Raniero Dandolo or Rainero Dandolo ( 1204–42) was a Venetian admiral and statesman, titled Procurator of San Marco and Vice-Doge of Venice, the son of the 41st Doge of Venice, from which year until his death, Enrico Dandolo, he is remembered for his blindness, piety, longevity, and shrewdness, and is infamous for his role in the Fourth Crusade and the Sack of Constantinople in which he, at age ninety and blind, led the Venetian contingent?
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Raniero Dandolo Raniero Dandolo or Rainero Dandolo ( 1204–42) was a Venetian admiral and statesman, titled Procurator of San Marco and Vice-Doge of Venice. The son of the 41st Doge of Venice, Enrico Dandolo (r. 1192–1205), he served as Vice-Doge during his father's absence. His daughter Anna Dandolo married Serbian Grand Prince, subsequently King, Stefan Nemanjić (r. 1196–1228) in 1217.
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Enrico Dandolo Enrico Dandolo (anglicised as Henry Dandolo and Latinized as Henricus Dandulus; 1107 – May 1205) was the 41st Doge of Venice from 1192 until his death. He is remembered for his blindness, piety, longevity, and shrewdness, and is infamous for his role in the Fourth Crusade and the Sack of Constantinople in which he, at age ninety and blind, led the Venetian contingent.
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Danilo I, Serbian Archbishop Danilo I (Serbian: Данило I , 1271–72) was the fourth Archbishop of Serbs. After the death of Archbishop Sava II (s. 1263–1271) on 8 February 1271, Danilo was chosen as the next Archbishop. However, he was replaced after a year in 1272 by Joanikije I (s. 1272–1276). Archbishop Danilo II (s. 1324–1337) wrote "Archbishop Danilo succeeded on the holy seat, but due to some cause was removed". The cause of his removal is unknown, it may have been due to Danilo having been unsupportive of King Stefan Uroš I (and supportive of Stefan Dragutin); this theory is strengthened by the fact that Danilo's successor Joanikije was a fanatic supporter of Uroš I. It is unlikely that Danilo II did not know the cause of Danilo I's removal.
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Battle of Maclodio The Battle of Maclodio was fought on 11 October 1427, resulting in a victory for the Venetians under Carmagnola over the Milanese under Carlo I Malatesta. The battle was fought at Maclodio (or Macalo) a small town near the River Oglio, fifteen kilometres (nine miles) south-west of Brescia. This battle, fought during the second campaign, was the only decisive victory for Venice in the Wars in Lombardy. This battle forced the Milanese into a treaty, conceding Brescia in 1428, though fighting of the wars in Lombardy was to resume later, continuing until the Treaty of Lodi in 1454.
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Battle of Gallipoli (1416) The Battle of Gallipoli occurred on 29 May 1416 between a squadron of the Venetian navy and the fleet of the Ottoman Empire off the Ottoman naval base of Gallipoli. The battle was the main episode of a brief conflict between the two powers, resulting from an Ottoman raid against Venetian possessions in the Aegean Sea in late 1415 and early 1416. The Venetian fleet, under Pietro Loredan, was charged with transporting Venetian envoys to the Sultan, but was authorized to attack if the Ottomans refused to negotiate. The subsequent events are known chiefly from a letter written by Loredan after the battle. The Ottomans exchanged fire with the Venetian ships as soon as the Venetian fleet approached Gallipoli, forcing the Venetians to withdraw. On the next day, the two fleets manoeuvred and fought off Gallipoli, but during the evening, Loredan managed to contact the Ottoman authorities and inform them of his diplomatic mission. Despite assurances that the Ottomans would welcome the envoys, when the Venetian fleet approached the city on the next day, the Ottoman fleet sailed to meet the Venetians and the two sides quickly became embroiled in battle. The Venetians scored a crushing victory, killing the Ottoman admiral, capturing a large part of the Ottoman fleet, and taking large numbers prisoner, of whom many—particularly the Christians serving voluntarily in the Ottoman fleet—were executed. The Venetians then retired to Tenedos to replenish their supplies and rest. Although a crushing Venetian victory, which confirmed Venetian naval superiority in the Aegean Sea for the next few decades, the settlement of the conflict was delayed until a peace treaty was signed in 1419.
