what is the name of the man who was made a baron by the Swedish king in 1694 and also is thought to have authored “ales Anecdotes de Suede”?
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Anecdotes de Suède (Les) Anecdotes de Suède ("Swedish Anecdotes") is a political satire written against the Swedish regime of the 1680s. Probably dating to the end of that decade, it was first published in French, in two volumes, in 1716, under the full title "Les anecdotes de Suede, ou Histoire secrette des changemens arrivés dans ce royaume, sous le regne de Charles XI". It subsequently appeared in German, English, and finally Swedish translations. Various men have been suggested to be the author, including the German jurist Samuel von Pufendorf (1632–1694), whose name was on the German edition, but the issue remains unsettled. It is one of the most controversial historical representations of the Swedish Empire, railing against the Great Reduction of 1680 in Sweden and especially sharply against Johan Gyllenstierna.
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Samuel von Pufendorf Samuel Freiherr von Pufendorf (8 January 1632 – 13 October 1694) was a German jurist, political philosopher, economist, statesman, and historian. His name was just Samuel Pufendorf until he was ennobled in 1684; he was made a Friherre (baron) by the King of Sweden a few months before his death at age 62 in 1694. Among his achievements are his commentaries and revisions of the natural law theories of Thomas Hobbes and Hugo Grotius.
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Henrik Fleming Henrik Klasson Fleming was a member of the Swedish nobility and admiral, diplomat and lord marshal. He was the author of one of the first autobiographies in Swedish, a colourful depiction of his early life which he wrote for his children in a moralising purpose.
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Robert Munro, 18th Baron of Foulis Colonel Robert Munro of Foulis (died April 1633), also known as the Black Baron, was traditionally the 18th Baron of Foulis in Scotland. He was a soldier of fortune, who served in Germany under the banners of Gustavus Adolphus, king of Sweden. It is not certain how he got his epithet of the 'Black Baron', but quite possibly it was from the colour of his hair rather than any perceived martial ferocity. Although this Robert Munro is traditionally 18th Baron and 21st overall chief of the Clan Munro, he is only the 11th Munro chief that can be proved by contemporary evidence.
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Gustaf Bonde (1620–1667) Baron Gustaf Bonde (February 4, 1620 – May 25, 1667) was a Swedish statesman. He was a persistent advocate of a pacifist policy at a time when war on the slightest provocation was the watchword of every Swedish politician.
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Simon Degge Sir Simon Degge (1612–1703) was born in Staffordshire but settled in Derby. He became a High Sheriff of Derbyshire. It was said that he served his year as Sheriff in "barrister robes and with a sword by his side". Degge was a Royalist and wrote a reference book on the law and rights of a parson called the "Parson's Counsellor...". The book includes advice on the income from a glebe, Jus patronatus and the crime of Simony.
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Axel von Fersen the Elder Count Fredrik Axel von Fersen (5 April 1719 – 24 April 1794) was a Swedish statesman and soldier.
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Owen Feltham Owen Feltham (1602 – February 23, 1668) was an English writer, author of a book entitled "Resolves, Divine, Moral, and Political" (c. 1620), containing 146 short essays. It had great popularity in its day. Feltham was for a time in the household of the Earl of Thomond as chaplain or sec., and published (1652), "Brief Character of the Low Countries". His most cited essay is "How the Distempers of these Times should affect wise Men" which was selected for inclusion in John Gross' The Oxford Book of Essays, a compilation of over a hundred of the finest essays in the English language.
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Peder Griffenfeld Count Peder Griffenfeld (before ennoblement Peder Schumacher) (24 August 1635 – 12 March 1699) was a Danish statesman and royal favourite. He became the principal adviser to King Christian V of Denmark from 1670 and the "de facto" ruler of the dual kingdom of Denmark-Norway in the first half of the 1670s. In 1673 he was appointed as Chancellor of Denmark, elevated to count, the highest aristocratic rank in Denmark-Norway, and received the Order of the Elephant, the country's highest order. At the behest of his enemies at court, Griffenfeld was arrested in early 1676 and convicted of treason, a charge that historians agree was false. He was imprisoned for 22 years, mainly at Munkholmen in Norway.
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Nils Gyldenstolpe (1642–1709) Nils Gyldenstolpe (5 November 1642 in Åbo in present-day Finland – 4 May 1709) was a Swedish count, official and diplomat. He was one of king Karl XI's closest advisors and owed much of his career to Bengt Gabrielsson Oxenstierna. His father was Mikael Olai Wexionius Gyldenstolpe.
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Beata Rosenhane Beata Rosenhane (21 January 1638 in Norrköping – 1 June 1674) was a Swedish Baroness and writer. She was known for her learning and received an education unusual for a female of her epoch, and has as such been the subject of research.
