What type of gesture does Donets-Krivoy Rog Soviet Republic and have in common?
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Donets-Krivoy Rog Soviet Republic The Donetsk–Krivoy Rog Soviet Republic (Russian: Донецко-Криворожская советская республика ) was a self-declared Soviet republic of the Russian SFSR founded on 12 February 1918. The republic claimed "self-determined" territories in treaties of Brest-Litovsk; it was founded three days after the government of Ukraine signed the treaty with Germans, which recognised the borders of Ukrainian People's Republic, within which the Donetsk-Krivoy Rog Soviet Republic was located. On 29 March 1918 it became a republic within Ukrainian Soviet Republic, where it was merged with Ukrainian People's Republic of Soviets (capital in Kharkov, founded 25 December 1917) and Odessa Soviet Republic (founded 1 March 1918), until the last was fully occupied by the German forces according to treaties of Brest-Litovsk.
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Treaty of Brest-Litovsk The Treaty of Brest-Litovsk was a peace treaty signed on 3 March 1918 between the new Bolshevik government of Soviet Russia and the Central Powers (Germany, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria, and the Ottoman Empire), that ended Russia's participation in World War I. The treaty was signed at Brest-Litovsk (Polish: "Brześć Litewski" ; since 1945 Brest), after two months of negotiations. The treaty was agreed upon by the Bolshevik government under threat of further advances by German and Austrian forces. According to the treaty, Soviet Russia defaulted on all of Imperial Russia's commitments to the Triple Entente alliance.
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A Word to the People "A Word to the People" (Russian: «Слово к народу») was an open letter signed by a number of Soviet politicians, literati and other figures. The declaration was published in "Sovetskaya Rossiya" (a newspaper that expressed anti-perestroika views) on 23 July 1991. Among signatories of the publication were Yuri Bondarev, Valentin Varennikov, Gennady Zyuganov, Alexander Prokhanov, Valentin Rasputin, and Vasily Starodubtsev.
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Russia–South Ossetia relations Russia—South Ossetia relations (Russian: Российско-южноосетинские отношения ) refers to the bilateral relationship between Russia and the Republic of South Ossetia, a disputed region in the South Caucasus, located on the territory of the South Ossetian Autonomous Oblast within the former Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic.
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Khorugv Khorúgv (Russian: "Xоругвь" , Bulgarian: "Хоругва" , Ukrainian: "Хоругва" , Polish: "Chorągiew" , Finnish: "Kirkkolippu" , sometimes translated as "gonfalon"), is a religious banner used liturgically in the Eastern Orthodox and Eastern Catholic Churches.
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Kazakh Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic The Kazakh Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic (until 1936 Kazak Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic; Russian: Казакская Автономная Социалистическая Советская Республика , "Kazakskaya Avtonomnaya Socialisticheskaya Sovetskaya Respublika"; Kazakh: Қазақ Автономиялық Социалистік Советтік Республикасы, "Qazaq Avtonomïyalıq Sotsialïstik Sovettik Respuwblïkası", قازاق اۆتونومئيالىق سوتسىالئستىك سوۆەتتىك زەسپۋبلئكاسى ; Kazakh Uniform Turkic Alphabet: "Qazaq Aptonom Sotsijalistik Sovettik Respuʙlikasь" ) was an autonomous republic of the Soviet Union within the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR) existing from 1925 until 1936.
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Quenelle (gesture) The quenelle (] ) is a gesture created and popularized by French political activist and comedian Dieudonné M'bala M'bala. He first used it in 2005 in his sketch entitled "1905" about French secularism, and has used it since in a wide variety of contexts. The quenelle became viral, with many photos posted to the internet showing individuals posing while performing quenelles at mundane places (wedding parties, high school classes, etc.).
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Gesture A gesture is a form of non-verbal communication or non-vocal communication in which visible bodily actions communicate particular messages, either in place of, or in conjunction with, speech. Gestures include movement of the hands, face, or other parts of the body. Gestures differ from physical non-verbal communication that does not communicate specific messages, such as purely expressive displays, proxemics, or displays of joint attention. Gestures allow individuals to communicate a variety of feelings and thoughts, from contempt and hostility to approval and affection, often together with body language in addition to words when they speak.
