Which microcomputer was created first, the Grundy NewBrain or Mark-8?
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Grundy NewBrain The Grundy NewBrain was a microcomputer sold in the early 1980s by Grundy Business Systems Ltd of Teddington and Cambridge, England.
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Mark-8 The Mark-8 is a microcomputer design from 1974, based on the Intel 8008 CPU (which was the world's first 8-bit microprocessor). The Mark-8 was designed by graduate student Jonathan Titus and announced as a 'loose kit' in the July 1974 issue of "Radio-Electronics" magazine.
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S5/8 S5/8 was a serial communications standard devised in the United Kingdom in the 1980s as a simplified subset of RS-232 intended to make interoperability easier. Although published by the British Standards Institution as standard DD 153:1990, it was not widely adopted, and the BSI standard was later withdrawn.
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Zilog eZ80 The Zilog eZ80 is an 8-bit microprocessor from Zilog which is essentially an updated version of the company's earlier Z80 8-bit microprocessor.
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IBM 608 The IBM 608 Transistor Calculator, a plugboard-programmable unit, was the first IBM product to use transistor circuits without any vacuum tubes and is believed to be the world's first all-transistorized calculator to be manufactured for the commercial market. The 608 contained more than 3,000 germanium transistors. Announced in April 1955, it was released in December 1957. It was similar in nature of operation to the vacuum tube IBM 604, which had been introduced a decade earlier. Although the 608 outpaced its immediate predecessor, the IBM 607 by a factor of 2.5, it was soon rendered obsolete by newer IBM products and only a few dozen were ever delivered. The 608 was withdrawn from marketing in April 1959.
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IBM System/360 The IBM System/360 (S/360) is a family of mainframe computer systems that was announced by IBM on April 7, 1964, and delivered between 1965 and 1978. It was the first family of computers designed to cover the complete range of applications, from small to large, both commercial and scientific. The design made a clear distinction between architecture and implementation, allowing IBM to release a suite of compatible designs at different prices. All but the incompatible model 44 and the most expensive systems used microcode to implement the instruction set, which featured 8-bit byte addressing and binary, decimal and (hexadecimal) floating-point calculations.
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PDP-15 The PDP-15 was the fifth and last of the 18-bit minicomputers produced by Digital Equipment Corporation. The PDP-1 was first delivered in December 1959 and the first PDP-15 was delivered in February of 1970. More than 400 of these successors to the PDP-9 (and 9/L) were ordered within the first eight months.
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Nicholas-Beazley NB-8G The Nicolas-Beazley NB-8G is a United States two-seat parasol wing light monoplane that was constructed in the early 1930s.
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Gigatronics Gigatronics (1980-1992) was a Greek computer manufacturer. It produced the model "ΕΡΜΗΣ" (1984) based on the microprocessor 6502, and the personal computer "KAT" (1988) based on the microprocessors 8088 and 65C816. "ΕΡΜΗΣ" had its own operating system, database and the programming language "SUPER BASIC", while "KAT" was running in both IBM and Apple modes.
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IBM 650 The IBM 650 Magnetic Drum Data-Processing Machine is one of IBM's early computers, and the world’s first mass-produced computer. It was announced in 1953 and in 1956 enhanced as the IBM 650 RAMAC with the addition of up to four disk storage units. Almost 2,000 systems were produced, the last in 1962. Support for the 650 and its component units was withdrawn in 1969.
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8&quot;/35 caliber gun The 8"/35 caliber gun Mark 3 and Mark 4 (spoken "eight-inch-thirty-five--caliber") were used for the main batteries of the United States Navy's first armored cruisers and the secondary batteries for their first battleships, the "Indiana"-class . The 8"/40 caliber gun Mark 5 initially armed the "Pennsylvania"-class armored cruisers.
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Tulip System-1 The Tulip system I was a 16-bit personal computer based on the Intel 8086 and made by Tulip Computers, formerly an import company for the Exidy Sorcerer, called "CompuData Systems".
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Sony SMC-70 The SMC-70 is a computer produced by Sony from 1982. Although it resembles a home computer, it was designed for professional video generation, for example in Cable television applications, and digital video effect generation. It was the first computer that used the just invented (also by Sony) 3.5" micro floppy disk drive that later became industry standard. It had a few distinctive aspects that set it aside from many of it contemporary systems. For example, it did not use a version of Microsoft BASIC, but its own Sony developed BASIC, and it could handle and display kanji characters.
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Mark VIII Mark VIII or Mark 8 often refers to the eighth version of a product, frequently military hardware. "Mark", meaning "model" or "variant", can be abbreviated "Mk."
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Bandai RX-78 The Bandai RX-78 is a Japanese 8-bit microcomputer manufactured by Bandai. It first appeared in 1983, and employed a SHARP LH0080A (Z80A clone) CPU. It ran at a clock speed of 4.1 MHz, and shipped with 30 KB of RAM. Its 27-color display had a maximum resolution of 192×184 pixels.
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STM8 The STM8 is an 8-bit microcontroller by STMicroelectronics.
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OPD Mini Processor The OPD Mini Processor was an IBM single-chip FET microprocessor designed by Richard Vrba and used in the OS/6 word processors during the 1970s. It had a 16-bit little-endian instruction set built on an 8-bit internal architecture. Sixteen general purpose registers, implemented as a 32-byte window in memory that operated as a stack, could be used as instruction operands or for indirect references to operands in memory.
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IBM 1400 series The IBM 1400 series were second-generation (transistor) mid-range business decimal computers that IBM marketed in the early 1960s. The computers were offered to replace tabulating machines like the IBM 407. The 1400-series machines stored information in magnetic cores as variable length character strings separated at the left and right by a special flag, called word mark. Arithmetic was performed digit-by-digit. Input and output support included punched card, magnetic tape, and high speed line printers. Disk storage was also available.
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Atlas (computer) The Atlas Computer was a joint development between the University of Manchester, Ferranti, and Plessey. It was a second-generation machine, using discrete germanium transistors.
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SmartKey SmartKey was the first macro processing program of its type, and the first TSR or "terminate and stay resident" program for PCs and CP/M microcomputers, their eight bit predecessors.
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Programmed Data Processor Programmed Data Processor (PDP), referred to by some customers, media and authors as "Programmable Data Processor, is a series of minicomputers made and marketed by the Digital Equipment Corporation from 1957 to 1990. The name "PDP" intentionally avoids the use of the term "computer" because, at the time of the first PDPs, computers had a reputation of being large, complicated, and expensive machines, and the venture capitalists behind Digital (especially Georges Doriot) would not support Digital's attempting to build a "computer"; the word "minicomputer" had not yet been coined. So instead, Digital used their existing line of logic modules to build a "Programmed Data Processor" and aimed it at a market that could not afford the larger computers.
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SGI Challenge The Challenge, code-named "Eveready" (deskside models) and "Terminator" (rackmount models), is a family of server computers and supercomputers developed and manufactured by Silicon Graphics in the early to mid-1990s that succeeded the earlier Power (not to be confused with the IBM POWER) series systems. The Challenge was later succeeded by the NUMAlink-based Origin 200 and Origin 2000 in 1996.