Kresy was composed of several voivodeships, and when the Second Polish Republic lost Wilno, which present-day city did it contain?
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Kresy Kresy Wschodnie or Kresy (] , Eastern Borderlands, or Borderlands) was a region of the Second Polish Republic during the interwar period constituting nearly half of the territory of the state; where the ethnic Poles, being the largest group, were roughly equal in their number to the size of the national minorities (with notable exceptions). Administratively, the territory of Kresy was composed of voivodeships of Lwów, Nowogródek, Polesie, Stanisławów, Tarnopol, Wilno, Wołyń, and the Białystok. Today, these territories are divided between Western Ukraine, Western Belarus, and south-eastern Lithuania, with such major cities as Lviv, Vilnius, and Grodno no longer in Poland. In the Second Polish Republic the term "Kresy" roughly equated with the lands beyond the so-called Curzon Line, which was suggested after World War I in December 1919 by the British Foreign Office as the eastern border of the re-emerging sovereign Republic following the century of partitions. In September 1939, after the Soviet Union joined Nazi Germany in their attack on Poland in accordance with the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact, the territories were incorporated into Soviet Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania in the atmosphere of terror.
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Wilno Voivodeship (1926–1939) The Wilno Voivodeship (Polish: "województwo wileńskie" ) was one of 16 Voivodeships in the Second Polish Republic, with the capital in Wilno (now Vilnius, Lithuania). It was created in 1926 and populated predominantly by Poles with notable minorities of Belarusians, Jews and Lithuanians.
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Leszno Leszno (German: "Lissa" , between 1800 and 1918 also called "Polnisch Lissa" or "Lissa in Posen") is a town in western Poland with 64,612 inhabitants (2014). Situated in the southern part of the Greater Poland Voivodeship since 1999, it was previously the capital of the Leszno Voivodeship (1975–1998). The town has county status.
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Prowincja A prowincja (] ; plural: "prowincje") was the largest territorial subdivision in medieval and Renaissance-era Poland, and later in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. The term designated each of the two largest constituents of the state: depending on the period, including "Wielkopolska" (Greater Poland), "Małopolska" (Lesser Poland) and (upon the formation of the Commonwealth) the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. Ducal Prussia was often counted as part of the Greater Poland; Inflanty (Livonia) as part of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, and the Ruthenian territories were split between Lesser Poland and the Grand Duchy.
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Kliny, Kępno County Kliny (German: "Klin" ) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Kępno, within Kępno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. It lies approximately 4 km north of Kępno and 142 km south-east of the regional capital Poznań.
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Łuck Ghetto The Łuck Ghetto (a.k.a. the Lutsk Ghetto, Polish: "getto w Łucku" , German: "Ghetto Luzk" ) was a Jewish World War II ghetto established in 1941 by the "Schutzstaffel" ("SS") in the prewar Polish city of Łuck (now Lutsk, Ukraine) occupied by Germany after Operation Barbarossa, in the south-eastern region of Kresy. Łuck was the capital of the Wołyń Voivodeship (1921–39) in the Second Polish Republic before the joint Nazi-Soviet invasion of Poland of 1939. The invading Soviets annexed the city to the Ukrainian SSR in 1939 along with the entire region, an renamed it as Луцьк (Lutsk).
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Voivodeships of Poland A województwo ( ; plural: "województwa") is the highest-level administrative subdivision of Poland, corresponding to a "province" in many other countries. The term ""województwo"" has been in use since the 14th century, and is commonly translated in English as "province". The word ""województwo"" is also rendered as "voivodeship" ( ) or a variant spelling.
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Kaliny Kaliny is a part of the Szczecin City, Poland situated on the left bank of Oder river, west of the Szczecin Old Town and Middle Town.
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Krasnystaw Krasnystaw (Ukrainian: Красностав "Krasnostav" ) is a town in eastern Poland with 19,750 inhabitants (29 March 2011). Situated in the Lublin Voivodeship (since 1999), previously in Chełm Voivodeship (1975–1998). It is the capital of Krasnystaw County.
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Przemyśl Voivodeship Przemyśl Voivodeship (Polish: "województwo przemyskie" ) was a unit of administrative division and local government in Poland in the years 1975–1998, superseded by the Podkarpackie Voivodeship. Its capital city was Przemyśl.
