Who is the prophet at the focus of the branch of Islam of which Atikah bint Yazid is a scholar?
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Atikah bint Yazid Atikah bint Yazid was an Umayyad princess. She was the daughter of Yazid I, and wife of Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan. Some called her "the scholar" cause she studied Muslim religion, especially Hadith. She was also called generous as she gave up all of her money to poor member of Abu Sufyan's Family.
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Hadith A hadith ( or ; Arabic: حديث‎ ‎ "ḥadīth" , plural: ahadith, أحاديث , "ʼaḥādīth" ) is one of various reports describing the words, actions, or habits of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. The term comes from the Arabic language and means a "report", "account" or "narrative". Unlike the Qur'an, which is the same literary work recognized by all Muslims, the ahadith is not one single same collection.
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Hakim family The Hakim family is a prominent family of Shiite Islam scholars who claim descent from the Prophet Muhammad. Their scholarly involvement has revolved around Iraq for centuries. The family faced extensive persecution and executions at the hand of Saddam Hussein's government, yet it maintains a prominent role in Iraq and the Middle East.
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Asmā' bint Abi Bakr Asmā' bint Abu Bakr (Arabic: أسماء بنت أبي بكر‎ ‎ ), c. 595 – 692 CE, was one of the companions of the Islamic prophet Muhammad.
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Abdullah ibn Mubarak ʿAbd Allāh ibn al-Mubārak (118/726-797 AH/CE; Arabic: عبد الله بن المبارك) was born during the reign of Hisham ibn Abd al-Malik. ‘Abdullah ibn Mubarak was an early, pious Muslim known for his memory and zeal for knowledge, collected hadīth (muhaddith), and was remembered for his asceticism. He earned the title "Amir al-Mu'minin fi al-Hadith". His father, named Mubarak, was Turkmanish from Khurasan and became a client (mawālī) of an Arab trader from the tribe of Banī Hanẓala in the city of Hamadhān, and his mother was said to have been from Khwārizm. Mubarak later married Hind, the trader's daughter. It is said that ‘Abdullah ibn Mubarak left his hometown of Merv, and while living in Hamadhān, went on to visit and speak often in Baghdād. Imam Ahmad said about Abdullah ibn Mubarak that there was no one more eager to travel for seeking knowledge than him. His teachers included Sufyān al-Thawrī and Abū Hanīfa. He wrote Kitāb al-Jihād, a collection of hadīth and sayings of the early Muslims on war, and Kitāb al-Zuhd wa al-Rāqa’iq, a book on asceticism. He was also known for defending Islamic borders (see Ribat) on the frontiers of Tarsus and al-Massisah, and later died at Hīt, near the Euphrates, in the year 797 CE.
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Umar Umar ( ), also spelled Omar ( ; Arabic: عمر بن الخطاب‎ , "ʿUmar ibn Al-Khaṭṭāb ", 'Umar, Son of Al-Khattab' ‎ , born c.584 CEdied 3 November 644 CE), was one of the most powerful and influential Muslim caliphs in history. He was a senior companion of the Prophet Muhammad. He succeeded Abu Bakr (632–634) as the second caliph of the Rashidun Caliphate on 23 August 634. He was an expert Muslim jurist known for his pious and just nature, which earned him the epithet Al-Farooq ("the one who distinguishes (between right and wrong)"). He is sometimes referred to as Umar I by certain historians of Islam, since a later Umayyad caliph, Umar II, also bore that name.
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Khadija bint Khuwaylid Khadijah, Khadījah bint Khuwaylid (Arabic: خديجة بنت خويلد‎ ‎ ) or Khadījah al-Kubra (Khadijah the Great) (c. 555 or 567 – 620 CE) was the first wife and follower of the Islamic Prophet (Arabic: نَـبِي‎ ‎ , Prophet) Muhammad. She is commonly regarded by Muslims as the "Mother of the Believers" (i.e., Muslims). Khadijah, is regarded as one of the most important female figures in Islam, like her daughter, Fatimah. Muhammad was monogamously married to her for 25 years. After the death of Khadijah, Muhammad was later married in polygyny.
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Noorbakshia Islam Noorbakhshia Islam, also called "Sufia Noorbakhshia", is one of the Sufi sects of Islam. Its direct spiritual lineage and chain (silsila) is traced back to the Islamic prophet Muhammad, through Ali, Muhammad's cousin, son-in-law and the First Imam, by Imam Ali Al-Ridha. In contrast, most other Sufi paths trace their lineage only through Ali.