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Peregrine Osborne, 2nd Duke of Leeds Vice-Admiral Peregrine Osborne, 2nd Duke of Leeds (1659 – 25 June 1729), styled Viscount Osborne between 1673 and 1689, Earl of Danby between 1689 and 1694 and Marquess of Carmarthen between 1694 and 1712, was an English Tory politician.
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Leonora Christina Ulfeldt Leonora Christina, Countess Ulfeldt, born "Countess Leonora Christina Christiansdatter" til Slesvig og Holsten (8 July 1621 – 16 March 1698), was the daughter of King Christian IV of Denmark and wife of Steward of the Realm, traitor Count Corfitz Ulfeldt. Renowned in Denmark since the 19th century for her posthumously published autobiography, "Jammers Minde", written secretly during two decades of solitary confinement in a royal dungeon, her intimate version of the major events she witnessed in Europe's history, interwoven with ruminations on her woes as a political prisoner, still commands popular interest, scholarly respect, and has virtually become the stuff of legend as retold and enlivened in Danish literature and art.
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Jean Chardin Jean Chardin (16 November 1643 – 5 January 1713), born Jean-Baptiste Chardin, and also known as Sir John Chardin, was a French jeweller and traveller whose ten-volume book "The Travels of Sir John Chardin" is regarded as one of the finest works of early Western scholarship on Persia and the Near East in general.
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Baron Forteviot Baron Forteviot, of Dupplin in the County of Perth, is a title in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. It was created in 1917 for the Scottish businessman and Liberal Member of Parliament, Sir John Dewar, 1st Baronet. He was Chairman of the Scotch Whisky distilling company John Dewar and Sons and also represented Inverness-shire in the House of Commons. Dewar had already been created a baronet in 1907. s of 2010 the titles are held by his grandson, the fourth Baron, who succeeded his father in 1993 (who in his turn had succeeded his half-brother in 1947).
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Christina Piper Christina Piper, née "Törne" (1673 in Stockholm – 1752 in Krageholm Castle, Scania), was a Swedish countess, landowner and entrepreneur, married to the statesman and military count Carl Piper. During the tenure of her spouse in office, she played a considerable political role. Christina Piper became known in history as a landowner and builder. She is known as one of the most successful female entrepreneurs in contemporary Scandinavia, and as one of the greatest builders in the history of Scania.
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Fabian von Fersen Baron Fabian von Fersen (February 7, 1626 in Reval – July 30, 1677 in Malmö) was a Swedish soldier and statesman, who received appointments Field Marshal, and then Governor General of the Scanian lands, which included the provinces of Skåne, Halland and Blekinge in 1676.
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Gustav David Hamilton Gustav David Hamilton (1699–1788) was a Swedish count and soldier. He was born in 1699 in Barsebäck, Malmöhus County, Sweden. He left Sweden in 1718-1720 to educate himself in warfare in France. In 1720 he became a captain and in 1740 he became a lieutenant colonel, both during French service. In 1741 he returned to Sweden and made a series of career progressions. In 1741 he became a colonel, in 1747 a major general and in 1755 lieutenant general. He was also named a count in 1751, and in 1765 he gained the right to the title field marshal. In 1778 he was made a Lord of the Realm. He was also politically active in the Hats.
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Edward Rich, 7th Earl of Warwick Edward Henry Rich, 9th Baron Rich, 7th Earl of Warwick and 4th Earl of Holland (January 1698 – 16 August 1721) was an English peer and member of the House of Lords, styled Lord Rich until 1701 He is chiefly remembered as the stepson of the celebrated writer Joseph Addison.
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Inge the Elder Inge the Elder (Swedish: "Inge Stenkilsson"; Old Norse: "Ingi Steinkelsson") (died c. 1105-1110) was a King of Sweden. In English literature he has also been called "Ingold". While the sources do not allow us to paint a full picture of his term of kingship, he is known to have led a turbulent but at length successful reign of more than two decades. He stands out as a devoted Christian who founded the first abbey in Sweden and acted harshly against pagan practices. The kingdom was still an unstable realm based on alliances of noblemen, and Inge's main power base was in Västergötland and Östergötland; one of the earliest chronicles that mention his reign knows him as "rex gautorum", King of the Geats.
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Axel Rosenkrantz Axel Rosenkrantz (16 December 1670 – 14 November 1723) was a Norwegian landowner and baron.
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Pontus De la Gardie Baron Pontus De la Gardie (ca. 1520 – 5 November 1585) was a French nobleman and general in the service of Denmark and Sweden.