What is the historical name of the acid that dissolves phenazine?
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Phenazine Phenazine is an organic compound with the formula (CH)N. It is a dibenzo annulated pyrazine, and the parent substance of many dyestuffs, such as the toluylene red, indulines, and safranines (and the closely related eurhodines). Phenazine crystallizes in yellow needles, which are only sparingly soluble in alcohol. Sulfuric acid dissolves it, forming a deep-red solution.
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Sulfuric acid Sulfuric acid (alternative spelling sulphuric acid) is a highly corrosive strong mineral acid with the molecular formula HSO and molecular weight 98.079 g/mol. It is a pungent-ethereal, colorless to slightly yellow viscous liquid that is soluble in water at all concentrations. Sometimes, it is dyed dark brown during production to alert people to its hazards. The historical name of this acid is oil of vitriol.
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Hydroxyzine Hydroxyzine, sold under the brand names Atarax and Vistaril among others, is a first-generation antihistamine. It was first synthesized by Union Chimique Belge in 1956 and was marketed by Pfizer in the United States later the same year, and is still widely used today.
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CR gas CR gas or dibenzoxazepine (also referred to as DBO), or its chemical name dibenz["b","f"][1,4]oxazepine, is an incapacitating agent and a lachrymatory agent. CR was developed by the British Ministry of Defence as a riot control agent in the late 1950s and early 1960s. A report from the Porton Down laboratories described exposure as "like being thrown blindfolded into a bed of stinging nettles", and it earned the nickname "firegas".
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Pentafluorobenzoic acid Pentafluorobenzoic acid (PFBA) is an organofluorine compound with the formula CFCOH. It is a white crystalline powder that has a high solubility in water. Its pK of 1.48 indicates that it is a strong acid.
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Ammonium acetate Ammonium acetate, also known as spirit of Mindererus in aqueous solution, is a chemical compound with the formula NHCHCO. It is a white, hygroscopic solid and can be derived from the reaction of ammonia and acetic acid. It is available commercially.
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Phenformin Phenformin is an antidiabetic drug from the biguanide class. It was marketed as DBI by Ciba-Geigy, but was withdrawn from most markets in the late 1970s due to a high risk of lactic acidosis, which was fatal in 50% of cases.
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Phenoxypropazine Phenoxypropazine (trade name Drazine) is an irreversible and non-selective monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) of the hydrazine family. It was introduced as an antidepressant in 1961, but was subsequently withdrawn in 1966 due to hepatotoxicity concerns.
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Peroxybenzoic acid Peroxybenzoic acid is a simple peroxy acid. It may be synthesized from benzoic acid and hydrogen peroxide, or by the treatment of benzoyl peroxide with sodium methoxide, followed by acidification.
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Coronene Coronene (also known as superbenzene) is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) comprising six peri-fused benzene rings. Its chemical formula is C24H12 . It is a yellow material that dissolves in common solvents including benzene, toluene, and dichloromethane. Its solutions emit blue light fluorescence under UV light. It has been used as a solvent probe, similar to pyrene.
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Turpinite Turpinite, also called Turpenite, is a fictional war gas allegedly developed by the French chemist Eugène Turpin and deployed against the attacking German army during the first months of World War I. According to contemporary accounts, Turpinite, delivered by artillery shells, silently and suddenly killed any person within 400 yd of impact with its fumes. Survivors of Turpinite barrages reported a strong chemical smell after an attack. In reality, this smell was a side effect of the explosives used by the French and British militaries during the war. The widespread, sudden deaths caused by artillery were in many cases caused by concussion, which leaves no mark on the victim. After the war, German scientist Fritz Haber, who pioneered German gas attacks at the Second Battle of Ypres, said German soldiers had reported a strong chemical smell attributed to turpenite. Haber and others investigated, finding the smell was due to incomplete combustion of the picric acid used in British artillery shells. The belief that the French used chemical weapons in 1914 may have contributed to later German use of such weapons.
