scientific definition of fault
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What is a fault? Summary Author: Dave Lynch. A fault is a crack in a rock along which slippage has occurred. If there’s no movement, the crack is called a joint. Most faults are small, even microscopic. Only the large ones get names, like the San Andreas Fault. The upper picture shows a small fault in fine-grained basaltic rock that was intruded by molten quartz.
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earthquake earthquake. (geophysics). A sudden movement of the earth caused by the abrupt release of accumulated strain along a fault in the interior. The released energy passes through the earth as seismic waves (low-frequency sound waves), which cause the shaking.
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Earthquakes A. A fault is a break in the Earths crust where slabs of crust slip past each other. B. Faults usually occur along plate boundaries, where the forces of plate motion compress, pull, or shear the crust so much that the crust breaks. a) found along transform plate boundaries.
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- Locked fault—a fault that is not slipping because frictional resistance on the fault is greater than the shear stress across the fault (it is stuck). Such faults may store strain for extended periods that is eventually released in an earthquake when
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- n. 1. (Geological Science) Also called: fault plane geology the surface of a fault fracture along which the rocks have been displaced. 2. a potentially disruptive division or area of contention: Europe remains the main fault line in the Tory Party.n.. (Geological Science) Also called: fault plane geology the surface of a fault fracture along which the rocks have been displaced. 2. a potentially disruptive division or area of contention: Europe remains the main fault line in the Tory Party.
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Graphical index One of the most ubiquitous symbols of eastern Asia, bamboo is a plant with many meanings and, in modern-day industry and manufacturing, a plant with many practical uses. In Japan, bamboo is one of three plants, along with the pine tree and the plum blossom, that make up a group known as the “Three Friends of Winter”.
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What Is a Geologic Fault? A fault is a crack in the Earth's crust. Typically, faults are associated with, or form, the boundaries between Earth's tectonic plates. In an active fault, the pieces of the Earth's crust along a fault move over time. The moving rocks can cause earthquakes. Inactive faults had movement along them at one time, but no longer move. The type of motion along a fault depends on the type of fault. The main types of faults are described below.
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(l). Crustal Deformation Processes: Folding and Faulting We call the combination of a fault and a fold in a rock an overthrust fault. Figure 10l-7: Recumbent fold. Faults form in rocks when the stresses overcome the internal strength of the rock resulting in a fracture. A fault can be defined as the displacement of once connected blocks of rock along a fault plane.
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Chapter 6 Earthquakes Section 1Forces in Earth's Crust Most faults occur along plate boundaries, where the forces of plate motion push or pull the crust so much that the crust breaks. There are three main types of faults: normal faults, reverse faults, and strike-slip faults.
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fault line noun. Evidence of a fault line. Evidence of a fault line. The definition of a fault line is a break or fracture in the ground that occurs when the Earth's tectonic plates move or shift and are areas where earthquakes are likely to occur.A break where the Earth's tectonic plates shifted that is a likely site of an earthquake is an example of a fault line.oun. Evidence of a fault line. Evidence of a fault line. The definition of a fault line is a break or fracture in the ground that occurs when the Earth's tectonic plates move or shift and are areas where earthquakes are likely to occur.
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San Andreas Fault San An·dre·as Fault. A major zone of fractures in the earth's crust extending along the coastline of California from the northwest part of the state to the Gulf of California. Movement of the tectonic plates along the fault has caused numerous tremors, including the devastating San Francisco earthquake of 1906.
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Universe Today Space and astronomy news Along Faults. Earthquakes can also occur far from the edges of plates, along faults. Faults are cracks in the earth where sections of a plate (or two plates) are moving in different directions. Faults are caused by all that bumping and sliding the plates do.They are more common near the edges of the plates.long Plate Edges. Most earthquakes occur along the edge of the oceanic and continental plates. The earth's crust (the outer layer of the planet) is made up of several pieces, called plates. The plates under the oceans are called oceanic plates and the rest are continental plates.
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What is a fault and what are the different types? During an earthquake, the rock on one side of the fault suddenly slips with respect to the other. The fault surface can be horizontal or vertical or some arbitrary angle in between. Earth scientists use the angle of the fault with respect to the surface (known as the dip) and the direction of slipslip along the fault to classify faults. Faults which move along the direction of the dip plane are dip-slip faults and described as either normal or reverse (thrust), depending on their motion. Faults which move horizontally are known as strike-slip faults and are classified as either right-lateral or left-lateral.
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High School Earth Science/Stress in the Earth's Crust If the blocks of rock on one or both sides of a fracture move, the fracture is called a fault (Figure 7.14). Earthquakes happen when there are sudden motions along faults. When rocks break and move suddenly, the energy released causes an earthquake. Faults may occur at the Earth's surface or deeper in the crust.
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Fault (geology) A fault plane is the plane that represents the fracture surface of a fault. A fault trace or fault line is the intersection of a fault plane with the ground surface. A fault trace is also the line commonly plotted on geologic maps to represent a fault. fault which has a component of dip-slip and a component of strike-slip is termed an oblique-slip fault. Nearly all faults will have some component of both dip-slip and strike-slip, so defining a fault as oblique requires both dip and strike components to be measurable and significant.
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"Geological Terms Beginning With ""F""" An area of rock that has numerous fractures of similar trend and dip. Rocks usually do not fail with a clean break, instead they fail through the formation of numerous fractures along a zone of failure. As a result, many named faults are actually zones of fractured rock. The term also has a regulatory use.
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fault The definition of a fault is a weakness in the rock strata that can shift and create an earthquake. An example of fault is the San Andreas fault line in California. Fault means a mistake or a weakness. An example of fault is having a problem telling the truth. Fault is defined as to blame or to commit a mistake. 1  An example of fault is for a child to blame a broken vase on his brother. 2  An example of fault is to tell a lie.
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fault Definition of fault for English Language Learners. : 1  a bad quality or part of someone's character : a weakness in character. : 2  a problem or bad part that prevents something from being perfect : a flaw or defect. : 3  responsibility for a problem, mistake, bad situation, etc.
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Fault (geology) Fault line redirects here. For other uses, see Fault line (disambiguation) . In geology, a fault is a planar fracture or discontinuity in a volume of rock, across which there has been significant displacement as a result of rock mass movement.
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Fault Called an intraplate fault system, it is a type of fault system that is still not clearly understood by geologists. The faults along the system—normal, reverse, and strike-slip—lie 10 to 12 miles (16 to 19 kilometers) beneath Earth's surface.
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fault Part of the San Andreas fault. The definition of a fault is a weakness in the rock strata that can shift and create an earthquake. An example of fault is the San Andreas fault line in California. Fault means a mistake or a weakness. An example of fault is having a problem telling the truth. Fault is defined as to blame or to commit a mistake. 1  An example of fault is for a child to blame a broken vase on his brother.
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- Strike is defined as the direction of the line formed by the intersection of a fault, bed or other planar feature and a horizontal plane. Dip is the angle at which a planar feature is inclined to the horizontal plane; it is measured in a vertical plane perpendicular to the strike of the feature.
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Fault (geology) Fault line redirects here. For other uses, see Fault line (disambiguation) . In geology, a fault is a planar fracture or discontinuity in a volume of rock, across which there has been significant displacement as a result of rock mass movement.arge faults within the Earth's crust result from the action of plate tectonic forces, with the largest forming the boundaries between the plates, such as subduction zones or transform faults. Energy release associated with rapid movement on active faults is the cause of most earthquakes.
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- faulting - (geology) a crack in the earth's crust resulting from the displacement of one side with respect to the other; they built it right over a geological fault; he studied the faulting of the earth's crust geological fault, fracture, break, fault, shift. geology - a science that deals with the history of the earth as recorded in rocks
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fault In this case, the rocks above the fault plane are moving down relative to the rocks below it. When rocks are pushed together, the opposite happens—the rocks above the plane move upward relative to the rocks below the plane; these types of faults are called reverse faults.
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Fault (geology) All faults have a measurable thickness, made up of deformed rock characteristic of the level in the crust where the faulting happened, of the rock types affected by the fault and of the presence and nature of any mineralising fluids. Fault rocks are classified by their textures and the implied mechanism of deformation.