Who wrote the opera first performed on 26 October 1786 at the medieval castle and subsequent palace which served as a residence for the French monarchs from Louis VII to Napoleon III?
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Phèdre (opera) Phèdre ("Phaedra") is an opera by the French composer Jean-Baptiste Lemoyne, first performed at Fontainebleau on 26 October 1786. It takes the form of a "tragédie lyrique" in three acts. The libretto, by François-Benoît Hoffman, is based on the Greek myth of the obsessive love of Phaedra for her stepson Hippolytus.
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Palace of Fontainebleau The Palace of Fontainebleau ( ; ] ) or Château de Fontainebleau, located 55 km southeast of the centre of Paris, in the commune of Fontainebleau, is one of the largest French royal châteaux. The medieval castle and subsequent palace served as a residence for the French monarchs from Louis VII to Napoleon III. It is now a national museum and a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
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Nicolas-Étienne Framery Nicolas-Étienne Framery (25 March 1745, Rouen – 26 November 1810, Paris) was a French music theorist, critic and lyric writer associated with opera, especially opéra comique. He wrote and adapted librettos. His work became more adademic and abstract and he eventually became "surintendant de la musique" for the Comte d'Artois, (who would become Charles X of France).
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Ippolito ed Aricia "Ippolito ed Aricia" was commissioned in 1759 by Guillaume du Tillot, a minister for Philip, Duke of Parma, on behalf of the duke and his wife, Princess Louise Élisabeth of France. At that time, both France and Spain thought of Parma as a strategic point of interest and subsidized the court heavily. The duke and his wife were particularly fond of French opera and Tillot promoted all forms of French musical theater at the court. However, Tillot decided that he wanted to commission an opera for the court that would merge Italian musical idioms, such as beautiful melodies and virtuosic coloratura display, with French dramatic forms like choruses, ballet, and supernatural elements. He approached Carlo Innocenzo Frugoni, court poet of Parma, with the idea of creating such an opera using the Italian text of Rameau's "Hippolyte et Aricie". He agreed, and Tillot proceeded to recruit Tommaso Traetta to compose the music and Count Francesco Algarotti to assist Frugoni with the libretto.
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Il Bellerofonte Il Bellerofonte is an 18th-century Italian opera in three acts by the Czech composer Josef Mysliveček. It conforms to the serious type (opera seria) that was typically set in the distant past. The libretto, based on the Greek legend of Bellerophon, was written by Giuseppe Bonecchi. The work was dedicated to King Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies and was first performed at the Teatro San Carlo in Naples on 20 January 1767, the birthday of his father, King Charles III of Spain. The cast featured two stellar singers of the time, Caterina Gabrielli and Anton Raaff, in the leading roles. The opera was only the composer's second one, and the first that permitted him the opportunity to write music for first-rate vocal artists. The production was highly successful, indeed responsible for a meteoric rise in his reputation as an operatic composer. From the time of the premiere of "Bellerofonte" until his death in 1781, Mysliveček succeeded in having more new "opere serie" brought into production than any other composer in Europe. During the same time span, he also had more new operas staged at the Teatro San Carlo in Naples than any other composer.
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Ernelinde, princesse de Norvège Ernelinde, princesse de Norvège ("Ernelinde, Princess of Norway") is a three-act operatic tragédie lyrique, by the French composer François-André Danican Philidor. The libretto was by Antoine-Alexandre-Henri Poinsinet, after Francesco Silvani's opera libretto "La fede tradita, e vendicata".
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L'arbre enchanté L’arbre enchanté, ou Le tuteur dupé ("The Magic Tree, or, the Tutor Duped"), Wq 42, is a one-act opéra comique by Christoph Willibald Gluck to a libretto based on the 1752 opéra-comique "Le poirier" ("The Peartree") with a text by Jean-Joseph Vadé. Vadé's libretto was based on a tale from Boccaccio's "Decameron", as retold by Jean de La Fontaine. Gluck's opera was written for the nameday of Emperor Francis Stephan, premiering at the Schönbrunn palace in Vienna on the evening of October 3, 1759, anniversary of the death of Saint Francis of Assisi.
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Daphnis et Alcimadure Daphnis et Alcimadure (in Occitan classical norm, Dafnís e Alcimadura, or according to the original libretto spelling, Daphnis e Alcimaduro) is an opera by the Baroque violinist, conductor and composer Jean-Joseph Cassanéa de Mondonville to a libretto in the Occitan language, written by the composer himself and loosely inspired by La Fontaine's fable bearing the same title. It takes the form of a pastorale in three acts and was later endowed with a prologue in French entitled "Les jeux floraux", to a libretto by Claude-Henri de Fusée de Voisenon.
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Céphale et Procris (Grétry) Céphale et Procris ("Cephalus and Procris") is an opera by André Grétry with a French-language libretto by Jean-François Marmontel based on the Classical myth of Cephalus and Procris as told in Book Seven of Ovid's "Metamorphoses". It takes the form of a "ballet héroïque" in three acts. It was first performed at the Palace of Versailles on 30 December 1773.
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Énée et Lavinie (Dauvergne) Énée et Lavinie ("Aeneas and Lavinia") is an opera by the French composer Antoine Dauvergne, first performed at the Académie Royale de Musique (the Paris Opéra) on 14 February 1758. It takes the form of a "tragédie lyrique" in five acts.
