In what conflict was Heinz-Wolfgang Schnaufer a commanding officer of a night fighter-wing?
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Nachtjagdgeschwader 4 "Nachtjagdgeschwader" 4 (NJG 4) was a Luftwaffe night fighter-wing of World War II. NJG 4 was formed on 18 April 1941 in Metz. The unit's objective was to counter RAF Bomber Command's strategic night-bombing offensive. The unit's commanding officers included Oberstleutnant Wolfgang Thimmig (October 1943 – November 1944) and Major Heinz-Wolfgang Schnaufer (20 November 1944 – 8 May 1945).
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Heinz-Wolfgang Schnaufer Heinz-Wolfgang Schnaufer (16 February 1922 – 15 July 1950) was a German "Luftwaffe" night-fighter pilot and the highest-scoring night fighter ace in the history of aerial warfare. A flying ace is a military aviator credited with shooting down five or more enemy aircraft during combat. All Schnaufer's 121 victories were claimed during World War II, mostly against British four-engine bombers, for which he was awarded the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves, Swords and Diamonds, Germany's highest military decoration at the time, on 16 October 1944. He was nicknamed "The Spook of St. Trond", from the location of his unit's base in occupied Belgium.
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Wolfram Freiherr von Richthofen Wolfram Freiherr von Richthofen (10 October 1895 – 12 July 1945) was a German field marshal of the "Luftwaffe" (German Air Force) during the World War II. Born in 1895 into a family of the Prussian nobility, Richthofen grew up in prosperous surroundings. At the age of eighteen, after leaving school, he opted to join the German Army rather than choose an academic career, and joined the army's cavalry arm in 1913.
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Jagdgeschwader 5 Jagdgeschwader 5 (JG 5) was a Luftwaffe fighter wing during World War II. It was created to operate in the far North of Europe, namely Norway, Scandinavia and northern parts of Finland, all nearest the Arctic Ocean, with Luftflotte 5, created specifically to be based in Occupied Norway, and responsible for much of northern Norway.
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Schlachtgeschwader 2 "Schlachtgeschwader" 2 (SG 2) "Immelmann" was a Luftwaffe Dive bomber-wing of World War II. It was named after Max Immelmann, the first German pilot to earn the Pour le Mérite.
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Hans-Ulrich Rudel Hans-Ulrich Rudel (2 July 1916 – 18 December 1982) was a German ground-attack pilot during World War II. Post-war, he was a prominent neo-Nazi activist in Latin America and West Germany.
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Otto Höhne Leutnant Otto Paul Wilhelm Höhne (30 April 1895 – 22 November 1969) was a German World War I flying ace credited with six confirmed aerial victories. Höhne was a pioneer ace; he was the first pilot to score a victory while flying the Albatros D.1 During World War II he was a recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross.
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Sonderkommando Elbe "Sonderkommando" ""Elbe"" was the name of a World War II Luftwaffe task force assigned to bring down heavy bombers by ramming aircraft into them mid-air. The tactic aimed to cause losses sufficient to halt or at least reduce the Western Allies' bombing of Germany.
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Joseph Schmid Joseph Schmid Born 24 September 1901, Died 30 August 1956, was a German General serving in the "Luftwaffe" during World War II and recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross, awarded by Nazi Germany for successful military leadership.
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Kampfgeschwader 54 "Kampfgeschwader" 54 "Totenkopf"(] ) (KG 54) was a Luftwaffe bomber wing during World War II. It served on nearly all the fronts in the European Theatre where the German Luftwaffe operated.
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Wolfgang Fischer Wolfgang Fischer (11 December 1888 – 1 February 1943) was an officer in the Wehrmacht of Nazi Germany during World War II. He was killed on 1 February 1943 near Mareth in Tunisia when his staff car drove into a poorly marked Italian minefield and hit a land mine. He lost his left arm and both of his legs in the blast. He bled to death while writing a farewell letter to his wife.
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Jagdgeschwader 143 "Jagdgeschwader" 143 was a fighter wing of Nazi Germany's Luftwaffe in World War II.
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Wilde Sau Wilde Sau (German for wild boar) was the term given by the "Luftwaffe" to the tactic used from 1943 to 1944 during World War II by which British night bombers were engaged by single-seat day-fighter aircraft flying in the Defence of the Reich.
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Wolfgang Schneiderhan (general) Wolfgang Schneiderhan (born 26 July 1946) is a German general who served as Chief of Staff of the "Bundeswehr", the German armed forces, from 2002 to 2009.
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Jagdgeschwader 300 "Jagdgeschwader" 300 (JG 300) was a Luftwaffe fighter-wing of World War II. JG 300 was formed on June 26, 1943 in Deelen as Stab/Versuchskommando Herrmann, from July 18, 1943 as Stab/JG Herrmann and finally renamed on August 20, 1943 to Stab/JG 300. Its first "Geschwaderkommodore" was Oberstleutnant Hajo Herrmann.
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Operation Corona Operation "Corona" was a Royal Air Force (RAF) initiative to confuse German nightfighters during RAF bomber raids on German cities during World War II. Both native speakers and people who could speak German to a standard where they could be taken for a native speaker impersonated German Air Defence officers. They initiated communications via radio with German nightfighter pilots and countermanded previously given orders, thus reducing the efficiency of German air defence.
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Paul Scheuerpflug Paul Scheuerpflug (3 July 1896 – 8 August 1945) was a German general during World War II who commanded the 68th Infantry Division. He was a recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves of Nazi Germany.
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Heinz Heuer Heinz Heuer (2 August 1918 – 6 January 2002) was a German military police (German: "Feldgendarmerie" ) officer who was awarded the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross for single-handedly destroying 13 Soviet tanks during the Battle of Berlin in the closing days of World War II. He was the only member of the "Feldgendarmerie" to be awarded the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross, the highest award in the military and paramilitary forces of Nazi Germany during World War II.
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Friedrich-August Schack Friedrich August Schack (27 March 1892 − 24 July 1968) was a German general during World War II. He is best known for his pyrrhic defense of Caen after the allied invasion, September 1944, and for his brief leadership of the LXXXI Army Corps defending Aachen and the Siegfried Line.
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Jagdgeschwader 231 "Jagdgeschwader" 231 was a fighter wing of Nazi Germany's Luftwaffe in World War II.
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Obersturmführer Obersturmführer (] , "senior storm leader") was a Nazi Party paramilitary rank that was used in several Nazi organisations, such as the SA, SS, NSKK and the NSFK. Translated as “senior assault (or storm) leader”. The rank was akin in seniority to that of a "Oberleutnant" in the German Army and also the equivalent of 1st lieutenant in foreign armies.
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Hermann Greiner Georg-Hermann Greiner (2 January 1920 – 26 September 2014) was a Luftwaffe night fighter ace who served during World War II. Greiner was recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves—the fourth highest German award by war's end. He was also a squadron commander in the prestigious "Nachtjagdgeschwader" 1 ("NJG" 1—Night Fighter Wing 1), the most successful night fighter interceptor unit of any nation in the history of aerial warfare.