what causes not enough blood flow to the top half of the heart
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Overview Angina is caused by reduced blood flow to your heart muscle. Your blood carries oxygen, which your heart muscle needs to survive. When your heart muscle isn't getting enough oxygen, it causes a condition called ischemia. The most common cause of reduced blood flow to your heart muscle is coronary artery disease (CAD). Your heart (coronary) arteries can become narrowed by deposits called plaques. This is called atherosclerosis. This reduced blood flow is a supply problem — your heart is not getting enough oxygen-rich blood. You may wonder why you don't always have angina if your heart arteries are narrowed due to fatty buildup.
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Syncope and Its Causes These include: 1  Heart valve disease that produces stenosis, especially aortic stenosis and mitral stenosis. 2  Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, which, in some cases, can reduce the flow of blood across the aortic valve. 3  An obstruction in a major blood vessel near the heart (such as a massive pulmonary embolus)
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Mitral valve regurgitation The valve between the 2 chambers on the left side of your heart is called the mitral valve. When the mitral valve doesn't close all the way, blood flows backward into the upper heart chamber (atrium) from the lower chamber as it contracts. This cuts down on the amount of blood that flows to the rest of the body.
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Coronary circulation This is because blockage of one coronary artery generally results in death of the heart tissue due to lack of sufficient blood supply from the other branch. When two arteries or their branches join, the area of the myocardium receives dual blood supply.
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Right heart failure Right heart failure: Introduction. Failure of the right side of the heart to pump blood efficiently which causes the blood to back up and produce congestion. It can be caused by conditions such as pulmonary hypertension, heart valve disease and is frequently associated with coronary artery disease. Any type of heart failure is a serious medical condition.
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Heart Failure Heart failure occurs when the heart muscle fails to pump as much blood as the body needs. The faulty pumping means the body doesn't get the oxygen it needs, blood backs up in the veins and lungs and other changes occur that make the heart even weaker.eart failure is usually caused by a problem with the lower left chamber of the heart. Normally, it pumps out more than 50% of the blood that fills it during each heartbeat. In most heart failure patients, it pumps out less than 40% of the blood that fills it during each heartbeat.
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- If one or more of your valves is diseased or damaged, it can affect how your blood flows through your heart in two ways: 1  If your valve does not open fully, it will obstruct the flow of blood.  If the valve does not close properly, it will allow blood to leak backwards.
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Bicuspid Aortic Disease A normal aortic valve (see below) has three leaflets (also known as flaps or cusps). These open and close to control the flow of blood into the aorta from the left ventricle of the heart as it beats. When the flaps come together as the valve closes, the shape is like a circle divided into thirds. The mitral valve may leak blood due to bicuspid leaflets. 2  One of the three layers of the wall of the aorta becomes thin and weak. 3  As a result, the aorta cannot stretch and contract properly when the heart beats and pumps blood into the aorta.
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- This means the valve doesn't close completely, causing the blood to flow backward through the valve. This results in leakage of blood back into the atria from the ventricles (in the case of the mitral and tricuspid valves) or leakage of blood back into the ventricles (in the case of the aortic and pulmonary valves). Stenosis is narrowing of the valve.
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Congestive Heart Failure and Heart Disease Rather, it means that the heart's pumping power is weaker than normal. With heart failure, blood moves through the heart and body at a slower rate, and pressure in the heart increases. As a result, the heart cannot pump enough oxygen and nutrients to meet the body's needs.eart failure is caused by many conditions that damage the heart muscle, including: 1  Coronary artery disease. 2  Heart attack. 3  Cardiomyopathy. 4  Conditions that overwork the heart.
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Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA) Normally the heart's left side only pumps blood to the body, and the right side only pumps blood to the lungs. In a person with PDA, extra blood gets pumped from the body artery (aorta) into the lung (pulmonary) arteries.
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Tetralogy of Fallot Diagram of normal heart contrasted with heart defects associated with Tetralogy of Fallot. From Boston Children’s Hospital Web site. Right ventricular outflow tract obstruction. The connection between the right ventricle of the heart and the lungs is narrowed, and the blood flow to the lungs is reduced. The main area of narrowing is under the pulmonary valve, caused by thick muscle in this area.
