The theatre practitioner that was born in Galicia, Austrian Poland claims to be the heir of what?
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Method acting Method acting is a range of training and rehearsal techniques that seek to encourage sincere and emotionally expressive performances, as formulated by a number of different theatre practitioners, principally in the United States, where it is among the most popular—and controversial—approaches to acting. These techniques are built on the Stanislavski's "system" of the Russian actor and director Konstantin Stanislavski. Though many have contributed to the development of the Method, three teachers are associated with "having set the standard of its success", though each emphasized different aspects of the approach: Lee Strasberg (the psychological aspects), Stella Adler (the sociological aspects), and Sanford Meisner (the behavioral aspects). The approach was first developed when they worked together at the Group Theatre in New York. All three subsequently claimed to be the rightful heirs of Stanislavski's approach. His three major books were "An Actor Prepares", "Building a Character", and "Creating a Role".
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Lee Strasberg Lee Strasberg (born Israel Strasberg; November 17, 1901February 17, 1982) was a Polish-born American actor, director, and theatre practitioner. He was born in a part of Galicia, Austrian Poland, in what is now Ukraine. He co founded, with directors Harold Clurman and Cheryl Crawford, the Group Theatre in 1931, which was hailed as "America's first true theatrical collective". In 1951, he became director of the nonprofit Actors Studio in New York City, considered "the nation's most prestigious acting school", and in 1966, was involved in the creation of Actors Studio West in Los Angeles.
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Józef Dietl Józef Dietl (24 January 1804 in Podbuże near Sambor – 18 January 1878 in Kraków) was an Austrian-Polish physician born to an Austrian father and Polish mother. He studied medicine in Lviv and Vienna. He was a pioneer in balneology, and a professor of Jagiellonian University, elected as its rector in 1861. Dietl described the kidney ailment known as "Dietl’s Crisis" as well as its treatment.
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Guido von List Guido Karl Anton List, better known as Guido von List (October 5, 1848 – May 17, 1919), was an Austrian occultist, journalist, playwright, and novelist. He expounded a modern Pagan new religious movement known as Wotanism, which he claimed was the revival of the religion of the ancient German race, and which included an inner set of Ariosophical teachings that he termed Armanism.
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Jerzy Waldorff Jerzy Waldorff-Preyss of the Nabram coat of arms (4 May 1910 – 29 December 1999) was a Polish baron, an attorney by profession, a TV personality, writer, publicist, literary critic and a music aficionado. He wrote over 20 books, mostly on the subject of classical music and society, and was also named as an honorary citizen of both Warsaw and Słupsk. Waldorff had a relationship with the classical dancer Mieczysław Jankowski for 61 years.
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Count Leo Stefan of Habsburg Count Leo Stefan Maria Carl Wolfgang Rudolf von Fidelis of Habsburg (born June 12, 1928 in Żywiec) is a morganaut of the House of Habsburg-Lorraine and the representative of the Teschen ducal line. He is the son of Archduke Leo Karl (1893–1939) and Countess Maria-Klothilde de Thuillières von Montjoye-Vaufrey et de la Roche (1893–1978) and a grandson of Archduke Charles Stephen of Austria. He is today the heir to the Dukedom of Teschen. because of the unequal marriage of his parents. He thus is only entitled to use the title Count of Habsburg. He has seven children of whom Count Albrecht of Habsburg (born 1963), who is his heir to the Dukedom.
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Maria Ley-Piscator Maria Ley-Piscator (born Friederike Flora Czada, 1 August 1898 – 14 October 1999) is best known as the wife of Erwin Piscator (1893-1966), Germany's famous left-wing theater director. Born on 1 August 1898 in Vienna, Austria-Hungary (now Austria), Maria Ley sought to create a theatrical career for herself as a dancer in Paris and Berlin. Later, she turned to choreography and helped in several stage productions with Max Reinhardt, including "A Midsummer Night's Dream".
