definition of dna polymerase
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polymerase Noun. 1. polymerase-an enzyme that catalyzes the formation of new DNA and RNA from an existing strand of DNA or RNA. enzyme-any of several complex proteins that are produced by cells and act as catalysts in specific biochemical reactions. DNA polymerase-the enzyme responsible for DNA replication.
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Definitions &Translations RNA polymerase. RNA polymerase, also known as DNA-dependent RNA polymerase, is an enzyme that produces RNA. In cells, RNAP is necessary for constructing RNA chains using DNA genes as templates, a process called transcription.RNA polymerase enzymes are essential to life and are found in all organisms and many viruses.NA polymerase. RNA polymerase, also known as DNA-dependent RNA polymerase, is an enzyme that produces RNA. In cells, RNAP is necessary for constructing RNA chains using DNA genes as templates, a process called transcription.
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PCR - a type of enzyme that synthesizes new strands of DNA complementary to the target sequence. The first and most commonly used of these enzymes isTaqDNA polymerase (fromThermis aquaticus), whereasPfuDNA polymerase (fromPyrococcus furiosus) is used widely because of its higher fidelity when copying DNA.
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Biology Comp Final 2 DNA Polymerase. The enzyme that catalyzes DNA replication is DNA Polymerase. Don't confuse this with any other enzyme (meaning RNA polymerase-DNA polymerase is used to replicate DNA when the cell is undergoing mitosis or meiosis, RNA polymerase catalyzes transcription).
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transcriptase transcriptase. RNA polymerase; an enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis (polymerization) of RNA from ribonucleoside triphosphates, with DNA serving as a template. reverse transcriptase. RNA-directed DNA polymerase; an enzyme of retroviruses and hepadnaviruses that catalyzes the transcription of RNA to DNA.
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- From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. DNA Polymerase I (or Pol I) is an enzyme that participates in the process of DNA replication. Discovered by Arthur Kornberg in 1956, it was the first known DNA polymerase (and, indeed, the first known of any kind of polymerase).It was initially characterized in E. coli and is ubiquitous in prokaryotes.rom Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. DNA Polymerase I (or Pol I) is an enzyme that participates in the process of DNA replication. Discovered by Arthur Kornberg in 1956, it was the first known DNA polymerase (and, indeed, the first known of any kind of polymerase).
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- DNA polymerase is the enzyme that joins nucleotides together to make a new DNA strand. Other proteins separate the original DNA strands, but DNA polymerase makes new DNA.
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RNA polymerase n. A polymerase that catalyzes the synthesis of a complementary strand of RNA from a DNA template, or, in some viruses, from an RNA template. polymerase that catalyzes the synthesis of a complementary strand of RNA from a DNA template, or, in some viruses, from an RNA template.
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- RNA polymerase is an enzyme that is responsible for copying a DNA sequence into an RNA sequence, duyring the process of transcription.nzyme | transcription | polymerase chain reaction | DNA | RNA | DNA polymerase | replication | transcription factor | chromosome | phosphate backbone | nucleic acid | poly-A tail | primer | primase | TATA box | ATP | promoter | DNA sequencing | mRNA.
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- DNA Polymerase I (or Pol I) is an enzyme that participates in the process of DNA replication. Discovered by Arthur Kornberg in 1956, it was the first known DNA polymerase (and, indeed, the first known of any kind of polymerase). It was initially characterized in E. coli and is ubiquitous in prokaryotes. A 3'→5' (reverse) exonuclease activity that mediates proofreading. 2  A 5'→3' (forward) exonuclease activity mediating nick translation during DNA repair. 3  A 5'→3' (forward) RNA-Dependent DNA polymerase activity.
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- The DNA polymerases are enzymes that create DNA molecules by assembling nucleotides, the building blocks of DNA. These enzymes are essential to DNA replication and usually work in pairs to create two identical DNA strands from a single original DNA molecule.
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PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) Definition of PCR (polymerase chain reaction) 1  Quiz: What Causes Tooth Decay?  PCR (polymerase chain reaction): PCR (polymerase chain reaction) is a technique in molecular genetics that permits the analysis of any short sequence of DNA (or RNA) even in samples containing only minute quantities of DNA or RNA. PCR is used to reproduce (amplify) selected sections of DNA or RNA for analysis.
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RNA polymerase RNA polymerase n. A polymerase that catalyzes the synthesis of RNA from a DNA or RNA template. RNA polymerase. A polymerase that catalyzes the synthesis of a complementary strand of RNA from a DNA template, or, in some viruses, from an RNA template.
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DNA polymerase The main function of DNA polymerase is to synthesize DNA from deoxyribonucleotides, the building blocks of DNA. The DNA copies are created by the pairing of nucleotides to bases present on each strand of the original DNA molecule.
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- Compare RNA-dependent RNA polymerase. RNA polymerase (RNAP or RNApol), also known as DNA-dependent RNA polymerase, is an enzyme that produces primary transcript RNA. In cells, RNAP is necessary for constructing RNA chains using DNA genes as templates, a process called transcription.
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Definitions &Translations .In molecular biology, the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a technique to amplify a single or few copies of a piece of DNA across several orders of magnitude, generating thousands to millions of copies of a particular DNA sequence.
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DNA polymerase Prokaryotic Family A polymerases include the DNA polymerase I (Pol I) enzyme, which is encoded by the polA gene and ubiquitous among prokaryotes. This repair polymerase is involved in excision repair with 3'-5' and 5'-3' exonuclease activity and processing of Okazaki fragments generated during lagging strand synthesis.hen an incorrect base pair is recognized, DNA polymerase moves backwards by one base pair of DNA. The 3'-5' exonuclease activity of the enzyme allows the incorrect base pair to be excised (this activity is known as proofreading).
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- RNA-dependent DNA polymerase. Definition'. noun. A DNA polymerase enzyme that catalyzes the process of reverse transcription. Supplement. This enzyme makes use of RNA molecule as a template for the synthesis of a complementary DNA strand.It is produced by HIV and other retroviruses in order for them to synthesize DNA from their viral RNA.NA-dependent DNA polymerase. Definition'. noun. A DNA polymerase enzyme that catalyzes the process of reverse transcription. Supplement. This enzyme makes use of RNA molecule as a template for the synthesis of a complementary DNA strand.
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polymerase Medical Definition of POLYMERASE. : any of several enzymes that catalyze the formation of DNA or RNA from precursor substances in the presence of preexisting DNA or RNA acting as a template.
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Polymerase chain reaction Polymerase chain reaction. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a technique used in molecular biology to amplify a single copy or a few copies of a segment of DNA across several orders of magnitude, generating thousands to millions of copies of a particular DNA sequence.
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- Jul 13, 2015. The DNA polymerases are enzymes that create DNA molecules by assembling nucleotides, the building blocks of DNA. These enzymes are essential to DNA replication and usually work in pairs to create two identical DNA strands from a single original DNA molecule. DNA polymerase “reads” the existing DNA strands to create two new strands that match the existing ones.
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RNA polymerase RNA polymerase is an enzyme that is responsible for copying a DNA sequence into an RNA sequence, duyring the process of transcription.NA polymerase (green) synthesizes RNA by following a strand of DNA.
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What are the differences in function of DNA polymerase and RNA polymerase? A polymerase is an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of free nucleotides into a single strand.   DNA polymerase differs from RNA polymerase in two major respects:   * … Like all enzymes, DNA polymerase is substrate-specific. polymerase is an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of free nucleotides into a single strand.   DNA polymerase differs from RNA polymerase in two major respects:   * … Like all enzymes, DNA polymerase is substrate-specific.
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How does DNA polymerase work? The DNA polymerases are enzymes that create DNA molecules by assembling nucleotides, the building blocks of DNA. These enzymes are essential to DNA replication and usually work in pairs to create two identical DNA strands from a single original DNA molecule.ence, DNA polymerase moves along the template strand in a 3'-5' direction, and the daughter strand is formed in a 5'-3' direction. This difference enables the resultant double-strand DNA formed to be composed of two DNA strands that are antiparallel to each other.
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What is DNA Polymerase? The DNA polymerases are enzymes that create DNA molecules by assembling nucleotides, the building blocks of DNA. These enzymes are essential to DNA replication and usually work in pairs to create two identical DNA strands from one original DNA molecule. During this process, DNA polymerase “reads” the existing DNA strands to create two new strands that match the existing ones.
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Structural Biochemistry/Nucleic Acid/DNA/Replication Process/DNA Polymerase DNA polymerase is an enzyme. This enzyme synthesizes a new DNA strand from an old DNA template and also works to repair the DNA in order to avoid mutations. DNA polymerase catalyzes the formation of the phosphodiester bond which makes up the backbone of DNA molecules.