So I'm Andre and I was working on adding tile rendering support for Falcon Impress this year. So for those of you who don't know what tile rendering is, this side has been shown many times before probably in the past. You basically draw parts of the document or these tiles, assemble them and that can then be rendered on screen images. Used mainly for mobile applications where you need to be able to zoom and pan around smoothly because the roughness won't be able to keep up with doing that manually. It's also potentially useful for external applications so we do already have a GTK plus widget which could potentially be used by other applications. The main, or there has been interest expressed by non-documents so far who want to use this and hopefully we'll be able to use it at some point. The problem is that our widget at the moment just paints one huge tile which isn't extremely useful and is quite slow so but the idea is that people can use this and we can then fix the back end implementation so it's actually usable without being quite ugly. So tile rendering itself is used for various other applications probably the most known here is for Firefox on Android and we've actually reused some of their work for an Android here more which I'll speak about later and as far as I can tell it's probably used in various iOS applications or at least Apple provides a tile rendering implementation and we've got a demo app written by Tor which also uses tile rendering and as far as I can tell based on observing other applications I think sun browsers on a desktop will also use this so it looks like Chromium uses tile rendering. I haven't actually looked into the sources though so I can confirm that. So the first thing I started on was calc. It's not actually finished yet because it's fairly complicated to making it work. The primary issue is it has a various assumptions about how it draws the document so it assumes that you've got an on-screen window which starts basically aligns the cells to the top left and then it loses lots of precision because it scales cell sizes multiple times and by the time it gets on screen you've got errors of three to four percent and because we're drawing the document not as one whole but in very small parts we need the edges to match which wouldn't happen if we were to use calc like this so I've basically been working on rewriting all the scaling which makes things look nice in tile rendering but normal calc then becomes quite useless or you have various glitches when scrolling around or anything or zooming so most of that is now working again and but there are still a few small issues with that so at the moment I'm still on a branch with this work. The drawing layer which is sort of drawn on top of so calc has sort of the background is the cells and the contents which are drawn the drawing layer is a layer on top of that that was very simple to do it's basically the same as what I did in impress and draw so in impress and draw it's quite hard to find where you actually plug into it it has a very complicated design so after a few days I then realized how to use it and there was about five lines of code to make everything work and then draw is the same code also works for free and so this is a screenshot of the gkk tile viewer which was implemented at the start of the summer to allow testing of the working down because we don't actually have any other easy way to check that things work so the what we actually use tile rendering for so far is this android viewer so most of that is implemented by tomash who'll be talking about this tomorrow so that was initially implemented using writer for which tile rendering had already been implemented and once my impress and draw work was ready that was plugged in and worked I'm not quite sure how much work was needed on top of that but I think it was fairly usable the calc branch unfortunately doesn't work so I only built that over the weekend and it just shows a blank white screen so I'm working on debugging that at the moment and hopefully we'll have something usable in the future and that's everything


Please welcome to the stage one of the most well-known and well-respected figures in cryptocurrencies. The author of Mastering Bitcoin and the Internet of Money, Andreis Antonopoulos. Hello, everyone. How are you doing? So I'm the Bitcoin guy, but I'm not here to talk just about Bitcoin. I'm here to talk about the context in which Bitcoin matters and in which blockchain as a technology will have an impact on our society. When I start these talks, I'm often met with blank stares of incomprehension. Because technologies like Bitcoin are not just disruptive, they're radically disruptive. They challenge our very notions of what money is, how trust works, and how these things can scale in the world. So that's what I want to talk about today, not the architecture of the Bitcoin technology or the blockchain technology, the architecture of society, and how the two relate. You've heard a lot of discussion about exponential innovation. There's one fundamental problem with exponential innovation, and that's that humans don't do exponentials. We don't. We're linear creatures. Even more so, we're beginning to see the impact of exponential innovation on our social institutions that definitely don't do exponentials. So what are the social institutions that I'm talking about? We operate society on structures that were primarily born in the industrial revolution. The most powerful of those structures is the hierarchical bureaucracy. The hierarchical bureaucracy is this idea that if you want to coordinate large numbers of people at scale... across a city, across an area, across a state, across a nation, or even across a federal nation system like the European Union or the United States, the only way to do that at scale is to have a hierarchy, a triangle, a pyramid shape, where you have layers and layers of oversight and decision-making, usually concentrating to someone on the top. That structure repeats in every aspect of our social institutions, our schools, our businesses, our governments. Those structures are now failing to scale, and they're failing to scale dramatically. We are living in a world where we can't trust news, where young people don't have jobs, where they can't trust institutions like banks, where they feel betrayed by governments, disenfranchised by fake democracy. All of those things have one thing in common. The common institutions of society are failing to scale. We operate on the internet as one global society without borders, and all of our institutions do not. They fail to address the big problems of our era. How do you deal with the globalization of information... when that's handled by institutions that are local? How do you deal with law? It's a funny question which comes up very often, especially when I start talking about Bitcoin. People say things like, what if someone does something illegal with Bitcoin? The obvious answer is really simple. Illegal where? Illegal in what jurisdiction? Like, for example, selling Bibles. Someone might do that with Bitcoin. Very illegal in North Korea. Selling drugs. Legal in some places, illegal in others. The problem is the word legal implies a jurisdiction... and that jurisdiction is failing to scale. It's failing to address the global needs. The first problem is architecture. We have institutions that are hierarchical and bureaucratic. Don't get me wrong, these institutions didn't fail in the beginning. In the beginning, these institutions actually allowed humanity to scale tremendously... and gave billions of people freedom and raised them out of poverty. These institutions did a lot for us, but now they can no longer achieve their goals... as they fail to scale. Architecture is at the core of that problem. I look at that as a computer engineer. I look at architecture and I think, how do the bits fit together? Based on that architecture, what emergent properties do you see? Let's look at the architecture of social institutions and think a bit for a second... about what that architecture does. You may squirm a bit at this point. What happens when you build a hierarchy? Decisions and information flow upwards. You collect information at the bottom and gradually refine it until it reaches the top. One fundamental problem with an architecture like that is bandwidth. I'm speaking strictly as an engineer. A corporation, a large institution, a government... The fundamental problem it has is, as you concentrate information and decision-making at the top... you can no longer achieve the number of decisions per minute, if you like, as a metric... that you need in order to address the torrent of information that's coming up. Eventually, you have to filter more and more information because you can't absorb it all. The decision-making gets poorer and poorer over time as the information gets filtered. This is why these institutions are failing, because the people who are making the decisions... are far enough removed from the source of information, but also far enough removed from the impact of their decisions. If you think of it in terms of representative democracy, it's not representative. That's the problem. We see this in large corporations that fail to innovate... for the same exact reason, non-scalable architecture. In companies, you see people trying to change that, to implement flatter org charts... so you can have more lateral movement of information. At the same time, we see that in society. People are trying to devolve power to local areas. We're seeing, just in the news recently, declaration of independence by the Catalan state. These are all symptoms of the fact that if the organization fails to scale, it will be fragmented. It will be disbanded, and you'll see that kind of devolution happening. Scale, bandwidth, architecture, interesting engineering problems... There's one other small problem with these social institutions. A problem that was identified a while ago by a guy called Cicero. He said, absolute power corrupts absolutely. The problem of a hierarchy is, it's not just decisions and information that flow up, it's power. As the hierarchy becomes entrenched, the people at the top get more and more powerful... just at the same time that they're getting more and more detached from the people they're applying power to. Problem two, corruption. Corruption gets worse as the scale of the organization gets bigger. Again, because of that distance. Then you have the other slight problem. Yes, good people can rise through this hierarchy, and they will be tempted and corrupted by the power. The only ones rising, in fact, rising much faster than them, are sociopaths. Because power and hierarchy attracts sociopaths. It's not a coincidence that many CEOs exhibit narcissistic tendencies and sociopathic tendencies. Because the job attracts that. I'm sure the CEOs in this room are a complete exception to that.  Nothing bigger than a tyrant who has a tiny bit of power over other people and relishes that power. Hierarchies are failing to scale to meet our needs, they're failing to absorb information, they're failing to process decisions fast enough, and worst of all, eventually they turn bad. They become corrupted. At that point, the decision-making is only to further one goal, and that is power itself. Power becomes the end, not the means. We see this again in institutions. The bigger they get, the more you see that problem. See what's happening in the European community right now, the European Union. I'm Greek. I have a bit of a problem with what happened recently. That's exactly the kind of situation where you have a super-state that is now making decisions... that are quite happy to toss two or three countries to the side in order to protect the banks of some European countries. Our institutions are failing to scale. What does this have to do with Bitcoin or blockchain? What does this have to do with any of these technologies? Let me pause for a second and ask, who in this audience has done a transaction with Bitcoin or cryptocurrency? Has experienced this technology? Less than 10% of the audience. Great. Early-stage adopters. Fantastic. By the way, if you're interested in trying something like that, come see me after the talk. I will set you up with your first wallet, and I will help you get some Bitcoin. I'll give you Bitcoin, not a whole Bitcoin. I can't afford that anymore. But what does this have to do with Bitcoin? You hear about Bitcoin, and what you hear from the media is that this is a currency that exists on the internet. Kind of money for the internet. To put it better, I would just say what you hear from the media is that this is geek money primarily designed for drug dealers. And that's okay. The internet was primarily designed for pornographers. We all enjoy it anyway. That media narrative only plays out for as long as you are not familiar with the technology. Eventually you start meeting dentists and taxi drivers and hairdressers who use Bitcoin. You're like, not a drug dealer, not a drug dealer, not a drug dealer. By the third time you're like, huh, that narrative isn't congruent with what I heard. The other thing you'll hear is that the really important thing isn't Bitcoin. It's blockchain, which is the technology behind Bitcoin, which is a nice attempt at whitewashing the whole thing so that the banks can play nice with it, embrace, extend, adopt, and extinguish before it gets too powerful to stop. Blockchain isn't the technology behind Bitcoin. It's one of the technologies. It's actually the database, the artifact, the ledger that is produced. But here's the really interesting thing. How is it produced? And the way it is produced in Bitcoin and the thousand other cryptocurrencies and blockchains that use a similar recipe is on a completely flat, peer-to-peer, non-hierarchical network where nobody knows anybody else, where nobody trusts anybody else. We are able to engineer the emergence of an artifact, a ledger, that records transactions that everyone can trust, that no one has the power to change, to modify after the fact, and that removes trust from the person to a mathematical construct that is neutral. That process is called consensus. It is the fundamental invention behind Bitcoin and all of the other digital currencies is a way to achieve trust at massive scale on a completely flat network that allows us to achieve such a level of trust that then we can conduct transactions worth billions of dollars without even knowing who the other party is. And behind that is this idea that we can do something unique. We can start using networks as a model for governance that scales for our new exponential innovation world. Here's the problem with networks. We can scale information. We can scale communication. But until 2009, we had no idea how to scale trust and decision-making. The really big invention that Bitcoin brings to the table is a way to scale trust globally, just like you scale information. Once you crack that, you suddenly notice currency is the obvious app. Payments is the obvious app. The reason it is the obvious app is because if you can engineer scale and trust at the same time, then by implementing that as a currency and payment system, you now have something that has never existed before. A completely open network where people can transact value across the world that is open to anyone for participation, cannot be censored by anyone, cannot be controlled by anyone, cannot be stopped by anyone. And that model is radically different than what we've had until now. What else can we do with it? And suddenly all of the ideas start bursting out. You have a structure that allows you to scale trust. You can use it for voting. You can use it to build massively decentralized corporations that have tens of thousands of directors participating in decision-making. You can have a company with a billion shareholders, none of whom are named or known. Or a company with a million directors, none of whom are named or known. You can have governance of fundamental properties, like the internet, without having to trust anyone who's participating because you have a structure that is neutral or mathematical that you can trust instead. What's really exciting, what's really interesting about this new technology, is not that someone can use it to buy drugs. It's not that it's going to make banking more efficient. It's that it gives us, for the very first time, just when we need it the most, the possibility to create global governance and global decision-making networks. And how does it do that? Fundamentally, the consensus algorithm that is used in these technologies in Bitcoin is a market-based game theoretical competition. Anybody can participate, but they have to commit energy or funds or something else.  And if they do play fair and play by the rules, they get rewarded, which is why the asset that's part of it is important.  And all of the funds that they have staked, or the energy that they have staked, is lost. So it's a game. It's a game in which you have to put money where your mouth is to participate, but you don't get to choose the rules. The rules are set by the network, and you have to follow all the rules. Think of it as a mathematical constitution, the consensus rules that run. And how do you change that through overwhelming consensus? If you want to change the rules in one of these networks, you need 95% agreement. That's really hard to reach. It also means that it's really hard to take over the network. So we take two of the 20th century's most incredible systems of governance, networks and market forces, and we bring them together in a network that is flat, global, and open. Where you don't have to vet participants to see if you trust them a priori, you can give them access and trust the network. We'll keep them in check. This now gives us a glimpse of what we could do in the future. Governance has changed dramatically. Now, Anyku comes along and suggests, hey, let's implement a new form of government which will obsolete all existing forms of government and corporations and associations and all other social institutions. And by the way, it's not subject to any one specific jurisdiction other than the laws of mathematics, is in for a tough reception. When I have these conversations with regulators, the interesting thing is that they think I'm challenging or questioning their authority to regulate these systems. I acknowledge and accept their full authority to regulate these systems. They question their ability, their means, their levers to affect change in these systems. All the authority in the world, none of the influence, none of the power. No levers to pull, nothing to shut down. What do you ban? Let's ban prime numbers being tried before. A specific prime number that you cannot possess in the United States, at least I think also in Canada, because that prime number unlocks DVDs. They manage to ban a number. Good luck with that. From a regulatory perspective, that's a dead end. So now we're going to have a very tough conversation. And that tough conversation is going to require people to become accustomed to facing reality. We should not have a system that allows criminals to pay anyone they want. We now have a system that allows criminals to pay anyone they want. And all of us, and all of them, and everyone to pay anyone they want. We shouldn't have or allow a system that can transfer value or record information that no one can edit or alter. We now have such a system. Whether we should, whether we must, whether we can't, whether we won't, none of that matters. It is. Now let's talk about what we're going to do about that. And how we're going to adapt to a society that has the means to create these structures of global trust. And also has to deal with the repercussions of creating these structures of global trust. And I'll leave you with a final thought, which is going to throw another big wrench into that. Money has three fundamental properties, or uses. Store value, medium of exchange, unit of account. In the last 50 years, all of the governments in the world have added a fourth use, which is system of control. Using money, using the banking system as a fully deputized arm of law enforcement and surveillance in order to monitor and control money as it flows around the world. This dream started by Richard Nixon in the 70s. And it's reached now its apotheosis as countries do the unthinkable, like banning cash overnight. As if that's going to stop corruption and black money. That dream is over. That dream ended on January 3rd, 2009, with the first block of Bitcoin, the Genesis block, which contained a message within it, the Times of London, Chancellor of the Exchequer on the brink of second bailout of banks. And that message resonates with a whole lot of people nowadays. It was the secret message that told us why this was created. But we don't yet know what impact it's going to have. I think it's going to be big. Thank you very much.


