What year was the high strength synthetic fiber, which was the subject of a lawsuit between DuPont and Kolon Industries, developed?
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DuPont v. Kolon Industries DuPont v. Kolon Industries is an intellectual property lawsuit centering on the allegation that Kolon Industries (of ), a South Korea-based company, stole trade secrets concerning the production and marketing of Kevlar from DuPont, an American chemical company. Kevlar is a high strength synthetic fiber used in applications as diverse as bicycle tires and body armor. On September 14, 2011, a jury found in favour of DuPont and awarded damages of $919.9 million. A 2015 settlement reduced the damages to $275 million.
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Kevlar Kevlar is the registered trademark for a para-aramid synthetic fiber, related to other aramids such as Nomex and Technora. Developed by Stephanie Kwolek at DuPont in 1965, this high-strength material was first commercially used in the early 1970s as a replacement for steel in racing tires. Typically it is spun into ropes or fabric sheets that can be used as such or as an ingredient in composite material components.
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Ban-Lon Ban-Lon (sometimes spelled BanLon or Banlon) is a trademarked, multistrand, continuous-filament synthetic yarn used in the retail clothing industry. It is artificially crimped in order to achieve greater bulk than ordinary yarns. It is frequently associated with 1950s and 1960s American clothing and culture, and at the time was most commonly used to make sweaters.
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Nanofiber Nanofibers are fibers with diameters in the nanometer range. Nanofibers can be generated from different polymers and hence have different physical properties and application potentials. Examples of natural polymers include collagen, cellulose, silk fibroin, keratin, gelatin and polysaccharides such as chitosan and alginate. Examples of synthetic polymers include poly(lactic acid) (PLA), polycaprolactone (PCL), polyurethane (PU), poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA), poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV), and poly(ethylene-co-vinylacetate) (PEVA). Polymer chains are connected via covalent bonds. The diameters of nanofibers depend on the type of polymer used and the method of production. All polymer nanofibers are unique for their large surface area-to-volume ratio, high porosity, appreciable mechanical strength, and flexibility in functionalization compared to their microfiber counterparts.
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Polyethylene naphthalate Polyethylene naphthalate (poly(ethylene 2,6-naphthalate or PEN) is a polyester with good barrier properties (even better than Polyethylene terephthalate). Because it provides a very good oxygen barrier, it is particularly well-suited for bottling beverages that are susceptible to oxidation, such as beer. It is also used in making high performance sailcloth. It also has been found to show supreme scintillation properties and is expected to replace classic plastic scintillators.
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EPDM rubber EPDM rubber (ethylene propylene diene monomer (M-class) rubber), a type of synthetic rubber, is an elastomer characterized by a wide range of applications. The "M" refers to its classification in ASTM standard D-1418; the "M" class includes rubbers having a saturated chain of the polymethylene type. Dienes currently used in the manufacture of EPDM rubbers are dicyclopentadiene (DCPD), ethylidene norbornene (ENB), and vinyl norbornene (VNB). EPDM rubber is closely related to ethylene propylene rubber: ethylene propylene rubber is a copolymer of ethylene and propylene, whereas EPDM rubber is a terpolymer of ethylene, propylene, and a diene-component.
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Stride Rite Corporation Stride Rite, formerly the Stride Rite Corporation and stylized as stride rite, is an American company that develops, manufactures and markets children's footwear in the United States of America and international markets. It is a major marketer of athletic and casual footwear for children and adults. In addition to the Stride Rite brand, the company is known for designing and manufacturing footwear for co-brands from the Wolverine World Wide group under the following owned or licensed brands: Keds, Grasshoppers, Robeez, Saucony, Sperry Top-Sider, Merrell, Hush Puppies, and Jessica Simpson Kids. They also owned the rights to the defunct children's brand Zips.
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Dalkon Shield The Dalkon Shield was a contraceptive intrauterine device (IUD) developed by the Dalkon Corporation and marketed by the A.H. Robins Company. The Dalkon Shield was found to cause severe injury to a disproportionately large percentage of its users, which eventually led to numerous lawsuits in which juries awarded millions of dollars in compensatory and punitive damages.
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Wallace Carothers Wallace Hume Carothers ( ; April 27, 1896 – April 29, 1937) was an American chemist, inventor and the leader of organic chemistry at DuPont, credited with the invention of nylon.
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Imprelis Imprelis is a selective herbicide created by DuPont. The active ingredient is aminocyclopyrachlor, a synthetic auxin.
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Curran (material) Curran is a material based on cellulose nanofibers from sugarbeet, carrots, or other tubers, extracted from food industry waste. Its fibers are twice as strong as carbon fibers and hold promise for a wide range of industrial and technological applications. The material is produced and marketed by the Scottish company Cellucomp. According to the company, curran is gaelic for carrot, another source of the material.
