This is my first time on stage at DEF CON not rapping, so I'm a little bit nervous. This is anti-forensics AF.  My name is Int 80, I'm the rapper in dual core, and this is the fourth anti-forensics talk that I've ever made. So I the other three are online, I presented it like Derby CON and stuff like that, so you can watch them on YouTube. And here's some stuff we're going to talk about today. We're going to start kind of where I left off with my previous anti-forensics talk and we'll talk about some self modifying code in memory for Windows executables. This is like coming from the context of being an operator and being on a compromise system and you have malware in place running and you're trying to prevent your malware from being acquired and analyzed. Then we'll talk about some Android stuff. So I've got some Android-forensics research that I've done with my girlfriend and then also some anti-forensics and I'll probably win the award for worst DEF CON demo ever. And then I have some stuff with SD cards but I'm having display issues with my Linux laptop so if we can't get it to work, we will, I don't know, I'll be in the vendor area afterwards so I'll be happy to show you guys some cool SD card tricks. So I currently work on a red team and I get shells in right malware for a living and I come from a reverse engineering background. So I've never done forensics professionally so you know, don't really take my word for all of this. I mean it works but I'm not a forensics professional. I've had some really interesting run-ins with law enforcement and three letter agencies and I'd be happy to talk about my trolling of certain agencies like the FBI and the NSA in some other time when I have a drink in my hand or something like that so if you want to find me after the talk, tell you some fun stories. Again, I'm not an expert.  And then the last part is kind of a commentary on our current legal system and every cool thing I know how to do with computers is illegal and so I've learned to do cool things with computers by doing illegal things. So I highly recommend doing illegal things. All right, cool. So we've all known for the past decade or so memory forensics is the new hotness. You can get all the good stuff out of RAM and so again the context here is like you're an operator, you're an attacker, you're on a system, you've got malware running, you've got an implant, so you've got you know persistence but it's expensive to build a tool chain, right? So you don't want to get your malware caught, you don't want it to be analyzed, you don't want IOCs to be coming out about your malware, you don't want it to be detected. So the whole goal is to keep our malware running on a system and thwart either acquisition and or analysis and so in the previous talk I've done some tampering for the acquisition side and this one will look at the analysis side with a little bit of acquisition. Like I said, cool stuff happens in memory but we kind of take advantage of this, right? The analysis tools, they need all of the data about your malware in order to be successful in analyzing what you've coded and so we don't need all of those sections once we're loaded in memory so we can tamper them or remove them or whatever and therefore our execution still continues, we persist as operators on our target environment but analysts lose and can't analyze our malware and so it's great, we can basically just like I said either modify or remove bytes and the analysis tools can't do their job. So this first demo is a POC that I wrote called the keys are like right next to each other and it's kind of a throwback to the bash.org quote. It's a common typo, the keys are like right next to each other. All right, here we go. Everybody see that okay? Like text is big enough. Cool. All right, awesome. All right, so I have a malware sample that I wrote called the keys are like right next to each other so it's running. All right, we can see that it's executing, everything's good. Let's do an acquisition of memory. So I'm using recall which is an open source framework published by Google, you can grab it off of their github and first of all we're going to do is acquire memory and we're going to put it in this file called lol.aff4 and you can name it whatever you want. I just think it's funny so I should have like a how to basic video in here somewhere probably. How many people are coming to the DEF CON party tonight? Awesome. I'll be rapping at 130 headlining so I'll see y'all there. How many people have heard the song drink all the booze hack all the things. That is exactly how many album sales we have. Wow. Thank you guys. I thought Ram was supposed to be fast. How many people first year at DEF CON? Nice. Thank you for coming. How many people 24th year at DEF CON? Nice. What I do is 64 bit VM. All right. Well, while that's going, this is what the malware looks like loaded from disk. This is statically loaded. The keys are like right next to each other in IDA. You get a nice call graph. We see all the subs. We can do strings. We can see all this cool stuff. Everything looks good. There's no real complaints here. Yes. Okay. Cool. We finished our acquisition. So now let's get that malware. Again, malware is still running. All right. So this basically gives you like an IPython notebook for your workspace in recall. And it's really nice. It's basically Python and you can get tab completion. So let's dump out this binary. We don't even have to know the PID. We can just say the keys. And let's give it a dump directory. Let's put it right on the desktop. So it's dumping it out of the acquired RAM image now. Cool. And so there we go. We got it dumped. PID 4792. Here's our executable 4792. Loaded in IDA. Doesn't know what to make of it. Guesses it's an MS-DOS. Let's see what it says. That does not look the same. And so you notice it doesn't even know the segment names. These instructions don't look legit.  So but now we're still running. All right. So what does this look like for the code? This is a C++ file. 63 lines. Not including comments. Or including comments. So all we do is resolve our way into finding the header in memory. And once we've recognized like, yep, we found our header, our executable header, we call virtual protect. So we can set the right bit for permissions on the page for the header. And then we zero out the memory with this call to RTL zero memory. It's basically just memset underneath the hood. But what you end up with is losing all of the data structure about your portable executable at that point. The whole thing is gone. We reset the permissions back with virtual protect. And just in this case, POC just loops. And that's it. So pretty simple, but BTC analysis tools. So our malware persist hasn't been analyzed. You could go through here and try to like, you know, hit C in IDA and see if you can figure out like, is this code? Is this code? It's not data. Is it code?  And I also don't know any forensics investigators that even have IDA installed to begin with. So I don't know. I'm hedging my bets. My threat model looks like that. Let's see. I can actually show you guys the hex editor too. This is what it looks like in the hex editor. So much zeros. Whereas the original in the hex editor looks like a normal Windows executable file. So pretty neat. But if you want to take this further, you could do some interesting things to throw off the analysis tools, right? Like two of my friends, Richard Wartell from Palo Alto Networks and Craig Smith from Open Garage has independently suggested to me like rewriting a new PE header. So I don't know if you guys have ever seen something like tiny PE where you could write like a new executable into like part of the memory space and you know, might throw the analyst off by a lot.  