Who did the person believed to be The "infidel mathematician"  succeed as the AStronomer Royal in Britain?
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The Analyst The Analyst, subtitled ""A DISCOURSE Addressed to an Infidel MATHEMATICIAN. WHEREIN It is examined whether the Object, Principles, and Inferences of the modern Analysis are more distinctly conceived, or more evidently deduced, than Religious Mysteries and Points of Faith"", is a book published by George Berkeley in 1734. The "infidel mathematician" is believed to have been Edmond Halley, though others have speculated Sir Isaac Newton was intended. See .
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Edmond Halley Edmond (or Edmund) Halley, FRS (pronounced ; 8 November [O.S. 29 October] 1656 – 25 January 1742 [O.S. 14 January 1741] ) was an English astronomer, geophysicist, mathematician, meteorologist, and physicist who is best known for computing the orbit of Halley's Comet. He was the second Astronomer Royal in Britain, succeeding John Flamsteed.
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Thomas Branker Thomas Branker (Brancker) (1633–1676) was an English mathematician.
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Richard Laughton Richard Laughton (1670?–1723) was an English churchman and academic, now known as a natural philosopher and populariser of the ideas of Isaac Newton.
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Edward Wright (mathematician) Edward Wright (baptised 8 October 1561; died November 1615) was an English mathematician and cartographer noted for his book "Certaine Errors in Navigation" (1599; 2nd ed., 1610), which for the first time explained the mathematical basis of the Mercator projection, and set out a reference table giving the linear scale multiplication factor as a function of latitude, calculated for each minute of arc up to a latitude of 75°. This was in fact a table of values of the integral of the secant function, and was the essential step needed to make practical both the making and the navigational use of Mercator charts.
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Callippus Callippus ( ; Ancient Greek: Κάλλιππος ; c. 370 BC – c. 300 BC) was a Greek astronomer and mathematician.
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John Craig (mathematician) John Craig (1663 – 11 October 1731) was a Scottish mathematician and theologian.
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William Wales (astronomer) William Wales (1734? – 29 December 1798) was a British mathematician and astronomer.
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John Wallis John Wallis ( ; 3 December 1616 – 8 November 1703) was an English mathematician who is given partial credit for the development of infinitesimal calculus. Between 1643 and 1689 he served as chief cryptographer for Parliament and, later, the royal court. He is credited with introducing the symbol ∞ for infinity. He similarly used 1/∞ for an infinitesimal.
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Jonathan Cape (mathematician) Jonathan Cape FRS (1793–9 September 1868) was a mathematician and Church of England clergyman.
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Francesco Barozzi Francesco Barozzi (in Latin, "Franciscus Barocius") (9 August 1537 – 23 November 1604) was an Italian mathematician, astronomer and humanist.
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Ahmad ibn Yusuf Abu Ja'far Ahmad ibn Yusuf ibn Ibrahim ibn Tammam al-Siddiq Al-Baghdadi (835–912), known in the West by his Latinized name Hametus, was an Arab mathematician, like his father Yusuf ibn Ibrahim (Arabic: يوسف بن ابراهيم الصدَيق البغدادي‎ ‎ ).
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Ibn Yunus Abu al-Hasan 'Ali ibn 'Abd al-Rahman ibn Ahmad ibn Yunus al-Sadafi al-Misri (Arabic: ابن يونس) (c. 950-1009) was an important Egyptian Muslim astronomer and mathematician, whose works are noted for being ahead of their time, having been based on meticulous calculations and attention to detail.
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John Hellins John Hellins FRS ( 1749 – 5 April 1827) was an autodidact, schoolteacher, mathematician, astronomer and country parson.
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Nicholas Kratzer Nicholas Kratzer (1487? – 1550) was a German mathematician, astronomer, and horologist. Much of Kratzer's professional life was spent in England, where he was appointed as astronomer to King Henry VIII.
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Isaac Newton in popular culture Isaac Newton was an English mathematician, natural philosopher, theologian, alchemist and one of the most influential scientists in human history. His "Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica" is considered to be one of the most influential book in the history of science, laying the groundwork for most of classical mechanics by describing universal gravitation and the three laws of motion. In mathematics, Newton shares the credit with Gottfried Leibniz for the development of the differential and integral calculus.
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Nicholas of Lynn Nicholas of Lynn or Lynne, also known in Latin as Nicolas de Linna, was an English astronomer of the 14th century.
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John Finlayson (disciple) John Finlayson or Finleyson (1770–1854) was a disciple of Richard Brothers. Finlayson was born in Scotland in 1770. His descendants make him the second son of Colonel John Hamilton M'Finlay, who married, about 1765, Lady Elizabeth Mary Alexander, eldest sister of the last Earl of Stirling. He was originally a writer at Cupar, Fife, and removed thence to Edinburgh. His relations with Brothers, which began in 1797, are detailed in the article on that enthusiast. He printed at Edinburgh a couple of pamphlets before repairing to London. In London he was 'in considerable practice as a house agent.' Brothers led him to change the spelling of his name, by telling him his ancestors had some 'fine leys' of land granted them for deeds of valour. Brothers, who died (1824) in Finlayson's house at Marylebone, made it his dying charge to his friend that he should write against a rival genius, Bartholomew Prescot of Liverpool. This Finlayson did, describing Prescot's 'System of the Universe,' very correctly, as a 'misapprehended mistaken elaborate performance, or book.'
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John Harrison John Harrison (3 April [O.S. 24 March] 1693 – 24 March 1776) was a self-educated English carpenter and clockmaker who invented a marine chronometer, a long-sought-after device for solving the problem of calculating longitude while at sea. His solution revolutionized navigation and greatly increased the safety of long-distance sea travel. The problem he solved was considered so important following the Scilly naval disaster of 1707 that the British Parliament offered financial rewards of up to £20,000 (equivalent to £ today) under the 1714 Longitude Act. Harrison came 39th in the BBC's 2002 public poll of the 100 Greatest Britons.
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John Hadley John Hadley (16 April 1682 – 14 February 1744) was an English mathematician, and laid claim to the invention of the octant, two years after Thomas Godfrey claimed the same.
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Olinthus Gregory Olinthus Gilbert Gregory (29 January 1774 – 2 February 1841) was an English mathematician, author and editor.
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Archytas Archytas ( ; Greek: Ἀρχύτας ; 428–347 BC) was an Ancient Greek philosopher, mathematician, astronomer, statesman, and strategist. He was a scientist of the Pythagorean school and famous for being the reputed founder of mathematical mechanics, as well as a good friend of Plato.