Who can Gerd Neggo's influences and training in Laban Movement study be traced back to?
4e95bdc451888e85745f9b4960656043
Gerd Neggo Gerd Neggo (9 November 1891 – 1 September 1974) was an Estonian dancer, dance teacher and choreographer. She studied the musical response methods of É. Jaques-Dalcroze, trained under Rudolf von Laban in Hamburg, Germany, and in 1924 established her own dance studio at Tallinn, Estonia, and promoted modern dance and mime based on classical ballet. During the Soviet occupation of Estonia, she and her husband Paul Olak migrated to Sweden. Her contributions to the cultural heritage of Estonia, as the founder of modern dance and mime in her country, is recognised via a scholarship, awarded annually since 2011.
6e95d6eeda5cf19e10944e86dfe07fc6
Rudolf von Laban Rudolf von Laban, also known as Rudolf Laban (Hungarian: "Rezső Lábán de Váraljas, Lábán Rezső, Lábán Rudolf" ) (15 December 1879 – 1 July 1958), was a dance artist and theorist. He is notable as one of the pioneers of modern dance in Europe. His work laid the foundations for Laban Movement Analysis, Labanotation (Kinetography Laban), other more specific developments in dance notation and the evolution of many varieties of Laban Movement Study. He is considered to be one of the most important figures in the history of dance.
77940fab3fec3337b9e0cf31e037c553
Agostino Bassi Agostino Bassi, sometimes called de Lodi (25 September 1773 – 8 February 1856), was an Italian entomologist. He preceded Louis Pasteur in the discovery that microorganisms can be the cause of disease (the germ theory of disease). He discovered that the muscardine disease of silkworms was caused by a living, very small, parasitic organism, a fungus that would be named eventually "Beauveria bassiana" in his honor. In 1844, he stated the idea that not only animal (insect), but also human diseases are caused by other living microorganisms; for example, measles, syphilis, and the plague.
db543a20795efa8b9018cea247bcc1a2
Cecchetti method The Cecchetti method is a ballet technique and rigorous training method devised by the Italian ballet master and pedagogue Enrico Cecchetti (1850–1928). , especially within the confines of classical ballet technique. The method seeks to develop the essential skills of dance (e.g., balance, poise, strength, elevation, elasticity, and ballon) in students through a meticulously designed training regimen. Its goal for students is to learn to express themselves through dance by studying and internalizing the basic principles, in an effort to become self-reliant rather than imitating the movements executed by their teacher.
a1c9529fb81c8957cde0f9124daf5c60
Muscle reading Muscle reading, also known as "Hellstromism", "Cumberlandism" or "contact mind reading", is a technique used by mentalists to determine the thoughts or knowledge of a subject, the effect of which tends to be perceived as a form of mind reading. The performer can determine many things about the mental state of a subject by observing subtle, involuntary responses to speech or any other stimuli. It is closely related to the ideomotor effect, whereby subtle movements made without conscious awareness reflect a physical movement, action or direction which the subject is thinking about. The term "muscle reading" was coined in the 1870s by American neurologist George M. Beard to describe the actions of mentalist J. Randall Brown, an early proponent of the art.
8086a5d060d4fa92b844aa3b1ff4ba7a
Benno Müller-Hill Benno Müller-Hill (born 5 February 1933) is a German biologist and author. With his Ph.D. advisor Walter Gilbert, Müller-Hill purified the lac repressor, the first genetic control protein to be isolated. Müller-Hill has lectured widely and written books on the misuse of science by the Nazis.
a45014e4929605f5381dbd11852af5b6
Psyche (book) Psyche (German: "Psyche, zur Entwicklungsgeschichte der Seele" ) is an 1846 book by Carl Gustav Carus, a physician and painter noted for his work on animal psychology and physiognomy. In his "The Discovery of the Unconscious" (1970), Henri Ellenberger calls "Psyche" "the life-work of a physician and keen observer of the human mind" and "the first attempt to give a complete and objective theory on unconscious psychological life", adding that "It shows the shape reached by the theory of the unconscious at the end of the Romantic period, before the positivistic trend became dominant." He notes that Carus influenced Eduard von Hartmann and later Carl Jung. According to him, Carus defines psychology as "the science of the soul's development from the unconscious to the conscious" and believes that "human life is divided into three periods: (1) A pre-embryonic period in which the individual merely exists as a tiny cell within the mother's ovary. (2) the embryonic period; through fecundation, in which the individual is suddenly wakened from his long sleep, and the formative unconscious develops. (3) After birth, in which the formative unconscious continues to direct the individual's growth and the function of his organs. Consciousness arises gradually, but it always remains under the influence of the unconscious and the individual periodically returns to it in his sleep."
f2715a1986805665304407d66d1c1106
Albert Paul Weiss Albert Paul Weiss (September 15, 1879 – April 3, 1931) was a German American behavioral psychologist, theorist, scientist, and experimentalist. He was born in Steingrund, Germany. His family moved to the United States shortly after his birth and lived in St. Louis, MO. He was raised in a household of scholarly and philosophical interests although neither of his parents were highly educated. He attended University of Missouri for both undergraduate and graduate school and eventually earned his PhD there in 1916. Weiss initially planned on majoring in physics, mathematics, and philosophy until he was inspired by his professor Max Meyer to become a psychologist. After earning his PhD, he went to Ohio State University where he did research and taught up until his death. While in school, Weiss became interested in the physiological and sociological aspects of philosophy. He was interested in the role of language in human behavior and used biology, physics, and chemistry to examine human behaviors. He died of heart disease in 1931.
8d425032ccac323cb5754e7c4afff028
Mark Millan Mark J. Millan is a neuroscientist specialising in the study and improved treatment of disorders of brain. He is currently the Director of Pharmacological Innovation for the Central Nervous System (CNS) at the Institute de Recherché de Servier (IDRS) in Paris, France. He is also the Secretary of the European College of Neuropsychopharmacology. Born in Edinburgh, Scotland, he is the son of former Scottish Labour Party Leader and European Commissioner, Bruce Millan, studied at Cambridge University and then spent ten years at the Max Planck Institut fur Psychiatrie, Munich, before moving to Paris.
3b5fba3d46559bd9162a2cfd98613c98
Hippocrates Hippocrates of Kos ( ; Greek: Ἱπποκράτης ὁ Κῷος ; "Hippokrátēs ho Kṓos"; 460 – 370 BC), also known as Hippocrates II, was a Greek physician of the Age of Pericles (Classical Greece), and is considered one of the most outstanding figures in the history of medicine. He is sometimes referred to as the "Father of Early Medicine" in recognition of his lasting contributions to the field as the founder of the Hippocratic School of Medicine. This intellectual school revolutionized medicine in ancient Greece, establishing it as a discipline distinct from other fields with which it had traditionally been associated (theurgy and philosophy), thus establishing medicine as a profession.
9f929e672825c2cc2b82fd1a7a332893
William Labov William "Bill" Labov ( ; born December 4, 1927) is an American linguist, widely regarded as the founder of the discipline of variationist sociolinguistics. He has been described as "an enormously original and influential figure who has created much of the methodology" of sociolinguistics. He is employed as a professor in the linguistics department of the University of Pennsylvania, and pursues research in sociolinguistics, language change, and dialectology. He semi-retired at the end of spring 2014.
e252a849746e86905d04fd77c966dc2e
Robert Tryon Robert Choate Tryon (September 4, 1901 – September 27, 1967) was an American behavioral psychologist, who pioneered the study of hereditary trait inheritance and learning in animals. His series of experiments with laboratory rats showed that animals can be selectively bred for greater aptitude at certain intelligence tests, but that this selective breeding does not increase the general intelligence of the animals.
0a79ec6d3dad96860fab3c2fce376508
Reuven Gal Reuven Gal (Hebrew: ראובן גל‎ ‎ ; born August 24, 1942, surname Gruber) is an Israeli social and clinical psychologist, a social activist and entrepreneur, researcher, author and consultant in the field of behavioral, communal and social sciences.  Working closely with the Office of the Prime Minister of Israel, Gal helped to create the Administration for National Civic Service, which has been called “the Israeli equivalent of the Peace Corps.”  He served as its first General Director, coordinating more than 12,000 youth volunteers coming from all ethnic and religious groups (January 2008 to August 2009).
