transposons definition
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Transposon Transposon. Definition. noun, plural: transposons. A small segment of DNA that is capable of replicating and inserting copies of DNA at random sites in the same or a different chromosome.Supplement.Transposons are DNA segments that are mobile.They can replicate and insert copies at sites within the same or a different chromosome. They can therefore alter the genetic constitution of an organism. Transposons have two types according to the genes they code for: (1) simple transposons and (2) complex transposons.ransposons are DNA segments that are mobile. They can replicate and insert copies at sites within the same or a different chromosome. They can therefore alter the genetic constitution of an organism. Transposons have two types according to the genes they code for: (1) simple transposons and (2) complex transposons.
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Transgene From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. A transgene is a gene or genetic material that has been transferred naturally, or by any of a number of genetic engineering techniques from one organism to another. The introduction of a transgene has the potential to change the phenotype of an organism. In its most precise usage, the term transgene describes a segment of DNA containing a gene sequence that has been isolated from one organism and is introduced into a different organism.
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Transduction (genetics) More generally, transduction is the process by which genetic material, e.g. DNA or siRNA, is inserted into a cell by a virus. Common techniques in molecular biology are the use of viral vectors (including bacteriophages), electroporation, or chemical reagents that increase cell permeability.eneralized transduction is the process by which any bacterial gene may be transferred to another bacterium via a bacteriophage, and typically carries only bacterial DNA and no viral DNA.
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transpiration Definition of transpiration. : the act or process or an instance of transpiring; especially : the passage of watery vapor from a living body (as of a plant) through a membrane or pores.
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- Trans- definition, a prefix occurring in loanwords from Latin (transcend; transfix); on this model, used with the meanings “across,” “beyond,” “through,” “changing thoroughly,” “transverse,” in combination with elements of any origin: transisthmian; trans-Siberian; transempirical; transvalue. See more.
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- Signal transduction. Signal transduction is the process by which the signal provided by the first messenger (i.e., the growth factor or other signaling molecule) is translated into an intracellular response. From: Human Embryology and Developmental Biology (Fifth Edition), 2014. Related terms: G protein-coupled receptor; Insulin; Kinase; Phosphorylation
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DNA Transposons: Nature and Applications in Genomics DNA transposons (Class II) generally move by a cut-and-paste mechanism in which the transposon is excised from one location and reintegrated elsewhere. Most DNA transposons move through a non-replicative mechanism, although there are exceptions (see below).
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invert reverse is the most general term and may imply change in order, side, direction, meaning. transpose implies a change in order or relative position of units often through exchange of position. invert applies chiefly to turning upside down or inside out.
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Transduction (genetics) Transduction (genetics) Transduction is the process by which foreign DNA is introduced into a cell by a virus or viral vector. An example is the viral transfer of DNA from one bacterium to another. Transduction does not require physical contact between the cell donating the DNA and the cell receiving the DNA (which occurs in conjugation), and it is DNase resistant (transformation is susceptible to DNase).
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- Medical Definition of TRANSDUCTION. 1. : the action or process of converting something and especially energy or a message into another form. 2. : the transfer of genetic material from one organism (as a bacterium) to another by a genetic vector and especially a bacteriophage—compare transformation 2.
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How to Use the Perceived Exertion Scale During Your Workout How Borg RPE Reflects Heart Rate. You may wonder why the Borg RPE scale starts at 6 and goes to 20. This is because it is designed to give you a fairly good estimate of your actual heart rate during activity. To do this, multiply your RPE by 10 to get an estimated heart rate. For example, if your RPE is 12, then 12 x 10 = 120 beats per minute. This scale was designed for the average healthy adult.
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- Definition of transmute. transmuted. ; transmuting. transitive verb. 1 : to change or alter in form, appearance, or nature and especially to a higher form. 2 : to subject (something, such as an element) to transmutation. intransitive verb.
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- transposable element. noun. : a segment of genetic material that is capable of changing its location in the genome or that in some bacteria is capable of undergoing transfer between an extrachromosomal plasmid and a chromosome—called also transposable genetic element.efinition of TRANSPOSABLE ELEMENT. : a segment of genetic material that is capable of changing its location in the genome or in some bacteria of undergoing transfer between an extrachromosomal plasmid and a chromosome. ADVERTISEMENT. noun.
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Postposition (grammar) Updated April 03, 2017. Postposition is a word that shows the relation of a noun or pronoun to some other word in a sentence. A postposition is similar in function to a preposition, but it follows rather than precedes the object. It's generally accepted that the only common postposition in English is the word ago. Together, prepositions and postpositions are called adpositions.
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- Signal transduction: A basic process in molecular cell biology involving the conversion of a signal from outside the cell to a functional change within the cell.ignal transduction: A basic process in molecular cell biology involving the conversion of a signal from outside the cell to a functional change within the cell.
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- : a segment of genetic material that is capable of changing its location in the genome or that in some bacteria is capable of undergoing transfer between an extrachromosomal plasmid and a chromosome—called also transposable genetic element.efinition of TRANSPOSABLE ELEMENT. : a segment of genetic material that is capable of changing its location in the genome or in some bacteria of undergoing transfer between an extrachromosomal plasmid and a chromosome. ADVERTISEMENT. noun.
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Transposon Definition noun, plural: transposons A small segment of DNA that is capable of replicating and inserting copies of DNA at random sites in the same or a different chromosome
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TRANSPOSE • TRANSPOSE (noun). The noun TRANSPOSE has 1 sense: 1. a matrix formed by interchanging the rows and columns of a given matrix. Familiarity information: TRANSPOSE used as a noun is very rare.
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Transposable element A bacterial DNA transposon. A transposable element (TE or transposon) is a DNA sequence that can change its position within the genome, sometimes creating or reversing mutations and altering the cell's genome size.Transposition often results in duplication of the TE.ransposable elements (TEs) represent one of several types of mobile genetic elements. TEs are assigned to one of two classes according to their mechanism of transposition, which can be described as either copy and paste (class I TEs) or cut and paste (class II TEs).
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Transfection In animal cells, transfection is the preferred term as transformation is also used to refer to progression to a cancerous state (carcinogenesis) in these cells. Transduction is often used to describe virus-mediated gene transfer into eukaryotic cells. The word transfection is a blend of trans- and infection. Genetic material (such as supercoiled plasmid DNA or siRNA constructs), or even proteins such as antibodies, may be transfected. Transfection of animal cells typically involves opening transient pores or holes in the cell membrane to allow the uptake of material.
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Bacterial Transduction: Definition, Process & Advantages Viruses that infect bacteria are called bacteriophages, which literally translates to 'bacteria-eater.' Sometimes, instead of just infecting and hijacking the host, the virus picks up and transfers some of the host cell's DNA. This process is transduction.
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transpiration transpiration - the passage of gases through fine tubes because of differences in pressure or temperature. 1  natural action, natural process, action, activity - a process existing in or produced by nature (rather than by the intent of human beings); the action of natural forces; volcanic activity.
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- Definition of TRANSPOSON. : a transposable element especially when it contains genetic material controlling functions other than those related to its relocation.ADVERTISEMENT. transpose + 2-on.First Known Use: 1974. a transposable element especially when it contains genetic material controlling functions other than those related to its relocation. ADVERTISEMENT.
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anticodon transduction. (1) A type of horizontal gene transfer in which phages (viruses) carry bacterial DNA from one host cell to another. (2) In cellular communication, the conversion of a signal from outside the cell to a form that can bring about a specific cellular response.
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- 1 Class II transposons. 2  These consist of DNA that moves directly from place to place. 3  Class I transposons. 4  These are retrotransposons that. 5  first transcribe the DNA into RNA and then. 6  use reverse transcriptase to make a DNA copy of the RNA to insert in a new location.hese mobile segments of DNA are sometimes called jumping genes . 1  Class II transposons. 2  These consist of DNA that moves directly from place to place. 3  Class I transposons.
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Transfection (molecular biology) The process of deliberate introduction of nucleic acids into a recipient eukaryotic cell. Supplement. Transfection is a process in which molecules such as DNA, RNA, oligonucleotides, and proteins are introduced into the recipient cell, integrating into the chromosomal DNA of the recipient cell. Transfection differs from transduction in a way that DNA transfer can be mediated by non-viral methods in transfection.