The German propaganda film, Triumph of the Will, included excerpts of speeches by Rudolf Hess, who was Deputy Fuhrer from 1933 until when?
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Triumph of the Will Triumph of the Will (German: Triumph des Willens ) is a 1935 German propaganda film directed, produced, edited, and co-written by Leni Riefenstahl. It chronicles the 1934 Nazi Party Congress in Nuremberg, which was attended by more than 700,000 Nazi supporters. The film contains excerpts from speeches given by Nazi leaders at the Congress, including Adolf Hitler, Rudolf Hess and Julius Streicher, interspersed with footage of massed Sturmabteilung (SA) and Schutzstaffel (SS) troops and public reaction. Hitler commissioned the film and served as an unofficial executive producer; his name appears in the opening titles. The film's overriding theme is the return of Germany as a great power, with Hitler as the leader who will bring glory to the nation. Because the film was made after the 1934 Night of the Long Knives (on 30 June) many prominent Sturmabteilung (SA) members are absent—they were murdered in that Party purge, organised and orchestrated by Hitler to replace the SA with the Schutzstaffel (SS) as his main paramilitary force.
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Rudolf Hess Rudolf Walter Richard Hess (Heß in German; 26 April 1894 – 17 August 1987), was a prominent politician in Nazi Germany. Appointed Deputy Führer to Adolf Hitler in 1933, he served in this position until 1941, when he flew solo to Scotland in an attempt to negotiate peace with the United Kingdom during World War II. He was taken prisoner and eventually was convicted of crimes against peace, serving a life sentence until his suicide.
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Weimar Republic Weimar Republic (German: "Weimarer Republik" ] ) was an unofficial, historical designation for the German state between 1919 and 1933. The name derives from the city of Weimar, where its constitutional assembly first took place. The official name of the state was "Deutsches Reich"; it had remained unchanged since 1871. In English the country was usually known simply as Germany.
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Richard Wendler Richard Wendler (22 January 1898, Oberndorf bei Salzburg – 24 August 1972, Prien am Chiemsee) was a high-ranking Nazi official during World War II. During the occupation of Poland, he was the Governor of new District Lublin in the General Government, in charge of Lublin concentration camp and the creation of the Częstochowa Ghetto, among others. Before his deployment to Poland, he was the mayor of the city Hof between 1933 and 1941 and became an SS-"Gruppenführer" in 1942 during the murderous Operation Reinhard. Wendler was "Reichsführer-SS" Heinrich Himmler's brother-in-law; his sister was married to a brother of Himmler.
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Werner Best Karl Rudolf Werner Best (10 July 1903 – 23 June 1989) was a German Nazi, jurist, police chief, SS-"Obergruppenführer" and Nazi Party leader from Darmstadt, Hesse. He studied law and in 1927 obtained his doctorate degree at Heidelberg. Best served as civilian administrator of France and Denmark while Nazi Germany occupied those countries during World War II.
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Reichstag (Nazi Germany) The Reichstag ("diet of the realm"), officially the Großdeutscher Reichstag ("Greater German "Reichstag"") after 1938, was the pseudo-Parliament of the Third Reich from 1933 to 1945. Following the Nazi seizure of power and the passing of the Enabling Act of 1933, it met only as a rubber stamp for the actions of Adolf Hitler's dictatorship—always by unanimous consent—and to listen to Hitler's speeches. In this purely ceremonial role, the Reichstag convened only 20 times, the last on 26 April 1942. The President of the Reichstag (German: "Reichstagspräsident" ) throughout this period was Hermann Göring.
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Richard Walther Darré Richard Walther Darré (born Ricardo Walther Oscar Darré; 14 July 1895 – 5 September 1953) was one of the leading Nazi "blood and soil" (German: "Blut und Boden") ideologists and served as Reich Minister of Food and Agriculture from 1933 to 1942. He was a high-ranking functionary in the SS and the seventh most senior commander in the organisation.
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Heinz Linge Heinz Linge (23 March 1913 – 9 March 1980) was an SS officer who served as a valet for German dictator Adolf Hitler. Linge was present in the "Führerbunker" on 30 April 1945, when Hitler shot himself.
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Reichstag (Weimar Republic) The Reichstag (English: Diet of the Realm) was a legislative body of Weimar Germany (the "German Reich") from 1919, when it succeeded the Weimar National Assembly, until the Nazi takeover in 1933.
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Wilhelm Decker Wilhelm "Will" Decker (13 December 1899 in Rostock – 1 May 1945 near Berlin) was a German publicist, and in the time of the Third Reich the General Labour Leader.
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Military career of Adolf Hitler The military career of Adolf Hitler can be divided into two distinct portions of Adolf Hitler's life. Mainly, the period during World War I when Hitler served as a "Gefreiter" (lance corporal) in the Bavarian Army, and the era of World War II when Hitler served as the Supreme Commander-in-Chief of the Wehrmacht (German Armed Forces) through his position as Führer of Nazi Germany.
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Edmund Heines Edmund Heines (21 July 1897, Munich – 30 June 1934, Stadelheim Prison) was a Nazi Party leader and Ernst Röhm's deputy in the Sturmabteilung or SA.
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Invisible Opponent Invisible Opponent (German: Unsichtbare Gegner) is a 1933 German-Austrian drama film directed by Rudolph Cartier and starring Gerda Maurus, Paul Hartmann and Oskar Homolka. The film's sets were designed by the art director Erwin Scharf. The plot revolves around an oil swindle in a South American country. The film was made in Vienna. The critics were not generally impressed with the film, the "Deutsche Allgemeine Zeitung" described it as "unbelievable and unbelievably awful picture".
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Department of Film (Nazi Germany) The Department of Film was one of five departments that comprised the Central Party Propaganda Office of the NSDAP, established by Adolf Hitler in 1933 as part of the "Reichspropagandaleitung". The Central Party Propaganda Office was separate from the official government Ministry of Public Enlightenment and Propaganda, although both groups were run by Joseph Goebbels. Goebbels was named "Reichspropagandaleiter" and given total control of Germany's press and film "for the spreading of the National Socialist world view to the entire German people"
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Johann Rattenhuber Johann Rattenhuber (30 April 1897 – 30 June 1957), also known as Hans Rattenhuber, was a German police and SS general ("Gruppenführer", i. e. Generalleutnant). Rattenhuber was the head of German dictator Adolf Hitler's personal "Reichssicherheitsdienst" (Reich Security Service; RSD) bodyguard from 1933 to 1945.
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March 1933 In the last open session of the German Parliament, Social Democratic Party leader  Otto Wels spoke against Adolf Hitler's request for formal approval of dictatorial powers. Wels would be fortunate enough to be able to leave the country, and would die in Paris on September 16, 1939.
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Beer Hall Putsch The Beer Hall Putsch, also known as the Munich Putsch, and, in German, as the Hitlerputsch or Hitler-Ludendorff-Putsch, was a failed coup attempt by the Nazi Party leader Adolf Hitler — along with "Generalquartiermeister" Erich Ludendorff and other "Kampfbund" leaders — to seize power in Munich, Bavaria, during 8–9 November 1923. About two thousand Nazis marched to the centre of Munich, where they confronted the police, which resulted in the death of 16 Nazis and four police officers. Hitler himself was not wounded during the clash, although he locked his left arm with the right arm of Max Erwin von Scheubner-Richter who, when he was shot and killed, pulled Hitler to the pavement with him. Hitler escaped immediate arrest and was spirited off to safety in the countryside. After two days, Hitler was arrested and charged with treason.
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National Socialist Program The National Socialist Programme (a.k.a. the 25-point Programme or the 25-point Plan) was the party program of the National Socialist German Workers' Party (NSDAP). Originally the name of the party was the German Workers' Party (DAP) but on the same day of the announced party program it was renamed the NSDAP, "Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei". Adolf Hitler announced the party's program on 24 February 1920 before approximately 2000 people in the Munich Festival of the Hofbräuhaus. The National Socialist Program originated at a DAP congress in Vienna, then was taken to Munich, by the civil engineer and theoretician Rudolf Jung, who, having explicitly supported Hitler, had been expelled from Czechoslovakia, because of his political agitation.
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Blutendes Deutschland Blutendes Deutschland (English "Bleeding Germany") is a German documentary/propaganda film. Two versions were made, a shorter version in December 1932 and a second one that was released shortly after the Nazi seizure of power in late March 1933. Presented in montage form, sources for the film included old photographs, documents and newsreels. A second section, entitled "Germany Awakens" traced the history of the Nazi party up to the German federal election, March 1933. The film traced the history of Germany from the Franco-Prussian War, the founding of the Second Reich, the First World War, the occupation of the Ruhr, the martyrdoms of Albert Leo Schlageter, Horst Wessel and others, the rise of Hitler, the foundation of the Harzburg Front and their eventual victory.
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Rudolf Diels Rudolf Diels (16 December 1900 – 18 November 1957) was a German civil servant and head of the Gestapo in 1933–34. He obtained the rank of SS-"Oberführer" and was a protégé of Hermann Göring.
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Oster Conspiracy The Oster Conspiracy of 1938 was a proposed plan to overthrow German "Führer" Adolf Hitler and the Nazi regime if Germany went to war with Czechoslovakia over the Sudetenland. It was led by Generalmajor (major general) Hans Oster, deputy head of the "Abwehr" and other high-ranking conservatives within the Wehrmacht who opposed the regime for its behaviour that was threatening to bring Germany into a war that they believed it was not ready to fight. They planned to overthrow Hitler and the Nazi regime through a planned storming of the Reich Chancellery by forces loyal to the plot to take control of the government, who would either arrest or assassinate Hitler, and restore the exiled Wilhelm II as Emperor.
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Alfred Hugenberg Alfred Ernst Christian Alexander Hugenberg (19 June 1865 – 12 March 1951) was an influential German businessman and politician. A leading figure in nationalist politics in Germany for the first few decades of the twentieth century, he became the country's leading media proprietor during the inter-war period. As leader of the German National People's Party he was instrumental in helping Adolf Hitler become Chancellor of Germany and served in his first cabinet in 1933, hoping to control Hitler and use him as his "tool." Those plans backfired, and by the end of 1933 Hugenberg had been pushed to the sidelines. Although Hugenberg continued to serve as a "guest" member of the Reichstag until 1945, he wielded no political influence.