what are descriptive epidemiology studies used for
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Occupational safety and health and analyzed with no less care than studies intended to examine risk-fac-tor associations with cancer. If proper care is not taken, descriptive studies will divert scientific resources, especially public health department resources, away from more productive activities. Descriptive epidemiology studies can also be used to evaluate cancer
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What is Epidemiology and What Does an Epidemiologist Do? Epidemiology is a field where trained epidemiologists study patterns of frequency and the causes and effects of diseases in human populations. Epidemiology provides the scientific footings for evidence-based medicine and allows placement of strategies for improvement in public health. Most epidemiologists have a Master’s Degree in Public Health (MPH) or a related field. 2  Epidemiology graduate programs provide students with the skills to investigate and analyze the root causes and spread of disease to develop methods of prevention and control.
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- Epidemiologists focus either on research or on clinical situations. Research epidemiologists conduct studies to determine how to wipe out or control infectious diseases. They often focus on basic research as well, determining the incidence of a particular disease in a particular part of the world, for example.
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- 1 Distinguish between definitions of epidemiology and clinical epidemiology. 2  Apply the terminology of the Epidemiologic Triad to an infectious disease.  Use the Epidemiologic Triad to identify modifications that will affect the frequency of disease in a population.
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- The key elements are: an understanding of disease processes (like what a vector is), knowledge of data or information available (like numnber of infections), knowing what a Geographic Information Systems (GIS) is (to analyze patterns).and an understanding of social sciences (that can indicate risk factors). Epidemiology is the study of the spread of disease. It helps scientists to predict how far a disease will spread, how much damage it may do, and plan treatment, the crea … tion of vaccines, and so forth. The current preparations for swine flu were a result of epidemiological studies.  . 7 people found this useful.
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- Epidemiology practitioners can use the AECs to assess current skill level, identify areas for training, and as a career-development plan. Employers can use the AECs to create career ladders for epidemiology positions, write job descriptions aligned with the competencies, and assess overall epidemiologic capacity.Educators can use the AECs to design competency-based education and training, and enhance existing coursework. Brochure: Applied Epidemiology Competencies (AECs): An introduction to the new standards of practice for epidemiologists working within the U.S. public health system [2 pages] .
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Recycled drinking water: what Australians need to know Recycled water for potable use in Australia. The Western Corridor Recycled Water Project in Queensland, completed in 2009, supplies recycled water to power stations. There is an option available to add this water to the drinking-water supply if dam levels fall below 40%.
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The Relationship between Probability and Inferential Statistics Descriptive statistics describe the characteristics of your numerical dataset, while inferential statistics are used to make inferences from subsets of data so you can better understand the larger datasets from which the subset is taken.
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Chapter 1. What is epidemiology? All findings must relate to a defined population. A key feature of epidemiology is the measurement of disease outcomes in relation to a population at risk. The population at risk is the group of people, healthy or sick, who would be counted as cases if they had the disease being studied.
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- Descriptive research is conclusive in nature, as opposed to exploratory. This means that descriptive research gathers quantifiable information that can be used for statistical inference on your target audience through data analysis.
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Epidemiology Epidemiology is concerned with the incidence of disease in populations and does not address the question of the cause of an individual's disease.This question, sometimes referred to as specific causation, is beyond the domain of the science of epidemiology.he term epidemiology appears to have first been used to describe the study of epidemics in 1802 by the Spanish physician Villalba in Epidemiologia Epidemiología. Espanola española epidemiologists also study the interaction of diseases in, a population a condition known as. a syndemic
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- This usually takes the form of theories. The methods of collecting data for descriptive research can be employed singly or in various combinations, depending on the research questions at hand. Descriptive research often calls upon quasi-experimental research design (Campbell & Stanley, 1963).
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-  In epidemiologic studies, we typically measure the average rate at which a disease is occurring over a period of time.   Rate is not a proportion bounded between 0 and 1  Example:50 new cases per 10,000 person-yearsInterpretation: An average of 50 cases occurs for every 10,000 years of disease free follow-up. time observed on a cohort of subjects.
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Epidemiology Epidemiology is the study and analysis of the distribution [disambiguation needed] and determinants of health and disease conditions in defined populations. It is the cornerstone of public health, and shapes policy decisions and evidence-based practice by identifying risk factors for disease and targets for preventive healthcare.
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- Observational studies are ones where researchers observe the effect of a risk factor, diagnostic test, treatment or other intervention without trying to change who is or isn’t exposed to it. Cohort studies and case control studies are two types of observational studies. Cohort study: For research purposes, a cohort is any group of people who are linked in some way. For instance, a birth cohort includes all people born within a given time frame.
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Study Types in Epidemiology Epidemiologic case-control studies are used to identify factors that may contribute to a medical condition. Epidemiological studies are categorized as either descriptive or analytic. This course describes the main elements of descriptive and analytic epidemiology and their associated study types briefly and clearly.
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- Case example of a descriptive study Descriptive studies are usually the best methods for collecting information that will demonstrate relationships and describe the world as it exists. These types of studies are often done before an experiment to know what specific things to manipulate and include in an experiment.
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Epidemiologic Methods Thus, statistical techniques for combining data from several studies with similar hypotheses have become increasingly popular in epidemiology. The application of systematic review methodology and the tools of meta-analysis are now applied as key evidence-based methods in all areas of epidemiology.
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- Descriptive Statistics: A method used for describing or summarizing data in a meaningful manner Measures of Central Tendency: A type of descriptive statistics that uses a single value to describe the center of a data. This includes mean, median and mode Measures of Dispersion: Another type of descriptive statistics that uses a collection of values to determine how spread out the data is from the central number.
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The 3 Basic Types of Descriptive Research Methods Descriptive research methods are pretty much as they sound — they describe situations. They do not make accurate predictions, and they do not determine cause and effect. There are three main types of descriptive methods: observational methods, case-study methods and survey methods. This article will briefly describe each of these methods, their advantages, and their drawbacks.
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A Guide to Careers in Epidemiology Epidemiology is the study of diseases in given populations. Epidemiologists examine how and where disease outbreaks start, how diseases are transmitted among individuals in a population and how to effectively treat those diseases.
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- Descriptive research seeks to describe the current status of an identified variable. These research projects are designed to provide systematic information about a phenomenon. The researcher does not usually begin with an hypothesis, but is likely to develop one after collecting data. The analysis and synthesis of the data provide the test of the hypothesis. Systematic collection of information requires careful selection of the units studied and careful measurement of each variable.
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- Clinical epidemiology is integral to evidence-based medicine. Epidemiology itself is the study of disease in a population.with goals of determining the frequency and distribution of the disease as well as risk factors for the disease.
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- Descriptive statistics are statistics that quantitatively describe or summarize features of a collection of information.
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- It is a highly quantitative discipline based on principles of statistics and research methodologies. Epidemiology Key Terms and Core Concepts • Distribution: Epidemiologists study the distribution of frequencies and patterns of health events within groups in a population.sing descriptive epidemiology, epidemiologists characterize health events in terms of time, place, and person.• Determinants: Epidemiologists search for causes or factors that are associated with increased risk or probability of disease.
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