When the group who murdered Jaime Zapata form their own criminal organization?
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Jaime Zapata Jaime Jorge Zapata (May 7, 1978 – February 15, 2011) was an Immigration and Customs Enforcement, Homeland Security Investigations Special Agent who was ambushed and murdered by the Mexican criminal group Los Zetas in San Luis Potosí, Mexico. He was one of the two agents that were ambushed in a part of the country that is increasingly under the influence of drug violence. Zapata's death is the second highest-profile killing of a U.S. agent in Mexico—the first one was Enrique Camarena, an undercover DEA agent who was tortured and murdered by the former Guadalajara Cartel.
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Los Zetas Los Zetas (] , Spanish for "The Zs") is a Mexican criminal syndicate. Considered by the US government to be "the most technologically advanced, sophisticated, efficient, violent, ruthless, and dangerous cartel operating in Mexico", the organization has expanded beyond the traditional purview of drug trafficking and also runs profitable sex trafficking and gun running rackets. The origins of Los Zetas date back to the late 1990s when commandos of the Mexican Army deserted their ranks and began working as the enforcement arm of the Gulf Cartel. In February 2010, Los Zetas broke away from their former employer and formed their own criminal organization.
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Juan Pablo Ledezma Juan Pablo Ledezma (a.k.a. José Luis Fratello) is the current leader of the Mexican gang called La Línea, which is the armed wing of the drug trafficking organization known as the Juárez Cartel and is said to be the current leader of the organization.
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Fidel Castaño Fidel Antonio Castaño Gil a.k.a. Rambo was a right-wing Colombian drug lord and paramilitary who was among the founders of Los Pepes and the Peasant Self-Defense Forces of Cordoba and Uraba (ACCU), a paramilitary group which ultimately became a member of the larger United Self-Defense Forces of Colombia (AUC) from which he became its leader until his death in 1994. He was also the brother of Vicente Castaño, the presumed chief of the narco-paramilitary group "Águilas Negras", and Carlos Castaño Gil, founder and leader of the AUC paramilitary forces until his death. He is the grandfather of Gabriella Castaño.
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Tula massacre The Tula massacre was the title given to an incident near the municipality of Atotonilco de Tula in the Mexican state of Hidalgo, north of Mexico City, where 13 Colombian men were murdered. The incident resulted in a minor political scandal, though no one was ever convicted of the crime.
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Ismael Zambada García Ismael Zambada García (born 1 January 1948), also known as El Mayo Zambada, is a Mexican drug lord who serves as the leader of the Sinaloa Cartel. Before assuming leadership of the entire cartel, he served as the logistical coordinator for the Zambada-García faction of the Sinaloa Cartel which has assisted in the exporting of cocaine and heroin into Chicago and other U.S. cities by train, ship, jet and submarine.
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Adolfo Constanzo Adolfo de Jesús Constanzo (November 1, 1962 – May 6, 1989) was a Cuban-American serial killer, drug dealer, and cult leader of an infamous gang dubbed by the media as The Narcosatanists (Spanish: "Los Narcosatánicos"). His cult members nicknamed him The Godfather ("El Padrino"). He was reportedly responsible for the murder of Mark Kilroy, an American student killed in Matamoros in 1989, along with several other cult killings.
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Davao Death Squad The Davao Death Squad (DDS) is a vigilante group supposedly active in Davao City in the Philippines. The group is allegedly responsible for summary executions of individuals suspected of petty crimes and dealing in drugs in Davao. It has been estimated that the group is responsible for the killing or disappearance of between 1,020 and 1,040 people between 1998 and 2008. In as early as 2005, the US State Department has received reports of the Human Rights Commission's (HRC) investigation regarding the alleged connection of the Duterte political dynasty of Davao to the killings. This was followed by another investigation in 2009. The investigation was discontinued due to the stonewalling of the local government under Duterte and the lack of public outrage.
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18th Street gang 18th Street, also known as "Calle 18" , "Barrio 18" , "Mara 18" , or simply "La 18" in Central America, is a multi-ethnic (largely Central American and Mexican) transnational criminal organization that started as a street gang in Los Angeles. They are considered to be the largest transnational criminal gang in Los Angeles and it is estimated that there are tens of thousands of members in Los Angeles County alone. Their wide-ranging illegal activities and notoriety has come to the attention of the FBI and Immigration and Customs Enforcement. In the early 2000s, the government initiated raids against known and suspected gang members netting hundreds of arrests across the country.
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Carlos Mario Jiménez Carlos Mario Jiménez Naranjo aka "Macaco" or Javier Montañez (born February 26, 1966) is a Colombian former drug lord and paramilitary leader. Jimenez was a member of the United Self-Defense Forces of Colombia (AUC) paramilitary group which demobilized between 2005 and 2007. Jimenez ordered the assassination of numerous people in the region of the Santander and North Santander specially in the city of Barrancabermeja where his organization confronted and defeated the National Liberation Army (ELN) for the control of the territory. Jimenez was the commander in chief of the Central Bolívar Bloc of the AUC.
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Cowboy Mafia The Cowboy Mafia was the nickname for a group of marijuana smugglers who operated in the United States during the 1970s. At the time they were reportedly the largest drug smugglers in Texas. The nickname was given to the group by the Dallas media, as the capture and trial of the group created significant media coverage throughout Texas.
