Premise: When year was the Maastrich Treaty signed?

Hypothesis: The principal Treaties that form the European Union began with common rules for coal and steel, and then atomic energy, but more complete and formal institutions were established through the Treaty of Rome 1957 and the Maastricht Treaty 1992 (now: TFEU).


Premise: Haeckelia prey mostly on what animal?

Hypothesis: Members of the genus Haeckelia prey on jellyfish and incorporate their prey's nematocysts (stinging cells) into their own tentacles instead of colloblasts.


Premise: Who may introduce new laws or amendments to laws already on the books as a bill?

Hypothesis: Bills can be introduced to Parliament in a number of ways; the Scottish Government can introduce new laws or amendments to existing laws as a bill; a committee of the Parliament can present a bill in one of the areas under its remit; a member of the Scottish Parliament can introduce a bill as a private member; or a private bill can be submitted to Parliament by an outside proposer.


Premise: What is the country known for?

Hypothesis: Kenyan athletes (particularly Kalenjin) continue to dominate the world of distance running, although competition from Morocco and Ethiopia has reduced this supremacy.


Premise: What cruise line has included Newcastle as a departure port since 2007?

Hypothesis: Since summer 2007, Thomson cruise lines have included Newcastle as a departure port on its Norwegian and Fjords cruise.


Premise: What is the parliamentary mace made of?

Hypothesis: The words There shall be a Scottish Parliament, which are the first words of the Scotland Act, are inscribed around the head of the mace, which has a formal ceremonial role in the meetings of Parliament, reinforcing the authority of the Parliament in its ability to make laws.


Premise: What is another country that permits physicians to give out drugs from within their practice?

Hypothesis: In some rural areas in the United Kingdom, there are dispensing physicians who are allowed to both prescribe and dispense prescription-only medicines to their patients from within their practices.


Premise: What uprising began in 1351?

Hypothesis: In 1351, the Red Turban Rebellion started and grew into a nationwide uprising.


Premise: What was he hoping to stimulate with the toe squishing?

Hypothesis: For exercise, Tesla walked between 8 to 10 miles per day.


Premise: To promote accessibility of the works, what did Luther remove?

Hypothesis: Luther's translation used the variant of German spoken at the Saxon chancellery, intelligible to both northern and southern Germans.


Premise: How did the revocation restrict Huguenot travel?

Hypothesis: It proved disastrous to the Huguenots and costly for France.


Premise: What criticism in NY times article that impacts the quality of Education at Harvard?

Hypothesis: The Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching, The New York Times, and some students have criticized Harvard for its reliance on teaching fellows for some aspects of undergraduate education; they consider this to adversely affect the quality of education.


Premise: At what time did Martin Luther die?

Hypothesis: An apoplectic stroke deprived him of his speech, and he died shortly afterwards at 2:45 a.m. on 18 February 1546, aged 62, in Eisleben, the city of his birth.


Premise: What was the occasion for the boat demonstration?

Hypothesis: In 1898, Tesla demonstrated a radio-controlled boat—which he dubbed "teleautomaton"—to the public during an electrical exhibition at Madison Square Garden.


Premise: What exists between fundamentalist Islamism and reformist Islamism?

Hypothesis: While Islamist political culture itself may not be democratic, Islamists need democratic elections to maintain their legitimacy.


Premise: What would a teacher assess the levels of a student on?

Hypothesis: Teaching using pedagogy also involve assessing the educational levels of the students on particular skills.


Premise: What shape are some of the buildings in the Parliament complex?

Hypothesis: Throughout the building there are many repeated motifs, such as shapes based on Raeburn's Skating Minister.


Premise: What was Michael Eisner's main credit in his time at ABC?

Hypothesis: Eisner left ABC in 1976 to become president of Paramount Pictures (and would later become the President of ABC's eventual parent company, Disney).


Premise: Why did the exiled Polish government in London order the underground Home Army to seize control of Warsaw prior to the arrival of the Red Army?

Hypothesis: the Polish government-in-exile in London gave orders to the underground Home Army (AK) to try to seize control of Warsaw from the Germans before the Red Army arrived.


Premise: Who were the Westwood one color analysts?

Hypothesis: Westwood One will carry the game throughout North America, with Kevin Harlan as play-by-play announcer, Boomer Esiason and Dan Fouts as color analysts, and James Lofton and Mark Malone as sideline reporters.


Premise: In the effort of maintaining a level of abstraction, what choice is typically left independent?

Hypothesis: This can be achieved by ensuring that different representations can be transformed into each other efficiently.


Premise: What building from the 19th century was destroyed between the 1950s and 1960s?

Hypothesis: After liberation, rebuilding began as in other cities of the communist-ruled PRL.


Premise: Which Carolina Panthers wide receiver suffered a torn ACL before the season began?

Hypothesis: Despite waiving longtime running back DeAngelo Williams and losing top wide receiver Kelvin Benjamin to a torn ACL in the preseason, the Carolina Panthers had their best regular season in franchise history, becoming the seventh team to win at least 15 regular season games since the league expanded to a 16-game schedule in 1978.


Premise: What is the position Derek Wolfe plays currently?

Hypothesis: Defensive ends Derek Wolfe and Malik Jackson


Premise: The corruption found by the Committee of Independent Experts resulted to the creation of what office?

Hypothesis: This led to the creation of the European Anti-fraud Office.


Premise: What did Luther's degree in 1509 concern?

Hypothesis: In 1507, he was ordained to the priesthood, and in 1508, von Staupitz, first dean of the newly founded University of Wittenberg, sent for Luther, to teach theology.


Premise: What element is used as a coolant in the process of making liquid oxygen?

Hypothesis: Liquid oxygen may also be produced by condensation out of air, using liquid nitrogen as a coolant.