It's a record from art resident here once again with another artist compilation for you Can you believe this is number 12 number 12 that we have done and the art still is fresh and vibrant and Interesting at least I hope you think so. Let me know what you think about these I'm going to play forward a little secret that I discovered About 10 years ago. I walked into the a gallery and I saw these absolutely stunning large prints by Jeff and Vanessa Luvia and I kept looking at them and I thought something's different But there was a luminescence to them that I just couldn't sort out and they very graciously shared their story and Their little secret and voila. It was art resin Joyce Wilson prints photos onto Japanese rice paper embedding them in a layer of art resin poured onto a gilded wood panel Sonia Royo handcrafted this stunning geo piece using five layers of art resin Dave Plattford used art resin to seal and protect this beautiful hand-painted wood plaque Samantha Luke and created this incredible piece using acrylic pastel and gold leaf in between multiple layers of art resin to give it a magical 3d effect Kim Hoop used art resin to create this coaster art featuring an embedded flower Michelle Kowalczyk incorporated so many elements into this gorgeous little lantern And of course it used art resin to tie it all together Marjorie Renouf used art resin to seal cheeseboard handles to cast some bunnies and create some beautiful Petri dish art Danielle Cartwright used art resin as the perfect finishing touch for this acrylic pour on a triangular wood panel Poff coats her custom-designed tumblers with two to three layers of art resin to seal and protect them Hi everyone, I hope everyone's having a good week.  Seriously. Thank you Blair I really like that and I'm glad that you like our resin and I hope that you enjoyed this compilation We'll be back for number 13 soon


Okay, we're back. We're live at a 4 p.m. block here on a given Wednesday, and we're talking about we're talking about electric vehicles today. We're talking about one electric's target of doing 100% by 2035, which is not that far off. I get 15 years away, and we have Peter Ross. I could talk for Hawaiian Electric. He's a spokesman for Hawaiian Electric, and we get my co-host Mitch Ewan, and he's going to help me with this show. So Mitch, why don't you start by introducing Peter? You know him for about 400 years. It shouldn't be a challenge. Well, I've only known Peter for 18 years, so I have a little ways to go, but yeah, Peter Ross is a spokesman for Hawaiian Electric. I've been brought a loss for a word, and jumped in when we needed him most, so you can always count on Peter to come in and give us a good overview on what's going on with our electric company. So welcome, Peter, and I look forward to hearing what you have to say about electric vehicles. Right. Great. Great to be here, Mitch. Great to be here, Jenny. To be absolutely clear, we're talking about 100% of what we call our passenger vehicles. That is to say our sedans, our minivans, our SUVs, and our very light trucks. We have about, all told, we have about 925 vehicles in the fleet across our five islands, and about 40% or 400 or so of those are in this classification of, they're called Class 1 if you're a connoisseur of these things. So they're the four or six passenger sedans, SUVs, and so forth. And we are committed as part of a national campaign to reach 100% of those vehicles, plug in electric by 2035. We certainly hope we'll have more of the other kinds of vehicles as they become available. So far, heavy pickups are not readily available on the market. There are some companies that are hoping to break into that space, including Tesla, but right now it's pretty expensive to get a heavy duty vehicle, electric vehicle. So we can't commit to that, but as they become available, we'll go after those as well. So really two things are happening. First of all, we're going to try to reduce that 925 number where we had an audit of the company, as you may remember, and we committed to making this the most efficient company possible, and though that might require a little less convenience, but we'll get by with fewer vehicles. And so we're going to be reducing the vehicles overall, and as we replace these vehicles that are passenger vehicles, we'll do it with electrics, plug in electrics over the next 15 years. So we figured out that based on the lifetime use of these vehicles, about eight to 10 years, and the rate that we retire them, we're pretty confident that we can make that commitment. I don't know if you do your own maintenance, but if you do, there's a benefit in trying to stay with the same manufacturer, and for that matter, the same model. Are you going to do that, or are you going to take all cumbers? Well, depending on what we are getting, we just bought a bunch of of IKEA Nero's. They're kind of smallish SUVs, but they can hold four or six people, and there's room in the back.  They're working out very well. They're very economical, and we'll continue to get that. But at any given moment, we'll look at the market and say, what's out there, and what's cheap? We do have to be careful. We're not buying any Teslas for the company, I can promise you. We're buying the most workman-like, the most workperson-like, if you will, vehicles that we can get because part of the expense of a new vehicle is an upfront cost. So of course, we do our own maintenance, and we will, we'd rather not have, if we're going to have 50 cars, we'd rather not have 50 different ones. We'd rather have 10, 10, 10, 10, so that we do, it's easier to manage our parts and manage our labor and so forth, obviously. But we're not wedded to any one manufacturer. We're not wedded to any one model because the models are coming out and changing. This Nero was not available a year or so ago, and when it became available, our folks took a look at it and said, yeah, we can use that. So we see what the market's got. What about charging stations? I recall going to an event you guys planned at the Ward Avenue facility, where you had installed the number of charging stations. And I guess that was for the public also, wasn't it? I don't remember who was going to be served by that. But is that the kind of charging station facility you're going to have or build for these cars? Well, we've got a growing number of fast chargers that are open to the public across the islands. We're at about 19 or 20 out of a potential 25 that we're allowed to install. We've got some on Molokan, on Maui, on Big Island, mostly here on Oahu, especially out in the rural areas so that people who are driving out to Kapolei or driving out to, when we're inside, will know there's a fast charger available. And those are open to anybody. But also within our facility, we have a number of chargers, and we'll definitely install more as we get more and more electric vehicles. Most of our vehicles are charged overnight on a level two charger. So there's not an emergency, but we have the ability to do fast charging as well. So if something has to be charged quickly, we will do that. And if we can keep the charge up overnight, like most people will do at home, we'll do it at our yards. And so it's not that different, if you think about it, than gasoline. We have our own pumps at the, for example, at Ward Avenue, we have our own tank, we have our own pump, and we are able to fill up all the conventional vehicles from our own pump. But if somebody's driving around and they run out of gas, they'll go into a public gas station and fill up. And same with somebody who happens to be driving around for whatever reason, they don't have a charge. They'll look for one of our fast chargers and they'll fill up in that way. So it's not, in that sense, it's not that different. But we will need to build in more charged stations, obviously, as we go from our number now, which is about 100 or so, 80 to 100 electric vehicles to about 400 electric vehicles, obviously, it'll take more charging facilities. The good news is that, you know, once you've installed them, they're cheaper than gasoline. The power is cheaper by about a third. So you get more, you get more miles for your oath there. And there's also, we do our own maintenance, but electric vehicles are virtually maintenance-free. You've got to change the tires, you've got to change the windshield wiper pads. But overall, you don't have to worry about radiators or spark plugs or any of that sort of thing. How do you deal with the deterioration of the batteries? Because after X years, you know, these cars require a new battery, are you going to stop batteries or are you just going to get new cars? I think probably we will get, by and large, we'll get new cars because the lifespan of the battery or the point at which the battery begins to deteriorate and the point at which the vehicle itself is not really useful for us is about the same, eight to 10 years, I think. So, but those batteries still have a life of their own. They can be used in a number of different uses, including they can be bolted together and become a battery that is used to store electricity for when you need it. And, you know, when you have a vehicle, obviously, you want to have a very high, you want your battery to be at a very high capacity, 95, 100%. When you have a battery sitting in a block with 10 other batteries, it can have a 50% capacity and it's still able to serve your needs. So, there are developments, there are ways that are, those things are going to have a use long after they are no longer usable in a car that's driving around. They can be stationary and they can be used to power things. So, they will have a long life and we're, and when that's over, I think we'll be looking for ways to recycle as many of the components as possible. So, you know, we're not just of the life span. And the disposal issues. Exactly. Yeah. But what about range? You know, because you guys do a lot of traveling, depends on the island, of course. And so, you've got to be seeking a certain range capability for all these cars. What have you framed down as the desired range? Well, the Nissan Leaf, which was our first full electric model that we use a lot of, that had about an 80 to 100 mile range and we found that you could, you could leave Ward and you could get out to the North Shore and come back. But the last 20 or 30 minutes of that ride was a little nervous because, you know, the battery was getting lower and lower. So, by and large, most electric vehicles now are above that 100, 120, 150. The mileage there, the capacity, the range is going up all the time. But for sure, we want to be, you know, we want just like anybody else to be assured that if we need to, we can get another charge. And if it has to be to pull into one of our fast chargers, that's what we'll do and we'll pay for the electricity. And just like anybody else would pay for it at that point. The big island is probably the most challenged on range, obviously. The long distance between Helo and the Kona side, even when you get over the Kona side, there's a big distance to get up to Javi or down to Captain Cook and so forth. So, you know, we will obviously look at that when we decide where the vehicles are going to go. And, you know, we'll be able to put a vehicle with a shorter range here on Oahu, where the distances are not that great. When we have a vehicle with a much longer range, we'll probably put it on big island and somewhere in the middle is Maui, which has some long drives, but yeah. So, obviously, what we're going to buy and where we're going to put it, what we need, you know, that we got guys in the fleet department, we got a very smart guy, Kelvin Kohasu, who's running the whole fleet from Helo. And he's, you know, that's what he does. He figures out what do we need? Do we need just something to move three or four people? Or do we need something to move three or four people at some equipment?  He doesn't know they're big bucks, but we pay him, we pay him and we depend on him to figure out what we need and make sure we have what we need. But as we're doing that, we're going to make sure we have what we need and it's electric. So, it's a big change, but another way it's just what it's always been, how many sedans, how many light trucks, how many SUVs and so forth. That's kind of not changing. I don't think people realize that if you're in the electric utility business, you have infrastructure to every last, you know, mile in these islands and you are responsible for it. You have to make sure it works. It's being maintained and that means visiting it. It means getting out there. And so you have plenty of miles to travel to be sure you're doing that. So, the fleet seems to me just from this discussion is a very important part of the apparatus of the electric company, you know? Absolutely. Even the meter readers have to get out to the neighborhoods where they're going to do the meter reading. And, you know, we're now using drones more and more to inspect the equipment that you've been talking about. But the drone pilots and the drones have to get in a vehicle and get out, you know, close enough to the poles or the equipment.  