What is the name sometimes given to the first period of the Roman Empire when Publius Cornelius Lentulus Scipio worked as a Roman senator?
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Publius Cornelius Lentulus Scipio Publius Cornelius Lentulus Scipio was a Roman senator active during the Principate. He was suffect consul in the "nundinium" of July-December 24, as the colleague of Gaius Calpurnius Aviola. His name combines the two most famous branches of the "gens" Cornelia, the Lentuli and the Scipiones.
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Principate The Principate is the name sometimes given to the first period of the Roman Empire from the beginning of the reign of Augustus in 27 BC to the end of the Crisis of the Third Century in 284 AD, after which it evolved into the so-called "Dominate".
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Executive magistrates of the Roman Republic The executive magistrates of the Roman Republic were officials of the ancient Roman Republic (c. 510 BC – 44 BC), elected by the People of Rome. Ordinary magistrates ("magistratus") were divided into several ranks according to their role and the power they wielded: "censors", "consuls" (who functioned as the regular head of state), "praetors", "curule aediles", and finally "quaestor". Any magistrate could obstruct (veto) an action that was being taken by a magistrate with an equal or lower degree of magisterial powers. By definition, "plebeian tribunes" and "plebeian aediles" were technically not magistrates as they were elected only by the "plebeians", but no ordinary magistrate could veto any of their actions. "Dictator" was an extraordinary magistrate normally elected in times of emergency (usually military) for a short period. During this period, the dictator's power over the Roman government was absolute, as they were not checked by any institution or magistrate.
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Rule of the Dukes The Rule of the Dukes was an interregnum in the Lombard Kingdom of Italy (574/5–584/5) during which Italy was ruled by the Lombard dukes of the old Roman provinces and urban centres. The interregnum is said to have lasted ten years according to Paul the Deacon, but all other sources—the "Fredegarii Chronicon", the "Origo Gentis Langobardorum", the "Chronicon Gothanum", and the Copenhagen continuator of Prosper Tiro—accord it twelve. Here is how Paul describes the dukes' rule:
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Sextus Julius Sparsus Sextus Julius Sparsus was a Roman senator active in the first century AD. He was suffect consul for the "nundinium" September–December AD 87 as the colleague of Marcus Otacilius Catulus.
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Sextilia (gens) The gens Sextilia was a plebeian family at Rome. The first member of the "gens" to achieve prominence was Gaius Sextilius, consular tribune in 379 BC. None of the family obtained the consulship, but they endured throughout Roman history from the early Republic into imperial times.
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Marcus Minucius Augurinus Marcus Minucius Augurinus (Latin, "Marcus Minucius Augurinus") was a Roman Republican politician of the patrician gens Minucia during the beginning of the 5th century BC. He served as Consul of Rome in 497 BC and 491 BC, both times serving together with Aulus Sempronius Atratinus.
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Deposition of Romulus Augustulus Odoacer's deposition of Romulus Augustulus, occurring in 476 AD, marked the end of the period during which Western Roman Emperors exercised sovereignty, although Julius Nepos exercised control over Dalmatia until 480. Romulus Augustulus was a 16-year-old minor at the time.
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Praetor Praetor (] , also spelled Prætor) was a title granted by the government of Ancient Rome to men acting in one of two official capacities: the commander of an army (in the field or, less often, before the army had been mustered); or, an elected "magistratus" (magistrate), assigned various duties (which varied at different periods in Rome's history). The functions of the magistracy, the "praetura" (praetorship), are described by the adjective: the "praetoria potestas" (praetorian power), the "praetorium imperium" (praetorian authority), and the "praetorium ius" (praetorian law), the legal precedents established by the "praetores" (praetors). "Praetorium", as a substantive, denoted the location from which the "praetor" exercised his authority, either the headquarters of his "castra", the courthouse (tribunal) of his judiciary, or the city hall of his provincial governorship.
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Augustus Augustus (Latin: "Imperātor Caesar Dīvī Fīlius Augustus" ; 23 September 63 BC – 19 August 14 AD) was the founder of the Roman Principate and considered the first Roman emperor, controlling the Roman Empire from 27 BC until his death in AD 14. He was born Gaius Octavius into an old and wealthy equestrian branch of the plebeian "gens" Octavia. His maternal great-uncle Julius Caesar was assassinated in 44 BC, and Octavius was named in Caesar's will as his adopted son and heir, then known as Octavianus (Anglicized as Octavian). He, Mark Antony, and Marcus Lepidus formed the Second Triumvirate to defeat the assassins of Caesar. Following their victory at the Battle of Philippi, the Triumvirate divided the Roman Republic among themselves and ruled as military dictators. The Triumvirate was eventually torn apart by the competing ambitions of its members. Lepidus was driven into exile and stripped of his position, and Antony committed suicide following his defeat at the Battle of Actium by Octavian in 31 BC.
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Ulpia (gens) The gens Ulpia was a Roman family that rose to prominence during the 1st century AD. The gens is best known from the emperor Marcus Ulpius Trajanus, who reigned from AD 98 to 117. The Thirtieth Legion took its name, "Ulpia", in his honor.
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Macrobius Macrobius, fully Macrobius Ambrosius Theodosius, also known as Theodosius, was a Roman provincial who lived during the early fifth century, at the transition of the Roman to the Byzantine Empire, and when Latin was as widespread as Greek among the elite. He is primarily known for his writings, which include the widely copied and read "Commentarii in Somnium Scipionis" ("Commentary on the Dream of Scipio"), which was one of the most important sources for Platonism in the Latin West during the Middle Ages, the "Saturnalia", a compendium of ancient Roman religious and antiquarian lore, and "De differentiis et societatibus graeci latinique verbi" ("On the Differences and Similarities of the Greek and Latin Verb"), which is now lost.
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Political history of the Roman military Rome's military was always tightly keyed to its political system. In the Roman kingdom the social standing of a person impacted both his political and military roles. The political system was from an early date based upon competition within the ruling elite. Senators in the Republic competed fiercely for public office, the most coveted of which was the post of Consul. Two were elected each year to head the government of the state, and would be assigned a consular army and an area in which to campaign. From Gaius Marius and Sulla onwards, control of the army began to be tied into the political ambitions of individuals, leading to the political triumvirate of the 1st century BC and its military resolution. The late Republic and Empire was increasingly plagued by usurpations led by or supported by the military, leading to the crisis of the third century in the late empire.
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Titus Sextius Cornelius Africanus Titus Sextius Cornelius Africanus also known as Titus Sextius Africanus was a Roman Senator who lived in the Roman Empire in the second half of the 1st century and first half of the 2nd century. He served as an ordinary consul in 112 as the colleague of emperor Trajan.
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Sempronia (gens) The gens Sempronia was a Roman family of great antiquity. It included both patrician and plebeian branches. The first of the Sempronii to obtain the consulship was Aulus Sempronius Atratinus, in 497 BC, the twelfth year of the Republic. The patrician Sempronii frequently obtained the highest offices of the state in the early centuries of the Republic, but they were eclipsed by the plebeian families of the gens at the end of the fourth century BC. The glory of the Sempronia gens is confined to the Republican period. Very few persons of this name, and none of them of any importance, are mentioned under the Empire.
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Roman Warm Period The Roman Warm Period or the Roman climatic optimum has been proposed as a period of unusually warm weather in Europe and the North Atlantic that ran from approximately 250 BC to AD 400.
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Imperial province An imperial province was a Roman province during the Principate where the Roman Emperor had the sole right to appoint the governor ("legatus Augusti"). These provinces were often the strategically located border provinces.
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Gnaeus Cornelius Lentulus Clodianus Gnaeus Cornelius Lentulus Clodianus born 114 BC, was a Roman politician and general who was one of two Consuls of the Republic in 72 BC along with Lucius Gellius Publicola. Closely linked to the family of Pompey, he is noted for being one of the consular generals who led Roman legions against the slave armies of Spartacus in the Third Servile War.
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Aulus Atilius Calatinus Aulus Atilius Calatinus (d. by 216 BC) was a politician and general in Ancient Rome. He was the first Roman dictator to lead an army outside Italy (then understood as the Italian mainland), when he led his army into Sicily. He was consul in 258 BC and again in 254 BC, a praetor and "triumphator" in 257 BC, and finally a censor in 247 BC. Calatinus must have died by 216 BC, because Marcus Fabius Buteo (censor in 241 BC) was named the oldest living ex-censor; Calatinus would have been senior to him in terms of the date of censorship and their respective ages.
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Atilia (gens) The gens Atilia, sometimes written Atillia, was a family at Rome, which had both patrician and plebeian branches. The first member of this gens who obtained the consulship was Marcus Atilius Regulus, in 335 BC. The Atilii continued to hold the highest offices of the state throughout the history of the Republic, and well into imperial times.
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Patrician (ancient Rome) The patricians (from Latin: "" ) were originally a group of ruling class families in ancient Rome. Although the distinction was highly significant in the early Republic, its relevance waned after the Conflict of the Orders (494 BC to 287 BC), and by the time of the late Republic and Empire, membership in the patriciate was of only nominal significance.
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Curtius Rufus Curtius Rufus ( ) was a Roman professional magistrate of senatorial rank mentioned by Tacitus and Pliny the Younger for life events occurring during the reigns of the emperors Tiberius and Claudius. In all probability he is to be equated with the first-century Roman historian Quintus Curtius Rufus.