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- Answer: Because the heart is a double pump, each side can initially fail independently of the. other. If the left side fails, pulmonary congestion occurs. The right side of the heart continues to. propel blood to the lungs, but the left side does not adequately eject the returning blood into the. systemic circulation. Thus, blood vessels in the lungs become engorged with blood, pressure. within them increases, and fluid leaks from the circulation into the lung tissue, causing. pulmonary edema.
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Overview Most cases involve both sides of the heart. Right-side heart failure occurs if the heart can't pump enough blood to the lungs to pick up oxygen. Left-side heart failure occurs if the heart can't pump enough oxygen-rich blood to the rest of the body.
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Heart and Stroke Encyclopedia When the heart is not pumping well, it can cause a backup of blood. This backup of blood causes fluid to leak from the blood vessels into the tissues. This is called congestion.. In the lungs, congestion may lead to difficulty breathing. In the ankles and legs, the congestion or backup of fluid causes swelling.
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Heart Valve Disease Birth defects, age-related changes, infections, or other conditions can cause one or more of your heart valves to not open fully or to let blood leak back into the heart chambers. This can make your heart work harder and affect its ability to pump blood.
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- Most cases involve both sides of the heart. Right-side heart failure occurs if the heart can't pump enough blood to the lungs to pick up oxygen. Left-side heart failure occurs if the heart can't pump enough oxygen-rich blood to the rest of the body. Right-side heart failure may cause fluid to build up in the feet, ankles, legs, liver, abdomen, and the veins in the neck. Right-side and left-side heart failure also may cause shortness of breath and fatigue (tiredness). The leading causes of heart failure are diseases that damage the heart. Examples include coronary heart disease (CHD), high blood pressure, and diabetes.
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- Right-sided heart failure occurs in about 1 in 20 people. Coronary artery disease is the most common cause of heart failure in the United States, but it can be a complication of other conditions. Heart failure may affect the right side of the heart (right ventricle), the left side (left ventricle), or both sides. In right-sided heart failure, the right ventricle loses its pumping function, and blood may back up into other areas of the body, producing congestion.
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Superior Vena Cava Syndrome Superior vena cava syndrome (SVCS) occurs when a person’s superior vena cava is partially blocked or compressed. The superior vena cava is a major vein in a person’s body. It carries blood from the head, neck, upper chest, and arms to the heart. Cancer is usually the main cause of SVCS.
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- 1 Heart failure is the term used for a heart that is not supplying sufficient blood flow to the rest of the body. 2  High blood pressure damages the entire complex circulatory system. 3  As mentioned above, HBP creates conditions for blocked arteries.
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Anatomy and Function of the Heart Valves This means the valve doesn't close completely, causing the blood to flow backward through the valve. This results in leakage of blood back into the atria from the ventricles (in the case of the mitral and tricuspid valves) or leakage of blood back into the ventricles (in the case of the aortic and pulmonary valves). Stenosis is narrowing of the valve. With stenosis, the valve opening is narrowed and the valve doesn't open properly, inhibiting the ability of the heart to pump blood across the narrowed valve due to the increased force required to pump blood through the stiff (stenotic) valve(s). Atresia.
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Overview In pulmonary atresia, the valve that lets blood out of the heart to go to your baby's lungs (pulmonary valve) doesn't form correctly. Instead of opening and closing to allow blood to travel from the heart to the lungs, a solid sheet of tissue forms.
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Endocarditis This interrupts the normal blood flow through the valves and interferes with the heart's pumping action. Blood can leak backwards instead of being pumped forward. Over time, heart failure can develop, because your heart may not be able to pump enough blood to meet your body's needs.
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- 1 Heart failure is the term used for a heart that is not supplying sufficient blood flow to the rest of the body. High blood pressure damages the entire complex circulatory system. As mentioned above, HBP creates conditions for blocked arteries.  HBP adds to the workload of the heart.
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Congestive Heart Failure and Heart Disease 1 Coronary artery disease (CAD), a disease of the arteries that supply blood and oxygen to the heart, causes decreased blood flow to the heart muscle. 2  If the arteries become blocked or severely narrowed, the heart becomes starved for oxygen and nutrients.