What was the ethnic group of these military pilots who fought in World War II of which Hiram Mann was a member?
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Hiram Mann Hiram Mann (May 23, 1921 – May 17, 2014) was an American aviator, retired lieutenant colonel in the United States Air Force, and member of the Tuskegee Airmen's 332nd Fighter Group, an elite squadron of African-American airmen during World War II. Mann flew forty-eight missions over Europe as a member of the 332nd Fighter Group during the war. Mann was a member of the "Red Tails," as the Tuskegee Airmen were called at the time, so-called because the tails of the P-51D Mustangs flown by the African-American pilots in combat missions were painted crimson red. (The term "Tuskegee Airmen" did not come into use until the creation of a veteran's organization in 1972). Mann nicknamed his own fighter plane "The Iron Lady" after his wife.
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Tuskegee Airmen is the popular name of a group of African-American military pilots (fighter and bomber) who fought in World War II. Officially, they formed the 332nd Fighter Group and the 477th Bombardment Group of the United States Army Air Forces. The name also applies to the navigators, bombardiers, mechanics, instructors, crew chiefs, nurses, cooks and other support personnel for the pilots.
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Flying Regiment 5, Finnish Air Force Flying Regiment 5 (Finnish: "Lentorykmentti 5" or "LeR 5") was a mixed fighter and bomber aircraft regiment of the Finnish Air Force during World War II. The regiment took part in the Continuation War and the Lapland War. The regiment was formed around the No. 6 Sqn, which previously had been subordinated the Finnish Navy HQ, and tasked with anti-submarine and maritime patrols. The No. 30 Sqn was a fighter squadron.
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Henry A. Norman Major Henry Arthur Norman was among the first African American military pilots during World War II. Although a member of the 598th Field Artillery Battalion (and not the famed 332nd Fighter Group or 477th Bombardment Group), he trained at Tuskegee and is generally counted among the Tuskegee Airmen. A career military man, he served as part of the peacetime occupation forces in Germany, seeing armed combat again during the Korean War. He eventually becoming a commissioned officer during an era in which that was rare for African-Americans, overseeing the 20th Army Air Corps. After a rescue mission following the North Sea Flood of 1953 he was personally presented an award for meritorious conduct by the Queen of the Netherlands. Following an honorable discharge from the Army, he earned a PhD in Education from the Ohio State University, and became the principal of the Lincoln School in Gallipolis. He was a direct, male-line descendent of black Revolutionary War hero Bazabeel Norman.
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Kampfgeschwader 26 "Kampfgeschwader" 26 (KG 26) "Löwengeschwader" (in English "Bomber Wing 26" aka ""Lions' Wing"" by virtue of its insignia) was a German air force Luftwaffe bomber wing unit during World War II.
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Royal Malaysian Air Force The Royal Malaysian Air Force (RMAF; Malay: "Tentera Udara Diraja Malaysia (TUDM)" ) was formed on 2 June 1958 as the Royal Federation of Malaya Air Force ("Tentera Udara Diraja Persekutuan"). However, its roots can be traced back to the Malayan Auxiliary Air Force formations of the British Royal Air Force in then colonial British Malaya. Today, the Royal Malaysian Air Force operates a unique mix of modern American, European and Russian-made aircraft.
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Technical Air Intelligence Unit Technical Air Intelligence Units (TAIU) were joint Allied military intelligence units formed during World War II to recover Japanese aircraft to obtain data regarding their technical and tactical capabilities.
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William H. Tunner William Henry Tunner (July 14, 1906 - April 6, 1983) was a general officer in the United States Air Force and its predecessor, the United States Army Air Forces. Tunner was known for his expertise in the command of large-scale military airlift operations, first in Air Transport Command (ATC) during World War II, commanding The Hump operation, and later in Military Air Transport Service (MATS) during the Berlin Airlift in 1949-1951. He eventually rose to the rank of Lieutenant general and commanded MATS itself.
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Georgian Legion (1941–45) The Georgian Legion (German: "Georgische Legion" , Georgian: ქართული ლეგიონი , "kartuli legioni") was a military formation of Nazi Germany during World War II, composed of ethnic Georgians. It was formed by Georgian émigrés and prisoners of war, and its declared aim was the eventual restoration of Georgia's independence from the Soviet Union. Some components of the Georgian Legion fell under the operational control of Waffen SS.
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Lowell Steward Lowell Steward (February 25, 1919 – December 17, 2014) was born in Los Angeles and was a member of the Tuskegee Airmen who flew missions during World War II. For his service, he received the Distinguished Flying Cross and other medals. As a member of the Tuskegee Airmen, he received the Congressional Gold Medal in 2007.
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Ronald Bannerman Air Commodore Ronald Burns Bannerman {'1': ", '2': ", '3': ", '4': "} was a flying ace during World War I, as well as serving as a high level administrator for his native New Zealand's air force during World War II.
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Hazel Jane Raines Hazel Jane Raines (April 21, 1916 – September 4, 1956) was an American pioneer aviator and flight instructor with the Civilian Pilot Training Program. During World War II, she was part of the first group of United States women to fly military aircraft, which they did in a war zone for the civilian British Air Transport Auxiliary. She was later a member of the civilian contract labor Women Airforce Service Pilots. After the war, she taught instrument training in Brazil. When President Harry S. Truman authorized the integration of women into the military, she served with Women in the Air Force and was based in Texas, Alabama, and finally London until her death. Raines was the first woman in Georgia to earn a pilot's license, and has been inducted into both the Georgia Aviation Hall of Fame and the Georgia Women of Achievement.
