The Chicago Boys were a group of Chilean economists prominent around the 1970s and 80s, the majority of whom trained at the Department of Economics of which organization, under Milton Friedman, was an American economist who received the 1976 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences for his research on consumption analysis, monetary history and theory, and the complexity of stabilization policy?
8b6d38da19324e97607dcec007024cd7
Chicago Boys The Chicago Boys were a group of Chilean economists prominent around the 1970s and 80s, the majority of whom trained at the Department of Economics of the University of Chicago under Milton Friedman and Arnold Harberger, or at its affiliate in the economics department at the Pontifical Catholic University of Chile. Upon their return to Latin America they adopted positions in numerous South American governments as economic advisors, many of them reaching high positions. The Heritage Foundation credits them with transforming Chile into Latin America's best performing economy and one of the world's most business-friendly jurisdictions. However, critics point to drastic increases in unemployment that can be attributed to policies implemented on their advice to fight inflation. Some (such as Nobel laureate Amartya Sen) have argued that these policies were deliberately intended to serve the interests of American corporations at the expense of Latin American populations. Peter Kornbluh states that in the case of Chile, American attempts to influence the Chilean economy ceased once the Chicago Boys had gained political influence; this may have been the true underlying cause of the subsequent increase in economic growth.
78b03bcbfbf85ecd2c378db3cc8dcdcd
Milton Friedman Milton Friedman ( ; July 31, 1912 – November 16, 2006) was an American economist who received the 1976 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences for his research on consumption analysis, monetary history and theory, and the complexity of stabilization policy. With George Stigler and others, Friedman was among the intellectual leaders of the second generation of Chicago price theory, a methodological movement at the University of Chicago's Department of Economics, Law School, and Graduate School of Business from the 1940s onward. Several students and young professors that were recruited or mentored by Friedman at Chicago went on to become leading economists; they include Gary Becker, Robert Fogel, Thomas Sowell, and Robert Lucas, Jr.
fc950fe88fd6396b9d1db2e7c81de8f0
Michael Intriligator Michael D. Intriligator (February 5, 1938 – June 23, 2014) was an American economist at the University of California, Los Angeles, where he was Professor of Economics, Political Science, and Policy Studies, and Co-Director of the Jacob Marschak Interdisciplinary Colloquium on Mathematics in the Behavioral Sciences. In addition, he was a Senior Fellow at the Milken Institute in Santa Monica, a Senior Fellow of the Gorbachev Foundation of North America in Boston, a Foreign Member of the Russian Academy of Science, and a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science. He received his Ph.D. in Economics at MIT in 1963 and the same year joined the UCLA Department of Economics. He taught courses in economic theory, econometrics, mathematical economics, international relations, and health economics, and received several distinguished teaching awards.
71812da16057cb7e51c3ba8c18cb87ce
Bo Becker Bo Becker (born 1971) is a Swedish economist, and Professor of Financial Economics at the Stockholm School of Economics, known for his work on rating, reputation and competition.
7d3d5a87f34c84dc19c60d8fe626b3f9
Austrian business cycle theory The Austrian business cycle theory (ABCT) is an economic theory developed by the Austrian School of economics about how business cycles occur. The theory views business cycles as the consequence of excessive growth in bank credit, due to artificially low interest rates set by a central bank or fractional reserve banks. The Austrian business cycle theory originated in the work of Austrian School economists Ludwig von Mises and Friedrich Hayek. Hayek won the Nobel Prize in economics in 1974 (shared with Gunnar Myrdal) in part for his work on this theory.
6297594647eb2b4c385091f7a019cdb7
Jonathan Friedman Jonathan Friedman (born April 7, 1946) is an American anthropologist. He earned his Ph.D. at Columbia University in 1972. He is professor emeritus of Anthropology at University of California, San Diego and Director of Studies at the École des hautes études en sciences sociales. He is an editorial board member of the journal Anthropological Theory. Friedman has done most of his research in Hawaii and the Republic of Congo.
4a0b5b4285fa048291a41a6ca4bedb21
Guillermo Calvo Guillermo Antonio Calvo (born 1941) is an Argentine-American economist who is Director of Columbia University's mid-career Program in Economic Policy Management in their School of International and Public Affairs (SIPA).
9a789699c9abe82d6199cd8fef770e94
James Hayden Tufts James Hayden Tufts (1862–1942), an influential American philosopher, was a professor of the then newly founded Chicago University. Tufts was also a member of the Board of Arbitration, and the chairman of a committee of the social agencies of Chicago. The work "Ethics" in 1908 (with a second edition appearing in 1932) was a collaboration of Tufts and John Dewey. Tufts believed in a conception of mutual influences which he saw as opposed in both Marxism and idealism.
8021fcff399e22becccc9caf73982de7
Gary Pisano Gary P. Pisano is an American economist currently the Harry E. Figgie Professor of Business Administration at Harvard Business School.
ab351509d84870d42b1a61eb6b21977e
Giovanni Andrea Cornia Giovanni Andrea Cornia (born 9 April 1947), is a development economist. He is Professor of Economics, Department of Economics and Management (formerly Faculty of Economics), at the University of Florence. He has previously been the director of the Regional Institute of Economic Planning of Tuscany (Istituto Regionale Programmazione Economica della Toscana, IRPET), the United Nations University World Institute for Development Economics Research (UNU-WIDER), in Helsinki, and the Economic and Policy Research Program, UNICEF Office of Research-Innocenti, in Florence. He was formerly also Chief Economist, UNICEF, New York. His main areas of professional interest are income and asset inequality, poverty, growth, child well-being, human development and mortality crises, transition economics, and institutional economics. He is author of over a dozen books and dozens of articles, reports and working papers on practical development economics issues in individual countries, regions and globally.
