Who was the first person to describe Relational Quantum mechanics and has worked in Italy, the United States, and France?
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Relational quantum mechanics Relational quantum mechanics (RQM) is an interpretation of quantum mechanics which treats the state of a quantum system as being observer-dependent, that is, the state "is" the relation between the observer and the system. This interpretation was first delineated by Carlo Rovelli in a 1994 preprint, and has since been expanded upon by a number of theorists. It is inspired by the key idea behind special relativity, that the details of an observation depend on the reference frame of the observer, and uses some ideas from Wheeler on quantum information.
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Carlo Rovelli Carlo Rovelli (born 3 May 1956) is an Italian theoretical physicist and writer who has worked in Italy, the United States and since 2000, in France. His work is mainly in the field of quantum gravity, where he is among the founders of the loop quantum gravity theory. He has also worked in the history and philosophy of science. He collaborates regularly with several Italian newspapers, in particular the cultural supplements of "Il Corriere della Sera", "Il Sole 24 Ore" and "La Repubblica".
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Relational model The relational model (RM) for database management is an approach to managing data using a structure and language consistent with first-order predicate logic, first described in 1969 by Edgar F. Codd, where all data is represented in terms of tuples, grouped into relations. A database organized in terms of the relational model is a relational database.
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Wolfhart Zimmermann Zimmermann was born in Freiburg im Breisgau. In the 1950s he was at Göttingen one of the pioneers of the mathematical quantum field theory; along with Kurt Symanzik and Harry Lehmann he developed the LSZ theory. From 1962 to 1974 he was a professor at the New York University. From 1974 to 1996 he was a director at the Max Planck Institute for physics in Munich, where he was later "Director Emeritus".
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Ataç İmamoğlu Ataç İmamoğlu (born August 12, 1964 in Minneapolis, USA) is a Turkish-US physicist working on quantum optics and quantum computation. His academic interests are quantum optics, semiconductor physics, and nonlinear optics.
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Hertha Sponer Hertha Sponer (1 September 1895 – 27 February 1968) was a German physicist and chemist who contributed to modern quantum mechanics and molecular physics and was the first woman on the physics faculty of Duke University.
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Particle physics and representation theory There is a natural connection between particle physics and representation theory, as first noted in the 1930s by Eugene Wigner. It links the properties of elementary particles to the structure of Lie groups and Lie algebras. According to this connection, the different quantum states of an elementary particle give rise to an irreducible representation of the Poincaré group. Moreover, the properties of the various particles, including their spectra, can be related to representations of Lie algebras, corresponding to "approximate symmetries" of the universe.
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Federico Capasso Federico Capasso (born 1949, Rome, Italy), a prominent applied physicist, was one of the inventors of the quantum cascade laser during his work at Bell Laboratories. He is currently on the faculty of Harvard University. He has co-authored over 450 papers, edited four volumes, and holds over 60 US patents.
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Hiroomi Umezawa Hiroomi Umezawa (梅沢 博臣 , Umezawa Hiroomi ) (September 20, 1924 – March 24, 1995) was a physicist and Distinguished Professor in the Department of Physics at the University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee. He is known for his fundamental contributions to quantum field theory and for his work on quantum phenomena in relation to the mind.
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Paul Wiegmann Paul B. Wiegmann (Павел Борисович Вигман) is a Russian physicist. He is the Robert W. Reneker Distinguished Service Professor in the Department of Physics at the University of Chicago, James Franck Institute and Enrico Fermi Institute. He specializes in theoretical condensed matter physics. He made pioneering contributions to the field of quantum integrable systems. He found exact solutions of O(3) Non-linear Sigma Model, , Wess–Zumino–Witten model (together with Alexander Polyakov), Anderson impurity model and Kondo model.
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Martin Lüscher Martin Lüscher (born August 3, 1949 in Bern) is a Swiss theoretical physicist, who works primarily on numerical quantum chromodynamics (lattice field theory).
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Sauro Succi Sauro Succi is an Italian scientist, internationally credited for being one of the founders of the successful Lattice Boltzmann method for fluid dynamics.
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Walter Heitler Walter Heinrich Heitler (] ; 2 January 1904 – 15 November 1981) was a German physicist who made contributions to quantum electrodynamics and quantum field theory. He brought chemistry under quantum mechanics through his theory of valence bonding.
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Jean le Rond d'Alembert Jean-Baptiste le Rond d'Alembert ( ; ] ; 16 November 1717 – 29 October 1783) was a French mathematician, mechanician, physicist, philosopher, and music theorist. Until 1759 he was also co-editor with Denis Diderot of the "Encyclopédie". D'Alembert's formula for obtaining solutions to the wave equation is named after him. The Wave equation is sometimes referred to as d'Alembert's equation.
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Giulio Giorello Giulio Giorello (] ; born 14 May 1945, Milan) is an Italian philosopher, mathematician, and epistemologist.
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Copenhagen interpretation The Copenhagen interpretation is an expression of the meaning of quantum mechanics that was largely devised in the years 1925 to 1927 by Niels Bohr and Werner Heisenberg. It remains one of the most commonly taught interpretations of quantum mechanics.
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Enrico Clementi Enrico Clementi (born November 19, 1931 in Cembra, Italy) is an Italian chemist, a pioneer in computational techniques for quantum chemistry and molecular dynamics.
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Rudolf Haag Rudolf Haag (17 August 1922 – 5 January 2016) was a German physicist. He was best known for his contributions to the algebraic formulation of axiomatic quantum field theory (QFT), namely the Haag–Kastler axioms, and a central no-go theorem in QFT, Haag's theorem, which demonstrates the nonexistence of a unitary time-evolution operator in the interaction picture.
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Ilya Prigogine Viscount Ilya Romanovich Prigogine ( ; Russian: Илья́ Рома́нович Приго́жин , "Ilya Romanovich Prigozhin";25 January [O.S. 12 January] 1917 28 May 2003) was a Belgian physical chemist and Nobel Laureate noted for his work on dissipative structures, complex systems, and irreversibility.
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Solèr's theorem In mathematics, Solèr's theorem is a result concerning certain infinite-dimensional vector spaces. It states that any orthomodular form that has an infinite orthonormal sequence is a Hilbert space over the real numbers, complex numbers or quaternions. Originally proved by Maria Pia Solèr, the result is significant for quantum logic and the foundations of quantum mechanics. In particular, Solèr's theorem helps to fill a gap in the effort to use Gleason's theorem to rederive quantum mechanics from information-theoretic postulates.
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Augustin-Louis Cauchy Baron Augustin-Louis Cauchy FRS FRSE (] ; 21 August 1789 – 23 May 1857) was a French mathematician and physicist who made pioneering contributions to analysis. He was one of the first to state and prove theorems of calculus rigorously, rejecting the heuristic principle of the generality of algebra of earlier authors. He almost singlehandedly founded complex analysis and the study of permutation groups in abstract algebra. A profound mathematician, Cauchy had a great influence over his contemporaries and successors. His writings range widely in mathematics and mathematical physics.
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Claudio Procesi Claudio Procesi (March 31, 1941 in Rome) is an Italian mathematician, known for works in algebra and representation theory.