toxicogenomics definition
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- Toxicogenomics is a field of science that deals with the collection, interpretation, and storage of information about gene and protein activity within particular cell or tissue of an organism in response to toxic substances.
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Proteomics Proteomics is also used to reveal complex plant-insect interactions that help identify candidate genes involved in the defensive response of plants to herbivory. Interaction proteomics and protein networks. Interaction proteomics is the analysis of protein interactions from scales of binary interactions to proteome- or network-wide. Most proteins function via protein-protein interactions, and one goal of interaction proteomics is to identify binary protein interactions, protein complexes, and interactomes.
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- Detection of fire accelerants. Forensic engineering. Forensic toxicology is the use of toxicology and other disciplines such as analytical chemistry, pharmacology and clinical chemistry to aid medical or legal investigation of death, poisoning, and drug use.
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Metagenomicsupdate Metagenomics allows researchers to access the functional and metabolic diversity of microbial communities, but it cannot show which of these processes are active. [39] The extraction and analysis of metagenomic mRNA (the metatranscriptome) provides information on the regulation and expression profiles of complex communities.
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GENETICS molecular genetics (the branch of genetics concerned with the structure and activity of genetic material at the molecular level). pharmacogenetics (the branch of genetics that studies the genetically determined variations in responses to drugs in humans or laboratory organisms).eteroploid ((genetics) an organism or cell having a chromosome number that is not an even multiple of the haploid chromosome number for that species). haploid ((genetics) an organism or cell having only one complete set of chromosomes).
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toxicology They include general toxicology, which studies the dissemination of poisons in the body, their accumulation in organs and tissues, their biological transformation, their elimination from the body, and the nature of their adverse effects.
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Toxicogenomics and systems toxicology: aims and prospects Toxicogenomics: aims and methods. Toxicogenomics has three principal goals: to understand the relationship between environmental stress and human disease susceptibility (Fig. 1); to identify useful BIOMARKERS of disease and exposure to toxic substances; and to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of toxicity.
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- The study of the nature, effects, and detection of poisons and the treatment of poisoning. tox′i·co·log′i·cal (-kə-lŏj′ĭ-kəl), tox′i·co·log′ic (-ĭk) adj.
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Ergonomics Social Sciences. Definition: Ergonomics is the science of work. Ergonomics derives from two Greek words: ergon, meaning work, and nomoi, meaning natural laws. Combined they create a word that means the science of work and a persons relationship to that work.
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Drug-Gene Testing The word “pharmacogenomics” is combined from the words pharmacology (the study of the uses and effects of medications) and genomics (the study of genes and their functions). Your body has thousands of genes that you inherited from your parents.
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Forensic toxicology A forensic toxicologist must consider the context of an investigation, in particular any physical symptoms recorded, and any evidence collected at a crime scene that may narrow the search, such as pill bottles, powders, trace residue, and any available chemicals.rovided with this information and samples with which to work, the forensic toxicologist must determine which toxic substances are present, in what concentrations, and the probable effect of those chemicals on the person.
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Toxicokinetics Toxicokinetics (often abbreviated as 'TK') is the description of both what rate a chemical will enter the body and what occurs to excrete and metabolize the compound once it is in the body. It is an application of pharmacokinetics to determine the relationship between the systemic exposure of a compound in experimental animals and its toxicity.
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Cytogenetics cytogenetics. (cell and molecular biology). The comparative study of the mechanisms and behavior of chromosomes in populations and taxa, and the effect of chromosomes on inheritance and evolution.
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cytogenetics [sī′tōjənet′iks] the branch of genetics that studies the cellular constituents concerned with heredity, primarily the structure, function, and origin of the chromosomes. One kind of cytogenetics is clinical cytogenetics. Also called cytogenics.
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DEFINITION of 'Genomics' DEFINITION of 'Genomics'. The study of the genome, which is the complete set of the genetic material or DNA present in an organism. Genomics studies all genes and their inter relationships in an organism, so as to identify their combined influence on its growth and development. The field of genomics attracted worldwide attention in the late 1990s with the race to map the human genome. The Human Genome Project (HGP), completed in April 2003, made available for the first time the complete genetic blueprint of a human being.
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- meaning and application of toxicokinetics and to provide guidance on developing test strategies in toxicokinetics. The guidance highlights the need to integrate pharmacokinetics into toxicity testing, which should aid in the interpretation of the toxicology findings and promote rational study design development. Toxicokinetic measurements are normally integrated within the toxicity studies and as such are described in this document as 'concomitant toxicokinetics' (Note 1). Alternatively, data may be generated in other supportive studies conducted by mimicking the conditions of the toxicity studies.
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Toxicity Toxicity is the degree to which a chemical substance or a particular mixture of substances can damage an organism. Toxicity can refer to the effect on a whole organism, such as an animal, bacterium, or plant, as well as the effect on a substructure of the organism, such as a cell or an organ such as the liver. By extension, the word may be metaphorically used to describe toxic effects on larger and more complex groups, such as the family unit or society at large. Sometimes the word is more or le
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Genomics Genomics is an area of molecular biology and genetics that focuses on the structure, function, evolution and mapping of genomes. This field encompasses a wide range of research fields including genome sequencing, functional genomics, comparative genomics, bioinformatics, epigenomics, and gene regulation analysis.
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- Freebase(0.00 / 0 votes)Rate this definition: Metagenomics is the study of metagenomes, genetic material recovered directly from environmental samples. The broad field may also be referred to as environmental genomics, ecogenomics or community genomics.
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- Genetics is the study of single genes and their effects. For example, Huntington's or Tay-Sachs disease would be considered genetics because a single gene causes these diseases, despite environmental interactions. Genomics is the study of all your genes including interactions of those genes with each other and with your environment. For example, heart disease, asthma, diabetes, and cancer would all be considered genomics because they are caused by genetic and environmental factors.
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ergonomics the study of the relation of man to the environment in which he works and the application of anatomical, physiological, psychological, and engineering knowledge to the problems involved. Also called biotechnology. — ergonomic, adj.
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The Truth About Toxicology Tests Here is what toxicology tests include, why they take so long, and why they can be tricky. What is toxicology testing? The toxicology testing performed after a person's death is known as forensic toxicology testing or postmortem drug testing. That's different from clinical toxicology, according to the College of American Pathologists.
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What is proteomics? Areas of proteomics. Proteomic experiments generally collect data on three properties of proteins in a sample: location, abundance/turnover and post-translational modifications. Depending on the experimental design, researchers may be directly interested in these data, or may use them to infer additional information.
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Functional genomics Techniques and applications[edit] Functional genomics includes function-related aspects of the genome itself such as mutation and polymorphism (such as single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) analysis), as well as measurement of molecular activities.
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toxicology Also found in: Dictionary, Thesaurus, Medical, Wikipedia. Related to toxicology: toxicologist, environmental toxicology, Forensic toxicology. study of poisons, or toxins, from the standpoint of detection, isolation, identification, and determination of their effects on the human body. Toxicology may be considered the branch of pharmacologypharmacology, study of the changes produced in living animals by chemical substances, especially the actions of drugs, substances used to treat disease.
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- Forensic toxicologists perform. analysis of drugs and alcohol in biological samples, typically blood and urine, but increasingly in other. matrices such as oral fluid, and hair, for the purposes. of determining the timing, extent, and impairment. resulting from different patterns of drug and alcohol. use.