And I think anybody that drives around this or any of our islands probably, you know, the only you probably see more, more mail trucks and you probably may see more path, you know, the lab trucks or the clinical laboratory trucks and UPS and FedEx. But I think after that, we're probably, you know, we're probably right up there among the vehicles you see the most of because we're out there. We have to get out there and make sure all that good equipment is working. A short digression is in these times I feel you mentioned the mail trucks. I feel a greater emotional attachment to the mail trucks, the U.S. Postal Service. So I've committed to tip them when they come around and give me the mail. Really? Maybe I should tip the Hawaiian electric trucks, too. You're not talking about tipping them over, right? You're talking about tipping them over. Thank you very much. Okay.  Don't, you know, our guys work and get paid and, you know, we love a thank you, but we don't need a tip. I feel the same way you do about the Postal Service these days. They're going to be delivering our election and, you know, they're doing it right now. And those folks are out there on the front lines as many other of the, you know, the helpers and essential workers are, and they're out there. The one thing you can say on their behalf is that they have a lot less traffic to deal with right now than they normally do. It's good for them. But, you know, otherwise, it's not a, it's a good job and it's an important job, but it's, it's a difficult one. You don't always think about that for your mail carrier, but I give them a lot of credit. So, yeah, we're, you know, we're hoping, by the way, that eventually then the mail on the UPS and the FedEx, in some cities, they have FedEx a little electric. They look like bicycles, but they're basically electric bikes or small electric vehicles that do the UPS delivery or FedEx delivery because, you know, a lot of that's right in town. It's easier to get through traffic. So, we see a lot of opportunities. You know, we're, the other thing we're working on, we are working on a, what's called a make ready prospect or new rates for fleet for heavy users of electric vehicles. So there'll be cheaper rates for people who have fleets. And, you know, that's another way we're going to be encouraging people to think about switching to a fleet of electric vehicles when possible. And if you can, do smaller ones, do lighter ones. And, you know, that, that's going to be useful. We've got to, we just proposed what we call a make ready for buses, where we will install all the wiring up to the place where the bus company, where the city bus or where a tourist bus will install an electric vehicle charger. They'll buy the charger, they'll buy the vehicle, but we'll put in the wiring and the electricity right up to the point of the charger, which is unusual for us. Usually we don't go beyond the meter, as you know. So we're looking away. We have a very aggressive new head of our electrification of transportation group. Her name is Aki Marceau.  Yes, she is. I would agree. I think that's sexist, is it? You know, so she's, she's terrific. And she's driving a dedicated group of people who are filing filings with the, and getting more of these chargers out there. And they've been having some, what they call it, EMO, EMobility Dialogues with, you know, all the stakeholders getting 50, 60, 75 stakeholders on a webinar to talk about how we're going to, how we're going to do this. I just had the misfortune of reading some blogger, a local guy, I forget, he used to be on television. But he said, Oh, no, he means aren't happening. And he's so wrong. You know, nothing's happening as fast as we wish, obviously, because of COVID and because of some other things. But EVs are happening.  We have to dovetail this with hydrogen cars and vehicles. And, Mitch, I'd like to, you know, ask you to weigh in on this and get Peter to talk about it. We view hydrogen vehicles as electric vehicles. And so does the legislature because the past legislation designating hydrogen vehicles as electric vehicles, with all the same advantages that the current battery electric vehicles get. We're big friends of battery electric vehicles, because our hydrogen vehicles all have a battery in them as well, so that we can use regenerative braking and we use it for acceleration. And the other part is our fuel cell keeps the battery healthy. So it'll last longer and actually in years. And also you can get over that range anxiety. And you can recharge them very quickly, like under five minutes, which is a really good advantage. So I got my little plug in. Thank you for that. But I have a question for Peter, you know, I'm driving around in my battery electric vehicle. I'm getting range anxiety. I drive by a HECO fast charger. Have you guys developed a process? Is it free for me to go and plug in? Or have you guys developed a pay as you play kind of situation now? Like, can I have a special card that allows me to charge and you guys get paid for it? How's that work? It's not free, just like the gasoline station is not free. It is based on the time of you're using it. So during the middle of the day, for example, when we have a lot of solar and we have a lot of excess electricity on the grid, it's cheaper to charge your vehicle.  But we definitely charge for the fast charger use and we charge just like gasoline. We charge by how much you take. So if you need a little top off, it will be a lower price than if you need a lot more. And it is based on a credit card or some of them are based on a membership card that you can insert. All of them also allow you to do it by telephone. You get out your smartphone and call and they're able to, on some of them, they're able to do it that way. So one of the things we want to get is to get that to be a little more standardized. But today you are, it's pretty much the same in many respects as gasoline. And I would go back to your comments about hydrogen. We agree with you. Right now there are gasoline cars on the road and there are diesel cars on the road. And they have a little different performance characteristics and different uses. And there's nothing, there's no law that says everything has to be the battery electric that we're talking about. I think there's room for several different kind of modes and they have different uses. I think especially, as I understand it, heavy duty vehicles might be better off with hydrogen than there are and they would be with just the standard electricity. So, you know, specialty vehicles and all kinds, and specialty needs will be accommodated by different kinds of vehicles just like you get an SUV or a sedan. So there are always going to be choices and as the choices increase, I think all drivers will be happier because we all like to make choices about what we drive in and how we drive and, you know, what we're seeing in. So yeah, we're, we have a question I can't, I couldn't see that. Oh yeah, there is a question. Are hybrid cars just as good as electric cars in your opinion, Peter? Well, a hybrid, as you know, is like a Prius is the most common one. It's a combination of perfectly good cars. Some of the Prius models are plug-in, some of them are just regenerative. So, you know, there's, I work for Hawaiian electric and Hawaiian electric. We like all electric battery plug-ins. Those are the ones, you know, that we're fond of stuff. But, you know, they're, very frankly, just don't, don't tell the company, I said this, but there's some model, there's some gasoline model cars that get very high mileage and they're very efficient and they have low emissions and, you know, that's good too. We want to reduce emissions. We want to reduce our dependence on fossil fuels. And, you know, so we want, and we want, you know, the best deal we can get. And if that is a hybrid, more power to you. If it's an all-electric plug-in, more power to you as well. We, you know, it's the goal. It's not so important how we get there.  It all helps. And, but I think we are definitely slowly, somewhat painfully perhaps moving toward an all-electric fleet. And that's going to be good for everybody, especially, you know, in vehicles and in buses and in trucks. You know, when the buses in Makiki and in my neighborhood here don't emit so much diesel fumes and don't make so much noise, life will be better. So, you know, there's an upside beyond the environment. And, you know, the more, from the electric company's point of view, I will say, the more electric vehicles using the more electricity increases the amount of electricity that we sell. And that means we can lower prices. It really is, you know, that kind of simple thing. More demand equals lower prices because we distribute the costs of things over a wider bunch of customers. So, we think it's a win, but I would be, I would never say don't buy a, don't buy a Prius. And I never even say don't buy a really high mileage, you know, gasoline car. It might be your last one, but that's what you want to do. If you want to add anything to this about the hybrid. Well, the form of a hybrid, yeah, I think a hybrid is a very good solution. Just like we said, you know, the engines are very efficient. They, in the hybrid mode, they operate at the best efficiency so they keep the emissions as low as possible. I once worked on a hybrid project with Hawaiian Electric. Not what you talk about idling. We did a lift truck, SBIR with HECO and US Hybrid. And we won the phase one, which means the design phase. And we actually won a phase two, but which was a million dollars, but DOE reneged on the one million dollars. But the point is, is that we were able to show that a fuel cell operating on, you know, on hydrogen for actually operating the lift part, because what happens is these trucks go in park and then they idle away, making noise and giving off fumes because they have to keep that lift truck going up and down. And it worked out really well that operating the lift truck component was really efficient and met a lot of those kinds of requirements. So I'd love to be able to re-resurrect that project sometime. Maybe I'll go to Aki. Talk to Aki. She's looking. She's open to any adventures. I just want to finish this thought off. US Hybrid actually bought a lift truck and it's sitting up at Kenea Village right now in anticipation of getting the phase two award. So we should have a look at that. I'll go and talk to Aki. I love when deals are made on ThinkTech. So let's talk about the larger picture in our remaining time here. The larger picture, of course, is the consumers, the ordinary people who drive on the street. You know, right now you have a very odd situation. The city hasn't fixed the potholes. So if you drive out there, should you dare, there's plenty of potholes. We never really fixed that. It's really tragic. And it's not likely to happen anytime soon given, you know, the city's finances. The same time, you know, I watch television and I see a million ads for new cars, which tells me they're not selling any. They're spending all the money on ads, so they're not selling any car. So everybody wants to sell a car. I do not see, honestly, you guys, I do not see a lot of ads for electric cars or hybrids for that matter. All the ads you see on television are for, you know, classic gasoline cars. And we've got to move off that. Peter, you mentioned, you know, there's 12,000 cars, electric cars in the state, out of roughly a million cars. Maybe I'm short on that. He has more than that now. And I say to myself, that's not fast enough. We've been, you know, having this conversation for 10 or 15 years, and the state credit went away. And I think the federal credit went away or it was going away. And what's out there to encourage people? This is not a great time, you know, to get Joe Public to buy an electric car or, for that matter, any car. And so the question is, you know, to me, it seems an appropriate target of 2035. If one electric can do this by 2035, so can we all. The only question is, you know, what does the government do? What does individuals do? What does state tech do? What do you guys do in order to, you know, move the needle ahead and have people buy these cars? Because at the end of the day, it's good for us. At the end of the day, you know, having this technology is going to, you know, reimagine our transportation, hopefully in a good direction. And so I ask you, what would be, what is the plan? How can one electric help on that plan? You said you were, you know, making these charging stations available and so forth, and that you were, you know, we're going to install up to 25 of them. What else can we do to get people to buy electric cars and follow your target? Well, we're first of all trying to lead by example, and that's what we've been talking about. We certainly advocate whenever we have the opportunity to get the legislature to, you know, extend and to increase the incentives. I think the people who say the incentives are no longer needed are, you know, just wrong. I think we are obviously moving in the right direction, but as you say, we're moving painfully slowly and the COVID pandemic has slowed us down even further. So I think we have to really push our government to, you know, reinstate the some of the incentives that have been taken away and put some money into, you know, incentives and tax breaks and so forth for people to keep moving in the right direction. It's easy to say that when you're not trying to balance the budget, but that's still, it's got to be a priority among many other priorities to keep this moving and to try to speed it up. Let's hope that after November or so, some of the attitudes in the federal government will change and we will not see somebody that's pushing for coal for God's sakes. We, or gasoline, will see somebody that's pushing for renewable energy and for electric vehicles and for hydrogen and a lot of other things that we need. If we're going to deal with global climate change, which we kind of forgotten about or not forgotten, but it's faded in the pandemic. So yeah, individuals have to act, but the government has to lead and organizations like Hawaiian Electric have to lead. And that's what we're trying to do as best we can. Yeah, you know that you talk about leadership, I think it's a very salient point that Hawaiian Electric does this. That's clearly a statement of leadership. And every time one of your electric cars rolls down the street, you're saying something to everybody who sees it. I would like to see other significant capital concentrations in the state do exactly the same thing. To the extent they have fleets, they don't make those fleets into electric car fleets. The university, for example, has a lot of cars. I think they do. The state government has a ton of cars all over the place. There's no reason why they can't make the same move. And in fact, it's not that painful if you just go by attrition, you know, when the gas car gets old and replace it with electric car. So I think we need to have some policy on that. Even in the time of COVID, we still have to get around. And we have to, you know, the thing about leadership is that everybody who buys an electric car, or for that matter, a hydrogen car, is a leader. Because as he rolls down the street, people see that. I'm always impressed when I see somebody driving an electric car. It's good that person is out in front. That person speaks for all of us. That person wants Hawaii to be a better place. It's not just a personal discretion issue. He's actually saying something to all of us. And the other is what we hope by doing this is that if there are fleet managers, fleet owners who are thinking about it at all, we want to be here. We are here to help you to give, excuse me, give you some advice to tell you about our own experience.  So that's the other part of this commitment.  And we are more than happy if you want to, if you want a fast charger at your shopping center, if you want to add electric vehicles to your fleet, if you want to convert your buses to electric, we are here exactly to help you do that. And we don't sell electric vehicles. We don't sell charging equipment. So we don't care which kind you get or what you buy. We're here to help you get what works for you. And that's part of what this show of, you know, commitment is all about. Yeah.  So Mitch, we're at that point, you know, in the show where the hot light, the stage lights fall on you to try to summarize what we have discussed here. And of course, to thank Peter for coming around. Go. Well, first of all, before I forget, thank you very much, Peter. There's been a lot of stuff I certainly didn't know about. It was really good to get refreshed and all the things you guys are doing. And I think the big takeaway is for me anyway, is that Hawaiian Electric is leading from the front, putting where their money, where their mouth is, and being really helpful and making it an easy transition for people to convert over to electric vehicles. And so thank you very much. And let's keep it moving. All right. Thank you, Peter. Thank you, Mitch. Aloha, you guys. Stay safe.


Hey, come again John wise here So this is just a real rough rough things. This is a very last minute Over on my Facebook page. I posted that I've been receiving old Nintendo power magazines from some mysterious person I believe it's somebody on my Facebook page So But it's been like one issue maybe a week And there's the old Nintendo power magazines like you would get back in the 80 late late 80s early 90s Well today I just received a whole box full of Nintendo power magazines that I thought I'd go ahead and Share I guess right now So let me flip the camera here. I haven't looked at these. I don't know what magazines are in here I know they're all Nintendo power So let's flip this There we go So here we go first one you see is one for Mega Man 3 so Now The person I'm not gonna say it show who the person is person who sent these It's not the person who's been who has been sending them because each person Each box I receive that has return address has been different. So somebody's going on YouTube and Purchasing these and sending them to me. So if it is a fan on com again, I thank you very much This is really cool. You really don't have to but I do appreciate it and I talked to Shannon and this does keep up I will be going through if I once I get enough issues. I will go and review Each individual issue like maybe weekly. So kind of as a flashback What do we have here? They're all wrapped up here And right now Shannon's watching it. So you watch this later. It's gonna be freaking out because I'm held it doing this handheld and not with a steady camera So I apologize Shannon Like I said, this was very last minute So we have Mega Man. We have a maniac mansion rescue Rangers Super C to Super C's a Tetris Batman Mega Man 2 to go with the Mega Man 3 duck tails Looks like Ninja Gaiden Zelda 2 this is really cool. So I'm gonna go through all these and And yeah, I'll end up seeing what I have here and Go from there or whether or not I'm gonna do a review on any of these So pretty cool again. Thank you very much whoever's in the knees. This is really cool and Yeah Thanks for doing time with comic again. Again last minute video. This is all my photos also my first live stream YouTube video So thank you for tuning in those who are So on this video and all the other videos on comic again Make sure you comment hit like or dislike if you don't really like it But we encourage you to like it And of course subscribe if you haven't done so so I'm gonna go through all these Nintendo magazines It looks like there's close to maybe about 20 or 30 of them There was more than I thought there were that's why I'm and I'm doing handheld and Shannon's freaking out right now watching as I'm sure Thanks for watching comic in note. Yes, I'm sure I want to stop streaming


Welcome back to our lecture series based upon the textbook linear algebra done openly As usual, I'm your professor today. Dr. Angel missile line In this lecture, we're gonna talk about section 5.3 from the textbook entitled Kramer's rule And I'll be honest. I get a I have a very mixed feelings. I have mixed feelings when it comes to Kramer's rule Not a huge fan of it But that's mostly just because most people who use it are using it Inappropriately and I'll make sense of what that is going on here Kramer's rule is actually great when you use it in the right perspective It's often abused and mistreated here. So What is Kramer's rule to find what it isn't just a second, but a little bit of notation I wanted to do to introduce for the sake of Kramer's rule Suppose we have a matrix a whose columns are given as a 1 a 2 a 3 up to a n You can see those right here and suppose we have a vector B right here The plan that's gonna be happening here. So we're gonna be looking at the equation a x equals b And so this matrix a is the coefficient matrix here. This vector B is the vector on the right But before we get to that here, we'll introduce a new matrix Which a was in by in it's a square matrix. We're gonna also define an in by in matrix a I be Where a I be is just identical to a That is you'll have a 1 will be there a 2 will be there a 3 will be there all the way up to a n will be there It's just in the middle in The i-th column of a we're gonna replace the i-th column with this vector B everything else is identical and so this is what we mean by this this matrix a I be Can't say I'm in love with the notation, but we'll use it for right now It gets the point across and it's really only used in this section, but it'll make sense which we see right now So Kramer's rule is a technique For solving systems of equations if we're trying to solve the the system a x equals b Kramer's rule actually offers us a formula for solving this Imagine we have a square matrix a which is in by and it's also a non singular matrix And suppose we also have a vector B that is we're trying to solve the equation a x equals b Well, since a is non singular there's a unique solution to the equation a x equals b and that unique Solution can be given by the following formula if the solution is x then X I the eighth entry in the vector x can be given by this formula or another way of writing it here our vector x We get x 1 x 2 up to x n We're just saying that the first entry is going to look like the determinant of a 1 b Divided by the determinant of a and then the second entry is the determinant of a 2b That is we replace the second column of a with b and you divide that by the determinant of a and you go all the Way down until you get to the determinant of a nb you take the matrix a you replace its nth column with b Take that determinant and divide that by Determinative a and so this gives us a formula. This is a formula for the mage are for the vector x It's a formula for the solution to a linear system Well, that sounds kind of great, right? Formulas are great. I can just plug in the numbers and just compute it like that. That sounds great It's not a formula, right? If you have an equation a x squared plus b x plus c You can see you can sing the tune pop goes the weasel and you can solve your Your quad equation using the quadratic formula it offers an alternative where we don't have to complete the square Sometimes be difficult to do We don't have to factor it which can be difficult to do Sometimes impossible to do depends on the field of coefficients. You're looking at there And so formulas are great, right? formula What if we have what if we have a x cubed? Plus bx squared plus cx plus d equals zero. What if we have a cubic polynomial? Right How does one do that? Did you know? My guess is probably not although some people have heard of it before I I'm quite certain you probably have that in any great extent in your previous algebra classes college algebra In a media algebra you talk about the quadratic formula cubic formula There's also a Quartic formula that is for for degree four polynomials. Why aren't these things being used more popular? I Would recommend googling it sometime Go to Wikipedia. There's there's a good description of it there. It's a formula, but it's very very difficult to Use so difficult that it becomes very impractical No Professor is going to throw this upon their students Unless it's like some crazy honors class or something. It's really really really hard to use It turns out Kramer's rule kind of follows in the same category that we have a formula for the solution of a system of linear equations But this formula is extremely difficult to use because all the determinants are involved We'll see some examples of this in just a moment and it also begs the question We if I want to solve the system a x equals b. Do I need a new formula? Can't I just solve it using row reduction, which is actually efficient algorithm? And so actually I will talk a little bit more about the difficulty of Kramer's rule in just a second I don't verify its truthfulness and in Kramer's rule I should also mention there are some limitations right that first of all the matrix has to be square in by in Otherwise this formula does not apply and how many systems have we considered that aren't square systems And even if it's square the matrix has to be non singular Admittedly if it's if it's a singular matrix, there might not be a solution So it