The founder of the religious organization that established the Tama-Re village began founding Black Muslim groups in New York in what year?
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Tama-Re The Tama-Re village in Putnam County, Georgia (a.k.a. "Kodesh", “Wahannee”, “The Golden City”, “Al Tamaha”) was an Egyptian-themed set of buildings and monuments established on 476 acres near Eatonton, Georgia by the Nuwaubian Nation in 1993. This was a religious movement that had a variety of esoteric beliefs and was led by Dwight D. York. Many of the African Americans in the community had resettled here from Brooklyn, New York, where the movement had developed since about 1970. York was prosecuted for child molestation, racketeering and financial charges; convicted in 2004, he was sentenced to 135 years in prison. As part of the verdict, the Tama-Re complex was sold under government forfeiture in 2005. The structures were mostly demolished and the site cleared by the sheriff's department to prepare it for sale.
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Nuwaubian Nation The Nuwaubian Nation or Nuwaubian movement is a religious organization founded and led by Dwight York. York began founding Black Muslim groups in New York in 1967. He changed his teachings and the names of his groups many times, incorporating concepts from Judaism, Christianity, and many esoteric beliefs.
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Howard Thurman Howard Washington Thurman (November 18, 1899 – April 10, 1981) was an influential African-American author, philosopher, theologian, educator, and civil rights leader. As a prominent religious figure, he played a leading role in many social justice movements and organizations of the twentieth century. Thurman's theology of radical nonviolence influenced and shaped a generation of civil rights activists, and he was a key mentor to leaders within the movement, including Martin Luther King, Jr.
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African Orthodox Church The African Orthodox Church is a primarily African-American denomination founded in the United States in 1921. It has approximately 15 parishes and 5,000 members, down significantly from its peak membership.
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United Muslim American Association The United Muslim American Association is an organization in Illinois for the purpose of empowering Muslims through the political process. It was founded by Rafiq Jaber.
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Organization of Afro-American Unity The Organization of Afro-American Unity (OAAU) was a Pan-Africanist organization founded by Malcolm X in 1964. The OAAU was modeled on the Organisation of African Unity, which had impressed Malcolm X during his visit to Africa in April and May 1964. The purpose of the OAAU was to fight for the human rights of African Americans and promote cooperation among Africans and people of African descent in the Americas.
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Robert Sengstacke Abbott Robert Sengstacke Abbott (November 24, 1870 – February 29, 1940) was an African-American lawyer and newspaper publisher and editor. Abbott founded "The Chicago Defender", which grew to have the highest circulation of any black-owned newspaper in the country. An early adherent of the Bahá'í religion in the United States, Abbott founded the Bud Billiken Parade and Picnic in 1929, which has developed into a celebration for youth, education and African–American life in Chicago, Illinois.
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Association of Black Anthropologists The Association of Black Anthropologists (ABA) founded in 1970, is an American organization which brings together Black anthropologists with a view to highlighting the history of African Americans, especially in regard to exploitation, oppression and discrimination. It encourages in particular the involvement of Black students, including the recruitment of graduates, and establishes exchanges with African anthropologists
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Nazareth Baptist Church The Nazareth Baptist Church (Alternatively called "The Nazarite Church" "iBandla lamaNazaretha") is an African Initiated Church founded by Isaiah Shembe in 1910.
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American Buddhist Society and Fellowship, Inc. The American Buddhist Society and Fellowship, Inc. is a Buddhist organization founded by Robert Ernest Dickhoff in 1945 and incorporated in 1947. The organization has one location in New York City. The organizations main tenet was the conscientious objection to medical care and the belief that insurances were equivalent to gambling and therefore counter posed to the healing nature of positive energy. Their belief was that a wager or insurance on sickness or death would only put negative karma into the universe and lead to more suffering.
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Young Men's Muslim Association The Young Men's Muslim Association (Arabic: جمعية الشبان المسلمين‎ ‎ ) ("Jam'iyyat al-Shubban al-Muslimin") was founded in Egypt in 1927, with the start of the Muslim Brotherhood. By the end of the decade it had around 15,000 members. The leader of YMMA in Palestine was Izz al-din Qassam.
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Mufti Muhammad Sadiq Dr. Mufti Muhammad Sadiq was a companion of Mirza Ghulam Ahmad and the first Muslim Missionary in America converted over seven hundred Americans to Islam directly and over thousand indirectly. His purpose, as a representative of the Ahmadiyya Movement in Islam, was to convert Americans to Islam and clear general misconceptions about it. Something that separated Mutfi Muhammad Sadiq from his contemporaries was the belief in Racial integration between all racial and ethnic groups not just African Americans. A large number of Islamic oriented organizations that sprang up among African Americans in the 1920s and 30's such as the Nation of Islam were influenced by Mufti Muhammad Sadiq's teachings and turned toward his understanding of Islamic concepts. He was also important in trying to unite a hodgepodge of Muslim immigrants from Arabs to Bosnians to build mosques and have congregational prayer especially in Detroit and Chicago.
