What is Gilgit called in Wakhi, an Indo-European language in the Eastern Iranian branch of the language family spoken today in Wakhan District, Afghanistan and also in Northern Pakistan, China, and Tajikistan?
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Trakhàn dynasty Gilgit (Urdu/Burushaski: گلگت, Hindi: गिलगित) is the capital city of Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan. Gilgit City forms a tehsil of Gilgit, within Gilgit District. Its ancient name was "Sargin", later to be known as "Gilit", and it is still called "Gilit" or "Sargin-Gilit" by local people. In the Burushaski language, it is named "Geelt" and in Wakhi and Khowar it is called "Gilt". "Ghallata" is considered its name in ancient Sanskrit literature or the name comes from Turkish name gilit or kilit. Gilgit City is one of the two major hubs in the Northern Areas for mountaineering expeditions to the Karakoram and other the peaks in the Himalayas, the other hub being Skardu.
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Wakhi language Wakhi is an Indo-European language in the Eastern Iranian branch of the language family spoken today in Wakhan District, Afghanistan and also in Northern Pakistan, China, and Tajikistan.
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Karamay dialect Karamay dialect is a Beijing Mandarin dialect spoken by Han Chinese People in northern Xinjiang, China. It is also known as North Xinjiang Area dialect (), the regions of which include Karamay, Shihezi, Burqin County, Toli County, Hoboksar Mongol Autonomous County, Wenquan County in northern Xinjiang and a few other regions in the southern.
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Parya language Parya (Russian: Парья язык ) is a Central Indo-Aryan language spoken in parts of Uzbekistan and Tajikistan. Tajuzbeki (or Tadj-Uzbeki) was an alternative name coined by Bholanath Tivari for the same language. Much of the academic research in documenting and characterizing this isolated Indo-Aryan language was done by prominent Soviet linguist I. M. Oranski.
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Äynu language Äynu (also Aini, Ejnu, Abdal) is a Turkic cryptolect spoken in western China known in various spelling as Aini, Aynu, Ainu, Eyni or by the Uyghur Abdal (ئابدال), in Russian sources Эйну́, Айну, Абдал, by the Chinese as Ainu. Some linguists call it a mixed language, having a mostly Turkic grammar, essentially Yugur (close to Uyghur), but a mainly Iranian vocabulary. Other linguists argue that it does not meet the technical requirements of a mixed language. It is spoken by the Äynu, a nomadic people. The Äynu people call their language Äynú (ئەينۇ) .
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Tuvan language Tuvan (Tuvan: Тыва дыл , "Tıwa dıl"; ]), also known as Tuvinian, Tyvan or Tuvin, is a Turkic language spoken in the Republic of Tuva in south-central Siberia in Russia. The language has borrowed a great number of roots from the Mongolian language, Tibetan and more recently from the Russian language. There are small diaspora groups of Tuvan people that speak distinct dialects of Tuvan in the People's Republic of China and in Mongolia.
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Indo-Iranian languages The Indo-Iranian languages, or Indo-Iranic languages or Aryan languages, constitute the largest and easternmost extant branch of the Indo-European language family. It has more than 1 billion speakers, stretching from the Caucasus (Ossetian) and the Balkans (Romani) eastward to Xinjiang (Sarikoli) and Assam (Assamese), and south to Sri Lanka (Sinhalese) and the Maldives (Maldivian).
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Old Azeri language Old Azeri, also known as Azeri or Azari (Persian: آذری‎ ‎ "Āḏarī" ] ), is the extinct Iranian language that was once spoken in Azerbaijan (historic Azerbaijan, also known as "Iranian Azerbaijan"), and in what constitutes the present-day Republic of Azerbaijan (historically known as Arran and Shirvan). Some linguists believe the southern Tati varieties of Iranian Azerbaijan such as those around Takestan such as the Harzandi and Karingani dialects to be remnants of Azeri. In addition, Old Azeri is known to have strong affinities with Talysh.
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Wanetsi Waṇētsī (Pashto: وڼېڅي‎ ), also called Tarīnō (Pashto: ترينو‎ ), Chalgarī (Pashto: څلګري‎ "tsalgarī"), or Waneci, is a Pashto dialect which is spoken by a small population of Tareen tribes in Pakistan and Afghanistan, primarily in Harnai and Sinjawi area east of Quetta, northern Balochistan, Pakistan. Wanetsi has some similarities with the Pamir language of Munji spoken in southern Badakhshan, northeastern Afghanistan.
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Persian literature Persian literature (Persian: ادبیات فارسی‎ ‎ "adabiyāt-e fārsi"), comprises oral compositions and written texts in the Persian language and it is one of the world's oldest literatures. It spans two-and-a-half millennia, though much of the pre-Islamic material has been lost. Its sources have been within Greater Iran including present-day Iran, Iraq, the Caucasus, and Turkey, regions of Central and South Asia where the Persian language has historically been either the native or official language. For instance, Mowlana Rumi, one of best-loved Persian poets, born in Balkh or Vakhsh (in what is now Afghanistan), wrote in Persian, and lived in Konya, then the capital of the Seljuks in Anatolia. The Ghaznavids conquered large territories in Central and South Asia and adopted Persian as their court language. There is thus Persian literature from Iran, Mesopotamia, Azerbaijan, the wider Caucasus, Turkey, western parts of Pakistan, India, Tajikistan and other parts of Central Asia. Not all Persian literature is written in Persian, as some consider works written by ethnic Persians in other languages, such as Greek and Arabic, to be included. At the same time, not all literature written in Persian is written by ethnic Persians or Iranians, as Turkic, Caucasian, and Indic poets and writers have also used the Persian language in the environment of Persianate cultures.
