tuning back into in the studio here at Davis Media Access in Davis, California. This is a show where we highlight local newsmakers and organizations, topics of interest. We also use it as a hands-on learning lab for our many community volunteers. So a shout out to the volunteers crewing today under the direction of studio manager Diane Dodoschka. Today we're talking about Healthcare For All California, which is an organization based in Nevada that works to advocate for single-payer health care in California. We all know that health care nationally has been nothing but a hot button issue. But in California, we sometimes do things a little bit differently. With me today are Davis residents Dan and Millie Bronstein. Dan is the state chapter chair of Healthcare For All California, and Millie is the Yellow County chapter coordinator or chair. So welcome to you both. Thanks so much for coming in. This interview came about because I've been on your email list for a while. And I know there was a bill, I think it was a Senate Bill 562 that you were doing a lot of work on for a while. So let's get to that in a minute. Let's start with what the organization does and what the bulk of your work has been. I believe you said you've been the chair of the statewide for three years. Yes, this is my third year that I'm completing as statewide chair. And we have nearly 1,000 members from Humboldt County in the north all the way down to San Diego County in the south. And we're divided into 18 chapters. And our goal, it's in our bylaws, is to achieve a quality health care system for all residents of the state of California using a single payer financing system. Let's talk about that a little bit for not everyone may know what single payer means and how it is financed. So can you explain? Absolutely. And this is central to the concept. Rather than having many different private insurance companies, all of whom want to achieve large profits and have substantial administrative costs, we will have one agency that will pay everyone's health care bills. That's the single payer. And this agency could be a special fund outside the budget, the formal budget of the state of California, which would be set up to pay people's bills. So not dissimilar to how things are done in the UK, for example, centralized. Actually, Autumn, I'm going to smile and object. UK is very different. I'm here to learn too. The good example will be our next door neighbor, Canada. Canada has had a single payer system for quite a while. And the system is really quite simple. Everybody pays a certain small tax to their provincial government in Canada. And each province has a fund which then pays everyone's health care bills. So health care is a very confusing issue. And so this is why we wanted to have you in today. So 18 chapters, and Yolo has, I'm guessing, probably a pretty active chapter. Fairly, yes. We have about 50 members and ebbs and flows in terms of people paying their dues. In terms of supporters and people who are on our mailing list, I think we've got about more than 400 or so throughout the year. So how does the work of, say, the policy directors from the statewide level, how does that trickle down and manifest at the county level chapter? Well, we are focusing on education and advocacy. So we're really trying to do outreach to the community in whatever form we can. So there's tabling at the markets at times, or some other areas. There's giving a house party where you might have a small group of people, and we'll be talking about the various things. Or actually doing presentations at organizations and from churches to service clubs and faith groups, and showing the films and having panels. So there's a variety of ways of getting the information out. But then also informing our legislators what the needs are, what their constituents are concerned about, and why we believe that the single-payer system is the way to go. And I opened with, we do things a little bit different here in California. I know there's been some back and forth. You mentioned a column in the B this morning written by Dan Walters that talks about this very issue. What's the gist of what's happened in California and where we might be going? That's a big question, I realize. Yes, well, let's start by saying that about a little over a year ago, actually in May of 2017, the California State Senate passed a bill setting up a policy that the state would work toward a single-payer system. That was 562, I mentioned that. Yes, right. And of course, then since the Senate was the House of Origin, it went over to the assembly. And upon arrival in the assembly, Speaker Rendon tabled it in the rules committee. When it's tabled in the rules committee, there's no action possible. So it's been sitting there in that committee for over a year now without action. OK. Go ahead, Milly. And I'm just going to say there's been a long history in California of activities around single-payer starting back in the 90s when the grassroots movement was formed and then HCA became an organization. And we do have throughout the state. So we've had two previous single-payer bills that were actually passed in 2006 and 2008 that were vetoed by Governor Schwarzenegger. Now, Walter's referenced the fact that he said health care for all in California is kind of a foregone conclusion. What do you mean by that? Well, I think just about every politician, including all the ones that are running this fool and are the ones who are the top two, say we must have a universal health care system. But the real question is, how is it going to be financed and how is it going to be administered? And that's where we get into a lot of controversy.  Let's pass it because it's a buzzword because everyone's talking about it then without getting down in the nitty gritty of, how do you finance something like that? And how do you manage something like that, too? Well, let's take those two questions separately, financing and management. For one thing, a distinguished professor at UC, now he was moving to the University of Massachusetts where he has a special organization that looks at health care financing. Name is Robert Pollan. He did a study more than a year ago now showing that we can finance a single payer system with a relatively small and carefully constructed sales tax which would eliminate the taxes on food. We don't pay sales tax on food. And would have a floor where the low income people would not have to pay it. But with that tax level, it would be about two and three quarter percent, we could finance all the health care that Californians need. And that means everyone from infants to seniors. And do it for 40, and I'm gonna use the word carefully, billion with a B, less than the state of California now pays. Wolters in his column today mentions 400 billion. Professor Pollan and his research crews felt we could do it for 360 billion. Wow. So it would essentially replace what exists now as MediCal and other programs and become one big umbrella. And on what's very important and every listener should know this, it would replace all health care premiums, all deductibles. For example, some people have insurance that requires a four or $5,000 deductible, which they often have difficulty paying. It replaces copays. All the ways we typically spend money out of pocket would be replaced by this simple sales tax. Yeah, my family pays close to $1,000 out of pocket to cover a self-employed person and a couple of kids. And part of the, it's almost like a smoke screen that, what's in the media, because this has been an issue that has been extensively studied, and we certainly have the healthcare policy people and the economists that are capable of figuring out there's a lot of technicalities in being able to work with the federal government to implement the financing of it. But what the tabling of 562 does is takes the public debate away, where you cannot work on a bill and actually hash out the details of it. Yeah, yeah. Furthermore, I'm going to add that in today's column, Walters mentions the potential of a new bill, which was added to the state budget process just a few weeks ago. And it's an assembly bill? Yeah, it's an assembly bill that would create a new commission that would take three or four years to report on the kind of system we need. Meanwhile, we have a terribly inhumane system right now, not only do patients of abhorred, but any healthcare professional also finds it completely unconstructive, not helpful. Sure, I think they would really like to spend more than five minutes with each patient. I'm not staring at a computer the whole time. And not having to get permission from the insurance company to send somebody to a specialist or run a test or anything like that, right? So thank you for circling back to the bill that had been SB 562 that had been tabled. Because where do you go from here as advocates? What are your next steps going to be? Well, I think this goes back to our education and our advocacy. And we certainly got a real boost when during the presidential race, when Sanders kept bringing it up because over the 20 some odd years that California has been working on it, the media does not cover any of the advocacy actions. And so that we are getting more public than knowledgeable and getting out there. And what's really holding up is the political will and the only way to change political will is for the constituents to then let their legislators know that this is what's going on with me and this is why we need it. And we need it earlier than later because it took a good four years to even get the Affordable Care Act implemented in California. So if we were to have passed 562 this year, we're still looking at time to put that in. And so there's a sense of urgency. So to try, I'm really pleased that you're having this conversation so that people can really start thinking about, yes, I can be part of this movement because I need to have my voice included. There's nothing more powerful than people telling their own stories. This is something I say often here in the context of community media. People telling their own stories isn't incredibly powerful. So sharing them with the legislator, how difficult their path has been, how hard it's been to get coverage, how expensive it is and all the hardships. And to that, I'll also add what we need on every level right now is people need to register, they need to vote, then they need to continue to do that and follow through with their legislators. We're running out of time. We're gonna have you back again though. We're gonna keep following up on this and so we can kind of keep it in front of the Davis community. I wanna mention your website, healthcareforall.org. And there's a lot of information there that you can find out about services, you can find out about how to get involved and you can find out about educational events. The second thing is I wanna invite you to keep sending me notices of your educational events so that I can promote them through DMA's channels. And then, Milly, you also mentioned an email you wanted to share. Yes, for the local email, you can go HCAYOLO at Comcast.net. Okay, and that will route to you, HCAYOLO at Comcast.net or healthcareforall.org. I wanna thank you for the, you two really represent for me a very quiet but persistent advocacy. You've never, as long as I've known you, you've worked on what you believe in, you don't give up and you're continuing to do this work in your retirement. Thank you very much for that. And please come back and fill us in a couple months down the road. You look forward to it. Thank you, we look forward to that. Thanks so much and thank you for tuning in to in the studio here in Davis Media Access. We air this on DCTV, Channel 15, Comcast in Davis, but we also put it online, promoted on social media. There are lots of ways to find our info and you can find our full archive at DCTV.Davismedia.org. I'm Autumn Lab-A-Renau and thanks so much for tuning in.


