what is porencephaly
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A to Z List of Neurological Disorders Porencephaly is an extremely rare disorder of the central nervous system in which a cyst or cavity filled with cerebrospinal fluid develops in the brain.he prognosis for children with porencephaly varies according to the location and extent of the cysts or cavities. Some children with this disorder develop only minor neurological problems and have normal intelligence, while others may be severely disabled and die before their second decade of life.
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- Definition. Porencephaly is a rare condition in which fluid-filled hollows or cavities develop on the surface of the brain. These cavities usually form at sites where damage has been caused by infection, loss of blood flow, or stroke during brain development, but may also be genetic in origin.efinition. Porencephaly is a rare condition in which fluid-filled hollows or cavities develop on the surface of the brain. These cavities usually form at sites where damage has been caused by infection, loss of blood flow, or stroke during brain development, but may also be genetic in origin.
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Hydranencephaly Causes Hydranencephaly is an extreme form of porencephaly, which is characterized by a cyst or cavity in the cerebral hemispheres. Although the exact cause of hydranencephaly remains undetermined in most cases, the most likely general cause is by vascular insult such as stroke or injury, intrauterine infections, or traumatic disorders after the first trimester of pregnancy.
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telencephalon telencephalon. 1. one of the two divisions of the prosencephalon, composing the cerebrum (q.v.). 2. the anterior of the two vesicles formed by specialization of the prosencephalon in embryonic development; from it the cerebral hemispheres are derived.telencephal´ic.elencephalon. 1. one of the two divisions of the prosencephalon, composing the cerebrum (q.v.). 2. the anterior of the two vesicles formed by specialization of the prosencephalon in embryonic development; from it the cerebral hemispheres are derived.telencephal´ic.
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Periventricular Leukomalacia, or PVL Periventricular Leukomalacia, or PVL. The brain’s white matter serves a vital purpose within the human body in that it transports impulses to gray matter cells. When a person suffers a periventricular leukomalacia injury, these functions are impaired. PVL is a strikingly common causal factor among children with cerebral palsy that leads to intellectual impairment and spasticity that require therapy and treatment.
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- telencephalon. 1. one of the two divisions of the prosencephalon, consisting of the cerebrum. 2. the anterior of the two vesicles formed by specialization of the prosencephalon in embryonic development. Called also endbrain. adj., adj telencephal´ic.elencephalon. 1. one of the two divisions of the prosencephalon, composing the cerebrum (q.v.). 2. the anterior of the two vesicles formed by specialization of the prosencephalon in embryonic development; from it the cerebral hemispheres are derived.telencephal´ic.
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What is Porencephaly? 1 Porencephaly: A central nervous system disorder involving cysts in the brain cortex caused by stroke, infection or genetic anomaly. Porencephaly: A central nervous system disorder involving cysts in the brain cortex caused by stroke, infection or genetic anomaly.
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- The diencephalon or interbrain is one of the major regions of the brain in vertebrates. It consists of several structures between the brainstem and the cerebrum, including the thalamus, hypothalamus, epithalamus, pituitary gland, and pineal gland.Embryologically, the diencephalon begins as the region of the embryonic vertebrate neural tube that gives rise to posterior forebrain structures.he optic nerve (CNII) attaches to the diencephalon. The optic nerve is a sensory (afferent) nerve responsible for vision; it runs from the eye through the optic canal in the skull and attaches to the diencephalon. The retina itself is derived from the optic cup, a part of the embryonic diencephalon.
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Holoprosencephaly Holoprosencephaly is characterized by the failure of the prosencephalon (the forebrain of the embryo) to develop. During normal development, the forebrain is formed and the face begins to develop in the fifth and sixth weeks of pregnancy.
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- n. 1. The most anterior of the three primary regions of the embryonic brain from which the telencephalon and diencephalon develop. 2. The segment of the adult brain that develops from the embryonic forebrain and includes the cerebrum, thalamus, and hypothalamus.elencephalon-the anterior division of the forebrain; the cerebrum and related parts of the hypothalamus. betweenbrain, diencephalon, interbrain, thalmencephalon-the posterior division of the forebrain; connects the cerebral hemispheres with the mesencephalon. Translations.
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Hydrocephalus Not to be confused with Hypocephalus or Hydranencephaly. Hydrocephalus is a condition in which there is an abnormal accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) within the brain. This typically causes increased pressure inside the skull. Older people may have headaches, double vision, poor balance, urinary incontinence, personality changes, or mental impairment.
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WELCOME!Letâs Stay Connected. Sign-Up to receive breaking rare disease information, news and stories right to your inbox! (We value your privacy. Your email address will not be shared.)SIGN ME UP Holoprosencephaly is a birth defect that arises during the first few weeks of the pregnancy. Diabetes in the mother during the pregnancy can increase the risk of holoprosencephaly in the fetus. However, for most children, there is no known intrauterine exposure that can be related to holoprosencephaly.
