What year was the online newsletter that introduced the Cook Partisan Voting Index founded?
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Cook Partisan Voting Index The Cook Partisan Voting Index, also called PVI, is a measurement of how strongly a United States congressional district or state leans toward the Democratic or Republican Party, compared to the nation as a whole. "The Cook Political Report" introduced the PVI in August 1997 to better gauge the competitiveness of each district using the 1992 and 1996 presidential elections as a baseline. The index is based on analysis by the Center for Voting and Democracy (now FairVote) for its July 1997 "Monopoly Politics" report.
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The Cook Political Report The Cook Political Report is an independent, non-partisan online newsletter that analyzes elections and campaigns for the United States House of Representatives, the United States Senate, Governor's offices and the American Presidency. It was founded by political analyst Charlie Cook in 1984. Coverage of Senate and Gubernatorial races is headed up by Senior Editor Jennifer Duffy and coverage of House races is led by David Wasserman. Amy Walter serves as national editor.
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The Bulletin (newspaper) The Bulletin (2004–2009) was a conservative newspaper that served the Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, metropolitan area of the United States. It was founded in 2004 as a modern iteration of the Philadelphia Bulletin (1847–1982).
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Boardwatch Boardwatch Magazine, informally known as "Boardwatch", was initially published and edited by Jack Rickard. Founded in 1987, it began as a publication for the online Bulletin Board Systems of the 1980s and 1990s and ultimately evolved into a trade magazine for the Internet service provider (ISP) industry in the late 1990s. The magazine was based in Lakewood, Colorado, and was published monthly.
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Public Accounting Report Public Accounting Report is a monthly eight-page newsletter that covers competitive intelligence and the business side of the public accounting profession.
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Spirit Journal The Spirit Journal: The Independent Guide to Distilled Spirits, Beer, and Fortified Wines, established in 1984, is a quarterly newsletter published in the United States that presents information about alcoholic beverages.
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The Brown Spectator The Brown Spectator is a student-run journal of conservative and libertarian political writing at Brown University. It was originally the product of a student independent project. It was first published in 1984 "as a two-page offering of student writing on brightly colored paper".
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The American Voter The American Voter, published in 1960, is a seminal study of voting behavior in the United States, authored by Angus Campbell, Philip Converse, Warren Miller, and Donald Stokes, colleagues at the University of Michigan. Among its controversial conclusions, based on one of the first comprehensive studies of election survey data (what eventually became the National Election Studies), is that most voters cast their ballots primarily on the basis of partisan identification (which is often simply inherited from their parents), and that independent voters are actually the least involved in and attentive to politics. This theory of voter choice became known as the Michigan Model. It was later extended to the United Kingdom by David Butler and Donald Stokes in "Political change in Britain".
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Political Communication (journal) Political Communication is a quarterly American scholarly journal covering political communication topics, published jointly by the American Political Science Association and the International Communication Association via Routledge.
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Political Wire Political Wire is a political blog based in the United States. It was founded in 1999 and published by Taegan Goddard , a former policy adviser to Democratic U.S. Senator Donald Riegle and Republican Governor Lowell Weicker, and the co-author of the political management book, "You Won - Now What?"
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Bottom Line Inc. Bottom Line Inc. (formerly Boardroom, Inc.) is an American newsletter publishing company. It was founded in 1972 by Martin Edelston, who served as the company's chairman until his death on Oct 2 2013. The company is a member of the Direct Marketing Association. The company, doing business as Bottom Line Publications, publishes the following newsletters in print:
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The Hotline The Hotline is a daily political briefing published, alongside "National Journal", by Atlantic Media from its headquarters at The Watergate complex in Washington, D.C.. It is currently edited by Scott Bland. "The Hotline" was founded by Doug Bailey and Roger Craver in 1987, and published independently until its acquisition in 1996 by National Journal Group, now a subsidiary of Atlantic Media.
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The National Interest The National Interest (TNI) is an American bimonthly international affairs magazine published by the Center for the National Interest. It is associated with the realist school of foreign policy thought. It was founded in 1985 by Irving Kristol and until 2001 was edited by Anglo-Australian Owen Harries. "The National Interest" is not restricted in content to "foreign policy" in the narrow, technical sense but attempts to pay attention to broad ideas and the way in which cultural and social differences, technological innovations, history, and religion impact the behavior of states.
