What Portugese poet popularized the concept of the Fifth Empire?
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Fifth Empire The Fifth Empire (Portuguese: "Quinto Império") is a concept of a global Portuguese empire with spiritual and temporal power, based on an interpretation of Daniel 2 and the Book of Revelation, whose origins lay with António Vieira. The concept became well known after the publication of the book "Mensagem", by Fernando Pessoa.
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Fernando Pessoa Fernando António Nogueira Pessoa (] ; June 13, 1888 – November 30, 1935), commonly known as Fernando Pessoa, was a Portuguese poet, writer, literary critic, translator, publisher and philosopher, described as one of the most significant literary figures of the 20th century and one of the greatest poets in the Portuguese language. He also wrote in and translated from English and French.
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Felipe Pinglo Alva Felipe Pinglo Alva (July 18, 1899 - May 13, 1936), known as the father of Peruvian Musica criolla and nicknamed the "Immortal Bard" or ("Bardo Inmortal" in Spanish), was an influential and prolific poet and songwriter best known for his often covered "El Plebeyo" (The Commoner). In Peru and Latin America, Pinglo's name is most often associated with the Peruvian vals criollo, which is a uniquely Peruvian music, characterized by the 3/4 time, elaborate guitar work and lyrics about lost love or the Lima of yesteryear.
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Paulin Gagne Étienne-Paulin Gagne, known as Paulin Gagne (June 8, 1808 – August 1876) was a French poet, essayist, lawyer, politician, inventor, and eccentric whose best known poem, "The Woman-Messiah", is among the longest poems in French, or any language. The poem is 25,000 verses (60 acts and 12 songs) and is notable for its 24th act entitled "Bestiologie" which enumerates the advantages that a citizen of Paris would have by marrying the animals of the Jardin des Plantes. He is also notable for proposing "Anthropophagy" at a public meeting and offering himself as food to starving Algerians.
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Cobla esparsa A cobla esparsa (] literally meaning "scattered stanza") in Old Occitan is the name used for a single-stanza poem in troubadour poetry. They constitute about 15% of the troubadour output, and they are the dominant form among late (after 1220) authors like Bertran Carbonel and Guillem de l'Olivier. The term "cobla triada" is used by modern scholars to indicate a "cobla" taken from a longer poem and let stand on its own, but its original medieval meaning was a "cobla esparsa" taken from a larger collection of such poems, since "coblas esparsas" were usually presented in large groupings.
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Janus Pannonius Janus Pannonius (Latin: "Ioannes Pannonius" , Croatian: "Ivan Česmički" , Hungarian: "Csezmiczei János, or Kesencei" ; 29 August 1434 – 27 March 1472) was a Croat-Hungarian Latinist, poet, diplomat and Bishop of Pécs. He was the most significant poet of the Renaissance in the Kingdom of Hungary and one of the better-known figures of Humanist poetry in Europe.
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Francisco Balagtas Francisco Baltazar (born Francisco Balagtas y de la Cruz; April 2, 1788 – February 20, 1862), also known as Francisco Balagtas, was a prominent Filipino poet, and is widely considered one of the greatest Filipino literary laureates for his impact on Filipino literature. The famous epic, "Florante at Laura", is regarded as his defining work.
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Salvador Díaz Mirón Salvador Díaz Mirón (December 14, 1853 – June 12, 1928) was a Mexican poet. He was born in the port city of Veracruz. His early verse, written in a passionate, romantic style, was influenced by Lord Byron and Victor Hugo. His later verse was more classical in mode. His poem, "A Gloria", was influential. His 1901 volume "Lascas" ("Chips from a Stone") established Mirón as a precursor of modernismo. After a long period of exile, he returned to Mexico and died in Veracruz on June 12, 1928.
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Pey de Garros Pey de Garros (modern Gascon: "Pèir de Garròs"; 1530-1585), was the most important Occitan poet of the Renaissance. He was instrumental in the evolution of the Gascon dialect into a literary language.
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J. H. Leopold Jan Hendrik Leopold (May 11, 1865 – June 21, 1925) was a Dutch poet and classicist.
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Torquato Tasso Torquato Tasso (] ; 11 March 1544 – 25 April 1595) was an Italian poet of the 16th century, best known for his poem "Gerusalemme liberata" ("Jerusalem Delivered", 1581), in which he depicts a highly imaginative version of the combats between Christians and Muslims at the end of the First Crusade, during the Siege of Jerusalem. He suffered from mental illness and died a few days before he was due to be crowned as the king of poets by the Pope. Until the beginning of the 20th century, Tasso remained one of the most widely read poets in Europe.