Premise: What did lane and vail finance?

Hypothesis: After leaving Edison's company Tesla partnered with two businessmen in 1886, Robert Lane and Benjamin Vail, who agreed to finance an electric lighting company in Tesla's name, Tesla Electric Light & Manufacturing.


Premise: What streets are contraflows to be implemented on in Newcastle?

Hypothesis: The authority also has infrastructure aims and objectives which include: developing on road cycle networks on quieter streets; making safer routes on busier streets; innovating and implementing contraflows on one way streets; developing the existing off road cycle route networks and improve signage; joining up routes that are partially or completely isolated; Increase the number of cycle parking facilities; working with employers to integrate cycling into workplace travel plans; link the local networks to national networks.


Premise: Where is Polonia's home venue located?

Hypothesis: Polonia was relegated from the country's top flight in 2013 because of their disastrous financial situation.


Premise: Where does Kenya have deposits of oil?

Hypothesis: Kenya, east Africa's largest economy, has no strategic reserves and relies solely on oil marketers' 21-day oil reserves required under industry regulations.


Premise: What was extent of Celeron's expedition?

Hypothesis: Whenever he encountered British merchants or fur-traders, Céloron informed them of the French claims on the territory and told them to leave.


Premise: Why should one not go to jail?

Hypothesis: But that is different than the notion that they must go to jail as part of a rule connected with civil disobedience.


Premise: What hotel did the Panthers stay in during Super Bowl 50?

Hypothesis: The Broncos practiced at Stanford University and stayed at the Santa Clara Marriott.


Premise: What type of practices did the Yuan reintroduce in government?

Hypothesis: Confucian governmental practices and examinations based on the Classics, which had fallen into disuse in north China during the period of disunity, were reinstated by the Yuan court, probably in the hope of maintaining order over Han society.


Premise: When was Zia-ul-Haq killed?

Hypothesis: Zia-ul-Haq was killed in 1988 but Islamization remains an important element in Pakistani society.


Premise: When did the practice of wiping tapes stop?

Hypothesis: Between about 1964 and 1973, large amounts of older material stored in the BBC's various video tape and film libraries were either destroyed,[note 3] wiped, or suffered from poor storage which led to severe deterioration from broadcast quality.


Premise: Historically, which movement has the Methodist Church supported?

Hypothesis: In fact, the United Methodist Church uses unfermented grape juice in the sacrament of Holy Communion, thus "expressing pastoral concern for recovering alcoholics, enabling the participation of children and youth, and supporting the church's witness of abstinence."


Premise: Who created the theme used in 1986?

Hypothesis: American composer John Debney created a new arrangement of Ron Grainer's original theme for Doctor Who in 1996.


Premise: When was the settlement which would become Warsaw established?

Hypothesis: After Jazdów was raided by nearby clans and dukes, a new similar settlement was established on the site of a small fishing village called Warszowa.


Premise: What is the House of Tides?

Hypothesis: Close, Sandhill and Quayside contain modern buildings as well as structures dating from the 15th–18th centuries, including Bessie Surtees House, the Cooperage and Lloyds Quayside Bars, Derwentwater House and "House of Tides", a restaurant situated at a Grade I-listed 16th century merchant's house at 28–30 Close.


Premise: What German ruler invited Huguenot immigration?

Hypothesis: Several prominent German military, cultural, and political figures were ethnic Huguenot, including poet Theodor Fontane, General Hermann von François, the hero of the First World War Battle of Tannenberg, Luftwaffe General and fighter ace Adolf Galland, Luftwaffe flying ace Hans-Joachim Marseille, and famed U-boat captain Lothar von Arnauld de la Perière.


Premise: What percentage of German students attended private schools in 2008?

Hypothesis: Overall, between 1992 and 2008 the percent of pupils in such schools in Germany increased from 6.1% to 7.8% (including rise from 0.5% to 6.1% in the former GDR).


Premise: Who was one French pro-reform Roman Catholic of the 15th century?

Hypothesis: Other predecessors of the Reformed church included the pro-reform and Gallican Roman Catholics, such as Jacques Lefevre (c. 1455–1536).


Premise: What did Carolina face in the opening drive that they had not faced the entire postseason?

Hypothesis: The score marked the first time in the entire postseason that Carolina was facing a deficit.


Premise: On which corner is the shopping center located?

Hypothesis: The neighborhood has very little retail activity, aside from the area near Fresno Street and State Route 99 Freeway (Kearney Palm Shopping Center, built in the late 1990s) and small corner markets scattered throughout.


Premise: Who was the Super Bowl 50 MVP?

Hypothesis: The Broncos took an early lead in Super Bowl 50 and never trailed.


Premise: How much did Saudi Arabia spend on spreading Wahhabism?

Hypothesis: Saudi Arabia spent over 100 billion dollars in the ensuing decades for helping spread its fundamentalist interpretation of Islam, known as Wahhabism, throughout the world, via religious charities such al-Haramain Foundation, which often also distributed funds to violent Sunni extremist groups such as Al-Qaeda and the Taliban.


Premise: In what year did Raymond Sullivan publish a study of rudimentary sets?

Hypothesis: Earlier papers studying problems solvable by Turing machines with specific bounded resources include  John Myhill's definition of linear bounded automata (Myhill 1960), Raymond Smullyan's study of rudimentary sets (1961), as well as Hisao Yamada's paper on real-time computations (1962).


Premise: What formation has an asymmetrical pattern of different terraces?

Hypothesis: The Vistula River is the specific axis of Warsaw, which divides the city into two parts, left and right.


Premise: What was Apple Talk

Hypothesis: It was the primary protocol used by Apple devices through the 1980s and 90s.


Premise: Which month is the first in the year Parliament takes a two week vacation?

Hypothesis: Parliament typically sits Tuesdays, Wednesdays and Thursdays from early January to late June and from early September to mid December, with two-week recesses in April and October.


Premise: Who did Newton get a pass to in the Panther starting plays of Super Bowl 50?

Hypothesis: But once again they came up empty, this time as a result of a Newton pass that bounced off the hands of Ginn and was intercepted by safety T. J. Ward.


Premise: What trading route joined Khwarezmia and the Mongol Empire?

Hypothesis: Genghis Khan then sent again a second group of three ambassadors (two Mongols and a Muslim) to meet the Shah himself instead of the governor Inalchuq.


Premise: In which year were Rodin's works given to the V&A?

Hypothesis: Rodin is represented by more than 20 works in the museum collection, making it one of the largest collections of the sculptor's work outside France; these were given to the museum by the sculptor in 1914, as acknowledgement of Britain's support of France in World War I, although the statue of St John the Baptist had been purchased in 1902 by public subscription.


Premise: What kind of bureaucracy did the Normans institute?

Hypothesis: Under this state, there was great religious freedom, and alongside the Norman nobles existed a meritocratic bureaucracy of Jews, Muslims and Christians, both Catholic and Eastern Orthodox.


Premise: When did Martin Luther receive his Doctor of Theology?

Hypothesis: He spent the rest of his career in this position at the University of Wittenberg.


Premise: Who issued the Royal Proclamation of 1763?

Hypothesis: When accommodations were made in the Quebec Act in 1774 to address this and other issues, religious concerns were raised in the largely Protestant Thirteen Colonies over the advance of "popery"; the Act maintained French Civil law, including the seigneurial system, a medieval code soon to be removed from France within a generation by the French Revolution.


Premise: When is the oldest recorded incident of civil disobedience?

Hypothesis: The earliest recorded incidents of collective civil disobedience took place during the Roman Empire[citation needed].


Premise: When were images being used to promote the spread of Lutheranism?

Hypothesis: " He was shown to be physically imposing, an equal in stature to the secular German princes with whom he would join forces to spread Lutheranism.


Premise: Who patented a steam engine in 1781?

Hypothesis: The stationary steam engine was a key component of the Industrial Revolution, allowing factories to locate where water power was unavailable.


Premise: What did the Court of Justice say Steymann was entitled to?

Hypothesis: According to the Court of Justice, a "worker" is anybody who is economically active, which includes everyone in an employment relationship, "under the direction of another person" for "remuneration".


Premise: What famous July Fourth holiday movie did Fox pay to advertise a sequel of during the Super Bowl?

Hypothesis: Resurgence and Eddie the Eagle, Lionsgate paid for Gods of Egypt, Paramount paid for Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles: Out of the Shadows and 10 Cloverfield Lane, Universal paid for The Secret Life of Pets and the debut trailer for Jason Bourne and Disney paid for Captain America: Civil War, The Jungle Book and Alice Through the Looking Glass.[citation needed]


Premise: Why did Tesla avoid by fleeing Smiljan?

Hypothesis: In 1874, Tesla evaded being drafted into the Austro-Hungarian Army in Smiljan by running away to Tomingaj, near Gračac.


Premise: What is the process by which the antigen/antibody complex is processed in to peptides?

Hypothesis: This antigen/antibody complex is taken up by the B cell and processed by proteolysis into peptides.


Premise: What principle highlights the significance of primes in number theory

Hypothesis: This local-global principle again underlines the importance of primes to number theory.


Premise: Different committees have what set out in different ways?

Hypothesis: There are different committees with their functions set out in different ways.


Premise: What was Brown's job?

Hypothesis: Based on Tesla's patents and other ideas they agreed to back him financially and handle his patents.


Premise: What components raise steam temperature above its saturated vapor point?

Hypothesis: When coal is used, a chain or screw stoking mechanism and its drive engine or motor may be included to move the fuel from a supply bin (bunker) to the firebox.


Premise: What separates the neuroimmune system and peripheral immune system in humans?

Hypothesis: The immune system is a system of many biological structures and processes within an organism that protects against disease.


Premise: What would a teacher do for someone who is cocky?

Hypothesis: The function of the teacher is to pressure the lazy, inspire the bored, deflate the cocky, encourage the timid, detect and correct individual flaws, and broaden the viewpoint of all.


Premise: What was the first problem astronauts encountered during the plugs-out test?

Hypothesis: The plugs-out test began on the morning of January 27, 1967, and immediately was plagued with problems.


Premise: What coalition rose up to oppose Louis XIV's France?

Hypothesis: Stadtholder William III of Orange, who later became King of England, emerged as the strongest opponent of king Louis XIV after the French attacked the Dutch Republic in 1672.


Premise: What is evidence chloroplasts descended from endosymbiotic cyanobacteria?

Hypothesis: This is often interpreted as meaning the outer chloroplast membrane is the product of the host's cell membrane infolding to form a vesicle to surround the ancestral cyanobacterium—which is not true—both chloroplast membranes are homologous to the cyanobacterium's original double membranes.


Premise: What cycle starts with rubisco?

Hypothesis: Most of the G3P molecules are recycled back into RuBP using energy from more ATP, but one out of every six produced leaves the cycle—the end product of the dark reactions.


Premise: When did Luther receive a degree in Biblical studies?

Hypothesis: In 1507, he was ordained to the priesthood, and in 1508, von Staupitz, first dean of the newly founded University of Wittenberg, sent for Luther, to teach theology.


Premise: When was the Britain Can Make It exhibition held?

Hypothesis: Before the return of the collections after the war, the Britain Can Make It exhibition was held between September and November 1946, attracting nearly a million and a half visitors.


Premise: Which of Genghis Khan's mentors practiced Christianity?

