What experimental work is the French physicist, born in 1947 who serves on the selection committee for the John Stewart Bell Prize established in 2009, well-known for?
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John Stewart Bell Prize The John Stewart Bell Prize for Research on Fundamental Issues in Quantum Mechanics and their Applications (short form: "Bell Prize") was established in 2009, funded and managed by the University of Toronto, Centre for Quantum Information & Quantum Control ("CQIQC"). It is awarded every odd-numbered year, for significant contributions relating to the foundations of quantum mechanics and to the applications of these principles – this covers, but is not limited to, quantum information theory, quantum computation, quantum foundations, quantum cryptography, and quantum control. The selection committee has included Gilles Brassard, Peter Zoller, Alain Aspect, John Preskill, and Juan Ignacio Cirac Sasturain, in addition to previous winners Sandu Popescu, Michel Devoret, and Nicolas Gisin.
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Alain Aspect Alain Aspect (] ; born 15 June 1947) is a French physicist noted for his experimental work on quantum entanglement.
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Blaise Pascal Blaise Pascal ( ; ] ; 19 June 1623 – 19 August 1662) was a French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer and Catholic theologian. He was a child prodigy who was educated by his father, a tax collector in Rouen. Pascal's earliest work was in the natural and applied sciences where he made important contributions to the study of fluids, and clarified the concepts of pressure and vacuum by generalising the work of Evangelista Torricelli. Pascal also wrote in defence of the scientific method.
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Jean-Yves Girard Jean-Yves Girard (] ; born 1947) is a French logician working in proof theory. He is the research director (emeritus) at the mathematical institute of Luminy.
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Jacques Stern Jacques Stern (born 21 August 1949) is a cryptographer, currently a professor at the École Normale Supérieure, where he is Director of the Computer Science Laboratory. He received the 2006 CNRS Gold Medal. His notable work includes the cryptanalysis of numerous encryption and signature schemes, the design of the Pointcheval–Stern signature algorithm, the Naccache–Stern cryptosystem and Naccache–Stern knapsack cryptosystem, and the block ciphers CS-Cipher, DFC, and xmx. Recently a spectacular total break of the SFLASH cryptosystem was discovered by Jacques Stern.
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Igor and Grichka Bogdanoff Igor Yourievitch Osten-Sacken-Bogdanoff and Grichka Yourievitch Osten-Sacken-Bogdanoff, (or Bogdanov; born 29 August 1949) are French television producers and scientific essayists who since the 1970s have presented various subjects in science fiction, popular science and cosmology. They were involved in a number of controversies, most notably the Bogdanov affair, in which it was alleged the brothers wrote nonsensical advanced physics papers that were nonetheless published in reputable scientific journals.
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Guglielmo Marconi Guglielmo Marconi, 1st Marquis of Marconi ( ; ] ; 25 April 187420 July 1937) was an Italian inventor and electrical engineer known for his pioneering work on long-distance radio transmission and for his development of Marconi's law and a radio telegraph system. He is usually credited as the inventor of radio, and he shared the 1909 Nobel Prize in Physics with Karl Ferdinand Braun "in recognition of their contributions to the development of wireless telegraphy".
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Jules Duchesne Jules Charles Duchesne (1911–1984) was a Belgian scientist. He was awarded the Francqui Prize on Exact Sciences and the Gold Medal of the Francqui Foundation in 1961, for his work on molecular physics.
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Pierre Gaspard Pierre Gaspard is a Belgian physicist and professor at the "Interdisciplinary Center for Nonlinear Phenomena and Complex Systems" and the "Service de Physique Non-Linéaire and Mécanique Statistique" of the Universite Libre de Bruxelles (ULB). His research interests are on nonlinear physics, statistical physics, and chemical physics. In 2006, he was awarded the Francqui Prize on Exact Sciences for his work on statistical mechanics.
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Erick Weinberg Erick J. Weinberg (born August 29, 1947) is a theoretical physicist and Professor of physics at the Department of Physics in Columbia University.
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André Lagarrigue André Lagarrigue (1924 – 14 January, 1975) was a French particle physicist. Being the initiator of the Gargamelle experiment at CERN, his work was of paramount importance in the discovery of neutral currents — the first experimental indication of the existence of the Z boson. This major discovery was a step towards verification of the electroweak theory, today a pillar of the Standard Model.
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Henri Bacry Henri Bacry (1928–2010) was Professor Emeritus at the Université de la Méditerranée. Henri Bacry was assistant of physics at the Faculté des Sciences d'Alger and then Professor of mathematics at Lycée Bugeaud, before becoming, in 1969, Professor at the Faculté des Sciences de Luminy. He was a visiting scholar at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton in 1966-6 and a researcher at CERN. He is the founder in 1972 of the International Colloquium of Group Theoretical Methods in Physics. He has numerous publications on theoretical physics, problems of symmetry in various fields ranging from relativity to particle physics, optics, physics of sound and statistical mechanics and some work in mathematics.
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Stern–Gerlach Medal The Stern–Gerlach Medal is the most prestigious German Award for experimental physicists, named after the scientists of the Stern–Gerlach experiment, Otto Stern and Walther Gerlach.
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K. Alex Müller Karl Alexander Müller (born April 20, 1927) is a Swiss physicist and Nobel laureate. He received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1987 with Georg Bednorz for their work in superconductivity in ceramic materials.
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Musée de Radio France The Musée de Radio France was a museum operated by Radio France and located in the Maison de Radio-France, near the Pont de Grenelle in the XVIe arrondissement at 116, avenue du Président Kennedy, Paris, France. The museum was established in 1966, and contained a remarkable collection of radios and televisions from their origins to the present day, including the 1793 telegraph by Claude Chappe and early crystal radios. The museum's 2000 objects include prototypes and commercial devices, archival documents, photographs, and manuscripts, replicas of early radio laboratories and studios, and exhibits featuring research by Edouard Branly, Lee de Forest, Heinrich Hertz, Guglielmo Marconi, James Clerk Maxwell, and Alexander Stepanovich Popov. In 2007, the museum was closed to the public due to the renovation of the Maison de Radio France.
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Barbara Cassin Barbara Cassin (] ; born October 24, 1947) is a French philologist and philosopher, born in 1947 in Boulogne-Billancourt. A past Director at Jacques Derrida's Collège international de philosophie and director of research (senior research chair) at the CNRS. In 2006 she succeeded Jonathan Barnes to the directorship of the leading centre of excellence in Ancient philosophy, Centre Leon-Robin, at the Sorbonne. Her work centers on Sophism and rhetoric, and their relation to philosophy. In a footnote in 2007's "Logic of Worlds", Alain Badiou portrays her work as a synthesis of Heideggerian thought with the linguistic turn. From 1991 to 2007 she co-directed with Alain Badiou the series L'Ordre Philosophique, at Le Seuil publishers. She is the author of "L'Effet Sophistique" (1995) and the editor of "Vocabulaire Européen des Philosophies", ( 2004) an international collective work of philosophers sponsored by the European Union. She has also written "Google-moi. La Deuxième Mission de l'Amérique" (2007), In September 2012 a Cerisy symposium about her works was held, with contributions by Xavier North, Étienne Balibar, Fernando Santoro, Michel Deguy, Souleymane Bachir Diagne, Philippe-Joseph Salazar and Alain Badiou.
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Augustin-Louis Cauchy Baron Augustin-Louis Cauchy FRS FRSE (] ; 21 August 1789 – 23 May 1857) was a French mathematician and physicist who made pioneering contributions to analysis. He was one of the first to state and prove theorems of calculus rigorously, rejecting the heuristic principle of the generality of algebra of earlier authors. He almost singlehandedly founded complex analysis and the study of permutation groups in abstract algebra. A profound mathematician, Cauchy had a great influence over his contemporaries and successors. His writings range widely in mathematics and mathematical physics.
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Ludwig Boltzmann Prize The Ludwig Boltzmann Prize is awarded by the Austrian Physical Society and honors outstanding achievements in theoretical physics. It is named after the famous Austrian physicist Ludwig Boltzmann.
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Marcel Benoist Prize The Marcel Benoist Prize, offered by the Marcel Benoist Foundation, is a monetary prize that has been offered annually since 1920 to a scientist of Swiss nationality or residency who has made the most useful scientific discovery. Emphasis is placed on those discoveries affecting human life. Since 1997, candidates in the humanities have also been eligible for the prize.
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Jean Becquerel Jean Becquerel (5 February 1878 – 4 July 1953) was a French physicist, and son of Antoine-Henri Becquerel. He worked on the optical and magnetic properties of crystals, discovering the rotation of the plane of polarisation by a magnetic field. He also published a textbook on relativity. In 1909, he became the fourth in his family to occupy the physics chair at the Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, following in the footsteps of his father, his grandfather A. E. Becquerel and his great-grandfather Antoine César Becquerel.
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Peter Higgs Peter Ware Higgs (born 29 May 1929) is a British theoretical physicist, emeritus professor at the University of Edinburgh, and Nobel Prize laureate for his work on the mass of subatomic particles.
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Enrico Fermi Prize The Enrico Fermi Prize, first awarded in 2001, is given by the Italian Physical Society (Società Italiana di Fisica). It is a yearly award of EUR 30,000 honoring one or more Members of the Society who have "particularly honoured physics with their discoveries."