Reading a research, I think it's a young president's organization or the survey they've done around 130 CEOs across the world. And apparently, I think almost 30% of the women's CEOs had to balance respect with likability. But men didn't have to think about likability it seems and only 9% of their male chief executive counterparts had to think about likability, which to me was quite interesting that you know that there are these different conceptions around. Now asking about being brave at work I think I was really and I think that I think your leader your managers your immediate managers really important I remember my first advice I got in my career more than 25 years ago. I was a male manager leader who literally said, so you know what, if life isn't you know if that isn't happening on Monday, don't get up and work on a Sunday just because somebody thinks you should be working 24 by seven.  Nobody else is going to be and the other thing I would add is the other piece of advice I got from a leader was whenever we did something wrong as a team. He took he took the blame for it but when we did something really really well. He gave us the credit for me. So for me I guess it's about learning from those leaders but I think it's a responsibility on us whether it's women or men as leaders to think about our own shadow of leadership right how are we, what kind of a shadow and if we cast a shadow which is, which encourages people to be brave which encourages people to have this courageous conversation. Guess what that cascades that cascades really quickly. And people say you know that's the way to get ahead so I think it's on us to be those role models a little bit, but definitely leaders play a huge role in that environment where you can be brave you can stand up for yourself and be true to who you are.


Whatever happens to us, good or bad, is God's will. And somehow once we really abandon ourselves to that, that will give us peace. Yeah, exactly. When difficult circumstances come, we have a sacred moment, a choice. Are we going to ask the question, what is God doing? Why do I need this? How do I conform to His will?  Are we gonna reject it? When we reject His will, we get angry and upset. Then we take ourselves out of the realm of peace, which is where He is, right? It's sort of like Peter stepping out of the boat. And there's this great moment where Jesus invites him to this greater faith in the midst of a storm. And his initial reaction is good, but Jesus didn't immediately calm the storm. And so things are still raging around. And then what Peter does is he takes his eyes off of Jesus and he looked to the mess and then he's overcome. We have that same choice in those moments.


Let us begin our fourth lecture on surface potential and threshold based solutions of the drain to source current. First we will summarize the key results of the previous lecture. In the previous lecture we got a solution of the surface potential psi s as a function of gate to bulk voltage and channel voltage from y-dimensional analysis. The steps were as follows. To integrate the y-dimensional Poisson Boltzmann relation to get E y s that is the y directed surface electric field. So if I want to show you that this is your source and drain and this is your y direction right. So you are getting a field in the y direction. This is your depletion region, this is the so called inversion region, this is n plus n plus and this is p. Now how do you get the E y s? So you have dou square psi by dou y square. You integrate this equation once and we have discussed the steps of integration, I am not going to go through again. When you integrate it once you get dou psi by dou y. In fact that is what is the electric field in the y direction. Then after you have got E y s we have seen that right hand side of E y s is a square root term and therefore you have both plus and minus roots of E y s out of which the plus or positive E y s is used for depletion and inversion because it is a p type substrate right that we are considering and the negative E y s is used for accumulation right. So when the E y s is in this direction which is what it happens when you have a p type substrate E y s is positive. Now we approximated the E y s by removing some terms considering the practical situations and then using this approximated E y s we use the equation Q s equal to minus epsilon s E y s to get the following in inversion right and that is this Q s as a function of psi s. After getting Q s as a function of psi s we substituted this into the surface potential equation or S P E with and in this S P E we put psi ox equal to minus Q s plus Q f by C ox using the gradual channel approximation and so on right and then this surface potential equation with these substitutions led us to the surface potential equation that is given at the bottom of the slide. Now in this equation here that term psi s is equal to psi s naught surface potential is psi s naught for V equal to V s B if you substitute V s B here you will get psi s naught okay all these terms will become psi s naught and similarly if you substitute V equal to V D B you get psi s l or the surface potential at the drain. Now the important point is this psi s expression saturates with increase in channel voltage V causing saturation of I D s so this is the reason why the I D s saturates in our theory because the surface potential psi s saturates I gave you as an assignment to show that this expression for psi s saturates I am sure you would have attempted it right now in case you had difficulty in appreciating how this particular expression leads to a saturating values of psi s let me quickly give you some hint so this is psi s as a function of V now you can see here that this entire term has a negative sign right this term has a negative sign so I can push this term to the left hand side so that all the psi s dependent terms will be on the left hand side then this will come as a positive term so now on the left hand side I will have psi s and this entire term okay. Now concentrate on this particular exponential when your V is 0 this term is psi s minus twice psi f by V t okay and let us say you get some value of psi s evidently it will be non-zero okay because on the right hand side you have V G B minus V F B so let us put some non-zero value here for psi s now as you increase your V what is going to happen is this exponential term is going to go on decreasing right why is it going to decrease because those psi s is also going to change but since the V here appears against a negative sign okay this entire quantity will go on decreasing as you increase your V so if this quantity decreases your value of psi s will increase because you can see that we have moved this to the left hand side and if the exponential term is reduced in other words you have 3 terms on the left hand side dependent on psi s if any one of the terms reduces the value of psi s will increase because right hand side is remaining the same right so it goes on increasing so you get increase here now let us appreciate why it will saturate you can see that if this term right if this exponential term if the exponent becomes more and more negative the exponential term falls and you know exponential of a negative variable goes to 0 if the variable goes on increasing so this term is going to vanish this entire exponential term is going to vanish and once that happens right you are left with an equation for psi s so if I remove this term you are left with a very simple equation for psi s it is a quadratic okay and when you solve it psi s will be a constant because it will be a function of Vgb minus Vfb and gamma all of which are constants so therefore for large v it will reach a saturation okay and in fact you also know what will be the saturation value saturation value is obtained by removing the exponential term and solving the remaining quadratic equation okay so now let us put together or rather in the previous lecture we put together surface potential based model as follows so ids consists of diffusion and drift the diffusion current is given by this formula the drift current is given by a somewhat longer formula where you have the linear square law and 3 by 2 power law terms the psi s is solved by using this equation and to repeat the above psi s expression saturates with increase in V hence this model predicts the ids behavior over the entire bias range without the need for any partitions such as sub or super threshold non saturation or saturation and weak or strong inversion okay so see it is such a nice expression right it includes drift and diffusion and saturates naturally you can carefully see here no threshold voltage term or no saturation voltage term is horizon okay so let us illustrate our result pictorially you remember we had sketched this kind of the current voltage curve okay on a semi lock plot note that here current is on a lock plot whereas the VDS is on a semi lock sorry VDS is on a linear scale right the id is on a lock scale while the VDS is on a linear scale okay now what we have done is we have struck out some terms such as threshold voltage and this line which partitions between saturation and non saturation right and we are striking out this also because this current is because of leakage and we have not modeled leakage in our model okay so the surface potential based model predicts this entire variation of the current without introducing any threshold voltage or this partition though of course it does not model the leakage current so that is why we are striking it off and therefore if you use a surface potential based model and make a calculation you will get all these curves okay smooth you will get all these curves in a smooth manner right okay let us see what kind of curves would the surface potential based model give when you plot id as a function of VGS okay so here two types of plots are shown this is the plot which uses the current on the right hand side right that is why this arrow is shown here and this is a lock scale so this current versus voltage is on a semi lock plot whereas this blue curve uses the current scale which is on the left hand side that is why this arrow is shown here and this is linear scale so this is linear linear plot okay the voltage is always on a linear scale so we are plotting id as a function of VGS keeping VDS and VBS constant right now this thing is struck off in other words there is no threshold voltage concept so you will not have any partition like this in the surface potential based model that is why this is struck off and this part is because of leakage which we are not able to model so the surface potential based model would give us these curves smoothly okay so let us return to our previous slide giving all the expressions of the surface potential based model and let us make another important point this is about the channel length L, L denotes that part of the source to drain channel over which gradual channel approximation is valid, remaining part of the channel delta L near the drain accommodates the potential variation from Psi SL to Psi naught plus VDB okay now let us understand this part about interpretation of channel length and so called channel length modulation okay so let me sketch a diagram to illustrate this point so this is your MOSFET, this is your gate, this is your depletion layer, this is your inversion layer and this is the so called region right here at this end so the edge of the channel comes only up to this point when your VDS goes on increasing right beyond a value that I am going to tell you shortly so this distance here I am sorry not this this distance is delta L so the channel length L is up to this point now let us give the characteristics of this point this is the inversion layer so this is rounded here you are applying VDB you are applying BGB here and you are applying VSB there this is a P type substrate okay so let me sketch below this the potential variation so I am plotting the surface potential along this okay so this is your X along this axis so at the source here the surface potential that is the potential drop like this right in the depletion layer this is PsiS0 on a other and on the other hand here this is the so called PsiSL at this point okay and you are going on increasing VDB but the PsiSL has saturated right so we talked about it as you increase V the channel voltage V the PsiS saturates so at the drain it will saturate at PsiSL but you are going on increasing VDB now what is the potential at this point okay so if I put the potential here at this point at this edge this is Psi0 plus VDB okay where Psi0 is a built in potential of the PN junction right so that is somewhat like the potential drop across a reverse bias N plus P junction when you apply a voltage VDB the total potential drop here is Psi0 plus VDB so now the difference between Psi0 plus VDB that is at this point and the PsiSL which is the potential here at this point that difference falls across delta L so let us show this in this graph so this potential goes on increasing and it is something like this okay so this value is PsiS0 what we are plotting is PsiS so this axis is PsiS and when you come here it becomes PsiSL and when you reach the drain it becomes Psi0 plus VDB so when you start from VDB equal to VSB your potential PsiSL will follow VDB as you increase VDB but beyond some point so let me sketch that part if I sketch PsiSL versus VDB you will get something like this right so this is the saturation value of PsiSL because that is the nature of this PsiS versus VDB function so this is the saturation value of PsiS so when you are increasing VDB up to this point PsiSL is following your VDB but beyond this point it is saturating but you are going on increasing VDB so the difference between the potential at the drain contact and the potential at this point which is the edge of the channel length L okay that difference falls across delta L so delta L will go on increasing from 0 as you increase your VDB right and this Psi0 plus VDB minus PsiSL that is this potential difference it will fall across delta L so this edge of the channel will go on moving towards the source so this is the channel length modulation this is the interpretation of channel length okay so over this L your garage channel approximation will be valid but over this delta L it will be invalid now let us move on further again we come back to the slide of the various expressions what about the average mobility let us focus on that okay we are using this average mobility expression here or average mobility term for the diffusion current this average surface mobility for electrons is approximately equal to mu n effective given by mu n 0 by 1 plus EY effective by E0 power n okay so you see that here there is no longitudinal field effect that we need to consider we only need to consider the vertical field okay because we are in the diffusion regime okay and if you recall in the diffusion regime across the channel the voltage does not fall much so let me recall that while for drift current you have your depletion region varying like this okay where it is less at the source and more at the drain but when you are talking about diffusion it will be constant until the drain though the depletion region between the drain and bulk this will be large but the depletion region in the channel it will be uniform okay so that is the condition in the subthreshold region please recall there will be an inversion charge which is very weak so subthreshold is weak inversion region it will vary from source to drain no doubt but this will be very less compared to the depletion charge so that is why we are not considering the effect of this this field because this field from drain to source along x this field is very small you only need to consider the vertical field so that is why we are considering the mu n effective now here when you try to evaluate this now you recall that mu n 0 is the bulk value of mobility corresponding to the particular doping in the substrate when you evaluate this where E by effective is the effective electric field in the y direction and E naught is a critical field the E by effective is written in terms of QB plus 0.5 QI by epsilon s with the modulus because E y is positive right whereas the charges are negative here inversion charge and depletion charge are negative now in this expression in subthreshold QI is much less than QB so just now we have remarked that because QI is much less than QB even though QI varies QB does not change it is uniform so that being the case since QI is much less than QB we can remove QI term here and we can write the E by effective in terms of QB alone so that would be your expression for average surface mobility here how do you find out QB well you know how you can find out QB in terms of the surface potential okay using P injunction theory. So we can further write this QB in terms of the surface potential as gamma into C ox into square root of psi s naught you can write QB as this numerator term okay so this is what I said you can do in terms of P injunction theory psi s naught is a surface potential at the source now you will say but what is happening surface potential at the drain so I want to take you back again to this diagram and we have said that from source to drain here the channel depletion layer is same so the surface potential does not change much in weak inversion okay so you can take it to be equal to the value at the source. Now let us look at the drift current what is the average surface mobility for drift current now the average surface mobility for drift current you will recall the expression that we had written it is 1 by L into 0 to L into this term right where the mu n effective is given by this formula and of course the EY effective we had written in the previous so both these expressions we had written in the previous slide right the new thing is only this so let us try to understand this particular expression right so what is that expression really okay so you will recall we defined let me write here on the side mu n s average as 1 by L integral 0 to L dx by mu ns okay where now what is mu ns so mu ns is equal to the mu n effective which includes the effect of the vertical electric field divided by a term which includes the effect of the horizontal electric field that is 1 plus E x s I am putting a modulus because E x is from drain to source whereas x axis is from source to drain by V sat by mu n effective okay that is so called critical electric field and here this term is raised to beta and the whole thing is raised to 1 by beta okay this is the so called critical this thing again I will draw the axis for your convenience this is x this is y this p type substrate okay now it is this formula which is written here okay now just understand this how do you get this so this minus 1 here is this minus 1 okay and this mu ns is this so since there is this is 1 by mu ns your denominator here will go up and numerator will come down so let us write 1 by mu ns this will be equal to 1 plus this whole quantity to the power beta to the power 1 by beta upon mu n effective now I take this mu n effective inside so when I take it inside since there is a power 1 by B mu n effective will get raised to the power beta okay but with a negative sign because mu n effective is in the denominator right so mu n effective raised to the power minus beta so that is what is happening here when I take it inside similarly when I take this mu n effective inside this term here it will cancel with this mu n effective term okay and therefore you will be left with V sat alone okay so that is how you get this E xs by V sat whole power beta so now you understand how we have got this expression here now let us look at how do we integrate this so to integrate we have to make some approximations beta is equal to 1 because otherwise analytical integration of this equation is not possible and what about mu n effective it actually varies in the x direction from source to drain however we will assume mu n effective to be constant with x at its value mu n effective 0 at the source okay so these are the 2 approximations we are going to do so we will set this beta as 1 so okay this beta will set it equal to 1 and this mu n effective though it varies from source to drain according to this formula here where E y effective is given by this formula we are going to use its value at the source that means we are going to use this here we will put a 0 here and we will put a 0 here right that is what we are going to do so this will now be a constant when I am integrating with respect to x so when I do that I will get this mobility expression okay mu n s bar average mu n s is given by 1 by mu n effective 0 plus bds by L divided by V sat okay where mu n effective 0 and E y effective 0 are given here now let us look at this a little bit how do I get Vds by L in the numerator so let us go back to this slide so what is happening is this E x s okay is being written as Vds by L how does it happen so since these 2 terms are being summed up when I put beta equal to 1 okay this whole power this bracket power 1 by beta becomes just 1 here okay so this goes off you are really just summing up 2 terms okay and integrating them so let us consider this integration individually so you are getting integral 0 to L mod E x s by V sat the power beta is again power 1 so there is no beta dx right now V sat is a constant now E x s consider your mass device E x s the field at the surface in the x direction this is E x s when I integrate this in dx so this is your x direction from source that is x is equal to 0 to drain x is equal to L this is 0 this is L then what will I get I will get the difference in potential between this point and this point right and what is the difference in potential between these points I can either talk in terms of surface potential or in terms of applied voltage if I talk in terms of surface potential here the potential is psi s L and here the potential is psi s not so really when I integrate E x s from source to drain I will get psi s L minus psi s