What is the Old Icelandic name of the jutish chieftain on whom Hamlet was based?
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Hamlet's Grave There are two sites in Denmark presented as Hamlet's Grave ("Hamlets Grav"), the burial site of Amleth ("Amlethus, Amlodi, Amblett"), the Jutish chieftain of historical legend on whom Hamlet, the hero of Shakespeare's tragedy was based; one is in the grounds of Marienlyst Castle in Helsingør, the other is a Bronze Age tumulus in Ammelhede, Randers Municipality, Jutland.
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Amleth Amleth (Latinized "Amlethus", Old Icelandic "Amlóði") is a figure in a medieval Scandinavian legend, the direct predecessor of the character of Prince Hamlet, the hero of William Shakespeare's tragedy "Hamlet, Prince of Denmark".
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Hagen (legend) Hagen (German form) or Högni ("Old Norse" Hǫgni, often anglicized as Hogni) is a Burgundian warrior in tales about the Burgundian kingdom at Worms. Hagen is often identified as a brother or half-brother of King Gunther (Old Norse "Gunnarr"). In the "Nibelungenlied" he is nicknamed "from Tronje".
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King Claudius King Claudius is a fictional character and the primary antagonist of William Shakespeare's tragedy "Hamlet". He is the brother to King Hamlet, second husband to Gertrude and uncle and later stepfather to Hamlet. He obtained the throne of Denmark by murdering his own brother with poison and then marrying the late king's widow. He is loosely based on the Jutish chieftain Feng who appears in "Chronicon Lethrense" and in Saxo Grammaticus' "Gesta Danorum". There had never been an actual Danish King of that name.
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Unferð In the Old English epic poem "Beowulf", Unferth or Hunferth is a thegn (a retainer, servant) of the Danish lord Hrothgar. His name appears four times in the poem (always spelled Hunferð), at lines 499, 530, 1165, and 1488, as well as in line 980 by the appellation "the son of Eclafes". The name "Unferth" does not appear in any Old English manuscript outside of the Nowell Codex, which contains "Beowulf", and the meaning of the name is disputed. Several scholarly theories about Unferth have been proposed. Unferth is also the name of a character in the modern novel "Grendel" by John Gardner, based upon the "Beowulf" epic.
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Hamlet's Father Hamlet's Father is a 2008 novella by Orson Scott Card, which retells the story of Shakespeare's "Hamlet" in modernist prose, and which makes several changes to the characters' motivations and backstory. It has drawn substantial criticism for its portrayal of King Hamlet as a pedophile who molested Laertes, Horatio, and Rosencrantz and Guildenstern, and implication that this in turn made them homosexuals.
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Ronald Ronald ( ) is a masculine given name derived from the Old Norse "Rögnvaldr". In some cases "Ronald" is an Anglicised form of the Gaelic "Raghnall", a name likewise derived from "Rögnvaldr". The latter name is composed of the Old Norse elements "regin" ("advice", "decision") and "valdr" ("ruler"). "Ronald" was originally used in England and Scotland, where Scandinavian influences were once substantial, although now the name is common throughout the English-speaking world. A short form of "Ronald" is "Ron". Pet forms of "Ronald" include "Roni", and "Ronnie". A feminine form of "Ronald" is "Ronalda". "Rhona", a modern name apparently only dating back to the late nineteenth century, may have originated as a feminine form of "Ronald". The names "Renaud"/"Renault" and "Reynold"/"Reinhold" are cognates from French and German, respectively.
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Jörð In Norse mythology, Jörð (Old Norse "jǫrð", "earth" pronounced ] , Icelandic Jörð, pronounced ] , sometimes Anglicized as Jord or Jorth; also called Jarð, ] as in Old East Norse), is a female jötunn. She is the mother of the thunder god Thor, son of Odin, and the personification of the Earth. Fjörgyn and Hlóðyn are considered to be other names for Jörð. Some scholars refer to Jörð as a goddess. Jörð's name appears in skaldic poetry both as a poetic term for the land and in kennings for Thor.
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Thorolf Kveldulfsson Thorolf Kveldulfsson (modern Icelandic: Þórólfur Kveld-Úlfsson) was the oldest son of Kveldulf Bjalfasson and brother of the Norwegian/Icelandic goði and skald Skalla-Grimr. His ancestor (great uncle) Hallbjorn was nicknamed "halftroll", possibly indicating Norwegian-Sami ancestry.
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Gunnar Hámundarson Gunnar Hámundarson was a 10th century Icelandic chieftain. He lived in Hlíðarendi in Fljótshlíð and is probably better known as Gunnar of Hlíðarendi (Old Norse: Gunnarr á Hlíðarenda). He features prominently in the first half of Njáls saga, which tells of the chain of events ultimately leading to his death in battle.
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Thor Longus Thor Longus or Thor the Long (fl. c. 1113 x 1124) is an early 12th-century Anglo-Saxon noble associated with Roxburghshire, a culturally English territory ruled by the Scottish king from the 11th-century onwards. A charter dating between 1107x1113 and 1124 claims that Thor the Long founded Ednam, previously a deserted waste granted to him by King Edgar of Scotland.
