Hello and welcome to Top 10 Emerging Technologies, a show from the World Economic Forum that looks at the performance of some of the most promising technologies from the past decade. I'm your host Alice Hazelton and in today's episode we're talking about artificial intelligence that can argue and instruct, which made it onto the 2018 list. To get us started let's take a look back at this conversation from one of our events in 2016 where former Dean of Carnegie Mellon's School of Computer Science Andrew Moe discusses just how smart AI could become. The question in probably everyone's mind here is will machines become smarter than humans because at this rate wouldn't that be possible soon? We're all going to argue about what we mean by smart but one by one you are going to see things which we thought required our own personal ingenuity turning out to be things which can be automated. Many professions which we thought were smart and I'm going to actually go out and eliminate here and say the lawyer profession or the doctor physician profession there's a lot that can be automated there and those careers might diminish. There are some other areas which we're going to be using AI to help the humans who will remain in charge such as teaching small kids or nursing or things which involve care and really deep social interactions with other folks. So I do see quite terrifying changes in the makeup of the population but the things for people to do armed with these intelligent assistants sitting on your shoulder are actually going to get more interesting not less interesting as a result. Here today to tell us more about AI that's capable of arguing and instructing is Sophia Velastigy Chief Technology Officer at Microsoft who specializes in artificial intelligence. Hi Sophia thanks so much for joining us today. Hello and it's a great honor to talk at the World Economic Forum as well as talk about how AI will impact all of us. So many of us have digital assistants like Alexa and Siri in our homes today but I think any of us who've ever tried to have an argument with one of them know that they fail pretty miserably. So tell us about the technology that underpins these devices and exactly you know how AI is or could become capable of arguing or instructing humans. The main technology that make up digital assistant is machine learning around natural language understanding with context and sentiment additive is able to convert spoken words into text reference the topic and the sentiments individuals have to activate that conversation. Although we're still on the journey to conversational agent we're seeing success with Shao Ice and GPT-3 which are the most sophisticated bots for instance Shao Ice is able to have 0.5 billion conversation in just three months after launch with the average of 23 dialogue turns which is even higher than human conversation that's about 10 minutes of conversation. In 2018 I know that there was an AI that out outdebated a human in a live demonstration on a topic that the AI had never learned before for someone like you who works in AI can you tell us just how significant that moment was. The significance of an AI system that outdebated a person shows the potential to assist people in deeper conversation with deeper contextual awareness can be a system along with responsible AI can remove bias and enrich our lives. Looking ahead say the next five to ten years what can we expect from you know these AI that can argue and instruct. In the next five to ten years we expect conversation AI will be integrated further into assisting people in their job and life there'll be an increased hybrid digital agent and human engagement just as we were able to perform online searches leveraging significant AI capability this will occur on conversational AI side. We'll have the flexibility to interact in a way that is more natural for us with equal performance and that's super important in allowing others to be more inclusive and feel comfortable so people from age seven to seventy feel comfortable engaging and speech recognition and contextual understanding is still in its journey to improve so we'll see more advancement there. What are some of the technological hurdles that need to be overcome for us to get to that point that you've described. There are five points that I want to highlight number one is mobile internet increasingly inexpensive and capable mobile computing devices and connectivity across the globe which will bring us to number two which is 5G and beyond to increase the communication between the edge devices to the cloud where there's large scale algorithm resize and that includes the performance of the conversation that will be happening with the AI system. It'll also reduce the latency so the response time can be more context conversation and more natural to what we're used to we as human for instance expect 100 to 300 millisecond response time. Number three is to increase that cloud computing to process the conversation like non-traditional computing method quantum to neuromorphic computing which mimics our own nervous system and number four is internet of things or IoT which is a network of low cost sensors which adds another layer signals to increase understanding for instance if we're having a conversation and I can use camera system to understand how you're feeling and emotion I can then respond in kind in the right sentiment and number five is to further investment in training AI systems for a specific subject matter for increased contextual awareness and accuracy. One can say that most of these are already available but the major difference is the pervasiveness and accessibility for all that will change the scale. It's one thing if 100 people have cell phone it's completely different when billions of people have access to it. I think we've focused today's episode on AI that can argue and instruct but if we look back at the top 10 emerging technologies list from the past decade AI has come up a number of different times you know including for searching for novel drugs or AI that can kind of rival human vision so there's many different potential applications of AI. Speaking more generally like what are you most excited about for the future of AI? As a Microsoft AICTO for dynamic where I work in the forefront of AI innovation I see myself as like a detective working with knowledge and becomes more pervasive and accessible for those who are not data scientists. I'm excited to see ever-increasing growth and customization for business and people engagement so there's not a stock response for everyone but is customized for each individual situation and context to address their unique needs and situation. I see a long journey of growth as AI moves from R&D to applied AI to be infused into our daily life and work. Well thank you so much for joining us today Sophia it's been fascinating to hear all of your responses and what you think AI holds for the future. Thank you and it's exciting to see where AI will take us. As we've heard today artificial intelligence that can argue and instruct has made significant headway since making the top 10 emerging technologies list in 2018. We've heard how digital assistants which are commonplace in many households today are getting better and better at interacting with humans but there are still many hurdles to be overcome before artificial intelligence can really converse naturally with human beings. Perhaps what's more pertinent though is the question of accessibility and equitable distribution of this technology. The effectiveness of artificial intelligence will only increase with the pervasiveness of the underlying technologies but it may not be too long before I have today's conversation with an AI instead of with a human. If you enjoyed this episode then please do join in the conversation on social media and we'll look forward to seeing you next time for another episode of top 10 emerging technologies.


Zelensky on counter-offensive. We do not expect not achieving success. Ukraine's President Volodymyr Zelensky has said that Ukraine is actively preparing for a counter-offensive and there are no options for failure. However, according to Zelensky, it is wrong to talk about success when losing people. Zelensky said it at a joint press conference with the prime ministers of the Netherlands and Belgium. We believe in the success of our counter-offensive. We are doing our best. Not only our military, but also society, our factories, our entrepreneurs, everyone is thinking about how to strengthen our army every day. We think about how to prepare for a counter-attack and we do not think that we might not succeed. This is not our way. We have a joint goal and we understand it. I cannot say that 100% success is guaranteed because no one knows. I think it is wrong to talk about success when you're losing people. In any case, we are moving forward and waiting on something from our partners, he added.


Going on everyone Sam here with late sports cards rip in two boxes 22 Star Wars master work hobby for mr Stephen M. So good luck here Stephen. Let's do it. And there you go. Let's see a sketch man First person If it's it's 50 bucks it's wall manly that's 600 What do you think first place gets? Yeah Well second would probably make money and then third make their money back like at their buy-in Okay, got Mando and red leet to 25 No, I don't think that I mean I don't think that's terrible Boba Fett nice Boba Fett on the canvas to 25 I don't think that's terrible And a Saw Gerrera 250 Yeah, I don't think it's there. I don't think that's terrible Oh Steven, let's see it. I'll see a sketch for you brother Kyle Oren blue Cabean d'Arsidias and alpha trawler the auto blue agent Tierney and Mando on the stamp relic. So I got two hits in this one. Not bad. Not bad Hunter on the blue that is nice. Ah, so katano 41 of 99 Rosario Dawson. Wow That's nasty. That's huge. Oh my god, that's huge Steven let's go Steven whoo So good to Hanno Wow men Rosario Dawson.  Yeah, sure. It's up there. It's top five. I would say for sure Get that into a mag for you and then we've got a dried and boss that is gonna be shirt source fabric relic So katano, man. Hell yeah. Yes, that is an on-card auto. Yes, it is JT Can't type he's running around his crib right now probably Would not blame him. No not at all.  Let's go Steven. Good stuff. That is a ninth sister. Love to see it. Absolutely Steven Thank you, buddy zero and general Merrick to 99 on the green. Let's go Steven See a sketch now. There it is. It's got a sketch. Let's go. What a two-boxer, man Count two kubalu It was a cool. That's Toro Kallakin to 299 and Hi, so we got a sketch Neil Brady Co man That's dope. So sick One-to-one sketch card again. You were the only one who has this. That's awesome, dude What a two boxes, man. It's a massive Today Indian and the Soca zero blue foil R2-D2 and C3PO to 299 and Rends our mulk base. That is a green cannon Jarrus to 99 are to Marin and Imperial comms officer Very nice there as well that will do it for your break there Steven. Congrats, buddy. I mean that was awesome We'll get him right out to my friend


Draft of the financial guidelines in its packet today. I would recommend that we can postpone that one until we have a draft of the financial guidelines from the finance committee. Okay. And Anna, I'm going to say the one that nobody wants. I'm sorry. I'm going to say the thing that nobody wants. Um, is it possible to do a meeting on the 11th? I know, I'm, but I'm looking like I'm, I'm looking at the 18th and we're either going to be here till 1 a.m. today or 1 a.m. on the 18th. So is it. And, and may I just recall people we had to do this last time we ended the term to. We had to add an extra meeting. Lynn, we do have a. We do have a, we do have a special meeting scheduled for the 11th, the orientation for the new councils, which will be a meeting of the full council. Can we add to that agenda? And we could move on to a full council meeting that night. It's already posted as a council. The whole meeting is a council meeting. It's a special council meeting. If you wanted to put other regular business on to the special council agenda, you could do that. So I'm going to make the following proposal. Can I, sorry, can I finish the, if we do it, I think that it would make most sense to move the goals to that session. As it's something that will apply to the folks who are coming to the orientation and they could benefit from not as a part of the discussion, but from watching it. If there are to hear, okay, is there any reason we need to do carry over tonight? No, that's the 18th. So the financial goals we're doing on the 11th. The 18th, we're doing the guidelines carry over on the 18th. Sorry. 18th. Are Andy, do you? No, I'm sorry. I skipped over town manager evaluation. Just hold that. Town manager goals. 11th. Yes. Financial guidelines. Andy, do you think you'd be ready by the 11th? Probably not. I think we need to the 18th. Okay. Carry over. Discussion. The 18th. Yes. Okay. It kind of has to be. It's okay. Calendar. Can we do that on the 11th? Yes. And should we send you feedback in the meantime? Yes. Shouldn't we just discuss that feedback now since it was conflicting? Sure. We can. Okay. We're going to deal with that one tonight and get the feedback. Oh, sorry. Town manager compensation. Okay, fine. Okay. Fine. So we have two items we're going to do tonight. Town manager evaluation and the calendar and then the compensation. So town manager evaluation, I've done two different revisions. One was later today when I was called to my attention by Mandy Johanke that I mixed up some stuff. And so I went back to the original paragraph with some slight changes and then gave you the example of what Mandy Johanke suggested as a substitute for that. And then any other, and I included the table. And then I took the feedback I received from four counselors and tried to integrate that into the memo. So the issue or the version you should be looking at is the version that's in your packet. And in the center of the title, it says V period two. Now we can handle this one of two ways. See if there's any specific comments, but you could also send me any additional changes and we could adopt it on the 11th. As long as it does not impact the town manager's evaluation discussion, compensation discussion. Mandy Johanke. I had suggested in my feedback to you and I know it's not in here and it's not in here for a reason but that's why I'm going to bring it up tonight. Mandy Johanke. That's fine. That the evaluation memo delete what on version two begins on page five and runs all the way to page 25. In other words that the evaluation memo delete all of the summaries of each of the counselor comments for each goal and all of the documentation related to that. The reason I suggested that deletion and I'd like the council to consider it is because summarizing 13 individual counselors comments and making sure they are comprehensive summaries and accurate summaries takes not just a lot of time from someone doing it, but also will take a lot of negotiation time here in the council meeting to make sure we're all happy with each of those. I believe there are 13 different goal summaries there. And the manager two weeks ago stated himself that he reads our individual comments closely and takes them to heart and so I feel like the evaluation can be just as effective if it's the ratings and a couple of summary comments within the memo itself and then a reference to for more information on why we got to the ratings we got reference all of our 13 individual comments. So I would suggest we delete the bulk of what is in here and concentrate on the first four pages and changes to those pages. I just want to point out in the revision memo it would only be the first three pages because it would be everything starting with policy goals and beyond. It goes to page four on the document that on the PDF that we have two lines are on page four. Okay I'm probably looking at you might be looking at the the non-tracked the clean sort of version of that so that yeah so you're but you know on a clean one if no matter which one it would from policy goals on it would not include based on your suggestion it would not include the summary or the ratings and it would not include an attempt to summarize it it would include the summary of the ratings that's in the memo right but it would not include attempt to summarize the comments the counselor made the counselors made at all and so you would get rid of all of those summaries and all of the repeating of what those goals are you would leave the evaluation process information that begins on the document that's in the packet for me page 26. Yeah okay so Mandy Jo did send that suggestion to me I felt like like that was a larger change than and would need to be discussed and so let me just say before you is a version two which incorporates changes to all parts of the existing memo what Mandy Jo is suggesting is that we would only do the first part and the very last part which provides connect which provides links and summary of methodology Dorothy. I disagree I made my individual comments because I'd assumed that they were going to be just part of a summary they're not meant to be standalone comments in any way I so we were told the process was going to be a summary of it and that I think should not be changed at this point retroactively. I also don't think that I want to spend a tremendous amount of time more time on the town manager evaluation I think that we have done that people have spoken people have written and you know if we're going to just fight over every single thing then you know I am leaving the conference the council okay other people have to think that they can stand it that they