00e2596a50364a48a0d41f71989e6bfa
Graeme Hammond Graeme M. Hammond (February 1, 1858 – October 30, 1944) was an American neurologist and sportsperson who advocated for physical exercise as treatment for nervous disorders. He served as an officer of the American Neurological Association for twenty years. Hammond was a competitive fencer who competed in the 1912 Olympics, helped found the Amateur Fencers League of America and served as president emeritus of the American Olympic Association.
29faf7e672f2ee1449172e9335f519ca
Jeanne de Salzmann Jeanne de Salzmann born Jeanne-Marie Allemand often addressed as Madame de Salzmann (January 26, 1889, Reims – May 24, 1990, Paris) was the daughter of the famous Swiss architect Jules Louis Allemand and of Marie Louise Matignon. She was a French-Swiss dance teacher and a close pupil of the spiritual teacher G. I. Gurdjieff, recognized as his deputy by many of Gurdjieff's other pupils. She was responsible for transmitting the movements and his teaching through the Gurdjieff Institute of Paris, the Gurdjieff Foundation of New York City, the Gurdjieff Society in London and the Fundación Gurdjieff of Caracas, which she founded or helped founding, as well as other formal and informal groups throughout the world.
af9335e28edb833e8cafbdd04a6735d4
Feldenkrais Method The Feldenkrais Method is a type of exercise therapy devised by Moshé Feldenkrais (1904–1984). The method is claimed to reorganize connections between the brain and body and so improve body movement and psychological state.
d450b19b0eb05e50e7d7d44c4715a422
Paul Gibier Paul Gibier (1851–1900) was a French doctor and bacteriologist, a researcher into contagious diseases, who founded the New York Pasteur Institute. This was a pioneering private research laboratory concerned with developing bio-medical cures including vaccines and anti-toxins. He was also known for his interest in psychic phenomena.
de9140bd96d27a4bc7c14afac94d480e
Edwin C. Nevis Edwin C. Nevis (May 20, 1926, Brooklyn, New York – May 20, 2011, Wellfleet, Massachusetts) was a gestalt therapist who identified Maslow's hierarchy of needs as culturally relative and formulated a hierarchy of needs for Chinese culture and a mode of classifying hierarchies of needs in different cultures. He co-founded the Gestalt Institute of Cleveland and founded the Gestalt International Study Center, and was a faculty member in management at the MIT Sloan School of Management.
52b80f556d0b28ce1dd1a38b905de666
History of animal testing The "history of animal" testing goes back to the writings of the Ancient Greeks in the 4th and 3rd centuries BCE, with Aristotle (384–322 BCE) and Erasistratus (304–258 BCE) one of the first to perform experiments on animals. Galen, a physician in 2nd-century Rome, dissected pigs and goats, and is known as the "Father of Vivisection." Avenzoar, an Arabic physician in 12th-century Moorish Spain who also practiced dissection, introduced animal testing as an experimental method of testing surgical procedures before applying them to human patients.
ddf1f7c4c9577428af99d8841fb6986b
Gary Berntson Gary Berntson (born 1945) is professor at Ohio State University with appointments in the departments of psychology, psychiatry and pediatrics. He is an expert in psychophysiology, neuroscience, biological psychology, and with his colleague John Cacioppo, a founding father of social neuroscience.
fa87f33664c926d71d7e276291d90f4c
Social hygiene movement The social hygiene movement of the late 19th and early 20th centuries was an attempt by Progressive-era reformers to control venereal disease, regulate prostitution and vice, and disseminate sexual education through the use of scientific research methods and modern media techniques. A mental hygiene movement also developed, partly separately and now generally known as mental health, although the older term is still in use, e.g. in New York state's law.
bca4781d21c0fb825c7d2029ebcec5c1
General movements assessment A general movements assessment is a type of medical assessment used in the diagnosis of cerebral palsy. It involves measuring movements that occur spontaneously among those less than four months of age and appears to be most accurate test for the condition. These include the tonic neck reflex, grasp reflex, Moro reflex, tongue thrust reflex and rooting reflexes. The quality of the child's general movements gives information about how the brain connects, particularly the periventricular white matter. The GMA is best performed 3 months post-term (if the child was born prematurely, the assessment date is not at three months old, but is conducted at the same time as if they were born at term). At around that time, in typical infants, a pattern called 'fidgety movements' is evident, and if the movements are abnormal or the fidgety movements are not apparent, the child is at risk of developing CP.