what was alexander the king of
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Alexander the Great Alexander III of Macedon (20/21 July 356 BC – 10/11 June 323 BC), commonly known as Alexander the Great (Greek: ἀλέξανδρος ὁ μέγας, Aléxandros ho Mégas Koine Greek: [a.lék.san.dros ho mé.gas] ), was a king (basileus) of the Ancient Greek kingdom of Macedon and a member of the Argead dynasty.
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320 BCE: Alexander conquers Egypt effortlessly as a minor side-campaign in his conquest of the Persian Empire.323 BCE: Alexander dies in Babylon upon his return from the conquest of what is now Afghanistan, the Indus River Valley and the areas in Central Asia north of Afghanistan. Upon his death his generals divide up Alexander's empire. Ptolemy gets Egypt. Cleopatra is a descendant of Ptolemy.168 BCE: Rome establishes a protectorate of Egypt.69 BCE: Cleopatra is born in Egypt. She is the seventh in the Ptolemy dynasty to bear the name Cleopatra , which means glory of the father. She is the second daughter of Ptolemy XII. She and the rest of the Ptolemys were of almost pure Macedonian Greek ancestry, possibly of some Iranian but no Egyptian ancestry.58 BCE: Ptolemy XII, Cleopatra's father, is expelled from Egypt.51 BCE: Ptolemy XII is returned to power by a Roman army. He dies later that year and the throne of Egypt goes, according to Ptolemy's wishes, to Ptolemy XIII and Cleopatra. Ptolemy XIII is Cleopatra's ten-year old brother. Cleopatra is about 18 years old and had ruled for a short time as a co-regent with her father. In the Egyptian scheme of things Pharoahs marry a sister to ensure the rulership never leaves the royal family. Cleopatra and Ptolemy marry. There could not have been any affection between Cleopatra and her brother. Cleopatra was determined to rule.49 BCE: The guardians of Ptolemy XIII instigate a revolt against Cleopatra's rule and expel her from Alexandria.48 BCE: Julius Caesar was engaged in a civil war with another Roman leader, Pompey. Pompey had been defeated in a battle and fled to Egypt. Caesar was pursuing him but Pompey was assassinated upon his arrival in Egypt before Caesar arrived in Egypt. Caesar was left with idle time.Cleopatra arranges to meet Caesar under intimate terms by having herself rolled up in a carpet that is delivered to Caesar's home quarters. When the carpet was unrolled a vivacious 21 year old Egyptian queen emerges. Caesar was about 52 at the time.Cleopatra captivated him but it was probably not her youth and beauty. Caesar could have had bevies and bevies of beautiful young women. Probably the audacity of Cleopatra's ploy amused him and it was a brilliant strategy. Had Cleopatra met Caesar through official state channels protocol would have interfered with her working her charms upon him. She was said to have a thousand ways of flattering. A not unimportant factor in Cleopatra's attraction for Caesar was that she was rich, perhaps the richest woman in the world. Or, at least she would be once back in power in Egypt.  Caesar was chronically and often disastrously in debt.47 BCE: Cleopatra becomes Caesar's mistress and Caesar uses his army to defeat and destroy Cleopatra's rival for power in Egypt, her brother-husband Ptolemy XIII. Ptolemy XIII dies of drowning while trying to escape the field of battle. Caesar establishes Cleopatra and another younger brother, Ptolemy XIV, as the rulers of Egypt. Caesar returns to Rome.46 BCE: Cleopatra gives birth to Caesar's child, a boy who is named Ptolemy Caesar and called Caesarion.In Rome, Caesar holds a triumphal celebration of his victories. These celebrations whenever ever possible included the parading of the defeated enemies. Cleopatra's younger sister, Arsenoe, was paraded in Caesar's triumphal celebration.45 BCE: Cleopatra joins Caesar in Rome. Her brother/husband Ptolemy XIV accompanies her. Cleopatra and Ptolemy XIV are housed in a villa belonging to Caesar on the outskirts of Rome.  