The Stewart Indian School opened in 1890 with 37 students from Washoe and Shoshone tribes as well as what three closely related groups of indigenous peoples of the Great Basin?
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Stewart Indian School The Stewart Indian School (1890-1980) was an Indian school southeast of Carson City, NV. The school was a part of the Native American boarding schools project, infamous for removing children from their families, forbidding the speaking of native languages, sexual abuse, and other forms of harsh treatment. The school was named for Nevada's first senator, William M. Stewart and opened on December 17, 1890. It has also been known as Stewart Institute, Carson Industrial School, and Carson Indian School. The school opened with 37 students from Washoe, Paiute and Shoshone tribes and was staffed by 3 teachers. Students were taught basic educational classes but focused on vocational skills such as agriculture, ranching and carpentry.
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Paiute Paiute ( ; also Piute) refers to three closely related groups of indigenous peoples of the Great Basin:
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Shoshone-Episcopal Mission Shoshone-Episcopal Mission (also known as Shoshone-Episcopal Mission School for Shoshone Girls) is a historic mission and school in Fort Washakie, Wyoming. The school was built from 1889 to 1890 by Rev. John Roberts, the minister and teacher on the Wind River Indian Reservation. Roberts built the boarding school to teach the Shoshone girls living on the reservation; as many of the students lived up to 20 mi away from the school, it was necessary to build a boarding school to teach them. The school later became the headquarters of the entire Episcopal mission on the reservation.
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Escanjaque Indians The Escanjaques were a native American people named this by Juan de Onate in 1601 during an expedition to the Great Plains of Texas, Oklahoma, and Kansas. The Escanjaques may have been identical with the Aguacane who lived along the tributaries of the Red River in western Oklahoma. If so, they were probably related to the people later known as the Wichita.
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Washitaw Nation The Washitaw Nation, or "Washitaw de Dugdahmoundyah", is a group of Black Americans that claim to be a sovereign Native American nation within the boundaries of the United States. Their name is taken from that of the Ouachita tribe, who are also eponymous of the Washita River and of Washita, Oklahoma. The group is part of the sovereign citizen movement, a movement whose members generally believe that they are not subject to any statutes or proceedings at the federal, state, or municipal levels.
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Mohave people Mohave or Mojave (Mojave: 'Aha Makhav) are a Native American people indigenous to the Colorado River in the Mojave Desert. The Fort Mojave Indian Reservation includes territory within the borders of California, Arizona, and Nevada. The Colorado River Indian Reservation includes parts of California and Arizona and is shared by members of the Chemehuevi, Hopi, and Navajo peoples.
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Susanville Indian Rancheria The Susanville Indian Rancheria is a federally recognized ranchería of Native Americans in northeastern California whose people are from the Washoe, Achomawi, Mountain Maidu, Northern Paiute, and Atsugewi tribes.
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Tübatulabal The Tübatulabal are an indigenous people of Kern River Valley in the Sierra Nevada range of Southern California. They may have been the first people to make this area their permanent home. Today many of them are enrolled in the Tule River Indian Tribe. They are descendants of the people of the Uto-Aztecan language group, separating from Shoshone people about 3000 years ago.
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Great Basin College Great Basin College is a member of the Nevada System of Higher Education, located in Elko, Nevada, United States. Opened in 1967 as "Elko Community College", it was later renamed to "Northern Nevada Community College" and then to its current name. It has 3,436 students.
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Mechoopda The Mechoopda are a tribe of Maidu people, an indigenous peoples of California. They are enrolled in the Mechoopda Indian Tribe of Chico Rancheria, a federally recognized tribe. Historically, the tribe has spoken Konkow, a language related to the Maidu language, and as of 2010, has created digital learning materials from old recordings of Emma Cooper, made during the 1940s as a part of the war effort.
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Yavapai Yavapai are a Native American tribe in Arizona. Historically, the Yavapai – literally “people of the sun” (from "enyaeva" “sun” + "pai" “people”) – were divided into four geographical bands who identified as separate, independent peoples: the Ɖo:lkabaya, or Western Yavapai; the Yavbe', or Northwestern Yavapai; the Guwevkabaya, or Southeastern Yavapai; and the Wi:pukba, or Northeastern Yavapai - Verde Valley Yavapai.
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Nevada Basin The Nevada Basin is the Great Basin area surrounded by river basins and, to the east, the Great Salt Lake basin (Pleistocene Lake Bonneville basin). The bounding river basins include those of the following (clockwise from south-southeast): Sevier River, Muddy River (Meadow Valley Wash, White River), Las Vegas Wash, Colorado River, Mojave River, Amargosa River, Owens River, Lake Lahontan basin (Walker River, Carson River, Humboldt River, Reese River), and Snake River. The 1850 diagonal California state lines with the Utah Territory & New Mexico Territory are along the general direction of the Nevada Basin's southwest drainage divide (rim), while the north-to-south rim on the east is through the area of the three meridians (1861, 1862, & current 1864) used for the Nevada-Utah state line.
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Tabby-To-Kwanah Chief Tabby-To-Kwanah (or Tabby, Tabiona, or Tabiuna; 1789 – 1898) was the leader of Timpanogos when they were displaced to the Uintah and Ouray Indian Reservation. He rose to power as a young man and was sub-chief under his cousin Chief Walkara when the Mormon pioneers first arrived in Timpanogos territory. He was one of the principal clan leaders over a band in southern Utah Valley, along with Chief Peteetneet and Grospene. He was a grandson of Turunianchi, who was the leader when the Timpanogos first contacted the Europeans during the Dominguez–Escalante Expedition. Turunianchi's grandsons made up the royal line of "brothers" (even though they were cousins) referred to by Brigham Young. Tabby-To-Kwanah means "Child of the Sun." Tabiona, Utah is named after him.