Are you looking for a business? Is our members' business debate on motion 2537, in the name of Brian Whittle, on Dwyne Valley Boxing Club? The debate will be concluded without any questions being put. I would ask members who wish to speak to press their request-to-speak buttons now. I call on Brian Whittle to open the debate. Thank you, Presiding Officer. During a recent visit to Delmellentun, the Dwyne Valley Boxing Club was brought to my attention as a really positive influence in the local community. They invited me down for a visit and, given, as I know, our members gyda'r ysgol yn ei chael i gyd yn y cwrdd, ac yn gweld i ni i ymddorol i ddod yn y plentau. Fynd i gael i'n gweithio, rwy'n ddod i'n ddod i'r 12-gwyllt. Felly mae'r gweithio i'r ddod i'r ddod i'r gweithio i Eirin, Mike Tyson i'r ddod i'r edrych oherwydd gan ydych chi'n gweithio. Maes i'r sesif. A i chi oes ddod yn llotw rhan o gweithio dros. Felly dyw hefyd, byddai cyfrifiadau oeddy. Mae'r ddefnyddiau yn cyfw Moole Barrow. Gweithio, rai gennym ni nhw. Mae hefyd. Yn ef yn ei golyg o'r llun oeddydunios rhan o Sam Mullin a Fydo Gwladd yn allu'r cyfrifau ac mae hi gweld eich cyfrifau i weithio. O ran oeddo, newydd o'r llun oeddydd ond, mae angen i chi'n amddangos i'r llun awdurdod when a garage and now run s a weight training gym and boxing gym from an industrial unit in the town to supplies that is busy is and understatement. He trains children and young people of all ages and the club is open all day and evening every body in the community knows about the club. When I arrived the youngest age group putting training and listen to Mr Millan drilling into them, the importance of healthy eating and the parents Many of them were next door in the weight training room, working out after dropping their children off at the club. The enthusiasm from Sam, the parents and the youngsters was just so fantastic to see. Although that may be hard to hear for my fellow parliamentarians, the brutal reality is that the members of that club will not listen to any advice that we might want to give from this chamber, but they will listen with complete attention to Mr Mullen because he and his trainee coaches are speaking directly to the members' enthusiasm and aspirations. In those times when we hear about children's increasing inactivity, obesity and poor mental health, we need to recognise local champions in local communities and the impact that they are having that quite frankly we as a parliament cannot begin to replicate. The third sector and the volunteer sector are by far the best-placed organisations to create a feeling of community and inclusivity through activity. We cannot impose solutions. What we can and should be doing is supporting our sports governing bodies and councils who, in turn, ensure local community initiatives such as Doon Valley Boxing Club, are properly resourced and financed, opening up opportunities and choice irrespective of background or personal circumstances. Kids want to participate but can only do so if the opportunities are there for them. The sense of community pride, parental pride and personal pride from the members is there for all to see, and that collective pride speaks to the health and wellbeing of that community. If we are serious about tackling the rise in inactivity, increasing health inequality, the widening attainment gap and the rising poor mental health, if we are serious about tackling the obesity crisis, the rise in type 2 diabetes, musculoskeletal conditions, heart and lung conditions, then we need to look no further than the example being set by Doon Valley Boxing Club. In my view, sport is consistently undervalued and underfunded in this country. £34 million is the budget that Sports Scotland has been working with, representing one in five of the population who are members of sports clubs across all sports. What other portfolio delivers to so many of our nation with such a small budget? The sports governing bodies are being ever more stretched to deliver world-class sports opportunities through the club system, a system that is the lifeblood of Scottish sport and so off from the centre of community activity. We should not forget what the medical profession continually tells us, that inclusivity, physical and mental activity are a major solution for treatment and prevention of poor mental health. Not only for participants, but also for the army of coaches, officials and administrators that tirelessly keep the club system alive. I hope that the budget statement next week recognises the crucial part that sport plays in our nation's health and wellbeing, as well as its ability to build that important sense of community. We should also recognise the long-term positive impact on the health budget, on education, welfare and social behaviour. With the aspiration and perspiration of their youngsters, the joy of participation, getting fit, learning movement skills, developing self-awareness, self-control and confidence, all of which are eminently transferable skills, what doon valley boxing clubs so abily demonstrates is what is possible when the will is there. My favourite quote comes from Henry Ford when he said, believe you can or believe you can't and you will probably be right. Sam Mullin, his training staff, the parents and the community of Dunmellanton certainly believe they could. What they have achieved and continue to achieve for the local community is a shining example of what is possible. We need to seek out, recognise and support all the Sam Mullins, all the Dun valley boxing clubs in every community around the country who give so much of their time to help others. I wish them every success in the future and I promise I will see you for another session if you just give me a little bit of time to get a bit fitter. Thank you very much. Colin Fulton MacGregor, before by John Scott. Thank you, Presiding Officer, and thank you to Brian Whittle for bringing this debate to the chamber and giving me the opportunity to speak on it. I am also, I should say, well done to Dun valley boxing club and being recognised by Brian Whittle in the chamber. I am not going to stand here and pretend to be any expert on boxing, but when I seen the debate on the agenda, I felt that I had to take the opportunity. As my constituency of Coatbridge and Creson, particularly the Coatbridge part, has a very rich history in boxing, and people may know that Ricky Burns, the current world number one, WBA super lightweight title and WBO super featherweight title and WBO lightweight title is from Coatbridge. He is the first person from Scotland to hold three world titles, something that we in Coatbridge are all very proud of. Of course, this month he won the Scottish Sport Inspirational Performance Award. Mainly, I would like to take this four minute opportunity to talk about a place that helped to produce Ricky Burns. A place very similar by the sounds of it to the Dun valley boxing club and that is the Bannon fitness boxing club in Coatbridge. Rab Bannon is a well-known face in Coatbridge. He has put 40 years of his life into the barren ABC boxing club with his family including Peter and Chris. He has put a lot of time into the local people of Coatbridge. He is recognised by parliamentarians, councillors, police officers and the community at large as a positive influence on generations of young people in the area. He is well respected and loved by the people of the town and, as I have said, has produced greats including Lawrence Murphy and, of course, as I have said, Ricky Burns. The club, like the sounds of it to Dun valley, is an example of how a poor community can come together and better itself. With only the financial support of an annual community grant to pay for its rent and small membership fees, it puts everything it has straight back into the club. At its heart it offers an alternative to the life of alcohol, drugs, vandalism and the culture of unemployment. The club teaches discipline, life skills, positive mental and physical health and it can give the most vulnerable in society and identity and sense of purpose in a place in the community and it can, as has been seen by the couple of examples I gave, change lives quite dramatically. The club itself has a wide range of participants, 5 to 11-year-olds, boys and girls, teenagers and adults and probably is working with an operation of about 50 or 60 active members at the moment but more than that is the community engagement. In the last year alone I have attended two events that the club have put on at their base at the Langloin Health Centre and Fitness Centre where they have brought community together. Kids events including face painting, football games, they had a Rangers vs Celtic game on the big pitch and all of this was to one, bring the community together but secondly to raise a phenomenal amount of money for charities, SANS and Coliatus and in through doing that brought the community together fantastic days, both days were absolutely mobbed. Rabban yn ymlaen i'r wych yn ddechrau i'r wych i'r wych, where he was awarded just very recently with the BBC Get Inspired on some hero award in November 2015 and I'd like to finish just by saying that the boxing club is a great example of community engagement in the Coatbridge and Christon area and it gives an example of Coatbridge boy done good in Ricky Burns and how lives can be changed by such community involvement and selfless dedicated volunteers giving themselves to the community for most of their life. I'll finish on that. John Scott, followed by Colin Smyth. Thank you, Presiding Officer. Can I begin by congratulating Brian Whittle on securing this great today on the Doon Valley boxing club and support what he said by way of commendation about the club? I also apologise to the chamber for having to leave after speaking to meet with constituents. Presiding Officer, the Doon Valley boxing club is a club that attracts members, male and female, from across Ayrshire, is recognition and an achievement in itself. That the club attracts people from across south-west Scotland prepared to make the 110-mile round trip from Stranraer and elsewhere is little short of extraordinary and should be a source of pride to the club officials. While I don't believe I know Sam Mullen, his reputation travels before him and, from all that I've read about him, he's obviously at the driving force behind the club's success. Success does not come easily in Dmellentyn, traditionally an Ayrshire mining village in the Doon Valley where life was hard and for real every day for that mining and rural community. Close to partner, a similar village where boys became men very quickly employment historically was either down the pits or on the farms. Little difference historically, both types of work being usually at best backbreaking the major difference being one was above the ground and the other in the open air, below the ground. Barhill where I grew up was a village not unlike Dmellentyn but without the coal. So when Doon Valley Amateur boxing club started in Dmellentyn 13 years ago, it did so in a post mining area but where life nonetheless was and remains hard. Opencast pits have come and gone replacing traditional mining in East Ayrshire and while some remain communities of Bellsbank, Logan, Cumnock, New Cumnock, Rankeston, Drongan and Dalympel to name but a few have a tradition of extracting a hard fought living from an at best difficult environment and sometimes a downright dangerous and hostile one. But the Doon Valley boxing club offers hope so Little Wonder the Doon Valley boxing club has prospered in its 13 years of existence. Little Wonder the club has so engaged with the wider Ayrshire community and Little Wonder that it has been so successful. Success, of course, can be measured in several ways. Firstly, let us acknowledge that this Dmellentyn boxing club has produced a youth commonwealth bronze medalist, a very real achievement and Brian Whittle, of all people, knows how hard it is to do this with or without footwear. Then the club has also brought forward 30 young Scottish and six British champions too in the past and most recently we have a new group of talented young people as reported by Mike Wilson in the daily record in February of this year when a gold medal was won by Donnie McPike in the Scottish intermediate championship at Ravenscrag. Silvers went to Keegan Maguire, Rhys Mitchell and Alan McGarvey and they were coached by Sam Mullin and David MacKinnon. Those current successes tell us that the club is in good heart, that its proud 13-year history is not just being maintained but built upon, that its future is secure and that it and clubs like it across the Ayrshire will continue into the future, that Alex and Caroline Payton, who are sponsors of this club and whose fathers and grandfathers I know and knew have supported wisely a club that embodies a gritty determination