Caesar orders that a gold-plated statue of Cleopatra be placed in the temple of Venus Genetrix. Caesar's clan, the Julians, were supposedly descended from Venus.Although Pompey had been defeated and was killed in Egypt the civil war did not end. Pompey's two sons had gained control of Cordoba in Spain and were preparing to continue the conflict. Caesar took an army to Spain to deal with this threat. After a series of retreats the Pompeys decided to do battle at Munda from some high ground. Caesar lured the Pompeys' forces down from the high ground. The battle was indecisive until a shift in troops by one of the Pompeys was misinterpreted as a retreat and their other troops began to retreat. This led to a decisive victory by Caesar's forces.44 BCE: Caesar had achieved total victory over the armies of his rivals, he had been made dictator politically. His enemies in the Roman senate saw Caesar as acquiring all powers, even to the point of having himself declared a god. They arranged his assassination in which some of previous friends participated as well as his enemies.A month after Caesar's assassination Cleopatra left Rome and returned to Egypt. Her brother Ptolemy XIV dies of poisoning, undoubtedly upon Cleopatra's orders. She wanted to make her son, Caesarion, co-regent with her as Ptolemy XV.42 BCE: Caesar's enemies are defeated at the Battle of Philippi. Marcus Antonius (Mark Antony) emerges as the leader of the forces which backed Caesar.Mark Antony decides for no obvious reason to attack the Parthian (Persian) Empire. He calls for Cleopatra to join him at Tarsus. Mark Antony needed Cleopatra's support financially and militarily for his invasion. He had met Cleopatra 13 years before when she was 14 years old. That had been an inconsequential meeting.Their meeting a Tarsus was anything but inconsequential. Cleopatra having lost the protection of the strongman Caesar needed another Roman leader to protect her. Mark Antony was so captivated by Cleopatra that he gave up his plans for the invasion of the Parthian Empire and went with Cleopatra back to her capital of Alexandria. From the likenesses of Cleopatra on the coins of her realm she was not a great beauty so her attraction came from the charm of her personality and from her intellect.At Cleopatra's request Antony sent orders for the execution of Cleopatra's younger sister, Arsinoe, in Rome. Arsinoe was possible rival for the throne of Egypt. Arsinoe herself was helpless but her enemies in Egypt could have used her in a bid to depose Cleopatra. A very distant threat but Cleopatra was not one to take chances.40 BCE: Mark Antony leaves Alexandria to go to Italy to conclude a treaty with Octavian, Julius Caesar's adopted son. Octavian was Mark Antony's major rival for the command of the Romans. An agreement was reached and part of the arrangement was that Mark Antony marry the sister of Octavian, Octavia.Cleopatra bears Antony's children. They were twins, a boy named Alexander Helios and a girl named Cleopatra Selene.Meanwhile back in Egypt another drama was unfolding. Herod was the king of Judea. He had accepted Roman overlordship and the Romans in turn had allowed him to continue to rule his kingdom. Herod was a competent ruler. In 40 BCE he traveled through Egypt and Cleopatra tried to seduce him but Herod rejected her. Cleopatra was enraged and began to do whatever she could to harm Herod's interests.37 BCE: Mark Antony decides that he and Octavian can never work together. He decides to resume the campaign against the Parthian Empire. Cleopatra joins him at Antioch and they get married.  This was not only illegal under Roman Law it was a betrayal of Octavia, his legal wife and the sister of Octavian. This makes war between Octavian and Mark Antony inevitable. Mark Antony gives portions of the Roman territory in Syria and Lebanon to Cleopatra. He even gives Jericho, a portion of Herod's kingdom, to Cleopatra. This not only enrages Octavian, it infuriates most Romans and they back Octavian in the struggle between the two leaders.36-35 BCE: The Parthian campaign results in only minor conquests, notably Armenia.Cleopatra bears Antony another son, Ptolemy Philadelphus.34 BCE: Mark Antony celebrates a victory triumph in Alexandria for his gains from the Parthians. At the celebration he awards Armenia to his and Cleopatra's oldest son, Alexander Helios. The area west of