What vitamin is David P. Ballou known for studying?
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David Ballou David P. Ballou is a professor of biological chemistry at the University of Michigan Medical School in the United States. He is best known for his development of rapid-reaction techniques, including stopped flow and rapid freeze-quench EPR methods, as tools to study the mechanisms of enzymes containing flavin, iron, cobalamin, or pyridoxal phosphate cofactors. Many of these studies were performed in collaboration with other scientists, most often with colleagues at Michigan.
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Vitamin B12 Vitamin B, also called cobalamin, is a water-soluble vitamin that has a key role in the normal functioning of the brain and nervous system via the synthesis of myelin (myelinogenesis), and the formation of red blood cells. It is one of eight B vitamins. It is involved in the metabolism of every cell of the human body, especially affecting DNA synthesis, fatty acid and amino acid metabolism. No fungi, plants, or animals (including humans) are capable of producing vitamin B. Only bacteria and archaea have the enzymes needed for its synthesis. Some substantial sources of B include animal products (shellfish, meat), fortified food products, and dietary supplements. B is the largest and most structurally complicated vitamin and can be produced industrially through bacterial fermentation synthesis, typically used to manufacture B for fortified foods and supplements. It can also be produced synthetically via vitamin B total synthesis.
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Edwin N. Lightfoot Lightfoot received his B.S. and Ph.D. degrees in Chemical Engineering from Cornell University. After graduate school he worked for Pfizer & Co in Brooklyn where he received US Patent US2787578 A for his development of a commercial process for recovering and purifying vitamin B12. He began his teaching career at the University of Wisconsin-Madison and later became a Professor of Chemical and Biological Engineering. Currently he is the Hilldale Professor Emeritus in the Department. His research interest are in the development of improved separation processes and controlling the dynamics of biological systems.
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Vitamin B1 analogue Vitamin B analogues are analogues of vitamin B, thiamine. They typically have improved bioavailability relative to thiamine itself, and are used to treat conditions caused by vitamin B deficiency. These conditions include beriberi, Korsakoff's syndrome, Wernicke's encephalopathy and diabetic neuropathy.
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Deoxypyridinoline Deoxypyridinoline, also called D-Pyrilinks, Pyrilinks-D, or deoxyPYD, is one of two pyridinium cross-links that provide structural stiffness to type I collagen found in bones. It is excreted unmetabolized in urine and is a specific marker of bone resorption and osteoclastic activity. It is measured in urine tests and is used along with other bone markers such as alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin, and N-terminal telopeptide to diagnose bone diseases such as postmenopausal osteoporosis, bone metastasis, and Paget's disease, furthermore, it has been useful in monitoring treatments that contain bone-active agents such as estrogens and bisphosphonates.
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David Baltimore David Baltimore (born March 7, 1938) is an American biologist, university administrator, and 1975 Nobel laureate in Physiology or Medicine. He served as president of the California Institute of Technology (Caltech) from 1997 to 2006, and is currently the President Emeritus and Robert Andrews Millikan Professor of Biology at Caltech. He also served as president of Rockefeller University from 1990 to 1991, and was president of the American Association for the Advancement of Science in 2007. Baltimore has profoundly influenced international science, including key contributions to immunology, virology, cancer research, biotechnology, and recombinant DNA research, through his accomplishments as a researcher, administrator, educator, and public advocate for science and engineering. He has trained many doctoral students and postdoctoral fellows, several of whom have gone on to notable and distinguished research careers. In addition to the Nobel Prize, he has received a number of awards, including the U.S. National Medal of Science in 1999. Baltimore currently sits on the Board of Sponsors for the "Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists" and is a consultant to the Science Philanthropy Alliance.
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Delta-Tocopherol δ-Tocopherol is one of the chemical compounds that is considered vitamin E. As a food additive, it has E number E309.
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Vitamin E Vitamin E refers to a group of compounds that include both tocopherols and tocotrienols. Of the many different forms of vitamin E, γ-tocopherol is the most common form found in the North American diet. γ-Tocopherol can be found in corn oil, soybean oil, margarine, and dressings. α-tocopherol, the most biologically active form of vitamin E, is the second-most common form of vitamin E in the diet. This variant can be found most abundantly in wheat germ oil, sunflower, and safflower oils. As a fat-soluble antioxidant, it interrupts the propagation of reactive oxygen species that spread through biological membranes or through a fat when its lipid content undergoes oxidation by reacting with more-reactive lipid radicals to form more stable products. Regular consumption of more than 1,000 mg (1,500 IU) of tocopherols per day may be expected to cause hypervitaminosis E, with an associated risk of vitamin K deficiency and consequently of bleeding problems.
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Sho-saiko-to Sho-Saiko-To or SST (), also known as Minor Bupuleurum Formula and "Xiao Chai Hu Tang" in Chinese小柴胡汤, is a herbal supplement, believed to enhance liver health. Sho-Saiko-To is a widely used prescription drug in China and is a listed formula in China. There are currently ongoing clinical trials for Sho-Saiko-To at University of California, San Diego and Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center. The active ingredients of Sho-Saiko-To discovered so far include: Baicalin, Baicalein, Glycyrrhizin, Saikosaponins, Ginsenosides, Wogonin, Gingerol.
