What is the main ingredient of the finishing material inside the Dymaxion deployment units?
f25cad7d6146492e7465ff057d09d3c2
Dymaxion deployment unit A Dymaxion deployment unit (DDU) is a structure designed in 1940 by Buckminster Fuller consisting of a 20-foot circular hut constructed of corrugated steel looking much like a yurt or the top of a metal silo. The interior was insulated, finished with wallboard, portholes and a door. The dome-like ceiling has a hole in the top and a cap for ventilation.
8e3c4a12c8829ab5cbe1ce779830c4cc
Drywall Drywall (also known as plasterboard, wallboard, gypsum panel, sheet rock, or gypsum board) is a panel made of calcium sulfate dihydrate (gypsum) with or without additives and normally pressed between a facer and a backer (typically thick sheets of paper). It is used to make interior walls and ceilings. The plaster is mixed with fiber (typically paper and/or fibreglass), plasticizer, foaming agent, and various additives that can decrease mildew, increase fire resistance, and lower water absorption.
ef8187711c744932678b1d9368b1f6ce
Dimethyl tetrachloroterephthalate Dimethyl tetrachloroterephthalate (DCPA, Dacthal) is an organic compound with the formula CCl(COCH). It is a colourless solid, although commercial samples can be off white. DCPA is the dimethyl ester of tetrachloroterephthalic acid. It is used as a preemergent herbicide. It kills grass and many common weeds without killing sensitive plants such as flowers, fruits, vegetables, turf, and cotton. DCPA was first registered for use in the United States in 1958. Production of DCPA was eventually discontinued by ISK Biosciences in 1998, but the large manufacturing company AMVAC began producing the product in 2001 for use in America. Sigma-Aldrich also manufactures DCPA for use in the USA under the name Pestanal. In Australia, DCPA is the active ingredient in agchem company Farmalinx's herbicide called Dynamo 750. Currently, DCPA is only used for eggplant, kale, turnips, and sweet potatoes.
e731424ef1ab8012f27f9ec62c9db91c
ThermaSAVE ThermaSAVE is a panel building system which uses a 4 to 12-inch-thick core of expanded polystyrene (similar to Styrofoam) sandwiched between two sheets of cellulose fiber-reinforced cement board varying in thickness from 3/8 to 7/16 inch, depending on structural requirements. This creates a "stress skinned" panel, also known as structural insulated panels (SIPs). Since c. 1984 H.H. "Hoot" Haddock from Florence, Alabama has been working on perfecting a polystyrene-based building system that would be faster and easier to construct than wood framed buildings, while having superior insulation and strength.
3aa4b1b17e57ecec2546fb37b215745a
Drying oil A drying oil is an oil that hardens to a tough, solid film after a period of exposure to air. The oil hardens through a chemical reaction in which the components crosslink (and hence, polymerize) by the action of oxygen (not through the evaporation of water or other solvents). Drying oils are a key component of oil paint and some varnishes. Some commonly used drying oils include linseed oil, tung oil, poppy seed oil, perilla oil, and walnut oil. Their use has declined over the past several decades, as they have been replaced by alkyd resins and other binders.
bbd01449475a61291a40d7ff81f98032
Cast Earth Cast Earth is a proprietary natural building material developed since the mid-1990s by Harris Lowenhaupt and Michael Frerking based on the earlier Turkish Alker, which is a concrete-like composite with soil of a suitable composition as its bulk component stabilized with about 15% calcined gypsum (plaster of Paris) instead of Portland cement. It can be used to form solid walls that need not be reinforced with a steel frame or timber framing, unless extra seismic reinforcement is necessary. Forms are set up and filled with Cast Earth, which sets quickly and solidly. Once the forms are removed the wall stays sound.
