The person to whom the Augsburg Confession was presented was born on what date?
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Symphony No. 5 (Mendelssohn) The Symphony No. 5 in D major/D minor, Op. 107, known as the Reformation, was composed by Felix Mendelssohn in 1830 in honor of the 300th anniversary of the Presentation of the Augsburg Confession. The Confession is a key document of Lutheranism and its Presentation to Emperor Charles V in June 1530 was a momentous event of the Protestant Reformation. This symphony was written for a full orchestra and was Mendelssohn's second extended symphony. It was not published until 1868, 21 years after the composer's death – hence its numbering as '5'. Although the symphony is not very frequently performed, it is better known today than when it was originally published.
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Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor Charles V (Spanish: "Carlos" ; German: "Karl" ; Dutch: "Karel"; Italian: "Carlo" ) (24 February 1500 – 21 September 1558) was ruler of both the Spanish Empire from 1516 and the Holy Roman Empire from 1519, as well as of the lands of the former Duchy of Burgundy from 1506. He voluntarily stepped down from these and other positions by a series of abdications between 1554 and 1556. Through inheritance, he brought together under his rule extensive territories in western, central, and southern Europe, and the Spanish colonies in the Americas and Asia. As a result, his domains spanned nearly four million square kilometers and were the first to be described as "the empire on which the sun never sets".
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Martin Luther (diplomat) Martin Franz Julius Luther (] ; 16 December 1895 – 13 May 1945) was an early member of the Nazi Party. He served as an advisor to Foreign Minister Joachim von Ribbentrop, first in the "Dienststelle Ribbentrop" ("Ribbentrop Bureau"), and later in the "Auswärtiges Amt" ("Foreign Office") as a diplomat when von Ribbentrop replaced Konstantin von Neurath. He participated in the Wannsee Conference, at which the Final Solution was planned; it was the 1947 discovery of his copy of the minutes that first made the Allied powers aware that the conference had taken place and what its purpose was.
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Beda Mayr Beda Mayr was a Bavarian Benedictine philosopher, apologist, and poet (born 15 January 1742 at Daiting near Augsburg; died 28 April 1794, in the monastery of Heiligenkreuz in Donauworth.
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Leo Jud Leo Jud (also Leo Juda, Leo Judä, Leo Judas, Leonis Judae, Ionnes Iuda, Leo Keller) (1482 – 19 June 1542), known to his contemporaries as Meister Leu, Swiss reformer, was born in 1482 in Guémar, Alsace, southwest of Strasbourg. Like his later colleague Heinrich Bullinger, Jud was the son of a priest. His father, Johannes Jud, was from Guémar and his mother, Elsa Hochsang, was from Solothurn. He studied at the Latin school in Sélestat with Martin Bucer and in 1499 he matriculated at the University of Basel, where he met Huldrych Zwingli. He began his studies in medicine but switched to theology under the influence of Thomas Wyttenbach. Leo Jud is one of the lesser-known leaders of the Swiss Reformed Church, but his influence was extensive.
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Caspar Schwenckfeld Caspar (or Kaspar) Schwen(c)kfeld von Ossig (   ) (1489 or 1490 – 10 December 1561) was a German theologian, writer, and preacher who became a Protestant Reformer and spiritualist, one of the earliest promoters of the Protestant Reformation in Silesia.
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Walter Mixa Walter Johannes Mixa (born 25 April 1941) is a German Catholic priest, and Bishop Emeritus of Augsburg and Ordinary Emeritus of the Bundeswehr. He resigned as Bishop of Augsburg in 2010 due to allegations of fraud and violence towards children who had been in his care, as well as the sexual abuse of priests.
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Magdeburg Confession The Magdeburg Confession (officially, the "Confession, Instruction, and Admonition of the pastors and preachers of the Christian congregations of Magdeburg") was a Lutheran statement of faith. It was written by nine pastors of the city of Magdeburg in 1550 in response to the Augsburg Interim and the imposition of Roman Catholicism. The Confession explains why the leaders of the city refused to obey the imperial law, and were prepared to resist its implementation with force if necessary. The Magdeburg Confession calls for resistance to political tyranny, and argues that the "subordinate powers" in a state, faced with the situation where the "supreme power" is working to destroy true religion, may go further than non-cooperation with the supreme power and assist the faithful to resist.