Armenia is awarded to the second son, Ptolemy Philadelphus. The daughter Selene is given Cyprus. Furthermore, at the celebration Caesarion is publically declared to be the son of Julius Caesar and thus the king of kings . The celebration of a triumph in Alexandria was a serious offense to Romans. Such celebration were only supposed to take place in Rome, the capital of the empire.Back in Rome, Octavian obtains Mark Antony's will from the temple of the Vestal Virgins. He publicizes its contents. Mark Antony's will made provision for turning parts of the Roman Empire over to Cleopatra. Worse yet Mark Antony's will called for moving the Empire's capital from Rome to Alexandria. The Roman citizens are outraged.32-31 BCE: Mark Antony and Cleopatra live together in Greece.31 BCE: At Actium Octavians naval forces engage those of Mark Antony and Cleopatra. At the height of the battle Cleopatra fearing capture takes her ships out of the battle. Mark Antony's forces alone are not strong enough to match those of Octavian and Mark Antony's forces are defeated. His army surrenders to Octavian.Mark Antony escapes from the defeat and joins Cleopatra on her ship, but he is furious with her for having unnecessarily precipitated the defeat at Actium. After several days he relents and he and Cleopatra stay together in Alexandria.Mark Antony has revealed himself as a loser and Cleopatra needs someone else who can protect her. Octavian communicates to Cleopatra that if she kills Mark Antony that he might work out something with her. Cleopatra realizes that she is not powerful enough to expell Mark Antony from Egypt or to assassinate him. She conceives a fiendish plot. She has a message sent to Mark Antony saying that she had killed herself. Upon hearing that his loved one was dead he falls upon his sword. The injury does not kill him at once and he has himself taken to where Cleopatra's body is supposed to be. He finds her alive and tells her to make her peace with Octavian.After Mark Antony's death Cleopatra realizes that Octavian can never treat her as anything but an enemy and that he will take her and her children to Rome to be paraded in a victory triumph. She sends Caesarion with trusted protectors to hide in the east of Egypt near the Red Sea. Cleopatra first intends to commit suicide by setting fire to the mausoleum where she has collected her treasures. Roman soldiers find entry to the mausoleum and thwart her plans. She is taken captive. Cleopatra then arranges for a poisonous snake, an asp, to be smuggled to her in a basket of figs. She then commits suicide by allowing the asp to bite her on her chest. She arranged for her and Mark Antony to be buried together. Octavian sent agents to hunt down Caesarion and kill him. Thus ended the sad life of Cleopatra, Queen of Egypt at 39 years of age. She was the last of the Ptolemy dynasty.CleopatraEpilogue. Octavian was given the title of Caesar Augustus. The name of the sixth month in the Roman calendar is changed from Sextilis to August just as the fifth month's name had been changed to July. The fifth month had 31 days and the sixth 30 days. Octavian had the calendar changed so the month named after him had 31 days as well. He never took the title emperor although that was what he was in fact. Instead the was called First Citizen . He dies later that year and the throne of Egypt goes, according to Ptolemy's wishes, to Ptolemy XIII and Cleopatra. Ptolemy XIII is Cleopatra's ten-year old brother. Cleopatra is about 18 years old and had ruled for a short time as a co-regent with her father.
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- Alexander the Great, the Macedonian king and the great conqueror of Persian Empire, died at the age of 33 without designating a successor to the Macedonian Empire. The Macedonian Empire of Alexander the Great.
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- Alexander the Great. Introduction. Macedonian king Alexander the Great (356-323 B.C.) was born to parents King Philip II and Queen Olympia. Tutored by Aristotle, the prince took charge of the Companion Cavalry at age 18 and aided Philip in defeating the Athenian and Theban armies at Chaeronea.