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Hippuric acid Hippuric acid (Gr. "hippos", horse, "ouron", urine) is a carboxylic acid found in the urine of horses and other herbivores. Hippuric acid crystallizes in rhombic prisms which are readily soluble in hot water, melt at 187 °C, and decompose at about 240 °C. High concentrations of hippuric acid may also indicate a toluene intoxication; however, scientists have called this correlation into question because there are other variables that affect levels of hippuric acid. When many aromatic compounds such as benzoic acid and toluene are taken internally, they are converted to hippuric acid by reaction with the amino acid, glycine.
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Phenoxazine Phenoxazine is a heterocyclic compound. The structure of phenoxazine consists of an oxazine fused to two benzene rings. It occurs as the central core of a number of naturally occurring chemical compounds such as dactinomycin and litmus. The dyes Nile blue and Nile red are also based on a phenoxazine core.
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Phenylpiracetam hydrazide Phenylpiracetam hydrazide, also known as fonturacetam hydrazide, is a designer drug that is a derivative of phenylpiracetam in which the amide group is replaced with a hydrazide group. It was first reported by a Russian research group in 1980 as part of a series of chemical compounds investigated as anticonvulsants. In an electroshock test it was found to have an ED of 310 mg/kg.
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Alizarin Alizarin or 1,2-dihydroxyanthraquinone (also known as Mordant Red 11 and Turkey Red) is an organic compound with formula C14H8O4 that has been used throughout history as a prominent red dye, principally for dyeing textile fabrics. Historically it was derived from the roots of plants of the madder genus. In 1869, it became the first natural pigment to be duplicated synthetically.
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Piperic acid Piperic acid is a chemical often obtained by the base-hydrolysis of the alkaloid piperine from black pepper, followed by acidification of the corresponding salt. Piperic acid is an intermediate in the synthesis of other compounds such as piperonal, and as-such may be used to produce fragrances, perfumes flavorants and drugs as well as other useful compounds.
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2,3-Dimercapto-1-propanesulfonic acid 2,3-Dimercapto-1-propanesulfonic acid (abbreviated DMPS) and its sodium salt (known as Unithiol) are chelating agents that form complexes with various heavy metals. They are related to dimercaprol, which is another chelating agent.
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Naphthionic acid Naphthionic acid is an organic compound with the formula CH(SOH)(NH). It is one of several aminonaphthalenesulfonic acids, derivatives of naphthalene containing both amine and sulfonic acid functional groups. It is a white solid, although commercial samples can appear gray. It is used in the synthesis of azo dyes such as Rocceline (a. k. a. Solid Red A), during which the amino group of the acid (in the form of a salt) is diazotated and then coupled with, in the case mentioned, β-naphthol. It is prepared by treating 1-aminonaphthalene with sulfuric acid.
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Propiophenone Propiophenone (shorthand: benzoylethane or BzEt) is an aryl ketone. It is a colorless, sweet-smelling liquid that is insoluble in water, but miscible with organic solvents. It is used in the preparation of other compounds.
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Phenothiazine Phenothiazine, abbreviated PTZ, is an organic compound that has the formula S(CH)NH and is related to the thiazine-class of heterocyclic compounds. Although the parent compound has no uses, derivatives of phenothiazine are highly bioactive and have widespread use and rich history. The derivative chlorpromazine revolutionized the field of psychiatry and allergy treatment. An earlier derivative, methylene blue, was one of the first antimalarial drugs, and as of 2015 derivatives are under investigation as possible anti-infective drugs. Phenothiazine is a prototypical pharmaceutical lead structure in medicinal chemistry.
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Sodium formate Sodium formate, HCOONa, is the sodium salt of formic acid, HCOOH. It usually appears as a white deliquescent powder.
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Tonic water Tonic water (or Indian tonic water) is a carbonated soft drink in which quinine is dissolved. Originally used as a prophylactic against malaria, tonic water usually now has a significantly lower quinine content and is consumed for its distinctive bitter flavour. It is often used in mixed drinks, particularly in gin and tonic.