Janina Vilayet was a division created by merging a subdivision of the Ottoman Empire known as what?
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Janina Vilayet The Vilayet of Janina, Yanya or Ioannina (Ottoman Turkish: ولايت يانیه, Vilâyet-i Yanya‎ ) was a first-level administrative division (vilayet) of the Ottoman Empire, established in 1867. In the late 19th century it reportedly had an area of 18320 sqmi . It was created by merging Pashalik of Yanina and Pashalik of Berat with sanjaks of Janina, Berat, Ergiri, Preveze, Tırhala and Kesriye. Kesriye was later demoted to kaza and bounded to Monastir Vilayet and Tırhala was given to Greece in 1881.
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Pashalik of Yanina The Pashalik of Yanina or Janina (1788–1822) was a subdivision of the Ottoman Empire centred on the region of Epirus and had a high degree of autonomy in the early 19th century under Ali Pasha, although it was never recognized as such by the Ottoman empire. Its core was the Ioannina Eyalet, centred on the city of Ioannina in southern Epirus, but at its peak it comprised most of Albania and the western portions of Thessaly and Greek Macedonia in Northern Greece.
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Trebizond Eyalet Trebizond Eyalet (Ottoman Turkish: ایالت طربزون; Eyālet-i Ṭrabzōn‎ ) or Trabzon Beylerbeyliği was an eyalet of the Ottoman Empire.
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Hatay State Hatay State (Turkish: "Hatay Devleti" , French: "État du Hatay" , Arabic: دولة خطاي‎ ‎ "Dawlat Khaṭāy"), also known informally as the Republic of Hatay, was a transitional political entity that existed from September 7, 1938, to June 29, 1939, in the territory of the Sanjak of Alexandretta of the French Mandate of Syria. The state was transformed "de jure" into the Hatay Province of Turkey on July 7, 1939, "de facto" joining the country on July 23, 1939. Hatay Province includes districts of Erzin, Dörtyol and Hassa in addition to former Hatay State territories.
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Rumelia Rumelia (Ottoman Turkish: روم ايلى‎ , "Rūm-ėli"; Turkish: "Rumeli" ; in Latin Genoese documents Romania, Bosnian: "Rumelija" , Greek: Ρωμυλία , "Romylía", or Ρούμελη, "Roúmeli"; Albanian: "Rumelia" ; Macedonian and Serbian: Румелија , "Rumelija" and Bulgarian: Румелия , "Rumeliya"), also known as Turkey in Europe, was a historical term describing the area now referred to as the Balkans (Balkan Peninsula) when it was administered by the Ottoman Empire.
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Ottoman–Habsburg wars The Ottoman–Habsburg wars were fought from the 16th through the 18th centuries between the Ottoman Empire and the Habsburg (later Austrian) Empire, which was at times supported by the Holy Roman Empire, Kingdom of Hungary and Habsburg Spain. The wars were dominated by land campaigns in Hungary (including Transylvania and Vojvodina), Croatia and Central Serbia.
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Koinon of the Zagorisians The "Koinon" of the Zagorisians (Greek: Κοινόν τῶν Ζαγορισίων ), alternatively Commons of the Zagorisians, League of the Zagorisians, League of Zagori, or Nohaye Zagor in Turkish, was an autonomous region of the Ottoman Empire.
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Shahrizor Eyalet Shahrizor Eyalet (Ottoman Turkish: ایالت شهر زور; Eyālet-i Šehr-i Zōr‎ ) was an eyalet of the Ottoman Empire covering the area of present-day Iraqi Kurdistan.
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Battle of Dilman The Battle of Dilman (April 15, 1915) was a battle fought at Dilman between the Russian Empire and the Ottoman Empire. More than half of the Ottoman troops were Kurdish, almost all of whom deserted. The result was a Russian-Armenian victory under Tovmas Nazarbekian and Andranik Ozanian. Apart from the Armenian officers who served under Tovmas Nazarbekian's Russian Caucasus Army, the Armenians also deployed a volunteer battalion under the leadership of their commander Andranik and with the participation of Smbat Baroyan.
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Hejaz Vilayet The Vilayet of the Hejaz (Arabic: ولاية الحجاز‎ ‎ "Wilayat al-Ḥijāz"; Ottoman Turkish: ولايت حجاز‎ "Vilâyet-i Hijaz") refers to the Hejaz region of Arabia when it was administered as a first-level province (vilayet) of the Ottoman Empire. At the beginning of the 20th century, it reportedly had an area of 96500 sqmi . The Hejaz included all land from the southern border of the Vilayet of Syria, south of the city of Ma‛an, to the northern border of the Vilayet of Yemen, north of the city of Al Lith.
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Ottoman–Mamluk War (1516–17) The Ottoman–Mamluk War of 1516–1517 was the second major conflict between the Egypt-based Mamluk Sultanate and the Ottoman Empire, which led to the fall of the Mamluk Sultanate and the incorporation of the Levant, Egypt and the Hejaz as provinces of the Ottoman Empire. The war transformed the Ottoman Empire from a realm at the margins of the Islamic world, mainly located in Anatolia and the Balkans, to a huge empire encompassing the traditional lands of Islam, including the cities of Mecca, Cairo, Damascus and Aleppo. It continued to be ruled however from Constantinople.
