Denis O'Brien was a veteran of what conflict that led to the establishment of the Irish Free State?
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Denis O'Brien (police officer) Detective Sergeant Denis O'Brien, Registration Number: 8288 (17 June 1899 – 9 September 1942), often called "Dinny O’Brien", was a veteran of the Irish War of Independence and the Irish Civil War. He joined the Garda Síochána in 1933 and was killed by the Anti-Treaty IRA.
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Irish Civil War The Irish Civil War (Irish: "Cogadh Cathartha na hÉireann" ; 28 June 1922 – 24 May 1923) was a conflict that followed the Irish War of Independence and accompanied the establishment of the Irish Free State, an entity independent from the United Kingdom but within the British Empire.
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Battle of New Ross (1798) On 4 June 1798, the rebels advanced from their camp on Carrigbyrne Hill to Corbet Hill, just outside New Ross town. The battle, the bloodiest of the 1798 rebellion, began at dawn on 5 June 1798 when the Crown garrison was attacked by a force of almost 10,000 rebels, massed in three columns outside the town. The attack had been expected since the fall of Wexford town to the rebels on 30 May and the British garrison of 2,000 had prepared defences both outside and inside the town. Trenches were dug and manned by skirmishers on the approaches to the town while cannon were stationed facing all the rapidly falling approaches and narrow streets of the town to counter the expected mass charges by the rebels, who were mainly armed with pikes.
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Michael Duffy (Irish politician) Michael Duffy was an Irish Labour Party politician and trade union official from Dunshaughlin, County Meath. He was a member of Seanad Éireann from 1922 to 1936. He was a member of the Irish Transport and General Workers' Union and served as the president of the Irish Trade Union Congress in 1935. He was elected to the Free State Seanad for 9 years at the 1922 election, and was re-elected for another 9 years at the 1931 election. He served until the Free State Seanad was abolished in 1936. He died in 1957.
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Edward Conor Marshall O'Brien Edward Conor Marshall O'Brien (3 November 1880 – 18 April 1952) was an intellectual, Irish aristocrat, republican, nationalist, pioneer in modern maritime theory, and owner and captain of one of the first boats to sail under the tri-colour of the Irish Free State. He was born in England. He was well educated, being able to read and write in both English and Irish. He was a grandson of the Fenian William Smith O'Brien. He was a ship builder and designer, and his notable boats include the "Kelpie" (used for gun running in 1914), the "Saoirse" (in which he circumnavigated the globe) and the "A. K. Ilen" (a Falkland Islands service ship, undergoing restoration).
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Fenian Rising The Fenian Rising of 1867 (Irish: "Éirí Amach na bhFíníní, 1867" , ] ) was a rebellion against British rule in Ireland, organised by the Irish Republican Brotherhood (IRB).
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Starry Plough (flag) The Starry Plough banner (Irish: "An Camchéachta" ) was originally used by the Irish Citizen Army, a socialist Irish republican movement. James Connolly, co-founder of the Irish Citizen Army with Jack White, said the significance of the banner was that a free Ireland would control its own destiny from the plough to the stars.
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Irish constitutional referendum, 1937 The Constitution of Ireland plebiscite, also known as the Plebiscite on the Draft Constitution, was a plebiscite held in the Irish Free State to approve the adoption of a new constitution for the country. The vote was held on 1 July 1937, the same day as the general election. It was passed by a plurality, with 56% of voters in favour, comprising 38.6% of the whole electorate. As a result, the current Constitution of Ireland came into effect on 29 December 1937, ending the Irish Free State. It was the only plebiscite to take place in the Irish Free State. It was also the only referendum that was officially called a plebiscite in the history of the country; all subsequent votes of this nature have taken place under the provisions of the current Irish constitution and are referred to as referendums.
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Irish Republican Army and the Anglo-Irish Treaty The Irish Republican Army was a guerrilla army that fought the Irish War of Independence against Britain from 1919–1921. It saw itself as the legitimate army of the Irish Republic declared in 1919. The Anglo-Irish Treaty, which ended this conflict, was a compromise which abolished the Irish Republic, but created the self-governing Irish Free State, within the British Empire. The IRA was deeply split over whether to accept the Treaty. Some accepted, whereas some rejected not only the Treaty but also the civilian authorities who had accepted it. This attitude eventually led to the outbreak of the Irish Civil War in late June 1922 between pro- and anti-Treaty factions.
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Brigid Lyons Thornton Brigid Lyons Thornton (1896 – 15 November 1987) was a member of Cumann na mBan, an officer in the Irish Free State Army and a physician. Thornton was a rebellious character whom from a young age was involved in a Nationalist movement. Her first small involvement was selling badges and flags at the O'Donovan Rossa funeral.
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Burke Civil War The Burke/de Burgh Civil War was a conflict in Ireland in the 1330s between three leading members of the de Burgh (Burke/Bourke) family.
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Irish Confederate Wars The Irish Confederate Wars, also called the Eleven Years' War (derived from the Irish language name "Cogadh na hAon Bhliana Déag"), took place in Ireland between 1641 and 1653. It was the Irish theatre of the Wars of the Three Kingdoms – a series of civil wars in the kingdoms of Ireland, England and Scotland (all ruled by Charles I). The conflict in Ireland essentially started by pitting the native Irish Catholics against English and Scottish Protestant colonists and their supporters, and ended with Royalists, Irish Catholics and Scottish Presbyterians fighting the ultimate winners, the English Parliament. It was both a religious and an ethnic conflict – fought over who would govern Ireland, whether it would be governed from England, which ethnic and religious group would own most of the land, and which religion would predominate in the country. It was the most destructive conflict in Irish history.
