What war lasted from 1618-1648 and included the Battle of La Marfee?
fcdd31f2fedb63498486faf6edf9473d
Battle of La Marfée The Battle of La Marfée took place during Thirty Years' War near Sedan, France, on 6 July 1641, between a Royal army of Louis XIII under Marshall Gaspard III de Coligny, and French malcontents led by Prince Louis de Bourbon, Count of Soissons, and Duke Frédéric Maurice de La Tour d'Auvergne, duc de Bouillon, who were supported by an Imperial-Spanish army under general Guillaume de Lamboy sent from the Spanish Netherlands by the Cardinal-Infante Ferdinand of Austria. The French malcontents and the Habsburg forces dealt a serious defeat to the French Royal Army, and for a moment, Cardinal Richelieu feared that the rebels, supported by the Spanish forces, would advance on Paris. Shortly after, however, Soissons fell dead, either murdered by an assassin or killed by himself accidentally, and the rebellion vanished.
763deaeeb003629cfc34cf0f623cf777
Thirty Years' War The Thirty Years' War was one of the longest and most destructive conflicts, as well as the deadliest European religious war in history. It took place in Central Europe between 1618 and 1648 and resulted in eight million casualties.
c51f40ba7f6dc401939d80594c3b4f5b
Battle of the Basque Roads The Battle of the Basque Roads, also known as the Battle of Aix Roads (French: "Bataille de l'île d'Aix", also "Affaire des brûlots", rarely "Bataille de la rade des Basques") was a major naval battle of the Napoleonic Wars, fought in the narrow Basque Roads at the mouth of the Charente River on the Biscay coast of France. The battle, which lasted from 11–25 April 1809, was unusual in that it pitted a hastily-assembled squadron of small and unorthodox British Royal Navy warships against the main strength of the French Atlantic Fleet, the circumstances dictated by the cramped, shallow coastal waters in which the battle was fought. The battle is also notorious for its political aftermath in both Britain and France.
b8f66e8b612d715df3640059d8224656
Gaspar de Guzmán, Count-Duke of Olivares Don Gaspar de Guzmán y Pimentel Ribera y Velasco de Tovar, Count of Olivares and Duke of San Lúcar la Mayor, Grandee of Spain (Spanish: "Gaspar de Guzmán y Pimentel, conde-duque de Olivares" , also known as "Conde de Olivares y duque de Sanlúcar la Mayor, Grande de España" ) (January 6, 1587 – July 22, 1645), was a Spanish royal favourite of Philip IV and minister. As prime minister from 1621 to 1643, he over-exerted Spain in foreign affairs and unsuccessfully attempted domestic reform. His policy of committing Spain to recapture Holland led to a renewal of the Eighty Years' War while Spain was also embroiled in the Thirty Years' War (1618–1648). In addition his attempts to centralise power and increase wartime taxation led to revolts in Catalonia and in Portugal, which brought about his downfall.
44366d6cc33d899a1f92e9c23edf376e
Siege of Saint-Omer The Siege of Saint-Omer (May 24 – July 16, 1638) was a siege in the Thirty Years' War in which a French army under Gaspard III de Coligny, Maréchal de Châtillon, laid siege to the Flemish city of Saint-Omer, defended by a small garrison in command of Lancelot II Schetz, count of Grobbendonck. Despite several initial successes in the capture of the minor forts around Saint-Omer, on the night of 8/9 June a Spanish relief army under Thomas Francis, Prince of Carignano surprised Châtillon's troops and established a small fort in the middle of the French lines. An entire army corps under Maréchal de La Force was ordered to move towards Saint-Omer to support Châtillon siege, but on July 12 a further Imperial-Spanish force commanded by Ottavio Piccolomini entered Saint-Omer, resolving the French marshals to withdraw.
de4809a9fc332af855d347d0f607f87d
Palatinate campaign The Palatinate Campaign, or the Spanish conquest of the Palatinate, was a series of sieges, battles and conquests during the Palatinate Phase of the Thirty Years' War, carried out by the Army of Flanders under Don Ambrosio Spinola, and the Imperial-Spanish troops under Johann Tserclaes, Count of Tilly and Don Gonzalo de Córdoba. The Habsburg forces took advantage of Frederick of the Palatinate's predicament by invading the German Protestant Palatinate in 1620 and conquering it by the end of 1622.