Hypothesis: The Mongol Empire practiced religious tolerance because Mongol tradition had long held that religion was a personal concept, and not subject to law or interference.[citation needed]


Premise: Why the narrow part of St. John's River called Cowford?

Hypothesis: After Spain ceded the Florida Territory to the United States in 1821, American settlers on the north side of the Cow Ford decided to plan a town, laying out the streets and plats.


Premise: What does teaching on an island result in?

Hypothesis: Extra pay is also given for teaching through the Irish language, in a Gaeltacht area or on an island.


Premise: During withdrawal from Fort William Henry, what did some Indian allies of French do?

Hypothesis: French irregular forces (Canadian scouts and Indians) harassed Fort William Henry throughout the first half of 1757.


Premise: How many paintings did John Sheeshanks give to the museum?

Hypothesis: In 1857 John Sheepshanks donated 233 paintings, mainly by contemporary British artists, and a similar number of drawings to the museum with the intention of forming a 'A National Gallery of British Art', a role since taken on by Tate Britain; artists represented are William Blake, James Barry, Henry Fuseli, Sir Edwin Henry Landseer, Sir David Wilkie, William Mulready, William Powell Frith, Millais and Hippolyte Delaroche.


Premise: Where is the chloroplast peripheral reticulum less commonly found?

Hypothesis: Some chloroplasts contain a structure called the chloroplast peripheral reticulum.


Premise: What evidence between and among complexity classes would signify a theoretical watershed for complexity theory?

Hypothesis: , it is possible that all these complexity classes collapse to one class.


Premise: How many seasons did the BBC produce Doctor Who?

Hypothesis: The BBC drama department's serials division produced the programme for 26 seasons, broadcast on BBC 1.


Premise: Where did the world's first railway journey terminate?

Hypothesis: The first full-scale working railway steam locomotive was built by Richard Trevithick in the United Kingdom and, on 21 February 1804, the world's first railway journey took place as Trevithick's unnamed steam locomotive hauled a train along the tramway from the Pen-y-darren ironworks, near Merthyr Tydfil to Abercynon in south Wales.


Premise: What rates of health and social problems are in countries with high inequality?

Hypothesis: Using statistics from 23 developed countries and the 50 states of the US, they found social/health problems lower in countries like Japan and Finland and states like Utah and New Hampshire with high levels of equality, than in countries (US and UK) and states (Mississippi and New York) with large differences in household income.


Premise: What do some modern historians claim Genghis Khan sought to add his legal code at the end of his reign?

Hypothesis: However, there is no evidence of this, or of the lifting of discriminatory policies towards sedentary peoples such as the Chinese.


Premise: Who wrote a resounding letter to the elector praising Luther?

Hypothesis: After the sixth sermon, the Wittenberg jurist Jerome Schurf wrote to the elector: "Oh, what joy has Dr. Martin's return spread among us!


Premise: What does the City Council divide itself into?

Hypothesis: Like most legislative bodies, the City Council divides itself into committees which have the oversight of various functions of the city government.


Premise: Who presided over the assembly?

Hypothesis: It was conducted from 28 January to 25 May 1521, with Emperor Charles V presiding.


Premise: What shape are granal thylakoids?

Hypothesis: Granal thylakoids are pancake-shaped circular disks about 300–600 nanometers in diameter.


Premise: What condition what must be satisfied in order for 1/p to be expressed in base q instead of base 10 and still have a period of p - 1?

Hypothesis: Giuga's conjecture says that this equation is also a sufficient condition for p to be prime.


Premise: Who were responsible for the interior decorations of the Green Dining Room?

Hypothesis: The Grill Room 1876–81 was designed by Sir Edward Poynter, the lower part of the walls consist of blue and white tiles with various figures and foliage enclosed by wood panelling, above there are large tiled scenes with figures depicting the four seasons and the twelve months these were painted by ladies from the Art School then based in the museum, the windows are also stained glass, there is an elaborate cast-iron grill still in place.


Premise: What authority enforced the ban on the 95 Theses?

Hypothesis: This was a general assembly of the estates of the Holy Roman Empire that took place in Worms, a town on the Rhine.


Premise: What is the expression used to represent a complexity class of counting problems?

Hypothesis: #P is an important complexity class of counting problems (not decision problems).


Premise: How are AUSTPAC connections made

Hypothesis: Started by Telecom Australia in the early 1980s, AUSTPAC was Australia's first public packet-switched data network, supporting applications such as on-line betting, financial applications — the Australian Tax Office made use of AUSTPAC — and remote terminal access to academic institutions, who maintained their connections to AUSTPAC up until the mid-late 1990s in some cases.


Premise: Which country's invasion show the insecurity of the Middle East?

Hypothesis: In the wake of the Iranian revolution the Saudis were forced to deal with the prospect of internal destabilization via the radicalism of Islamism, a reality which would quickly be revealed in the seizure of the Grand Mosque in Mecca by Wahhabi extremists during November 1979 and a Shiite revolt in the oil rich Al-Hasa region of Saudi Arabia in December of the same year.


Premise: What was the final score of Super Bowl 50?

Hypothesis: As this was the 50th Super Bowl, the league emphasized the "golden anniversary" with various gold-themed initiatives, as well as temporarily suspending the tradition of naming each Super Bowl game with Roman numerals (under which the game would have been known as "Super Bowl L"), so that the logo could prominently feature the Arabic numerals 50.


Premise: In what part of the city did residents suffer from a lack of city services?

Hypothesis: In addition, residents in unincorporated suburbs had difficulty obtaining municipal services, such as sewage and building code enforcement.


Premise: What does civil disobedience relate to?

Hypothesis: For instance, if the head of government of a country were to refuse to enforce a decision of that country's highest court, it would not be civil disobedience, since the head of government would be acting in her or his capacity as public official rather than private citizen.


