Nikolai Mikhaylovich Albov is credited with being the first European explorer to have traveled extensively over an archipelago off the southernmost tip of the South American mainland across what strait?
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Nikolai Albov Nikolai Mikhaylovich Albov (Russian: Николай Михайлович Альбов , 15 October 1866 — 6 December 1897, La Plata, Argentina) was a Russian botanist and geographer. He made his mark first as an explorer of the Caucasus, to which he made several extensive trips financed by the Swiss Botanist Society, and later, after having moved to Argentina in 1895, of the Southern regions of South America. He is credited with being arguably the first European explorer to have traveled extensively over Patagonia and Tierra del Fuego and (writing in Russian and French), described its flora.
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Tierra del Fuego Tierra del Fuego ( , ] ; Spanish for "Land of Fire") is an archipelago off the southernmost tip of the South American mainland, across the Strait of Magellan. The archipelago consists of the main island, Isla Grande de Tierra del Fuego, with an area of 48100 km2 , and a group of many islands, including Cape Horn and Diego Ramírez Islands. Tierra del Fuego is divided between Chile and Argentina, with the latter controlling the eastern half of the main island and the former the western half plus the islands south of Beagle Channel. The southernmost extent of the archipelago is at about latitude 55 S.
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Ulya River Ulya River (Russian: Улья ) is a river in northern Khabarovsk Krai in Russia. The length of the river is 325 km , the area of its drainage basin is 15500 km2 . The Ulya originates in the Dzhugdzhur Mountains, flows northeast parallel to the coast and turns east to reach the Sea of Okhotsk about 100 km southwest of Okhotsk. It freezes up in late October through early November and remains icebound until May. The first Russian to reach the Pacific Ocean was Ivan Moskvitin who sailed down the Ulya and wintered near its mouth in 1639. Vasili Poyarkov reused his huts in 1646. The Ulya was one of the water routes to and from Okhotsk. From its tributaries either the Lama Portage or the Alachak Portage led to the Mati River which flows north to the Maya River, which leads to the Aldan River and then Lena River to Yakutsk.
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Alonso Álvarez de Pineda Alonso Álvarez de Pineda (] ; Aldeacentenera, 1494-1520) was a Spanish explorer and cartographer who was first documented in Texas history . In 1517 he led several expeditions to map the western coastlines of the Gulf of Mexico, from the Yucatán Peninsula to the Pánuco River, just north of Veracruz . Ponce de León had previously mapped parts of Florida, which he believed to be an island . Antón de Alaminos' exploration eliminated the western areas as being the site of the passage, leaving the land between the Pánuco River and Florida to be mapped.
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Vitus Bering Vitus Jonassen Bering (baptised 5 August 1681, died 19 December 1741), also known as Ivan Ivanovich Bering, was a Danish cartographer and explorer in Russian service, and an officer in the Russian Navy. He is known as a leader of two Russian expeditions, namely the First Kamchatka Expedition and the Great Northern Expedition, exploring of the north-eastern coast of the Asian continent and from there the western coast on the North American continent. The Bering Strait, the Bering Sea, Bering Island, the Bering Glacier and the Bering Land Bridge were all named in his honor.
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Russian Gap Russian Gap ( ) is a gap extending in a north-south direction between the Havre Mountains and Rouen Mountains, in the north part of Alexander Island, Antarctica. The north coast of Alexander Island was first sketched from a great distance in 1821 by the Russian expedition under Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen and this gap apparently represented by one of two open spaces between three high features. The gap was mapped in detail from air photos taken by the Ronne Antarctic Research Expedition (RARE), 1947–48, by Searle of the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey (FIDS) in 1960. Named by the United Kingdom Antarctic Place-Names Committee (UK-APC) for the Russian group which observed this area in 1821. The Russian Gap and Edwards Gap are the only two gaps of Alexander Island.
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Alessandro Malaspina Alessandro Malaspina (November 5, 1754 – April 9, 1810) was an Italian explorer who spent most of his life as a Spanish naval officer. He was a member of the CUP. Under a Spanish royal commission, he undertook a voyage around the world from 1786 to 1788, then, from 1789 to 1794, a scientific expedition (the Malaspina Expedition) throughout the Pacific Ocean, exploring and mapping much of the west coast of the Americas from Cape Horn to the Gulf of Alaska, crossing to Guam and the Philippines, and stopping in New Zealand, Australia, and Tonga.
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Bellingshausen Island Bellingshausen Island is one of the most southerly of the South Sandwich Islands, close to Thule Island and Cook Island, and forming part of the Southern Thule group. It is named after its discoverer, Baltic German-Russian Antarctic explorer Fabian von Bellingshausen (1778–1852).
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John Cabot John Cabot (Italian: "Giovanni Caboto" , Venetian: "Zuan Chabotto" ; c. 1450 – c. 1500) was a Venetian navigator and explorer whose 1497 discovery of the coast of North America under the commission of Henry VII of England was the first European exploration of the mainland of North America since the Norse visits to Vinland in the eleventh century. To mark the celebration of the 500th anniversary of Cabot's expedition, both the Canadian and British governments elected Cape Bonavista, Newfoundland, as Cabot's first landing site. However, alternative locations have also been proposed.
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Punta Dúngeness Punta Dúngeness is a headland at the eastern entrance of the Strait of Magellan on its north shore, opposite Cabo del Espiritu Santo in Tierra del Fuego. West of the Punta Dungeness lies the Bahía Posesión. Punta Dungeness marks the border between Chile and Argentina, and according to the Treaty of Peace and Friendship of 1984 between Chile and Argentina the line between Punta Dungeness and Cabo del Espiritu Santo marks the limits of each country's territorial waters. It is the southernmost point on the mainland of Argentina, and the easternmost point on the mainland of Chile. There is a lighthouse on the Chilean side.
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Beauchene Island Beauchene Island is the southernmost of the Falkland Islands, lying about 54 km south of Porpoise Point in Lafonia. It was discovered in 1701 by Jacques Gouin de Beauchêne in whose honour it was named.
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Lewthwaite Strait Lewthwaite Strait ( ) is a passage 2.5 nmi wide, lying between Coronation Island and Powell Island in the South Orkney Islands, Antarctica. It was discovered in December 1821, on the occasion of the joint cruise of Captain George Powell, a British sealer in the sloop "Dove", and Captain Nathaniel Palmer, an American sealer in the sloop "James Monroe". Mr. Lewthwaite was a teacher of navigation in Prince's Street, Rotherhithe, London; Captain Powell left the chart and journal of his Antarctic exploration with Lewthwaite before sailing on his last expedition, on which he met his death.
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Tres Montes Peninsula The Tres Montes Peninsula (Spanish: "Península Tres Montes" , English: "Three Hills Peninsula") is a southwestward projection of Taitao Peninsula which in turn connects to the mainland of Chile by the narrow Isthmus of Ofqui. The peninsula is situated in Aysén del General Carlos Ibáñez del Campo Region close to the Chile Triple Junction of the Nazca, Antarctic and South American plates.
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Zimovia Strait Zimovia Strait is a narrow strait in the Alexander Archipelago in the U.S. state of Alaska. It is about 100 km (60 mi) long and bounded by Wrangell Island to the east and Woronkofski and Etolin Islands to the west. The strait is shown in an 1844 Russian chart, but the name was first published in 1853 on a Russian Hydrographic Department chart as "Proliv Zimov'ya" (English: "Winter Strait").
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Leonardo's world map Generally known as Leonardo's world map, it is a map drawn in the "octant projection" in approximately 1514, which has been related with the first uses of the name America. The map shows all the information that Amerigo Vespucci brought from his travels, reported in 1503 and 1505. Additionally, the map shows the Arctic as an ocean and Antarctica as a continent of about the correct size, a cartographic accuracy not replicated for about the following three centuries.
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Roullin Point Roullin Point ( ) is a point marking the south tip of Booth Island, in the Wilhelm Archipelago. Probably first seen by the German expedition under Dallmann, 1873-74. Charted by the French Antarctic Expedition, 1903-05 under Charcot, and named by him for Captain Roullin, French Navy.
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Russian colonization of the Americas The Russian colonization of the Americas covers the period from 1732 to 1867, when the Russian Empire laid claim to northern Pacific Coast territories in the Americas. Russian colonial possessions in the Americas are collectively known as Russian America. Russian expansion eastward began in 1552, and in 1639 Russian explorers reached the Pacific Ocean. In 1725, Emperor Peter the Great ordered navigator Vitus Bering to explore the North Pacific for potential colonization. The Russians were primarily interested in the abundance of fur-bearing mammals on Alaska's coast, as stocks had been depleted by overhunting in Siberia. Bering's first voyage was foiled by thick fog and ice, but in 1741 a second voyage by Bering and Aleksei Chirikov made sight of the North American mainland.
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Juan Bautista Pastene Giovanni Battista Pastene (1507–1580) was a Genoese maritime explorer who, while in the service of the Spanish crown, explored the coasts of Panama, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Chile as far south as to the archipelago of Chiloé.
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Nemuro Strait Nemuro Strait, also called Notsuke Strait and Kunashirsky Strait (Russian: Кунаширский пролив ), is a strait, located at , separating Kunashir Island of the Kuril Islands, Russia (claimed by Japan) from the Shiretoko Peninsula, Hokkaidō, Japan.
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Smolensk Strait Smolensk Strait (Bulgarian: проток Смоленск , "Protok Smolensk " \'pro-tok smo-'lensk\) is the strait in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica separating Deception Island from Rozhen Peninsula on Livingston Island, 18.4 km wide between Macaroni Point to the southwest and Barnard Point to the northeast.
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King George Island (South Shetland Islands) King George Island (Argentina: Isla 25 de Mayo, Chile: Isla Rey Jorge, Russian: Ватерло́о Vaterloo) is the largest of the South Shetland Islands, lying 120 km off the coast of Antarctica in the Southern Ocean. The island was named after King George III.
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Strait of Tartary Strait of Tartary or Gulf of Tartary (Russian: Татарский пролив ; ; Japanese: 間宮海峡 , "Mamiya kaikyō ", 'Mamiya Strait' ) is a strait in the Pacific Ocean dividing the Russian island of Sakhalin from mainland Asia (South-East Russia), connecting the Sea of Okhotsk on the north with the Sea of Japan on the south. It is 900 km long, 4–20 m (13-66 ft) deep, and 7.3 km wide at the narrowest point.