In what year was this English physician born, who, in 1808 described hypertension as a disease?
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History of hypertension The modern history of hypertension begins with the understanding of the cardiovascular system based on the work of physician William Harvey (1578–1657), who described the circulation of blood in his book ""De motu cordis"". The English clergyman Stephen Hales made the first published measurement of blood pressure in 1733. Descriptions of hypertension as a disease came among others from Thomas Young in 1808 and especially Richard Bright in 1836. The first report of elevated blood pressure in a person without evidence of kidney disease was made by Frederick Akbar Mahomed (1849–1884). The concept of hypertensive disease as a generalized circulatory disease was taken up by Sir Clifford Allbutt, who termed the condition “hyperpiesia”. However hypertension as a medical entity really came into being in 1896 with the invention of the cuff-based sphygmomanometer by Scipione Riva-Rocci in 1896. This allowed blood pressure to be measured in the clinic. In 1905, Nikolai Korotkoff improved the technique by describing the Korotkoff sounds that are heard when the artery is ausculated with a stethoscope while the sphygmomanometer cuff is deflated.
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Thomas Young (scientist) Thomas Young (13 June 1773 – 10 May 1829) was an English polymath and physician. Young made notable scientific contributions to the fields of vision, light, solid mechanics, energy, physiology, language, musical harmony, and Egyptology. He "made a number of original and insightful innovations" in the decipherment of Egyptian hieroglyphs (specifically the Rosetta Stone) before Jean-François Champollion eventually expanded on his work. He was mentioned by, among others, William Herschel, Hermann von Helmholtz, James Clerk Maxwell, and Albert Einstein. Young has been described as "The Last Man Who Knew Everything".
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Cuthbert Collingwood (naturalist) Cuthbert Collingwood (1826–1908) was an English naturalist, surgeon and physician.
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Joseph Townsend Joseph Townsend (4 April 1739 – 9 November 1816) was a physician, geologist and vicar of Pewsey in Wiltshire, perhaps best known for his 1786 treatise "A Dissertation on the Poor Laws" in which he expounded a naturalistic theory of economics and opposed the provision state provision, either outdoor or otherwise.
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James Sims (physician) James Sims (1741–1820) was an Anglo-Irish physician.
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James Gregory (physician) Prof James Gregory FRSE FRCPE (January 17532 April 1821) was a Scottish physician and classicist.
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Charles Foster Barham Charles Foster Barham, M.D. (9 March 1804 – 20 October 1884) was an English physician and the fourth son of Thomas Foster Barham.
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Francis Sibson Francis Sibson FRS (21 May 1814 – 7 September 1876) was an English physician and anatomist.
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Michael Underwood (physician) Michael Underwood (1736–1820) was an English physician and surgeon. He is a relevant figure in the history of medicine and pediatrics for having given the first known description of several childhood diseases, infantile paralysis included.
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Francis Bellinger Francis Bellinger (died September 1721) was an English physician. He was educated at Brasenose College, Oxford and was admitted licentiate of the Royal College of Physicians on 29 March 1708. He practised at Stamford, and afterwards in London. He was an original member of the Spalding Society. He was author of "A Discourse concerning the Nutrition of the Foetus" in 1717 and also published work on smallpox shortly before his death.
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Humphrey Francis Humphreys Humphrey Francis Humphreys {'1': ", '2': ", '3': ", '4': "} (1885–1977) was a British physician, academic and university administrator.
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Phineas Fowke Phineas Fowke, M.D. (1638–1710), was an English physician.
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George Smith Gibbes Sir George Smith Gibbes M.D. (1771–1851) was an English physician and writer.
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Benjamin Fonseca Outram Sir Benjamin Fonseca Outram (1774–1856) was an English naval surgeon, physician and medical inspector.
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Henry Power Henry Power FRS (1623–1668) was an English physician and experimenter, one of the first elected Fellows of the Royal Society.
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Sir Charles Mansfield Clarke, 1st Baronet Sir Charles Mansfield Clarke, 1st Baronet {'1': ", '2': ", '3': ", '4': "} (28 May 1782 – 7 September 1857) was a British surgeon. A notable surgeon and physician, widely respected in London and Norfolk, he was the son of a surgeon, John Clarke of Chancery Lane, London, and brother of a well-known obstetrician, John Clarke (1758–1815).
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William Addison (physician) William Addison FRS (1803 - 26 September 1881) was a British physician.
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William Burnett Sir William Burnett, KCB, FRS (16 January 1779 – 16 February 1861) was a British physician who served as Physician-General of the Royal Navy.
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Nathaniel Johnston Nathaniel Johnston M.D. (1627 – 1705) was an English physician, political theorist and antiquary.
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William Hawes (physician) William Hawes M.D. (1736–1808) was an English physician, founder of the Royal Humane Society.
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Edward Pearson Edward Pearson (1756–1811) was an English academic and theologian, Master of Sidney Sussex College, Cambridge from 1808.
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John Cheyne (physician) Dr John Cheyne FRSE (3 February 1777 – 31 January 1836) was a British physician, surgeon and author of monographs on a number of medical topics. He was one of the people to identify Cheyne–Stokes respiration.