The painting Also sprach Zarathustra was inspired by a novel by a philosopher that held the Chair of Classical Philology at what university in 1869?
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Also Sprach Zarathustra (painting) Also sprach Zarathustra (Thus Spoke Zarathustra or Thus Spake Zarathustra) is the oil painting cycle by Lena Hades painted from 1995 to 1997 and inspired by Friedrich Nietzsche's philosophical novel of the same name. The painter created her first painting on December 1995 in Moscow. The "Thus Spake Zarathustra" cycle is a series of twenty-eight oil paintings made by the artist from 1995 to 1997 and thirty graphic works made in 2009. Twenty-four of the paintings depict so-called round-headed little men and their struggles in life. The remaining four depict Zarathustra himself, his eagle and serpent. Six paintings of the series were purchased by the Moscow Museum of Modern Art and by some important private collectors. The oil painting "Also Sprach Zarathustra" series was exhibited several times — including the exhibition at the Institute of Philosophy of the Russian Academy of Sciences in 1997 and at the First Moscow Biennale of contemporary art in 2005.
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Friedrich Nietzsche Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche ( ; ] ; 15 October 1844 – 25 August 1900) was a German philosopher, cultural critic, poet, philologist, and Latin and Greek scholar whose work has exerted a profound influence on Western philosophy and modern intellectual history. He began his career as a classical philologist before turning to philosophy. He became the youngest ever to hold the Chair of Classical Philology at the University of Basel in 1869, at the age of 24. He resigned in 1879 due to health problems that plagued him most of his life, and he completed much of his core writing in the following decade. In 1889, at age 44, he suffered a collapse and a complete loss of his mental faculties. He lived his remaining years in the care of his mother until her death in 1897, and then with his sister Elisabeth Förster-Nietzsche, and died in 1900.
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Plato Plato ( ; Greek: Πλάτων "Plátōn", ] in Classical Attic; 428/427 or 424/423 – 348/347 BC) was a philosopher in Classical Greece and the founder of the Academy in Athens, the first institution of higher learning in the Western world. He is widely considered the most pivotal figure in the development of philosophy, especially the Western tradition. Unlike nearly all of his philosophical contemporaries, Plato's entire work is believed to have survived intact for over 2,400 years. Others believe that the oldest extant manuscript dates to around AD 895, 1100 years after Plato's death. This makes it difficult to know exactly what Plato wrote.
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Edmund Yard Robbins Edmund Yard Robbins (born 29 May 1867, Windsor, New Jersey – d. 30 May 1942, Princeton, New Jersey) was an American philosopher. He was Ewing Professor of the Greek Language and Literature at Princeton University. In 1889, he obtained a Bachelors, and in 1890 a master's degree from Princeton. From 1891 to 1894, he furthered his studies at the University of Leipzig. On his return he was as an instructor at Princeton University in Greek. In 1897 he was appointed assistant professor. After his graduation to Doctor of Letters with unpublished work of the Greek orator Isaeus (1901), he was appointed full professor in 1902. In 1910, he succeeded S. Stanhope Orris in the Ewing Professorship. From 1921 to 1922 he was professor at the Annual American School of Classical Studies at Athens. In 1936 he became professor emeritus.
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Miroslav Marcovich Miroslav Marcovich (March 18, 1919 – June 14, 2001) was a Serbian-American philologist and university professor. Marcovich was born in Belgrade, Serbia. He studied at the University of Belgrade Faculty of Philosophy graduating in 1942. In 1943 he served as the assistant to Georg Ostrogorsky, expert in Byzantine studies. He served in the army under Josip Broz Tito during World War II between 1944 and 1946. In 1953 he traveled to India where he began working at Visva-Bharati University. In 1955 he moved to Mérida and worked as a professor of Ancient Greek and philosophy from 1955 to 1962 at the University of the Andes, Venezuela. In 1962, he taught at the University of Bonn invited by Hans Herter. Between 1963 and 1968 he taught at the University of Cambridge. He then moved in 1969 to the University of Illinois, Urbana, where he was the Head of the Department of Classics (1973–77), and taught there until his retirement in 1989. He also founded "Illinois Classical Studies" (Scholars Press) and served as its editor for 12 years. During those years he was a visiting professor at the University of Michigan, University of North Carolina, Trinity College, Dublin, and was an Einstein Visiting Fellow in Tel Aviv. During his lifetime Marcovich wrote and edited 45 books, including critical editions of the fragments of Heraclitus, of the "Vitae philosophorum" of Diogenes Laertius [2 v., Bibliotheca Teubneriana, 1999 (+ Indices, conf. H. Gaertner, 2002)] and the Bhagavad-Gita and 248 articles and essays in Spanish, German, Italian, French and Serbo-Croatian. He died June 14, 2001 at the Carle Foundation Hospital, Urbana, Illinois.
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Yates Professor of Classical Art and Archaeology The Yates Professorship of Classical Art and Archaeology is an endowed chair in classical archaeology at University College London. The chair is named in honour of James Yates (1789-1871), whose fortune was used to endow the chair in 1880.
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Night Thoughts of a Classical Physicist Night Thoughts of a Classical Physicist is an historical novel by historian of science Russell McCormmach, published in 1982 by Harvard University Press. Set in 1918, the book explores the world of physics in the early 20th century—including the advent of modern physics and the role of physicists in World War I—through the recollections of the fictional Viktor Jakob. Jakob is an old German physicist who spent most of his career during the period of classical physics, a paradigm being confronted by the rapid and radical developments of relativistic physics in 1900s and 1910s. This conflict allows for extensive examination of the various tensions placed on Jakob by the academic environment, the German academic system, and the changing academic culture of the early 20th century.
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Evelyn Abbott Evelyn Abbott ( ; 10 March 1843 – 3 September 1901) was an English classical scholar, born at Epperstone, Nottinghamshire. He was educated at Balliol College, Oxford, where he excelled both academically and in sports, winning the Gaisford Prize for Greek Verse in 1864, but after a fall in 1866 his legs became paralysed. He managed to graduate in spite of his handicap, and was elected fellow of Balliol in 1874. His best-known work is his "History of Greece" in three volumes (1888–1900), where he presents a sceptical view of the "Iliad" and the "Odyssey". Among his other works are "Elements of Greek Accidence" (1874), and translations of several German books on ancient history, language and philosophy. Abbott died at Knotsford Lodge, Great Malvern, in 1901, and was buried at Redlands Cemetery, near Cardiff.
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Christos Yannaras Christos Yannaras (Greek: Χρήστος Γιανναράς ; born 10 April 1935 in Athens) is a Greek philosopher, Eastern Orthodox theologian and author of more than 50 books, translated into many languages. He is Professor Emeritus of Philosophy at the Panteion University of Social and Political Sciences, Athens.
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Fritz Medicus Fritz Medicus (April 23, 1876-January 13, 1956) was a German-Swiss philosopher. He was awarded his doctorate while studying in Jena, with the publication of his dissertation, "Kant's transcendental aesthetics and non-euclidian geometry". He was the Chair of Philosophy at the Martin Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg, and moved to ETH Zurich in 1911. Medicus wrote in the tradition of German idealism.
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Hermann Schwarz (philosopher) Hermann Schwarz (December 22, 1864 in Düren, Rhenish Prussia – December 1951 in Darmstadt, West Germany) was a German philosopher. Educated at Halle, where he devoted himself to mathematics and to philosophy, he became professor at Marburg in 1908 and at Greifswald in 1910. His philosophy was not unlike that of Goswin Uphues. He edited the "Zeitschrift für Philosophie und philosophische Kritik". He wrote:
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Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel ( ; ] ; August 27, 1770 – November 14, 1831) was a German philosopher and an important figure of German idealism. He achieved wide renown in his day and, while primarily influential within the continental tradition of philosophy, has become increasingly influential in the analytic tradition as well. Although Hegel remains a divisive figure, his canonical stature within Western philosophy is universally recognized.
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George Boas George Boas ( ; 28 August 1891 – 17 March 1980) was a Professor of Philosophy at Johns Hopkins University. He received his education at Brown University, obtaining both a BA and MA in Philosophy there, after which he studied shortly at Columbia, and finally at UC Berkeley, where he earned his PhD in 1917.
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Julius Bahnsen Julius Friedrich August Bahnsen (March 30, 1830 – December 7, 1881) was a German philosopher. Bahnsen is usually considered the originator of characterology and a real-dialectical method of philosophical reflection which he laid down in his two-volume "Contributions to Characterology" (1867) and developed forth with his following works, amongst others his opus magnum "The Contradiction in the Knowledge and Being of the World" (1880/82).
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Max Scheler Max Ferdinand Scheler (] ; 22 August 1874 – 19 May 1928) was a German philosopher known for his work in phenomenology, ethics, and philosophical anthropology. Scheler developed further the philosophical method of the founder of phenomenology, Edmund Husserl, and was called by José Ortega y Gasset "the first man of the philosophical paradise." After his death in 1928, Martin Heidegger affirmed, with Ortega y Gasset, that all philosophers of the century were indebted to Scheler and praised him as "the strongest philosophical force in modern Germany, nay, in contemporary Europe and in contemporary philosophy as such." In 1954, Karol Wojtyła, later Pope John Paul II, defended his doctoral thesis on "An Evaluation of the Possibility of Constructing a Christian Ethics on the Basis of the System of Max Scheler."
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Arthur Schopenhauer Arthur Schopenhauer ( ; ] ; 22 February 1788 – 21 September 1860) was a German philosopher. He is best known for his 1818 work "The World as Will and Representation" (expanded in 1844), wherein he characterizes the phenomenal world as the product of a blind and insatiable metaphysical will. Proceeding from the transcendental idealism of Immanuel Kant, Schopenhauer developed an atheistic metaphysical and ethical system that has been described as an exemplary manifestation of philosophical pessimism, rejecting the contemporaneous post-Kantian philosophies of German idealism. Schopenhauer was among the first thinkers in Western philosophy to share and affirm significant tenets of Eastern philosophy (e.g., asceticism, the world-as-appearance), having initially arrived at similar conclusions as the result of his own philosophical work.
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Ioannis Theodorakopoulos Ioannis Theodorakopoulos (Greek: Ἰωάννης Θεοδωρακόπουλος ; 28 February 1900, Vassaras, Lakonia – 20 February 1981, Athens) was a Greek philosopher. In 1920 Theodorakopoulos moved to Vienna to study Classical Philology and Philosophy. Subsequently, he continued his studies of philosophy in Heidelberg and received in 1925 his Doctorate of Philosophy from the University of Heidelberg.
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Ioannis Chalkeus Ioannis Chalkeus (Aromanian: "Joan Chalkeus", Greek: Ιωάννης Χαλκεύς , 1667-between 1730 and 1740) or Chalkias, was an Aromanian scholar, philosopher and figure of the modern Greek Enlightenment.
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Wilhelm Dilthey Wilhelm Dilthey (] ; 19 November 1833 – 1 October 1911) was a German historian, psychologist, sociologist, and hermeneutic philosopher, who held G. W. F. Hegel's Chair in Philosophy at the University of Berlin. As a polymathic philosopher, working in a modern research university, Dilthey's research interests revolved around questions of scientific methodology, historical evidence and history's status as a science. He could be considered an empiricist, in contrast to the idealism prevalent in Germany at the time, but his account of what constitutes the empirical and experiential differs from British empiricism and positivism in its central epistemological and ontological assumptions, which are drawn from German literary and philosophical traditions.
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George Dickie (philosopher) George Dickie (born 1926 in Palmetto, Florida) is a Professor Emeritus of Philosophy at University of Illinois at Chicago. His specialities include aesthetics, philosophy of art and Eighteenth Century theories of taste.
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Friedrich Theodor Vischer Friedrich Theodor Vischer (] ; 30 June 1807 – 14 September 1887) was a German novelist, poet, playwright, and writer on the philosophy of art. Today, he is mainly remembered as the author of the novel "", in which he developed the concept of "Die Tücke des Objekts" (the spite of objects), a comic theory that inanimate objects conspire against humans.
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Paul-Louis Couchoud Paul-Louis Couchoud (] ), was born on July 6, 1879, at Vienne, Isère and died there on April 8, 1959. He was a French philosopher, a graduate from the prestigious École Normale Supérieure in Paris, a physician, a man of letters, and a poet. He became well known as an adapter of Japanese haiku into French, an editor of Reviews, a translator, and a writer promoting the German thesis of the non-historicity of Jesus Christ.