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Rooi gevaar Rooi gevaar is an Afrikaans phrase, translated into English as the "red threat" or "communist threat". The term gained popularity in South Africa during the Cold War and was associated with the perceived threat of international communism to religious, economic, and political freedom on the Southern African subcontinent. This pretext was used to justify the banning of the South African Communist Party (SACP) and its sister organisation, the African National Congress (ANC), which were regarded as leading anti-apartheid movements.
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Revolutionary Mass Festivals Revolutionary Mass Festivals (in Russian массовые праздники), or Mass Spectacles, were participatory, staged cultural events held in the Soviet Union. They were held during the period of the Russian Civil War following the October Revolution of 1917. Experimental in nature, they united the Marxist-Leninist ideology of re-education of the masses and the aesthetics of the Russian avant-garde. The revolutionary mass festivals built upon the tradition of fairs and carnivals, and were part of the subsequently institutionalized public holidays and their official celebration in the Soviet Union. In contrast to these earlier versions of public festivals, the early revolutionary mass festival was often produced ad hoc without a distinct guideline. However, they became crucial events in the active construction of historical myths.
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1968 Red Square demonstration The 1968 Red Square demonstration (Russian: Демонстра́ция 25 а́вгуста 1968 го́да ) took place on 25 August 1968 at Red Square, Moscow, Soviet Union, to protest the invasion of Czechoslovakia by the Soviet Union and its Warsaw Pact allies, that occurred during the night of 20–21 August 1968, crushing the Prague spring, a set of de-centralization reforms promoted by Alexander Dubček.
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Hammer and sickle (disambiguation) The hammer and sickle (Russian: Serp i Molot: Серп и молот, "sickle and hammer") is the international symbol of Communism.
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Kryvyi Rih Kryvyi Rih (Ukrainian: Криви́й Ріг ] ;, "Crooked Horn") or Krivoy Rog (Russian: Кривой Рог ] ) is a city in the Dnipropetrovsk region of Ukraine; it is the 8th most populous city in the country. It lies within a large urban area, administratively incorporated with Kryvyi Rih Municipality as a city of region significance. It also serves as the administrative center of the district although it is not part of it. The city extends for 126 km from north to south.
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Armenian line dance The Armenian Line dance is an Armenian folk dance, danced at parties and other special occasions. It is performed by a group of people who join hands and do a specific step while walking counter-clockwise. This is just one variation of many different types of line dance. It is done with many different steps and in different styles.
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Belarusian Republican Youth Union The Belarusian Republican Youth Union (Belarusian: Беларускі рэспубліканскі саюз моладзі (БРСМ), Russian: Белорусский республиканский союз молодежи (БРСМ), transliteration: "Belorusskij respublikanskij sojuz molodeži" (BRSM)) is a youth organization in Belarus. Its goals are to promote patriotism and to instill moral values into the youth of Belarus, using activities such as camping, sporting events and visiting memorials. The organization was created after a merger of other youth groups in 2002 and is the successor of the Leninist Communist Youth League of the Byelorussian SSR. The BRSM is the largest youth group in Belarus and is supported by the Belarusian government. Some people have accused the group of using methods of coercion and empty promises in order to recruit new members and of being used as propaganda for the government of Alexander Lukashenko.
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Flag of Altai Krai The flag of Altai Krai, in the Russian Federation, is a vertical bicolor of light-blue and red charged with a spike of wheat on the blue band and the arms of the krai on the red band. The design follows the pattern of the flags of the Russian SFSR. This center design on the flag is the coat of arms of Altai Krai. The coat of arms was adopted on May 25, 2000. The flag was adopted on June 29, 2000 during a session of the Altai Krai Council of People's Deputies.