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Mikhail Shchepkin Mikhail Semyonovich Shchepkin (Russian: Михаи́л Семёнович Ще́пкин , 17 November [O.S. 6 November] 1788 , the village Krasnoe, Oboyan county, Kursk Province — 11 August [O.S. 23 August] 1863 ) was the most famous Russian Empire actor of the 19th century. He is considered the "father" of realist acting in Russia and, via the influence of his student, Glikeriya Fedotova, a major influence on the development of the 'system' of Konstantin Stanislavski (who was born in the year in which Shchepkin died). Shchepkin's significance to the Theatre of Russia is comparable to that of David Garrick to the English theatre.
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Hohenberg family The Ducal House of Hohenberg is an Austrian noble family that descends from Countess Sophie Chotek (1868–1914), who in 1900 married Archduke Francis Ferdinand of Austria-Este (1863–1914), the heir presumptive to the throne of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. As their marriage was a morganatic one, none of their children were in the line of succession to the Austro-Hungarian throne. Still, they represent the senior agnatic line of the House of Habsburg-Lorraine.
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Stanisław Marcin Badeni Stanisław h. Badeni (1850–1912) was a conservative Polish politician and a statesman of Austro-Hungarian Galicia. Born on 7 September 1850 in Surochów near Jarosław, in 1883 he was elected to the Galician Sejm. In 1895, he was chosen as the Land Marshal of Galicia (a "de facto" prime minister) and held that post until replaced by Andrzej Kazimierz Potocki in 1901. After the latter had been murdered in 1903, Badeni returned to the office and held it until his death in 1912. Among his greatest achievements was the successful recovery of the Wawel Castle from the Austrian authorities, which used it as military barracks. From 1891 until his death, he was also a member of the Austro-Hungarian Imperial Council.
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Mira Trailović Mira Trailović (Serbian Cyrillic: Мира Траиловић; née Milićević; 22 January 1924 – 7 August 1989) was a Serbian dramaturg and one of the most distinguished theatre directors in the history of Serbian and Yugoslav theatre. A pioneer of the avant-garde theatre in Eastern Europe, she was one of the founders and a driving force behind the Atelje 212 theater and BITEF, one of the most important European theatre festivals
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Prince Leopold of Bavaria Leopold Maximilian Joseph Maria Arnulf, Prinz von Bayern (9 February 1846 – 28 September 1930) was born in Munich, the son of Prince Regent Luitpold of Bavaria (1821–1912) and his wife Archduchess Augusta of Austria (1825–1864). He was a Field Marshal ("Generalfeldmarschall") who commanded German and Austro-Hungarian forces on the Eastern Front in World War I.
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Mikhail Artsybashev Mikhail Petrovich Artsybashev (Russian: Михаи́л Петро́вич Арцыба́шев , Polish: "Michał Arcybaszew" ) (November 5, 1878 – March 3, 1927) was a Russian writer and playwright, and a major proponent of the literary style known as naturalism. He was the great grandson of Tadeusz Kościuszko and the father of Boris Artzybasheff, who emigrated to the United States and became famous as an illustrator. Following the Russian Revolution, in 1923 Artsybashev emigrated to Poland where he died in 1927.
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Anna Jagiellon Anna Jagiellon (Polish: "Anna Jagiellonka" , Lithuanian: "Ona Jogailaitė" ; 18 October 1523 – 12 November 1596) was Queen of Poland and Grand Duchess of Lithuania in her own right from 1575 to 1586. She was a daughter of Polish King Sigismund I the Old and his Italian wife Bona Sforza. Despite multiple proposals, she remained unmarried until the age of 52. After the death of King Sigismund II Augustus, her brother and the last male member of the Jagiellon dynasty, Anna's hand was sought by pretenders to the Polish–Lithuanian throne to maintain the dynastic tradition. She was elected, along with her then-fiancé Stephen Báthory, as co-ruler in the 1576 royal election of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. Their marriage was a formal arrangement and distant. Báthory was preoccupied with the Livonian War, while Anna spent her time in Warsaw on local administrative matters and several construction works. After Báthory's death in December 1586, she had an opportunity to claim the throne for herself (she was co-ruler and not merely a consort), but did not even attempt it. Instead, she promoted her nephew Sigismund III Vasa, establishing House of Vasa on the Polish–Lithuanian throne for the next eighty years (1587–1668).
