Which of the Kapenguria Six was Kenya's first black head of government?
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Kapenguria Museum The Kapenguria Museum is a museum located in Kapenguria, Kenya. The museum is located inside the prison where prominent leaders of the Kenyan independence movement (the Kapenguria Six: Jomo Kenyatta, Kungu Karumba, Fred Kubai, Paul Ngei, Bildad Kaggia and Ramogi Achieng Oneko) were held and put on trial in 1952/3. The museum features galleries in the former cells of the prison, including displays on these leaders and the struggle against colonialism, and houses a memorial library in their honour.
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Jomo Kenyatta Jomo Kenyatta (  1897 – 22 August 1978) was a Kenyan anti-colonial activist and politician who governed Kenya as its Prime Minister from 1963 to 1964 and then as its first President from 1964 to 1978. He was the country's first black head of government and played a significant role in the transformation of Kenya from a colony of the British Empire into an independent republic. Ideologically an African nationalist and conservative, he led the Kenya African National Union (KANU) party from 1961 until his death.
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Peter Kagwanja Peter Kagwanja (born August 8, 1963 in Murang’a County, Central Kenya) is a Kenyan intellectual, adviser, reform strategist and policy thinker on governance, security and African affairs. From the early 1990s, Kagwanja was associated with Kenya's pro-democracy movement through his research and writings in the media, and was one of the founders of the University Academic Staff Union (UASU). As an emigre in South Africa (2003-2008), he was in the team of experts that provided technical backing to the intense policy processes that led to the creation of the African Union (AU) and its peace and security architecture. When Kenya’s opposition ascended to power, Kagwanja became part of the technical team that re-engineered and realigned the country’s foreign policy and strategy to the challenges of the 21st century. He became government adviser on the post-2008 reform agenda and strategy; managed its successful campaign for the New Constitution of Kenya and provided strategic thinking towards the transition to the post-Kibaki order. Kagwanja is a public intellectual who has authored many articles and books, including "Kenya's Uncertain Democracy: The Electoral Crisis of 2008" "London: Routledge (2010)."
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Mbiyu Koinange Peter Mbiyu Koinange (1907 - 2 September 1981) was a politician from Kenya. He served in the government and cabinet of Jomo Kenyatta, Kenya's first president, for 16 years. During this time, he held the post of Member of Parliament for the Kiambaa constituency and the portfolios of Minister of State for Education, External Affairs, Pan-African Affairs, as well as Minister of State in the Office of the President.
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Kenyan general election, 1983 General elections were held in Kenya on 26 September 1983. At the time, the country was a one-party state with the Kenya African National Union having been made the sole party the previous year (though the country had been a de facto one-party state since 1969). More than 750 KANU candidates stood for the 158 National Assembly seats, with around 40% of incumbents (including some ministers) defeated. Voter turnout was 45.9%. Following the election, a further 12 members were appointed by President Daniel arap Moi.
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Wambui Otieno Virginia Wambui Otieno (1936–2011) was a Kenyan activist, politician and writer. She rose to prominence in 1987, as a result of her controversial legal fight between her and her husband's (SM Otieno) clan over the right to bury her husband. The case was an unprecedented balance between customary laws; inter tribal marriage and modern-day (civil) marriage. Hers was the most protracted legal case in Kenya's history that saw the court lean towards culture than modern-day marriage, when the burial rights were awarded to the husband’s clan. The ruling gaped a big hole over the women rights in the country.
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Jonathan Barasa Jonathan Wasilwa Barasa (1916 – December 1996) was a Kenyan chief born in Sirisia, in Bungoma County to Wasilwa and Lumbasi. He went to Bitonge School at the age of seven and later Government African School, present-day Kakamega High School. After primary school he was called to Alliance High School. His lack of school fees drove him to Maseno and to train as a teacher under Carey Francis. He married Ruth Nanjala Murumba in the Quaker Church in Bitonge, and they had ten children. He supported hundreds of children by mentoring them, paying their school fees and taking care of them. Barasa was a staunch Quaker who also respected and promoted the Bukusu culture. He was a member of the East African Yearly Meeting of Friends (Quakers).
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Kenyan general election, 1997 General elections were held in Kenya on 29 December 1997. The result was a victory for the ruling Kenya African National Union, which won 107 of the 210 seats in the National Assembly, and whose candidate Daniel arap Moi won the presidential election. Following the election, Moi appointed a further 12 members to the Assembly.
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Facing Mount Kenya Facing Mount Kenya, first published in 1938, is an anthropological study of the people of the Kikuyu ethnicity of central Kenya. It was written by native Kikuyu and future Kenyan president Jomo Kenyatta.
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George Khaniri George Khaniri is a Kenyan politician. He belongs to the Orange Democratic Movement and was elected to represent the Hamisi Constituency in the National Assembly of Kenya since the Kenyan parliamentary election, 2007.
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Government of National Unity (Kenya) The Government of National Unity, also known as the "grand coalition cabinet," was a designation for the coalition government in Kenya from April 2008 to April 2013. It was formed through negotiations between the Orange Democratic Movement's leader and presidential candidate Raila Odinga and Party of National Unity's leader and incumbent presidential candidate Mwai Kibaki in the aftermath of the 2007–2008 Kenyan crisis which had followed the controversial 2007 presidential election.
