please do subscribe to our YouTube channel and don't forget to hit the notification button so you get notified about fresh news updates.


Hello everybody, Andrea Mayesca here with Dental L. So what do you do after your child has had a negative experience at the dental office? So it could be because of a number of different things. It could be because they had come in, they had a cavity, that's it, but that just seemed to just traumatize them, right? Maybe they saw the needle, maybe they just, you know, were having a bad day and didn't do well. So now they don't want to go to the dentist at all. They might be kicking, screaming, the whole works. It could have even just been before that when they had heard from you or seen from you or somebody they know that the dentist office is a bad place. So they might just not want to go. So I have seen that many, many times where parents come to me and say, my child's four years old. They haven't seen a dentist before, but they're terrified. Like, what do I do, you know? So let me just offer you guys some advice. Now I do see a lot of kids. Most of my patients are kids it seems, not every day, but most days. I just see a lot of kids. So I have learned a lot. And kids thankfully seem to like me.  So I take that as a good sign. So sometimes, so let's just say your child has been to the dentist before and they did have some bad experiences. So they might have had a cavity. They might have had many cavities. They might have seen the needle. They don't like the needle, whatever, right? It could have been anything because kids are kids. It could be anything. So what do you do?  But also I suggest going somewhere new, okay? Because if you keep taking them back to the same place and say things like, oh, well, that won't happen again. Well, it might happen again if they get a cavity, right? Just take them somewhere new and say, oh, my friend Andrea or, you know, whoever. Don't call them the dentist. Don't call them the doctor. Don't call them the hygienist. Say, oh, well, we are going to see my friend Andrea today. And she is going to look at your teeth. You know, that's it. She will polish them. It will be so much fun. We are so lucky to have her, you know. And that's what's nice for me, is that people love seeing me because I can come to your home because I have a mobile dental hygiene practice where I come to you. And with kids, I love it. I have toys. I have coloring books. I have all kinds of exciting things, okay, for them. So if they do a good job, I like to give them a toy afterwards. I have a lot of, you know, toys. They can pick one thing. Plus they get their own toothbrush and toothpaste. And I do, you know, talk to them the whole time. So even if they've been to the dentist's office many, many times before, I will still show them everything. Like I will pick up a, you know, non-sharp instrument and say to them, okay, see this? This is what I will be using to, you know, touch all of your teeth, kind of like that.  And they go, oh yeah, you know what? Cool. And then I show them my polisher and say, you know, this is what I use to polish. And in fact, it does even, you know, tickle a little bit. And then they go, he, he, he, you know, they love it. So I do show them everything. I take my time with them. I'm nice, but I am also firm, you know, so they can't push me around, but I am nice about it too, because I, I will not see anybody who's, you know, kicking, screaming the whole works because I want them to have a good experience. So if you've had issues with that before, let me know. And then I am more than happy to help because I come to you. So if you have one kid, two kids, three kids, heck, I can see them all one after another. It doesn't matter if they're three years old, 10 years old, 18 years old, it doesn't matter because I come to you. Plus it's a lot easier for you too, you know, like I can be cleaning somebody's teeth, you can be having your coffee, heck, you could be having a nap, you know, you could be watching TV, you could be cooking lunch, you know, whatever it is, I don't mind because I come to you and it's just so much easier for you. Heck, it's easier for me. It's easier for the kids, everybody. And that's where things are at now, you know, we like things to be convenient. But for kids especially, it's just so much nicer for them because it's something new.  It's something new, it's something different. And anytime that they see or hear of something new, they go, oh, you know what, cool. So they don't think they're going to the doctor, going to the dentist because they're seeing me at their house. So if that helps you guys, but you know, just with anything, if your child's nervous, it doesn't matter how they are, just be as positive as possible.  Do not mention the word hurt.  Just tell them, hey, Andrea's here to just have a look. She will polish the teeth and then, you know, we will go from there. If they have a cavity, we will go from there. But I like to keep everything positive. Again, it doesn't matter how old or how young your child is. I am more than happy to help them out. Okay. So I hope that helped. If you guys have any questions, please make sure to comment below. I am so, so happy to help. And thank you guys so much. I will see you in the next one.