not now when I substitute psi s L as let me create some space so I substitute psi s L in terms of VDB and psi s not in terms of VSB so this quantity will be VDB plus phi not and this quantity will be VSB plus phi not okay phi not is twice phi f plus 6 VT here so this phi not phi not cancels when you take this subtraction so it becomes VDB minus VSB and VDB minus VSB is nothing but VDS so that is how the integral of E x s over DX becomes VDS okay and there is this 1 by L here outside so that you take inside so this becomes VDS by L so that is how you are getting this VDS by L now why are you not getting the L division here for mu ineffective because this has become a constant after you have made it a mu ineffective 0 okay and you are integrating that with respect to DX from 0 to L so you get an L out of this integration in numerator that cancels with the L in the denominator that is how you get this equation okay. Now mu ineffective 0 is this formula this is straight forward we know this the E y effective 0 you have to determine Q i and Q B at the source so that is why you are going to use the expression for Q i in terms of psi s and put psi s equal to psi s not and you are going to use expression for Q B and you are going to put psi s equal to psi s not in that expression now the expressions for Q i and Q B in terms of psi s are given here so Q i as a function of psi is given by minus C ox into VGB minus VFB minus psi s minus gamma into square root psi s while Q B as a function of psi s is given by minus gamma into C ox into square root of psi s so you substitute psi s 0 for psi s so you make this 0 here that is what you are supposed to do and how do you solve for psi s not and psi s l so well that we solve using this equation okay by substituting V equal to VSB here you get psi s not substitute V equal to VDB here you will get psi s l okay so that is how you can get this average mobility so you can see that the computational procedure is a little involved right it is a nice model it predicts current voltage variation smoothly over entire region of operation okay but there are lot of computation involved so that is why people have gone in for some simplification right and other types of models so further simplification of this average mobility expression so you are writing the denominator here VSAT as there is an l coming here okay so you are writing this VSAT in terms of a critical electric field right and you are moving this mu n effective out please look at this so let us show how that happens so you take this mu n effective out so you will get since there is a reciprocal there so mu n effective 0 into this you have taken out so you get 1 plus BDS upon l and this mu n effective goes up when you put it here so mu n effective 0 by VSAT or I can put this mu n effective in the denominator and write it as VSAT by mu n effective 0 now this term VSAT by mu n effective 0 you can clearly see that it has units of electric field and this is actually the critical electric field so this bracketed term is EC you can check this that this has units of critical electric field from we have discussed this mobility expression in one of our earlier modules otherwise you see dimensionally that is electric field dimensions VSAT is centimeter per second and mu n effective is centimeter square per volt second so second second cancels 1 centimeter goes in denominator you are getting volt per centimeter right that is electric field that is how here you get the critical electric field of course there is a power minus 1 over there so in other words this term comes in the denominator so that is what is actually shown here okay where EC is VSAT by mu n effective 0 so let us once again summarize our surface potential base model in the form of a plot and then use this plot for the surface potential base model to show how we are getting into the threshold base model okay so this shows IDS as a function of VGB on a semi log plot IDS is on the log scale here let us show the segments from which this behavior is obtained so you have the diffusion component given by this expression and if you plot that this part of the curve which is approximately a straight line okay which actually because of diffusion is because of this expression however when you increase your VGB as you get into the strong inversion region your current because of diffusion goes on increasing but at a slower rate than the total current because of drift and diffusion right so this is a diffusion component. Now let us put the drift component so in strong inversion your drift component dominates over diffusion component the drift component is given by this formula however for lower values of VGB your diffusion dominates over drift okay that is the way the picture is and there is some region here where both are comparable this is really the difficult region to model in very simple expressions right. Now in the background of this let us introduce the threshold base model okay the first step in the threshold base model is to partition these smooth curve okay the smooth blue curve into 3 regions. Now the partitioning voltages are the threshold voltage with respect to bulk okay the dash here indicates that this threshold voltage is calculated using the twice 5F criterion okay so we have seen that there are 2 threshold voltages one is the threshold voltage calculated based on the twice 5F criterion as we have done in the first level course and other is the threshold voltage that you get by linear extrapolation of the current voltage curve so theoretically if you want to calculate this that is the VTB that is obtained by assuming the surface potential to be twice 5F plus 6 VT. So V dash TB is the threshold voltage calculated using the twice 5F criterion while VTB is the threshold voltage calculated using the twice 5F plus 6 VT criterion okay. So below V dash TB on the VGB axis you have weak inversion between V dash TB and VHB you have the moderate inversion and beyond VHB you have strong inversion. So you are partitioning this curve this blue curve smooth curve into 3 regions weak inversion moderate and strong inversion and what you find here is in weak inversion the blue curve on a semi-lock plot is almost a straight line and we can show that similarly the red curve rather the blue curve in the strong inversion region okay is a square log has a square log behaviour okay. So let us show this explicitly the dashed lines show the exponential approximation for diffusion now we have not shown how you get a simple exponential expression okay we are right now telling you the outline how it is going to be so it will turn out now why is it exponential well that is very simple on a semi-lock plot if a curve is straight line you know it has to be a power law okay an exponential is a form of power law. So we will show that the diffusion a component in the surface potential expression will reduce to a simple exponential after some approximations okay so that is this dashed line on the other hand this other dashed line here shows the square law approximation and we will show that the drift part of the surface potential based model will lead us to this simple square law expression after some approximations. Now notice here that if we were to use the exponential approximation for diffusion even in moderate inversion you will get very high currents much higher than the actual current on the other hand if we use a square law approximation okay which is valid for drift current in the moderate inversion you will get much lower currents than the actual current okay so that is why this moderate inversion region is really very difficult to model we will be able to model using simple expressions the weak inversion and the strong inversion using exponential approximation in weak inversion and square law approximation for strong inversion and then later on we will discuss how to stitch together the square law and exponential approximations so that you get a smooth variation here without adding any separate expression for the moderate inversion region. Now with that introduction of the threshold based model let us summarize what we have achieved in this lecture so which we achieved number of things so in this lecture we first summarized all the expressions of the surface potential based model and then we gave an interpretation of the channel length we said that when you go on increasing the drain voltage from value equal to the source voltage your surface potential at the drain psi sl follows the drain voltage up to a point but beyond some drain to bold voltage the surface potential saturates naturally right as a behavior of that surface potential expression. So therefore the excess potential between the drain contact and the saturation value of psi sl falls across a channel length modulation portion delta l right quickly this is the diagram which shows you that so this is your inversion region this is delta l this is l this is the so called psi sl sat and here you are applying Vdb so at this end your potential drop is psi naught plus Vdb so this difference between psi naught plus Vdb and psi sl sat falls across delta l so this is another important point made we made in this lecture then we also discussed the average surface mobility right what is the expression for the average surface mobility how to calculate it for the differential component of the current and for the drift component of the current so we found in the differential component of the current the mobility does not depend on the drain to source voltage while in drift component of the current the mobility does depend on the drain to source voltage right it also depends on of course gate to source voltage because both diffusion and drift mobility are a function of the vertical field which is always strong so in fact without the vertical field in a MOSFET here vertical field is this you cannot really get any inversion layer right whether it is diffusion or whether it is weak inversion or strong inversion and finally we showed how when you plot the surface potential base model drain current as a function of the gate to bulk voltage on a semi lock plot you get a linear segment for the weak inversion right on a semi lock plot so this linear segment on the semi lock plot amounts to an exponential kind of behavior and in the strong inversion region thus behaviors obtained from the surface potential base model can shown to be square law we have not shown it we said it can be shown and we are going to show it in the next lecture the moderate inversion region is a region which is difficult to model so in weak inversion diffusion current dominates over drift current in strong inversion drift current dominates over diffusion moderate inversion both currents are comparable we mentioned that the exponential segment of the weak inversion and the square law segment of the strong inversion can be stitched together in a way in which you get a smooth transition from the weak to strong inversion in the moderate inversion region so how to do that we will see in subsequent lectures.