to succeed against the odds and that improves the life chances of its members. Clubs like the Doon Valley Boxing Club are a good example of what sports clubs across Scotland can do and achieve in terms of character building and development even in this internet age. They also demonstrate again the value of inspired leadership and role models for these boys and girls to follow. Sam Mullin has provided that and is now supported by David MacKinnon and Brian McCubbin. I congratulate them on their achievement and wish them well in the future. Thank you, Presiding Officer. Colin Smyth to be followed by Rachael Hamilton. Thank you, Presiding Officer. Can I echo the congratulations to Brian Whittle for bringing this motion before Parliament today? I am providing members with the opportunity to celebrate the outstanding work that community sports clubs do in their constituencies and regions. I recently had the pleasure of visiting Witlitz activity centre in here with Mr Whittle who kindly asked me to be part of the MSP team in a power chair football match along with John Scott against the South Ayrshire Tigers. I won't tell members what the result was but let's just say that Mr Whittle won't be repeating his European Commonwealth Olympic track success in the sport of power chair football and John Scott and I won't be giving up our day job soon. Judging by Mr Whittle's photos on Twitter of him lying flat and he's back in the ring at Doon Valley Boxing Club, he probably won't be taking up boxing any time soon either. However, when we met with the players and coaches at South Ayrshire Tigers and as we've heard today when Mr Whittle met with the coach Sam Mullen and the kids at Doon Valley Boxing Club, it showed that the work that community sports clubs do really is truly inspirational. The boxing club in Delmellenton may be small in size and numbers, but it's clear that it's punching well above its weight. The club's vision is to use their sport to quote change people's lives, to improve communities and change a nation. As the motion before us today highlights, that is exactly what sports clubs across our communities do. Sports clubs teach us incredibly important lessons about life, about the joy of triumph but also about learning to be resilient when we lose and to lose with grace, a bit like politics I suppose. They also provide a platform for so many fantastic volunteers to contribute to their local areas. They help young people do well at school. They bring communities together with shared goals, strengthening local networks, reinforcing a sense of place and diverting young people away from crime. Of course, they give a positive opportunity for young people to improve their physical and mental health, which has never been more important than it is today. Since being elected to this Parliament it may have had the privilege of being Labour spokesperson on public health and social care and serving on the health and sport committee. This week, the committee held a round-table discussion and probably the most pressing public health issue facing Scotland today, that of obesity. Two thirds of Scotland's adults are now classed as being overweight and, shamefully, almost a third of children are at risk of becoming overweight, with children in Scotland more likely to be overweight than in any other part of the UK. As I raised at the health committee this week, there is a clear link between obesity and deprivation, particularly among women and children. A quarter of children aged 4 to 5 from the most deprived areas are at risk of being overweight, compared to around 18 per cent of children from the least deprived areas. What does that mean for our nation's health? We know that obesity contributes to a whole number of health issues. Type 2 diabetes, stroke, cancer, depression and anxiety, liver disease, osteoarthritis and back pain, asthma, reproductive complications and sleep apnea. In fact, obesity reduces life expectancy by an average of three years and severe obesity by between eight and ten years. But obesity does not just have an impact on our health. It is associated with worse employment outcomes and is a source of unacceptable discrimination for applicants in the workplace. It also impacts on our public finances. Estimates by the Scottish Government in 2007-08 suggested that overweight and obesity combined were responsible for healthcare costs of £312 million. That is more than £350 million at today's prices. Clearly, while dealing with diet and calorie intake is the most effective way to tackle obesity, physical exercise is also crucial. That is why our sports clubs are so important to our nation's health and wellbeing. I welcome the opportunity today to debate this issue and to place on record my support for sports clubs across the south of Scotland and beyond, in particular to say thank you to the army of volunteers that make them happen. As Brian Whittle said earlier, we can do more than just express our support. We can provide practical help as well. I was elected to this Parliament on a manifesto that included using the Barnett consequentials raised from the so-called sugar tax to invest £40 million into after-school sports clubs. That is a positive measure that I will continue to pursue so that our sports clubs can continue to do their outstanding work in all of our communities. I am delighted to be speaking in Brian Whittle's sport-themed debate today. I know from speaking to Mr Whittle that Doon Valley boxing club packs a punch in the small village of Dalmellington in Ayrshire. Since 2003, the club has produced 30 national champions, six British champions and a youth Commonwealth bronze medalist. The recognition received by clubs like these by individuals is undoubtedly deserved. The contribution that all coaches, officials and volunteers make across the country is truly exceptional and must not go unnoticed. This debate is testament to the hard work that goes into running sports clubs like Doon Valley boxing club. Let's take a closer look at the work of Sam Mullan, who established the boxing club. Sam opened the community gym after an injury forced him to retire. There are many ways to give back to your community and one is to volunteer in sport. Without the generosity from volunteers, these clubs simply couldn't operate. It's volunteers like Sam and his team that helped create the next generation of sporting stars. I myself am a volunteer netball coach and I would encourage everyone to get involved. It's very rewarding. Crucial to the continuing success of boxing across Scotland is boxing Scotland. It does great work throughout Scotland and continues to make boxing accessible and develop the sport. We all have the opportunity to reach their potential and work to create a strong boxing community. My colleague Brian Whittle briefly entered that community when he visited Doon Valley boxing club. Other than Colin Smith, I'm not sure if members were privy to the photographs of Brian Whittle visiting the boxing club. Brian, of course, is a decorated athlete himself and competed with the world's best. However, when he went pound to pound in this instance, his opponent at Doon Valley club had the upper hand, showing that Brian is just a lightweight. On Sunday, I watched a programme called Fern Britain Meets. Fern met boxing legend and two-time world champion Nigel Ben. He spoke about his glittering career but also shared his more troubled personal journey. Ben was a difficult teenager and a worry to his family. At 17, he was persuaded to join the British Army where he became a first-class boxing, professional in 1987. Nicknamed the Dark Destroyer for his formidable punching power and aggressive fighting style, he won many titles and is ranked by Boxwreck as the fourth best British super middleweight boxer of all time. His success demonstrates that activity and sport can turn lives around positively. Yesterday, I had a tweeting session with Josh Taylor, a professional boxer from Preston Pans in East Lothian. Josh was part of the Olympic boxing team in London. He also won a gold medal at the Commonwealth Games in Glasgow and turned professional in 2015. When he first started boxing at age 15, there were no boxing facilities in East Lothian. So he travelled here to Edinburgh. He told me that through his boxing he learned discipline and respect, which kept him out of trouble. He said, quote, boxing is great for that. One of the Dune Valley club members at the People at Air Academy, the young lad with boxing talent called Donnie McPike, he is coached at Dune by Sam Mullen, who, as we have said, has built an outstanding record of turning out champions over the years. Apparently, Donnie eats, sleeps and breathes boxing and wants to get right to the top of his game. This dedication to sport has seen him win a domestic treble, the Scottish Intermediate Championships, Western District Championships and, for the second year in a row, the Scottish title. The Dune Valley club has a great role to achieve that. Those accolades highlight not only his talent, but also the value of the Dune Valley boxing club in the area. The boxing club facilitated Donnie's talent to grow and develop. That highlights the crucial role that those clubs play in the development of young sporting lives, providing an environment of encouragement and opportunity. Presiding Officer, I would like to once thank Brian Whittle for bringing this debate forward, for the work of the boxing club in Donnie Valley and to pay tribute to all those volunteers in all sports across Scotland that do so much for their respective clubs. Thank you, Ilein Campbell Minister, to wind up. I would like to thank Brian Whittle for raising the motion and for the contributions that we have heard from all parties and everyone this afternoon. We have heard today of the fantastic record of this small club, which is certainly and literally punching above its weight. I would like to add my thanks to the coaches and the volunteers who help to keep the club running. In particular, Sam Mullen, who sounds like a truly inspirational character, and I certainly would be keen to meet with him or to visit. Try my own right hook, perhaps, or maybe something I shouldn't do. It might be a wee bit different from the regular bouts that we experience in this chamber, but certainly if time permits and there's opportunity arises, to meet with the club. I don't think that it's an uncomfortable issue for us as parliamentarians to hear that messages delivered through others, such as about healthy eating, discipline and activity, are more keenly heard when they're delivered through sportsmen and women. That's the reach that I know that sport has and it's that potential that I know that we must harness to transform lives. It's through projects like what we've heard described as happening in Dalmellighton or through whatever club is familiar to all the members across the chamber, or indeed my own constituency of bigger rugby club, which I'm a member of, which has delivered phenomenal results for many people across rural Lanarkshire or even through projects like the Government's support through football fans and training which engages people, builds on community assets and empowers people to take control of their own lives. Because when we use sport to harness that's when we see improvement and results and on those results that we know and the challenges that we know Scotland faces and this helps to reverse some of those unfortunate trends around sedentary lifestyles in Scotland. Because sport and physical activity have been proven to improve both physical and mental health being active has many health and social and economic benefits and reduces the risk of over 25 chronic conditions. It's also estimated that physical inactivity in Scotland results in around 2,500 premature deaths and costs our NHS around £94.1 million annually and the tragedy of that is that often times these things are preventable. In terms of looking at what opportunities we have to provide for children, creating a culture in which healthy behaviour are the norm starts in the early years so that children and young people develop a life-long habit of activity, research shows that it is vitally important that children are active before they reach school age and this can be through active play which not only improves co-ordination but also social skills with peers with siblings, parents and grandparents and nursery workers and that was why we in part developed a play strategy which I think flows seamlessly into the work that we're doing in later years. Because once a child reaches school age and through investment by this Government, 98% of schools now provide their pupils with two hours or two periods of physical education per week arise from less than 10% in 2004-5. But we can't be complacent and we'll continue to support Scotland, Education Scotland and Scottish local