Chagnoald, was a bishop of Laon during the 7th century, from which collection of Germanic peoples that originated in the lands between the Lower and Middle Rhine in the 3rd century AD and eventually formed a large empire dominating much of western and central Europe during the Middle Ages?
57f59fa8e2160e586dd11673c02978ef
Chagnoald Chagnoald (Cagnoald, Cagnou) (died 633 AD) was a Frankish bishop of Laon during the 7th century. The family to which Chagnoald belonged is known as the Faronids, named after his brother Saint Faro, who was bishop of Meaux, while his sister was Saint Burgundofara, who founded the convent of Faremoûtiers. They were the children of the chancellor to Dagobert I, Chagneric.
86134af1c4d62c8b5d05ee60b484bf9f
Franks The Franks (Latin: "Franci" or "gens Francorum ") were a collection of Germanic peoples that originated in the lands between the Lower and Middle Rhine in the 3rd century AD and eventually formed a large empire dominating much of western and central Europe during the Middle Ages. The Frankish Empire ultimately led to the birth of modern France and Germany and thus the Franks are seen as the forebears of the French and German peoples (in addition to Austrians, the Dutch, Luxembourgers and some other European nations).
2149b56a9ac6e9179a8a25aec7ad4d67
Middle Angles The Middle Angles were an important ethnic or cultural group within the larger kingdom of Mercia in England in the Anglo-Saxon period.
15f78d60f0c434e6285121224f5889fa
Kingdom of Germany The Kingdom of Germany or German Kingdom (Latin: "Regnum Teutonicum" , "Teutonic Kingdom"; German: "Deutsches Reich" ) developed out of the eastern half of the former Carolingian Empire. Like Anglo-Saxon England and medieval France, it began as "a conglomerate, an assemblage of a number of once separate and independent... "gentes" [peoples] and "regna" [kingdoms]." East Francia ("Ostfrankenreich") was formed by the Treaty of Verdun in 843, and was ruled by the Carolingian dynasty until 911, after which the kingship was elective. The initial electors were the rulers of the stem duchies, who generally chose one of their own. After 962, when Otto I was crowned emperor, the kingdom formed the bulk of the Holy Roman Empire, which also included Italy (after 951), Bohemia (after 1004) and Burgundy (after 1032).
232dfc274c06be98e7a695687d01de45
Hungarian conquest of the Carpathian Basin The Hungarian conquest of the Carpathian Basin, also Hungarian conquest or Hungarian land-taking (Hungarian: "honfoglalás" : "conquest of the homeland"), was a series of historical events ending with the settlement of the Hungarians in Central Europe at the turn of the 9th and 10th centuries. Before the arrival of the Hungarians, three early medieval powers, the First Bulgarian Empire, East Francia and Moravia had fought each other for control of the Carpathian Basin. They occasionally hired Hungarian horsemen as soldiers. Therefore, the Hungarians who dwelt on the Pontic steppes east of the Carpathians were familiar with their future homeland when their "land-taking" started.
2e5fe123dfa2bfef1e73c1c113438eef
Middle Rhine Between Bingen and Bonn, Germany, the river Rhine flows as the Middle Rhine (German: "Mittelrhein" ) through the Rhine Gorge, a formation created by erosion, which happened at about the same rate as an uplift in the region, leaving the river at about its original level, and the surrounding lands raised. This gorge is quite deep, about 130 m from the top of the rocks down to the average water-line.
b39e6b70036ed4cc627596020bfbd532
Dulgubnii The Dulgubnii are a Germanic tribe mentioned in Tacitus' "Germania" (Chapter ) as living in what is today northwest Germany. Tacitus describes them being to the north of the Angrivarii and Chamavi, and as having moved from the north into the area once belonging to the Bructeri, between Ems, Lippe, and Weser. In this same area as the Dulgubnii, north of the Chamavi and Angrivarii, were the Chasuarii, and north of these, on the North Sea coast, where the Chauci. The Chasuarii's name is thought to derive from the River Hase which feeds into the middle of the Ems from the east, just northwest of the area associated with the Angrivarii, on the Weser. So from Tacitus it appears that the Dulgubnii probably lived near the Weser.
