When was the write of the score for the nutcracker honored by Emperor Alexander III?
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The Nutcracker The Nutcracker (Russian: Щелкунчик, Балет-феерия / "Shchelkunchik, Balet-feyeriya"    ; French: "Casse-Noisette, ballet-féerie" ) is a two-act ballet, originally choreographed by Marius Petipa and Lev Ivanov with a score by Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky (op. 71). The libretto is adapted from E. T. A. Hoffmann's story "The Nutcracker and the Mouse King", by way of Alexandre Dumas' adapted story "The Nutcracker". It was given its premiere at the Mariinsky Theatre in Saint Petersburg on Sunday, December 18, 1892, on a double-bill with Tchaikovsky's opera "Iolanta".
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Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky ( ; Russian: Пётр Ильи́ч Чайко́вский ; 25 April/7 May 1840 – 25 October/6 November 1893), often anglicized as Peter Ilich Tchaikovsky, was a Russian composer of the romantic period, some of whose works are among the most popular music in the classical repertoire. He was the first Russian composer whose music made a lasting impression internationally, bolstered by his appearances as a guest conductor in Europe and the United States. Tchaikovsky was honored in 1884, by Emperor Alexander III, and awarded a lifetime pension.
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Duchess Maria Antonia of Bavaria Maria Antonia, Princess of Bavaria (18 July 1724 – 23 April 1780), Electress of Saxony, was a German composer, singer, harpsichordist and patron, known particularly for her operas "Il trionfo della fedeltà" (Dresden, summer 1754) and "Talestri, regina delle amazoni" (Nymphenburg Palace, February 6, 1760). She was also the Regent of Saxony in 1763-1768. Baptised "Maria Antonia Walpurgis Symphorosa", she was known as Maria Antonia.
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Alessandro Severo Alessandro Severo (Alexander Severus, HWV A13) is an opera by George Frideric Handel composed in 1738. It is one of Handel's three pasticcio works, made up of the music and arias of his previous operas "Giustino", "Berenice" and "Arminio". Only the overture and recitatives (as well as the words) were new. The impresario Johann Jacob Heidegger probably selected the 1717 libretto by Apostolo Zeno, originally written for Antonio Lotti and re-used by many composers thereafter.
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Three Piano Sonatas, WoO 47 (Beethoven) The Three Early Piano Sonatas, WoO 47, "Kurfürstensonaten" were composed by Ludwig van Beethoven in 1782 and 1783, when he was twelve and thirteen years old. The sonatas show a certain level of precocity and serve as a precursor to the masterworks he later produced. They are dedicated to the Elector (Kurfürst) Maximilian Frederick.
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Alexander Kantorov Alexander Kantorov (born 1947) is a Russian conductor who was born in Leningrad (now Saint Petersburg) and was a graduate of both Moscow and Saint Petersburg Conservatories. He used to take violin lessons under guidance from Mikhail Vaiman and then completed postgraduate education under guidance from Yuri Temirkanov. He began his conducting career at the Sverdlovsk Philharmonic Symphony Orchestra and then became both a fonder and head conductor of both Sverdlovsk and Saint Petersburg Symphony Orchestras. Currently he conducts numerous works by such famous Russian composers as Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov, Sergei Prokofiev, Sergei Rachmaninoff, Dmitri Shostakovich, Alexander Taneyev, Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky, as well as German composers such as Ludwig van Beethoven, Johannes Brahms, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, Julian Cochran from Australia and Gustav Mahler with Anton Bruckner from Austria. Besides those, he also conducted works of Hector Berlioz and Antonín Dvořák.
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Gustav Mahler Gustav Mahler (] ; 7 July 1860, Kaliště, Bohemia, now Czech Republic – 18 May 1911, Vienna, Austria-Hungary) was an Austrian late-Romantic composer, and one of the leading conductors of his generation. As a composer he acted as a bridge between the 19th century Austro-German tradition and the modernism of the early 20th century. While in his lifetime his status as a conductor was established beyond question, his own music gained wide popularity only after periods of relative neglect which included a ban on its performance in much of Europe during the Nazi era. After 1945 his compositions were rediscovered and championed by a new generation of listeners; Mahler then became one of the most frequently performed and recorded of all composers, a position he has sustained into the 21st century.
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Symphony No. 3 (Rachmaninoff) Sergei Rachmaninoff composed his Symphony No. 3 in A minor, Op. 44 between 1935 and 1936. The Third Symphony is considered a transitional work in Rachmaninoff's output. In melodic outline and rhythm it is his most expressively Russian symphony, particularly in the dance rhythms of the finale. What was groundbreaking in this symphony was its greater economy of utterance compared to its two predecessors. This sparer style, first apparent in the "Rhapsody on a Theme of Paganini", enhances the emotional power of the work.
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Die Maccabäer Die Maccabäer ("German, The Maccabees") (sometimes spelt 'Die Makkabäer') is an opera in three acts by Anton Rubinstein to a libretto by Salomon Hermann Mosenthal. The opera is based on a play by Otto Ludwig, which is itself based loosely on the biblical story of the Maccabees. Written in 1872-74, it was first performed on 17 April 1875 at the Hofoper, Berlin. Censorship problems prevented its performance in Russia until January 1877 (in St.Petersburg).
