what is the hiv test
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Comprehensive, up-to-date information on HIV/AIDS treatment and prevention from the University of California San Francisco The HIV test is designed to detect antibodies to HIV in your blood or saliva. Antibodies are proteins produced by your body when you have an infection and they help fight infection. If you are infected with HIV, your body makes very specific antibodies to fight the infection. The HIV antibodies are different from antibodies for the flu, hepatitis, or other infections.
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Confirmatory tests Different types of antibody tests may be used for HIV screening: 1  All HIV tests used in the U.S. detect HIV-1, and some tests have been developed that can also detect HIV-2. 2  Combination tests have been developed that detect HIV antibody and the HIV antigen called the p24 antigen.
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Lab Tests and Why They Are Important A CD4 count is a lab test that measures the number of CD4 T lymphocytes (CD4 cells) in a sample of your blood. In people with HIV, it is the most important laboratory indicator of how well your immune system is working and the strongest predictor of HIV progression.
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HIV Testing HIV is the virus that causes AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome). AIDS is the most advanced stage of HIV infection. HIV testing can detect HIV infection, but it can’t tell how long a person has been HIV infected or if the person has AIDS.
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- If your first test is done in a testing lab and it’s positive, the lab will conduct the follow-up testing, usually on the same blood sample as the first test. 1  A combination, or fourth-generation, test looks for both HIV antibodies and antigens. 2  A nucleic acid test (NAT) looks for HIV in the blood.
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- 1 Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1 (HIV-1) Blood Test, Qualitative, RNA The HIV-1 RNA test is a blood test that is considered an early detection test for HIV-1. Your Price. 2  Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) Types 1/2 Phenotyping for Acyclovir Drug Resistance Blood Test Detect herpes simplex virus (HSV) resistance to acyclovir. Your Price.
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- The window period varies from person to person and also depends upon the type of HIV test. 1  Most HIV tests are antibody tests. Antibodies are produced by your immune system when you’re exposed to viruses like HIV or bacteria. 2  A combination, or fourth-generation, test looks for both HIV antibodies and antigens.
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HIV Testing There are three main types of HIV tests: antibody tests, RNA tests, and a combination test that detects both antibodies and viral protein called p24. All tests are designed to detect HIV-1, which is overwhelmingly the most common type of HIV in the United States.IV RNA tests: The HIV RNA is different than all human RNA, and tests have been developed to detect HIV RNA in a person's blood. This uses a type of test called a polymerase chain reaction (PCR).
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- The most common HIV test is the antibody screening test (immunoassay) , which tests for the antibodies that your body makes against HIV. The immunoassay may be conducted in a lab or as a rapid test at the testing site.lthough most HIV tests look for these antibodies, some look for the virus itself. The period after infection but before the test becomes positive is called the window period. Deciding when to get tested therefore depends on when you may have been exposed and which test is used.
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- An HIV viral load test is ordered when a person is first diagnosed with HIV to determine the number of viral particles in the blood. The test results function as a baseline measurement that shows how actively the virus is reproducing and whether treatment is immediately necessary.
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HIV Antibody Testing at HUP HIV blood antibody testing is used to diagnose HIV-1 infection by using a two-tiered testing protocol. First, a screening test for HIV-1and 2 antibodies is performed, using an enzyme immunoassay (EIA) or immunochromatographic card assay. If positive, then a second test is done, using immunoblot technology.
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Comprehensive, up-to-date information on HIV/AIDS treatment and prevention from the University of California San Francisco The oral test may have a slightly lower sensitivity than blood-based tests. Urine: This test uses a urine sample to detect HIV antibodies (again, not the virus itself) in urine. The accuracy of urine tests is somewhat less than that of blood and oral fluid tests. Positive results must be confirmed with a Western blot.
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- Antibodies are produced by your immune system when you’re exposed to viruses like HIV or bacteria. HIV antibody tests look for these antibodies to HIV in your blood or oral fluid. In general, antibody tests that use blood can detect HIV slightly sooner after infection than tests done with oral fluid.
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HIV Testing Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is the virus that causes acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). HIV destroys the body's immune system and eventually leads to AIDS.
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- Different types of tests may be used for HIV screening: 1  Combination HIV antibody and HIV antigen test—this is the recommended screening test for HIV. 2  HIV antibody testing—all HIV antibody tests used in the U.S. detect HIV-1 and some tests have been developed that can also detect HIV-2.
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HIV Testing Antibody tests detect the presence of antibodies, proteins that a person’s body makes against HIV, not HIV itself. Most HIV tests, including most rapid tests and home tests, are antibody tests. It can take 3 to 12 weeks for a person’s body to make enough antibodies for an antibody test to detect HIV infection. In general, antibody tests that use blood can detect HIV slightly sooner after infection than tests done with oral fluid.
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- A viral load test helps provide information on your health status and how well antiretroviral therapy (ART – treatment with HIV medicines) is controlling the virus. ART involves taking a combination of HIV medicines (called an HIV regimen) every day.
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- The HIV viral load test is used primarily to monitor HIV infection over time. It is a quantitative measurement of HIV nucleic acid (RNA) that reports how many copies of the virus are present in the blood.n HIV viral load test is ordered when a person is first diagnosed with HIV to determine the number of viral particles in the blood. The test results function as a baseline measurement that shows how actively the virus is reproducing and whether treatment is immediately necessary.
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HIV Testing If the test is positive, a series of bands are detected which indicate specific binding of the person's antibody to specific HIV virus proteins. This test is only done in combination with the initial screening test.HIV RNA tests: The HIV RNA is different than all human RNA, and tests have been developed to detect HIV RNA in a person's blood. This uses a type of test called a polymerase chain reaction (PCR).IV RNA tests: The HIV RNA is different than all human RNA, and tests have been developed to detect HIV RNA in a person's blood. This uses a type of test called a polymerase chain reaction (PCR).
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Screening and diagnosis for HIV An antigen test checks your blood for an HIV antigen, called p24. When you're first infected with HIV, and before your body has a chance to make antibodies to the virus, your blood has a high level of p24. The p24 antigen test is accurate 11 days to 1 month after getting infected. This test is usually not used by itself to screen for HIV infection.
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- Different types of tests may be used for HIV screening: Combination HIV antibody and HIV antigen test—this is the recommended screening test for HIV. It is available only as a blood test. It detects the HIV antigen called p24 plus antibodies to HIV-1 and HIV-2.
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- Different types of tests may be used for HIV screening: 1  Combination HIV antibody and HIV antigen test—this is the recommended screening test for HIV.  HIV antibody testing—all HIV antibody tests used in the U.S. detect HIV-1 and some tests have been developed that can also detect HIV-2.
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HIV/AIDS HIV Testing Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is the virus that causes acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). HIV destroys the body's immune system and leads to AIDS....learn more >>. Rapid Oral HIV Test Getting tested for HIV is now easier.
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HIV Testing Key Points. 1  HIV testing shows whether a person is infected with HIV. HIV stands for human immunodeficiency virus. HIV is the virus that causes AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome). AIDS is the most advanced stage of HIV infection. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends that everyone 13 to 64 years old get tested for HIV at least once and that people at high risk of infection get tested more often.
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HIV testing HIV testing. Testing for HIV is the only way to know for sure if you have HIV. Many people do not have any symptoms and can live for many years without knowing they have the virus. Testing for HIV is quick, easy, painless, confidential and almost always free. If you test regularly for HIV, and after every time you put yourself at risk, you can help keep yourself and your sexual partners healthy.