The work of philosophy and social criticism known as the "Dialectic of Enlightenment" was written, in part, by Theodor W. Adorno, a philosopher, sociologist, and composer know for for his critical theory of what?
43678b96e8de70d83a1685bac114bfd1
Dialectic of Enlightenment Dialectic of Enlightenment (German: "Dialektik der Aufklärung" ) is a work of philosophy and social criticism written by Frankfurt School philosophers Max Horkheimer and Theodor W. Adorno and first published in 1944. A revised version appeared in 1947.
5793ceebf37ec7bcbde277668fa5fdcd
Theodor W. Adorno Theodor W. Adorno ( ; ] ; born Theodor Ludwig Wiesengrund; September 11, 1903 – August 6, 1969) was a German philosopher, sociologist, and composer known for his critical theory of society.
4f611a9877df78a1f443a400a04122e4
Relations of production Relations of production (German: "Produktionsverhältnisse") is a concept frequently used by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels in their theory of historical materialism and in "Das Kapital". It is first explicitly used in Marx's published book "The Poverty of Philosophy", although Marx and Engels had already defined the term in "The German Ideology".
65042cdae5dc96a975eb64ba687d282d
Critical Practice (art) Critical Practice is a discipline of art that places an equal emphasis on theory and practice, adopting an invigorated methodology that considers and interrogates the processes of art making, its changing contexts and the ways in which it engages an audience . In addition to the various forces that are implicated in the making of art, the research elements pursued under the auspices of Critical Practice engage the increasingly devolved experience of art, made available through art institutions to their audiences.
9608a4b69c9bdc4a74b248197aa9b387
Éric Weil Éric Weil (/veɪl/; French: [vɛjl]; 4 June 1904 - 1 February 1977) was a French-German philosopher noted for the development of a theory that places the effort to understand violence at the center of philosophy. Calling himself a post-Hegelian Kantian, Weil was a key figure in the 20th century reception of Hegel in France, as well as the renewed interest in Kant in that country that has continued to this day. The author of major original works, critical studies, and numerous essays in French his adopted language, as well as German and English, Weil was both an active academic as well as public intellectual. Involved in various fecund moments of French intellectual life, Weil was, for example, a participant in the famous lectures given by Alexandre Kojève on Hegel’s "Phenomenology of Spirit", and would go on to play an instrumental role at the journal "Critique" during its start and then serve as one of its editors for a number of years. An influential teacher, his students, such as Bourdieu, have noted Weil’s formative role in their intellectual development. This influence was also at the origin of the creation of the "Institut Éric Weil", a foundation and research library created by a group of his former students after his death.
c3b980beb9ebba89829fb4b305a95e1d
Paul de Man Paul de Man (December 6, 1919 – December 21, 1983), born Paul Adolph Michel Deman, was a Belgian-born literary critic and literary theorist. At the time of his death, de Man was one of the most prominent literary critics in the United States—known particularly for his importation of German and French philosophical approaches into Anglo-American literary studies and critical theory. Along with Jacques Derrida, he was part of an influential critical movement that went beyond traditional interpretation of literary texts to reflect on the epistemological difficulties inherent in any textual, literary, or critical activity. This approach aroused considerable opposition, which de Man attributed to "resistance" inherent in the difficult enterprise of literary interpretation itself.
a8cf776894707872c206dc58ed005fea
Progressivism Progressivism is the support for or advocacy of social reform. As a philosophy, it is based on the Idea of Progress, which asserts that advancements in science, technology, economic development, and social organization are vital to the improvement of the human condition. Progressivism became highly significant during the Age of Enlightenment in Europe, out of the belief that Europe was demonstrating that societies could progress in civility from uncivilized conditions to civilization through strengthening the basis of empirical knowledge as the foundation of society. Figures of the Enlightenment believed that progress had universal application to all societies and that these ideas would spread across the world from Europe. The meanings of progressivism have varied over time and from different perspectives. The contemporary common political conception of progressivism in the culture of the Western world emerged from the vast social changes brought about by industrialization in the Western world in the late 19th century, particularly out of the view that progress was being stifled by vast economic inequality between the rich and the poor; minimally regulated "laissez-faire" capitalism with monopolistic corporations; and intense and often violent conflict between workers and capitalists, thus claiming that measures were needed to address these problems.
8e0e9337883b0bc486a970f35a2688bb
Ethnomethodology Ethnomethodology is the study of methods people use for understanding and producing the social order in which they live. It generally seeks to provide an alternative to mainstream sociological approaches. In its most radical form, it poses a challenge to the social sciences as a whole. On the other hand, its early investigations led to the founding of conversation analysis, which has found its own place as an accepted discipline within the academy. According to Psathas, it is possible to distinguish five major approaches within the ethnomethodological family of disciplines.
019fb0dbe7e9d53e35242ab11c8d6adc
Dialectical materialism Dialectical materialism (sometimes abbreviated diamat) is a philosophy of science and nature, based on the writings of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, and developed in Europe.
