The 2016 Icelandic anti-government protests were a series of protests against the Icelandic government following the release of which titled event, in which 11.5 million leaked documents that detail financial and attorney–client information for more than 214,488 offshore entities?
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2016 Icelandic anti-government protests The 2016 Icelandic anti-government protests were a series of protests against the Icelandic government following the release of the Panama Papers.
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Panama Papers The Panama Papers are 11.5 million leaked documents that detail financial and attorney–client information for more than 214,488 offshore entities. The documents, some dating back to the 1970s, were created by, and taken from, Panamanian law firm and corporate service provider Mossack Fonseca, and were leaked in 2015 by an anonymous source.
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Valerie Plame Valerie Elise Plame Wilson (née Plame; born August 13, 1963), known as Valerie Plame, Valerie E. Wilson, and Valerie Plame Wilson, is an American writer, spy novelist and former operations officer working at the United States Central Intelligence Agency (CIA). As the subject of the 2003 Plame affair, also known as the "CIA leak scandal", Plame had her identity as covert officer of the CIA leaked to the press by members of the George W. Bush administration and subsequently made public. In collaboration with a ghostwriter, Plame wrote a memoir detailing her career and the events leading up to her resignation from the CIA, and subsequently wrote and published two spy novels. After a number of years out of the limelight, she later made the news for leading a campaign to raise enough money to buy a controlling interest of Twitter stock, in order to remove Donald Trump from the platform, as well as controversy surrounding antisemitic activity on social media, for which she subsequently apologized.
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Iceland Stock Exchange The Iceland Stock Exchange (Icelandic: "Kauphöll Íslands" ), operating under the name Nasdaq Iceland and also known as ICEX, was established in 1985 as a joint venture of several banks and brokerage firms on the initiative of the central bank. Trading began in 1986 in Icelandic government bonds, and trading in equities began in 1990. Equities trading increased rapidly thereafter. A wide variety of firms are currently listed on the exchange, including firms in retail, fishing, transportation, banks, insurance and numerous other areas. Because of the small size of the Icelandic economy and the low cost of public listing, many of the companies traded on the ICEX are relatively small and are relatively illiquid.
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World Jewish Congress lawsuit against Swiss banks The World Jewish Congress lawsuit against Swiss banks was launched to retrieve deposits made into Swiss banks by victims of Nazi persecution during and prior to World War II. Initiated in 1995 as WJC negotiations with both the Swiss government and its banks over burdensome proof-of-ownership requirements for accounts, strong support from United States politicians and leaked documents from a bank guard pressured a settlement in 1998 in a U.S. court for multiple classes of people affected by government and banking practices. As of 2015, $1.28 billion USD has been disbursed for 457,100 claimants.
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Advance tax ruling An advance tax ruling is a tool for multinational corporations, and for individual taxfilers for clarifying and conforming particular taxation arrangements. A written interpretation of tax laws is issued by tax authorities to corporations and individuals who request clarification of taxation arrangements. An advance tax ruling binds tax authorities to comply with the tax arrangements set out in the ruling. Advance tax rulings are common in numerous countries. The Luxembourg Leaks provide insight into the practice of advance tax rulings in Luxembourg where the rulings are a tool for corporations to develop strategies which allow for avoiding taxes.
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First International Bank of Grenada The First International Bank of Grenada (FIBG) was an offshore bank that operated between 1996 and 2000, duping thousands of people in a Ponzi scheme. Four people were indicted, the result of a collaborative effort between the FBI and the Internal Revenue Service, estimating a monetary loss from investors at over $170 million.
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Luxembourg Leaks Luxembourg Leaks (sometimes shortened to Lux Leaks or LuxLeaks) is the name of a financial scandal revealed in November 2014 by a journalistic investigation conducted by the International Consortium of Investigative Journalists. It is based on confidential information about Luxembourg’s tax rulings set up by PricewaterhouseCoopers from 2002 to 2010 to the benefits of its clients. This investigation resulted in making available to the public tax rulings for over three hundred multinational companies based in Luxembourg.
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Baltasar Garzón Baltasar Garzón Real (] ; born 26 October 1955) is a Spanish jurist. Garzón formerly served on Spain's central criminal court, the "Audiencia Nacional", and was the examining magistrate of the "Juzgado Central de Instrucción No. 5", which investigates the most important criminal cases in Spain, including terrorism, organised crime, and money laundering. Garzón is currently head of Julian Assange's legal team.
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Sensitive security information Sensitive Security Information or SSI is a term used in the United States to denote sensitive but unclassified information obtained or developed in the conduct of security activities, the public disclosure of which would constitute an unwarranted invasion of privacy, reveal trade secrets or privileged or confidential information, or be detrimental to the security of transportation. It is not a form of classification under Executive Order 12958 as amended. SSI is not classified national security information in the sense of Top Secret, Secret or Confidential. The safeguarding and sharing of SSI is governed by Title 49 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) parts 15 and 1520. This designation is assigned to information to limit the exposure of the information to only those individuals that “need to know” in order to participate in or oversee the protection of the nation’s transportation system. Those with a need to know can include persons outside of TSA, such as airport operators, aircraft operators, railroad carriers, rail hazardous materials shippers and receivers, vessel and maritime port owners and operators, foreign vessel owners, and other persons.
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1986 Hvalur sinkings The 1986 Hvalur sinkings occurred in Iceland's Reykjavík harbour in November 1986, when anti-whaling activists from the Sea Shepherd Conservation Society sank the unoccupied whaling vessels, "Hvalur 6" and "Hvalur 7", and sabotaged a whale processing station in Hvalfjörður. The ships were two of the nation's fleet of four and were eventually raised, but have not gone on a whale hunt since and were dragged onto dry land. Repairs have not yet been made to the ships. The factory was the country's only processing facility.
