My name is Jimmy his name is Jake and this is the weekly dumb nice hat Jake James nice cat You got a cat this weekend tell the people didn't get a cat didn't get a cat ooh But true any cats left in the NFL playoffs the cat teams Jaguars out. They're out Panthers out never been in bangles out No, no they're in okay Team We got cats we got gold diggers Yeah, we got cats and dogs this whole thing.  You're rooting for a man versus man. I'm a river man versus man cerebral or how about this bird versus bird verse cat Happens happens all the time too. So we're rooting for that. It's a good bird versus cat matchup Like each party sending like a good member of the birds like birds sending eagles is pretty good They got talent right and then the cats sending bangles. That's good. The seagulls won this year. It's stink. Mm-hmm. Yeah the Orlando doves Expansion team at the end of the episode. Let's each come up with a new bird team Okay, never kind of birdie did Pittsburgh penguins got my game You already mentioned a lot of the sports actually and we had some nice moments in the football this weekend We had we had a watch party.  Oh, you're doing again and look straight ahead. I think it's a is he does he cross his no Oh, you're just kind of my natural reaction when I say you're trying to see your time. I can't do it You can't do that without crossing your eyes.  Oh, there it is. He looks scary mine was too intense The ref saying everybody shut up It's classic like gym teacher mode. Yeah, and I liked who's on who was on the call Trebek was just like, okay Trebek Tariqa, who is it man? All right, P. Who was it? Tariqa do three different do young middle-aged and then old Alex for back That was the football what a weekend. What was this breakdown you're telling me about before all this tennis player the Australian opens Going on right now got his name again. Oh Alexander Zarev He got struck by bird poo. So he just starts feeling his hair and he's like, what was that? Is it raining and then it's bird That'd be like a four-year-old just telling the story have Did a little kid impression It's all little kids talk he ran out of batteries And then he has to call time out It's called time out and go fix it and the whole stadium is quiet They're like what and then when the stadium realized you can play the audio is that everyone just laughs at him He's kind of I think he's relieved They say this is good luck Which is just something you say to people when terrible things happen to them and it wasn't he he fell apart He lost which in a way It's true like from that moment going forward your luck should be better than a bird pooping on you Which brings us right into the more sports Jim the more sports and maybe you go bet on this at draft kings the bagel Fest Because that would get them canceled and sued and you're done They had their winter games rolled out this weekend and what an event it was you could tell by the videos I mean we don't have to put words to it, but I mean The bagel eating contest bagel stacking even bagel curling I got excited for this And I don't know yeah who led to the disappointment the article or the actual event because the bagel eating event Contest is just two men a ten-year-old kid The all the contestants in the middle are sitting and not even caring and the two on the sides are standing They definitely like raised hands before it's a weird thing who wants to go and like eight minutes is it? Why would eight minutes ever be the allotted amount of time? Why wouldn't it be ten from someone who used to be in the competitive eating world? They normally have different Denominate like I think hot dog is 12 I think you know depending what you're eating and what the human body can do well they ate five bagels and eight minutes I think we can beat that. I think the John Boy media office might have our own bagel feast and we beat that We could also be being horribly rude We I don't think I've ever tried to speedy to bagel, but every time I have I almost get like soaring the John like wow That's a lot of it is a lot of material Yeah, but we could do that. They also had a bagel stacking competition. We're gonna host the bagel feast Winterfest bagel stacking now really just depends on what kind of bagel right you order from It also just looked like they're like now the bagel stacking competition is about to begin if we still need Contestants if anyone would like to join the bagel stacking competition Please head to the main table by the lobby and five people showed up and I was your name there George It's not sports. It's eerily similar to this This not sports is a crime that I've solved for the good people of Wahaki, New Zealand I don't know how you say that why why does they're fed up? They're being tormented by a mysterious sausages in their mailbox for almost a year the anonymous surfdale Sausager places the sausage wrapped in bread and tomato sauce as is common in New Zealand in their mailboxes They say about once a month. They thought it was a drunk person who misplaced their dinner. They say here It's tearing my friend group apart. It's tearing Wahaki apart Can't be how you pronounce that because we don't know who it is Does he live by a school bus or a bus area because I'm gonna guess That there's a kid in the neighborhood whose parents give him this as his snack out the door on his way to school And he doesn't like it So he just walks walks walks hides it in a mailbox and keeps going because that's what kids do when they don't want to eat Food they just ditch it. I unfortunately think you went too far in this glass onion.  Oh, it's tearing my friend group apart Yeah, he's playing it up. That is the like when I lived in Australia, that's how you would have like how we do hot dogs That's how they do barbecue like sausage on the barbecue and then just in a piece of white bread with ketchup Mmm-hmm, and then some fairy bread to round it off very bread is just white bread butter and sprinkles Australian delicacy Sprinkles white bread butter sprinkles like rainbow sprinkles fun. It's fun Is that the end of the show sure isn't one final segment we do every episode well, that's the end of the show employee of the week It's a highlight of the show employee of the week for George you're George all of them This was requested someone said I nominate someone he got nominated We started nominating people people in the office can start nominating people to us We have to receive it, but I did think it was worthwhile. We are good We transformed our stream lounge into a code names arena arena and Mike Was a ringmaster Mike second might be a second. The first one was him on the jet. Yeah picture That was a while ago. So Mike wins employee of the week. It did come out really cool The videos will come out soon. We had Lawrence the band little Priori. I'm always scared I'm not gonna be Italian enough when I say the last night Today's episode of the weekly done was brought to you by DraftKings four teams remain But only two can play in the big game the BG DraftKings is an official sports betting partner of the NFL and new customers can bet just five dollars on either game and Instantly receive an additional two hundred dollars in bonus bets Download the DraftKings sportsbook app and use code dumb new customers can bet five dollars on any NFL playoff game and get 200 in bonus bets instantly.  They're smart these birds West Coast birds That's the new team when Oakland goes to LA the West Coast Las Vegas Birds are there any teams that are every kind of the animal like just cats like Kentucky's the wild cats It's pretty nice. Yeah, what do you think about it? No one's just a dog Jaguar and Panther I think same thing into the same thing same with the bobcat I think different places just call all those things the same thing Jaguar might be different because it might be black But mountain lion and Panther are the same thing Panthers the same as something else. What should I Google? Three cats are the same. Yeah, I think mountain lion and Panther are the same wasn't a good search for me I'm gonna be honest. Ooh the ocelot doesn't get talked about a lot a lot Oh Mountain lion and cougar mountain lion also known as the cougar the Puma the Panther all the same thing Hmm mountain lion cougar Panther Puma about that


This talk is Humus Sapiens by Julia Moritz-Scholley, Maldelasen and Maya Minda. And it's about their open-sile research. Please give them a great round of applause and welcome them to the stage. And if you have questions during the talk from the internet, please use our channels on IRC or Mastodon or Twitter and just use the hashtag Eliza. Are you guys ready? Totally. Awesome. Looking forward to it. Thank you for your introduction. And I'm glad you all made it here today. And yeah, we're really excited to tell you about our project. So to get started, we want to summarize like I would like to give an introduction, a short introduction into soil science, the definition of humus and some major facts to get us all on the same page here. And Julian will introduce the Humus Sapiens project and what it's all about. And after that, Maya will give a short introduction of open science and art. And we actually reserved 30 minutes of our time for an open discussion at the end because we think it's mostly very fruitful to have discussions rather than having a monologue on you. So we're really looking forward to that. And yeah, first thing, humus. So what comes in mind, it's probably that. And I can assure you it's really delicious. But we want to talk today about the soil, the humus soil. And therefore, we want to give you a definition of what soil actually is. And there are a lot of definitions. Historically, the science about soil arose from different perspectives, from scientific research, from ecological perspectives to agricultural perspectives. And the perspective really matters if you define something. So you can see it as a productive system for your agriculture efficiency. But you can also see it as a four-dimensional natural entity that actually is made of sand, silk, and clay, also a base layer of rock. And the soil actually develops over time by climate influences direct or indirect. And another content of soil is humus. And this is what we want to talk about today. And humus essentially is the dark layer that you see on the top, which is actually made of organic matter. And this organic matter, this humus part, is also found in deeper layers of the soil. So there's always a mobilization of humus by water, for example, in deeper soil levels. And the humus is super important for the soil because it contains the major part of carbon and nitrogen, which is essential for plant nutrition. And it holds a very complex and diverse multitude of species, fungi, bacteria, protozoa, atropods. They're countless of individuals per square centimeter. And yeah, it's massively influenced by climate factors. So to give you a short introduction about the complexity, I oversimplified with a little sketch I made it on my phone this morning. To give you a short introduction of the soil food web. It's actually, you can consider it as a bioreactor. It's a very complicated