You can do other things like modify values in the header and you get some interesting results, aka crashes with analysis tools if any of you are so inclined to research that particular vector. All right. Any questions on what we did with the keys or like right next to each other for Windows? So the whole reason this works is in order to get from on disk to in memory, you need your PE header so you can load and navigate all the data structures and get everything loaded. But once we're in memory, we don't need the PE header anymore, right? We don't need to reference back into there, into that section. Our code is executing, we're good to go. So in this case we just zero the memory and we're still running. We don't need to reference the section header, but the analysis tools failed. And so in the previous anti-forensics talk, I demoed this in Windows XP before it was end of life and here I demoed it in Windows 10. It still works. For completeness, in case you guys want to take pictures of the slides or anything like that, I mean I guess they're on the CD2, but I don't know anybody that has a CD drive by dual core CDs. This is what we ran. All right. So then the next question is, well, will it run in Linux? Usually the question is will it run Linux, but it's an Intel chip, so it'll run Linux. All right, cool. So here I've got Linux port of the code. The keys are like right next to each other. We're running. This is just some debugging output. All right, cool. So let's get RAM in Linux. Sorry, I made this talk a bit ago and I'm really forgetful because contact switching, so I have all my notes here. So to acquire RAM in Linux, in Windows we use Recall. We're going to use LIME, which is an open source tool published by the 504N6 guys. You can grab this off of GitHub as well. And once you build it, it shows up as a kernel module. So in this case, it's this LIME generic-ko, which matches the version number of your Linux kernel. We'll specify a path to dump it out to. So great, all we're doing is just loading this kernel module and it's going to acquire RAM for us. Are you kidding me? Oh, maybe I didn't build it. All right, let's build it. I really didn't know what was going to happen there. All right, that one worked. All right, so great, we have a memory acquisition. Let's check it out with volatility. Oh God, I hope this works too. So this is a Volatility is by the Volatility Foundation, open source framework written in Python, does a lot of cool stuff. One thing I'll go over with more verbosity in the slides is building volatility for your Linux setup. It by default, it doesn't come ready to run on Linux, but it's pretty straightforward to get it to get it going. So let's take a look at our memory acquisition here. All right, first, let's find our PID. These are all just modules that weren't installed. Oh God. Oh, there it is. All right, 9801. And just to confirm, yep, we're still still running, still doing evil stuff. It's false advertising, by the way, it's just printing. Okay, so looks looks like it dumped, right? Outside of the modules that it tried to load. Everything else is fine, no complaints, right? We're good to go. 400,000 hex looks like a solid base address for standard Linux image. So let's take a look. There it is. Okay, cool. So here's our process dumped out of memory. Oh, that's weird, it's empty. Sweet. We won. Zero file size. They couldn't, forensics investigator can't get our malware out of memory. Good job, us. Let's take a look at what this one looks like. So it's pretty much the same thing, a little extra debugging output. This code right here, line 16 through 20, is bad and I should feel bad. I'm literally like taking a shortcut to, I'm using fscanf and reading out of the proc maps to find the header in memory. There's probably an actual legit way to do this, but I'm lazy and this worked, so. Cool, so we find the header just like we did in the Windows version. In this case, instead of virtual protect, we call improtect. Again, setting permissions for both read write, all three, read write and execute. Then we call memset, zero out the header in memory, and call improtect again to restore the original permissions. So if you caught this right at the moment that the overwrite was happening, it might look weird seeing the header with all three read write execute permissions, but if you catch it afterwards, which you will maybe, then you'll see it look like normal with only read and execute. And then this is just more debug output, and here we go, just infinitely looping, doing evil stuff. So that's all it takes. Hack the planet. Cool. So, you know, we did get an acquisition with Lyme. We didn't tamper the acquisition too much, but we ended up not being able to extract the actual binary with volatility. So good job. This works for the same reason that the Windows 1 works. We don't need the executable header, right? So Windows uses portable executable or PE, and Linux uses ELF, which I don't know what it stands for, but who cares. And we do the same thing, we zero the header. And since we don't need it once we're in memory, it continues to run, but the analysis tools fail. So this was my win on the fly. I've successfully built Lyme with a make command. Good job, me. The real bread and butter here is the insmod, so inserting the kernel module and pointing it out to the output path and giving it the format. And this is the volatility stuff, so if you want to install it straight out of their GitHub, just do a git clone. Python setup.py install, pretty normal. Although I always forget that if I don't do it, like if I always use PIP for a while and I'm like, wait, how do I do this manually? That's why I put that line in there. And then this is building the Linux profile. Like I said, volatility out of the box is not going to work on a Linux VM or a Linux system, so you need to build a profile for the actual system that you're going to be acquiring the RAM from. So you'll go into this tools Linux subdirectory in the volatility directory, run make, and then it'll create this module.door file.  And I think all of this is in their GitHub anyways. And then once you've built the module.door file, you copy it into the volatility file system where it wants it, and then you can verify that you've got it by running that first volatility command that I ran and grepping for Linux, and that'll tell you that you've got a profile for Linux now. Then we did PSList to find our process ID, and then we did procdump, and that tries to dump the image of our malware and fails. Alright, Android stuff. Before I get started on the Android stuff, I will say that none of this addresses any of the Qualcomm trust zone issues, or like the deriving the hardware encryption key from that. The premise is in my threat model, I'm not going up against somebody that, or the people that I might be going up against don't care about me enough that they're going to send my Android device off to Israel for cracking. Alright, cool. So I also use Tor, use signal for those that follow the gruck on Twitter. I'm planning Thanksgiving, use Tor, use signal. I like that one because I'm allergic to nuts, my true merit credibility. The retweet in here is, I want to eat a pint of Jerry Garcia ice cream. Should I use a bowl or not? Use Tor, use signal. This one is selling social security numbers for Bitcoin. Please contact me on my XMPP and we'll discuss further. Use Tor, use signal. Okay, I'm really sorry, I'm just going to say it. I've had like this research for a while and really the only reason I made this talk is about the format for screaming goats in slide transitions was hilarious, so I'm so sorry to everybody. Okay, so this whole premise of Android stuff is all about using encryption, right? And so to understand why using encryption is so important for your Android device, we're going to talk about the acquisition and analysis process of Android forensics first.  Okay, so Android forensics is not the easiest thing. Anybody here done Android forensics? A few people? Nice. Alright, so this is the way that my girlfriend and I figured out how to do it. If you've got like flashy hardware and budget and stuff like that, it's probably way easier, but you have all these blockers in place that you need to work in order for your kill chain to be successful. So if you want RAM, you have to be running an Android kernel or a Linux kernel that allows loadable kernel modules, because you can use Lime to acquire RAM on Android as well. But all of the Android devices I looked at, none of them have a kernel that allows loadable kernel modules, which I mean is good. For my personal usage, I wouldn't want that, right? So you're probably going to lose at memory forensics right off the bat. The way we did acquisition was by cross compiling Netcat for ARM and then placing it onto the device, which already if you do traditional forensics, you're only read-only, right? Your method is read-only. And so you're already writing on to the device that you're going to be doing read-only from.  So in order for successful acquisition of RAM, you need the device to be powered on, the device to be decrypted, unlocked, rooted, and USB debugging. That's if you want a full physical acquisition of the NAND storage. So guess what? If you're encrypted, then you already killed them at the second step. And then if you want RAM acquisition, you need the loadable kernel modules. Okay, so this is like kind of the verbose like notes on doing Android forensics. Once you've attached your device to your acquisition machine, you can run ADB devices and that'll show you a list of Android devices that are attached. Then once you've got your cross-compiled Netcat binary, you push it up onto the Android device. So that's just ADB push. And then you set up a listener. This is like the weirdest thing I've ever seen in forensics. So you're forwarding all of the acquired data over a TCP listener on, in this case, port 4444. And if you're playing a drinking game and you had to drink on the word 4, you'd be in a lot of trouble right there. Then you spawn a shell, call SU. That's the part of the device being rooted. Copy the Netcat binary over into DevNC and change mode it for executable bits. And then you do a DD. And we're all familiar with DD, so that's fine. Nothing crazy there. But you pipe it into Netcat over your listener and then you acquire it over the Netcat connection. It's all USB, right? It's not like going out over the air or anything like that. It just seems like such a weird setup. And then a Shot 256 on it and make a backup copy and Shot 256 on the backup copy. Goat simulator. Okay, so one of the weird things that I found, my girlfriend and I found during our research on Android forensics was you'll find the NAND exposed by different interfaces. So if you look in PROC partitions that'll tell you where you can acquire from. But I've seen it under these ones that are listed. DevBlock, MMC Block, DevMTD, MTD, DevMTD Block, DevEMMC. And then I thought I was being clever there with that C++. No comment. Dad jokes. That's if you want physical acquisition. If you want logical acquisition it's way easier, right? You don't need root necessarily. You can just plug the device up. You'll need USB debugging enabled, but you can just do an ADB pull.  