define what an inference is
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inference noun. The definition of inference is an educated guess made through observation. An example of inference is a scientist guessing at the result of an experiment using things he's already learned.
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induction (logic and rhetoric) From the Latin, to lead in. By Richard Nordquist. Definition: A method of reasoning that moves from specific instances to a general conclusion. In an inductive argument, a rhetor (that is, a speaker or writer) collects a number of instances and forms a generalization that is meant to apply to all instances.(Contrast with deduction .). In rhetoric, the equivalent of induction is the accumulation of examples.See also: 1  Anecdotal Evidence. 2  Evidence.n an inductive argument, a rhetor (that is, a speaker or writer) collects a number of instances and forms a generalization that is meant to apply to all instances. (Contrast with deduction .). In rhetoric, the equivalent of induction is the accumulation of examples. See also: 1  Anecdotal Evidence.
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Making Inferences and Drawing Conclusions Inferences are what we figure out based on an experience. Helping your child understand when information is implied (or not directly stated) will improve her skill in drawing conclusions and making inferences. These skills will be needed for all sorts of school assignments, including reading, science and social studies.
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What is the difference between observation and inference? An observation is what you see. An inference is the conclusion you  draw from what you saw.   A common analogy;   You may be doing a chemistry experiment and when you… put two  substances together, the mixture bubbles and brown gas comes off.  You know that brown gas indicates nitrogen dioxide gas. The observation would be Mixture bubbles and brown gas is given off. The inference would be A gas is produced, nitrogen dioxide. Observations are things you use your five senses to determine - how something smells, looks, tastes, sounds, or feels.
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What is Adverse Inference? Adverse inference is a legal situation in which someone making a judgment concludes that evidence was not produced because it would be unfavorable to the party being asked to produce evidence. In this particular case, silence or refusal to cooperate is taken as a suggestion that wrongdoing occurred and someone tried to cover it up.
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Induction Definition of Induction. Induction is known as a conclusion reached through reasoning. An inductive statement is derived using facts and instances which lead to the formation of a general opinion. Though all the facts upon which the conclusion is based are true, there is still a chance of the conclusion reached being false.
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inference 1. a. The act or process of deriving logical conclusions from premises known or assumed to be true. b. The act of reasoning from factual knowledge or evidence. 2. a. Something inferred. b. Usage Problem A hint or suggestion: The editorial contained an inference of foul play in the awarding of the contract.
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Inference Human inference (i.e. how humans draw conclusions) is traditionally studied within the field of cognitive psychology; artificial intelligence researchers develop automated inference systems to emulate human inference.
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Premise A premise or premiss is an assumption that an argument claims is true, and will induce or justify a conclusion. . In logic, an argument requires a set of (at least) two declarative sentences (or propositions) known as the premises or premisses along with another declarative sentence (or proposition) known as the conclusion. This structure of two premises and one conclusion forms the basic argumentative structure.
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inference 1 the process of deriving the strict logical consequences of assumed premises.  the process of arriving at some conclusion that, though it is not logically derivable from the assumed premises, possesses some degree of probability relative to the premises.
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What Is the Difference Between an Observation and an Inference? The primary difference between an observation and an inference is that the former is experienced first-hand while the latter is based on second-hand information. An observation is the gathering of facts through paying close attention to something in order to get information, whereas an inference is the act or process of reaching a conclusion based on facts already known.
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Critical Thinking, Logic and Reason: A Practical Guide for Students and Academics The transition or movement from premises to conclusion, the logical connection between them, is the inference upon which the argument relies. Notice that premise and conclusion are here defined only as they occur in relation to each other within a particular argument.
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inference inference. n. 1. the act or process of inferring. 2. an inferred conclusion, deduction, etc. 3. (Logic) any process of reasoning from premises to a conclusion. 4. (Logic) logic the specific mode of reasoning used. See also deduction 4, induction 4.
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INFERENCE n the reasoning involved in drawing a conclusion or making a logical judgment on the basis of circumstantial evidence and prior conclusions rather than on the basis of direct observation. an inference that if things agree in some respects they probably agree in others.
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- Inferences are logical generalizations made from the data collected. It is a conclusion based on facts/data, that a person perceives to be true (Harland 2011, pg. 28.). Students often have a difficult time deciphering the difference between an objective observation--a fact that cannot be argued--and an inference.
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- An inductive argument is one in which the premises are supposed to support the conclusion in such a way that if the premises are true, it is improbable that the conclusion would be false. Thus, the conclusion follows probably from the premises and inferences. Here is an example: Socrates was Greek. (premise)
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Examples of Inference The term inference refers to the process of using observation and background knowledge as well as other known premises to determine a conclusion that makes sense. Some examples of inference are: Sally arrives at home at 4:30 and knows that her mother does not get off of work until 5. Sally also sees that the lights are off in their house. Sally can infer that her mother is not yet home.
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inference An inference is an idea or conclusion that's drawn from evidence and reasoning. An inference is an educated guess. We learn about some things by experiencing them first-hand, but we gain other knowledge by inference — the process of inferring things based on what is already known.
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What Is the Difference Between an Observation and an Inference? Quick Answer. The primary difference between an observation and an inference is that the former is experienced first-hand while the latter is based on second-hand information.
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- A conclusion is a final statement or decision, while an observation is finding information by using any of the five senses (sight, sound, feel, smell, and taste). An observati…on is what you notice is happening A conclusion is what you decide after the experiment, and whether it relates to your hypothesis.
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Anaximenes (d. 528 B.C.E.) According to the surviving sources on his life, Anaximenes flourished in the mid 6th century B.C.E. and died about 528. He is the third philosopher of the Milesian School of philosophy, so named because like Thales and Anaximander, Anaximenes was an inhabitant of Miletus, in Ionia (ancient Greece). Theophrastus notes that Anaximenes was an associate, and possibly a student, of Anaximander's.
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- Learner's definition of INFERENCE. 1. [noncount] : the act or process of reaching a conclusion about something from known facts or evidence. Its existence is only known by inference. [+] more examples [-] hide examples [+] Example sentences [-] Hide examples. 2. [count] : a conclusion or opinion that is formed because of known facts or evidence. The program uses records of past purchases to make/draw inferences about what customers will buy in the future.
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- deductive, inductive, and abductive reasoning Reasoning is the process of using existing knowledge to draw conclusions, make predictions, or construct explanations. Three methods of reasoning are the deductive, inductive, and abductive approaches. Deductive reasoning: conclusion guaranteed Deductive reasoning starts with the assertion of a general rule and proceeds from there to a guaranteed specific conclusion.
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INFERENCE abstract thought, logical thinking, reasoning - thinking that is coherent and logical. analogy - an inference that if things agree in some respects they probably agree in others. corollary - (logic) an inference that follows directly from the proof of another proposition.
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reasoning Definition of reasoning. 1  1 : the use of reason; especially : the drawing of inferences or conclusions through the use of reason. 2  2 : an instance of the use of reason : argument.
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- conclusion. 1  the end or close; final part. 2  the last main division of a discourse, usually containing a summing up of the points and a statement of opinion or decisions reached. 3  a result, issue, or outcome; settlement or arrangement: The restitution payment was one of the conclusions of the negotiations.