Who was an Argentine politician and lawyer who acted as the President of Argentina between May 1, 1958, and March 29, 1962, and had an economic battle announced on 24 July 1958?
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Oil battle The oil battle (Spanish: "La batalla del petróleo" ) was an economic battle announced by the government of Argentine president Arturo Frondizi on 24 July 1958. The aim of the "battle" was to achieve self-sufficiency in oil production. It is remembered for the ideological controversy caused by the apparent ideological about-face of the president, who had previously been critical of oil policy.
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Arturo Frondizi Arturo Frondizi Ercoli, GCMG (October 28, 1908 – April 18, 1995) was an Argentine politician and lawyer who acted as the President of Argentina between May 1, 1958, and March 29, 1962, for the Intransigent Radical Civic Union, which he led until 1986.
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Ricardo Balbín Ricardo Balbín (July 29, 1904 — September 9, 1981) was an Argentine lawyer and politician, and one of the most important figures of the centrist Radical Civic Union (UCR), for which he was the presidential nominee four times: in 1951, 1958, and twice in 1973.
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Pedro Peña Pedro Pablo Peña Cañete (29 June 1864 – 29 July 1943) was provisional President of Paraguay from February 28, 1912 to March 22, 1912. He was a member of the Colorado Party. Before his brief Presidency, doctor Peña was secretary at the Paraguayan Legation in Argentina, Dean of the Faculty of Medicine at the National University of Asuncion, President of the National University of Asuncion, Paraguayan minister to Brazil (1901–1902 and 1903–1905), minister of Foreign Affairs (1902–1903) and Paraguayan minister to Chile, Bolivia and Peru (1905–1908). During and after his Presidency he was President of the Executive Committee of the Colorado Party from 1912 to 1916, and again from 1921 to 1923.
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Alejandro Hales Alejandro Hales Jamarne (April 23, 1923 - April 7, 2001) was a Chilean lawyer, diplomat and politician. He was a member of the Agrarian Labor Party. He served as the Minister of Agriculture from April 1953 to June 1954. He served as the Chilean Ambassador to Bolivia from 1954 to 1958. He also served as the Minister of Mining from September 1992 to March 1994.
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Cristina Fernández de Kirchner Cristina Elisabet Fernández de Kirchner (] ; born 19 February 1953), sometimes referred to by her initials CFK, is an Argentine lawyer and politician, who served as President of Argentina from 2007 to 2015. She was the second woman to serve as President of Argentina, the first directly elected female president, and the first woman re-elected to the office. Ideologically a Peronist and social democrat, she was a member of the Justicialist Party, with her political approach being characterised as Kirchnerism.
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Argentine Confederation The Argentine Confederation (Spanish: "Confederación Argentina") is one of the official names of Argentina according to the Argentine Constitution, Article 35. It was the name of the country from 1831 to 1852, when the provinces were organized as a confederation without a head of state. The governor of Buenos Aires Province (Juan Manuel de Rosas during most of the period) managed foreign relations during this time. Under his rule, the Argentine Confederation resisted attacks by Brazil, Bolivia, Uruguay, France and the UK, as well other Argentine factions during the Argentine Civil Wars.
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La audacia y el cálculo La audacia y el cálculo (Spanish: "The boldness and the strategy" ) is a 2011 Argentine book by Beatriz Sarlo. It is focused in the history of Argentina from 2003 to 2010, the presidency of Néstor Kirchner and part of the first presidency of Cristina Fernández de Kirchner (still influenced by Néstor Kirchner). Sarlo details the plots used by Néstor Kirchner to increase his political power.
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Alberto Guani Alberto Guani (1877–1956) was an Uruguayan jurist, diplomat and the Vice President from 1943 to 1947.
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Oscar Parrilli Oscar Parrilli (born 13 August 1951) is an Argentine lawyer and politician, Secretary and Director of Intelligence of Argentina from December 2014 to December 2015. He was designated by the President Néstor Kirchner and his wife Cristina Fernández as General Secretary of Presidency. He used to be a National Deputy from Neuquen Province.
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Battle of Caseros The Battle of Caseros was fought near the town of Caseros, Buenos Aires Province, Argentina, on 3 February 1852, between the Army of Buenos Aires commanded by Juan Manuel de Rosas and the Grand Army ("Ejército Grande") led by Justo José de Urquiza. The forces of Urquiza, "caudillo" and governor of Entre Ríos, defeated Rosas, who fled to the United Kingdom. This defeat marked a sharp division in the history of Argentina. As provisional Director of the Argentine Confederation, Urquiza sponsored the creation of the Constitution in 1853, and became the first constitutional President of Argentina in 1854.
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Luis María Argaña Luis María del Corazón de Jesús Dionisio Argaña Ferraro (October 3, 1932 in Asunción – March 23, 1999 in Asunción) was a prominent Paraguayan politician and Supreme Court judge. He was an influential member of the Colorado Party and rose to the Vice-Presidency in 1998, but was assassinated in March 1999 at a time when it appeared likely that he would inherit the presidency from Raúl Cubas, who was on the verge of being impeached. The incident and its aftermath is known in Paraguay as "Marzo Paraguayo" (the Paraguayan March). An airport in Paraguay, Dr. Luis María Argaña International Airport, is named for him.
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Carlos Altamirano Carlos Altamirano Orrego (December 18, 1922, Santiago de Chile) is a lawyer and one of the most influential politicians of Chilean socialism. He was the general secretary of the Chilean Socialist Party (PS) between 1971 and 1979. Before that, he was deputy from 1961 to 1965 and senator from 1965 to 1973. He escaped after Pinochet's coup d'état on September 11, 1973 and lived as a refugee in Cuba. As a young man he was an accomplished athlete, winning medals in the high jump event at the 1946 and 1947 South American Championships in Athletics.
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Ramon Santamarina Joaquin Ramon Cesareo Manuel Santamarina (February 25, 1827 – August 23, 1904) was an Argentine businessman of Spanish origin. After arriving in Argentina at the age of seventeen, he acquired many ranches and eventually founded Santamarina and Sons, which is one of the major cattle companies of Argentina nowadays. His descendants played a significant role in the economy and politics of Argentina. Ramon Santamarina, his first son became president of the National Bank of Argentina, while his other son Enrique became vice president of Argentina in 1930.
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Hugo Ballivián Hugo Ballivián Rojas (7 June 1901 – 15 July 1993) was "de facto" President of Bolivia between 1951 and 1952. A career military officer, he was Commander of the Bolivian Armed Forces when President Mamerto Urriolagoitía called upon him to take over as extra-Constitutional chief executive in order to prevent the swearing-in of the reform-minded President-elect, Víctor Paz Estenssoro. This was a self-coup that became popularly known as the "Mamertazo." Installing himself in the Palacio Quemado, Ballivián was the oligarchy's last hope to "turn back the hands of the clock," but the situation was apparently beyond repair. Despite declaring a nationwide curfew and exiling and imprisoning a number of opposition leaders, the demonstrations, work stoppages, and uprisings continued.
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Bernardo de Irigoyen Bernardo de Irigoyen (December 18, 1822 — December 27, 1906) was an Argentine lawyer, diplomat and politician.
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Hortensio Quijano Dr. Juan Hortensio Quijano (] ; June 10, 1884 – April 3, 1952) was the Vice President of Argentina under President Juan Perón from 1946 until his 1952 death in Buenos Aires.
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Carlos Bettini Carlos Antonio Bautista Bettini Francese is an Argentinian businessman, politician, and diplomat who was the Argentinian ambassador to Spain and Andorra. In his youth he was a close friend of Nestor Kirchner and Cristina Fernandez de Kirchner, both of whom appointed him to the ambassadorship during their terms as president of Argentina. His appointment to this position was a matter of considerable controversy owing to his background as a lobbyist for Spanish businesses in Argentina.
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Fernando de la Rúa Fernando de la Rúa (born September 15, 1937) is an Argentine retired politician of the Radical Civic Union (UCR) who served as President of Argentina from December 10, 1999, to December 21, 2001. De la Rúa was born in Córdoba; he entered politics after graduating with a degree in law. He was elected senator in 1973 and unsuccessfully ran for the office of Vice President as Ricardo Balbín's running mate the same year. In 1993, he was re-elected senator in 1983 and 1993, and as deputy in 1991. He unsuccessfully opposed the pact of Olivos between President Carlos Menem and party leader Raúl Alfonsín, which enabled the 1994 amendment of the Argentine Constitution and the re-election of Menem in 1995.
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Conflict between Kirchnerism and the media The Argentine Governments of Néstor Kirchner and Cristina Fernández de Kirchner had several conflicts with major media groups. Kirchner accused the Clarín Group, "La Nación", "Perfil", and related media of having promoted their overthrow.
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Argentine legislative election, 1993 Success during the 1991 mid-term elections had encouraged President Carlos Menem to approve accelerated plans for privatizations, business deregulation, and more flexible labor laws proposed by the man widely credited for his political "summer," Economy Minister Domingo Cavallo. 1992 was a banner year for the Argentine economy, which grew 9% amid a 40% jump in fixed investment and doubling of auto sales; indeed, it had been the first year since 1984 in which spending on construction and machinery exceeded depreciation (many Argentines bought their first automobile since at least then, as well).
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Second presidency of Rómulo Betancourt Rómulo Betancourt won the 1958 Venezuelan general elections for Democratic Action and held the Presidency of Venezuela from February 13, 1959, to March 13, 1964. Betancourt started his second presidency (his first had been under El Trienio Adeco) as a moderate, except on the issue of dictatorships, instituting the idealistic foreign policy (known as "the Betancourt doctrine") that Venezuela would not recognize dictatorial government anywhere, particularly in Latin America, but including the USSR. One significant domestic policy was land reform, with land largely from expropriated private landholdings redistributed to around 200,000 families.