The 10th Chief of Staff of what country was responsible for planning and executing a successful counter-terrorist hostage-rescue mission at Entebbe Airport ?
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Mordechai Gur Lt. Gen. Mordechai "Motta" Gur (Hebrew: מרדכי "מוטה" גור‎ ‎ , May 6, 1930 – July 16, 1995) was an Israeli politician and the 10th Chief of Staff of the IDF. During the Six-Day War (1967), he commanded the division that penetrated the Old City of Jerusalem and broadcast the famous words, "The Temple Mount is in our hands!" (Hebrew: הר הבית בידינו‎ ‎ , "Har HaBayit BeYadeinu"). As Chief of Staff, he had responsibility for planning and executing Operation Entebbe (1976) to free Jewish hostages in Uganda. He later entered the Knesset and held various ministerial portfolios. He contracted terminal cancer and committed suicide at the age of 65.
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Operation Entebbe Operation Entebbe was a successful counter-terrorist hostage-rescue mission carried out by commandos of the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) at Entebbe Airport in Uganda on 4 July 1976. A week earlier, on 27 June, an Air France plane with 248 passengers had been hijacked by two members of the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine – External Operations (PFLP-EO) under orders of Wadie Haddad (who had earlier broken away from the PFLP of George Habash), and two members of the German Revolutionary Cells. The hijackers had the stated objective to free 40 Palestinian and affiliated militants imprisoned in Israel and 13 prisoners in four other countries in exchange for the hostages. The flight, which had originated in Tel Aviv with the destination of Paris, was diverted after a stopover in Athens via Benghazi to Entebbe, the main airport of Uganda. The Ugandan government supported the hijackers, and dictator Idi Amin personally welcomed them. After moving all hostages from the aircraft to a disused airport building, the hijackers separated all Israelis and several non-Israeli Jews from the larger group and forced them into a separate room. Over the following two days, 148 non-Israeli hostages were released and flown out to Paris. Ninety-four, mainly Israeli, passengers along with the 12-member Air France crew, remained as hostages and were threatened with death.
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Peter Hunt (British Army officer) General Sir Peter Mervyn Hunt {'1': ", '2': ", '3': ", '4': "} (11 March 1916 – 2 October 1988) was Chief of the General Staff, the professional head of the British Army, from 1973 to 1976. He served in the Second World War and commanded British Forces deployed in response to the Indonesia–Malaysia confrontation. Later in his career he provided advice to the British Government at a time of continuing tension associated with the Troubles in Northern Ireland.
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Hostage Rescue Team The Hostage Rescue Team (HRT) is the elite Police Tactical Unit of the United States Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI). The HRT was formed to provide a full time federal law enforcement tactical unit capability to respond to major terrorist incidents throughout the United States. Today, the HRT performs a number of national security and law enforcement tactical functions in high-risk environments and conditions and has deployed overseas including with military Joint Special Operations Command units.
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Jibril Agreement The Jibril Agreement was a prisoner exchange deal which took place on May 21, 1985 between the Israeli government, then headed by Shimon Peres, and the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine - General Command (an organization often known as just 'PFLP-GC'). As part of the agreement, Israel released 1,150 security prisoners held in Israeli prisons in exchange for three Israeli prisoners (Yosef Grof, Nissim Salem, Hezi Shai) captured during the First Lebanon War. This was one of several prisoner exchange agreements carried out between Israel and groups it classified as terrorist organizations around that time. Among the prisoners released by Israel were Kozo Okamoto - one of the perpetrators of the Lod Airport Massacre in May 1972, who had been sentenced to life imprisonment, and Ahmed Yassin, a Gazan Muslim Brotherhood leader who was sentenced to 13 years imprisonment in 1983 and who later became the spiritual leader of Hamas). Another prisoner released was Ali Jiddah who had served 17 years for planting of a bomb near a Jerusalem hospital in 1968 that wounded nine Israelis. Abdullah Nimar Darwish, on the other hand, has renounced violence by Palestinians within Israeli borders.