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Ella Little-Collins Ella Little-Collins (1914 – 1996) was an American civil rights activist and the half-sister of Malcolm X. She was born in Butler, Georgia, to Earl Little and Daisy Mason-Little; her paternal grandparents were John (Big Pa) Lee Little and Ella Gray-Little, and her siblings, including half-siblings, were Mary, Earl Lee Jr., Wilfred, Philbert, Hilda, Reginald, Malcolm, Wesley, and Evonne. She worked as congressman Adam Clayton Powell's secretary, the manager of her mother's grocery store, and an investor in house property, which she let out as rooming houses. She joined the Nation of Islam in the mid-1950s and helped establish its mosque in Boston and a day-care center attached to it, although she left the Nation in 1959 to become a Sunni Muslim. She supported black and ethnic studies programs in universities across the United States and founded the Sarah A. Little School of Preparatory Arts in Boston.
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African Blood Brotherhood The African Blood Brotherhood for African Liberation and Redemption (ABB) was a radical U.S. black liberation organization established in 1919 in New York City by journalist Cyril Briggs. The group was established as a propaganda organization built on the model of the secret society. The group's socialist orientation caught the attention of the fledgling American communist movement and soon evolved into a propaganda arm of the Communist Party of America. The group was terminated in the early 1920s.
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National Negro Committee The National Negro Committee (formed: New York City, May 31 and June 1, 1909 - ceased: New York City, May 12, 1910) was created in response to the Springfield race riot of 1908 against the black community in Springfield, Illinois. Prominent black activists and white progressives called for a national conference to discuss African-American civil rights. They met to address the social, economic, and political rights of African Americans. This gathering served as the predecessor to the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, which was formally named during the second meeting in May 1910.
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Society for the Advancement of Judaism The Society for the Advancement of Judaism is a synagogue and Jewish organization in New York City, on Manhattan's Upper West Side. Founded in 1922 by Rabbi Mordecai M. Kaplan, the founder of Reconstructionist Judaism, the synagogue is affiliated with the Reconstructionist Jewish movement.
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Spencer Churches The Spencer Churches (less commonly called the "Union Churches") are the two religious denominations that resulted from a schism in the "Union Church of Africans" (also known as African Union Church), the first independent black denomination, founded by Peter Spencer in Delaware in 1813.
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Dwight York Dwight D. York (born June 26, 1945), also known as Malachi Z. York, Issa Al Haadi Al Mahdi, Dr. York, "et alii", is an American musician, writer, and convicted child molester, known as the founding leader of various religious/political groups, including most notably the quasi-religious cult known as the Nuwaubian movement, among other names.
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Ida B. Robinson Ida B. Robinson (August 3, 1891 – April 20, 1946) was an American Pentecostal-Holiness and Charismatic denominational leader. She was the founder, first Senior Bishop and President of the Mount Sinai Holy Church of America, Inc. Robinson formed the organization in response to her vision and Divine Call to secure an organizational home where women preachers would be welcomed and encouraged. Mount Sinai Holy Church of America is the only organization founded by an African-American woman that held consistent female leadership from its founding in 1924 until February 2001.
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Shaker Museum and Library The Shaker Museum and Library, officially known as Shaker Museum | Mount Lebanon, is a museum and research library concerned with the Shakers, a Protestant religious denomination founded in America by Ann Lee and her followers in 1774, and known more formally as the United Society of Believers in Christ's Second Appearing. The museum and library collections relate to Shaker life and culture and are based in New Lebanon, New York.
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Afro-American Patrolmen's League The Afro-American Patrolmen's League, now known as the African American Police League, was established in 1968 after Chicago police officer Edward "Buzz" Palmer witnessed the effects of Chicago Mayor Richard Daley's "shoot to kill" order brought on by Martin Luther King, Jr.'s assassination and the increase of black uprisings that followed his death. Safety of black leaders and citizens from white reactionaries quickly became a pressing issue. Palmer put together a small group of people, consisting of Renault "Reggie" Robinson, Curtis Cowsen, Willie Ware, Wilbur Crooks, Jack Debonnett, Tom Mitchell, and himself, to become the Afro-American Patrolmen's League; the group, with the exception of Mitchell, was made up of police officers and was committed to defending and protecting the people in their local black communities.
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The Cricket: Black Music in Evolution The Cricket, subtitled "Black Music in Evolution", was a magazine created in 1968 by Amiri Baraka (then LeRoi Jones), Larry Neal and A. B. Spellman. Baraka has said: "Larry Neal, AB and I realized the historical influence of music on African /Afro American Culture. I saw the magazine as a necessary dispenser of this influence as part of a continuum. And that attention to the culture was a way of drawing attention to the people’s needs and struggle." The headquarters was in New York City.