I thought the ADB backup one was kind of interesting because it creates this like jar file and you have to put a pin in for it. If there's like a pin on the device I think and that then exposes your pin in the bash history if you were maybe targeting the forensic investigator. I don't know. More stuff, dump state, like all of these things get you different pieces of data about the device like radio history, location history, stuff like that. There's also a tool out there called AF Logical OSC and it's an open source edition. It's pretty nice can get you a good acquisition of data as well. I think there's a law enforcement edition so if you wanted to impersonate a law officer you could try to get a copy of that or be a law enforcement officer. Didn't even think about that second part.  You have to be able to justify all the changes that have happened to the device so it's you're violating the traditional forensics methodology. And yeah all this stuff is easy to disrupt right. We got that super long kill chain. If the device powers off it's over. If it's encrypted it's over. If USB debugging is not enabled and you can't get it unlocked it's over. It's not even a goat. Alright so use encryption right and here's some like example scenarios that I thought were applicable. So number one if you're out operating and your or your freedom fighting is the grout calls it. You're not going to bring your personal phone with you. You're not going to bring your personal device right. So you leave it at home. But what if you're out freedom fighting and you get rated by law enforcement while you're out. You don't want them to acquire all the evidence off of your device. Also like I may or may not know people that build hardware implants for Android devices and deploy them while operating. And so you know if your implant gets found by a blue team or somebody else that's not meant to find it. You don't want them to acquire whatever evidence you've acquired while operating. And then how many people here knows no cause. So cause has a penchant for smashing cell phones and initially I put this in as a shrug but when I looked at it in the context of Android it looks like an ASCII cause throwing a cell phone on the ground. Alright cool. So my thought was if I'm leaving an Android device somewhere and it's got full disc encryption and it's running and it gets acquired by somebody that I don't want to acquire it. All I really need to do is just turn off the device.  And then of course lawyer up and that's after you've deleted Facebook and hit the gym. Oh before actually lawyer up first. Okay cool. So you have all these like awesome sensors available to you in your Android device right. You've got Bluetooth cellular etc. So my thought was you know you could pair to a Bluetooth device in your house and if it all of a sudden the device becomes unpaired turn the phone off now it's encrypted right so FBI comes they put your device in a Faraday bag you become unpaired or you go off the cell network right turn the phone off encrypted. It said a geofence if it wanders outside of the geofence using the GPS turn it off must have walked away on its own. So yeah so I'm just leveraging the facilities available to me in the Android device. So I wrote this tool called duck the police and it's just an Android app and I suck at programming as you could probably tell from the other source code so it's not it's not amazing but it does turn the phone off.  So I've got my duck the police app here with a Dolan icon and I select movement and I duck the police there we go and set my phone down and I pick it up and it's off and it's encrypted now. So now law enforcement gets no evidence off of my device. That was the easiest solution I could come up with and like right at the top of my coding capacity and this was the only meme I could find that said duck the police on it and these were my next best ones. That one I love because a former co-worker of mine he was like oh yeah you know like I can pick the boots on cars I can pick the lock on those. He's like the police charge 125 dollars to take them off. I charge 75. So much chaos on the internet. So yeah so that's uh that's like my android uh android stuff and uh again like those are my my ideas for scenarios but the device turns off and now all of your evidence is encrypted and again not taking into consideration the trust zone and trust Qualcomm trust zone stuff. Alright so I was going to play CTF with you guys um but unfortunately I demo gods are not with me on the display for my Linux laptop so I'm happy to demo this. I'm going to be uh I'm bending with hack 5. They're the bros in the vendor area that have the huge pineapple so if you want to come by or find me some other time during the conference um I can show you this in person but uh basically this is like some cool stuff that uh Craig Smith from OpenGrad just put me onto with SD cards and this was to prevent me from going too far in the slides before showing the answers. But basically the CTF setup is I have an SD card in my laptop and it's got a text file on it and you cat the text file and it says the rules are simple just add your name unmount the text or unmount the SD card uh remove it from the laptop plug it back in and verify that your name is still there and what ends up happening is uh you you can you know mount the SD card write append on to the um text file you mount it no complaints at all you remove the SD card you put it back in your name is not there and so the CTF is like we go back and forth like what would you try like people are like try like change mode zero zero zero zero you know like all zeros no no read no execute bits that doesn't work try change attribute you know make it plus a or plus i that doesn't work um and so what it is actually uh modification uh in working with the firmware on the SD card so there's an open source tool called SD tool and um what it can do is lock and unlock the device and this is aside from the physical lock that's on the device and so the rights all happen in memory so to the underlying OS everything looks good everything's fine but then below that the firmware uh to the SD card is not preventing or is preventing or not allowing the rights onto the actual storage so as we all say no logs no crime and so it's um it's it's pretty neat uh there's a couple caveats uh so like if you've got like a USB hub it may not work it might expose it as like um like a mass storage device uh but if you have a direct MMC device it should work you might need to go through different SD card um cages but one of them should work uh and the example scenario is where I thought this would be good also like building your own hardware implants using running off of uh an SD card uh anybody that's done like portal of pie or anything similar to that um you can do the same since it's a Raspberry Pi running off an SD card and if you make your like attack infrastructure attack VMs running off of SD cards none of your logs get written to the storage that's kind of neat. I still don't know what this what is that. How many people have seen this ladder goat? This is how you use SD tool um uh you just basically once you build it uh point it at the um MMC device and then you can get the status or lock in unlock it uh quick note I switch my make file to use Klang instead of uh GCC built uh GCC gave me errors but Klang was able to build okay.


Welcome. We have a chief's advisory committee. Make it obviously as transparent as possible. They are representatives from our very diverse city. I would call this proactive policing what you're doing. And they help us as we look at policy. Not everybody that you want to reach is going to be there. They help us shape some of the policies that we have here. You're supposed to have a language help, you know. A language line, right? They can share their perspective, what they're seeing out in our neighborhoods. There will be a voice and usually the very loud voices that really don't understand the perceptions of what DPD is doing. The end goal is us having the best possible policies, the best possible community building that we can.  That we can gain better understanding of how we can serve our community and do the best job possible for them.