might be inconsistent, but even if there is a solution There could be unique solutions. There could be multiple solutions Kramer's rule doesn't do anything for those I'm sure has very limited scope compared to systems of equations. It's also very hard to Use so why would anyone ever use it again? We'll talk about that a little bit more in just a second This is the this is the mixed feelings. I was talking about earlier I should mention that even if a is singular that is the determinant is zero One can still say something about this If you clear the denominators of this equation right here, you get the determinant of a Times x i is equal to determinant of a i b And so that's actually the formula we want to prove when the determinants non zero you can divide by it to get the formula We had up here But this this this is the more general equation we can use for even singular matrices And the argument's going to basically be the following We're going to take the matrix a and we're going to times it by the matrix i i of x Where what do we mean by this the i here this represents the identity matrix? This is the matrix with One side the down the diagonals zero everywhere else and x here. This is meant to be a solution A solution to to our equation here ax equals b that is if you times x by a you get b That's what we're talking about here All right, and so let's expand the matrix i i x by the notation we saw on the previous slide i i x means you take the identity matrix whose columns look like the e i's you get e i one e i two E i three etc remember e i one was the vector with the one in the first spot zeroes everywhere else E i two is the vector with a two in this a one in the second spot zero everywhere else And so we're just going to get the identity matrix En right one in the last position zeroes everywhere else But because of the i i x notation we're going to put an x in the i th column Well in terms of matrix multiplication if you times a matrix by a matrix That's equivalent to multiplying each individual column Of the second matrix by the entirety of the first matrix So this product will look like its first column is a e one its second column is a e two Its i th column will be a x And then its last column will be a e in Now one thing that's important about The vectors e i Is if you take a matrix and you times it by a column of the identity this will equal So if you times a by the i th column of the identity This will give you the i th column of a and so we're going to use this observation right here And so we get that a e one gives us the first column of a A e two gives us the second column of a And this will continue on the last one will be the nth column of a And all of these are going to reproduce columns of a except for the this i th position The i th position is just a x and like we saw earlier a x is equal to b And so you'll notice that this right here is the matrix a i b So with respect to this a i b matrix we have a factor is a times i i x And so what we're going to do is we're going to take that observation So we take a Times i i x this is equal to a i b And we're going to take the determinant of this thing take the determinant of the left hand side Take the determinant of the right hand side Like so now the determinant factors remember when you have a product inside of a determinant That becomes a product of determinant. So you get the determinant of a times the determinant of i i x And this will equal the determinant of a i b Now this almost establishes the formula we had before The last part really just comes down to this piece right here This right here is none other than the number x i Because the idea is matrix It looks mostly like the identity right you're going to have a one a bunch of zeros You're going to have a one a bunch of zeros Then you have these entries x 1 x 2 x 3 x 4 and then a bunch of zeros and a one right here If you start co-factoring expanding across this row I'm sorry not this not to do the row do the column if you co-factor expand across this one You'll end up with just this minor and that's all there is then co-factor expand this one You'll get this minor right here and then you co-factor expand this one right here In the end the only thing you're left with will be uh just a single x i And it'll be the x i for which you were in that column. This is the third column. So you end up with x 3 And so you end up with the determinant of a times x i is equal to determinant of i of a i b Which is like what we said earlier. That's what we were trying to prove that verifies kramer's rule


which is catch up but you know last show I was going to talk about this under wacky things coming out of the left. So this is a wacky thing coming out of the left. So in San Francisco the school board is engaged in the process of renaming 44 of the 125 schools in the district is actually doing a survey with parents about changing the names and what names they would like and what names they don't like and and so on. So you know it's COVID schools are barely open. They're having challenges about how to do education given COVID. They're doing remote education budgets of cities and counties and states where most education dollars come from are shrinking because of COVID. But the San Francisco school district has nothing else to do but to figure out how to change the names of the schools. Right. Change the names of the schools because they're worried about these names of schools. Now I can understand if some of these schools would maybe named like like like the General Lee or the or the Jefferson Davis schools. You know these these civil civil war southern you know post slavery fighters people who fought for slavery. Okay well maybe maybe one could but 44 of these schools this is really some suspicion. They're not 44 you know post slavery people you know are they really that many bad bad really really bad people in the San Francisco has schools named after them that you'd want to change their school name. So you know I got a list. I got a list of these schools and it's it's quite quite interesting to look at these. I mean some of these some of these I just don't know what's going on because they must be a backstory but I don't know what it is. And then the San Francisco Chronicle ran with its readers ran a survey asking them which school names were they of the 44 which of they their schools would they want to change the name. So they ran. So here's some school names that San Francisco in its great wisdom is spending money resources brainpower time effort in order to rename their schools right. I mean this one's a good one I would rename the school. The Dianne Feinstein elementary school. Can you believe the Dianne Feinstein the the senator from California has a school named after her. Exactly what has she done to deserve that great credit but but here we are Dianne Feinstein elementary the voters in this poll that the San Francisco Chronicle ran. The number one school name that they believed needed to be changed was indeed the Dianne Feinstein school. So at least the San Francisco Chronicle readers seem to have good taste. Number 10 was Junipera Sarah elementary. I don't know what Junipera Sarah means what it stands for why anybody would have a problem with that Hubert Hoover Middle School Hubert Hoover president of the United States pretty bad president not a good president. Maybe it was a racist maybe something like that maybe that's what it is. I don't know why I mean other than he was a bad president that he basically turned a recession into a depression because of all his bad policies. Yeah that's good reason not to have a middle school named after him. But I find it hard to believe that that would be it. All right let's see Francis Scott Key don't know who that is. Alamo elementary they were offended by the Alamo standing up for liberty against Mexican oppression. Santa Ana was a dictator of Mexico and the Texas declared independence and they fought the Alamo for the cause of liberty and freedom and that's offensive to some people. But this one on the flip side of the Alamo is new Nuyega ES Nuyega school Nuyega. Can you imagine the communist the communist killer Nuyega Nicaragua who I think is the president now of Nicaragua is authoritarian. But but for many years of Marxist they have a elementary school named after Nuyega in San Francisco. Okay that should be changed. Then comes Jefferson. Of course Jefferson slave owner therefore can tolerate Jefferson. So no Jefferson schools we got to we got to change that name. Then Sherman this one is interesting one Sherman elementary. Now why don't they like Sherman. I mean. Oh he wrote the Star Spangled Banner. Okay well she must be she's obviously an American exceptionalist. And therefore she wrote the National Anthem. So in America we know is this horrible country. So that's why they don't like her as a name. Francis is he up name. But think about Sherman. Right. If not for Sherman we might still be fighting the Civil War. If not for Sherman the South might have actually succeeded in succeeding and the war would have ended maybe in a stalemate. Without Sherman there would be slavery. How long. I mean Sherman won the Civil War. General Sherman by going to the South making the civilian population of South suffer the consequences of the war they engaged in. He yes I get it he Francis is a he as soon as I said it I knew it. Sorry about that. But I mean Sherman is a hero for anybody who doesn't believe who believes slavery was an abomination. Sherman won the Civil War. Sherman ended slavery. Sherman is the one general in all of American history unequivocally is a good guy. Yes he fought an unconventional war that's why he won. He understood the war was not this was not civilized. Warned he'd be won and sometimes it was brutal. George Washington High School they don't like George Washington. I mean who do they like. Because they don't like New York either.  But like wow I mean this is American history the greatest president maybe we've ever had with George Washington. Because he understood his role. Balboa I don't know what the problem was with Balboa. McKinley I don't like I don't like president McKinley McKinley was not a good president. But I don't think I dislike him for the same reason they do. Garfield is that also president not a very good one. I don't know much about the Garfield presidency. I'm going through some of these other names to see Stockton. Oh Stockton was one of the Robert Barons I guess was a wealthy industrialist. I think I'm not sure. ABAM Lincoln oh they don't like ABAM Lincoln either. Maybe maybe the school board of San Francisco actually does like slavery. I think the theme here is that they're actually pro-slavery. Because the two people most responsible for ending slavery in America at least directly ABAM Lincoln and General Sherman. Monroe they don't like president Monroe for some reason. Don't know maybe maybe owned slaves or something I don't know. Robert Louis Stevenson the author. What's up with that? Presidio they don't like the Presidio. All right those are the ones I have. Anyway I mean not a single problematic name that I saw on the except presidents who I really really really don't like. Garfield's presidency was short. Tom says yeah he was short he was shot shortly into it.  Oh this is the New Yeager. There was the rule of Panama I thought New Yeager was the was the communist. Isn't he's the president of Nicaragua. Bobo is a Spanish explorer. Okay so I get it. Explorer of the native people. That's why. Interesting. Anyway this is what they've got to do with their time. This is what they've got to do with their efforts. Right. I know that John Brown did more to fight slavery maybe maybe because he created the environment in which an abling could come up. But in terms of direct impact on slavery the two people that had the most direct impact on slavery by winning that war was. Ortega is the one from Nicaragua. Ortega now they have an Ortega school here too. Wait wait wait wait. I saw Ortega here. I saw Ortega. There's definitely an Ortega school as well. So it's still. Okay. So what I said about about the other guy move it on to Ortega because they do add an Ortega and they want to change that school as well. I you know it just seems like crazy. Crazy leftist. Un you know no real thought. Random. Yeah generally anti you know anti people who supported slavery but then you've got in Sherman and and and and Lincoln. And then yeah yeah Hosea Ortega elementary I assume Hosea Ortega is the guy you guys are referring for. No this is Daniel Ortega. So I'm not sure who Hosea Ortega is. Yeah maybe we can find out who. Anyway the whole thing is I'm sure Chigavore will not be changed. They love Chigavore. So maybe I'm wrong maybe there is none. No communists here that they want to change. It's just Americans.  