what is velopharyngeal dysfunction
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- Velopharyngeal dysfunction (VPD) is the inadequate separation of the oral and nasal cavities during speech and/or swallowing. VPD is caused by structural and/or functional abnormalities of the soft palate and pharyngeal muscles.
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Vocal cord dysfunction: Is it a type of asthma? Because they have similar triggers and symptoms, it's common for vocal cord dysfunction to be misdiagnosed as asthma. This can lead to use of asthma medications that don't help and cause side effects. Some people have both vocal cord dysfunction and asthma, and require treatment for both conditions.
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- Dysarthria Changes in muscle tone may accompany dysarthria. The movements of the soft palate, lips, tongue and jaw may be impaired not only during speech, but also in the context of vegetative functions. As such, changes may affect the oral and pharyngeal stages of the swallow, dysarthria and dysphagia often co-occur.
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What is Velopharyngeal Insufficiency Velopharyngeal insufficiency or VPI is the inability of the velum (the soft palate) and related anatomy to close the nasopharynx.
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Orofacial myological disorders Orofacial myofunctional disorders (OMD) (sometimes called “oral myofunctional disorder, and “tongue thrust”) are muscle disorders of the face, mouth, lips, or jaw.Recent studies on incidence and prevalence of tongue thrust behaviors are not available.MD that are commonly seen in children include tongue thrust that is also known as swallowing with an anterior tongue posture. OMD also refers to factors such as nonnutritive sucking behaviors, such as thumb sucking, clenching, bruxing, etc. that lead to abnormal development of dentition and oral cavity.
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Evaluation and Treatment of Swallowing Impairments These disorders may affect the oral preparatory, oral propulsive, pharyngeal and/or esophageal phases of swallowing. Impaired swallowing, or dysphagia, may occur because of a wide variety of structural or functional conditions, including stroke, cancer, neurologic disease and gastroesophageal reflux disease.A thorough history and a careful physical examination are important in the diagnosis and treatment of swallowing disorders.mpaired esophageal function can result in the retention of food and liquid in the esophagus after swallowing. 9 This retention may result from mechanical obstruction, a motility disorder or impaired opening of the lower esophageal sphincter.
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- A role for botulinum toxin in the diagnosis and management of cricopharyngeal dysfunction has also emerged. Botulinum toxin may allow better patient selection by accurately identifying patients with cervical dysphagia in whom a cricopharyngeal myotomy would improve symptoms.
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Vocal Cord Paralysis Vocal cord paralysis is a type of voice disorder which occurs when either one vocal cord or both of the vocal cords failed to move, causing the person to experience certain problems of the voice such as swallowing and breathing.
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Venous leak Unsourced or poorly sourced material may be challenged and removed. (February 2014) Venous Leak, also called Venogenic Erectile Dysfunction and Penile Venous Insufficiency, is a cause of Erectile Dysfunction in males, often inflicting young men, unlike other organic causes of Erectile Dysfunction.
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velopharyngeal insufficiency Velopharyngeal insufficiency is the improper closing of the velopharyngeal sphincter (soft palate muscle) during speech characterized by an acute nasal quality of the voice.
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Vocal cord dysfunction: Is it a type of asthma? Both asthma and vocal cord dysfunction can make breathing difficult. Signs and symptoms of either condition can include coughing, wheezing, throat tightness and hoarseness, but they're two separate disorders. Vocal cord dysfunction is the abnormal closing of the vocal cords when you breathe in or out. It's also called laryngeal dysfunction or paradoxical vocal cord motion.
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- Velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI) is a congenital or acquired disorder that results in the improper closing of the soft palate muscle in the mouth (the velopharyngeal sphincter) during speech. Because this sphincter does not close properly, air escapes through the nose instead of the mouth.
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- Incidence of dysfunctions. Most current treadmill studies rate Pharyngeal dysfunctions i)* and ii) as the most common ahead of combinations of Laryngeal dysfunctions i) and ii). * This dysfunction is often observed but not often directly referred to as such! PHARYNGEAL FUNCTION.
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Velopharyngeal Insufficiency (VPI) Commonly referred to as hypernasality, velopharyngeal insufficiency or VPI is a resonance disorder (how the cavities of the mouth and nose effect the way speech sounds) that results from too much air moving through the nose during speech. This is caused by insufficient structure or function of the soft palate.