5b9acbd7363893f0798bb874c9b26751
Financial economics Financial economics is the branch of economics characterized by a "concentration on monetary activities", in which "money of one type or another is likely to appear on "both sides" of a trade". Its concern is thus the interrelation of financial variables, such as prices, interest rates and shares, as opposed to those concerning the real economy. It has two main areas of focus: asset pricing (or "investment theory") and corporate finance; the first being the perspective of providers of capital and the second of users of capital.
1a300566f2a79b6901f61f2c921b064f
Columbia–Chicago School of Economics The Columbia–Chicago School of Economics refers to a group of economists at Columbia University and the University of Chicago that helped to develop the empirical foundations of human capital theory, consequently revolutionizing the field of labor economics.
96aafaf74dfad91810f0a9b56abf4045
Edwin M. Truman Edwin (Ted) M. Truman (born 1941) is an American economist specializing in international financial institutions, especially the International Monetary Fund and sovereign wealth funds. He has been a Senior Fellow with the Peterson Institute for International Economics since 2001. Truman has worked quietly over the years on international financial crises issues. Nobel laureate Paul Krugman described Truman as the "George Smiley of international economics".
33442159f2acf426fd09c808b624d1f8
Jonathan D. Ostry Jonathan David Ostry (born July 29, 1962) is an international economist, who is currently Deputy Director of the Research Department of the International Monetary Fund. His recent work has focused on the management of international capital flows, in particular the role of capital controls; this work has been influential in bringing about a shift in the institutional position of the IMF on capital controls. Ostry has also published influential studies on the relationship between income inequality and economic growth, where his work—which has featured prominently in the financial press—suggests that high income inequality and a failure to sustain economic growth may be two sides of the same coin. His other work focuses on fiscal sustainability issues (especially the role of a country’s track record of fiscal management in enabling it to access the international capital markets). Ostry has many distinguished academic publications, and his work has been cited widely in scholarly journals, and in the press, including the Economist, the Financial Times, the Wall Street Journal, the New York Times and the Washington Post.
ab90ef4ea9420af3890d9430e403ffe4
Ricardo Ffrench-Davis Ricardo Ffrench-Davis(born June 27, 1936) is a Chilean Economist. He is Professor of the Department of Economics and the Instituto de Estudios Internacionales at the University of Chile.
c11edc100d53d1c667a0bb5ca5c03d02
William G. Gale William G. "Bill" Gale is the Arjay and Frances Miller Chair in Federal Economic Policy and the former vice president and director of the Economic Studies Program at the Brookings Institution. He conducts research on a variety of economic issues, focusing particularly on tax policy, fiscal policy, pensions and saving behavior. He is also co-director of the Tax Policy Center, a joint venture of the Brookings Institution and the Urban Institute. Gale attended Duke University and the London School of Economics and received his Ph.D. from Stanford University in 1987.
c012af7028b726cf3b45b5b09a394fc6
Jaroslav Vanek Jaroslav Vaněk (born 1930, Prague) is an economist and Professor Emeritus of Cornell University known for his research on economics of participation (labour-managed firms, worker cooperatives) and, in his earlier career, on the theory of international trade.
9a7543a6a0e12e411642b25135473163
Nicolaus Tideman T. Nicolaus Tideman ( , not ; born August 11, 1943 in Chicago, Illinois) is a Georgist economist and professor at Virginia Tech. He received his Bachelor of Arts in economics and mathematics from Reed College in 1965 and his PhD in economics from the University of Chicago in 1969. Tideman was an Assistant Professor of Economics at Harvard University from 1969-1973, during which time from 1970-1971 he was a Senior Staff Economist for the President's Council of Economic Advisors. Since 1973 he has been at Virginia Tech, with various visiting positions at Harvard's Kennedy School of Government (1979-1980), University of Buckingham (1985-1986), and the American Institute for Economic Research (1999-2000).
0ed8e9c5637f4abf55f694c073801320
Keynesian economics Keynesian economics ( ; or Keynesianism) are the various theories about how in the short run – and especially during recessions – economic output is strongly influenced by aggregate demand (total spending in the economy). In the Keynesian view, aggregate demand does not necessarily equal the productive capacity of the economy; instead, it is influenced by a host of factors and sometimes behaves erratically, affecting production, employment, and inflation.
28481d47649315935f99b18f95ff2fff
Rose Friedman Rose Director Friedman ( ; born Rose Director, December, 1910 – 18 August 2009), also known as Rose D. Friedman, was a free-market economist and co-founder of the Milton and Rose D. Friedman Foundation.
cfb2ad1a049b18acf44ecfa0c8322753
Lars Lefgren Lars Lefgren (born October 1972) is an American Economist trained at the University of Chicago Booth School of Business who is a professor of Economics at Brigham Young University (BYU), specializing in labor economics and causal identification strategies.
fa833d323ac2f1d749ddf46a9e0a9e8f
Nancy Stokey Nancy Laura Stokey (born May 8, 1950) is the Frederick Henry Prince Distinguished Service Professor of Economics at the University of Chicago. She earned her BA in economics from the University of Pennsylvania in 1972 and her PhD from Harvard University in 1978, under the direction of thesis advisor Kenneth Arrow.