Paulina Ana María Zapata Portillo's father was the inspiration for what agrarian movement?
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Paulina Ana María Zapata Portillo Anita Zapata, short for Paulina Ana María Zapata Portillo (1915-2010) daughter of General Emiliano Zapata, was a suffragist who fought for the vote for Mexican women and was the first female federal representative from the state of Morelos.
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Emiliano Zapata Emiliano Zapata Salazar (] ; 8 August 1879 – 10 April 1919) was a leading figure in the Mexican Revolution, the main leader of the peasant revolution in the state of Morelos, and the inspiration of the agrarian movement called "Zapatismo".
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Party of the Poor (Mexico) The Party of the Poor (Spanish: "Partido de los Pobres" , the PdlP) was a left-wing political movement and militant group in Mexico operating between 1967 and 1974. Led by the rural schoolteacher Lucio Cabañas, the PdlP – through its armed wing, the Peasants' Justice Brigade (Spanish: "Brigada Campesina de Ajusticiamiento" ) – waged guerrilla warfare against the Mexican government in the mountains of Guerrero.
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Agrarian socialism Agrarian socialism is a political ideology which combines an agrarian way of life with a socialist economic system.
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Juan Pablo Duarte Juan Pablo Duarte (January 26, 1813 – July 15, 1876) is one of the founding fathers of the Dominican Republic. He was a visionary and liberal thinker, who along with Francisco del Rosario Sánchez and Matías Ramón Mella, is widely considered to be the architect of the Dominican Republic and its independence from Haitian rule in 1844. He would help create the political organization La Trinitaria to fight against the Haitian occupation, achieve independence, and create a self-sufficient nation.
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José María Bustillo (Argentina) José María Bustillo (October 18, 1816 – June 27, 1910) was an Argentine general and a politician.
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Decree 900 Decree 900 (Spanish: "Decreto 900" ), also called the Agrarian Reform Law, was a Guatemalan land reform law passed on June 17, 1952, during the Guatemalan Revolution. The law was introduced by President Jacobo Árbenz Guzmán and passed by the Guatemalan Congress. It redistributed unused lands of sizes greater than 224 acres (0.902 km²) to local peasants, compensating landowners with government bonds. Land from at most 1,700 estates was redistributed to about 500,000 families—one sixth of the country's population. The goal of the legislation was to move Guatemala's economy from feudalism into capitalism. Although in force for only eighteen months, the law had a major effect on the Guatemalan land reform movement.
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Juan José Sebreli Juan José Pérez Sebreli (seˈbɾɛli ; born 3 November 1930) is an Argentine sociologist, essayist and philosopher. Throughout his intellectual work, he concentrated on the notions of reason, city and everyday life.
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Eliseo Arredondo Eliseo Arredondo de la Garza (5 May 1870 – 18 October 1923) was a Mexican politician and diplomat who briefly served as secretary of the Interior in the government of President Venustiano Carranza; his cousin and father-in-law. Arredondo also served as a federal congressman in the Chamber of Deputies, negotiated on behalf of Carranza with revolutionary leader, Pancho Villa, and, while working as "chargé d'affaires" in Washington, D.C., he secured diplomatic recognition for Carranza's administration from the United States government.
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Juan Chapín Juan Chapín is a character created by Guatemalan writer José Milla y Vidaurre in his novel "Un viaje al otro mundo pasando por otras partes" -A trip to the other world, going through other parts-, which he wrote while in exile in Europe after the Liberal revolution of 1871. Milla y Vidaurre had been a close friend of general Rafael Carrera, who had ruled Guatemala until his death in 1865. Milla also worked in the Foreign Minister during Carrera's regime. From 1871 to 1874, Milla visited several countries in North America and Europe and used his character Juan Chapín -to whom he explains everything they come across in Europe- to represent the average Guatemalan of his day.
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Camilo Henríquez Friar José Camilo Henríquez González (July 29, 1769 in Valdivia, Chile – March 16, 1825 in Santiago de Chile) was a priest, author, politician, and is considered an intellectual antecedent to and founding father of the Republic of Chile for his passionate leadership and influential writings. He was also one of the most important early South American newspaper writers and wrote several essays, most notably the "Proclama de Quirino Lemachez", which promoted Chilean independence and liberty. He also wrote under the pseudonym Quirino Lemachez.
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Víctor Patricio de Landaluze Víctor Patricio de Landaluze (1828 - 8 June 1889), was a Spanish-born painter active for much of his career in Cuba. He is the best-known Cuban practitioner of "costumbrismo", depicting Cuba peasants ("guajiros"), landowners, and slaves. He taught at the Academy of San Alejandro in Havana, and served as its director. He opposed Cuban independence, an attitude reflected in his work; nevertheless his paintings provide a valuable view of nineteenth-century Cuban society. His works also depict a somewhat idealized view of plantation life.
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Rafael Trujillo Rafael Leónidas Trujillo Molina (] ; 24 October 1891 – 30 May 1961), nicknamed "El Jefe" (] , "The Chief" or "The Boss"), was a Dominican politician and soldier, who ruled the Dominican Republic from February 1930 until his assassination in May 1961. He served as president from 1930 to 1938 and again from 1942 to 1952, ruling for the rest of the time as an unelected military strongman under figurehead presidents. His 31 years in power, to Dominicans known as the Trujillo Era (Spanish: "El Trujillato" ), are considered one of the bloodiest eras ever in the Americas, as well as a time of a personality cult, when monuments to Trujillo were in abundance. Rafael Trujillo was responsible for many deaths including between 547 and 12,166 in the Parsley massacre.
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Alejandro Bello The third of four sons of José Maria Bello (the son of Andrés Bello) and Ana Rosa Silva, Bello lived in Ancud, Chile as a child, due to his father's banishment after the 1891 Chilean Civil War.
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Antonio Carrillo Flores Antonio Carrillo Flores (June 23, 1909 – March 20, 1986) was a Mexican statesman, born in Mexico City. He was the second son of composer Julián Carrillo Trujillo.
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Gregorio Sancianco Gregorio Sancianco y Goson (born March 7, 1852, Malabon, - died November 17, 1897, Santo Domingo, Nueva Ecija, Philippines) was a lawyer and early advocate of economic reforms in the Philippines, which was then under Spanish rule. He was among the first generation of the Propaganda Movement, the lobby for political and economic reforms spearheaded by educated Filipinos (ilustrados) based in Spain in the second half of the 19th century. Sancianco has been called the first Filipino economist.
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People's Countryside Party The People's Countryside Party (PCP) is an Argentinean political party founded in 2008. This party has been formed by the union of the Movement for Dignity and Independence (Modin, active in Buenos Aires and San Luis) founded by the carapintada (English: painted face) Aldo Rico and the regional party Cordoba's Patriotic Movement.
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Early life of Fidel Castro The early life of Cuban revolutionary and politician Fidel Castro, born Lina Castro, spans the first 26 years of his life, from 1926 to 1952. Born in Birán, Oriente Province, Castro was the illegitimate son of Ángel Castro y Argiz, a wealthy farmer and landowner, and his mistress Lina Ruz González. First educated by a tutor in Santiago de Cuba, Fidel Castro then attended two boarding schools before being sent to El Colegio de Belén, a school run by Jesuits in Havana. In 1945 he began studying law at the University of Havana, where he first became politically conscious, becoming a staunch anti-imperialist and critic of United States involvement in the Caribbean. Involved in student politics, he was affiliated to Eduardo Chibás and his Partido Ortodoxo, achieving publicity as a vocal critic of the pro-U.S. administration of President Ramón Grau and his Partido Auténtico.
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Hermenegildo Sosa Hermenegildo Sosa (born April 12, 1946) is a Mexican painter and art professor who is best known for colorful depictions of Mexican rural landscapes, especially those of his home state of Tlaxcala. He was born there into a farming family, whose economic condition delayed his education as he had to work from a young age. In his teens he arrived to Mexico City to work as a domestic, but this allowed him to attend school, including painting classes. Eventually, he entered the Escuela Nacional de Pintura, Escultura y Grabado "La Esmeralda", where he eventually gained a career as a professor.
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Lucio Cabañas Lucio Cabañas Barrientos (] , 12 December 1938 – 2 December 1974) was a Mexican schoolteacher who became a revolutionary, albeit not a Marxist one. Cabañas regarded Emiliano Zapata as his role model and he never abandoned his Christian faith, as can be seen in Gerardo Tort's film documentary on him.
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Miguel Ramos Arizpe Don Miguel Ramos Arizpe (February 15, 1775 in Valle de San Nicolás, (near Saltillo) Coahuila – April 28, 1843 in Mexico City) was a Mexican priest and politician, and known as "the father of Mexican federalism."
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Battle of Celaya The Battle of Celaya, 6–15 April 1915, was part of a series of military engagements in the Bajío during the Mexican Revolution between the winners, who had allied against the regime of Gen. Victoriano Huerta (February 1913 to July 1914) and then fought each other for control of Mexico. The Constitutionalists under Gen. Venustiano Carranza faced off against the Army of the Convention of Aguascalientes. The Convention allied Francisco "Pancho" Villa and Emiliano Zapata, who in practice remained in his stronghold of Morelos. The first battle of Celaya was fought April 6–7, 1915, near Celaya in present-day Guanajuato, Mexico. The second battle of Celaya was fought April 15–16. These encounters between the Constitutionalist Army led by Gen. Álvaro Obregón, Venustiano Carranza's best general, and the army under the command of Pancho Villa were crucial in determining the outcome of the Mexican Revolution.