Who founded the knighthood order that Laura Boldrini belongs to?
8844d5e0a67fa46b52739757cbc91126
Laura Boldrini Laura Boldrini, {'1': ", '2': ", '3': 'OMRI', '4': "} (] ; born 28 April 1961) is an Italian journalist and politician who has been President of the Chamber of Deputies of Italy since 16 March 2013. Previously she was a spokesperson for the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR).
05fbaa7bad8ac2c321a1d3b7f2be538f
Order of Merit of the Italian Republic The Order of Merit of the Italian Republic (Italian: "Ordine al merito della Repubblica Italiana" ) was founded as the senior order of knighthood by the second President of the Italian Republic, Luigi Einaudi in 1951. The highest ranking honour of the Republic, it is awarded for "merit acquired by the nation" in the fields of literature, the arts, economy, public service, and social, philanthropic and humanitarian activities and for long and conspicuous service in civilian and military careers. The post-nominal letters for the order are OMRI. The order effectively replaced as national orders the Civil Order of Savoy (1831), the Order of the Crown of Italy (1868), the Order of Saints Maurice and Lazarus (1572) and the Supreme Order of the Most Holy Annunciation (1362).
bdf47dde10a6cc9945d20ce8dafabe19
Opus Dei Opus Dei, formally known as The Prelature of the Holy Cross and Opus Dei (Latin: "Praelatura Sanctae Crucis et Operis Dei" ), is an institution of the Roman Catholic Church that teaches that everyone is called to holiness and that ordinary life is a path to sanctity. The majority of its membership are lay people, with secular priests under the governance of a prelate elected by specific members and appointed by the Pope. "Opus Dei" is Latin for "Work of God"; hence the organization is often referred to by members and supporters as "the Work".
49137deddf8fac771c527742ae9aa38a
National Order of Merit (France) The National Order of Merit (French: "Ordre national du Mérite" ) is a French order of merit with membership awarded by the President of the French Republic, founded on 3 December 1963 by President Charles de Gaulle. The reason for the order's establishment was twofold: to replace the large number of ministerial orders previously awarded by the ministries; and to create an award that can be awarded at a lower level than the Legion of Honour, which is generally reserved for French citizens. It comprises about 187,000 members worldwide.
579bc1a473b0dcc8846c0501179cce09
Uberto Mori Uberto Mori (28 January 1926 – 6 September 1989) was an Italian layman who served as a lecturer in Bologna and was also an entrepreneur. Mori was also a member of the Third Order of Saint Francis and was known for his simple lifestyle, the purity in which he lived it, and his veneration of Mary.
f4f4f90508ee9d22624e4db6066fb49f
Cabrini University Cabrini University is a coeducational Roman Catholic residential liberal arts university in the Philadelphia metropolitan area of Radnor Township, Pennsylvania within the Archdiocese of Philadelphia. The college was founded by the Missionary Sisters of the Sacred Heart of Jesus in 1957. It was one of the first universities in the United States to make community service a graduation requirement for all undergraduates and now has a core curriculum centered on social justice which includes their signature classes, Engagements in the Common Good or ECG.
17dc32f2bb0f52d860c26504e309ced7
Order of Saint Ferdinand and of Merit The Illustrious Royal Order of Saint Ferdinand and Merit is an order of knighthood of the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies.
07a4de4fcec65040103fbf6d57b31efc
Order of San Carlos The Order of San Carlos is a state order granted by Colombia. The order was founded 16 August 1954 to honor Colombian citizens and foreign civilians and military officers who have made outstanding contributions to the nation of Colombia, especially in the field of international relations.
52c4ee253954ac91f1e9802ea75e9a40
Order of the Elephant The Order of the Elephant (Danish: "Elefantordenen" ) is a Danish order of chivalry and is Denmark's highest-ranked honour. It has origins in the 15th century, but has officially existed since 1693, and since the establishment of constitutional monarchy in 1849, is now almost exclusively used to honour royalty and heads of state.
800d281a607307edccb6ccbd50e525af
Carthusians The Carthusian Order (Latin: "Ordo Cartusiensis" ), also called the Order of Saint Bruno, is a Catholic religious order of enclosed monastics. The order was founded by Bruno of Cologne in 1084 and includes both monks and nuns. The order has its own Rule, called the "Statutes", rather than the Rule of Saint Benedict, and combines eremitical and cenobitic monasticism.
c2ea5c9286e54b7a13622b186b8e4fd9
Order of Woodcraft Chivalry The Order of Woodcraft Chivalry is a Scouting-like movement operating in the United Kingdom, which was founded in 1916 by Ernest Westlake. It was inspired by Ernest Thompson Seton's Woodcraft Indians, and Seton was its honorary Grand Chieftain. Whilst largely being contemporary to Baden-Powell's Scouting movement, it differed from it in that it does not have the perceived military overtones of Scouting, instead focusing on the virtues of kindness, fellowship and woodcraft. The Order was small compared to Scouts, having only 1,200 members by 1926. By the 1950s it had ceased to have a major public presence. It still exists (2016) as a semi-formal network of personal friends with historic family links to the original formal organisation, with little interest in publicity and few surviving overt connections with the Woodcraft Folk or the Forest School Camps.
8a02d4656b8b5261d373b9f406946552
Colonial orders of knighthood Colonial orders were orders of knighthood awarded by European imperial states in Africa and Asia for those who conquered and administered their territories. They were sometimes adopted by post-colonial successor states, or remained one of the former imperial power's orders of knighthood. The orders of the states of the Commonwealth are not colonial orders, and owe their existence to their nations' personal union with the United Kingdom or to their own governments or parliaments.
75cef00f257cf03efcdf6236889a70c0
Supreme Knight of the Knights of Columbus The Supreme Knight of the Knights of Columbus (more simply referred to as the Supreme Knight) is the chief executive officer and chairman of the board of the Knights of Columbus, the world's largest Catholic family fraternal service organization. He leads more than 1.8 million members in more than 14,000 councils and oversees over $77B of life insurance in force, as of 2013 .
183fc0fd8aeb6165a0f2bd4ff1403208
Knight Bachelor The dignity of Knight Bachelor is the most basic and lowest rank of a man who has been knighted by the monarch but not as a member of one of the organised orders of chivalry; it is currently a part of the British honours system. Knights Bachelor are the most ancient sort of British knight (the rank existed during the 13th century reign of King Henry III), but Knights Bachelor rank below knights of chivalric orders.
8cad0472c3a724eefac0a3b8a420c118
Order of Leopold (Belgium) The Order of Leopold ("Leopoldsorde" in Dutch, "Ordre de Léopold" in French) is one of the three current Belgian national honorary orders of knighthood. It is the highest order of Belgium and is named in honour of King Leopold I. It consists of a military, a maritime and a civilian division. The maritime division is only awarded to personnel of the merchant navy, and the military division to military personnel. The decoration was established on 11 July 1832 and is awarded for extreme bravery in combat or for meritorious service of immense benefit to the Belgian nation. The Order of Leopold is awarded by Royal order.
d2c67371ead6b404fa998e1cddfc857c
Order of Hubert The" 'Order of the Greyhound"' was founded in 1416 in the Duchy of Bar. One also called this chivalric order, the ""Order of the Faithfulness""
12917cbaa8fa1b137c7610deaf4f14e1
Order of Saints Maurice and Lazarus The Order of Saints Maurice and Lazarus (Italian: "Ordine dei Santi Maurizio e Lazzaro" ) is a Roman Catholic dynastic order of knighthood bestowed by the House of Savoy, founded in 1572 by Emmanuel Philibert, Duke of Savoy, through amalgamation approved by Pope Gregory XIII of the Order of Saint Maurice, founded in 1434, with the medieval Order of Saint Lazarus, founded circa 1119, considered its sole legitimate successor. Its headquarters are situated at the Lierna Castle in Lombardy, Italy. Its current Grand Master is Vittorio Emanuele, Prince of Naples, since 1983, albeit contested by his cousin and throne rival Prince Amedeo, Duke of Aosta.
9a40156a1ae7d91ec125b0ce23137bfa
Dominican Order The Order of Preachers (Latin: "Ordo Praedicatorum" , postnominal abbreviation O.P.), also known as the Dominican Order, is a mendicant Catholic religious order founded by the Spanish priest Dominic of Caleruega in France, approved by Pope Honorius III via the Papal bull "Religiosam vitam" on 22 December 1216. Members of the order, who are referred to as "Dominicans", generally carry the letters O.P. after their names, standing for "Ordinis Praedicatorum", meaning "of the Order of Preachers". Membership in the order includes friars, nuns, active sisters, and affiliated lay or secular Dominicans (formerly known as tertiaries, though recently there has been a growing number of associates who are unrelated to the tertiaries).
e7ee1976ff3a4882bdb6830e20d14891
British Druid Order The British Druid Order (BDO) is an international druid order, founded in 1979 as a religious and educational organisation. Its constitution defines it as a not-for-profit unincorporated association. It is commonly regarded as being one of the first, if not the first, explicitly neo-pagan Druid Orders. The order draws on medieval Welsh texts such as the Mabinogion and other early British/Celtic texts for inspiration and to re-connect with the pre-Christian, indigenous religious and spiritual practices of Britain which it believes to be shamanic in nature.
34b8d8edf3c20f11c09cf504b8af64e4
Ancient Order of Druids The Ancient Order of Druids (AOD) is a fraternal organisation founded in London, England in 1781 that still operates to this day. It is the earliest known English group to be founded based upon the iconography of the ancient druids, who were priest-like figures in Iron Age Celtic paganism. As such, the Order was an early influence upon the development of the Neo-druidic movement, however it differs from most contemporary Neo-druidic groups in that it does not hold to a Neopagan religion, and is "not a religious organisation – in fact any discussion on religion or politics is forbidden within the lodge rooms". Instead its members are expected "to preserve and practise the main principles attributed to the early Druids, particularly those of justice, benevolence and friendship."
991a82ed676b960b52d248351386b4f1
Supreme Order of Christ The Supreme Order of Christ (Italian: "Ordine Supremo del Cristo" ) is the highest order of chivalry awarded by the Pope. According to some scholars owes its origin to the same Order of Christ of the Knights Templar, from which came the Order of Christ that was awarded by the Kings of Portugal and the Emperors of Brazil. The Portuguese order had originally both a secular and religious component; by the 18th century, the religious component had died out.
2de7f8730a6dde37a9f1812994ec38c3
Female order of the Band The Female order of the Band is an female honorific order founded in 1387, bestowed upon the women of Palencia, in Castile and León (Crown of Castile, current Spain). It was founded by John I of Castile in 1387 in order to honor the memory of the knight women who helped the defense of Palencia in the siege that was submitted by English troops, such courage contributed greatly to reject with significant loss to the besiegers. He gave the Palencian noble knight women the privilege of carrying the golden bend "such as bringing the knights of the Order of the Band" created by Alfonso XI in 1332.