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Fliegerführer Irak Flyer Command Iraq (German: Fliegerführer Irak ) was a unit of the German Air Force ("Luftwaffe") sent to Iraq in May 1941 as part of a German mission to support the regime of Rashid Ali during the Anglo-Iraqi War. The mission was part of a larger effort to gain support in the Middle East for the Axis Powers against the United Kingdom and its allies during World War II.
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The Hump The Hump was the name given by Allied pilots in the Second World War to the eastern end of the Himalayan Mountains over which they flew military transport aircraft from India to China to resupply the Chinese war effort of Chiang Kai-shek and the units of the United States Army Air Forces (AAF) based in China. Creating an airlift presented the AAF a considerable challenge in 1942: it had no units trained or equipped for moving cargo, and no airfields existed in the China Burma India Theater (CBI) for basing the large number of transports that would be needed. Flying over the Himalayas was extremely dangerous and made more difficult by a lack of reliable charts, an absence of radio navigation aids, and a dearth of information about the weather.
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Burma Campaign The Burma Campaign in the South-East Asian theatre of World War II was fought in the British colony of Burma primarily between the forces of the British Empire and China, with support from the United States, against the invading forces of Imperial Japan, Thailand, and the Indian National Army. British Empire forces peaked at around 1,000,000 land and air forces, and were drawn primarily from British India, with British Army forces (equivalent to 8 regular infantry divisions and 6 tank regiments), 100,000 East and West African colonial troops, and smaller numbers of land and air forces from several other Dominions and Colonies. The Burmese Independence Army (known to the legitimate Burmese government and the Allies as the "Burmese Traitor Army" - BTA) was trained by the Japanese and spearheaded the initial attacks against British Empire forces.
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Schlachtgeschwader 2 "Schlachtgeschwader" 2 (SG 2) "Immelmann" was a Luftwaffe Dive bomber-wing of World War II. It was named after Max Immelmann, the first German pilot to earn the Pour le Mérite.
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Airman An Airman or Aviator is a member of the air component of a nation's armed service. In the United States Air Force, it can also refer to a specific enlisted rank. More informally, it can refer to any member of an air force, or to any pilot, aviator, or aircrew, military or civilian, male or female. The equivalent in the British Royal Air Force and some other Commonwealth countries is Aircraftman/woman, and Aviator within the Royal Canadian Air Force.
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253 Air Group The 253 Air Group was a unit of the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN) during the Pacific campaign of World War II. The unit was formed on 1 November 1942 from the Kanoya Air Group and served in Rabaul and the Solomon Islands. The air group was disbanded in July 1944.
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Liaison pilot A liaison pilot was a World War II United States enlisted pilot, whose wings bore an "L" in the center. They flew light single engine liaison aircraft. Included were many enlisted aviation students who washed out of pilot training after having soloed and were given the opportunity to become liaison pilots. Flight training consisted of about 60 hours of flying time and stressed such procedures as short field landings and takeoffs over obstacles, low altitude navigation, first aid, day and night reconnaissance, aerial photography, and aircraft maintenance. Unarmored and unarmed—except perhaps for a .45 pistol or .30 carbine—these men in 28 different squadrons flew low and slow with wheels, skis, or floats. They flew varied and often hazardous missions in nearly every theater—medical evacuation from forward areas; delivering munitions, blood plasma, mail, and other supplies to front lines; ferrying personnel; flying photographic or intelligence missions; serving as air observers for fighters or bombers; and other critical yet often unpublicized missions.
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4th Air Group The 4th Air Group (第四航空隊 , Dai Yon Kōkūtai ) was a land-based bomber aircraft unit of the Imperial Japanese Navy Air Service (IJNAS) during the Pacific campaign of World War II. The unit was formed on 10 February 1942 and flew the Mitsubishi G4M "Rikko" Navy Type 1 Attack Bomber aircraft. That same month, the 4th Naval Air Group (NAG) deployed to Rabaul, New Britain and supported Japanese operations during the early stages of the New Guinea Campaign, first as part of the 24th Air Flotilla and from April as part of the 25th Air Flotilla. The newly arrived unit took heavy losses on 20 February during an action off Bougainville, losing 15 of 17 bombers sent to attack a United States Navy aircraft carrier task force.
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List of World War II aces from Germany This is a list of fighter aces in World War II from Germany. A flying ace or fighter ace is a military aviator credited with shooting down five or more enemy aircraft during aerial combat. German day and night fighter pilots claimed roughly 70,000 aerial victories during World War II, 25,000 over British or American and 45,000 over Russian flown aircraft. 103 German fighter pilots shot down more than 100 enemy aircraft for a total of roughly 15,400 aerial victories. Roughly a further 360 pilots claimed between 40 and 100 aerial victories for round about 21,000 victories. Another 500 fighter pilots claimed between 20 and 40 victories for a total of 15,000 victories. It is relatively certain that 2,500 German fighter pilots attained ace status, having achieved at least 5 aerial victories. These achievements were honored with 453 German day and "Zerstörer" (destroyer) pilots having received the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross. 85 night fighter pilots, including 14 crew members, were awarded the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross.
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Jagdgeschwader 25 Jagdgeschwader" 25 (JG 25), sometimes erroneously referred to as Jagdgruppe" 25, was a special high-altitude fighter unit that specialized in intercepting the Royal Air Force's (RAF) de Havilland Mosquito light bombers during World War II.