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Norwegian Joint Headquarters The Norwegian Joint Headquarters (Norwegian: "Forsvarets operative hovedkvarter" , FOH) is the Norwegian Armed Forces operational commando-center. It is located at Reitan outside Bodø, where during the Cold War NATO's Allied Command North Norway was based. The current organization was created on 1 August 2009, replacing a former joint commando center in Stavanger, which merged with the Northern Norway Command. It is led by chief-of-command, Lieutenant general, Morten Haga Lunde.
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Garuda Indonesia Flight 206 Garuda Indonesia Flight 206 was a McDonnell Douglas DC-9 owned by the Indonesian state-owned carrier Garuda Indonesia, and the aircraft was registered as PK-GNJ. The plane was hijacked on a domestic flight from Kemayoran Airport, Jakarta to Polonia International Airport, Medan on 28 March 1981 by the member of Islamic extremist group called Jihad Command. Their demands included the release of their comrades from Indonesian jails. Three days later the aircraft was stormed by Indonesian special forces, who freed most of the passengers, and killed three hijackers, the pilot and one of their colleagues.
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Operation Thunderbolt (film) Operation Thunderbolt, known in Israel as Mivtsa Yonatan (מבצע יונתן, literally "Operation Jonathan") (aka 'Entebbe: Operation Thunderbolt title in the US), is a 1977 Israeli film directed by Menahem Golan and stars Klaus Kinski, Yehoram Gaon and Sybil Danning. The film is based on an actual event – the hijacking of a flight by terrorists and the freeing of Israeli hostages on July 4, 1976. The operation was known as (Operation Entebbe, military code name: "Operation Thunderbolt") at Entebbe Airport in Uganda. "Operation Thunderbolt" follows the events following the flight's takeoff until the hostages' return to Israel.
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United Nations Security Council Resolution 579 United Nations Security Council resolution 579, adopted unanimously on 18 December 1985, in a meeting called by the United States, the Council expressed its deep concern at the prevalence in incidents of hostage-taking having grave consequences for the international community and relations between states.
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Battle of Aidabasalala The Battle of Aidabasalala (16 October 1999) was a small but hard fought action during the 1999 East Timorese crisis between pro-Indonesian militia and a six-man Australian covert reconnaissance patrol from the Special Air Service Regiment (SASR) operating as part of the United Nations-mandated International Force for East Timor (INTERFET). The battle took place near Aidabasalala, 15 km from the West Timor border, and saw the Australians repeatedly attacked in a series of fire-fights by a group of more than sixty armed militia.The SASR patrol had been detected whilst establishing an observation post over a village and were forced to fight their way to a landing zone, being attacked a further three times over a one-and-a-half-hour period, killing a number of their attackers before they were successfully extracted by S-70 Black Hawk helicopter.
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Armed Forces of the Republic of the Congo The Armed Forces of the Republic of the Congo (French: "Forces armées de la République du Congo" ), also less formally denoted as the "Forces armées congolaises" or its acronym FAC, are the military forces of the Republic of the Congo. They consist of the Congolese Army, the Congolese Air Force, and the Congolese Marine (Navy). The dissolution of French Equatorial Africa in 1958, and France's impending military withdrawal from the Congo in August 1960, provided the impetuous for the formation of the FAC. The FAC and state paramilitary agencies are headed by an "Armed Forces Chief of General Staff", usually appointed by the President of the Republic of the Congo. Major General Guy Blanchard Okoï has served as chief of staff since 2012.
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To Pay the Price To Pay the Price is a 2009 play by Peter-Adrian Cohen based in part on the letters of Israeli hero Yonatan Netanyahu, who was killed in action during Operation Entebbe at Entebbe airport, by Ugandan soldiers, when the Israeli military rescued hostages after an aircraft hijacking by Palestinian terrorists. Netanyahu was the leader of the assault, and the only Israeli military fatality of the raid.
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African Standby Force The African Standby Force (ASF) (French: "Force africaine en attente") is an international, continental African, and multidisciplinary peacekeeping force with military, police and civilian contingents that acts under the direction of the African Union. The ASF is to be deployed in times of crisis in Africa. Addis Ababa, Ethiopia serves as the Force's Headquarters. Douala, Cameroon, was in 2011 selected as the site of the AU's Continental Logistics Base (LOGBASE).