Okay, Saturday afternoon, June the 22nd, 2013, it is officially summer, longest day of the year, supposedly was yesterday, summer solstice, and the supermoon should be arriving tonight for those with telescopes or good binoculars. The moon is closest to the earth, so it looks bigger, thus the name supermoon. It's funny how the first day of summer happens to be the longest day of the year. You would think that the middle of summer would be, but no, it doesn't work that way. Welcome to Progressive Discussions, I'm your host James P. Madonna of Megalife 21, at Heart of Sitting Internet Talk radio station on the planet, and I will formally pipe aboard my co-host and mentor for the show aboard our Progressive Liberal Starship. Ahoy, matey. Welcome aboard. The Reverend Dr. William J. Eisenman, the very founder of Newsletter Censored in 1977, and the new issue is out. How are you feeling this week, sir? Pretty good. Okay. Yeah, the new issue of Censored is out, and get it while it's hot off the griddle. Okay, I want to go over a couple things here. Oh, do you get this in the mail, micro-center? Okay, I'll throw it away. I went over this once before, now don't get me wrong. We'll do a little chiseless Hall of Shame. I don't have really much to talk about this week for chiseless Hall of Shame, but I love this buffet. Don't get me wrong. For the money, it's great quality. But the coupons that they give out, okay, dollar off the lunch and dollar fifty off the dinner. In fine print, it only applies to people who buy a beverage, iced tea, soda. So in reality, you're not getting a dollar off the lunch buffet itself. You are getting a free drink. Now, with myself, I like ice water with fresh lemon or lime. So the soda and the iced tea doesn't apply to me. So it doesn't pay for me to use the coupon, but the point is, if it was a fair coupon, it would be a dollar off the lunch buffet period. Not you have to buy a beverage. So for those that do get soda and iced tea, they're getting a free drink. So in reality, it's not a true discounted coupon off the meal. All right, there's a catch to it. So that's it. I don't have a problem with the place, with the establishment, with the food. I just have a problem with the misleading coupon. But it's nothing new in business, especially retail advertisements. How about the bars with drinks and peanuts? Free peanuts. Oh, boy. The bars. Yeah, bars have been putting out salty snacks for ages to make you more thirsty. But today, drinks are expensive. You know, a simple screwdriver might set you back $6 New Jersey, maybe $8 in New York City. And they're not, they've been caught. They're not using a full ounce and a half, otherwise known as a jigger of hard liquor, like they're supposed to, put a shot of liquor in your drink. They've been using not only watered down booze, but they have been sneakily selling cheap liquor as top shelf liquor. And they were caught doing it, like TGI Fridays was caught. But an investigation is going on throughout the bar industry. So, it doesn't surprise me because the people that run bars and work in bars and bartenders, it's like waitresses working the graveyard shift. It doesn't exactly attract the most functional, stable, normal Sunday go-to-meeting people, you know, there.  Let's put it that way. Yes, I have met these waitresses before in late night dinos and they have lots of issues. And so do people that work in bars.  You know, I was just trying to look for the right words, instead of just using dysfunctional. Well, you know what I mean. You could tell when somebody has issues. Some have a little bit, some have a lot. Yeah, but the biggest issue is the trickle-up. Yes. That's what that's all about. Another example. Yes. Taking the money from down below, putting it up above, where it doesn't get into the real economy. And you're also adding deregulation of businesses by conservatives that lets them get away with the shenanigans. And that's what this next Chisler's Wall of Shame is about. I got this through the mail. See what I got? It looks like a serious... In the government. Yes, it looks like a government check or something.  So by looking at it, any time you see the part, the perforation sections, where you have the peel, the ends off to open it, it's usually from the government and it looks like a government check. It's usually money from the government or something very important when you see a plain serious, not too much information on the front except your address and then you have the perforations. So here I thought it was something serious, which, you know, you people at home would agree that it definitely looks that way. Lo and behold, after I peel the perforations off and I open it up, where do I see? An advertisement from a Toyota dealer in my area. They're going to give it a loan too? Toyota of Hackensack says here 278 River Street, Hackensack, New Jersey. Toyota of Hackensack is now sending their obnoxious high-pressure sales crap in the form of a very serious looking government envelope with perforations going around it. So it kind of annoyed me that they have to stoop so low to get your attention by copying a government envelope, but they do. They're doing it and ever since the Republicans have control of Congress, I have noticed that companies have been getting away with more and more and more of these shenanigans and it has to do with deregulation. And you know, it's like what I read, let me see what I got here. Mr. The Ugly Turtle Face Senator from Kentucky, Mitch McConnell, said that the concept of corporations not having the same rights as people is absurd. Well you know what? You're absurd and your face is absurd and you could tell Mitch McConnell is definitely on the take by making a statement like this. He's definitely in somebody's back pocket. Well he also insinuated that the White House was involved with the IRS quote, scandal, unquote, which turns out to be no scandal at all. Oh, but they're always on the attack for anything when it comes to... Well they wanted to make Barack Obama a one-term president. Yeah, that didn't work out. Their objective is simply to gain control of the United States and whether it be frivolous, whether it be big scandal, whether it be nothing unproven, they will constantly attack the Obama administration like a woodpecker on a tree. They will peck away, they will attack and their objective is to get total control so they can install their wonderful corporate plutocracy, fascism and pretty much give the working mainstream masses pretty much given next to nothing like chicken scratch, no benefits, no less than minimum wage, no overtime, 40 hour work week. Well they almost cut what was it, $2 billion or so, or $2 billion I guess it was from the food stamp program. Yeah, I think we're going to read something about it. But they don't give you much as it is. No kidding. They want to cut it. Now, Mr. the wonderful governor of Texas, Republican Rick Perry. I can't remember the other one. I can't recall. Yeah, Governor Rick Perry stated that he really cares about the poor in Texas and the poorest in the state of Texas, but he's against equal pay for women which is creating more poor in Texas. And the Medicaid. Yeah, definitely they don't want Medicaid. Medicaid doesn't really pay for what you need. If you need eyeglasses, they just pay for basic thick lenses. They don't pay for nothing extra. So if the apometrist recommends anti-glare or high index or whatever, Medicaid won't pay for it. They won't pay for dental.  So what? The government wants you to do what? Eat baby food or something? The Republicans rather, the conservatives. The conservatives want you to eat baby food since they don't pay for dental. So, and to get the HMO extension, which is probably not the best health insurance in the world, you have to have minor children as a Medicaid recipient. If you're poor and you're single, or I'm sorry, if you're poor without children, you don't get the HMO extension. And of course many doctors don't want to take the Medicaid, blah, blah, blah, blah, blah. It goes on and on and on.  Hey, Mr. Ball Ryan was out there the other day. Do any confucius thing. Oh, he's alive. Thinking it comes from the Bible.  Take him out of fish and he'll eat forever. What if the river or pond or lake or pond is? What if it's owned by the king? What if it's private? What if there's no public land around the waterways for you to fish? Or the waterways can be like you've told me many times. What? He says about teaching a poor schmuck to fish, he'll eat for a lifetime. What if the waterways are? What happens when something's very contaminated? Ah, polluted, but that's something else. In other words, what they're... The point is... By quoting this statement, it's like a quick generalization, like a quick fix with a generalized statement. They want to... It's saying that the poor are lazy, et cetera, et cetera. Like, Michelle Bachman was out also touting the cuts in benefits, et cetera. With her, I believe it's from Timothy. I'm not sure. I'd have to look it up in my notebook. The statement where, if you don't work, you don't eat. Oh, is it in Timothy? That has nothing to do with what the chief's talking about. That poll said that, basically, if you're not going to do the work of God, you're not going to eat something. See how they twist things around? But it's all to make the poor lazy, and you shouldn't give them anything because then they'll be lazy and they won't work for the man. They won't work for the man for 32 cents an hour. Or what the people in Bangladesh are working for, whatever, 15 cents an hour, whatever it is. So, G.I., I wonder if the Republican Congress is taking a cut, too, along with the social services? No, they never do. In pay. Gee, they're not taking a cut. Or they're great health insurance, or they're paid great pensions.  