how is sunlight handled by earth's atmosphere
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The Sun: Earthâs Primary Energy Source Radiation is the transfer of energy by electromagnetic wave motion. Once the Sun’s energy reaches Earth, it is intercepted first by the atmosphere. A small part of the Sun’s energy is directly absorbed, particularly by certain gases such as ozone and water vapor. Some of the Sun’s energy is reflected back to space by clouds and Earth’s surface. Most of the radiation, however, is absorbed by Earth’s surface. When the radiation is absorbed by a substance, the atoms in the substance move faster and the substance becomes warm to the touch.
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The Atmosphere The Atmosphere. The earth is surrounded by layers of gases, our atmosphere. They are kept near the earth’s surface by gravity. Our atmosphere filters the sunlight and keeps dangerous rays from reaching our planet. Without such a filter it would get too hot during the daytime.At night it prevents heat from escaping so it does not get too cold.he Atmosphere. The earth is surrounded by layers of gases, our atmosphere. They are kept near the earth’s surface by gravity. Our atmosphere filters the sunlight and keeps dangerous rays from reaching our planet. Without such a filter it would get too hot during the daytime.
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- The sun emits mostly visible light. Visible light, or the colors that we see are parts of the electromagnetic radiation spectrum. The Earth emits mostly longer wavelength infrared radiation that we cannot see. Sunlight made up of visible light passes through the atmosphere on the way into Earth, but the greenhouse gases in the Earth's atmosphere absorb infrared radiation going out to space.
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Sunlight The ultraviolet radiation in sunlight has both positive and negative health effects, as it is both a principal source of vitamin D 3 and a mutagen. Sunlight takes about 8.3 minutes to reach Earth from the surface of the Sun. A photon starting at the center of the Sun and changing direction every time it encounters a charged particle would take between 10,000 and 170,000 years to get to the surface.
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- The solar radiation intensity at Earth's surface is only about a tenth of what is experienced in Space at Earth's orbit. The Earth's magnetic field also redirects and removes much of the charged-particle radiation approaching Earth. A thick atmosphere of light molecules is an excellent protection against radiation. In fact, very light molecules such as hydrogen and helium are even better than heavier molecules to take out the higher-energy particles. Water is probably the most effective radiation shield of all. Unfortunately, there is no evident way of generating either a thick atmosphere (which requires strong gravity to hold it in place) or a blanket of water a couple of feet thick for habitats of any considerable size.
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Atmosphere of the Sun: Photosphere, Chromosphere & Corona The lowest layer of the sun's atmosphere is the photosphere. It is about 300 miles (500 kilometers) thick. This layer is where the sun's energy is released as light. Because of the distance from the sun to Earth, light reaches our planet in about eight minutes.
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- The balance between energy absorbed by the earth and energy reflected back into space is fundamental in determining how warm or cool the planet becomes. The proportion of radiation reflected away by a surface is called its albedo. Albedo can range between 0 (no reflectance) and 1 (complete reflectance—like a mirror). The earth’s average albedo is .31, which means that, overall, the planet reflects about 31% of incoming solar radiation back into space.
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- Note how the Sun emits the most radiation in the visible range (with some overlap in the UV and IR) while the Earth emits mostly infrared radiation. The incoming energy from the Sun to Earth is mainly visible sunlight, called the visible portion of the spectrum of electromagnetic radiation.We perceive visible sunlight as colors from violet (short-wave radiation) to red (long-wave radiation).raph showing the mostly visible radiation spectrum emitted from the Sun as seen from the surface of the Earth (left curve) and the IR radiation emitted Earth as seen from space (right curve). Compared it to Figure 1 this graph shows the wavelengths that are absorbed by atmospheric gases, causing gaps in the spectrum.
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Season When sunlight shines on the earth at a lower angle (sun closer to the horizon), the energy of the sunlight is spread over a larger area, and is therefore weaker than if the sun is higher overhead and the energy is concentrated on a smaller area.(See Figure 1 .).his diagram illustrates how sunlight is spread over a greater area in the polar regions. In addition to the density of incident light, the dissipation of light in the atmosphere is greater when it falls at a shallow angle.
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Earth's Energy Balance 100% of the energy entering earth’s atmosphere comes from the sun. ~50% of the incoming energy is absorbed by the earth’s surface i.e. the land and oceans. ~30% is directly reflected back to space by clouds, the earth’s surface and different gases and particles in the atmosphere (the earth's albedo is 0.3 on average).
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Energy: The Driver of Climate In the following investigation you will learn about Earth’s energy budget and the processes that balance the incoming solar radiation and the outgoing terrestrial radiation. To balance the absorbed incoming energy, Earth must on average, emit the same amount of radiation to space.
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Solar Radiation and the Earth's Energy Balance. This is what makes the part of the Earth lit by the sun visible from space (Figure 8) in the same way that the moon and the other members of the solar system are visible to us, despite their lack of an inner source of visible radiation. The most obvious aspect of Figure 8 is the brightness of the Earth's cloud cover.
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Solar Radiation at Earth every square meter of Earth's surface would receive 1,368 watts of energy from the Sun. Although Earth does intercept the same total amount of solar EM radiation as would a flat disk of the Earth's radius (see figure below), that energy is spread out over a larger area. The surface of a sphere has an area four times as great as the area of a disk of the same radius.
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Solar Radiation and the Earth's Energy Balance. 1 Solar energy and gravitational energy are the fundamental sources of energy for the Earth's climate system. 2  In the ideal case (referred to as black body) matter will absorb all the energy impinging on it in the form of electromagnetic waves and as a result will warm up and itself become a radiation source.
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Heating the Earth Sunlight carries energy, which warms up the Earth and is the driving force behind all our weather and climate. As the ground is heated by sunlight, it begins to radiate, but being too cool to radiate even a dull red, its radiation is in the infra-red range.
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Sunlight Sunlight shining through clouds, giving rise to crepuscular rays. Sunlight is a portion of the electromagnetic radiation given off by the Sun, in particular infrared, visible, and ultraviolet light.On Earth, sunlight is filtered through Earth's atmosphere, and is obvious as daylight when the Sun is above the horizon.When the direct solar radiation is not blocked by clouds, it is experienced as sunshine, a combination of bright light and radiant heat.unlight shining through clouds, giving rise to crepuscular rays. Sunlight is a portion of the electromagnetic radiation given off by the Sun, in particular infrared, visible, and ultraviolet light.
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Climate and Earth's Energy Balance Energy is transferred from the sun to Earth via electromagnetic waves, or radiation. Most of the energy that passes through the upper atmosphere and reaches Earth's surface is in two forms, visible and infrared light. The majority of this light is in the visible spectrum.
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1. the suns rays reach the earths surface without any proble This slows down most of the IR radiation from leaving the atmosphere which. increases the temperature of the Earth because the IR radiation spends more time in the atmosphere. 1. the Sun's rays easily reach the earths surface because the sun mostly emits visible light (along with infrared ant ultraviolet radiation). It mostly releases visible light because specific frequencies are emitted when the temperature is in the required range.
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Solar Radiation and the Earth's Energy Balance. 1 Solar energy and gravitational energy are the fundamental sources of energy for the Earth's climate system.  In the ideal case (referred to as black body) matter will absorb all the energy impinging on it in the form of electromagnetic waves and as a result will warm up and itself become a radiation source.
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Energy, Plants & Man Thus, about 71 percent of the total incoming solar energy is absorbed by the Earth system. Of the 340 watts per square meter of solar energy that falls on the Earth, 29% is reflected back into space, primarily by clouds, but also by other bright surfaces and the atmosphere itself. About 23% of incoming energy is absorbed in the atmosphere by atmospheric gases, dust, and other particles.
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- When the sun rays that comes from the sun light goes through the atmosphere of the Earth, they seem to carry with them the environment of gases, air, carbon dioxide that people breath out, emotions, and the pollution of the earth into the atmosphere of the moon, and when it reaches the moon, then the appearance of the moon turns into blood (red moon ...
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An overview of peat in Florida and related issues ( FGS: Special publication 27 ) The amount of energy reaching the top of Earth’s atmosphere. each second on a surface area of one square metre facing the. Sun during daytime is about 1,370 Watts, and the amount of en-. ergy per square metre per second averaged over the entire planet. is one-quarter of this (see Figure 1). About 30% of the sunlight.
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The atmosphere is heated chiefly by radiation emitted by Earth? The atmosphere is heated chiefly by radiation emitted by Earth? The atmosphere is heated chiefly by radiation from Earth's surface  rather than by direct solar radiation because about 50 percent of  the solar energy is absorbed at Earth' … s surface. 30 percent is  reflected back to space.
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- Approximately 50 percent of the solar energy that strikes the top of the atmosphere reaches Earth's surface. About 30 percent is reflected back to space by the atmosphere.The remaining 20 percent of the energy is absorbed by clouds and the atmosphere's gases.ecause Earth has a much lower surface temperature than the Sun, its radiation is in the form of longwave infrared radiation. Because the atmospheric gases, primarily water vapor and carbon dioxide, are more efficient absorbers of terrestrial (longwave) radiation, the atmosphere is heated from the ground up.
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- 1 Consequently 22.5 percent of incoming solar radiation goes directly to the surface of the Earth and is absorbed. 2  Transfer of radiation through a planet's atmosphere. 3  A planet and its atmosphere, in our solar system, can radiate back to space only as much energy as it absorbs from incoming solar radiation. Reflectivity: 35% of incoming solar radiation is reflected back to space). 2  Clouds; Twenty-four percent of incoming solar radiation is reflected by clouds, 4% by the Earth's surface.