Many descendants from what directional region of Iceland are featured in literature from Iceland's "Saga Age"?
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Njarðvík (farm) Njarðvík (farm) or Njardvik (farm) is an ancient farm in northeast Iceland. The descendants of its settlers are featured in several of the Sagas of Icelanders.
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Sagas of Icelanders The Sagas of Icelanders (Icelandic: "Íslendingasögur" ), also known as family sagas, are prose narratives mostly based on historical events that mostly took place in Iceland in the 9th, 10th, and early 11th centuries, during the so-called Saga Age. They are the best-known specimens of Icelandic literature.
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Orkneyinga saga The Orkneyinga saga (also called the History of the Earls of Orkney) is an historical narrative of the history of the Orkney Islands, from their capture by the Norwegian king in the ninth century onwards until about 1200. The saga has "no parallel in the social and literary record of Scotland".
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Vinland sagas The Vinland Sagas are two Icelandic texts written independently of each other in the early thirteenth century; The Saga of the Greenlanders ("Grænlendinga Saga") and The Saga of Eric the Red, ("Eiríks Saga Rauða"). The sagas were written down between 1220 and 1280, much later than the initial time of action 970–1030.
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Names of Iceland There are numerous different names for Iceland, which have over the years appeared in poetry or literature.
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Norse mythology in popular culture The Norse mythology, preserved in such ancient Icelandic texts as the Poetic Edda, the Prose Edda, and other lays and sagas, was little known outside Scandinavia until the 19th century. With the widespread publication of Norse myths and legends at this time, references to the Norse gods and heroes spread into European literary culture, especially in Scandinavia, Germany, and Britain. In the later 20th century, references to Norse mythology became common in science fiction and fantasy literature, role-playing games, and eventually other cultural products such as Japanese animation.
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Sága and Sökkvabekkr In Norse mythology, Sága (] , possibly meaning "seeress") is a goddess associated with the wisdom Sökkvabekkr (] ; "sunken bank", "sunken bench", or "treasure bank"). At Sökkvabekkr, Sága and the god Odin merrily drink as cool waves flow. Both Sága and Sökkvabekkr are attested in the "Poetic Edda", compiled in the 13th century from earlier traditional sources, and in the "Prose Edda", written in the 13th century by Snorri Sturluson. Scholars have proposed theories about the implications of the goddess and her associated location, including that the location may be connected to the goddess Frigg's fen residence Fensalir and that Sága may be another name for "Frigg".
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Thorolf Kveldulfsson Thorolf Kveldulfsson (modern Icelandic: Þórólfur Kveld-Úlfsson) was the oldest son of Kveldulf Bjalfasson and brother of the Norwegian/Icelandic goði and skald Skalla-Grimr. His ancestor (great uncle) Hallbjorn was nicknamed "halftroll", possibly indicating Norwegian-Sami ancestry.
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Tale of Ragnar's Sons The Tale of Ragnar's sons (Old Norse: "Ragnarssona þáttr") is an Old Norse story about Ragnar Lodbrok and his sons.
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Garðar Svavarsson Garðarr Svavarsson (modern Icelandic: Garðar Svavarsson, modern Swedish: Gardar Svavarsson) was a Norseman who briefly resided in Iceland, according to the Sagas. He is said to be the second Scandinavian to reach the island of Iceland after Naddod. He and his family appear in the Icelandic Sagas with the principal source from Haukr Erlendsson's edition of Landnámabók.
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Ímar Ímar (Old Norse: "Ívarr" ; died c. 873) was a Viking leader in Ireland and Scotland in the mid-late ninth century who founded the Uí Ímair dynasty, and whose descendants would go on to dominate the Irish Sea region for several centuries. He was the son of the king of Lochlann, identified in the non-contemporary "Fragmentary Annals of Ireland" as Gofraid. The "Fragmentary Annals" name Auisle and Amlaíb Conung as his brothers. Another Viking leader, Halfdan Ragnarsson, is considered by some scholars to be another brother. The Irish Annals title Amlaíb, Ímar and Auisle "kings of the foreigners". Modern scholars use the title "kings of Dublin" after the Viking settlement which formed the base of their power. Some scholars consider Ímar to be identical to Ivar the Boneless, a Viking commander of the Great Heathen Army named in contemporary English sources who also appears in the Icelandic sagas as a son of the legendary Viking Ragnar Lodbrok.
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Munkaþverá (monastery) Munkaþverá (transliterated as "Munkathvera") was a Benedictine monastery in Eyjafjörður, Iceland. It was established around 1155 and was abolished when the country was reformed in 1550. The monastery is best known about its early Abbot Níkulás Bergsson and his famous publication "Leiðarvísir og borgarskipan", which was basically a guidebook for pilgrims about the routes from Northern Europe to Rome and Jerusalem. The monastery once was the home of such heroes of saga literature as Einar Þveræingur, Víga-Glúmr and Bergur Sokkason. It is believed to be the burial place of Sighvatur Sturluson and his sons who died in the Battle of Örlygsstaðir.
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Þorbjörg Lítilvölva Þorbjörg Lítilvölva (Thorbjörg) was a renowned Greenlandic Völva described in the Saga of Erik the Red.
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Hoddmímis holt In Norse mythology, Hoddmímis holt (Old Norse "Hoard-Mímir's" holt) is a location where Líf and Lífþrasir are foretold to survive the long winters of Fimbulvetr. Hoddmímis holt is attested in the "Poetic Edda", compiled in the 13th century from earlier traditional sources, and the "Prose Edda", written in the 13th century by Snorri Sturluson. Scholarly theories have been proposed about the location and its potential connection to the world tree Yggdrasil and folktales recorded from Germanic Europe.
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Buðli Buðli or "Budli" is the name of one or two legendary kings from the Scandinavian Legendary sagas.
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Hauksson Hauksson is an Icelandic patronymic, literally meaning "son of Hauk". Notable people with the name include:
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North Icelandic Benedictine School The North Icelandic Benedictine School ("Norðlenski Benediktskólinn") is a fourteenth-century Icelandic literary movement, the lives, activities, and relationships of whose members are attested particularly by "Laurentius saga biskups". This movement is characterised by an elaborate (or 'florid') rhetorical style new to Icelandic saga-writing at the time (known in English as the 'florid style', Scandinavian as the "florissante stil", and Icelandic as the "skrúðstíll"), with Latinate grammar, Latin and Low German loan-words; and, unusually for Icelandic sagas, which are usually anonymous, a close-knit network of identifiable authors (sometimes self-identified, sometimes named by others). The school is associated particularly with the Northern Icelandic Benedictine monasteries of Þingeyri and Munkaþverá in the diocese of Hólar, and with the students of Jón Halldórsson and Lárentíus Kálfsson.
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Nótt In Norse mythology, Nótt (Old Norse "night") is night personified, grandmother of Thor. In both the "Poetic Edda", compiled in the 13th century from earlier traditional sources, and the "Prose Edda", written in the 13th century by Snorri Sturluson, Nótt is listed as the daughter of a figure by the name of Nörvi (with variant spellings) and is associated with the horse Hrímfaxi, while the "Prose Edda" features information about Nótt's ancestry, including her three marriages. Nótt's third marriage was to the god Dellingr and this resulted in their son Dagr, the personified day (although some manuscript variations list Jörð as Dellingr's wife and Dagr's mother instead). As a proper noun, the word "nótt" appears throughout Old Norse literature.
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Alvaldi In Norse mythology, Alvaldi or Ölvaldi (Old Norse, 'the all-powerful one') was a giant and the father of Þjazi, Gangr and Iði as well as the grandfather of Skaði. According to "Skáldskaparmál", Ölvaldi was very rich in gold, and when he died his three sons divided his inheritance among themselves, measuring it out by each in turn taking a mouthful. For this reason the expressions "speech of Þjazi, Gangr or Iði" and "Iði's shining talk" are kennings for gold.
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Öræfasveit Öræfasveit (] ) or Öræfi (previously called Litlahérað) is a western region in Austur-Skaftafellssýsla, between Breiðamerkursandur and the river Skeiðará, east of the village of Kirkjubæjarklaustur and South, West and East of the Öræfajökull volcano. It has been a part of the municipality of Hornafjörður since 1998. In the Middle Ages, this region was called "Hérað" or "Litlahérað", but was deserted in the wake of the 1362 eruption of Öræfajökull and the subsequent flooding of the region. After these events the region was simply called "Öræfi" ("wilderness/desolation").
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Guðrún Ósvífrsdóttir Guðrún Ósvífursdóttir is the main protagonist of the Medieval Icelandic "Laxdœla saga", which recounts the history of the People of Laxárdalur. It is widely thought that the saga represents some historical fact. Guðrún was famed for her beauty and was married four times. Her marriages were foretold when she relayed four dreams to Gest to interpret, each represented one of the marriages to come. Her first marriage to Thorvaldr Halldorsson ended in divorce. It was a brief unhappy marriage, however after the divorce she acquired half of his estate. Her second husband Thord Ingunnarsson drowned at sea. She gave birth to his son soon after, naming him Thord.
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Northwestern Region (Iceland) Northwestern Region (Icelandic: "Norðurland vestra" ) is one of the traditional eight regions of Iceland, located in the north of the island. The biggest town in the region is Sauðárkrókur, with a population of 3000.