What part of the Assabet River National Wildlife Refuge was formerly used as a dumping ground by the Natick Laboratories until the 1980s?
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Assabet River National Wildlife Refuge Assabet River National Wildlife Refuge, (formerly referred to as the U.S. Army's Fort Devens-Sudbury Training Annex), is a 2230 acre protected National Wildlife Refuge located approximately 25 mi west of Boston, and 4 mi west of the Eastern Massachusetts National Wildlife Refuge Complex Headquarters, along the Assabet River. It is located in portions of the Towns of Hudson, Maynard, Stow and Sudbury. The Assabet River National Wildlife Refuge consists of two separate pieces of land. The larger northern section is just north of Hudson Road, extending north to the Assabet River. The southern section is located to the south of Hudson Road. There is a visitor center located in the northern section, on Winterberry Way.
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Fort Devens-Sudbury Training Annex The Fort Devens-Sudbury Training Annex was a former annex of Fort Devens that was operational from 1942 to the 1990s. It originally opened as an ammunition dump for the base, and old railroad lines and bunkers can still be seen in the area. It then functioned as a dumping ground for the Natick Laboratories until the 1980s. In the 1990s, the site was cleaned up and turned into the Assabet River National Wildlife Refuge.
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Kesterson Reservoir The Kesterson Reservoir is the name of a former unit of the Kesterson National Wildlife Refuge which is part of the current San Luis National Wildlife Refuge. The site gained national attention during the latter half of the 20th century due to selenium toxicity and rapid die off of migratory waterfowl, fish, insects, plants and algae within the Kesterson Reservoir.
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Sunkhaze Meadows National Wildlife Refuge Sunkhaze Meadows National Wildlife Refuge is located in the Town of Milford, Penobscot County, Maine, approximately fourteen miles north of Bangor. The refuge was established in 1988 to ensure the ecological integrity of the Sunkhaze Meadows peat bog and the continued availability of its wetland, stream, forest and wildlife resources to the citizens of the United States. The purpose of acquisition, under the authority of the Fish and Wildlife Act of 1956 was "... for the development, advancement, management, conservation, and protection of fish and wildlife resources ..." and "... for the benefit of the United States Fish and Wildlife Service, in performing its activities and services. Such acceptance may be subject to the terms of any restrictive or affirmative covenant, or condition of servitude ..." The Land and Water Conservation Fund was the source of funding for the purchase
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Indian River Archeological Complex The Indian River Archeological Complex is a collection of archaeological sites near Millsboro, Delaware, encompassing what is the only known riverine settlement in Sussex County during the Middle Woodland Period (c. 500BCE to 1000CE). It consists of three separate sites, 7S-F-11, 7S-F-12, and 7S-F-13. These sites appear to have been semi-permanent seasonal settlements, occupied during the spring and fall, and abandoned for other hunting and fishing grounds in the summer and winter. Finds at each site include both worked stone artifacts including projectile points, as well as different types of ceramics. The combination of finds raises questions about the pattern of cultural migration in the area, which further investigation of the sites may shed light on. Of the three sites, two have been subjected to surface-level collection, and one, 7S-F-13, has been subjected to more intensive excavations.
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Whiteshell Laboratories The Whiteshell Laboratories, originally known as the Whiteshell Nuclear Research Establishment, was an AECL laboratory in Manitoba, northeast of Winnipeg. It was originally built as a home for the experimental WR-1 reactor, but over time came to host a variety of experimental systems, including a SLOWPOKE reactor and the Underground Research Facility to study nuclear waste disposal. Employment peaked in the early 1970s at about 1,300, but during the 1980s the experiments began to wind down, and in 2003 the decision was made to close the site. the site is undergoing decommissioning with a planned completion date in 2024.
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Crawfish Lake (Washington) Crawfish Lake ( ) is a small lake located 15 mi northeast of Omak, Washington. The lake has a surface area of 80 acre and is located at 4475 ft above sea level. The northeast portion of the lake borders the Okanogan National Forest, and the south half is on the Colville Indian Reservation. Most of the property along the shoreline of the lake is privately owned, with a US Forest Service campground occupying the northeast side of the lake. Motors have been prohibited on the lake since 1996. The lake is used mainly for fishing, rowing, canoeing, kayaking and swimming. The lake once contained many crawfish but the state has recently poisoned it to contain the native water reed and thus kill the crawfish.
