Which of those that discovered Runge's phenomenon  was a German mathematician, physicist, and spectroscopist.?
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Runge's phenomenon In the mathematical field of numerical analysis, Runge's phenomenon is a problem of oscillation at the edges of an interval that occurs when using polynomial interpolation with polynomials of high degree over a set of equispaced interpolation points. It was discovered by Carl David Tolmé Runge (1901) when exploring the behavior of errors when using polynomial interpolation to approximate certain functions.
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Carl David Tolmé Runge Carl David Tolmé Runge (] ; 30 August 1856 – 3 January 1927) was a German mathematician, physicist, and spectroscopist.
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Johannes Franz Hartmann Johannes Franz Hartmann (January 11, 1865 – September 13, 1936) was a German physicist and astronomer. In 1904, while studying the spectroscopy of Delta Orionis he noticed that most of the spectrum had a shift, except the calcium lines, which he interpreted as indicating the presence of interstellar medium.
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Sophie Germain Marie-Sophie Germain (] ; 1 April 1776 – 27 June 1831) was a French mathematician, physicist, and philosopher. Despite initial opposition from her parents and difficulties presented by society, she gained education from books in her father's library including ones by Leonhard Euler and from correspondence with famous mathematicians such as Lagrange, Legendre, and Gauss. One of the pioneers of elasticity theory, she won the grand prize from the Paris Academy of Sciences for her essay on the subject. Her work on Fermat's Last Theorem provided a foundation for mathematicians exploring the subject for hundreds of years after. Because of prejudice against her sex, she was unable to make a career out of mathematics, but she worked independently throughout her life. Before her death Gauss had recommended that she be awarded an honorary degree, but that never occurred. At the centenary of her life, a street and a girls school were named after her. The Academy of Sciences established the Sophie Germain Prize in her honor.
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Leopold Gmelin Leopold Gmelin (2 August 1788 – 13 April 1853) was a German chemist. Gmelin was professor at the University of Heidelberg among other things, he worked on the red prussiate and created Gmelin's test.
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William Frederick Meggers William Frederick Meggers (July 13, 1888 – November 19, 1966) was an American physicist specialising in spectroscopy.
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Sophus Lie Marius Sophus Lie ( ; ] ; 17 December 1842 – 18 February 1899) was a Norwegian mathematician. He largely created the theory of continuous symmetry and applied it to the study of geometry and differential equations.
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Emanuel Mendel Emanuel Mendel (October 28, 1839 – June 23, 1907) was a German neurologist and psychiatrist who was a university professor (from 1884 an associate professor) and director of a polyclinic in Berlin. He was born in Bunzlau, Lower Silesia; (today known as Bolesławiec, Poland).
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Alfred Wilhelm Volkmann Alfred Wilhelm Volkmann (1 July 1801 – 21 April 1877) was a German physiologist, anatomist, and philosopher. He specialized in the study of the nervous and optic systems.
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Arthur Korn Arthur Korn (May 20, 1870, Breslau, Germany – December 21/December 22, 1945, Jersey City, New Jersey) was a German physicist, mathematician and inventor. He was involved in the development of the fax machine, specifically the transmission of photographs or telephotography, known as the Bildetelegraph, related to early attempts at developing a practical mechanical television system.
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Karl Eduard Zetzsche Karl Eduard Zetzsche (March 11, 1830 Altenberg – April 18, 1894 Dresden) was a German mathematician and physicist.
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Johannes Rydberg Johannes (Janne) Robert Rydberg (8 November 1854 – 28 December 1919) was a Swedish physicist mainly known for devising the Rydberg formula, in 1888, which is used to predict the wavelengths of photons (of light and other electromagnetic radiation) emitted by changes in the energy level of an electron in a hydrogen atom.
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Anita Gregory Anita Gregory (née Kohsen; 9 June 1925 – 7 November 1984) was a German-born British psychologist and parapsychologist. Gregory was a lecturer at the Polytechnic of North London. She was a member of the Society for Psychical Research and conducted experiments with the British psychic Matthew Manning.
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Richard Börnstein Richard Börnstein (9 January 1852, in Königsberg – 13 May 1913, in Berlin) was a German physicist and meteorologist.
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Runge–Kutta–Fehlberg method In mathematics, the Runge–Kutta–Fehlberg method (or Fehlberg method) is an algorithm in numerical analysis for the numerical solution of ordinary differential equations. It was developed by the German mathematician Erwin Fehlberg and is based on the large class of Runge–Kutta methods.
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Manne Siegbahn Karl Manne Georg Siegbahn {'1': ", '2': ", '3': 'ForMemRS', '4': "} (3 December 1886 – 26 September 1978) was a Swedish physicist who was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1924 "for his discoveries and research in the field of X-ray spectroscopy".
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Carl Ramsauer Carl Wilhelm Ramsauer (February 6, 1879 in Osternburg, Oldenburg – December 24, 1955 in Berlin) was an internationally notable professor of physics and research physicist, famous for the discovery of the Ramsauer–Townsend effect. He pioneered the field of electron and proton collisions with gas molecules.
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Edmund Hess Edmund Hess (17 February 1843 – 24 December 1903) was a German mathematician who discovered several regular polytopes.
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Erich Schumann Erich Schumann (5 January 1898 – 25 April 1985) was a German physicist who specialized in acoustics and explosives, and had a penchant for music. He was a general officer in the army and a professor at the University of Berlin and the Technical University of Berlin. When Adolf Hitler came to power he joined the Nazi Party. During World War II, his positions in the Army Ordnance Office and the Army High Command made him one of the most powerful and influential physicists in Germany. He ran the German nuclear energy program from 1939 to 1942, when the army relinquished control to the Reich Research Council. His role in the project was obfuscated after the war by the German physics community’s defense of its conduct during the war. The publication of his book on the military’s role in the project was not allowed by the British occupation authorities. He was director of the Helmholtz Institute of Sound Psychology and Medical Acoustics.
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Roger Joseph Boscovich Roger Joseph Boscovich (Croatian: "Ruđer Josip Bošković" , ] , Italian: "Ruggiero Giuseppe Boscovich" , Latin: "Rodericus Iosephus Boscovicus" ; 18 May 1711 – 13 February 1787) was a Ragusan physicist, astronomer, mathematician, philosopher, diplomat, poet, theologian, Jesuit priest, and a polymath from the city of Dubrovnik (modern-day Croatia), who studied and lived in Italy and France where he also published many of his works. He was nicknamed "the Croatian Leibniz" by Werner Heisenberg.
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Johann Hedwig Johann Hedwig (8 December 1730 – 18 February 1799), also seen as Johannes Hedwig or Latinised as Joannis Hedwig, was a German botanist notable for his studies of mosses (for which he is sometimes called the father of bryology), in particular the observation of sexual reproduction in the cryptogams.
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Franz Ernst Neumann Franz Ernst Neumann (11 September 1798 – 23 May 1895) was a German mineralogist, physicist and mathematician.