what is paraprotein
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Definitions &Translations Paraprotein. A paraprotein is an immunoglobulin or immunoglobulin light-chain that is produced in excess by the clonal proliferation of plasma cells. Detection of paraproteins in the urine or blood is most often associated with benign MGUS, where they remain silent, and multiple myeloma.An excess in the blood is known as paraproteinemia. Paraproteins form a narrow band, or 'spike' in protein electrophoresis as they are all exactly the same protein.etection of paraproteins in the urine or blood is most often associated with benign MGUS, where they remain silent, and multiple myeloma. An excess in the blood is known as paraproteinemia. Paraproteins form a narrow band, or 'spike' in protein electrophoresis as they are all exactly the same protein.
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Paraproteinaemia Based on the type of the plasma cells, either whole immunoglobulins of IgG or IgM class are produced or just light or heavy chains are synthesised. The presence of paraproteins manifests itself in serum electrophoresis as a narrow and high peak in the band of γ-globulins. If only light chains are synthesized, it is called Bence-Jones protein. Bence-Jones protein is filtered into urine, but the dipstick method for proteinuria is not sensitive to it.
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Vasopressin Vasopressin, also named antidiuretic hormone, arginine vasopressin or argipressin, is a hormone synthesized as a peptide prohormone in neurons in the hypothalamus, and is converted to AVP. It then travels down the axon of that cell, which terminates in the posterior pituitary, and is released from vesicles into the circulation in response to extracellular fluid hypertonicity. AVP has two primary functions. First, it increases the amount of solute-free water reabsorbed back into the circulation f
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- Compare RNA-dependent RNA polymerase. RNA polymerase (RNAP or RNApol), also known as DNA-dependent RNA polymerase, is an enzyme that produces primary transcript RNA. In cells, RNAP is necessary for constructing RNA chains using DNA genes as templates, a process called transcription.RNA polymerase enzymes are essential to life and are found in all organisms and many viruses.n cells, RNAP is necessary for constructing RNA chains using DNA genes as templates, a process called transcription. RNA polymerase enzymes are essential to life and are found in all organisms and many viruses.
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Investigating an incidental finding of a paraprotein What is the next investigation? Raised serum globulin or total protein, or both, is often the first indication of the presence of a paraprotein. The level of globulin in the serum is derived by subtracting the albumin concentration from the total protein. All globulins are produced by plasma cells in the bone marrow.
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Parathyroid hormone-related protein From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Parathyroid hormone-related protein (or PTHrP) is a protein member of the parathyroid hormone family. It is occasionally secreted by cancer cells (breast cancer, certain types of lung cancer including squamous cell lung carcinoma).he protein was first isolated in 1987 by T.J. Martin's team at the University of Melbourne. Miao et al. showed that disruption of the PTHrP gene in mice caused a lethal phenotype and distinct bone abnormalities, suggesting that PTHrP has a physiological function.
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- Definition of the immunoglobulin class of the paraprotein by immunofixation (immunoglobulin heavy and light chain isotype) This is important as the type may direct future investigations. Myeloma is commonly associated with an IgG or IgA paraprotein, rarely IgD or IgE (see fig 2⇑).
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Investigating an incidental finding of a paraprotein Raised serum globulin concentration or total protein may be the first indication of a paraprotein, but a raised globulin level is more commonly due to polyclonally raised globulins in reaction to inflammation, infection, or cancer.aised serum globulin or total protein, or both, is often the first indication of the presence of a paraprotein. The level of globulin in the serum is derived by subtracting the albumin concentration from the total protein. All globulins are produced by plasma cells in the bone marrow.
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Myeloma protein Serum protein electrophoresis showing a paraprotein (peak in the gamma zone) in a patient with multiple myeloma. A myeloma protein is an abnormal immunoglobulin fragment or immunoglobulin light chain that is produced in excess by an abnormal clonal proliferation of plasma cells, typically in multiple myeloma.Other terms for such a protein are M protein, M component, spike protein, or paraprotein.This proliferation of the myeloma protein has several deleterious effects on the body, including impaired immune function, abnormally high viscosity (thickness) of the blood, and kidney damage.ther terms for such a protein are M protein, M component, spike protein, or paraprotein. This proliferation of the myeloma protein has several deleterious effects on the body, including impaired immune function, abnormally high viscosity (thickness) of the blood, and kidney damage.
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- Serum protein electrophoresis showing a paraprotein (peak in the gamma zone) in a patient with multiple myeloma.A myeloma protein is an abnormal immunoglobulin fragment or immunoglobulin light chain that is produced in excess by an abnormal clonal proliferation of plasma cells, typically in multiple myeloma.Other terms for such a protein are M protein, M component, spike protein, or paraprotein.This proliferation of the myeloma protein has several deleterious effects on the body, including impaired immune function, abnormally high viscosity (thickness) of the blood, and kidney damage.ther terms for such a protein are M protein, M component, spike protein, or paraprotein. This proliferation of the myeloma protein has several deleterious effects on the body, including impaired immune function, abnormally high viscosity (thickness) of the blood, and kidney damage.
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- ParaPro Assessment The ParaPro Assessment is a general aptitude test that is required in many states for paraprofessional certification. It also offers school districts an objective assessment of your foundation of knowledge and skills.
