Who is a French scholar that specialized in Physics and astronomy?
ac4c50275f5be00b7dba75145e72adb3
Euler's three-body problem In physics and astronomy, Euler's three-body problem is to solve for the motion of a particle that is acted upon by the gravitational field of two other point masses that are fixed in space. This problem is exactly solvable, and yields an approximate solution for particles moving in the gravitational fields of prolate and oblate spheroids. This problem is named after Leonhard Euler, who discussed it in memoirs published in 1760. Important extensions and analyses were contributed subsequently by Lagrange, Liouville, Laplace, Jacobi, Darboux, Le Verrier, Velde, Hamilton, Poincaré, Birkhoff and E. T. Whittaker, among others.
70ff14100c79dc380b968611f4089c16
Pierre-Simon Laplace Pierre-Simon, marquis de Laplace ( ; ] ; 23 March 1749 – 5 March 1827) was an influential French scholar whose work was important to the development of mathematics, statistics, physics and astronomy. He summarised and extended the work of his predecessors in his five-volume "Mécanique Céleste" ("Celestial Mechanics") (1799–1825). This work translated the geometric study of classical mechanics to one based on calculus, opening up a broader range of problems. In statistics, the Bayesian interpretation of probability was developed mainly by Laplace.
e78ffa9ad81fe57059f06fba97f3b869
List of French astronomers The following are list of French astronomers, astrophysicists and other notable French people who have made contributions to the field of astronomy. They may have won major prizes or awards, developed or invented widely used techniques or technologies within astronomy, or are directors of major observatories or heads of space-based telescope projects.
208487cc6d1b79ccfb433e3faa11ec19
Carl Friedrich Gauss Johann Carl Friedrich Gauss ( ; German: "Gauß" , ] ; Latin: "Carolus Fridericus Gauss" ) (30 April 177723 February 1855) was a German mathematician who contributed significantly to many fields, including number theory, algebra, statistics, analysis, differential geometry, geodesy, geophysics, mechanics, electrostatics, magnetic fields, astronomy, matrix theory, and optics.
24845c618381b5afbb8fd6707139da9d
Alain Maury Alain J. Maury (born 1958) is a French astronomer.
59bf86ea014fa17c75685b11a6294368
Antoine Lavoisier Antoine-Laurent de Lavoisier (also Antoine Lavoisier after the French Revolution; ] ; 26 August 17438 May 1794;) was a French nobleman and chemist central to the 18th-century chemical revolution and had a large influence on both the history of chemistry and the history of biology. He is widely considered in popular literature as the "father of modern chemistry".
f82a6e7fed041eb856b2a515017052a9
Roger Balian Roger Balian (born January 18, 1933) is a French-Armenian physicist who has worked on quantum field theory, quantum thermodynamics, and theory of measurement.
a6920d2b0bbad8075c0f1f0b75cfb59a
Jean Léonard Marie Poiseuille Jean Léonard Marie Poiseuille (] ; 22 April 1797 – 26 December 1869) was a French physicist and physiologist.
28addd22c504b9b4af147b9cb5df874b
Pierre Bouguer Pierre Bouguer (] ) (16 February 1698, Croisic – 15 August 1758, Paris) was a French mathematician, geophysicist, geodesist, and astronomer. He is also known as "the father of naval architecture".
a4f4e4844d303622457e48fcb3ec7764
Louis Leprince-Ringuet Louis Leprince-Ringuet (27 March 1901, Alès – 23 December 2000, Paris) was a French physicist, telecommunications engineer, essayist and historian of science.
572515546ffab0a5db5d3af05c3ed1f7
Rodolphe Radau Jean Charles Rodolphe Radau (January 22, 1835 – December 21, 1911) was an astronomer and mathematician who worked in Paris at the "Revue des deux Mondes" for most of his life. He was the co-founder of the Bulletin Astronomique.
b2fade008bc833f700fd813a3215c123
Jean Becquerel Jean Becquerel (5 February 1878 – 4 July 1953) was a French physicist, and son of Antoine-Henri Becquerel. He worked on the optical and magnetic properties of crystals, discovering the rotation of the plane of polarisation by a magnetic field. He also published a textbook on relativity. In 1909, he became the fourth in his family to occupy the physics chair at the Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, following in the footsteps of his father, his grandfather A. E. Becquerel and his great-grandfather Antoine César Becquerel.
00479d8fbeb9c2401882cda7122e8f1d
François Dosse François Dosse (] ; born 22 September 1950) is a French historian and philosopher who specializes in intellectual history.
5bd0fc6819ab6dc1ebc8c5a39f6e5bcc
Nicolas Sarrabat Fr. Nicolas Sarrabat or Sarabat (February 7, 1698 – April 27, 1739), also known as Nicolas Sarrabat de la Baisse, was an eighteenth-century French mathematician and scientist. He was born in Lyon, the son of the painter Daniel Sarrabat (1666–1748), and the nephew of engraver Isaac Sarrabat. The Sarrabats had been a prosperous Protestant bourgeois family of clock- and watchmakers, though Nicolas's father had converted to Catholicism.
b0b636ca977aae945a44361aa07d0dff
Charles-Eugène Guye Charles-Eugène Guye (October 15, 1866 – July 15, 1942) was a Swiss physicist. He was born in Champvent and died in Geneva. Guye studied physics at the University of Geneva, where he received his doctorate in 1889, studying the phenomenon of optical rotary dispersion.
d734d198f48247640bedfac0930e95c5
Étienne-Louis Malus Étienne-Louis Malus (] ; 23 July 1775 – 24 February 1812) was a French officer, engineer, physicist, and mathematician.
2f698b95c0689bfe1e5764ed8a3c91ab
Pierre de Fermat Pierre de Fermat (] ; (Between 31 October and 6 December 1607 – 12 January 1665) was a French lawyer at the "Parlement" of Toulouse, France, and a mathematician who is given credit for early developments that led to infinitesimal calculus, including his technique of adequality. In particular, he is recognized for his discovery of an original method of finding the greatest and the smallest ordinates of curved lines, which is analogous to that of differential calculus, then unknown, and his research into number theory. He made notable contributions to analytic geometry, probability, and optics. He is best known for his Fermat's principle for light propagation and his Fermat's Last Theorem in number theory, which he described in a note at the margin of a copy of Diophantus' "Arithmetica".
449772b85cef2061590625cb66a19001
Jean-Pierre Christin Jean-Pierre Christin (May 31, 1683 – January 19, 1755) was a French physicist, mathematician, astronomer and musician. His proposal to reverse the Celsius thermometer scale (from water boiling at 0 degrees and ice melting at 100 degrees, to water boiling at 100 degrees and ice melting at 0 degrees) was widely accepted and is still in use today.
4cf28e6ed2d56daab76e0bcb0fa32dfc
Gérard de Vaucouleurs Gérard Henri de Vaucouleurs (25 April 1918 – 7 October 1995) was a French astronomer.
1dec76150fb8b011c254d78f36490378
Johann II Bernoulli Johann II Bernoulli (18 May 1710, Basel – 17 July 1790, Basel; also known as Jean) was the youngest of the three sons of Johann Bernoulli. He studied law and mathematics, and, after travelling in France, was for five years professor of eloquence in the university of his native city. In 1736 he was awarded the prize of the French Academy for his suggestive studies of aether. On the death of his father he succeeded him as professor of mathematics in the University of Basel. He was thrice a successful competitor for the prizes of the Academy of Sciences of Paris. His prize subjects were the capstan, the propagation of light, and the magnet. He enjoyed the friendship of P. L. M. de Maupertuis, who died under his roof while on his way to Berlin. He himself died in 1790. His two sons, Johann and Jakob, are the last noted mathematicians of the Bernoulli family.
63bdc4cfdc580de2bdb89aafb836b057
Catherine Cesarsky Catherine Jeanne Cesarsky (born 24 February 1943) is a French astronomer, known for her successful research activities in several central areas of modern astrophysics. She was formerly president of the International Astronomical Union and the director general of the European Southern Observatory.
785231c36628a08def5973263b38b33b
Robert D. Mathieu Robert D. Mathieu is an astronomer and science educator who works at the Center for the Integration of Research, Teaching, and Learning (CIRTL).