The standard convergence test for infinite series was named after a French mathematician and physicist who was born on what day?
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Cauchy condensation test In mathematics, the Cauchy condensation test, named after Augustin-Louis Cauchy, is a standard convergence test for infinite series. For a non-negative, non-increasing sequence formula_1 of real numbers, the series formula_2 converges if and only if the "condensed" series formula_3 converges. Moreover, if they converge, the sum of the condensed series is no more than twice as large as the sum of the original.
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Augustin-Louis Cauchy Baron Augustin-Louis Cauchy FRS FRSE (] ; 21 August 1789 – 23 May 1857) was a French mathematician and physicist who made pioneering contributions to analysis. He was one of the first to state and prove theorems of calculus rigorously, rejecting the heuristic principle of the generality of algebra of earlier authors. He almost singlehandedly founded complex analysis and the study of permutation groups in abstract algebra. A profound mathematician, Cauchy had a great influence over his contemporaries and successors. His writings range widely in mathematics and mathematical physics.
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Edmond Laguerre Edmond Nicolas Laguerre (April 9, 1834, Bar-le-Duc – August 14, 1886, Bar-le-Duc) was a French mathematician, a member of the Académie française (1885). His main works were in the areas of geometry and complex analysis. He also investigated orthogonal polynomials (see Laguerre polynomials). Laguerre's method is a root-finding algorithm tailored to polynomials. He laid the foundations of a geometry of oriented spheres (Laguerre geometry and Laguerre plane), including the Laguerre transformation or transformation by reciprocal directions.
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Antoine Augustin Cournot Antoine Augustin Cournot (28 August 180131 March 1877) was a French philosopher and mathematician who also contributed to the development of economics theory.
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Louis Napoleon George Filon Louis Napoleon George Filon, FRS (22 November 1875 – 29 December 1937) was a French-born English applied mathematician, famous for his research on classical mechanics and particularly the theory of elasticity and the mechanics of continuous media. He also developed a method for the numerical quadrature of oscillatory integrals, now known as "Filon quadrature". He was Vice Chancellor of the University of London from 1933–35.
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Jean-Louis Nicolas Jean-Louis Nicolas is a French number theorist.
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Bertrand de Jouvenel Bertrand de Jouvenel des Ursins, usually known only as Bertrand de Jouvenel (31 October 1903 – 1 March 1987), was a French philosopher, political economist, and futurist.
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Marie Henri Andoyer Marie Henri Andoyer (October 1, 1862, Paris – June 12, 1929) was a French astronomer and mathematician.
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Jean Céa Jean Céa (born 1932, Aïn Témouchent) is a French mathematician.
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Émile Amagat Émile Hilaire Amagat (2 January 1841, Saint-Satur – 15 February 1915) was a French physicist. His doctoral thesis, published in 1872, expanded on the work of Thomas Andrews, and included plots of the isotherms of carbon dioxide at high pressures. Amagat published a paper in 1877 that contradicted the current understanding at the time, concluding that the coefficient of compressibility of fluids decreased with increasing pressure. He continued to publish data on isotherms for a number of different gases between 1879 and 1882, and invented the hydraulic manometer, which was able to withstand up to 3200 atmospheres, as opposed to 400 atmospheres using a glass apparatus. In 1880 he published his Law of Partial Volumes.
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Alain Connes Alain Connes (] ; born 1 April 1947) is a French mathematician, currently Professor at the Collège de France, IHÉS, Ohio State University and Vanderbilt University. He was an Invited Professor at the Conservatoire national des arts et métiers (2000).
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Pierre-Gilles de Gennes Pierre-Gilles de Gennes (] ; October 24, 1932 – May 18, 2007) was a French physicist and the Nobel Prize laureate in physics in 1991.
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François Nicole François Nicole (December 23, 1683 – January 18, 1758) was a French mathematician, born in Paris and died there, who published his "Traité du calcul des différences finies" in 1717; it contains rules both for forming differences and for effecting the summation of given series. Besides this, in 1706 he wrote a work on roulettes, especially spherical epicycloids; and in 1729 and 1731 he published memoirs on Newton's essay on curves of the third degree.
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Étienne-Louis Malus Étienne-Louis Malus (] ; 23 July 1775 – 24 February 1812) was a French officer, engineer, physicist, and mathematician.
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Émile Léonard Mathieu Émile Léonard Mathieu (] ; 15 May 1835, Metz – 19 October 1890, Nancy) was a French mathematician. He is most famous for his work in group theory and mathematical physics. He has given his name to the Mathieu functions, Mathieu groups and Mathieu transformation. He authored a treatise of mathematical physics in 6 volumes.
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Blaise Pascal Blaise Pascal ( ; ] ; 19 June 1623 – 19 August 1662) was a French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer and Catholic theologian. He was a child prodigy who was educated by his father, a tax collector in Rouen. Pascal's earliest work was in the natural and applied sciences where he made important contributions to the study of fluids, and clarified the concepts of pressure and vacuum by generalising the work of Evangelista Torricelli. Pascal also wrote in defence of the scientific method.
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Γ-convergence In the calculus of variations, Γ-convergence (Gamma-convergence) is a notion of convergence for functionals. It was introduced by Ennio de Giorgi.
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Carl Friedrich Gauss Johann Carl Friedrich Gauss ( ; German: "Gauß" , ] ; Latin: "Carolus Fridericus Gauss" ) (30 April 177723 February 1855) was a German mathematician who contributed significantly to many fields, including number theory, algebra, statistics, analysis, differential geometry, geodesy, geophysics, mechanics, electrostatics, magnetic fields, astronomy, matrix theory, and optics.
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Lebesgue measure In measure theory, the Lebesgue measure, named after French mathematician Henri Lebesgue, is the standard way of assigning a measure to subsets of "n"-dimensional Euclidean space. For "n" = 1, 2, or 3, it coincides with the standard measure of length, area, or volume. In general, it is also called n"-dimensional volume, n"-volume, or simply volume. It is used throughout real analysis, in particular to define Lebesgue integration. Sets that can be assigned a Lebesgue measure are called Lebesgue measurable; the measure of the Lebesgue measurable set "A" is denoted by λ("A").
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Alexandre Koyré Alexandre Koyré (] ; 29 August 1892 – 28 April 1964), also anglicized as Alexandre or Alexander Koyre, was a French philosopher of Russian origin who wrote on the history and philosophy of science.
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Gauss–Kuzmin distribution In mathematics, the Gauss–Kuzmin distribution is a discrete probability distribution that arises as the limit probability distribution of the coefficients in the continued fraction expansion of a random variable uniformly distributed in (0, 1). The distribution is named after Carl Friedrich Gauss, who derived it around 1800, and Rodion Kuzmin, who gave a bound on the rate of convergence in 1929. It is given by the probability mass function
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Antoine Lavoisier Antoine-Laurent de Lavoisier (also Antoine Lavoisier after the French Revolution; ] ; 26 August 17438 May 1794;) was a French nobleman and chemist central to the 18th-century chemical revolution and had a large influence on both the history of chemistry and the history of biology. He is widely considered in popular literature as the "father of modern chemistry".