system. And to just give you an idea, the first stage, the first level of the soil food web is the photosynthesis. You can say it's the input parameter. So we have organic waste from bacterial residues. We have plant that give residues from the roots, but also plant matter like litter from the top. And all this is processed on the second level by the decomposers. And the decomposers are fungi, essentially bacteria. And the third level, they feed on those decomposers. Those are the shredders, grazers, or also pathogens. This is a protozoa, or amoeba in German. And the level four are predators. So the organisms, they grow larger. And then we come to a level where we have a lot of predators. They feed off the smaller organisms. And those are nematodes and atropods. And on the next level, we have, for example, larger animals like birds, or different kinds of mice. So one important thing to mention is that trees act as a nutrient pump or base pump, you can also say in science. So if you have a soil, you always have the release and the binding of carbon and nitrogen and this fixation and this mobilization that occurs is very important to understand that if you have water, like the rain is coming, and it flows down those nutrients that are released. So it's very important to have vegetation because the deep-rooting vegetation is actually sucking up those nutrients and bringing it up to the tree and every autumn it's falling down as leaves, for example. And those leaves accumulate in the soil top layer and will become humus. And this is very important to understand when we think about climate change and rising temperatures, the microbial activity will increase and this leads to more greenhouse gas releases. And to show you why this could be a problem already now with the rising temperatures, it's important to understand that the carbon stock distribution is, if you look at the latitude of our planet, on the southern hemisphere, the equator, this is where we are based right now and the northern hemisphere, you can see that the accumulation of carbon stocks in the deeper soil levels, so we are here at 150 centimeters, increasing the further you come to the north of the planet. And this is due to the fact that it's colder. So the microbial activity is slower, so the accumulation of carbon is increased. And even though that the vegetation stock is relatively low in comparison to the equator, the carbon stocks are really high. So if we speak about global temperature rise, we have to keep in mind that we will have an increase in microbial activity, prospectively. And you can also see there's also the greatest amount of soil microbial mass in the northern hemisphere. So another drawing from my phone, super important to mention as well is that vegetation covers from sunlight, it covers from wind erosion and also from water erosion. So if we want to preserve the fertility of the soil, the healthy soil, if we want to build up humus, it's very important to protect the soil. And there's a natural system that evolved over millions of years, and it doesn't need any maintenance and is actually sequestering that carbon forest. It's called a forest. And it's actually hosting all those microorganisms in all the varieties they have. And if we protect the systems that we have and we increase the number, we can actually sequester quite a huge amount of carbon. So there's quite a lot of studies about that topic. And I just read this morning that we could sequester roughly about 20% of the carbon emissions from the last 20 years if we plant 1.7 billion trees. And it's a rather cheap option to sequester all those carbon emissions. And our problem nowadays is that there's not enough drive, not enough force. And we have to deal with really inappropriate land management practices worldwide. And there is a tremendous amount of work we have to do. And this is the reason I will hand over the presentation to Julia now and why we started with the project. Thank you. Thank you very much, Manitou. You can all hear me. So yeah, it's my honor to introduce a bit about the project itself. Main questions, who, where, and what. And also, how did it all start? Here I would like to tell you a bit about the Clintile Biohack retreat in 2017. I see some people in the audience who have been there. And it was organized by wonderful Maya Minda, who will talk afterwards after me. And Marc Doucetier, also founder of Hectoria, who can unfortunately not be here today. And yeah, so at this retreat, we were sitting together and the three of us kind of developed the plan to work on soil and the future and then we had another meeting later. And we decided to basically integrate what we were doing already, so our own networks and throw them together to create something new and bigger. So with all those projects that people were involved, this is incomplete summary of the network, which was partly already there before the project and partly it grew together through the last two years of Homo sapiens. So there are universities involved, like Lucerne and Weimar. There's also Fab Lab and Hacker Spaces, Biohacker Spaces and Art Association and yeah, some communities and camps and yeah, several things all together. And yeah, then we thought we're so many people who are interested in these topics we should try to raise some money. And we did a crowdfunding campaign, we actually, we also hacked it a bit, I can tell you more about that later. So we got a bit of money, I would like to show you the video, how can I play it. Just to give you some impression of how it looked like there in Klöntal, so the footage is from Klöntal and so it's artists and hackers and biologists, makers, engineers, nanotechnologists, biochemists, all sorts of people coming together there and also filmmakers, so it was nicely documented, several short movies came out of that and so also people with their families, so kids were jumping around and we worked with what we found there, so we did excursions in the mountains and got inspired by everything that is around and yeah, tried to implement it in our daily work and yeah, a few interesting projects and also new collaborations came from that and that's also the spirit that we then integrated into the retreats in Homo sapiens, so it's about diversity, interdisciplinarity and this interdisciplinary collaboration and mainly about long-term projects, so it's not so much about finishing something within these few days but to think about what we want to focus on in the future and who we want to work with and also about having a good time together, so it's definitely meeting interesting people, yeah, yeah, I just, yeah, we integrated some images of what is going on right now and we suggested these two projects in the crowdfunding campaign to retreats and actually, no it's not working, actually we did much much much more, so there's a wiki which is even incomplete with all the stuff that happened within Homo sapiens in the last two years and it's been in 2018 alone three retreats and loads of workshops and yeah, I will shortly go through a bit of the where and what, so three pillars of Homo sapiens that I would like to introduce, one is the retreats, open collaborations, so you already know what it's about, we did one in Switzerland, we were sitting at the campfire a lot which was very great but we were also working hard and soldering stuff in the open and working on the soil respiration chamber, I will tell you later and we were talking a lot and doing a lot of excursions, so as you see we like to sit around in forests and we also did that in Germany a lot recently this autumn in the last retreat and yeah we also sometimes get into cities, this was in Stuttgart container city, in cities we like to sit on chairs and go to the local urban garden and get some samples there and yeah as I said before it's about getting together and yeah meeting interesting people and growing the networks together so this map of networks that I showed before, the people need to meet in real life, it's nice to collaborate online but it's much nicer to really sit together as you know here on the congress it's the same kind of thing, only a few more people, so the retreats were usually about 15 to 30 people and focused on soil, also Mark went to Finland for for quite a while to do some projects there and together with Maya they went to Indonesia, this year I had a three-day workshop in Lithuania where we found this wonderful soil profile in a local park which where you can see like the picture that Malta showed before the hummus layer and then the human waste layer and then the rocks, they were quite creative and in Slovenia maybe some of you know Pithkamp, I was there this summer, yeah but let's go to the second pillar the workshops so it's about sharing knowledge and making science accessible basically, also through open source instructions and just getting people again together to get their hands dirty and work with soil and we also again like to do excursions and be outside but usually those workshops are more in an urban setting because that's where the participants are, this was in Paris it's a bit harder to find the soil there and Fab Labs sometimes like Spaces hosted us to do workshops there, this was in Lucerne at the Fab Lab and this was in Berlin and in that case we go out with all the participants and we collect samples and we just have to bring the dirt inside basically, yeah to continue to work with it and we also did children workshops so it's again open for everyone and even old people sometimes join the workshops and at the end of these workshops it's usually a big mess maybe this is a bit dark but it's a table full of stuff and in this case this was in Stuttgart we afterwards just declared it to be an installation now so it was open for another two weeks I think and people could watch what the mess we were leaving after our workshops and retreat so and third one is the open hardware you are probably quite familiar with this stuff again on soil research so this is I'm not a real hardware soldering kind of person but I actually did assemble this soil respiration chamber it has been developed quite a lot further if you're interested look at the bacteria wiki it's well documented there's stuff on github but everything is there and it works really well and it also works with a solar panel if there's a lot of sun maybe use a bigger panel next time but it did work and yeah so I'm personally a biologist so I'm actually more interested in the wet wear so what about open wet wear maybe if you'd like to discuss about that later or outside in the t-tent or whatever I'm very open to that now I hope I kind of clarified a few questions on the project itself and would like to give over the word to Maya so hi everybody I'm Maya I'm not a biologist I'm not a geologist I'm not I'm coming from the arts and I'm calling myself now a fermentista so what I do I learned it all myself so I have this DIY approach I would like to give you my view on soil through fermentation which is a altered history on science as well a science which is 10 000 years old compared to academic science which is 150 years old and