I obtained an engineering degree in Biomedical engineering from Université de Technologie de Compiègne (UTC) in 1989  a DEA (Diplôme d’Etudes Approfondies) in Control of Complex Systems from UTC in 1990  a PhD in Control of Complex Systems from UTC in 1993  a University Degree in Human Genetics from The University of Rennes 1 in 2001 and a master degree in Functional Genomics from University Paris Diderot Paris 7 in 2002