Who traditionally known by his Latinized name of Avenzoar, was a Muslim Arab physician and surgeon and poet, Al-Masudi or Ibn Zuhr ?
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Al-Masudi Al-Mas‘udi (Arabic: أبو الحسن علي بن الحسين بن علي المسعودي‎ ‎ , "Abu al-Ḥasan ʿAlī ibn al-Ḥusayn ibn ʿAlī al-Masʿūdī "; c. 896 –956) was an Arab historian and geographer. He is sometimes referred to as the Herodotus of the Arabs. Al-Mas‘udi was one of the first to combine history and scientific geography in a large-scale work, "The Meadows of Gold and Mines of Gems" (Arabic: مروج الذهب ومعادن الجوهر‎ ‎ , "Muruj adh-dhahab wa ma'adin al-jawhar"), a world history.
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Ibn Zuhr Ibn Zuhr (Arabic: ‎ ‎ ; 1094–1162), traditionally known by his Latinized name of Avenzoar, was a Muslim Arab physician and surgeon and poet. He was born at Seville in medieval Andalusia (present-day Spain), was a contemporary of Averroes and Ibn Tufail, and was the most well-regarded physician of his era. He was particularly known for his emphasis on a more rational, empiric basis of medicine. His major work, "Al-Taysīr fil-Mudāwāt wal-Tadbīr" ("Book of Simplification Concerning Therapeutics and Diet"), was translated into Latin and Hebrew and was influential to the progress of surgery. He also improved surgical and medical knowledge by keying out several diseases and their treatments.
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Alphonsus Rodriguez Saint Alphonsus Rodríguez, S.J. (Spanish: "Alfonso" ) (July 25, 1532 – October 31, 1617) was a Spanish Jesuit lay brother, now venerated as a saint. He was a native of Segovia. He is sometimes confused with Fr. Alphonsus (Alonso) Rodriguez, S.J., another Jesuit, who wrote the "Exercicio de perfección y virtudes cristianas" (3 vols., Seville, 1609), which has frequently been re-edited and translated into many languages.
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Ibn al-Akfani Muhammad ibn Ibrāhīm ibn al-Akfani (1286-ca. 1348-49) was an Arab encyclopedist and physician.
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Ziyad ibn Abih Ziyad ibn Abih (Arabic: زياد بن أبيه‎ ‎ ) (622 AD – 673 AD) was a Muslim general and administrator from the clan of Umayyah. He was a great orator, a formidable warrior and one of the four 'Shrewds of the Arabs' (Duhat al-Arab) with Mu'awiyah ibn Abi Sufyan, 'Amr ibn al-'As and al-Mughira ibn Shu'ba.
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Harith ibn Hilliza Al-Yashkuri Al-Ḥārith Ibn Ḥilliza Al-Yashkurī, Arabic الحارث بن حلزة اليشكري was a pre-Islamic Arabian poet of the tribe of Bakr, from the 5th century. He was the author of one of the seven famous pre-Islamic poems known as the "Mu'allaqat". Little is known of the details of his life.
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Abu al-Abbas al-Nabati Ahmad bin Muhammad bin Mufarraj bin Ani al-Khalil, better known as Abu al-Abbas al-Nabati, Ibn al-Rumiya or al-Ashshab, (Arabic: أبو العباس النباتي‎ ‎ , "Abu’l-ʿAbbās al-Nabātī")  (c. 1200) was an Andalusian scientist, botanist, pharmacist and theologian. He is noted for introducing the experimental scientific method in the area of materia medica. His techniques such as separating verified and unverified reports led to the development of the field of pharmacology. He was a teacher of fellow Andalusian botanist Ibn al-Baitar.
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Al-Udri Al-Udri or Al-Udhri (in full "Abu al-abbas Ahmad ibn Umar ibn Anas ibn Dilhat ibn Abu al-Jiyar Anas ibn Faladan ibn Imran ibn Munayb ibn Zugayba ibn Qutba al-Udri", Arabic: أحمد بن عمر بن انس بن دلهاث بن انس بن فلذان بن عمر بن منيب العذري‎ ‎ , 1003–1085), was a Muwallad geographer and historian of Al-Andalus.
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Mansur Mansur (Arabic: منصور‎ ‎ , Manṣūr; also spelled Munsor, Mansoor, Manser, Mansour, Monsour, Mansyur or Mensur) is a male Arabic name that means "the one who is victorious", from the Arabic root "naṣr" (نصر), meaning "victory."
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Muhammad bin Dawud al-Zahiri Abu Bakr Muhammad ibn Dawud al-Zahiri, also known as Abū Bakr Muḥammad ibn Dāwūd al-Iṣbahānī, was a medieval theologian and scholar of the Arabic language and Islamic law. He was one of the early propagators of his father Dawud al-Zahiri's method in jurisprudence, Zahirism.
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Abdullah ibn Mubarak ʿAbd Allāh ibn al-Mubārak (118/726-797 AH/CE; Arabic: عبد الله بن المبارك) was born during the reign of Hisham ibn Abd al-Malik. ‘Abdullah ibn Mubarak was an early, pious Muslim known for his memory and zeal for knowledge, collected hadīth (muhaddith), and was remembered for his asceticism. He earned the title "Amir al-Mu'minin fi al-Hadith". His father, named Mubarak, was Turkmanish from Khurasan and became a client (mawālī) of an Arab trader from the tribe of Banī Hanẓala in the city of Hamadhān, and his mother was said to have been from Khwārizm. Mubarak later married Hind, the trader's daughter. It is said that ‘Abdullah ibn Mubarak left his hometown of Merv, and while living in Hamadhān, went on to visit and speak often in Baghdād. Imam Ahmad said about Abdullah ibn Mubarak that there was no one more eager to travel for seeking knowledge than him. His teachers included Sufyān al-Thawrī and Abū Hanīfa. He wrote Kitāb al-Jihād, a collection of hadīth and sayings of the early Muslims on war, and Kitāb al-Zuhd wa al-Rāqa’iq, a book on asceticism. He was also known for defending Islamic borders (see Ribat) on the frontiers of Tarsus and al-Massisah, and later died at Hīt, near the Euphrates, in the year 797 CE.
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Ahmad ibn Abi Jum'ah Abu al-Abbas Ahmad ibn Abi Jum'ah al-Maghrawi al-Wahrani (died 6 June 1511) was a Maliki scholar of Islamic law, active in North Africa from the end of the fifteenth century until his death. He was identified as the author of the 1504 fatwa commonly named the Oran fatwa, instructing the Muslims in Spain about how to secretly practice Islam, and granting comprehensive dispensations for them to publicly conform to Christianity and performing acts normally forbidden in Islam when necessary to survive. Because of his authorship of the fatwa he is often referred to as "the Mufti of Oran", although he likely issue the fatwa in Fez, not in Oran and he did not have any official capacity in either city.
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Ibn Abi al-Ashʿath Ibn Abi al-Ashʿath (Arabic: أحمد بن محمد بن محمد بن أبي الأشعث‎ ‎ ; d. 975 CE) was a Persian physician of medieval Islam. He wrote a large number of commentaries on Galen's works.
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Ibrahim ibn Baks Ibrahim ibn Baks (Arabic: إبراهيم بن بكس‎ ‎ ; died in 1003 CE) was a physician and a regular lecturer in Al-'Adudi Hospital, a bimaristan located in Baghdad during the Islamic Golden Age. He became blind towards the end of his life.
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Ibn Shihab al-Zuhri Muhammad ibn Muslim ibn Ubaydullah ibn Shihab al-Zuhri (Arabic: ابن شهاب الزهري‎ ‎ ) (died AH 124/741-2), usually referred to simply as "Ibn Shihab or al-Zuhri"' in hadith literature. He was a central figure among the early collectors of sīra—biographies of the Islamic prophet, Muhammad and hadith literature.
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Ibn Abi Zar Abū al-Hassan ‘Alī ibn Abī Zar‘ al-Fāsī (Arabic: أبو الحسن علي بن أبي زرع الفاسي‎ ‎ ) (d. between 1310 and 1320) is the commonly presumed original author of the popular and influential medieval history of Morocco known as "Rawd al-Qirtas", said to have been written at the instigation of Marinid Sultan Abu Sa'id Uthman II. His full nasab is sometimes given as "ibn Abd Allah ibn Abi Zar" and sometimes as "ibn Muhammad ibn Ahmad ibn Umar ibn Abi Zar". The uncertainty about his name and authorship of the Rawd is caused by the many variant manuscripts in circulation since the Middle Ages. Very little is known about his life except that he was evidently a scholar at Fes.
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Ibn Jazla Abu ali Yahya ibn Isa Ibn Jazla Al Baghdadi or Ibn Jazlah (Arabic,أبو يحيى ابن عيسى بن جزله), Latinized as Buhahylyha Bingezla, was an 11th-century Arab physician of Baghdad and author of an influential treatise on regimen that was translated into Latin in 1280 AD by the Sicilian Jewish physician Faraj ben Salem.
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Ahmad ibn Yusuf Abu Ja'far Ahmad ibn Yusuf ibn Ibrahim ibn Tammam al-Siddiq Al-Baghdadi (835–912), known in the West by his Latinized name Hametus, was an Arab mathematician, like his father Yusuf ibn Ibrahim (Arabic: يوسف بن ابراهيم الصدَيق البغدادي‎ ‎ ).
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Jabir ibn Aflah Abū Muḥammad Jābir ibn Aflaḥ (Arabic: أبو محمد جابر بن أفلح‎ ‎ , Latin: "Geber/Gebir" ; 1100–1150) was a Muslim astronomer and mathematician from Seville, who was active in 12th century al-Andalus. His work "Iṣlāḥ al-Majisṭi" (Correction of the "Almagest") influenced Islamic, Jewish and Christian astronomers.
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Ali ibn Qasim al-Zaqqaq "For the poet from Al-Andalus see Ibn al-Zaqqaq."
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Said al-Andalusi Ṣāʿid al‐Andalusī (1029–1070) was an Andalusi Muslim Qadi. He was born at Almería and died at Toledo. Said Al-Andalusi was a historian, philosopher of science and thought, and mathematical scientist with a special interest in astronomy. As an acclaimed Qadi in the functionary court at Toledo, he assembled a well-educated group of young, precision instrument makers, astronomers and scientists, the most renowned of whom was Al-Zarqali. He was the author of the treatise "Rectification of Planetary Motions and Exposition of Observers' Errors" and contributed to the Tables of Toledo.
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Jarrah (Surgeon) Jarrah (Arabic: الجراح‎ ‎ , Urdu: جراح‎ ) is an Arabic-language word for surgeon.