8b93d6b657ea59a4876517b733344b3c
Rhinelandic Rhinelandic is a term occasionally used for linguistic varieties of a region on both sides of the Middle and Lower Rhine river in Central West Germany, Belgium, the Netherlands, and Luxembourg. It has at least two distinct meanings which often can only be determined from the fine grain context in which the term is used. (This could be complicated at times since in German publications, local languages of villages or cities are commonly referred to as "the dialects" or "dialect", whereas the regiolects, which are dialects of Standard German in a linguistic sense, are hardly called so, but referred to using terms like "Rhinelandic", "Hessian" or "Bavarian", etc., that also name large compounds of related local languages
7f74fb4598e605aa4f682a6f9efc95e8
Old Prussians Old Prussians or Baltic Prussians (Old Prussian: "Prūsai"; German: "Pruzzen" or "Prußen"; Latin: "Pruteni" ; Latvian: "Prūši" ; Lithuanian: "Prūsai" ; Polish: "Prusowie" ; Kashubian: "Prësowié" ) refers to the indigenous peoples from a cluster of Baltic tribes that inhabited the region of Prussia. This region became the core of the later state of Prussia. It was located on the south-eastern shore of the Baltic Sea between the Vistula Lagoon to the west and the Curonian Lagoon to the east. The people spoke a language now known as Old Prussian and followed pagan Prussian mythology.
8dcdd33a27fa0b27e99b48c9b0f3640e
Romano-Germanic culture The term Romano-Germanic describes the conflation of Roman culture with that of various Germanic peoples in areas successively ruled by the Roman Empire and Germanic "barbarian monarchies".
abc19a9e638d09ea950ae2224914857d
House of Leyen The House of Leyen ("von der Leyen") is an ancient German family of high nobility, the origin of which can be traced to the middle of the 10th century, which had estates on the Moselle. Originally the family was named de Petra or by its castle in Gondorf (Cunthereve). Since the 14th century it has called itself von der Leyen. Its members had the hereditary office of sénéchal in the bishopric of Trier. They also had Adendorf near Bonn, Leiningen on the Hunsrück, the Lordship of Arenfels and St. Ingbert.
d685db04e0f17bc1732a995ed426f9af
Kingdom of the Lombards The Kingdom of the Lombards (Latin: "Regnum Langobardorum" ) also known as the Lombard Kingdom; later the Kingdom of (all) Italy (Latin: "Regnum totius Italiae" ), was an early medieval state established by the Lombards, a Germanic people, on the Italian Peninsula in the latter part of the 6th century. The king was traditionally elected by the highest-ranking aristocrats, the dukes, as several attempts to establish a hereditary dynasty failed. The kingdom was subdivided into a varying number of duchies, ruled by semi-autonomous dukes, which were in turn subdivided into gastaldates at the municipal level. The capital of the kingdom and the center of its political life was Pavia in the modern northern Italian region of Lombardy.
974e7c7316f1e73d340e0384c2b63a67
Imperial Knight The Free Imperial knights (German: "Reichsritter" Latin: "Eques imperii" ) were free nobles of the Holy Roman Empire, whose direct overlord was the Emperor. They were the remnants of the medieval free nobility ("edelfrei") and the ministeriales. What distinguished them from other knights, who were vassals of a higher lord, was the fact that they had been granted Imperial immediacy, and as such were the equals in most respects to the other individuals or entities, such as the secular and ecclesiastical territorial rulers of the Empire (margraves, dukes, princes, counts, archbishops, bishops, abbots, etc.) and the Free Imperial cities, that also enjoyed Imperial immediacy. However, unlike all of those, the Imperial knights did not possess the status of Estates ("Stände") of the Empire, and therefore were not represented, individually or collectively, in the Imperial Diet.
6d1eec20911ae716ccf88b0d1bf1dc02
Duchy of Bavaria The Duchy of Bavaria (German: "Herzogtum Bayern") was, from the sixth through the eighth century, a frontier region in the southeastern part of the Merovingian kingdom. It was settled by Bavarian tribes and ruled by dukes ("duces") under Frankish overlordship. A new duchy was created from this area during the decline of the Carolingian Empire in the late ninth century. It became one of the stem duchies of the East Frankish realm which evolved as the Kingdom of Germany and the Holy Roman Empire.
037227bdb0fc69e9bed3e381d578f61b
Dalcassians The Dalcassians (Irish: "Dál gCais" ] ) were a Gaelic Irish tribe, generally accepted by contemporary scholarship as being a branch of the Déisi Muman, that became a powerful group in Ireland during the 10th century. Their genealogies claimed descent from Cormac Cas, who is said to have lived in the 3rd century AD. Their known ancestors are the subject of "The Expulsion of the Déisi" tale and one branch of their blood-line went on to rule the petty kingdom of Dyfed in Wales during the 4th century; probably in alliance with Roman emperor, Magnus Maximus.
