logic philosophy definition
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Definitions &Translations Logic (from the Ancient Greek: λογική, logike) is the branch of philosophy concerned with the use and study of valid reasoning. The study of logic also features prominently in mathematics and computer science. Logic was studied in several ancient civilizations, including India, China, Persia and Greece. In the West, logic was established as a formal discipline by Aristotle, who gave it a fundamental place in philosophy. The study of logic was part of the classical trivium, which also included grammar and rhetoric.
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Logic 1 Formal logic is the study of inference with purely formal content. 2  An inference possesses a purely formal content if it can be expressed as a particular application of a wholly abstract rule, that is, a rule that is not about any particular thing or property.
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Logic Nature of logic. Logic is generally understood and accepted as a set of rules that tell us when an argument's premises support their conclusion. An understanding of just what logic is, can be enhanced by delineating it from what it is not: Logic is not the 'groundness of being' - that's metaphysics . Logic is not a set of laws that governs the universe - that's physics . Logic is not an immaterial entity that transcends reality - that's speculative theology . Logic is not a set of laws that governs human behavior - that's psychology .
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[L01] What is logic? Briefly speaking, we might define logic as the study of the principles of correct reasoning. This is a rough definition, because how logic should be properly defined is actually quite a controversial matter.
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Propositional Logic Propositional logic, also known as sentential logic and statement logic, is the branch of logic that studies ways of joining and/or modifying entire propositions, statements or sentences to form more complicated propositions, statements or sentences, as well as the logical relationships and properties that are derived from these methods of combining ...
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Science For the journal, see Philosophy of Science (journal). Philosophy of science is a branch of philosophy concerned with the foundations, methods, and implications of science. The central questions of this study concern what qualifies as science, the reliability of scientific theories, and the ultimate purpose of science. This discipline overlaps with metaphysics, ontology, and epistemology, for example, when it explores the relationship between science and truth.
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Mathematical logic For the philosophical view, see Formalism (philosophy of mathematics). Mathematical logic is a subfield of mathematics exploring the applications of formal logic to mathematics. It bears close connections to metamathematics, the foundations of mathematics, and theoretical computer science.
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- The History of Logic. Aristotle (384–322 BC) invented logic. • Predecessors: Fred Flintstone, geometry, sophists, pre-Socratic philosophers, Socrates & Plato.
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philosophy the philosophy of Aristotle, especially an emphasis upon formal deductive logic, upon the concept that reality is a combination of form and matter, and upon investigation of the concrete and particular. — Aristotelian, n., adj.
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Tautology (logic) In the context of first-order logic, a distinction is maintained between logical validities, sentences that are true in every model, and tautologies, which are a proper subset of the first-order logical validities.
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Philosophy Philosophy (from Greek φιλοσοφία, philosophia, literally love of wisdom) is the study of general and fundamental problems concerning matters such as existence, knowledge, values, reason, mind, and language. The term was probably coined by Pythagoras (c. 570–495 BCE).
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[L01] What is logic? Sometimes a distinction is made between informal logic and formal logic. The term informal logic is often used to mean the same thing as critical thinking. Sometimes it is used to refer to the study of reasoning and fallacies in the context of everyday life. Formal logic is mainly concerned with formal systems of logic.
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- Both Plato and Aristotle conceived of logic as the study of argument and from a concern with correctness of argumentation. Aristotle produced six works on logic, known collectively as the Organon, the first of these, the Prior Analytics, being the first explicit work in formal logic.
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- Etymology [edit]. The term philosophy is taken from the Greek word, (phylos) meaning to love or to befriend and, (sophie) meaning wisdom.. Thus, philosophy means the love of wisdom. Socrates, a Greek philosopher, used the term philosophy as an equivalent to the search for wisdom.
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philosophy the philosophy of Aristotle, especially an emphasis upon formal deductive logic, upon the concept that reality is a combination of form and matter, and upon investigation of the concrete and particular.
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- Etymologically, philosophy can be broken into the following roots and examples. Hazarding a beginning definition and some general characteristics of philosophy might be of help. Philosophy is the systematic inquiry into the principles and presuppositions of any endeavor. Some restaurants have printed on the back of the customer's bill their philosophy of restaurant management. Recently, philosophy of sport and medical ethics have generated much interest. In general, philosophy questions often are a series of why-questions, whereas science is often said to ask how-questions..
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minor premise syllogism. n. 1. (Logic) a deductive inference consisting of two premises and a conclusion, all of which are categorial propositions. The subject of the conclusion is the minor term and its predicate the major term; the middle term occurs in both premises but not the conclusion.
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The Mysterious and Fascinating History of Sprinkles If you've looked at Instagram in the past year, you know the magnetic visual draw of sprinkles--on just about anything--is real. Sprinkles on ice cream, sprinkles on cakes, sprinkle-covered donuts, cupcakes, or even pancakes. Whatever the bed, the #1 rule with sprinkles is to pile 'em high. When working with a batch of sprinkled sugar cookies recently, some of us here at MyRecipes had a thought--where the heck did sprinkles come from?
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Reason Back to Top. Logic (from the Greek logos, which has a variety of meanings including word, thought, idea, argument, account, reason or principle) is the study of reasoning, or the study of the principles and criteria of valid inference and demonstration. It attempts to distinguish good reasoning from bad reasoning.
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Aristotleâs Philosophy (Summary) Aristotle and Logic. Logic: This term is unknown to Aristotle, however, is the author of the first systematic logical doctrine, disciple determining for the operations of the mind, which are valid, which ones are not. This study is conducting a formal point of view, that is to say, regardless of the content itself.
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explanans logic - the branch of philosophy that analyzes inference. statement - a message that is stated or declared; a communication (oral or written) setting forth particulars or facts etc; according to his statement he was in London on that day.
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Logic: Inquiry, Argument, and Order Logic: Inquiry, Argument, and Order. Description. Logic: Inquiry, Argument, and Order is the first book of its kind to frame the study of introductory logic in terms of problems connected to wider issues of knowledge and judgment that arise in the context of racial, cultural, and religious diversity.
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Branches of science In the latter sense, logic is used in most intellectual activities, including philosophy and science, but in the first sense, is primarily studied in the disciplines of philosophy, mathematics, semantics, and computer science. It examines general forms that arguments may take.
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- Logic may be defined as the science of reasoning. However, this is not tosuggest that logic is an empirical (i.e., experimental or observational) science likephysics, biology, or psychology. Rather, logic is a non-empirical science likemathematics.
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philosophy noun, plural philosophies. 1. the rational investigation of the truths and principles of being, knowledge, or conduct. 2. any of the three branches, namely natural philosophy, moral philosophy, and metaphysical philosophy, that are accepted as composing this study.
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- Philosophy is an activity of thought, a type of thinking. Philosophy is critical and comprehensive thought, the most critical and comprehensive manner of thinking which the human species has yet devised. This intellectual process includes both an analytic and synthetic mode of operation.