When was the Native American leader, teacher, lecturer, activist and author born with whom Clyde Howard Bellecourt co-founded AIM in 1968?
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Clyde Bellecourt Clyde Howard Bellecourt (born May 8, 1936) is a White Earth Ojibwe civil rights organizer noted for co-founding the American Indian Movement (AIM) in 1968 with Dennis Banks, Herb Powless, and Eddie Benton Banai, among others. His older brother, the late Vernon Bellecourt, was also active. Clyde was the seventh of 12 children born to his parents (Charles and Angeline) on the White Earth Indian Reservation in northern Minnesota.
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Dennis Banks Dennis Banks (born April 12, 1937), a Native American leader, teacher, lecturer, activist and author, is an Anishinaabe born on Leech Lake Indian Reservation in northern Minnesota. Banks is also known as Nowa Cumig ("Naawakamig" in the Double Vowel System). His name in the Ojibwe language means "In the Center of the Universe." He has been a longtime leader of the American Indian Movement, which he co-founded in 1968 with Native Americans in Minneapolis.
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David Risling David Risling Jr. (April 10, 1921, Morek, Humboldt County, CA - March 13, 2005, Davis, CA) was a Native American (Hoopa) educator and rights activist who was often referred to as "The Father of Indian Education".
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Susan La Flesche Picotte Susan LaFlesche Picotte (June 17, 1865 – September 18, 1915) was an Omaha Native American doctor and reformer in the late 19th century. She is widely acknowledged as the first Native American to earn a medical degree. She campaigned for public health and for the formal, legal allotment of land to members of the Omaha tribe.
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Albert White Hat Albert White Hat (November 18, 1938 - June 13, 2013) was a teacher of the Lakota language, and an activist for Sičháŋǧu Lakȟóta traditional culture. He translated the Lakota language for Hollywood movies, including the 1990 movie "Dances with Wolves", and created a modern Lakota orthography and textbook.
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Major Israel McCreight Major Israel McCreight (Oglala Lakota: "Cante Tanke" ("Great Heart")(Čhaŋté Tȟáŋka) in Standard Lakota Orthography) (April 22, 1865 – October 13, 1958) is notable in American history as a Progressive Era banker, conservationist and expert on Native American culture and policy. McCreight was a founder of the Pennsylvania Conservation Association, and authored President Theodore Roosevelt’s conservation policy on public education and Cook Forest State Park, the first Pennsylvania State Park acquired to preserve a natural landmark. McCreight dedicated his life to public education about Native American culture and was a nominee for U.S. Commissioner of Indian Affairs. McCreight’s relationship with the Lakota people began as a young man in the Dakota Territory in 1885 when he lived with them during a period of great sorrow. He returned to Du Bois, Pennsylvania, became a successful banker, and led the region into prominence as the biggest bituminous coal producers in the United States between 1890 and World War I. McCreight collaborated with Flying Hawk, an Oglala Lakota Chief, to write a Native American’s view of U.S. history and classic accounts of the Battle of the Little Big Horn, Crazy Horse and commentaries on Native American philosophy. The Wigwam, McCreight’s home in Du Bois, Pennsylvania, was a Native American heritage center and once the Eastern home of Oglala Lakota ""Oskate Wicasa"" Wild Westers. McCreight was a founder of the Pennsylvania Banker’s Association and member of the Pennsylvania Society of New York. McCreight was an ardent student of the Indian, a lover of fair play and an author of books and articles.
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Linda Aranaydo Dr. Linda Susan Aranaydo(born 1948) is an award-winning Native American physician. Recognizing the health issues related to her Muscogee Indian Tribe, as a single mother of two she decided to get a B.A. in social sciences at University of California, Berkley, and later an M.D. at the University of California, San Francisco. After earning her M.D., she worked in a variety of careers, from being a provider at Native American clinics, providing technical assistance to Native American clinics, direct, individual teaching services to Indian clinics.
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Wayne Ducheneaux Wayne Leo Ducheneaux (September 25, 1936 – December 17, 2012) was a rancher, United States Marine, and leader of the Cheyenne River Sioux Tribe, being elected to the tribal council in 1966 and as its chairman for eight years beginning in 1974. He served as president of the National Congress of American Indians from 1990 to 1991.
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Carlos Montezuma Carlos Montezuma or Wassaja (born c.1866; died 1923) was a Yavapai-Apache Native American,activist and a founding member of the Society of American Indians. His birth name Wassaja, means "Signaling" or "Beckoning" in his native tongue. Wassaja was kidnapped by Pima raiders along with other children to be sold or bartered. Wassaja was then purchased by an Italian photographer Carlo Gentile in Adamsville, for thirty silver dollars. Gentile renamed him "Carlos Montezuma". Montezuma was the first Native American student at the University of Illinois and Northwestern University, and only the second Native American ever to earn a medical degree in an American University after Susan La Flesche Picotte. Wassaja was the first Native American male to receive a medical degree. Until his death Wassaja fought to support the rights of his Yavapai people and other Native Americans.