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1961 Ndola United Nations DC-6 crash The Ndola United Nations DC-6 crash happened on 18 September 1961. Dag Hammarskjöld, the second Secretary-General of the United Nations and 15 others died. Hammarskjöld's death occurred in Northern Rhodesia while "en route" to cease-fire negotiations.
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Luttif Afif Luttif Afif (1937 or 1945 – 6 September 1972), "alias" Issa (Jesus in Arabic), was the commander of the group of Palestinian fedayeen, who led the invasion into the Munich Olympic Village on 5 September 1972 and took as hostage nine members of Israel's Olympic team after killing two members who resisted. He was the chief negotiator on behalf of the Palestinians, who were members of the Black September offshoot of Yassir Arafat's Palestine Liberation Organization. The various pictures of Afif, wearing a white beach hat and a linen safari suit and his face covered with charcoal or shoe polish are some of the iconic images of the 1972 Munich Olympics.
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The Secret History of 9/11 The Secret History of 9/11 is a documentary which aired on CBC Television on September 12, 2006, to mark the fifth anniversary of the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks. Written and directed by Terence McKenna, it includes interviews with a number of key people including the Chief of Counter-terrorism at the White House Richard Clarke, the head of the CIA Bin Laden Unit Michael Scheuer, members of the 9/11 Commission including Chairman Thomas Kean and Vice-Chairman Lee H. Hamilton and Marc H. Sasseville, the U.S. fighter pilot who was prepared to fly his unarmed F-16 into a hijacked aircraft.
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Double Tenth incident The "Double Tenth incident" or "Double Tenth massacre" occurred on 10 October 1943, during the Second World War Japanese occupation of Singapore. The "Kempeitai" – Japanese Military Police – arrested and tortured fifty-seven civilians and civilian internees on suspicion of their involvement in a raid on Singapore Harbour that had been carried out by Anglo–Australian commandos from "Operation Jaywick". Seven Japanese ships were sunk, but none of those arrested and tortured had participated in the raid, nor had any knowledge of it. Fifteen of them died in Singapore's Changi Prison.
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Operation Unified Response Operation Unified Response was the United States military's response to the 2010 Haiti earthquake. It was conducted by Joint Task Force Haiti and commanded by United States Southern Command (USSOUTHCOM) Military Deputy Commander Lieutenant General Ken Keen, although the overall U.S. government response was headed by Rajiv Shah, administrator of the United States Agency for International Development (USAID).
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2/10th Commando Squadron (Australia) The 2/10th Commando Squadron was a commando unit raised by the Australian Army for service in World War II. Raised in 1944, the unit saw action late in the war against the Japanese during the Aitape–Wewak campaign. During this campaign the squadron carried out a number of tasks including long-range patrols, flank protection and area defence. Later in the campaign the 2/10th were used to spearhead an amphibious assault landing at Dove Bay, east of Wewak before being used as line infantry during the final 'mopping up' stages of the campaign. Following the end of the war the unit was disbanded.
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United Nations Security Council Resolution 1605 United Nations Security Council resolution1605, adopted unanimously on 17 June 2005, after considering a report by the Secretary-General Kofi Annan regarding the United Nations Disengagement Observer Force (UNDOF) and reaffirming Resolution 1308 (2000), the Council extended its mandate for a further six months until 31 December 2005.
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Frank Mushyo Kamanzi Lieutenant General Frank Mushyo Kamanzi is the Force Commander of the United Nations Mission in South Sudan; he was appointed on 11 April 2017 by United Nations Secretary-General António Guterres. Prior to that, he was the Force Commander of the African Union-United Nations Hybrid Operation in Darfur.
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Roshan Goonetileke Air Chief Marshal WDRMJ Roshan Goonetileke RWP & bar, VSV, USP, ndc, psc was appointed the Chief of Defence Staff on 28 February 2011 on relinquishing Command of the Sri Lanka Air Force. He was the 12th Commander of the Sri Lanka Air Force (SLAF) and is the eldest son of the 5th Commander of the Sri Lanka Air Force, late Air Chief Marshal Harry Goonetileke and the elder brother of late Group Captain Shirantha Goonetileke, who was killed in combat in 1995. He was the second serving service Commander to be appointed as Chief of Defence Staff whilst holding the office.