Which Egyptian cleric was Encyclopedia of Afghan Jihad found in his residence in May 2004
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Encyclopedia of Afghan Jihad Encyclopedia of Afghan Jihad (aka Encyclopedia of the Afghani Jihad or Encyclopedia of Afghan Terrorism) is a manual of Jihad in eleven volumes, detailing how to make and use explosives and firearms, how to plan and carry out assassinations and other terrorist acts, and much more. It was found in the London residence of Islamic cleric Sheikh Abu Hamza al-Masri in May 2004. During al-Masri's trial, the prosecution referred to the literature as a "blueprint for terror".
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Abu Hamza al-Masri Mustafa Kamel Mustafa (Arabic: مصطفى كامل مصطفى‎ ‎ ; born 15 April 1958), also known as Abu Hamza al-Masri ( أبو حمزة المصري , "Abū Ḥamzah al-Maṣrī" – literally, the Egyptian father of Hamza), the Hook Hand or simply Abu Hamza, is an Egyptian cleric who was the imam of Finsbury Park Mosque in London, England, where he preached Islamic fundamentalism and militant Islamism.
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Ali Akbar Mohtashamipur Ali Akbar Mohtashamipour or Mohtashami (Persian: سید علی‌اکبر محتشمی‌پور‎ ‎ ) is a Shia cleric who was active in the 1979 Iranian Revolution and later became interior minister of the Islamic Republic of Iran. He is "seen as a founder of the Hezbollah movement in Lebanon" and one of the "radical ... elements, advocating the export of the revolution," in the Iranian clerical hierarchy.
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Ahmad Isma'il 'Uthman Saleh Ahmad Isma'il 'Uthman Saleh (أحمد إسماعيل عثمان) was a member of the Egyptian Islamic Jihad who was living in Albania. He was one of 14 people subjected to extraordinary rendition by the CIA prior to the 2001 declaration of a War on Terror. He was charged in the Returnees from Albania trial.
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Scientology in Egypt The Church of Scientology has no official presence in Egypt and there are no known membership statistics available. In 2002, two members were detained by Egyptian authorities under the charges of "contempt of religion". However, some books by the founder, L. Ron Hubbard, have started to appear in several Egyptian bookstores in the late 2000s, and were even approved by Al-Azhar, the highest Sunni learning institution in the Muslim world. Egypt is listed on an official Scientology website as being a country "in which Dianetics and Scientology services are ministered". Narconon, an organization which promotes Hubbard's drug abuse treatment, has a branch in Fayoum.
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Ibrahim Zakzaky Ibrahim Yaqoub El Zakzaky (alternately Ibraheem Zakzaky; Ibrahim Al-Zakzaky) (born May 5, 1953) is an outspoken Shi'a Muslim cleric in Nigeria, and head of Nigeria's Islamic Movement (IMN). Zakzaky founded the Islamic Movement in the late 1970s, when he was a student at Ahmadu Bello University, and began propagating Shia Islam around 1979, at the time of the Iranian revolution—which saw Iran’s monarchy overthrown and replaced with an Islamic republic under Ayatollah Khomeini. Zakzaky believed that the establishment of a republic along similar religious lines in Nigeria would be feasible. He has been detained several times due to accusations of civil disobedience or recalcitrance under military regimes in Nigeria during the 1980s and 1990s, and is still viewed with suspicion or as a threat by Nigerian authorities. In December 2015, the Nigerian Army raided his residence in Zaria, seriously injured him, and killed hundreds of his followers; since then, he has remained under state detention in the nation's capital pending his release, which was ordered in late 2016.
