Charles Hirshberg's mother is known for uncovering a method for predicting what?
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Charles Hirshberg Charles "Chuck" Hirshberg is an American journalist and sportswriter. He primarily writes for large-circulation magazines. His articles and columns have appeared in "Time", "Sports Illustrated", "Life", the "Los Angeles Times", the "Washington Post", "Men's Health" and other publications. As of 2002, he was an editor of "Popular Science". His mother is the astrophysicist Joan Feynman and his uncle was Nobel Prize-winning physicist Richard Feynman.
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Joan Feynman Joan Feynman (born March 31, 1927) is an American astrophysicist. She has made important contributions to the study of solar wind particles and fields; sun-Earth relations; and magnetospheric physics. In particular, Feynman is known for developing an understanding of the origin of auroras. She is also known for creating a model that predicts the number of high-energy particles likely to hit a spacecraft over its lifetime, and for uncovering a method for predicting sunspot cycles. Feynman is the younger sister of physicist Richard Feynman.
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Berndt–Hall–Hall–Hausman algorithm The Berndt–Hall–Hall–Hausman (BHHH) algorithm is a numerical optimization algorithm similar to the Gauss–Newton algorithm. It is named after the four originators: Ernst R. Berndt, B. Hall, Robert Hall, and Jerry Hausman.
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Ellen Hildreth Ellen Catherine Hildreth is a Professor of computer science at Wellesley College. She earned her Ph.D at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Her field is visual perception and computer vision. She is the co-inventor with David Marr of the Marr-Hildreth algorithm. She is a Fellow of the Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence.
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Decision tree learning Decision tree learning uses a decision tree (as a predictive model) to go from observations about an item (represented in the branches) to conclusions about the item's target value (represented in the leaves). It is one of the predictive modelling approaches used in statistics, data mining and machine learning. Tree models where the target variable can take a discrete set of values are called classification trees; in these tree structures, leaves represent class labels and branches represent conjunctions of features that lead to those class labels. Decision trees where the target variable can take continuous values (typically real numbers) are called regression trees.
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Sisterhood method The Sisterhood Method is a household survey to estimate maternal deaths, which includes a series of four questions. The Sisterhood Method is one method recommended by the WHO. Although maternal deaths are a major problem in developing countries, high quality data are rare. Yet, numbers are needed for planning in order to reduce the problem of maternal death. Several methods have been used to estimate maternal deaths. According to the WHO, "The approach was designed to overcome the problem of large sample sizes and thus reduce cost."
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Oja's rule Oja's learning rule, or simply Oja's rule, named after Finnish computer scientist Erkki Oja, is a model of how neurons in the brain or in artificial neural networks change connection strength, or learn, over time. It is a modification of the standard Hebb's Rule (see Hebbian learning) that, through multiplicative normalization, solves all stability problems and generates an algorithm for principal components analysis. This is a computational form of an effect which is believed to happen in biological neurons.
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Laura M. Haas Laura M. Haas is an American computer scientist noted for her research in database systems and
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Archetypal analysis Archetypal analysis in the statistics is an unsupervised learning method similar to the cluster analysis and introduced by Adele Cutler and Leo Breiman in 1994. Rather than "typical" observations (cluster centers), it seeks extremal points in the multidimensional data, the "archetypes". The archetypes are convex combinations of observations chosen so that observations can be approximated by convex combinations of the archetypes.
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Hindsight optimization Hindsight optimisation (HOP) is a computer science technique used in artificial intelligence for analysis of actions which have stochastic results. HOP is used in combination with a deterministic planner. By creating sample results for each of the possible actions from the given state (i.e. determinising the actions), and using the deterministic planner to analyse those sample results, HOP allows an estimate of the actual action.
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Holographic interferometry Holographic interferometry (HI) is a technique which enables static and dynamic displacements of objects with optically rough surfaces to be measured to optical interferometric precision (i.e. to fractions of a wavelength of light). These measurements can be applied to stress, strain and vibration analysis, as well as to non-destructive testing and radiation dosimetry . It can also be used to detect optical path length variations in transparent media, which enables, for example, fluid flow to be visualised and analyzed. It can also be used to generate contours representing the form of the surface.
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Group contribution method A group contribution method in chemistry is a technique to estimate and predict thermodynamic and other properties from molecular structures.
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Linguistic profiling Linguistic profiling is the practice of identifying the social characteristics of an individual based on auditory cues, in particular dialect and accent. The theory was first developed by Professor John Baugh to explain discriminatory practices in the housing market based on the auditory redlining of prospective clientele by housing administrators. Linguistic profiling extends to issues of legal proceedings, employment opportunities, and education. The theory is frequently described as the auditory equivalent of racial profiling. The bulk of the research and evidence in support of the theory pertain to racial and ethnic distinctions, though its applicability holds within racial or ethnic groups, perceived gender and sexual orientation, and in distinguishing location of geographic origin.
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Ordinal regression In statistics, ordinal regression (also called "ordinal classification") is a type of regression analysis used for predicting an ordinal variable, i.e. a variable whose value exists on an arbitrary scale where only the relative ordering between different values is significant. It can be considered an intermediate problem between regression and classification. Examples of ordinal regression are ordered logit and ordered probit. Ordinal regression turns up often in the social sciences, for example in the modeling of human levels of preference (on a scale from, say, 1–5 for "very poor" through "excellent"), as well as in information retrieval. In machine learning, ordinal regression may also be called ranking learning.
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Esther Bick Esther Bick, née Esteza Lifsza Wander (1902–1983), born in Przemyśl, Poland (then part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire), was a child psychoanalyst who had a profound influence on the development of child psychotherapy in England. She is known for developing the method of psychoanalytic infant observation. Her discovery of the potential of infant observation undertaken within the home over the first year or two of life to underpin the growth of a psychoanalytic perspective within the observer was a conceptual innovation in the history of child psychiatry. It has since become an essential feature of pre-clinical training in child and adult psychotherapy, psychoanalysis and related fields throughout the world.
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Ruby Hirose Ruby Sakae Hirose (1904 – 1960) was an American biochemist and bacteriologist. She did research on blood clotting and Thrombin, allergies, and researched cancer using antimetabolites.
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Claire Selltiz Claire Selltiz (1914–2000) was an American social psychologist who is credited with laying out three principles of causality: correlation, precedence and nonspuriousness, in the 1959 introductory research methods textbook "Research methods in social relations" of which she was the lead author. Salvatore Babones notes that prior to her widely cited 1959 book "there seems to be no earlier formulation of the three principles as such", and that "the entire academic community... adopted these principles" from that book.
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Lilly Dubowitz Lilly Dubowitz (20 March 1930 – 14 March 2016) was a Hungarian-born British paediatrician who together with her husband, the British neurologist Victor Dubowitz, came up with the Dubowitz Score to estimate gestational age.
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Mehrotra predictor–corrector method Mehrotra's predictor–corrector method in optimization is a specific interior point method for linear programming. It was proposed in 1989 by Sanjay Mehrotra.
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Policy capturing Policy capturing or "the PC technique" is a statistical method used in social psychology to quantify the relationship between a person's judgement and the information that was used to make that judgement. Policy capturing assessments rely upon regression analysis models. Policy capturing is frequently used by businesses to assess employee performance.
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Hypothetico-deductive model The hypothetico-deductive model or method is a proposed description of scientific method. According to it, scientific inquiry proceeds by formulating a hypothesis in a form that could conceivably be falsified by a test on observable data. A test that could and does run contrary to predictions of the hypothesis is taken as a falsification of the hypothesis. A test that could but does not run contrary to the hypothesis corroborates the theory. It is then proposed to compare the explanatory value of competing hypotheses by testing how stringently they are corroborated by their predictions.
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Charles Robert Sanger Charles Robert Sanger (1860–1912) was a chemist and professor at Harvard University whose research centered on detecting and curing the causes of illness caused by chemicals in the home.