In what century was the the style of voices popular that the Liebeslieder Walzer, Op. 52 was in?
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Liebeslieder Walzer, Op. 52 (Brahms) Johannes Brahms' Liebeslieder Waltzes ("Liebeslieder-Walzer") are distributed across two opus numbers: Op. 52 and Op. 65. The waltzes are a collection of love songs in Ländler style for voices and piano four hands. The lyrics for the "Liebeslieder" come from Georg Friedrich Daumer's "Polydora", a collection of folk songs and love poems. While there is no concrete record indicating the exact inspiration for the Waltzes, there is speculation that Brahms' motivation for the songs was his frustrated love for pianist Clara Schumann, composer Robert Schumann's wife.
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Ländler The Ländler (] ) is a folk dance in  time which was popular in Austria, south Germany, German Switzerland, and Slovenia at the end of the 18th century.
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Sängerfest Sängerfest, also Sängerbund-Fest, Sängerfeste, or Saengerfest, meaning singer festival, is a competition of Sängerbunds, or singer groups, with prizes for the best group or groups. Such public events are also known as a Liederfest, or song festival. Participants number in the hundreds and thousands, and the fest is usually accompanied by a parade and other celebratory events. The sängerfest is most associated with the Germanic culture. Its origins can be traced back to 19th century Europe. Swiss composer Hans Georg Nägeli and educator Carl August Zeller, both protégés of Swiss educator Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi, established sängerbunds to help foster social change throughout Germany and Prussia. University students began to choose the art form as an avenue for political statements. As the sängerfest concept gained popularity and spread around the world, it was adapted by Christian churches for spiritual worship services.
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Leo Blech Leo Blech (21 April 1871 – 25 August 1958) was a German opera composer and conductor who is perhaps most famous for his work at the Königliches Opernhaus (later the Berlin State Opera / Staatsoper Unter den Linden) from 1906 to 1937, and later as the conductor of Berlin's Städtische Oper from 1949 to 1953. Blech was known for his reliable, clear, and elegant performances, especially of works by Wagner, Verdi, and Bizet's "Carmen" (which he conducted over 600 times), and for his sensitivity as an accompanist.
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Tonkunst Tonkunst, literally "The Art of Tone", is an obsolete term in the German language applied for art music of the 19th century, and often used in music history and musical aesthetic representations. It probably originated from the need to give the music a place among the classical arts like architecture, sculpture, painting, prose and poetry, and also recognize the composer or musician as a creative individual. The term is found for example in the inscriptions of the Walhalla memorial built in 1842, where a good example is Joseph Haydn, titled as "Doctor der Tonkunst" ("Doctor of Tone-Art"), and Ludwig van Beethoven as "Tondichter" ("Tone-poet"). Today the term is rarely used, but lives on, for example, in the name of the Tonkünstler Orchestra.
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Liebeslieder Walzer (ballet) Liebeslieder Walzer is a ballet by New York City Ballet co-founder and ballet master George Balanchine, based on the Brahms' "Liebeslieder Walzer", Op. 52, and their sequel "Neue Liebeslieder", Op. 65.
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Angst der Hellen und Friede der Seelen Angst der Hellen und Friede der Seelen ("Fear of Hell and Peace of the Soul") is a collection of sixteen settings of Psalm 116 in German, "Das ist mir lieb" ( ), commissioned by the Jena merchant Burckhard Grossmann in 1616 and eventually published in 1623. The composers are Heinrich Schütz, then in alphabetical order Michael Altenburg, Christoph Demantius, Nicolaus Erich, Andreas Finold, Melchior Franck, Abraham Gensreff, Johannes Groh, Johann Krause, Christian Michael, Daniel Michael, Rogier Michael, Tobias Michael, Michael Praetorius, Johann Hermann Schein and Caspar Trost. The settings range in complexity from that of Schütz, for 7 voices, down to settings for 3 or 2 voices. The setting of Schütz (SWV51) has been recorded several times, the whole collection was recorded by the Alsfelder Vocal Ensemble and Musica Fiata Köln under Wolfgang Helbich in August 1994.
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Helmut Kretschmar Helmut Kretschmar (born 3 February 1928) is a German classical tenor who spent most of his career performing in concerts and recitals with major orchestras and at important music festivals internationally. Although he focused his career mainly within the concert repertoire, Kretschmar did appear two times on the opera stage, notably singing in the world premiere of Arnold Schoenberg's "Moses und Aron" in 1954. Possessing a rich and warm lyric tenor voice, Kretschmar excelled in the concert repertoire of Johann Sebastian Bach, George Frideric Handel, Joseph Haydn, and Felix Mendelssohn. Also an admired interpreter of Lieder, Kretschmar performed and recorded a number of works by Franz Schubert, Robert Schumann, and Hugo Wolf.
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Hugues Cuénod Hugues-Adhémar Cuénod (] ; 26 June 19026 December 2010) was a Swiss tenor known for his performances in international opera, operetta, both traditional and musical theatre, and on the concert stage, where he was particularly known for his clear, light, romantic and expressive poised interpretation of "mélodie" (French art song). His repertoire encompassed everything from the medieval chansons of Guillaume de Machaut to the avant garde works of Igor Stravinsky, as well as recordings of lute songs. Cuénod contributed to the revival of baroque music, performing compositions by Francesco Cavalli and others. A distinguished singer of Johann Sebastian Bach's music, he was particularly praised for his interpretation of the Evangelist in Bach's "St Matthew Passion". He had the longest career of any recorded vocalist or performer in history: he gave his first concert in Paris in 1928, aged 26, and his last in 1994, when he was 92. He was as fluent in English, German and Italian as he was in his native French.
