what is primary hyperoxaluria
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- Primary hyperoxaluria results in increased excretion of oxalate, with oxalate stones being common.The oxalate in these common conditions is derived from dietary sources or is secondary to malabsorption.Primary hyperoxaluria, on the other hand, refers to a specific type of hyperoxaluria that is due to a metabolic defect resulting from a heritable genetic defect.he oxalate in these common conditions is derived from dietary sources or is secondary to malabsorption. Primary hyperoxaluria, on the other hand, refers to a specific type of hyperoxaluria that is due to a metabolic defect resulting from a heritable genetic defect.
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Polyuria - Frequent Urination Polyuria-Frequent Urination. Polyuria is defined as urinating more than 3 litres a day. Polyuria is a condition where the body urinates more than usual and passes excessive or abnormally large amounts of urine each time you urinate.
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Hypercalciuria - what is, definition and causes Hypercalciuria - what is, definition and causes. Excessive excretion of calcium in the URINE. About 80 percent of people who have kidney stones (NEPHROLITHIASIS) or BLADDER stones (UROLITHIASIS) have hypercalciuria. In most people the circumstance appears a combination of factors that typically include high dietary calcium intake, insufficient water consumption (resulting in low urine volume), and physical inactivity.
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Read the Full Transcript of Jesse Williamsâ Powerful Speech on Race at the BET Awards Read the Full Transcript of Jesse Williams’ Powerful Speech on Race at the BET Awards. Kevin Winter/BET—Getty Images for BETHonoree Jesse Williams accepts the Humanitarian Award onstage during the 2016 BET Awards at the Microsoft Theater on June 26, 2016 in Los Angeles, California.
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Microalbuminuria Microalbuminuria is a term to describe a moderate increase in the level of urine albumin. It occurs when the kidney leaks small amounts of albumin into the urine, in other words, when there is an abnormally high permeability for albumin in the glomerulus of the kidney.icroalbuminuria can be diagnosed from a 24-hour urine collection (between 30–300 mg/24 hours) or, more commonly, from elevated concentrations in a spot sample (30 to 300 mg/L).
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Microalbuminuria Microalbuminuria is a term to describe a moderate increase in the level of urine albumin. It occurs when the kidney leaks small amounts of albumin into the urine, in other words, when there is an abnormally high permeability for albumin in the glomerulus of the kidney. Normally the kidneys filter albumin, so if albumin is found in the urine it's then a marker of kidney disease. The term 'microalbuminuria' is now discouraged by KDIGO and has been replaced by 'moderately increased albuminuria'.
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Urology Nutritional recommendations for addressing oxalate as a means of reducing the risk of kidney stones are some of the most complex and misunderstood. Approximately 20 percent of individuals who form calcium oxalate stones have hyperoxaluria (high oxalate in their urine).utritional recommendations for addressing oxalate as a means of reducing the risk of kidney stones are some of the most complex and misunderstood. Approximately 20 percent of individuals who form calcium oxalate stones have hyperoxaluria (high oxalate in their urine).
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Alkaptonuria Alkaptonuria is an inherited condition that causes urine to turn black when exposed to air. Ochronosis, a buildup of dark pigment in connective tissues such as cartilage and skin, is also characteristic of the disorder. This blue-black pigmentation usually appears after age 30. People with alkaptonuria typically develop arthritis, particularly in the spine and large joints, beginning in early adulthood.
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Homovanillic acid Homovanillic acid. Homovanillic acid (HVA) is a major catecholamine metabolite that is produced by a consecutive action of monoamine oxidase and catechol-O-methyltransferase on dopamine. Homovanillic acid is used as a reagent to detect oxidative enzymes, and is associated with dopamine levels in the brain.
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Frequent Daytime Urination- Pollakiuria Frequent Daytime Urination-Pollakiuria. Pollakiuria, also called extraordinary daytime urinary frequency, is a benign condition defined as frequent small voids in a previously toilet trained child with no polyuria or evidence of infection. The condition is self-limited with an average duration of 7-12 months.
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Hemoglobinuria In medicine, hemoglobinuria or haemoglobinuria is a condition in which the oxygen transport protein hemoglobin is found in abnormally high concentrations in the urine.n medicine, hemoglobinuria or haemoglobinuria is a condition in which the oxygen transport protein hemoglobin is found in abnormally high concentrations in the urine.
