Who lived earlier, Ibn Khaldun or Muhammad Baqir Yazdi?
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Muhammad Baqir Yazdi Muhammad Baqir Yazdi was an Iranian mathematician who lived in the 16th century. He gave the pair of amicable numbers 9,363,584 and 9,437,056 many years before Euler's contribution to amicable numbers. He was the last notable Islamic mathematician. His major book is "Oyoun Alhesab" (Arabic:عيون الحساب).
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Ibn Khaldun Ibn Khaldun ( ; Arabic: أبو زيد عبد الرحمن بن محمد بن خلدون الحضرمي‎ ‎ , "Abū Zayd ‘Abd ar-Raḥmān ibn Muḥammad ibn Khaldūn al-Ḥaḍramī" ; 27 May 1332 – 17 March 1406) was a North African Arab historiographer and historian.
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Khuwaylid ibn Asad Khuwaylid ibn Asad (Arabic: خويلد بن أسد‎ ‎ ) was a man of Banu Quraysh and mainly recognised as being the father of Khadijah bint Khuwaylid, the wife of the Islamic prophet Muhammad.
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'Abdallah ibn Muhammad ibn Yazdad al-Marwazi Abu Salih 'Abdallah ibn Muhammad ibn Yazdad al-Marwazi (Arabic: أبو صالح عبد الله بن محمد بن يزداد المروزي‎ ‎ ) (died 875) was a senior Persian official of the Abbasid Caliphate in the mid-9th century. He briefly served as vizier (Arabic: "wazir") during the caliphate of al-Musta'in (r. 862–866).
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Muhammad ibn Ahmad al-Shaybani Muhammad ibn Ahmad al-Shaybani was the semi-autonomous ruler of Diyar Bakr in 898–899, after which he was deposed by the Abbasid Caliphate.
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Nasir bin Murshid Nasir bin Murshid (died 14 April 1649) was the founder of the Yaruba dynasty of Imams of Oman, a member of the Ibadi sect. He ruled from 1624 to 1649. He took power during a chaotic period when the former dynasty had collapsed and the interior of the country was lawless, while the Portuguese held the main coastal ports. In a series of campaigns he established his authority over the Omani tribes and expelled the Portuguese from most of their bases.
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Abu'l-Fadl Bayhaqi Abu’l-Fadl Muḥammad ibn Ḥusayn Bayhaqī (Persian: ابوالفضل محمد بن حسین بیهقی‎ ‎ ; died September 21, 1077), better known as Abu'l-Fadl Bayhaqi (ابوالفضل بیهقی ; also spelled Beyhaqi), was a Persian secretary, historian and author.
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Waqid ibn Abdullah Waqid ibn Abdullah was a companion of Muhammad who participated in the Nakhla Raid during Muhammad's era. He was the first person to kill someone in the name of Islam. While the Quraysh were busy preparing food during the Nakhla Raid, the Muslims attacked. In the short battle that took place, Waqid ibn Abdullah killed Amr ibn Hadrami by shooting an arrow at the leader of the Quraysh caravan. The Muslims captured two Quraysh tribe members. Nawfal ibn Abdullah managed to escape. The Muslims took Uthman ibn Abdullah and al-Hakam ibn Kaysan as captives. Abdullah ibn Jahsh returned to Medina with the booty and with the two prisoners. The followers planned to give one-fifth of the booty to Muhammad.
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Ubayd Allah ibn Yahya ibn Khaqan Abū al-Ḥasan ʿUbayd Allāh ibn Yaḥyā ibn Khāqān was an Abbasid official who served twice as vizier, under caliphs al-Mutawakkil and al-Mu'tamid.
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Banu Ukhaidhir The Banu 'l-Ukhaidhir (Arabic: بنو الأخيضر‎ ‎ ) was a dynasty that ruled in Najd and al-Yamamah (central Arabia) from 867 to at least the mid-eleventh century. An Alid dynasty, they were descendents of Muhammad through his daughter Fatimah and his grandson Al-Hasan, and at least one contemporary traveler describes them as having been Shi'ites of the Zaydi persuasion. Their capital was known as al-Khidhrimah, which lay near the present-day city of Al-Kharj in Saudi Arabia.
