what are osmotic diuretics used for
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- Diuretics are used to treat disorders such as hypertension and several types of edema that are caused by conditions such as heart failure and cirrhosis of the liver. However, use of diuretics can lead to complications, including dehydration and electrolyte imbalances. The action of carbonic anhydrase inhibitors reduces the rate of hydrogen ion secretion and there reabsorption of bicarbonate ions. The bicarbonate ions increase tubular osmotic pressure, causing osmotic diuresis. With long-term use, the diuretic effects of carbonic anhydrase inhibitors tends to be lost.
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Desmopressin Desmopressin is also used to control excessive thirst and the passage of an abnormally large amount of urine that may occur after a head injury or after certain types of surgery. Desmopressin is also used to control bed-wetting. Desmopressin is in a class of medications called hormones. It works by replacing vasopressin, a hormone that is normally produced in the body to help balance the amount of water and salt.
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- Some chemicals are diuretics; if ingested, they can cause increased urine production or urine flow. Thiazides and loop diuretics are two common classes of diuretics used in medical treatment. Diuretics may be used to treat ingestion of small quantities of harmful chemicals, such as rodenticides.
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Diuretics Diuretics are drugs that work in the kidney to increase urine flow, and thus, decrease extracellular fluid (ECF) volume. Diuretics are used to treat disorders in which for various reasons, there is an unhelpful increase in extracellular fluid volume. Two important examples are heart failure and hypertension.
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DIURETICS, THIAZIDE (Systemic) Thiazide diuretics are also used to help reduce the amount of water in the body by increasing the flow of urine. They may also be used for other conditions as determined by your doctor. Thiazide diuretics are available only with your doctor's prescription, in the following dosage forms:
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- Potassium sparing diuretics increase diuresis by interfering with the sodium-potassium exchange in the distal convoluted tubule in the kidneys or act as an antagonist at the aldosterone receptor (they inhibit the sodium channels associated with the aldosterone-sensitive sodium pump).
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- These include diuretics, beta-blockers, ACE inhibitors, angiotensin II receptor blockers, calcium channel blockers, and central alpha agonists. Table 1 provides a summary of the common medications used under each class. Common Medications Diuretics Diuretics help older adults decrease water and sodium retention.
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Use of Diuretics in Patients with Hypertension Thiazide diuretics became available in the late 1950s and were the first effective oral antihypertensive agents with an acceptable side-effect profile.1,2 A half-century later, thiazides remain important medications for the treatment of hypertension.
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Thiazide Thiazide is a type of molecule and a class of diuretics often used to treat hypertension (high blood pressure) and edema (such as that caused by heart, liver, or kidney disease).
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NCLEX - ADULT HEALTH PHARMACOLOGY - 739 Potassium chloride administered intravenously must always be diluted in IV fluid and infused Mannitol is an osmotic diuretic, according to Drugs.com. Osmotic diuretics are nonabsorbable substances, like mannitol, that cause an increase in urination. As a diuretic, mannitol may help prevent or treat conditions that cause an excess amount of water in the body by encouraging urination.
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- Isosorbide is used as a diuretic used mainly to treat hydrocephalus and is also used to treat glaucoma. Other medications are derived from isosorbide, including isosorbide dinitrate and isosorbide mononitrate, are used to treat angina pectoris. Other isosorbide-based medicines are used as osmotic diuretics and for treatment of esophageal varices.
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- Diuretics are commonly prescribed in the general. population to manage various conditions such as hy-. pertension, edema, and congestive heart failure (1). Although dialysis patients have similar conditions, the. use of diuretics declines sharply in these individuals. after they have been on dialysis for 2 years.
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Diuretics Most Effective Blood Pressure Medication for People with Metabolic Syndrome The data show that diuretics can be effective as a single-drug treatment for high blood pressure and be included in multi-drug treatment regimens in most patients, including those with metabolic syndrome, said Paula Einhorn, M.D., program director, NHLBI Division of Prevention and Population Sciences.
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Introduction Types of diuretics The three types of diuretic medications are called thiazide, loop, and potassium-sparing diuretics. All of them make your body excrete more fluids as urine. Thiazide diuretics. Thiazides are the most commonly prescribed diuretics. They’re most often used to treat high blood pressure. These drugs not only decrease fluids in your body, they also cause your blood vessels to relax.
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Diuretics Diuretics are used to treat the buildup of excess fluid in the body that occurs with some medical conditions such as congestive heart failure, liver disease, and kidney disease. Some diuretics are also prescribed to treat high blood pressure. These drugs act on the kidneys to increase urine output.
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Drug Therapy: Diuretics Drug Therapy: Diuretics. Diuretics reduce the amount of salt and water in the body. As the kidneys filter the excess water from the blood, the volume of blood the heart has to pump is reduced, causing blood pressure to go down. Diuretics are given when the have congestive high blood pressure, swelling or water retention (edema) or heart failure.
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Furosemide Furosemide is primarily used for the treatment of hypertension and edema. It is the first-line agent in most people with edema caused by congestive heart failure.urosemide, like other loop diuretics, acts by inhibiting NKCC2, the luminal Na-K-2Cl symporter in the thick ascending limb of the loop of Henle.
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Diuretics High blood pressure (hypertension) Uses for diuretics. The Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure recommends that most people try thiazide diuretics first to treat high blood pressure and heart problems related to high blood pressure.
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Mannitol Injection Osmitrol Intravenous Infusion (Mannitol Intravenous Infusion BP) is one of the nonelectrolyte, -. obligatory, osmotic diuretics. It is freely filterable at the renal glomerulus, is poorly reabsorbed. by the renal tubule, is not secreted by the tubule, and is pharmacologically inert.
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What are the side effects of hydrochlorothiazide? PRESCRIBED FOR: Furosemide is a powerful diuretic that is used to treat excessive accumulation of fluid and/or swelling (edema) of the body caused by heart failure, cirrhosis, chronic kidney failure, and the nephrotic syndrome.
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Over the Counter Diuretics for Edema Loop diuretics such as Lasix (Furosemide) are the most commonly used of the diuretics. They are especially effective for edema patients who also suffer from renal impairment, liver cirrhosis, heart failure and nephrotic syndrome.
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Mannitol Urinary Excretion of Toxins. Used alone or with other diuretics (e.g., furosemide, ethacrynic acid) to promote the urinary excretion of toxins (e.g., aspirin or other salicylates, some barbiturates, bromides, imipramine) as an adjunct to usual treatment regimens in patients with severe intoxications.a b.
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- Sometimes, diuretics -- also called water pills -- are used to treat heart disease. They help your body get rid of unneeded water and salt through urine. That makes it easier for your heart to pump and to control blood pressure. Examples of diuretics include:
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Loop diuretic Chemical structures of some loop diuretics. Loop diuretics are diuretics that act at the ascending limb of the loop of Henle in the kidney. They are primarily used in medicine to treat hypertension and edema often due to congestive heart failure or renal insufficiency.
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Furosemide Furosemide is used to treat edema (fluid retention; excess fluid held in body tissues) caused by various medical problems, including heart, kidney, and liver disease. Furosemide is in a class of medications called diuretics ('water pills').
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Magnesium Hydroxide Suspension It is a laxative (osmotic-type) that is thought to work by drawing water into the intestines, an effect that helps to cause movement of the intestines. This medication is also used to treat symptoms caused by too much stomach acid such as heartburn, upset stomach, or indigestion.