e94af768953caf0d6bee7008fc651067
Siege of Jülich (1621–22) The Siege of Jülich was a siege that took place between 5 September 1621 and 3 February 1622, during the Palatinate campaign of the Thirty Years' War. After five months of siege the Spanish army under Ambrosio Spinola took the Dutch-occupied fortress of Jülich, compelling its garrison to surrender.
dab38e597148c67d42ca9f283a80ed20
Siege of Nijmegen (1591) The Siege of Nijmegen was a military engagement during the Eighty Years' War and the Anglo–Spanish War which took place from 17 to 21 October 1591. The Spanish garrison in Nijmegen was besieged by a Dutch and English force under Maurice of Nassau and Francis Vere respectively, which soon surrendered.
7ac46c899e27c78042613c1ec283f3cb
Siege of Ancona Siege of Ancona was a battle in the Neapolitan War. It took place beginning on May 5, 1815 and persisted until May 30, 1815. The battle took place mere days after the Battle of Tolentino on May 3, 1815. The siege of Ancona was one of the last battles in Italy during the Neapolitan War. The city of Ancona was the last major Italian city to surrender. It was fought between Napoleon’s forces in Ancona, Italy and the Anglo-Austrian alliance during the One Hundred Days’ campaign. The Anglo-Austrian alliance eventually defeated Napoleon’s forces, thus helping expel the French from Eastern Italy. It also contributed to the elimination of the Buonaparte monarchy proposed by Murat and led to the establishment of the Papal state.
6fe206042a865e68dfc5adcc1bfe747d
First English Civil War The First English Civil War (1642–1646) began the series of three wars known as the English Civil War (or "Wars"). "The English Civil War" was a series of armed conflicts and political machinations that took place between Parliamentarians and Royalists from 1642 until 1651, and includes the Second English Civil War (1648–1649) and the Third English Civil War (1649–1651).
90e5b916d13be179547ad9b97391270f
Battle of Rocroi The Battle of Rocroi of 19 May 1643 resulted in the victory of a French army under the Duc d'Enghien against the Spanish Army under General Francisco de Melo only five days after the accession of Louis XIV of France to the throne of France, late in the Thirty Years' War. The battle is considered by many to be the turning point of the perceived invincibility of the Spanish tercio.
70e64edd4f1bfdcf979521901064ccee
Naval war on Lake Constance The naval war on Lake Constance (German: "Seekrieg auf dem Bodensee" ) was a series of conflicts that took place on Lake Constance, beginning in 1632, in the context of the Thirty Years' War (1618 to 1648). At that time various powers ruled different parts of the shoreline: in the north and east was Roman Catholic, Habsburg Anterior Austria; in the northwest and west the troops of the Protestant Duchy of Württemberg with their allies from Kingdom of Sweden and Kingdom of France. These various powers sought, for strategic reasons, to exercise their hegemony over the area of Lake Constance. Only the partly Catholic and partly Protestant southern shore which belonged to the Old Swiss Confederacy maintained an uneasy neutrality due to their divided loyalties.
5cac96e637cab233c0dd9c1f4c3dadd6
War of the Sicilian Vespers The War of the Sicilian Vespers or just War of the Vespers was a conflict that started with the insurrection of the Sicilian Vespers against Charles of Anjou in 1282, and ended in 1302 with the peace of Caltabellotta. It was fought in Sicily, Catalonia (the Aragonese Crusade) and elsewhere in the western Mediterranean between, on one side, the Angevin Charles of Anjou, his son Charles II, the kings of France and the Papacy, and on the other side, the kings of Aragon. The war resulted in the division of the old Kingdom of Sicily; at Caltabellotta, Charles II was confirmed as king of the peninsular territories of Sicily (the Kingdom of Naples), while Frederick III was confirmed as king of the island territories (the Kingdom of Trinacria).