03f6aca081b85334faf97a868eed8bc0
The Communist Manifesto The Communist Manifesto (originally Manifesto of the Communist Party) is an 1848 political pamphlet by German philosophers Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels. Commissioned by the Communist League and originally published in London (in German as "Manifest der Kommunistischen Partei") just as the revolutions of 1848 began to erupt, the "Manifesto" was later recognised as one of the world's most influential political documents. It presents an analytical approach to the class struggle (historical and then-present) and the problems of capitalism and the capitalist mode of production, rather than a prediction of communism's potential future forms.
ba779540f1a701313031b704567b857d
End of history The end of history is a political and philosophical concept that supposes that a particular political, economic, or social system may develop that would constitute the end-point of humanity's sociocultural evolution and the final form of human government. A variety of authors have argued that a particular system is the "end of history" including Thomas More in "Utopia", Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel, Karl Marx, Vladimir Solovyov, Alexandre Kojève and Francis Fukuyama in the 1992 book, "The End of History and the Last Man".
e10dc2e4eca915fde968e2fe2aa17470
Critique Critique is a method of disciplined, systematic study of a written or oral discourse. Although critique is commonly understood as fault finding and negative judgment, it can also involve merit recognition, and in the philosophical tradition it also means a methodical practice of doubt. The contemporary sense of critique has been largely influenced by the Enlightenment critique of prejudice and authority, which championed the emancipation and autonomy from religious and political authorities.
c8aaf56604f9d6c392b1ebd5940484d6
Fritz Medicus Fritz Medicus (April 23, 1876-January 13, 1956) was a German-Swiss philosopher. He was awarded his doctorate while studying in Jena, with the publication of his dissertation, "Kant's transcendental aesthetics and non-euclidian geometry". He was the Chair of Philosophy at the Martin Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg, and moved to ETH Zurich in 1911. Medicus wrote in the tradition of German idealism.
7ab5548df52e7792b917d3fd736fff54
Information criticism Information criticism (critique of Information or informationcritique) is by Lash (2002) understood as a transformation of critical theory to contend that today there is no longer any transcendental, objective, or privileged position from which critique or social
ffb616eedb7285da28e834f24b83c719
Erich Fromm Erich Seligmann Fromm (] ; March 23, 1900 – March 18, 1980) was a German social psychologist, psychoanalyst, sociologist, humanistic philosopher, and democratic socialist. He was one of Founders of The William Allison White Institute of Psychiatry, Psychoanalysis and Psychology in New York City and was associated with the Frankfurt School of critical theory.
6453958a89793420ec59dc40064bdc10
Atomism (social) Atomism or social atomism is a sociological theory arising from the scientific notion "atomic theory", coined by the ancient Greek philosopher Democritus and the Roman philosopher Lucretius. In the scientific rendering of the word, atomism refers to the notion that all matter in the universe is composed of basic indivisible components, or atoms. When placed into the field of sociology, atomism assigns the individual as the basic unit of analysis for all implications of social life. This theory refers to "the tendecy for society to be made up of a collection of self-interested and largely self-sufficient individuals, operating as separate atoms". Therefore, all social values, institutions, developments and procedures evolve entirely out of the interests and actions of the individuals who inhabit any particular society. The individual is the ‘atom’ of society and therefore the only true object of concern and analysis.
c2ac6ffdae94bcb3c319ed919c3d0b10
Black existentialism Black existentialism or Africana critical theory is a school of thought that "critiques domination and affirms the empowerment of Black people in the world". Although it shares a word with existentialism and that philosophy's concerns with existence and meaning in life, it "is predicated on the liberation of all black people in the world from oppression". It may also be seen as method, which allows one to read works by African-American writers such as W. E. B. Du Bois, James Baldwin, and Ralph Ellison in an existentialist frame. Lewis Gordon argues that black existentialism is not only existential philosophy produced by black philosophers but is also thought that addresses the intersection of problems of existence in black contexts.
d3fb052daa94e38d9be6bedb4d7f3ad3
Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel ( ; ] ; August 27, 1770 – November 14, 1831) was a German philosopher and an important figure of German idealism. He achieved wide renown in his day and, while primarily influential within the continental tradition of philosophy, has become increasingly influential in the analytic tradition as well. Although Hegel remains a divisive figure, his canonical stature within Western philosophy is universally recognized.
68a7b9e2d2b5eac68ae485404e234bbc
The Rejection and the Meaning of the World The Rejection and the Meaning of the World, known also as World Rejection and Theodicy (German: "Stufen und Richtungen der religiösen Weltablehnung" ), is a 1916 book written by Maximilian Weber, a German economist and sociologist. The original edition was published in German as an essay in the 1916 issues of the "Archiv für Sozialwissenschaft und Sozialforschung", and various translations to English exist.
385ffe898a78bfc0c8254fd73db99597
The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism (German: "Die protestantische Ethik und der Geist des Kapitalismus" ) is a book written by Max Weber, a German sociologist, economist, and politician. Begun as a series of essays, the original German text was composed in 1904 and 1905, and was translated into English for the first time by American sociologist Talcott Parsons in 1930. It is considered a founding text in economic sociology and sociology in general.
c40c4110400f6f56836aaf95cde2bf7e
Foucault–Habermas debate The Foucault–Habermas debate is a dispute concerning whether Michel Foucault's ideas of "power analytics" and "genealogy" or Jürgen Habermas's ideas of "communicative rationality" and "discourse ethics" provide a better critique of the nature of "power" within society. The debate compares and evaluates the central ideas of Habermas and Foucault as they pertain to questions of power, reason, ethics, modernity, democracy, civil society, and social action.
d6fc0242aad2c7a3c9790114d029273d
Philosophy of music Philosophy of music is the study of "...fundamental questions about the nature of music and our experience of it". The philosophical study of music has many connections with philosophical questions in metaphysics and aesthetics.