Premise: What do C4 plants need?

Hypothesis: Normally, the reenergized electrons are taken by NADP+, though sometimes they can flow back down more H+-pumping electron transport chains to transport more hydrogen ions into the thylakoid space to generate more ATP.


Premise: France laid siege to Montpellier in what year?

Hypothesis: Tension with Paris led to a siege by the royal army in 1622.


Premise: What are some proposals to connect campuses?

Hypothesis: The institution asserts that such expansion will benefit not only the school, but surrounding community, pointing to such features as the enhanced transit infrastructure, possible shuttles open to the public, and park space which will also be publicly accessible.


Premise: What characteristic of oxygen causes it to form bonds with other elements?

Hypothesis: Many oxides of the transition metals are non-stoichiometric compounds, with slightly less metal than the chemical formula would show.


Premise: How many outputs are expected for each input in a function problem?

Hypothesis: Notable examples include the traveling salesman problem and the integer factorization problem.


Premise: Who voted against Jacksonville's annexation?

Hypothesis: In 1958, a study recommended that the city of Jacksonville begin annexing outlying communities in order to create the needed tax base to improve services throughout the county.


Premise: What is used to quantify the intuitive undestanding of forces?

Hypothesis: As with other physical concepts (e.g. temperature), the intuitive understanding of forces is quantified using precise operational definitions that are consistent with direct observations and compared to a standard measurement scale.


Premise: Why did Vision 2030 add the NCCAP?

Hypothesis: In 2007, the Kenyan government unveiled Vision 2030, an economic development programme it hopes will put the country in the same league as the Asian Economic Tigers by the year 2030.


Premise: Who was the MVP of Super Bowl I and II?

Hypothesis: Bart Starr (MVP of Super Bowls


Premise: Who did BSkyB compete with initially?

Hypothesis: Within 30 days, over 100,000 digiboxes had been sold, which help bolstered BSkyB's decision to give away free digiboxes and minidishes from May 1999.


Premise: Where did the world's first railway journey terminate?

Hypothesis: Trevithick visited the Newcastle area later in 1804 and the colliery railways in north-east England became the leading centre for experimentation and development of steam locomotives.


Premise: How many touchdowns did Manning have at the end of the game?

Hypothesis: McManus made all four of his field goals, making him perfect on all 11 attempts during the post-season.


Premise: Which channel did the 5 applications request for broadcast?

Hypothesis: While its radio network was undergoing reconstruction, ABC found it difficult to avoid falling behind on the new medium of television.


Premise: What is the name of Harvard's basketball facility?

Hypothesis: Harvard has several athletic facilities, such as the Lavietes Pavilion, a multi-purpose arena and home to the Harvard basketball teams.


Premise: When did the Rhine Straightening program begin?

Hypothesis: On the French side, the Grand Canal d'Alsace was dug, which carries a significant part of the river water, and all of the traffic.


Premise: What is the temperature in the highest portion of the mountain range in winter?

Hypothesis: Average temperatures are less than 9 °C (48 °F) in winter and below 0 °C (32 °F) in the highest parts of the ranges.


Premise: What icons were reintroduced in series 2 of the revival show?

Hypothesis: Davies' successor, Steven Moffat, has continued the trend by reviving the Silurians in series 5, Cybermats in series 6, the Great Intelligence and the Ice Warriors in Series 7, and Zygons in the 50th Anniversary Special.


Premise: Members of which organizations are disqualified from sitting in the SP as elected MSPs?

Hypothesis: Specifically, members must be over the age of 18 and must be a citizen of the United Kingdom, the Republic of Ireland, one of the countries in the Commonwealth of Nations, a citizen of a British overseas territory, or a European Union citizen resident in the UK.


Premise: What is the guidebook for local churches and pastors?

Hypothesis: The Book of Discipline is the guidebook for local churches and pastors and describes in considerable detail the organizational structure of local United Methodist churches.


Premise: What is the name of the CBS affiliate in Fresno?

Hypothesis: KMJ is now known as NBC affiliate KSEE.


Premise: Which linebacker led the Broncos in tackles?

Hypothesis: Linebacker Brandon Marshall led the team in total tackles with 109, while Danny Trevathan ranked second with 102.


Premise: Who was the most influential researcher among those grappling with the deficit of work surrounding the complexity posed by algorithmic problems?

Hypothesis: Before the actual research explicitly devoted to the complexity of algorithmic problems started off, numerous foundations were laid out by various researchers.


Premise: What commemorates Warsaw's heroic history?

Hypothesis: There are also many places commemorating the heroic history of Warsaw.


Premise: Which player played even though he broke his arm two weeks prior to the Super Bowl?


Premise: What was one of theories as to what caused Tesla's father's unspecified illness?

Hypothesis: During that year, Tesla taught a large class of students in his old school, Higher Real Gymnasium, in Gospić.


Premise: Who were the two lay preachers that Wesley ordained as presbyters?

Hypothesis: He knew that for two centuries the succession of bishops in the Church of Alexandria was preserved through ordination by presbyters alone and was considered valid by the ancient church.


Premise: What is the Victoria state bird?

Hypothesis: The state symbols include the pink heath (state flower), Leadbeater's possum (state animal) and the helmeted honeyeater (state bird).


Premise: What are the biggest game animals of Kenya called?

Hypothesis: The "Big Five" game animals of Africa, that is the lion, leopard, buffalo, rhinoceros, and elephant, can be found in Kenya and in the Masai Mara in particular.


Premise: Who along with Russia supported post WW-II communist movements?

Hypothesis: After World War II, the Soviet Union installed socialist regimes modeled on those it had installed in 1919–20 in the old Tsarist Empire in areas its forces occupied in Eastern Europe.


Premise: Who leads the Student Government?