Not the rich. But it's never him and his rich buddies or the politicians that are in office making great sacrifices. They just keep on giving themselves a raise. They're making... Trickle up. A lot of money, man, and it's all part of trickle up. And they're against the social services because they want to shrink government down to nothing and they want the country to be a corporate plutocracy and controlled by corporations and fascism. They want people... Eventually, they want to enslave the masses. And like I said in the past, I know... Eventually, they want to kill 70 or 80 percent of us. The poor. Who are sucking up their resources. The top 20 percent really would like to see the bottom 80 percent. Dead. Croak. Dead. Dead. Killed it. What's that thing?  Oh, yeah. Yeah, we are here. I might as well do it now. Yeah, we are... Yes, yes. The ominous voice.  That's exactly what they want to do. And also, I also made statements in the past that where would these corporations find their customers if people do not have the money to spend on their products? And Reverend Bill told me that the Republicans just do not think that far ahead. They don't. But they believe that the world is their oyster. Like... If they don't have a market here in the United States they don't have markets across the world. Like the CEO of Nestle, this scumbag demon CEO. He is. I know, but he... Hey, he wants to own the water. Which means he wants... Which means he wants to control human life on this planet as we know it. If he wants to control the drinking water supply he therefore wants to control the world. So he's like a...  But that's what it is. It's just the brand new colonialism. That's what... In the old days, United Fruit or whatever goes into a country and, you know, they take over whatever they want, need or whatever and the United States military protects them. That's what that's all about. So they've come to believe that they're the ones that deserve this stuff. Not we the people. Yeah. I thought this was a democracy. That's what I thought. We the people are... It's just like with this Snowden thingy here going on here. Wait a second. They're gonna... He's facing espionage charges now. Could go into jail for 30 years. Wait a minute. Where are the people? It's a democracy. We're supposed to know what the government is doing. Well, how are we gonna know that if the whistleblowers aren't protected? Yeah. I mean, what are we... What are we leaving people in charge up there such as the NSA making these important decisions for us and yet we're uninformed? Yeah. No way, Jose. If there's nobody there to expose the forces of evil, how on earth would the people in the world know about their dirty dealings? Exactly. They don't want us to know. That's what it's all about. But... Human nature never changes. The problem is, you see, they are in the position where they can make those decisions not to inform. Because they pay... To spy on us. Because they pay off the political leaders. It's really that easy. That's the government they have made for us. And when somebody is paid off, that's called political corruption, right? And then you have all these people. There's the government, the government this, that, the other thing. No, it's not the government. It's the people running it. Don't get the idea. The system is fine if it worked properly. It's like Karl Marx's socialism. It sounded beautiful when he first wrote it until they got corrupted by these greedy totalitarian military dictators. You know? And now they got it demonized. Everything gets corrupted. Now they got it demonized. Karl Marx's socialism is demonized just like liberals are demonized. What about... What about God's economics versus capitalism? Which is the devil's economics. We don't have to go to socialism or communism. We have a great economic standard set by the Bible. I thought that these right wing conservative Republicans, Christians they call themselves, yet none of them have heard of God's economics. And they certainly don't ever juxtapose it to their beloved capitalism. Capitalism would work perfectly and be the most perfect... No, I'm getting to the point. No, get to the point because you've got to remember one thing about capitalism. It favors who? The people on top, the wealthy. The wealthy. Those who already have. I'm talking about the form of capitalism slash democracy under a progressive liberal. Democracy and capitalism have nothing to do with each other. Okay. If the society in the United States accepts and recognizes that a good education including college and good healthcare for all is a right, not a privilege. And the rich pay the bulk of the taxes that they take on the tax burden. They pay their fair share in taxes and the tax breaks go to the middle class. The little guy totally... We already did that in the 40s, 50s, 60s and a half and the 70s. And if that all took place then things would be hunky-dory, peachy-keen.  Business took over the government and that's what we have today, fascism. Who started the trouble, really? Who was the culprit back then? There is no culprit. It was a series, a cabal. That's correct, a cabal. I like that word. Even that word sounds... A cabal. The word sounds sinister. Who used to use that all the time on the radio? Cabal. You're a friend of him. I am. Oh, the guy. Jay Diamond? No, he's a progressive. The other guy, the right-wing nut.  Oh, Bob Grant. Bob Grant, yes, a cabal.  Which is another funny word, cahoots. Cahootsies. Cahootsie? All right, now for the piece de resistance. This guy just looking at him gets under my skin. I hate him.  You just want to strangle him and punch him out. Bill Gates of Microsoft just so happens to own 500,000 shares of Monsanto. But he said that now that his goals have changed and his focus is off of Microsoft and he's a very global man now, he says that he wants to do good in the world. So if a multi-billionaire, if that's what he is, wants to do good in the world, then why on earth does he have so much money invested in the wicked, evil, poison-producing company and GMO company Monsanto? 500,000 shares. Interesting. Because these people don't recognize the contradiction that they live under. Yeah. First of all, if I'm not mistaken, I could be mistaken. Yeah. But Microsoft, I mean, Bill Gates and his wife there with the foundation, I don't know if they're doing good in the United States. I know that they're trying to vaccine Polio in Africa and get Gardasil to every girl in the world and boy. Dangerous vaccines, unnecessary vaccines. But why are they doing good in the United States? I don't know. Except the promotion of these toxic, unneeded vaccines in third world countries, fourth world, fifth world, whatever. But he wants to do so much good in the world, but he's in league, obviously, with Monsanto, with the evil Monsanto, by owning 500,000 shares of Monsanto. I find it interesting. And just by looking at him, he looks evil. He's the one that said in front of a huge crowd of college kids that the real world, when you graduate, the real world, the business world, corporate doesn't care about what you like, what you don't like, what your opinions are, what your feelings are, whether or not you find yourself. They don't really care about you. It's just a number and blah, blah, blah. About the bottom line. And he said it with such glee. He's just stating things as they are. But the point of that is we made those things the way they are.  No, of course not, because he was stating it. That's how it is. I tell you all the time. But you think you can fight against these forces all the time. But that's what is. That's what is right now. How to fight against them, if that's what you want to do, in some way you have to get the same power they have and you have to buck them on some sort of avenue that you're going to succeed in.   And I'll give her, I'll be a big boy here. You're going to be generous? I'll be generous and mention her name and say hi. Esmeralda Glutz? Glutz? Now be careful, because she's 95 years old, you know. In reality? She don't look it. That's what they do on Facebook. 95. Is that to keep men away from her? To keep men from hitting on her? She puts down 95 years old? I have no idea. Why 95? Why not like 105? And she'll really keep men away from her. See, she works in retail. And she said that she made a statement that she runs around like over 90 miles an hour in the store. And I says, well, it sounds like your store is greatly understaffed. And she says, yeah, and also greatly underpaid. She works for Payless Shoes.   So my answer to her is, you know, this is nationwide. This is across the board. Yes.  And I sometimes in upper management and retail would say, oh, I love my job.  Mostly would they love their job more if it were their own business? That's a good question. As God's economics has it.  Remember that. It's very important considering it's a contradiction to how we do it. You know for a fact that retail managers are also very much underpaid and overworked. And all the stores are understaffed because they want you to do the job of three or four people. They want you basically to be a slave. They don't compensate you for what you deserve. A huge culprit is the company that owns the Gap, which also owns a Banana Republic, I believe, in Old Navy. They really treat their employees like garbage. And there are other retail establishments that do so also. It's just famous for that. Well, it's because of the culture. The culture is that you have to go to them for a job to survive. They know that the job market is worse than ever.