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- Proteinuria is an abnormal condition in which the kidney releases too much protein into the urine. Proteinuria is also known as albuminuria, due to the presence of one type of protein, albumin, in the urine. It is often caused by dysfunctional kidneys, high blood pressure, or diabetes.Proteinuria is a sign of chronic disease of or damage to the kidneys.Proteins circulate within the blood, are essential for various body processes. Normally, the kidneys block the passage of protein, keeping it in the blood for delivery to the body’s tissues and organs.roteinuria is also known as albuminuria, due to the presence of one type of protein, albumin, in the urine. It is often caused by dysfunctional kidneys, high blood pressure, or diabetes.
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Hypercalciuria, Calcium in the Urine: Cause or Effect of Stone Disease? As stated above, hypercalciuria is the most common abnormality found in calcium stone formers. In its normal state, the kidney filters and resorbs about 270mmol of calcium on a daily basis – only 4mmol is is excreted in the urine on average.
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Hypercalciuria, Calcium in the Urine: Cause or Effect of Stone Disease? Resorptive hypercalciuria is caused by primary hyperparathyroidism. In this state, excessive PTH causes elevated serum and urine calcium levels through excessive bone resorption and increased renal synthesis of calcitriol leading to enhanced intestinal absorption of calcium.
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- Primary hyperoxaluria is a rare condition characterized by the overproduction of a substance called oxalate (also called oxalic acid).In the kidneys, the excess oxalate combines with calcium to form calcium oxalate, a hard compound that is the main component of kidney stones.rimary hyperoxaluria is caused by the shortage (deficiency) of an enzyme that normally prevents the buildup of oxalate. There are two types of primary hyperoxaluria, distinguished by the enzyme that is deficient.
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Myoglobinuria Myoglobinuria is the presence of myoglobin in the urine, usually associated with rhabdomyolysis or muscle destruction. Myoglobin is present in muscle cells as a reserve of oxygen.
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ACR ACR. Albuminuria. Albuminuria is increased excretion of urinary albumin and a marker of kidney damage. Normal individuals excrete very small amounts of protein in the urine. Albumin is the most common type of protein in the urine. All patients with CKD should be screened for albuminuria. Persistent increased protein in the urine (two positive tests over 3 or more months) is the principal marker of kidney damage, acting as an early and sensitive marker in many types of kidney disease.
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Practice Essentials Background. Primary pulmonary hypertension (PPH) is a rare disease characterized by elevated pulmonary artery pressure with no apparent cause. PPH is also termed precapillary pulmonary hypertension or, more recently, idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH).
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Hyperaldosteronism Primary aldosteronism. The term primary hyperaldosteronism (or primary aldosteronism [PA]) refers to a renin-independent increase in the secretion of aldosterone. This condition is principally a disease of adulthood, with its peak incidence in the fourth to sixth decades of life.
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Microalbuminuria Microalbuminuria is a term to describe a moderate increase in the level of urine albumin. It occurs when the kidney leaks small amounts of albumin into the urine, in other words, when there is an abnormally high permeability for albumin in the glomerulus of the kidney.icroalbuminuria is a term to describe a moderate increase in the level of urine albumin. It occurs when the kidney leaks small amounts of albumin into the urine, in other words, when there is an abnormally high permeability for albumin in the glomerulus of the kidney.
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Polyuria - Frequent Urination Polyuria is a condition where the body urinates more than usual and passes excessive or abnormally large amounts of urine each time you urinate. Polyuria is defined as the frequent passage of large volumes of urine - more than 3 litres a day compared to the normal daily urine output in adults of about one to two litres.
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Hematuria Similarly, high-intensity exercise can occasionally cause hematuria. As such, an athlete with blood in their urine after vigorous exercise usually just needs a repeat urine test. For patients with suspected kidney stones, a common cause of hematuria, CT scanning or Ultrasound is often the first step.
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Kidney Stones Hyperuricosuria is a condition in which there are high levels of uric acid in urine. It occurs in 15 - 20% of people (mostly men) with calcium oxalate stones. Urate, the salt formed from uric acid, creates the center of a crystal (nidus), around which calcium oxalate crystals form and grow. Such stones tend to be severe and recurrent. They appear to be strongly related to a high intake of protein.
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Nephrolithiasis Compared with the patients on a low-calcium diet, the patients on the normal calcium, low-sodium, low-protein diet had a 50% reduction in stone risk at 5 years. In some calcium stone patients, the mechanism for the increased rate of calcium oxalate stones is the presence of hyperoxaluria. The hyperoxaluria is usually secondary to high dietary oxalate intake caused by ingestion of foods or liquids containing large quantities of oxalate.