when do you include et al in citation
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- Writers sometimes use the surname of the first author followed by et al. at the first mention of a work that has three, four, or five authors. Only when a work has six or more authors should the first in-text citation consist of the first author followed by et al. With five or fewer authors, all the author surnames should be spelled out at first mention. 2. Writers also make the opposite error by including all author surnames when et al. should be used instead. Once an in-text citation has been mentioned one time, all subsequent citations to a work with three or more authors should consist of the surname of the first author followed by et al. 3.
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MLA In-Text Citations: The Basics In the second example, “Stolley et al.” in the parenthetical citation gives the reader an author name followed by the abbreviation “et al.,” meaning, “and others,” for the article “MLA Formatting and Style Guide.” Both corresponding Works Cited entries are as follows: Garcia, Elizabeth.
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- 4. FOur Or MOre autHOrs You may give each author’s name or the name of the first author only, followed by et al., Latin for “and others.”First Author’s Last Name, First Name, Second Author’s First and Last Names, Third Author’s First and Last Names, and Final Author’s First and Last Names.
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General Format In subsequent citations, only use the first author's last name followed by et al. in the signal phrase or in parentheses. (Kernis et al., 1993). In et al. , et should not be followed by a period. Six or More Authors: Use the first author's name followed by et al. in the signal phrase or in parentheses.
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MLA Style: Citing articles  (based on the 7th edition of the MLA Handbook) For scholarly journals you need only include the year of publication in your citation. Put the year in parenthesis and follow the parenthesis with a colon (:). Example: (2009): For magazines, provide the day month (abbreviated) and year of publication and follow the year with a colon (:).
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- One of these is the Latin phrase et al. , an abbreviation meaning “and others.” It is used to shorten lists of author names in text citations to make repeated referencing shorter and simpler.ne of these is the Latin phrase et al. , an abbreviation meaning “and others.” It is used to shorten lists of author names in text citations to make repeated referencing shorter and simpler.
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ASK US The abbreviation et al. means and others. It is most often used when a work you are citing in your paper has multiple authors. Here are the guidelines from the Publication of the American Psychological Association (6th ed.), page 175:
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- 2. Mention the year of publication. You only need to mention the year of publication when citing an article from a book, not the full publication date. Place the year in parentheses and follow with a period. 1  Doe, J. (2008).
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- Chelsea Lee said... The abbreviation et al. is used both in parenthetical citations and in running text citations. Chapter 6 of the Publication Manual is devoted to how to cite references in the text. Among other places in that chapter, you can see the use of et al. in Table 6.1 on page 177.
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- The bibliography should be alphabetized by author’s last name or, if no author, the first word of the listing. • When using in-text citations, always put punctuation after the parentheses. • Cite anonymous references by title. • Abbreviate the names of all months except for May, June, and July.
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In-Text (Citation) References For three authors, give all last names in the first citation in the text; in subsequent citations, use the first name and et al. First citation: (Carr, Smith, and Jones 1962)... Later citations: (Carr et al. For four or more authors, use the first author's last name plus et al. in all citations.
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VI. Using APA Style in Academic Writing: Et Al. When there are eight or more authors, APA Style now uses an ellipsis after the sixth author’s name, followed by the name of the last author. However, there is one case in which et al. is used in a reference entry.
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- If there is an editor but no. author, place the editor’s name in the author’s position of the citation and add “(Ed.)” or “(Eds.)”. after the last editor’s name. For works with an author andan editor –such as an article in an edited anthology –place the. editor’s name(s), uninverted, before the source’s title.
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- Mention the year of publication. You only need to mention the year of publication when citing an article from a book, not the full publication date. Place the year in parentheses and follow with a period. Doe, J. (2008).
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- 1 Reco…. 2  Examples of the Use of Et Al. in English Et al. is an abbreviation for the Latin phrase, et alii, which means and others.. 3  It is usually used when citing references in papers and in bibliographies.  4 Et al. sho….
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- Three, four, or five authors. You must cite all authors, either in text or parenthetically, the first time they are referenced. From then on, use only the surname of the first author, followed by et al. Notice in the. following examples that et al., which means “and others,” is not italicized and ends with a. period.
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How to Cite (Quote) In Your Paper • More than two authors with page listing: If the source you are citing has more than two authors, include the first author's last name and then the Latin abbreviation et al. which means and others. Example: Some argue this is only a subordinate issue (Cortez et al. 156). • Web sites:
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- 1 Include all names in the first in-text parenthetical citation, separated by commas and then an ampersand  (&). For all subsequent in-text parenthetical citations, include only the first author, followed by “et al.” and publication year if it is the first citation in a paragraph.
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"What is the correct way to punctuate ""et al""?" et al. (yes, the period is necessary) et alii (et al.) means 'and others'. Used similarly to et cetera ('and the rest'), to stand for a list of names. Alii is actually masculine, so it can be used for men, or groups of men and women; the feminine, et aliae (or et aliæ), is appropriate when the 'others' are all female.
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- Note that et al. is italicized in this post when I am using it as a linguistic example, but it should not be italicized when you are using it as part of a reference citation. General Use of Et Al. Below is a chart showing when to use et al. , which is determined by the number of authors and whether it is the first time a reference has been cited in the paper.
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Tibia The tibia, sometimes known as the shin bone, is the larger and stronger of the two lower leg bones. It forms the knee joint with the femur and the ankle joint with the fibula and tarsus.Many powerful muscles that move the foot and lower leg are anchored to the tibia.he tibia, sometimes known as the shin bone, is the larger and stronger of the two lower leg bones. It forms the knee joint with the femur and the ankle joint with the fibula and tarsus.
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- 2. Writers also make the opposite error by including all author surnames when et al. should be used instead. Once an in-text citation has been mentioned one time, all subsequent citations to a work with three or more authors should consist of the surname of the first author followed by et al. 3.
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- Six or more authors. When there are six or more authors, use the last name of the first author followed by et al. for. the first citation in the text as well as subsequent citations. Follow the same format for the. parenthetical reference.
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Cite a source with three or more authors Cite a source with three or more authors. A source with three to five authors. Cite all authors in your first citation. In all citations after the first, use the first author's name followed by et al. [no italics; period after al]
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Citation Guide: In-text Citations if a work has three to five authors format their names publication date and the page reference as follows or use the names in a signal phrase followed by the publication date identify all the authors in the first in text reference thereafter use only the first author s last name and the phrase et al