Good morning, YouTube! Alright everybody, welcome back to the vlog. VLOG, do you know what that stands for? I actually, seven years ago when I did my first vlog in 2009, 2010, I had to look up because nobody really was doing it at that time, like, consistently, so I had to figure out like, what does that word mean? It means video, it's video blog condensed down to VLOG. Alright, tip number one for how to vlog. And I am speaking from the mindset of daily vlogging. Keep that in mind, it's getting a little bright, hold on. Basically, take your camera everywhere. Take your camera everywhere. Now this could be your phone camera on your phone, it could be your, you know, little point and shoot, G7X or whatever, or it could be your DSLR, which is what I'm using. So, take your camera everywhere because you never know when you're going to have clouds like this. As I'm going throughout today, I'm just going to be throwing tips and tricks at you as they come to my mind. I don't have time to like, write it out and talk, you know, it's like, so I'm just going to let you, let you have it.  If you are a morning person, wah, right here, right here, you should edit in the morning. When you have your coffee, your brain is getting going. I, once after 10 p.m., when a lot of YouTubers edit their vlog, I am dead. My editing, first of all, I would not have enjoyed as much, and it would be a lot harder for me to make good decisions in the editing. So, if you're a morning person, edit in the morning. If you're a night owl, edit at night. Just a little tip, little tip, so, because it's important to think about when you're setting up your day, how am I going to edit a vlog every single day? If you do it daily. All right. All right, so we got the aerator. I'm going to explain what the machine is here in a second. But before we fire it up, we're going to do one more dose of water. Remember in yesterday's vlog, check that out toward the end. Fast forward to like the seven minute mark. And basically I want to get a good, one more good layer of water down on the lawn, and that will help with aerating, fertilizing. Remember, massage your yard, massage your lawn. Kind of like your dog. Well, these things right there, those are called, basically they create these plugs in your yard, and that allows water, air, and fertilizer to go down into the roots. And I have another trick I'm going to show you here in one second. But let's see if I can get it out of the car. It's going to be interesting. Close. Gas to power that up. Isn't that cool? OK, you ready to close it? OK, you close it. You got it. Good job. Look how it does in here. The trick, the tip that nobody else, I've never seen anybody else do this. Aerating is crucial for your yard. It makes holes in your yard, and you're like, wait a minute, that's a bad thing. No, that's a great thing. Because then the fertilizer, the water, the air, it can go down to the roots. You've got to nourish your roots like your life. We've got to nourish ourselves deep down. So basically, this is the aerator. This is the 45-pound dumbbell that I just got from the shed. And I put it on top. I'm going to tie it on. And that is going to add, well, 45 pounds. So instead of making inch-deep plugs into the grass, it's going to make two-and-a-half-inch deep plugs, meaning the nutrients are going to go deeper to the roots, more nourishment. This is a trick that is what I do, and it works really, really well because my grass is usually pretty green.  All right. Here we go.  Tip of the day. I know this is turning into a lawn care vlog, but basically, do not hire an aeration company. Call me up. Because the aeration company will only go over each square foot of yard one time. That's not enough. If you really want the good stuff to go to the roots, you got to go over it three, four. I just went over the backyard at least five times you saw it in the time lapse.  So that is the other tip of the day, and for the how to vlog tip, don't be afraid to use time lapses to tell your story because it basically condenses the last hour and a half of work in the backyard into a short 12 second segment for your audience. Make sense? Capiche? All right. Now we got to take the machine back. You guys better move. So back at the house after picking up some fertilizer and you guys may not even know this, but you should. True love is from, true love is from Chicago. So now that you have about, I don't know, I'd estimate about 100,000 holes in your yard. No. I don't know. 50,000? I don't know. Now it's time for one more dose of water from the sprinkler system, even though I'm hoping for a little more rain today, but I don't know if it's going to happen. So I forgot that I was in charge of three human beings under the age of five this afternoon. So as far as the how to vlog, I'm going to do my best later on today. Thanks for bearing with me, but there's three little human beings running around right now. And basically, I have my full attention. You know how it goes. But I am very excited about this. I'm going to talk about it in a little bit. The vlog is not done. Okay. The vlog is not done. Oh my gosh. Kofuzy. You guys who've been watching the vlog for a little while, Kofuzy, go check out his channel below. Kofuzy. You, sir, have kicked off the postal party for the vlog. Kofuzy is from Chicago. So check out his vlog. He does great vlogs. He really focuses a lot on running, on time lapses, working with like GoPro's and like mastering the GoPro's. What else does he like to do? Transit. So like taking the trains through Chicago, which I love, sorry. And so Kofuzy, thank you for the postcard.  So it's PO Box, 1779 Englewood, Colorado, 801-50.  Seek beauty, work hard, love each other. Thank you Kofuzy, Michael, for the postcard from Chicago. See you tomorrow.


Chaos are very unusual crystals. They grow on the seafloor, here's basically the seafloor and you see these very large crystals that form at very low temperatures around zero or even less than that and you have to have very alkaline waters. Its chemical composition is calcium carbonate and six waters called exa-hydrate and it's a very metastable crystal so at the later stage the water will disappear and it will be calcium carbonate or sometimes the calcium is replaced by iron it's called cedarite.


Life is full of disappointments. For example, I'm still alive. Back from Prague, Czechia. And today we're going to discuss the narcissist's most mysterious behaviour. Devaluation, discard and replacement. Why does the narcissist devalue you? Why does he discard you even when you act as the perfect partner? Submissive, fawning, adulating, admiring, loving, caring, empathic, warm, accepting, unconditionally there for him. And yet, at some point, the narcissist turns around, becomes stone cold detached and then starts to devalue you, the mirror image of the love bombing phase. You had been perfect, now you are the reification of imperfection.   What had happened in the narcissist's mind or maybe in reality? Maybe it's something you did, maybe you're responsible for it. The questions keep swirling in your mind. You can't make sense of the sudden turnaround which ostensibly has had no external triggers, just out of the blue. Well, today I'm going to reveal to you the secret reason behind the narcissist's inexplicable devaluation and discard behaviours. I've touched upon it in previous videos. There's going to be a dialogue which I had done with Richard Granon in Prague on my recent trip. But this video right now would be a kind of a bridge, a bridge into the unknown, bridge into eternity, bridge into the narcissist's infinitely convulated, contorted, confabulated mind. What on earth is happening in this tortured labyrinth of the narcissist's brain when he suddenly decided that you are his worst enemy, a persecutory object, to be trashed as so much nothing? My name is Sam Vaknin. I am the author of Malignant Self-Love, Narcissism Revisited, a professor of psychology in Southern Federal University in Vostov-on-Don, Russia, and a professor of psychology in a professor of finance in the outreach programme of the CS Consortium of Universities, CIAPS, Centre for International Advanced Professional Studies. Phew, that was longer than the video itself, you hope. Okay, Shoshanim, you missed it. Admit it, admit to it, you missed it. Okay, Shoshanim, now let's delve right into the abyss known as the narcissist's mind. I want to start surprisingly with a bit of news. Men are using the replica artificial intelligence chatbot to create virtual girlfriends. This is an app that you can install and then you can use this app to create virtual friends, virtual family members, virtual girlfriends, and so on and so forth. And these entities, these artificially generated entities chat with you and gradually develop what feels very much like a relationship. But here's a bizarre twist. These men create virtual girlfriends and then they abuse them and then they brag about abusing these artificial virtual girlfriends. They brag online. They boast in public. They swagger.  This is a very interesting development because it constitutes proof positive that the victim's role in an abusive relationship is largely incidental. I'm going to repeat this mind blowing sentence because it undermines everything we think we know about abusive relationships. It utterly sabotages the science of victimology and it casts victims in a totally new light. And here is a sentence again. The fact that men abuse artificial intelligence applications pretending to be girlfriends. The fact that men are well aware that these are not real girlfriends, not flesh and blood. And yet abuse them and then go public about it. This is proof positive that your role in an abusive relationship as a victim is totally irrelevant, incidental. Men would abuse artificial girlfriends, virtual entities, artificial intelligence apps as randomly, as egregiously as they would abuse you, the carbon based flesh and blood version. Your role is largely incidental. Abuse revolves mostly around the psychological dynamic of the abuser. In other words, abuse is not relational. It's not an external externalized behavior. Abuse is internal. It's a form of psychodynamic. It's something that happens inside the abuser. The disturbance of regulation, a problem with identity, something internal, not external. You just happen to be there in the crossfire. Let's consider how else the narcissist. The entire relationship with the narcissist is intended to recreate the dynamics of the conflict with the narcissist biological mother during his formative years. The narcissist, like everybody else, is a baby to start with. He's an infant, but he has a dead mother.  