authorities to maintain and improve the quality of PE provision and position within the Government's overarching aims around raising attainment. Outside of school hours children can access the active schools programme since 2007. Sport Scotland invested over 80 million in the active schools programme and will invest up to 50 million over the period 2015-19 across all 32 local authorities. As a result, during the school session 2015-16, school pupils across Scotland made 6.5 million visits to active school sport and physical activity sessions, a record high number which has a 7% increase on the previous 12 months. Figures also show that during that same academic year the number of activity sessions offers increased by 5% to 350,000 with a range of over 100 different sports and activities on offer. Of course, we've seen an increase in the number of people delivering those sessions with 19,000 of those being volunteers. The active schools programme also provides a helpful pathway into club sport to encourage children to continue with their sporting activities once they leave school. That's a great foundation that we must build on if we want to see inroads made into active activity levels across our country. One of the lasting legacies of the 2014 games is the development of community sports hubs. Scotland can now boast of having 157 of those hubs which brings together local clubs to work together in the way that best suits local circumstances with many of those hubs based in local schools. Sports Scotland has also announced a further 6 million investment to create a total of 200 hubs by 2020 and perhaps Colin Smyth might be interested to know that my letter of direction to Sports Scotland is also around looking in ways in which we can enhance that provision in areas of deprivation. It's important that we remember that Scotland's sedentary lifestyle is about more than just sport, it's about activity more generally and that's why our support first paths for all and our dedication to walking through our national strategy has seen an increase of 5% in free of charge activity. We're also investing in active travel and also through the spirit of 2012 we're investing in collecting data about work what works in getting our inactive population active and yesterday I was impressed by the work that's happening in Edinburgh leisure which is truly targeting and going in to engage with the community about trying to figure out what they need to do differently in order to engage their inactive population active and that's across all ages. Miles Briggs To the different groups which the ministers highlighted during this debate, one group which I think all of us are aware of are Jogges Scotland who are trying to do exactly what the ministers outlined these other groups are doing they've now seen all their funding cut can the minister take forward a review of that to see if we can see how they can also provide this physical exercise that they're going to have to scale back on. Always looking to see what ways we can improve on situations I certainly know that the work that Jogges Scotland continues to do as well is recognised and is appreciated but also I think we need to look at the whole picture and that's why we're investing in things like paths for all to encourage people to take up that free of charge activity and making sure that we celebrate the fact that a 5% increase in walking across Scotland doesn't happen by accident but that's through the investment and through the dedication and the focus that we've had through our national walking strategy. But as others have said sport for change the ability that sport has to reach into our communities to transform lives to engage with people and to help the Government more generally tackle issues around inequality around health and wellbeing about employability all of those things have a reach which sport can help with and help us transform lives and transform our communities and that's why it's important that we continue to have a focus and continue to understand that reach more generally and that's why through working with the Scottish governing bodies we're continuing to work with them to see if they can have more rigor and robustness around the figures which they have so that we can truly tell that story much more powerfully across our country. So in summing up the phenomenal reach that we need to harness and we need to use that reach to transform lives and I'd like to take the opportunity to congratulate everybody involved at Doon Valley boxing club for the work that they're doing to transform lives in their local area and like others have said already I'd like to pay tribute to the volunteers who are providing opportunity and happy memories for children and young people right across our nation. Thank you. That concludes our debate and I now suspend Parliament until 2.30.


Are we good? Hi, good afternoon, everybody. So the lunchtime lull has worn off, and everybody's attention has perked back up. OK. Now, again, out of personal curiosity, I asked this during our first session, and I was very surprised by the answer. For how many people here, this is your first open stack summit. OK, I'm constantly surprised by the response. Well, welcome. I hope you're having a great week. This is the second of four Cisco sessions that we have in our room today. This one is on the Cisco Virtual Infrastructure Manager. We call it CVIM. Chandra Ganguly is going to start off one of our engineering directors. I will let him introduce the rest of the speakers when he's all set. And we will build some time in for some Q&A at the end, about 10 minutes. And Chandra? Thank you, Gary. Good afternoon, everybody. My name is Chandra Ganguly. I'm the director of a platform engineering for Cisco Virtual Infrastructure Manager. With me today on the stage is Ajay Kallambur and Ninima. Ajay is the principal engineer for CVIM. And Ninima is one of the principal engineers for Cisco Container Platform. This talk is a multi-part talk. This is talk one of two of subsequent to this talk. There will be another talk where we'll talk about how we have taken CVIM and got an adopted IRONIC and essentially running container workloads on it. So this is really a multi-part talk, if you will. So in terms of the agenda, what we will talk about is we'll give you a high-level platform overview of what Cisco Virtual Infrastructure Manager is. And then we will talk about how we have evolved this platform across multiple dimensions, be it the hardware, be it the software, be it workloads, be it networking. Subsequent to that, we will talk about another platform of Cisco called CCP, Cisco Container Platform. We'll give you an overview of that. And then how we have CVIM is using CCP as an application. So as a result, we can evolve this platform to not only host workloads that are running in VM, but also in containers and bare metals. That's basically how we'll go through. And we'll conclude this talk with a demo and a summary of where we are today and where we are going in the future. So at a high level, if you look at it typically today, again, why did we even do CVIM or Cisco Virtual Infrastructure Platform? When we evolved in this journey about three years back, what we found is customers were essentially doing a lot of this cloud deployment on their own, DIY. And while it was taking them, let's say, anywhere from a week to two weeks to get it going, the problem was how do you do day-end operations, not just somehow hook or crook, get it going. And they were having a lot of problems when there is a security update. There was one piece of the compute node or the controllers went bad. You wanted to add more storage nodes. Those problems were not thought through. So then the other option was people went through what is called the system integrator, which is basically take the best of breed from multiple different components and bring it together. Well, that kind of works. But what happens again is many of those are done through service contracts. As a result, the service integrator does it once. But how do you replicate it in 20 sites, 30 sites? That becomes a challenge. How do you scale this? And in the lack of many cases, in the lack of automation, it becomes like a snowflake. But every site has slight different variations of what you have. So what we decided is these are the two problem statements on the basis of receiving was architected and even envisioned that you would like to have a fully automated and true automation, meaning one for any command or any operations of one click, one button, one CLI approach with the rest API front end, which will not only do the basic install of the cloud on day zero, but lifecycle manage it across end releases, end software updates, end security updates, and whatnot. While we are doing that, also the cloud today initially started with a very Cisco-centric hardware. It has, I will see as we go through this presentation, how it has evolved to handle third-party computes or third-party complete infrastructure, how it has evolved to switches and storage and networking as well. So that was at a high level what our ambition was three years back when we started this. One thing we also made sure that we do not deviate from the HC model. So we have a very, very clear demarcation of where the cloud CVM infrastructure work stops and expose all the OpenStack APIs consistently so that if you are running in an OpenStack cloud somewhere else, you bring your workload on the CVM, but you shouldn't have to change anything if the automation is done using the OpenStack APIs. And what we have seen over the last three years actually is as customers have brought in third-party VNFs, this is not just Cisco, VNF, just third-party VNFs. My only question to most of them has been, has this worked in OpenStack before? What scale parameters did you use? What is the scale at which you ran it? Did you need any tricking of the OpenStack parameters? Because we know many of the times the VNFs are not truly cloudified yet. And as long as we know of those and through a feature option or optional feature, we can actually add up the cloud to that, we have seen its work all the time. So given the fact that essentially, so that's basically what we have at a high level where we are. How did we achieve it? We achieved it, one of the things we are in partnership with Red Hat in terms of the OpenStack and the kernel bits. We do take the reports from Red Hat, add a monthly sync app, we do that. And then we have our own automation through an Ansible Python-based automation that we deploy this entire cloud. Jay will talk in the next few slides on slightly more details of our architecture. And there you will see why this has worked elegantly for us. But the key is, whatever is marked in green is essentially what the scope of CVIM is. There's a REST API in front where through which you essentially can manage multiple instances of the cloud from the same UI interface. Also, you can write your own data pool or own client to control those APIs and manage the cloud. It's up to you. Essentially, everything comes to the REST API. So I'll hand over the next few slides to Jay who will talk about the architecture of this CVIMA cloud or infrastructure. Thanks, Chandra. So given the fact that we saw a high-level picture of what CiscoVim does, at a fundamental level, it deploys OpenStack and manages the lifecycle of the OpenStack cloud. But how did we do that? How did we deploy OpenStack? So we started, CiscoVim has been around for about three years. So this project started in about 2015. And at that point, we had to make a critical choice of how do we run the OpenStack control plane? And we took a gamble because three years back it was not common to run OpenStack control plane in containers. We started at just about the same type of an upstream project called COLA. And we kind of went similar timeframe. So one of the things we do is the entire control plane of OpenStack has been containerized in our case. And we have learned from three years of experience of caveats of running OpenStack in containers. There are lots of things that are at play when OpenStack services run in containers that you won't see when they run in hosts. For instance, SE Linux, container permissions, exposure to the host volumes, all those kinds of things, router namespaces, network namespaces, very differently when you run it in this process versus container. But what does container gives us? The one thing that we can do is that we can update the cloud seamlessly with minimum downtime. And when there is no DB schema change, as in, let's say you're talking about a particular release of OpenStack like Queens. When you have minor bug fixes, there is not going to normally be a database schema change. We do allow rollback. So if your update happens and your update fails, there will be an automatic rollback and