Where did Richard Lindzen work when he proposed the Iris hypothesis?
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Iris hypothesis The iris hypothesis is a hypothesis proposed by Richard Lindzen et al. in 2001 that suggested increased sea surface temperature in the tropics would result in reduced cirrus clouds and thus more infrared radiation leakage from Earth's atmosphere. His study of observed changes in cloud coverage and modeled effects on infrared radiation released to space as a result supported the hypothesis. This suggested infrared radiation leakage was hypothesized to be a negative feedback in which an initial warming would result in an overall cooling of the surface. The consensus view is that increased sea surface temperature would result in increased cirrus clouds and reduced infrared radiation leakage and therefore a positive feedback.
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Richard Lindzen Richard Siegmund Lindzen (born February 8, 1940) is an American atmospheric physicist known for his work in the dynamics of the middle atmosphere, atmospheric tides, and ozone photochemistry. He has published more than 200 scientific papers and books. From 1983 until his retirement in 2013, he was Alfred P. Sloan Professor of Meteorology at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He was a lead author of Chapter 7, "Physical Climate Processes and Feedbacks," of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's Third Assessment Report on climate change. He has criticized the scientific consensus about climate change and what he has called "climate alarmism."
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Lee Giles Clyde Lee Giles is an American computer scientist and the David Reese Professor and previously Interim Associate Dean of Research at the College of Information Sciences and Technology at the Pennsylvania State University. He is also a Graduate Faculty Professor of Computer Science and Engineering, Courtesy Professor of Supply Chain and Information Systems, and Director of the Intelligent Systems Research Laboratory. His graduate degrees are from the University of Michigan and the University of Arizona and his undergraduate degrees are from Rhodes College and the University of Tennessee. His PhD is in optical sciences with advisor Harrison H. Barrett. His academic genealogy includes two Nobel laureates (Felix Bloch and Werner Heisenberg) and prominent mathematicians.
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Netherlands Institute for Art History The Netherlands Institute for Art History or RKD (Dutch: RKD-Nederlands Instituut voor Kunstgeschiedenis) is located in The Hague and is home to the largest art history center in the world. The center specializes in documentation, archives, and books on Western art from the late Middle Ages until modern times. All of this is open to the public, and much of it has been digitized and is available on their website. The main goal of the bureau is to collect, categorize, and make art research available, most notably in the field of Dutch Masters.
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Mark G. Raizen Mark George Raizen is a physicist who conducts experiments on quantum optics and atom optics.
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Neural Darwinism Neural Darwinism, a large scale theory of brain function by Gerald Edelman, was initially published in 1978, in a book called "The Mindful Brain" (MIT Press). It was extended and published in the 1987 book "Neural Darwinism – The Theory of Neuronal Group Selection".
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Institute of Higher International Studies The Institute of Higher International Studies (French: "Institut des Hautes Études Internationales", commonly referred to as "IHEI") is a public institution of research and higher education in Paris, France. It was founded in 1921 by Paul Fauchille and Albert de Lapradelle. It is now affiliated to Panthéon-Assas University.
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Steffen Lauritzen Steffen Lauritzen FRS (born 22 April 1947) is former Head of the Department of Statistics at the University of Oxford and Fellow of Jesus College, Oxford, and currently Professor of Statistics at the University of Copenhagen. He is a leading proponent of mathematical statistics and graphical models.
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Insurance Regulatory Information System The Insurance Regulatory Information System (IRIS) is a database of Insurance companies in the United States run by the National Association of Insurance Commissioners. IRIS is designed to provide information about insurers' financial solvency.
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Emanuel Mendel Emanuel Mendel (October 28, 1839 – June 23, 1907) was a German neurologist and psychiatrist who was a university professor (from 1884 an associate professor) and director of a polyclinic in Berlin. He was born in Bunzlau, Lower Silesia; (today known as Bolesławiec, Poland).
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Richard Shine Richard Shine AM FAA (born 7 June 1950) is an Australian evolutionary biologist and ecologist; he has conducted extensive research on reptiles and amphibians, and proposed a novel mechanism for evolutionary change. He is currently a Professor of Biology at the University of Sydney, and a Laureate Fellow of the Australian Research Council.
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IBM Israel IBM is a globally integrated enterprise operating in 170 countries. IBM's R&D history in Israel began in 1972 when Professor Josef Raviv established the IBM Israel Scientific Center in the Technion's Computer Science Building in Haifa. Today, over 1000 individuals work at IBM R&D locations across Israel, including Haifa, Tel Aviv, Herzliya, Rehovot, and the Jerusalem Technology Park. IBM research and development activities in Israel include a number of labs.
