birth defects disorders
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Birth defect Birth defects (or congenital defects) are defects in a baby at birth, or which develop in the first month of life. There are two main types of congenital defect. The first is caused by genetic abnormalities, which are hereditary. The second is caused by conditions (such as infectious diseases) which a baby gets from its mother. Sometimes doctors can find out that a baby has a congenital disorder before its birth.
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Birth Defects A serious illness in the mother, such as an under-active thyroid, or diabetes mellitus, in which her body cannot process sugar, also can cause birth defects in the child. In fact, in 2003, it was shown that babies of diabetic mothers are five times as likely to have structural heart defects as other babies.
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Birth defect Some conditions are due to abnormal tissue development: A malformation is associated with a disorder of tissue development. Malformations often occur in the first trimester. A dysplasia is a disorder at the organ level that is due to problems with tissue development.
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Neural Tube Defects Neural tube defects are birth defects of the brain, spine, or spinal cord. They happen in the first month of pregnancy, often before a woman even knows that she is pregnant. The two most common neural tube defects are spina bifida and anencephaly. In spina bifida, the fetal spinal column doesn't close completely. There is usually nerve damage that causes at least some paralysis of the legs. In anencephaly, most of the brain and skull do not develop.
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Top 30 Doctor insights on: Birth Defects Associated With Breech Babies About 3%: About 3 out of every 100 babies are born with some type of birth defect. Some can be very minor, and some are more serious. Some disease (like diabetes in the mother), or use of some medications in pregnancy can increase the risk of a baby having a birth defect. ...Read more.
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birth defect n. A physiological or structural abnormality that develops at or before birth and is present at the time of birth, especially as a result of faulty development, infection, heredity, or injury.Also called congenital anomaly.. A physiological or structural abnormality that develops at or before birth and is present at the time of birth, especially as a result of faulty development, infection, heredity, or injury. Also called congenital anomaly.
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Congenital disorders 1 Birth defect is a widely-used term for a congenital malformation, i.e. a congenital, physical anomaly which is recognizable at birth, and which is significant enough to be considered a problem. 2  Genetic disorder or diseases are all congenital, though they may not be expressed or recognized until later in life.
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- Birth defects can be caused by genetic factors and by a variety of environmental injuries such as infection, radiation, and drug exposure during pregnancy. The majority of birth defects, however, are without detectable cause.About 20 percent of birth defects are caused by genetic or hereditary factors.arents of a child with a birth defect should schedule several long discussions with the child’s doctor at times when both parents can be present. The parents and doctor should thoroughly discuss possible causes, testing, treatment, and referrals to specialists and support groups.
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- Congenital disorder, also known as congenital disease, birth defect or anomaly, is a condition existing at or before birth regardless of cause. Of these diseases, those characterized by structural deformities are termed congenital anomalies and involve defects in a developing fetus.Birth defects vary widely in cause and symptoms. Any substance that causes birth defects is known as a teratogen.ongenital anomalies of the gastrointestinal system include numerous forms of stenosis and atresia, and perforation, such as gastroschisis .. Congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT) include renal parenchyma, kidneys, and urinary collecting system.
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- The cause of some birth defects can be difficult or impossible to identify. Certain behaviors, like smoking, drug, and alcohol use greatly increase the risk of defects. Other factors, such as exposure to environmental toxins, medications, or infections also increase risk.
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- Birth defects can be genetic, a result of lifestyle choices and behaviors, exposure to certain medicines and chemicals, or a combination of these factors. However, the exact cause of certain birth defects is often unknown.
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Birth Defects and Brain Development Birth defects can be inherited from a parent or acquired through the mother's contact with environmental factors such as drugs or infections. Birth defects of the brain result in problems that can range from mild to severe. They can affect one part or many parts of the central nervous system.
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Spina Bifida The birth defect spina bifida (SPY-na BIFF-uh-duh) is a type of neural tube defect. A neural tube defect is a problem with the spinal cord, brain and/or their protective coverings caused by the fetus spine failing to close completely during the first month of pregnancy.