What we need today what I called a new intellectual would be any man or woman who is willing to think. Meaning any man or woman who knows that men's life must be guided by reason by the intellect not by feelings wishes women or mystic revelations. Any man or woman who values his life and who does not want to give in to today's cult of despair cynicism and impotence and does not intend to give up the world to the dark ages and to the role of the collectivist. All right before we go on reminder please like the show we've got 163 live listeners right now 30 likes that should be at least a hundred I think at least a hundred of you actually like the show.  But at least the people who like it you know I want to see I want to see a thumbs up there you go start liking it I want to see that go to 100. All it takes is a click of a click of a thing whether you're looking at this and you know the likes matter. It's not an issue of my ego. It's an issue of the algorithm. The more you like something the more the algorithm likes it so you know and if you don't like the show give it a thumbs down. Let's see your actual views being reflected in the likes. But if you like it don't just sit there help get the show promoted. 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to have Joseph Poon, a co-founder of the Lightning Network, to present today on state channels, systemic security considerations and solutions. Do you have a clicker? Hi, everyone. Today, I'm going to talk about how to construct state channels in a secure way, as a lot of the channel type constructions are going to become more popular in the coming months and years ahead. State channels, perhaps, have some greater complexity when it comes to certain aspects of the design. But the general promise is fairly interesting in so far as, perhaps, I have five channels with some end participants. And I could potentially do contracts with potentially everyone in the room off-chain, but ultimately enforceable on-chain, by having the payments flow through. And the contract states flow through between multiple participants. The clicker doesn't work, though. This one? Got it. All right, cool. So on the blockchain, economic considerations are at our, I mean, on the blockchain, adversarial economic considerations are functionally security considerations. The primary issue is related to off-chain contract consensus. Because this is sort of off-chain, you don't have the blockchain itself to resolve the double-spend problem, so you resolve that through economic incentives and structures. And that requires penalties to be structured when you are not operating correctly. And that requires a great deal of presupposition when it comes to the design. And there's a lot of structure that you have to consider when it comes to the cost of the enforcement itself, much like how you can write 1,000-page contract, but your legal costs will probably add up when you ultimately require enforcement within the court system, which in this case is the blockchain. Now, consensus faults between channel participants are not that interesting when one person is acting faulty and it's not enforceable on-chain. But there are possibilities where you can enforce multiple states on-chain if you design the contract incorrectly. And this is a huge problem if this actually happens, because let's say you have some option contract and it can be resolved at $5 or $10. And one person preferentially wants to have it resolve at $10, you're going to want to enforce that contract on the blockchain as soon as possible, because you make a lot more money. So certainly there's a lot of information costs associated to that due to the uncertainty, but these are also explicit costs. You will outright pay the minor or validator set a higher amount purely because you're going to make more money. So the solution is to only allow one participant to enforce a set of states within some larger set of the contract. There may be alternate solutions, but this is a good rule of thumb for now. You could do other constructions using different types of cascading bonding structures, but that could end up being fairly complex. Additionally, penalties need to be predefined. You could have some type of adjudicator, third party, end participants, but usually if it's a two-party contract, you need to predefined everything using fidelity bonds. And what you're functionally doing is you're creating the incentives for the participants to be staying off-chain. If you have the incentive structure aligned correctly, then we can attest to the state. We both agree on the current state, and we both know if we deviate that we will not win. Systemic risks are also something to seriously consider, mass spam risks, et cetera, et cetera. There are different solutions for these types of things, like time stop constructions. This is a current area of research, but this is not specific to channels. Anything with fidelity bonds are going to have this issue, and it's a fairly interesting thing to resolve. And the most clean way to resolve a lot of this is to be using relative timestamps. When you're using a relative timestamp in your contract, generally the cost of enforcement is going to be relatively persistent, provided that the size of the enforcement of the attestation is smaller functionally. So if you're making a large attestation and you're making an incorrect attestation, the enforcement of that is probably going to be smaller, but it's good to make sure that it is. That way the cost, the blockchain costs are commensurate. Additionally, it's really important to keep it simple. A contract can be easily split into many smaller contracts, and when you do that, that allows for a great deal of isolation. Sorry. Modularity in this case is more of like a UTXO model, and that's fairly... The UTXO model is interesting insofar as you have predefined inputs, have some set of predefined outputs, and you have a potential network of contracts that can build some kind of circuit path. And... Oh, sorry. There you go. So ultimately, you always do want to be able to enforce things on chain, and you cannot ignore that aspect. And when you compute across a network of participants, the cost multiply. Now, a lot of this sounds really, really scary, and this is about risks and solutions. And I think when you look at these types of constructions, what you have are you have multiple participants that want to be able to transact with anyone else in the network, right? So let's say I'm Alice, I want to have some type of financial contract, let's say it's some options contract of some kind or some futures contract, whatever it may be, and it's a conditional payment with some terms, HTLC referring to, you have some contract term and some expiry that can be refunded and cancellation of that contract. So ideally, you want to be constructing this off chain, so if I'm Alice, I don't have any communication on chain with Dave. So I have some on chain record, some contract with Bob, and ultimately the funds will eventually propagate through to Dave. I have the option of enforcing this on chain, but I elect to do it off chain because it's cheaper, et cetera, et cetera. If at any time, either party can prove the attestations on chain, so let's say if Bob and Carol's disconnected, they can go talk to the blockchain, but Alice and Dave still remain off chain and it's fairly efficient. However, the problem from this is that when you attest on chain, the cost can be higher. A lot of the benefits of this technology is that you can resolve a lot of incentive structures on the blockchain. So an example would be like I was talking, like Zuko was talking to me about the sort of free option problem, right? Last night we were talking about that and the free option problem is functionally that one person can start a contract and the other person can, they have a free option of whether to accept it or not. And even if you resolve, like with the Catholics talk, even if you resolve certain aspects with sharding and efficiencies related to that, what a lot of the channel technology gives you is the ability to atomize a lot of the contracts themselves so that you can make the individual contract terms incredibly small and do a tit for tat increase of the actual contract. So let's say I wanted to enter into an options contract with someone or some futures contract. I can make, I can design a contract for 10 cents and the free option problem starts becoming negligible to the point where it doesn't even matter. And you can do that 10,000 times to create something with real value and ultimately have it enforceable on chain. However, with complex contracts, there is some issues when it comes to requiring the participants to enforce a lot of these things. But instead of computing the network contract on chain, you should be a testing to the results. And earlier in the day, there was a talk about Trubit. So let's talk about doing a Trubit type construction on channels and especially a network of channels. Instead, in this case, when you're a testing on chain, both participants end up funding with Carol doing like she just selects where the funds come from. In this case, it's her own funds. And Carol is functionally saying, okay, here is the contract, here are the inputs to that contract. I'm saying, and Carol is saying, here are also the end computed results of this contract. So Carol actually isn't asking the blockchain to compute anything beyond this attestation because this individual contract, let's say, is incredibly complex in some manner. But she's saying the blockchain, hey, I'm putting up, let's say the contract is $100 equivalent and she puts up another $100 equivalent and says, I am saying that I get $100. I'm also bonding $100 with some time component before I get refunded. So let's say she has to wait another day. So perhaps three or four, however long it is, before she can get her money back. So what she's saying is, if I'm wrong, we can do the full computation on chain, but we don't need to right now. I'm saying this is the result. I'm telling you this is the result. You don't, every single node on the blockchain does not need to compute this. So she puts up the bond and after some end period of time, let's say, over these four days, she gets her payment, Alice and Bob normally computes it off blockchain because, like they're computing, they're communicating normally. In this case, Bob and Carol are not communicating normally, so they need to go to the blockchain. And that's kind of a good situation. If you're Carol, you put up some bond, you get your bond back, you also get the payment from Bob, and then you can deliver the payment to Dave. Remember in this case, Bob and Carol are sort of like intermediary actors who you don't really trust. In this situation, Alice is paying Dave, but Alice doesn't have an on-blockchain construction with Dave, so Alice has the contract, flow through Bob, and then to Carol, then to Dave. But let's say Carol is a malicious actor and wants to deceive the blockchain. What happens in this case, right? In this case, Bob enforces this and tells the blockchain, hey, Carol is lying, you should compute this. And Bob can similarly put up a separate bond to discourage Bob from overly requiring the blockchain to compute too much. Let's say Bob is correct, everyone, all the nodes compute this, and they say, oh yeah, Carol made an incorrect attestation. Carol should lose her bond, and she loses her bond to Bob. And this construction allows for a minimization of the amount of computation that you need to do on the blockchain entirely. And this is using a construction on top of this type of construction allows for you to do this in a network of channels. Additionally, if a concern would be, well, if I'm Carol, I don't have enough money, I wanna put up this bond, what do I do? If you're a third party, it's not an issue because, well, you know the inputs, you know the outputs, you can compute it, you know this bond is good, Bob can't dispute it, so you can put up really any amount of money provided that you're computing correctly. The bond is an interesting structure because what it gives you is the ability to account for the cost of high computation. So what happens is, if the contract is a very costly contract to compute, you can attach a similarly expensive bond, but the benefit of this type of construction is you get your money back. So it's sort of like paying for computation, but because you don't have to actually pay for it, because you attested to the correct state, you get refunded. Whereas if you attest to an incorrect state, you actually have to pay for the computation itself. So what we're really doing here is we're reducing and eliminating the need to do full on-chain computation and I can have a channel with end participants and be able to do complex contracts with anyone on the network. Thanks.


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Let's talk about a decision made Sunday. Two players voted in to the Hall of Fame By a committee George Steinbrenner was not we had a chance to talk to Joe Torrey about it wanted to get your thoughts Well, my thoughts aren't good ones. I really you know, I I'm I'm actually stunned that something like that could happen I was privileged to know him, you know as a when I was a player representative so I negotiated from across the table with him and then I had the pleasure of working for him and Certainly, you know, absolutely what we call a Hall of Fame owner I mean, there could be people who you know love him hate him whatever you you can't deny that he was you know a force for change And that he did a lot for the game of baseball and certainly has an historic figure So I'm not sure what the criteria are, but it seems to me no check check check and check So I'm glad you mentioned working for him because Jack at the pleasure of covering him I had the pleasure of playing for him and you knew as an owner He was gonna give you everything you needed to do to win. Yes. Tell us what it was like to work for the men Well, um, it's it's interesting because when I when I sat across the table from him I was able to call him George and then when I came to work for him. It was mr. Steinbrenner So, um, you know, he once again, he would give you everything that you needed and more if you worked for him he did he was the best training for any person in baseball because He hadn't he had an uncanny sense of asking you the one thing that you didn't know So he had just an uncanny sense. You know, you'd come in prepared There would be people that would run down the hallway, you know with files flying everywhere and they'd get to his office and You know draw himself up and he'd ask the one thing they weren't prepared for So I learned very easily not easily. I learned very early that the the standard stock line was I Don't know the answer to that but I will go find out and and let you know Gene you've had such a versatile and varied career. You were a dancer. You were an actor You decided then to go to law school and you're an attorney But you're also a couple years shy now of two decades as an assistant GM with the Yankees Which is the longest tenure of any assistant GM. What career traits have allowed you to have that sustainability? Well, I feel like you know, Miss America I You know, I also I enjoy being an assistant GM I mean who wouldn't enjoy being an assistant GM for the New York Yankees were Brian Cashman Brian and I worked across the table from each other. I said and now together for almost 18 years And probably my my long tenure is because I mean, I've also been very clear. I don't want to be a general manager And so a lot of my my brethren as I call a lot of my brethren do want to be general managers So they they move up and out but When you're given an opportunity to do what what we are given an opportunity to do at the New York Yankees first with George slash mr. Steinbrenner and now under house tenure You know that it really you do feel that you were being you sort of reached the pinnacle of where you would like to be in Baseball and you're able to achieve great things working with great people. So what more, you know, can you ask? Jean you speak so passionately about your role with the Yankees. What is it about it? That's so fulfilling for you I think when I first came to the Yankees, Brian said that that I'd like you and this reminds me of a Woody Allen line Which is you know, you can't repeat on air, but but he said what what you're doing for players I want you to do for the Yankees. So I have been able to The Yankees have been like a player for me and I've been able to represent them in a variety of ways And and been able to still explore the business and legal side of baseball as I did before I always say that if I were if I were still a Paramount Pictures corporation We're still in the movie business. I would be sort of the head of business and legal affairs for the for the team So it's only I just do baseball. I don't do the stadium or licensing or financing or anything like that But you're also Steve heavily in the international market. We know that From a different aspect the Yankees are playing the Red Sox in London this year Yes as an organization as a person who I'm sure is going to that how excited are you about that? Oh, I'm thrilled I'm thrilled. I mean, I've been an anglophile all my life And to be able to go over to London to be the first two teams to do so I also think there's something wonderfully historic about it. You know, you've got the Red Sox I hope they dump some tea into the harbor And you know the Yankees and and so I think it'll be tremendous I hope that the people in in the UK are become as excited about it as we are There are certainly, you know cricket has I'm not really understand it, but it has some connection to baseball I know our our players are really really excited about it And I would like to say, you know far be it from me to you know Throw a laurel at our friends up north, but I will from a women in baseball perspective Raquel Ferrera, who is the senior VP of baseball at the Red Sox is the only other You know high-ranking woman in in the baseball operations department And I think it's also a wonderful unique opportunity for Raquel and I my brother as I call her for You know to go and and and promote women in baseball We have so many women who work in baseball and a lot of times they're not really seen So I'm looking forward to that You're essentially in on every deal that the Yankees make Brian Cashman has called you a pit bull tenacious when it comes to Negotiate it And you look at that are there is there a deal over the years that stands out to you that you're particularly proud of? I think I'm actually I mean obviously I'm very I'm proud of the fact that Matsui chose to come to the Yankees and How that transition worked? I think I'm probably I feel like knock on for Micah. I mean I think I'm I think I'm proud of the fact that during my tenure. I don't think that we have We haven't lost a player And that's not in terms of negotiating because plenty of players have you know gone elsewhere But we haven't done anything so that we would lose a draft pick lose a player Been disciplined in any way, so it's really you have to kind of constantly. It's like the you know the Stick your finger in the in the dam so that the water doesn't come crashing through so Hey by the way with your theatrical and acting background is Vegas in your wheelhouse The boards on Broadway darling, this is not really Gene thanks for joining us. Thank you. Thank you very much


Welcome, this is Melissa Arma with the Stockswish Reviewing JPM. This was the Stockswish show Play the day today.   I knew the numbers But if I had gotten in the trade, been in the trade, then lost internet I would have been panicking. You've got to have things working right when you trade. Internet, charts, everything Anyways, that's we're getting a storm here. I don't know if that was it But long story short, I got out of this. I pretty much scalped it But I still basically got a good move in it, but I said the possibility of 185 So let's just see where it went. 185.11 it got pretty pretty close. Again, this was earnings earnings He's an officially has started today with the banks reporting and this is the main bank the biggest bank I'm sorry Right out there the strongest bank Strongest bank biggest bank in the US and again to have them be down in the earnings is really really really really bad for the market So the market was down today with JPM I said to everybody even though I didn't take this trade before Overnight because you don't know what the earnings are going to be. I said I have a feeling I don't trade on feelings. I trade on my golden gap rating system But I said I have a feeling JPM is going to be down in the morning And I was right and then I knew then the market would turn around as well And that's exactly what happened. So let's quick take a peek at this and boom So I wouldn't be surprised at all if the market tanks today if this looks a hundred percent different between now and four o'clock If the market is red it's trying to hang on it's green, but it's really not working. This market's crazy I'll do another video on the market later. I'm going on a cherry blossom tour in the rain Because it's a note non-refundable and also The last tour is tomorrow and that's booked and I have no choice if I want to go so I'm gonna learn about cherry blossoms But I won't be taking a lot of pictures Anyways, have a wonderful wonderful wonderful day everyone and congratulations to everyone in the Stockswish show live trading room Who did the JPM short today? Good luck. Have a great weekend If you're interested in signing up for the Golden Gap course and learning how I know that JPM was gonna follow the day to take The short and getting it out email me and Melissa the stockswish.com classes April 27th and 28th Again stock gap down close to your gap down and we shorted it got the move got out. Have a great day everyone