define acute kidney injury
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acute renal failure acute renal failure. Acute kidney failure Nephrology An abrupt decline in renal function, triggered by various processes–eg, sepsis, shock, trauma, kidney stones, drug toxicity-aspirin, lithium, substances of abuse, toxins, iodinated radiocontrast. Cf Chronic kidney failure.
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- Intrarenal azotemia, also known as acute renal failure (ARF), renal-renal azotemia, and acute kidney injury (AKI), refers to elevations in BUN and creatinine resulting from problems in the kidney itself.
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Acute Kidney Injury Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a condition where your kidneys suddenly stop working properly. Usually this happens when you are unwell from another illness.... Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a condition where your kidneys suddenly stop working properly. Usually this happens when you are unwell from another illness.... Patient Access
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Background It is one of the clinical hallmarks of renal failure and has been used as a criterion for diagnosing and staging acute kidney injury, previously referred to as acute renal failure. At onset, oliguria is frequently acute. It is often the earliest sign of impaired renal function and poses a diagnostic and management challenge to the clinician. (See Presentation and Workup.) Not all cases of acute kidney injury are characterized by oliguria. Renal failure that results from nephrotoxic injury, interstitial nephritis, or neonatal asphyxia is frequently of the nonoliguric type, is related to a less severe renal injury, and has a better prognosis.
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Overview Acute kidney failure almost always occurs in connection with another medical condition or event. Conditions that can increase your risk of acute kidney failure include: Being hospitalized, especially for a serious condition that requires intensive care; Advanced age; Blockages in the blood vessels in your arms or legs (peripheral artery disease) Diabetes
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Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) Treatment is directed at the cause but also includes fluid and electrolyte management and sometimes dialysis. In all cases of acute kidney injury (AKI), creatinine and urea build up in the blood over several days, and fluid and electrolyte disorders develop. The most serious of these disorders are hyperkalemia and fluid overload (possibly causing pulmonary edema). Phosphate retention leads to hyperphosphatemia.
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Acute Kidney Injury: A Guide to Diagnosis and Management Acute events involving renal arteries or veins can also lead to intrinsic acute kidney injury. Renal atheroembolic disease is the most common cause and is suspected with a recent history of arterial catheterization, the presence of a condition requiring anticoagulation, or after vascular surgery.
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Kidney failure Acute-on-chronic kidney failure. Acute kidney injuries can be present on top of chronic kidney disease, a condition called acute-on-chronic kidney failure (AoCRF). The acute part of AoCRF may be reversible, and the goal of treatment, as with AKI, is to return the patient to baseline kidney function, typically measured by serum creatinine.
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Acute Kidney Injury Acute kidney injury (AKI) is defined as an abrupt or rapid decline in renal filtration function. See the image below. Photomicrograph of a renal biopsy specimen shows renal medulla, which is composed mainly of renal tubules. Patchy or diffuse denudation of the renal tubular cells with loss of brush border is observed, suggesting acute tubular necrosis as the cause of acute renal failure.
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Acute Kidney Injury: A Guide to Diagnosis and Management Glomerular causes of acute kidney injury are the result of acute inflammation of blood vessels and glomeruli. Glomerulonephritis is usually a manifestation of a systemic illness (e.g., systemic lupus erythematosus) or pulmonary renal syndromes (e.g., Goodpasture syndrome, Wegener granulomatosis).
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Diagnosis and Management of Acute Pyelonephritis in Adults Acute pyelonephritis is an infection of the upper urinary tract, specifically the renal parenchyma and renal pelvis (Figure 1). Acute pyelonephritis is considered uncomplicated if the infection is caused by a typical pathogen in an immunocompetent patient who has normal urinary tract anatomy and renal function.
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Acute Kidney Injury Summary. 1  Acute renal failure is common in hospitalized patients. 2  Early recognition is important but still elusive. 3  Acute renal failure results in substantial morbidity and mortality.  Intrinsic acute renal failure is the most common cause; acute tubular necrosis is the most common intrinsic acute renal failure.
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- Acute tubular necrosis is usually asymptomatic but may cause symptoms or signs of acute kidney injury, typically oliguria initially, if ATN is severe. However, urine output may not be reduced if ATN is less severe (eg, typical in aminoglycoside-induced ATN).
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Topic Overview Skip to the navigation. Prerenal acute kidney injury (AKI) , (which used to be called acute renal failure), occurs when a sudden reduction in blood flow to the kidney (renal hypoperfusion) causes a loss of kidney function. In prerenal acute kidney injury, there is nothing wrong with the kidney itself. Prerenal acute kidney injury is the most common type of acute kidney injury. It can be a complication of almost any disease, condition, or medicine that causes a decrease in the normal amount of blood and fluid in the body.
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Acute kidney injury The clinical picture is often dominated by the underlying cause, e.g. postoperative state. The symptoms of acute kidney injury result from the various disturbances of kidney function that are associated with the disease. Accumulation of urea and other nitrogen-containing substances in the bloodstream lead to a number of symptoms, such as fatigue, loss of appetite, headache, nausea and vomiting.
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Acute Kidney Injury Acute renal failure (ARF) is characterized by azotmeia that progresses over several hours or days, with or without oliguria. Recently, the term acute kidney injury (AKI) has been popularized to increase awareness of milder degrees of renal impairment and to better describe the underlying pathobiology.
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- Intrinsic acute renal failure is subdivided into four categories: tubular disease, glomerular disease, vascular disease and interstitial disease. In intrinsic acute renal failure, the renal parenchyma is injured. The damage to tubule cells leads to certain urine microscopic findings (Table 63 and Figures 2 and 3) .
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- The sudden loss of kidney function is called acute kidney injury, also known as acute renal failure (ARF). ARF has three main causes: 1  Lack of blood flow to the kidneys. 2  Direct damage to the kidneys themselves.
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Topic Overview Prerenal Acute Kidney Injury. Topic Overview. Prerenal acute kidney injury (AKI) , (which used to be called acute renal failure), occurs when a sudden reduction in blood flow to the kidney (renal hypoperfusion) causes a loss of kidney function. In prerenal acute kidney injury, there is nothing wrong with the kidney itself.
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Kidney Injury Acute kidney injury (also called acute renal failure) means that your kidneys have suddenly stopped working. Your kidneys remove waste products and help balance water and salt and other minerals (electrolytes) in your blood. When your kidneys stop working, waste products, fluids, and electrolytes build up in your body.
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- Acute interstitial nephritis is an interstitial disturbance that leads to acute renal failure. (The diagnosis and management of this condition have been reviewed in American Family Physician. 8) Acute interstitial nephritis often results from an allergic reaction to a drug (Table 3).
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Kidney failure Acute kidney injuries can be present on top of chronic kidney disease, a condition called acute-on-chronic kidney failure (AoCRF). The acute part of AoCRF may be reversible, and the goal of treatment, as with AKI, is to return the patient to baseline kidney function, typically measured by serum creatinine.
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Acute kidney injury Acute kidney injury (AKI), previously called acute renal failure (ARF), is an abrupt loss of kidney function that develops within 7 days.Its causes are numerous.cute kidney injury (AKI), previously called acute renal failure (ARF), is an abrupt loss of kidney function that develops within 7 days. Its causes are numerous.
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- Acute Kidney Injury Causes. Aka: Acute Kidney Injury Causes, Acute Renal Failure Causes, Prerenal Failure Causes, Postrenal Failure Causes, Intrinsic Renal Failure Causes, Infectious Causes of Acute Interstitial Nephritis. Acute.