The Carnot wall takes its name from a man who died in what year?
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Carnot wall A Carnot wall is a type of loop-holed wall built in the ditch of a fort or redoubt. It takes its name from the French mathematician, politician, and military engineer, Lazare Carnot. Such walls were introduced into the design of fortifications from the early nineteenth century. As conceived by Carnot they formed part of an innovative but controversial system of fortification intended to defend against artillery and infantry attack. Carnot walls were employed, together with other elements of Carnot's system, in continental Europe in the years after the final defeat of Napoleon in 1815, especially by the Prussians, other Germans and Austrians. Their adoption was initially resisted by the French themselves and by the British.
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Lazare Carnot Lazare Nicolas Marguerite, Count Carnot (13 May 1753 – 2 August 1823) was a French politician, engineer, freemason and mathematician. He was known as the "Organizer of Victory" in the French Revolutionary Wars.
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Melville Arnott Sir William Melville Arnott {'1': ", '2': ", '3': ", '4': "} (14 January 1909 – 17 September 1999) was a Scottish academic. He graduated from the University of Edinburgh in 1931 and was appointed William Withering Chair in Medicine at the University of Birmingham in 1946. He served in the Royal Army Medical Corps during the Second World War, and was one of the first medical officers to enter Bergen-Belsen concentration camp at the end of the war in Europe. He was awarded the Military Cross in the King's 1940 Birthday Honours. He played a major role in the Nuffield Foundation's Planning Committee (1957–59) that established a new medical school at the then University of Rhodesia, now the University of Zimbabwe.
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Rudolf Carnap Rudolf Carnap ( ; ] ; May 18, 1891 – September 14, 1970) was a German-born philosopher who was active in Europe before 1935 and in the United States thereafter. He was a major member of the Vienna Circle and an advocate of logical positivism. He is considered "one of the giants among twentieth-century philosophers."
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Al Herpin Al Herpin (1862–January 3, 1947) was an American known as the "Man Who Never Slept".
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Carman Maxwell Carman Griffin "Max" Maxwell (December 27, 1902 – September 22, 1987) was an American animator and voice actor.
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Clarence W. Barron Clarence W. Barron (July 2, 1855, in Boston, Massachusetts – October 2, 1928) is one of the most influential figures in the history of Dow Jones & Company. As a career newsman described as a "short, rotund powerhouse", he died holding the posts of president of Dow Jones and de facto manager of "The Wall Street Journal". He is considered the founder of modern financial journalism.
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Tom Walls Tom Kirby Walls (18 February 1883 – 27 November 1949) was an English stage and film actor, producer and director, best known for presenting and co-starring in the Aldwych farces in the 1920s and for starring in and directing the film adaptations of those plays in the 1930s.
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Wallaby Plateau The Wallaby Plateau, which is also known as the Cuvier Plateau, is a large bathymetric high that is located about 450 km west of Carnarvon, Western Australia. The Wallaby Plateau covers approximately 100,000 km2 and lies in water depths of 2,200 m to greater than 5,000 m . In the west, the Wallaby Plateau is separated from the Zenith Plateau by a 100-150 km wide, north to northeast-trending bathymetric trough. "Wallaby Plateau" is the name used by the Australian geologists and government for this undersea plateau. This name was first used in a "Hartog" AGSO bathymetric map and formally recognized in a peer-reviewed paper by Symonds and Cameron in 1977. In contrast, the internationally recognized name for it is "Cuvier Plateau". "Cuvier" is a historical name that is presumably derived from the adjacent Cape Cuvier. Cape Cuvier was named for Georges Cuvier, zoologist and statesman, by a French expedition led by Baudin in 1800 – 1803. The Wallaby Plateau lies inside the Australian Exclusive Economic Zone.
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H. C. Westermann H. C. Westermann (Horace Clifford "Cliff" Westermann) (December 11, 1922 – November 3, 1981) was a highly influential and important American sculptor and printmaker whose art constituted a scathing commentary on militarism and materialism. His sculptures frequently incorporated traditional carpentry and marquetry techniques. From the late 1950s until his death in 1981, Westermann worked with a number of materials and formal devices to address a range of personal, literary, artistic, and pop-cultural references. The artist’s sculptural oeuvre is distinguished by its intricate craftsmanship, in which wood, metal, glass, and other materials are laboriously hand-tooled, and by its ability to convey an offbeat, often humorous, individualistic sensibility.