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Zeno brothers The Zeno brothers, namely Nicolò (c. 1326–c. 1402) and Antonio Zeno (died c. 1403) were Italian noblemen from Venice living in the second half of the 14th century, who were famous during the Renaissance for a possible but controversial exploration of the north Atlantic and Arctic waters. They were brothers of the Venetian naval hero Carlo Zeno. The Zeno family was an established part of the aristocracy of Venice and held the franchise for transportation between Venice and the Holy Land during the Crusades. "Zeno" is the Italianization of the Venetian surname "Zen".
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Capture of Mahdiye (1550) The capture of Mahdia was an amphibious military operation that took place from June to September, 1550, during the struggle between the Ottoman Empire and the Spanish Habsburgs for the control of the Mediterranean. A Spanish naval expedition under the command of the Genoese condottiero and admiral Andrea Doria and the Spaniard Bernardino de Mendoza, supported by the Knights of Malta under their Grand Master Claude de la Sengle, besieged and captured the Ottoman stronghold of Mahdia or Mahdiye, defended by the Ottoman Admiral Turgut Reis, known as "Dragut", who was using the place as a base for his piratical activities throughout the Spanish and Italian coasts. Mahdia was abandoned by Spain three years later, and all its fortifications were demolished to avoid a re-occupation of the city by the Ottomans.
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Romuald I (archbishop of Salerno) Romuald I (Italian: "Romualdo" ) (died 1 April 1136) was the Archbishop of Salerno from 1121 until his death. He had been the cardinal-deacon of Santa Maria in Via Lata from "c". 1109, and in that capacity served Pope Paschal II as a diplomat. Together with Pietro Senex, cardinal-bishop of Porto, he mediated between Landulf II, Archbishop of Benevento, and Landulf of Greca, the papal constable of the Duchy of Benevento, in 1114. Romuald found the archbishop to blame for the conflict, and the pope deposed him from his see at the Council of Ceprano in October that year. An eyewitness account of the proceedings against Landulf is found in Falco of Benevento.
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Treaty of Constantinople (1479) The Treaty of Constantinople was signed on January 25, 1479, which officially ended the fifteen-year war between the Republic of Venice and the Ottoman Empire. The agreement was established as a result of the Ottomans having reached the outskirts of Venice. Based on the terms of the treaty, the Venetians were allowed to keep Ulcinj, Antivan, and Durrës. However, they ceded Shkodra (which had been under Ottoman siege for many months), as well as other territories on the Dalmatian coastline, as well as relinquished control of the Greek islands of Negroponte (Euboea) and Lemnos. Moreover, the Venetians were forced to pay 100,000 ducat indemnity and agreed to a tribute of around 10,000 ducats per year in order to acquire trading privileges in the Black Sea. As a result of this treaty, Venice acquired a weakened position in the Levant.
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Venetian Crusade The Venetian Crusade of 1122–24 was an expedition to the Holy Land launched by the Republic of Venice that succeeded in capturing Tyre.
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Zilia Dandolo Zilia Dandolo (died 13 October 1566), was the Dogaressa of Venice by marriage to the Doge Lorenzo Priuli (ruled 1556–1559).
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Festa della Sensa The Fèsta de ƚa Sènsa was a feast of the Republic of Venice held on the occasion of the feast of the Ascension (in the Venetian language, Sensa) and still celebrated as a recreation today. It commemorated two significant dates in the Republic's history; the first being May 9, 1000, when the Doge Pietro II Orseolo rescued the denizens of Dalmatia imperiled by the Slavs. The aforementioned date marked the onset of Venetian extension in the Adriatic.
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Giovanni Andrea Doria Giovanni Andrea Doria, also Gianandrea Doria (1539–1606), was an Italian admiral from Genoa. He was the son of Giannettino Doria.
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Siege of Negroponte (1688) The Siege of Negroponte (modern Chalkis) was undertaken by the forces of the Republic of Venice from July to October 1688. The Venetian army, composed of several mercenary and allied contingents from western Europe, had succeeded in capturing the Peloponnese in the previous years, and proceeded to capture Athens and attack Negroponte, the main Ottoman stronghold in Central Greece. The Venetian siege was hampered by the Ottoman resistance and their inability to completely isolate the town, as the Ottoman general Ismail Pasha managed to ferry supplies to the besieged garrison. Furthermore, the Venetian army suffered many casualties from an outbreak of the plague in the Venetian camp, which led to the death of 4,000 troops and the experienced general Otto Wilhelm Königsmarck. The departure of the Florentine and Maltese contingents further weakened the Venetians, and when the German mercenaries refused to remain there in winter quarters, the Venetian commander, Doge Francesco Morosini, had to concede defeat and retreat to the Peloponnese.
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Partitio terrarum imperii Romaniae The Partitio terrarum imperii Romaniae (Latin for "Partition of the lands of the empire of "Romania" [Byzantine Empire]) was a treaty signed amongst the crusaders after the sack of the Byzantine capital, Constantinople, by the Fourth Crusade in 1204. It established the Latin Empire and arranged the nominal partition of the Byzantine territory among the participants of the Crusade, with the Republic of Venice being the greatest titular beneficiary. However, because the crusaders did not in fact control most of the Empire, with local Byzantine Greek nobles establishing the Byzantine successor kingdoms (Empire of Nicaea, Empire of Trebizond, Despot of Epirus), most of the crusaders' declared division of the Empire amongst themselves could never be implemented.
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Ottone and Acerbo Morena Ottone and his son Acerbo Morena (died 1167) of Lodi were Italian chroniclers who wrote in Latin of twelfth-century events from a Lombard point of view in a history of Lodi, De rebus Laudensibus, ("Concerning Lodi") which was begun by Ottone. Acerbo died in the outbreak of plague that attended the disorders when Frederick Barbarossa's army took possession of Rome in July 1167. The chronicle includes verbal portraits of numerous contemporaries, including Frederick Barbarossa. Their chronicle found an anonymous continuator whose work is generally appended to theirs.
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Girolamo Priuli (1486–1567) Girolamo Priuli (1486 in Venice – 4 November 1567 in Venice) was a Venetian noble, who served as the eighty-third Doge of Venice, from 1 September 1559 until his sudden death from a stroke in 1567.
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Constantine Doukas (died 1179) The "sebastos" Constantine Doukas (Greek: Κωνσταντίνος Δούκας ; died 8 April 1179) was a Byzantine general and provincial governor under Emperor Manuel I Komnenos. His relation with the prestigious Doukas family is unknown. What little is known of him comes from a short biographical notice in a manuscript ("Par. gr." 1564, "fol." 18r). According to it, in 1173 Emperor Manuel sent Constantine to help defend Ancona in Italy, a Byzantine ally, against a combined attack from Holy Roman Emperor Frederick I Barbarossa and the Republic of Venice. The siege lasted for seven months, but Constantine successfully defended the city from capture. Subsequently, he was sent as governor ("doux") in Dalmatia and Dyrrhachium. He died of pleurisy at his home on 8 April 1179.
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Hugh IV, Count of Saint-Pol Hugh IV of Saint-Pol (died March 1205 in Constantinople), son of Anselm of Saint-Pol, was Count of Saint-Pol from 1174 to his death, and lord of Demotika in Thrace in 1204–05. He participated in the Third and Fourth Crusades.
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Henry del Vasto Henry del Vasto (Italia: "Enrico del Vasto"), died before 1141 was a son of Manfred del Vasto, margrave of Western Liguria, and brother of Adelaide, countess of Sicily (1089–1117) and Jerusalem (1112–1117).
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Alvise Loredan Alvise Loredan (1393 – 6 March 1466) was a Venetian nobleman of the Loredan family. At a young age he became a galley captain, and served with distinction as a military commander, with a long record of battles against the Ottomans, from the naval expeditions to aid Thessalonica, to the Crusade of Varna, and the opening stages of the Ottoman–Venetian War of 1463–1479, as well as the Wars in Lombardy against the Duchy of Milan. He also served in a number of high government positions, as provincial governor, "savio del consiglio", and "Procuratore de Supra" of Saint Mark's Basilica.
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Andrea Morisco Andrea Morisco (in Greek: Ἀνδρέας Μουρίσκος , "Andreas Mouriskos") was a Genoese pirate active in the Aegean Sea in the late 13th century, who in 1304 entered the service of the Byzantine Empire. As an admiral and corsair, he was active under Byzantine colours until 1308, when he was captured and executed in Cyprus.