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Salish Kootenai College Salish Kootenai College (SKC) is a Native American tribal college based in Pablo, Montana which serves the Bitterroot Salish, Kootenai, and Pend d'Oreilles tribes. The SKC's main campus is on the Flathead Reservation. There are three satellite locations in Washington in Colville, Spokane, and Wellpinit. Approximately 1,207 students attend SKC. Although enrollment is not limited to Native American students, SKC's primary function is to serve the needs of Native American people. The College is notable for being publicly sued under the Federal False Claims Act by former employees for falsifying student records to continue receiving public grant funding from the United States Department of Human Services and the United States Department of Indian Health Services.
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Amikwa people The Amikwa (Ojibwe: "Amikwaa", "Beaver People"; from "amik", "beaver"), also as Amicouës, Amikouet, etc., were a Native American clan, one of the first recognized by Europeans in the 17th century. The Amikwa were Anishinaabeg peoples, and spoke an Ojibwe language. In the Jesuit Relations, the Amikwa were referred to as the Nez Perce (not to be confused with the Pacific Northwest Nez Perce people). They inhabited the north shore of Lake Huron, opposite the island of Manitoulin, along the shores between Missisagi and French Rivers, and along Spanish River. In September 1753, Bacqueville de la Potherie claimed that they inhabited the shores of Lake Nipissing. They were a large, powerful group allied with the Nipissings and related to the Outchougai, Mandua, and Atchiligouan peoples. The Amikwa were nearly wiped out by disease and wars with the Iroquois and the last of the tribe appear to have merged with the Nipissings or the Ojibwe.
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Shoshone The Shoshone or Shoshoni ( or ) are a Native American tribe with four large cultural/linguistic divisions:
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Sauk-Suiattle Indian Tribe of Washington Sauk-Suiattle, or "Sah-Ku-Me-Hu," is a federally recognized Native American tribe in western Washington state in the United States. The tribe historically lived along the banks of the Sauk, Suiattle, Cascade, Stillaguamish, and Skagit rivers, in the area known as Sauk Prairie at the foot of Whitehorse Mountain in the North Cascade Range.
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Wintun The Wintun are members of several related Native American peoples of Northern California, including the Wintu (northern), Nomlaki (central), and Patwin (southern). Their range is from approximately present-day Lake Shasta to San Francisco Bay, along the western side of the Sacramento River to the Coast Range. Each of these tribes speak one of the Wintuan languages. Linguistic and archaeological evidence suggests that the Wintun people probably entered the California area around 500 AD from what is now southern Oregon, introducing bow and arrow technology to the region (Golla 2011: 205).
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Chinook Jargon Chinook Jargon (also known as chinuk wawa, or chinook wawa) is a revived American indigenous language originating as a pidgin trade language in the Pacific Northwest, and spreading during the 19th century from the lower Columbia River, first to other areas in modern Oregon and Washington, then British Columbia and as far as Alaska and Yukon Territory, sometimes taking on characteristics of a creole language. It is related to, but not the same as, the aboriginal language of the Chinook people, upon which much of its vocabulary is based.
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Yurok The Yurok, whose name means "downriver people" in the neighboring Karuk language (also called "yuh'ára", or "yurúkvaarar" in Karuk), are Native Americans who live in northwestern California near the Klamath River and Pacific coast. Their autonym is Olekwo'l meaning "Persons." Today they live on the Yurok Indian Reservation, on several rancherías, including the Cher-Ae Heights Indian Community of the Trinidad Rancheria, throughout Humboldt County, and beyond. They are enrolled in seven different federally recognized tribes today. They ate lots of berries and meats, but whale meat was prized above others. Yuroks did not hunt whales, instead, they waited until a dead whale washed up onto the beach or place near the water and dried the flesh.
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Red Shirt (Oglala) Red Shirt (Oglala Lakota: "Ógle Lúta" in Standard Lakota Orthography) (a/k/a "Ogilasa" and "Joseph Red Shirt") (1847-January 4, 1925) was an Oglala Lakota chief, warrior and statesman. Red Shirt is notable in American history as a U.S. Army Native Scout and a progressive Oglala Lakota leader who promoted friendly associations with whites and education for his people. Red Shirt opposed Crazy Horse during the Great Sioux War of 1876-1877 and the Ghost Dance Movement of 1890, and was a Lakota delegate to Washington in 1880. Red Shirt was one of the first Wild Westers with Buffalo Bill’s Wild West and a supporter of the Carlisle Native Industrial School. Red Shirt became an international celebrity Wild Westing with Buffalo Bill’s Wild West and his 1887 appearance in England captured the attention of Europeans and presented a progressive image of Native Americans.
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Skokomish people The Skokomish (pronounced ) are one of nine tribes of the Twana, a Native American people of western Washington state in the United States. The tribe lives along Hood Canal, a fjord-like inlet on the west side of the Kitsap Peninsula and the Puget Sound basin. Historically the Twana were hunters, fishers, and gatherers who had a nomadic lifestyle during the warmer months, while living in more permanent homes during the winter months.