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Samuel Moroto Samuel Chumel Moroto (born 1960) is a Kenyan politician. He represents Kapenguria Constituency in the Kenyan National Assembly of the Kenyan parliament. He belongs to the Kenya African National Union (KANU) party. He is a career teacher and trade unionist. He was first elected to parliament in 2002. He hails from the Pokot community which mainly inhabits West Pokot County.
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East Africa Protectorate general election, 1920 General elections were held in East Africa Protectorate (modern Kenya) in March and April 1920, the first elections in the country. The Legislative Council had previously consisted entirely of appointed members. The new Council consisted of 11 elected white members, two appointed members representing the Indian population and one appointed member representing the Arab population, as well as a number of appointees by the Governor. This allowed the Council representative, although not responsible government. The territory became Kenya Colony on 23 July.
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Devlin Commission The Devlin Commission, officially the Nyasaland Commission of Inquiry, was a commission of inquiry set up in 1959 under the chairmanship of Mr. Justice Devlin, later Lord Devlin, after African opposition to the Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland, particularly its farming and rural conservation policies, and demands for progress towards majority rule promoted by the Nyasaland African Congress under its leader Dr Hastings Banda led to widespread disturbances in Nyasaland and some deaths. A State of Emergency was declared in March 1958; about 1,300 people, many of whom were members of the Nyasaland African Congress were detained without trial, over were 2,000 imprisoned for offences related to the emergency and the Congress itself was banned. During the State of Emergency, a total of 51 people were killed by troops or the police. Although the four members of the Commission were members of the The British Establishment, its findings were highly unfavourable to the Nyasaland Government.
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Emmanuel Kwasi Kotoka Lieutenant General Emmanuel Kwasi Kotoka (26 October 1926 – 17 April 1967) was a member of the ruling National Liberation Council which came to power in Ghana in a military coup d'état on 24 February 1966. This overthrew the government of Dr. Kwame Nkrumah, the first president of the republic.
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Kagura people The Kagura are an ethnic and linguistic group based in Tanzania.
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Kenya Land and Freedom Army The Kenya Land and Freedom Army (KLFA) was a guerrilla army, formed mainly by the people of central and eastern Kenya, which resisted British rule from the late 1940s to the early 1960s. The army was led by Field Marshal Dedan Kimathi.
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Robert Ouko (politician) The Honorable Dr. John Robert Ouko (31 March 1931 – c. 13 February 1990), commonly known as Robert Ouko, was a Kenyan politician who served as Foreign Minister of Kenya from 1979 to 1983 and from 1988 to 1990. Robert Ouko served in the government of Kenya from the colonial period through the presidencies of Jomo Kenyatta and Daniel arap Moi. He was a member of the National Assembly for Kisumu and a cabinet minister, rising to the post of Minister of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation by 1990. He was murdered in Kenya on 13 February 1990. The murder case, perhaps the most intriguing in Kenyan history, remains unsolved.
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African Renaissance The African Renaissance is the concept that African people and nations shall overcome the current challenges confronting the continent and achieve cultural, scientific, and economic renewal. The African Renaissance concept was first articulated by Cheikh Anta Diop in a series of essays beginning in 1946, which are collected in his book "Towards the African Renaissance: Essays in Culture and Development, 1946-1960". This concept has been further popularized by former South African President Thabo Mbeki during his term of office, heralding the beginning of The African Renaissance, and it continues to be a key part of the post-apartheid intellectual agenda. It has found new expression and momentum within the International Decade for People of African Descent through the Door of Return initiative which is coming out of the historical Maroon community of Accompong Jamaica in cooperation with Nigeria, Ghana and Zimbabwe. The revival is being lead by Accompong Finance Minister Timothy E. McPherson Jr. and Nigeria's Senior Special Assistant to the President on Diaspora and Foreign Affairs, Hon. Abike Dabiri.
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Mayor of Nairobi The Mayor of Nairobi was the non-executive head of Nairobi City Council in Nairobi, Kenya until the new constitution of 2010 which devolved government was enacted. The Mayor's office, officially the Mayor’s Palour, was located at City Hall Nairobi. The last mayor of Nairobi was George Aladwa of ODM, elected on 10 August 2011.
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Charles Rubia Charles Wanyoike Rubia was the first African mayor of Nairobi. He later joined Parliament, where he rose to the cabinet. In 1990, together with Hon. Kenneth Matiba, Rubia led the calls for multi-party democracy and was subsequently detained by President Daniel arap Moi. He was released from detention after one year, and has been in poor health since.
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John Michuki John Njoroge Michuki (1 December 1932 – 21 February 2012) was a Kenyan politician and businessman. He was born at Muguru village, Iyego Location, Kangema Division in Murang’a District. He was educated in Kenya and abroad. Michuki emerged as one of the prominent and long-serving civil servants and politicians as well as a businessman in Kenya. Michuki served Kenya in various capacities, including Permanent Secretary in the Finance Ministry, Chairman of the Kenya Commercial Bank, Member of Parliament and Cabinet Minister. He was serving his 4th five-year term as a Member of Parliament for Kangema Constituency. Michuki had a reputation as a "ruthless" and efficient manager, and was widely acknowledged as among the best performing ministers in President Kibaki's Government. He was serving as the Minister for Environment and National Resources at the time of his death.