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Ögmundar þáttr dytts Ögmundar þáttr dytts ok Gunnars helmings is one of the Icelandic "þættir". It was written in the 14th century. It relates the story of Ögmundr dyttr, a cousin of Víga-Glúmr from Víga-Glúms saga. He is insulted in Norway and achieves revenge in a clever way. The second part of the saga relates the adventures of Gunnarr helmingr and his interaction with a cult of Freyr in Sweden.
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Hrothgar Hrothgar (Old English: "Hrōðgār" ] ; ) was a legendary Danish king living in the early 6th century.
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Norse clans The Scandinavian clan or ætt/ätt (pronounced ] in Old Norse) was a social group based on common descent.
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Harald Hardrada Harald Sigurdsson (Old Norse: "Haraldr Sigurðarson" ;  1015 – 25 September 1066), given the epithet Hardråde ("harðráði ", roughly translated as "stern counsel" or "hard ruler") in the sagas, was King of Norway (as Harald III) from 1046 to 1066. In addition, he unsuccessfully claimed the Danish throne until 1064 and the English throne in 1066. Prior to becoming king, Harald had spent around fifteen years in exile as a mercenary and military commander in Kievan Rus' and of the Varangian Guard in the Byzantine Empire.
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Sources of Hamlet The sources of "Hamlet", a tragedy by William Shakespeare believed to have been written between 1599 and 1601, trace back as far as pre-13th century Icelandic tales. The generic "hero-as-fool" story is so old and is expressed in the literature of so many cultures that scholars have hypothesized that it may be Indo-European in origin. A Scandinavian version of the story of Hamlet, Amleth or Amlóði (Norse for "mad", "not sane") was put into writing in the 12th century by Saxo Grammaticus around 1200 AD in the "Gesta Danorum" (from which Shakespeare borrowed). Similar accounts are found in the Icelandic "Saga of Hrolf Kraki" and the Roman legend of Lucius Junius Brutus, both of which feature heroes who pretend to be insane in order to get revenge. A reasonably accurate version of Saxo's story was translated into French in 1570 by François de Belleforest in his "Histoires Tragiques". Belleforest embellished Saxo's text substantially, almost doubling its length, and introduced the hero's melancholy.
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Horwendill Horwendill was a legendary Jutish chieftain, who is the prototype for William Shakespeare's King Hamlet, Prince Hamlet's father. He appears in "Chronicon Lethrense" and in Saxo Grammaticus' "Gesta Danorum" (book 3).
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Arwald Arwald (died 686 CE) was the last Jutish King of the Isle of Wight and last pagan king in Anglo-Saxon England until the Vikings in the 9th century. His name may have been "Arwald" or "Atwald" - Bede's script is often difficult to read. PASE has "Arwald".
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Harald Sigtryggsson Harald Sigtryggsson (Old Irish: "Aralt mac Sitric" ; Old Norse: "Haraldr" , died 940) was a Viking leader who ruled Limerick in the early 10th century. He was the son of Sitric Cáech and great-grandson of Ímar, making him one of the Uí Ímair. He was installed as king of Limerick following the capture of the previous king Olaf Scabby-head by Harald's cousin Olaf Guthfrithson, king of Dublin, during a battle at Lough Ree in 937. Harald died in 940 and was ultimately succeeded by Ivar of Limerick.
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Hector Mor Maclean, 16th Chief Hector Mor Maclean of Dowart (circa 1600–1626), or Eachann Mór Maclean in Scottish Gaelic, or Hector the Great, was the 16th Clan Chief of Clan MacLean from 1623 to his death in 1626. Mór or Mor translates as "great" when added to a name in Scottish Gaelic. He resided at Duart Castle on the Isle of Mull. He was the first Chief of MacLean to not produce an heir in four hundred years, breaking the direct male line from Gillean of the Battle Axe, the founder of the clan to himself. He was succeeded by his younger brother, Lachlan Maclean, 1st Baronet.
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Hen Ogledd Yr Hen Ogledd (] ), in English the Old North, is the region of Northern England and the southern Scottish Lowlands inhabited by the Celtic Britons of sub-Roman Britain and the Early Middle Ages. Its denizens spoke a variety of the Brittonic language known as Cumbric. The Hen Ogledd was distinct from the parts of northern Britain inhabited by the Picts, Anglo-Saxons, and Scoti as well as from Wales, although the people of the Hen Ogledd were the same Brittonic stock as the Picts, Welsh and Cornish, and the region loomed large in Welsh literature and tradition for centuries after its kingdoms had disappeared.
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Óttar (mythology) In Norse Mythology, Óttar, also known as Óttar the Simple, is a protégé of the goddess Freyja. He appeared in Hyndluljóð (the Lay of Hyndla), a poem in the Poetic Edda. In this tale, Óttar is said to be very pious to the goddesses. He built a shrine of stones, a hörgr, and on it made many offerings to Freyja. The goddess answered his prayers and went on a journey to help him find his pedigree. Freyja disguised Óttar as her boar Hildisvini (the Battle-Swine) and brought him to the giantess Hyndla, a seeress. There, Freyja forced Hyndla to tell Óttar about his ancestors, as well as to give him a memory potion so that he would remember all that he was told.