So, in the normal state of equilibrium this support the body and when vitiated they produce the disease we are talking about doshas. So, doshas play important role and pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of the disease, vath, pith, cuff these are the doshas as I mentioned. So, let us look at these components in more detail. In the normal state of equilibrium doshas support the body and when these are vitiated they produce disease. These are called doshas because whenever there is a contamination it is reflected in the doshas first. So, kafa, prakriti kafa doshas or vath dosh or pitha dosh, pitha dosh is related to the problem in digestion, vath dosh is reflected in our ability to concentrate or the joint pains. Kafa dosh is reflected in the kafa's in the undue mucus excretion in the nasopharyngeal area. So, doshas are the first thing to get disturbed. So, they play a very important role in pathogenesis and diagnosis as well as treatment and disease management. Mun also moves from sattvic to rajasic or rajasic to tamasic. Rajasic is related to activity and tamas is related to inertness. Raj and tam when they are properly balanced with activity these this state is called sattva. So, disturbance in these aspect of gunas result into lack of health or well being. Dhatus in Ayurveda are correlated with the body tissues. For easy understanding we can say these are the basic seven building blocks of the physical body and they are called rasa, rakt, mans, med, ashti, madja. Let us look at doshas. The entire physiology and pathology in Ayurveda depend upon the status of three fundamental functional units in sharir. What are the three fundamental units in sharir? Doshas, dhatus, malas. These units or bioenergies they control all functioning of body. So, among these three units doshas are always first to get disturbed by various activities. If you have a change in the dietary factor there is a fluctuation in season, time during the day and my engagement with the work, my dhincharia which is my daily routine or rithu charia that is my seasonal routine. Doshas are disturbed, doshas are bad which get disturbed first because of my diet or my dhincharia or routine. There are three types of doshas. First is vath dosa. Vath is derived from word vah that means gati. So, anything related to the movement is related to vath dosa. There are some physiological, functional and physical traits associated with vath dosa and there are some traits and psychological traits which are related to vath dosa. Those who have taken the NPTEL course they must have received a link about assessment of their doshas. So, by taking that assessment which is developed by David Frawley the great scholar by looking at their assessment they can understand whether they have more of vath dosa, pitta dosa or kafa dosa. So, let us talk about the vath dosa. Vath dosa is concerned with mode of movement within the body and therefore governs nerve impulses, circulation, respiration and elimination.  So, if there is a vath dosa people will find it difficult to concentrate on one topic. Classically people with the prominent vath dosa have a thin body, low body weight and low bone structure. These are the physiological aspects. There are some psychological traits as well associated with vath dosa. These people having more prominent vath dosa are more creative, enthusiastic, fast and responsive people. They have a special drive to achieve goals in life. So, individual with the vath constitution is characterized by short memory, impulsive, they are shy, sensitive and these things also make them little more distracted in comparison to other dosas from one subject to another. So, these are the characteristics, general characteristics of vath dosa. Vath dosa or the word vath is derived from the root tupper which means heat. So, this dosa is responsible for digestion which is pachan and parinaman which is metabolism and digestion. So, vath governs the process of transformation or metabolism by regulating digestion, absorption, assimilation, temperature associated with that, skin coloration and luster of eyes. Pith regulates the digestion on mental and spiritual level as well. That is our capacity to digest impression, emotions, ideas that also come from the pith. So, dosa in the common term is considered as problems or dosas are considered as drawbacks. No, in the Ayurveda dosa are not considered as drawback, these are the basic constituents. These are called dosa because they are the first to show the contamination at physiological and psychological level, but they themselves are not the problems, they themselves are not the errors or drawbacks. These are there in everybody, not only in everybody all the forms of being. So, medium or athletic build is the characteristic of the people having high vath dosa and they are generally having medium height and delicate frame. There are some psychological characteristics associated with the people having more prominent vath dosa or vath prakriti that is intelligence, courage and vitality. They are like they come across as full of energy, courageous people, intelligent people who want to go to the depth of the subject or the people in whom vath dosa is more prominent, they will have multiple interest from one topic to another topic, they can comfortably keep hopping, but pith dosa result into capability of focusing on one thing. Focusing on one topic and go in depth into it, so that is that characteristic given by the pith dosa. Psychologically, pith endangers, anger, hate, jealousy, these are also the side effects of the vath dosa. So, people having vath dosa are supposed to reflect these characteristics, these psychological characteristics also more often. Kaffa dosa is reflection of the bioenergy that is responsible for maintaining the proper water balance, hydration and moisture in our bodies. So, this is responsible for growth, adding structure and governs the lubrication of the body to offer protection and directly influencing the emotions. This dosa is concerned with emotions and it endows with love, caring, devotion, faith which assist in maintaining internal harmony along with the unity with others. A well developed body with a tendency to gain weight is the reflection of kaffa dosa. So, people with the high and more prominent kaffa dosa, they show the characteristic of steadiness, calmness, being compassionate and they are psychologically endanger the emotion of attachment, greed and envy. So, you see there are some physiological characteristics associated with the dosas and there are psychological characteristics also associated with dosas. Those who are registered through NPTEL in this course, they must have received an assessment questionnaire to look at what is their prominent prakriti and vikriti.


Glitchtrap has been found in Freddy and Friends Episode 4. The fourth episode of the Security Breach TV cartoon, meant to promote the upcoming Five Nights at Freddy's title being developed by Steelwall Studios, has finally given us our first official confirmation that Glitchtrap from FNAF Help Wanted will make an appearance in the game. First discovered by user captain underscore galaxy de on the FNAF subreddit and then later clarified by Kane Carter over on Twitter, piecing together the random purple and yellow glitches during the episode reveals the silhouette of Glitchtrap. Could Glitchtrap's presence in the episode explain Vanessa's apparent eye color change? Between back in February's gameplay trailer where they were green and now in this episode where they look to be more yellow, could Vanessa be possessed by Glitchtrap and what are his motives in this new game?


