what is cni toxicity
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- Renal calcineurin inhibitor (CNI) toxicity is a frequent side effect of immunosuppression with CNIs in solid organ transplantation, leading to acute and chronic renal failure.n Doppler sonography, we observed reverse diastolic intrarenal blood flow, reflecting intense vessel narrowing. There were histological signs of acute CNI toxicity. Within days of reducing the tacrolimus trough level, renal function improved markedly and Doppler sonography showed orthograde intrarenal blood flow.
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Common variable immunodeficiency Common variable immune deficiency (CVID) is a disorder that impairs the immune system. People with CVID are highly susceptible to infection from foreign invaders such as bacteria, or more rarely, viruses and often develop recurrent infections, particularly in the lungs, sinuses, and ears.ommon variable immune deficiency (CVID) is a disorder that impairs the immune system. People with CVID are highly susceptible to infection from foreign invaders such as bacteria, or more rarely, viruses and often develop recurrent infections, particularly in the lungs, sinuses, and ears.
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- The cyanide ion halts cellular respiration by inhibiting an enzyme in the mitochondria called cytochrome c oxidase. Cyanide poisoning is a form of histotoxic hypoxia because the cells of an organism are unable to use oxygen, primarily through the inhibition of cytochrome c oxidase.hiosulfate + cyanide sulfite + thiocyanate Cyanide poisoning occurs when a living organism is exposed to a compound that produces cyanide ions (CN−) when dissolved in water. Common poisonous cyanide compounds include hydrogen cyanide gas and the crystalline solids potassium cyanide and sodium cyanide.
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- Cyanide poisoning occurs when a living organism is exposed to a compound that produces cyanide ions (CN −) when dissolved in water.Common poisonous cyanide compounds include hydrogen cyanide gas and the crystalline solids potassium cyanide and sodium cyanide.The cyanide ion halts cellular respiration by inhibiting an enzyme in the mitochondria called cytochrome c oxidase.yanide poisoning occurs when a living organism is exposed to a compound that produces cyanide ions (CN −) when dissolved in water.
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- Cyanide poisoning is a form of histotoxic hypoxia because the cells of an organism are unable to use oxygen, primarily through the inhibition of cytochrome c oxidase.ommon poisonous cyanide compounds include hydrogen cyanide gas and the crystalline solids potassium cyanide and sodium cyanide. The cyanide ion halts cellular respiration by inhibiting an enzyme in the mitochondria called cytochrome c oxidase.
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- Thus, BZ causes PNS effects that in general are the opposite of those seen in nerve agent poisoning. CNS effects include stupor, confusion, and confabulation with concrete and panoramic illusions and hallucinations, and with regression to primitive, involuntary behaviors such as floccillation and disrobing.
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QUININE Link to Problems for Discussion. Quinine poisoning presents a unique toxicological syndrome comprising cardiovascular quinidine-like effects, visual loss, CNS signs and cinchonism (tinnitus, paraesthesiae, ataxia). Treatment of arrhythmias is similar to that for tricyclic antidepressants.n patients with unconsciousness and ECG changes the diagnosis of quinine poisoning is suggested by fixed dilated pupils (see also differential diagnosis of coma, seizures and arrhythmias). Includes maintenance of the airway and ventilation, IV access and fluids.
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Primer: histopathology of calcineurin-inhibitor toxicity in renal allografts This form of CNI-related toxicity occurs several months after renal transplantation. Characterized by a slow, insidious increase in the serum creatinine level, patients usually have hypertension and sometimes moderate to nephrotic-range proteinuria.oxic tubulopathy. Patients with CNI-induced toxic tubulopathy present with acute allograft dysfunction, usually associated with an elevated serum drug level. As a consequence of the lowering of maintenance CNI doses over the past decade, the incidence of tubulopathy has fallen markedly.
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Methylmercury poisoning Unborn babies and infants are very sensitive to methylmercury's effects. Methylmercury causes central nervous system (brain and spinal cord) damage. How bad the damage is depends on how much poison gets into the body. Many of the symptoms of mercury poisoning are similar to symptoms of cerebral palsy. In fact, methylmercury is thought to cause a form of cerebral palsy.
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- What is Chronic V enous Insufficiency (CVI)? Chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) is a common cause ofleg pain and swelling, and is commonly associated withvaricose veins. It occurs when the valves of the veins donot function properly, and the circulation of blood in theleg veins is impaired.CVI may affect up to 20 percentof adults.CVI can be caused by damaged valves in theveins or vein blockage. Both may be a result of deep veinthrombosis (DVT) or blood clots in the deep veins of thelegs. If a clot forms in the superficial veins, there is a verylow risk of DVT occurring.VI may affect up to 20 percentof adults. CVI can be caused by damaged valves in theveins or vein blockage. Both may be a result of deep veinthrombosis (DVT) or blood clots in the deep veins of thelegs. If a clot forms in the superficial veins, there is a verylow risk of DVT occurring.
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Digitalis Toxicity Many diuretics can cause potassium loss. Low levels of potassium in the body increase the risk of digitalis toxicity. Digitalis toxicity may also result in persons who take the drug and who have low levels of magnesium in the body.
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Digitalis Toxicity Hypokalemia is usually observed with chronic toxicity or in patients taking diuretics; it reduces the rate of Na + /K + ATPase pump turnover and exacerbates pump inhibition due to digitalis. Hyperkalemia is the usual electrolyte abnormality precipitated by digoxin toxicity, primarily in the acute setting.
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Digitalis Toxicity The incidence of digitalis toxicity has declined in recent years, due to decreased use of this drug along with improved technology for monitoring of drug levels and increased awareness of drug interactions.he most common precipitating cause of digitalis intoxication is depletion of potassium stores, which occurs often in patients with heart failure as a result of diuretic therapy and secondary hyperaldosteronism.
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Common Variable Immune Deficiency Common Variable Immune Deficiency (CVID) is a frequently diagnosed immunodeficiency, especially in adults, characterized by low levels of serum immunoglobulins and antibodies, which causes an increased susceptibility to infection.
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Fentanyl Injection WITHDRAWAL SYNDROME; CYTOCHROME P450 3A4 INTERACTION; and RISKS FROM CONCOMITANT USE WITH BENZODIAZEPINES OR OTHER CNS DEPRESSANTS. Addiction, Abuse, and Misuse. Oxycodone hydrochloride tablets exposes patients and other users to the risks of opioid addiction, abuse, and misuse, which can lead to overdose and death.
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Cyanide Poisoning Common sources of cyanide poisoning include: 1  Fires: Smoke inhalation during the burning of common substances such as rubber, plastic, and silk can create cyanide fumes. 2  Photography, chemical research, synthetic plastics, metal processing, and electroplating industries use cyanide. One of the side effects of laetrile is cyanide poisoning. 2  The FDA has not approved laetrile as a cancer treatment in the United States. 3  The drug is also made and used as a cancer treatment in Mexico under the name laetrile/amygdalin.. 4  Certain chemicals, after ingestion, can be converted by the body into cyanide.
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Toxic encephalopathy (Redirected from Toxic metabolic encephalopathy). Toxic encephalopathy is a degenerative neurologic disorder caused by exposure to toxic substances like organic solvents. Exposure to toxic substances can lead to a variety of symptoms, characterized by an altered mental status, memory loss, and visual problems.Toxic encephalopathy can be caused by various chemicals, some of which are commonly used in everyday life.Toxic encephalopathy can permanently damage the brain and currently, treatment is mainly just for the symptoms.oxic encephalopathy has a wide variety of symptoms, which can include memory loss, small personality changes/increased irritability, insidious onset of concentration difficulties, involuntary movements, fatigue, seizures, arm strength problems, and depression.
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What Does Home Mean to You? My husband and I moved our family 10 times over a period of 22 years. Before we became nomads, we thought of home as where we had grown up. (Iowa for him, Delaware for me.) Now that we’re adults, home is wherever we gather with our family and friends.y husband and I lost our home to Hurricane Ivan in 2004. We purchased a 29-foot RV, parked it next to the shell of our house, and called it home for two years while we rebuilt. We laugh, because although we now have a big, beautiful new house, we just can’t seem to part with that little RV.
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- Independent billing by NPs and PAs accounted for 4 percent of 2011 spending on the Medicare fee schedule, between $2 billion and $3 billion. The government does not know the amount of incident-to billing for a clinician working under their direct supervision, because only the physicians’ identification is listed.ndependent billing by NPs and PAs accounted for 4 percent of 2011 spending on the Medicare fee schedule, between $2 billion and $3 billion. The government does not know the amount of incident-to billing for a clinician working under their direct supervision, because only the physicians’ identification is listed.
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Critical Limb Ischemia (CLI) Critical Limb Ischemia (CLI) Critical Limb Ischemia (CLI) is a severe obstruction of the arteries which markedly reduces blood flow to the extremities (hands, feet and legs) and has progressed to the point of severe pain and even skin ulcers or sores. The pain caused by CLI can wake up an individual at night.
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Risk Models for Predicting Chemotherapy-Induced Neutropenia Chemotherapy-induced neutropenia (CIN) is the major dose-limiting toxicity of systemic cancer chemotherapy, and it is associated with substantial morbidity, mortality, and costs. Neutropenia may result in fever and neutropenia, or febrile neutropenia (FN), often necessitating hospitalization for evaluation and empiric broad-spectrum antibiotics.
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Ricin poisoning Ricin can potentially be used as a biological weapon. It can be turned into an aerosol and inhaled. It can also be ingested from poisoned food or a contaminated water supply or injected. Signs and symptoms of ricin poisoning depend on whether a person inhales or ingests ricin. Inhaled ricin causes fever, chest tightness, cough and severe respiratory problems, including fluid buildup in the lungs (pulmonary edema). Ingested ricin causes intestinal bleeding and organ damage. The poison can kill within three days of exposure.
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Contrast Dye and the Kidneys CIN is a rare disorder and occurs when kidney problems are caused by the use of certain contrast dyes. In most cases contrast dyes used in tests, such as CT (computerized tomography) and angiograms, have no reported problems. About 2 percent of people receiving dyes can develop CIN.
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NAPQI NAPQI (N-acetyl-p-benzoquinone imine) is a toxic byproduct produced during the xenobiotic metabolism of the analgesic paracetamol (acetaminophen). It is normally produced only in small amounts, and then almost immediately detoxified in the liver. However, under some conditions in which NAPQI is not effectively detoxified (usually in case of paracetamol overdose), it causes severe damage to the liver. This becomes apparent 3–4 days after ingestion and may result in death from fulminant liver failure several days after the overdose.
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Digitalis Toxicity (Digitalis Poisoning) These symptoms include fatigue, malaise, and visual disturbances. The classic features of digoxin toxicity are nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, headache, dizziness, confusion, delirium, vision disturbance (blurred or yellow vision).
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- Dioxin poisoning may cause the kidneys to shut down. Organ failure may occur as a result of dioxin poisoning. Dioxins may be present in certain herbicides. Compounds like agent orange may cause cancer and heart problems, although these conditions may not be diagnosed until years after exposure.