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Oleg Karavaychuk Oleg Nikolayevich Karavaichuk (Russian: Оле́г Никола́евич Каравайчу́к ; 28 December 1927 – 13 June 2016) was a Soviet and Russian composer, author of music for many films and theater performances.
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Franz Asplmayr Franz Asplmayr (1 April 1728 – 29 July 1786) was an Austrian composer and violinist. There are many variants of his name, including Franz Aspelmayr, Franz Aschpellmayr and Franz Appelmeyer. He is best known for an opera on Greek myths, and for a few symphonies and string trios of his which were attributed to Joseph Haydn at one time. Among the few scholars who have studied his music, there are many differing opinions as to the quality. J. Murray Barbour, for one, deems Asplmayr's 80 minuets "scored mostly for oboes, horns, and strings, without violas," that "all are extremely boring, as if written between beers." Temperly, on the other hand, finds advances "with respect to harmony and developmental techniques."
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Jeff Alexander Jeff Alexander (July 2, 1910 – December 23, 1989), also known as Myer Alexander, was an American conductor, arranger, and composer of film, radio and television scores.
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Alexander Lazarev Alexander Nikolayevich Lazarev (Russian: Алекса́ндр Никола́евич Ла́зарев ; born 5 July 1945, Moscow, Soviet Union) is a Russian conductor. He studied at the Saint Petersburg Conservatory, and later at the Moscow Conservatory with Leo Ginsbourg. In 1971, he was the first prize winner in a national conducting competition in the USSR. In 1972, he won a first prize and gold medal in the Karajan conducting competition in Berlin.
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Johann Sebastian Bach Johann Sebastian Bach (31 March [O.S. 21 March] 1685 28 July 1750) was a German composer and musician of the Baroque period. He is known for instrumental compositions such as the "Brandenburg Concertos" and the "Goldberg Variations", and vocal music such as the "St Matthew Passion" and the Mass in B minor. Since the 19th-century Bach Revival he has been generally regarded as one of the greatest composers of all time.
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Alexander Dreyschock Alexander Dreyschock (15 October 1818 – 1 April 1869) was a Czech pianist and composer.
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Piano Trio (Tchaikovsky) Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky's Trio in A minor, Op. 50, was written in Rome between December 1881 and late January 1882. It is subtitled "In memory of a great artist," in reference to Nikolai Rubinstein, his close friend and mentor, who had died on 23 March 1881. It is scored for piano, violin, and cello.
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Eugene Onegin (opera) Eugene Onegin (Russian: Евгений Онегин , "Yevgény Onégin"), Op. 24, is an opera ("lyrical scenes") in 3 acts (7 scenes), composed by Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky. The libretto, organised by the composer himself, very closely follows certain passages in Alexander Pushkin's novel in verse, retaining much of his poetry. Tchaikovsky's friend Konstantin Shilovsky contributed M. Triquet's verses in Act 2, Scene 1, while Tchaikovsky himself arranged the text for Lensky's arioso in Act 1, Scene 1, and almost all of Prince Gremin's aria in Act 3, Scene 1.
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Alexander Dmitriyevich Kastalsky Alexand(e)r Dmitriyevich Kastalsky (Russian: Александр Дмитриевич Кастальский ) (28 November [O.S. 16 November] 1856 – 17 December 1926) was a Russian composer and folklorist.
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Symphony No. 3 (Bax) The Symphony No. 3 by Arnold Bax was completed in 1929. It was dedicated to Sir Henry Wood and is perhaps the most performed and most immediately approachable of Bax's symphonies.
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Alexander Uber Alexander Uber (1783-1824) was a German cello virtuoso, composer, and Kapellmeister; he was a student of Johannes Jäger. Among his compositions are a cello concerto, a set of variations for cello and orchestra, several instrumental works, and some Lieder. His brother Hermann was also a composer and Kapellmeister; the two were sons of a noted jurist and amateur musician, Christian Benjamin Uber.
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Piano Sonata No. 3 (Beethoven) Ludwig van Beethoven's Piano Sonata No. 3 in C major, Op. 2, No. 3, is a sonata written for solo piano, composed in 1795. It is dedicated to Joseph Haydn and is often referred to as Beethoven's first virtuosic piano sonata. The three Opus 2 sonatas all contain four movements each, an unusual length which seems to show that Beethoven was aspiring towards composing a symphony. It is both the weightiest and longest of the three Opus 2 sonatas, lasting over 25 minutes, presenting many difficulties, including difficult trills, awkward hand movements, and forearm rotation. It is Beethoven's second longest piano sonata in his early period, only to Beethoven's Grand Sonata in E-flat Major, Op. 7, published a year later.
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Alexander Nevsky (Prokofiev) Alexander Nevsky (Russian: Александр Невский ) is the score composed by Sergei Prokofiev for Sergei Eisenstein's 1938 film "Alexander Nevsky". The subject of the film is the 13th century incursion of the knights of the Livonian Order into the territory of the Novgorod Republic, their capture of the city of Pskov, the summoning of Prince Alexander Nevsky to the defense of Rus', and his subsequent victory over the crusaders in 1242. The majority of the score's song texts were written by the poet Vladimir Lugovskoy.