Hi everybody, thanks for coming. I know for some of you it's quite early yet. My name is Marcin, I work for Prime Video and this talk will be about the profiler that we did to fix performance issues in Prime Video app that's running on living room devices. And I'm not gonna talk a lot about the internals of the profiler, I'd rather focus on how to use it, how you can use it and adapt to your project. But if you wanna know more about internals, I'll be here around till the end of the day so you can just speak to me anytime you want. So I'll start with explaining why we actually started a new profiler because as you might know, there's quite a lot of them on the market already as LTTNG, Ftrace, UFtrace, Strace, Perf and a lot of others. The thing is that the development environment that we had to work in was quite different than what you might get used to. So we've been doing applications that's running on living room devices such as game consoles, smart TVs, streaming sticks and some of the platforms are very friendly for developers like game consoles are amazing. They provide lots of tools, debugging utilities and so on but smart TVs are not that friendly for developers. So very often that all we have is compiler and we can't really deploy any tool to that device. It's very close. So all we can do is basically deploy the single app that's our Prime Video app and that's it. So we can, for example, deploy Strace or LTTNG. We can't deploy some kernel modules and so on. So it's very, very limited environment. And also our application, the Prime Video application is built using three different languages. So we have a native layer which is a C++ and then that native layer exposes two scripted engines. One for Lua and one for JavaScript and we run them at the same time. So there's basically three different languages and because those platforms, some of those platforms are very low and in terms of the CPU and memory, we had quite a few performance issues especially on the cheaper platforms and we wanted to debug it but as I said, there was not much tools for debugging. There were some tools but they didn't really meet our requirements. So we said, okay, maybe we can just quickly prototype something and we see if that works. Yes, you see this presentation is about the profiler so it actually worked. So we come up with the list of features that we want to have from our profiler. This is just a short list but there's quite a few more features. I just listed the more important. So it's user space and instrumentation base. We basically don't have access to kernel by any means so user space for us was the only option. Instrumentation base, we can't really deploy a second demon that I don't know for example, checks, traces every second or so. So everything had to be built into the application since our application is written in C and JavaScript and Lua, we decided that we gonna write it in C++ but it should be available for those languages as well in somehow by providing a bindings layer and so on. Also, because we port to different platforms, those platforms are very different to each other. Some of them have different operating systems, different CPUs, even different and DNS. So it should be easy to port this profiler to all the platforms that we support by Prime Video. Below overhead, I think this is something that all the profilers are trying to achieve. We wanted to measure timings because that's what usually people think of when they do profiling, how long does it take to execute a function? But apart from that, we also wanted to measure other metrics like memory usage, CPU usage, how many HTTP calls we've done and so on. And the other thing that we wanted to achieve, we had a group of people who were very into performance and were responsible for fixing performance issues but we wanted also other developers to use profiling tools on a daily basis. So while they're writing the code, they can focus on performance as well so we don't have to do the job afterwards. So we wanted to provide consistent user experience across different platforms. So no matter what application, what device you're developing on, whether this is a streaming stick, web, game console, smart TV, you always have the same tool so it's easier, they just need to learn one tool and they can use it for all the different projects. So those are the features and we come up with a very simple, high level design. We have a profile device that's running the application. We have a Huxracer library attached to that application. That generates a binary stream of events. We call it htdumpstream and then we have a client which is on the developer desktop that's converting this byte stream to some human readable form like, for example, Chrome trace format, flame graphs, or you can, as I show you later in the demo, you can build your own client very easily to do some other visualizations that our client doesn't provide. This is a bit more detailed diagram so there's an app. This app has the Huxracer library linked and the Huxracer has a timeline. A timeline is essentially a buffer and application pushes events to this buffer. This buffer, these events are serialized and then once the buffer is full, we push it to a listener and the listener is basically a function callback so that then the listener decides what to do and we, Huxracer by default provides two listeners. It's either it stores the stream to a file or it can send it over TCP IP but you can extend it, I don't know if you wanna send the stream over a serial port, for example, you can do that. And then the stream goes to the developer desktop and again, we provide the library as written in C++ and has Python binding that deserializes the stream of events and provides you nice data structures in your language so then you can build your client and we already provide the Huxracer converter client that converts this binary stream into some common trace formats. We also have the library that's written in Rust. It's not really experimental because I know people already use it and I'm gonna use it today during the demo so if that's gonna work then it won't be experimental anymore. Hopefully it will work. So I mentioned here, you see that there is a timeline and the timeline is conceptually is a buffer but it actually is a little bit more and you need to provide some configuration for that timeline and so to simplify this process of creating the timeline we Huxracer provides a global timeline which is quite efficient. It's kind of multiple timelines actually. It's timeline per threat so if you push events to the timeline we don't require any locks because you have an instance per threat so there's no problem with data races and so on and you can easily access it by just calling htglobaltimeline get function. I recommend just using that to be honest I don't think in my real projects I ever use different approach so it's probably good enough. So I mentioned that the basic data unit in Huxracer is an event so we have quite a few events defined in Huxracer event types but you can define your own. It's basically a C structure you define it using a C macro and you provide the event class name which could be my event for example it supports inheritance so all the events must eventually inherit from ht event which is a very base class and then you provide a set of fields that you want to have in this event and you define it by three properties as a type is either integer string, struct, flow, double or pointer I think then you provide the actual C type of that and the name and that converts to the C structure and additionally it generates automatically a few helper methods like for example a method for serializing the event so when you have this event and you wanna push it to the byte stream this macro already will generate a function that does it for you and then when you already have the event if you wanna push the instance of this event type to the timeline you just call ht timeline push event macro you pass the timeline as a first parameter the second parameter is the name of your event type and then all the values, all the fields and that's pretty much it so I said that before that we provide the client that parses the binary stream but then I said that you can write your own event type so you might be wondering how the client knows how to deserialize this new event types and for that purpose we have the we divided the event stream into two sub streams there's a metadata stream that describes all the types and there's the actual event stream with all the values and since everything in Hock Tracer is an event even the definition of the event is event as well so we have special events that describe your type and the first event is just describing the name and the number of fields that you have and then you have each new event for each field of this class so in that case we'll expect one event for class info event and three events for class field info event and in class field info event we provide information like the field type, a field name the size of that field and the data type whether it's a string integer, a struct and so on and this both streams are serialized as a byte stream so you can see that basically it's just like 30 or 40 40 bytes for those events and then eventually you have the actual event and this event has a type so it's number nine as you can see the class ID is nine here and the info class ID nine again so all of them are kind of connected to each other by this identifier and it's important that you first need to send the definition of the event type before you actually send the first event of this type because otherwise the parser doesn't know how to parse this event and yeah but the Hock Tracer does everything for you so it's just Can I ask a question? Yeah go ahead If the parser loses sync with the byte stream is there a way for it to re-insync later? So no at the moment it's not possible I'm working on improvement that it will be actually possible but at the moment if you lose the metadata stream yeah it's a problem so yeah but I'm aware of this problem and we'll be working on that, okay? So I mentioned that we also want to measure time and that was actually quite important requirement for us so to make it even easier we have predefined event types that are already for measuring time and they take a label and they take the duration and the time stamp and we have a macros that automatically generate those events and push them to the timeline and so for C++ depending on what you wanna do if you just trace the whole function you just put this macro httrace function at the beginning and if you just wanna trace the random scope there is httrace there is a few more macros that are more optimized for that for example they have some hash maps so you don't have to send the string every time for every event it's even more optimized version that uses some tricks with static thread local objects so even hash maps is not necessary for some of them it's documented so I don't want to spend much time on that and we did bindings for a few languages for now the public one is Python and Rust we have one for JavaScript as well it's not ready yet to be published but we'll do that in the future and for Lua as well so this is how you do that in Python you import the trace decorator and you just put it for the function that you wanna trace and the same for Rust there are some macros I'm not an author of the Rust bindings so probably if you wanna know more about this Alexandru he's in FOSDM not sure if he's today in this room but yeah he's an author of that and basically that's how you do that there are some kind of Rust macros that you can trace the scope okay so that was it and I just wanna show you some demos so you can see how you can use it the first one is we have a C++ application that allocates a memory and then we wanna see on the graph how the memory grows we also wanna know how many allocations we've done in this program so we'll write a simple Python client that receives the Hoke Tracer event stream and does the visualization and I start with the program itself so at the very beginning we need to initialize the Hoke Tracer library and then so this is the event that we even type that we define as I said there's a name the base type and we have two fields memory usage and allocation count they both are integers size t type and the event before you wanna use it you need to register it this method is auto generated by the macro that I showed before by this macro HD declare event type you just need to call it before you use it it registers some information Hoke Tracer system and then you create a listener to the timeline I said the global timeline is the best option so we're using global timeline here there are some parameters like port this is the buffer size we set it to zero so we'll get we don't actually buffer anything we stream it directly to the client and we say that we wanna use it we wanna use TCP client so we can stream it directly to the client and we can get the real data Hoke Tracer already provides the functions to get the memory usage it also provides some functions to trace the allocation so you just need to provide a callback this is for malloc pre malloc there's post malloc pre realloc post realloc and so on and so on we are only interested in pre malloc hooks so we register that and this is basically our function we get the memory usage we get the allocation count which is read in the other callback so here this is our malloc callback so we increase the allocation count every time somebody calls malloc so we get that all in the context object and that's basically what we do we push the event so this is our type those are our values and this is the memory usage virtual memory usage and this is the allocation count and this is the client it's written in Python all we need to do we need to start the client the Hoke Tracer client we say okay listen to <IP_ADDRESS> port on this IP address this is the animate method that's basically the anime that's drawing the graph but the most interesting bit is this one so this is basically how we read events from Hoke Tracer this is our client so we waiting for end of stream if it's not then we pull the event if there is an event in the queue we check the first this is a tuple and the first element of the tuple is the event name so we check if this is the event that we want and if so we get the timestamp we get the allocation count and we get the memory usage and then we put the memory usage on the graph and we print the allocation count so it's very very simple let's run it so we run the client and now we run the program that we wanna trace so you can see that the memory usage is growing and you can also see the allocation count is going up and so you might be wondering why the memory usage is growing if we go back to our application we see that we have a loop and we do malloc so and it's called 100,000 times so we can see how many mallocs we actually got it's more than 100,000 it's probably some other allocations going on yeah and this is the graph so that's how you can get the real data from the Hoke Tracer by defining your own event it doesn't have to be memory usage you for example can trace the number of HTTP calls for example and so on yeah so that was the first demo and the second one is going to be more complex a little I wanna show you how you can trace multiple languages at the same time because that was actually our real use case we had application written in C++ and then we run Lua and JavaScript on top of that so I do a slightly different example I have a main application written in Rust this application downloads the image using a downloader library that's written in C it uses curl and then I rotate this image using some image I think it's OpenCV maybe not OpenCV I actually changed it but yeah it rotates the image in Python so I run Python interpreter in Rust and then at the same time while I'm rotating the image I also upload the image that I downloaded in the first step to the S3 backend and I wanna know how much time I spend in each particular operation so I again start with the code so this is our Rust client even though you might not be familiar with Rust I think it's pretty simple so we start with download file this is download file RS it's basically just the wrapper for the download file function from the library that's written in C then once we have the file downloaded we spawn two threads one is doing the rotation in Python it starts the Python interpreter and does the rotation and the other one at the same time uploads the file to S3 you might see that all of the functions here are decorated with those macros and we also have some other trace points in here we can look at the downloader file it's pretty simple one it's just the curl wrapped around we trace the function here at the beginning and we also see how long does it take to call curl easy perform so we trace the whole scope here and just last bit is the Python one we import the decorator and we decorate all the functions so we basically rotate the image and save the image we load the image we rotate the image and then we save the image to the file so not really a rocket science here it's important that if you wanna run it with Python this environment of variable needs to be set otherwise the Python bypasses all the trace decorators it doesn't have much impact on the performance if you disable that so you can even have it in the production code okay so let's run this so this is our program it downloaded the file successfully it's doing the rotation and it's doing the upload so you can see that it actually did rotate some image let's start reading from zero yeah so it's a hook and it's basically all the angles are here if we delete that one we have also rotate htdump which is the binary file with all the events, all the traces oh this is not gonna work because I forgot this environment variable here so we wouldn't have the Python traces so I run it again I'm gonna delete the images so we have the htdump file which is the binary stream and we can now use hook tracer converter this is the one that's experimental so hope it's working and we generate the Chrome trace format so we say it would be output.json okay it converted so now you can use the tool that's deployed with Chromium and you see that first you see that we have three threads here one, two, three that's exactly what we had because we had the main thread and then we spawned two extra threads for rotate and for upload this is the first bit that's in C++ or C we download the file there's HTTP request and then just after that we start rotating Python and those trace points here those are from Python save image rotate main those trace points are from Python and this one upload to S3 is in Rust so as you can see you can trace you can have everything in one trace file and you can easily analyze what's going on in the program you can also convert it to flame graphs so if you want the flame graph view you can just do that this is a very simple program so the flame graph also is very simple but yeah so that's it we have some plan for improving this there are some of the items but not all of them as you mentioned we wanna add some extra protection layer in case we lose some events on the way and yeah that's it thank you there was a bunch of links feel free to contact me there is a documentation on the website there are tutorials they say how to integrate it with your project basically Hocktracer can be combined into one single C++ and header file so it's easy to link it to your project if you want there are other links for bindings and for converter so thank you and I think we'll have one minute for questions but if that's not enough then I'll be around okay yeah which methods like you showed TCP now right mm-hmm so in addition to TCP what do you currently natively do? so this is the TCP that we use in the first demo and the file which was used in the second demo yeah so those are natively supported at the moment something like serial sorry so if you want something like serial yeah you need to write the neural so sorry the question was what listener types we support and my answer is currently we support file and TCP listeners yeah thank you


Okay, welcome back everyone to our second lecture on the course BC 106 interpreting scripture. We're just working through some difficult topics, some questions that come up frequently and trying to respond to them. So when we look at these gospel accounts, there are some variations in the story but these can be explained. It doesn't mean that these variations indicate contradictions. Just said, okay, it's part of understanding how things happen in those days and how we also do things these days and we can explain these differences. One more difference or one more gospel story, I should say similar stories is Jesus being anointed by a woman. So you have Matthew, Mark and John record incidents when Jesus was anointed by a woman. Sometimes you're confusing. We think it is by default, we think it is the same story but when you look very closely at these three recorded incidents, you'll find that they're actually different. So can you quickly point out the differences and I think I've already stated some of it here, between John 12, Mark 14 and Matthew 26. So when you look at these three very carefully, in John 12, it's very clear.  So we know where he was, who anointed him and we also see it was six days before the Passover. Then two days before the Passover, he was in somebody else's house. He was in the house of a man called Simon who had been healed. He was Simon the leper, he had been healed and he was in Bethany. So it is the same city as Mary, Martha and Lazarus. They also lived in Bethany. So same city, but different house, somebody else's house. And this time, we don't know who it was. The name of the woman is not known. So that is not same as Mary. Some other woman came anointed Jesus. The third one in Matthew 26. In this supper, we don't know who it was and it is not stated exactly where and you know. So we put that down as a separate incident. It's an unknown. This was in Matthew 26. So you find these three incidents, John 12, Mark 14, Matthew 26. John 12 and Mark 14 are just a few days before the Passover. Matthew 26 seems to be well in advance of the Passover. The gap is much more. So these incidents don't have to be all the same. We know very clearly John 12 and Mark 14 are two different incidents because different people's home, the names are given in John 12. So we know these are two different. Matthew 26, we don't know. It could be one of these that Matthew is recording or we don't know exactly who he is referring to. So we could come there as a third anointing. Matthew 26. Yeah, this is Matthew 26. He was in the house of, he was in Bethany at the house of Simon the leper. So Matthew 26 is Simon the leper. Again. So Matthew 26 and Mark 14. Correct myself. Matthew 26 and Mark 14 record the same incident, which is Jesus in Bethany, the house of Simon the leper. Correct? Did I mix it up? Mark 14. Let me just hope I didn't mix up what I wrote. Mark 14, one. Okay, fine. Okay. So Matthew 26 and Mark 14 are the same. House of Simon the leper, unknown woman. And John 12 is Mary and Mark 14. Sorry. Maybe there's something in Luke. Okay. So this is where I made my mistake. There's another recorded incidents in Luke chapter seven. Luke seven 36 to 42. Luke seven 36 to 42. So I got to correct my notes here. Sorry about this. So there's another incident in Luke chapter seven 36 to 42, where there's a woman who anoints Jesus with an alabaster, a flask of fragrant oil and she wipes the feet of Jesus. So this is the incident that is separate. That means we don't know who this is. Luke seven 36 to 42. Yeah. So three separate anointing. So John 12, one to nine is Mary. Mark 14 and Matthew 26 is an unknown woman in the house of Simon the leper. And then Luke seven 36 to 41 is again an unknown woman and she's in the house of one of the Pharisees. We don't know who it is. And it is in Luke seven. That means early on in the ministry. Matthew 26, Mark 14 is closer to his crucifixion. Okay. So clarify it. Okay. I'm sorry about my mistake in the notes. I should have written Luke seven. I guess I was thinking about Luke seven and I wrote, put it down, put Matthew 26 separately. Now, another question that people could ask is why do the gospels record different statements on what was written on the cross? Right. So Matthew 27, Matthew records it as this is Jesus, the king of the Jews. Mark says, the king of the Jews. Luke says, this is the king of the Jews. John nine, John says, Jesus of Nazareth, the king of the Jews. So why couldn't they all say the same thing? Like either it said, the king of the Jews, or it said, Jesus, the king of the Jews. Why is there this variation? Because they could be only one inscription on the cross. Why is it that? Sorry. Why is it? Okay. Did I start sharing my screen? Yeah, I am sharing the screen. So why is it that there are these three variations given? Right. So what we do know is that the inscription was written in three languages, Greek, Latin, and Hebrew. Right. So it's one inscription, but it was put up in three languages on the cross of Jesus. So this is what Luke tells us in Luke 23 38. So depending on which, how you interpret it, to each language could communicate the same thing in a little different way. So if I'm speaking in English and somebody translates my statements into Hindi, and somebody else translates my statement into, you know, Tamil, something like that, another language, it's not that Hindi and Tamil would match exactly. There could be slight variations at how it's being understood. And so each Gospel writer is communicating the essence of what is being said, but also recognizing that there could have been variations in how it was translated into different languages. So Jesus of Nazareth. So basically we would say the inscription would have been Jesus of Nazareth, King of the Jews, because when you say Jesus of Nazareth, it uniquely identifies that person. It could have been some Jesus from some other place, but Jesus of Nazareth, this is Jesus who came from this place, and he claimed to be King of the Jews. This is his punishment. Now this is why he's getting his punishment, because he claimed to be King of the Jews. So the variation in the Gospels is because of the fact that it was one inscription given by Pilate, but in three languages. And so there's a slight variation in how it was communicated. And so we would say the actual statement is Jesus of Nazareth, the King of the Jews. So another related question to the cross is, did Jesus drink the Sar wine when on the cross? Okay. So Matthew records, they gave him Sar wine mingled with alcohol to drink, but when he tasted it, he would not drink it. John says, when he received the Sar wine, he said it is finished, and bobbing his head, he gave up the ghost. So if you look at the Gospel events, it seems, it's clear that there were two times Jesus was offered up something on while he was on the cross, two times. The first time it was, Jesus was offered wine mixed with ma, he refused to take it, he bore the pain, and later on he wanted water to quench his thirst when he said, I thirst. And at this time he was offered Sar wine, and he received that Sar wine, you know, and then he gave his final self. So in the beginning, he didn't ask for anything. He was given Sar wine that was mixed with ma, which was meant to reduce the pain. He refused that. And then towards the end, he said, I thirst. At that time, he was given Sar wine or vinegar, which John says, he received the Sar wine, and then he shouted, it is finished. Okay. So it is not contradicting two different times, one at the beginning, one at the end, one with ma, one without ma. One meant to reduce his pain, he refused. One, he wanted to wet his mouth so he can make the final declaration, he received that, and he said, it is finished. Okay. Any confusion? Okay. So this is a difficult one. John 19, this is quite a tough one because when Jesus was brought before Pilate in John 19, 8 to 12, Pilate is questioning him and he says in verse 10, don't you know I have the power to crucify you, I have the power to release you. And Jesus said, you could have no power at all against me unless it had been given to you from above. Therefore the one who delivered me to you has the greatest sin. What did Jesus mean? Is he saying God the Father is the biggest sinner? So how do we explain verse 11? So Pilate is telling Jesus, Jesus, see you speak to me properly because I have power. I can crucify you or I can release you. Then Jesus tells Pilate, Pilate would not be in this place unless God had let you be there, unless it had been given to you from above. That means God has allowed you to be in this place at this moment. That's very clear. But what did he mean when he said, so therefore the one who delivered me to you has the greater sin? Because it seems like he's pointing to God and saying he is the one who has sinned because he put you in this place. How do we understand that verse 11 correctly? So when you read these two sentences together, it seems like I'm saying it seems like he says, he says, Pilate, you are in this place because God has let you there. Okay. But when Jesus says, the one who delivered me to you has the greatest sin. How do we understand? Well, simple. First part of the sentence, Jesus is recognizing that it is God who raises up kings of people and authority as God who puts down one. Okay. So this is from Daniel, even Daniel chapter four. He says it is the most high God who he raises up kings. He puts down kings.  But he's not blaming God and he's not blaming Pilates. What he's saying is, I recognize you're there because God has given you that position. But the greatest sin lies with those or him who delivered me to you.  So the one who delivered me to you, he has the greatest. It's not, you're not responsible. You happen to be here at this moment in time. God has allowed it. It's not your sin. The one who delivered me to you has the greater. So we have to understand Judas specifically, but the Jews collectively, because the priests and all of them planned it together. They are the ones who are behind this. They have the greater sin. So when we read this, it seems like as though he's blaming the father. No, no, no, no. You don't understand it correctly. He's pointing back to Judas and saying he's the one who's responsible. You all with me so far? Okay. Let me just check online. Okay. Yeah, Nina is referring to the Jewish leaders. Yeah. Okay. Any questions from online class? I hope you are following me. Let's move forward. Just covering different things. So this was a question that's often asked. Which is, what did Jesus mean in John 20, 23, when he told his disciples, if you forgive the sins of, now Jesus is speaking to disciples. He's telling them, if you forgive the sins of any, they are forgiven. If you retain the sins of any, they are retained. How can man have the authority to forgive sins and not forgive sins? So what did Jesus mean by this? Can anyone of us go to somebody, I forgive you your sins? Can we do that? So what did Jesus mean in John 20, 23, when he told his disciples, if you forgive somebody, they are forgiven. If you don't forgive, they won't be forgiven. How to correctly interpret this? So first we know that only God can forgive sins, very clear, that we don't have the authority. And I can't tell somebody your sins are not forgiven or your sins are not. That's not our only God has the authority. So then we have to think in what way are we involved in bringing forgiveness to people and or in holding back forgiveness from people? In what way? So Jesus speaking to the disciples, he's telling them, if you forgive sins are forgiven, if you retain sins are retained. In what way would the disciples be involved? And today, in what way you and I would be involved? Well, the only one answer is this. The only way we are involved is when we bring the gospel to somebody, or if we don't bring the gospel to somebody. When we bring the gospel to somebody, we are actually bringing gods, giving them an opportunity to receive forgiveness. So in that sense, we are enabling them to receive forgiveness. So we're bringing forgiveness to them. But when we don't bring the gospel, we're actually withholding forgiveness from them in that sense, because they cannot be forgiven. Are you understanding? Yes. So if somebody does offense me, I forgive them. So that releases my heart towards them. But they are still answerable to God for the offense they create. They have done against me. So example, if somebody speaks bad and spreads false rumors, I can say, I'm not worried. I forgive you. But God still holds them responsible for their wrong acts, what they did. So that forgiveness from God, they have to receive. Now that forgiveness, and that's just for that, I'm just giving my example, but for generally for all sin, they can only receive it through Jesus Christ by hearing of what Christ did for them on the cross. I may forgive and say, I forget it. I don't care. But that forgiveness comes only as they receive it through the person of Jesus Christ. So how can we facilitate that when we bring the gospel to them? So John 20 and 23 must be understood that first and foremost, by bringing the gospel to people, we are bringing forgiveness to them, or we withhold the gospel, we withhold forgiveness to them. Now there are extensions to this, which means that, like what Anand was saying, that I can extend forgiveness to people, or the church can extend forgiveness to people. That is between us and our relationship, I can forgive. But ultimately forgiveness from God comes through the gospel of Jesus. So we interpret John 20, 23 as bringing forgiveness through the gospel. Let's do a few more. So this is also a challenging one. In Matthew 1240, Jesus said, as Jonah was three days and three nights in the belly of the great fish, so will the Son of Man be three days and three nights in the heart of the... Jesus said, how many? Three days and three nights. Now when we typically celebrate Good Friday and Easter, Friday, Saturday, Sunday, we don't have three days and three nights. Friday, Saturday, something is missing. One day is missing because Jesus said very clearly, three days and three, something is wrong. How do we explain it? And of course, if we tell some people, they may ask this question. There are two possible explanations. There are two ways this could have happened. One is which is most likely the high Sabbath. This is most likely actually what happens. So in John, John records John 1931. He records and he mentions it was the high Sabbath. So the high Sabbath is different from the weekly Sabbath. Weekly Sabbath is Saturday. So the high Sabbath was a day before it was on the 14th day, I think. So this was a day of preparation. So if you break it down like this by our calendar, now in Jewish time, a new day begins at 6 p.m. 6 p.m. and goes on till 6 p.m. the next day. So it starts with the evening and then the morning. Okay, that's a Jewish day. 6 p.m. to 6 p.m. So what we say as Thursday would have started at 6 p.m. on Wednesday. So their Thursday or what we call as Thursday. For us, our Thursday starts at 12 midnight. But for them, the Thursday would have started at 6 p.m. the previous day. So evening, morning and it ends at 6 p.m. this day and Friday starts at 6 p.m. goes in. So the Jewish Thursday begins on Wednesday at 6 p.m. This was the 14th day of Nisan which was a preparation. Jesus had the last supper and he was arrested that night. And he was crucified most on Thursday at 9 o'clock in the morning and he was on the cross 9 o'clock till 3 p.m. and he was buried by 6 p.m. before 6 p.m. that day. So that's the first day, first night, second day, second night, third day and this is the third night that brings us to Sunday morning. So most likely, this is what took place. So when we think him being crucified, we do it Friday, Saturday, Sunday, but most likely he must have been crucified before 6 p.m. on what we know as Thursday before 6 p.m. So it's actually part of the previous day. For us, while Thursday is going on, Thursday is over. He died on that day, Thursday. The second possible explanation is if you extend the same idea, saying if you count this as Thursday as the first day, I say that, yeah. The first day, first day night and then Thursday night, Friday morning, second night and day and third night and day.  So even if Jesus was crucified on Friday, we look at this as the first night and day, Thursday night and Friday morning, Friday night, Saturday morning, Saturday night, Sunday morning. So you've got three days and you've got three nights. If you, if he was crucified Friday morning, it is actually still part of the previous day. The previous day is still continuing. So night and then into the day. So you look at it as three days and three nights. But most likely, going by John's account, this is what happened. This first case is what actually would have happened. That is, he would have been crucified on a Thursday in the morning, on our Thursday in the morning. This is what would have happened. But you can look at it from both ways and you can account for three days, three nights. All right. I think, so now we're changing subjects now. We're going to spend a little time on gifts and can women teach, women in ministry and all of that. First Corinthians chapter 13, when Paul is writing about the gifts of the Spirit, he says, when that which is perfect has come, then, you know, these things will be done away with first Corinthians 13. So many people use first Corinthians 13 as a reason for saying the gifts of the Spirit are not for today. Right. So first Corinthians 13 verse 10, when that which is perfect has come, that which is in part will be done away. So it says the gifts of the Spirit are things in part. We know when part we prophesy in part, all of that. And they use verse 10 to say, when what is perfect is come, then what is in part will be done away. So what is perfect? They say, okay, the Bible, we have the Bible. So because we have the Bible, we don't need the gifts of the Spirit. I'm just saying what some people would say. But then how do we understand first Corinthians 13 verse 10 correctly? First Corinthians 13 verse 10 must be understood in the context of what he goes on to say. He says in verse 12, now we see in the middle, dimly, but then face to face. Now I know in part, but then I shall know just as I am. I also am. No. No. So first Corinthians 13 10 must be understood in relation with first Corinthians 13 12. In verse 12 he says, when I see him face to face, he's not talking about when the Bible is fully compliance. But then he's talking about is when I see Jesus face to face. So until then, what is in part will continue. That means the gifts will continue. But when we see him face to face, then what is in part, which is the gifts will be done away with.  Okay. So right here in first Corinthians 13 between verses 10 and 12, we can explain that when Paul says, when that which is perfect is come, he's not referring to the Bible. He's referring to seeing Jesus face to face. Okay. So example, and I'm not, I'm not, you know, I'm not trying to put these people down, but typically certain evangelicals like Baptists and others, they will use first Corinthians 13 10 and they will say, Oh, see, we have the full Bible. The perfect has come. So we don't need the gifts of the Holy Spirit. Don't pray in tongues. Don't prophesy. Don't know gifts of healing. We don't need any of that. Why? Because the full Bible. But then you say, Okay, let's read on little verse 12 in verse 12. What is he saying? When we see him face to face, then what is in part can be done away with. That means when he says that which is perfect, he's talking about seeing Jesus face to face, not the scriptures. Okay. Okay, I'll do one more and I'll stop. I think you're getting tired. Last one. I'll do this quickly. Can women be in fivefold? Can a woman be an apostle, prophet, pastor, teacher, evangelist? Because in Ephesians four, it says he gave gifts to men. This is in verse eight. When he ascended up on high, he led captivity, captive and gave gifts to men. And then it mentions the gifts. Verse 11, apostle, prophet, pastor, teacher, evangelist, he mentions. So big question. Can a woman be apostle? Can a woman be pastor? Can a woman be prophet, evangelist, teacher? So what we must point out is in verse eight, when he says he gave gifts to men, that word men in the Greek is Anthropos, which means people, not men as in male, but men as in humans. When we say mankind, we don't only mean male. When we say mankind, we mean everybody, men and women. So that this word Anthropos is that's what it means. It means people, everybody, male and female. It's the same word that's used in Matthew chapter four was for man shall not live by bread alone. So in Matthew four, four, when it says man shall live by bread on doesn't mean only male. It means generally men and women, all of us need the word of God. Same word Anthropos. So based on that, that word itself, we can say that these five-fold ministry gifts are for male and female, not just for male. Can a woman be an apostle? Yeah. Can a woman be a prophet? Yeah. Can a woman be a pastor? Yeah. Can a woman be a teacher? Yeah. Can a woman be evangelist? Yeah. Whoever the Lord Jesus points, they can because that word men in Ephesians four eight is male or male. Got it? I'll pause here. We'll pick up, pick this up next week. Okay. I know we're all already very tired. Go back and read these things. If you have any questions, you can ask me next week. Okay. I know I've just quickly gone through many of these things. I didn't turn, we didn't turn to the scriptures and all that. I'm just giving you summary. But if you have time, go and think about these things. If it is not clear, you ask me. I can repeat. No problem. Okay. We have a few more things to do. So I'm just going fast. Hopefully next week we will finish it. Then on 11th, we'll do a full review. Okay. So you try to review this. And if you have any specific questions, feel free to ask. Let me see online. Any questions? Okay. Nina. When they share the gospel, the ones who accept the message that sins are forgiven. Yes. If they don't receive their sins are not forgiven. That's correct.  That is, we proclaim the gospel, we share it with them. And then they have the opportunity to receive. So that's what he was saying. Yeah. Any questions from online class? Alright, so we will pick this up next week. I'll just try to cover as much as I can. Next week. If there are any other questions, you put it forward. Okay. So all these questions were what questions students had asked in the past. I just kept collecting them, put it together. So if you have any questions you ask, we can add. Yes. It's coming. It's coming. That is just coming. Right. So it's again, it is a question students often ask. So I put it down somewhere here. Head covering water baptism. That is just coming. Alcohol, clothing, that is coming. So next, I think next week we'll reach there. Okay. So these are very common questions students ask. But if you have anything more, just ask. We can try to cover that. Alright, so let's close in prayer. We'll close early. Father, we thank you for this time. And we pray that as we continue looking at these difficult topics, things will become clear for all of us. And we'll be able to give right answers to people and help people draw closer to you. Thank you Father and Jesus. Amen. Okay. Thank you. You can take a break and prepare for your next class. Thank you.


Grape nuts flakes program coming to you from Fort Meade, Maryland and starring Jack Benny with Barry Livingston Dennis Day Rochester yours truly Don Wilson and one of the country's newest dance bands the McFall and Twins and their orchestra friend Don Shakespeare Wilson presents the cereal cereal in three acts each act will star America's beloved cereal treat sweet as a nut Grape nuts flakes the cereal folks fall in love with at the very first bite act one the scene is breakfast Mom pop little Willie are seated at the breakfast table and notice please in the spotlight a big 12 ounce economy-sized Package of delicious malty rich grape nuts flakes act 2 the next day and it's lunchtime Pops just come home from the war plant and moms just come home from Red Cross But Willie beats them both home and his teacher told him that whole-brain cereals make us well lunch and dish nowadays And here he comes bearing those grand tasting nourishing Grape nuts flakes act 3 one more day supper time for our dear little Willie and moms there with those crisp tempting toasty brown Grape nuts flakes. They're just as delicious. They're just as nutritious at breakfast at lunch or at supper From the state of Maryland the home of thoroughbred race horses. We bring you that all great. Thank you. Thank you. Hello again This is Jack Benny winning and Speaking of horses, I wouldn't be surprised of all track records were broken this year Race horses will run faster than ever before. How do you know they've got to it's either that or the meat market? Imagine imagine losing two dollars on a nag in a week later paying twenty four cents a pound for That doesn't seem right. No it doesn't tell me Jack Is this your first visit to Maryland? Oh, no, no, no, I've been here several times Don in fact, I got this scar on my chin when I was working at the Oasis Club in Baltimore Already that that was years ago. Oh a guy in the audience threw something at you No, no, you see Don I was going with a girl in the show called Charmaine the snake charmer And she didn't tell me her rattler was TV. I Don't know what became of Char Charmaine, but W. C. Fields tells me you often sees the snake Anyway down it sure is nice broadcasting for the boys here at Fort Mead, isn't it? Yes, Jack You know, this is not only a tremendous reception center But it's also one of the army's largest baking and cooking schools. Yum. Yum Baking baking and cooking. Yes, I went all through it this afternoon. Well, I knew it looks good I tell you don't if you're not careful you're going to find Come in Mr.. Benny yes on behalf of the boys in the baking and cooking school at Fort Mead I'd like to present you with this lovely upside-down cake. My goodness Do you make upside-down cakes in the army? No, I stumbled on the way over here Appreciate it. Anyway, it's a wonderful cake. Oh, hello, Mary. Hello, Jack. What's going on? Well, Mary the boys at the baking and cooking school here just sent me this upside-down cake Does it look delicious?  They certainly do things in a big way Well, naturally they have to cook in tremendous quantities. You said it I saw Kettle of soup so big they had a lighthouse in the middle of it That that I don't believe would you believe they stirred it with a speedboat? No, nothing you just saw a great big kettle of soup. What kind of soup wasn't Mary cream of elephant now cut that out But you know one thing down the food here really they have marvelous seafood here in Maryland especially oysters Yeah, I had eight dozen oysters for lunch eight dozen oysters. Oh, you must be awfully fond of them It's not that he promised some dame a pearl necklace What else can I get a girl gives me so much nourishment I'll get that necklace to say mr. Benny I was out in the hall just now and I still hello Dennis Hello Say mr. Benny. I was out in the hall just now where where you been all day kid. I was I was looking for you I went over to visit the wax at their headquarters Oh The the wax they gosh, I never thought I'd see the day when I'd be holding a second lieutenant on my lap I'm dating a sergeant Myself she's a fifth say mr. Benny. I was out in the hall just now and I saw a guy wearing two suits of clothes that were exactly alike Oh, those are the McFarland twins Art and George We have their orchestra tonight. Well, I'd like to meet him. He seems to be a nice fellow. You'd like to meet them Twins are two people. Well, they sure look alike. It wasn't for that glint and George's eye. I couldn't tell him apart My this a romantic program tonight. Hey fellas, come on out here and take a bow the McFarland twins Gosh, I can't tell these guys apart myself Well fellas, I'm glad to have you on the program. How do you feel to tell the truth mr. Benny?  Yeah, we didn't sleep awake last night Say I like to get things straightened out here. Which one of you was art and which is George? I'm art and he's George Well, look, one of you will have to take that alone. Now, which is which? I'm art and he's George. I'm George and he's art I'm Mary and you're Jack I know, I know Now fellas, it's about time for your band number, but first I think our audience would like to know a few facts about you Now, where were you boys born? Detroit, Michigan Well, we got some boys here from Detroit. Whereabouts in Detroit were you born? To tell the truth, Mr. Benny, I was born in a taxi cab Well, I made the hospital Oh, then art is really a few minutes older than you, eh, George? Yeah, I ask his advice about everything Very good, George I'm art. No, I'm art Oh, I'm art I thought he was George No, I'm George What? I can't stand this. I'm going to blow my brains out Dennis, put down that atomizer Now that we're acquainted, fellas, what do you say we have a nice hot band number? Just a minute, Mr. Benny. We haven't discussed our salary with you Salary? Go ahead and play, fellas Hey, we're not playing when we straighten this out. When do we get paid? Well, it's very simple Sure. Every money Jack invites us up to his hotel for roast turkey Never mind And we have to hunt for our money in the dressing I do that just one week for a gag I got 15 cents and a giblet All right, let's have your number, fellas, and we'll talk about money later Come on, boys, let's play by the McFarland Twins and the Rockster Ladies and gentlemen, before we go any further I'd like to give you a brief description of what we're doing Now, let's see, they have brown hair, brown eyes, two heads, four arms, and twin beds They also have one salary And now, folks Hey, wait a minute What do you mean one salary? We'll talk about that later And now, folks, sit down, fellas, sit down Yeah, sit down before he knocks you down Dennis What was that crack, Benny? He said it was a crack Dennis What was that crack, Benny?  We are going to present a modernized version Of one of Hollywood's greatest motion pictures Mr. Smith goes to Washington That is, we are going to show you what would happen If a young senator were to arrive in Washington today In the first place, he'd never get a room Quiet, that's our plot I mean it I'm staying at the Charm Hotel in Washington And I had to take the bridal suite The bridal suite, what's wrong with that? No groom Anyway Anyway, Washington is crowded So is Baltimore, where Dennis and I are staying I've got lovely accommodations at the Belvedere, Mr. Benny But the view isn't so hot Oh, what floor are you on, Dennis? All of them, I've got a cot in the elevator My goodness Anyway, folks, in our drama I have my ups and downs, believe me All right, I'm up and down In our drama This comes in with those things there In our drama, I will play the part Of the young senator from Illinois Mary will be my secretary And Don, you're going to be the senator From your home state, Colorado Well, thanks, Jack That's very nice of you Don't mention it Do you think you can play the part Of a senator, Don? Jack, I can just see myself In the Senate chamber now Mr. President May I have the floor? Fellow senators I come from the wild and woolly west Where men are men And they've got to have Their grape nuts flakes for breakfast What? And I make a motion That an amendment be added To the Constitution To the Constitution? Let toasty brown sweet Is in a grape nut flakes Be served in every American home I thank you Very good Very good, Don The part is yours Now, Dennis As it says in the Bill of Rights It is the heritage of every American To have iron, niacin, and vitamin B1 I thank you again Very good, Senator Sit down Now, Dennis And furthermore Sit down, fat boy I steal everybody's stuff I don't care Or I'll tap you gently With this gavel Now, Dennis Dennis, you've got a swell part In our sketch You're going to play my father Your father? Yes I'll probably get slugged for this So I won't say it That's right Now, let's see if you can play The part of my dad Okay Now, sit down here, sonny And I'll tell you the facts of life The facts of life? Good Go ahead Now, I'm stuck Never mind You'll do anyway, folks Our play will go on immediately After a song By my father, Dennis Day Go ahead Picture Good Night Sung by Dennis Day Very good, Dennis Thank you Oh, by the way, Mr. Benny There's something I meant to tell you Did you hear the plug That Fred Allen gave you on the air last Sunday? Fred Allen Gave me a plug? Yeah, I heard it, too A plug? What did he say? Well, Fred said a policeman stopped some people Driving down Broadway last Sunday and said Hey, don't you know you're not supposed To drive around in your car anymore? Where are you going? Uh-huh So the driver said We're going over to see the Jack Benny program Yeah And the cop said Well, as long as it's not for pleasure, go ahead The plug Allen gave me? Listen, Dennis, what do you mean plug?   Don't act so surprised What? What did you do before you worked for me? I was president of a bank Now, wait a minute What bank were you the president of? The Harlem put in your money And we'll roll you double in nothing for history Well, tonight You're going to be a porter On the express train That runs between Chicago and Washington Can't you make that a local? I got a gal in Pittsburgh Rochester, this'll have to be an express Okay, let's go For our political drama Mr. Benny goes to Washington Take it, Don Wilson The opening scene is the railroad station At Waukegan, Illinois Jackson Benny, a local boy Has been elected to the United States Senate And the whole town, including his father, Zeke Benny Has gathered at the depot to see him off Listen to George Pritchard And his Waukegan firehouse band Isn't that thrilling, dad? Those cheers are all for me I'm mighty proud of you, son Wipe your nose Thank you Thank you I sure appreciate you're coming down to the station And the first thing I intend to do as senator Is to carry out my campaign promise to definition Yes, I will positively And in closing, I would like to repeat my campaign slogan Vote for Benny and get him out of town All folks, I thank you Now, where's my secretary? Here I am, wipe your nose Thank you Are my trunks on the train, Ms. Livingston? Yes, if you ought to be wearing them, you'll freeze I mean my baggage Well, that's my train, I guess Goodbye, everybody, so long, dad Wait a minute, son, I hear there's a lot of gales I'm going with you You can't go, dad You haven't got your toothbrush I haven't got my teeth either Let's go Okay, come on All believing on track one for Chicago South Bend, North Bend East Bend, West Bend And I've been fine, how have you been?  I've always wondered, son, what does the D.C. stand for? Yes, sir Well, a senator's got a lot of them A lot of important things to do, might as well get started Take a letter, Ms. Livingston I didn't bring my notebook and pencil Oh, fine, you've been my secretary for eight years And you haven't taken down one word Well, you haven't said anything That's so, just for that, sister, you can get off my lap And then your father better get off mine Well, the train's crowded Now, where's my briefcase? Say, Porter Yes, senator Have you seen my briefcase? I want to get my cough medicine out of it Was that stuff, cough medicine? Yes Oh, so you thought it was something else Well, it says right on the bottle Take two tablespoons Take two tablespoons before retiring Well, I'm going to bed, I don't know what about you We both need rehearsing there What? Good night, senator Oh, well, I can get some more medicine in Washington tomorrow morning Before we get there, will you please take off those spats and say vote for Benny on them? Oh, yes, I wore those to get the midget vote I think I'll rehearse my speech for the Senate Hello, senators I am here today to plead for the walk Keegan Bill A bill that will provide for Hurray The following morning, and we find our young hero about to enter the lobby of a prominent Washington hotel Gee, things are crowded here I hope we can get room Well, let's try this hotel Okay You can see that Have you got any vacant rooms in this hotel? No, and wiper your noses Thank you This looks like a new place Pardon me, can we get rooms here for tonight? We have no rooms, we have no suite We haven't even got a seat But that's the way it always goes I'm sorry, sir, and wipe your nose Thank you Pardon me, do you have rooms here? I don't know Hey Eddie, have we got rooms here? Our weary group is still on the march Walking, walking, walking I'll never get to the Senate Look, senator, there's a nice hotel and it doesn't seem crowded Where? Right ahead of us See that sign, Hotel Vecansi That's vacancy It means they got rooms, let's go in Our last repound of place I'll speak to the clerk Pardon me, sir I wonder if you have any room Hello, strenzer I saw your sign out front, vacancy What can you do for us? Well, senator, for 25 cents you can hang all night in the coat room And for 50 cents, you can sleep on the jukebox Jukebox? Right in the purest phase, 5 cents extra And for a dollar, you can ride the revolving door and sleep like a top Well, I'm willing to spend money What have you got for $10? For $10, I'll sell you this brick A brick? What am I going to do with that?  Well, you see how it is And what happened to me happened to crisp toasty brown grape nuts flakes They're fast growing, too In fact, grape nuts flakes are the fastest growing ready-to-eat cereal in America today And there must be a reason Well, there's a reason, all right Two of them First, it's that distinctive flavor The flavor you all love in grape nuts presented in tempting flake form And it's that nourishing goodness For grape nuts flakes bring you the important whole-grain food values you find in natural whole wheat including iron and two of the valuable B vitamins recommended for everyone by our National Nutrition Program So ask your grocer for luscious grape nuts flakes in the big economy package That was the last number of the 17th program of the new grape nuts flakes series And we'll be with you again next Sunday night broadcasting from the Marine base at Quantico, Virginia Tomorrow night, we'll be seeing you boys at the U.S. Naval Station at Bainbridge, Maryland with the whole gang including Danny Kay, the star of Let's Face It also hope to be in Washington for the President's Ball Good night, Johnny Now at Fort Wheaton, Maryland and it's not necessarily constituted an embarrassment of the product by the War Department


Being an entrepreneur is very exciting but high-risk and sometimes you have to work really long time not get paid well for years. That's why a lot of entrepreneurs want to become a partner manager at the stepping stone. However, their experience are frequently not valued by those stable big tech companies and they either do not land an offer at all or they get a low ball offer. In this video, I will break down the four steps that help you become a partner manager with an entrepreneurial background. Make sure to stay until the end where share with you the hardest question you'll be asked as an entrepreneur during the partner management job hunting journey. Hey guys, this is Dr. Lin C.B, a direct product and feature in Forbes. I've helped thousands people land a dream PM job offer in fan companies and unicorn startup and continue to get promoted as a product leader. In this channel, we talk about tech trends and free partner management training. Like and subscribe, check out our new video every Tuesday. Step number one of becoming a partner manager as an entrepreneur is the yes mindset. Yes, you can for sure. And yes, people will pay you top salary based on a past entrepreneurial experience. For example, my student David in with eight years entrepreneurial experience and became a partner manager and meta. And now he's also working on very cool AI product for meta. And recently I also helped another startup CEO to pass his interview at open AI. And those are all exciting opportunities out there. And then they love those entrepreneurial background. Now let me tell you behind the scenes how people make decisions. Those are exciting opportunities that everybody wants. And those companies really love entrepreneurial background. And you can make it happen as well get those hot offers and get paid significantly more. But now let me break it down behind the scenes how and why companies love entrepreneurs. Number one, entrepreneurial experience and product management have 70% overlap. Because as an entrepreneur, you frequently trying to find out product market fit. You want to talk to customers on the needs and desire pain point. And you lead engineering team and try to build a product. It is the same roles and responsibilities as a product manager, which is also a CEO or product. But what is the 30% the 30% is that entrepreneurs frequently need to spend lots of time doing fundraising, managing your team, hiring team members. So those are not necessarily the core responsibilities for product managers. But the key responsibilities are the same. So therefore, 100% chance product managers, if you use the right methodology, you can definitely become a product manager. Now, second, entrepreneurs also need to understand what type of companies appreciate your specific background. For example, those tier one large tech companies, they all love entrepreneurial background. And because they believe that entrepreneurs, if they can start their own company and drive customers adoption and find product market fit, they can use the same kind of talent and drive and personality to create even better product for those bigger companies. For example, Meta is known for hiring entrepreneurs as their senior product manager. And Google and OpenAI all love entrepreneurs. And those are great company for you to look into. Besides those fan companies, of course, some companies have concerns hiring entrepreneurs are going to cover instead forward towards the end of this video. Let's continue. Step number two to become a product manager as an entrepreneur is repackage your stories and have a systematic study of product management knowledge. As I said earlier, entrepreneurs definitely can become product manager. However, if you don't tell your story very well, nobody will make you an offer or even make you a low ball offer and getting paid very little. For example, our student Howard, he was an entrepreneur for two years, and he never worked for anybody else right out of college, but he had a successful startup. But the star didn't raise enough funding eventually went out of business. So therefore, he just wants to join any company as an associate product manager because he thought he has no product management experience. But he landed zero interview as an associate product manager. However, after we repackage his resume, repackage his experience, and he was able to land a senior product manager position in some startups, and now he's in the process trying to jump over to tier one fan companies. So what made the difference in his transition is that in the past, when he went out into any job interviews or packages experience on his resume, he only talks about the things he did as entrepreneurs such as raising funding, building MVP, and leading a team. Those are definitely leadership skills. However, as a product manager, we want to see something very specific such as create a go-to-market strategy, write product requirement documentation. And on top of that, during the interviews also want to test out, do you know the systematic way to create a product? Because as an entrepreneur, you might use very agile methodology with very limited funding, you might cut off some of the right process to create a product. Now, let me give you a quiz to test out if you know systematic product management knowledge or not. Answer this question. What are the five types of product requirements you need to write in your product requirement documentation? If you don't know this foundation five types of product management requirement, I'm sorry, they can tell you are not well trained as a product manager. Now, here's the answer to this question. There are functional requirement, performance requirement, usability requirement, supportability requirement, and reliability requirement. You must know they can easily tell you're not well trained as a product manager.  I'm also going to link the playlist in the description of this video. The fastest way for you to master the product management knowledge through systematic training is attending product management bookend. You can check out our PM Accelerator certified product management bookend in the description of this video as well. Number three is to create a product portfolio. This is the best way and easiest and the fastest way for you to demonstrate your transfer skills as a product manager and make them pay you top dollar. Now, let me quickly introduce what is a product portfolio. It is the simple description of your past product and follow the internal product management life cycle step to show either that you have done each of the steps of product management. So it's the easiest way to tell them that, hey, even if I was an entrepreneur, I would CEO of ABCD company. I would CTO of ABCD startup. Actually, I have done everything that presented inside of this product management portfolio. And that's the same as what the big tech companies is launching their own successful product. So what to include in a product portfolio? Very simple, which is, for example, if you have interview customers, you can describe your customer interview outcome. If you have written requirement, you give the examples of requirement. If you had long-term, short-term roadmap, you show them your roadmap as well on your product portfolio. Another advantage of a product portfolio is actually creating experience to hide your career gap. For example, one my student Diana, she had two year career gap when she had her first baby. But at the same time, she's also trying to work on startup. But we're able to create a product portfolio to really highlight the skills she has gained during the startup period and minimize the fact that she actually took two years break from her career while taking care of newborn baby. That's why right now, Diana is working for a senior product manager of a pre-IPO startup. There are 13 different types of projects you can work on to create your own product portfolio. You can go to this website to download the checklist of the certain project. I'm also going to link it in the description of this video. When you start working on those projects, the next step is using top five free product portfolio tools to create your own product portfolio and I've entered in training how to use those tools right here in this video. I know lots of you guys, tens of thousands on my audience watching those free training already landed many product management job offers. If this is you, please comment on this channel and tell me that you have landed an offer and I'd love to celebrate with all of you guys. Step number four of becoming a product manager as an entrepreneur is to know the best framework and strategy now those product management interview questions. Now let's talk about the sad truth. There's a differences between you know how to launch a successful amazing product and you know how to interview and show off your achievement. Recently, a very successful star CEO and he was also a chief proud officer of a public trading company reached out to me and asked me to help him get into OpenAI. He said the same thing. He said, Hey Nancy, I know, I know how to be a product but the different skillset for me to present myself and really land those high paying job offer especially join this amazing company of OpenAI. Therefore, I recommend everybody to fully prepare for your upcoming job interviews as a product manager and as an overview, they're going to ask you many challenging questions such as product sense, product design, product metrics, product strategy and behavioral interview question. And I have a separate playlist and sample answers of each of those interview questions or with step by step guidance and framework how to answer those questions. You can check out all the playlists right here. Actually as entrepreneurs, the hardest question for you to prepare is product strategy which is also something to really expect you to master because at the CEO of your own company if you don't know how to talk about long-term product strategy they're going to fail you in the interview because the expectation of a CEO of a startup is much higher compared with someone who is just fresh out of school. On top of that, they're also going to ask this most challenging question why you don't want to be an entrepreneur anymore? Are you going to be fully focused on this new job with my company or not? And why do you want to join my company? Make sure you must have a very convincing answer to these fundamental questions or they're not going to hire you because they don't seem to have the royalty to work for those new companies. When you answer those challenging questions the most important step is to use a bright framework especially all those questions that sounds quite similar if you lose the wrong framework you're going to definitely fail in those interviews. I have invented my own framework to help you to break down all those most challenging interview questions and I made them for free on my youtube channel and in my next video I'm going to tell you how to answer the most challenging interview question which requires strategy question using the Gucci framework I have invented. You're going to check out this video right here and make sure to go to the description of this video and download the 13 different projects and work on to create a product portfolio. This is Darklin City from PMExcelerator.io Like and subscribe and see you in my next video right here.


Old MacDonald had a school, A-E-I-O-U. All done, Old MacDonald. Can you read me the words today in our Up family, Aiden? As we move toward an inclusive education system where each student is successful, it's key for teachers to understand, support and collaborate with parents. Aiden, thank you for reading that. That was a good reminder of our Up family. I can't believe how awesome of a year Aiden has really had. Coming from our last year of Puff, having autism and being in the regular classroom has just been so important for us and to see how well he's done and now to get him ready for grade one and take all the extra things that we don't do with neurotypical kids, to prep him more so that he has success in grade one, that it's just nice that we're able to talk and that we can set that up for him for sure. Parents are powerful partners and an invaluable resource to teachers, providing them with information and insight about their child and what works best for that child in terms of learning and positive behavior supports. We're going through it right now and it's cool and you know you have safety and all those things that surround that too. So we're just trying to stop any of that functional behavior that's not functional and redirect him and if it's something that's thrown, he has to then pick it up and say sorry. We really need to understand the challenges that parents face and be empathetic to that and then we can be truly helpful. And that he's all done whatever he's doing. So all done is the language you're using and that is what we're using at school as well. We as teachers need to listen to parents because they know their children best. We have a very interdependent relationship where if we're listening to them and they're listening to us, the child will succeed. Do I combine those two? Yeah, we don't have both. So just use margarine and do two-thirds plus two-thirds. So a cup and a third of margarine. So what were you doing? Parents are the first teachers of their children and this rule continues after children begin formal instruction at school. Ben, what are you doing? Watching girls. Watching girls for hours.  Hey, hey, what's going on guys? Parents are actively teaching attitudes, beliefs, values and skills. They provide experiences that schools cannot. No, we have not. Abby, how much time is left in this episode? Like half an hour. Ben, can you wait half an hour and let her finish this? Parents of children with diverse learning needs often have developed extensive activities through which they support their child's development.  Thank you. I feel that it's important to be able to communicate with Ben's teachers to express to them who he is as a person and what his special needs are because I have an understanding as a mom, what he needs at home. It's great to be able to collaborate with the teachers and express to them how we can work together and help him in the school environment. Right. Yeah, I've got, I'm kind of looking at pairing the kids up. You know, someone gets to take notes and stuff like that and then we'll be having like video cameras and whatever so the kids can share and pair off and stuff like that. Will he be alright like with that kind of stuff? He does, he's going to love the cameras. The one issue is with partnering up, a lot of times he gets left out when the kids are left up on their own to do the partnering up so if there's any way we could select a partner for him beforehand, somebody that you think might... Successful. And that's the key word, successful collaboration between the parents and the schools. It's so important. It actually maximizes the child's development and learning. Parents know their children, teachers know the curriculum and understand teaching and learning by committing to collaborating both can identify strengths of the child and focus on collaborating in areas where their knowledge overlaps. It's clear rules about that and time limits as far as who gets the camera for how long and if he knows beforehand he gets it for 10 minutes and has to give it up, he does a lot better. At first I was apprehensive about working with parents but I've come to welcome and embrace our relationship. I think it's about developing a mutual respect for what we each bring to the table. Scott's a very rigid thinker. Parents and teachers both have their roles in working with children. The challenge and the reward is for teachers and parents to negotiate supportive, mutually beneficial and rewarding ways to work together. Being an advocate for their child is always the role of the parent and it is ongoing. Whether it's a new class or a new school or a new challenge they may face it is always the role of the parent to place the advocate for what their child needs. As educators we honor this role and see it as an expression of the unconditional love of a parent for a child. We do our best to work together with parents building on strengths and providing the best educational program to maximize learning and development. I can't really see in front of me and I really don't know what I'm doing but my co-piles asleep.