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Ibn Khaldun International Institute of Advanced Research Ibn Khaldun International Institute of Advanced Research
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Alauddin Khalji Ala ud-Din Khalji (r. 1296-1316) was the second and the most powerful ruler of the Khalji dynasty of Delhi Sultanate in the Indian subcontinent.
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Ibn al-Akfani Muhammad ibn Ibrāhīm ibn al-Akfani (1286-ca. 1348-49) was an Arab encyclopedist and physician.
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Sheikh Adi ibn Sakhr Shaykh Adī ibn Sakhr or Adi the Yazidi, descendant of Umayyad Caliph Marwan ibn al-Hakam, was son and religious heir of Sakhr Abū l-Barakat and thus head of the "‘Adawiyya Ṣūfī Order". He was executed by the Mongols in 1221 but three of his sons survived to succeed him.
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Ahmed Babikir Ahmed Babikir (أحمد بابكر ), also known as Abu Bakr As-sudani (أبو بكر السوداني ), is a Sudanese-born British Islamic scholar, Imam, murshid and television presenter.
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Ibn Ishaq Muḥammad ibn Isḥāq ibn Yasār ibn Khiyār (] ; according to some sources, ibn Khabbār, or Kūmān, or Kūtān, Arabic: محمد بن إسحاق بن يسار بن خيار‎ ‎ , or simply ibn Isḥaq, ابن إسحاق, meaning "the son of Isaac"; died 767 or 761) was an Arab Muslim historian and hagiographer. Ibn Ishaq collected oral traditions that formed the basis of an important biography of the Islamic prophet Muhammad.
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Ibn Uthal Ibn Uthal or Ibn Athal (Arabic: ابن أثال‎ ‎ ) was an Arab Christian who served as the personal physician of the caliph Mu'awiya I and was regarded as the most distinguished of the medical practitioners of the early Umayyad period. His medical knowledge can be considered a continuation of the tradition that existed in pre-Islamic Arabia. He was skilled in toxicology and was reportedly killed in a revenge attack.
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Hasan ibn Zayd Al-Ḥasan ibn Zayd ibn Muḥammad ibn Ismā‘il ibn al-Ḥasan ibn Zayd (Arabic: الحسن بن زيد بن محمد‎ ‎ ; died 6 January 884), also known as al-Da‘ī al-kabīr (Arabic: داعي الكبير‎ ‎ , "the Great/Elder Missionary"), was an Alid who became the founder of the Zaydid dynasty of Tabaristan.
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Muhammad Ahmad Muhammad Ahmad bin Abd Allah (Arabic: محمد أحمد ابن عبد الله; August 12, 1844 – June 22, 1885) was a religious leader of the Samaniyya order in Sudan who, on June 29, 1881, proclaimed himself the Mahdi, the messianic redeemer of the Islamic faith. His proclamation came during a period of widespread resentment among the Sudanese population towards the oppressive policies of the Turco-Egyptian rulers, and capitalized on the messianic beliefs popular among the various Sudanese religious sects of the time. More broadly, the Mahdiyya, as Muhammad Ahmad's movement was called, was influenced by earlier Mahdist movements in West Africa and other forms of Islamic revivalism that developed in reaction to the growing military and economic dominance of the European powers throughout the 19th century.
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Muhammad Taqi-ud-Din al-Hilali Muhammad Taqi-ud-Din bin Abdil-Qadir Al-Hilali, (1893-1987) was a 20th-century Salafi scholar from Morocco, most notable for his English translations of Sahih Bukhari and, along with Muhammad Muhsin Khan, the Qur'an, entitled The Noble Qur'an.
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Nasir al-Din Muhammad Nasir al-Din Muhammad (d. c. 1318) was the Mihrabanid malik of Sistan from 1261 until his death. He was the son of Mubariz al-Din Abu'l-Fath ibn Mas'ud.
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Muhammad bin Dawud al-Zahiri Abu Bakr Muhammad ibn Dawud al-Zahiri, also known as Abū Bakr Muḥammad ibn Dāwūd al-Iṣbahānī, was a medieval theologian and scholar of the Arabic language and Islamic law. He was one of the early propagators of his father Dawud al-Zahiri's method in jurisprudence, Zahirism.