all the services will be restored to where they started from. So that's useful to have. We don't support rollback in major version upgrades. So if you look at our design, it's very simple. We have everything running in containers, including the entire OpenStack control plane and also the Ceph services like Ceph Mon, Ceph Manager and so on. We have a simple HA design where HA proxy is running in active, active, active for all services with the exception of Galera, which is better run and an active backup. If you look at the bottom portion of this slide, this is the various steps that the installer actually goes through in terms of standing up in OpenStack Cloud. So you start with, we look in more detail in the next slide, you start with bringing in all the packages that you need. So one thing that this installer supports is it's some complete air gap installed, which means technically you need no access to the internet to do the installation. So you could basically do this installation completely offline. The first step is an input validation. Any installer needs input, right? You need to tell it what are your bare metal nodes available, what is this IMC information into those bare metal nodes and so on. The first step we do is we validate that all your input is sane and if it's not sane, we fail right away so that way you don't have to learn much later in the installer that something is wrong. Then we do a bare metal install. We do it for Cisco servers, UCSB series, CC series, third party servers. There are few third party platforms that we support right now and that list is growing. Then there is node level setup. It's not just about, in addition to maintaining OpenStack, you also need to make sure that each particular node has host packages, kernel is updated, things like NTP are configured. So those base things, common node level setup is done. Storage is set up, so we have, you can either run, Chandra will talk a little bit about it. You can run storage co-hosted with compute nodes, controllers, or you could run dedicated storage nodes. So we support all those kinds of configuration. Then the OpenStack service orchestration happens. That can also include an ironic bare metal install. Abhishek will talk about it in the next presentation. And then we have an optional CCP install which is, you can now stand up a cloud which not just supports virtual machine workloads and bare metal workloads to ironic, but can also support container workloads through Cisco container platform. Anilima will talk about it in a little bit detail. And final is a complete self-test which is we run throughput tests, VM launch tests, everything at the end of the install to make sure that everything works successfully. So moving on, so this is what I talked about in terms of you have two modes of doing the install. The first mode is what is called a connected install which means you have access to the internet. So in addition to the nodes that you need, we ask for an extra management node which is from where the installation actually happens. In future, this will be in HA. So you can either do a disconnected install in which case you basically download all the artifacts into USB, plug it into the management node and then begin the installation. So what then happens is the first step is we stand up a Docker registry on the management node. Remember that all our services are run as containers. So this Docker registry is from where the controllers, the compute nodes and all the other nodes will basically pull the Docker containers from and do the installation. So this is an example of how we do an air gap install, completely air gap install and you could either operate in connected mode or disconnected mode. So moving back, Chandra will now talk a little bit about the evolution of CiscoVM, the different platforms. Thank you Ajay. So Ajay has kind of already eluded how we have evolved this platform to handle software updates and upgrades but that's not the only dimension in which it has evolved. Our customers actually have kind of demanded and asked for evolution of the platform across footprints. We'll talk a little bit more in the next slide what that means. Hardware support, we started with Cisco UCS, CCDs and BCDs. We moved into HP third party compute and then now we are going to a pure NFV as a software and have getting into support for quanta late early part of next year as a third party cloud infrastructure. We have also evolved our networking to go from OVS to VPP, obviously SRIV and including both ACI and VTS as the SDN controller. Obviously there's ML2 plugin included as part of the offering too. In terms of storage, where we have evolved is we started again with Ceph. The Ceph itself has evolved into single backend and multi backend because we have our customers who needs high IOPS so we have SSD based Ceph or hard drive based Ceph in the same cloud so when you host a VM you basically can attach to a right backend infrastructure. We also support now NetApp and SolidFire and SwipStack. All of that is now part of the offering. You have to decide on day zero which way you want to go, based on your requirements, we can go with that way. Today our second part of the talk will focus on how we have evolved the workload support from VM to containers and then also bare metal and you'll see that. In terms of the hardware footprint, again we started with a full on where you have dedicated controller, computes and Ceph nodes. Lot of our customers are the service providers. They have come back and said, you know what? Yeah, dedicated Ceph nodes is good but you know my workload doesn't need a lot of Ceph storage so I'm burning a lot more real hardware rather given the amount of hardware I'm using compared to what I'm using it for. So then came in the evolution what is called hyperconverged nodes where some of these nodes can actually act as both storage and computes. But that wasn't good enough for many of our customers because you'll see a lot of other customers wants to push this cloud to the edge. And today as you know edge means real computes at the end, we are still evolving to that point so what we had to do in between is called a micropod where now you can take three servers, make them act as both control compute and storage nodes and then as your compute capacity increases you can just go ahead and add more computes to that. Obviously in that solution the storage is limited to the first three nodes. So not only did we evolve just from the footprint point of view, we've also evolved on the hardware that we support. So initially very early on we started with Cisco, all Cisco UCSC or V-Series. But then obviously third party VNF started showing up which was not a big deal really from our point of view because as long as they were adhering to the OpenStack APIs. But then there were customers who had enough other third party computes and they wanted to reuse them for the cloud. So we basically said okay the control plane still is Cisco, the data plane or the computes can be third party, that's something we supported. And now very soon we are actually supporting a full third party infrastructure on which NFVI will run. Throughout all this evolution also the NIC cards have evolved from just Cisco VAC to Intel NIC and that evolution has also happened. One of the core part of this talk is essentially what is called the evolution of the workload. So again we started with VMs which is standard. Today Neelima is going to talk about how we have taken this platform and added container support on that. So this is using CCP as an application into that. Abhishek talks subsequently will talk about how we are taking this and also supporting Ironic which on which you can now can run containers as well. So with that one use case that I would like to talk about before I hand it over to Neelima is here in which is very, which is putting into this region is Daesh Telecom. Daesh Telecom has taken the Cisco VIM infrastructure platform and actually have deployed it in production from order to deployment in less than three months on their, what they call is that edge program. Don't get confused with the edge technology, with the edge program of Daesh Telecom. Here they're talking about they've taken the cloud, full on cloud, put it as almost on the boundary of the premises of their zone of control and they're essentially running voice traffic on that with very low latency. And so it's very relevant to this region and we are continuing to work with them for expanding this clouds from four to end and they're working with, they have, they have more requirements coming through and we are working with them on evolution of the cloud and the platform. With that, I will hand over the button to Neelima. She will talk about Cisco Container Platform. Thanks Chandra, good afternoon everyone. So what is Cisco Container Platform? It is a turnkey solution for deploying production grade container clusters. We deploy 100% upstream native Kubernetes. The Kubernetes ecosystem itself is very large and there are lots of options for anything that you want to do. Cisco Container Platform provides a curated full stack with everything from logging, monitoring, we have a built-in Docker registry. Everything is tested and supported by Cisco. We also have the platform optimized for hybrid cloud applications. We have a partnership with GKE and Google and we have an architecture where you can run applications spread across GKE and your on-prem cluster. Last week we announced our latest offering of CCP which allows you to manage your EKS clusters from your on-prem CCP dashboard. So you can deploy your local clusters and clusters on EKS and then spread your applications across and access resources across the two clusters. It provides integrated networking and storage options. CCP runs today on Hyperflex, vSphere environments, AWS and today we are gonna show a demo of it running on CVM. So for all of these environments we have options for multiple options for CNI plugins as well as storage provisioners. We provide a flexible deployment model. We support VM deployments across multiple infrastructures. We are also going to support bare metal very soon. Abhishek will be talking about it in the next talk. So what are the features that Cisco Container Platform provides? We start with being able to deploy multiple clusters on any infrastructure that you choose. We also do the complete life cycle management of these clusters. Everything starting from giving you the OS image to provision your virtual machines or bare metal nodes to upgrading the OS, applying any patches that are required, installing Kubernetes, upgrading Kubernetes, installing the add-on services on top of Kubernetes and upgrading them as well as doing any kind of repair operations. So if you're one of the physical hosts goes down, we automatically detect that and start up a new node in a different location. So the complete life cycle is managed by CCP. We also integrate with Active Directory and AWS IAM. So if you have an application that is running on-prem as well as in AWS, both of them can use the same IAM. We are looking at integrating with Keystone for the CVM integration. That's a future roadmap item not yet completed. So we're gonna look at the integration of CCP with CVM. Ajay will first give us an overview and then we'll go into the deep dive of the architecture. Thanks, Dilima. So remember that we talked about a single cloud which can basically support both virtual machine workloads and container workloads. So how do you go about implementing such a cloud? So assume that you have an open stack cloud app which is Cisco VM. Now what we do is CCP is basically like Nilima explained, it is basically Kubernetes orchestration as a service. So what we have here is the CCP control plane is basically installed on a common open stack tenant. So the CCP control plane, which consists of a bunch of virtual machines is installed on the common open stack tenant. And then the CCP API is exposed through like a floating IP of open stack. At this point, you can invoke that CCP API to create one to N clusters in open stack. You can create as many Kubernetes clusters in open stack and you can create them at this point of time, we are supporting virtual machines. In future, we will be supporting, installing these on ironic bare metal nodes. So as you can see here, when you install Kubernetes in open stack, we basically have integration with the open stack cloud provider. So we use Cinder for persistent storage. We at this point, the authentication is done through Keystone V3. This is being supported from Queens and there's no support for Keystone V2, so we're pretty much doing Keystone V3. And exposing of all your Kubernetes services is at this point done through Neutron LBAS, we will be exploring something called the Octavia ingress controller in future. So with this