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Louis F. Burns Louis Francis Burns (January 2, 1920 – May 20, 2012) (Osage) was an American historian, author, and teacher, a leading expert on the history, mythology and culture of the Osage Nation. Burns wrote more than a dozen books and scholarly works on the Osage people. In 2002 he was inducted into the Oklahoma Historians Hall of Fame.
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North American Indian Women's Association The North American Indian Women's Association is a non-profit educational and service association, which seeks to promote intertribal-communications, betterment of home, family life and community, betterment of health and education, awareness of Indian cultures, and fellowship among North American Indian people. NAIWA was founded in the summer of 1970 and was the first national Native American women's group. Marie Cox (Comanche), from Midwest City, Oklahoma served as founding president at the inaugural meeting, which was held in Fort Collins, Colorado. During the 1970s adoption reform was one of its greatest concerns. Cox's presidency was followed by Agnes Dill of the Isleta Pueblo, in New Mexico in 1973, who was in turn succeeded by Mary Jane Fate (Koyukon Athabaskan) from Fairbanks, Alaska in 1975. Only women from federally recognized Indian tribes can be members.
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Phil Fontaine Larry Phillip "Phil" Fontaine, {'1': ", '2': ", '3': ", '4': "} (born September 20, 1944) is an Aboriginal Canadian leader. He completed his third and final term as National Chief of the Assembly of First Nations in 2009.
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Fred Loft Frederick Ogilvie Loft (February 3, 1861 – 1934, Mohawk name Onondeyoh, also known as F. O. Loft or Fred O. Loft) was a Mohawk nation activist who founded the League of Indians of Canada. He has been counted among "the great Indian activists of the first half of the twentieth century."
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American Indian Movement of Colorado The American Indian Movement of Colorado (Colorado AIM), also called AIM-International Confederation of Autonomous Chapters, split by 1993-1994 from the Minneapolis-based, national organization of the American Indian Movement, since then known as the AIM Grand Governing Council, which claims the right to the name. The organizations had tried to keep their dissension internal and presented the split as an ideological one. Notable activists associated with AIM of Colorado have been Russell Means and Ward Churchill.
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Howard Thurman Howard Washington Thurman (November 18, 1899 – April 10, 1981) was an influential African-American author, philosopher, theologian, educator, and civil rights leader. As a prominent religious figure, he played a leading role in many social justice movements and organizations of the twentieth century. Thurman's theology of radical nonviolence influenced and shaped a generation of civil rights activists, and he was a key mentor to leaders within the movement, including Martin Luther King, Jr.
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George Manuel George Manuel, OC (February 21, 1921 – November 15, 1989) was an Aboriginal leader in Canada. In the 1970s, he was chief of the National Indian Brotherhood (known today as the Assembly of First Nations).
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Frank Fools Crow Frank Fools Crow (circa 1890 – 1989) was a deeply–respected Oglala Lakota civic and religious leader. 'Grandfather', or 'Grandpa Frank' as he was often called, was a nephew of Black Elk who worked to preserve Lakota traditions, including the Sun Dance and yuwipi ceremonies. He supported Lakota sovereignty and treaty rights, and was a leader of the traditional faction during the armed standoff at Wounded Knee in 1973. With writer Thomas E. Mails, he produced two books about his life and work, "Fools Crow" in 1979, and "Fools Crow: Wisdom and Power" in 1990.
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Leonard Peltier Leonard Peltier (born September 12, 1944) is a Native American activist, a citizen of the Anishinabe & Dakota/Lakota Nations, and member of the American Indian Movement (AIM). In 1977, he was convicted and sentenced to two consecutive terms of life imprisonment for first-degree murder in the shooting of two Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) agents during a 1975 conflict on the Pine Ridge Indian Reservation.
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Trail of Broken Treaties The Trail of Broken Treaties (also known as the Trail of Broken Treaties Caravan and the Pan American Native Quest for Justice ) was a cross-country protest, that was staged in the autumn of 1972 in the United States by American Indian and First Nations organizations. Designed to bring national attention to American Indian issues, such as treaty rights, living standards, and inadequate housing, it brought to the national capital the largest gathering ever of American Indians presenting their hopes.
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Michael Jandreau Michael B. Jandreau (October 20, 1943 – April 3, 2015) was a Native American leader.
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Amani Williams Hunt Abdullah Amani Williams Hunt Abdullah, (born 21 May 1953 in Tapah, Perak, Malaysia) is a notable indigenous Malaysian social activist, and politician who campaigned for most of his life seeking greater social justice, land rights, and improved life opportunities for Aboriginal Malaysians in Peninsular Malaysia.
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Frank LaMere Frank LaMere (born c. 1950) is a Winnebago Activist from South Sioux City, Nebraska. He was a member of the American Indian Movement (AIM) in the 1970s and more recently is noted for his work opposing liquor sales in Whiteclay, Nebraska, a small town whose main industry is selling alcohol to residents of the nearby Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, where alcohol sales are prohibited. LaMere is a leader in the Democratic Party, and has served as chairman of the National Native American Caucus and been a delegate to the Democratic National Convention seven consecutive times from 1988 to 2012.