What type of surety was the Earl of Pembroke who participated in the battle at Lincoln castle in 1217?
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William Marshal, 2nd Earl of Pembroke William Marshal, 2nd Earl of Pembroke (French:"Guillaume") (1190 – 6 April 1231) was a medieval English nobleman and was one of Magna Carta sureties. He fought during the First Barons' War and was present at the Battle of Lincoln (1217).
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Battle of Lincoln (1217) The Second Battle of Lincoln occurred at Lincoln Castle on Saturday 20 May 1217, during the First Barons' War, between the forces of the future Louis VIII of France and those of King Henry III of England. Louis's forces were attacked by a relief force under the command of William Marshal, 1st Earl of Pembroke. Thomas, the Comte du Perche, commanding the French troops, was killed and Louis was expelled from his base in the southeast of England. The looting that took place afterwards is known as the "Lincoln Fair". The citizens of Lincoln were loyal to Louis so Henry's forces sacked the city.
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Stephen Longchamp Stephen Longchamp (died 1214) was an Anglo-Norman knight of the 12th and 13th centuries. His brother was William Longchamp, who was justiciar of England.
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Haverfordwest Castle Haverfordwest Castle (Welsh: "Castell Hwlffordd" ) is a castle located in the town centre at Haverfordwest, Pembrokeshire, south Wales, located in a naturally defensive position at the end of a strong, isolated ridge. The castle was established during Norman times in 1120 but much of the architecture remaining today is dated to 1290. For centuries the castle was an English stronghold.
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Roger de Montbegon Roger de Montbegon (Roger de Mumbezon, Roger de Mont Begon) (died 1226) was a landowner in northern England (especially or particularly Lancashire), Baron of Hornby, and one of the Magna Carta sureties.
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Ela of Salisbury, 3rd Countess of Salisbury Ela of Salisbury, 3rd Countess of Salisbury (1187 – 24 August 1261) was a wealthy English heiress and the "suo jure" Countess of Salisbury, having succeeded to the title in 1196 upon the death of her father, William FitzPatrick, 2nd Earl of Salisbury. Her husband William Longespée, an illegitimate half-brother of English kings Richard I and John assumed the title of 3rd Earl of Salisbury by right of his marriage to Ela, which took place in 1196 when she was nine years old.
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John de Warenne, 6th Earl of Surrey John de Warenne, 6th Earl of Surrey (1231 – c. 29 September 1304) was a prominent English nobleman and military commander during the reigns of Henry III of England and Edward I of England. During the Second Barons' War he switched sides twice, ending up in support of the king, for whose capture he was present at Lewes in 1264. Warenne was later appointed a Guardian of Scotland and featured prominently in Edward I's wars in Scotland.
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William Russell (knight) Sir William Russell (1257–1311) was an English nobleman, knight, and holder of a "moiety" of the feudal barony of North Cadbury, Somerset, but spent most of his life engaged in the administration and defence of the Isle of Wight, where he obtained by marriage the manor of Yaverland. He served as constable of Carisbrooke Castle, and sat in parliament on two occasions, firstly as burgess for Great Bedwyn, Wiltshire, and then for the County of Southampton. As a baron his military service was called on several times by King Edward I "Hammer of the Scots".
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Henry Herbert, 10th Earl of Pembroke Henry Herbert, 10th Earl of Pembroke, 7th Earl of Montgomery (3 July 173426 January 1794) was an English peer and politician. He was the son of Henry Herbert, 9th Earl of Pembroke, and was named after his father. His mother was Mary FitzWilliam, daughter of Richard FitzWilliam, 5th Viscount FitzWilliam. Through this marriage the Herberts in time inherited the substantial FitzWilliam properties in Dublin.
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Thomas de Beauchamp, 11th Earl of Warwick Thomas de Beauchamp, 11th Earl of Warwick, KG (c. 14 February 1313 – 13 November 1369) was an English nobleman and military commander during the Hundred Years' War. In 1348 he became one of the founders and the third Knight of the Order of the Garter.
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Edmund Tudor, 1st Earl of Richmond Edmund Tudor, 1st Earl of Richmond (11 June 1430 – 3 November 1456), also known as Edmund of Hadham (Welsh: "Edmwnd Tudur"), was the father of King Henry VII of England and a member of the Tudor family of Penmynydd, North Wales. Born to Owen Tudor and the dowager queen Catherine of Valois, Edmund was half-brother to Henry VI of England. After being raised for several years by Katherine de la Pole, Henry took an interest in Edmund's upbringing. Once he came to age, Edmund was granted a title and lands by Henry. Both Edmund and his brother Jasper, were each made advisers to the King as they were his remaining blood relatives.