can put up with these kind of meetings that go on and on and on and I very satisfied I haven't seen Lynn's latest document I had printed out I printed it out got the the other one wrong one I guess but what I've seen was fine and I think the town manager is smart enough to be able to figure out what we were saying and what we meant and to know that we value his work and had some suggestions but that we're not going to go after with knit knit knit knit a little point so I would like to just do this quickly thank you. Are there any other comments? So we have two options here one is I'll take additional comments and bring it back on the 11th the other one is to take the motion that's on your motion sheet and move Kathy. I just wanted to say Lynn I thought you did a great job on the revision so I'm agreeing with Dorothy my literally my only comment was the bar chart was missing a bar label to give you a sense of my super careful reading. I corrected that by no and it's been corrected giving it more space. I'm comfortable with this but go ahead with your motion I just wanted to acknowledge the amount of work that went in to the revision and I thank you for it. Mandy Jo. If we're going to keep the summaries I have a lot of requests to revise the summaries. Okay then I'm going to suggest you that we I take suggestions from people for revisions I need them by Wednesday of this week I'll bring this back on the 11th. Okay all right so with that that will come back on the 11th as stated earlier the goals will come back on the 11th the 18th the finance financial guidelines and the carryover will come back. Are there comments on the calendar? Lynn Lynn before you move to the calendar I'd like to suggest the executive session be moved to the 11th so that you can vote on the evaluation before you vote on compensation. Okay can I also suggest that on the 11th the town manager and I might like to do our state of the town address not that we spend any time this weekend on it but that's okay. Paul you okay with that? You know what? Look at it this way the new councillors coming in we'll get to hear it. Okay all right calendar comments. Anna was this a raised hand and a raised hand? Both of them. April 22nd the first day of Passover we should not have a council meeting on the first day of Passover and June 17th is Eid April 22nd it's a legal holiday so that one feels pretty clear Eid al-Adsa runs from June 16th through I can't remember the last day but can you hold on a minute? Well I'm sorry I know we see the calendar on the screen but I had my note. Do you mean no one else had my notes? Second of all would you speak a little slower? Yeah I can thank you. It's possible I'm tired. Okay so starting over reading my notes more slowly April 22nd is the first day of Passover which is a legal holiday. Right. June 17th is one of the days of Eid al-Adsa which is four days so it's I believe maybe less pressing than the first day of Passover but still could be recognized as we're considering our calendar those are the two holidays that I noted I was not looking for other things as I went through. Okay Jennifer and I did I mean Jennifer excuse me Athena and I did realize that there was a mistake by doing the 22nd of April and the 17th of June I'm going to just ask is that a holiday people feel we need to avoid? I'm sorry it's it's Eid it's an Islamic Muslim holiday it is Eid al-Adsa it is an Islamic holiday right it's an Islamic holiday it's celebrated for three to four days during that time and is that the first night it's not I believe the first night is the Sunday okay that's why I said I don't think it's as pressing as Passover but I wanted to note it as it is a holiday are you sure I thought the 16th was the first day so if we so on the if we move April 22nd we would either go to April 8th or we would go to April 29th or we would only have one meeting in April which seems a little not reasonable so is there a preference on April 8th or the 29th? The 29th is the second to last evening of Passover and that's the problem right it's it's day eight okay so it's day seven it would be because day one is the day one is the 22nd well evening one is the 22nd day one is the 23rd and so evening eight is the 28th okay so it may I think at April 8th what's wrong? Pat got disconnected thank you for letting us know she can she's here in the town room so she can still participate she just won't be on Zoom okay so we have it up on the screen Pat your microphone's working yeah great and you just won't have your video so the eight I think yeah thank you I am requesting that we add a regular meeting on July one and on August five those would be the typical regular meeting dates for both of those months in the last four five years of the council calendars have regularly tried to not put meetings on I'll talk about July one separately than August 5th but we've generally not tried to put a meeting on August 5th or the first meeting first Monday in August and then we've added it to a calendar as if needed and then we've run into we have to have it I don't think there's any time in the last five years we haven't needed it and when it's put in as if needed people schedule vacations and then we run into quorum problems so I believe we need to actually list it on the calendar as a regular meeting if for some reason we don't actually need it it will get cancelled but we don't we shouldn't even say if needed we should just put it there and expect to have it July one normally we have only had one meeting in July because we've had three meetings in June because we've generally had the very last Monday in June a meeting to get the the budget done that meeting is listed as special meeting if needed on June 24th I would as a precautionary measure list July one as a regular meeting and just have us assume we're having one of those two but not both of them June 24 or July one depends on whether the budget's ready on June 17 is whether you just 24th or July one yeah I would suggest we keep July June 24th and get rid of July one because on June 24th we can still pass the budget by July one we have a little problem right which is why we normally have three in June and one in July yeah so I would eliminate July one that would be okay with me if with the change of regular meeting on June 24 are there other comments I'm looking I'm looking for hands Mandy Joe you still have your hand up all right with this calendar then I am going to make a motion trying to get something off the agenda um to adopt the 2024 town council meeting calendar as presented as amended okay you're right it was in the packet all right as amended is there a second second are there any other questions or comments then we'll take a roll call vote um I believe we're starting with an ecolopes yeah you do yes sure sure you can even find the next council in this case um Michelle Miller you need to vote to hi Dorothy Pam you need to vote to yes Pam Rooney yes you got to live with it Kathy you have to live with it yes Andy you have to live with it yes Jennifer you have to live with it yes Alisha you have to live with it yes Shalini you can find the next council yes Pat you have to live with it no hi hi uh Anna can you live with it I Lynn greece mersen I Vandy Joe hannoky I okay it's unanimous thank you Alisha did Alisha vote oh Alisha you voted yes yes I did thank you Michelle sorry I went so fast it's possible she didn't okay am I hearing that we're moving the executive session to next week because to the 11th okay that's right we haven't okay then in that case Dorothy I just wanted to say thank you to Mandy Joe for looking at the calendar and taking the time to think it through um I appreciate that I I do want to mention that actually Athena and I tried that and we messed up on the one issue and we already did know it I just want to give credit to Athena who first put it together um and we did look at holidays and we missed that one so our fault that was on I'm sorry Anna I see you okay I was no thanks what nothing it's all good okay okay uh appointments the only thing I want to mention is in your packet is a letter from the town clerk it it it notifies us of two vacancies on the housing authority because the positions were not filled during the election one position was filled by Raiden and that person has since declined so in the packet for either the 11th or the 18th I will advance a calendar that will begin with January 2nd for because that's when the 45 days start counting by which we have to do this and before then I would hope to be able to talk to the chair of the housing authority and talk about when what their cycle of meetings looked like one of the reasons this is not as urgent as the school committee was is because it's a five-member body it has three voting members on it and so after on as of January 2nd they will still have a quorum and can