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Hamida al-Attas Hamida Ibrahim (Arabic: حميدة ابراهيم‎ ‎ , "Ḥamīdah Ibrahīm"; born 1934) born Hamida Ibrahim (Arabic: Hamida Ibrahim‎ ‎ , " Hamida Ibrahim"), is the mother of Osama bin Laden. She came from a Syrian family of two brothers and another sister. She married Mohammed bin Awad bin Laden in Latakia in 1956 and moved to Saudi Arabia with her husband. She was the eleventh wife of Mohammed bin Awad bin Laden. Her husband had at least 22 wives but divorced many, having only four wives at once, in accordance with Muslim law. It has been reported that she was a concubine rather than wife of Mohammed bin Awad bin Laden. She was more cosmopolitan than Mohammed's first three Wahhabi Saudi wives.
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Abu Reyan Al Zarkazi Abu Reyan Al Zarkazi, also known as Abu Musa, is suspected of being an al-Qaeda operative by the Pakistani government. On February 18, 2010 Pakistan announced it had captured Zarkazi and two other al-Qaeda suspects in Karachi. The Pakistani newspaper "Dawn" describes Zarkazi as a "known associate of Osama Bin Laden."
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Abu Ayyub al-Masri Abu Ayyub al-Masri ( ; أبو أيّوب المصري , "ʾAbū ʾAyyūb al-Maṣrī " ; translation: "Father of Ayyub the Egyptian") (ca. 1968 – 18 April 2010), also known as (   ) Abu Hamza al-Muhajir (أبو حمزة المهاجر "ʾAbū Ḥamzah al-Muhāǧir "; translation: "Father of Hamza the immigrant") and other aliases (see name) was the leader of Al-Qaeda in Iraq during the Iraqi insurgency, following the death of Abu Musab al-Zarqawi in June 2006. He was prime minister of the Islamic State of Iraq from 2009-2010.
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Ali Mohamed Ali Abdul Saoud Mohamed, (علي محمد) (born June 3, 1952) is a double agent who worked for both the CIA and Egyptian Islamic Jihad simultaneously, reporting on the workings of each for the benefit of the other.
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Hasan Shahhata Hassan Bin Muhamad Bin Shehata Bin Mousa al-Anani, known as Sheikh Hassan Shehata (Arabic: حسن بن محمد بن شحاتة بن موسى العناني‎ ‎ ) (November 10, 1946 - June 23, 2013) was an ex-Sunni, who later converted to Shia Islam, scholar who was killed in the small village of Zawyat Abu Musalam in Giza by a mob. He studied at Egypt's al-Azhar University and in the 1970's, served as a prominent Sunni Imam to the Egyptian Army. According to his own account, after having a dream of Imam Ali and other sahaba, he converted to Shia Islam in the 1990's. In 2009, he spent some time in jail under the government of ousted Egyptian president Hosni Mubarak due to his speeches against radical, fundamentalist Sunni movements that harm Islam. 306 of his followers were also detained along with him. On June 13, 2015, an Egyptian court sentenced 23 people to 14 years in prison for the fatal lynching of four Shia men in the village of Abu Musallim. The court acquitted eight other defendants.
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Muhammad Metwali Alsharawi Muhamad Motwali Alsharawi (Arabic: محمد متولي الشعراوي‎ ‎ ) (April 15, 1911 – June 17, 1998) was an Islamic scholar, former Egyptian minister of Endowments and Muslim jurist. He has been called one of Egypt's most popular and successful Islamic preachers, and "one of the most-prominent symbols of popular Egyptian culture" in the decades of 1970, 80s and 90s.
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Abdul Mutalib Mohamed Daud Abdul Mutalib Mohd Daud (1961 – 29 June 2013), popularly known as "Mutalib MD", was an ISA detainee, as well as the founder and chief editor of the news portal "Sabahkini.net" in Sabah. At the time of his death, he had completed two as yet unpublished books, one on the banning of Nurul Izzah Anwar from Sabah.
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Mohamad Said Raslan Dr. Muḥammad Saʻīd Raslān (Arabic: محمد سعيد رسلان‎ ‎ ; born November 23, 1955) is an Egyptian Salafi teacher and author based in Sobk el Ahad, Egypt.