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Diane et Endymion Diane et Endymion ("Diana and Endymion") is a French-language opera by the composer Niccolò Piccinni, first performed at the Académie Royale de Musique, Paris (the Paris Opera) on 7 September 1784. It takes the form of an "opéra" in three acts. The libretto, by Jean-François Espic Chevalier de Liroux, is based on the story of the goddess Diana's love for the shepherd Endymion.
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Rouen Opera House The Rouen Opera House, formally known as Rouen Normandy Opera House -Theatre of Arts (French: "Opéra de Rouen Normandie - Théâtre des arts") is a French opera house located in Rouen, Normandy. It is home to the Rouen Philharmonic Orchestra.
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Ballet de la Merlaison The Ballet de la Merlaison is a ballet de cour first performed in 1635 at the Château de Chantilly, during the reign of Louis XIII. It is the most popular ballet performed during the reign of Louis XIII, which marked an important development of the Ballet de cour.
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La journée aux aventures La journée aux aventures ("The Day of Adventures") is an opera by the French composer Étienne Méhul. It takes the form of an "opéra comique" in three acts. It was first performed at the Opéra-Comique, Paris on 16 November 1816. The libretto is by Pierre-David-Augustin Chapelle and Louis Mezières-Miot. This was the last of the composer's works to be premiered in his lifetime and was a great success; it enjoyed 66 performances before the end of 1817 and helped remedy the financial problems of the Opéra-Comique. It was revived to acclaim in a German translation in Berlin in December 1839.
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Die Schweizer Familie Die Schweizer Familie ("The Swiss Family") is an opera by the Austrian composer Joseph Weigl. It takes the form of a "Singspiel" in three acts. The libretto, by Ignaz Franz Castelli, is based on the vaudeville "Pauvre Jacques" (1807) by Charles-Augustin de Basson-Pierre and René de Chazet. The opera was first performed at the Theater am Kärntnertor in Vienna on 14 March 1809 and was a great success in German-speaking countries in the early 19th century.
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La Périchole La Périchole (] ) is an opéra bouffe in three acts by Jacques Offenbach. Henri Meilhac and Ludovic Halévy wrote the French-language libretto based on the 1829 one act play "Le carrosse du Saint-Sacrement" by Prosper Mérimée, which was revived on 13 March 1850 at the Théâtre-Français. Offenbach was probably aware of this production, as he conducted the orchestra of the Comédie-Française from around this time. Another theatrical creation that pre-dates Offenbach's opéra bouffe and may have influenced the piece is a farce by Desforges and Théaulon given on 21 October 1835 at the Théâtre du Palais-Royal.
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La toison d'or (opera) La toison d'or ("The Golden Fleece") is a French-language opera in three acts by the composer Johann Christoph Vogel, first performed at the Académie Royale de Musique (the Paris Opera) on 5 September 1786. The libretto, by Philippe Desriaux, is based on the legend of Jason and the Golden Fleece.
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Les deux petits savoyards Les deux petits savoyards ("The Two Little Savoyards") is a comic opera in one act by the French composer Nicolas Dalayrac. It was first performed by the Comédie-Italienne at the first Salle Favart in Paris on January 14, 1789. The libretto is by Benoît-Joseph Marsollier des Vivetières. The opera was a great success; according to the records of the Comédie-Italienne, 104,000 spectators had seen it by 1793. The theme of reconciliation between the social classes appealed to audiences at the beginning of the French Revolution. "Les deux petits savoyards" received its British premiere at Sadler's Wells in June, 1789 and it first appeared in the United States in Philadelphia in 1797.
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François-Louis Henry François-Louis(-Ferdinand) Henry (12 May 1786 – 22 February 1855) was a French baritone, who sang for about 35 years with the Opéra-Comique in Paris, where he created numerous leading roles. His stage name was Henri (or Henry). He has also been referred to as François-Louis Deshayes.
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Toulon Opera The Toulon Opera (L'opéra de Toulon), inaugurated on 1 October 1862, is the second-largest opera house in France, after the Palais Garnier in Paris, although it opened thirteen years before the Garnier. The inaugural performance was "Les Mouquetaires de la reine", a comic opera by Fromental Halévy, followed a few days later by "La Juive", the same composer's most famous opera.
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Le roi de Lahore Le roi de Lahore ("The king of Lahore") is an opera in five acts by Jules Massenet to a French libretto by Louis Gallet. It was first performed at the Palais Garnier in Paris on 27 April 1877 in costumes designed by Eugène Lacoste and settings designed by Jean Émile Daran (Act I, scene 1), Auguste-Alfred Rubé and Philippe Chaperon (Act I, scene 2; Act V), Louis Chéret (Act II), Jean-Baptiste Lavastre (Act III), Antoine Lavastre and Eugène Louis Carpezat (Act IV).
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Teatro Regio Ducal The Teatro Regio Ducal (Italian, "Royal Ducal Theatre") was the opera house in Milan from 26 December 1717 until 25 February 1776, when it was burned down following a carnival gala. Many famous composers and their operas are associated with it, including the premieres of Mozart's "Ascanio in Alba", "Mitridate, re di Ponto", and "Lucio Silla". The opera house also saw the premiere of Maria Teresa Agnesi Pinottini's "Ciro in Armenia" in 1753; one of the earliest successfully received operas by a female composer. Variant forms such as "Regio-Ducal Teatro" and "Teatro Regio Ducale" are also seen.