still do business Mandy Jo you have your hand up except I think the charter requires we fill it within 45 days just like any other one so it is just as urgent from getting it right done from the complying with the charter point of view it is and that's one reason why the calendar will start for on January 2nd okay uh committee reports any CRC are you still speaking to us we have a meeting next Thursday on the agenda will be we will start with nuisance property nuisance house renamed nuisance property bylaw from there we will move on to rental registration bylaw in addition to speaking and discussing the requests for revisions that everyone who wants them considered will send me by Friday at noon at noon I have to get them out to Athena by the by 1pm because of my afternoon schedule so if I don't have them by noon they're not making it in the packet before the weekend but we will also discuss on rental registration incorporating nuisance bylaw nuisance property bylaw language into the rental permitting bylaw to add potential violation no remedies remedies enforcement actions to the permitting bylaw as they relate to in violations of the nuisance property bylaw it'll all make sense when a report is written but those will be that will be part of the discussion of rental permitting on the 14th after that we will move to the transition memo solar bylaw will not be on for discussion on the 14th it will be pushed to the next council committee right it's in the yeah it'll be concluded in the transition memo but the transition memo was undergoing major revisions after tonight because what we just dumped on you elementary school building committee Kathy Aurelisha Kathy anything there's there's a meeting this Friday an agenda is posted but I have to add one additional item that we're going to talk about a process for figuring out what playground equipment so we're in the really fun phase of the project but it it's at 8 30 on Friday morning the only other details around this is we are rapidly moving to get it on the planning board agenda the conservation committee agenda and talking about the first site package which would be in the spring so this is is moving a lot of moving parts that are moving quickly I only have one request and that is would you make sure that the council and the public knows when the fence is going to go up so we can start observing absolutely and you did ask that last time and I haven't been able to come back with a good answer yet because we're talking about can we widen the driveways to go in and out and remove a tree so the trucks can get in and then the fence there is a date I'll find out about the fences yep the tree is the one that's going to give you the problem all right finance committee Andy um I was going to make your report tonight but uh I think I'll just put it into writing that was supplementing the piece that we already submitted thank you GL Pat the reports in the packet I'm assuming everyone read it we did thoroughly um Jones Library Anika Jones Library had a very quick meeting last time where we um really just approved some pending um invoices uh there was no financial report and the next meeting date has not been announced yet TSO Anika I say one thing about GL we have a meeting this Friday which is unusual at 9 a.m um and we're all yes and also on the 13th at a regular 9 30 time thank you TSO will meet this coming Thursday at 7 p.m and we will have a packed agenda okay liaison reports any okay uh pal paul you have a written report if there are any questions or comments I'm open to them and that's the only written report for the month of December so you could still ask questions next week or the following week okay um topics not reasonably anticipated we're not doing an executive session are there any councilor comments yes jennifer I just want to say that District 3 Dorothy and I are having our um you know last district meeting of the year on December 12th at the Jones Library in the Woodbury room from 6 to 8 and because it overlaps with dinner we will have pizza and it will for the district it'll be an opportunity to also say thank you to Dorothy I believe District 5 is doing a meeting too District 5 already had our meeting you did we did okay uh I believe that all uh districts have met the requirement of at least two meetings so you will have some next week you know what I'm glad I checked thank you um all right uh anything else councilor comments uh Pam thank you uh tonight was a really good example of uh the huge amount of information in the packet and unfortunately some of it arrived really just today so it is it is we don't have a mandate for information to be provided by a certain date and time ahead of a meeting but I'll it's it's really not possible sometimes to keep up with that load and it's not that it's a load but it's it's too late and it's too much sometimes how do we fix that do you know do we just say we aren't discussing it if we don't have it in the packet by a certain day we've talked about that but we don't seem to enforce it and rules of procedure have actually talked about this in GOL yeah yeah um any other council comments we have a meeting next week that begins at what time um I haven't heard responses from everybody that I polled but I think 6 30 works for everyone so we should plan on 6 30 and do you think the orientation might start earlier no no so 6 30 and the orientation for those that might not come to the orientation because maybe they're not going to be counselors next time okay is there a time where they should allow to show up how long do you want to allow for the orientation when we set the agenda on Wednesday we'll set a time to wrap the orientation so we can let counselors who aren't interested in that portion of the meeting know when they can attend for that regular business okay but we haven't gotten into the details of the orientation agenda enough for me to estimate I think it should be an hour but I want to make sure that that works with what we've planned first so but we'll let you know on Wednesday if that's okay okay thank you are there any other questions or comments Pam you have your hand up okay Mandy Jo you have your hand up I want to thank Athena I know it's not the end of the month yet but we just added another meeting to you and all of the packet items and all you added three well three meetings this month but we just oh no no no but tonight we added next week's meeting tonight it already existed we just made it worse yeah so I just want to thank Athena for all she does and I know she's been under a lot of stress and all for what we've been doing but thank you Athena well deserved extremely well deserved are there any other councilor comments seeing none the meeting is adjourned it's 11-06


Hello everyone, this is Amit Don of AmitDon.com. I'm on my way to Singapore and I'll be sharing my Toronto to Taipei Taiwan business class trip on Evo Airlines in this video If you haven't subscribed already, please subscribe now because there'll be more videos coming up from my Singapore Australia, New Zealand and Malaysia trip. So I'll see you shortly. Thank you


Hello, my name is Dr. Sanjay Goval, I am a senior consultant in hepatobiliary surgery and liver transplantation at the Manipal Hospital's Bangalore. So donor-liver matching is actually a very simple process. It's not like a kidney match. All we need is that the blood groups need to be compatible. So if you can get blood from your donor, you can get a liver from your donor.  We don't need any stronger matching than that. Chances of rejection, there is a condition called acute rejection, which is the most common type of rejection that occurs in approximately 30% of patients who undergo a transplant. But it is in the early weeks after transplant and it is the normal process of the body's, the recipient's immunity, the patient's immunity adjusting to the new liver. And it just means that we have to treat these acute rejections. It's rare for an acute rejection to cause any kind of a serious complication. Acute rejection is something that occurs over years but it causes significant damage to the graft in a very, very small proportion of patients, maybe about 5% of patients. And therefore, it's not usually a big worry as long as patients are taking their medication appropriately and are being looked after properly by their physicians. In rare, you know, some patients, it can still occur despite everyone's best efforts but the chances of that are very little. Actually, more than rejection, patients who have had a transplant, they tend to become obese, develop blood pressure, diabetes, heart disease. And these are things which also need monitoring and they constitute a bigger problem really in some patients who are not careful with their diet and exercise after transplant are more likely to cause problems than rejection.