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Warsaw Theatre Directorate The Warsaw Theatre Directorate ("Warszawskie Teatry Rządowe") was the chief authority for theatres in the Duchy of Warsaw in Warsaw during the 19th and early 20th centuries. It was set up by decree of Frederick Augustus I of Saxony on 14 April 1810 as the "Rządowa Dyrekcja Teatru" (Government Directorate for Theatre), its draft statute having been developed by Wojciecha Bogusławskiego. In 1822 it changed its name to "Dyrekcja Teatrów i Wszelkich Widowisk Dramatycznych i Muzycznych w Królestwie" (Directorate of all theatres and dramatic and musical performance in the Kingdom), then in 1833 to the Warsaw Theatre Directorate. It ceased to exist in July 1915.
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Judith Malina Judith Malina (June 4, 1926 – April 10, 2015) was a German-born American theater and film actress, writer and director. With her husband, Julian Beck, Malina co-founded The Living Theatre, a radical political theatre troupe that rose to prominence in New York City and Paris during the 1950s and 60s. The Living Theatre and its founders were the subject of the 1983 documentary "Signals Through The Flames".
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Lehrstücke The Lehrstücke (plural form; singular: "Lehrstück") are a radical and experimental form of modernist theatre developed by Bertolt Brecht and his collaborators from the 1920s to the late 1930s. The "Lehrstücke" stem from Brecht's epic theatre techniques but as a core principle explore the possibilities of learning through acting, playing roles, adopting postures and attitudes etc. and hence no longer divide between actors and audience. Brecht himself translated the term as "learning-play", emphasizing the aspect of learning through participation, whereas the German term could also be understood as "teaching-play". Reiner Steinweg goes so far as to suggest adopting a term coined by the Brazilian avant garde theatre director Zé Celso, "Theatre of Discovery", as being even clearer.
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Tadeusz Wróblewski Tadeusz Wróblewski, (Lithuanian: "Tadas Vrublevskis" , November 8, 1858 – July 3, 1925) was a Polish-Lithuanian noble, politician, lawyer, bibliophile and cultural activist. He supported the democratic wing of the krajowcy movement. Wróblewski sponsored a large library in Vilnius (the "Biblioteka Wróblewskich").
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Otto Preminger Otto Ludwig Preminger ( , ] ; 5 December 1905 – 23 April 1986) was an American theatre and film director, originally from Austria-Hungary.
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Aniela Aszpergerowa Leontyna Aniela Aszpergerowa (29 November 1815 – 28 January 1902), known professionally as Aniela Aszpergerowa, was a Polish stage actress who achieved wide fame in Poland and in the former Grand Duchy of Lithuania. She also took part in the January Uprising against Imperial Russia in 1863 and was sent to prison. Her great-grandson was John Gielgud.
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George Marlow George Marlow (24 September 1876 – 21 May 1939) (born Joseph Marks) was an Australian theatrical entrepreneur born in London of Jewish extraction, noted for bringing melodrama and pantomime to Sydney audiences in the early 1900s.
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Jan August Kisielewski Jan August Kisielewski (Rzeszów, 1876 – 1918, Warsaw), was a Polish writer, essayist and playwright associated with the Young Poland literary movement at the turn of the century. He was the co-founder of a legendary literary cabaret "Zielony Balonik" in Kraków under the Austrian rule during the final years of the Partitions of Poland. Jan August Kisielewski was a brother of Zygmunt Kisielewski of the Polish Legions in World War I, also a writer.