How was the Republic of Kawait formed?
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Republic of Kuwait The Republic of Kuwait was a short-lived and self-styled republic formed in the aftermath of the invasion of Kuwait by Ba'athist Iraq during the early stages of the Persian Gulf War. During the invasion, the Iraqi Revolutionary Command Council stated that it had sent troops into the State of Kuwait in order to assist an internal coup d'état initiated by "Kuwaiti revolutionaries." A Provisional Government of Free Kuwait was set up on August 4 by the Iraqi authorities under the leadership of 9 allegedly Kuwaiti military officers (4 colonels and 5 majors) led by Alaa Hussein Ali, who was given the posts of Head of State ("Rais al-Wuzara"), commander-in-chief, minister of defense and minister of the interior.
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Gulf War The Gulf War (2 August 199028 February 1991), codenamed Operation Desert Shield (2 August 199017 January 1991) for operations leading to the buildup of troops and defence of Saudi Arabia and Operation Desert Storm (17 January 199128 February 1991) in its combat phase, was a war waged by coalition forces from 35 nations led by the United States against Iraq in response to Iraq's invasion and annexation of Kuwait.
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Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic Kazakhstan (Kazakh: Қазақстан, "Qazaqstan" ), formally the Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic (Kazakh SSR or KSSR; , "Qazaq Kengestik Sotsialisttik Respublikasy"; Russian: Казахская Советская Социалистическая Республика , "Kazakhskaya Sovetskaya Sotsialisticheskaya Respublika") and the Republic of Kazakhstan, also known by its alternative name of Soviet Kazakhstan, was one of the transcontinental constituent republics of the Soviet Union from 1936-1991 in northern Central Asia. It was created on December 5, 1936 from the Kazakh ASSR, an autonomous republic of the Russian SFSR.
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Hawaii Hawaii ( ; Hawaiian: "" ] ) is the 50th and most recent state to have joined the United States of America, having received statehood on August 21, 1959. Hawaii is the only U.S. state located in Oceania and the only one composed entirely of islands. It is the northernmost island group in Polynesia, occupying most of an archipelago in the central Pacific Ocean. Hawaii is the only U.S. state located outside North America.
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First East Turkestan Republic The First Eastern Turkistan Republic (ETR), or Turkic Islamic Republic of East Turkistan (Uyghur: شەرقىي تۈركىستان ئىسلام جۇمھۇرىيىتى, Шәрқий Түркистан Ислам Җумхурийити ‎ "Sherqiy Türkistan Islam Jumhuriyiti" ), was a short-lived breakaway would-be Islamic republic founded in 1933. It was centered on the city of Kashgar in what is today the People's Republic of China-administered Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region. Although primarily the product of independence movement of the Uyghur population living there, the ETR was Turkish-ethnic in character, including Kyrgyz, and other Turkic Peoples in its government and its population.
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Kawaihae (band) Kawaihae is an island music band formed in the summer 2000 in Japan formed by Tokyo/Yokohama/Nagoya radio personality Vance K who was born and raised on the Big Island of Hawaii. Since the band formed, they have released three albums and is currently working on a 4th album slated for release in 2009. The band houses a large fanbase within Japan and Hawaii and has received the Group of the Year award at the 2004 Hawaii Music Awards.
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Republic of Zamboanga The Republic of Zamboanga, officially known as La Independiente República de Zamboanga, was a short-lived sovereign republic, founded by General Vicente Alvarez with his Zamboangueño Revolutionary Forces after the Spanish government in Zamboanga officially surrendered and turned over Real Fuerza de Nuestra Señora La Virgen del Pilar de Zaragoza to Gen. Vicente Álvarez in May 1899. On 28 May 1899, Gen. Vicente Álvarez proclaimed independence and became the first and last genuinely elected president of the republic.
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Japanese invasion of Taiwan (1895) The Japanese invasion of Taiwan () (May–October 1895) was a conflict between the Empire of Japan and the armed forces of the short-lived Republic of Formosa following the Qing Dynasty's cession of Taiwan to Japan in April 1895 at the end of the First Sino-Japanese War. The Japanese sought to take control of their new possession, while the Republican forces fought to resist Japanese occupation. The Japanese landed near Keelung on the northern coast of Taiwan on 29 May 1895, and in a five-month campaign swept southwards to Tainan. Although their advance was slowed by guerrilla activity, the Japanese defeated the Formosan forces (a mixture of regular Chinese units and local Hakka militias) whenever they attempted to make a stand. The Japanese victory at Baguashan on 27 August, the largest battle ever fought on Taiwanese soil, doomed the Formosan resistance to an early defeat. The fall of Tainan on 21 October ended organised resistance to Japanese occupation, and inaugurated five decades of Japanese rule in Taiwan.
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Zanzibar Revolution The Zanzibar Revolution occurred in 1964 and led to the overthrow of the Sultan of Zanzibar and his mainly Arab government by local African revolutionaries. Zanzibar was an ethnically diverse state consisting of a number of islands off the east coast of Tanganyika which had been granted independence by Britain in 1963. In a series of parliamentary elections preceding independence, the Arab minority succeeded in retaining the hold on power it had inherited from Zanzibar's former existence as an overseas territory of Oman. Frustrated by under-representation in Parliament despite winning 54% of the vote in the July 1963 election, the mainly African Afro-Shirazi Party (ASP) allied itself with the left-wing Umma Party, and early on the morning of 12 January 1964 ASP member John Okello mobilised around 600–800 revolutionaries on the main island of Unguja (Zanzibar Island). Having overrun the country's police force and appropriated their weaponry, the insurgents proceeded to Zanzibar Town where they overthrew the Sultan and his government. Reprisals against Arab and South Asian civilians on the island followed; the resulting death toll is disputed, with estimates ranging from several hundred to 20,000. The moderate ASP leader Abeid Karume became the country's new president and head of state, and positions of power were granted to Umma party members.