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Sakzai Sakzai (Pashto: سکزی‎ ), also called Sakazai, Sagzai, Sagzi and Sijzi (Arabic: سجزي‎ ‎ ), are a historical Pashtun tribe of Afghanistan located within the locales of Nimroz, Ghor, Helmand and Farah. Also they can be found among the Baloch tribes.
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Chitrali cuisine Chitrali cuisine (Urdu: چترالی پکوان‎ ) refers to the food and cuisine of the Chitrali people from the North-Western region of the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan and the bordering Nooristan province in Afghanistan. Chitrali food has a regional variance in contrast to many other cuisines of Pakistan. The food of Chitral is very similar to the cuisine in neighboring Gilgit-Baltistan.
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Kutchi language Kutchi ( ) is an Indo-Aryan language spoken in the Kutch region of the Indian state of Gujarat as well as in the Pakistani province of Sindh. The name of the language is also transliterated as Kutchhi, Kachchi, Kachchhi, Kachhi or Cutchi.
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Khattak The Khattak (Pashto: خټک‎ ] ), is a Pashtun tribe numbering over 3 million, which speaks a variant of the softer Kandahari Pashto. It is one of the oldest Pashtun tribes. The Khattaks are settled along the western bank of the Indus River from as north upwards as Lund Khwar, Katlang, Sawaldher, Sher Garh and near Malakand, Nowshera District, Kohat District, Mianwali District, Attock District & Karak District in Pakistan. Across the Durand line, a smaller number of Khattaks are scattered in Kandahar, Ghazni, Logar and Khost in Afghanistan. The historic capitals of the Khattaks were Teri, a town at District Karak, and Akora Khattak, a town at District Nowshera.
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Turkic peoples The Turkic peoples are a collection of ethno-linguistic groups of central, eastern, northern, and western Asia as well as parts of Europe and North Africa. They speak languages belonging to the Turkic language family. They share, to varying degrees, certain cultural traits, common ancestry and historical backgrounds. The most notable modern Turkic ethnic groups are Turks, Azerbaijanis, Uzbeks, Kazakhs, Turkmens and Kyrgyz people.
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Wazir (Pashtun tribe) The Wazirs or Waziris (Pashto: وزير‎ ) are a Karlani Pashtun tribe found in Pakistan and on its border with Afghanistan. The tribe comprises two geographically separate subgroups and are found in the Waziristan region that takes its name from them. The Utmanzai are settled in the North Waziristan Agency and the Ahmadzai are in the South Waziristan Agency. Those subgroups are in turn divided further, for example into Utmanzai tribes such as the Bakka Khel and Jani Khel.
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Akakhel The Akakhel, pronounced Akaa Khel or Akakhail (Pashto and Urdu: اکاخیل,آقاخیل), are a Pashtun sub-tribe of the Ghilji/Ghilzais confederation. Their mother language is Pashto. In the early 20th century, the tribe was generally pastoral. The Akakhel are one of the largest Ghilji Pashtun subtribes. A reasonable majority of those who were living on the Durand Line migrated since 1900 into Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Balochistan and Punjab provinces of Pakistan to Sikander Abad (Jarra Kalay) Charsadda, Mangora (Swat) Peshawar, Nowshera, Mardan, Attock, Rawalpindi, Islamabad, Gujranwala, Gojra, Faisalabad, Lahore, Multan, Hyderabad, Karachi and Quetta.
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Masherbrum Mountains The Masherbrum Mountains are a subrange of the Karakoram mountain range, in Ghanche District, Baltistan region of the Gilgit-Baltistan province in northern Pakistan.
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Bodish languages The Bodish languages, named for the Tibetan ethnonym "Bod", are the Tibetic languages in a broad linguistic sense, regardless of whether the speakers are considered ethnically Tibetan. Different scholars divide Bodish differently, but the alternate term "Tibetan" generally excludes East Bodish. Languages in this subgroup are spoken in Tibet, North India, Nepal, Bhutan, and North Pakistan.
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Shigar District Shigar District, a political sub-division of Pakistan, is part of Baltistan and currently constitutes one of the nine districts of the Gilgit–Baltistan territory of Pakistan. It is bounded on the southeast by Kargil district in the Indian-Administered Jammu and Kashmir, on the east by Ghanche District, on the northeast by Xinjiang (China), on the south by Baramulla and Kargil District, on the west by district Astore and on the north by Gilgit District.
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Lezgian language Lezgian , also called Lezgi or Lezgin, is a language that belongs to the Lezgic languages. It is spoken by the Lezgins, who live in southern Dagestan, northern Azerbaijan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Kazakistan, Turkey, Germany and etc. Lezgian is a literary language and an official language of Dagestan. It is classified as "vulnerable" by UNESCO's Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger.
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Bengali dialects The dialects of the Bengali language (বাংলা উপভাষাসমূহ) are part of the Eastern Indo-Aryan language group of the Indo-European language family. Barisalian or Borishali (Barisal Division), Noakhalian (Noakhali District), Rangpuri (Rangpur Region), Khulnaiya (Khulna region), Mymensinghi (Mymensingh region), Sylheti (Sylhet region) and Chittagonian (Chittagong region) are major spoken dialects in Bangladesh. Although these languages are mutually intelligible with neighbouring dialects of Bengali, they sometimes lack mutual intelligibility with the Standard Bengali language and sometimes would not be understood by a native speaker of Standard Bengali. This is mainly the case for only Sylheti and Chittagonian. Hence, sometimes these dialects are sometimes considered languages in their own right.