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Treaty of Vilnius (1559) The Treaty of Vilnius or Vilna was concluded on 31 August 1559, during the Livonian War, between the Livonian Order and the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth at Vilnius (Vilna, Wilna, Wilno). Gotthard von Kettler put the lands of the order under protection of Polish king and Grand Duke of Lithuania, Sigismund II Augustus. The alliance was intended to neutralize the imminent threat of annexation of the order's lands by Russia, yet despite earning military support from Polish-Lithuanian chancellor Mikołaj "the Black" Radziwiłł, Kettler was unable to prevent the occupation of most of Livonia by Russian forces. Thus, Kettler concluded a second treaty with Poland-Lithuania on 28 November 1561, transferring the remnants of the Teutonic Order State to the Polish Crown and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, himself becoming a vassal of Sigismund II Augustus.
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Kownaty, Greater Poland Voivodeship Kownaty is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Wilczyn, within Konin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. It lies approximately 2 km north of Wilczyn, 33 km north of Konin, and 86 km east of the regional capital Poznań.
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Krośnice Krośnice may refer to the following places in Poland:
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Brześć Kujawski Voivodeship Brześć Kujawski Voivodeship (Latin: "Palatinatus Brestensis" , Polish: "Województwo brzesko-kujawskie" ) was a unit of administrative division and local government in the Kingdom of Poland (later Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth), from the 14th century to the Second Partition of Poland in 1793. It was part of the historic Kujawy region and the Greater Polish "prowincja". Originally, its name was Brzesc Voivodeship ("Wojewodztwo brzeskie"), but after the 1569 Union of Lublin, it was renamed into Brzesc Kujawski Voivodeship, to distinguish it from Lithuanian Brest Litovsk Voivodeship (Polish: "Wojewodztwo brzesko-litewskie").
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Kraj A kraj (plural: "kraje") is the highest-level administrative unit in the Czech Republic and the Slovak Republic. For lack of other English expressions, the Slavic term is often translated as "province", "region", or "territory", although it approximately means "(part of) country", or "(part of) countryside". A "kraj" is subdivided into "okresy" ("counties").
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Łódź Voivodeship (1919–1939) Łódź Voivodeship (Polish: "Wojewodztwo Łódzkie" ) was a unit of administrative division and local government in Poland in years 1919–1939. At that time, it covered a large portion of the mid-western part of the country, including such cities as Łódź, Piotrków Trybunalski, Sieradz and Radomsko. The capital of the Łódź Voivodeship was always Łódź, but the area of land which comprised it changed several times.
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Krzepice Krzepice ] (German: "Krippitz" ) is a Polish town near Częstochowa, in Kłobuck County, Silesian Voivodeship, in northwestern corner of Lesser Poland. It is located near the historic border of Lesser Poland and Silesia, which goes along the Liswarta river. A few kilometers to the northwest, Lesser Poland meets another historic province of the country, Greater Poland.
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Ożarów Ożarów (] ) is a town in Poland, in the province of Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in Opatów county (Powiat of Opatów), historic Lesser Poland, with 4,906 inhabitants as of December 31, 2004. Ożarów received its town charter in 1569, during the Polish Golden Age, lost it in 1869, and regained in 1988. The town lies in eastern part of the province, some fifteen kilometers west of the Vistula river. Ożarów's coat of arms is the Rawa, which was used by the Ozarowski family.
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Kościelna Wieś Kościelna Wieś may refer to the following places in Poland:
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Gorzów Voivodeship Gorzów Wielkopolski Voivodeship (Polish: "województwo gorzowskie" ) was a unit of administrative division and local government in Poland between 1975 and 1998 when it was superseded by Lubusz Voivodeship. Its capital city was Gorzów Wielkopolski.
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Kamień Krajeński Kamień Krajeński ("Kamień Pomorski" 1920-1945; German: "Kamin in Westpreußen" ) is a town in Sępólno County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland, with 2,276 inhabitants (2004).
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Piła Voivodeship Piła Voivodeship (Polish: "Województwo pilskie" ) was a voivodeship (unit of administrative division and local government) in Poland from 1975 to 1998. It was superseded by the Greater Poland Voivodeship. The Voivodeship's capital city was Piła.