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Liam Mac an Ultaigh Liam Mac an Ultaigh of Dublin (fl. c. 1965) is an Irish Nationalist and was Chief Scout of the Fianna Éireann from 1965. In such tenure, Mac an Ultaigh is most recognized for his work on the Committee that under his administration drafted the Fianna Handbook’s 3rd or 1965 (1st 1913, 2nd 1924) edition, which uniquely of the editions attempts to chronicle the organization’s history. Notably, this thorough and well documented Handbook history conclusively disputes traditional histories, which credit the Irish Republican Brotherhood’s Bulmer Hobson with founding the “Scouts” and exposes a, possible, anti-feminist bias in the traditional histories. The 3rd Handbook in its section “The History and Tradition of the Fianna Éireann” at its pages 24–26 credits instead the Sinn Féin’s Constance Markievicz or “the Countess Markievicz” with founding “Na Fianna Éireann”. As already noted in the Wikipedia article Fianna Éireann, Patrick Pearse has stated that the creation of Fianna Éireann was historically as important to the liberation of Southern and Western Ireland from British rule and the founding of the Irish Free State and, later, the Republic of Ireland as was the creation of the Irish Volunteers in 1913. The paramilitary Fianna Éireann youth Scouts were involved particularly with gun running commencing with the 1916 Easter Rising and later in combat, particularly in Dublin, during the Civil War period of 1922-1924.
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Denis Ireland Denis L. Ireland (29 July 1894 – 23 September 1974) was an Irish politician, author and journalist. He was a Clann na Poblachta member of Seanad Éireann from 1948 to 1951. He was nominated by the Taoiseach to the 6th Seanad in 1948, and was the first resident of Northern Ireland to be appointed as a member of the Oireachtas.
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Eithne Coyle Eithne Coyle (1897–1985; Irish: "Eithne Ni Cumhaill" ) was an Irish republican activist. She was a leading figure within Cumann na mBan and a member of the Gaelic League. However, her role in the period now known as 'revolutionary Ireland' (c1912-c1924) were more extensive than her membership of these two groups indicates. A letter from Peader O'Donnell dated 19 April 1945 in support of her application for a military service application noted she was targeted severely during the Irish Civil War by the Irish Free State forces who 'regarded her more as an IRA officer than as Cumann na mBan organiser, which indeed she was'. She would also become notorious for her involvement in two high-profile prison escapes in the 1920s.
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Limerick feud The Limerick feud is a feud between rival criminal gangs in Limerick City, Ireland. The feud which started between two criminals in 2000 spread to involve several criminal families, mainly the Keane-Collopy gang from St. Mary's Park and the McCarthy-Dundon gang from Ballinacurra Weston, and their associates. While control of the drug trade is a factor in the feud, according to Garda Superintendent Gerry Mahon, the primary driving force is "absolute hatred by each side for the other". Up to twenty murders and hundreds of shootings, stabbings and pipe bomb attacks have been attributed to the feud since it began.
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Charlie Hurley (Irish republican) Charles "Charlie" Hurley (Irish: "Cathal Ó Muirthile" ) (died March 1921) was Officer Commanding of the 3rd Cork Brigade (West Cork) of the Irish Republican Army during the Irish War of Independence (1919–1921). He was born near the village of Kilbrittain, and in his adolescence became a clerk working for the government. In 1905 he was offered a promotion and a transfer to Haulbowline Island, but declined on the grounds that this entailed enlisting in the Royal Navy, albeit in a purely administrative role.
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O'Doherty's rebellion O'Doherty's rebellion took place in 1608 when the landowner Sir Cahir O'Doherty began an uprising against the authorities in the north-west of Ireland. O'Doherty had been a long-standing supporter of the Crown, but having been angered at his treatment by local officials he launched an attack on Derry, burning the town. O'Doherty may have hoped to negotiate a settlement with the government, but after his death in a skirmish at Kilmacrennan the rebellion collapsed with the last survivors being besieged on Tory Island.
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Andrew Cooney (Irish republican) Andrew Cooney (Irish: "Aindreas Ó Cuana" ; 22 April 1897 – 4 August 1968) was an Irish republican from Nenagh, County Tipperary, who later settled in the United States. He studied medicine at University College Dublin just as the Irish War of Independence was getting underway, and he played for a brief spell with the College's hurling club. He joined the Third Battalion of the Dublin Brigade of the Irish Republican Army.
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The Troubles The Troubles (Irish: "Na Trioblóidí" ) was an ethno-nationalist conflict in Northern Ireland during the late 20th century. Also known internationally as the Northern Ireland conflict, it is sometimes described as a "guerrilla war" or a "low-level war". The conflict began in the late 1960s and it is usually deemed to have ended with the Good Friday Agreement of 1998. Although the Troubles mainly took place in Northern Ireland, at times the violence spilled over into parts of the Republic of Ireland, England and mainland Europe.
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National Volunteers The National Volunteers was the name taken by the majority of the Irish Volunteers that sided with Irish Parliamentary Party leader John Redmond after the movement split over the question of the Volunteers' role in World War I.
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Connaught Rangers The Connaught Rangers ("The Devil's Own") was an Irish line infantry regiment of the British Army formed by the amalgamation of the 88th Regiment of Foot (Connaught Rangers) (which formed the "1st Battalion") and the 94th Regiment of Foot (which formed the "2nd Battalion") in July 1881. Between the time of its formation and Irish independence, it was one of eight Irish regiments raised largely in Ireland, its home depot in Galway. It was disbanded with the Partition of Ireland following establishment of the independent Irish Free State in 1922, along with the other five regiments that had their traditional recruiting grounds in the counties of the new state.