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Wilhelm Mader Wilhelm Mader, O. Praem. (died 1450) was a Roman Catholic prelate who served as Auxiliary Bishop of Augsburg (1447–1450).
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Johann Wolff Johann Wolf Joannes Wolfius (10 August 1537 in Bergzabern – 23 May 1600 in Mundelsheim) was a German jurist who corresponded with Lelio Sozzini on the sacrament 1555. He also was a diplomat, translator, historian and theologian.
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Peace of Augsburg The Peace of Augsburg, also called the Augsburg Settlement, was a treaty between Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor (the predecessor of Ferdinand I) and the Schmalkaldic League, signed on September 1555 at the imperial city of Augsburg. It officially ended the religious struggle between the two groups and made the legal division of Christendom permanent within the Holy Roman Empire, allowing rulers to choose either Lutheranism or Roman Catholicism as the official confession of their state. Calvinism was not allowed until the Peace of Westphalia.
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Beda Weber Johann Chrysanth "Beda" Weber (26 October 1798 – 28 February 1859) was a German Benedictine professor, author, and member of the Frankfurt Parliament.
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Johann Sebastian Bach Johann Sebastian Bach (31 March [O.S. 21 March] 1685 28 July 1750) was a German composer and musician of the Baroque period. He is known for instrumental compositions such as the "Brandenburg Concertos" and the "Goldberg Variations", and vocal music such as the "St Matthew Passion" and the Mass in B minor. Since the 19th-century Bach Revival he has been generally regarded as one of the greatest composers of all time.
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Johann Georg Fischer (painter) Johann Georg Fischer, an historical painter, was born at Augsburg in 1580. He travelled in Italy, but became an imitator of Albrecht Dürer. He died at Munich in 1643. The following are by him:
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Konrad Zdarsa Konrad Zdarsa (June 7, 1944 in Hainichen) is a prelate of the Roman Catholic Church. He served as bishop of Görlitz from 2007 till 2010, when he became bishop of Augsburg.
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Andreas Musculus Andreas Musculus (also Andreas Meusel; 29 November 1514 – 29 September 1581) was a German Lutheran theologian. The name Musculus is a Latinized form of Meusel.
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Francis Lambert Francis Lambert (c. 1486 – April 8, 1530) was a Protestant reformer, the son of a papal official at Avignon, where he was born between 1485 and 1487.
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Philipp of Bavaria Philipp Wilhelm of Bavaria (22 September 1576, Munich - 18 May 1598, Dachau) was a German cardinal.
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Charles Porterfield Krauth Charles Porterfield Krauth (March 17, 1823 – January 2, 1883) was a pastor, theologian and educator in the Lutheran branch of Christianity. He is a leading figure in the revival of the Lutheran Confessions connected to Neo-Lutheranism in the United States.
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Diet of Augsburg The Diet of Augsburg were the meetings of the Imperial Diet of the Holy Roman Empire held in the German city of Augsburg. Both an Imperial City and the residence of the Augsburg prince-bishops, the town had hosted the Estates in many such sessions since the 10th century. In the 16th century, twelve of thirty-five imperial diets were held in Augsburg, a result of the close financial relationship between the Augsburg-based banking families such as the Fugger and the reigning Habsburg emperors, particularly Maximilian I and his grandson Charles V. Nevertheless, the meetings of 1530, 1547/48 and 1555, during the Reformation and the ensuing religious war between the Catholic emperor and the Protestant Schmalkaldic League, are especially noteworthy.
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Johannes Wolf Johannes Wolf (c.1521–1572) was a Swiss Reformed theologian .
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Johann Arndt Johann Arndt (or Arnd; 27 December 1555 – 11 May 1621) was a German Lutheran theologian who wrote several influential books of devotional Christianity. Although reflective of the period of Lutheran Orthodoxy, he is seen as a forerunner of pietism, a movement within Lutheranism that gained strength in the late 17th century.