What was the first nationally distributed lesbian publication in the United States, The Woman Voter or The Ladder ?
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The Ladder (magazine) The Ladder was the first nationally distributed lesbian publication in the United States. It was published monthly from 1956 to 1970, and once every other month in 1971 and 1972. It was the primary publication and method of communication for the Daughters of Bilitis, the first lesbian organization in the US. It was supported by ONE, Inc. and the Mattachine Society, with whom the DOB retained friendly relations. The name of the magazine was derived from the artwork on its first cover, simple line drawings showing figures moving towards a ladder that disappeared into the clouds.
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The Woman Voter The Woman Voter was a monthly suffragist journal published in New York City by the Woman Suffrage Party (WSP). It ran between 1910 and 1917. The first editor was Mary Ritter Beard. Beard created a suffragist publication which was unique in offering coverage of topics that "cut across class, age and organizational boundaries."
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National Federation of Republican Women The National Federation of Republican Women (NFRW) is the women's wing of the Republican Party in the United States.
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Minorities Research Group The Minorities Research Group (MRG) (est. 1963) was the first organisation to openly advocate the interests of lesbians in the United Kingdom. It was founded by four women who got together in response to an article that was published in the magazine "Twentieth Century". The group published the "Minorities Research Group Newsletter", and went on to publish its own lesbian magazine called "Arena Three" that provided a lifeline to remote lesbians around the country.
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Lesbian Art Project Lesbian Art Project (1977 – 1979) was a participatory art movement founded by Terry Wolverton and Arlene Raven at the Woman's Building in Los Angeles. The pioneering project focused on giving a platform to lesbian and feminist perspectives of participants through performance, art making, salons, workshops and writing. One significant piece of work created during the project was "An Oral Herstory of Lesbianism", in 1979, which documented lesbian women and their feelings, views, experiences, and expression.
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Jeannette Howard Foster Jeannette Howard Foster (November 3, 1895 – July 26, 1981) was an American librarian, professor, poet, and researcher in the field of lesbian literature. She pioneered the study of popular fiction and ephemera in order to excavate both overt and covert lesbian themes. Her years of pioneering data collection culminated in her 1956 study "Sex Variant Women in Literature", which has become a seminal resource in LGBT studies. Initially self-published by Foster via Vantage Press, it was photoduplicated and reissued in 1975 by Diana Press and reissued in 1985 by Naiad Press with updating additions and commentary by Barbara Grier.
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Ellen Dawson Ellen "Nellie" Dawson Kanki (14 December 1900 - 17 April 1967), best known as Ellen Dawson, was a Scottish-American political activist and trade union organizer in the textile industry. Dawson is best remembered as an active participant in three of the greatest textile strikes of the 1920s; the 1926 Passaic textile strike, the 1928 New Bedford textile strike, and the 1929 Loray Mill strike in Gastonia, North Carolina. An activist in the Communist Party USA during the 1920s, Dawson was the first woman ever elected to a leadership position in an American textile union.
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Madeleine Lemoyne Ellicott Madeleine Lemoyne, Mrs. Charles E. Ellicott (November 14, 1856 – 1945) was an American suffragette. She was the founder of the League of Women Voters of Maryland, serving as its president for 20 years, longer than anyone else.
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Sarah H. Earle Sarah Hussey Earle (August 26, 1799 – March 9, 1858) was an abolitionist, American Quaker, and women's rights activist. She was born in Nantucket, Massachusetts and married John Milton Earle on June 6, 1821 before moving to Worcester, Massachusetts. She founded the Worcester Ladies Anti-Slavery Sewing Circle and served as its president in 1839. She assisted and served on committees of the Worcester County Anti-Slavery Society, South Division from 1841 and was the first woman to serve as one of the vice-presidents of the South Division before her death in 1858. Additionally, Earle coordinated Worcester anti-slavery fairs from 1848 and organized fundraising for the American Anti-Slavery Society, eventually sending donations to Maria Weston Chapman. She founded and was president of the Worcester City Anti-Slavery Society, in addition to organizing lectures for the organization. She gave the opening address to the first National Women's Rights Convention, which was held in Worcester, Massachusetts in 1850, and was elected president of the 1854 New England Women's Rights Convention in Boston. Her political activities also included petitioning; she signed a petition for women's suffrage sent to the Massachusetts legislature in 1851, available at: http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:FHCL:11005521, and lead a petition to strike the word "males" from the Massachusetts Constitution, which was sent to the Massachusetts legislature in 1855, available at: http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:FHCL:11005534. Earle was also involved in the Worcester County Temperance Convention and was a reader and supporter of Paulina Kellogg Wright Davis's periodical, The Una. Eight of her nine children survived infancy.
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Mary Lynde Craig Mary Delano Catherine Lynde Foster Hoffman Craig (March 24, 1834-June 20, 1921) was an American writer, teacher, and attorney. She owned property in San Francisco, and was an activist for women's property rights. Craig served as Associate Editor of the Redlands, California "The Citrograph". In 1893, she was one of four women practicing law in California. In 1891, she gave the "Address of Weicome" at the organization of Sequoia Chapter, San Francisco. While attending the National Editorial Association at Chicago with her husband, in May 1893, she also had opportunity to speak to other large audiences—once at the Auditorium, once at the Art Palace, and once at the Woman's Building. She served as president of the Pacific Coast Women's Press Association and historian of the Hastings Law column.
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Betty Andujar Elizabeth Richards Andujar, known as Betty Andujar (November 6, 1912 – June 8, 1997), was a homemaker, civic activist, and politician, the first Republican woman to be elected and serve in the Texas State Senate. From 1973 to 1983, Andujar represented District 12 in Fort Worth, the seat of Tarrant County in North Texas.
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Jessie Jack Hooper Jessie Annette Jack Hooper (November 9, 1865 – May 7, 1935) was an American peace activist and suffragist, who was the first president of the Wisconsin League of Women Voters. She became involved in women's suffrage as an empowerment for women's civic clubs. In 1922 she ran against an incumbent politician for election to the United States Senate, a campaign which inspired her to organize women's groups to call for world disarmament.
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Votes for Women (speech) Votes for Women, a popular slogan in the campaign for women's suffrage in the United States, was also the title of a January 20, 1901 speech by American author and humorist Samuel Langhorne Clemens, better known as Mark Twain. In this speech Twain spoke out for women's full enfranchisment in the electoral process and predicted that within twenty-five years, they would have the ballot. This proved to be true, the Women's Suffrage Amendment to the Constitution being passed by the United States Congress in 1919 and ratified by all the states in 1920. Less true was his assumption that he would live to see it.
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Bella Abzug Bella Savitsky Abzug (July 24, 1920 – March 31, 1998), nicknamed "Battling Bella", was an American lawyer, U.S. Representative, social activist and a leader of the Women's Movement. In 1971, Abzug joined other leading feminists such as Gloria Steinem, Shirley Chisholm, and Betty Friedan to found the National Women's Political Caucus.
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The Woman's Era The Woman's Era was the first national newspaper published by and for African-American women. It was founded in 1894 by Josephine St. Pierre Ruffin, who served as its editor and publisher until 1897. "The Woman's Era" played an important role in the national African-American women's club movement.
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Birth control movement in the United States The birth control movement in the United States was a social reform campaign from 1914 to around 1945 that aimed to increase the availability of contraception in the U.S. through education and legalization. The movement began in 1914 when a group of political radicals in New York City, led by Emma Goldman, Mary Dennett, and Margaret Sanger, became concerned about the hardships that childbirth and self-induced abortions brought to low-income women. Sanger, in particular, simultaneously sought to connect birth control to the organized eugenics movement, regularly appealing to the authority of eugenic scientists Karl Pearson, Charles Davenport, and others in her "Birth Control Review" from the early 1920s Such figures sought to prevent population segments they deemed genetically 'undesirable' from reproducing. While seeking legitimacy for the birth control movement partly through the approval of organized eugenics, Sanger and other activists also worked on the political front. Since contraception was considered to be obscene at the time, the activists targeted the Comstock laws, which prohibited distribution of any "obscene, lewd, and/or lascivious" materials through the mail. Hoping to provoke a favorable legal decision, Sanger deliberately broke the law by distributing "The Woman Rebel", a newsletter containing a discussion of contraception. In 1916, Sanger opened the first birth control clinic in the United States, but the clinic was immediately shut down by police, and Sanger was sentenced to 30 days in jail.
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List of suffragists and suffragettes This list of suffragists and suffragettes includes noted individuals active in the worldwide women's suffrage movement who have campaigned or strongly advocated for women's suffrage, the organizations which they formed or joined, and the publications which publicized – and, in some nations, continue to publicize – their goals. Suffragists and suffragettes, often members of different groups and societies, used or use differing tactics. For example, "suffragette" in the British usage denotes a more "militant" type of campaigner, and suffragettes in the United States organized such nonviolent events as the Suffrage Hikes, the Woman Suffrage Procession of 1913, and the Silent Sentinels.
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Alpha Suffrage Club The Alpha Suffrage Club is believed to be the first black women's suffrage association in the United States. It began in Chicago, Illinois in 1913 under the initiative of Ida B. Wells-Barnett and her white colleague, Belle Squire. The Club aimed to reinforce African American involvement in the struggle for women's suffrage, due to African American women being unable to be involved in the National American Women Suffrage Association (NAWSA). The Alpha Suffrage Club was established to partially give a voice to women who could not represent their selves individually, and worked specifically towards giving a voice to black women, as well as to “politicize” black women into the government system. In 1916, the club had nearly 200 members, including well-known female suffrage activists Mary E. Jackson, Viola Hill, Vera Wesley Green, and Sadie L. Adams. Within the next three years the group burgeoned into the thousands. The women were motivated by and sought to put an end to the countless lynchings of African Americans.
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Southern Voice (newspaper) Southern Voice (commonly known as SoVo) was a lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender newspaper in Atlanta and the Southeast United States. Launched as an independent publication in 1988, it was later part of Window Media which published several gay-oriented newspapers in the United States. It focused mainly on global and regional political issues concerning LGBT persons. "Southern Voice" was a member of the National Gay Newspaper Guild.
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Hattie Hooker Wilkins Hattie Wilkins (née Hooker) (July 28, 1875 – 1949) was an American progressive era suffragist and women's rights activist who is best known for being the first woman elected to a seat in the Alabama Legislature. She was inducted into the Alabama Women's Hall of Fame in 1997.
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Missouri League of Women Voters The Missouri League of Women Voters was organized at the Golden Jubilee Convention of the National American Woman Suffrage Association in St. Louis, Missouri in March, 1919. Missouri had just passed a bill allowing women to vote, but the Equal Suffrage League was initially not allowed to change its name to reflect the new legislation. Later, the National President of the League of Women Voters, Mrs. Carrie Chapman Catt, called a state convention and allowed the League to change its name. On October 16, 17, and 18, 1919, the Missouri Suffrage Association held a convention and the old League became the Missouri League of Women Voters.
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LPI Media LPI Media (formerly Liberation Publications Inc.) was the largest gay and lesbian publisher in the United States. The company targeted LGBT communities and published such magazines, books, and web sites, with its magazines alone having more than 8.2 million copies distributed each year. "The Advocate" and "Out" magazines were the two largest circulation LGBT magazines in the United States, each with corresponding websites; Advocate.com and OUT.com, respectively.