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Unilateral Vocal Fold Paralysis Treatment & Management A voice evaluation is indicated following surgical treatment of a unilateral vocal fold paralysis (UVFP). This evaluation should include a patient-based assessment of the voice function and head and neck examination, including indirect laryngoscopy and voice evaluation by a speech pathologist.
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- Velopharyngeal dysfunction can cause the following speech characteristics: 1  Hypernasality, or too much sound in the nose during speech. 2  Nasal emission of air during consonant production. 3  Weak or omitted consonants due to inadequate air pressure in the mouth. 4  Short utterance length due to the loss of air pressure through the nasal cavity.
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Comparisons of severity classification systems for oropharyngeal dysfunction in children with cerebral palsy: Relations with other functional profiles Oropharyngeal dysphagia (OPD) is characterized by impairments in oral preparatory, oral propulsive, and/or pharyngeal phases of swallowing associated with eating, drinking, and controlling saliva (Benfer et al., 2013 ; Matsuo and Palmer, 2008).
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Vascular Compression Syndromes Vascular Compression Syndromes. Trigeminal Neuralgia, Hemifacial Spasm & Glossopharyngeal Neuralgia. Trigeminal Neuralgia. Trigeminal neuralgia is also known as Tic Douloureux. It is a disorder of the fifth cranial nerve (called the trigeminal nerve), which is one of the largest nerves in the head. The trigeminal nerve and its branches send impulses such as touch and pressure to the brain from the face and forehead, jaw and gums, and the area around the eyes.
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- Laryngopharyngeal reflux. Laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR), also extraesophageal reflux disease (EERD) refers to retrograde flow of gastric contents to the upper aero-digestive tract, which causes a variety of symptoms, such as cough, hoarseness, and wheezing, among others. It can be a relevant comorbidity of asthma.
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Background The larynx has multiple functions, including the voice production, cough, and airway protection, and it also acts as a conduit for breathing. Pathologic conditions that affect normal laryngeal function can result in poor cough production, aspiration with subsequent pneumonia, change in phonation, and dysphagia.Chondronecrosis of the larynx is a rare complication encountered in otolaryngology.athologic conditions that affect normal laryngeal function can result in poor cough production, aspiration with subsequent pneumonia, change in phonation, and dysphagia. Chondronecrosis of the larynx is a rare complication encountered in otolaryngology.
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- Bilateral vestibular hypofunction (BVH) is a heterogeneous condition that results from defects in either the vestibular organs, eighth cranial nerves, or a combination of the two. This condition causes impairments in the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) and the major functions of the vestibular organs.
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Background Vocal fold polyps (VFPs) are generally unilateral and have a broad spectrum of appearances, from hemorrhagic to edematous, pedunculated to sessile, and gelatinous to hyalinized. Vocal fold polyps (VFPs) are believed to result from phonotrauma; however, they are also recognized to potentially arise from a single episode of hemorrhage.
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Vocal Cord Paralysis (Paralyses Vocal Cord) Vocal Cord Paralysis (Paralyses Vocal Cord) Vocal cord paralysis is the loss of function and movement of the vocal cord as a sequel to dysfunction of the vagus nerve or its distal branch, the recurrent laryngeal nerve. Vocal cord paralysis is a subset of vocal cord or fold immobility which is a broad term for all causes of vocal cord dysfunction. Vocal Cord Paralysis is triggered by the following process: endocrine.
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Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ) Dysfunction Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ) Dysfunction. The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is the jaw joint directly in front of the ear. Within the TMJ, there are moving parts that allow the upper jaw to close on the lower jaw. This joint is a typical sliding ball and socket that has a disc sandwiched between it.
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Evaluation and Treatment of Swallowing Impairments Swallowing disorders are common, especially in the elderly, and may cause dehydration, weight loss, aspiration pneumonia and airway obstruction. These disorders may affect the oral preparatory, oral propulsive, pharyngeal and/or esophageal phases of swallowing.Impaired swallowing, or dysphagia, may occur because of a wide variety of structural or functional conditions, including stroke, cancer, neurologic disease and gastroesophageal reflux disease.A thorough history and a careful physical examination are important in the diagnosis and treatment of swallowing disorders.The physical examination should include the neck, mouth, oropharynx and larynx, and a neurologic examination should also be performed.wallowing is a complex act that involves the coordinated activity of the mouth, pharynx, larynx and esophagus (Figure 1) . A swallow has four phases: oral preparatory, oral propulsive, pharyngeal and esophageal.