Krittibas Ojha is known for his translation of a great Indian epic into Bengali which narrates the struggle of what divine prince
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Krittibas Ojha Krittibas Ojha (1381–1461) was a medieval Bengali poet. His major contribution to Bengali literature and culture was the translation of the great Indian epic "Ramayana" into Bengali. His work, the "Sri Ram Panchali", is popularly known as the "Krittivasi Ramayan". In 1803, his work, edited by Jaygopal Tarkalamkar, was published by the Serampore Mission Press.
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Ramayana Ramayana ( ; Sanskrit: रामायणम् , "Rāmāyaṇam ", ] ), originally titled as Kaavyam Ramayanam Kritsnam Sitaayaas Charitham Mahat, is an ancient Indian epic poem which narrates the struggle of the divine prince Rama to rescue his wife Sita from the demon king Ravana. Along with the Mahabharata, it forms the Sanskrit Itihasa.
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Chhatrabhog Chhatrabhog (Bengali: ছত্রভোগ ) is a village located in Mathurapur I Block (South 24 Parganas district, West Bengal in India). The population of the village is 684. Chhatrabhog is situated in the Mathurapur police station area of Diamond Harbour Sub-Division. This was on the west bank of Adi Ganga river that was actually Bhagirathi flow passed through Hatiagar Paragana and at last met with Ganga Sagar Confluence. One Sanskrit drama named 'Probodha Chandrdaya commedia' (Composed in the 11th century) a city (জনপদ) is found in the name of Chakratirtha(in Bengali চক্রতীর্থ ) on the bank of Bhagirathi . That place still considered a pilgrimage place under greater Chhatrabhog. Being an important river port (not now) before Sunderban Forest, it has a remarkable Historical value. Mythologically Chhatrabhog ('Satrabhug' another pronunciation found) was a place of Lord Shiva that is familiar in the name of ancient (Barashi) Ambulinga.
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Dhritarashtra In the "Mahabharata", Dhritarashtra (Sanskrit: धृतराष्ट्र , "dhṛtarāṣṭra"; lit. "He who supports/bears the nation") is the King of Hastinapur at the time of the Kurukshetra War, the epic's climactic event. He was born the son of Vichitravirya's first wife Ambika, and was fathered by Veda Vyasa. Dhritarashtra was blind from birth, and became father to one hundred sons (and one daughter) by his wife Gandhari (Gāndhārī), with Yuyutsu. These children, including the eldest son Duryodhana, came to be known as the Kauravas.
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Pather Panchali (novel) Pather Panchali (Bengali: পথের পাঁচালী , Pôther Pãchali, translated as Song of the Road) is a novel written by Bibhutibhushan Bandyopadhyay and was later adapted into a film of the same name by Satyajit Ray. "Pather Panchali" deals with the life of the Roy family, both in their ancestral village in rural Bengal and later when they move to Varanasi in search of a better life, as well as the anguish and loss they face during their travels.
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Annada Mangal Annada Mangal (Bengali: "অন্নদামঙ্গল" ), or Nutan Mangal (Bengali: "নূতনমঙ্গল" ), is a Bengali narrative poem in three parts by Bharatchandra Ray, written in 1752-53. It eulogizes Hindu goddess Annapurna, a form of Parvati, worshipped in Bengal. It is the only poem in medieval Mangalkavya tradition that does not create a separate subgenre as no other poet ever ventured to praise Annapurna in their works.
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Prahlada Prahlada (Sanskrit: "Prahlāda , प्रह्लाद") was a daitya king, the son of Hiranyakashipu and Kayadu, and the father of Virochana. He is often described as a saintly boy from the Puranas known for his piety and bhakti to Lord Vishnu. Despite the abusive nature of his father, Hiranyakashipu, he continued his devotion towards Lord Vishnu. He is considered to be a "mahājana", or "great devotee", by followers of Vaishnava traditions and is of special importance to devotees of the avatār Narasiṁha. A treatise is accredited to him in the Bhagavata Purana in which Prahlāda describes the process of loving worship to his Lord Vishnu. The majority of stories in the Puranas are based on the activities of Prahlāda as a young boy, and he is usually depicted as such in paintings and illustrations.
