Which composer of the romantic era was born first, Carl Maria von Weber or Georges Bizet?
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Carl Maria von Weber Carl Maria Friedrich Ernst von Weber (18 or 19 November 1786 5 June 1826) was a German composer, conductor, pianist, guitarist and critic, and was one of the first significant composers of the Romantic school.
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Georges Bizet Georges Bizet (] ; 25 October 18383 June 1875), registered at birth as Alexandre César Léopold Bizet, was a French composer of the romantic era. Best known for his operas in a career cut short by his early death, Bizet achieved few successes before his final work, "Carmen", which has become one of the most popular and frequently performed works in the entire opera repertoire.
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Luise Adolpha Le Beau Luise Adolpha Le Beau (April 25, 1850 in Rastatt, Grand Duchy of Baden – July 17, 1927 in Baden-Baden) was a German composer of classical music. She studied with noted musicians Clara Schumann and Franz Lachner, but her primary instructor was Josef Gabriel Rheinberger. Like many other 19th century female composers, Le Beau began her career in music as a pianist, and later earned her living teaching, critiquing, and performing music.
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Carl Orff Carl Heinrich Maria Orff (] ; (1895--)10 1895 – (1982--)29 1982 ) was a German composer, best known for his cantata "Carmina Burana" (1937). In addition to his career as a composer, Orff developed an influential approach toward music education for children.
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Francis Tourte Louis François, better known as Francis Tourte, (8 June 1816 – 5 October 1891) was a 19th-century French composer, poet, chansonnier and playwright. He was François Tourte's grandson.
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Ignaz Pleyel Ignace Joseph Pleyel (] ; ] ; 18 June 1757 – 14 November 1831) was an Austrian-born French composer and piano builder of the Classical period.
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Hans Werner Henze Hans Werner Henze (1 July 1926 – 27 October 2012) was a German composer. His large oeuvre of works is extremely varied in style, having been influenced by serialism, atonality, Stravinsky, Italian music, Arabic music and jazz, as well as traditional schools of German composition. In particular, his stage works reflect "his consistent cultivation of music for the theatre throughout his life".
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August Gottfried Ritter August Gottfried Ritter (25 August 1811 – 26 August 1885) was a German romantic composer and organist.
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Maria Bach Emilie Marie Baroness von Bach (1896 – 1978) was an Austrian pianist, violinist, composer and artist.
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Anton Stamitz Anton Thadäus Johann Nepomuk Stamitz (November 1750 –  1798–1809 ) was a German composer of partial Czech ancestry (his mother was German) and violinist.
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Leo Blech Leo Blech (21 April 1871 – 25 August 1958) was a German opera composer and conductor who is perhaps most famous for his work at the Königliches Opernhaus (later the Berlin State Opera / Staatsoper Unter den Linden) from 1906 to 1937, and later as the conductor of Berlin's Städtische Oper from 1949 to 1953. Blech was known for his reliable, clear, and elegant performances, especially of works by Wagner, Verdi, and Bizet's "Carmen" (which he conducted over 600 times), and for his sensitivity as an accompanist.
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Joseph Graetz Joseph Graetz (2 December 1760 - 17 July 1826) was a German composer, organist, and music educator. In 1790 two of his stage works premiered: the operetta "Das Gespenst mit der Trommel" and the opera "Adelheid von Veltheim". His notable students included Kaspar Ett, Peter Josef von Lindpaintner, and Eduard Rottmanner.
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Carl Gustav Carus Carl Gustav Carus (3 January 1789 – 28 July 1869) was a German physiologist and painter, born in Leipzig, who played various roles during the Romantic era. A friend of Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, he was a many-sided man: a doctor, a naturalist, a scientist, a psychologist, and a landscape painter who studied under Caspar David Friedrich.
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Johann Sebastian Bach Johann Sebastian Bach (31 March [O.S. 21 March] 1685 28 July 1750) was a German composer and musician of the Baroque period. He is known for instrumental compositions such as the "Brandenburg Concertos" and the "Goldberg Variations", and vocal music such as the "St Matthew Passion" and the Mass in B minor. Since the 19th-century Bach Revival he has been generally regarded as one of the greatest composers of all time.
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Eduard Franck Eduard Franck (5 October 1817 – 1 December 1893) was a German composer, pianist and music pedagogue.
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Wilhelm von Lenz Wilhelm von Lenz (born 20 May 1809 in Riga - died 7 January 1883 in Saint Petersburg) was a Baltic German Russian official and writer. Wilhelm von Lenz was a friend of many mid-century Romantic composers, including Franz Liszt, Frédéric Chopin and Hector Berlioz, Lenz's most important and influential work was an early biography of the German composer Ludwig van Beethoven, entitled "Beethoven et ses trois styles" (1855), written in response to the disparagement of Beethoven by Alexander Ulybyshev in his "Nouvelle biographie de Mozart" (1843). Lenz promoted the idea (already suggested by earlier figures such as François-Joseph Fétis) that Beethoven's musical style be divided into three characteristic periods. Lenz's periodisation, with minor changes, is still widely used today by musicologists in discussing Beethoven's compositions.
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Genoveva Genoveva, Op. 81, is an opera in four acts by Robert Schumann in the genre of German Romanticism with a libretto by Robert Reinick and the composer. The only opera Schumann ever wrote, it received its first performance on 25 June 1850 at the Stadttheater in Leipzig, with the composer conducting. It received only three performances during the premiere, and the negative criticism it received in the press played a decisive role in Schumann's decision to not write a second opera.
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Roma Symphony (Bizet) The Symphony in C "Roma" is the second of Georges Bizet's symphonies. Unlike his first symphony, also in C major, which was written quickly at the age of 17, "Roma" was written over an eleven-year span, between the ages of 22 and 33 (he died at age 36). Bizet was never fully satisfied with it, subjecting it to a number of revisions, but died before finishing his definitive version. All four movements were performed in his lifetime, but never all on the same occasion. The full symphony in its latest revision was premiered in 1875, after his death. It is perhaps because of Bizet's dissatisfaction that the work is often said to be "unfinished". However, in the form in which it exists today, it is a complete work and is fully scored. It has been recorded a number of times but is not often heard on the concert platform.
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Symphony No. 1 (Enescu) Symphony No. 1, Op. 13 in E♭ by the Romanian composer George Enescu reflects the composer's training in both Vienna and Paris. In the former location he studied the Brahmsian tradition with Robert Fuchs, and in the latter the French tradition with Jules Massenet and Gabriel Fauré .
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Richard Wagner Wilhelm Richard Wagner ( ; ] ; 22 May 181313 February 1883) was a German composer, theatre director, polemicist, and conductor who is primarily known for his operas (or, as some of his later works were later known, "music dramas"). Unlike most opera composers, Wagner wrote both the libretto and the music for each of his stage works. Initially establishing his reputation as a composer of works in the romantic vein of Weber and Meyerbeer, Wagner revolutionised opera through his concept of the "Gesamtkunstwerk" ("total work of art"), by which he sought to synthesise the poetic, visual, musical and dramatic arts, with music subsidiary to drama. He described this vision in a series of essays published between 1849 and 1852. Wagner realised these ideas most fully in the first half of the four-opera cycle "Der Ring des Nibelungen" ("The Ring of the Nibelung").
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Philipp Jakob Riotte Philipp Jakob Riotte (16 August 1776 – 1856) was a German composer who lived primarily in Vienna. In the 1820s, his works were among the most-performed at the Theater an der Wien. He was a contemporary of Ludwig van Beethoven. Very few of his works remain in the active repertoire today.
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Albert Lortzing Gustav Albert Lortzing (October 23, 1801 – January 21, 1851) was a German composer, actor and singer. He is considered to be the main representative of the German "Spieloper", a form similar to the French "opéra comique", which grew out of the "Singspiel".