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Fazel Ahmed Manawi Fazel Ahmed Manawi was Deputy Chief Justice in the Supreme Court of Afghanistan. In January 2004, he publicly stated that he was opposed to women singing on state television. In April 2004, the Associated Press reporter Todd Pitman reported that Manawi had said that any Muslim caught drinking in the "Irish Pub" in Kabul would be punished. On June 21, 2003, he announced that the Afghan Supreme Court would try Sayed Madawi, the editor of Aftab, and his deputy Ali Payam Sestani for "libelling Islam". Manawi is chairman of the IEC.
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Jamal al-Fadl Jamal Ahmed Mohamed al-Fadl (Arabic: جمال أحمد محمّد الفضل‎ ‎ , "Jamāl Aḥmad Muḥammad al-Faḍl") (born 1963-) is a Sudanese militant and former associate of Osama bin Laden in the early 1990s. Al-Fadl was recruited for the Afghan war through the Farouq mosque in Brooklyn. In 1988, he joined al Qaeda and took an oath of fealty to Bin Laden. After a dispute with Bin Laden, al-Fadl defected and became an informant to the United States government on al Qaeda activities.
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Assassination of Anwar Sadat The assassination of Anwar Sadat occurred on 6 October 1981. Anwar Sadat, the President of Egypt, was assassinated during the annual victory parade held in Cairo to celebrate Operation Badr, during which the Egyptian Army had crossed the Suez Canal and taken back a small part of the Sinai Peninsula from Israel at the beginning of the Yom Kippur War. A fatwa approving the assassination had been obtained from Omar Abdel-Rahman, a cleric later convicted in the US for his role in the 1993 World Trade Center bombing. The assassination was undertaken by members of the Egyptian Islamic Jihad.
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Muhammad Sa'id al-'Ashmawi Muhammad Sa'id al-'Ashmawi (Arabic: محمد سعيد العشماوى‎ ‎ , ] ; 1932 – 7 November 2013) was an Egyptian Supreme Court justice and former head of the Court of State Security. He was a specialist in comparative and Islamic law at Cairo University, described as "one of the most influential liberal Islamic thinkers today."
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Zaghloul El-Naggar Zaghloul El Naggar (Arabic: زغلول النجار‎ ‎ , ] ) is an Egyptian geologist, Muslim scholar, and Muslim author. The main theme of El-Naggar's books has been science in Quran; his philosophy of science is blended with religion. He left his academic career to become the Chairman of Committee of Scientific Notions in the Qur'an, Supreme Council of Islamic Affairs, Cairo, Egypt.
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Farag Foda Farag Foda (also Faraj Fawda, Egyptian Arabic: فرج فوده‎ ‎ , ] or ] ; 1946 – 9 June 1992), was a prominent professor, writer, columnist, and human rights activist. He was assassinated on 9th of June 1992 by members of Islamist group al-Gama'a al-Islamiyya after being accused of blasphemy by a committee of clerics ("ulama") at Al-Azhar University. Foda was one of 202 people killed by "politically motivated assaults" in Egypt between March 1992 and September 1993. In December 1992, his collected works were banned.
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Ahmad Khatami Ayatollah Ahmad Khatami (Persian: احمد خاتمی‎ ‎ , born 8 May 1960) is a senior Iranian cleric, as well as a senior member of the Assembly of Experts. In December 2005, Ali Khamenei appointed him as Tehran’s substitute Friday prayer leader.
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Saif al-Islam el-Masry Saif al-Islam el-masry (Arabic: سيف الإسلام المصري‎ ‎ ) is the name of a certain member of al-Qaeda. The name is probably, but not certainly, a nom de guerre; "Saif al-Islam" means "Sword of Islam" and el-Masry means "the Egyptian", but either or both could be a real name. Little is publicly known about this person, but his name has come up in reports and testimony on a variety of major terrorist attacks and related paramilitary and financial activities. According to those sources, Saif al-Islam