Al-Battani and Ibn al-Shatir, have which mutual occupation?
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Al-Battani Abū ʿAbd Allāh Muḥammad ibn Jābir ibn Sinān al-Raqqī al-Ḥarrānī aṣ-Ṣābiʾ al-Battānī (Arabic: محمد بن جابر بن سنان البتاني) (Latinized as Albategnius, Albategni or Albatenius) (c. 858 – 929) was an Arab astronomer, astrologer, and mathematician. He introduced a number of trigonometric relations, and his "Kitāb az-Zīj" was frequently quoted by many medieval astronomers, including Copernicus.
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Ibn al-Shatir Ibn al-Shatir or Ibn ash-Shatir (Arabic: ابن الشاطر‎ ‎ ; 1304–1375) was an Arab astronomer. He worked as "muwaqqit" (موقت, religious timekeeper) in the Umayyad Mosque in Damascus and constructed a sundial for its minaret in 1371/72.
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Al-Juwayni Imam al-Haramayn Dhia' ul-Din Abd al-Malik ibn Yusuf al-Juwayni al-Shafi'i (Persian: امام الحرمین ضیاءالدین عبدالملک ابن یوسف جوینی شافعی‎ ‎ , 17 February 1028— 19 August 1085; 419—478 AH) was a Persian Sunni Shafi'i jurist and mutakallim theologian. His name is commonly abbreviated as Al-Juwayni; he is also commonly referred to as Imam al Haramayn, meaning "leading master of the two holy cities", that is, Mecca and Medina.
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Ibn Uthal Ibn Uthal or Ibn Athal (Arabic: ابن أثال‎ ‎ ) was an Arab Christian who served as the personal physician of the caliph Mu'awiya I and was regarded as the most distinguished of the medical practitioners of the early Umayyad period. His medical knowledge can be considered a continuation of the tradition that existed in pre-Islamic Arabia. He was skilled in toxicology and was reportedly killed in a revenge attack.
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Ishaq Ibn Rahwayh Abū Yaʻqūb Isḥāq ibn Ibrāhīm ibn Mukhallad al-Ḥanzalī (Arabic: أبو يعقوب إسحاق بن إبراهيم بن مخْلد الحنظلي‎ ‎ ), commonly known as Ishaq Ibn Rahwayh (Arabic: إسحاق بن راهويه‎ ‎ ; 161 AH – 238 AH), was the muhaddith, faqih and the imam of Khurasan of his time. He was given the title of "the leader of the believers in the field of hadith" (amir al-muʼminīn fī al-ḥadīth) for his major contributions to the science of hadith. It is said that Ibn Rahwayh memorized more than one hundred thousand hadiths.
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Abu Sulayman Sijistani Abu Sulayman Muhammad Sijistani, (Persian: ابوسلیمان سجستانی‎ ‎ ) also called al-Mantiqi (the Logician) (c. 932 – c. 1000 CE), named for his origins in Sijistan or Sistan province in present-day Iran, became the leading Persian philosopher of Islamic humanism in the Baghdad of his time.
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Izz al-Din ibn 'Abd al-Salam 'Izz al-Din 'Abd al-'Aziz ibn 'Abd al-Salam ibn Abi 'l-Qasim ibn al-Hasan al-Dimashqi, Sultan al-'Ulama, Abu Muhammad al-Sulami, was a famous mujtahid, theologian, jurist and the leading Shafi'i authority of his generation.
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Al-Humaydi Imam al-Humaydi was a hafiz, faqih from Shafi'i jurisprudence scholar and Shaykh of the al-Haram. He studied under Imam Shafi'i himself in his majlis. He also studied and narrated hadith from Sufyan ibn Uyainah and Fudhail ibn Iyadh. His pupils included "Al-Aimah" such as Al-Bukhari, An-Nasa'i, At-Turmudhi, Abu Zur'a al-Razi and Abu Hatim al-Razi. He died in Mecca in 219 AH.
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Ibn Abi al-Ashʿath Ibn Abi al-Ashʿath (Arabic: أحمد بن محمد بن محمد بن أبي الأشعث‎ ‎ ; d. 975 CE) was a Persian physician of medieval Islam. He wrote a large number of commentaries on Galen's works.
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Al-Hasan ibn 'Ali al-Barbahari Al-Ḥasan ibn ʻAlī al-Barbahārī was a Muslim theologian from Iraq. He was a scholar and jurist who played an important role in the Sunni struggle against the Shia missionaries and successfully opposed the progress of Mu'tazilism in the Abbasid Caliphate during the 10th-11th (4th-5th AH) centuries. His books are peppered with stinging remarks that place the Shias, Qadaris, Mu'tazilis and Ash'aris in an extremely negative light. He was responsible for a number of invasive pogroms and instances of sectarian violence in 10th-century Baghdad. Princeton University scholar of Islamic history Michael Cook has described al-Barbahari as a manifest demagogue.
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Al-Dhahabi Muhammad ibn Ahmad ibn `Uthman ibn Qayyim `Abu `Abd Allah Shams ad-Din al-Dhahabi (Arabic: محمد بن احمد بن عثمان بن قيم ، أبو عبد الله شمس الدين الذهبي‎ ‎ ), known as Al-Dhahabi (5 October 1274–3 February 1348), a Shafi'i Muhaddith and historian of Islam.
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Abd al-Rahman al-Shaghouri Sayyid ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn Muṣṭafā ibn ʿAbd al-Raḥmān Zayn al-ʿAbidīn al-Shāghūrī al-Ḥusaynī (Arabic: أبو منير عبد الرحمن بن عبد الرحمن بن مصطفى بن عبد الرحمن زين العابدين المشهور بالشاغوري‎ ‎ ) was a Syrian Sufi master of the Hashimi-Darqawi branch of the Shadhili tariqa, as well as poet, textile worker, and trade unionist.
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Said al-Andalusi Ṣāʿid al‐Andalusī (1029–1070) was an Andalusi Muslim Qadi. He was born at Almería and died at Toledo. Said Al-Andalusi was a historian, philosopher of science and thought, and mathematical scientist with a special interest in astronomy. As an acclaimed Qadi in the functionary court at Toledo, he assembled a well-educated group of young, precision instrument makers, astronomers and scientists, the most renowned of whom was Al-Zarqali. He was the author of the treatise "Rectification of Planetary Motions and Exposition of Observers' Errors" and contributed to the Tables of Toledo.
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Abu Muqri Mohammed al-Battiwi Abu Muqri (or Miqra) Mohammed ibn Ali al-Battiwi (fl. 1331) was a Moroccan astronomer who wrote a poem (urzaja) on the calendar, astronomy and the determination of the hours of prayer. It has been commented upon by o.a. Abd al-Rahman al-Jadiri (1375–1416) and Al-Qalasadi (1412–1487). He was a native of the Rif region.
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Ibn Abi Zar Abū al-Hassan ‘Alī ibn Abī Zar‘ al-Fāsī (Arabic: أبو الحسن علي بن أبي زرع الفاسي‎ ‎ ) (d. between 1310 and 1320) is the commonly presumed original author of the popular and influential medieval history of Morocco known as "Rawd al-Qirtas", said to have been written at the instigation of Marinid Sultan Abu Sa'id Uthman II. His full nasab is sometimes given as "ibn Abd Allah ibn Abi Zar" and sometimes as "ibn Muhammad ibn Ahmad ibn Umar ibn Abi Zar". The uncertainty about his name and authorship of the Rawd is caused by the many variant manuscripts in circulation since the Middle Ages. Very little is known about his life except that he was evidently a scholar at Fes.
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Ibn Battuta Muhammad Ibn Battuta or Ibn Baṭūṭah ( ; Arabic: محمد ابن بطوطة‎ ‎ ); February 25, 13041368 or 1369), fully ʾAbū ʿAbd al-Lāh Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd al-Lāh l-Lawātī ṭ-Ṭanǧī ibn Baṭūṭah (أبو عبد الله محمد بن عبد الله اللواتي الطنجي بن بطوطة ), was a Moroccan scholar who widely travelled the medieval world. Over a period of thirty years, Ibn Battuta visited most of the Islamic world and many non-Muslim lands, including North Africa, the Horn of Africa, West Africa, the Middle East, India, Central Asia, Southeast Asia, and China. Near the end of his life, he dictated an account of his journeys, titled A Gift to Those Who Contemplate the Wonders of Cities and the Marvels of Travelling (تحفة النظار في غرائب الأمصار وعجائب الأسفار , "Tuḥfat an-Nuẓẓār fī Gharāʾib al-Amṣār wa ʿAjāʾib al-Asfār"), usually simply referred to as TheTravels (الرحلة , "Rihla"). This account of his journeys provides a picture of medieval civilization that is still widely consulted today.
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Muqatil ibn Sulayman Muqātil ibn Sulaymān (Arabic: أبو الحسن مقاتل بن سليمان البلخى‎ , "Abū-l Ḥassan Muqātil ibn Sulaymān Al-Balkhī " ‎ ) (d. 767 C.E.) was an 8th-century Sunni mufassir of the Quran.
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Sharik Ibn-e-Judair Sharik Ibn Judair was a Sahabi of Ali and fought for him in Battle of Siffin. He was also very close to the Malik al-Ashtar. According to some traditions, he was killed by Hussain Ibn Numayer in a fight with Ubaidullah Ibn Ziyad with Mukhtar-e-Thaqafi.
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Hashmi Hashmi (Arabic: هَاشِمِي‎ ‎ , Urdu: ‎ , Bengali: হাশমী , Hindi: हाशमी ) is a surname, referring descent from the Banu Hashim clan of Quraish with a unique maternal bloodline of Israelite ancestry through Salma bint Amr of Banu Najjar. This makes Banu Hashim both an Ishmaelites and Israelites tribe. The Islamic Prophet, Muhammad was a member of this Arab tribe; his great-grandfather was Hashim ibn Abd Manaf, for whom the tribe is named. Members of this clan are referred to as Hashemites. It can also be transliterated as "(Al) Hashemi" and "(Al) Hashimi" , Hashemites , Hashemites (disambiguation).
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Al-Muti Abū ʾl-Qāsim al-Faḍl ibn al-Muqtadir (914 – September/October 974), better known by his regnal name of al-Mutīʿ li-ʾllāh (Arabic: المطيع لله‎ ‎ , "obedient to God"), was the Abbasid Caliph in Baghdad from 946 to 974. He had long aspired to the office. Between him and the previous Caliph, al-Mustakfi, bitter enmity existed, which led him to retire into hiding.
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Sulayman al-Hawwat Abu al-Rabi Sulayman ibn 'Abd Allah al-Hawwat Shafshawani (1747–1816) was a Moroccan historian, biographer and poet.
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Ibn Kathir Ismail ibn Kathir (Arabic: ابن كثير‎ ‎ , born c. 1300, died 1373) was a highly influential Sunni scholar of the Shafi'i school during the Mamluk rule of Syria, an expert on tafsir (Quranic exegesis) and faqīh (jurisprudence) as well as a historian. Al-Hafiz Ibn Hajar Al-Asqalani said about him, “Ibn Kathir worked on the subject of the Hadith in the texts (متون) and chains of narrators (رجال). He had a good memory, his books became popular during his lifetime, and people benefited from them after his death.”