Where was Unico National established after Sacco and Vanzetti were sentenced to death?
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Unico National Unico National is a service organization of Italian Americans established in Waterbury, Connecticut in 1922 to "engage in charitable works, support higher education, and perform patriotic deeds". According to its website, it is the "largest Italian American service organization in the USA". At that time of its founding, the trial of anarchists Sacco and Vanzetti was in the news, and many stories fostered a belief that Italian Americans were loyal primarily to their homeland. Unico was founded to show that Italian Americans were loyal to America first and held no allegiance to Italy except through cultural traditions.
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Sacco and Vanzetti After a few hours' deliberation on July 14, 1921, the jury convicted Sacco and Vanzetti of first-degree murder and they were sentenced to death by the trial judge. A series of appeals followed, funded largely by the private Sacco and Vanzetti Defense Committee. The appeals were based on recanted testimony, conflicting ballistics evidence, a prejudicial pre-trial statement by the jury foreman, and a confession by an alleged participant in the robbery. All appeals were denied by trial judge Webster Thayer and also later denied by the Massachusetts State Supreme Court. By 1926, the case had drawn worldwide attention. As details of the trial and the men's suspected innocence became known, Sacco and Vanzetti became the center of one of the largest causes célèbres in modern history. In 1927, protests on their behalf were held in every major city in North America and Europe, as well as in Tokyo, Sydney, São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, Buenos Aires, and Johannesburg.
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National University of Catamarca The National University of Catamarca (Spanish: "Universidad Nacional de Catamarca" , UNCA) is an Argentine national university, situated in the city of Catamarca, capital of Catamarca Province.
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Vangelo The Vangelo is a high rank within the 'Ndrangheta, a criminal organisation in Calabria (Italy). Vangelo literally means Gospel and a member is called a "vangelista" (plural: "vangelisti"). The rank was established around 1978, when the rank of "santista" (a member of La Santa) became inflated because the original membership of 33 expanded.
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Addiopizzo Addiopizzo (English: "Goodbye Pizzo" ) is a grassroots movement established in Sicily to build a community of businesses and consumers who refuse to pay "pizzo" – Mafia extortion money. It is a grassroots social-conscience motivated consumer movement analogous to Fair Trade. The group, led by a generation whose adolescence was characterized by the murders of anti-Mafia judges, journalists and businessmen, operates in the Palermo and Catania metropolitan area, traditionally a Mafia stronghold.
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New York City Police Department The New York City Police Department (NYPD), officially the City of New York Police Department, is the largest municipal police force in the United States. Established in 1845, the agency has primary responsibilities in law enforcement and investigation within the five boroughs of New York City. The NYPD is one of the oldest police departments established in the U.S., tracing its roots back to the nineteenth century.
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San Francisco National Cemetery San Francisco National Cemetery is an United States national cemetery, located in the Presidio of San Francisco, California. Because of the name and location, it is frequently confused with Golden Gate National Cemetery, a few miles south of the city.
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National Alliance (United States) The National Alliance is a white supremacist, neo-Nazi, anti-semitic and white separatist political organization. It was founded by prominent white supremacist William Luther Pierce in 1974, and was based in Hillsboro, West Virginia.
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Unicoi, Tennessee Unicoi is a town in Unicoi County, Tennessee, United States. The population was 3,519 at the 2000 census and 3,632 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Johnson City Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is a component of the Johnson City–Kingsport–Bristol, TN-VA Combined Statistical Area – commonly known as the "Tri-Cities" region.
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Houston crime family The Houston crime family, often labeled as the Houston mob, Galveston Island mob or simply Island Mob was an Italian-American organized crime family centered in the Houston area, and beginning in the resort town of Galveston, Texas, just south of Houston. The family is credited as being influential in the development of Galveston Island into a resort town. The family reached its peak of power during the 1920s during the prohibition, where Sam Maceo led the family to control the illegal distribution of alcohol, prostitution, as well as gambling.
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Mafia–Camorra War The Mafia–Camorra War was a gang war in New York City that lasted from 1915-1917. On one side was the originally Sicilian Morello crime family of Manhattan, on the other side were gangs originally from Naples and the surrounding Campania region, based in Navy Street in Brooklyn and Coney Island referred to as the Camorra. The fight over the control of the New York rackets started after the killing of Giosue Gallucci, the undisputed "King of Little Italy", and his son on May 17, 1915. The trials that followed in 1918 completely smashed the Camorra gangs, the protection that they enjoyed was demolished from the testimonies of their own men. It was the end of the Camorra in New York and the rise in power of American-based Sicilian Mafia groups.
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Norfolk County Courthouse The Norfolk County Courthouse is a National Historic Landmark at 650 High Street in Dedham, Massachusetts. It currently houses the Norfolk County Superior Court. It is significant as a well-preserved Greek Revival courthouse of the 1820s, and as the site a century later of the famous Sacco-Vanzetti trial. The building was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1972, and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
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Jackie DiNorscio Giacomo "Jackie" DiNorscio (July 20, 1940 – November 14, 2004) was a member of the Philadelphia and later the Lucchese crime families. DiNorscio died near the end of the shooting of the film "Find Me Guilty", which portrayed his participation as his own lawyer (pro se) in "United States v. Anthony Accetturo et al." RICO trial, famous for being the longest federal trial in history (at 21 months). This trial was conducted while DiNorscio was already incarcerated on separate drug charges. He was ultimately found not guilty (as well as his fellow co-defendants) after a short deliberation of the jury. After the trial, DiNorscio went back to prison; he was released on November 23, 2002, after serving 17.5 years of a 30-year sentence.
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Havana Conference The Havana Conference of 1946 was a historic meeting of United States Mafia and Cosa Nostra leaders in Havana, Cuba. Supposedly arranged by Charles "Lucky" Luciano, the conference was held to discuss important mob policies, rules, and business interests. The Havana Conference was attended by delegations representing crime families throughout the United States. The conference was held during the week of December 22, 1946 at the Hotel Nacional. The Havana Conference is considered to have been the most important mob summit since the Atlantic City Conference of 1929. Decisions made in Havana resonated throughout the US crime families for the ensuing decades.
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Quantico National Cemetery Quantico National Cemetery is a national cemetery in Triangle, Virginia for veterans who served in the United States Armed Forces. Adjacent to and originally part of Marine Corps Base Quantico, it was established as a national cemetery in 1983 with an area of 725 acre .
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Crown Hill National Cemetery Crown Hill National Cemetery is a U.S. National Cemetery located in the city of Indianapolis, Marion County, Indiana. It was established in 1866 on Section 10 at Crown Hill Cemetery, a privately owned cemetery on the city's northwest side. Administered by the United States Department of Veterans Affairs, the National Cemetery encompasses 1.4 acre and serves as a burial site for Union soldiers who fought in the American Civil War.
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Honoured Society (Australia) The Honoured Society (Italian: "Onorata Società" ) is a Calabrian 'Ndrangheta criminal confederation, started in Melbourne and currently active in all Australia. In 1963, it was reportedly involved in the Victoria Market Murders. It was led by gangster Frank Benvenuto until his slaying in 2000. Tony Romeo, another high-ranking member, was shot in 2002.
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San Juan Island National Historical Park San Juan Island National Historical Park, also known as American and English Camps, San Juan Island, is a U.S. National Historical Park owned and operated by the National Park Service on San Juan Island in the state of Washington. The park is made up of the sites of the British and U.S. Army camps during the Pig War, a boundary dispute over the ownership of the island. Both of these camps were set up in 1859 as response to a border controversy triggered by the killing of a pig. The camps were occupied for 12 years, until the islands were awarded to the United States by Kaiser Wilhelm I in an arbitration agreed by the parties in the 1872 Treaty of Washington. The British abandoned their camp in November 1872, while the American camp was disbanded in July 1874. The camp sites were designated a National Historic Landmark in 1961, and listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1966. The park was created by an Act of Congress in 1966.
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National Civic Union (Argentina) The National Civic Union (in Spanish "Unión Cívica Nacional") was an Argentine political party formed in 1891 as the result of a split in the Civic Union, and dissolved in 1916. It was initially based largely on the personality of its leader, Bartolomé Mitre.
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Federal Prison Industries Federal Prison Industries, also known as UNICOR and FPI, is a wholly owned United States government corporation created in 1934 as a prison labor program for inmates within the Federal Bureau of Prisons, and a component of the Department of Justice. It is headquartered in Yazoo County, Mississippi.
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Vito Genovese Vito "Don Vitone" Genovese (November 27, 1897 – February 14, 1969) was an Italian-American mobster who rose to power during Prohibition as an enforcer in the American Mafia. A long time associate of Charles Luciano, Genovese took part in the Castellammarese War and helped shape the rise of the Mafia and organized crime in the United States. He would later lead Luciano's crime family, which was renamed the Genovese crime family, for 12 years.
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Carlo Cicuttini Carlo Cicuttini (1947 – 24 February 2010) was a former member of the neo-fascist grouping Ordine Nuovo, who was convicted "in absentia" in 1987 for his part in a bombing attack in Peteano di Sagrado, 1972. The leader of the Monfalcone section of the Italian Social Movement–National Right party, he was found to have made an anonymous call to the local Carabinieri Station, stating that a Fiat 500 with several bullet holes had been found abandoned. Four Carabinieri attended the scene and by opening the boot of the car triggered the bomb hidden inside it. Three of them were killed while one was seriously injured. Vincenzo Vinciguerra, a member of the neo-fascist Avanguardia Nazionale, was later tried and found guilty of planting the bomb.