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The State Journal-Register The State Journal-Register is the only local daily newspaper for Springfield, Illinois and its surrounding area. It was founded in 1831 as the "Sangamo Journal" by William Bailhache and Edward Baker, and claims to be "the oldest newspaper in Illinois." As such, it and its editor, Edward L. Baker, supported the political career of the Springfield-based Abraham Lincoln in the years before the American Civil War; in fact, it was in the "Journal's" office that Lincoln and his friends waited for the telegraphic news from Chicago to find out who would be the Republican presidential nominee in 1860.Later in publication, the name was changed to "Illinois State Journal."
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Video the Vote Video the Vote is a nonpartisan grassroots organization launched in 2006 to document problems at the U.S. polls on election day. Video the Vote ensures timely, complete, and accurate reporting of voter suppression and election irregularities by organizing citizen journalists to document elections in their communities.
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Anthony Watts (blogger) Willard Anthony Watts (born 1958) is an American blogger who runs "Watts Up With That?", a popular climate change denial blog that opposes the scientific consensus on climate change. A former television meteorologist and current radio meteorologist, he is also founder of the "Surface Stations project", a volunteer initiative to document the condition of U.S. weather stations. The Heartland Institute helped fund some of Watts' projects, including publishing a report on the Surface Stations project, and has invited him to be a paid speaker at the International Conference on Climate Change from 2008 to 2014.
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Dow Jones Industrial Average The Dow Jones Industrial Average , also called DJIA, the Industrial Average, the Dow Jones, the Dow Jones Industrial, ^DJI, the Dow 30 or simply the Dow, is a stock market index, and one of several indices created by "Wall Street Journal" editor and Dow Jones & Company co-founder Charles Dow. The industrial average was first calculated on May 26, 1896. Currently owned by S&P Dow Jones Indices, which is majority owned by S&P Global, it is the most notable of the Dow Averages, of which the first (non-industrial) was originally published on February 16, 1885. The averages are named after Dow and one of his business associates, statistician Edward Jones. It is an index that shows how 30 large publicly owned companies based in the United States have traded during a standard trading session in the stock market. It is the second-oldest U.S. market index after the Dow Jones Transportation Average, which was also created by Dow.
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David Cornsilk David Cornsilk (Cherokee Nation and United Keetoowah Band of Cherokee Indians) is a professional genealogist and the managing editor of the "Cherokee Observer", an online news website founded in 1992. He is also the founder of the grassroots Cherokee National Party in the 1990s, seeking to create an alternate movement that promoted the Nation as a political entity. Cornsilk has worked for the Nation as a tribal enrollment research analyst and for the Bureau of Indian Affairs as a genealogical researcher. He also has his own genealogical firm.
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Business and Professional Communication Quarterly Business and Professional Communication Quarterly is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal in the field of management. The editor-in-chief is Melinda Knight (Montclair State University). It was established in 1969 as "Business Communication Quarterly", obtaining its current title in 2014, and is published by Sage Publications in association with the Association for Business Communication.
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Current (newspaper) Current is an American trade journal that covers public broadcasting in the United States. It is described by the Public Broadcasting Service (PBS) as "The most widely read periodical in the field". It is published by "Current LLC" in Takoma Park, Maryland The newspaper, founded in 1980, was one of the last creations of the National Association of Educational Broadcasters, an association of noncommercial broadcasters dating back to 1925, whose members were leaders in founding the PBS and National Public Radio. After the bankrupted NAEB closed in 1981, "Current" resumed publication in 1982 as an independent journalistic service of the public television station WNET. WNET.org sold "Current" to American University School of Communication in 2010. The official publishing entity is Current LLC.
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Free &amp; Equal Elections Foundation The Free & Equal Elections Foundation (Free & Equal) is a 501(c)(3) non-profit, non-partisan, grassroots organization in the United States, the mission of which is to empower American voters through education and advocacy of electoral reforms. Free & Equal was first organized in 1982 as the Foundation for Free Campaigns and Elections, before being formally reorganized in 2008 by Christina Tobin, an American activist and leader in the election reform and voters' rights movement.
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The Political Quarterly The Political Quarterly is a British political journal founded in 1930 by Leonard Woolf, the husband of Virginia Woolf. It is broadly centre-left in outlook, but has published articles by a wide range of political thinkers including William Beveridge, Samuel Brittan, Ernest Gellner, Richard Hoggart, John Maynard Keynes, Arthur Koestler, Harold Laski, Benito Mussolini, Bertrand Russell, Leon Trotsky and Raymond Williams. The first issue stated that: