What is the state called in which the official currency of Japan is higher compared to other currencies?
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Endaka Endaka (Japanese: 円高 , lit. "yen expensive") or "Endaka Fukyo" (Japanese: 円高不況 , lit. "yen expensive recession") is a state in which the value of the Japanese yen is high compared to other currencies. Since the economy of Japan is highly dependent on exports, this can cause Japan to fall into an economic recession.
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Japanese yen The yen (Japanese: 円 , Hepburn: en , symbol: ¥; code: JPY; also abbreviated as JP¥) is the official currency of Japan. It is the third most traded currency in the foreign exchange market after the United States dollar and the euro. It is also widely used as a reserve currency after the U.S. dollar, the euro, and the pound sterling.
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20 yen coin The 20 yen coin (二十圓硬貨 ) was a denomination of Japanese yen. These coins were minted in gold, and during their lifespan were the highest denomination of coin that circulated in the country. The first coins were minted in 1870 following the introduction of a decimal currency system. Twenty Yen coins spanned three different Imperial eras before mintage was halted in 1932. Many of these coins were then melted or destroyed as a result of the wars between 1931 and 1945. These coins are now collected by numismatists for academic study, and by those with a hobby.
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Pacific Century The Pacific Century (and the associated term Asia-Pacific Century) is a term that has been used to describe the 21st century through analogy with the term American Century. The implicit assumption underlying the usage of the term is that the 21st century will be dominated, especially economically, by the states in the Asia-Pacific region, in particular China, Japan, India, South Korea, Taiwan, the ASEAN members (particularly Indonesia, Vietnam, Philippines, Thailand, Malaysia and Singapore), Australia, Russia, Canada, Mexico, and the United States. This idea can be compared to the historical Eurocentric/Atlantic viewpoint, which has dominated for the past two centuries.
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Shibaura Shibaura (芝浦 ) is a district of Minato ward located in Tokyo, Japan. The district is located between the eastern side of the Yamanote Line train and Tokyo Bay. Shibaura consists mostly of artificial islands created by the excavation of industrial canals in the early 20th century. Formerly a light industrial area, it became famous for its night life during the Japanese asset price bubble period and, since the early 2000s, has become a high-rise residential district.
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Gifu (region) Gifu (岐阜 ) is the southcentral portion of Gifu Prefecture in the Chūbu region of Japan. It shares its name with the prefecture and the capital city of Gifu. The borders of this region are not officially set, but it generally consists of the following cities and towns: Gifu, Kakamigahara, Hashima, Mizuho, Motosu, Yamagata, Kasamatsu, Ginan and Kitagata.
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Empire of Japan The Empire of Japan (大日本帝國 , Dai Nippon Teikoku , literally "Greater Japanese Empire") was the historical Japanese nation-state and great power that existed from the Meiji Restoration in 1868 to the enactment of the 1947 constitution of modern Japan.
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Shimōsa Province Shimōsa Province (下総の国 , Shimōsa no Kuni ) was a province of Japan in the area modern Chiba Prefecture, and Ibaraki Prefecture. It lies to the north of the Bōsō Peninsula (房総半島), whose name takes its first "kanji" from the name of Awa Province and its second from Kazusa and Shimōsa Provinces. Its abbreviated form name was Sōshū (総州 ) or Hokusō (北総 ) .
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Tandai The term tandai (Japanese: 探題 ) is a Kamakura and Muromachi period colloquialism for any very important governmental, judiciary or military post in a determinate area. During the Kamakura shogunate, examples of "tandai" in the east of the country were the "shikken" and the "rensho", in the west of the country and in Kyūshū the "Rokuhara tandai" and the "Chinzei bugyō", also called "Chinzei tandai".
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Hokkaido Hokkaido (北海道 , Hokkaidō , literally "Northern Sea Circuit") (] ), formerly known as Ezo, Yezo, Yeso, or Yesso, is the second largest island of Japan, and the largest and northernmost prefecture. The Tsugaru Strait separates Hokkaido from Honshu. The two islands are connected by the undersea railway Seikan Tunnel. The largest city on Hokkaido is its capital, Sapporo, which is also its only ordinance-designated city. About 43 km north of Hokkaido lies Sakhalin island, Russia, whereas to its east and north-east are the disputed Kuril Islands.
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Capital flows in Japan Capital began to flow in and out of Japan following the Meiji Restoration of 1868, but policy restricted loans from overseas. In the aftermath of World War II, Japan was a debtor nation until the mid-1960s. Subsequently, capital controls were progressively removed, in part as a result of agreements with the United States. This process led to rapid expansion of capital flows during the 1970s and especially the 1980s, when Japan became a creditor nation and the largest net investor in the world. This credit position resulted both from foreign direct investment by Japanese corporations, and portfolio investment (holdings of foreign exchange by the central government). In particular, the rapid increase of Japan's direct investments overseas, much exceeding foreign investment in Japan, led to at the end of the 1980s.
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Fuchū Fuchū (府中 ) is the name of several places in Japan. Japan tries to avoid multiple cities with the same name in order to prevent administrative mistakes due to confusion. There are only two cases of cities in Japan with the same name: Fuchū, Hiroshima and Fuchū, Tokyo; and Date, Hokkaidō and Date, Fukushima. "Fuchū" means capital of a province. According to the provisions of the 8th-century Ritsuryō system, there was a Fuchū in every administrative province. The placename Fuchū remains in many areas of Japan.
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Economic history of Japan The economic history of Japan is most studied for the spectacular social and economic growth in the 1800s after the Meiji Restoration, when it became the first non-European great power, and for its expansion after the Second World War, when Japan recovered from devastation to become the world's second largest economy behind the United States, and from 2013 behind China as well. Scholars have evaluated the nation's unique economic position during the Cold War, with exports going to both U.S.- and Soviet-aligned powers, and have taken keen interest in the situation of the post-Cold War period of the Japanese 'lost decades'.
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Currency Museum of the Bank of Japan The Currency Museum of the Bank of Japan (貨幣博物館 , Kahei-hakubutsukan ) , formally known as the Currency Museum, Institute for Monetary and Economic Studies, Bank of Japan (日本銀行金融研究所貨幣博物館 , Nihonginkō-kin'yū-kenkyūjo-kahei-hakubutsukan ) is a museum about Japanese currency located in front of the Bank of Japan building in Chūō, Tokyo.
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Chikuzen Province Chikuzen Province (筑前国 , Chikuzen no kuni ) was an old province of Japan in the area that is today part of Fukuoka Prefecture in Kyūshū. It was sometimes called Chikushū (筑州 ) or Chikuyō (筑陽 ) , with Chikugo Province. Chikuzen bordered Buzen, Bungo, Chikugo, and Hizen Provinces.
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Tosa Province Tosa Province (土佐国 , Tosa no kuni ) is a former province of Japan in the area that is today Kōchi Prefecture on Shikoku. Tosa was bordered by Iyo and Awa Provinces. It was sometimes called Doshū (土州 ) .
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Japanese archipelago The Japanese archipelago (日本列島 , Nihon Rettō ) is the group of islands that forms the country of Japan, and extends roughly from northeast to southwest along the northeastern coast of the Eurasia mainland, washing upon the northwestern shores of the Pacific Ocean. It consists of islands from the Sakhalin island arc and the Northeastern Japan arc.
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Commodity currency A commodity currency is a name given to currencies of countries which depend heavily on the export of certain raw materials for income. These countries are typically developing countries, e.g. countries like Burundi, Tanzania, Papua New Guinea; but also include developed countries like Canada and Australia.
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Kansai region The Kansai region (関西地方 , Kansai-chihō ) or the Kinki region (近畿地方 , Kinki-chihō ) lies in the southern-central region of Japan's main island Honshū. The region includes the prefectures of Mie, Nara, Wakayama, Kyoto, Osaka, Hyōgo and Shiga, sometimes Fukui, Tokushima and Tottori. While the use of the terms "Kansai" and "Kinki" have changed over history, in most modern contexts the use of the two terms is interchangeable. The urban region of Osaka, Kobe and Kyoto (Keihanshin region) is the second most populated in Japan after the Greater Tokyo Area.
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Kibi Province Kibi Province (吉備国 , Kibi no kuni ) was an ancient province or region of Japan, in the same area as Okayama Prefecture and eastern Hiroshima Prefecture. It was sometimes called Bishū (備州 ) .
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Nagoya Nagoya (名古屋市 , Nagoya-shi ) is the largest city in the Chūbu region of Japan. It is Japan's third-largest incorporated city and the fourth most populous urban area. It is located on the Pacific coast on central Honshu. It is the capital of Aichi Prefecture and is one of Japan's major ports along with those of Tokyo, Osaka, Kobe, Yokohama, Chiba, and Kitakyushu. It is also the center of Japan's third-largest metropolitan region, known as the Chūkyō Metropolitan Area. s of 2015 , 2.28 million people lived in the city, part of Chūkyō Metropolitan Area's 9.10 million people.
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Gifu Gifu (岐阜市 , Gifu-shi ) is a city located in the south-central portion of Gifu Prefecture, Japan, and serves as the prefectural capital. The city has played an important role in Japan's history because of its location in the middle of the country. During the Sengoku period, various warlords, including Oda Nobunaga, used the area as a base in an attempt to unify and control Japan. Gifu continued to flourish even after Japan's unification as both an important "shukuba" along the Edo period Nakasendō and, later, as one of Japan's fashion centers. Before becoming a modern city, it was part of the former Atsumi District, but it has since been designated a core city by the national government.