Finishing the Hat: Collected Lyrics is a book that contains lyrics from a song that was "freely adpted" from an ancient greek comedy by who?
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Finishing the Hat Finishing the Hat: Collected Lyrics (1954–1981) with Attendant Comments, Principles, Heresies, Grudges, Whines and Anecdotes is a book by American musical theatre composer and lyricist Stephen Sondheim. The book contains Sondheim's lyrics from his first professionally staged show, "Saturday Night" (1954) through "West Side Story", "", "A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to the Forum", "Anyone Can Whistle", "Do I Hear a Waltz?", "Company", "Follies", "A Little Night Music", "The Frogs", "Pacific Overtures", "", and ending with "Merrily We Roll Along" (1981), stopping just short of the Pulitzer Prize-winning "Sunday in the Park with George" (1984) which contains the song from which the title of the book is taken.
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The Frogs (musical) The Frogs is a musical "freely adapted" by Stephen Sondheim and Burt Shevelove from "The Frogs", an Ancient Greek comedy by Aristophanes. Dionysus, despairing of the quality of living dramatists, travels to Hades to bring George Bernard Shaw back from the dead. William Shakespeare competes with Shaw for the title of best playwright, which he wins. Dionysus chooses to bring Shakespeare back, thereby improving the world and its political situation; art saves civilization.
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Apolytikion The Apolytikion (Greek: Ἀπολυτίκιον ) or Dismissal Hymn is a troparion (hymn) said or sung at Orthodox Christian worship services. The apolytikion summarizes the feast being celebrated that day. It is chanted at Vespers, Matins and the Divine Liturgy; and it is read at each of the Little Hours. The name derives from the fact that it is chanted for the first time before the dismissal (Greek: "apolysis") of Vespers. In the Orthodox Church, the liturgical day begins at sunset, so Vespers is the first service of the day. The term apolyikion is used in Greek tradition. In Slavic tradition the term troparion is specifically used to stand for Apolytikion,　whilst troparion is of more generic usage in Greek tradition.
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The Wasps The Wasps (Greek: Σφῆκες "Sphēkes") is the fourth in chronological order of the eleven surviving plays by Aristophanes, the master of an ancient genre of drama called 'Old Comedy'. It was produced at the Lenaia festival in 422 BC, a time when Athens was enjoying a brief respite from the Peloponnesian War following a one-year truce with Sparta.
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Sappho Sappho ( ; Aeolic Greek Ψάπφω , "Psappho" ] ; c. 630 – c. 570 BC) was an archaic Greek poet from the island of Lesbos. Sappho wrote lyric poetry and is best known for her poems about love and women. Most of Sappho's poetry is now lost, and what is extant has survived only in fragmentary form, except for one complete poem – the "Ode to Aphrodite". As well as lyric poetry, ancient commentators claimed that Sappho wrote elegiac and iambic poetry. Three epigrams attributed to Sappho are extant, but these are actually Hellenistic imitations of Sappho's style.
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Diogenianus Diogenianus (Greek: Διογενειανός, Διογενιανός ) was a Greek grammarian from Heraclea in Pontus (or in Caria) who flourished during the reign of Hadrian. He was the author of an alphabetical lexicon, chiefly of poetical words, abridged from the great lexicon (Περὶ γλωσσῶν ) of Pamphilus of Alexandria (AD 50) and other similar works. It was also known by the title Περιεργοπένητες (for the use of "industrious poor students"). It formed the basis of the lexicon, or rather glossary, of Hesychius of Alexandria, which is described in the preface as a new edition of the work of Diogenianus. We still possess a collection of proverbs under his name, probably an abridgment of the collection made by himself from his lexicon (ed. by Ernst von Leutsch and Friedrich Wilhelm Schneidewin in "Paroemiographi Graeci", i. 1839). Diogenianus was also the author of an Anthologion of epigrams about rivers, lakes, cliffs, mountains and mountaintops (Επιγραμμάτων ανθολόγιον περί ποταμών λιμνών κρηνών ορών ακρωρειών), and of a list (with map) of all the towns in the world.
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Demodocus of Leros Demodocus ( ; Greek: Δημόδoκος , "Demodokos") of Leros was an ancient Greek poet who is believed to have lived during the sixth century BC on the small island of Leros in the Aegean sea. He composed in elegiacs and iambs and appears to have specialized in gnomic poetry like his likely contemporary Phocylides. Little of his poetry survives, preserved in brief quotations by other authors, but it is possible that, like those of Phocylides, many of his gnomic utterances opened with the tag "And Demodocus says ...," as in the following assessment of Milesians:
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Melinno Melinno (Ancient Greek: Μελιννῶ ) was a Greek lyric poet. She probably lived in the 2nd century BCE, and was probably from Epizephyrian Locris in Magna Graecia, but because little biographical material on her is available, this is uncertain. She is credited with the work commonly called "Ode to Rome", which presents unique problems in the analysis of Greek poetry and is viewed as influential in the future course of Greek and Latin poetry. Her work has been characterised as "something of a sport, to which the extant remains of Greek poetry present no parallel."
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Aethiopis The Aethiopis or Aithiopis (Greek: Αἰθιοπίς , "Aithiopis"; Latin: "Aethiopis" ) is a lost epic of ancient Greek literature. It was one of the Epic Cycle, that is, the "Trojan" cycle, which told the entire history of the Trojan War in epic verse. The story of the "Aethiopis" comes chronologically immediately after that of the Homeric "Iliad", and is followed by that of the "Little Iliad". The "Aethiopis" was sometimes attributed by ancient writers to Arctinus of Miletus (see Cyclic poets). The poem comprised five books of verse in dactylic hexameter.
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Perikeiromene Perikeiromene (Greek: , translated as "The Girl with her Hair Cut Short", is a comedy by Menander (342/41 – 292/91 BC) that is only partially preserved on papyrus. Of an estimated total of between 1030 and 1091 lines, about 450 lines (between 40 and 45%) survive. Most acts lack their beginning and end, except that the transition between act I and II is still extant. The play may have been first performed in 314/13 BC or not much later.
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Metiochus and Parthenope Metiochus and Parthenope (Greek: Μητίοχος καὶ Παρθενόπη , "Mētiokhos kai Parthenopē") is an Ancient Greek novel that, in a translation by the eleventh-century poet ‘Unṣurī, also became the Persian romance epic "Vāmiq u ‘Adhrā", and the basis for a wide range of stories about the 'lover and the virgin' in medieval and modern Islamicate cultures.
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Phrynichus (comic poet) Phrynichus ( ; Greek: Φρύνιχος ) was a poet of the Old Attic comedy and a contemporary of Aristophanes. His first comedy was exhibited in 429 BC. He composed ten plays, of which the "Solitary" ("Μονότροπος ") was exhibited at the City Dionysia in 414 along with the "Birds" of Aristophanes and gained the third prize. The "Muses" carried off the second prize at the Lenaia in 405, Aristophanes being first with the "Frogs", in which he accuses Phrynichus of employing vulgar tricks to raise a laugh, of plagiarism and bad versification, and of lowbrow politics.
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Aeschrion of Samos Aeschrion (Gr. Αισχρίων ) was an iambic poet, and a native of Samos. He is mentioned by Athenaeus, who has preserved some choliambic verses of his, in which he defends the Samian Philaenis, claiming that the popular sex manual attributed to her was really written by Polycrates, an Athenian rhetorician and sophist. Some of his verses are also quoted by Tzetzes.
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Xenokleides Xenokleides was an Athenian poet of the 4th century BC. None of his works have survived. He was one of the hetaera Neaira's lovers. According to Apollodorus of Acharnae, 369 BC, he spoke out against Callistratus's request to support Sparta over Thebes. He was prosecuted for avoiding military service, though as a tax-collector for the year he was exempt from military duties, convicted, and disenfranchised (Ancient Greek: ἀτιμία, "atimia"). This prosecution, brought by one Stephanos on behalf of Callistratus, was probably intended to remove Xenokleides as a political opponent. In 343, Xenokleides was living in Macedonia, and was banished by Philip II; he appears to have been once again living in Athens by the time the speech "Against Neaira" was delivered.
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Dyskolos Dyskolos (Greek: , ] , translated as "The Grouch", "The Misanthrope", "The Curmudgeon", "The Bad-tempered Man" or "Old Cantankerous") is an Ancient Greek comedy by Menander, the only one of his plays, and of the whole "New Comedy", that has survived in almost complete form. It was first presented at the Lenaian festival in 317–16 BC, where it won Menander the first-place prize. It was long known only through fragmentary quotations; but a papyrus manuscript of the nearly complete "Dyskolos, "dating to the 3rd century, was recovered in Egypt in 1952 and forms part of the Bodmer Papyri.
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Herodas Herodas (Greek: Ἡρώδας ), or Herondas (the name is spelt differently in the few places where he is mentioned), was a Greek poet and the author of short humorous dramatic scenes in verse, probably written in Alexandria during the 3rd century BC.
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De vetula De vetula ("On the Old Woman") is a long 13th-century elegiac comedy written in Latin. It is pseudepigraphically signed "Ovidius", and in its time was attributed to the classical Latin poet Ovid. It consists of three books of hexameters, and was quoted by Roger Bacon. In its slight plot, the aging Ovid is duped by a go-between, and renounces love affairs. Its interest to modern readers lies in the discursive padding of the story.
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Book of Odes (Bible) The Book of Odes (Greek: Ὠδαί ), commonly referred to simply as Odes, is a book of the Bible found only in Eastern Orthodox Bibles and included or appended after Psalms in Alfred Rahlfs' critical edition of the Septuagint, coming from the fifth-century Codex Alexandrinus. The chapters are prayers and songs (canticles) from the Old and New Testaments. The first nine of them form the basis for the canon sung during matins and other services.
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Gnesippus Gnesippus (Greek: Γνήσιππος ), son of Cleomachus, a Doric lyric poet, according to Meineke, whose light and licentious love verses were attacked by the Athenian comic poets Chionides, Cratinus, and Eupolis. The passages quoted by Athenaeus (παιγνιαγράφου της ιλαράς μούσης, playful composer) seem to support, however, the opinion of Welcker, that Gnesippus was also a tragic poet, and that the description of his poetry given by Athenaeus refers to his choral odes, which traditionally were written in a standardized Doric form.
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Leptines Leptines (Greek: Λεπτίνης ) was an Athenian orator. He is known as the proposer of a law that no Athenian, whether citizen or resident alien (with the sole exception of the descendants of Harmodius and Aristogeiton), should be exempt from the public charges ("leitourgiai") for the state festivals.
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Anacreontic Society The Anacreontic Society was a popular gentlemen's club of amateur musicians in London founded in the mid-18th century. These barristers, doctors, and other professional men named their club after the Greek court poet Anacreon, who lived in the 6th century B.C. and whose poems, "anacreontics", were used to entertain patrons in Teos and Athens. Dubbed "the convivial bard of Greece", Anacreon's songs often celebrated women, wine, and entertaining.
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Odysseus Acanthoplex Odysseus Acanthoplex (Ancient Greek: Ὀδυσσεὺς ἀκανθοπλήξ , "Odysseus Akanthoplēx", "Odysseus wounded by a spine"; also known as "Odysseus Wounded", "Odysseus Spine-struck" and "Odysseus Wounded by the Spine") is a lost play by the Athenian dramatist Sophocles. Several fragments are extant. The plot told of Odysseus' death, accidentally killed by his son Telegonus. Some scholars believe that another Sophocles' title, Niptra (Νιπτρα, "The Footwashing", "The Washing"), is the same play as "Odysseus Acanthoplex". Dana Sutton, however, disputes this, suggesting that "Niptra" was a separate play dealing with Odysseus' return to Ithaca but not with his death.