Vinayak Damodar Savarkar coined which term, which became an official ideology of the Bharatiya Janata Party?
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Vinayak Damodar Savarkar Vinayak Damodar Savarkar (   ) (28 May 1883 – 26 February 1966, commonly known as "Swatantryaveer Savarkar") was an Indian pro-independence activist, lawyer, politician, poet, writer and playwright. He advocated the reconversion of the converted Hindus back to Hindu religion. Savarkar coined the term "Hindutva" (Hinduness) to create a collective "Hindu" identity as an essence of Bharat (India). His political philosophy had the elements of utilitarianism, rationalism and positivism, humanism and universalism, pragmatism and realism. . Savarkar was also an atheist and a staunch rationalist who disapproved of orthodox beliefs in all religions
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Hindutva Hindutva ("Hinduness"), a term popularised by Vinayak Damodar Savarkar in 1923, is the predominant form of Hindu nationalism in India. The Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) adopted it as its official ideology in 1989. It is championed by the Hindu nationalist volunteer organisation Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS) and its affiliate organisations, notably the Vishva Hindu Parishad.
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Karnataka Kranti Ranga Karnataka Kranti Ranga (Karnataka Revolutionary Front), also known as the Kannada Kranti Ranga was a regional political party in Karnataka, India. KKR was formed by Devaraj Urs in 1979, as a split from the Indian National Congress. It subsequently became part of what was called the Congress (Urs) and finally merged with the Janata Party.
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Swaraj Party The Swaraj Party, Swarajaya Party or Swarajya Party or Swarajist Party, established as the Congress-Khilafat Swarajaya Party, was a political party formed in India in January 1923 after the Gaya annual conference in December 1922 of the National Congress, that sought greater self-government and political freedom for the Indian people from the British Raj. It was inspired by the concept of Swaraj. In Hindi and many other languages of India, "swaraj" means "independence" or "self-rule." The two most important leaders were Chittaranjan Das, who was its president and Motilal Nehru, who was its secretary.
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Charvaka Charvaka (IAST: Cārvāka ), originally known as Lokāyata and Bṛhaspatya , is the ancient school of Indian materialism. Charvaka holds direct perception, empiricism, and conditional inference as proper sources of knowledge, embraces philosophical skepticism and rejects Vedas, Vedic ritualism, and supernaturalism.
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Syed Shahnawaz Hussain Syed Shahnawaz Hussain (   ) is an Indian Politician and he is the current Spokesperson of the Bharatiya Janata Party and a former Cabinet Minister.
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Vivek Kumar Vivek Kumar is an Indian sociologist and a public intellectual. At present he is professor of sociology at the Centre for the Study of Social System, School of Social Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi. His areas of interest include methodology of social sciences, sociology of marginalized sections, dependent and independent Dalit political leadership, sociology of Indian diaspora, sociology of South Asia, social movements, globalization and social change. Professor Kumar has coined the terms "Dalit Diaspora", Arohi mobilization, a human distress index for Dalits, and an exclusion index from a sociological point of view. He has analyzed the process and mechanism involved in strengthening the democracy by the ‘Independent Dalit Movements’ in the largest populated state of India i.e. Uttar Pradesh. Kumar has also examined how the Dalit movement has diversified its demands for inclusion in the modern institutions of governance and other spheres of day-to-day life after India became a democracy. Now, Kumar is studying internal differences within the Indian diaspora and its relationship with Indian democracy. He also writes in newspapers and participates in debates on television channels regularly.
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Saffron terror Saffron terror is a neologism used to describe acts of violence motivated by Hindu nationalism. The acts are allegedly perpetrated by members, or alleged members, of Hindu nationalist organizations close to Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS) and Abhinav Bharat.
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Kariya Munda Kariya Munda (born 20 April 1936) is an Indian politician and the former Deputy Speaker of the 15th Lok Sabha. He has been a former minister in the Government of India, in the Governments led by the Janata Party in 1977 and by Bhartiya Janata Party, from 1999 onwards. He was first inducted in the Morarji Desai government in 1977 and given the portfolio of Steel Ministry, in the capacity as the Minister of State. He was a cabinet minister in the ministry headed by Atal Bihari Vajpayee, including the famous stint in the 13 days' government in 1999 and afterwards. He has now been among the senior leaders of Bharatiya Janata Party, rising from the days of the 'Jansangh' and have witnessed many ups and downs in the Indian politics, particularly since the days of emergency.
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P. V. Narasimha Rao Pamulaparti Venkata Narasimha Rao (28 June 1921 – 23 December 2004) was an Indian lawyer and politician who served as the 9th Prime Minister of India, from 1991–1996. His ascendancy to the prime ministership was politically significant in that he was the first holder of this office from a non-Hindi-speaking region, belonging to the southern part of India. He led an important administration, overseeing a major economic transformation and several home incidents affecting national security of India. Rao, who held the Industries portfolio, was personally responsible for the dismantling of the Licence Raj, as this came under the purview of the Ministry of Commerce and Industry. He is often referred to as the ""Father of Indian Economic Reforms"". Future prime ministers Atal Bihari Vajpayee and Manmohan Singh continued the economic reform policies pioneered by Rao's government. Rao accelerated the dismantling of the License Raj, reversing the socialist policies of Rajiv Gandhi's government. He employed Dr. Manmohan Singh as his Finance Minister to embark on historic economic transition. With Rao's mandate, Dr. Manmohan Singh launched India's globalisation angle of the reforms that implemented the International Monetary Fund (IMF) policies to rescue the almost bankrupt nation from economic collapse. Rao was also referred to as "Chanakya" for his ability to steer tough economic and political legislation through the parliament at a time when he headed a minority government.
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Vijnana Bharati Vijnana Bharati (Vijñāna bhāratī) or VIBHA, previously known as Swadeshi Science Movement is a not for profit organisation, working for science popularization & implementation of modern technology & ancient sciences in India. It was started in Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru by a few eminent scientists under the guidance of Prof. K I Vasu. The foundation principle is for the development of Swadeshi Sciences. Vijnana Bharati conducts its activities through 22 independent units functioning in various parts of the country. It is a dynamic Science Movement with Swadeshi Spirit(Swadeshi: of one's own country), interlinking traditional and modern sciences on one hand, and natural and spiritual sciences on the other hand, adapted to national needs.
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Baradari (brotherhood) Barādarī or Birādrī (Urdu: برادری‎ ) means "Brotherhood" originating from the Persian word برادر "Baradar" meaning "Brother". In Pakistan and India it is used to denote a number of social strata among South Asian Muslims (see Caste system among Muslims). According to author Anatol Lieven, "the most important force in [Pakistani] society" are Baradari, usually far stronger than any competing religious, ethnic, or ideological cause. Parties and political alliances in Pakistan are based on Baradari, not ideology.
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Adi Dharam Adi Dharam or ādi dharam ( आदि धरम, আদি ধারাম, આદિ ધરમ, ଆଦି ଧର୍ମ, ఆది ధారణ, ஆடி தரம், ആദി താരം, ಆದಿ ಧರಮ್) (literal meaning the ancient or the root "(Ādi)" religion ("Dharam") ) refers to the tribal religion or the traditional religion or the indigenous religion or the Adivasi (Hindi for original settlers) religion of the indigenous peoples of India. It is an umbrella term used to denote the religion of indigenous peoples of India. The term 'Adi Dharam' was made popular by the tribal scholar and philosopher Ram Dayal Munda when he sought to unite the ancestral beliefs of the all the indigenous people of India
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Vīrya Vīrya (Sanskrit; Pāli: "viriya") is a Buddhist term commonly translated as "energy", "diligence", "enthusiasm", or "effort". It can be defined as an attitude of gladly engaging in wholesome activities, and it functions to cause one to accomplish wholesome or virtuous actions.
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Janata Party (Secular) The Janata Party (Secular) (Hindi: ) was an Indian political party founded by Raj Narain in July, 1979. On 16 July 1979 Charan Singh assumed its leadership and became the Prime Minister of India on 28 July 1979 with the support of the Indian National Congress (O) but resigned on 20 August 1979 after their withdrawal of support. The Janata Party led by Charan Singh was later renamed as Lok Dal before the Indian general election, 1980 but officially contested in the elections under its previous name. In the elections for the 7th Lok Sabha in 1980, the party won 41 seats and received 9.39% of the total votes polled.
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Satyameva Jayate "Satyameva Jayate" (Sanskrit: सत्यमेव जयते "satyam-eva jayate "; lit. "Truth alone triumphs.") is a "mantra" from the ancient Indian scripture "Mundaka Upanishad". Following the independence of India, it was adopted as the national motto of India in May 1949.
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Raj Krishna Raj Krishna was an Indian economist who taught at the Delhi School of Economics. He is most famous for the phrase "Hindu rate of growth" which he coined for India's low rate of GDP growth between the 1950s and 1980s.
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Dravida Nadu Dravida Nadu, also known as Dravidadesa, is the name of a hypothetical "sovereign state" demanded by Justice Party led by E. V. Ramasamy and the Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (DMK) led by C. N. Annadurai for the speakers of the Dravidian languages in South Asia.
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Saffronisation Saffronisation or Saffronization is an Indian political neologism (named after the saffron robes worn by Hindu sannyasis) used by critics and others to refer to the policies of right-wing Hindu nationalists ("Hindutva") that seek to recall and glorify ancient Hindu cultural history (the term "Hindu" in their view encompassing "dharmic" religions including Hinduism and the Sikh, Jain and Buddhist traditions). On the other hand, Murli Manohar Joshi, a leading member of the Bharatiya Janata Party, said "saffronisation" means to go back to the holy traditions of India.
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Official Opposition (India) Official Opposition is a term used in India to designate the political party which has secured the largest number of seats in the Lower House of parliament (Lok Sabha) but is not a part of the ruling party or coalition.
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Chavism Chavism (Spanish: Chavismo ) is a left-wing political ideology based on the ideas, programs and government style associated with the former president of Venezuela, Hugo Chávez. It combines elements of socialism, left-wing populism, patriotism, internationalism, bolivarianism, feminism, green politics, and Caribbean and Latin American integration.
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Satyashodhak Communist Party The Satyashodhak Communist Party (Marathi: सत्यशोधक कम्युनिस्ट पक्ष ) is a political party in the state of Maharashtra, India. The party was founded by Comrade Sharad Patil, who as of 2009 still serves as its General Secretary. The party bases its political philosophy on the thinking of Karl Marx, B. R. Ambedkar and Jyotirao Phule.