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MIT Lincoln Laboratory The MIT Lincoln Laboratory, located in Lexington, Massachusetts, is a United States Department of Defense research and development center chartered to apply advanced technology to problems of national security, the Laboratory provides a technical base for military electronics ranging from radars to reentry physics. Research and development activities focus on long-term technology development as well as rapid system prototyping and demonstration. These efforts are aligned within key mission areas. The laboratory works with industry to transition new concepts and technology for system development and deployment. The laboratory also maintains several field sites around the world.
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Allan C. Spradling Allan C. Spradling is an American scientist and principal investigator at the Carnegie Institution for Science and the Howard Hughes Medical Institute who studies egg development in the model organism, "Drosophila melanogaster", a fruit fly. He is considered a leading researcher in the developmental genetics of the fruit fly egg and has developed a number of techniques in his career that have led to greater understanding of fruit fly genetics including contributions to sequencing its genome. He is also an adjunct professor at Johns Hopkins University and at the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine.
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Daniel I. Linzer Daniel I. H. Linzer (born 1954) is an American molecular biologist and academic administrator. Linzer was named provost of Northwestern University on September 1, 2007 having previously served as Dean (2002–2007) and Associate Dean (1998–2002) of Northwestern's largest constituent school, the Weinberg College of Arts and Sciences.
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Iris Theatre Iris Theatre is a professional theatre company created in 2007 by Dr. Daniel Winder to produce work at the world-famous St. Paul's Church, Covent Garden. Its first show was T. S. Eliot's Murder in the Cathedral which was attended by the then Archbishop of Canterbury, The Right Rev'd & Right Hon. Lord Rowan Williams, who went on to be a patron of the company.
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Carnegie Institution for Science The Carnegie Institution of Washington (the organization's legal name), known also for public purposes as the Carnegie Institution for Science (CIS), is an organization in the United States established to fund and perform scientific research. The institution is headquartered in Washington, D.C.
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MIT Museum The MIT Museum, founded in 1971 is located at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in Cambridge, Massachusetts. It hosts collections of holography, technology-related artworks, artificial intelligence, robotics, maritime history, and the history of MIT. Its holography collection of 1800 pieces is the largest in the world, though not all of it is exhibited. , works of high-speed photographer Harold Edgerton and kinetic artist Arthur Ganson are the two largest long-running displays. There is a regular program of temporary special exhibitions, often on the intersections of art and technology.
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Adelbert Ames Jr. Adelbert Ames Jr. (August 19, 1880 – July 3, 1955) was an American scientist who made contributions to physics, physiology, ophthalmology, psychology, and philosophy. He pioneered the study of physiological optics at Dartmouth College, serving as a research professor, then as director of research at the Dartmouth Eye Institute. He conducted important research into aspects of binocular vision, including cyclophoria and aniseikonia. Ames is perhaps best known for constructing illusions of visual perception, most notably the Ames room and the Ames window. He was a leading light in the Transactionalist School of psychology and also made contributions to social psychology.
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Linnean Society of New South Wales The Linnean Society of New South Wales promotes "the Cultivation and Study of the Science of Natural History in all its Branches" and was founded in Sydney, New South Wales (Australia) in 1874 and incorporated in 1884. It succeeded the "Entomological Society of New South Wales", founded in 1862 and folded in 1872, with James Charles Cox as its first president. The first issue of "Proceedings" was in 1875.
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Iris Runge Iris Anna Runge (1 June 1888 – 27 January 1966) was a German applied mathematician and physicist.
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Miodrag Radulovacki Miodrag (Misha) Radulovacki, MD, PhD (Serbian Cyrillic: Миодраг Радуловачки; Serbian Latin: Miodrag Radulovački), was an American scientist and inventor of Serbian descent. He was Professor of Pharmacology in the College of Medicine at the University of Illinois at Chicago (UIC), Dr. Radulovacki's significant research accomplishments include: (1) the Adenosine Sleep Theory, and (2) pioneering pharmacological studies for the treatment of sleep apnea, accomplished together with his longtime research collaborator, David W. Carley, (Professor of Medicine at the UIC). Drs. Radulovacki and Carley invented several drug therapies for the treatment of sleep apnea which have been patented by the UIC. As a result, the UIC recognized them as the 2010 "Inventors of the Year." During his long academic career at the UIC, Dr. Radulovacki published more than 170 scientific papers. Dr. Radulovacki was also a long-time Foreign Member of the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts.