The Kingdom of Strathclyde is home to a medieval capital with a castle that sits on volcanic basalt that was how high?
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Kingdom of Strathclyde Strathclyde (lit. "Strath of the River Clyde"), originally Cumbric: Ystrad Clud or Alclud (and Strath-Clota in Anglo-Saxon), was one of the early medieval kingdoms of the Britons in "Hen Ogledd" ("the Old North"), the Brythonic-speaking parts of what is now southern Scotland and northern England. The kingdom developed during the post-Roman period. It is also known as Alt Clut, a Brittonic term for Dumbarton Castle, the medieval capital of the region. It may have had its origins with the Brythonic Damnonii people of Ptolemy's "Geography".
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Dumbarton Castle Dumbarton Castle (Scottish Gaelic: "Dùn Breatainn" , ] ) has the longest recorded history of any stronghold in Scotland. It overlooks the Scottish town of Dumbarton, and sits on a plug of volcanic basalt known as Dumbarton Rock which is 240 ft high.
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Dingwall Dingwall (Scots: "Dingwal" , Scottish Gaelic: "Inbhir Pheofharain" ) (] ) is a town and a royal burgh in the Highland council area of Scotland. It has a population of 5,491. It was formerly an east-coast harbour but now lies inland. Dingwall Castle was once the biggest castle north of Stirling. On the town's present-day outskirts lies Tulloch Castle, parts of which may date back to the 12th-century building. In 1411 the Battle of Dingwall is said to have taken place between the Clan Mackay and the Clan Donald.
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Culzean Castle Culzean Castle ( , see yogh; Scots: "Cullain" ) is a castle overlooking the Firth of Clyde, near Maybole, Carrick, on the Ayrshire coast of Scotland. It is the former home of the Marquess of Ailsa, the chief of Clan Kennedy, but is now owned by the National Trust for Scotland. The clifftop castle lies within the Culzean Castle Country Park and is opened to the public.
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Strokkur Strokkur (Icelandic for "churn") is a fountain geyser located in a geothermal area beside the Hvítá River in Iceland in the southwest part of the country, east of Reykjavík. It is one of Iceland's most famous geysers, erupting once every 6–10 minutes. Its usual height is 15–20 m, although it can sometimes erupt up to 40 m high.
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Dumgoyne Dumgoyne is a hill prominent on the edge of the Campsie Fells and is a well-known landmark visible from Glasgow. It is a volcanic plug and is 427 m high. The plug is readily reached from a path beside Glengoyne Distillery or via a water-board track from the village of Strathblane three miles to the east or Killearn to the west.
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Àrd Bheinn Àrd Bheinn (meaning "high mountain") is a small mountain of 1678 feet on central Isle of Arran in western Scotland.
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Halidon Hill Halidon Hill is a summit, about 2 mi west of the centre of Berwick-upon-Tweed, on the border of England and Scotland. It reaches 600 feet (180 m) high. The name of the hill indicates that it once had a fortification on its top. At the Battle of Halidon Hill in 1333, Edward III of England used longbowmen on the heights of the hill to defeat the Scottish army led by Archibald the "Tyneman" Douglas, Regent of Scotland.
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Castletown, Isle of Man Castletown (Manx: "Balley Chashtal" , pronounced ] ) is a town geographically within the parish of Arbory and Castletown of the Isle of Man but administered separately. Lying at the south of the island, it was the Manx capital until 1869. The centre of town is dominated by Castle Rushen, a well-preserved medieval castle, originally built for a Viking king.
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Ashintully Castle Ashintully Castle, located near Kirkmichael, north of Blairgowrie, in the county of Perthshire Scotland, was built in 1583 as a fortified tower house by the Spalding family; the Feudal Barons of Ashintully. The Spalding Barons were chiefs of the Spalding Clan and followers of the Duke of Atholl, the Chief of the Murray Clan. The Spaldings of Ashintully and their cadet branches were Jacobites, or followers of the House of Stuart. The castle is reached from the B950 road to the Northeast of Kirkmichael. The name "Ashintully" is an anglicized spelling of the Gaelic "Eas an Tulaich" and means "cascade of the hillock".
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Staffa Staffa (Scottish Gaelic: "Stafa" , ] ) from the Old Norse for stave or pillar island, is an island of the Inner Hebrides in Argyll and Bute, Scotland. The Vikings gave it this name as its columnar basalt reminded them of their houses, which were built from vertically placed tree-logs.
