When did the person who ruled over Per Stålhammar have rule?
2b381a8b04e8bbba0da3f00a1af4c20d
Per Stålhammar Per Stålhammar (born Per Jönsson; c. 1612 – January 8, 1701) was a Swedish military officer and soldier under the rule of Gustavus Adolphus, Christina, Charles X, and Charles XI. Stålhammar was born in Angved in Svenarum Parish, Småland, Sweden as Per Jönsson. He grew up on a small farm which his father, Jöns Gudmundsson (died c. 1629), leased from the crown. Stålhammar's mother was Karin Pedersdotter.
c591efe3dc6df8f975898e9ffb901c92
Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden Gustav II Adolf (9 December 1594 – 6 November 1632, O.S.), widely known in English by his Latinised name Gustavus Adolphus or as Gustav II Adolph, was the King of Sweden from 1611 to 1632 and is credited as the founder of Sweden as a Great Power (Swedish: "Stormaktstiden" ). He led Sweden to military supremacy during the Thirty Years' War, helping to determine the political as well as the religious balance of power in Europe. He was formally and posthumously given the name Gustavus Adolphus the Great (Swedish: "Gustav Adolf den store" , Latin: "Gustavus Adolphus Magnus" ) by the Riksdag of the Estates in 1634.
c298545ff546565e2960978fd7d9a5b0
Lord High Constable of Sweden The Lord High Constable (Swedish: "Riksmarsk" or only "Marsk") was a prominent and influential office in Sweden, from the 13th century until 1676, excluding periods when the office was out of use. The office holder was a member of the Swedish Privy Council and, from 1630 and on, the head of the Swedish Council of War. From 1634, the Lord High Constable was one of five Great Officers of the Realm.
fa7452ff7631720194d4f150858e3df1
Governor-General of Finland Governor-General of Finland (Finnish: "Suomen kenraalikuvernööri" Swedish: "Generalguvernör över Finland" Russian: Генерал-губернатор Финляндии ); was the military commander and the highest administrator of Finland sporadically under Swedish rule in the 17th and 18th centuries and continuously in the autonomous Grand Duchy of Finland between 1809 and 1917.
f5081b2c8e097d7a114832e5a50e88a8
Olaf II of Norway Olaf II Haraldsson (995 – 29 July 1030), later known as St. Olaf (and traditionally as St. Olave), was King of Norway from 1015 to 1028. He was posthumously given the title "Rex Perpetuus Norvegiae" (English: Eternal/Perpetual King of Norway ) and canonised at Nidaros in (Trondheim) by Bishop Grimkell, one year after his death in the Battle of Stiklestad on 29 July 1030. His remains were enshrined in Nidaros Cathedral, built over his burial site. His sainthood encouraged the widespread adoption of the Christian religion.
9aafab06dfa84675557281bafb4b8c6f
Charles XII of Sweden Charles XII, also Carl (Swedish: "Karl XII" ; 17 June 1682 – 30 November 1718 O.S.), Latinized to "Carolus Rex", was the King of Sweden from 1697 to 1718. He belonged to the House of Palatinate-Zweibrücken, a branch line of the House of Wittelsbach. Charles was the only surviving son of Charles XI and Ulrika Eleonora the Elder. He assumed power, after a seven-month caretaker government, at the age of fifteen.
937188b1515118436b3a21398de76536
Petronilla of Aragon Petronilla (29 June/11 August 1136 – 15 October 1173), whose name is also spelled Petronila or Petronella (Aragonese "Peyronela" or "Payronella", and Catalan: "Peronella" ), was the Queen of Aragon from the abdication of her father in 1137 until her own abdication in 1164. She was the daughter and successor of Ramiro II by his queen, Agnes. She was the last ruling member of the Jiménez dynasty in Aragon, and by marriage brought the throne to the House of Barcelona.