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- (356-323BC). Great Alexander was one of the most famous conquerors in World History, Alexander was an ingenious military leader but also a subject of controversy.On the one hand he was a brilliant tactician and leader, but he could also be ruthless and cruel, and is by some believed to have been an alcoholic.356-323BC). Great Alexander was one of the most famous conquerors in World History, Alexander was an ingenious military leader but also a subject of controversy.
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- Alexander the Great Alexander of Macedon Biography. King of Macedonia and Conqueror of the Persian Empire. Alexander III the Great, the King of Macedonia and conqueror of the Persian Empire is considered one of the greatest military geniuses of all times. He was inspiration for later conquerors such as Hannibal the Carthaginian, the Romans Pompey and Caesar, and Napoleon. Alexander was born in 356 BC in Pella, the ancient capital of Macedonia. He was son of Philip II, King of Macedonia, and Olympias, the princess of neighboring Epirus. Alexander spent his childhood watching his father transforming Macedonia into a great military power, winning victory after victory on the battlefields throughout the Balkans.
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Alexander the Great When Alexander set out for Asia, he left his general Antipater, an experienced military and political leader and part of Philip II's Old Guard, in charge of Macedon. Alexander's sacking of Thebes ensured that Greece remained quiet during his absence.
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Ancient Man and His First Civilizations The Ptolemy Greek's. So now, Egypt is ruled by Greek kings, Alexander the Great has taken Egypt from the Persians, and made it a part of the Greek Empire. The arrival of the Greeks brought an unprecedented amount of change in Egypt, as they overlaid the existing society with that of their own.he Ptolemy Greek's. So now, Egypt is ruled by Greek kings, Alexander the Great has taken Egypt from the Persians, and made it a part of the Greek Empire. The arrival of the Greeks brought an unprecedented amount of change in Egypt, as they overlaid the existing society with that of their own.
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Article Alexander’s tutor was the Greek philosopher Aristotle (384-322 BCE) and, as Alexander traveled, he spread Greek thought and culture in his wake, thus hellenizing (to make `Greek’ in culture and civilizaion) those he conquered.
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- 323 BC. Printer Friendly Version >>>. It was May of 323 BC and Alexander the Great was in Baghdad. The thirty-two-year-old King of Macedonia had spent the past thirteen years conquering much of the known world. In the process, he created an empire that reached from Macedonia through Greece and the Persian Empire to the fringes of India.
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Who was Alexander the Great? Alexander the Great (356 BC to 323 BC) was the King of Macedonia. He conquered most of the known world through vigorous military campaigns. He was never defeated in battle. He … was born in Paella, Macedonia, in July 356 BC.
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Alexander the Great Alexander III of Macedon, known as Alexander the Great (21 July 356 BCE – 10 or 11 June 323 BCE), was the son of King Philip II of Macedon.He became king upon his father’s death in 336 BCE and went on to conquer most of the known world of his day.lexander III of Macedon, known as Alexander the Great (21 July 356 BCE – 10 or 11 June 323 BCE), was the son of King Philip II of Macedon.
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Septic Systems 1 Broken baffles in the septic tank can cause this condition. 2  Failure to have the tank pumped can also lead to a situation where the sludge and scum overwhelm the baffles. 3  Lack of understanding on proper use of the system. typical septic tank is designed to hold a minimum of 750-1000 gallons. (CT requires a minimum septic tank capacity of 1,000 gallons, and for a 4-5 bedroom house, 1250-1500 gallons.) As a rule of thumb, the cleanout interval is determined on the basis of 100 gallons of tank capacity per person, per year.
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Alexander Empire Alexander lived for six more years before dying in 270 BCE, as the creator of the greatest empire the world had ever seen. Alexander's Dynasty . By installing his son on the throne, Alexander the Great ensured that his empire would endure and even expand.
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- Where Was Alexander the Great From? Alexander III was born in Pella, Macedonia, in 356 B.C. to King Philip II and Queen Olympias—although legend had it his father was none other than Zeus, the ruler of the Greek gods.
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Xerxes I Xerxes I (/ˈzɜːrksiːz/; Old Persian: x-š-y-a-r-š-a ( Khshayarsha (help·info)) ruling over heroes, Greek ξέρξης; 518–465 BC), called Xerxes the Great, was the fourth king of kings of the Achaemenid dynasty of Persia. Like his predecessor Darius I, he ruled the empire at its territorial apex.
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Diabetes: 12 warning signs that appear on your skin Diabetes: 12 warning signs that appear on your skin Diabetes can affect many parts of your body, including your skin. When diabetes affects the skin, it’s often a sign that your blood sugar (glucose) levels are too high. This could mean that: You have undiagnosed diabetes, or pre-diabetes; Your treatment for diabetes needs to be adjusted ; If you notice any of the following warning signs on your skin, it’s time to talk with your doctor. Necrobiosis lipoidica: When this woman saw a dermatologist about these red, swollen, and hard patches on her legs, she learned she had diabetes. 1. Yellow, reddish, or brown patches on your skin
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Wars of Alexander the Great After Alexander defeated the last of the Achaemenid Empire 's forces 328 BC, he began a new campaign against the various Indian kings in 327 BC. He wanted to conquer the entire known world, which in Alexander's day, ended on the eastern end of India.
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Alexander the Great Alexander the Great. Alexander the Great (356-323 B.C.) was the king of Macedon, the leader of the Corinthian League, and the conqueror of Persia. He succeeded in forging the largest Western empire of the ancient world. With his Macedonian forces Alexander subdued and united the Greeks and reestablished the Corinthian League after almost a century of warfare between the Greek city-states following the Peloponnesian War.
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AP World History Chapter 10 definition: also known as Alexander the Great, by 331 BCE, controlled Syria, Egypt, Mesopotamia; invaded Persian homeland and burned Persepolis; crossed the Indus by 327 significance: Created Bactria which influenced India, helped diffuse Greek ideas
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Alexander the Great: Facts, Biography & Accomplishments Alexander the Great was a king of Macedonia who conquered an empire that stretched from the Balkans to modern-day Pakistan. Alexander was the son of Philip II and Olympias (one of Philip’s seven or eight wives). He was brought up with the belief that he was of divine birth.
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Alexander the Great Alexander III of Macedon (20/21 July 356 BC – 10/11 June 323 BC), commonly known as Alexander the Great (Greek: ἀλέξανδρος ὁ μέγας, Aléxandros ho Mégas Koine Greek: [a.lék.san.dros ho mé.gas]), was a king (basileus) of the Ancient Greek kingdom of Macedon[a] and a member of the Argead dynasty.
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Paratroopers pay tribute to Operation Varsity 65 years later Paratroopers pay tribute to Operation Varsity 65 years later. 1 / 3 Show Caption + Hide Caption – A Soldier with the 21st Theater Sustainment Command's 5th Quartermaster Detachment braces himself for landing after jumping from a C-130 Hercules during the 65th Anniversary of Operation Varsity in Rees, Germany, March 27.
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The Wars of Independence Alexander III dies: A History of Scotland. The crisis began in 1286 when Alexander III fell from his horse on the sands of Kinghorn and broke his neck. After Alexander's death, Scotland was governed by the premier nobles and bishops of Scotland, known collectively as the Guardians of Scotland.
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5g. Alexander the Great Alexander was an amazing soldier who led his army to conquer much of the known world. (© 2000 by John J. Popovic, 1stMuse.com). At this point, at the age of 25, Alexander ruled an expansive empire. Nevertheless, his ambitions were not satisfied.
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- Alexander began his war against the Persians in 334 BC. At the time the Macedonian leader was twenty-two years old. At his death eleven years later, Alexander ruled the largest empire of the ancient world. His victory at the battle of Gaugamela on the Persian plains was a decisive conquest that insured the defeat of his Persian rival King Darius III.