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Dworshak National Fish Hatchery Dworshak National Fish Hatchery is a mitigation hatchery located on the Clearwater River within the Nez Perce Reservation near Orofino, in north-central Idaho. It was constructed in 1969 by the Army Corps of Engineers, and is co-managed by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and the Nez Perce Tribe. The hatchery is one of the largest combination producers of anadromous (migratory) fish in the world. These fish make a 1000 mile round trip to the ocean and back to spawn in the Clearwater River. The Dworshak Dam blocks access to the historical spawning areas on the North Fork-Clearwater River for the steelhead, and it is too high for a fish ladder.
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Tomahawk (YTB-789) "Tomahawk" (YTB-789) was a United States Navy "Natick"-class large harbor tug named for the Tomahawk River in Wisconsin.
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Occoquan Bay National Wildlife Refuge The Occoquan Bay National Wildlife Refuge is a National Wildlife Refuge located where the Occoquan River meets the Potomac River in Woodbridge, Virginia, United States. The 644 acre site, about half of which is wetlands, was a popular tourist spot known as Dawson Beach until the 1940s, after which it was used for military research by the U.S. Army's Harry Diamond Laboratories from the 1960s to the 1990s. When the land was purchased from the military, it was temporarily called the Marumsco National Wildlife Refuge. The refuge was formally established and renamed in 1998, and is now managed by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service as part of the Potomac River National Wildlife Refuge Complex.
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John and Louise Seier National Wildlife Refuge John and Louise Seier National Wildlife Refuge is located in the U.S. state of Nebraska and includes 2,400 acres (9.71 km). The refuge protects a portion of the largest remaining area of tall and mid grass prairie remaining in the U.S. Collectively known as the Sand Hills region of Nebraska, the dunes were the end result of the last ice age known as the Pinedale glaciation. During the Holocene glacial retreat the sand dunes that been deposited in their current location by the vast continental glaciers, were exposed and grasses eventually took over. The refuge is managed by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and along with Fort Niobrara and Valentine National Wildlife Refuges, form the Fort Niobrara National Wildlife Refuge Complex.
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Sibley Lake National Wildlife Refuge The Sibley Lake National Wildlife Refuge is located in the U.S. state of North Dakota and consists of 1,077 acres (4.35 km). Sibley Lake is a privately owned easement refuge, managed with by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. The refuge was established to protect habitat for migratory bird species, white-tail deer and other mammals. Valley City Wetland Management District oversees the refuge, which in turn is a part of the Arrowwood National Wildlife Refuge Complex. Sibley Lake is a 525 acre (2.12 km) fresh water marsh.
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Edwin B. Forsythe National Wildlife Refuge The Edwin B. Forsythe National Wildlife Refuge is a United States National Wildlife Refuge located in southern New Jersey along the Atlantic coast north of Atlantic City, in Atlantic and Ocean counties. The refuge was created in 1984 out of two existing refuge parcels created to protect tidal wetland and shallow bay habitat for migratory water birds. The Barnegat Division (established in 1967) is located in Ocean County on the inland side of Barnegat Bay. The Brigantine Division (established in 1939) is located approximately 10 miles (16 km) north of Atlantic City along the south bank of the mouth of the Mullica River. The two divisions are separated by approximately 20 miles (32 km). The refuge is located along most active flight paths of the Atlantic Flyway, making it an important link in the network of national wildlife refuges administered nationwide by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Forsythe Refuge is a part of the Hudson River/New York Bight Ecosystem and The New Jersey Coastal Heritage Trail Route. The refuge is named for Edwin B. Forsythe, conservationist Congressman from New Jersey.
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Agbogbloshie Agbogbloshie is a nickname of a commercial district on the Korle Lagoon of the Odaw River, near the center of Accra, Ghana. Near the slum called "Old Fadama", the Agbogbloshie site became known as a destination for locally generated automobile and electronic scrap collected from across the City of Accra. It was alleged to be at the center of a legal and illegal exportation network for the environmental dumping of electronic waste (e-waste) from industrialized nations. Basel Action Network, a small NGO based in Seattle, has referred to Agbogbloshie as a "digital dumping ground", where they allege millions of tons of e-waste are processed each year. However, repeated international studies have failed to confirm the allegations, which have been labelled an "e-waste hoax" by international reuse advocate WR3A. The most exhaustive study of the trade in used electronics in Nigeria, funded by UNEP and Basel Convention, revealed that from 540 000 tons of informally processed waste electronics, 52% of the material was recovered.
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McClintic Wildlife Management Area McClintic Wildlife Management Area, known locally as the ""TNT area"", is located in Mason County about 5 mi north of Point Pleasant, West Virginia. Located on 3655 acre of former wartime industrial land, the WMA is occupied by farmland, woodlands, and wetlands encompassing 31 ponds. The area still contains stored explosives.