We're going to go out and look for something to make sure we can prevent any crime from happening. Just as policing in Denver has evolved over the years. Driver and passengers, put your hands up. From training and tactics to equipment and engagement. Thank you. Keep doing good things right. I'll thanks for the hug buddy. Any masquerade? Thank you. Because I like police. You do. The way the Denver Police Department communicates with the community continues to change too. This is the community department and the two have to be have to become one. In order to do that, we've got to connect with them. They want to know what we're doing, why we're doing it, and they want to have a voice in it. A few years ago, DPD launched a bold new communication strategy, mainly driven by how folks in the community connect with one another and access news and information. You guessed it, through social media. And Denver residents have taken notice. Right now we have more than 50,000 likes on Facebook and 70,000 Twitter followers and those numbers are growing every day. Those large audiences were built by providing timely public safety information, such as potential threats and road closures, answering questions from the community, live streaming press conferences for public viewing, and by sharing the everyday stories of officers' good work, compassion, and contributions, stories that used to go largely untold. For example, this story about Officer Ambrose Slaughter, who paid for a motel room and meals for an elderly man who was living in his car, reached 10.6 million people and has more than a half a million likes and comments combined. They've gone out of their way to show the support and the love for the men and women in this department. And it's like that quick. DPD's Tips from a Thief video, for example, shows people how to avoid becoming the target of thieves who steal from cars. The video was viewed more than four million times and was shared by numerous police agencies around the country. Our pathways of communicating were very manpower-intensive. At a community meeting, we would often have five or six officers, again, to reach a small number of people, 10 to 20 people, and we would have community meetings like that all over the city with multiple officers. But now, with a piece like that, we were able to reach four million people in such a short period of time to get this important crime prevention information out. In features like Tips from a Thief, Denver police talked to this former break-in man named David. Or sometimes picked up by local TV stations, making the impact even greater. Take precautions because most crimes like this just can't be solved. These uniforms and museum pieces help to tell the story of how the Denver Police Department has adapted and modernized over the last 150 years. Now the department is launching its latest advancement in communicating with you, the community, the Denver Police News app. The app gives you access to breaking news, crime alerts, video features, podcasts, and all of our social media content in one place. And it's a great way for people who don't have Twitter or Facebook accounts to access this important information. It provides links for reporting crime, graffiti and other issues, as well as to contact your local district headquarters. Notifications can be customized so that you only get the alerts that are important to you. And the best part, the Denver Police News app is free and is available for both iPhone and Android devices. This here is a protection order. So whether we're sharing stories about officers helping their community, Christopher James McGough is a sexually violent predator currently living in Denver. Warning a neighborhood about a sexually violent predator or asking for your help in solving a crime. Whoever did this to my brother is still out there. Public safety is the common thread that ties all of these efforts together. I am extremely proud. We won awards. We've gotten kudos. We get national attention. But again, I have to go back to what I think is most important. All of these efforts, I think, have put us in a much better position to make this community safer.


Ladies and gentlemen so I'm like I'm back with another sit-down talk video I feel like you guys really enjoy these I enjoy these so I think we're gonna make this a little bit more routine here Maybe cover a different topic a ramble that's been on my mind Maybe some training tips, whatever it might be what you want me to copy the news trending news I don't know comment below. Let me know what you guys want me to cover whether it's a different type of diet training system Whatever it might be and we'll bring it up. We'll rip it apart. We'll see what's happening I'll give you my own honest opinions because I've had a little self. I don't know if I said welcome Welcome to the video. I had a little like a awakening, you know, I'm like man I used to be a little timid on making a clear-cut statement in the back because there's a lot of different ways To skin a horse as they say even though pita with their memes might come and get me There's a lot of different ways to do that and in training a diet There's not always one way that works and so I never want to just push one aside or say It's not worth talking about and also I've been doing this thing for seven plus years on the internet this fitness thing And I've been coaching and training people withers through basketball or strength and conditioning powerlifting for ten years And in my earlier days I felt like it wasn't my position to make a statement as I was still continue to learn now. I'm still learning and I'm still watching I'm still reading I'm gathering as much information as I can I'm gaining experience every single day as I'm coaching people online and a little bit in person, but We're ten years under my belt. I feel it's time. I feel it's time. I make a little bit more of a stand I stand here And so what we're gonna do is is today we're covering the 2019 Fitness trends which I found on a blog here online. I'm gonna tell you what I think whether they're BS whether they're good I'm also have a little deal here. I'm gonna try to curse less I don't know if YouTube's demonetizing me or what but I'm gonna try to curse less And we're gonna see how we can get through this thing if you want to come hang out more with me Be sure to check out my podcast mom those boys podcast 50% fax both links in the bio and also I'm streaming on twitch every single night if you guys want more personal Interaction, I'll be there all the time again comment what you guys want me to cover the next video Let's hop into the video finish strand number one 2019 wearable technology. I think no one cares. You know what I mean?  But what matters most is that we're slowly progressing progressive overload just like training over time So if you're dieting and you're eating 2,000 calories, and then you plateaued you probably have to meet 1900 calories Right, we need to progress So the stupid tracker telling me that isn't always the best when I can just track the food that I put in my mouth Right, and we keep all other variables my sleep my hydration my exercise my cardio Constant then I can adjust the food as we go The only issue comes with this is if your lifestyle is all over the place when And you're not getting the same workouts the same sleep the same food now Maybe you need this tracker to tell you but in my opinion you're better off getting into the habits the rituals the discipline Are getting your food sleep everything in line, and then you can slowly either add cardio take away calories as you're wanting to diet or even if you're bulking you can add a little bit more volume or you Can add a little bit more Calories as you need to go smart watches of what they're talking about heart rate monitors Blah blah ble blah the merging of fitness and tech shows no signs of going anywhere So expect to see more trackers and monitors in your way and I think you know a little bit of a tracker and monitors cool if you're trying to keep your heart rate a certain thing on a Cardio device, you know, maybe you're doing elliptical or jog and you're like alright this week I'm gonna try to kick it at 120 next week. I'm trying to kick it up a little bit more Or I'm gonna do intervals or what it might be and you can track it But I think it's more important again just to keep the Time of cardio you do or the type of cardio you do you consistent if you're doing 10 different sprint intervals twice a week And then you plateau then you just add another week or you add another round and now you're doing 11 or 12 rounds You know, it's it's that simple. Let's not over complicate things technology is amazing. I love it It allows me a career, but anything but let's not get too crazy about it trend number two group training They define group training as any workout with more than five participants at first appeared among the top 20 trends in 2017 Innovative interest like online group training classes. Actually, I think some of that's pretty cool to be honest because I think community I think having someone having your back, maybe even friends texting you like yo, bro So you have 530 we got a workout. I think for the average person that's gonna help a lot in them staying compliant to their workout schedule You know things like CrossFit. What's the bike pellet pellet on pep pep pep pep pep pellet on something like that Where it's an online like class and you're in your home on a bike. I think that's genius I honestly think that's one of the best fitness things that's coming around a long time Where you have a live coach or a live recorded coach and you're taking a class online Busting your butt on the bike I think it's convenient for most if they just shove a little spin bike in the corner spin bikes a great way to get cardio And obviously I recommend cardio and strength training for the the immense benefits It has for muscle bone density Longevity and I think your brain and health and let alone strength and the mental strength You know what I mean? Yeah, the mental strength to stay disciplined stay training And we all look a little bit better with muscle, but I do think group training in general Like I said CrossFit. There's some new one something 45 going around, but I'm down with it You know some people are doing a little bit of cardio.  It's just a buzzword our intervals great or sprints great. Yeah We've known that it's not a big deal if you want to get some conditioning in when you're playing basketball You want to be a better sprinter?  