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Russian All-Military Union The Russian All-Military Union (in Russian Русский Обще-Воинский Союз, abbreviated РОВС, "ROVS") is an organization that was founded by White Army General Pyotr Wrangel in the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes on September 1, 1924. This organization united all veterans of the Russian White movement, soldiers and officers alike, who were living abroad and desired to stay united for the purpose of purging Russia of the Bolshevik regime. The Union also tried to conduct operations within the USSR for the purpose of starting a national anti-communist uprising. The ROVS was formed outside of the Soviet Union.
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Red Army The Workers' and Peasants' Red Army (Russian: Рабоче-крестьянская Красная армия (РККА) , "Raboche-krest'yanskaya Krasnaya armiya (RKKA)", frequently shortened in Russian to Красная aрмия (КА) , "Krasnaya armiya (KA)", in English: Red Army, also in critical literature and folklore of that epoch – Red Horde, Army of Work) was the army and the air force of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, and after 1922 the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. The army was established immediately after the 1917 October Revolution (Red October or Bolshevik Revolution). The Bolsheviks raised an army to oppose the military confederations (especially the various groups collectively known as the White Army) of their adversaries during the Russian Civil War. Beginning in February 1946, the Red Army, along with the Soviet Navy, embodied the main component of the Soviet Armed Forces; taking the official name of "Soviet Army", until its dissolution in December 1991.
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Hero of Belarus Hero of Belarus (Belarusian: Герой Беларусi ; Łacinka: Hieroj Biełarusi; Russian: Герой Беларуси, transliterated "Geroy Belarusi") is the highest title that can be bestowed on a citizen of Belarus. The title is awarded to those "who perform great deeds in the name of freedom, independence and prosperity of the Republic of Belarus". The deed can be for military performance, economic performance or great service to the State and society. The design of the medal is similar to that of its predecessor, Hero of the Soviet Union. Similar titles to the Hero of Belarus include the Russian Hero of the Russian Federation, Ukrainian Hero of Ukraine, and Uzbek Hero of Uzbekistan. Since its creation, the title has been awarded to ten people.
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Red Hand Day Red Hand Day or International Day against the Use of Child Soldiers, :February 12 each year, is an annual commemoration day on which pleas are made to political leaders and events are staged around the world to draw attention to the fates of child soldiers, children who are forced to serve as soldiers in wars and armed conflicts. The aim of Red Hand Day is to call for action against this practice, and support for children who are affected by it. Children have been used repeatedly as soldiers in recent years including armed conflicts in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Rwanda, Uganda, Sudan, Côte d'Ivoire, Myanmar, Philippines, Colombia, Palestine, and Ukraine. Estimates on the number of children engaging in armed conflict around the world showed no change between 2006 and 2009. Rehabilitation for child-soldiers returned to their communities ranges from inadequate to non-existent.
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Ukrainian crisis A prolonged crisis in Ukraine began on 21 November 2013, when then-president Viktor Yanukovych suspended preparations for the implementation of an association agreement with the European Union. This decision resulted in mass protests by its proponents, known as the "Euromaidan". After months of such protests, Yanukovych was ousted by the protesters on 22 February 2014, when he fled the Ukrainian capital city of Kiev. Following his ousting, unrest enveloped the largely Russophone eastern and southern regions of Ukraine, from where he had drawn most of his support. An ensuing political crisis and Russian military intervention in the Ukrainian autonomous region of Crimea resulted in the annexation of Crimea by Russia on 18 March 2014. Subsequently, unrest in Donetsk and Luhansk oblasts of Ukraine evolved into a war in Donbass between the post-revolutionary Ukrainian government and pro-Russian insurgents, supported and often assisted by the Russian military and Russian special forces.
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Markovo Republic The Markovo Republic was a self-proclaimed peasant state located in Russia, roughly 150 kilometers outside of Moscow, in the Volokolamsk district. It was proclaimed October 1905, when during the Russian Revolution of 1905 peasants took control of the local government in the village Markovo. The republic revolt was put down July 1906, six months after the revolution had been put down in the cities. The state has been viewed as "one of the most impressive examples of progressive peasant politics during the 1905 Revolution".