I want to talk about like how homo sapiens tries to open up disciplines as well to involve the people who are dealing with the soil because we're digging into the soil and touching it to grow gardens and there's this question is it enough to grow your own garden so your own garden at home in the city your shepherd garden or you have a farm and the question is is it and maybe it is so fermentation has been knowledge or a cultural heritage since 10 000 years old and people started to ferment as something which is magic as well like yeast itself has the Greek origin word of magia and they did not know what they do there because they couldn't see the microbes and the organisms but within those 10 000 years we developed something which is always regional adapted to the climate adapted to the soil as well and to the nature so fermenting means you become aware of your seasons in your country if you have seasons have seasons or not and you become aware about what is growing where and how and how it grows better and how to preserve the food how to make food more more tasty and less toxic so there's maybe the link to the soil as well because soil needs to feed us and the question is how are we going to feed us within the next 50 150 and 200 years so what I wanted to say is that we maybe can also say that we've always been bio hackers in that way that we always were dealing with the microbes and the organisms which I also like to call the invisible helpers and through fermentation science now has started to have this approach to talk about the holobiont or you can also say like the microbiome most of the people know about the microbiome we carry each one carries two kilograms of microorganisms inside himself but there's also the surrounding which is around us which we carry around us like a halo which we also exchange when we talk to people and which is always connected to the environment as well so through breathing through eating we are in continuous exchange with our environment within science which is mainly a male dominated sector there has been lin margillus and lin margillus she came up with the theory of the endogenesis so the the symbiosis and the idea of like how the eukaryotic cell maybe some of you remember remember from biology interesting biological classes so how so you see like the the microorganisms are divided by archaea probe eukarya and the bacteria so the step from the bacteria to the eukarya lin margillus made up this theory that it was made by one bacteria eating up the other bacteria and then instead of that just digesting it realizing hey we can also live in a symbiosis lin margillus she marked like a change of concept in biology of the history of evolution itself so when you go to charles Darwin as well charles Darwin he was marked by the term the survival of the fittest and lin margillus's concept is like contradicting this concept when the survival of the fittest has been as well emblematic for a slogan of capitalism and hyper capitalism we could now say that within the time of entropocene we could now maybe change back again to the idea of the symbiosis as well and what I also wanted to say that Louis Buster Louis Buster he marks also this time when we started to vaccinate ourselves so he's the inventor of the vaccination as well the inventor of fermentation so symbology and he I always say he was a promoter of how to haunt the germs down so through pasteurization there's this start of phobia against microbes and which has now been marked in agriculture how we try to erase just everything in the soil through fungicide has pesticide herbicides and try to break down this diversity which is maybe for humans invisible but it always been here and the forest as we had before as an example it always was self-sustaining and living for itself so through bacteria what we do in our workshops we try to make those microbes visible as well and we try to teach those beautiful pictures to bring them to the people as well because we're still human so we have our senses and the visual sense is something which is very strong like pictures talk more than thousand words and so to show the people that there is much more in a drop of water on the soil makes them also become aware of this invisible force so now again we are in the entropocene and I would maybe say let's just skip the entropocene and go further and I have one one interesting aspect of the entropocene is we can use this word entropocene or climate change climate warmth but the what was before the entropocene was the holocene and there's the parallelity as well the holocene also it started 9,000 10,000 years before so with the settlement of humans with humans becoming farmers as well so we just skip and we just skip agrar industry is the biggest industry in the world and it implies 1 billion people let me just skip let me just skip so here I just wanted to show you want to show you now small projects of people getting involved into soil or microbes and our projects those are mainly and projects which have a different approach of how to bring these things back to the people and I don't want to say like the Homo sapiens is like superior and da da da what I noticed is that more and more people are starting to distribute and show this knowledge in form of our pieces and practices as well so it's like similar it's similar like to fermentation it's started to become like a movement as well like a global movement farming urban farming urban gardens also community gardens and community farm and all those projects we all get involved to yeah this was the circular soil chromatography by Emilia Esgari and this is a really nice technique which is which is based on a technique of photography so invented 150 years ago so she uses silver nitrate and mixes it together with soil probes which she dilutes in water and this is the result we have afterwards after the test and what I think is the beauty in it here it combines the art with the science as well because for the interpretation of those samples you have to use the creativity creative potential of analyzing and interpretation and this is something which still belongs to the human not to the machines and so it's quite a beautiful way how pictures again the pictures can help to activate humans creativity as well this is a project I would like to introduce you because it's done by a single person in the city of Zurich this person Moris Maki he now becomes a lot of rewards for his project but he was doing this project flour gorilla since 30 years secretly and just just one person who was seeding seeding the whole city every small green quarter and square meter he found he would seed new seeds and within those 30 years suddenly the city of Zurich got really stroked about the diversity of plants and flowers we have within the city and so this shows for me this this is an example that it shows how um we might or um intoxicated about all the weight and heaviness of responsibility we have to take care about against global warming and stuff but how much just one person can do with consistency and as well with time this is another project about okay yeah so this is the last project I wanted to show you it's um from Sasha Spalach and um she works with um with the mycobacteria together which is uh just recently scientists found out that this bacteria lives in the soil and it has uh healthy benefits that it can improve your immune system and can make you happy so that's a wonderful finish isn't it okay so we like to thank you very much thank you so much guys so we have time now for some questions please queue up by the microphones and we'll get to you thank you so much and if you want to stay in contact we have a few options for you here um so the mycobiomic website was done by more truly my brother was sitting over there no wordpress no mailchimp nothing you can safely sign up to the newsletter um and a wiki forum twitter just write us an email whatever and if you really like what we do there's also several possibilities to support us um either through the website through the donations uh bitcoin um lightning yeah feel free so there are some people right microphone number two please uh yes first of all I would like to make a comment and I think it's really important also to stress that uh afforestation is not a very good tool for carbon capture because what we're doing is we're moving carbon from the geogenic uh from the geogenic space to a biological space and the biological space is labile highly labile as you can see with the forest fires so I think it's really important to consider that but I really like to talk nevertheless and um I would like to talk to you about maybe building a soil moisture sensor but maybe later on there are several versions of soil moisture sensors documented as well the the funniest is in the shape of a mole you can find it on the wiki um yeah but there are more serious applications the mole just makes sound and blinking LEDs according to the moisture but you can also plug it to uh some Arduino okay great I'll have a look at that thank you thank you microphone number three please maybe to the question or the common to me as well it was just a comment that we might if you want to discuss it now we can talk about it but there are other people also having questions I guess yeah maybe very short no you want to did I understand the question correct uh you you said reforestation is not a good choice well it's a it is good choice we should reforest definitely but we shouldn't view it as a carbon capture uh as a good carbon capture option because it biogenic uh I don't know how to say Speicher is very labile and what we're doing is when we're burning carbon in fossil fuels we're taking it from the soil or from actually a geogenic source yeah moving it to a biological storage so what you basically say is it's a fossil carbon stock that we release into the atmosphere exactly and by just uh you know capturing it via the biosphere we should actually put it back into the ground that's what you're saying right yeah it's not possible which is why afforestation is still a very good option because there are not so many other options but um it sometimes in a lot of newspaper articles it gives the impression that oh we can fix this we just need to plant more trees and that's just that's just one part of it it's also very real that trees are very vulnerable to storms to climate change to forest fires to land use change all these kinds of things and um what a lot of papers also don't consider is that they work with geodata of course but they don't um sometimes consider who is already living on that land and a lot of recommendations for afforestations yeah go to the global south where people actually use that land to live yeah um one comment to that the narrative is horrible because the narrative just implies that we can do business as usual and plant a few billion trees yes and that's the problem but i think anyway uh re-growing forests uh makes a lot of sense and also maybe food forests that we can actually use um but we can discuss about that later i think it's a too big topic our message would be that um it's not only saving saving the plant but not only planting tree but also create more humus so we forgot to talk about composting that's really bad yeah we should talk more about compost and there's this one technique of the pyrolyse uh pyrolyse oven you know and yes terra preta techniques where you burn like um those those things you can't put into compost so like citrus citrus skin and dried bread and stuff and you paralyze it make carbon out of it and then you can put it back to the i think there's always small ideas like creative solutions which we can use yeah but we're speaking about like large scale carbon sequestration here and maybe next question next question i mean it's a super important topic i mean just give your input i mean if you're interested just shout out your questions i mean should be a living full discussion right so i think it's a very very important point and we can talk a lot about that um probably we skip it for later and just listen to the other questions and i think the topic will rise again and i have way more things to say about that but let's listen to the next i'm just around so we can talk about it sure thanks a lot microphone number three please yes thank you very talk i found your workshops they look very interesting and you said a lot about it but i still have no clue what actually you did could you get a bit more into detail what exactly you were exploring and the workshops or the retreats the workshops you did and also the the field explorations and stuff with all the sensors and yeah so the workshops are mainly so what i call a workshop is usually like a three hour format or something like that sometimes it was longer but that's around the shortest that i did and that's more or less science communication that it's getting city people to dig in the soil and doing microscopy with it and seeing whoa it's full of life there's it everything's going on in there and within this retreats the the combinations of workshops we do is always based on the participants so it's changing every retreat is changing a lot and we start with like brainstorming we get our idea like people introduce themselves and tell about what they have to teach to the others and so it's this idea of unlearning and do it together as well so i think if you want to describe it science communication yeah but what kind of research did you do you had this field explorations with all the sensors i still have no clue what you were looking for actually so what i'm interested in is the microbial life and i will just while the next question is asked put a few videos of microscopy i'm trying to get a clue with low tech equipment get a clue of the microbial diversity in the soil and activity the activity is relatively easy if you just abstract it and say it's equivalent to co2 so then you can use the soil respiration chamber and and measure the co2 and you get a rough activity you don't get like how much nitrogen is fixed of course but we can work on that in the future and with microscopy actually low tech microscopy you can get an idea about the diversity i'm still not sure how well it works nowadays if you talk with soil scientists i did a lot of talking with soil scientists they all say ah this is old school we all do metagenomic sequencing that's the only thing how to do it now and might be true might be also like a bit too much for what we want to do like have a simple tool for gardeners to assess the soil quality but we might also work on metagenomic sequencing it gets cheaper and easier accessible every day basically so next year maybe we talk about that it's about breaking down science but also the approach from the other side bringing science so low tech approaches for for people and community also mainly community yeah i mean we are at the brink of a fundamental change how we do agriculture how we do our economics and i think we're we're trying to be on the forefront of that and try to deliver knowledge try to like we're still in the process of involvement so to to look okay what kind of solutions do we need what kind of research do we need to do what kind of workshops do we need to perform it's a matter like it's a it's a very organic process i would say yes and and those are fun and so the idea of open services everybody can make it yeah great thanks a lot and we have a question from the internet please are you aware of any open accessible do-it-yourself methods to detect heavy metal pollution in the soil should i yeah i know of a project in indonesia at the live patch with some collaboration partners who basically work with i don't know which species but they grow microorganisms that are sensitive to heavy metals and by doing a dilution basically and growing them you can see you can see what amount of heavy metals you have it's not specific like you can say this is which kind of heavy metal is in there but you can see that there's something very toxic in there and roughly how much if you standardize it on on on some stock solutions where you know the concentration and also a small tip most of the documents are most of the projects are documented on the hectarea wiki and there's also a forum which is freely accessible it's hectarea forum forum hectarea dot org and you can just ask questions inside the forum which then links to a great network of artists DIY scientists and people who are talking on this topic thanks a lot microphone number two please hi great thanks for your really really interesting talk i have two short questions so the first one is what is the microorganism which was mentioned in the last or what is the exact name of the microorganism mentioned in the last project um which makes our immune system active and makes us happy yeah this is the mycobacterium but i can i can write it down for you or something like that or they call it golden bacteria also have you heard of it before but you can it's and no not yet unfortunately that's that's the thing that's why we become happy if we do garden but one one one thing to that i think it's also a bit of oversimplification uh science always tries to get the one bacterium that does something nice like that's the one you need to be healthy and then you can buy it in the pharmacy and eat it and then you're healthy but i think that's not how it works it makes a good news headline definitely drink more kombucha yes but if you if you look at the human gut uh but diversity is actually the key to stability and therefore a stable health psychological health yeah good good health healthy food and gardening composting composting makes you happy dirty okay thanks and my second question is when is the or have you planned any retreats for the upcoming year when and where uh yes um the idea to be in Slovenia sometime in 2020 came up about there's no fixed date or anything but there's a newsletter and we rarely send it like every two months or something but if we send it then there's news in there or again like like you can you can organize one yourself or you can invite people as well just get in touch yeah if you have a place and buy this take a hint thank you microphone number three please okay i'm a supporter of the project already and i would like to um ask if whether they already had experiences in a context with for example pollution from toxic waste i come from Napoli and there's a abnormal incidence of certain kinds of cancers and malformations of my uh i'm trying to develop a project a sort of a research lab uh with the projects similar to this for detection of low cost distributed detection of mutagens for examples i don't know if you have a previous experience with this i i heard you probably this is a more general question of the one or the previous one about heavy metals so so far i mean so far we don't have um techniques but i know like the heavy metals how to measure them is mostly by spectrometry and there's even people here in the audience who do they build or they give workshops on diy spectrometry build like build your own spectrometer which is actually it's not so difficult you have arduinos and small cuvettes and and this is the first approach about detecting them and then for sure there must be some mushrooms around which can help us the mushrooms would actually be then remediating the soil so to get all the toxic stuff out that's what the mushrooms do it doesn't they yeah depending on the mushroom depending on the soil it's i wouldn't say it's an easy approach excuse me well i to be honest i don't know too much sorry um yeah the mushrooms are not enough he just said it's the mushrooms are not enough to get the heavy metals out of the ground yes yes i just saw some statistic that um the most use of fungicide is mainly by uh fruit tree plantages so like all kinds of apples pears and peaches and things and like massively use of fungicides and there are some people who say like that on the countryside you have you have less fungi than inside the city because we are using fungus fungi sites inside the city makes sense thank you and microphone number two please yeah thanks a lot i wanted to ask a practical question um there is a small forest in brandenburg that i wanted to a forest three forests because it's like it's a very sad forest it only has this key for i don't know in english just need needle trees and so also the soil is like only these needles and looks very sad so i wanted to ask if it would be maybe a good idea to get a small soil samples from other places so that some mushrooms can grow there or what if you have any tips there um yeah in germany what's happening right now is the so-called wild umbau it's it's a transformation of our forests back from those coniferous trees or in that case pine trees to a broad leaf tree forest or a mixed forest and this is essentially the best measure you can take so by just changing the kind of vegetation you have you don't have to bring in any compost you don't know just just leave nature do the work for you so what you can do is i mean i don't know the site i don't know how the stock actually looks like but you can thin it out and plant manually or if you have a broad leaf trees around your site they would actually seed and germinate if they have the right conditions but it's totally up to the stocking and the kind of trees we can have a discussion about that later this is actually my major this is what i studied so you can i also live in Brandenburg so i know i know about those forests and i know that the problem is that the soil of those uh yeah needle humus is very very acidic so yeah there's not much life in there but just come to me after the discussion and i will explain to you what you need to do thank you but very yeah as far as i understood if you just do nothing it will transform by itself because our climate is not appropriate for those trees only the mountain climate but he wants to experience yeah yeah sure you want to accelerate it a bit yeah there's also the example of the lotar lotar um uh storm storm yeah storm there was a huge storm in 2008 in switzerland which uh broke down many many thousands of trees and big square kilometer and by then it was a catastrophe and now 12 years later they found out that those trees