Nasreddin or Nasreddin Hodja, was a Seljuq satirical Sufi, born in Hortu Village in Sivrihisar, Eskişehir Province, in which present-day country, and considered a philosopher of Populism?
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Nasreddin Nasreddin or Nasreddin Hodja ( ) was a Seljuq satirical Sufi, born in Hortu Village in Sivrihisar, Eskişehir Province, present-day Turkey and died in 13th century in Akşehir, near Konya, a capital of the Seljuk Sultanate of Rum, in today's Turkey. He is considered a populist philosopher and wise man, remembered for his funny stories and anecdotes. He appears in thousands of stories, sometimes witty, sometimes wise, but often, too, a fool or the butt of a joke. A Nasreddin story usually has a subtle humour and a pedagogic nature.
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Populism Populism is a mode of political communication that is based on contrasts between the "common man" or "the people" and a real or imagined group of "privileged elites", traditionally scapegoating or making a folk devil of the latter. Populists can fall anywhere on the traditional left–right political spectrum of politics, and can often be characterised as centrist where populists portray both bourgeois capitalists and socialist organizers as unfairly dominating the political sphere.
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Franciscus Patricius Franciscus Patricius (Italian: "Francesco Patrizi", Croatian: "Franjo Petriš" or "Frane Petrić"; 25 April 1529 – 6 February 1597) was a philosopher and scientist from the Republic of Venice. He was known as a defender of Platonism and an opponent of Aristotelianism. In Croatia he is mostly referred to as Franjo Petriš or Frane Petrić (sometimes "Petris", "Petrišević" and "Petričević"). His family name in Cres was known as Petris.
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Ahmad Khani Ahmad Khani, Ahmad-i Khani (Kurdish: Ehmedê Xanî‎ , (1650 Hakkari –1707 Doğubeyazıt) was a Kurdish writer, poet, astronomer and philosopher. He was born amongst the Khani's tribe in Hakkari province in present-day Turkey. He moved to Bayezid in Ritkan province and settled there. Later he started with teaching Kurdish (Kurmanji) at basic level. Khani was fluent in Kurdish, Arabic and Persian. He wrote his Arabic-Kurdish dictionary "Nûbihara Biçûkan" (The Spring of Children) in 1683 to help children with their learning process.
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2011–12 Kurdish protests in Turkey The 2011–2012 Kurdish protests in Turkey are ongoing protests in Turkey, led by the Peace and Democracy Party (BDP), against restrictions of Kurdish rights by of the country's Kurdish minority's rights. Although they are the latest in a long series of protest actions by Kurds in Turkey, they are strongly influenced by the concurrent popular protests throughout the Middle East and North Africa, and the Turkish publication "Hürriyet Daily News" has suggested that the popularly dubbed "Arab Spring" that has seen revolutions in Egypt and Tunisia may lead to a "Kurdish Summer" in the northern reaches of the Middle East. Protesters have taken to the streets both in İstanbul and in southeast Turkey, with some demonstrations also reported as far west in Anatolia as İzmir.
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Roshaniyya Roshaniya ("the enlightened") was a populist, nonsectarian Sufi reformation/enlightenment movement founded in 16th-century Afghan by Bāyazīd Ansārī (Pashto: بايزيد انصاري‎ ), also known as Pīr Roshān or Pīr Rokhān (Pashto: پیر روښان‎ , "the enlightened Pir (sufi master)"; Persian: پیر روشن‎ ‎ ) (1525 – 1581/1585). Pīr Roshān was a Pashtun warrior, poet, Sufi master and intellectual from the Ormur tribe. He challenged the inequality and social injustice he imputed to the Moghul rulers of the day, instead advocating an egalitarian and even communistic social system, and taught doctrines that questioned some widely accepted teachings within Islam. Its adherents were inducted into the order through a series of secret initiation rituals.
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Populist Party (Turkey) Populist Party (Turkish: "Halkçı Parti, HP" ) was a political party in Turkey which was active between 1983 and 1985.
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Şahkulu rebellion The Şahkulu rebellion (9 April 1511 – 2 July 1511) was a widespread pro-Shia and pro-Safavid uprising in Anatolia, directed against the Ottoman Empire, in 1511. It began among the Turcoman tribes of the Taurus mountains, before spreading to a wide variety of disgruntled groups. It is named after the leader of the rebels, Şahkulu. His death in battle also meant the end of the uprising.
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Abu al-Abbas Iranshahri Abu al-Abbas Iranshahri (Persian: حکیم ایرانشهری‎ ‎ ) was a 9th-century Persian philosopher, mathematician, natural scientist, historian of religion, astronomer and author. According to traditional sources, he is the first figure in the wider Muslim world to be associated with philosophy after the advent of Islam.
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Society of Devotees of the Islamic Revolution The Society of Devotees of the Islamic Revolution (Persian: جمعیت ایثارگران انقلاب اسلامی‎ , "Jam`iyat-e Isargaran-e Enqelab-e Eslami " ‎ ) is a conservative Iranian political party. It is informally referred to as the "Isargaran", a word which connotes altruism in Persian and is associated with other political movements. Many members of the party are veterans of the Iran-Iraq War.<ref name="RFE/RL"> </ref> It is one of the most powerful and least discussed movements in Iran.
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Seljuk Empire The Seljuk Empire or Great Seljuk Empire (also spelled Seljuq) (Persian: آل سلجوق‎ ‎ ) was a medieval Turko-Persian Sunni Muslim empire, originating from the Qynyq branch of Oghuz Turks. The Seljuk Empire controlled a vast area stretching from the Hindu Kush to western Anatolia and from Central Asia to the Persian Gulf. From their homelands near the Aral Sea, the Seljuks advanced first into Khorasan and then into mainland Persia before eventually conquering eastern Anatolia.
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Cretan Turks The Cretan Turks (Greek Τουρκοκρητικοί or Τουρκοκρήτες, "Tourkokritikí" or "Tourkokrítes", Turkish "Giritli", "Girit Türkleri", or "Giritli Türkler"), Muslim-Cretans or Cretan Muslims were the Muslim inhabitants of the Greek island of Crete (until 1923) and now their descendants, who settled principally in Turkey, the Dodecanese Islands under Italian administration (now part of Greece after World War 2), Syria (notably in the village of Al-Hamidiyah), Lebanon, Palestine, Libya, and Egypt, as well as in the larger Turkish diaspora.
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Hossein Noori Hamedani Grand Ayatollah Hossein Noori-Hamedani (born 1925) is an Iranian Twelver Shi'a Marja. Nuri-Hamadani has been called a "hard-line cleric," who has expressed his strong disapproval of Sufis and dervishes, Jews, the intellectual Abdolkarim Soroush and the UN Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women.
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Kurdistan Kurdistan ( or ) (Kurdish: کوردستان‎ ; ] ; lit. "homeland of the Kurds") or Greater Kurdistan is a roughly defined geo-cultural region wherein the Kurdish people form a prominent majority population, and Kurdish culture, languages, and national identity have historically been based. Kurdistan roughly encompasses the northwestern Zagros and the eastern Taurus mountain ranges.
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Nuqtavi The Nuqtavi (Arabic: نقطوية‎ ‎ Nuqṭawiyyah) movement was founded by Mahmūd Pasīkhānī (Persian: محمود پسیخانی‎ ‎ ) when he proclaimed himself the Mahdi in 1397. The group is an offshoot of the Ḥurūfī movement, from which Pasīkhānī was expelled for arrogance. The group first arose in Anjudan near Kashan an area known for its Nizārī Ismā'īlī Shia Islam.
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Rumi Jalāl ad-Dīn Muhammad Rūmī (Persian: جلال‌الدین محمد رومی‎ ‎ ), also known as Jalāl ad-Dīn Muhammad Balkhī (جلال‌الدین محمد بلخى ), Mevlânâ/Mawlānā (مولانا , "our master"), Mevlevî/Mawlawī (مولوی , "my master"), and more popularly simply as Rumi (30 September 1207 – 17 December 1273), was a 13th-century Persian Sunni Muslim poet, jurist, Islamic scholar, theologian, and Sufi mystic. Rumi's influence transcends national borders and ethnic divisions: Iranians, Tajiks, Turks, Greeks, Pashtuns, other Central Asian Muslims, and the Muslims of South Asia have greatly appreciated his spiritual legacy for the past seven centuries. His poems have been widely translated into many of the world's languages and transposed into various formats. Rumi has been described as the "most popular poet" and the "best selling poet" in the United States.
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Yarsanism Yarsanism is a syncretic religion. Its followers, known as the Yarsani, Ahl-e Haqq , Ali-Allahi or Kaka'i (in Iraq) (Kurdish: یارسان‎ , "Yarsan", Persian: اهل حق‎ ‎ "Ahl-e Haqq" "People of Truth") are an ethno-religious group primarily found in western Iran and eastern Iraq, and are mostly ethnic Goran Kurds, though there are also smaller groups of Turk, Persian, Lori, Azeri and Arab adherents. The total number of Yarsanis is about 5,000,000, of which an estimated 2,000,000 or 3,000,000 are in Iran.
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Mahwi Mahwi (Kurdish: مەحوی‎ "Mehwî"; full name: مەلا موحەمەد کوڕی عوسمان بەڵخی "Mala Muhamad Osman Ballkhi") (1830-1906) was one of the most prominenet classical Kurdish poets and sufis from Kurdistan Region of Iraq. He studied in Sablakh and Sanandaj in Iranian Kurdistan. He became a judge in the court of Sulaimaniya, in today's Iraq, in 1862, which was then part of the Ottoman Empire. He travelled to Istanbul and met Abd-ul-Hamid II in 1883. He established a khaneqah, an Islamic religious school and mosque, in Sulaimniya and named it after an Ottoman emperor. In his poems, he mainly promotes sufism, but also deals with the human condition and existential problems, such as questions about the meaning of life.
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Conservatism in Pakistan Conservatism in Pakistan (Urdu: پاكستانی قدامت پسندی‎ ), generally relates to the traditional, social, and religious identities in the politics of Pakistan. American historian Stephen Cohen describes several political constants in Pakistan's conservatism: respect for tradition, the rule of law and the Islamic religion which is an integral in the idea of Pakistan.
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Ishikism Ishikism, [pron: 'Ishik-ism] (Turkish: "Işıkçılık" ) or Ishik Alevism ("Işık Aleviliği "), also known as Chinarism ("Çınarcılık "), is a syncretic religious movement among Alevis who have developed an alternative understanding of Alevism and its history. These alternative interpretations and beliefs were inspired by Turkish writer Erdoğan Çınar with the publication of his book "Aleviliğin Gizli Tarihi" ("The Secret History of Alevism") in 2004.
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Sibghatullah Shah Rashidi Sibghatullah Shah Rashidi II (Urdu: ‎ ; (Sindhi) صبغت الله شاهه راشدي ), Pir Pagaro the sixth, was a spiritual leader of the Hur Movement during Sindh's independence struggle against British colonial rule. "Hur" (Arabic: حر meaning "free", "not slave") is a Sufi Muslim community in the province of Sindh, Pakistan.
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Lalon Lalon, (Bengali: লালন ) also known as Lalon Sain, Lalon Shah, Lalon Fakir or Mahatma Lalon (c. 1772 – 17 October 1890; Bengali: 1 Kartik, 1179), was a prominent Bengali philosopher, Baul saint, mystic, songwriter, social reformer and thinker. Considered an icon of Bengali culture, Lalon inspired and influenced many poets, social and religious thinkers including Rabindranath Tagore, Kazi Nazrul Islam, and Allen Ginsberg albeit he "rejected all distinctions of caste and creed". Widely celebrated as an epitome of religious tolerance, he was also accused of heresy during his lifetime and after his death. In his songs, Lalon envisioned a society where all religions and beliefs would stay in harmony. He founded the institute known as Lalon Akhrah in Cheuriya, about 2 km from Kushtia railway station. His disciples dwell mostly in Bangladesh and West Bengal. Every year on the occasion of his death anniversary, thousands of his disciples and devotees assemble at Lalon Akhrah, and pay homage to the departed guru through celebration and discussion of his songs and philosophy for three days. In 2004, Lalon was placed at number 12 in the BBC's poll of the Greatest Bengali of All Time.