Deinanthe and Sphaeralcea, are which type of mutual entity?
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Deinanthe Deinanthe is a genus consisting of a few species of rare herbaceous-habit rhizomatous plants found in the mountain woodlands of East Asia, ranging from China to Japan. They are handsome clump-forming perennials good for shade, woodland and rock gardens. These attractive deciduous plants have relatively large "fishtail" leaves (cleft at the apex). Deinanthes grow at a slow rate to be bushy and shrub-like, 2ft tall and wide. The leaves attain 3 to 4 inches in length,being deep green, roughly textured, deep veined, cordate at their bases and with serrate margins. The shoots emerge from stout, knobby rhizomes. Leaves are easily damaged in direct sun exposure. Flowering occurs in late summer to early fall. The delicate, waxy, nodding cup-shaped flowers in rich to pale purple-blue, rose or white, are borne in loose terminal clusters. Resembling gargantuan fertile hydrangea flowers, with numerous yellowish to pale blue anthers, they are occasionally accompanied by sterile flowers, as in the lacecap hydrangeas. Roots and leaves are edible.
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Sphaeralcea Sphaeralcea is a genus of flowering plants in the mallow family (Malvaceae). There are about 40-60 species, including annuals, perennials, and shrubs. Most originate in the drier regions of North America, with some known from South America. They are commonly known as globemallows, globe mallows, or falsemallows. The name of the genus is derived from the Greek words σφαῖρα ("sphaira"), meaning "sphere," and αλκεα ("alkea"), meaning "mallow."
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Sphaerocoryne affinis Sphaerocoryne affinis (notable synonyms: Mitrella mesnyi) is a species of flowering plant in the soursop family, Annonaceae. The fragrant flowers of "Sphaerocoryne affinis" are highly regarded in Cambodia and Thailand.
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Dinoflagellate The dinoflagellates (Greek δῖνος "dinos" "whirling" and Latin "flagellum" "whip, scourge") are a large group of flagellate eukaryotes that constitute the phylum Dinoflagellata. Most are marine plankton, but they are common in freshwater habitats, as well. Their populations are distributed depending on temperature, salinity, or depth. Many dinoflagellates are known to be photosynthetic, but a large fraction of these are in fact mixotrophic, combining photosynthesis with ingestion of prey (phagotrophy). In terms of number of species, dinoflagellates form one of the largest groups of marine eukaryotes, although this group is substantially smaller than the diatoms. Some species are endosymbionts of marine animals and play an important part in the biology of coral reefs. Other dinoflagellates are unpigmented predators on other protozoa, and a few forms are parasitic (see for example "Oodinium", "Pfiesteria"). Some dinoflagellates produce resting stages, called dinoflagellate cysts or dinocysts, as part of their lifecycles.
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Danthonioideae Danthonioideae is a mainly southern hemisphere subfamily of grasses, containing the single tribe Danthonieae and three unplaced genera, with altogether roughly 300 species. It includes herbaceous to partially woody perennial or annual (less common) grasses that grow in open grasslands, shrublands, and woodlands. It belongs to the PACMAD clade of grasses, but unlike some other lineages in that clade, grasses in the Danthonioideae exclusively use the C photosynthetic pathway. Its sister group is the subfamily Chloridoideae.
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Gayralia In taxonomy, Gayralia is a genus of green algae, specifically of the Monostromataceae.
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Sphaerognomoniella Sphaerognomoniella is a genus of fungi within the Diaporthales order, class Sordariomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the order is unknown ("incertae sedis"). According to the 2007 Outline of Ascomycota, the placement of this genus in the Diapthorales order is uncertain.
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Phyllanthus Phyllanthus is the largest genus in the flowering plant family Phyllanthaceae. Estimates of the number species in this genus vary widely, from 750 to 1200. "Phyllanthus" has a remarkable diversity of growth forms including annual and perennial herbs, shrubs, climbers, floating aquatics, and pachycaulous succulents. Some have flattened leaflike stems called cladodes. It has a wide variety of floral morphologies and chromosome numbers and has one of the widest range of pollen types of any seed plant genus.
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Cyathea sect. Sphaeropteris Sphaeropteris is a section in the monotypic subgenus Sphaeropteris. The name was originally applied to a genus of tree ferns which is now considered to be synonymous with "Cyathea".