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Nylon 11 Nylon 11 or Polyamide 11 (PA 11) is a polyamide and bioplastic , a member of the nylon family of polymers. It is produced from castor beans by Arkema under the trade name Rilsan. It is produced by polymerization of 11-aminoundecanoic acid.
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TenCate Advanced Composites TenCate Advanced Composites is a multi-national producer and supplier of advanced composite materials. In the twentieth century, it developed a range of high-performance thermoplastic composites and thermoset pre-preg resins that are used today in a broad spectrum of applications.
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Polyglycolide Polyglycolide or poly(glycolic acid) (PGA), also spelled as polyglycolic acid, is a biodegradable, thermoplastic polymer and the simplest linear, aliphatic polyester. It can be prepared starting from glycolic acid by means of polycondensation or ring-opening polymerization. PGA has been known since 1954 as a tough fiber-forming polymer. Owing to its hydrolytic instability, however, its use has initially been limited. Currently polyglycolide and its copolymers (poly(lactic-"co"-glycolic acid) with lactic acid, poly(glycolide-"co"-caprolactone) with ε-caprolactone and poly (glycolide-"co"-trimethylene carbonate) with trimethylene carbonate) are widely used as a material for the synthesis of absorbable sutures and are being evaluated in the biomedical field.
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ThermaSAVE ThermaSAVE is a panel building system which uses a 4 to 12-inch-thick core of expanded polystyrene (similar to Styrofoam) sandwiched between two sheets of cellulose fiber-reinforced cement board varying in thickness from 3/8 to 7/16 inch, depending on structural requirements. This creates a "stress skinned" panel, also known as structural insulated panels (SIPs). Since c. 1984 H.H. "Hoot" Haddock from Florence, Alabama has been working on perfecting a polystyrene-based building system that would be faster and easier to construct than wood framed buildings, while having superior insulation and strength.
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Zetex (fabric) Zetex fabrics were invented by Bal Dixit in 1978. This highly texturized fiberglass fabric exhibits many of the same properties as asbestos, such as resistance to heat, corrosion and rot resistance, outstanding electrical properties, ability to withstand moltenmetal, and thermal insulation. However, it does not carry the same health risks.
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Qiana Qiana is a silky nylon fiber developed in 1962 at the DuPont Experimental Station by Stanley Brooke Speck. The fiber was named Qiana when introduced by DuPont in 1968. Initially intended for high-end fashions, it became a popular material in the 1970s for faux-silk men's shirts, displaying bold patterns. The shirts were generally cut tight and included wide collars to fit over the collars of the double-knit suit coats which were worn popularly to discos.
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Innegra S Innegra S is the brandname of Innegra Technologies LLC for a polyolefin (highly oriented; 90+% polypropylene).
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Zytel Zytel is a trademark owned by DuPont and used for a number of different high strength, abrasion and impact resistant thermoplastic polyamide formulations of the family more commonly known as nylon. The Zytel product line is based mostly on nylon 66, but also includes grades based on nylon 6 as a matrix, long chain nylons such as nylon 610 (if based on at least one renewable monomer they are branded Zytel RS), and copolymers including a transparent resin called Zytel 330. Resins based on polyphthalamides are branded 'Zytel HTN'. The Zytel product range takes advantage of the fact that nylons are one of the most compatible polymers with modifiers and so offers grades with varying degrees of fiberglass, from 13% to 60%, (to increase stiffness and strength), rubber toughened resins, flame retarded grades. Nylon resins with mineral reinforcement are branded 'Minlon'.
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Ziploc Ziploc is a brand of reusable, re-sealable zipper storage bags and containers originally developed and test marketed by The Dow Chemical Company in 1968, and now produced by S. C. Johnson & Son.
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Reinforced thermoplastic pipe Reinforced thermoplastic pipe (RTP) is a generic term referring to a reliable high strength synthetic fibre (such as glass, aramid or carbon), initially developed in the early 1990s by Wavin Repox, Akzo Nobel and by Tubes d'Aquitaine from France, who developed the first pipes reinforced with synthetic fibre to replace medium pressure steel pipes in response to growing demand for non-corrosive conduits for application in the onshore oil and gas industry, particularly in the Middle East.
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Foam rubber Foam rubber (also known as cellular, sponge, or expanded rubber) refers to rubber that has been manufactured with a foaming agent to create an air-filled matrix structure. Commercial foam rubbers are generally made of either polyurethane or natural latex. Latex foam rubber, used in mattresses, is well known for its endurance.