You just want to get your heart rate up sweat a little bit Sure intervals on any machine assault bike run in a hill again playing a sport like basketball sark, whatever Absolutely wonderful. Do we have to take like Mike? What's your h i i t routine? No one cares Let's stop using these buzzwords. Let's stop feeding the the big media outlets out here all this BS Let's focus on actually helping people Are you saying this just to sound smart and sounds to like it try to impress people? Or are we actually trying to help people with the information that allows them to reach their goals? When it comes to cardio, I'm pretty much down the middle of the road that you're going to try to just keep a Routine and burn calories throughout the week. So I'm not a big proponent of Intervals over maybe a low intensity or a moderate intensity I'm a big proponent of finding the cardio that you like and sticking to it. I personally think That yes sled pushes playing basketball things like that will get your heart rate up a little bit more may burn a little bit More fat which I'm not that into but it's more. It's more optimal. It's more time Less time consuming right you can get a good cardio session if you're pushing a sled on sprints five to ten rounds in Probably 15 minutes where to burn that same amount of calories on a treadmill walking or even a light jog We'll probably take half an hour plus So I do like that in terms of saving your time getting in and out of the gym, which I've been doing lately I Get in I have very short rest breaks on my on my movements I'm getting a maybe a little bit longer on the bench press because it's a little heavier And then I'm going into incline back whatever it might be I'm taking a minute rest at max and then I'm out of there in an hour I get ten minutes of sprints at the end or a hard cardio that I'm out Yeah, and I like that because I have other things to do in my day and I enjoy getting a little bit of sweat in but If you're talking the buzzword of hi it It's gonna fix all your problems and in your target areas.  Stop doing that.  There's a hair of science coming out that maybe you can't slightly but point being Let's start teaching the proper things if you're saying like shoulders. I'm gonna work my shoulders.  Let's stop. Let's just start being real with each other You know hopefully you guys enjoyed this video. I do want to talk more on different topics I have a list going on my phone. We're gonna record them as we go. This is the setting welcome to my show I'm selling Mike be sure to like subscribe turn on notifications comment below what topics trend news fitness nutrition Whatever it might be you want me to cover maybe even link an article below whatever might be I'm gonna read it. I'm gonna check them out and we will record more videos dropping two videos a week Ladies and gentlemen turn on notifications Monday and Thursday. I appreciate you. I'll see you on Twitch I'll see you on my podcast. Have a good one selling like I'm out of here


The neighbor did not let anyone into this house. Only after his death did the reason for this behavior become clear. Everyone was shocked. Welcome to Viral Stories. Secrets, facts, and strange stories from around the world. If you find yourself amazed at what some of our fellow humans and animals can do, this is the place for you. This is a channel you're going to want to tell your friends about. Be sure to subscribe and hit that bell icon to be notified of our new uploads. Now sit back, relax, and enjoy Viral Stories. Recently thanks to the internet, each of us can increasingly observe the most real time capsules, which are still intact for dozens and sometimes hundreds of years. An old house is not just a building. First of all, it represents many stories and riddles. Behind its dilapidated walls hides something mysterious and inexplicable. After all, how else can one describe the feelings that overwhelm a person when he opens the doors of the house for the first time in 100 years? A newspaper on the table with the news of the sinking of the Titanic, dating back to 1912, canned food that's been there for at least a century and personal belongings abandoned by the owner at the beginning of the 20th century. There are many more things that may shock you. Crossing the threshold of such a place, it is as if you move back in time 100 years. It seems that we are in the streets of 1912, where there is no internet, television, and everything that we are all used to. A few years ago, a woman named Rebecca Brownlee, who was engaged in history and archives, visited the real time capsule located in a farmhouse of Cookstown, Northern Ireland. The house located there has been standing unchanged since 1912 and when Rebecca first opened the doors to this box of antiquities, she was shocked by what she saw. Looking at everything around, it seemed that the owner of the house went out for just a few minutes and will soon be back. The Lonely Cottage was built back in 1858 and belonged to several generations of the same family. A man named Desi was the youngest of three brothers who belonged to the last generation of owners of this farm, but in 2015 he moved to a nursing home and before that he had not entered his father's home since the early 1930s, from the time when he was still a seven-year-old boy. Everything in this house remains exactly the same as it was 100 years ago, preserved from the last visit to this house by Desi's father. Desi wanted to keep the memory of his beloved father alive and what reminded of him. That is why he decided never to open the door to this house again. It was only when Desi realized that his time was running out, he allowed visiting the house. But since Rebecca was able to come and see the house only a few years later, at the invitation of Desi himself which was handed over by the neighbors, she was unable to talk to the owner. Desi was ill and he died in 2017. Since he had no relatives, the house was bequithed to his neighbor. During her visit, Rebecca was surprised and delighted to discover that the small ordinary looking cottage contains hundreds of exhibits that would glorify any historical museum in the world. Opening the door and going inside, she found a huge number of old books, some of which date back to the early 19th century. There were also family photos, magazines, newspapers, and clippings from even older newspapers, love letters, money, and clothing of Victorian and Edwardian times. Of course, there were household items of that time in the house. A clock was on the stone shelf and showed at 12.15pm, a few glasses remained ready for use, dozens of cans on the shelves were still sealed, and old books were lying all over the living room. Of course, all this wealth has long been covered with dust, but it made all these things even more interesting. Houses of love letters were lying in the drawers of the chest of drawers, and three old rusty copper kettles were standing on a stove next to a cup, which seemed to have been left there shortly before Father Desi's death in 1912. When Rebecca went further inside, she found in one of the room's personal belongings, uniforms and identification of police officer Edwin Robin McQueen, father of Desi. This document was issued to an officer back in 1894, which, by the way, was 126 years ago. Something that was around Rebecca told the story of this family. On the walls there were pictures of the wife of the house owner and mother to Desi, where she was a young girl, a large number of different bottles and vials, an old trunk for storing things and a wooden bed of the middle of the 19th century. All of this remained untouched for almost a hundred years. There were old coins and photos, one of which depicts a little Desi. There was an old chest of drawers and a kerosene lamp in the corner, and the father's pipe lying on the table looked as if officer Edwin Robert McQueen had left it there recently. After Rebecca visited this cottage, she called it an uncut diamond, because it contained a lot of valuable objects, but at the same time was swamped with garbage, and some things had long been spoiled by dampness. These photos were taken in December 2017, a few months before the house was finally demolished in 2018. All antique items were given to the neighbor, who after the death of the owner looked after the house. Some items were later transferred to the local history museum, and some of them remained to preserve the history of this family. How many more such amazing photos on our planet can only guess? Guys, what would you do with such an inheritance if you were this neighbor? Be sure to write your opinion in the comments, and that's all for now. Please like the video if you liked it, and see you soon.


Everybody forced here ripping three boxes of 2022 Bowman Chrome for Jeffrey H He's got two hobby and one choice. Good luck Jeffrey. Here we go, man. Let's find that super fracter red, maybe Gonna get Sam in here tonight We're gonna get salmon chat tonight Good and Victor nor hey Vera Khalil Watson that's excited for draft on Wednesday. It's a Malaysia green or some Jackson holiday Jay Allen got a Yellow orange vapor first bowman Samuel Zavala That's very nice number 34 of 75 Good start for you Jeffrey and gold mini diamond auto JT Schwartz eight out of 50 Gold mini diamond Good box so far. Let's see a big second auto gold and Victor Denzer Guzman number 42 out of 50 like if you're looking for like a sports argument or like Just like an entertainment like that dude Sam's the best He'll just go and go purple shimmer yeti cappy Numbered 194 of 250 changes colors He gets hyped he brings it every time dude Atomic coming up insert Austin Wells fall league insert Numbered 77 of 150 and refractor auto read tremble 390 of 499 Or had the nice parallel now on some nice colors on the autos. Let's see big names this time around I Mean I don't think we have any prison. Don't you mean stock but refractor Joey vato 379 of 499 With some damage on it. I'll send a box Jeffrey. I think pretty grinder stuff does so well she's an all-timer for a women's basketball Jason Dominguez from their dish up refractor Harry Ford Numbered 53 out of 499 Purple first woman auto Andy Thomas 85 out of 250 Sam brings that big energy man. I can't I can't match that I have to stay like level as much as I can Can't match that energy shimmer Allie de la Cruz Yes, you get Christmas bonus this year. Nope, not this year.  What's in here? Nothing? I don't know. I don't know what I'll open them and see I'll let you know get back to you People giving us free cards got a gold Benny Montgomery number 10 out of 50 Someone sent me free cards And the first woman base auto Willie Fannas All right, that was a nice gold Benny need that big auto this time. We need a big auto third and final box It's gotta be a good one choice Oh, that's right. This is season where there's random college bowl games on to bring the day Monday afternoon college football you guys Refractor first woman auto Yendri Rojas 289 of 499 Little Monday afternoon college football again at that time of year. You never know what day it is First woman auto Samuel Munoz. That's a nice card. I think we saved the best for last Jeffrey True gold Samuel Zavala to a 50 first bowman auto Kaboom What a hit What a hit huge hit. Okay, that's on the sleeve. There's like a little That is on the sleeve that little like crease or whatever. That's the sleeve. We're just gonna get in your sleeve I want it to look good What a card Gorgeous, man. Love the color match of the Padres as well Jeffrey congrats. We'll get those out to you