Which monarch of the Mexican Empire was the 19th-century castle on the Gulf of Trieste Miramare Castle built for?
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Miramare Castle Miramare Castle (Italian: "Castello di Miramare" ; German: "Schloss Miramar" ; Slovene: "Grad Miramar" ) is a 19th-century castle on the Gulf of Trieste near Trieste, northeastern Italy. It was built from 1856 to 1860 for Austrian Archduke Ferdinand Maximilian and his wife, Charlotte of Belgium, later Emperor Maximilian I and Empress Carlota of Mexico, based on a design by Carl Junker.
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Maximilian I of Mexico Maximilian (Spanish: "Maximiliano"; born "Ferdinand Maximilian Joseph"; 6 July 1832 – 19 June 1867) was the only monarch of the Second Mexican Empire. He was a younger brother of the Austrian emperor Francis Joseph I. After a distinguished career in the Austrian Navy, he accepted an offer by Napoleon III of France to rule Mexico. France (along with the United Kingdom and Spain, who both withdrew the following year after negotiating agreements with Mexico's democratic government) had invaded Mexico in the winter of 1861, as part of the War of the French Intervention. Seeking to legitimize French rule in the Americas, Napoleon III invited Maximilian to establish a new Mexican monarchy for him. With the support of the French army, and a group of conservative Mexican monarchists hostile to the liberal administration of new Mexican President Benito Juárez, Maximilian traveled to Mexico. Once there, he declared himself Emperor of Mexico on 10 April 1864.
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Pedro Celestino Negrete Pedro Celestino Negrete (May 14, 1777 – April 11, 1846) was a Spanish politician and military man who served as a member of the interim government of México after the abolition of the First Mexican Empire. He fought alongside of Agustín de Iturbide in the royalist army during the Mexican War of Independence. He was a close collaborator of Iturbide during the empire, and then pressured him to abdicate to the Mexican crown.
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Ypiranga incident The "Ypiranga" Incident occurred on April 21, 1914, at the port of Veracruz in Mexico. The SS "Ypiranga" was a German steamer that was commissioned to transport arms and munitions to the Mexican federal government under Victoriano Huerta. The United States had placed Mexico under an arms embargo to stifle the flow of weaponry to the war-torn state, then in the throes of civil war, forcing Huerta's government to look to Europe for armaments.
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John VI of Portugal John VI (Portuguese: "João VI"; none }} – none }} ), nicknamed "the Clement", was King of the United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves from 1816 to 1825. Although the United Kingdom over which he ruled ceased to exist "de facto" beginning in 1822, he remained its monarch "de jure" between 1822 and 1825. After the recognition of Brazilian independence under the Treaty of Rio de Janeiro of 1825, he continued as King of Portugal and the Algarves until his death in 1826. Under the same treaty, he also became titular Emperor of Brazil for life, while his son, Pedro I of Brazil, was both "de facto" and "de jure" the monarch of the newly-independent country.
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Declaration to the world Declaration to the world, or notes for history ("Manifiesto al mundo o sean apuntes para la historia" ) is a document written by Agustín de Iturbide (1793-1824) after he had been deposed in March 1823 as emperor of Mexico, and made public on October 13, 1824 after his death. This document reflected his views of himself and of his duties in the politics of his country. It was found by chance between his shirt and girdle after his execution for treason on July 19, 1824 in Nuevo Santander, now in Tamaulipas state. The stains on the document are the blood of Iturbide.
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Felipe Santiago Xicoténcatl Felipe Santiago Xicoténcatl (May 1, 1804 – September 13, 1847) was a general in the Mexican Army under president Antonio López de Santa Anna.
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History of Mexico The history of Mexico, a country in the southern portion of North America, covers a period of more than three millennia. First populated more than 13,000 years ago, the territory had complex indigenous civilizations before being conquered and colonized by the Spanish in the 16th century. One of the important aspects of Mesoamerican civilizations was their development of a form of writing, so that Mexico's written history stretches back hundreds of years before the arrival of the Spaniards in 1519. This era before the arrival of Europeans is called variously the prehispanic era or the precolumbian era.
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Charles de Lorencez Charles Ferdinand Latrille, Comte de Lorencez (23 May 1814 –16 July 1892) was a French Army general under Emperor Maximilian of Mexico during the 19th century. He was a relative of the Empress Charlotte, who was the only daughter of King Leopold I, King of the Belgians and wife of Emperor Maximilian.