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What is Paraproteinemia? This condition occurs due to the presence of elevated amounts of a single monoclonal gammaglobulin in the blood. A monoclonal gammaglobulin, also called a paraprotein, comes from a single parent cell through multiple replications; therefore, paraproteins are essentially clones of each other.
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Prostate-specific antigen Prostate-specific antigen (PSA), also known as gamma-seminoprotein or kallikrein-3 (KLK3), is a glycoprotein enzyme encoded in humans by the KLK3 gene. PSA is a member of the kallikrein-related peptidase family and is secreted by the epithelial cells of the prostate gland.
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Tau protein Tau protein is a highly soluble microtubule-associated protein (MAP). In humans, these proteins are found mostly in neurons compared to non-neuronal cells. One of tau's main functions is to modulate the stability of axonal microtubules.au protein is a highly soluble microtubule-associated protein (MAP). In humans, these proteins are found mostly in neurons compared to non-neuronal cells. One of tau's main functions is to modulate the stability of axonal microtubules.
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PAB prealbumin test (PAB, TBPA) a blood, 24-hour urine, or cerebrospinal fluid analysis. It is useful as a marker of nutritional status and is a sensitive indicator of protein synthesis and catabolism. This test is done frequently on patients receiving total parenteral nutrition.
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- Myeloma-also known as multiple myeloma or myelomatosis-is a cancer of plasma cells in the bone marrow. This group is for people affected by myeloma to share experiences and support each other. have just had some more results but all I understood was my paraprotein is now 29.5 and my IGg is 37. Can anyone explain the importance of the papaprotein levels and at what level will I be classed as having MM.
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- By Yolanda Smith, BPharm. Paraplegia is a medical condition involving impairment in motor or sensory function of the lower extremities, which is a classification of paralysis, the universal term to describe the loss of movement or sensation following damage to a nerve in the body.
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- Mycoprotein is the common ingredient in all Quorn products. It's made from a member of the fungi family (the same family that morels and truffles belong to) and is a high-quality meat-free protein that's low in fat, high in dietary fibre (important for your digestive system) and is a valuable source of amino acids.ycoprotein is the common ingredient in all Quorn products. It's made from a member of the fungi family (the same family that morels and truffles belong to) and is a high-quality meat-free protein that's low in fat, high in dietary fibre (important for your digestive system) and is a valuable source of amino acids.
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- RNA polymerase (or, more fully, ribonucleic acid polymerase, abbreviated RNAP or RNApol), also known as DNA-dependent RNA polymerase, is an enzyme that produces primary transcript RNA. In cells, RNAP is necessary for constructing RNA chains using DNA genes as templates, a process called transcription.
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- Definition of “monoclonal gammopathy of unknown significance” - English Dictionary. “monoclonal gammopathy of unknown significance” in British English. monoclonal gammopathy of unknown significancenoun [ U ] › a condition in which the body produces high levels of an abnormal protein found in the blood, called paraprotein. The condition does not usually cause any symptoms but in a few cases may lead to the development of multiple myeloma (= cancer in the plasma cells in bone marrow).
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Calcium Homeostasis Parathyroid hormone (PTH). Parathyroid hormone (PTH) is a polypeptide containing 84 amino acids that is secreted by the parathyroid glands after cleavage from preproparathyroid hormone (115 amino acids) to proparathyroid hormone (90 amino acids) to the mature hormone.
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- Parathyroid hormone (PTH), a polypeptide hormone produced in the parathyroid gland, along with Vitamin D, is the principal regulator of calcium and phosphorus homeostasis.
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Alpha-lactalbumin Whey Protein Isolate Alpha-lactalbumin is a calcium-binding protein that may have a role in calcium transport. Alpha-lactalbumin is rich in the amino acid cysteine, which is a building block of glutathione, a powerful antioxidant in the body that plays an important role in immunity. Instantized Alpha-lactalbumin.
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What is PSP? A Brief Guide to PSP. Progressive Supranuclear Palsy (PSP) is a Parkinson’s-like neurological condition caused by the premature loss of nerve cells in certain parts of the brain. A protein called tau builds up in certain areas of the brain and forms into clumps (neurofibrillary tangles), which are believed to damage the nerve cells.
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Blood Transfusion Reactions Your immune system can react to anything in the donor blood. One of the most serious reactions is called ABO incompatibility. The 4 main blood types are A, B, O, and AB. Your immune system will try to destroy donor cells that are the wrong type for you. Another reaction happens when you are allergic to something in the donor blood. Allergic reactions are usually mild but can become a life-threatening reaction called anaphylaxis.
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- Para-aminobenzoic acid, or PABA, is a naturally occurring substance once thought to be a vitamin.Dubbed “vitamin Bx” because of this, PABA forms part of the chemical structure of folate, a B vitamin. PABA is essential for the growth of certain bacteria and can be synthesized by some naturally found in the gut.Chemically, it is a common ingredient in sunscreen, and medicinally it is used to treat scleroderma, an autoimmune disease characterized by fibrous changes in the skin, muscles and other body organs.ara-aminobenzoic acid, or PABA, is a naturally occurring substance once thought to be a vitamin.