282c4f535bab627e9f698f2c672af070
Milesians (Irish) In the "Lebor Gabála Érenn", a medieval Irish Christian pseudo-history, the Milesians (Irish: "gairthear Mílidh Easpáinne" ) are the final race to settle in Ireland. They represent the Irish people. The Milesians are Gaels who sail to Ireland from Hispania after spending hundreds of years travelling the earth. When they land in Ireland they contend with the Tuatha Dé Danann, who represent the pagan gods. The two groups agree to divide Ireland between them: the Milesians take the world above, while the Tuath Dé take the world below (i.e. the Otherworld). They are named after the character Míl Espáine, which is the Irish form of the Latin "Miles Hispaniae" ("Soldier of Hispania"). Scholars believe that the tale is mostly an invention of medieval Christian writers.
ba8a2d53f5852006d47e100b321501b5
Münstermaifeld Münstermaifeld ( [ˌmʏnstɐˈmaɪfɛlt]) is a town in the district Mayen-Koblenz, in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It is part of the "Verbandsgemeinde" ("collective municipality") Maifeld. It is situated south-east of Mayen, a few km from the Moselle River and the castle Eltz. The first (b.c.) residents of the region were Celts. The old church is based on a Roman castle-tower. After the Romans, the Franks (Charlemagne) arrived in the 9th century. In the Middle Ages (1277) Münstermaifeld received town privileges and was governed by the bishop of Trier. It is one of the oldest towns in Rhineland-Palatinate and, with its 3,400 citizens, one of the smallest.
4a151a1e4563f724fae07ead6cb04b83
Aquitani The Aquitanians (Latin: Aquitani) were a people living in what is now southern Aquitaine and southwestern Midi-Pyrénées, France, called Gallia Aquitania by the Romans in the region between the Pyrenees, the Atlantic ocean, and the Garonne, present-day southwestern France. They were an ancient non-Indo-European population that lived in the northern slopes of the Pyrenees. They spoke the Aquitanian language, related to Old Basque. Classical authors such as Julius Caesar and Strabo clearly distinguish them from the other peoples of Gaul and Hispania (the Iberian Peninsula). With the process of Romanization, in the centuries of Roman Empire, they adopted the Latin Language (Vulgar Latin) and Roman civilization. Their old language, the Aquitanian language, was the substrate for the Gascon language (one of the Romance languages) spoken in Gascony.
f9d1e7a12cb6642ef0cd010e18033365
Middle High German Middle High German (abbreviated "MHG", German: "Mittelhochdeutsch" , abbr. "Mhd. ") is the term for the form of German spoken in the High Middle Ages. It is conventionally dated between 1050 and 1350, developing from Old High German and into Early New High German. High German is defined as those varieties of German which were affected by the Second Sound Shift; the Middle Low German and Middle Dutch languages spoken to the North and North West, which did not participate in this sound change, are not part of MHG.
a7df86b88a40f5a23970147c693a4315
Franconian languages Franconian (German: "Fränkisch" ; Dutch: "Frankisch" ) includes a number of West Germanic languages and dialects possibly derived from the languages and dialects originally spoken by the Franks from their ethnogenesis in the 3rd century AD. The languages that evolved in the northern and eastern lands of Francia included Low Franconian, of which present-day Dutch is the primary member, the West Central German Rhine Franconian and Central Franconian dialects (including Luxembourgish), as well as transitional High Franconian German dialects. Linguists have different views about whether these languages and dialects have descended from a single Franconian proto-language, also known as Istvaeonic.
d562dc9c847b3616c58692418c790df1
Achaemenid Empire The Achaemenid Empire ( ; c. 550–330 BC ), also called the First Persian Empire, was an empire based in Western Asia, founded by Cyrus the Great. Ranging at its greatest extent from the Balkans and Eastern Europe proper in the west to the Indus Valley in the east, it was one of the largest empires in history, spanning 5.5 million square kilometers, and was larger than any previous empire in history. It is equally notable for its successful model of a centralised, bureaucratic administration (through satraps under the King of Kings), for building infrastructure such as road systems and a postal system, the use of an official language across its territories, and the development of civil services and a large professional army. The empire's successes inspired similar systems in later empires. It is noted in Western history as the antagonist of the Greek city-states during the Greco-Persian Wars and for the emancipation of the Jewish exiles in Babylon.
d8a3dc6ca1574867f89e4f7abe8b26f6
Rhenish Franconia Rhenish Franconia (German: "Rheinfranken" ) or Western Franconia ("Westfranken") denotes the western half of the central German stem duchy of Franconia in the 10th and 11th century, with its residence at the city of Worms. The territory located on the banks of Rhine river roughly corresponded with the present-day state of Hesse and the adjacent Palatinate region in the south.