explain why electrons form a cloud around the nucleus
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Electron cloud Electron cloud is an informal term in physics. It is used to describe where electrons are when they go around the nucleus of an atom. The electron cloud model is different from the older Bohr atomic model by Niels Bohr.Bohr talked about electrons orbiting the nucleus, in a way similar to how the planets go around the Sun.The electron cloud model says that we can not know exactly where an electron is at any given time, but the electrons are more likely to be in specific areas.n the Bohr model, electrons were assigned to different shells. These shells explained the repeating patterns of chemical properties in the periodic table. Using quantum mechanics, chemists can use the electron cloud model to assign electrons to different atomic orbitals. These atomic orbitals are not all spheres.
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- In the center of every atom is a tiny, dense nucleus. The nucleus contains two kinds of particles: neutrons, which have no charge, and positively charged protons. These orbitals surrounding the nucleus have different levels of energy - the farther away each is from the nucleus, the more energy it has.
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Atomic Orbits But the model had some problems. First, an electron orbiting a proton would radiate energy and this, according to energy conservation laws, would require it to steadily lose altitude; causing it to spiral into the nucleus. Second, electrons could orbit at any altitude and radiate any frequency.
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- If two nuclei are surrounded by electrons, as they are under ordinary conditions on earth, it is not possible for a nuclear reaction to occur. This is because the electron clouds of the two nuclei repel each other since the electrons all have negative electric charge.
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Trend in atomic radius of Group 2 elements As the number of protons in the nucleus increases going down Group 2, you might expect the atomic radius to decrease because the nuclear charge increases. there are more filled energy levels between the nucleus and the outer electrons 2  ... therefore the outer electrons are more&nbsp shielded from the attraction of the nucleus 3  ... so the electrons in the outer energy levels are further from the nucleus and the atomic radius increases.
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- Electrons [electrons: Sub-atomic particles, with a negative charge and a negligible mass relative to protons and neutrons.] are arranged around the nucleus in energy levels or shells. Make sure you can label a simple diagram of an atom like this one.
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- 1 Atoms are made of extremely tiny particles called protons, neutrons, and electrons. 2  Protons and neutrons are in the center of the atom, making up the nucleus.  Electrons surround the nucleus.
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Atom Energy Shells or Levels The orbit around the nucleus within which the electron rotate is called shells or Energy levels. Each discrete distance orbit from the nucleus corresponds to a certain energy level. The electron which rotates in the lowest orbit has lowest energy level and in the outermost orbit, electrons have higher energy levels. Hence energy levels increase as the distance from the nucleus increases.
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- 1 The electrons of an atom revolve around the nucleus in orbits. 2  These orbits are associated with definite energies and are also called energy shells or energy levels. 3  Thus, the electrons do not continuously lose energy as they travel in a particular orbit.
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Atom Atoms consist of electrons [electrons: Sub-atomic particles, with a negative charge and a negligible mass relative to protons and neutrons. ] surrounding a nucleus [nucleus: The central part of an atom. It contains protons and neutrons, and has most of the mass of the atom.] that contains protons protons: Sub-atomic particles with a positive charge and a relative mass of 1. and neutrons neutrons: Uncharged sub-atomic particles, with a mass of 1 relative to a proton. .eutrons are neutral, but protons and electrons are electrically charged. Protons have a relative charge of +1, while electrons have a relative charge of -1. The number of protons in an atom is called its atomic number.
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What is the charge and location and mass of a proton and a neutron and an electron in the atom? The mass of an electron is 9.10939 x 10-31 kg (1836 times lighter than the mass of a proton). The typical size of the electron cloud is usually 5 x 10-11 to 10-10 m in size, about 100,000 times larger than the nucleus. The charge of a neutron is 0, and it is located in the nucleus along with the proton(s).
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Questions and Answers Atoms can join together to form molecules, which in turn form most of the objects around you. Atoms are composed of particles called protons, electrons and neutrons. Protons carry a positive electrical charge, electrons carry a negative electrical charge and neutrons carry no electrical charge at all. particular atom will have the same number of protons and electrons and most atoms have at least as many neutrons as protons. Protons and neutrons are both composed of other particles called quarks and gluons.
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Electron Cloud Definition The phrase electron cloud first came into use around 1925, when Erwin Schrödinger and Werner Heisenberg were seeking for a way to describe the uncertainty of the position of electrons in an atom. The electron cloud model differs from the more simplistic Bohr model, in which electrons orbit the nucleus in much the same way as planets orbit the Sun. In the cloud model, there are regions where an electron may likely be found, but it's theoretically possible for it to be located anywhere, including inside the nucleus.
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What is an Electron Cloud The electron cloud definition can be roughly presented as an area surrounding the nucleus of atoms and which is marked by the presence of electrons. This area can also be referred to as a fuzzy orbit of the electron which revolve around nucleus. Electron Cloud Atomic Model An electron is bound to nucleus by the Coulomb force. Direction of the Coulomb force is dependent on the charge (positive/negative) of the particle in question.
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- Electrons are found in the electron cloud. They are most likely found near the nucleus of the atom. This region of the atom is most often called the electron cloud.
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Atom The nucleus is the positively charged centre of an atom and contains most of its mass. It is composed of protons, which have a positive charge, and neutrons, which have no charge. Protons, neutrons, and the electrons surrounding them are long-lived particles present in all ordinary, naturally occurring atoms.
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- Rutherford then proposed the following structure of an atom. (a) Most of the mass of atom is in a dense positively charged nucleus. (b) Most of the volume of an atom is in an empty space in which negatively charged electrons move around the nucleus. The electrons are attracted to the nucleus by electrostatic attractions and the velocity of the electrons prevents the electrons from collapsing in on the nucleus.
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- The copper atom has 29 protons in its nucleus with 29 electrons orbiting the nucleus. Notice that in the copper atom, the electrons are arranged in several layers called shells. This is to graphically represent that the electrons are at different energy levels within the atom.
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Electron shells 1 The arrangement of electrons around nucleus in an atom is known as electron shell diagram or electron shell chart. 2  It represents the number of electrons in each shell and their arrangement in an atom. 3  Remember the electrons first fill in the lower shell than only move to higher one.
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Atom Every atom is composed of a nucleus and one or more electrons bound to the nucleus. The nucleus is made of one or more protons and typically a similar number of neutrons (none in hydrogen-1).Protons and neutrons are called nucleons. Over 99.94% of the atom's mass is in the nucleus.The protons have a positive electric charge, the electrons have a negative electric charge, and the neutrons have no electric charge. If the number of protons and electrons are equal, that atom is electrically neutral.very atom is composed of a nucleus and one or more electrons bound to the nucleus. The nucleus is made of one or more protons and typically a similar number of neutrons (none in hydrogen-1).
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CHEMISTRY I: ATOMS AND MOLECULES Elements differ from each other in the number of protons they have, e.g. Hydrogen has 1 proton; Helium has 2. The neutron also is located in the atomic nucleus (except in Hydrogen). The neutron has no charge, and a mass of slightly over 1 amu. Some scientists propose the neutron is made up of a proton and electron-like particle. The electron is a very small particle located outside the nucleus. Because they move at speeds near the speed of light the precise location of electrons is hard to pin down. Electrons occupy orbitals, or areas where they have a high statistical probability of occurring. The charge on an electron is -1.
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What does the electron cloud model describe? Electron Cloud Definition: The region of negative charge surrounding an atomic nucleus that is associated with an atomic orbital. By Anne Marie Helmenstine, Ph.D.
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Electron These orbitals are organized in concentric shells proceeding outward from the nucleus with an increasing number of subshells. The electrons in orbitals closest to the nucleus are held most tightly; those in the outermost orbitals are shielded by intervening electrons and are the most loosely held by the nucleus. As the electrons move about within this structure, they form a diffuse cloud of negative charge that occupies nearly the entire volume of the atom.
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- Atoms are mostly empty space, however. The diameter of the nucleus of an atom -- the protons and neutrons in the center -- is 10,000 times smaller than the total diameter of the atom.This space contains electrons flying around the nucleus, but is mostly empty. Thus, we can compare the relative distances inside the atom and the comparative size of the atom.toms are mostly empty space, however. The diameter of the nucleus of an atom -- the protons and neutrons in the center -- is 10,000 times smaller than the total diameter of the atom.
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- There are three primary components inside an atom: neutrons, electrons and protons. The neutrons have no charge, while the protons have a positive charge and electrons have a negative charge. The neutrons and protons exist in a dense center area called the nuclei, while the electrons exist in another space, called orbitals, around the nuclei. Full Answer >. Filed Under: