ribosomal dna definition biology
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- rDNA. (Science: molecular biology) dNA that codes for ribosomal RNA. Please contribute to this project, if you have more information about this term feel free to edit this page. This page was last modified on 3 October 2005, at 21:16.This page has been accessed 2,346 times.Science: molecular biology) dNA that codes for ribosomal RNA. Please contribute to this project, if you have more information about this term feel free to edit this page. This page was last modified on 3 October 2005, at 21:16.This page has been accessed 2,346 times.
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Ribosomal protein (October 2011). A ribosomal protein is any of the proteins that, in conjunction with rRNA, make up the ribosomal subunits involved in the cellular process of translation.A large part of the knowledge about these organic molecules has come from the study of E. coli ribosomes.October 2011). A ribosomal protein is any of the proteins that, in conjunction with rRNA, make up the ribosomal subunits involved in the cellular process of translation.
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Complementary DNA Output from a cDNA microarray used in testing. In genetics, complementary DNA (cDNA) is double-stranded DNA synthesized from a messenger RNA (mRNA) template in a reaction catalysed by the enzyme reverse transcriptase. cDNA is often used to clone eukaryotic genes in prokaryotes.he term cDNA is also used, typically in a bioinformatics context, to refer to an mRNA transcript's sequence, expressed as DNA bases (GCAT) rather than RNA bases (GCAU).
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Ribosomal RNA Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) Ribosomal RNA (rRNA), molecule in cells that forms part of the protein-synthesizing organelle known as a ribosome and that is exported to the cytoplasm to help translate the information in messenger RNA (mRNA) into protein. The three major types of RNA that occur in cells include rRNA, mRNA, and transfer RNA (tRNA). zoom_in.
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- Medical Definition of RIBOSOMAL RNA. : RNA that is a fundamental structural element of ribosomes—called also rRNA. RNA that is a fundamental structural element of ribosomes —called also rRNA.
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Protein biosynthesis Diagram showing the translation of mRNA and the synthesis of proteins by a ribosome. In molecular biology and genetics, translation is the process in which ribosomes in a cell's cytoplasm create proteins, following transcription of DNA to RNA in the cell's nucleus.
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- Genomic dna. (Science: molecular biology) The dna which is found in the organisms genome and is passed on to offspring as information necessary for survival. The phrase is used to distinguish between other types of dna, such as found within plasmids.
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Ribosome biogenesis Ribosomal protein synthesis in eukaryotes is a major metabolic activity. It occurs, like most protein synthesis, in the cytoplasm just outside the nucleus. Individual ribosomal proteins are synthesized and imported into the nucleus through nuclear pores.
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DNA DNA. complementary DNA (cDNA), copy DNA DNA transcribed from a specific RNA through the action of the enzyme reverse transcriptase. mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) the DNA of the mitochondrial chromosome, existing in several thousand copies per cell and inherited exclusively from the mother.
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- The nucleolus is the nuclear subdomain that assembles ribosomal subunits in eukaryotic cells. The nucleolar organiser regions of chromosomes, which contain the genes for pre‐ribosomal ribonucleic acid (rRNA), serve as the foundation for nucleolar structure.
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DNA DNA. n. A nucleic acid that carries the genetic information in cells and some viruses, consisting of two long chains of nucleotides twisted into a double helix and joined by hydrogen bonds between the complementary bases adenine and thymine or cytosine and guanine.eoxyribonucleic acid, commonly called DNA, exists mainly in the nucleus and mitochondria of each cell in an organism. It consists of two long strands linked together in a structure resembling a ladder twisted into a spiral, called a double helix.
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- The ribosome (/ˈraɪbɵˌzoʊm/) is a large and complex molecular machine, found within all living cells, that serves as the site of biological protein synthesis (translation). Ribosomes link amino acids together in the order specified by messenger RNA (mRNA) molecules.he sequence of DNA encoding for a protein may be copied many times into RNA chains of a similar sequence. Ribosomes can bind to an RNA chain and use it as a template for determining the correct sequence of amino acids in a particular protein.
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What Is RNA? 1 Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) is a component of cell organelles called ribosomes. 2  A ribosome consists of ribosomal proteins and rRNA. 3  Ribosomes are typically composed of two subunits: a large subunit and a small subunit.4  Ribosomal subunits are synthesized in the nucleus by the nucleolus. Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) is a component of cell organelles called ribosomes. 2  A ribosome consists of ribosomal proteins and rRNA. 3  Ribosomes are typically composed of two subunits: a large subunit and a small subunit.
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Ribosome The ribosome (/ˈraɪbɵˌzoʊm/) is a large and complex molecular machine, found within all living cells, that serves as the site of biological protein synthesis (translation). Ribosomes link amino acids together in the order specified by messenger RNA (mRNA) molecules. ribosome is made from complexes of RNAs and proteins and is therefore a ribonucleoprotein. Each ribosome is divided into two subunits: 1. a smaller subunit which binds to a larger subunit and the mRNA pattern, and 2. a larger subunit which binds to the tRNA, the amino acids, and the smaller subunit.
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Deoxyribonucleic acid DNA. Definition. noun. A double-stranded nucleic acid that contains the genetic information for cell growth, division, and function. Supplement. Structure: DNA is composed of two strands that twist together to form a helix.Each strand consists of alternating phosphate (PO4) and pentose sugar (2-deoxyribose), and attached on the sugar is a nitrogenous base, which can be adenine, thymine, guanine, or cytosine.tructure: DNA is composed of two strands that twist together to form a helix. Each strand consists of alternating phosphate (PO4) and pentose sugar (2-deoxyribose), and attached on the sugar is a nitrogenous base, which can be adenine, thymine, guanine, or cytosine.
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chromosome A threadlike linear strand of DNA and associated proteins in the nucleus of animal and plant cells that carries the genes and functions in the transmission of hereditary information. A circular strand of DNA in bacteria and cyanobacteria that contains the hereditary information necessary for cell life.
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Chromosome chromosome. 1  in animal cells, a structure in the nucleus, containing a linear thread of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), which transmits genetic information and is associated with ribonucleic acid and histones.
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Ribosome (Science: cell biology). (1) A minute particle composed of protein and ribonucleic acid (RNA) that serves as the site of protein synthesis. (2) A molecule consisting of two subunits that fit together and work as one to build proteins according to the genetic sequence held within the messenger RNA (mRNA).Science: cell biology). (1) A minute particle composed of protein and ribonucleic acid (RNA) that serves as the site of protein synthesis. (2) A molecule consisting of two subunits that fit together and work as one to build proteins according to the genetic sequence held within the messenger RNA (mRNA).
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chromosome chromosome noun A linear strand of DNA and associated proteins in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells that carries the genes and functions in the transmission of hereditary information.
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Ribosome The ribosome (/ˈraɪbɵˌzoʊm/) is a large and complex molecular machine, found within all living cells, that serves as the site of biological protein synthesis (translation). Ribosomes link amino acids together in the order specified by messenger RNA (mRNA) molecules.he ribosome is a cellular machine which is highly complex. It is made up of dozens of distinct proteins (the exact number varies a little bit between species) as well as a few specialized RNA molecules known as ribosomal RNA (rRNA).
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- Medical Definition of RIBOSOMAL RNA. : RNA that is a fundamental structural element of ribosomes—called also rRNA.
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- Complementary DNA. In genetics, complementary DNA (cDNA) is DNA synthesized from a single stranded RNA (e.g., messenger RNA (mRNA) or microRNA) template in a reaction catalyzed by the enzyme reverse transcriptase. cDNA is often used to clone eukaryotic genes in prokaryotes.
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Definitions &Translations Ribonucleic acid (RNA) is a ubiquitous family of large biological molecules that perform multiple vital roles in the coding, decoding, regulation, and expression of genes. Together with DNA, RNA comprises the nucleic acids, which, along with proteins, constitute the three major macromolecules essential for all known forms of life. Like DNA, RNA is assembled as a chain of nucleotides, but is usually single-stranded.
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- LINK / CITE ADD TO WORD LIST. noun. The definition of a ribosome is a tiny particle made up of nucleic acids and proteins that exist in large numbers in the gel-like substance in between every cell in the body.
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Ribosomes Function A ribosome is an internal component of a biological cell (known as organelles) that is responsible in assembling molecules of specific amino acid to form a certain protein molecule, which will be determined by the nucleotide sequence of an RNA molecule.
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Ribosomal RNA Ribosomal RNA (rRNA), molecule in cells that forms part of the protein-synthesizing organelle known as a ribosome and that is exported to the cytoplasm to help translate the information in messenger RNA (mRNA) into protein. The three major types of RNA that occur in cells include rRNA, mRNA, and transfer RNA (tRNA).