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Dictyochloropsis reticulata Dictyochloropsis reticulata is a species of green algae in the Microthamniales. It is a known as a photobiont (photosynthetic symbiont) with several lichen species, like "Lobaria pulmonaria", but also as a free-living soil alga as well. Phylogenetic analysis of rRNA sequence data revealed that the species shares a sister group relationship with two other green algae that lack motile stages, "Chlorella saccharophila" and "C. luteoviridis".
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SAR supergroup Sar or Harosa (informally the SAR supergroup) is a clade that includes stramenopiles (heterokonts), alveolates, and Rhizaria. The first letter of each group provides the "SAR" in the name (alternatively spelled "RAS").
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Dionycha The Dionycha are a clade of spiders (Araneomorphae:Entelegynae), characterized by the possession of two tarsal claws with tufts of hairs (setae) beside them, which produce strong adhesion, enabling some species to climb glass. The circumscription of the group has varied widely; a 2014 analysis resulted in about 20 families, including Salticidae (jumping spiders), Thomisidae (crab spiders), and Clubionidae. Spiders in this group have better senses (sight, hearing) than others, some even show courtship dances and songs.
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Parasitism In biology/ecology, parasitism is a non-mutual relationship between species, where one species, the parasite, benefits at the expense of the other, the host. Traditionally "parasite" (in biological usage) referred primarily to organisms visible to the naked eye, or macroparasites (such as helminths). Parasites can be microparasites, which are typically smaller, such as protozoa, viruses, and bacteria. Examples of parasites include the plants mistletoe and cuscuta, and animals such as hookworms.
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Cheilanthoideae Cheilanthoideae is one of the five subfamilies of the Pteridaceae family of ferns.
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Sphaerina Sphaerina is a genus of flies in the family Tachinidae.
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Sphaeronassa Sphaeronassa is a genus of sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Nassariidae, the Nassa mud snails or dog whelks.
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Trichosphaeriales The Trichosphaeriales are an order of sac fungi. It is monotypic, and consists of the single family, the Trichosphaeriaceae.
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Therochelonia Therochelonia is a group of dicynodont therapsids. The group was named by British paleontologist Harry Seeley in 1894 and fell into disuse in the following century. Therochelonia was redefined as a node-based clade in 2009. It is defined as the last common ancestor of "Cistecephalus microrhinus" and "Dicynodon lacerticeps", and all of its descendants. Below is a simplified cladogram from Kammerer "et al." (2011) showing the phylogenetic placement of Therochelonia:
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Trophic mutualism Trophic mutualism is a key type of ecological mutualism. Specifically, "trophic mutualism" refers to the transfer of energy and nutrients between two species. This is also sometimes known as resource-to-resource mutualism. Trophic mutualism often occurs between an autotroph and a heterotroph. Although there are many examples of trophic mutualisms, the heterotroph is generally a fungus or bacteria. This mutualism can be both obligate and opportunistic.
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Sphaerium nucleus Sphaerium nucleus is a freshwater bivalve of the family Sphaeriidae.
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Soritacea The Soritacea are a group of miliolid benthic foraminifera with porcellaneous tests. They take on a variety of growth forms but typically have many chambers. Some soritids can grow over a centimeter across, huge for protists. All Soritacea keep algal endosymbionts, which may be what allows them to achieve such large sizes. Some species have red algal symbionts, some have green algal symbionts, and others dinoflagellate symbionts. These larger symbiont-bearing foraminifera are typically found in the oligotrophic waters of the tropics.
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Sphaeranthus indicus Sphaeranthus indicus is a flowering plant of the genus "Sphaeranthus". It is distributed throughout India and has been studied for its potential health-promoting properties, primarily as an anti-inflammatory. Sphaeranthus indicus Linn. (Asteraceae) is widely used in "Ayurvedic" system of medicine in various conditions like epilepsy, mental illness, hemicrania, jaundice, hepatopathy, diabetes, leprosy, fever, pectoralgia, cough, gastropathy, hernia, hemorrhoids, helminthiasis, dyspepsia and skin diseases. In different parts of India "Sphaeranthus indicus" is known by different common names as below.