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Bakasura In the Hindu epic "Mahabharata", Bakasura, (also called Bakasur or Bakasuran) (बकासुर) is a Rakshasa (demon) killed by Bhima. The demon lived near the city of Ekachakra (sometimes Chakranagari), and forced the king to send him daily a large quantity of provisions, which he devoured, and not only the provisions, but the men who carried them. Under the directions of Kunti, her son Bhima was sent to Bakasura for his food.
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Kiratha Arjuna Kiratha Arjuna (also known as Oorvasi Saahasam) is a 1940 Indian Tamil-language period film directed by G. Ramaseshan and Muthuswami Iyer. The film's ensemble cast featured M. R. Krishnamurthi, P. B. Rangachari, Thirukharaivaasal Subbulakshmi, Bhavani, K. Sambamurthi, T. M. Ramasami Pillai, M. V. Sulochana, M. S. Mani and T. V. Lakshmi. "Kiratha Arjuna" narrated the epic tale about the Pandava prince Arjuna and the Hindu god Shiva, disguised as a tribal hunter, fighting him. There is a temple in Ernakulam, Kerala, dedicated to this episode.
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Devapi In Hinduism, Devapi (Sanskrit: देवापि , Devāpi , lit. "friend of Gods") or Devāpi Arṣṭiṣeṇa, is an immortal sage. According to the Nirukta (ii.10), the "Brihaddevata", the Mahabharata, and the Puranas, he was a Kuru prince and the eldest son of King Pratipa of Hastinapura. He was a noble and well-liked prince but he was not allowed to succeed Pratipa, because he was affected with leprosy and the council of Brahmins and elderly citizens were opposed to this proposal. As a result of this, his younger brother Shantanu succeeded Pratipa as the king of Hastinapura. Later Devapi retired to the forest for penance. According to the Matsya Purana and the Bhagavata Purana, he along with the sage Maru will remain alive till the end of the present Kaliyuga at a place called Kalapagrama and will revive the Paurava dynasty in the next Kritayuga.
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Bhaktamal Bhaktamal is a poem in the Braja language that gives short biographies of more than two-hundred Bhaktas. It was written by Guru Nabha Dass ji (Devanāgarī: भक्तमाल , IAST: Bhaktamāla) (c. 1585), and was composed by Nabhadas (a saint belonging to the tradition of Ramananda). Though considered a hagiography by some, the work is free from miraculous events, and is widely believed to be an unbiased account of Bhaktas across all sectarian paths. In case of many Bhaktas, the Bhaktamal gives the earliest reliable account, and hence is considered an important source for literary and devotional history of northern India.
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Gandhara Kingdom Gandhāra (Sanskrit: गन्धार ) was a kingdom mentioned in the Indian epics Mahabharata and Ramayana. Gandhara prince Shakuni was the root of all the conspiracies of Duryodhana against the Pandavas, which finally resulted in the Kurukshetra War. Shakuni's sister was the wife of the Kuru king Dhritarashtra and was known as Gandhari. Gandhara was in modern Pakistan. Puskalavati, "Takshasila" (Taxila) and "Purushapura" (Peshawar) were cities in this Gandhara kingdom. Takshasila was founded by Raghava Rama's brother Bharata. Bharata's descendants ruled this kingdom afterwards. During epic period it was ruled by Shakuni's father "Suvala", Shakuni and Shakuni's son. Arjuna defeated Shakuni's son during his post-war military campaign for Yudhishthira's Aswamedha Yagna.
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Jayadeva Jayadeva (] , b.  1170 CE ), also known as Jaidev, was a Sanskrit poet during the 12th century. He is most known for his epic poem "Gita Govinda" which concentrates on Krishna's love with the cowherdess, Radha in a rite of spring. This poem, which presents the view that Radha is greater than Krishna, is considered an important text in the Bhakti movement of Hinduism.