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Antonio Porchia Antonio Porchia (November 13, 1885 – November 9, 1968) was an Argentinian poet. He was born in Conflenti, Italy, but, after the death of his father in 1900, moved to Argentina. He wrote a Spanish book entitled "Voces" ("Voices"), a book of aphorisms. It has since been translated into Italian and into English (by W.S. Merwin, Copper Canyon Press, 2003), French, and German. A very influential, yet extremely succinct writer, he has been a cult author for a number of renowned figures of contemporary literature and thought such as André Breton, Jorge Luis Borges, Roberto Juarroz and Henry Miller, amongst others. Some critics have paralleled his work to Japanese haiku and found many similarities with a number of Zen schools of thought.
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The Fifth Empire The Fifth Empire ("O Quinto Império - Ontem Como Hoje") is a 2004 Portuguese film directed by Manoel de Oliveira.
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Grands Rhétoriqueurs The Grands Rhétoriqueurs or simply the "Rhétoriqueurs" is the name given to a group of poets from 1460 to 1520 (or from the generation of François Villon (no "rhétoriqueur" himself) to Clément Marot) working in Northern France, Flanders, and the Duchy of Burgundy whose ostentatious poetic production was dominated by (1) an extremely rich rhyme scheme and experimentation with assonance and puns and (2) experimentation with typography and the graphic use of letters, including the creation of verbal rebuses. The group is also credited with promoting alternation between "masculine" rhymes (lines ending in a sound other than a mute "e") and "feminine" rhymes (lines ending in a mute "e").
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The Death of Virgil The Death of Virgil (German: Der Tod des Vergil ) is a 1945 novel by the Austrian author Hermann Broch. The narrative reenacts the last hours of life of the Roman poet Virgil, in the port of Brundisium (Brindisi), whence he had accompanied the emperor Augustus, his decision – frustrated by the emperor – to burn his "Aeneid", and his final reconciliation with his destiny. Virgil's heightened perceptions as he dies recall his life and the age in which he lives. The poet is in the interval between life and death, just as his culture hangs between the pagan and Christian eras. As he reflects, Virgil recognises that history is at a cusp and that he may have falsified reality in his attempt to create beauty.
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Cyprianus Gallus Cyprianus Gallus (fl. c. 397–430) was a fifth-century poet who wrote a Late Latin epic versification of the historical books of the Vetus Latina, though only the Heptateuch ("Heptateuchos") has survived to the present day. He, along with his namesake Cyprian of Carthage and Tertullian, has been credited the authorship of the two poems "Carmen de Sodoma" and "Carmen de Iona", but neither fits his style and language.
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Carlo Porta Carlo Porta (June 15, 1775 – January 5, 1821) was an Italian poet, the most famous writer in Milanese (the central dialect of the Western Lombard language).
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Girolamo Muzio Girolamo Muzio or "Mutio Justinopolitano" (1496 in Padua, Republic of Venice 1576 in Paneretta near Siena, Grand Duchy of Tuscany) was an Italian courtier, poet, and author in defence of the vernacular Italian language against Latin.
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Luis Lloréns Torres Luis Lloréns Torres (May 14, 1876 – June 16, 1944), was a Puerto Rican poet, playwright, and politician. He was an advocate for the independence of Puerto Rico.
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M. Vasalis M. Vasalis (13 February 1909 in The Hague – 16 October 1998 in Roden) was a Dutch poet and psychiatrist. M. Vasalis is the pseudonym of Margaretha Droogleever Fortuyn-Leenmans. Vasalis is her Latinized maiden name.
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Ludovico Ariosto Ludovico Ariosto (] ; 8 September 1474 – 6 July 1533) was an Italian poet. He is best known as the author of the romance epic "Orlando Furioso" (1516). The poem, a continuation of Matteo Maria Boiardo's "Orlando Innamorato", describes the adventures of Charlemagne, Orlando, and the Franks as they battle against the Saracens with diversions into many sideplots. Ariosto composed the poem in the ottava rima rhyme scheme and introduced narrative commentary throughout the work.
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Valmiki Valmiki ( ; Sanskrit: वाल्मीकि, "Vālmīki") is celebrated as the harbinger-poet in Sanskrit literature. The epic "Ramayana", dated variously from 5th century BCE to first century BCE, is attributed to him, based on the attribution in the text itself. He is revered as "Ādi Kavi", the first poet, author of "Ramayana", the first epic poem.