what bacteria are believed to be the origin of mitochondria and chloroplasts
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- Both the mitochondria and chloroplast are believed to have prokaryotic origins. They are commonly believed to once have been bacteria that were engulfed by eukaryotic cells wh … ere they lived together with a mutualistic relationship.oth the mitochondria and chloroplast are believed to have prokaryotic origins. They are commonly believed to once have been bacteria that were engulfed by eukaryotic cells wh … ere they lived together with a mutualistic relationship.
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Evidence for the Endosymbiotic Hypothesis Evidence for Endosymbiotic Theory. 1  Mitochondria have very similar characteristics to purple-aerobic bacteria. They both use oxygen in the production of ATP, and they both do this by using the Kreb’s Cycle and oxidative phosphorylation. 2  Mitochondria and chloroplasts are similar in size to bacteria, 1 to 10 microns.
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An Introduction to Molecular Biology/Replication of DNA and its repair Nuclear and mitochondrial DNA are thought to be of separate evolutionary origin, with the mtDNA being derived from the circular genomes of the bacteria that were engulfed by the early ancestors of today's eukaryotic cells. This theory is called the endosymbiotic theory.
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The Pros and Cons of Running a Dehumidifier During the summer, any heat generated inside the house will have just as much trouble getting out of the house. In a Q&A post at GreenBuildingAdvisor, Seidel wonders about the impact of running a Therma-Stor dehumidifier in a basement utility room of a superinsulated house in New Hampshire.
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Mitochondria and Chloroplast Mitochondria are similar to plant chloroplasts in that both organelles are able to produce energy and metabolites that are required by the host cell. As discussed above, mitochondria are the sites of respiration, and generate chemical energy in the form of ATP by metabolizing sugars, fats, and other chemical fuels with the assistance of molecular oxygen. Chloroplasts, in contrast, are found only in plants and algae, and are the primary sites of photosynthesis.
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Structural Biochemistry/The Endosymbiotic Theory These observed characteristics of both, mitochondria and chloroplast, are heart of the Endosymbiotic Theory. A comaparison in chloroplasts and Mitochondria: Both chloroplasts and mitochondria generate ATP by chemiosmosis, but they use different sources of energy. Mitochondria transfer chemical energy from food to ATP.
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College grads in baseball a rare breed According to MLB figures, 60.2 percent of amateur contracts signed in 2011 by players born in those three countries included some kind of scholarship money. But teenagers who encounter instant (if not enduring) wealth tend to think about other aspects of their new contracts.
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What is the endosymbiotic theory of the origin of eukaryotic cells? Report Abuse. The endosymbiotic hypothesis explains the origins of eukaryotic organelles like the mitochondrion and chloroplast. There is much evidence that suggests that those organelles descended from prokaryotic cells that were engulfed by a eukaryote as an endosymbiont.est Answer: The endosymbiotic theory concerns the origins of mitochondria and plastids (e.g. chloroplasts), which are organelles of eukaryotic cells.
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What are the similarities between mitochondria an chloroplast? Both mitochondria and chloroplasts are organelles. Mitochondria are used in cellular respiration and chloroplasts are used in photosynthesis. Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are opposite processes.Both are believed to have evolved from a living single celled bacteria that was engulfed by an early form of a plant or animal cell.itochondria are used in cellular respiration and chloroplasts are used in photosynthesis. Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are opposite processes.
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- Both mitochondria and chloroplasts are sensitive to antibiotics which affect bacteria such as streptomycin, spectinomycin, neomycin, and chloramphenicol while they are unaffected by agents such as cyclohexamide that affect the cytoplasm. Many of these antibiotics act on bacterial ribosomes.oth mitochondria and chloroplasts are sensitive to antibiotics which affect bacteria such as streptomycin, spectinomycin, neomycin, and chloramphenicol while they are unaffected by agents such as cyclohexamide that affect the cytoplasm. Many of these antibiotics act on bacterial ribosomes.
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- Molecular and biochemical evidence suggest that mitochondria developed from proteobacteria (in particular, Rickettsiales, the SAR11 clade, or close relatives) and chloroplasts from cyanobacteria (in particular, nitrogen-fixing filamentous cyanobacteria).
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Structural Biochemistry/The Endosymbiotic Theory The endosymbiotic theory deals with the origins of mitochondria and chloroplasts, two eukaryotic organelles that have bacteria characteristics. Mitochondria and chloroplasts are believed to have developed from symbiotic bacteria, specifically alpha-proteobacteria and cyanobacteria, respectively.
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The Endosymbiotic Theory Mitochondria Have DNA. Mitochondria and chloroplasts have striking similarities to bacteria cells. They have their own DNA, which is separate from the DNA found in the nucleus of the cell. And both organelles use their DNA to produce many proteins and enzymes required for their function.itochondria and chloroplasts have striking similarities to bacteria cells. They have their own DNA, which is separate from the DNA found in the nucleus of the cell. And both organelles use their DNA to produce many proteins and enzymes required for their function.