Pope Francis arrives here in Washington. Many people very anxious for his arrival, but some groups are hoping that he's more than just words. What things I'd like to poke to do is I'd like him to Alstony Bishop who's complicit in endangering children. Survivors network of those abused by priests or SNAP have a global mission and they hope the Pope can help. Maybe something all of us are doing today will protect one child and then it's all worth it. Most members have a personal experience that has led them to press the church to protect its community's children. I was, well, six in this picture. The priest that raped me for years was my best friend's uncle. In a perfect world for them, Pope Francis will address their concerns directly while in the States. How long are you willing to wait if it's your child at risk? Well, first of all, a lot of the victims can't even bring themselves to the church. They can't bring themselves to look at someone from the college and that's not their fault. They don't need a mass for healing. They need a mass exodus of bishops who have been not held accountable.  As did his predecessor, Pope Benedict, during his United States visit in 2008. Here in Washington for the BU News Service, I'm Christina Ernie.


Should Tylenol be avoided as a morning after cure for a night before drinking? Acetaminophen, the active drug in Tylenol, is bad news for the liver if you take too much of it. The same is true for alcohol, so together, do they join forces to really mess things up for you? In many cases the answer is yes, but interestingly, the science behind this drug cocktail combination is not as obvious as you might think. Both acetaminophen and ethanol, the active ingredient in alcoholic drinks, are removed from your body through the process of metabolism. When faced with a substance that's hard to handle, your body produces enzymes to transform it into chemicals that are easier to get rid of. And as we're rather efficient organisms, it's not surprising that there are usually multiple metabolic pathways for getting rid of tough substances like acetaminophen and ethanol. The trouble is, some of these pathways lead to intermediate chemicals that are in themselves harmful. And this is what happens with acetaminophen. Acetaminophen is metabolised in the liver quite effectively through three different pathways. One of these involves an enzyme named CYP2E1. As you can see, toxicologists have a flair for the dramatic when naming substances. As CYP2E1 metabolises acetaminophen, it forms the rather toxic compound NAPQI. This is not something you want to have floating around your body. Fortunately, NAPQI is rapidly dealt with by a powerful antioxidant going by the name of glutathione or GSH. This is all good news for anyone taking Tylenol. But the kicker is that the body can only produce so many of these antioxidants. And so when the antioxidant GSH is all used up, the toxic NAPQI begins to build up and liver cells start to die. So what has this got to do with alcohol consumption? Ethanol is similarly dealt with in the liver by the same CYP2E1 enzyme, which means that if you have both ethanol and acetaminophen in your system, there are competing demands for a limited supply of the enzyme. And this is where things get interesting. If you aren't a regular drinker, when you do have a drink, your liver will start using CYP2E1 to get rid of the ethanol. If you pop a couple of Tylenol a few hours later to take the edge off your hangover, the chances are there's not going to be that much CYP2E1 left to handle it, as the ethanol has mopped up most of what your body can produce. Instead, the alternative acetaminophen metabolic pathways kick in. As a result, less of the toxic NAPQI is produced and some of the toxic side effects of acetaminophen are suppressed. In other words, the science indicates that the occasional drink may actually decrease the very real dangers of acetaminophen overdose. But if you drink a lot and drink regularly, things look very different. In this case, you've trained your body to produce more CYP2E1 and to produce it more regularly, which means that at any given time there's more of it likely to be around to transform acetaminophen into the harmful NAPQI. Even worse, ethanol reduces the rate at which the NAPQI-reducing GSH is produced and liver damage becomes more likely. The bottom line is that taking multiple drugs together can have complex and not always obvious consequences. In this case, the science suggests that an occasional night of social drinking with friends might actually curb the potential harm associated with taking too much acetaminophen. On the other hand, combining acetaminophen with a chronic drinking habit or binge drinking is most definitely bad news for your liver. Of course, as a safer alternative, you could always ditch the Tylenol for some other painkiller or even ease back on the ethanol. Now there is a radical idea.


