The thought experiment in special relativity became more widely known when a Northern Irish physicist, the originator of what  included a modified version?
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Bell's spaceship paradox Bell's spaceship paradox is a thought experiment in special relativity. It was first designed by E. Dewan and M. Beran in 1959 and became more widely known when J. S. Bell included a modified version. A delicate string or thread hangs between two spaceships. Both spaceships now start accelerating simultaneously and equally as measured in the inertial frame S, thus having the same velocity at all times in S. Therefore, they are all subject to the same Lorentz contraction, so the entire assembly seems to be equally contracted in the S frame with respect to the length at the start. Therefore, at first sight, it might appear that the thread will not break during acceleration.
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John Stewart Bell John Stewart Bell FRS (28 June 1928 – 1 October 1990) was a Northern Irish physicist, and the originator of Bell's theorem, an important theorem in quantum physics regarding hidden variable theories.
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Aether theories Aether theories (also known as ether theories) in physics propose the existence of a medium, the aether (also spelled "ether", from the Greek word (αἰθήρ ), meaning "upper air" or "pure, fresh air"), a space-filling substance or field, thought to be necessary as a transmission medium for the propagation of electromagnetic or gravitational forces. The assorted "aether theories" embody the various conceptions of this ""medium"" and ""substance"". This early modern aether has little in common with the aether of classical elements from which the name was borrowed. Since the development of special relativity, theories using a substantial aether fell out of use in modern physics, and were replaced by more abstract models.
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John James Nolan Professor John James Nolan (28 December 1888 – 18 April 1952) was an Irish physicist who served as President of the Royal Irish Academy from 1949 to 1952.
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The Evolution of Physics The Evolution of Physics: The Growth of Ideas from Early Concepts to Relativity and Quanta is a science book for the lay reader, by Albert Einstein and Leopold Infeld, tracing the development of ideas in physics. It was originally published in 1938 by Cambridge University Press. It was a popular success, and was featured in a Time magazine cover story.
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James Robert Brown James Robert Brown (born 1949 in Montreal, Quebec) is a Canadian philosopher of science. He is a Professor of philosophy at the University of Toronto. In the philosophy of mathematics, he has advocated mathematical Platonism, and in the philosophy of science he has defended scientific realism mostly against anti-realist views associated with social constructivism. He is largely known for his pioneering writing about thought experiments in science and in general.
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Joshua N. Goldberg Joshua N. Goldberg (born May 30, 1925 in Rochester, New York) is an American physicist and educator. He is particularly noted for his research on general relativity.
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Desmond Fennell Desmond Carolan Fennell (born 1929) is an Irish writer, cultural philosopher and linguist, whose most frequent form of writing is the essay. Throughout his career Fennell has repeatedly departed from prevailing norms. In the 1950s and early 1960s, with his extensive foreign travel and reporting and his travel book "Mainly in Wonder", he departed from the norm of Irish Catholic writing at the time. From the late 1960s into the 1970s, in pioneering new approaches to the partition of Ireland and the Irish language revival, he deviated from political and linguistic Irish nationalism, and with the wide philosophical scope of his "Beyond Nationalism: The Struggle against Provinciality in the Modern World", from contemporary Irish culture generally.
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David Bohm David Joseph Bohm FRS (December 20, 1917 – October 27, 1992) was an American scientist who has been described as one of the most significant theoretical physicists of the 20th century and who contributed unorthodox ideas to quantum theory, neuropsychology and the philosophy of mind.
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Asher Peres Asher Peres (Hebrew: אשר פרס‎ ‎ ; January 30, 1934 – January 1, 2005) was an Israeli physicist, considered a pioneer in quantum information theory, as well as the connections between quantum mechanics and the theory of relativity.
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Susan McKenna-Lawlor Susan McKenna-Lawlor is an Irish astrophysicist. She is professor of experimental physics at Maynooth University.
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Nicolas Fatio de Duillier Nicolas Fatio de Duillier {'1': ", '2': ", '3': ", '4': "} (also spelled Faccio or Facio; 16 February 1664 – 12 May 1753) was a Swiss-born mathematician, natural philosopher, and inventor. He spent much of his adult life in England and Holland. Fatio is known for his work on the zodiacal light problem in astronomy, for originating the "push" or "shadow" theory of gravitation, for his close association with both Christiaan Huygens and Isaac Newton, and for his role in the Newton v. Leibniz calculus controversy. He also invented and developed the first method for fabricating jewel bearings for mechanical watches and clocks.
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Knowledge argument The knowledge argument (also known as Mary's room or Mary the super-scientist) is a philosophical thought experiment proposed by Frank Jackson in his article "Epiphenomenal Qualia" (1982) and extended in "What Mary Didn't Know" (1986). The experiment is intended to argue against physicalism—the view that the universe, including all that is mental, is entirely physical. The debate that emerged following its publication became the subject of an edited volume—"There's Something About Mary" (2004)—which includes replies from such philosophers as Daniel Dennett, David Lewis, and Paul Churchland.
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Alfred Bucherer Alfred Heinrich Bucherer (* 9 July 1863 in Cologne; † 16 April 1927 in Bonn) was a German physicist, who is known for his experiments on relativistic mass. He also was the first who used the phrase "theory of relativity" for Einstein's theory of special relativity.
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Initial value formulation (general relativity) The initial value formulation of general relativity is a reformulation of Albert Einstein's theory of general relativity that describes a universe evolving over time.
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James Hough James Hough OBE FRS FRSE FInstP FAPS FRAS, also known as Jim Hough, is a British physicist and an international leader in the search for gravitational waves.
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History of New Thought The history of New Thought started in the 1830s, with roots in the United States and England. As a spiritual movement with roots in metaphysical beliefs, New Thought has helped guide a variety of social changes throughout the 19th, 20th, and into the 21st centuries. Psychologist and philosopher William James labelled New Thought "the religion of healthy-mindedness" in his study on religion and science, "The Varieties of Religious Experience".
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Francis Everitt C. W. Francis Everitt is a US-based English physicist working on experimental testing of general relativity. Everitt was educated at Imperial College London and the University of Pennsylvania in low-temperature physics. He is Professor at the Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory of Stanford University and is also an Associate Member of the Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology (KIPAC).
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Sheila Tinney Sheila Christina Tinney ("née" Power, 15 January 1918 – 27 March 2010) was an Irish mathematical physicist. Her 1941 PhD from the University of Edinburgh, completed under the supervision of Max Born in just two years, is believed to make her the first Irish-born and -raised woman to receive a doctorate in the mathematical sciences.
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Roy Johnston Roy H.W. Johnston (born 1929) is an Irish physicist. He was a Marxist who as a member of the IRA in the 1960s argued for a "National Liberation Strategy" to unite the Catholic and Protestant working classes. He wrote extensively for such newspapers as "The United Irishman" and "The Irish Times".
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Einstein group Albert Einstein, in searching for the transformation group for his unified field theory, wrote:
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Copenhagen interpretation The Copenhagen interpretation is an expression of the meaning of quantum mechanics that was largely devised in the years 1925 to 1927 by Niels Bohr and Werner Heisenberg. It remains one of the most commonly taught interpretations of quantum mechanics.