integration done, now you have a single cloud which can support both virtual machine workloads and container workloads. And now Nelima will talk a little bit more about how this is done and also the demo of how this whole thing plays together. Thank you, Ajay. So how many of you here are familiar with Kubernetes architecture? Okay, so let's have a brief overview of it so that we level set. At a high level, these are the primary components of Kubernetes. You have one or more master nodes and you have worker nodes on which you run your workloads. The three primary components of any Kubernetes master are the Kubernetes API server, controller manager and scheduler. When you create a resource in Kubernetes, whether you do it from the CLI using kubectl or you go to Kubernetes dashboard or you use the Kubernetes API, you're talking to the Kubernetes API server. So you can say create a replica set with three pods. Kubernetes API server takes that request and stores it as a key value pair in the NCD data stored. Once it is stored, it is up to the controller manager, the appropriate controller for that object that you have specified. So for a replica set, there will be a replica set controller which is invoked by the controller manager which comes and says, okay, there is this object that's been created by the API server, but does that exist? Are there the three pods running? No, so let me go ahead and create those pods. So the management of the object itself is done by the controller that is running in the controller manager. And once these objects are created, they need to actually be scheduled somewhere and the Kubernetes scheduler takes up on the task of scheduling them on one of the worker nodes or the master nodes, depending on the requirements that you've specified. So all of these components in Kubernetes are extensible. Everything can be added onto. For example, if you have a new type that you want to define and Kubernetes does not know about this type, you can define it as a custom resource definition. Once you define a custom resource, Kubernetes now can start consuming objects of that type. You can go ahead and say, kubectl create that type. And so it takes it stores it in HCD, but what do you do with it? So you can also create a custom controller where you can say, when I see this object of new type or even an existing type, I want to do this new behavior. So this pattern of defining a custom resource and a custom controller together is called the operator model within Kubernetes. So we're gonna show the demo of CCP running as an operator. This is an example of how you would define a custom resource. So you can say that, okay, this is the API version for our custom resource named as an open stack cluster. And once you define it and give it to Kubernetes, you can see it listed at the bottom as a new custom resource that has been defined. Then you can go and say, okay, that's the custom resource definition and now instantiate it. So you create a new object where you say, create me a new cluster with three masters and two workers and a bunch of other information. What network to use, where do you wanna place it? All of that is provided in your specification for this resource. So once you say that, take that combination of custom resource and the controller, you're able to actually create a cluster. And that's exactly what CCP does. CCP is bootstrapped using a single node Kubernetes cluster because CCP runs as a Kubernetes application. It then creates a three node control plane on which it installs itself again. For high availability, it is a multi node cluster and it runs as a set of operators within Kubernetes. The first one is the cluster controller, which is in charge of creating one or more tenant clusters. Obviously, if you're looking at a container as a service platform, then you're actually interested in creating more than one most of the times. So you create these tenant clusters and then you say, I want n number of nodes in this cluster, I want 10 in another cluster. So there's a node group controller which comes and understands these node types and instantiates them appropriately and manages them as well. There's also an add-on controller which handles the services that we provide, whether it's logging or monitoring. All of these services are managed by the add-on controller. We're gonna next look at a demo. This is a scenario that we're gonna demonstrate today. We have a workload that is running in a CCP tenant cluster. First, we'll show the control plane running as an open stack application within CVM. And it will show us creating this demo cluster using CCP and launching an application in that Kubernetes cluster. The application is a WordPress application but it's going to consume a MySQL service that is going to run on a bare metal, on a VM, okay? We're gonna show how Elbas is provisioned as well as Cinder volumes are provisioned both from Kubernetes as well as for the VMs. This is a topology that we're gonna demonstrate today. The control plane is running in a five VM cluster and it has a dedicated open stack tenant network. The tenant cluster is also running as a five VM tenant Kubernetes cluster with one MySQL, there's a separate MySQL instance also attached to the same network as the demo tenant. So with that, we will go to the demo, right? So first, we log into CVM as a user, CCP user, which is who has the access to the CCP control plane. We can see that there are five VMs running there attached to the network as we talked about. This is a dedicated open stack network. And then we take the custom resource that we had shown before that we talked about before with three masters and two workers and we do a cube CTL apply. So we're basically creating that cluster using CCP. We can then start seeing this object of the type open stack cluster appearing within Kubernetes. We can monitor it just as you monitor any other Kubernetes object. So you can actually do a cube CTL describe open stack cluster with the name of the object that you've created and you can see the status. So it shows you the status of each of the VMs that has been created, the spec with which you've created it and any other resources that it may have created and associated with that cluster as well. So in addition to looking at it from open stack as from Kubernetes, we are also gonna take a look at how does it look like from open stack, right? So within open stack you can start, you can see the VMs get created. So that's one VM right now. We'll slowly start seeing more and more VMs come up within that tenant.  So we create a network, an internal network unless a few provide your own network. We create a router to attach this network to the external network and we have load balancer created for each cluster. This load balancer provides you access to the Kubernetes API server across the multiple masters because we created a three master cluster, right? So now we can see CCP creating this cluster and while that's happening, we'll go ahead and start up our MySQL VM on which we'll run the MySQL server. As this is a plain VM, there's no Kubernetes involved here, it just has some attached storage. But we are gonna put it on the same network as our tenant cluster so that it can directly access the tenant cluster and the services, the Kubernetes services running on the tenant cluster can access this MySQL server. Once the SQL server instance is ready and we'll go back and see that our demo tenant cluster has been created, we can check the status of the VMs now. We can see that the MySQL service is still coming up and it takes a little time for the Kubernetes cluster to start spinning. We can see that the two masters ready and in a minute we'll see all three masters come up at which point we are ready to go ahead and start deploying workloads on this master. So we can log into this master, I'll get the cube config for this master and then start deploying the applications there. We can inspect the resources that have been created, the VMs that we have, the volumes that are required to manage persistence for your Kubernetes cluster itself. So the HCD data is stored as a sender volume. You also have MySQL data storage is stored as a sender volume. And as I said, we create that load balancer which frontends all your Kubernetes resource API server requests. We can log into MySQL and check that it's running up and running. It does not know about WordPress because we haven't deployed that application yet. We can log into the Kubernetes cluster and check that there are no resources, no persistent volumes created, no deployments yet. But there is a storage class that CCP deploys by default. This is one of the add-ons that we have. So you have sender. We create a secret to tell our application about how to access the MySQL service. And we refer to the MySQL service using a Kubernetes service, even though it's actually running in a VM because we want to keep it generic and keep Kubernetes native. So we specify it as a Kubernetes service with an endpoint which is an IP address which corresponds to your MySQL IP address. At this point, the application itself can seamlessly refer to the MySQL server. So let's go ahead and deploy this application. It's created. Let's deploy the MySQL service as well so that WordPress can start accessing MySQL. So both of them are created, but not yet ready. So how do we access this application? The way to access it is through the load balancer that it has requested. We can see that an IP is generated. Let's go and see if it's ready. No, it's still starting up. So while it's starting, let's see what are the resources that got provisioned through Kubernetes. So there's a dynamic volume that is being created using sender. And there's a load balancer, which is created by the OpenStack cloud provider within Kubernetes. We can see that the WordPress application is able to access MySQL. So we're gonna look at the databases and see that now a new database is created. And within a few seconds, the application will be ready as well so we can actually check that its status is ready and then go back and see if we can now access the application. So once we are able to hit the application, basically we've been able to connect your application running on a Kubernetes cluster to your MySQL server, which is running on a VM. With that, I'll hand it over to Chandra to summarize. Thank you, Neliba. So thanks to both Ajay and Neliba. So in summary, essentially the CIVM platform has continued to evolve to address customer needs and market trends. Of late, we are obviously seeing a lot of interest in the field to essentially come through requirements about multiple dimensions of revolutions, which includes both footprint, hardware, networking, storage, workloads. With that, I am opening it up for questions. Any questions, comments you might have? Thank you. Before we'd go into Q&A, we do have about three or four minutes left for that. Just wanted to let you know two things. One, we do have demos of the CIVM product in our booth in the marketplace if you wanna join us there. Secondly, if you missed anything, and I saw a lot of people taking pictures, videos of all of the presentations are up on the OpenStack Foundation YouTube channel, usually within 24 hours, if not this evening. So if there's anything you missed, feel free to go to the videos up on the OpenStack Foundation YouTube channel. With that, I've got a mic here. We've got two mics, three mics in the aisle. We can take a couple of questions. I have a small question about the architecture of the different models you have. You have slides with four models. I don't see ACI there. Is there any reason for that? So ACI is part of CIVM and ACI, so maybe here. So if we look at networking, we already include ACI and VTS as the SDN controller. It's just how much content I can squeeze in here, no matter of that. Yeah, so top-of-rack can be standalone without ACI, like N9K, or it can be a third party, but we also support the full ACI fabric. In fact, most of my customers who have, typically from 50 to 100 nodes, they're all running with ACI. And ACI is also two ways, like you can do ships in the night or you can have neutron plug-in program ACI. So it can be dynamic. Okay, one more. So as far as I understood, you can install CCP on vSphere, right? Yes. But there's no support for NSX right now? No, there is no explicit support for NSX right now. And do you plan to do this, or is this a no-go because you have your own solution? We don't have it in the near-term plan. Yeah. Okay. So, again, based on customer requirement, if the customer requirement comes and we have to do NSX, we do it. Again, one of the things that our philosophy has been, is there a true requirement versus these are all science projects? And we basically prioritize it with a lot of requirements. Okay. That looks like it. Chandra, Nalima, Ajay, thank you. Again.


Welcome everyone, welcome to Looking to the East. I'm your host, Steve Zercher. I'm a professor of management and dean at Kansai Gaida University. This show, we take a look at various topics, issues, trends in Asia, and discuss them over the course of half an hour or so. Today, I've picked a popular media topic, a phenomenon that's going on worldwide, that probably most of you who are listening to this or viewing this know about. It's a Korean Netflix drama called The Squid Game. And we're going to explore what this is, and why it's become so popular, and what the ramifications of it are. And we have a very special guest and expert in this area, Dr. Ingyu Oh, Professor Oh, who also works at Kansai Gaida University. He's a professor of popular culture, teaches classes in that area, and also in the business area, has his PhD from the University of Oregon, his master's degree from Oregon State, and his undergraduate degree from Roosevelt University. So I've worked with Professor Oh, or I'll just call you Ingyu like we do normally, on hosting various popular media conferences and seminars in Korea. And we had some plans also in Japan. So he's an acknowledged expert in this area. So Ingyu, thank you so much for participating in the show today. I look forward to this discussion. Well, thanks for inviting me today, Steve, and it was really great to have a chance to talk about this movie or rather drama. And I will explain everything I know today probably. Okay. All right. So for our viewers, we talked before the show started about how much to address the actual content. Because on the one hand, we don't want to do spoilers, but on the other hand, this drama has been so incredibly popular that the basic plot and video clips and so forth are all over the internet. So we're going to talk about the program in some detail just as a warning for those of you that have not seen it. Maybe you don't want to watch the rest of the show, but for the rest of you, if you have, please stay tuned. So why don't we start there, Ingyu? Why don't you tell us what is this program? What's going, what's it about? Well, this is a what we call K-drama or Korean drama, which has been a boom all over the world since the early 2000s. And this Korean drama is a new boom these days because of what we know or what we now call the Netflix system or over the top system of content distribution worldwide using, you know, fast internet. So the drama is a nine episode series and it is basically about two things. One is money and the other one is violence. And people. Ingyu, that sounds like an American drama. Exactly. It's a universal theme, money and violence. But like its previous big sensation from Korea. It's about 10, 15 years ago, there was a movie called Old Boy from Korea that had this exactly similar concept that is money, women and violence and particularly a lot of violence and a lot of black themes, you know. But again, the blood scene is very different from American Hollywood blood scenes because they don't use guns, but they use knives and other types of feasts and, you know, strangling and other kinds of stuff. So violence is very violent. What the movies are about and but again, it's very popular and attractive because it's about money and it's about how poor people can become rich people overnight. So it's a, you know, pretty much universal thing. Wow. So it includes a rags to Richard riches element as well. That was based on a very successful manga and anime in the 1990s and 2000s in Japan, and it was developed into a movie as well and the topic is the same thing.  And in doing so, they either are violence is they have to kill each other in the competition to get the money. So the theme is there and it was originally in the Japanese mass media and in the film industry, it was a very worldwide popular theme, what would you call death game topic or death game theme. And so young people and you know, even these age people love this but they've been playing games for many, many decades throughout their life. Oh, I see. So this is pretty much about games. So I'm talking about violent games. So the Japanese movie was very successful and Japanese manga was even more successful. So the Koreans decide to, you know, make it much, you know, more fancier, more trendy to be more global in the sense that what in the sense that Netflix likes it because more global is not Japanese but more global, not Korean either. So it's a sort of globalized Asian drama content about games, violence, and life comments, so-called direct to which type of, you know, reverse male Cinderella type of story. A couple of things that I picked up as I was researching this is the impact this drama is having worldwide. In the drama, the poor people who are competing at the risk of death for riches all wear this white shoe and it's a particular brand. And that brand's sales of shoes in America and worldwide has gone up by 1000%. Maybe I would imagine the Squid Game costumes are going to be the most popular costume for upcoming Halloween in Japan where it's celebrated. And of course, America, it's just huge Halloween for adults. Now, when I was a kid, it was focused on children. Now Halloween is all about adults. And the other thing too, I read that Korean studies, an interest in studying Korean has jumped by 80% as well in the last few months because of this drama. So my son, as you know, has been studying Korean for about six months or so, but I'm glad he's lined up as teacher because I'm sure Korean teachers are very, very popular. Just a couple examples of the commercial success of this. Now, I know you've watched it. You watched all nine episodes. Did you do that in one sitting? Did you binge watch it? Or did you watch it over time? How would you recommend that our viewers actually look at this? Well, it's very viral. It's very attractive and it's very addictive. So you cannot stop in the middle. So binge watching is the common trend because they stop in the middle of major prices of climax, which continues every episode. So every episode is like one climax in there. So you don't want to stop it in the middle expecting to have another climax next. So did you watch all nine episodes in a row? Tonight. Tonight? But I'm sure there are many people who have just watched it all in one sitting. Are each episodes an hour long? Yeah, about nine hours. We just got a question coming in through the chat here. I don't know if you can see it or not, so I'm going to go ahead and if you would allow me, I'm going to read it. It's from P. Gregory Frey. So he's already watched all episodes of the Netflix show Squid Game. I wonder as I compared it to many fairly similar types of themes. Now, these are Western themes in view. The Running Man, Gladiator, Spartacus, any show which suggests that the unhappy masses need to be calmed and the way to do it is to bring them together to watch others compete and suffer as a result. Yeah, so Spartacus comes to mind. Gladiator comes to mind. Why anyone would have volunteered when given the three symbols business card? I guess that's part of the Squid Game. Is this a cultural reaction or attraction in Korea or in Asia which makes the ask realistic and likely of success? This kind of addresses what I was thinking about is the income inequality that's highlighted through the Squid Game. Thank you. What do you think? Is that a theme that you think resonates across the world because of genie coefficient differences in income inequality? The original movie, original manga has the same inequality problem as the motivation of the whole story. So it motivates people to participate, especially in poor people have really no hope. They try everything to get out of this game, but they have to return. The point is you have to return to the game because you're given a chance to escape in the beginning, but then you have to return. That's the secret part of this whole attraction. When people watch, it doesn't matter whether you're Korean, Japanese, Chinese or American or French, as well as you watch that can fairly easily understand the logic about why they have to come back to the game. Despite the freedom they experienced after the first release from the sort of concentration camp type of island. But the reason is very simple because you ran out of every option of your life.  So it's all human universal feeling.  You want to at least try one last time. So that one last time is going back to the game spot. So the people who are watching this in the United States 50% of the population is living paycheck to paycheck. And the poverty rates in Japan are having going up before COVID, but have been accelerated through the last couple of years in COVID. I think that's true as you mentioned worldwide, all the countries. So many people who are viewing this are in the situation of the poor people in the drama that are competing for the money. I find it interesting that half the population base or half the people who are watching the squid game could be in it, potentially. Well, I want to make a distinction here between absolute poverty and relative poverty. The poverty, the Japanese manga and the Korean drama, the squid game are depicting. It's not about absolute poverty you find in Africa or some other, you know, underdeveloped developing countries. It is a wealthy country where people are relatively well to do, but they have a dream which they cannot capture without a lot of money. So as long as in that sense you are relatively poor. I want to go to America, but I don't have money for that. So they'll find poor. So I want to play that game. So game stuff is like a preview game.  So you don't have to really do that. But as long as you're in the game, which I think is a, which resonates with the whole social, you know, social structure rich countries, you don't have to really work hard. You can survive. You're not going to be really absolutely before you're going to, you're not going to stop today. But we are trying to survive. We are working hard. We compete with each other in our normal social setting, even if we are relatively well to do because we think we want to be more like a millionaire. We want to be more like, you know, the famous rich and famous of our society. So that is the underlying theme. So if I, if anybody sees this movie from like a really poor country like 80, they will not understand the whole structure. Why do they have to do that? Right. Because we Haitians don't have anything to eat. Right. We have to really understand this, that this is about relative poverty and people are not starving to death, but they have a huge dream that needs a lot of financing to do. That's, that's very insightful in you. I can see that. So it's, it's relative poverty. And the program reinforces the theme of upward social mobility, even though the facts are that upward social mobility is limited in Korea and limited in Japan and limited in France and limited in the United States. All the data shows that. But people still dream about that. And I guess this drama is showing that, well, it's a fiction, but people would risk their lives in order to move up to the higher level within their developed economy, whether it's Korea or Japan or China or France or Germany or Brazil or wherever. So that I think that's a very important insight and would explain why the show is so popular in the developed world. It resonates with the people in the developed world. Developed world. Developed world. Not in the really starting poor, you know, countries. Yeah, I agree. I've been to Africa and the poverty level there is, is beyond anything that you can really imagine as coming from America or Korea. And they would, they would not relate to this at all. I agree with you because it would, it would just be pure fiction, pure fantasy, not something that you, you would think is maybe possible. All right, so another thing we wanted to talk about is, is what this will lead to? You know, when Sai came out with his Ganyam style and there were three billion downloads, all of a sudden people were exposed to Korean music that the song was in Korean. The squid game is in Korean. That doesn't seem to have prevented this program from being wildly popular internationally. What do you think the knock-on effects would be of the worldwide success of this drama? I mean, as you pointed out, Korean dramas have had international success before, but there has been nothing like this. This is Netflix's most popular show ever. It's number one. Right, but if you remember Parasite two years ago, which won four Academy Awards, right? It's a four. That's a sensational record for Korean movie industry or movie history in general. So, so Koreans are doing really well these days in terms of public culture, films, dramas and pop music, K-pop music. So it has already established a worldwide basis of fandom, which has more than 100 million followers. I mean, routine, constant followers. They are really prosumers, not just consumers. So these prosumers are forming a sort of new cultural forces. Like, you know, we all remember the 1960s is a hippie movement as a cultural icon of American pop culture. You know, just, you know, these people, great rock singers and hard rock rockers singing together. That you have a resurrection of that nowadays in terms of how you send them or Korean popular culture send them all over the world. We have 100 million followers. So you simply adding to these fundamental power bases of pop culture and more and more people will join, particularly among men. Because before this parasite and the squid game boom, most how you send women. My data shows about 90% or more or pretty much women. But now it's because of the impact of parasite and squid game. I think the male participation in this rock called highly movement will increase substantially. So my bet is there will be about 20 or 30% male fandom in the highly movement in addition to the, you know, 100 million followers or less. Yeah, that reminds me also of BTS, which is now the number one musical band in the world. So that's a huge breakthrough there. I would imagine most of the fans there are female as opposed to the squid game or more are male. So Korea has the number one musical band in the world. That's unimaginable in some respects. I didn't think that that would ever happen, but it has. And now it has the number one Netflix program ever as well. So it's remarkable. So maybe we can talk a little bit for those of our viewers who don't understand the Hallyu movement and how has Korea built up to this great success that they're experiencing right now with the squid game. And BTS and parasite, it's phenomenal. I would say one big success factor for the Korean cultural boom was what we call post-colonial conviviality project, which the Japanese government invested a lot of money in or tried to promote as a gesture, friendly gesture between two countries, Korea and Japan. That started in the early 2000s. If you remember 2002 World Cup soccer games between Korea and Japan. Oh, yeah, that was fantastic. Yeah, there was the beginning year of what we call this friendly conviviality program between the two countries. So the first Hallyu big success happened in Japan. If you remember the Winter Sonata syndrome or you know... I was in Japan when that was occurring. It was incredible. Exactly. So if you remember that there was the beginning and that was what we call conviviality program. So Korea, Japan, we become friends again culturally, although we can compete with each other economically or politically. So that program has succeeded a lot. I mean, if you remember Korea, Japan, political history and economic history, it's all animosity competition. It's still hatred everywhere. But in cultural aspect, cultural front, everybody's hunky there. Koreans and Japanese, they love each other. They dance each other. They sing together. They produce movies and music programs together. Nijuu, for example, is a Korea-Japan combination of going to K-pop go-band. So in the cultural front, there's a huge success between Korea-Japan in terms of conviviality. And that conviviality in Japan, if the queen, the group queen became popular globally because they were first popular in Japan. Same thing as Chip Trick. Nobody heard about Chip Trick in the United States before they become so powerful in Japan. So Japan is a power base in terms of popular culture. So if Japanese love, the world may love. There's huge chance that the world market will accept any icons and idols from the Japanese market. So they first went to Japan and was big success for the last 20 years. Still number one biggest market for Korean pop culture is Japanese market. So based on the Japan success now, gradually moving into other parts of the world. And the United States the last destination because the United States has Hollywood, the United States has huge pop culture, pop music bases. So for Koreans it was unimaginable to compete with America. But somehow several young people, the first big success was size Gangnam Style, if you remember that. Oh, of course. Yes. So he was the first Korean man who hit Billboard number two at that time. So gradually more and more young people going to the States and now they are kind of thriving into the America. The biggest, largest and most fearsome, you know, most competitive pop market in the world. So I think it will continue for a while. I remember reading about ABBA back in the 1970s when when they were just hugely successful. That they were the number one export for the entire country of Sweden. They actually generated more revenue for the country than Saab did or other Japanese or other Swedish manufacturers. Is that happening now in Korea's BTS and Squid Game and the revenue that's being generated? Is this the most important export? Is it bigger than Hongdae and Samsung and all of those other manufacturers? Not exactly because unlike the Swedish music industry, the Korean K-pop music industry is in a very weak position because they have no right to sell their music globally because mostly, you know, BTS is owned by Sony music. Sony has a lot of cash, you know, they rake in a lot of cash because of BTS sales, album sales. Koreans produce mainly, they cannot distribute. So same thing with Netflix. You know, Koreans don't have drama distribution systems, so they produce drama for certain fees. But Netflix, you know, they take the largest profit out of this. For example, Netflix invested about $250 million, but they are now raking in more than $10 billion. So the huge difference between what Koreans earn and what the Americans earn or what the Japanese earn in music. So the industry will be small, okay?  So this is only a small fraction of Korean economy. But nonetheless, this is a very welcoming situation. Yeah, you may be right. I think you're right about the revenue contribution. It may be small because the middleman, the producers, this has been true in the record industry for as long as I remember. And the artists get ripped off. The people who make the money are the Atlantic Records and Apollodore and all of those people. But in terms of the influence, I would imagine probably more young people know about BTS than they know about Samsung. Right, so in terms of cultural influence, it's big. They are now using BTS to promote their product. Oh, they are, okay. What's surprising is that Hyundai Motor has never sold any coin in Japan, but because of BTS nowadays, Hyundai is coming back to Japan. They sell their cars for the first time in Korean history to sell at least one car in Japan. Wow, so they're using BTS as an entry now. And I'm sure many Japanese people would love to buy a car that's been endorsed by BTS. My students in my class, not just Asians, but Europeans and Americans as well, they love BTS. Thank you. We're running out of time. We just have one minute left. Is there anything that you'd like to wrap up with before we close the show? Well, this has been a great opportunity to express some of my thoughts about this. But there are so many misunderstandings about Korean pop culture, so we need to study more. Please turn into all the professionals, what they have to say about this Korean, instead of surfing around the internet and getting all the wrong rumors about Korean pop culture. I'll have you back on the show again so we can correct the wrong impressions. This has been very interesting. Thank you all for tuning in to Looking to the East. The show will be on in a couple of weeks or so. We'll address another issue having to do with Japan or more broadly Asia. Those of you that are interested in supporting ThinkTech or this show in particular, please consider making a contribution to the nonprofit organization ThinkTech Hawaii. Thank you so much. This was so interesting and thank you for the viewers for tuning in.