This video provides a brief introduction to Red Hat OpenShift API Management, also known as ROM. It covers obtaining an OpenShift Dedicated Cluster on AWS, managing identity providers, installing the Red Hat OpenShift API Management add-on, using the service as a dedicated admin, and using the service as a developer. So to get started, you'll need to obtain an OpenShift Dedicated Cluster. This starts by logging in to cloud.redhat.com. Once you've logged in, you can select OpenShift Cluster Management, also known as OCM. Once you've selected OpenShift Cluster Management, you'll see existing clusters for your account or group. You can click the Create Cluster button and then select OpenShift Dedicated. Since Red Hat OpenShift API Management is only supported on OpenShift Dedicated at present. When prompted to choose a cloud vendor, select AWS. This is because Red Hat OpenShift API Management is only available on AWS at present. Various configuration options are available for the OpenShift Cluster, and these will be enabled or disabled based on your customer entitlements. A region can be selected, as can availability zones, and even instance types for your chosen cloud provider. Compute nodes can be selected, and network side arranges can be configured to facilitate customer networking, pod density, and scalability concerns. In this example here, we're going to go with mostly the standard options, so our cluster will be public, and we're also going to use the basic networking configuration. Once you're ready, go ahead and choose Create Cluster. This will start the provisioning process, and you'll be redirected to a page that has the installation progress. It'll take a few minutes, but your cluster will become available after a short time. After the cluster has been provisioned, you'll need to configure an identity provider, as highlighted by the OCM UI. Clicking the Add OAuth configuration link will present the Create Identity Provider dialog. A few standard IDPs are supported, as is any provider that supports an open ID flow. For this demo, I've configured a GitHub IDP. This just involves copying, pasting some settings from a GitHub organization, so we'll skip ahead. Once the identity provider is configured, it will be listed in the OCM UI. Next, it's time to choose a user, or list of users, to a point as dedicated admins. You can do this by entering their username, which in this case is my GitHub username. I can now go ahead and test everything is working as expected by clicking the open console link, and logging in by choosing my IDP from the list. Since I'm using GitHub, I'm redirected to them to authorize the organization access, and then I'm redirected back to OpenShift. Installing Roan, the Red Hat OpenShift API management add-on, is a straightforward experience. Simply choose the add-ons tab for the cluster in OCM, and if you have the correct entitlements, you'll be able to click Install. If you specified a custom site or range when creating your OSD cluster, you'll also need to provide the add-on with similar information. You'll also be asked for an email address. This email address will be the recipient for alerts related to the API management service. For example, if you exceed rate limits defined by your SKU. A user with the dedicated admin role can log into the cluster and observe the managed services operators being installed. It's important to note that the managed services operators can only be viewed by dedicated admins. A dedicated admin cannot modify or delete these operators. Once the installation is complete, Red Hat applications and managed services will be displayed within the OpenShift application launcher. Clicking on the API management link will allow a user to access the three-scale dashboard. To log in, they'll use the configured IDP on the cluster. Since this user I'm using is a dedicated admin, you can see they have full access to the default three-scale tenant. They can view developer accounts, modify the developer portal, and they can also configure SSO integrations. Speaking of SSO integrations, this provides us with a nice segue to take a look at the Red Hat SSO instance provided with Roam. The SSO instance can be accessed via the OpenShift application launcher. Similar to the three-scale API management and OpenShift console itself, log in occurs using the configured IDP on the cluster. The dedicated admin user can view and make some modifications in the master realm. You can see here that we're demonstrating how to create a new realm and also a client in the SSO portal. Let's see how these can be used with three-scale. Now that the client has been prepared, we can copy the details across into the relevant fields in the three-scale developer portal settings and create an SSO integration. We can go ahead and test it out. And in this process, also validate that the three-scale SMTP settings are operating as expected. This part of the signup process involves providing our email. This will allow us to verify the SMTP settings. A short time after signing up, we can head over to our email inbox and see that the email has in fact been delivered. So now I'll switch from Firefox to Chrome and demonstrate the product using a user that is not part of the dedicated admins group. So you can see here that I'm using a different user here in Chrome than I was in Firefox. Another notable difference is that the link to OCM is no longer included in the OpenShift application launcher. Let's see what happens when this user tries to navigate to the three-scale console. You can see the login flow is the same and it uses my GitHub IDP. However, you can see this user doesn't have access to much. They'll need to be granted access by a user that has necessary permissions to do so, such as the dedicated admin I was using previously. Let's check out Red Hat SSO next. As you can see, this user can log in and view the master realm. But many UI options are no longer rendered. For example, the users and clients are not displayed. This user can create a realm if they need to for their own application. But as you can see, the access to the master realm is restricted for them versus the dedicated admin users. And this concludes the introduction to Red Hat OpenShift API management.


Kurapika's character has always been fascinating to me, when I consider why, his conviction sets him apart from any other character I can think of. He has unmatched resolve, and his fury has no bounds or limits, and Togashi weaves his in combat abilities to reflect his resolve and anger, as well as his journey, which makes me appreciate him even more. Kurapika's allure begins with his unique design. His androgynous appearance, beginning with his lengthy blonde hair, the chan user is rather small and skinny in size, with a single earring and large eyes. Kurapika's face doesn't have any sharp, powerful lines in his design that suggest aggression or strength. That upon first view, Kurapika struck me as someone gentle, kind and unassuming, when he is in fact one of the most calculated, careful and observant characters in the show. He approaches situations with logic and facts, and always has contingencies for whatever matter presents itself. His morality and values are strict and rigid, and he does everything to uphold the kurta name. The way he carries himself and even the way he speaks is with grace, caution, and an air of self-respect. Every last word is calculated. And Kurapika, while being cold and distant, has shown the ability to care and to open up, but underneath an unassuming gaze hides fury like none other. And he juxtaposes all of these traits with a sometimes reckless abandon, confidence and power behind his small frame. We all know Kurapika's backstory, member of the kurta clan who was slaughtered a few years prior by the phantom troop. And his only goal is to seek vengeance and to retrieve the scarlet eyes of his people. But what sets Kurapika apart from many vengeance driven characters is that resolve and determination. Kurapika will stop at absolutely nothing to fulfill his goal, and when you couple that with his intellect, he becomes one of the scariest characters in the series. Above it all, that resolve is brought to life with his Nen contract, as Kurapika is willing to sacrifice his life if it means he can have the strength to face the troop. Kurapika's path is one that has true consequences, and if he continues, the consequence will be self-destruction. His goal is simple and easily digestible, but when looking at it a little further, it makes the chain user so interesting. As we understand to what lengths he will go to in order to reach his goal and questioning whether or not those lengths are worth the loss of self. While the bulk of Kurapika's story comes in the York New City arc, the bits of Kurapika's scarlet eyes that were showcased in the Hunter exam highlights the slow descent into rage. Specifically the way he felt uneasy after his anger got the best of him against Majitani with the fake spider tattoo, which displayed his initial feelings towards the spiders. But also how his resolve always pushed those feelings to the side. It also shows the first of three shown phases of Kurapika's descent. This being the young Kurta dipping his toes into the water. The York New City arc really showcased Kurapika's personality. The chain user who has so much confidence in not only his abilities but in his own rage, as he faces the physically strongest member of the troop alone, and digging Uwugin's grave beforehand, and his reaction to killing the spider is quite similar to the one against Majitani. When looking at the troop and specifically Corolo, the boss is Kurapika's foil, and really elevates his character. What is most glaring when comparing and contrasting the two is that Kurapika prefers to be alone while Corolo puts the utmost importance on the spiders. But further than that, Kurapika has very specific goals and ideals. He wants to chain the spiders down in her trevus kinsman's eyes. And all of the work he's done is towards that one goal. But Corolo and the troop have no tangible goal or motivation. They do as they want and as they please, they don't have morals or values, except for following the rules of the troop and protecting one another. To them, killing or stealing carries no weight, and Kurapika cannot understand that, as he is someone who is incredibly logical and how he approaches situations. More than that, his values and strict morals are ones that are crafted by the Kurta. And that's evident by looking at his many interactions, most notably in the hunter exam, which further points the dissonance between Corolo, the troop, and Kurapika. Notice as he questions Pakunota and Uvokin, he is in constant pursuit to fundamentally understand why and how the spiders function. And even to Corolo he asks, Kurapika cannot fathom that the spiders don't have an ulterior motive instead of taking what they want. Some of them love combat, others might not revel in it as Uvo did, but they all value each other. And as melody points out, for that section of the York New City arc, Kurapika and Pakunota are driven by the same thing, to save their friends. And while I'm sure Kurapika knows this, again he can't fathom that these monsters have a sense of humanity. And comparing that same chain user to the one we see by the end of the anime, Kurapika is farther away from Gon, Killua, and Liorio than he has ever been, not even checking up on Gon when he was hospitalized. But Corolo's philosophy has always been on survival of the whole and not the individual. Aside from that, Corolo is an emblem of calm and composure, and even in danger never loses his front, while Kurapika has fits of rage and uncontrollable anger. I think that sometimes Kurapika feels that the aid of others will strip him of the purity of his rage and might even quell it. And while I haven't read much of the manga, I do know that Kurapika has lost his best friend, which is what this scene alludes to. And so Kurapika fears that he might lose his friends again, especially when Gon, Killua, and Liorio get involved. And considering everything that Gon has done for him, and everything he has sacrificed for Kurapika, including all of those moments in the Hunter exam. Which explains the chain user's willingness to put his goals aside for them, and I think it's that very reason why he distanced himself from the duo for the same reasons that he didn't want them getting involved in the first place. That attachment is very difficult for him, and might remind him of worse times while also impeding his goal. Gon means a lot to Kurapika, and that's evident, but he's always been somebody who, when his mind is made up about a goal, he pursues it until the very end. And when the final episode of the anime does show Kurapika, he looks more determined than ever, having retrieved more of the Scarlet Eyes. For a short moment in the York New City arc, when the Phantom Troop was believed to be dead, Kurapika seemed to begin undergoing the process of grieving properly, and that moment had me questioning the type of person Kurapika could become, and what a journey of finding his kinsmen eyes without the task of killing the Troop would look like, as he shared a laugh with Gon and Killua. It was a moment where Kurapika felt emptiness, and it really hammered the idea that Kurapika doesn't have a purpose in life if it isn't avenging his clan. But it was a moment of peace, while brief, it showed him that he could move on and start healing, because of the four by his side, including Melody. But as the spiders proved to be alive, his hatred seemed to be renewed and even stronger, which makes the young Kurta's story that much more interesting. Kurapika is in a prison of his own hatred, and his absolute need for vengeance has made him believe that this path is the only way to redeem himself to his fallen people, as he has no purpose if it isn't tied to the Kurta and their eyes. What is also interesting to me is Kurapika's self awareness, let's not forget that this is one of the smartest characters in this series. He is fully aware of what he is doing, and the toll that it's taking on him. But he knows that this is something he must do. Like he says to Uvo, it makes him sick, it's exhausting for Kurapika to carry this sorrow, but his rage has no bounds and almost acts like a second personality. His rage is all he knows. When I think of a masterfully crafted and tragic story of vengeance, I think of Kurapika. And as I look forward to seeing him again, I'm curious to see where his story will take him, and if it will end in his own death. If his rage will carry him against the troop, or if it will quell over time. And if it doesn't, I think about the kind of state that Kurapika will be in. I think about if he will have completely drowned in fury and lost himself. Or if and how he will manage to find a true purpose in his life. Something crafted and willed by his own mind and his own resolve, not formed by unprocessed grief. If he wants to truly honor the kurta, is this the way? Or is it in living the way they were? Or moving on how they'd want him to? York New City showed us that Kurapika, while descending into dangerous territory, still has his humanity. And he showed that respect to Uvo, giving him a burial, and always honoring his deals with Corolo and Pakunota. But the Kurapika we see at the end of the series, the one who didn't visit Gown who nearly died, is quite out of character of the Kurapika he once knew. It looks like he has been completely overtaken by his vengeance. Because the Kurapika of the York New City arc, or of the Hunter exam especially, would have been by Gown's side. Because Gown risked his life for Kurapika, and proved his dedication to his friends caused by being willing to have a nendagger around his heart. That Kurapika would have no doubt been by Gown's side, as a thanks. Because again, Kurapika carries a strict code of honor and respect. But at the end of it all, Kurapika is the lone survivor of the Kurtaklan, and he feels so much anger and sadness. He's in so much pain and feels as though this is the path to healing. But that path to the light has shown itself in those around him, and I think that deep down he knows that. But the feelings of determination and vengeance tend to take over Kurapika's mind. Kurapika has this inner war between serenity and rage, as well as solitude and company.  And he knows that Gown, Killua, Leorio, and Melody are all in his corner, but he constantly pushes them away. And Kurapika is one of my favorite characters because of that duality, and the thin line he treads between Fury and Solace in his every appearance. Now you'll know the pain of losing your home.


My most favorite memory from coming here to the Youth Center was actually my first day because I got pushed into the crowd and had to adapt to everybody. One of the funnest activities that I have here at the Youth Center, I'd definitely say playing pool. A lot of my friends and I were very competitive in pool. There's a lot of soccer fans here and so we play soccer every once in a while and that's one of my personal favorite sports. I like to be out there and be part of the games and participate. Why I think that it is important to have a Youth Center here in our community is to help the youth that are either feeling emotional or maybe they just need somewhere to go during the summer and have fun. I've had obstacles with bullying and that was a big problem with me growing up. I had a bad reputation, I'd like to make fun of people and just be nasty and mean to everybody. Around third grade I kind of realized that you can't be like this to people, it's wrong. And a lot of people, if they're having a hard time I'd like to help them out. I've had a lot of friends that, one of them had told me I'm just having a hard time at home, nobody would like to hang out with me and so I helped them out and I introduced them to my friends, I told them come on participate in more activities that we have here. We also have counseling here at the Youth Center and so I think that could help a lot. So they can find a place where they belong and where they can hang out with other children and make friends and have a good time. A lot of people pass by, not knowing that it's such a fun place and just thinking it's an office. With the meal program everybody can have a good lunch, kind of like me I get aggravated and grumpy, like a troll under a bridge when I don't get any lunch and so everybody can just have a good meal and everybody could last until like the end of the day. I think we should spread the word about the Youth Center because people should bring their kids more often because it's just an amazing place.


This study investigates heat waves in Taiwan and their maintenance mechanism using observations and simulations, finding that they are associated with abnormally warm and drying atmospheric conditions under the control of an enhanced western north Pacific subtropical high, which leads to positive feedback and traps warm and humid air in the surface layer. This article was authored by M. T. Kuay, C. Y. Lin, Y. J. Chuang, and others.


This is a record section from the 2004 Sumatra Andaman earthquake.  So on the x-axis here is time and then on the y-axis is distance and degrees. And each of these seismograms is plotted with the name of its station and its distance away from the earthquake. So what I'm going to do now is just focus on one of these stations of the station SBA here and I'm going to show you just by sketching the path that each of these arriving waves took to get from the earthquake to the station. You can see that these colored bars here are arrival time picks for various waves and this is probably done by an automatic picker that knows about how long it takes each type of wave to get from one point to another on Earth. So if I just make this little sketch right here of the Earth and I'm leaving out the crust here but basically this is a cross section. Here's the mantle and here's the outer core and here's the inner core. And let's just pretend that my earthquake happened right up here at the top. We can kind of pick any spot I guess. And I'm going to choose this station SBA because it's handily almost exactly 90 degrees away. That's easy for me to freehand. Let's just put it at 90 degrees. So we'll draw a little house. That's our seismometer over there. And the first arriving wave that gets from the earthquake to this seismometer is this one that's marked in green right here. That's the direct P wave. The path that the direct P wave takes through the mantle is kind of like that. So there's the direct P wave. Notice how it curves. It doesn't follow a straight line path. And that's because seismic wave speed increases with depth. Now the next arriving wave is this rival marked in red and that's double P. What double P does is it goes through the mantle and bounces once in between the earthquake and the station and then it continues on its way back to the station. So in each of these waves is a P wave in the mantle so we call it PP. The next arriving wave, well actually this orange one and this yellow one come practically on top of each other. The orange one is the direct S wave. And the direct S wave follows the exact same path as the direct P wave. Only shear waves are slower so that's why it takes longer to get from the earthquake to the station. The yellow one is a little more interesting. It's an S wave that bounces off the core mantle boundary and then gets to your station. So it's S and then that little bounce point is called little C and then S. So the entire wave is called SCS. And the next arriving wave is this pink one and the pink one is double S which follows the same path as double P. Only shear waves are slower so it takes longer to get to the station. And those are all the waves that are marked here. Now we have this big high amplitude thing coming in a little bit later on and those are actually surface waves. So they travel along a path like this. It takes them longer to get there because the crust doesn't transmit waves as fast.


hi guys welcome to a new video. i am going to film a desk tour. i'm at work right now and um yeah i'm just gonna show you around the desk. i'm sorry i'm kind of talking quietly it's not focusing. i'm kind of talking quietly because like there's people here like coming in and out. so without further ado let's just get into the desk tour. okay so here's my desk. sorry i'm kind of talking low. i don't know if anyone's around. people are coming in and but this is my desk. so we have our monitors up here. i have two monitors. there's a desk over here that kind of like is attached to mine as you can see um but anyway here's my phone. i don't know if i... oh yep so there's my little phone. it has my name on it. then we have our speakers here. you can plug in the headphones there which i normally do. here's my little pencil holder and here's my little woven basket that i keep like cards and sticky notes in and then i have my little plants here. i got my little pumpkin. i normally keep my water bottle or reusable cup here and then as you can see i have my pictures and then we have the keyboard obviously and here's my little mouse and the mouse pad that you guys saw me get and then we have the actual computer here like all the hardware stuff. this is an sd card reader and then over here when i'm normally working i keep my notebook and planner here and then any papers that i might need for the day or something um and then in this drawer i keep headphones and um the paperwork about my job in here and then i keep napkins in here and then we have some office supplies. we also have some scissors back here so we have a hole punch and tape and then in here i keep my bag with everything and um the lid to the little woven basket and an umbrella because it always rings here in florida and this just goes in like so so during the day i just sit here and do my work. we also have a white board up there with like the calendar and events but i'm not going to show that obviously but um yeah well when there's a trash can and um this other desk so i'm kind of like attached to the newsroom over here there's just like cubicles over here i'm trying to cover up something and then over there is just like managers offices and then in there um is like another office where i used to work but this is like my official desk so yeah it's pretty much it um if you guys are wondering where i got this like little picture frame thing it's so cute actually um as you can see it has a little clip there you could just clip the pictures i'll link it down below it's on amazon matches everything so well and um here is my little sweater cardigan thing it's so nice because it kind of gets cold here sometimes and this matches pretty much everything because it's like a neutral color rather than that it's pretty much my desk and chair if you wanted to see and you cared i'm not trying to rhyme it just happened that way i got it thumbnail luckily there was this file cabinet that i could set you guys on and the lighting is pretty good because well as you can see like over there the lights are off but in here the lights are on so that is going to be it for this video i hope you guys enjoyed it i know it's like kind of short sweet kind of to the point i think that's about it so give this video a thumbs up don't forget to subscribe and i'll see you guys in my next video bye