94173fa4192f2192064664132a0d091a
Olaus Petri Olof Persson, sometimes Petersson (January 6, 1493 – April 19, 1552), better known under the Latin form of his name, Olaus Petri (or less commonly, Olavus Petri), was a clergyman, writer, judge and major contributor to the Protestant Reformation in Sweden. His brother, Laurentius Petri (Lars Persson), became the first Evangelical Lutheran Archbishop of Sweden.
d2214496c124c4ddae47e6671ccc03dd
Stockholm during the Great Power Era Stockholm during the Swedish Era of Great Power (1611-1718) is the period in the history of Stockholm when the city grew sixfold, many of its present streets were created, and its economy boomed.
b62c5717021c93122bda872664ed2a66
History of Denmark The history of Denmark as a unified kingdom began in the 8th century, but historic documents describe the geographic area and the people living there—the Danes—as early as 500 AD. These early documents include the writings of Jordanes and Procopius. With the Christianization of the Danes c. 960 AD, it is clear that there existed a kingship in Scandinavia, controlling the current Danish territory roughly speaking. Queen Margrethe II can trace her lineage back to the Viking kings Gorm the Old and Harald Bluetooth from this time, thus making the Monarchy of Denmark the oldest in Europe. The area now known as Denmark has a rich prehistory, having been populated by several prehistoric cultures and people for about 12,000 years, since the end of the last ice age.
0543b5f0c5ce901c14cfebfc249b65ae
Margaret Sambiria Margaret Sambiria, in Danish: "Margrethe Sambiria" or "Sambirsdatter," (1230?–1282) was the Queen consort of Christopher I of Denmark, and acted as regent for Eric V of Denmark. In Danish she is also known as queen "Margrethe Sprænghest".
c029d0fe5fdf3f9c86a5b22ee78d600d
Sweyn Forkbeard Sweyn Forkbeard (Old Norse: "Sveinn Haraldsson tjúguskegg"; Danish: "Svend Tveskæg"; 960 – 3 February 1014) was king of Denmark during 986–1014.
cf19bd27b5520bd7a4905188a0d7e54f
Grand Duke of Finland Grand Duke of Finland or the Grand Prince of Finland (Finnish: "Suomen suuriruhtinas" , Swedish: "Storfurste av Finland" ), was from around 1580 to 1809 a title in use by most Swedish monarchs. Between 1809 and 1917, it was the official title of the head of the autonomous Grand Duchy of Finland, who was the Emperor of Russia. The anachronistic female form of the title in English is usually "Grand Princess of Finland" (Swedish: "Storfurstinna av Finland" , Finnish: "Suomen suuriruhtinatar" ). The only women to have used the title were the Swedish Queens regnant Christina and Ulrika Eleonora. A few crown princes of Sweden also were called "Grand Prince of Finland".
e9872677d50dc8e3ec42002886b3e5ab
Eric XIV of Sweden Eric XIV (Swedish: "Erik XIV" ; 13 December 1533 – 26 February 1577) was King of Sweden from 1560 until he was deposed in 1568. Eric XIV was the eldest son of Gustav I (1496–1560) and Catherine of Saxe-Lauenburg (1513–35). He was also ruler of Estonia, after its conquest by Sweden in 1561.
ba3652159ac2892ec172650eaed0f164
Haakon Paulsson Haakon Paulsson (Old Norse: Hákon Pálsson) was a Norwegian Jarl (1105–1123) and jointly ruled the Earldom of Orkney with his cousin Magnus Erlendsson.
b034ad93341121b64661166a9410b22a
John III of Sweden John III (Swedish: "Johan III" , Finnish: "Juhana III" ) (20 December 1537 – 17 November 1592) was King of Sweden from 1568 until his death. He was the son of King Gustav I of Sweden and his second wife Margaret Leijonhufvud. He was also, quite autonomously, the ruler of Finland, as "Duke John" from 1556 to 1563. In 1581 he assumed also the title Grand Prince of Finland. He attained the Swedish throne after a rebellion against his brother Eric XIV. He is mainly remembered for his attempts to close the gap between the newly established Lutheran Church of Sweden and the Catholic church.
a35208e74f7eaf82bc3c474eecf493ee
Over-Governor of Stockholm The Over-Governor in Stockholm (Swedish: "Överståthållaren" ) was the head of the Over-Governorship (Swedish: "Överståthållarämbetet" ), and as such he was the highest Swedish state official overseeing the affairs in the City of Stockholm between 1634 and 1967. The Over-Governor was the equivalent in Stockholm of a county governor elsewhere in Sweden.