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Appert Lake National Wildlife Refuge Appert Lake National Wildlife Refuge is a National Wildlife Refuge in Emmons County, North Dakota. It is a privately owned property with refuge easement rights for flooding, and is one of five easement refuges managed under Long Lake National Wildlife Refuge. It is closed to hunting. It was established to provide a stable water area and safe haven for migrating waterfowl in response to declining populations during the Dust Bowl era of the 1930s. The refuge centers on a wooded prairie wetland which provides relatively unique habitat in an agriculturally dominated area. The refuge is used by wood ducks, widgeon, teal, mallards, pintails, gadwalls and a host of woodland passerine bird species.
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Northwest Montana Wetland Management District The Northwest Montana Wetland Management District is located in the U.S. state of Montana and is an integral part of the National Bison Range Complex along with four other wildlife refuges and the National Bison Range. The district comprises numerous small wetland environments set aside primarily to protect areas for waterfowl. The district comprises 14 separate Waterfowl Production Areas (WPA)'s totalling 8452 acre and one 6300 acre conservation easement along the north shores of Flathead Lake. Some of the land is located on the Flathead Indian Reservation (known as the Tribal Trust Lands of the Confederated Salish and Kootenai Tribes) and they continue to have claim over the land provided they assist in maintaining the resource. The Northwest Montana Wetland Management District is administered by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, an agency within the U.S. Department of the Interior. The individual lands were acquired beginning in 1970 by purchasing plots from willing landowners, and an ongoing effort to continue to increase area.
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Bear Brook Watershed in Maine The Bear Brook Watershed in Maine (BBWM) is an experimental forest operated by the University of Maine in Hancock County, Maine, United States. The BBWM focuses around the two small first order branches of Bear Brook on the southeastern slopes of Lead Mountain above Bear Pond. Two years of monitoring studies began in 1987, after which the two watersheds of East and West Bear Brook were determined to be nearly identical. The West Bear Brook watershed has been experimentally acidified with ammonium sulfate every other month since November 1989 to study the effects of sulfur and nitrogen acid deposition. East Bear Brook has been used as an untreated reference. Related research topics at BBWM include climate change, carbon sequestration, base cation depletion, and watershed biogeochemistry. There are two USGS stream gauges on the East and West Branches of Bear Brook.
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Browns Park National Wildlife Refuge Browns Park National Wildlife Refuge is a 13450 acre U.S. National Wildlife Refuge located in northwestern Colorado. It is located in Moffat County in the extreme northwestern corner of the state, in an isolated mountain valley of Browns Park on both sides of the Green River, approximately 25 mi below Flaming Gorge Dam. Established in 1965, the refuge is managed by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service office in Maybell, Colorado. The refuge is approximately 53 mi northwest of Maybell on State Highway 318. The refuge consists of bottomland and adjacent benchland. The western border of the refuge is the Colorado-Utah state line. The refuge is surrounded by adjacent lines of the Bureau of Land Management. The refuge contains the site of the former Fort Davy Crockett constructed in 1837 to protect trappers against attacks by Blackfoot Native Americans.
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Thelon Wildlife Sanctuary The Thelon Wildlife Sanctuary, at 52000 km2 , over twice the area of Belgium, is the largest wildlife refuge in Canada. It is located in northern Canada's Arctic region, north of the tree line, straddling the Northwest Territories and Nunavut, halfway between Baker Lake and Yellowknife, and bordered on the north between the Baillie River on the west and the Consul River at the east by the Back River. It is the namesake of the Thelon River, whose river valley is resplendent with boreal forest biological diversity, hence its identification as a "Biological Site of Universal Importance" by the International Biological Program (IBP) in the 1960s.
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Valley of the Drums The Valley of the Drums is a 23-acre (9.3 hectare) toxic waste site in northern Bullitt County, Kentucky, near Louisville, named after the waste-containing drums strewn across the area. It is known as one of the primary motivations for the passage of the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act, or Superfund Act of 1980. While the widely publicized Love Canal disaster is often credited as the reason the Superfund law was passed, Love Canal activist Lois Gibbs has said that Love Canal looked like a suburban community, while "Valley of the Drums became the visualization of the problem."
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Great Bay National Wildlife Refuge Great Bay National Wildlife Refuge was established in 1992 and is located along the eastern shore of New Hampshire's Great Bay in the town of Newington. The area was formerly part of weapons storage area at Pease Air Force Base, which was closed in 1991. A variety of rich wildlife habitats from uplands to open waters can be found throughout the refuge.