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Vienna Walzer Orchestra The Vienna Walzer Orchestra (German: Wiener Walzer Orchester) is a chamber orchestra based in Vienna, Austria that specializes in traditional Viennese waltzes, polkas, marches and operetta arias from composers such as: J. Strauss II, F. Lehár, C.M. Ziehrer, among others. Their concerts also always include performances by ballet dancers and opera singers.
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Viennese Waltz Viennese Waltz (German: "Wiener Walzer" ) is the genre of a ballroom dance. At least three different meanings are recognized. In the historically first sense, the name may refer to several versions of the waltz, including the earliest waltzes done in ballroom dancing, danced to the music of Viennese Waltz.
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Leck mich im Arsch "Leck mich im Arsch " (literally "Lick me in the arse") is a canon in B-flat major composed by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, K. 231 (K. 382c), with lyrics in German. It was one of a set of at least six canons probably written in Vienna in 1782. Sung by six voices as a three-part round, it is thought to be a party piece for his friends.
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Alfred Deller Alfred George Deller, CBE (31 May 1912 – 16 July 1979), was an English singer and one of the main figures in popularising the return of the countertenor voice in Renaissance and Baroque music during the 20th century.
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Wachet auf, ruft uns die Stimme, BWV 140 Wachet auf, ruft uns die Stimme (Awake, calls the voice to us), BWV 140 , also known as "Sleepers Wake", is a church cantata by Johann Sebastian Bach, regarded as one of his most mature and popular sacred cantatas. He composed the chorale cantata in Leipzig for the 27th Sunday after Trinity and first performed it on 25 November 1731.
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Piano ballad In 19th century romantic music, a piano ballad is a piece for solo piano written in a balletic narrative style, often with lyrical elements interspersed. This type of work made its first appearance with Chopin's Ballade No. 1 in G minor, op. 23 of 1836, closely followed by the ballad included in Clara Schumann's "Soirées musicales" Op.6 published in the same year.
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Karl Amadeus Hartmann Karl Amadeus Hartmann (2 August 1905 – 5 December 1963) was a German composer. Some have lauded him as the greatest German symphonist of the 20th century, although he is now largely overlooked, particularly in English-speaking countries.
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The Glow-Worm "Das Glühwürmchen", known in English as "The Glow-Worm", is a song from Paul Lincke's 1902 operetta "Lysistrata", with German lyrics by Heinz Bolten-Backers. In the operetta, it is performed as a trio with three female solo voices singing alternately and the women's chorus joining in the refrain. Rhythmically, it is in the form of a gavotte. The song, with its familiar chorus, was translated into English and became an American popular song.
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Vocal harmony Vocal harmony is a style of vocal music in which a consonant note or notes are simultaneously sung as a main melody in a predominantly homophonic texture. Vocal harmonies are used in many subgenres of European art music, including Classical choral music and opera and in the popular styles from many Western cultures ranging from folk songs and musical theater pieces to rock ballads. In the simplest style of vocal harmony, the main vocal melody is supported by a single backup vocal line, either at a pitch which is above or below the main vocal line, often in thirds or sixths which fit in with the chord progression used in the song. In more complex vocal harmony arrangements, different backup singers may sing two or even three other notes at the same time as each of the main melody notes, mostly with consonant, pleasing-sounding thirds, sixths, and fifths (although dissonant notes may be used as short passing notes).
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Albert Reiss Albert Reiss (22 February 1870 – 19 June 1940) was a German operatic tenor who had a prolific career in Europe and the United States during the first third of the twentieth century. He spent much of his career performing at the Metropolitan Opera where he sang in more than 1,000 performances, including several premieres, between 1901–1919. Excelling in the tenor buffo repertoire, Reiss was particularly associated with the roles of David in Wagner's "Die Meistersinger von Nürnberg" and Mime in Wagner's "Der Ring des Nibelungen", two roles he sang in numerous houses internationally.
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Sophie Diez Sophie Diez or Dietz ("née" Hartmann) (1 September 1820 – 3 May 1887) was a German soprano who sang leading roles with the Munich Hofoper (now known as the Bavarian State Opera) in a career spanning 40 years. She is most remembered today for having created the role of Magdalena in Wagner's "Die Meistersinger von Nürnberg", but she also sang in the world premieres of several other operas by lesser-known German composers.
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Die Schweizer Familie Die Schweizer Familie ("The Swiss Family") is an opera by the Austrian composer Joseph Weigl. It takes the form of a "Singspiel" in three acts. The libretto, by Ignaz Franz Castelli, is based on the vaudeville "Pauvre Jacques" (1807) by Charles-Augustin de Basson-Pierre and René de Chazet. The opera was first performed at the Theater am Kärntnertor in Vienna on 14 March 1809 and was a great success in German-speaking countries in the early 19th century.
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Ballade (classical music) A ballade (from French "", ] , and German "Ballade", ] , both being words for "ballad"), in classical music since the late 18th century, refers to a setting of a literary ballad, a narrative poem, in the musical tradition of the "Lied ", or to a one-movement instrumental piece with lyrical and dramatic narrative qualities reminiscent of such a song setting, especially a piano ballad.