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Hekla Hekla (] ), or Hecla, is a stratovolcano in the south of Iceland with a height of 1491 m . Hekla is one of Iceland's most active volcanoes; over 20 eruptions have occurred in and around the volcano since 874. During the Middle Ages, Europeans called the volcano the "Gateway to Hell".
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Findlater Castle Findlater Castle is the old seat of the Earls of Findlater and Seafield, sitting on a 50 ft -high cliff overlooking the Moray Firth on the coast of Banff and Buchan, Aberdeenshire, Scotland. It lies about 15 km west of Banff, near the village of Sandend, between Cullen and Portsoy. The cliffs here contain quartz; the name "Findlater" is derived not from Norse as earlier stated here, but from the Scots Gaelic words "fionn" ("white") and "leitir" ("cliff or steep slope"). The first historical reference to the castle is from 1246. King Alexander III of Scotland repaired this castle in the 1260s in preparation for an invasion by King Haakon IV of Norway. The Vikings took and held the castle for some time. The castle remains that are still there are from the 14th-century rebuilding, when the castle was redesigned based on the Roslyn Castle model.
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Tindfjallajökull Tindfjallajökull is a stratovolcano in the south of Iceland. It has erupted rocks of basaltic to rhyolitic composition, and a 5-km-wide caldera was formed during the eruption of the 54,000-year-old Thórsmörk Ignimbrite.
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Dalkeith Dalkeith ( ) Scottish Gaelic: "Dail Cheith" ) is a town in Midlothian, Scotland, on the River Esk. It was granted a burgh of barony in 1401 and a burgh of regality in 1540. The settlement of Dalkeith grew southwestwards from its 12th-century castle (now Dalkeith Palace).
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Cairn O' Mounth Cairn O' Mounth/Cairn O' Mount (Scottish Gaelic: "Càrn Mhon" ) is a high mountain pass in Aberdeenshire, Scotland. The place name is a survival of the ancient name for what are now the Grampian Mountains, earlier called "the Mounth" (in Gaelic: "monadh", meaning "mountains"). The name change happened from circa 1520 AD. The Ordnance Survey shows the name as "Cairn o' Mount".
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Sgùrr Alasdair At 3,255 feet, Sgùrr Alasdair is the highest peak of the Black Cuillin, and the highest peak on the Isle of Skye and in the Inner Hebrides. Like the rest of the range it is composed of gabbro, a rock with excellent grip for mountaineering. It is named for Alexander Nicolson, who made the first recorded ascent in 1873. Prior to this the mountain had been locally known as Sgurr Biorach.
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Galston, East Ayrshire Galston (Lowland Scots: "Gauston", Scottish Gaelic: "Baile nan Gall") is a municipality in East Ayrshire, Scotland which has a population of 5,001 (2001). It is situated in wooded countryside 4 miles up-river from Kilmarnock and is one a group of the small towns located in the Irvine Valley between the towns of Hurlford and Newmilns. To the north of the town is the ruin of Loudoun Castle, the site of Loudoun Castle theme park from 1995 to 2010. In 1874 the population was 4,727.
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Lóndrangar The Lóndrangar are a pair of rock pinnacles in Iceland. They are volcanic plugs of basalt, that have been hewn out from softer surrounding rock by erosion. At 75 and 61 m tall, they are a singular sight, rising above and outside the ocean front due east across from Malarrif and some 10 km from Hellnar, on the southern coast of Snæfellsnes peninsula. History has it that the taller of the cliffs was ascended in 1735, while the smaller one was not climbed until 1938.
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Craigleith Craigleith (Scottish Gaelic: "Creag Lìte" ) is a small island in the Firth of Forth off North Berwick in East Lothian, Scotland. Its name comes from the Scottish Gaelic "Creag Lìte" meaning "rock of Leith". It is 24 m at its highest point.
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Hecla (South Uist) Hecla or Thacla is a mountain on the island of South Uist in the Outer Hebrides of Scotland. With a height of 606 m , it is the second-highest hill on the island. The name "Hecla" is Norse for "serrated".
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Craignethan Castle Craignethan Castle is a ruined castle in South Lanarkshire, Scotland. It is located above the River Nethan, a tributary of the River Clyde, at [ NS816464] . The castle is two miles west of the village of Crossford, and 4.5 miles north-west of Lanark. Built in the first half of the 16th century, Craignethan is recognised as an excellent early example of a sophisticated artillery fortification, although its defences were never fully tested.