skyshine radiation definition
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Skyshine radiation resulting from 6 MV and 10 MV photon beams from a medical accelerator. Skyshine radiation scattered in the atmosphere above a radiation therapy accelerator facility can result in measurable dose rates at locations near the facility on the ground and at roof level.
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Astronomical spectroscopy The Star-Spectroscope of the Lick Observatory in 1898. Astronomical spectroscopy is the study of astronomy using the techniques of spectroscopy to measure the spectrum of electromagnetic radiation, including visible light, which radiates from stars and other hot celestial objects.he Star-Spectroscope of the Lick Observatory in 1898. Astronomical spectroscopy is the study of astronomy using the techniques of spectroscopy to measure the spectrum of electromagnetic radiation, including visible light, which radiates from stars and other hot celestial objects.
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Geometric albedo In astronomy, the geometric albedo of a celestial body is the ratio of its actual brightness as seen from the light source to that of an idealized flat, fully reflecting, diffusively scattering disk with the same cross-section. Diffuse scattering implies that radiation is reflected isotropically with no memory of the location of the incident light source. Zero phase angle corresponds to looking along the direction of illumination. For Earth-bound observers this occurs when the body in question i
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General Astronomy/Molecular Emission and Absorption Astronomical spectroscopy is one of the most powerful tools used by astronomers to gain a fundamental understanding of our universe. Astronomical spectroscopy is a technique in which the absorption and emission of electromagnetic radiation from stars and other celestial objects are studied.he absorption and or emission spectra of a molecule generally consist of a number of lines. These lines correspond to the discrete differences in the internal energy modes of a molecule.
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Blackbody Radiation A blackbody is an object that absorbs all of the radiation that it receives (that is, it does not reflect any light, nor does it allow any light to pass through it and out the other side). The energy that the blackbody absorbs heats it up, and then it will emit its own radiation.
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Incandescence Incandescence is the emission of electromagnetic radiation (including visible light) from a hot body as a result of its temperature.
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- (2) Interception of electromagnetic radiation or sound. Absorption (Atmospheric) Atmospheric absorption is defined as a process in which solar radiation is retained by a substance and converted into heat energy. The creation of heat energy also causes the substance to emit its own radiation.
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Cosmic background radiation Cosmic background radiation is electromagnetic radiation from the sky with no discernible source.ne component is the cosmic microwave background radiation. This component is redshifted photons that have freely streamed from an epoch when the Universe became transparent for the first time to radiation.
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cosmic background radiation cosmic background radiation. Weak radio-frequency radiation traveling through outer space with equal intensity in every direction. It is thought to be residual radiation from a period shortly following the big bang, when the universe was very hot. Also called microwave background.
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Solar radiation Solar radiation. Solar radiation is radiant energy emitted by the sun, particularly electromagnetic energy. About half of the radiation is in the visible short-wave part of the electromagnetic spectrum. The other half is mostly in the near-infrared part, with some in the ultraviolet part of the spectrum [1].
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- Radiation Injuries. Definition. Radiation injuries are caused by ionizing radiation emitted by sources such as the sun, x-ray and other diagnostic machines, tanning beds, and radioactive elements released in nuclear power plant accidents and detonation of nuclear weapons during war and as terrorist acts.
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Definition of 'background radiation' background radiation in American English. 1. Astronomy. low-intensity, multidimensional microwave radiation present in space: its existence is used to support the validity of the big-bang theory since it is thought to be a remnant of the original explosion.
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Nuclear Radiation and Health Effects The United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation (UNSCEAR) identifies four major sources of public exposure to natural radiation: 1  cosmic radiation. 2  terrestrial radiation. 3  inhalation. 4  ingestion.
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Astronomical spectroscopy Astronomical spectroscopy. Astronomical spectroscopy is the study of astronomy using the techniques of spectroscopy to measure the spectrum of electromagnetic radiation, including visible light and radio, which radiates from stars and other hot celestial objects. Spectroscopy can be used to derive many properties of distant stars and galaxies, such as their chemical composition, temperature, density, mass, distance, luminosity, and relative motion using Doppler shift measurements.
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- Radiation hardening is the act of making electronic components and systems resistant to damage or malfunctions caused by ionizing radiation such as those encountered in outer space, high-altitude flights, around nuclear reactors, particle accelerators, during nuclear accidents or nuclear warfare.
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Sky The sky (or celestial dome) is everything that lies above the surface of the Earth, including the atmosphere and outer space. In the field of astronomy, the sky is also called the celestial sphere.
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radiation Scatter Radiation. Primary - The beam of photons that exit the x-ray tube and hit the patient's body , the amount of photons lessens as they pass through matter. Remnant- the resulting beam that exits from the patient. SCATTER- photons that interact with the body's matter and travel in a different direction.
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Radiation Definition and Examples Radiation Definition. Radiation is the emission and propagation of energy in the form of waves, rays or particles. Examples: A burning candle emits radiation in the form of heat and light. Uranium-238 decaying into Thorium-234 emits radiation in the form of alpha particles. Electrons dropping from one energy state to a lower state emit radiation in the form of a photon.
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General Astronomy/Print version As sun's rays travel through the atmosphere, they undergo scattering, refraction, reflection, diffraction, or any combination of these. a process whereby light is actually absorbed by a particle and then quickly emitted in another direction.
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Albedo Albedo is a measurement of the amount of light reflected from the surface of a celestial object, such as a planet, satellite, comet or asteroid. The albedo is the ratio of the reflected light to the incident light: and has values between: 0: a black object that absorbs all light and reflects none; and.
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emission nebula A nebula that absorbs ionizing ultraviolet radiation from nearby hot stars or star remnants and reemits it as visible light. HII regions, planetary nebulae, and nebulae created by the explosion of supernovae are different kinds of emission nebulae.
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Synchrotron radiation Synchrotron radiation (also known as magnetobremsstrahlung radiation) is the electromagnetic radiation emitted when charged particles are accelerated radially, i.e., when they are subject to an acceleration perpendicular to their velocity (a ⊥ v). It is produced, for example, in synchrotrons using bending magnets, undulators and/or wigglers.
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What is Electromagnetic Radiation? Top 10 facts about the world. Electromagnetic radiation is a term used to describe a stream of energy-bearing particles that travels outward from an electromagnetic source. The energy in these streams can vary extensively in power, and is measured by the electromagnetic spectrum.
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- Radiation pressure is the pressure exerted upon any surface exposed to electromagnetic radiation. Radiation pressure implies an interaction between electromagnetic radiation and bodies of various types, including clouds of particles or gases.
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Radiation and Albedo Experiment Each one is a source of radiation to some degree. Most of this radiation is invisible to humans but that does not make it any less real. Radiation is the transfer of heat energy by electromagnetic wave motion. The transfer of energy from the sun across nearly empty space is accomplished primarily by radiation. Radiation occurs without the involvement of a physical substance as the medium.
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How Safe is Google Chromebook's Cloud? The hardware inside Google’s Chromebook is low-end, with all of the speed coming from the cloud. The idea is that Chromebook users will save their pictures, their music, their videos and other files on Google’s cloud network, keeping hackers away from their laptop.