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Birth Defects Birth defects are found in 2-3% of all newborn infants. This rate doubles in the first year, and reaches 10% by age five, as more defects become evident and can be diagnosed. Almost 20% of deaths in newborns are caused by birth defects. Abnormalities can occur in any major organ or part of the body.
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Birth defects linked to air pollution in new Stanford study “Birth defects affect one in every 33 babies, and about two-thirds of these defects are due to unknown causes,” said the paper’s senior author, Gary Shaw, PhD, professor of neonatal and developmental medicine.
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- Answers.com® is making the world better one answer at a time. A congenital disorder is any abnormal condition that exists at the time of birth. Greg Allen.
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The Three Most Common Preventable Birth Defects and Their Causes Alcohol is the most common recognizable environmental cause of birth defects associated with mental retardation, says Luther K Robinson MD, founder of the Pregnancy Risk Network. Children with Fetal Alcohol Syndrome are born small, have problems with learning and behavior, and may have other birth defects.
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Neural tube defect Neural tube defects (NTDs) are a group of conditions in which an opening in the spinal cord or brain remains from early in human development. In the 3rd week of pregnancy called gastrulation, specialized cells on the dorsal side of the embryo begin to change shape and form the neural tube.
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Birth Defect Statistics Approximately 150,000 babies are born each year with birth defects. Approximately 3 percent of all children born in the U.S. have a major malformation at birth. Many more show problems of developmental origin with time, e.g., 6-7 percent by 1 year of age and 12-14 percent by school age. Birth defects, including low birth weight babies, are the leading cause of infant mortality.
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- Among the defects in children born to women with diabetes are heart. problems, brain and spinal defects, oral clefts, kidney and gastrointestinal. tract defects, and limb deficiencies. Diabetes diagnosed before pregnancy was linked with about 50% of the birth. defect categories analyzed.
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- If a baby is born with a part of the body that is missing or malformed, it is called a structural birth defect. Heart defects are the most common type of structural defect. Others include spina bifida, cleft palate, clubfoot, and congenital dislocated hip. When there is a problem with a baby's body chemistry, it is called a metabolic birth defect.
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Congenital Heart Defects Children who have genetic disorders, such as Down syndrome, often have congenital heart defects. In fact, half of all babies who have Down syndrome have congenital heart defects. Smoking during pregnancy also has been linked to several congenital heart defects, including septal defects. Researchers continue to search for the causes of congenital heart defects.
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- These defects can occur for many reasons including inherited (genetic) conditions, toxic exposure of the fetus (for example, to alcohol), birth injury and, in many cases, for unknown reasons. All parents are at risk of having a baby with a birth defect, regardless of age, race, income or residence. In the US (and many other developed nations), 2% to 3% of babies are born with a medically significant birth defect.
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- About 1 in every 33 babies is born with a birth defect. Birth defects are one of the leading causes of infant deaths, accounting for more than 20% of all infant deaths.CDC is working with its partners and the public to build a comprehensive approach to improve understanding of medication use during pregnancy.owever, some have suggested that these medications might increase the risk for heart defects or cleft lip and palate. For this study, researchers aimed to see if treatment with any opioid analgesic medication just before or during early pregnancy was associated with the occurrence of certain birth defects.
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What are the different types of birth defects? Structural birth defects are related to a problem with body parts. Some physical problems include cleft lip or cleft palate, heart defects, such as missing or misshaped valves, and abnormal limbs, such as a club foot.
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Birth Defects In some cases, birth defects are caused by a combination of factors. Some recognized patterns of birth defects affect many parts or processes in the body, leading to both structural and functional problems.ome examples of birth defects that affect the nervous system include Autism, Down syndrome, Prader-Willi syndrome, and Fragile X syndrome. Sensory problems-such as blindness, cataracts and other visual problems, and varying degrees of hearing loss including deafness.