What location is common to Knýtlinga saga and Cnut the Great?
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Knýtlinga saga Knýtlinga saga ("The Saga of Cnut's Descendants") is an Icelandic kings' saga written in the 1250s, which deals with the kings who ruled Denmark since the early 10th century.
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Cnut the Great Cnut the Great (Old Norse: "Knútr inn ríki"; c. 995 – 12 November 1035), also known as Canute - whose father was Sweyn Forkbeard (which gave him the patronym "Sweynsson", Old Norse: "Sveinsson") - was King of Denmark, England and Norway; together often referred to as the North Sea Empire. With the deaths of his heirs within a decade of his own, and Norman conquest of England in 1066, this legacy was mostly forgotten. He is popularly invoked in the context of the legend of "King Canute and the waves", which usually misrepresents him as a deluded monarch believing he has supernatural powers, contrary to the original legend which portrays a wise king who rebuked his courtiers for their fawning behaviour.
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Olaf II of Norway Olaf II Haraldsson (995 – 29 July 1030), later known as St. Olaf (and traditionally as St. Olave), was King of Norway from 1015 to 1028. He was posthumously given the title "Rex Perpetuus Norvegiae" (English: Eternal/Perpetual King of Norway ) and canonised at Nidaros in (Trondheim) by Bishop Grimkell, one year after his death in the Battle of Stiklestad on 29 July 1030. His remains were enshrined in Nidaros Cathedral, built over his burial site. His sainthood encouraged the widespread adoption of the Christian religion.
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Bergþórshvoll Bergþórshvoll (usually Anglicized as "Bergthorsknoll") is an important setting in the Icelandic saga "Njál's saga", the home and scene of the final burning of Njáll Þorgeirsson and his entire family.
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Oldest Saga of St. Olaf The Oldest Saga of St. Olaf or the First Saga of St. Olaf is one of the kings' sagas. It is the earliest Norse biography of King Óláfr Haraldsson. Early scholars judged it to be among the very first sagas written, perhaps around 1160, but later scholarship has moved the date up to the end of the 12th century. One fragment with a hagiographic flavour was once thought to belong to the saga but more recent research indicates that it is from another text. Like other kings' sagas the "Oldest Saga" cites old skaldic poetry to decorate and verify the narrative.
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Þórðr Kolbeinsson Þórðr Kolbeinsson ("Thordr Kolbeinsson") was an 11th-century Icelandic skald, or poet. He was the court poet of Eiríkr Hákonarson and some 17 stanzas of his poetry on the earl are preserved in the kings' sagas. The following example is from Eiríkr's campaign in England with Canute the Great.
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Sea-King A sea-king ("sækonungr") in the Norse sagas is a title given to a powerful Viking chieftain.
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Settlement of Iceland The settlement of Iceland (Icelandic: "Landnámsöld") is generally believed to have begun in the second half of the 9th century, when Norse settlers migrated across the North Atlantic. The reasons for the migration may be traced to a shortage of arable land in Scandinavia and civil strife brought about by the ambitions of the Norwegian king Harald I of Norway. Unlike the British Isles, Iceland was unsettled land and could be claimed without conflict with existing inhabitants.
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Ögmundar þáttr dytts Ögmundar þáttr dytts ok Gunnars helmings is one of the Icelandic "þættir". It was written in the 14th century. It relates the story of Ögmundr dyttr, a cousin of Víga-Glúmr from Víga-Glúms saga. He is insulted in Norway and achieves revenge in a clever way. The second part of the saga relates the adventures of Gunnarr helmingr and his interaction with a cult of Freyr in Sweden.
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Brattahlíð Brattahlíð, often anglicised as Brattahlid, was Erik the Red's estate in the Eastern Settlement Viking colony he established in south-western Greenland toward the end of the 10th century. The present settlement of Qassiarsuk, approximately 5 km southwest from the Narsarsuaq settlement, is now located in its place. The site is located about 96 km from the ocean, at the head of the Tunulliarfik Fjord, and hence sheltered from ocean storms. Erik and his descendants lived there until about the mid-15th century. The name "Brattahlíð" means "the steep slope".
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Hjaðningavíg Hjaðningavíg (the "battle of the Heodenings"), the legend of Heðinn and Hǫgni or the Saga of Hild is a Scandinavian legend from Norse mythology about a never-ending battle which is documented in "Sörla þáttr", "Ragnarsdrápa", "Gesta Danorum", "Skíðaríma" and in "Skáldskaparmál". It is also held to appear on the image stone at Stora Hammar on Gotland (see illustration). Moreover, it is alluded to in the Old English poems "Deor" and "Widsið", and in the Old Norse "Háttalykill inn forni", and a version of it survived down to the 18th century in the traditional Norn language ballad "Hildina".
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Annals of Lund The Annals of Lund (Danish: "Lundeårbogen", Latin: "Annales Lundenses") is a Latin manuscript written in Lund around 1250-1307. Several copies have survived to the modern day. "The Annals of Lund" are composed of two parts. The first part is based on earlier works, including the "Chronicon Lethrense", and discusses events from antiquity to 1256. The second part includes events from every year until 1307. This portion is unique to the "Annals of Lund" and primarily deals with Danish politics. The topics include the Norwegian King Erik’s offensive in Denmark and Erik Menved's marriage with Ingeborg of Sweden in 1296. Additionally, the Battle of Gestilren in Sweden in 1210 and the 1256 destruction of Refshaleborg fort on Lolland are described.
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Morkinskinna Morkinskinna is an Old Norse kings' saga, relating the history of Norwegian kings from approximately 1025 to 1157. The saga was written in Iceland around 1220, and has been preserved in a manuscript from around 1275.
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Cultural depictions of Cnut the Great Cnut the Great has been depicted in a number of fictional works.
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Knut Alvsson Knut Alvsson (1455 – 18 August 1502) was a Norwegian nobleman and landowner. He was the country's foremost Norwegian-born noble in his time and served as fief-holder in southern-central Norway.
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Hrothgar Hrothgar (Old English: "Hrōðgār" ] ; ) was a legendary Danish king living in the early 6th century.
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Liðsmannaflokkr Liðsmannaflokkr ("household troop's poem") is the title of a skaldic poem in ten stanzas describing the capture of London by Cnut the Great in 1016, preserved in "Óláfs saga helga" and "Flateyjarbók" (fol. 186v), and in a shorter version in "Knýtlinga saga".
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Emma of Normandy Emma of Normandy (c. 985 – 6 March 1052) was a queen consort of England, Denmark and Norway. She was the daughter of Richard I, Duke of Normandy, and his second wife, Gunnora. Through her marriages to Æthelred the Unready (1002-1016) and Cnut the Great (1017-1035), she became the Queen Consort of England, Denmark, and Norway. She was the mother of three sons, Edward the Confessor, Alfred, and Harthacnut, as well as two daughters, Goda of England, and Gunhilda of Denmark. Even after her husbands' deaths Emma remained in the public eye, and continued to participate actively in politics. She is the central figure within the "Encomium Emmae Reginae", a critical source for the history of early 11th-century English politics. As Catherine Karkov notes, Emma is one of the most visually represented early medieval queens.
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Brut Chronicle The Brut" Chronicle, also known as the Prose "Brut, is the collective name of a number of medieval chronicles of the history of England. The original Prose "Brut" was written in Anglo-Norman; it was subsequently translated into Latin and English. The chronicle begins England's history with the mythological founding of Britain by Brutus of Troy, named "Brut" in French and English; Brutus is the legendary great-grandson of Aeneas and his founding of Britain thus links that country to the grand history of Troy.
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Harthacnut I of Denmark Harthacnut or Cnut I (Danish: Hardeknud ) (born c. 880) was a semi-legendary King of Denmark. "Ragnarssona þáttr" makes Harthacnut son of the semi-mythic viking chieftain Sigurd Snake-in-the-Eye, himself one of the sons of the legendary Ragnar Lodbrok. The saga in turn makes Harthacnut the father of the historical king, Gorm. It has been suggested he is to be identified with the Hardegon of "Northmannia" whose early-10th century conquest of Denmark was related by Adam of Bremen.
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Brutus of Troy Brutus, or Brute of Troy, is a legendary descendant of the Trojan hero Aeneas, known in medieval British history as the eponymous founder and first king of Britain. This legend first appears in the "Historia Britonum", an anonymous 9th-century historical compilation to which commentary was added by Nennius, but is best known from the account given by the 12th-century chronicler Geoffrey of Monmouth in his "Historia Regum Britanniae". Notwithstanding this, he is not mentioned in any classical text and cannot be considered to be historical.
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Pinnata Castra Pinnata Castra (Ancient Greek: Πτερωτον Στρατοπεδον, "Pteroton Stratopedon") was a settlement located in the north of the island of Great Britain, featuring in Ptolemy's 2nd century "Geography" as one of the four places listed as belonging to the "Vacomagi" tribe. It is also included as "Pinnatis" in the Ravenna Cosmography.