Soggetto cavato was a technique pioneered by the composer who was referred to by what mononym?
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Soggetto cavato Soggetto cavato ] is an innovative technique of Renaissance composer Josquin des Prez that was later named by the theorist Zarlino in 1558 in his "Le institutioni harmoniche" as "soggetto cavato dalle vocali di queste parole", or literally, a subject 'carved out of the vowels from these words.' It is an early example of a musical cryptogram.
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Josquin des Prez Josquin des Prez (] ; c. 1450/1455  – 27 August 1521), often referred to simply as Josquin, was a French composer of the Renaissance. His original name is sometimes given as Josquin Lebloitte and his later name is given under a wide variety of spellings in French, Italian, and Latin, including Iosquinus Pratensis and Iodocus a Prato . His motet "Illibata Dei virgo nutrix" includes an acrostic of his name, where he spelled it "Josquin des Prez". He was the most famous European composer between Guillaume Dufay and Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina, and is usually considered to be the central figure of the Franco-Flemish School. Josquin is widely considered by music scholars to be the first master of the high Renaissance style of polyphonic vocal music that was emerging during his lifetime.
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Annibale Padovano Annibale Padovano (1527 – March 15, 1575) was an Italian composer and organist of the late Renaissance Venetian School. He was one of the earliest developers of the keyboard toccata.
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Enzo Muccetti Enzo Muccetti (born June 29, 1912 in Corfinio; died March 24, 1977 in Parma) was a great Italian classical bassoonist and pedagogue. He studied at the Giuseppe Verdi Conservatory in Turin, originally with the intention of learning the cello but shifting to the bassoon which was more suited to his small hands. Although he started out with the Buffet system, he switched to the German system. His work improving the mechanics of the bassoon was readily accepted by Heckel, which eventually designed and dedicated a special model of bassoon to him, "Model 41, Special E.M." Heckel built bassoons with three different styles of bells, one of which, the "Muccetti" bell (also known as the Italian bell), was named after him. He served as principal bassoonist at La Scala from 1947 to 1971. After conducting a La Scala concert, Paul Hindemith wrote in his programme "if all bassoonists were so marvelous, life, and especially writing for the bassoon, would be more of a joy than it usually is." Similarly, Herbert von Karajan wrote after a series of concerts at La Scala, "I'm pleased to have found a bassoonist of such stature that in almost all European orchestras there is no one to be compared with you." Muccetti was a professor at the Parma Conservatory, where his students included Evando Dall'Oca (his eventual successor at La Scala), Romano Santi, Michael Chapman and Wendy Philips.
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Giovanni Battista Viotti Giovanni Battista Viotti (12 May 1755 – 3 March 1824) was an Italian violinist whose virtuosity was famed and whose work as a composer featured a prominent violin and an appealing lyrical tunefulness. He was also a director of French and Italian opera companies in Paris and London.
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Giuseppe Valentini Giuseppe Valentini (14 December 1681 – November 1753), nicknamed "Straccioncino" (Little Ragamuffin), was an Italian violinist, painter, poet, and composer, though he is known chiefly as a composer of inventive instrumental music. He studied under Giovanni Bononcini in Rome between 1692 and 1697. From 1710 to 1727 he served as "‘Suonator di Violino, e Componitore di Musica’" to Prince . He also succeeded Corelli as director of the concertino at San Luigi dei Francesi, from 1710 to 1741. Though during his lifetime overshadowed by the likes of Corelli, Vivaldi, and Locatelli, his contribution to Italian baroque music is noteworthy, and many of his works were published throughout Europe.
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Luigi Nono Luigi Nono (] ; 29 January 1924 – 8 May 1990) was an Italian avant-garde composer of classical music and remains one of the most prominent composers of the 20th century.
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Aria del Gran Duca Aria del Gran Duca is a popular melody and ground bass originating in a number by Emilio de Cavalieri in the Florentine Intermedio of 1592. It spread over Europe and was used as a basis of compositions by numerous other Renaissance composers, both anonymous and named, such as Santino Garsi da Parma, Peter Philips, Sweelinck, and Banchieri.
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Giovanni Battista Sammartini Giovanni Battista Sammartini (c. 1700 – 15 January 1775) was an Italian composer, oboist, organist, choirmaster and teacher. He counted Gluck among his students, and was highly regarded by younger composers including Johann Christian Bach. It has also been noted that many stylizations in Joseph Haydn's compositions are similar to those of Sammartini, although Haydn denied any such influence. Sammartini is especially associated with the formation of the concert symphony through both the shift from a brief opera-overture style and the introduction of a new seriousness and use of thematic development that prefigure Haydn and Mozart. Some of his works are described as "galant", a style associated with Enlightenment ideals, while "the prevailing impression left by Sammartini's work... [is that] he contributed greatly to the development of a Classical style that achieved its moment of greatest clarity precisely when his long, active life was approaching its end".
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Xavier Montsalvatge Xavier Montsalvatge i Bassols (] ; 11 March 1912 – 7 May 2002) was a Spanish composer and music critic. He was one of the most influential music figures in Catalan music during the latter half of the 20th century.
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Mimmo Cavallo Cosimo Cavallo (born 1 January 1951), best known as Mimmo Cavallo, is an Italian singer-songwriter and composer.
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A capriccio A capriccio ] (Italian: "following one's fancy") is a tempo marking indicating a free and approach to the tempo (and possibly the style) of the piece. This marking will usually modify another, such as "lento a capriccio", often used in the Hungarian Rhapsodies of Franz Liszt. Perhaps the most famous piece to use the term is Ludwig van Beethoven's "Rondò a capriccio" (Op. 129), better known as "Rage Over a Lost Penny".
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Giovanni Maria Alemanni Giovanni Maria Alemanni (also "Joannis Marie", "Gian Maria", etc.) (fl. 1st quarter of the 16th century) was an Italian composer and lutenist. Practically nothing is known about his life or work. The only known collection of his music, published in 1508 by Ottaviano Petrucci, is lost. He was still active in 1521, and apparently was one of the last exponents of the plectrum technique (Wilson, 1997, citing Franco Pavan). Alemanni's reputation was probably quite high: in 1536 the printer Francesco Marcolini praised him as one of the best composers of his time, along with Giovanni Angelo Testagrossa and Josquin des Prez (Ness, Grove).
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Giambattista Varesco Father Giambattista Varesco (26 November 1735 – 25 August 1805) was a chaplain, musician, poet and (most famously) librettist to Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart. His given name variously appears as Giambattista, Gianbattista, Giovanni Battista and Girolamo Giovanni Battista. He is sometimes referred to with the Italian title "Abate" or the French "Abbé", both used for priests:
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Jacopo Corsi Jacopo Corsi (17 July 1561 – 29 December 1602) was an Italian composer of the late Renaissance and early Baroque and one of Florence's leading patrons of the arts, after only the Medicis. His best-known work is "Dafne" (1597/98), whose score he wrote in collaboration with Jacopo Peri. Six fragments of the score have survived, two by Corsi and four by Peri. The libretto, by Ottavio Rinuccini, has survived intact. Despite priority quibbles at the time, Dafne is generally accepted as the first opera.
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Giovanni Antonio Giay Giovanni Antonio Giay (sometimes spelled Giaj; 11 June 1690 – 10 September 1764) was an Italian composer. His compositional output includes 15 operas, 5 symphonies, and a significant amount of sacred music.
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Bernardo Pasquini Bernardo Pasquini (7 December 163721 November 1710) was an Italian composer of operas, oratorios, cantatas and keyboard music. A renowned virtuoso keyboard player in his day, he was one of the most important Italian composers for harpsichord between Girolamo Frescobaldi and Domenico Scarlatti, having also made substantial contributions to the opera and oratorio.
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Bonaventura Somma Bonaventura Somma ( Chianciano Terme 30 July 1893 – Rome 23 October 1960) was an Italian Romantic composer, conductor and organist.
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Jean-Baptiste Senaillé Jean Baptiste Senaillé (23 November 1687 in Paris – 15 October 1730 idem) was a French born Baroque composer and violin virtuoso. His father was a member of Les Vingt-quatre Violons du Roi. Senaillé studied under Jean-Baptiste Anet, Giovanni Antonio Piani and in Italy under Tomaso Antonio Vitali and imported Italian musical techniques and pieces into the French court. He wrote around 50 violin sonatas. He is most well known for a fast 2/4 movement from one of these sonatas, "Allegro Spiritoso", which has had versions published transcribed for a wide variety of instruments, from violoncello to bassoon to euphonium.
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Johann Strauss I Johann Strauss I (German: "Johann Baptist Strauß, Johann Strauss (Vater)" ; also Johann Baptist Strauss, Johann Strauss Sr., the Elder, the Father; March 14, 1804 – September 25, 1849) was an Austrian Romantic composer. He was famous for his waltzes, and he popularized them alongside Joseph Lanner, thereby setting the foundations for his sons to carry on his musical dynasty. His most famous piece is the Radetzky March (named after Joseph Radetzky von Radetz).
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Franz Asplmayr Franz Asplmayr (1 April 1728 – 29 July 1786) was an Austrian composer and violinist. There are many variants of his name, including Franz Aspelmayr, Franz Aschpellmayr and Franz Appelmeyer. He is best known for an opera on Greek myths, and for a few symphonies and string trios of his which were attributed to Joseph Haydn at one time. Among the few scholars who have studied his music, there are many differing opinions as to the quality. J. Murray Barbour, for one, deems Asplmayr's 80 minuets "scored mostly for oboes, horns, and strings, without violas," that "all are extremely boring, as if written between beers." Temperly, on the other hand, finds advances "with respect to harmony and developmental techniques."
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Eugenio Cavallini Eugenio Cavallini (16 June 1806 — 11 April 1881) was an Italian conductor, composer, violinist, and violist. In 1833 he became first violinist of the orchestra at La Scala, a post he held through 1855. He also served as a conductor at La Scala, notably leading the world premieres of Gaetano Donizetti's "Lucrezia Borgia" (1833), Donizetti's "Gemma di Vergy" (1834), Donizetti's "Maria Stuarda" (1835), Saverio Mercadante's "Il giuramento" (1837), Mercadante's "Il bravo" (1839), Giuseppe Verdi's "Oberto" (1839), Verdi's "Un giorno di regno" (1840), Donizetti's "Maria Padilla" (1841), Verdi's "Nabucco" (1842), Verdi's "I Lombardi alla prima crociata" (1843), Verdi's "Giovanna d'Arco" (1845), Federico Ricci's "Estella di Murcia" (1846), and Domenico Ronzani's "Salvator Rosa" (1854).