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Naishadha Charita Naishadha Charita, also known as Naishadhiya Charita (Naiṣadhīya-carita ), is a poem in Sanskrit on the life of Nala, the king of Nishadha. Written by Sriharsha, it is considered one of the five "mahakavyas" (great epic poems) in the canon of Sanskrit literature.
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Bhanusimha Thakurer Padabali Bhanusimha Thakurer Padabali (Bengali: ভানুসিংহ ঠাকুরের পদাবলী , "Bhanushingho Thakurer Padabali"; lit. "The Songs of Bhanushingho Thakur") is a collection of Vaishnava lyrics composed in Brajabuli by Rabindranath Tagore. It was published in 1884. These lyrics, which were earlier brought out in several issues of "Bharati" magazine, were first anthologized in 1884. Later, Tagore described composing these songs in his reminiscences "Jiban Smriti". Rabindranath Tagore wrote his first substantial poems titled Bhanusimha Thakurer Padabali in Brajabuli under the pseudonym Bhānusiṃha ("Sun Lion") at age sixteen.
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Sanatkumara Sage Sanatkumara was one of the Four Kumaras, the four "Manasputras" (mind-born-sons) or spiritual sons of Brahma according to Puranic texts of Hinduism, including the Bhagavata Purana, whose other sons were Sanaka, Sanatana, and Sanandana. Sanatkumara in Sanskrit means "eternal youth". Though in Mahabharata, total seven sons are mentioned, namely: Aniruddha, Sana, Sanatsujata, Sanaka, Sanandana, Sanatkumara, Kapila, and Sanatana and further mentions that,"Knowledge comes to these seven rishis, of itself (without being dependent on study or exertion). These seven are wedded to the religion of "Nivritti" (inward contemplation). They are the foremost of all persons conversant with Yoga. They are possessed also of deep knowledge of the Sankhya philosophy. They are preceptors of the scriptures on duty and it is they that introduce the duties of the religion of "Nivritti" (inward contemplation), and cause them to flow in the worlds".
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Behula Behula (; Bengali: বেহুলা ) is the protagonist in the Shiva Purana and the Manasamangal genre of Bengali medieval epics. A number of works belonging to this genre were written between the thirteenth and eighteenth centuries. Though the religious purpose of these works is to eulogise the Hindu goddess Manasa, these works are more well known for depicting the love story of Behula and her husband Lakhindar (or Lakshindar or Lakshmindara).
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Lakshagraha Lakshagraha or Lakshagriha (Sanskrit: लाक्षागृहम् ) (The House of Lacquer) is a chapter or "parva" from the "Mahabharata", one of the two major Sanskrit epics of ancient India, the other being the Ramayana.
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Kaustubha Kaustubh (Sanskrit कौस्तुभ:) is a divine jewel or "Mani", which is in the possession of Lord Vishnu who lives in the Ksheer Sagar - "the ocean of milk". It is the most valuable ratna in the whole world.
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Valmiki Valmiki ( ; Sanskrit: वाल्मीकि, "Vālmīki") is celebrated as the harbinger-poet in Sanskrit literature. The epic "Ramayana", dated variously from 5th century BCE to first century BCE, is attributed to him, based on the attribution in the text itself. He is revered as "Ādi Kavi", the first poet, author of "Ramayana", the first epic poem.
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Bengali literature Bengali literature (Bengali: বাংলা সাহিত্য , "Bangla Sahityô") denotes the body of writings in the Bengali language. The earliest extant work in Bengali literature is the "Charyapada", a collection of Buddhist mystic songs dating back to the 10th and 11th centuries. Thereafter, the timeline of Bengali literature is divided into two periods − medieval (1360-1800) and modern (after 1800).
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Chitragupta Chitragupta (Sanskrit: चित्रगुप्त, 'rich in secrets' or 'hidden picture') is a Hindu god assigned with the task of keeping complete records of actions of human beings on the earth. Upon their death, Chitragupta has the task of deciding heaven or the hell for the humans, depending on their actions on the earth. Chitragupta Maharaj ("Chitragupta the King") is the patron deity of Kayasthas, a Hindu caste of India and Nepal.