All these are forms of abuse of course, and so children are exposed to abuse and some of them become narcissists. This early childhood conflict, this constant breach of the emerging boundaries of the child, the fact that the child had not been allowed to grow up, to separate, to individuate, to become an individual. This remains as a burden, as an unresolved issue, no closure to use self-help parlance. The narcissist has unfinished business with his mother, accounts to be settled. And so a relationship with the narcissist has a hidden agenda behind it, a hidden text. It is an attempt, the narcissist's attempt, to recreate the dynamics, the conflict, the boundary breaching, the problem with separation and individuation that he has had with his original, usually biological mother, during the formative years zero to six. But why would the narcissist want to go back to that harrowing desperate period? Why would he want to re-experience these emotions which are essentially bad emotions? Why would he want to be told again that he is very bad and worthy, helpless, hopeless, etc.?  Well, because this time around, the narcissist hopes to have, to accomplish different outcomes. He firmly believes that if he were to recreate the early childhood conflict, the early childhood dynamics, if he were to recreate it now that he is an adult, the outcomes would be favorable and different and good. And the main reason they would turn out differently is that he is no longer a child. The power matrix had changed with the original biological mother. The narcissist as an infant was helpless, helpless. He was lacking in perspicacity, knowledge. He couldn't predict the behaviors of adults around him, his mother's behaviors especially. He was not allowed to be in touch with reality and to develop reality testing. He was prevented or denied the ability to develop strict and firm boundaries and so his self did not emerge. He was rendered selfless ironically. And so here's a second chance. The narcissist regards his intimate partner as a maternal figure, as a mother substitute, a surrogate mother with whom he can reenact his childhood. It's a second chance, it's a second childhood, this time with different outcomes because the narcissist is strong, powerful, knowledgeable, unlike the infant who had suffered early on. So the narcissist believes that he is going to rectify and remedy his faulty upbringing by teaming up with an intimate partner who would willingly collude and collaborate in acting out the maternal role. So the narcissist hopes to obtain successful separation individuation. Remember, with the original biological mother, the narcissist had failed. The mother did not allow him to separate and to become an individual. She emotionally blackmailed him. She stifled him. She spoiled him. She instrumentalized him. She parentified him. She physically abused him, verbally and psychologically invaded his turf, his mind, etc. etc. The narcissist hopes that this time around with his intimate partner, he will be able to obtain perfect separation individuation. He will be able to finally say goodbye to mommy or to the surrogate mommy, to the substitute mommy. But how can an adult separate individually? Children do it naturally. They walk away from mommy. They take on the world grandiosly. What should an adult do? The narcissist's way of separating, individuating from the intimate partner who is also a mother. The natural way to do that is devaluation and discard. I want you to listen to this well because this is the core issue in relationships with narcissists and in narcissistic abuse.  That's the concept of dual mothership or dual motherhood, which I have dealt with in my dialogues with Granon in other videos.  He wants you to love him unconditionally.  From the very beginning of the relationship, hardwired, built into the dynamic is the aim of saying goodbye to you. Of becoming separate from you, of individuating, in dividing, dividing himself from you. The narcissist teams up with you as an intimate partner in a shared fantasy, forces you to act as a maternal figure so that he is able to separate from you and to become finally a grown up, well delineated and boundary adult. But the only way he is able to separate from you and to become his own man is to devalue you and then to discard you. In the original dynamic, the narcissist had been devalued and discarded by his own mother. Now that the power matrix had shifted, now that the narcissist is the strong party, the empowered party, now he's going to do this to his substitute mother. It's all a mirror image. The narcissist continues his relationship with his mother through you. He does not allow you to separate from him as his mother had not allowed him to separate from her. And he devalues you and discards you the same way his mother devalued and discarded him if he hadn't performed, if he had tried to separate.  This is a crucial insight because it means there's nothing you can do about it. It's not your fault. You did nothing wrong. It's not about you. Abuse, especially narcissistic abuse, is not about you. You don't exist. You are utterly replaceable, interchangeable. You are symbols. You are representations. You are internal objects. You are snapshots. You are introjects. Everything, but you're not you.  The narcissist enacts a monodrama, stages a theater play involving you incidentally. The abuse has nothing to do with you. It's a series of steps and internal processes in the narcissist's mind. In narcissistic abuse, the narcissist acts as a ventriloquist. Ventriloquist is someone who animates a puppet and speaks through the puppet. You don't see the lips of the ventriloquist moving. You see the lips of the puppet moving. Anything, the puppet is the one doing the talking. But actually, it's the ventriloquist. In narcissistic abuse, the narcissist acts as a ventriloquist. What happens is he creates a snapshot of you. He creates a representation of you, an avatar, an icon which is embedded in his mind as an internal object. And then what he does, he animates this internal object. He brings it to life, a Pinocchio effect, if you wish. He brings this internal object to life by attributing to it a kind of monologue. The internal object represents the victim. And then the narcissist scripts the internal objects, tells the internal object what to say. It's like the famous saying, if I want your opinion, I'll give it to you. So the narcissist allocates a lot to the internal object, a speech act. He gives the internal object a text and he says, please say this text aloud. The narcissist misattributes his own voice and thinks that it is the voice of the introjects. He animates the introjects, kind of an animated film.  It's a form of self-gaslighting via attribution error. The narcissist in his mind has a monologue going on.  And then he blames you because he misattributes the text, he misattributes the monologue. He thinks it was your monologue. Although the monologue is 100% his monologue, it's internal and it is carried out by internal objects. The narcissist is a very confused person, almost psychotic, so he thinks you said it. That's why narcissists engage in behavior which is misinterpreted as gaslighting. It's actually a form of confabulation. Now the external object, the actual partner, because you remember this you and you really exist out there.   You're really out there, you exist although after a few years with the narcissist you begin to doubt it.  You're the narcissist's actual intimate partner out there, but the narcissist has a representation of you in his mind. That's the internal object. What the narcissist does, the external object you is erased, erased in his mind, deleted and it is supplanted, substituted for by an introject which acts as a self-object or object representation. I'm not going to the academic and scholarly interpretation of self-objects and object representations. These are interchangeable concepts which describe what I call the snapshot or the introject or the avatar. But for those of you who are clinicians and therapists and former students, the external object is replaced with an introject and the introject acts as a self-object or object representation. Enough said. The narcissist also usurps some roles in your mind. So the first thing he does, he reduces you from an external object to an internal object and he takes control over the internal object and he animates it as a ventriloquist would do. He gives it voice. This voice is the narcissist's own monologue. But he does even more than that. He takes over some parts of you. Most notably, he takes over your inner critic. Every human being alive has an inner critic. It's a kind of a voice. A voice that tells you what you're doing is wrong. What you're doing is socially unacceptable. You should stop doing this. It's bad for you. It's bad for others. This is called the inner critic. Freud called it the superego. It's a part of the ego. The inner critic can be benign or benevolent, helpful, supportive or the inner critic can be harsh. And sadistic. We could have a sadistic superego. There are conscious which is another name for the superego or part of the superego. Your conscience can be rigid and demanding and punitive or helpful and supportive and in advisory capacity. So some people have the types of inner critic and superego in conscience which are bad for them. They are enemies. They are enemies actually. They torture. They harangue. They criticize. They chastise and castigate. They're always there sitting in trial over you. So what the narcissist does, he enters your mind and he usurps, he kind of hijacks your inner critic. And he turns it into a sadistic superego. He takes over your inner critic. He renders the inner critic harsh, unforgiving, demanding, punitive, hateful, self-destructive, self-defeating, sabotaging. So the narcissist not only takes over your inner critic, replaces your inner critic. Critic, he actually, the narcissist implants himself like a foreign implant in your mind as your exclusive inner critic. From that moment on, whenever you want to resort to your inner critic, you actually find the narcissist there. The narcissist had taken over and now the narcissist is your inner critic. The narcissist