524d6a245ae884a33ae5dacacd4373e9
Siege of Montauban The Siege of Montauban (French: Siège de Montauban) was a siege accomplished by the young French king Louis XIII from August to November 1621, against the Protestant stronghold of Montauban. This siege followed the Siege of Saint-Jean-d'Angély, in which Louis XIII had succeeded against Rohan's brother Benjamin de Rohan, duc de Soubise.
ce7a917905424ec452e6e5aa178f35d7
Jacob van Wassenaer Duivenvoorde Jacob van Wassenaer Duivenvoorde, lord of Obdam (1574, Haarlem - 31 August 1623, Heusden), was a famous Dutch naval commander and Lieutenant-Admiral of the United Provinces of the Netherlands during the French Wars of Religion, the Anglo–Spanish War (1585–1604) and the Eighty Years' War.
fe163a362350876509f7d2ab045ccf7e
Deluge (history) The term Deluge (Polish: "pоtор szwedzki" , Lithuanian: "švedų tvanas" ) denotes a series of mid-17th-century campaigns in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. In a wider sense it applies to the period between the Khmelnytsky (Chmielnicki) Uprising of 1648 and the Truce of Andrusovo in 1667, thus comprising the Polish theatres of the Russo-Polish and Second Northern Wars. In a stricter sense, the term refers to the Swedish invasion and occupation of the Commonwealth as a theatre of the Second Northern War (1655–1660) only; In Poland and Lithuania this period is called the Swedish Deluge (Polish: "potop szwedzki" ), and the term deluge (or "potop" in Polish) was popularized by Henryk Sienkiewicz in his novel "The Deluge" (1886).
a8048d6b9ecb1fc4a0c2a366a39ba639
Battle of Nördlingen (1634) The Battle of Nördlingen (German: "Schlacht bei Nördlingen" ; Spanish: "Batalla de Nördlingen" ; Swedish: "Slaget vid Nördlingen" ) was fought in 1634 during the Thirty Years' War, on 27 August (Julian calendar) or 6 September (Gregorian calendar). The Roman Catholic Imperial army, bolstered by 18,000 Spanish and Italian soldiers, won a crushing victory over the combined Protestant armies of Sweden and their German-Protestant allies (Heilbronn Alliance).
694ed62e972d6de63bfe26adc9616176
Battle of Blaye The Battle of Blaye of 1593, also known as the Battle of Bec d'Ambès (in French) or Battle of the Gironde Estuary, was a naval Spanish victory that took place on 18 April 1593 off Blaye and Bec d'Ambès, Gironde Estuary, France, during the seven-month siege of Blaye between the French-Protestant forces of Henry of Navarre and the French-Catholic garrison of the city led by Governor Jean-Paul d'Esparbès de Lussan d'Aubeterre, in the context of the French Wars of Religion and the Anglo-Spanish War (1585–1604).
5f6a8ec79160e4f2df3aafd6b388a6df
William II de La Marck William II de la Marck (Lummen, 1542 – Bishopric of Liège, 1 May 1578) (Dutch: "Willem II van der Marck") was Lord of Lumey and initially admiral of the Watergeuzen, the so-called 'sea beggars' who fought in the Eighty Years' War (1568–1648), together with among others William the Silent, Prince of Orange-Nassau. He was the great-grandson of an equally notorious character, baron William de la Marck, nicknamed the "wild boar of the Ardennes".
058997bbe96bdcb347a71e4d1c7990f5
French Wars of Religion The French Wars of Religion, or Huguenot Wars of the 16th century, are names for a period of civil infighting, military operations and religious war primarily fought between Roman Catholics and Huguenots (Reformed Protestants) in the Kingdom of France. The conflict involved several independent principalities: the Duchy of Lorraine, the Duchy of Savoy, the Kingdom of Navarre, and parts of Burgundy which have since been incorporated into France. And it occasionally spilled beyond the French region, for instance in the war with Spain, from 1595-1598, into northern Italy, some of the German states of the Holy Roman Empire, and the Duchy of Burgundy possessions in the Low Countries.
7c4fc40f28f0b65cd3376f15404dc0d1
Battle of Preston (1648) The Battle of Preston (17–19 August 1648), fought largely at Walton-le-Dale near Preston in Lancashire, resulted in a victory for the New Model Army under the command of Oliver Cromwell over the Royalists and Scots commanded by the Duke of Hamilton. The Parliamentarian victory presaged the end of the Second English Civil War.
8772bd80f9f23c36f01dad93497bb825
Battle of Tornavento The Battle of Tornavento was a battle fought in Italy on June 22, 1636 during the Thirty Years' War.