define volcanic rock
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- Noun. 1. volcanic rock-extrusive igneous rock solidified near or on the surface of the Earth. agglomerate-volcanic rock consisting of large fragments fused together. amygdaloid-volcanic rock in which rounded cavities formed by expanding gas have subsequently become filled with mineral deposits.
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- Full Definition of LAVA. : molten rock that issues from a volcano or from a fissure in the surface of a planet (as earth) or moon; also: such rock that has cooled and hardened.— la·va·like \-ˌlīk\ adjective. See lava defined for English-language learners. molten rock that issues from a volcano or from a fissure in the surface of a planet (as earth) or moon; also: such rock that has cooled and hardened. — la·va·like \-ˌlīk\ adjective. See lava defined for English-language learners.
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Volcanic vs Plutonic Igneous Rocks: Definition and Differences Volcanic and plutonic rocks are types of igneous rock. Volcanic rocks form when lava cools and solidifies on earth and plutonic rocks form when magma cools and solidifies below earth.Learn about different characteristics of these igneous rocks.olcanic rocks are also known as 'extrusive igneous rocks.' We see from their definition that volcanic rocks form on the surface, or 'exterior,' of the earth. If you remember that 'extrusive' and 'exterior' both start with the letters 'ext,' it may help you recall this term.
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Lava When it has stopped moving, lava solidifies to form igneous rock. The term lava flow is commonly shortened to lava. Explosive eruptions produce a mixture of volcanic ash and other fragments called tephra, rather than lava flows.his molten rock is formed in the interior of some planets, including Earth, and some of their satellites. The source of the heat that melts the rock within the earth is geothermal energy. When first erupted from a volcanic vent, lava is a liquid at temperatures from 700 to 1,200 °C (1,292 to 2,192 °F).
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- 1 A dark fine-grained volcanic rock that sometimes displays a columnar structure, typically composed largely of plagioclase with pyroxene and olivine. A dark fine-grained volcanic rock that sometimes displays a columnar structure, typically composed largely of plagioclase with pyroxene and olivine.
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Magma: Definition & Formation Magma is molten rock found below the earth's surface. The temperature at which a rock melts is affected by its composition, pressure and water. Learn how magma forms and how it either feeds volcanoes or cools and crystallizes into igneous rock. Magma is defined as molten rock found below the earth's surface. It's a Greek word meaning 'thick ointment.' Why a geologist in the year 1859, which was the first known geological use of the word, decided that magma and ointment were similar is unknown. It would be one hot ointment.
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- lava noun [U]. › earth science ​hot ​liquid ​rock that comes out of a volcano, or the ​solid ​rock ​formed when ​liquid ​rock ​cools. (Definition of lava from the Cambridge Academic Content Dictionary © Cambridge University Press).ava noun [U]. › ​hot ​liquid ​rock that comes out of the ​earth through a ​volcano, or the ​solid ​rock ​formed when it ​cools: ​molten lava. (Definition of lava from the Cambridge Advanced Learner’s Dictionary & Thesaurus © Cambridge University Press).
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Types of volcanic rock The Auckland volcanic field has erupted this type of hot, runny iron-rich lava, and the landscape is dotted with mountains made from basalt and scoria (a red-coloured rock that contains large amounts of iron-rich minerals). Both rock types are excavated for building materials and landscaping.asalt is associated with great rock columns that are found in many places around the Earth, for example, the Organ Pipes in Dunedin or the Giant’s Causeway in Ireland. Basalt magma is formed at high temperatures (around 1,200ºC). When it comes out of the volcano, it is hot and liquid.
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- Definition of VOLCANIC ROCK. : an igneous rock (as basalt or obsidian) solidified on or near the surface — compare effusive 3. ADVERTISEMENT. This word doesn't usually appear in our free dictionary, but the definition from our premium Unabridged Dictionary is offered here on a limited basis.
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Volcanic Hazards Lava is molten rock that flows out of a volcano or volcanic vent. Depending on its composition and temperature, lava can be very fluid or very sticky (viscous). Fluid flows are hotter and move the fastest; they can form streams or rivers, or spread out across the landscape in lobes.
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Tuff Tuff is an igneous rock that forms from the products of an explosive volcanic eruption. In these eruptions the volcano blasts rock, ash, magma and other materials from its vent.This ejecta travels through the air and falls back to Earth in the area surrounding the volcano.uff An igneous rock that forms from the debris ejected by an explosive volcanic eruption. Panoramic view of an outcrop of the Fish Canyon Tuff. The volcanic eruption(s) that produced this tuff occurred about 28 million years ago at the La Garita Caldera in southwestern Colorado.
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Volcanic neck Volcanic neck. Definition: a hill resulting from differential weathering and erosion between the former feeder tube of a volcano and its surrounding rocks. A volcanic plug, also called a volcanic neck or lava neck, is a volcanic landform created when lava hardens within a vent on an active volcano. When forming, a plug can cause an extreme build-up of pressure if volatile-charged magma is trapped beneath it, and this can sometimes lead to an explosive eruption.