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Anatoly Kucherena Anatoly Grigorievich Kucherena (Russian: Анатолий Григорьевич Кучерена ; born August 23, 1960) is a Russian attorney, public figure, Doctor of Law, and professor. From mid-2013, Kucherena has represented former NSA contractor Edward Snowden's interests in the Russian Federation. Kucherena continues to represent Snowden pro bono on an occasional basis. In 2013, according to Izvestia he was known as a person spoken pro forbiding anonymizer software, prosecuting development, distribution and usage of it by including them into "malware" software category (which contradicts the terminology used in the industry).
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Glass Lewis Glass, Lewis & Co. is one of two prominent proxy advisory services in the world, the other being Institutional Shareholder Services ("ISS"). Glass Lewis provides governance services that support engagement among institutional investors and corporations through its research, proxy vote management and technology platforms. Glass Lewis empowers institutional investors that collectively manage $20 trillion to make sound voting decisions by uncovering and assessing governance, business, legal, political and accounting risks at issuers domiciled in 100 countries. Glass Lewis currently maintains approximately 37% of the market share for proxy advisory services.
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X-file scandal The X-file scandal is a South Korean political scandal of 2005. The scandal revolves around the release of wiretapped conversations to the media. Many of the conversations were of conservative politicians in the Grand National Party arranging bribes during the South Korean presidential election of 1997. The tapes were made illegally. The scandal has recently broadened to look at the general role of the National Intelligence Service (NIS) in political and personal affairs.
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Swedish Companies Registration Office Swedish Companies Registration Office (Swedish: "Bolagsverket" ), is a Swedish government agency which mainly handles the registration of new companies and registry changes for existing businesses, such as change of address and change of board of directors and auditors. The Agency receives financial statements and records of chattel mortgages and liquidations. The agency also provides corporate information (registers information about Swedish companies and associations) and is appointed by the Government to be the development agency for e-government in the area of business and enterprise.
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Global Dossier The Global Dossier is an online public service launched in June 2014 by the five "IP5" offices, i.e. the European Patent Office (EPO), the Japan Patent Office (JPO), the Korean Intellectual Property Office (KIPO), the State Intellectual Property Office of China (SIPO) and the US Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO), to offer an integrated access to the respective "file wrappers", free of charge and with automatic machine translations to English. A file wrapper, also called "public file", contains documents, including the search reports, office actions and correspondence between the applicant and the patent office, relating to a particular patent application. The file wrapper therefore provides the file history of a patent application. The EPO, SIPO, JPO and KIPO file wrappers are already available, as of June 2015, and the USPTO file wrappers are scheduled to be available "by the second half of 2015".
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Danish Data Protection Agency The Danish Data Protection Agency (Danish: "Datatilsynet" ) was created, following the implementation of EU Directive 95/46/EC, regarding the protection of individuals with regard to the process of personal information and the movement of such.
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List of people named in the Panama Papers This is a partial list of people named in the Panama Papers as shareholders, directors and beneficiaries of offshore companies. The International Consortium of Investigative Journalists (ICIJ) released the full list of companies and individuals in the Panama Papers on 10 May 2016. ICIJ published the following disclaimer with regard to the data provided: "There are legitimate uses for offshore companies, foundations and trusts. We do not intend to suggest or imply that any persons, companies or other entities included in the ICIJ Power Players interactive application have broken the law or otherwise acted improperly."
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Spy Cables The Spy Cables are a series of leaked documents from global intelligence agencies that were published by Al Jazeera and "The Guardian" in 2015. The documents date from 2006 to December 2014 and are largely derived from communications between South Africa's State Security Agency and various agencies.
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The budgetary rule The budgetary rule (Norwegian: "handlingsregelen" ) is a rule concerning the usage of capital gains from The Government Pension Fund - Global of Norway. The rule was introduced in 2001 by the First cabinet Stoltenberg to ensure that the sovereign wealth fund, with a vast majority of its dealings related to activities in the petroleum industry, would secure sustainable development for the future generations of Norway. The budgetary rule will thereby continue to yield in the future, even when the petroleum resources of the North Sea and other operational areas come to an end.
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Memogate (Pakistan) The memogate controversy (also Mullen memo controversy) revolves around a memorandum (addressed to Admiral Mike Mullen) ostensibly seeking help of the Obama administration in the wake of the Osama bin Laden raid to avert a military takeover of the civilian government in Pakistan, as well as assisting in a civilian takeover of the government and military apparatus. The memo was delivered in May 2011; Mansoor Ijaz wrote a "Financial Times" article in October 2011 bringing initial public attention to the affair. The memo, which at first was questioned to even exist, was published in November, leading to the resignation of Ambassador Haqqani and the continuing Pakistani Supreme Court investigation.
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Swedish Data Protection Authority The Swedish Data Protection Authority (Swedish: "Datainspektionen" ) is a Swedish government agency, organized under the Ministry of Justice, tasked to protect the individual's privacy in the information society without unnecessarily preventing or complicating the use of new technology. The agency ensure legislation within this area is complied with and as such supervise different registers and carry out inspections of companies, organizations and other government agencies; led by the agency's own IT security specialists and legal advisors. The most important legislation is the Personal Data Act of 1998, the Debt Recovery Act of 1974 and the Credit Information Act of 1973. The agency also has an expert advisory role when the Government prepares new statutory provisions.