In what year did Sigismund Casimir's mother die?
8ce21279168f58cf8b5b140c0d017514
Sigismund Casimir Sigismund Casimir, Crown Prince of Poland (Polish: "Zygmunt Kazimierz Waza" ), (1 April 1640 – 9 August 1647) - was the only legitimate son of King Władysław IV and his first wife Queen Cecilia Renata. He was named after his grandfather Sigismund III, and uncle John Casimir.
42785496fbae4fffe4375610f27e5ded
Cecilia Renata of Austria Archduchess Cecilia Renata of Austria (German: "Cäcilia Renata"; Polish: "Cecylia Renata"; 16 July 1611 – 24 March 1644) was Queen of Poland as consort to the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth's King Władysław IV Vasa.
6b9b6a0c8bb47013f410a226fb5a74cf
Casimir II of Belz Casimir II of Belz (pl: "Kazimierz II bełski"; 1401/03 - 15 September 1442), was a Polish prince member of the House of Piast from the Masovian branch. He was a Duke of Płock, Rawa Mazowiecka, Gostynin, Sochaczew, Belz, Płońsk, Zawkrze and Wizna during 1426-1434 jointly with his brothers, and after the division of the paternal inheritance between him and his brothers in 1434, sole ruler over Belz.
5b039e9c86f8914d5f3bd6191ce91476
Teofila Zofia Sobieska Teofila Zofia Sobieska, née Daniłowicz (Polish: "Daniłowiczówna") (1607 – 27 November 1661) was a Polish noblewoman ("szlachcianka"), mother of Jan III Sobieski, King of Poland.
5c226883d9b5fdc7cee8c29d42121618
Hedwig of Sagan Hedwig of Sagan (Polish: "Jadwiga żagańska" ; before 1350 – 27 March 1390) was Queen of Poland as the fourth wife of Casimir III. Casimir's lack of male heir spelled the end of the Piast Dynasty in the Kingdom of Poland. After Casimir's death in 1370, she remarried Rupert I of Legnica.
affdb059f6e4631ff0c13cc43dd07071
Sigismund Sigismund (variants: Sigmund, ) is a German proper name, meaning "protection through victory", from Old High German "sigu" "victory" + "munt" "hand, protection". Tacitus Latinises it "Segimundus". There appears to be an older form of the High German word "Sieg" (victory): "sigis", obviously Gothic and an inferred Germanic form, and there is a younger form: "sigi", which is Old Saxon or Old High German "sigu" (both from about 9th century). A 5th century Prince of Burgundy was known both as "Sigismund" and "Sigimund" (see Ernst Förstemann, "Altdeutsche Personennamen", 1906; Henning Kaufmann, "Altdeutsche Personennamen", Ergänzungsband,1968).
d4554262c9ef5704ff60ce3bb4a2eef6
Elżbieta Szydłowiecka Elżbieta Szydłowiecka (Lithuanian: "Elžbieta Šydloveckaitė" ) (b. 1533, d. 1562) was a Polish–Lithuanian noble lady and a devout Calvinist.
5bc4c983b75d8f7bcb59a5ec53806350
Vladislaus II of Hungary Vladislaus II, also known as Vladislav II, Władysław II or Wladislas II (1 March 1456 – 13 March 1516; ; Hungarian: "II. Ulászló" ; Polish: "Władysław II Jagiellończyk" ; Croatian: "Vladislav II. Jagelović" ; Slovak: "Vladislav II. Jagelovský" ), was King of Bohemia from 1471 to 1516, and King of Hungary and Croatia from 1490 to 1516. As the eldest son of Casimir IV Jagiellon, he was expected to inherit Poland and Lithuania. George of Poděbrady, the Hussite ruler of Bohemia, offered to make Vladislaus his heir in 1468. Poděbrady needed Casimir IV's support against the rebellious Catholic noblemen and their ally, Matthias Corvinus, king of Hungary. The Diet of Bohemia elected Vladislaus king after Poděbrady's death, but he could only rule Bohemia proper, because Matthias (whom the Catholic nobles had elected king) occupied Moravia, Silesia and Lusatia. Vladislaus tried to reconquer the three provinces with his father's assistance, but Matthias repelled them.
5d08cbc13aabe781ec39fdc818691aa3
Catherine I of Russia Catherine I (Russian: Екатери́на I Алексе́евна , "Yekaterina I Alekseyevna" , born Polish: "Marta Helena Skowrońska" , later known as Marta Samuilovna Skavronskaya; 15 April [O.S. 5 April] 1684 – 17 May [O.S. 6 May] 1727 ) was the second wife of Peter the Great and Empress of Russia from 1725 until her death.
6ca7018ed638f8dddcccdcc300d916b3
Countess Maria of Nassau (1556–1616) Countess Maria of Nassau (7 February 1556, Breda – 10 October 1616, Buren) was the second daughter of William the Silent by his first wife Anna of Egmond and Buren. She was named after William's first daughter, Maria, who had died in infancy.
8804fcf817efcb819a60049ed09e64c6
Michael Žygimantaitis Michael Žygimantaitis (Lithuanian: "Mykolas Žygimantaitis" , Polish: "Michał Bolesław Zygmuntowicz" ; before 1406 – shortly before February 10, 1452 in Moscow) was the last male descendant of Kęstutis, Grand Duke of Lithuania. He supported his father Sigismund Kęstutaitis in power struggles with Švitrigaila. In 1435 he led his father's army to victory in the Battle of Pabaiskas. After his father's assassination in 1440, Michael unsuccessfully fought against Casimir IV Jagiellon for the title of the Grand Duke of Lithuania. At first Michael was supported by Samogitia, but in 1441 Casimir issued a privilege confirming Samogitia's semi-autonomous status and thus avoiding a civil war. Until 1447 he was supported by Dukes of Masovia. In 1448 Michael asked help from the Crimean Khanate. With their help he attacked and shortly took control of Kiev, Starodub, Novhorod-Siversky. Soon he was captured and transported to the Grand Duchy of Moscow where he died under unclear circumstances (possibly poisoned). He was buried in Vilnius Cathedral.
b67d4880d889be2e7d7b4541eed10597
Margareta of Celje Margareta of Celje (German: "Margareta von Cilly" , Polish: "Małgorzata Cylejska" , Slovene: "Margareta Celjska" ) (1411 – 22 July 1480) was a noblewoman member of the Slovenian House of Celje and by marriage Duchess of both half Głogów and Ścinawa.
e62a629f73918a6f7cd27a55aeb74b09
Katarzyna Kostka Katarzyna Kostka (1576–1648) was a Polish–Lithuanian noble lady.
4b50a102f9429e6b389cc11fb61e8859
Teofilia Sieniawska Teofilia Sieniawska (1677–1754) was a Polish noble lady.
1dea47f90071f356b3f072ccf3d280e0
Anne of Austria, Queen of Poland Anne of Austria (16 August 1573 – 10 February 1598) was queen consort of Poland and Sweden by marriage to King Sigismund III Vasa.
c84c872f6e0a771d296460c4be44032f
Judith of Poland Judith of Poland (Polish: Judyta Bolesławówna , Hungarian: Judit lengyel hercegnő , German: Judith von Polen ; b. 1130/35 – died 8 July 1171/75), was a Polish princess member of the House of Piast and by marriage Margravine of Brandenburg.
089e38a10a1e69c4d64f1ee3b4ffdbbf
Maria Christina of Habsburg Maria Christierna of Austria (10 November 1574 – 6 April 1621), was a Princess of Transylvania by marriage to Sigismund Báthory, and for a period in 1598 elected sovereign Princess regnant of Transylvania.
dce91020ce806c744069f085951b7009
Casimir I of Warsaw Casimir I of Warsaw (pl: "Kazimierz I warszawski"; 1329/31 – 26 November/5 December 1355), was a Polish prince member of the House of Piast, Duke of Czersk during 1341-1349 jointly with his brother, since 1345 ruler over Rawa Mazowiecka jointly with his brother, since 1349 sole ruler over Warsaw, since 1351 sole ruler over Sochaczew, Polish vassal since 1351.
932acd09dbc2f2cdf09aca2da1d88229
Union of Krewo In a strict sense, the Union of Krewo or Act of Krėva (also Union of Krevo, Act of Kreva) was a set of prenuptial promises made in the Kreva Castle on 14 August 1385 by Jogaila, Grand Duke of Lithuania, in exchange for marriage to the underage reigning Queen Jadwiga of Poland. The act was very limited in scope and in the historiography the term "Union of Krewo" often refers not only to the particular document but to the events of 1385–1386 as a whole. After the negotiations in 1385, Jogaila converted to Christianity, married Jadwiga, and was crowned King of Poland in 1386. The union was a decisive moment in the histories of Poland and Lithuania; it marked a beginning of the four centuries of shared history between the two nations. By 1569 the Polish–Lithuanian union grew into a new state, the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, and lasted until the Third Partition in 1795.
5807127c1b1469c1bea4b1c9982490dd
Elizabeth Lackfi Elizabeth Lackfi (died December 27, 1428) was a Hungarian noble lady of the Lackfi family.
439714fc02503d304f017d9a035a5600
Treaty of Vilnius (1559) The Treaty of Vilnius or Vilna was concluded on 31 August 1559, during the Livonian War, between the Livonian Order and the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth at Vilnius (Vilna, Wilna, Wilno). Gotthard von Kettler put the lands of the order under protection of Polish king and Grand Duke of Lithuania, Sigismund II Augustus. The alliance was intended to neutralize the imminent threat of annexation of the order's lands by Russia, yet despite earning military support from Polish-Lithuanian chancellor Mikołaj "the Black" Radziwiłł, Kettler was unable to prevent the occupation of most of Livonia by Russian forces. Thus, Kettler concluded a second treaty with Poland-Lithuania on 28 November 1561, transferring the remnants of the Teutonic Order State to the Polish Crown and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, himself becoming a vassal of Sigismund II Augustus.
f57298bfb7e20f2a1942e90ca3c43b53
Anna Catherine Constance Vasa Anna Catherine Constance Vasa of Poland (Polish: "Anna Katarzyna Konstancja Waza" ; 7 August 1619 in Warsaw – 8 October 1651 in Cologne) was a Polish princess, daughter of King Sigismund III Vasa and his second wife Constance of Austria.