what drugs are nephrotoxic
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Nephrotoxic Injury Nephrotoxic injury is most commonly caused by drugs, primarily antibiotics, analgesics, and contrast agents. In some cases, such as with aminoglycosides and amphotericin B, the drug itself will damage the kidneys.
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Whats this called, (horse Equipment )? Best Answer: those are two different things. the thing the lead rope clips onto is called a halter. the piece that goes around the head and mouth and has a metal bar is called a bridle. and that metal thing is a bit. the halter is for leading a horse around/tieing/training, and a bridle is for riding. Source(s):
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Garamycin (gentamicin) Disease Interactions Although aminoglycoside-induced nephrotoxicity is generally reversible following discontinuation of the drug, death from uremia has occurred rarely. Therapy with aminoglycosides should be administered cautiously at reduced dosages in patients with renal impairment, since they may be at increased risk for oto- and nephrotoxicity due to drug accumulation.
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Medication: Neopolydex Neopolydex (Dexamethasone) inhibits the activity of phospholipase A2, which leads to suppression of the synthesis of prostaglandins and leukotrienes. With direct application to the vessels this drug has a vasoconstrictor effect. Neopolydex (Dexamethasone) has a pronounced dose-dependent effect on the metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins and fats.
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Drugs targeting the reninâangiotensinâaldosterone system Drugs that inhibit or antagonize components of the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system are addressing this deficiency by targeting both blood pressure and related structural and functional abnormalities of the heart and blood vessels, thus preventing target-organ damage and related cardiovascular events.
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Ofloxacin and ciprofloxacin As a fluoroquinolone, it is in the same class of agents as ciprofloxacin, enoxacin, levofloxacin, lomefloxacin, norfloxacin, and ofloxacin. Nalidixic acid is also a quinolone drug.s a fluoroquinolone, it is in the same class of agents as ciprofloxacin, enoxacin, levofloxacin, lomefloxacin, norfloxacin, and ofloxacin. Nalidixic acid is also a quinolone drug.
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Drugs Incompatible with alkaline solutions (sodium bicarbonate). MAOIs will engance the effect of dopamine. Bretylium may potnetiate effect of dopamine. Beta blockers may antagonize effects of dopamine. When administered with phentoin, , may cause hypotension, bradycardia, and seizures.
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Medicines That Can Cause Kidney Damage Certain antibiotics -- medications that kill bacteria -- can cause kidney damage. Some of these drugs affect the kidneys more than others. Gentamicin (Garamycin) and polymyxin E (Colistin) are two of the best known examples, with others being rifampin (Rifampicin) and vancomycin (Vancocin).
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Nephrotoxic Injury Damage to the kidneys is assessed through a combination of physical examination, blood tests, urine tests, and imaging procedures. Diagnosis of nephrotoxic injury as the underlying cause results from a thorough investigation of the patient's history.
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Garamycin (gentamicin) Disease Interactions Aminoglycosides are potentially oto- and nephrotoxic. Eighth cranial nerve damage may manifest as vestibular and/or auditory toxicities, including dizziness, nystagmus, vertigo, ataxia, tinnitus, and varying degrees of hearing impairment.
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levofloxacin (4) Drugs inhibiting the intermediate metabolism of bacteria, such as sulfonamides (e.g. sulfacetamide sodium) and trimethoprim. (5) Drugs inhibiting bacterial DNA synthesis, such as nalixidic acid and fluoroquinolones (e.g. ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, moxifloxacin, norfloxacin and ofloxacin).
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- Drug-induced nephrotoxicity tends to occur more. frequently in certain patients and in specific clinical. situations. therefore, successful prevention requires. knowledge of patient-related risk factors, drug-related. risk factors, and preemptive measures, coupled with. vigilance 7,33and early intervention.
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Drugs targeting the reninâangiotensinâaldosterone system Vasopeptidase inhibitors (VPIs) are a new class of cardiovascular drugs that have the novel action of simultaneously inhibiting ACE and neutral endopeptidase (NEP) (Fig. 5). NEP catalyses the hydrolysis of atrial natriuretic peptide, brain natriuretic peptide and C-type natriuretic peptide.
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- Acute tubular necrosis (ATN) is the sudden death of tubular cells in the kidney. ATN can happen after a kidney transplant if the kidney does not receive enough oxygen. Calcium channel blockers stop calcium ions flowing into the muscle cells of the heart and blood vessels. These blockers cause the muscles to widen and relax, lowering a person's blood pressure and improving their circulation.
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Drugs targeting the reninâangiotensinâaldosterone system Prominent among these drugs are agents that block components of the renin –angiotensin–aldosterone system (RAAS), including the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, the angiotensin II type 1 (AT1)-receptor blockers (ARBs) and the selective aldosterone-receptor antagonists (SARAs).
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Cardioinhibitory Drugs Cardioinhibitory Drugs. Cardioinhibitory drugs depress cardiac function by decreasing heart rate (chronotropy) and myocardial contractility (inotropy), which decreases cardiac output and arterial pressure. These cardiac changes reduce the work of the heart and myocardial oxygen consumption.
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- 5 Although renal impairment is often reversible if the offending drug is discontinued, the condition can be costly and may require multiple interventions, including hospitalization. 6 This article provides a summary of the most common mechanisms of drug-induced nephrotoxicity and prevention strategies.
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Aging & Health A to Z Nephrotic syndrome, a condition where proteins leak out of your kidneys, can often be treated effectively in older patients with the use of steroid medicines such as prednisone and other drugs that are taken in pill form (cytotoxic agents).
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Top Ten Drugs That Cause Kidney Damage Two drugs in this class have been withdrawn from the market because of cardiovascular toxicity: rofecoxib (brand name Vioxx), and valdecoxib (brand name Bextra). These drugs are a special class of NSAID that were developed to be safer for the stomach, but have the same risk as other NSAIDs for kidney damage.
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- Testing detects toxic concentrations of methotrexate at these time points. A drug called leucovorin (folinic acid) can be given as a rescue treatment to protect a person from the toxic effects of methotrexate.
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Sympathomimetic drug Sympathomimetic drug. Chemical structures of the catecholamines. Sympathomimetic drugs (also known as adrenergic drugs and adrenergic amines) are stimulant compounds which mimic the effects of endogenous agonists of the sympathetic nervous system.
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New Insights into the Mechanism of Aminoglycoside Nephrotoxicity The incidence of aminoglycoside nephrotoxicity has progressively increased since its introduction, until reaching 10–25% of the treatments, despite the accurate control and follow-up exercised on patients.
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- References. 1  1. Palco FG, Smith MM, Anieri GM (1969) Nephrotoxicity of aminoglycoside and gentamicin. 2  2. De Broe ME, Paulus GJ, Verpooten GA, Roels F, Buyssens N, Wedden R, Van Hoof F, Tulkens PM (1984) Early effects of gentamicin, tobramycin and amikacin on the human kidney.
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oxicams A class of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs used to treat arthritis. Examples are piroxicam (Feldene), meloxicam (Mobic), tenoxicam (Mobiflex) and lornoxicam (Xefo).
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- The use of concomitant nephrotoxins is a significant risk factor for development of nephrotoxicity with vancomycin. Common drugs include: 1  ACE inhibitors d. 2  Acyclovir a. 3  Allopurinol a. 4  Aminoglycosides c. 5  Amphotericin B c. 6  Antiretrovirals c. 7  Beta-lactams a,b. 8  Cisplatin c.
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- Some patient-related risk factors for drug-induced nephrotoxicity are age older than 60 years, underlying renal insuf-. ficiency (e.g., glomerular filtration rate of less than 60 mL per minute per 1.73 m2), volume depletion, diabetes, heart. failure, and sepsis.