which are re-growing there by nature those are mostly like birches and trees that are much better adapted to climate warm as well so like nature is reinstoring itself and then another another direction is also that people start or scientists they start to imply um um microbes around seeds so they provide the seeds with natural uh resilient like resilient um self defense as well so this is this is the whole idea of uh bio fertilizer as well like how to bring back the microbes into the soil and i think for for land which is devastated and you have no organic living anymore you can as well help so vermicompost as well that's the nicest thing you do you just if you have too much soil when you do produce soil through vermicompost you just threw it out into the street yes yeah she's bringing in a lot of different topics now if you want to get into um mycorrhizae and why you have to bring in spores sometimes we can also go into that uh conversation i can teach you probably something about that um and uh yeah the the storms that you were speaking about um and the vegetation that is arising after that is called p and v it's the potential natural vegetation that is actually adapted to the site and um if you if you leave uh a conventional um it's a plantation you can call it so if you if you have a pine tree forest it's it's basically a plantation of really young uh same aged trees for uh wood production wood pop production or whatever so it's an industrialized agricultural site you can say so if you leave it it will die sooner or later uh insects will come storms will come and it it's just eradicating all the plans that are not naturally adapted to the site so you can just leave it and do nothing and everyone will complain oh my god the the bark beetle is coming and it just kills all the trees but it's natural they're not adapted so yeah next question great thank you so much and uh microphone number three please thank you so much for the presentation and sharing this beautiful collaboration project um i come from an art science background as well so i'm familiar with the language however from what i've seen um with um international environment policies and also our economic driven industries we are mostly focusing on carbon emissions and how to measure our impact on the environment through that and minimizing and our industrial impact based on this without noticing that biodiversity and soil health is more essential to planet health and our overall sustainability whatever um we like to call it um so i will my question is more of i would like to ask you to share your visions on for example science communication how can we convey the idea to the majority of the population who are under you mentioned anthropocentric perceptions so we are fundamentally separating our human population from nature and majority of the people would still found and soil being dirt and would like to everything to be sterile and cleaned in our human perceptions these are what's what i'm struggling in in my life because personally i love nature i love like swim in soils and forests and dust and everything so i just would like to i would like to um um ask you to share your visions how we can share this love for nature with others thank you some short words so sharing the love spreading the love is really nice that you say it like that we also sometimes talk about social humus building social humus within those retreats and it's i think the way to go is to involve your direct surrounding your family your friends and so on and start talking with them about these things and people who really never get out of the city just take them out of the city but i'm actually not that optimistic that we we just spread this love and then everything will change and be fine i think there's a much more fundamental problem um uh deeply rooted in our capitalist society and we need really a fundamental system change and talking about reducing emissions especially talking about reducing emissions doesn't help and uh in reference to the soil what um what i usually use are just two very simple numbers one is from the united nations which talks about the certification so erosion and it's something really insane like 23 billion tons of soil that we lose each year due to land mismanagement praxis it's hard to imagine this number and i still didn't come up with a good comparison but it's not that the soil gets less good and that we lose humus or fertility no it's gone it's the ground beneath our feet is gone it's washed into the rivers into the oceans that's the one thing with the rest that is still here in our so-called developed countries we like to build things on them so in german we have a nice word for that it's called flächenfrass so eating up the country and it describes the conversion from agricultural land and forest to building land and each day in germany at 61 hectares for that i have a comparison so the big glass hall at the center of this place here is two hectares so about every 47 minutes this area is lost um and this goes on day and night day and night cities are growing and growing and growing and growing infrastructure is growing we build logistic centers everywhere it's just quite crazy and we need to embrace a real um yeah degrowth economy and degrowth political system whatsoever how it might even look like i mean 2019 has been a good year for us at least that i think the word of climate change is the the word of 2019 um so to talk if language is a virus as well like this is communication communication about sharing ideas and thoughts and concepts and with with this phobia of dirt and microbes as well like through fermentation again you can teach the people like building up your microbiome because babies are born sterile is to let them play in dirt and this is this this basic knowledge like you have the first three years to build up your microbiome is slowly slowly like sedimenting in society as well so this first experience as a child with nature as well is most important yeah thank you yeah thanks um yeah i think education knowledge is the base um to understand something and to protect it i mean if you know about the vulnerability of the systems that we're living in and how much we depend on them uh it's obvious that uh we shouldn't speak about uh protection of nature as some yeah i don't know detached entity that we are not connected to but we should actually speak about the conservation of uh human um living conditions or human preservation human habitat preservation or something probably we relate more to it then because if you argue uh about um topics like that especially to people who are totally into that capitalistic world uh they're also they're always really detached to it and our language is also detaching us from those biospheres from those ecosystems but we're not and uh basically i think there's just a big lack of knowledge and that's the reason i'm i'm working with julian because i i believe in this alternative uh how um yeah um simplified yeah or yeah alternative simplified DIY hacking um environment because we can provide provide the knowledge in my from my perspective that is very important that probably people wouldn't have access to otherwise yeah by enjoying and sitting inside the forest on the ground and looking at whiteboards great thank you so much i think the discussion has to continue maybe outside uh we don't have time for any more questions but thank you so much my impression is that you guys will hopefully be around to just answer something out here maybe a bit more elaborate but thank you so much and please give them a great round of applause


Good afternoon, everyone, and welcome. Welcome to the Stockswish Show market review of the QQQs. Boy, the market fell today. Actually fell right out of the game from the open. Bounced at 10 o'clock and I thought that would hold, but it didn't. Why didn't it hold? Bind and come in to hold the market up at that point. So there was some, okay, but it was not enough to support the market today so it continued to fall. And shorts have been coming into this market. That's why you have this series of red days in here. There's some shorts and there's some panic selling going on. But nothing that's happening not even today is institutional selling. I know this is hard for people to see the way that I see it, but it's just not. Market is still holding the first support level. Ten minutes before the close on Wednesday, Thursday, Wednesday, Thursday. Ten minutes before the close, the support level on the market, the next support level, the first support level is 99. Market is still holding that even with the drop off today. So I have no idea what we do tomorrow morning. No clue. Okay, let's take a look at it. So we could have rallied today. We did not. I just don't care. We could have rallied today, but we didn't. So at this point, I feel that we actually, I felt that we were going to hold today. I felt that even if we had a red body that we would have a tail today, or that we could flip actually, but once we broke the low, then whatever time that was, I'll go back and look at it. It wasn't going to happen.  Now, this, given the way that the shape of the bar looks today, what time did we break it? It was around lunch. We actually could have sold off more.  So there was buying that came in to support the market today, or we would have sold off more. In fact, we would have not only come down to 99 would have broken. It's just a question of when the bulls are really going to step right in and carry this market on through again. And it could have been today. It could have been today. It could be tomorrow. Could be the next day. Actually, markets closed Monday, Tuesday. So the reality is that sometime soon, I don't know when the bulls will step in and buy back into this market. And there are shorts that are in here now for the longer term, which is not the right thing to be doing, but there are. There's some selling that's coming in, but I think this was actually more, well, it was a combination today. I shouldn't say that. No, it was a combination day because there was some panic that happened here, followed through in the day. And then when people get up and see that, then they get scared and want to sell. They get scared and want to sell. That's what happened today.  So it's a combination of shorts and selling that's happening here in the market, but none of it's institutional selling. But you have the combination of the shorts and some people selling, then you do have the red. You have the red in here. Now, buying did support the market today at the least level resistance, which was 99, and it didn't get anywhere near it. Low of the day was 99.65. Are we testing this now into the close? And again, I don't know where we end up tomorrow morning. I don't know if we get down, we get up, we get neutral, but I do know the market's still strong. I do know the market's going to get bought sometime soon. I don't know when. Okay. I will not know until I actually see the gap setting up. Today was not a great bullish gap to buy. Okay. I thought today was going to be neutral, either neutral slash bullish or neutral slash bearish, but I thought we would hold better than we have today, meaning I did not think we'd break the low from yesterday. Does that mean we're flying off the planet? No. Does it mean it changes anything here with the look of this for the short term or the long term? The answer is no. No, no, no. So and really now that I'm looking this here at the way that this we broke from yesterday's low and the way we sold off out of the gate, this really should look much more bearish than it does. I know this bar looks bearish today because it's red. I know the high of the day is up there around one-on-one, something, and we're down here and we dropped a dollar or more. But the fact is that it still should have been more today if this was really what I would have seen in something to say, something that could be a problem. I don't know if that makes any sense. So given the fact that we traded like this today, there was buying that came in that did support the market somewhat despite the fact it's red. Otherwise, this would look much, much worse to the downside today. And that's really just it. So even though we're red today, there was buying that came in to support the market today at this level, it's still holding the first level of support. Otherwise, the market would have sold off hard today and continue to sell off hard today and continue to be pushed down because really the way that this shaped itself here this morning and the way it broke could have been so much worse and would have been so much worse if it didn't look the way it did, which is that buying came in to support it. Okay, so I just want to look at something here actually. It's, this stuff is really great. That's all I have to say. So yeah, we're going to hold. I see it there. So again, I don't know where I don't know where we got tomorrow morning. And if we get down, we fall through any gap down tomorrow from the sell off today, I don't know if we, I actually think we might sell off a little bit here tonight in the post market because we're kind of selling off here to the close five minutes for the clothes. So we could sell off a little bit more here in the premark post market tonight, but pre market tomorrow morning, I that I don't know where we got up or down or neutral. But we're still going to hold. Okay, so what can I say, you know, I got to just be honest and say what I see, continue to read everything, continue to read the gaps. We did get up this morning and fail in the bullish gap up this morning. That's true. But it wasn't that great of a one. It wasn't that great of a wasn't going to go long aggressively out of the gate. Okay. In fact, let's look at the first couple of minutes of the day and even look at that. Yeah, we will sell off goes market tonight here we're doing right now. That wasn't anything that big of a deal. All right, I just want to look at that. I just want to say there was something there that really wasn't anything there today. There really wasn't anything there today to indicate that we were going to drop like this. Anyways, it wasn't bearish day in the market and you had a lot of things you could have shorted probably, but I have a feeling that the best things were actually strong stocks that kind of fell in with the market where people took profit. And I haven't looked at a lot of the things things that I know are strong, but I have a feeling that's how the day shaped up, which again, you know, how can you possibly short stuff like that? That's not what I do. I didn't trade this afternoon. It wasn't a more, it wasn't an afternoon to trade. I had a great morning. There was no reason to take any of the trades after the first trade I did this morning. I had a great train and it worked completely independent of the market as many times gaps do. So whether you were long or short in something this morning or whether you shorted the market or everything in the planet today because the way the market ran, this market is still going to hold. This market is still strong. And I'm just seeing when I looked at the bigger picture, there's something that I hadn't seen before. So it just confirmed what I know. So I don't know where we gap tomorrow. We could go either way tomorrow, meaning we could drop further, farther, haul to the secondary levels for break 99, go down to the next level. Okay. But you know, I wouldn't even be surprised. I wouldn't even be surprised if we gap down tomorrow morning and flipped or just skipped up. I mean, this is just a timing factor here where the bulls are going to come back in because they will and they're going to soon. Okay. It is January 15th, early in the year. Markets closed Monday. So Friday could have a lot of volatility actually considering the fact the markets closed Monday. And I do think there's some e-con out. And plus the day we had today. So really nice day in the stocks we showed live trading run today. Just hit it and nailed it out of the game. I've just got to continue to do what I do, look at everything, exactly the way that I see it. I have an excellent eye for these things. And the market is definitely still higher. You could not have bought the market today and made any money. I wouldn't have suggested that, but the reality is that the market is still higher. And there are people that are short this market and they keep getting confirmation that the market for their perspective is lower because of a series of lower highs and lower lows and the red days in here. But again, you have to understand how to read this. And the fact is, even though the market was red today and I know this, if you don't know what I know, you don't understand this, but just listen to what I'm saying. The market supported itself today. There was buying that came in that supported the market today against the selling action and the shorting. Otherwise it would not look like this. It would look far worse. It would have come down harder, broke 99 and probably gone to 98 or beyond. So there was buying that came in here today. And I see it. I see it because I know how to reprice action. Otherwise you look at this today and you say, we're falling off a planet, but we're not. This is not falling off a planet, not even close. Okay. So there was buying that came in to support the market today. It's there. It's in there and I see it. All right. Have a great day. Everyone have a wonderful evening. This is the QQQ market review of the stock swoosh. There is a gap class that I'm planning for the end of the month, January 24th and 25th. If you want to learn how to trade gaps and get the calls like I made in the room today, outstanding room and today I just rocked it. Okay. Really, really, really on my game, January, earning season hits here, everything, the volatility, all the discourse I've had about how 2015 is going to be a great year to train. Here you have it. Here you have it. Great example today, not just in the market, but the stock that I traded and it's off to a running start. Have a wonderful evening everyone. If you'd like to sign up for the next golden gap class, email me at melissa at thestockswish.com.


Love him or hate him, Logan Paul is taking over the internet.  And at 23, it looks like you might actually get there. Famous and sometimes infamous, he is the fastest growing creator in YouTube history to hit 10 million subscribers. What's going on guys? My name is Paloma Lopez and you are watching the before and after transformation of Logan Paul. In this video we will explore how the star has transformed both his style as well as his physique in the times before and after his fame. As always let me know in the comment section who you'd like me to document next and let's get to it. Logan and his little brother Jake got their start on the now defunct Vine app. Initially Jake had a few hundred more followers which inspired Logan to set out on a competition to beat him. After the competition snowballed and the brothers, they both got really famous. Born literally on April Fool's Day and ranked as the 10th most influential Viner before it closed down, Logan started a YouTube channel where he uploaded daily vlogs. It took him under a year to amass 10 million subscribers. Currently he's at 18 million, 2 million more than his brother so I guess all that hard work did pay off in the end. In terms of his style, Logan opts for a more casual look. But it's not surprising that the guy likes to wear whatever makes him money. And I'm talking serious money. From his earliest YouTube uploads at 13 years old, we can see that the young Logan was already printing custom shirts and promoting them in his videos. Nowadays the enterprising comedian took this to the next level as he launched his very own clothing line labeled Maverick that he promotes and wears at every opportunity. The brand mostly includes casual t-shirts, hoodies and backpacks with the signature parrot logo and sometimes a low gang stamp. It has been a staple in his wardrobe for years to the point where fans are expecting him to be wearing this merchandise more often than not. It turns out that there's another more established clothing brand with the same name that has threatened to sue Logan. They allege that since people often confuse the two brands, the YouTuber's recent involvement in controversies has caused their sales to decrease. Do you guys think that's a fair lawsuit? Let me know what you think in the comment section down below. The odd time Logan does break out of his clothing line, the young star prefers to dress Gucci. I'm not even surprised that this is the same guy who woke up one day and decided to buy a school bus for no reason. In terms of Logan's overall physique, he has never really been unfit, but each year he does seem to be bulking up more. When asked why fitness and a healthy image were so important to him, he had this to say. The way I see it, if you want to be great, you have to do things that no one else is willing to do. I'm a huge fan of Dwayne The Rock Johnson and he inspires me like crazy. I know he always says, be the hardest working in the room, I love you Rock, screw that, be the hardest worker in the world. In this line of work, both fortunately and unfortunately, your image can play a huge part in your success. I'm constantly showing my face and my body and that's my brand. Hell, beyond my brand, that's who I am. More importantly, it's my job and responsibility to inspire others. Just like The Rock inspires me, it's my duty to inspire any of my followers to work their hardest so that they can reach their full potential. Regardless, these days, his fitness training will prove more important than ever. His scheduled fight with KSI is just around the corner. This event has escalated to the point where it has become a Mayweather vs. McGregor throwback, with millions expected to tune in on the live stream and watch. But regardless of the outcome, this legendary prankster is expected to walk out of the fight with a fatter bank account. So guys, thanks for watching. If you did like this video, please don't forget to hit subscribe and comment down below who you think will win this fight, Logan who's never entered a boxing ring or KSI. Until next time.


Let's look at the trachea. The trachea is a tube, and the difference between the trachea tube and the digestive system tubes is that the trachea tube is actually rigidly open. Does this make sense to you? The structure of the trachea keeps it open, which enables its function. The structure of the esophagus, is it important to have some sort of structure to hold the esophagus open? No. In fact, it's probably better to have the esophagus kind of flop closed if there's nothing in it, because if it was just staying open, maybe stuff from below would easily come out. Let's try to avoid that. So the main difference between the trachea, which is just a tube, it has all the same layers as the digestive tubing. So we're going to have a mucosa. We're going to have a laminopropria, a submucosa. The main difference is that we have to have something that holds the trachea open. And guess what it is? It's cartilage. It's actually, I'm going to tell you, the tissue type. It's hyaline cartilage. Hyaline cartilage. And the good news is, we're going to talk about hyaline cartilage. We're going to spend an entire day being cartilage and bone tissue. And so this is a little bit of a preview to that. But we end up with these hyaline cartilage C-shaped rings that have the C, the open-ended C part of the ring on the posterior surface. So check it out. You can totally see that here. Here's my C. It's coming around. This is all cartilage. And this is the open part of my C. And in fact, that is connected. There's a muscle in here called the trachealis muscle that connects the two ends of the C. And when the trachealis muscle contracts, it decreases the diameter of the trachea. This happens if you cough. It's a reflex that if you start coughing because you're like smoking or something and so you should quit smoking. It makes it easier to cough stuff up. It makes it easier to generate more force to cough stuff out of your trachea because your trachea has a smaller diameter. Like if you tried to blow through a really small hole, I can generate a great deal of force in the air that's coming out. But if you try to blow through a really big hole, that doesn't generate the same amount of force. In fact, I generated force by making the hole smaller with my lips, which is whatever. The idea is that if you make the diameter smaller, it's going to, you're going to be able to generate more force to cough out whatever is in your trachea and making you cough. Did you understand what I just said? I hope so. The trachealis muscle, which connects the two ends of my C, it also allows the trachea to kind of stretch. In fact, it allows you to swallow a giant mouthful of ice cream and that ice cream going through your esophagus, which is posterior to your trachea, that giant ball of food can actually push in on the trachea and not like take up more space as it passes through. Does that make sense?  Aren't you glad that that didn't happen? Okay, trachea. Let's look at the histology of the trachea with my favorite histology tool from the University of Michigan. Ho, ho, ho, ho, ho. Look, I'm going to show you what Kylan cartilage looks like and all cartilage looks very similar, but let's zoom in. Where are you going to expect? What looks like where would the lumen do you think be? This is actually my lumen. Let's go in and take a look at our... I want to cry right now because that's how much I love histology. Look at how beautiful, what? What kind of tissue is this?    But look, pseudo-stratified, ciliated, columnar epithelium. Don't you just want to cry?  No. And who's this? My friend, the submucosa. And let's zoom out a little bit more and see if we can find, I mean, that was my laminopropria. And now we're in the submucosa. And what is this? Really? Does it... I mean, quintessential. Those are tracheal glands.  Quit smoking. And they're embedded in the submucosa. Piece of cake. And now what in the world is that? That's hyaline cartilage. And I'm telling you, that might be one of my very favorite tissues of all time next to pseudo-stratified alumnus-siliated epithelium and transitional epithelium and smooth muscle. I love histology. Look at this thing. That is your tracheal cartilage. Wow, really? I mean, that's really awesome. And we'll look at cartilage in more detail, but can you identify that?  We have to be in the trachea. We have to be. And then go ahead and take a look at the pseudo-stratified-siliated columnar epithelium, and then you know you're in the trachea. Now, the trachealis muscle is... Okay, there is one little end of my C. The trachealis muscle actually travels all the way over to the other end of my little C. I can get there. Look at all those glands. There it is. There's the other end. This looks like my skeletal muscle, or my trachealis muscle. Holy glands, I love it. And what kind of tissue is this? Yeah, adipose tissue. Okay, I'll stop because I could seriously do histology all day long. I'm a nerd like that. Let's talk about your lungs.


Welcome to the Lynn Benton Community College Moodle Student Orientation video. My name is Paul Tannehill and I'm one of the eLearning Systems Administrators here. Now you might hear the term eLearning or LMS or Moodle used interchangeably around here. Basically Moodle is simply our open source learning management system or LMS. You can use Moodle in any modern desktop browser. Just make sure you keep that browser updated and you'll be fine. I'm going to be covering in this screencast how to locate our Moodle system, how to get logged in, what's your username and password, how to find your courses, basics like that, and how to find and get support in case you can't get logged in successfully or you can't find your courses. Let's go ahead and get started. Here we are at the College Home page at LynnBenton.edu. We're excited to announce that you will soon have access to all of the apps that you use as a student with one username and one password and that username will always be your LBCC ID number. It's important to understand that you're not logging in directly into Moodle or the other apps, but you're logging into the single sign-on system which then logs you in to the various apps. Another nice aspect of single sign-on is if you're logged into one of your systems through single sign-on, you're logged into all of your systems. Now, there are two basic ways of getting into Moodle. One might be familiar to you, the orange Moodle logo in the upper right. Going that route would take you directly to your Moodle dashboard. Another route in the Quick Links menu down to single sign-on. For now, let's go through the orange Moodle logo. At this point, I am not signed into single sign-on. Let's take a look. Here is a single sign-on login page. Now, if you haven't logged in here before, be on the lookout for a message from the Student Help Desk with instructions on how to claim your account. Again, your username is always your LBCC ID number, and if you forgot your username or you forgot your password, these links will help you get in right away. The Student Help Desk is equipped to help you with single sign-on issues. Let's go ahead and get logged in. Notice the little progress bar at the very top of your browser. It might take a few seconds. In your course overview section of your dashboard, on the courses tab, pay attention to the in-progress, future, and past buttons. Now, if you're not seeing a course that you think you should hear in your dashboard, it might be one of a few different things. Let's cover those. First of all, it might be that your course doesn't use Moodle. It might be that your instructor hasn't made your course available to students yet, or your instructor hasn't set up Auto One Role for students. In that case, the solution is to ask your instructor. It might be that you are on the waitlist for that course, though, and or you may have opted out or have been opted out of student email. In that case, we recommend going over to the Message and Registration Department where they can fix the issue and then you'll see your course pop up here in your Moodle dashboard. You can reach the Student Help Desk at student.helpdesk at lindbenton.edu. The phone number is<PHONE_NUMBER>, and also it's located in the library on the Albany campus. We're here to support your education. We hope you've enjoyed this screencast and give you some good information on how to get access and get started using Moodle. Have a great term.


This is stock number 11081. We are here at Summit Automotive in Fond du Lac, Wisconsin. You're new and used light-duty truck headquarters today. We are checking out this super clean 2017 GMC Sierra 1500 crew cab short box This truck has the 6.2 liter v8 motor which pumps out 420 horsepower. This truck has been fully Safetyed and inspected by our service shop has a fresh oil and filter change all the fluids have been checked and Topped off it has four brand new tires and this truck is 100% ready to go Summit white is the color. We shoot all of our videos in 1080p 60 frames per second So if you have HD capabilities on your computer tablet or a smartphone device turn them on right now Because it is definitely your best way to check out the quality and condition of the truck before seeing it in person This one comes with KMC painted alloy rims, and it has brand new Nexon Rodion LT 275 55 R20 tires on here. We put those on in our safety inspection So they are brand new all the way around from fender is in excellent shape. I didn't see any dents or dings on that does come with the HID headlamps the LED running lights and the LED fog lamps Front bumper parking sensors and the front bumper itself is in excellent shape I didn't see any dents or dings on that. The grille is in really nice condition as well and the rest of the hood No dents or dings on there pastner side Front fender is in nice shape, too And that pastner side rim no scuffs or scrapes on there, and that tire is brand new as well As you go down this side of the truck take note of how clean the body is how reflective That paint is We take these HD videos So if you're far away or even if you're close by and just cannot make the trip down You can still see the truck hear the truck and have confidence in the vehicle that you're looking at before you even get here So that when you do get here, there's absolutely no surprises And that's why we offer the summit auto fast-pass option in the upper right hand part of your screen a link right to our website Where you can apply for financing get pre-approved see a payment quote even appraise the trade all from the comfort of your own home So when you get here, all you got to do is drive the truck love it. We'll be all set to go back rim is in pretty nice shape the only thing I saw is on the Lugnut cover there just a couple little scrapes back tires are brand new as well and other done a little bit of dust frame and underbody Not much corrosion Body is really nice underneath and the lower rockers all look really good on this truck As we come around to the back of the vehicle rear bumper does have the parking sensors there The in bumper steps will say there is a little bit of a ding right there Maybe a little bit of a bulge right there, but other than that this trucks pretty Clean all the way around other than that rear bumper a couple little Imperfections, but it is a used truck has a factory soft tonneau Spray and bed liner has that shock down assist tailgate and it does come with LED Bed lighting up there and some side box tie-downs So it's nice and solidly and as you go down this side of the truck just as clean as that passenger side No dense or dings on the box And for full disclosure this back rim Is in excellent shape as well and the tire is brand new does have the z71 off-road suspension package and Down the rest of the side of the truck looks really good No dense or dings on those doors You do get the built-in directional signals and heated mirrors as well as the driver side blind spot mirror inside the SLT package gives you the tan leather interior there are no rips there are no tears on the seats Both of these seats are heated and cooled in the front Does have a very nice set of weather tech floor mats throughout power windows power locks power mirrors and memory driver seat These mirrors do power fold in now He's like showing both sides so that you know that all the options are working has the factory brake controller turned out four-wheel-drive and auto headlamps As we hop inside the truck here We'll start it up. You can see that this one has 57,000 596 miles instrument cluster is very nice and clean Heated leather wrap steering wheel Bluetooth and information center controls on the right cruise controls and forward collision warning controls on the left as well as your heated steering wheel controls this one comes If you ever want to see how many gears your transmission has on these GM's you just put it down to L This is an eight speed automatic and then you just hit the Tap up and that'll tell you your highest gear This one does come with the GMC and tele-link system with AM FM and Serious XM radio capabilities as well as the factory navigation system You do get a CD player there as well And then you have your projection manager where you can project your cell phone to the screen via Android auto or Apple CarPlay And if you have a different navigation system on your phone that you'd like to use better than the factory one You can project it to the screen same thing with media and songs and stuff like that So pretty cool stuff heated in cooled seats power pedals Stability control that's for your cargo lamps. That's also how you how you turn on the lights in the bed Parking sensors lane departure warning and downhill assist control you get two USBs two power points and then a hundred ten volt 150 watt plug-in This is also where your backup camera shows up up here. You have your on-star capabilities home link buttons map lights and power Sunroof Headliner looks nice and clean Passenger side seat is in excellent shape as well. No rips or tears on there Smells very clean inside this truck and it does have the wireless cell phone charge pad We'll take a quick look at the back seats and then we'll check out Under the hood and start it up Back seats are just as clean as the front seats No rips or tears back here does have the latch child safety system power sliding rear window with the built-in rear defrost And you do get storage underneath these seats Very nice and clean back there. You got a weather attack floor mat We'll start it up and take a quick look under the hood I would personally like to thank you for checking out the video today and hopefully from this HD video You will have been able to tell just how clean this truck is all the way around inside and out under the hood We have the 6.2 liter V8 motor engine base very clean runs very smooth This truck has been fully safety to and inspected by our service shop has a fresh oil and filter change All the fluids have been checked and topped off for brand new tires and this one is 100% ready to go Really nice truck. There are those HID headlamps LED running lights And I would recommend this one from a quality and condition standpoint and to see more pictures of this truck or one Of our other 450 new and used cars trucks SUVs mini vans Wranglers half tons three quarter tons one tons You name it. We got it go to our website www.summitauto.com Full pictures and descriptions of every single vehicle from two locations all at summit auto.com And if you'd like to check out more HD videos You can go to youtube.com slash summit auto remember to like subscribe and share on this video and all the videos that you see there In fact in a second you will see a link to subscribe to our YouTube channel on your left a link to more GMC Sierra 1500 truck videos like this for 90 ready if you've not been to our website on the bottom a link to this vehicle on Our website click those check us out. We really look forward to helping with this super clean 2017 GMC Sierra 1500 crew cab short box slt in summit white with the 6.2 liter v8. Thanks again


What's up everybody, Jason here for jaspyscasebrakes.com. We just sold out 2022 hip parade football autograph limited edition series 26. This is a dual case break, so that's two cases, 20 boxes total, random teams, I guess number one, but this is probably our only one, so that's why it doesn't say number one. But again, guys, just like any other ones, right? Everything ships, of course, is one autograph per box, and there's your sell sheet hits there. So here you go. Here's the dice roll. Here's the customer. Got in straight up, Charles down to Lee, won those from a pack filler, and then there's all the teams. Let's roll it. Four to four, eight to hard way. Good luck. One, two, three, four, five, six, seven, and eighth and final time. Eight times, Ryan down to Joe Cook. Eight times, one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, Dallas Cowboys down to Atlanta Falcons. All right, so Ryan, you have the Dallas Cowboys, Stephen R with the Bucks, Simon with the Steelers, Charles with the Giants, Matt last but not the Vikings, Nick with the Rands, Mike McCarthy of the Raiders, Ryan with the Titans, David with the Texas, Joe Cook with my Eagles, and the Browns, Aaron with the Chargers, Simon with the Broncos, Thomas with the Patriots, Ryan with the Saints, Ivan with the Ravens, Simon with the Cardinals, Joe Cook with the Chiefs, Jeffrey with the Panthers, Tristan with the 49ers, Jeffrey with the Colts, Tyler with the Jags, Charles with the Jets, David with the Bills, Austin with the Bengals as well, Chad with the Bears, Devon with the Dolphins, Tristan with the Lions, Riley with the Washington Commanders, Lee with the Packers, Matt M with the Seahawks, and then Joe Cook with the Atlanta Falcons. So yeah, if anybody wants to trade, Ryan St. Calvars and Tynes are up for trade. I'll give you guys a quick minute. Ryan St. Calvars, sorry, Big Chonka, St. Calvars for Ravens, no, okay. Denied. Denied. All right, Dolphins for Seahawks, Devon says and then Matt says yes. So is that a confirm? Sure. Is that a yes? Confirm? So I can do that trade. Dolphins for Seahawks. Anybody else, guys? Because if not, I'm going to close it right now. Joe Cook, this is a repack product, so there's no years. This is the sell sheet. So Jaylen Hertz has a big RPA in there. So I think that's why you're getting a lot of interest. Yes on the Cowboys, Den says wait, never mind. Okay. So is that a yes or no? I've never seen that happen before. All right. I'm just going to close it, guys. So we just have that one confirmed. So we had, what was it again? Dolphins and Seahawks, right? So let's see. The trade window is closed already, Joe. And I think you're lagging behind. That's probably why I think that's why it was a little more difficult for you. All right. So there we go, guys. We have one trade. A lot of trade chatter, but unfortunately I can't just keep it open forever, but Matt Am got the Dolphins now and Devon has the Seahawks now. Here we go. All right. Here we go, guys. Good luck. The first one we got is a Desmond Ritter Youth Explosion. That's 18 out of 25. Of course, Desmond Ritter is an Atlanta falcon. That's going to go to the Falcons and Joe Cook, potentially could compete for the future starting job. We have a Cleveland Browns hit. That's Nick Chubb, Browns. That's going to Joe Cook. And these are all the teams that Joe Cook wanted to trade after not trading the Eagles. How funny is that? And we got Aaron Jones for the Green Bay Packers, Lee with that one. That is a Bronx rookie, so I'm assuming that's from a collector's box in 2016. Tyreek Hill for the Kansas City Chiefs. Joe Cook, good lord, dude. You're hitting on every one of your teams so far. Minus the Eagles, I think. Have it your way. Wow. No way, dude. What a break. Every color patch in autograph Jalen Hertz, 40 out of 49. I think every single one of your teams has hit. Joe Cook Falcons, Joe Cook Browns, Joe Cook Chiefs, Joe Cook Eagles, Jesus. Cheris this, man, because I don't know when this is ever going to happen again. Jamar Chase for the Bengals, Austin Caruso with that one. That's a rookie autograph as well. Nice one. Then we got Michael Piven Jr. for the Indianapolis Colts, Jeffrey with that one. Two-color patch in autograph, 35 out of 49. We got a Marcus Allen for the Redis 5 out of 10. That is a Las Vegas Raider. Going to Mike McCarthy. They go Mack. A nice Aidan Hutchinson RPA for the Lions, Tristan with that one. That's 99 out of 199. Has a chance to win potentially a defensive rookie of the year, but I think Sauce is going to take home all the hardware. It's going to be between him and Gardner though. This has actually been a very solid, a limited case, I will say. And Drake London to 49 turn of the century. Another one for Joe Cook and the Falcons. I think you got half of the cards in this, Joe, and we still have another case. Nice. 12. 299. 41 out of 99. Rams. Going to Nick. Then we got Game Changers Franco Harris, RIP. That is a 17 out of 25. Game Changers Super Bowl MVP for Plates and Patches. That's an awesome hit round, man. Very nice Simon with the Steelers. We have a Jonathan Taylor, 25 out of 49. That is Indianapolis Colts, going to Jeffrey. Desmond Ritter, another one for the Falcons and Joe Cook. Pen pals on card. Another Aiden Hutchinson, this time it's Origins RPA to 99. 3 out of 99. That's another one there for the Lions, Tristan. All right, halfway through the second case, guys. Good luck. And then we got Christian Watson. That's number to 50 for the Game of Packers lead. And wow, there's a case hit as well. Christian Herbert for the Chargers. Aaron. Trendsetter. There you go, man. I think that was also the second case hit cell sheet hit. And there you go, man. Very nice, no huddle. Mac Daddy Jones, 19 out of 25. Nice three-color patch and autograph for Gold Standard. That is a patriot. New England Patriots. That's Thomas. Fitzgerald. Fries Hall for the Jets, 28 out of 99. Jets. That's Charles. Let's go. All right, guys. Here we go. Last box. And it's CMC Christian McCaffrey, Matrix patch autographs, three-color patch. Number 8 of 15. That is Carolina Panthers, Jeffrey. And there you go, guys. Solid cases here. So the two case hits were the Justin Herbert and the Jalen Hertz. So I appreciate it, guys. Hopefully, we get some more of this back soon. JaspysCaseBreaks.com.