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Murtada Sharif 'Askari Sayyid Murtada Sharif 'Askari (Persian: سید مرتضی شریف عسکری‎ ‎ ; 4 May 1914 – 16 September 2007), known as Allamah 'Askari, was a Shiite scholar and a neo-religious thinker. He took a scholarly approach to the history of Islam. "150 So-Called Companions", "Recourse to the Prophet and Consecration to his Relict", and "Abdullah ibn Saba and Other Historical Legends" are some of his more significant books.
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Bay'ah Bayʿah (Arabic: بَيْعَة‎ ‎ , literally a "sale" or a "commercial transaction"), in Islamic terminology, is an oath of allegiance to a leader. It is known to have been practiced by the Islamic prophet Muhammad. "Bayʿah" is sometimes taken under a written pact given on behalf of the subjects by leading members of the tribe with the understanding that as long as the leader abides by certain requirements towards his people, they are to maintain their allegiance to him. "Bayʿah" is still practiced in countries such as Saudi Arabia and Sudan. In Morocco, "bayʿah" is one of the foundations of the monarchy. In many Islamic traditions, the meaning is to dedicate oneself to a spiritual master, pir or sheikh in exchange for the spiritual knowledge he gives.
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Prophetic medicine Prophetic medicine (Arabic: الطب النبوي‎ ‎ , "'Al-Tibb al-nabawī ") refers to the actions and words ("hadith") specifically of the Islamic prophet Muhammad with regards to sickness, treatment and hygiene, and the genre of writings undertaken primarily by non-physician scholars to collect and explicate these traditions. It is distinct from Islamic medicine, in that the latter is a broader category encompassing a variety of medical practices rooted in Greek natural philosophy. Prophetic medical traditions exhort humans to not simply stop at following Muhammad's teachings, but encourage them to search for cures as well. The literature of prophetic medicine thus occupies a symbolic role in the elucidation of Islamic identity as constituted by a particular set of relationships to science, medicine, technology and nature. There has historically been a tension in the understanding of the medical narratives: are they of the same nature as Muhammad’s religious pronouncements, or are they time-sensitive, culturally situated, and thus not representative of a set of eternal medical truths? This body of knowledge was fully articulated only in the 14th century, at which point it was concerned with reconciling "Sunnah" (traditions) with the foundations of the Galenic humoral theory that was prevalent at the time in the medical institutions of the Islamicate world. It is nonetheless a tradition with continued modern-day currency, as suggested by the online presence of resources on the genre.
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Ba 'Alawi sada The Ba 'Alawi sadah or Sadah Ba 'Alawi () are a group of Hadhrami Sayyid families and social group originating in Hadhramaut in the southwest corner of the Arabian Peninsula. They trace their lineage to al-Imam Ahmad al-Muhajir bin Isa ar-Rumi born in 873 (260H), who emigrated from Basra to Hadhramaut in 931 (320H) to avoid sectarian violence, including the invasion of the Qaramite forces into the Abbasid Caliphate. Ja'far was a direct descendant of the daughter of Muhammad, the prophet of Islam.
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Twelver Twelver (Arabic: اثنا عشرية‎ ‎ , Athnā‘ashariyyah or Ithnā‘ashariyyah; Persian: شیعه دوازده امامی‎ ‎ , ] ) or Imamiyyah (Arabic: إمامية‎ ‎ ) is the largest branch of Shia Islam. Twelver belief is based on the Quran and the message of the Islamic Prophet Muhammad attested in hadith, and on hadith taught by their Imams. The term "Twelver" refers to its adherents' belief in twelve divinely ordained leaders, known as the Twelve Imams, and their belief that the last Imam, Muhammad al-Mahdi, lives in occultation and will reappear as the promised Mahdi. According to Shia tradition, the Mahdi's tenure will coincide with the Second Coming of Jesus Christ ("Isa"), who is to assist the "Mahdi" against the "Masih ad-Dajjal" (literally, the "false Messiah" or Antichrist).
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Fatima al-Fudayliya Fatima bint Hamad al-Fudayliyya, also known as Al-Shaykha al-Fudayliyya (died 1831) was an 18th- 19th century Muslim scholar of hadith and jurist. She is considered one of the last scholars in a long line of female muhaddith.