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Andrew Mellon Andrew William Mellon ( ; March 24, 1855 – August 26, 1937) was an American banker, businessman, industrialist, philanthropist, art collector, and politician. From the wealthy Mellon family of Pennsylvania, he established a vast business empire before transitioning into politics. He served as United States Secretary of the Treasury from March 9, 1921 to February 12, 1932, presiding over the boom years of the 1920s and the Wall Street crash of 1929. A conservative Republican, Mellon lowered taxes and government spending in the aftermath of World War I.
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F. F. Worthington Major-General Frederic Franklin Worthington, MC, MM, CD (September 17, 1889–December 8, 1967), nicknamed "Worthy" and "Fighting Frank", was a senior Canadian Army officer. He is considered the father of the Royal Canadian Armoured Corps.
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Morris Carstairs George Morrison 'Morris' Carstairs, {'1': ", '2': ", '3': ", '4': "} (18 June 1916 – 17 April 1991) was a British psychiatrist, anthropologist, and academic. He was Professor of Psychological Medicine at the University of Edinburgh from 1961 to 1973, President of the World Mental Health Organization from 1968 to 1972, and Vice-Chancellor of the University of York from 1973 to 1978. In his youth, he had been a distinguished long-distance runner.
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Henry Pownall Lieutenant General Sir Henry Royds Pownall, (19 November 1887 – 10 June 1961) was a senior British Army officer who held several important command and staff appointments during the Second World War. In particular, he was chief of staff to the British Expeditionary Force (BEF) in France and Belgium until the fall of France in May 1940. He was later chief of staff to General Archibald Wavell until the fall of Singapore in 1942, and chief of staff to Lord Louis Mountbatten in 1943–44.
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P. Macfadyen Patrick Macfadyen (died 20 October 1906) was a British businessman, banker and politician. He committed suicide in 1906 due to the crash of Arbuthnot & Co.
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Ralph Abernathy Ralph David Abernathy Sr. (March 11, 1926 – April 17, 1990) was a leader of the Civil Rights Movement, a minister, and a close friend of Martin Luther King Jr.. In 1955, he collaborated with King to create the Montgomery Improvement Association, which led to the Montgomery Bus Boycott. In 1957, Abernathy co-founded, and was an executive board member of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC). Following the assassination of King, Abernathy became president of the SCLC. As president of the SCLC, he led the Poor People's Campaign in Washington, D.C. during 1968. Abernathy also served as an advisory committee member of the Congress on Racial Equality (CORE). He later returned to the ministry, and in 1989 — the year before his death — Abernathy wrote, "And the Walls Came Tumbling Down: An Autobiography", a controversial autobiography about his and King's involvement in the Civil Rights Movement.
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E. G. Bowen Emrys George Bowen FRGS, FSA, also known as E. G. Bowen (28 December 1900 – 8 November 1983), was an internationally renowned geographer with a particular interest in the physical geography and social geography of his native Wales. A diminutive figure, Bowen was on the academic staff of the Department of Geography and Anthropology at the University College of Wales, Aberystwyth, from the 1920s and was still writing and lecturing there until his death in 1983.
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Paul Joseph Chartier Paul Joseph Chartier (Born August 5 1921-May 18, 1966) was a Canadian man who died when a bomb he was preparing exploded in a washroom of the Parliament of Canada. It is believed that he was preparing to bomb the House of Commons.
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Lynn Strait James Lynn Strait (August 7, 1968 – December 11, 1998) was the lead singer and lyricist for the rock band Snot. He died in a car accident on December 11, 1998 at the age of 30.
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Wallace Carothers Wallace Hume Carothers ( ; April 27, 1896 – April 29, 1937) was an American chemist, inventor and the leader of organic chemistry at DuPont, credited with the invention of nylon.
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Charles Washington Merrill Charles Washington Merrill (December 21, 1869 – February 5, 1958) was an American
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Arthur Cardin Pierre Joseph Arthur Cardin, {'1': ", '2': ", '3': ", '4': "} (June 28, 1879 – October 20, 1946) also known as Arthur Cardin was a Canadian politician who quit the cabinet of William Lyon Mackenzie King over the issue of conscription.