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L'Histoire de Guillaume le Marechal L'Histoire de Guillaume le Marechal (English:"The History of William Marshal") is the verse biography of William Marshal, 1st Earl of Pembroke (1146 or 1147 – 14 May 1219), written shortly after his death at the request of his son, William Marshal, 2nd Earl of Pembroke. The biography is composed of 19,214 lines, in rhyming octosyllabic couplets, and was written in the Anglo-Norman language. It is the major extant text documenting Marshal's life. It was written based on the surviving account of his squire John D'Erlay. It can be used to provide insight into the two English kings, Richard I and his successor John, both of whom William served. The single surviving manuscript of the work, dating perhaps from the second quarter of the thirteenth century, was once in the collection of Sir Thomas Phillipps, and is now housed at the Pierpont Morgan Library in New York City, under the catalog number M888.
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Isabel de Forz, suo jure 8th Countess of Devon Isabel de Forz (Latinized as Isabella de Fortibus) (July 1237 – 10 November 1293) was the eldest daughter of Baldwin de Redvers, 6th Earl of Devon (1217–1245). On the death of her brother Baldwin de Redvers, 7th Earl of Devon in 1262 without children, she inherited "suo jure" (in her own right) the earldom and also the feudal barony of Plympton in Devon, and the Lordship of the Isle of Wight. After the early death of her husband and her brother before she was thirty years old, she inherited their estates and became one of the richest women in England, living mainly in Carisbrooke Castle on the Isle of Wight, which she held from the king as tenant-in-chief.
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Thomas de Beauchamp, 12th Earl of Warwick Thomas de Beauchamp, 12th Earl of Warwick, KG (16 March 1338 – 8 April 1401) was an English medieval nobleman, and one of the primary opponents of Richard II.
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William de Ferrers, 4th Earl of Derby William II de Ferrers, 4th Earl of Derby (c. 1168 – c. 1247) was a favourite of King John of England. He succeeded to the estate (but not the title) upon the death of his father, William de Ferrers, 3rd Earl of Derby, at the Siege of Acre in 1190. He was head of a family which controlled a large part of Derbyshire which included an area known as Duffield Frith.
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Richard de Grey Richard de Grey (died 1271) of Codnor, Derbyshire, was a landowner who held many important positions during the reign of Henry III of England, including Warden of the Isles (Channel Islands) 1226-1227, 1229-1230 and 1252-1254, and later both constable of Dover Castle and Warden of the Cinque Ports from 1258 irregularly to 1264.
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Alan of Galloway Alan of Galloway (born before 1199; died 1234), also known as Alan fitz Roland, was a leading thirteenth-century Scottish magnate. As the hereditary Lord of Galloway and Constable of Scotland, he was one of the most influential men in the Kingdom of Scotland and Irish Sea zone.
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William Marshal, 1st Earl of Pembroke William Marshal, 1st Earl of Pembroke (1146 or 1147 – 14 May 1219), also called William the Marshal (Norman French: "Williame le Mareschal"), was an Anglo-Norman soldier and statesman. He served four English kings – Henry II, his sons the "Young King" Henry, Richard I, and John, and John's son Henry III.
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John FitzRobert John FitzRobert (ca. 1190 - 1240) (de Clavering) is listed as one of the Surety Barons in Magna Carta (1215) where he is described as Lord of Warkworth Castle.
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Wiston Castle Wiston Castle (Welsh: "Castell Cas-wis" ) is a motte and bailey castle in the Pembrokeshire village of Wiston in south west Wales. The castle and village were founded by Wizo, a Flemish settler who was granted the land by Henry I of England after he had wrested control from the previous Welsh owners. The castle was captured by the Welsh on several occasions but on each occasion it was retaken. It was abandoned during the thirteenth century when the owner moved to nearby Picton Castle and is one of the best examples of its type in Wales. The castle is situated opposite St Mary Magdalene Church and there are approximately 75 steps leading up to it. It is in the care of Cadw and is a Grade I listed building.
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Alexander of Lincoln Alexander of Lincoln (died February 1148) was a medieval English Bishop of Lincoln, a member of an important administrative and ecclesiastical family. He was the nephew of Roger of Salisbury, a Bishop of Salisbury and Chancellor of England under King Henry I, and he was also related to Nigel, Bishop of Ely. Educated at Laon, Alexander served in his uncle's diocese as an archdeacon in the early 1120s. Unlike his relatives, he held no office in the government before his appointment as Bishop of Lincoln in 1123. Alexander became a frequent visitor to King Henry's court after his elevation to the episcopate, often witnessing royal documents, and he served as a royal justice in Lincolnshire.
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Maud Marshal Maud Marshal, Countess of Norfolk, Countess of Surrey (1192 – 27 March 1248) was an Anglo-Norman noblewoman and a wealthy co-heiress of her father William Marshal, 1st Earl of Pembroke, and her mother Isabel de Clare "suo jure" 4th Countess of Pembroke. Maud was their eldest daughter. She had two husbands: Hugh Bigod, 3rd Earl of Norfolk, and William de Warenne, 5th Earl of Surrey.