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Sunni Islam Sunni Islam ( or ) is the largest denomination of Islam. Its name comes from the word Sunnah, referring to the exemplary behaviour of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. The differences between Sunni and Shia Muslims arose from a disagreement over the choice of Muhammad's successor and subsequently acquired broader political significance, as well as theological and juridical dimensions.
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Batiniyya Batiniyya (Arabic: باطنية‎ , "Bāṭiniyyah " ‎ ) refers to groups that distinguish between an outer, exoteric ("zāhir") and an inner, esoteric ("bāṭin") meaning in Islamic scriptures. The term has been used in particular for an allegoristic type of scriptural interpretation developed among some Shia groups, stressing the "bāṭin" meaning of texts. It has been retained by all branches of Isma'ilism and its Druze offshoots. The Alawites practice a similar system of interpretation. Sunni writers have subsequently used the term polemically in reference to rejection of the evident meaning of scripture in favor of its "bāṭin" meaning. Al-Ghazali, a medieval Sunni theologian, used the term "batiniyya" pejoratively for the adherents of Isma'ilism. Some Shia writers have also used the term polemically. Besides, they'd called Hassan-i Sabbah and Nur al-Din Muhammad II as the head of the Hukumat-ee Malāāhedah-ee Bāṭiniyyah.
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Ammar ibn Yasir ʻAmmār ibn Yāsir ibn ʿĀmir ibn Mālik Abū al-Yaqzān (Arabic: عمار بن یاسر‎ ‎ ) was one of the Muhajirun in the history of Islam and, for his dedicated devotion to Islam's cause, is considered to be one of the most loyal and beloved companions of Muhammad and ‘Ali; thus, he occupies a position of the highest prominence in Islam. Historically, Ammar ibn Yasir is the first Muslim to build a mosque. He is also referred to by Shia Muslims as one of the Four Companions. Ammar's ultimate fate was unique than the fate of the rest of Mohammad's companions, for his martyrdom in the battle of Siffin decisively distinguished the righteous group from the sinful one in the First Fitna.
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Zayd al-Khayr Zayd al-Khayr was a noted, significant companion of Muhammad, the prophet of Islam. Hailing from the tribe of Tayy in northern Nejd. He was originally known as Zayd al-Khayl ("Zayd of the Steeds", a reference to his chivalry), but after becoming Muslim, Muhammad renamed him Zayd al-Khayr ("Zayd of Goodness" or "of Bounty").
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Sa`d ibn Abi Waqqas Saʿd ibn Abī Waqqās (Arabic: سعد بن أبي وقاص‎ ‎ ) was of the companions of the Islamic prophet. Sa'd was the seventeenth person to embrace Islam at the age of seventeen. He is mainly known for his commandership in the conquest of Persia in 636, governorship over it, and diplomatic sojourns to China in 651.
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Muhammad ibn al Uthaymeen Abu 'Abd Allah Muhammad ibn Saalih ibn Muhammad ibn Sulayman ibn Abd Al Rahman Al Uthaymeen Al Tamimi (Arabic: أبو عبد الله محمد بن صالح بن محمد بن سليمان بن عبد الرحمن العثيمين التميمي) (March 9, 1925 – January 10, 2001) was a Sunni scholar of Saudi Arabia who was considered "a giant within conservative Salafi Islam".
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Hashmi Hashmi (Arabic: هَاشِمِي‎ ‎ , Urdu: ‎ , Bengali: হাশমী , Hindi: हाशमी ) is a surname, referring descent from the Banu Hashim clan of Quraish with a unique maternal bloodline of Israelite ancestry through Salma bint Amr of Banu Najjar. This makes Banu Hashim both an Ishmaelites and Israelites tribe. The Islamic Prophet, Muhammad was a member of this Arab tribe; his great-grandfather was Hashim ibn Abd Manaf, for whom the tribe is named. Members of this clan are referred to as Hashemites. It can also be transliterated as "(Al) Hashemi" and "(Al) Hashimi" , Hashemites , Hashemites (disambiguation).
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Aqidah Aqidah (Arabic: عقيدة‎ , "ʿaqīdah " ‎ , plural عقائد , "ʿaqāʾid", also spelled aqeeda or ʿaqīda) is an Islamic term meaning "creed." Many schools of Islamic theology expressing different views on aqidah exist. Any religious belief system, or creed, can be considered an example of aqidah. However, this term has taken a significant technical usage in Muslim history and theology, denoting those matters over which Muslims hold conviction. It is a branch of Islamic studies describing the beliefs of Islam.