5ee86b20d13fe6b0c05780e0161152a4
DDAIP DDAIP is a pharmaceutical ingredient added to topical products to increase penetration through the skin. Chemically, DDAIP is an ester of "N","N"-dimethylalanine and dodecanol. DDAIP is typically formulated as its hydrochloride salt (DDAIP.HCl). This salt is a white crystalline solid with a melting range of 88-93°C and is an amphiphilic molecule with a pKa of 4.87 that is soluble in water up to about 40% w/v. DDAIP is proprietary to NexMed USA, a subsidiary of Apricus Biosciences.
d1457b260aa2974ea1aefe5c798244bd
Artificial leather Artificial leather (bicast leather) is a fabric or finish intended to substitute for leather in fields such as upholstery, clothing, footwear and fabrics and other uses where a leather-like finish is required but the actual material is cost-prohibitive, unsuitable, or unusable for ethical reasons.
d3232c15c93923a8fb3a42b83f1c940e
Glycerol ester of wood rosin Glycerol ester of wood rosin, also known as glyceryl abietate or ester gum, is an oil-soluble food additive (E number E445). The food-grade material is used in foods, beverages, and cosmetics to keep oils in suspension in water. It is also used as an ingredient in the production of chewing-gum and ice cream. Similar, less pure materials (glycerol ester of gum rosin) are used as a component of certain low-cost adhesives.
50dd0a4bfdbceb170f1865b54d373693
Medium density overlay panel Medium density overlay panel, or MDO panel, is a paintable surface made of plywood with a weather-resistant resin overlay bonded to the wood by heat and pressure. The overlay, which has at least 27% resin content, resists water, weather, wear and degradation. A similar product with a more rugged, smoother surface is called high density overlay (HDO) plywood.
939481c9a176485bae8cd7737e5c587e
Varnish Varnish is a transparent, hard, protective finish or film that is primarily used in wood finishing but also for other materials. Varnish is traditionally a combination of a drying oil, a resin, and a thinner or solvent. Varnish finishes are usually glossy but may be designed to produce satin or semi-gloss sheens by the addition of "flatting" agents. Varnish has little or no color, is transparent, and has no added pigment, as opposed to paints or wood stains, which contain pigment and generally range from opaque to translucent. Varnishes are also applied over wood stains as a final step to achieve a film for gloss and protection. Some products are marketed as a combined stain and varnish.
e609fbde4056474adcb5004de6f2975c
Gypsum block Gypsum block is a massive lightweight building material composed of solid gypsum, for building and erecting lightweight fire-resistant non-load bearing interior walls, partition walls, cavity walls, skin walls and pillar casing indoors. Gypsum blocks are composed of gypsum plaster, water and in some cases additives like vegetable or wood fiber for greater strength. Partition walls made from gypsum blocks require no sub-structure for erection and gypsum adhesive is used as bonding agent, not standard mortar. Because of this fundamental difference, gypsum blocks shouldn't be confused with the thinner plasterboard (also known as wallboard or gypsum board) used for paneling stud walls.
7d8a82cfa623c902363473736e975c9d
Zeoform Zeoform is a new material developed and patented by an Australian company "Zeo IP Pty". It is derived from cellulose and Water, transforming lignocellulosic fibres from industrial biomass into a structural material suitable for various applications in the industrial sector. It is claimed to be non toxic, biodegradable and could be used as a replacement for many forms of hard plastics, as well as synthetic and chemical composites.
a9afe170c8a27ae7c112e21460d717f6
Portland cement Portland cement is the most common type of cement in general use around the world as a basic ingredient of concrete, mortar, stucco, and non-specialty grout. It was developed from other types of hydraulic lime in England in the mid 19th century, and usually originates from limestone. It is a fine powder, produced by heating limestone and clay minerals in a kiln to form clinker, grinding the clinker, and adding small amounts of other materials. Several types of Portland cement are available. The most common, called ordinary Portland cement (OPC), is grey in colour, but white Portland cement is also available. Its name is derived from its similarity to Portland stone which was quarried on the Isle of Portland in Dorset, England. It was named by Joseph Aspdin who obtained a patent for it in 1824. However his son William Aspdin is regarded as the inventor of "modern" Portland cement due to his developments in the 1840s.
8c14d043f0f8e73797e12794cc2235bf
Terrazzo Terrazzo is a composite material, poured in place or precast, which is used for floor and wall treatments. It consists of chips of marble, quartz, granite, glass, or other suitable material, poured with a cementitious binder (for chemical binding), polymeric (for physical binding), or a combination of both. Metal strips divide sections, or changes in color or material in a pattern. Additional chips may be sprinkled atop the mix before it sets. After it is cured it is ground and polished smooth or otherwise finished to produce a uniformly textured surface.
ab3203e8a63f632ae5fd7858b064d45a
Asphalt Asphalt , also known as bitumen , is a sticky, black, and highly viscous liquid or semi-solid form of petroleum. It may be found in natural deposits or may be a refined product, and is classed as a pitch. Before the 20th century, the term asphaltum was also used. The word is derived from the Ancient Greek ἄσφαλτος "ásphaltos".
23a1fb602aebca1e70e421c7cff7a31f
Munition armour Munition armour (also "munitions-grade armour", "munition quality armour") refers to any mass-produced armour, historically stockpiled in armouries to equip both foot soldiers and mounted cuirassiers.
ac5d7ad34a9e48a80d193cbbdd978fbf
Poly(hydridocarbyne) Poly(hydridocarbyne) (PHC) is one of a class of carbon-based random network polymers primarily composed of tetrahedrally hybridized carbon atoms, each having one hydride substituent, exhibiting the generic formula [HC]n. PHC is made from bromoform, a liquid halocarbon that is commercially manufactured from methane. At room temperature, poly(hydridocarbyne) is a dark brown powder. It can be easily dissolved in a number of solvents (tetrahydrofuran, ether, toluene etc.), forming a colloidal suspension that is clear and non-viscous, which may then be deposited as a film or coating on various substrates. Upon thermolysis in argon at atmospheric pressure and temperatures of 110 °C to 1000 °C, decomposition of poly(hydridocarbyne) results in hexagonal diamond (Lonsdaleite).
4270a59e880c12f6fec1a2a6ac8abd33
Driclor Driclor is a strong anti-perspirant manufactured by Stiefel Laboratories (UK) and produced in Sligo, Ireland. Driclor is similar to other strong anti-perspirants using 20% aluminium chloride hexahydrate as the active ingredient, however, the water content and roll-on dispenser may cause skin irritancy as water / perspiration can break down the active ingredient to produce hydrochloric acid.
1e6755b0f0c5be21c27a4ac40908de56
Redux (adhesive) Redux is the generic name of a family of phenol–formaldehyde/polyvinyl–formal adhesives developed by Aero Research Limited (ARL) at Duxford, UK, in the 1940s, subsequently produced by Ciba (ARL). The brand name is now also used for a range of epoxy and bismaleimide adhesives manufactured by Hexcel. The name is a contraction of "REsearch at DUXford".
8b3aab560f03db0f4ed70dbf7df5238b
Nuclear material Nuclear material refers to the metals uranium, plutonium, and thorium, in any form, according to the IAEA. This is differentiated further into "source material", consisting of natural and depleted uranium, and "special fissionable material", consisting of enriched uranium (U-235), uranium-233, and plutonium-239. Uranium ore concentrates are considered to be a "source material", although these are not subject to safeguards under the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty.
6069856574272ec8e59b9e2ce3aeda33
Scotch-Brite Scotch-Brite is a line of abrasive cleaning pads produced by 3M. The original product line consisted of spun polypropylene fiber with about nine grit variations. Scotch-Brite also contains "Alox", which is a trade name for aluminum oxide. Although polypropylene may be considered benignly soft, its composition with aluminum oxide greatly enhances its abrasive powers; to the extent that a Scotch-Brite pad will actually scratch glass. Aluminum oxide has one of the highest hardness coefficients of all oxides, though the much more expensive diamond abrasives still exceed it in hardness.