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Colombian parapolitics scandal The Colombian parapolitics scandal or "parapolítica" in Spanish (a combination of the words "paramilitar" and "política") refers to the 2006–present Colombian congressional scandal in which several congressmen and other politicians have been indicted for colluding with the United Self-Defense Forces of Colombia (AUC), a paramilitary group which is responsible for killing thousands of Colombian civilians.
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Knights Templar Cartel Knights Templar—Guard of Michoacán (Spanish: "Los Caballeros Templarios Guardia Michoacana") commonly known as the Knights Templar Cartel (Spanish: "Los Caballeros Templarios") is a Mexican criminal organization composed of remnants of the defunct La Familia Michoacana drug cartel based in the Mexican State of Michoacán.
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Guevarista Revolutionary Army The Guevarista Revolutionary Army (Ejército Revolucionario Guevarista, ERG) was a revolutionary, guerrilla group operating in Colombia. It formed in 1992 as an offshoot of the ELN.. It was named after and inspired by the Argentine Che Guevara.
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Wilter Neptalí Blanco Ruíz Wilter Neptalí Blanco Ruíz (alternatively Wilter Blanco-Ruiz) is the former head of the Atlantic Cartel, a Honduras-based drug trafficking organization.
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Muerte a Secuestradores Muerte a Secuestradores (English: "Death to Kidnappers") or MAS, was a Colombian paramilitary group supported by drug cartels, U.S. corporations, Colombian politicians, and wealthy landowners during the 1980s in order to protect their economic interests and fight kidnapping. Muerte a Secuestradores has assassinated political opponents and community organizers, and waged counterinsurgency warfare against guerrilla movements such as the FARC-EP and the M-19.
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Narcoterrorism Narcoterrorism is a term coined by former President Fernando Belaúnde Terry of Peru in 1983 when describing terrorist-type attacks against his nation's anti-narcotics police. In its original context, narcoterrorism is understood to mean the attempts of narcotics traffickers to influence the policies of a government or a society through violence and intimidation, and to hinder the enforcement of anti-drug laws by the systematic threat or use of such violence. Pablo Escobar's violence in his dealings with the Colombian government is probably one of the best known and best documented examples of narcoterrorism.
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Bamboo Union The United Bamboo Gang also known as UBG () is the largest of Taiwan's three main criminal Triads. They are reported to have roughly 10,000 members. The membership consists largely of "waishengren" (Mainland Chinese) and has had historic ties to the Kuomintang; they are said to be motivated as much by political ideology as by profit. They are known to simply call themselves "businessmen", but in reality, are also involved in organized killings, drug trafficking, and sex trafficking, among others. The gang gained global notoriety when it became directly involved in politics in the early 1980s. The union does not view themselves as criminals, but instead they view themselves as patriots.
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Jaime Garzón Jaime Hernando Garzón Forero (October 24, 1960 – August 13, 1999 in Bogotá) was a Colombian journalist, a comedian, lawyer, peace activist and political satirist. He was popular on Colombian television during the 1990s for his political satire. In addition to his work on television, he also had roles as a peace negotiator in the release of FARC guerrillas' hostages. He was allegedly murdered by suspected right-wing paramilitary forces in 1999, according to testimony that implicated the organization's commander. In further testimony, 16 years after the murder, a former paramilitary officer testified in court that the order to kill Garzón was allegedly a conspiracy between former Police Mayor Mauricio Santoyo, National Army General Harold Bedoya and former General Jorge Enrique Mora Rangel and that the murder was carried out by La Teraza, which is a wing of the Medellin drug cartel. The case remains open and unsolved.
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La Oficina de Envigado La Oficina de Envigado (English: The Office of Envigado ) is a drug cartel and criminal organization founded as an enforcement and collections arm of Pablo Escobar's Medellin Cartel. It operates throughout Colombia, but mainly in the cities of Medellín and Envigado. It also controls extortion, gambling, and money laundering businesses within the Valle de Aburra that surrounds Medellin. It positioned itself as the chief mediator and debt collector in drug trafficking disputes and maintained major connections with the "paracos" (Colombian paramilitaries) and guerillas.
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Philadelphia crime family The Philadelphia crime family, (pronounced ] ) also known as the Philadelphia Mafia, the Philly Mob/Mafia, the Bruno-Scarfo family, the South Philly Mob/Mafia, or the Philadelphia-South Jersey Mob/Mafia is an Italian American criminal organization based in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Formed and based in South Philadelphia, the family primarily operates in various areas and neighborhoods throughout the Philadelphia metropolitan area and Delaware Valley, Southeastern Pennsylvania, and New Jersey, especially South Jersey. The Philadelphia family is notorious for its violence, due in particular to its succession of violent bosses and multiple mob wars.
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Pedro Oliverio Guerrero Pedro Oliviero Guerrero Castillo (a.k.a. Cuchillo/The Knife) – December 24, 2010) was a Colombian drug lord and the former leader of the "Colombian Popular Revolutionary Antiterrorist Army" (Spanish: Ejército Revolucionario Popular Anti-terrorista de Colombia (ERPAC) ), a drug trafficking, right wing paramilitary organization. His nickname came from the favoured weapon he used on his victims.