Both Gaetano Donizetti and Luigi Cherubini were regarded as Beethovens greatest contemporaries?
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Gaetano Donizetti Domenico Gaetano Maria Donizetti (] ; 29 November 1797 – 8 April 1848) was an Italian composer. Along with Gioachino Rossini and Vincenzo Bellini, Donizetti was a leading composer of the "bel canto" opera style during the first half of the nineteenth century. Donizetti's close association with the bel canto style was undoubtedly an influence on other composers such as Giuseppe Verdi (1813–1901).
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Luigi Cherubini Luigi Cherubini (] ; 8 or 14 September 1760 – 15 March 1842) was an Italian composer who spent most of his working life in France. His most significant compositions are operas and sacred music. Beethoven regarded Cherubini as the greatest of his contemporaries.
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Gaetano Emanuel Calì Gaetano Emanuel Calì (Catania, 1885 - Syracuse, 1936) was an Italian composer, orchestra conductor, and bandleader. He was student of Francesco Paolo Frontini, under whom he began to study classical instead of popular music.
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Carlo Blasis Carlo Blasis (4 November 1797 – 15 January 1878) was an Italian dancer, choreographer and dance theoretician. He is well known for his very rigorous dance classes, sometimes lasting four hours long. Blasis insisted that his students learn theories and definitions of dance steps. He trained all of Enrico Cecchetti's teachers and it is thought that Blasis's influence in his training is what led Cecchetti to create the Cecchetti method of ballet.
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Boris Godunov (opera) Boris Godunov (Russian: Борис Годунов , "Borís Godunóv") is an opera by Modest Mussorgsky (1839–1881). The work was composed between 1868 and 1873 in Saint Petersburg, Russia. It is Mussorgsky's only completed opera and is considered his masterpiece. Its subjects are the Russian ruler Boris Godunov, who reigned as Tsar (1598 to 1605) during the Time of Troubles, and his nemesis, the False Dmitriy (reigned 1605 to 1606). The Russian-language libretto was written by the composer, and is based on the drama "Boris Godunov" by Aleksandr Pushkin, and, in the Revised Version of 1872, on Nikolay Karamzin's "History of the Russian State".
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Therese Malfatti Baronin Therese von Droßdik, born Therese Malfatti (1 January 1792 – 27 April 1851), was an Austrian musician and a close friend of Ludwig van Beethoven. She is best known as one of the supposed dedicatees of Beethoven's famous bagatelle, "Für Elise", WoO 59.
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Sigismondo d'India Sigismondo d'India (c. 1582 – before 19 April 1629) was an Italian composer of the late Renaissance and early Baroque eras. He was one of the most accomplished contemporaries of Monteverdi, and wrote music in many of the same forms as the more famous composer.
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Ludwig Schiedermair Ludwig Ferdinand Schiedermair (7 December 1876, Regensburg – 30 April 1957, Bensberg) was a German minister and musicologist. He concerned himself with opera history, Mozart, and Beethoven. In 1914 he edited the first complete critical edition of the letters of Mozart and his family.
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Giuseppe Farinelli Giuseppe Farinelli (7 May 1769 – 12 December 1836) was an Italian composer active at the end of the 18th century and the beginning of the 19th century who excelled in writing opera buffas. Considered the successor and most successful imitator of Domenico Cimarosa, the greatest of his roughly 60 operas include "I riti d'Efeso" (1803, Venice), "La contadina bizzarra" (1810, Milan) and "Ginevra degli Almieri" (1812, Venice). More than 2/3 of his operas were produced between 1800-1810 at the height of his popularity. With the arrival of Gioachino Rossini his operas became less desirable with the public, and by 1817 his operas were no longer performed. His other compositions include 3 piano forte sonatas, 3 oratorios, 11 cantatas, 5 masses, 2 Te Deums, a Stabat mater, a Salve regina, a Tantum ergo, numerous motets, and several other sacred works.
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Francesco Dominici (operatic tenor) Francesco Dominici (1885–1968) was an Italian operatic tenor particularly admired for his acting in comedic roles. He made his professional opera debut as Fernando in Donizetti's "La favorite" at the Teatro Donizetti in Bergamo in 1914. He created the role of Prunier in the original 1917 production of Puccini's "La rondine" at the Grand Théâtre de Monte Carlo, a role which he performed at many other opera houses including the Teatro Comunale di Bologna. Over the next several years he played mostly leading roles at the Teatro Costanzi in Rome including Rodolfo in Puccini's "La Bohème", Fenton in Verdi's "Falstaff", and the Ernesto in Donizetti's "Don Pasquale". In the early 1920s he joined the roster at La Scala where he began playing more buffo roles than leading roles. In 1921, he sang the role of doctor Cajus in Verdi's Falstaff at La Scala and in 1922 was Filipeto in the company's first production of Ermanno Wolf-Ferrari's "I quattro rusteghi". In 1926 he created the role of Emperor Altoum in the original production of Puccini's "Turandot" at La Scala. In 1929 he went on tour with La Scala to Germany. Other roles that Dominici performed at La Scala include David in Wagner's "Die Meistersinger von Nürnberg", Monostatos in Mozart's "The Magic Flute", and the Neipperg in Umberto Giordano's "Madame Sans-Gêne". In 1931 he moved to Cuba, where he taught music for many years. Dominici died in Havana in 1968.