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What is Igneous Rock? Extrusive igneous rocks are the result of volcanic eruptions and, therefore, solidify in atmospheric conditions. Extrusive igneous rocks (also called volcanic rocks, named after Vulcan, the Roman name for the god of fire) are formed at the Earth's surface as a result of volcanic activity.
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- Ash – Fragments of volcanic rock that are explode from the vent of a volcano in solid or molten form. Basalt – A type of volcanic rock. Cinder Cone– A type of volcano that is built entirely of loose fragmented material. Cinders – Fragments of lava, commonly erupted in cinder cone volcanoes. Composite Volcano- A type of volcano in which the cone is very steep and built by both loose fragmented material and lava flows. Conduit – The passage that the magma follows through a volcano.
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Tuff Tuff: An igneous rock that contains the debris from an explosive volcanic eruption. It often contains fragments of bedrock, tephra and volcanic ash. The specimen shown here is about two inches (five centimeters) across. Close-up of a piece of tuff exposed at Hole-in-the-Wall, Mojave National Preserve, California.
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What are igneous rocks? An igneous rock is one formed from the cooling and solidification of magma or lava. Examples include basalt, rhyolite, pumice, scoria, granite, diorite, gabbro, and obsidian. …Magma solidifying under the surface results in coarser grained intrusive igneous rock.
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Volcanic vs Plutonic Igneous Rocks: Definition and Differences Let's review. Igneous rocks are rocks made from the cooling and solidifying of molten rock. There are two categories of igneous rocks. Volcanic rocks are rocks formed when lava cools and solidifies on the earth's surface.Volcanic rocks are also known as 'extrusive igneous rocks' because they form from the 'extrusion,' or eruption, of lava from a volcano.olcanic rocks are also known as 'extrusive igneous rocks.' We see from their definition that volcanic rocks form on the surface, or 'exterior,' of the earth. If you remember that 'extrusive' and 'exterior' both start with the letters 'ext,' it may help you recall this term.
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volcanic glass Noun. 1. volcanic glass-a kind of natural glass produced when molten lava cools very rapidly. obsidian-acid or granitic glass formed by the rapid cooling of lava without crystallization; usually dark, but transparent in thin pieces. pitchstone-dark acid granitic glass. tachylite-a basic or basalt glass.
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- Lava Stone meaning. Lava Rock is natural igneous rock, hardened after a volcano eruption. The beads are shaped and smoothed, leaving the small cavities characteristic to the stone. Lava beads are lightweight and smooth to the touch. Use these for a unique look!
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High School Earth Science/Volcanic Landforms and Geothermal Activity Describing a volcanic rock that cooled at the earth's surface. Extrusive rocks have small crystals, and may contain air bubbles. lava dome. A dome-shaped plug of viscous lava that cools near the vent of a volcano. intrusion. A rock mass formed by magma solidifying underground.escribing a volcanic rock that cooled at the earth's surface. Extrusive rocks have small crystals, and may contain air bubbles. lava dome. A dome-shaped plug of viscous lava that cools near the vent of a volcano. intrusion. A rock mass formed by magma solidifying underground.
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Rhyolite Rhyolite Definition - Rhyolite is a volcanic and igneous rock made up of felsic composition. The texture of the rock may vary from glassy to... Rhyolite Definition - Rhyolite is a volcanic and igneous rock made up of felsic composition. The texture of the rock may vary from glassy to porphyritic. It is viscous in nature due to high silica content. When heated, it flows slowly and tends to pile up and form lava domes.
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Closure The principle of closure often operates in the service of Prägnanz; for example, a circular figure with small gaps in it will be seen as a complete or closed circle. Similarly, if a portion of the image of a figure falls on the blind spot of the retina,…
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Volcanic vs Plutonic Igneous Rocks: Definition and Differences Volcanic rocks are rocks formed when lava cools and solidifies on the earth's surface. Volcanic rocks are also known as 'extrusive igneous rocks' because they form from the 'extrusion,' or eruption, of lava from a volcano.olcanic rocks are rocks formed when lava cools and solidifies on the earth's surface. Volcanic rocks are also known as 'extrusive igneous rocks' because they form from the 'extrusion,' or eruption, of lava from a volcano.
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Volcanic glass Obsidian, igneous rock occurring as a natural glass formed by the rapid cooling of viscous lava from volcanoes. Obsidian is extremely rich in silica (about 65 to 80 percent), is low in water, and has a chemical composition similar to rhyolite.
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- Magma is a mixture of molten rock and gases below the surface of the Earth that may erupt from a volcano as lava.It may also cool and solidify below the surface. The rocks that form from magma are crystalline and fit into a general category called igneous rocks.agma often collects in magma chambers that may feed a volcano or solidify underground to form an intrusion. Magma is capable of intrusion into adjacent rocks (forming igneous dikes and sills), extrusion onto the surface as lava, and explosive ejection as tephra to form pyroclastic rock.
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VOLCANIC ROCK Noun. 1. volcanic rock-extrusive igneous rock solidified near or on the surface of the Earth. agglomerate-volcanic rock consisting of large fragments fused together.