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Hypervitaminosis E Hypervitaminosis E is a state of vitamin E toxicity. Since vitamin E can act as an anticoagulant and may increase the risk of bleeding problems, many agencies have set a tolerable upper intake levels (UL) for vitamin E at 1,000 mg (1,500 IU) per day. This UL was established due to an increased incidence of hemorrhaging with higher doses of supplemental vitamin E. Doses of vitamin E above the UL can also magnify the antiplatelet effects of certain drugs such as anti-coagulant medications and aspirin, which can cause life-threatening symptoms in ill patients. Hypervitaminosis E may also counteract vitamin K, leading to a vitamin K deficiency.
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Phytomenadione Phytomenadione, also known as vitamin K or phylloquinone, is a vitamin found in food and used as a dietary supplement. As a supplement it is used to treat certain bleeding disorders. This includes in warfarin overdose, vitamin K deficiency, and obstructive jaundice. It is also recommended to prevent and treat hemorrhagic disease of the newborn. Use is typically recommended by mouth or injection under the skin. Use by injection into a vein or muscle is recommended only when other routes are not possible. When given by injection benefits are seen within two hours.
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David Delpy David Thomas Delpy, {'1': ", '2': ", '3': ", '4': "} FREng (born 11 August 1948), is a British bioengineer, and Hamamatsu Professor of Medical Photonics, at University College London.
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David Bolinsky David Bolinsky (born May 2, 1952) is a former lead medical illustrator at Yale. He is a co-founder of XVIVO, which produced the movie The Inner Life of the Cell.
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Plant nutrition Plant nutrition is the study of the chemical elements and compounds necessary for plant growth, plant metabolism and their external supply. In 1972, Emanuel Epstein defined two criteria for an element to be essential for plant growth:
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Banana bag A banana bag (or rally pack) is a bag of IV fluids containing vitamins and minerals. The bags typically contain thiamine, folic acid, and magnesium sulfate, and are usually used to correct nutritional deficiencies or chemical imbalances in the human body. The solution has a yellow color, hence the term "banana bag".
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Wernicke's encephalopathy Wernicke's encephalopathy (or Wernicke's disease) is the presence of neurological symptoms caused by biochemical lesions of the central nervous system after exhaustion of B-vitamin reserves, in particular thiamine (vitamin B1). The condition is part of a larger group of diseases related to thiamine insufficiency, including beriberi in all its forms, and Korsakoff syndrome. When Wernicke's encephalopathy occurs simultaneously with Korsakoff syndrome it is known as Wernicke–Korsakoff syndrome.
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Panthenol Panthenol (also called pantothenol) is the alcohol analog of pantothenic acid (vitamin B), and is thus a provitamin of B. In organisms it is quickly oxidized to pantothenic acid. It is a viscous transparent liquid at room temperature. Panthenol is used as a moisturizer and to improve wound healing in pharmaceutical and cosmetic products.
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Chloro(pyridine)cobaloxime Chloro(pyridine)cobaloxime is a coordination compound containing a Co center with octahedral coordination. It has been considered as a model compound of vitamin B for studying the properties and mechanism of action of the vitamin. It belongs to a class of bis(dimethylglyoximato)cobalt(III) complexes with different axial ligands, called cobaloximes. Chloro(pyridine)cobaloxime is a yellow-brown powder that is sparingly soluble in most solvents, including water.
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Beatrice (psychedelic) Beatrice, MDO-D, MDOM, or 4-methyl-2,5-dimethoxymethamphetamine, is a lesser-known psychedelic drug. It is an analog of Methamphetamine and a homolog of DOM. Beatrice was first synthesized by Alexander Shulgin. In his book "PiHKAL (Phenethylamines i Have Known And Loved)", the minimum dosage is listed as 30 mg, and the duration listed as 6–10 hours. Beatrice produces a vague feeling of openness and receptiveness, and causes a stimulative effect. It also causes diarrhea. Very little data exists about the pharmacological properties, metabolism, and toxicity of Beatrice.
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David R. Brown (neuroscientist) Professor David Ronald Brown (born 7 September 1964, Sydney, Australia) is an Australian-born research scientist notable for his work on prion diseases, which include bovine spongiform encephalopathy and vCJD. His most notable research relates to the metal binding of the protein central to these diseases, the prion protein, and its possible cellular role as an antioxidant.
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Julian Whitaker Julian M. Whitaker (born August 7, 1944) is a practitioner of alternative medicine who promotes vitamin cures and other alternative therapies through the Internet, self-published newsletters, and books. He operates the Whitaker Wellness Institute in Newport Beach, California. He has a California Physician and Surgeon license, #C34663, which was originally issued on November 17, 1972. He is a member of the American College for Advancement in Medicine. He is past president of the American Preventive Medical Association, now called The Alliance for Natural Health USA, which "is part of an international organization dedicated to promoting sustainable health and freedom of choice in healthcare through good science and good law".
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Dianazene Dianazene was the name given by L. Ron Hubbard to a vitamin supplement containing iron, Vitamin C, and various B vitamins, including especially large doses of niacin. Hubbard promoted it as a form of protection against radiation poisoning during the 1950s, saying that "Dianazene runs out radiation - or what appears to be radiation. It also proofs a person against radiation in some degree. It also turns on and runs out incipient cancer."