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The Evidence 1 The mitochondria of eukaryotes evolved from aerobic bacteria (probably related to the rickettsias) living within their host cell. 2  The chloroplasts of red algae, green algae, and plants evolved from endosymbiotic cyanobacteria. The first amino acid of their transcripts is always fMet as it is in bacteria (not methionine [Met] that is the first amino acid in eukaryotic proteins). 2  A number of antibiotics (e.g., streptomycin) that act by blocking protein synthesis in bacteria also block protein synthesis within mitochondria and chloroplasts.
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- Evidence that mitochondria and chloroplasts arose via an ancient endosymbiosis of a bacteria is as follows: 1  Both mitochondria and chloroplasts contain DNA, which is fairly different from that of the cell nucleus, and that is similar to that of bacteria (in being circular and in its size).he theory postulates that the mitochondria evolved from aerobic bacteria (probably proteobacteria, related to the rickettsias), and that the chloroplast evolved from endosymbiotic cyanobacteria (autotrophic prokaryotes).
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Cyanobacteria Cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) are microorganisms that structurally resemble bacteria (they lack a nucleus and organelles ). However, unlike other bacteria, cyanobacteria contain chlorophyll a and conduct oxygenic photosynthesis. Cyanobacteria are approximately 2.5 billion years old and thus are the oldest oxygenic phototrophs on Earth. The early evolution of Earth's oxygen-rich atmosphere is most likely due to cyanobacterial photosynthesis.
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Ch. 10 & Ch. 11 Genetics What is the endosymbiotic theory? How does it help to explain some of the characteristics of mitochondria and chloroplasts? What evidence supports the endosymbiotic theory? Many modern single-celled eukaryotes (protists) are hosts to endosymbiotic bacteria. Mitochondria and chloroplasts are similar in size to present-day eubacteria and possess their own DNA, which has many characteristics in common with eubacterial DNA.
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Endosymbiont The single most convincing evidence of the descent of organelles from bacteria is the position of mitochondria and plastid DNA sequences in phylogenetic trees of bacteria. Mitochondria have sequences that clearly indicate origin from a group of bacteria called the alphaproteobacteria.he single most convincing evidence of the descent of organelles from bacteria is the position of mitochondria and plastid DNA sequences in phylogenetic trees of bacteria. Mitochondria have sequences that clearly indicate origin from a group of bacteria called the alphaproteobacteria.
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Mitochondrion The bacterial origin of these organelles is evident in the structure of the mitochondrion, its method of reproduction, and its genetics. Mitochondria are generally oval to elongated in shape, like bacteria, and are approximately 0.5 to 1 micron in diameter.
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- Best Answer: The endosymbiotic theory concerns the origins of mitochondria and plastids (e.g. chloroplasts), which are organelles of eukaryotic cells.According to this theory, these organelles originated as separate prokaryotic organisms that were taken inside the cell as endosymbionts.est Answer: The endosymbiotic theory concerns the origins of mitochondria and plastids (e.g. chloroplasts), which are organelles of eukaryotic cells.
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Symbiogenesis Among the many lines of evidence supporting symbiogenesis are that new mitochondria and plastids are formed only through binary fission, and that cells cannot create new ones otherwise; that the transport proteins called porins are found in the outer membranes of mitochondria, chloroplasts and bacterial cell membranes; that cardiolipin is found only in the inner mitochondrial membrane and bacterial cell membranes; and that some mitochondria and plastids contain single circular DNA molecules ...
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What is the endosymbiotic theory of the origin of eukaryotic cells? Answers. Best Answer: The endosymbiotic theory concerns the origins of mitochondria and plastids (e.g. chloroplasts), which are organelles of eukaryotic cells. According to this theory, these organelles originated as separate prokaryotic organisms that were taken inside the cell as endosymbionts.est Answer: The endosymbiotic theory concerns the origins of mitochondria and plastids (e.g. chloroplasts), which are organelles of eukaryotic cells.
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- Evidence for Endosymbiosis. 1. Mitochondria and chloroplasts are similar in size and morphology to bacterial prokaryotic cells, though the mitochondria of some organisms are known to be morphologically variable. 2. Mitochondria and chloroplasts divide by binary fission, just as bacteria do, and not by mitosis as eukaryotes do.
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The Evidence 1 Both mitochondria and chloroplasts have their own genome, and it resembles that of bacteria not that of the nuclear genome. 2  Both genomes consist of a single circular molecule of DNA.  There are no histones associated with the DNA.
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- Title: The Endosymbiotic Theory Revisited: the Origins and Evolution of Mitochondria in Living Eukaryotes Introduction-One of the features that distinguish a eukaryotic cell from a prokaryotic cell, besides the presence of a “true nucleus” encasing its DNA, is the presence of interior organelles such as the mitochondria. The theory is that there was a time when the ancestors of modern eukaryotes did not have mitochondria but later obtained them from an outside source, which had found its way into the host cell. This is known as the serial endosymbiotic theory (SET), which was proposed by Lynn Margulis in the 1970s and in later reports (Margulis, 1996). The endosymbiosis is usually described as the endocytosis or
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Structural Biochemistry/The Endosymbiotic Theory Even though both organelles are found in eukaryotic cells, both mitochondria and chloroplast have characteristics often found in prokaryotic cells. These prokaryotic cell characteristics include: an enclosed double membrane, circular DNA, and bacteria-like ribosomes.