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Piano Sonata No. 3 (Beethoven) Ludwig van Beethoven's Piano Sonata No. 3 in C major, Op. 2, No. 3, is a sonata written for solo piano, composed in 1795. It is dedicated to Joseph Haydn and is often referred to as Beethoven's first virtuosic piano sonata. The three Opus 2 sonatas all contain four movements each, an unusual length which seems to show that Beethoven was aspiring towards composing a symphony. It is both the weightiest and longest of the three Opus 2 sonatas, lasting over 25 minutes, presenting many difficulties, including difficult trills, awkward hand movements, and forearm rotation. It is Beethoven's second longest piano sonata in his early period, only to Beethoven's Grand Sonata in E-flat Major, Op. 7, published a year later.
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Music of Naples Naples has played an important and vibrant role over the centuries not just in the music of Italy, but in the general history of western European musical traditions. This influence extends from the early music conservatories in the 16th century through the music of Alessandro Scarlatti during the Baroque period and the comic operas of Pergolesi, Piccinni and, eventually, Rossini and Mozart. The vitality of Neapolitan popular music from the late 19th century has made such songs as "'O Sole mio" and "Funiculì Funiculà" a permanent part of our musical consciousness.
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List of Classical-era composers This is a list of composers of the Classical music era, roughly from 1730 to 1820. Prominent composers of the Classical era include Carl Philipp Emanuel Bach, Johann Stamitz, Joseph Haydn, Johann Christian Bach, Antonio Salieri, Muzio Clementi, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart and Luigi Boccherini. Prominent composers of both the Classical and early Romantic eras include Ludwig van Beethoven and Franz Schubert.
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Giovanni Valentini (classical era composer) Giovanni Valentini (ca. 1750 – 1804) was an Italian classical era composer, poet and painter. He is best remembered for his innovative instrumental music. Among his many works are two operas, "La statua matematica" and "Le nozze in contrasto", the latter of which premiered at the Teatro San Moisè, Venice, in November 1774.
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Luigi Tomasini Luigi Tomasini (or Alois Luigi Tomasini, 22 June 1741 – 25 April 1808) was an Italian violinist and composer. He was leader of Prince Esterházy's court orchestra, which was directed by Joseph Haydn.
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Giovanni Battista Sammartini Giovanni Battista Sammartini (c. 1700 – 15 January 1775) was an Italian composer, oboist, organist, choirmaster and teacher. He counted Gluck among his students, and was highly regarded by younger composers including Johann Christian Bach. It has also been noted that many stylizations in Joseph Haydn's compositions are similar to those of Sammartini, although Haydn denied any such influence. Sammartini is especially associated with the formation of the concert symphony through both the shift from a brief opera-overture style and the introduction of a new seriousness and use of thematic development that prefigure Haydn and Mozart. Some of his works are described as "galant", a style associated with Enlightenment ideals, while "the prevailing impression left by Sammartini's work... [is that] he contributed greatly to the development of a Classical style that achieved its moment of greatest clarity precisely when his long, active life was approaching its end".
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Giambattista Varesco Father Giambattista Varesco (26 November 1735 – 25 August 1805) was a chaplain, musician, poet and (most famously) librettist to Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart. His given name variously appears as Giambattista, Gianbattista, Giovanni Battista and Girolamo Giovanni Battista. He is sometimes referred to with the Italian title "Abate" or the French "Abbé", both used for priests:
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Luigi Rossi Luigi Rossi (c. 1597 – 20 February 1653) was an Italian Baroque composer. Rossi was born in Torremaggiore, a small town near Foggia, in the ancient kingdom of Naples and at an early age he went to Naples. There he studied music with the Franco-Flemish composer Jean de Macque who was organist of the Santa Casa dell’Annunziata and "maestro di cappella" to the Spanish viceroy. Rossi later entered the service of the Caetani, dukes of Traetta.
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La Partenza "La partenza" is a 1749 canzonetta by Pietro Metastasio (1698-1782). It is among his most famous canzonettas and after being set by the poet himself was set again by many composers including Farinelli, Caffarelli, Giovanni Paisiello, Mozart, Beethoven himself and Beethoven's pupil Archduke Rudolph.
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I puritani I puritani ("The Puritans") is an opera in by Vincenzo Bellini. It was originally written in two acts and later changed to three acts on the advice of Gioachino Rossini, with whom the young composer had become friends. The music was set to a libretto by Count Carlo Pepoli, an Italian émigré poet whom Bellini had met at a salon run by the exile Princess Belgiojoso, which became a meeting place for many Italian revolutionaries.
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Gustav Mahler Gustav Mahler (] ; 7 July 1860, Kaliště, Bohemia, now Czech Republic – 18 May 1911, Vienna, Austria-Hungary) was an Austrian late-Romantic composer, and one of the leading conductors of his generation. As a composer he acted as a bridge between the 19th century Austro-German tradition and the modernism of the early 20th century. While in his lifetime his status as a conductor was established beyond question, his own music gained wide popularity only after periods of relative neglect which included a ban on its performance in much of Europe during the Nazi era. After 1945 his compositions were rediscovered and championed by a new generation of listeners; Mahler then became one of the most frequently performed and recorded of all composers, a position he has sustained into the 21st century.
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Wilhelm von Lenz Wilhelm von Lenz (born 20 May 1809 in Riga - died 7 January 1883 in Saint Petersburg) was a Baltic German Russian official and writer. Wilhelm von Lenz was a friend of many mid-century Romantic composers, including Franz Liszt, Frédéric Chopin and Hector Berlioz, Lenz's most important and influential work was an early biography of the German composer Ludwig van Beethoven, entitled "Beethoven et ses trois styles" (1855), written in response to the disparagement of Beethoven by Alexander Ulybyshev in his "Nouvelle biographie de Mozart" (1843). Lenz promoted the idea (already suggested by earlier figures such as François-Joseph Fétis) that Beethoven's musical style be divided into three characteristic periods. Lenz's periodisation, with minor changes, is still widely used today by musicologists in discussing Beethoven's compositions.