62f61a25e9b1c1533b51f75a5e719c7f
Rule of the Dukes The Rule of the Dukes was an interregnum in the Lombard Kingdom of Italy (574/5–584/5) during which Italy was ruled by the Lombard dukes of the old Roman provinces and urban centres. The interregnum is said to have lasted ten years according to Paul the Deacon, but all other sources—the "Fredegarii Chronicon", the "Origo Gentis Langobardorum", the "Chronicon Gothanum", and the Copenhagen continuator of Prosper Tiro—accord it twelve. Here is how Paul describes the dukes' rule:
418de7b5acac891940699806c4a8c7ed
Lord High Chancellor of Sweden The Lord High Chancellor (Swedish: "Rikskansler" ), literally "Chancellor of the Realm", was a prominent and influential office in Sweden, from 1538 until 1799, excluding periods when the office was out of use. The office holder was a member of the Privy Council. From 1634, the Lord High Chancellor was one of five Great Officers of the Realm, who were the most prominent members of the Privy Council and headed a governmental branch each—the Lord High Chancellor headed the Privy Council. In 1792, more than a century after the office's abolishment in 1680, it was revived but was then finally abolished seven years later in 1799.
11c4697d2d73273e640cc825262c1d87
Estonia under Swedish rule Estonia under Swedish rule signifies the time between 1558 and 1710, when parts of present-day Estonia (and after 1645 all of the present-day country) were under Swedish rule. In the wake of the breakup of the State of the Teutonic Order, the Baltic German local aristocracy in the areas of Harrien (Harjumaa) and Wierland (Virumaa), as well as the city of Reval (Tallinn) in June 1561 (and somewhat later Jerwen (Järvamaa)) asked for and were granted protection by the Swedish king Eric XIV, leading to Swedish involvement in the Livonian War. At the conclusion of hostilities in 1583, Sweden was in control of the northern parts of modern Estonia and Hiiumaa island; this territory was created the Duchy of Estonia. Following renewed wars between Poland and Sweden, the southern parts of present-day Estonia (then Livonia) were incorporated into Sweden by the Treaty of Altmark in 1629. In 1645, Sweden also conquered the island of Ösel (Saaremaa) from Denmark, and were thus in control of all of present-day Estonia.
ceef33c141352a5ab5395d628a7ad7cb
Margaret I of Denmark Margaret I (Danish: "Margrete Valdemarsdatter" , Norwegian: "Margrete Valdemarsdatter" , Swedish: "Margareta Valdemarsdotter" , Icelandic: "Margrét Valdimarsdóttir" ; 1353 – 28 October 1412), was queen consort of Norway 1363-1380 and Sweden 1363-1364, and later ruler in her own right of Denmark, Norway and Sweden, from which later period there are ambiguities regarding her specific titles. She was the founder of the Kalmar Union, which spanned Scandinavia for over a century. Margaret was known as a wise, energetic and capable leader, earning the nickname "Semiramis of the North", or "the Lady King". Though the latter was a derisive nickname invented by her rival Albert of Mecklenburg, it became widely used in recognition of her capabilities.
e0804381c2970d30e33428aca4e8c42a
Llywelyn the Great Llywelyn the Great (Welsh: "Llywelyn Fawr" , ] ), full name Llywelyn ap Iorwerth, (c. 117211 April 1240) was a Prince of Gwynedd in north Wales and eventually "de facto" ruler over most of Wales. By a combination of war and diplomacy he dominated Wales for 45 years.