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Political history of Pakistan The political history of Pakistan (Urdu: ‎ ) is the narrative and analysis of political events, ideas, movements, and leaders of Pakistan. Pakistan gained independence from the United Kingdom on 14 August 1947, when British India was divided by the United Kingdom, in a region what is commonly referred to as the South Asia. Since its independence, Pakistan has had a colorful yet turbulent political history at times, often characterized by martial law and inefficient governments.
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State formation State formation is the process of the development of a centralized government structure in a situation where one did not exist prior to its development. State formation has been a study of many disciplines of the social sciences for a number of years, so much so that Jonathan Haas writes that "One of the favorite pastimes of social scientists over the course of the past century has been to theorize about the evolution of the world's great civilizations." The study of state formation is divided generally into either the study of early states (those that developed in stateless societies) or the study of modern states (particularly of the form that developed in Europe in the 17th century and spread around the world). Academic debate about various theories is a prominent feature in fields like Anthropology, Sociology, Economics and Political Science.
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Modern history of Fiji Since attaining independence from the United Kingdom on 10 October 1970, Fijian history has been marked by exponential economic growth up to 1987, followed by relative stagnation, caused to a large extent by political instability following two military coups in 1987 and a civilian putsch in 2000. This was followed by another military coup in 2006. Rivalry between indigenous Fijians and Indo-Fijians, rather than ideological differences, have been the most visible cleavage of Fijian politics.
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Kazakh Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic The Kazakh Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic (until 1936 Kazak Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic; Russian: Казакская Автономная Социалистическая Советская Республика , "Kazakskaya Avtonomnaya Socialisticheskaya Sovetskaya Respublika"; Kazakh: Қазақ Автономиялық Социалистік Советтік Республикасы, "Qazaq Avtonomïyalıq Sotsialïstik Sovettik Respuwblïkası", قازاق اۆتونومئيالىق سوتسىالئستىك سوۆەتتىك زەسپۋبلئكاسى ; Kazakh Uniform Turkic Alphabet: "Qazaq Aptonom Sotsijalistik Sovettik Respuʙlikasь" ) was an autonomous republic of the Soviet Union within the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR) existing from 1925 until 1936.
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Kharan (princely state) The State of Kharan (Urdu: ریاست خاران) was an autonomous princely state in a subsidiary alliance with British India, until the departure of the British from the subcontinent in August 1947. it was fully independent, until March 1948, when its ruler signed an Instrument of Accession to Pakistan, retaining the state's internal self-government. In 1955 Kharan was incorporated into Pakistan.
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Fourth Nigerian Republic The Fourth Republic is the republican government of Nigeria. Since 1999 it has governed the country according to the fourth republican constitution. It was in many ways a revival of the Second Republic, which was in place between 1979 and 1983 and suffers many of the same problems, such as multiple ministries which made policy planning difficult. Nigeria adopted the constitution of the Fourth Republic on May 29, 1999.
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Republic of Aras The Republic of Aras (Azerbaijani: "Araz Respublikası" ; also known as the Republic of Araks or the Araxi Republic) was a short-lived and unrecognized state in the South Caucasus, roughly corresponding with the territory that is now the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic of Azerbaijan. Named after the Aras River that formed its southern border, the republic was declared in December 1918 by Jafargulu Khan Nakhchivanski with support from the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic's ruling party, the Musavat Party, and the government of the Ottoman Empire.
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House of Kawānanakoa The House of Kawānanakoa, or the Kawānanakoa Dynasty, are descendants to the throne of the Kingdom of Hawaiʻi.
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Crown Colony of Malta The Crown Colony of the Island of Malta and its Dependencies (commonly known as the Crown Colony of Malta) was part of the British Empire in the present-day Republic of Malta. It was established when the Malta Protectorate was transformed into a British Crown colony in 1813, and this was confirmed by the Treaty of Paris in 1814.
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List of monarchs of Hawaii Kamehameha I established the Kingdom of Hawaii in 1795 after conquering most of the Hawaiian archipelago. In 1810, Kaumualii became a vassal of Kamehameha I, who therefore emerged as the sole sovereign of the island chain of Hawaiʻ i. His dynasty lasted until 1872, and Kingdom of Hawaii lasted until 1893, when Queen Liliuokalani, of the Kalākaua Dynasty, was deposed by a pro-United States led overthrow of the Kingdom of Hawaii. On November 23, 1993, the Congress passed , also known as the "Apology Resolution", acknowledging the American role in the overthrow of the Hawaiian monarchy. President Bill Clinton signed the joint resolution the same day.
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Olonets Government of Southern Karelia The Olonets Government of Southern Karelia was a short-lived state that existed in 1920 in South Karelia, modern-day Finland. The government formed in Olonets in May 1920, before fleeing to Finland in August the same year when its territories were captured by the Red Army. On 20 December 1920 the Olonets government merged with the Republic of Uhtua to form the Karelian United Government.
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History of Seychelles The recorded history of Seychelles dates back to the 16th century. The islands were appropriated and settled by France in the 18th century. African slaves were brought to the island, and the characteristic Seychellois Creole language developed. Britain took possession of the islands in the early 19th century. The Seychelles became an independent republic in 1976. A socialist one-party state ruled the country from 1977 to 1993. The subsequent democratic elections were won by the same socialist party.
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People's State of Reuss The People's State of Reuss (German: "Volksstaat Reuß" ) was a short-lived country in what is now Thuringia. The state was formed on 4 April 1919 after the reigning princes of the two Reuss principalities abdicated and elections were held in both states. It united with six other small states to form Thuringia, a member state of the Weimar Republic, on 1 May 1920.