how to convert from base64 to hexadecimal in php?
<p>I was thinking to use this:</p>

<pre><code>&lt;?php
$string1 = 'V2h5IEkgY2FuJ3QgZG8gdGhpcyEhISEh';
echo base64_decode($string1);
?&gt;
</code></pre>

<p>The output for this example should always be 18 characters! But sometimes this output is less than 18.</p>

<p>24 (base64 characters) multiplied by 6 (bits per base64 character) equals to 144 (bits) divided by 8 (bits per ASCII character) equals to 18 ASCII characters.</p>

<p>The problem is that the output is displayed in plain text; and some characters don't even have a "text representation" and that data will be lost. The next test will show that there are 41 different ASCII characters with no visible output.</p>

<pre><code>&lt;?php
for ($i = 0; $i &lt;= 255; $i++) {
    $string2 = chr($i);
    echo $i . " = " . $string2 . "&lt;br&gt;";
}
?&gt;
</code></pre>

<p>My plan was to decode the base64 string and from the output in ASCII reconvert it to hexadecimal. Now that is not possible because of those 41 characters.</p>

<p>I  also tried <code>base_convert</code> but there is no base64 support for it.</p>