hates your guts because he has to replace you now. He has to separate from you. He has to individuate. He must devalue you and he must discard you. And to do this, he must render you a bed unworthy object. He must criticize you all the time. So the narcissist's inner critic function in your mind is sadistic. It's your upper secretary object. It's an enemy. It's rigid and it's unflinching and unrelenting. In other words, it victimizes you. The narcissist goes through three phases. One, he converts you into an internal object. Two, he takes over your inner critic or your superego or your conscience and he starts to devalue you and torture you. And then in order to separate from you and individuate, in order to complete, reenact the early conflict with his original mother, this time successfully, he needs to devalue. He devalues you. He discards you. And this way he had conclusively separated from you. This time, triumphantly, as the victor empowered and strong, unlike the infant in his early childhood when he was an infant and couldn't cope with mother, the power matrix as an infant was totally reversed. Mother was all powerful. The child is helpless, learned helplessness. When the narcissist entrains you, we again, I refer you to two videos, one of which is a dialogue with Richard Granon and another about entraining. So when the narcissist entrains you, he takes over your inner critic and he takes over your ego boundary functions. There's a video dedicated to this, how the narcissist takes over ego functions. And the narcissist takes over your ego functions because he has no ego functions of his own. He outsources his ego functions from other people, a process known as narcissistic supply. So he does the same to you. He forces you to outsource your ego functions to him. Ego functions are very important. For example, your ability to understand reality, to comprehend it, is an ego function. Your ability to regulate your internal sense of self-worth is an ego function. And all these functions are carried out by the narcissist. And because they're carried out by the narcissist, it's like you have outsourced your mind. The narcissist had converted you into an internal object. He took over your inner critic, your superego, and now he takes over your ego functions. He hollows you out. He empties you. He renders you a reflection and a resonance of his own internal empty schizoid core. You become a replica, a mirror image of the narcissist. So he takes over your totality and suddenly you develop an external locus of control.  Everything is determined from the outside by the narcissist.  You have been puppetized. And so this is an external locus of control.  The narcissist assigns to you the role of a victim. In his script. But more importantly is the role of a mother. Now that he had taken over your inner critic. Now that he is usurped and absconded with your ego functions.  Now as a mother figure, he can do anything he wants to you. Now he is all powerful and you are totally helpless. A mirror image of his relationship with his mother in early childhood, but a reversal.  He's going to separate and individuate by devaluing you and discarding you. Once you're out of his life, he literally, literally and figuratively he had separated from you. The only way for him to separate from you is to separate himself from you. And in order to do this, he needs to consider you unworthy of him. In other words, he needs to devalue you. All this is the culmination of a historical process. Now there's a whole, the whole field of social psychology and psycho, psycho history and so on. And there are groups of scholars like the mouse and others who seriously claim and pretty convincingly sometimes that mental health disorders are culture bound. They are reflections of the period in history, culture and society. I largely share some of these sentiments. I think for example narcissistic personality disorder and more generally narcissistic disorders of character and self do reflect a modern and post-modern civilization. And so if this is true, everything that's happening to you as a victim is largely determined or at least heavily influenced by the period in history you live in, culture and society you inhabit and the technologies you use, which leads me to the metaverse. Bear with me as I'm going to close the circle at the end of the video. But we need now to step back and ask ourselves why this phenomenon of narcissistic abuse? Why narcissistic personality disorder? These are hallmarks of the 20th century. Why did it come into being or come to be recognized at least in their current form in the 20th century? Why not in the 17th century or the 10th century? And to understand that I think we need to talk about technology. And I want to go from the future to the past. The metaverse, the metaverse Web 3 is the future of the Internet. It is an immersive environment. It is an artificial environment. The metaverse is supposedly a universe on the Internet that would provide you with anything you need. All your activities including work, sex, emotional gratification, entertainment, all would be catered to fully within an artificial environment, the metaverse. Now the metaverse wouldn't be the first time that humans have transitioned from reality to an artificial environment. It is not an unprecedented instance of what I call virtualization. Now it's a bit surprising because people think the metaverse is unprecedented. It never happened before. That is not true. Thousands of years ago there was a process called urbanization. Urbanization started, it's still ongoing by the way. Thousands of years ago urbanization, the move from village or farm to city, the move to cities, the habitation of cities is called urbanization. Thousands of years ago urbanization drove millions of people from nature to cities. What are cities? Cities are artificial environments. Cities are virtual environments. They're not natural. Cities are not natural. Cities are not farmland. They're not forests. They're not lakes. They're not habitats or natural habitats. Cities are artificial virtual environments. The transition from the farm or from the village to the city is the exact equivalent of the transition from reality to the metaverse. Thousands of years ago urbanization drove millions of people from nature to cities. Cities are the reification and the quintessence of fantasy rendered in bricks and mortar. Backpedal to agriculture. Agriculture requires an intimate acquaintance with nature. It requires a relatedness to nature. Agriculture is embedded 100% in nature. But agriculture also fosters non-narcissistic traits. Agriculture, for example, engenders, encourages the capacity to delay gratification and to prepare for the future. You put a seed in the ground today, you have to wait a few months until it becomes food or additional seed. This period of waiting trains you to be patient, trains you to observe, to be observant. This period means an inevitable period of waiting. There's nothing you can do about it. It's the natural rhythm of nature. There's nothing you can do about it. So you develop a capacity to delay gratification and you develop a view of the future. You develop a concept of time and the consequences of your own actions. If you misbehave, you will have nothing to eat. You will go hungry. You need to tolerate adversity and you need to have humility in the face of the elements. Now, how do we call all these? All these traits and behaviors. Put them together. This is one word, maturity. Agriculture forces you to grow up, forces you to be mature, forces you to have traits and qualities that encourage and enhance collaboration with others and with nature, integration with nature. These are all worthy parameters of human conduct and human character. Agriculture cannot tolerate narcissism.  Agriculture tolerates no vanity, no egotism, no exploitativeness, no lack of empathy. Agriculture expects you to behave in ways which are conducive to your own benefit as well as to the benefit of all others. In other words, agriculture is the antonym of narcissism. All these benign traits and behaviors have been lost in the transition to cities. When people moved to dense, non-natural dwellings, they lost all this. They became increasingly more and more narcissistic in a desperate attempt to be noticed, to be seen and to kind of muscle in on scarce resources. Allocation of scarce resources within cities required ambition, competitiveness, relentlessness, lack of empathy and other traits which are typical of narcissists. The city had infantilized its inhabitants because it had rendered them dependent on the country. They no longer grew their own food. They had to wait for other people to grow their food for them. The city had rendered its denizens narcissistic, psychopathic and or codependent. All these malases, all these diseases are the diseases of modernity starting a few thousand years ago with urbanization. Megalopolises also precipitated and facilitated the environmental calamities that enshroud the planet today and that threaten our very survival as a species. Ultimately, cities had created adverse dynamics between genders, between people. Cities led to the disintegration of communities, families, other institutions. The challenge to authority structures and hierarchies and so on. All in all, I think as far as the psychology of human beings, cities have been an unmitigated catastrophe, unmitigated disaster. I think also environmentally, the adverse outcomes of the metaverse will far outweigh the adverse outcomes wrought by the mass migration to cities. In other words, the next transition from reality to virtuality is going to be much worse. The first transition from reality, from nature to the virtual and the artificial, the city, had its horrible consequences, most notably the rise of narcissism. The second transition from cities to the metaverse will have much, much worse outcomes. And the reason is this. In physical human habitations, societies, institutions and other individuals constrain each other via intricate and ever-evolving webs of checks and balances, not so in cyberspace. Cyberspace is solipsistic, self-sufficient, self-contained, asocial, competitive, self-centered and aggressive. The transition from nature, from agriculture to the cities was a transition from communality and benevolence to narcissism. And the transition from the cities to the metaverse will be a transition from narcissism to psychopathy.


Welcome to All Hands Update. Here's what's happening around your Navy today. The U.S. Military Apprenticeship Program celebrates 40 years of offering C-Service military members the opportunity to receive apprenticeship certifications. U.S. map is a free service that combines on-the-job training and technical instruction so sailors can certify in more than 123 trades. USS Antietam and USS McCampbell arrived in India February 4th to participate in the International Fleet Review 2016. Guests of Naval Operations Admiral John Richardson will also be present at IFR 2016 to help deepen the maritime partnerships between India and the U.S. The U.S. Navy Bureau of Medicine and Surgery held its first women's summit. This event gave attendees an opportunity to contribute to the development of the future Navy and Marine Corps women's health community. You can read more about what's happening around your Navy at navy.mil.


Tricks, big YouTubers never share. Thank you, subscribers. Okay guys, so we want to grow our channel, we wanna get more views, we wanna do all that stuff, but how do we do it?  But more about that in just one second. In this particular video, I wanna show you these tricks that these top YouTubers are using every single day to get more views and we're starting right now. Now, if you're brand new to my channel, don't forget to subscribe, big subscribe button down there, there's a bell next to it, hit bell notifications, turn on all notifications so that you're notified. You're the VIP group, the Fisher family that finds out about these videos before anybody else, I'll actually notify you. Okay, so let's work on those videos. Now, certain people do really well on YouTube and it really is incumbent upon you to look at this stuff and look at some of these people and the one person I'm gonna tell you about right now, I'm showing you on screen right now, this is Wholesale Ted. I know her had dinner with her, we've done some collaborations where I did a webinar with her and she does extremely well, extremely well. Now, she has kind of a secret that I alluded to in the beginning. This is the person I was talking about and she did something that was really out of the ordinary, not too many people do and you don't have to do this but I'll give you an idea as to what she was doing and that thing blew her channel up and now at this point here, I think she has, according to this, over 500,000 subscribers and check it out, she can be making it up to as much as $4,000 a month just on ad revenue. So that's pretty darn good and she did this inside maybe two years, something like that. So, and keep in mind that YouTube is not a short term venture.  It's just not gonna happen.  This is a long-term thing but the good thing about YouTube also is that it's a long-term thing. So, if you start making a lot of money in a year or two years, that money doesn't go away in the next six months. It keeps flowing. So that's the cool thing about YouTube. Let's check out a couple other channels here. This one here is A-R-Y Digital, okay? And this one here you can see, it looks like it's over in Pakistan and if you look here, check this out. This kind of blows my mind. He can be making as much as almost $2 million a month just on ads. Yes, let me repeat myself, almost $2 million a month or $21.9 million a year in ad revenue. This doesn't include anything he sells. And ad revenue is generally 10 to 20% of your income. You wanna let that settle for a second? That's, yeah, it's a lot of money. And if you think that's a lot of money, check this out here. This here is Workpoint Official. They got an A-plus on Social Blade. Social Blade is the place you can go to guys and check out any of these channels. But check this out, $2 million a month, $23 million a year in ad revenue. That's kind of crazy, right? Yeah, here's the truth. You can't succeed if you don't know this secret, which I'm getting ready to share with you. The secret is the thing that makes it for all these top YouTubers, okay? This is the secret. Don't blame yourself if you didn't know this. If you didn't know this secret before I'm gonna give it to you right now, it's not your fault, nobody just told you before. Now, before I give you the secret, I also want to tell you that there's, even if you have the secret, if you don't do this other thing, you're never gonna do well on YouTube. And the other thing, and it's job number one, it's audio, audio, okay, really important. I keep trying to improve my audio. Both my walls here are padded, not because of what I act like, but because it absorbs sounds, okay? And if it absorbs sounds, it's gonna make the audio better. And if you notice, I've got a little lavalier mic here that's cooked into my camera because that's gonna give it better sound. If I just film from my iPhone, it's gonna sound echoey and not as good. So audio is number one, okay? Everything else comes after audio. If you have bad audio, nobody's gonna watch your video. They're just not. So make sure you understand that.  It's charisma. It's charisma, okay? You gotta be charismatic. You have to connect with your audience. Now, this is a screenshot of some of Sarah's videos here. And it's really pretty interesting why 99% fail. And look at the expression on her face. And then the one below that, she's talking about coronavirus and she's got the virus on there. She's got a mask on, $1,000 extra a month. And she looks pretty happy about that. She's holed up some money there. So typically, we think of charisma as strong and confident and beautiful and well-spoken and super well-educated and they dress nice and wear the best clothes. And though that could be charisma, that's not the charisma I'm talking about. On YouTube, to have charisma, you simply have to be interesting and hopefully different. And I mentioned this in some of my other videos, but different is so, so important, guys. It's hard to be better. It's really hard to be better than everybody out there. It's hard to be the best, but it's really easy to be different because you're you.  Just be you. Don't copy anybody else. Don't do what they're doing.  Don't try to grab somebody else's personality and act the way they do. I saw that a lot with Gary Vee and a lot of people trying to do videos like him by dropping the F word constantly. And that doesn't make you good. That just, I don't know. He can get by with it. I don't think the average person can. I don't think the average person needs to do that. I saw him speak at a convention and they introduced him as the F word guy, okay? So, you know, maybe that's his stick, I don't know, but he's got a whole lot more going for him than the fact that he uses that word, you know, throughout his language. Check this out. I looked up charisma. Let's see what charisma says. Compelling, attractiveness or charm that can inspire devotion in others. Now the key word here is devotion. And if we look up the key word devotion, what do we find? We find love, loyalty, enthusiasm for a person, activity or cause, devotion to duty, never wavered. So, we want these people devoted to us, okay? We want things that are going to interest them. We want things that we can express our emotions about. If you're not emotional about, you know, what you're doing and it can be happy, sad, excited, whatever it is, show some emotion.  We don't want that, okay? We want something that is excited. You also need to know what your audience desires are. You know, my audience desires are to make money online and to grow their business. And you know, I show it through YouTube. I show it through WordPress websites. I show it through marketing. But bottom line is that's what they desire. So, I need to do videos that's going to help them achieve those goals. Here on the screen, I've got Jonah Cedia and her YouTube channel has, let's check this out right here, 3.23 million subscribers and she started this in high school, okay? So, she's only got 102 videos, but what she does is she does videos that those high school kids can relate to and thus, she's been able to build a huge following. Now, here's the cool thing. As you grow your channel, you will become more charismatic. If you go back to my first video, and please don't do that, please don't go back and look at that video. Please don't do that. I know some of you will.  And I don't mean that I didn't get the pointer cross or I didn't teach something. I mean, well, you'll have to see it. You just have to go look at it. I'm not gonna put a link to it because I don't want you to watch it. But if you saw that, you would say, wow, this guy's really bad. He shouldn't be doing videos. Fortunately, if you do something over and over again and you try to get better at it, don't do something over and over again and never try to improve it. That's the one ingredient a lot of people forget. Just because you've been doing something for 20 years doesn't mean you're good at it if you never try to improve it. So that's super important. When I first did videos, I didn't have lighting. I didn't have my sound right. They were too short. I didn't focus my camera. Can you believe that? I didn't know how to focus the camera. So most of them were pretty blurry. They didn't come out good at all. So bottom line is you need to use some social triggers. Something that people can relate to. If you notice at the beginning of my video, I talk about I've sold millions of dollars of digital and physical products online. Pretend I mentioned that. If I didn't, I have, so that's helpful. So what is your thing? What is your thing you can connect socially with? And it could be you lost 30 pounds in 30 days. That's interesting to somebody. I remember when I first started out, I'm like, well, what is my hook? What is it I can tell these people? And somebody said to me, well, you sold millions of dollars of products. Why don't you mention that? That's probably an important factor. And let's look at some other people. Here we've got Tai Lopez and here's a screenshot. And this particular one was here in my garage. Here in my garage, okay. Now, if you look at it, he has 69 million views on this video. Now, sure, he ran ads to this video and I know that. But the point is this video blew up because he had an awkward kind of charisma in it. He talked funny, he acted funny. People were like, who is this guy? What is this? And they started searching the internet and he actually really blew up and did very, very well. The next thing you can do if you wanna build some social credibility is collaborate with another YouTuber that is talking about the same subject you are. I did one with Sarah and I'm getting ready to tell you what she did, by the way, that really helped her take off. You're gonna think it's really funny. But anyhow, I collaborated with her and that got me, I know that month or two, tons of views and tons of subscribers because she already had that following. Now, you may be surprised that a lot of these big YouTubers will be willing to collaborate with you. And if they're not, bump down a notch.  Let's do a video together. That can get you some social awareness and social proof that you're relevant. So don't be afraid to contact these people. Sure, most of them will say no, but the few that say yes could really help your channel take off. Next thing you can do is make some timely videos that are hooked to a famous person. Like right now, if you did a video on Elon Musk and his factory being closed, that would probably do really well. And people searching Elon Musk and they see that in your title, may likely click on that title and watch your video. So think about what's going on in the world here. Even though you may not be able to get Elon Musk to sit down with you and talk, you can certainly do a video about him since his name is really big in the news right now. Think about your own credentials.  Maybe you work at a restaurant, okay?  So now you're a chef with a degree or maybe you went to cooking school in France. So mention that. So now I'm a chef with a degree from France, okay? So the more things you can put in there, the cooler you're gonna make it sound and the more social proof you're gonna have. Now here's an example of Russell Brand. And first thing I'm gonna say about Russell Brand is look at the quality of the video. This is nothing special. He's got a microphone.  Looks a little bit like a terrorist. I know he's not, but he looks like it. And he's talking about Adele's body because she lost weight. He didn't get Adele on there. He did a video about how much weight she lost and his opinion of other people's opinions. So he's smart in the fact that he found something. He plucked something from a news headline out there and did a video that was relevant. You can do the same thing. Hey, maybe you wanna do a video on Adele's weight loss. Maybe you're in fitness. Maybe this would be perfect for you. It's a great idea to check out that video. Okay, here's a picture from my wife and me with Cesar Milan, the dog trainer. Now her dog training is entirely different from his. He has a different style. She's got a different style, but there's social proof there. People say, well, I know I've seen that Cesar Milan guy and if he's hanging out with Jessica, gee, she must be somebody. So use that social proof. If you can snap a picture with you and anybody important, do it any time you can. Now you may be saying to yourself, well, that's manipulation, JR. We don't wanna manipulate. No, it's not. It's about honoring those people that have some fame and saying, hey, I'm honoring this person by saying, hey, I wanna have my picture taken with him. So it's a win-win situation. You also wanna leverage the power of words. You'll find it a lot in different titles, words like secrets or revealed or uncovered or I'm gonna pull back the curtains. Another thing you can say is, well, I finally admitted what I did wrong, but you need to deliver on this. So don't put those words in there. Like I've got the secret steps and you never really come up with any secret steps. Don't do that, okay? Make sure your content is good and you deliver on that title. Also check the tonality of your voice. Don't always talk at the same rhythm. Don't do that, guys. Now, if you hear me talk, this is just my normal way of talking. Sometimes I talk fast, sometimes I talk slow, but I always talk. That's one thing that my wife has told me. I do talk and I talk a lot, but the point is you can't get in front of this camera and be monotone and I will tell you, I was really pretty monotone when I first started doing these videos and like I said, don't go back and watch that original video, but I was trying to talk to a camera instead of talk to a person and that's one thing I would tell you is understand you're talking to a person. You're not talking to a camera. The camera doesn't care what you do, the people do. So let me get back to Sarah's story. You know, I asked her, I said, what did you do that really made a big difference? She says, well, I'm kind of a quirky person. I'm a little different. I have a little bit of a speech impediment. I'm tiny. I'm a woman trying to work at e-commerce. So what I ended up doing was a little dance at the end of my videos. She did a dance. You can check out her channel. She dances in her videos. Almost every time at this point, she'd do a little dance and I'm not saying you need to do a dance, but you do need to do something different, something that's going to seem different from everybody else because dancing in an e-commerce video doesn't really fit and that's good because it's different, right? You want to be different. You don't want to try to be the best. Don't forget I've got a course below there. It's a $97 course. If you really want to get ahead, grab that course. It's absolutely free. And I would check out these videos too, right here. I would check out these videos because they're really going to help you make more money online. I really appreciate you listening to this video and put your comments below, like this video, subscribe, bring the bell, turn on notifications, do all that stuff. And I'll see you in the next video.