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Luis de Quintanar José Luis de Quintanar Soto y Ruiz (born December 22, 1772, San Juan del Río, Querétaro - November 16, 1837, Mexico City) was a Royalist military officer in colonial New Spain, and a politician after the 1821 independence of Mexico.
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Vicente Filisola Vicente Filisola (sometimes "Vicente Filísola", with an acute accent on the second syllable) (c. 1789, Ravello, Italy – July 23, 1850, Mexico City) was a Spanish military figure, Mexican military and political figure in the 19th century.
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Martín Javier Mina y Larrea General Martín Francisco Javier Mina y Larrea (July 1, 1789 – November 11, 1817), nicknamed "El Mozo," was a Spanish lawyer and army officer, who later became a Mexican revolutionary figure.
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José María Tornel José María de Tornel y Mendívil (1795–1853) was a 19th-century Mexican army general and politician who greatly influenced the career of President Antonio López de Santa Anna.
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Princess Erendira Princess Eréndira of the Purépecha was the princess of the Purépecha from about 1503-1519. She was 16-17 when the Spanish came to Mexico. The Tarascan state's "cazonci"(monarch), Tangaxuan II, had given up his kingdom and people to the Spanish after he saw the downfall of the Aztec Empire to the Spanish.
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Luis Antonio Argüello Luis Antonio Argüello (] ) (June 21, 1784 – March 27, 1830) was the first Californio (native-born) governor of Alta California (thirteenth in all), and the first to take office under Mexican rule. He was the only governor to serve under the First Mexican Empire (of 1821-1823) and also served as acting governor under the subsequent provisional government, which preceded the First Mexican Republic (of 1824–1864).
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Mateo de Toro Zambrano, 1st Count of La Conquista Field Marshal Mateo de Toro Zambrano y Ureta (Spanish: "Mateo de Toro Zambrano y Ureta, I conde de la Conquista" ) (September 20, 1727 – February 26, 1811), frequently misnamed Mateo de Toro y Zambrano in many Chilean history publications, was Viscount of La Descubierta and later Count of La Conquista (1771) and Knight of the Spanish Order of Santiago. He was a Chilean creole and had a career as a soldier under the Spanish Empire after he amassed a fortune in commerce.
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San Carlos Fortress The San Carlos Fortress (in Spanish: Fortaleza de San Carlos) is an 18th-century fortress in the city of Perote, in the Mexican state of Veracruz. It is also known as the Fort of San Carlos, Perote Castle, the Castle of San Carlos, Perote Prison, San Carlos de Perote Fortress, and San Carlos de Perote Castle.
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Francisco Javier de Lizana y Beaumont Francisco Javier de Lizana y Beaumont (1750 in Arnedo, La Rioja, Spain – March 6, 1815 in Mexico City) was bishop of Mexico and, from July 19, 1809 to May 8, 1810, viceroy of New Spain.
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Guadalupe Victoria Guadalupe Victoria (] ; 29 September 1786 – 21 March 1843), born José Miguel Ramón Adaucto Fernández y Félix, was a Mexican general and political leader who fought for independence against the Spanish Empire in the Mexican War of Independence. He was a deputy in the Mexican Chamber of Deputies for Durango and a member of the Supreme Executive Power following the downfall of the First Mexican Empire. After the adoption of the Constitution of 1824, Victoria was elected as the first President of the United Mexican States.
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Bianca Maria Sforza Bianca Maria Sforza (5 April 1472 – 31 December 1510) was a Queen of the Romans and Holy Roman Empress as the second spouse of Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor. She was the eldest legitimate daughter of Galeazzo Maria Sforza, Duke of Milan, by his second wife, Bona of Savoy.
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Francisco Javier Echeverría Francisco Javier Echeverría (c. 2 July 1797 – 17 September 1852) was a Mexican businessman, conservative and centralist politician. He served as president of Mexico in late 1841 for a few weeks.
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Francisco José Múgica Francisco Jose Mugica Velázquez ( September 3, 1884 – April 12, 1954). was a military revolutionary, Major General and Mexican politician. Constituent in the Constitutional Congress in 1917 that made the Constitution of Mexico and governor of the state of Tabasco and Michoacán and the then Territory of Baja California Sur and Marias Islands, plus the head of the secretariats of National Economy and Communications and Public Works during the government of Lazaro Cardenas