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Anencephaly Infants with anencephaly are born without the front part of the brain, (forebrain) and the thinking and coordinating part of the brain (cerebral hemispheres and cerebellum). Most of the time the remaining brain tissue may be exposed, without skull or scalp to cover and protect it. Although reflex actions such as breathing and responses to touch or sound may occur, gaining consciousness is not possible. Usually infants with anencephaly do not survive more than a few days or weeks.
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Putamen The putamen (/pjutˈeɪmən/) is a round structure located at the base of the forebrain (telencephalon). The putamen and caudate nucleus together form the dorsal striatum. It is also one of the structures that comprises the basal ganglia. Through various pathways, the putamen is connected to the substantia nigra and globus pallidus.
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- 1 Schizencephaly: A very rare disorder where the brain fails to develop normally and slits or clefts form in the brain.2  They type and severity of symptoms is determined by the degree of abnormality. Schizencephaly: A very rare disorder where the brain fails to develop normally and slits or clefts form in the brain.
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Hydranencephaly, Schizencephaly Schizencephaly is a form of porencephaly in which the brain's hemispheres are marked by abnormal slits or clefts. The clefts may occur in one hemisphere (unilateral) or occur in both hemispheres (bilateral).
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Schizencephaly Schizencephaly: A developmental disorder of the brain characterized by abnormal slits, or clefts, in the cerebral hemispheres.Schizencephaly is a form of porencephaly.chizencephaly: A developmental disorder of the brain characterized by abnormal slits, or clefts, in the cerebral hemispheres. Schizencephaly is a form of porencephaly.
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Bilateral perisylvian polymicrogyria Bilateral perisylvian polymicrogyria (BPP) is a rare neurological disorder that affects the cerebral cortex (the outer surface of the brain).
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Porphyria Porphyria is a group of disorders that can cause nerve or skin problems. A porphyria that affects the skin is called cutaneous porphyria. A porphyria that affects the nervous system is called acute porphyria.
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Encephalopathy Encephalopathy is a broad term used to describe abnormal brain function or brain structure. (Encephalo= brain + pathy= disorder). The abnormality may be transient, recurrent, or permanent. The loss of brain function may be reversible, static and stable, or progressive with increasing loss of brain activity over time.
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Anencephaly Anencephaly is a condition that prevents the normal development of the brain and the bones of the skull. This condition results when a structure called the neural tube fails to close during the first few weeks of embryonic development.ecause anencephaly is caused by abnormalities of the neural tube, it is classified as a neural tube defect. Because the neural tube fails to close properly, the developing brain and spinal cord are exposed to the amniotic fluid that surrounds the fetus in the womb.
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- Porencephaly: A disorder of the central nervous system involving a cyst or cavity in a cerebral hemisphere of the brain.The cysts or cavities are usually the remnants of destructive lesions, but are sometimes the result of abnormal development.orencephaly has a number of different causes including absence of brain development and destruction of brain tissue. The presence of porencephalic cysts can sometimes be detected by transillumination of the skull in infancy (when a strong light is shined through the head).
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Overview Porphyria (poor-FEAR-e-uh) refers to a group of disorders that result from a buildup of natural chemicals that produce porphyrin in your body. Porphyrins are essential for the function of hemoglobin — a protein in your red blood cells that links to porphyrin, binds iron, and carries oxygen to your organs and tissue.
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A to Z List of Neurological Disorders Craniosynostosis is a birth defect of the brain characterized by the premature closure of one or more of the fibrous joints between the bones of the skull (called the cranial sutures) before brain growth is complete.Closure of a single suture is most common.In contrast to normal skull growth, in which the skull expands uniformly to accommodate the growth of the brain, premature closure of a single suture restricts the growth in that part of the skull and promotes growth in other parts of the skull where sutures remain open.raniosynostosis is a birth defect of the brain characterized by the premature closure of one or more of the fibrous joints between the bones of the skull (called the cranial sutures) before brain growth is complete.
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Spina bifida Click here to view a larger image. Anencephaly is a serious birth defect in which a baby is born without parts of the brain and skull. It is a type of neural tube defect (NTD).These are birth defects that happen during the first month of pregnancy, usually before a woman knows she is pregnant.lick here to view a larger image. Anencephaly is a serious birth defect in which a baby is born without parts of the brain and skull. It is a type of neural tube defect (NTD).
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- Lissencephaly, which literally means smooth brain, is a rare, gene-linked brain malformation characterized by the absence of normal convolutions (folds) in the cerebral cortex and an abnormally small head (microcephaly). In the usual condition of lissencephaly, children usually have a normal sized head at birth.
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- Anencephaly is one of the most common types of neural tube defect, affecting about 1 in 1,000 pregnancies. However, most of these pregnancies end in miscarriage, so the prevalence of this condition in newborns is much lower. An estimated 1 in 10,000 infants in the United States is born with anencephaly.