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Fourth Army (Ottoman Empire) The Fourth Army of the Ottoman Empire (Turkish: "Dördüncü Ordu") was one of the field armies of the Ottoman Army. It was formed in the middle nineteenth century, during Ottoman military reforms.
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Sivas Vilayet The Vilayet of Sivas (Ottoman Turkish: ولايت سيوس, Vilâyet-i Sivas‎ ;) was a first-level administrative division (vilayet) of the Ottoman Empire, and was one of the Six Armenian vilayets. The vilayet was bordered by Erzurum Vilayet to the east, Mamuretülaziz Vilayet to the south-east, the Trebizond Vilayet to the north and Ankara Vilayet to the west.
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Pashalik of Berat The Pashalik of Berat was a pashalik created in modern-day central Albania by Ahmet Kurt Pasha in 1774 and dissolved after Ahmet's ally, Ibrahim Pasha of Berat was defeated by Ali Pasha in 1809, thus incorporating the pashalik, with the Pashalik of Janina. This pashalik was one of the three pashaliks created by Albanians in the period of Albanian Pashaliks.
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Aidin Vilayet The Vilayet of Aidin or Aydin (Ottoman Turkish: ولايت ايدين, "Vilâyet-i Aidin"‎ ), also known as Vilayet of Smyrna or Izmir after its administrative centre, was a first-level administrative division (vilayet) of the Ottoman Empire in the south-west of Asia Minor, including the ancient regions of Lydia, Ionia, Caria and western Lycia. It was described by the 1911 "Encyclopædia Britannica" as the "richest and most productive province of Asiatic Turkey".
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Mosul Vilayet The Mosul Vilayet (Ottoman Turkish: ولايت موصل, Vilâyet-i Musul‎ ) was a first-level administrative division (vilayet) of the Ottoman Empire. It was created from the northern sanjaks of the Baghdad Vilayet in 1878.
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Vardar Army The Vardar Army of the Ottoman Empire (Turkish: "Vardar Ordusu") was one of the field armies under the command of the Western Army. It was formed during the mobilisation phase of the First Balkan War.
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Sanjak of Alexandretta The Sanjak of Alexandretta (Turkish: "İskenderun Sancağı" , French: "Sandjak d'Alexandrette" , Arabic: لواء الإسكندرونة‎ ‎ "/ Liwa' Al-Iskandarūna ") was a Mandate of Syria sanjak composed of two qadaas of the former Aleppo Vilayet (Alexandretta and Antioch, now İskenderun and Antakya) and became autonomous under Article 7 of the 1921 Treaty of Ankara: "A special administrative regime shall be established for the district of Alexandretta. The Turkish inhabitants of this district shall enjoy facility for their cultural development. The Turkish language shall have official recognition". That was because of the presence of Turkic peoples along with Syriacs and Arabs of various religious denominations: Sunni Muslims, Alawites, Syriac Orthodox, Greek Orthodox, Greek Catholics and Maronites. There were also communities of Armenians, Greeks, Assyrians, Jews and Kurds.
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Sanjak of Vize The Sanjak of Vize (Ottoman Turkish: "Sancak-i/Liva-i Vize") was a second-level Ottoman province ("sanjak" or "liva") encompassing the region of Vize in Eastern Thrace. After 1849 its seat was moved to Tekfürtaği, and until its end ca. 1920 the province was known as the Sanjak of Tekfürtaği.
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Sanjak of Segedin Sanjak of Segedin or Sanjak of Szeged (Turkish: Segedin Sancağı, Hungarian: Szegedi szandzsák, Serbian: Сегедински санџак) was an administrative unit of the Ottoman Empire formed in the 16th century. It was located in the Bačka (Bácska) region. Initially, it was part of the Budin Province, but in the 17th century it was included into Eğri Province. Administrative center of the Sanjak of Segedin was Segedin. It was captured by Austria between 1686-1688 and was left to Austria according to Treaty of Carlowitz in 1699.
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Kuva-yi Milliye Kuva-yi Milliye (Ottoman Turkish: "قواي ملّيه", "Kuvâ-yi Milliye" meaning either "National Forces" or "Nationalist Forces" in Ottoman Turkish) refers to the irregular Turkish militia forces in the early period of the Turkish War of Independence. These irregular forces emerged after the occupation of the parts of Turkey by the Allied forces in accordance with the Armistice of Mudros. Later, "Kuva-yi Milliye" was integrated to the regular army ("Kuva-yi Nizamiye") of the Grand National Assembly. Some historians call this period (1918–20) of the Turkish War of Independence the "Kuva-yi Milliye phase".
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Begzada Begzade (Kurdish), Beyzade (Turkic), and Begzadići (Slavic), Beizadea (Romanian), Begzadi (female) are titles given within the Ottoman Empire to provisional governors and military generals who are decedents of noble households and occupy important positions within the empire. The term "Beyzade" often appears in western accounts of the Ottoman Empire as superiors within the society, usually men who held a lot of authority. In Eastern Europe, Balkans, Caucasus, and some parts of Anatolia and Iraqi Kurdistan the title of Beyzade was given to Circassian princes who led parts of the Ottoman conquest in these regions.