Hypothesis: It is led by an Executive Committee, chaired by a President with the assistance of two Vice Presidents, one for Administration and the other for Student Life, elected together as a slate by the student body each spring.


Premise: Besides viniculture, what is the other dominate economic sector in the middle rhine?

Hypothesis: With its outstanding architectural monuments, the slopes full of vines, settlements crowded on the narrow river banks and scores of castles lined up along the top of the steep slopes, the Middle Rhine Valley can be considered the epitome of the Rhine romanticism.


Premise: What part of the V&A collection does the Henry Cole Wing houses?

Hypothesis: It is now used to jointly house the prints and architectural drawings of the V&A (prints, drawings, paintings and photographs) and Royal Institute of British Architects (RIBA Drawings and Archives Collections); and the Sackler Centre for arts education, which opened in 2008.


Premise: When did Honda, Toyota and Nissan open US assembly plants?

Hypothesis: Some buyers lamented the small size of the first Japanese compacts, and both Toyota and Nissan (then known as Datsun) introduced larger cars such as the Toyota Corona Mark II, the Toyota Cressida, the Mazda 616 and Datsun 810, which added passenger space and amenities such as air conditioning, power steering, AM-FM radios, and even power windows and central locking without increasing the price of the vehicle.


Premise: Manning was the number one pick in which draft?

Hypothesis: Manning was the #1 selection of the 1998 NFL draft, while Newton was picked first in 2011.


Premise: What attribute of humans interfered with nature's ruthlessness in Tesla's opinion?

Hypothesis: Tesla, like many of his era, became a proponent of an imposed selective breeding version of eugenics.


Premise: In what year did Savery patent his steam pump?

Hypothesis: Thomas Newcomen's atmospheric engine was the first commercial true steam engine using a piston, and was used in 1712 for pumping in a mine.


Premise: What does pumping water into the mesoglea do?

Hypothesis: If they enter less dense brackish water, the ciliary rosettes in the body cavity may pump this into the mesoglea to increase its bulk and decrease its density, to avoid sinking.


Premise: How long did Project Apollo run?

Hypothesis: Apollo ran from 1961 to 1972, and was supported by the two-man Gemini program which ran concurrently with it from 1962 to 1966.


Premise: After the Rhine emerges from Lake Constance, what direction does it flow?

Hypothesis: The Rhine roughly forms the German-Swiss border from Lake Constance with the exceptions of the canton of Schaffhausen and parts of the cantons of Zürich and Basel-Stadt, until it turns north at the so-called Rhine knee at Basel, leaving Switzerland.


Premise: What fixed set of factors determine the actions of a deterministic Turing machine

Hypothesis: A non-deterministic Turing machine is a deterministic Turing machine with an added feature of non-determinism, which allows a Turing machine to have multiple possible future actions from a given state.


Premise: In what episode did Doctor Who acknowledge having had a brother?

Hypothesis: In "Smith and Jones" (2007), when asked if he had a brother, he replied, "No, not any more."


Premise: From whom did Genghis Khan learn seige warfare?

Hypothesis: He seemed to be a quick student, adopting new technologies and ideas that he encountered, such as siege warfare from the Chinese.


Premise: What are two examples of different types of reduction?

Hypothesis: Many complexity classes are defined using the concept of a reduction.


Premise: What is the area called where one plate subducts under another?

Hypothesis: Arcs of volcanoes and earthquakes were explained as convergent boundaries, where one plate subducts under another.


Premise: Having existing utility lines marked lessens the likelihood of what?

Hypothesis: This lessens the likelihood of damage to the existing electrical, water, sewage, phone, and cable facilities, which could cause outages and potentially hazardous situations.


Premise: What are cancerous tumors of the skin known as?

Hypothesis: The antigens expressed by tumors have several sources; some are derived from oncogenic viruses like human papillomavirus, which causes cervical cancer, while others are the organism's own proteins that occur at low levels in normal cells but reach high levels in tumor cells.


Premise: How far did the sea level drop in the ice ages?

Hypothesis: During interglacials, when sea level rose to approximately the present level, the Rhine built deltas, in what is now the Netherlands.


Premise: When was 7 Lincoln Square completed?

Hypothesis: The company first constructed a new 10-story building on land previously occupied by an abandoned warehouse on the corner of Columbus Avenue and West 66th Street; the facility that was built in its place is nicknamed "7 Lincoln Square" (although it is actually located at 149 Columbus Avenue).


Premise: Who did George Westinghouse beat out to light the World's Columbian Exposition?

Hypothesis: This World's Fair devoted a building to electrical exhibits.


Premise: What do a plant's chloroplasts descend from?

Hypothesis: All chloroplasts in a plant are descended from undifferentiated proplastids found in the zygote, or fertilized egg.


Premise: Why has the corruption not be in the public view?

Hypothesis: Because the operations of the armed forces have been traditionally cloaked by the ubiquitous blanket of “state security”, the corruption has been less in public view, and thus less subject to public scrutiny and notoriety.


Premise: What type of steam engines produced most power up to the early 20th century?

Hypothesis: Reciprocating piston type steam engines remained the dominant source of power until the early 20th century, when advances in the design of electric motors and internal combustion engines gradually resulted in the replacement of reciprocating (piston) steam engines in commercial usage, and the ascendancy of steam turbines in power generation.


Premise: ______ In both liquid and gas form can fastly result in an exlposion.

Hypothesis: The fire that killed the Apollo 1 crew in a launch pad test spread so rapidly because the capsule was pressurized with pure O_2 but at slightly more than atmospheric pressure, instead of the 1⁄3 normal pressure that would be used in a mission.[k]


Premise: What year did Tesla avade the draft?

Hypothesis: In 1874, Tesla evaded being drafted into the Austro-Hungarian Army in Smiljan by running away to Tomingaj, near Gračac.


Premise: To whom did Toghrul refuse to give his daughter in marriage, angering Temüjin?

Hypothesis: Toghrul allied himself with Jamukha, who already opposed Temüjin's forces; however, the internal dispute between Toghrul and Jamukha, plus the desertion of a number of their allies to Temüjin, led to Toghrul's defeat.


Premise: Where did he work on the oscillators?

Hypothesis: As the speed grew, it is said that the machine oscillated at the resonance frequency of his own building and, belatedly realizing the danger, he was forced to use a sledge hammer to terminate the experiment, just as the police arrived.:162–164


Premise: What company did Worldvision sell a portion of it's catalogue to in 1990?

Hypothesis: However, between the publication and implementation of these regulations, the separation of the network's catalog was made in 1973.


Premise: Why should one not go to jail?

Hypothesis: To accept jail penitently as an accession to 'the rules' is to switch suddenly to a spirit of subservience, to demean the seriousness of the protest...


Premise: What is the process of vaccination also known as?

Hypothesis: The principle behind vaccination (also called immunization) is to introduce an antigen from a pathogen in order to stimulate the immune system and develop specific immunity against that particular pathogen without causing disease associated with that organism.


Premise: The rocks at the Grand Canyon have been in place since when?

Hypothesis: The sedimentary sequences of the mid-continental United States and the Grand Canyon in the southwestern United States contain almost-undeformed stacks of sedimentary rocks that have remained in place since Cambrian time.


Premise: What UN organizations established the IPCC?

Hypothesis: The IPCC produces reports that support the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), which is the main international treaty on climate change.


Premise: When did Michael Eisner first join ABC?

Hypothesis: Eisner left ABC in 1976 to become president of Paramount Pictures (and would later become the President of ABC's eventual parent company, Disney).


Premise: What type of surnames is their a strong presence of?

Hypothesis: There are also estimated to be between 500 and 2,000 Bolivians in Newcastle, forming up to 1% of the population—the largest such percentage of any UK city.


Premise: What is a statocyst?

Hypothesis: Instead its response is determined by the animal's "mood", in other words the overall state of the nervous system.


Premise: How many protestants live in France today?

Hypothesis: Most are concentrated in Alsace in northeast France and the Cévennes mountain region in the south, who still regard themselves as Huguenots to this day.[citation needed]


Premise: What colors was the 2001 ABC logo?

Hypothesis: The network hired the Troika Design Group to design and produce its 2001–02 identity, which continued using the black-and-yellow coloring of the logo and featured dots and stripes in various promotional and identification spots.


Premise: What political leaning does the Cato Institute have?

Hypothesis: Will Wilkinson of the libertarian Cato Institute states that "the weight of the evidence shows that the run-up in consumption inequality has been considerably less dramatic than the rise in income inequality," and consumption is more important than income.


Premise: What year was Temüjin, who became Genghis Khan, likely born?

Hypothesis: Temüjin was probably born in 1162 in Delüün Boldog, near Burkhan Khaldun mountain and the Onon and Kherlen rivers in modern-day northern Mongolia, not far from the current capital Ulaanbaatar.


Premise: Where were ABC's international networks mainly situated in the 1970s?

Hypothesis: As a result, ABC was forced to sell all of its interests in international networks, mainly in Japan and Latin America, in the 1970s.


Premise: What was the name of the approved measure that helped cover the cost of major city projects?

Hypothesis: This would generate most of the revenue required for the $2.25 billion package of major projects that included road & infrastructure improvements, environmental preservation, targeted economic development and new or improved public facilities.


Premise: What is the weakest main interaction?

Hypothesis: strong, electromagnetic, weak, and gravitational.:2–10:79 High-energy particle physics observations made during the 1970s and 1980s confirmed that the weak and electromagnetic forces are expressions of a more fundamental electroweak interaction.


Premise: What type of climate does Jacksonville have?

Hypothesis: Like much of the south Atlantic region of the United States, Jacksonville has a humid subtropical climate (Köppen Cfa), with mild weather during winters and hot and humid weather during summers.


Premise: In an atmospheric engine, what does air pressure push against?

Hypothesis: The engine cylinders had to be large because the only usable force acting on them was due to atmospheric pressure.


Premise: Why has the Muslim Brotherhood facilitated inexpensive mass marriage ceremonies?

Hypothesis: Islamist movements such as the Muslim Brotherhood, "are well known for providing shelters, educational assistance, free or low cost medical clinics, housing assistance to students from out of town, student advisory groups, facilitation of inexpensive mass marriage ceremonies to avoid prohibitively costly dowry demands, legal assistance, sports facilities, and women's groups.


Premise: Besides Africa, where did Germany have imperial interests?

Hypothesis: Bismarck was aware that public opinion had started to demand colonies for reasons of German prestige.


Premise: Which two courts apply European Union law?

Hypothesis: Supplementary sources of European Union law include case law by the Court of Justice, international law and general principles of European Union law.


Premise: What type of materials inside the cabin were removed to help prevent more fire hazards in the future?

Hypothesis: Crew members would also exclusively wear modified, fire-resistant Block II space suits, and would be designated by the Block II titles, regardless of whether a LM was present on the flight or not.


Premise: What is an example of a steam-powered automobile?

Hypothesis: There have at one time or another been steam-powered farm tractors, motorcycles (without much success) and even automobiles as the Stanley Steamer.


Premise: What park is close to John Lennon street?

Hypothesis: Besides, within the city borders, there are also: Pole Mokotowskie (a big park in the northern Mokotów, where was the first horse racetrack and then the airport), Park Ujazdowski (close to the Sejm and John Lennon street), Park of Culture and Rest in Powsin, by the southern city border, Park Skaryszewski by the right Vistula bank, in Praga.


Premise: What else was used by pharmas?

Hypothesis: The pharmas also used many other herbs not listed.


Premise: Which famous French artist who painted the Grande Odalisque of 1814 is represented in the drawings collection of the V&A?

Hypothesis: Modern British artists represented in the collection include: Paul Nash, Percy Wyndham Lewis, Eric Gill, Stanley Spencer, John Piper, Graham Sutherland, Lucian Freud and David Hockney.


Premise: Why aren't some forms of Hæmatococcus pluvialis green?

Hypothesis: Most green chloroplasts are (obviously) green, though some aren't, like some forms of Hæmatococcus pluvialis, due to accessory pigments that override the chlorophylls' green colors.


Premise: In a type III secretion system, proteins are transported to the host cell in order to do what?

Hypothesis: These proteins are often used to shut down host defenses.


Premise: What is the start of the salary year?

Hypothesis: For the salary year beginning April 2008, unpromoted teachers in Scotland earned from £20,427 for a Probationer, up to £32,583 after 6 years teaching, but could then go on to earn up to £39,942 as they complete the modules to earn Chartered Teacher Status (requiring at least 6 years at up to two modules per year.)


Premise: What is a common practice in official corporal punishment?

Hypothesis: For details of individual countries see School corporal punishment.


Premise: What park covers an area of 76 ha.?

Hypothesis: The Łazienki Park covers the area of 76 ha.


Premise: Besides the V&A's, whose collections are under the responsibility of conservators at the V&A?

Hypothesis: It is usually undertaken on items that are to go on public display.


Premise: How many courses must undergraduates maintain for full time status?

Hypothesis: In many concentrations, students can elect to pursue a basic program or an honors-eligible program requiring a senior thesis and/or advanced course work.


Premise: What did the increase in skilled workers lead to?

Hypothesis: During the mass high school education movement from 1910–1940, there was an increase in skilled workers, which led to a decrease in the price of skilled labor.


Premise: What is the Rankine cycle sometimes called?

Hypothesis: The Rankine cycle is sometimes referred to as a practical Carnot cycle because, when an efficient turbine is used, the TS diagram begins to resemble the Carnot cycle.


Premise: Whose role is to design the works, prepare the specifications and produce construction drawings, administer the contract, tender the works, and manage the works from inception to completion

Hypothesis: His or her role is to design the works, prepare the specifications and produce construction drawings, administer the contract, tender the works, and manage the works from inception to completion.


Premise: Which state has the largest number of members?

Hypothesis: Texas has the largest number of members, with about 1 million.


Premise: What were British plans against French?

Hypothesis: Word of the British military plans leaked to France well before Braddock's departure for North America.


Premise: Who discovered this and where did they come from?

Hypothesis: In the region of the Xingu tribe, remains of some of these large settlements in the middle of the Amazon forest were found in 2003 by Michael Heckenberger and colleagues of the University of Florida.


Premise: What do photocytes produce?

Hypothesis: The nearer side is composed of tall nutritive cells that store nutrients in vacuoles (internal compartments), germ cells that produce eggs or sperm, and photocytes that produce bioluminescence.


Premise: When did Zhenjin die?

Hypothesis: Kublai originally named his eldest son, Zhenjin, as the Crown Prince, but he died before Kublai in 1285.


Premise: In 2013, ABC's identity was revamped by what design agency?

Hypothesis: A new custom typeface, "ABC Modern" (which was inspired by the logotype), was also created for use in advertising and other promotional materials.


Premise: Who applies expertise to relate the work and materials involved to a proper valuation?

Hypothesis: Cost engineers and estimators apply expertise to relate the work and materials involved to a proper valuation.


Premise: Who designed ABC's 1998 new graphic design?

Hypothesis: A new four-note theme tune was introduced alongside the package, based around the network's "We Love TV" image campaign introduced that year, creating an audio signature on par with the NBC chimes, CBS' various three-note soundmarks (including the current version used since 2000) and the Fox Fanfare.


Premise: What inventor built on to the findings of Philo of  Byzantium?

Hypothesis: Many centuries later Leonardo da Vinci built on Philo's work by observing that a portion of air is consumed during combustion and respiration.


Premise: What was extent of Celeron's expedition?

Hypothesis: The expedition covered about 3,000 miles (4,800 km) between June and November 1749.


Premise: When did the so called gentlemen's agreement between Sadat and the Islamists break down?

Hypothesis: His "encouraging of the emergence of the Islamist movement" was said to have been "imitated by many other Muslim leaders in the years that followed."


Premise: What is another term for Tesla's visualization ability?

Hypothesis: Often, the visions were linked to a word or idea he might have come across; at other times they would provide the solution to a particular problem he had encountered.


Premise: Who did Denver beat in the 2015 AFC Championship game?

Hypothesis: They defeated the Arizona Cardinals 49–15 in the NFC Championship Game and advanced to their second Super Bowl appearance since the franchise was founded in 1995.


Premise: How did Genghis Khan observed the surrender terms after Samarkand fell?

Hypothesis: After several days only a few remaining soldiers, loyal supporters of the Shah, held out in the citadel.


Premise: Within the 30 days how many digiboxes had been sold?

Hypothesis: BSkyB's digital service was officially launched on 1 October 1998 under the name Sky Digital, although small-scale tests were carried out before then.


Premise: Who is the current Governor of Victoria?

Hypothesis: The personal representative of the Queen of Australia in the state is the Governor of Victoria, currently Linda Dessau.


Premise: How many people work for Kunskapsskolan schools?

Hypothesis: Sweden is internationally known for this innovative school voucher model that provides Swedish pupils with the opportunity to choose the school they prefer.


Premise: In June 1884, where did Tesla relocate?

Hypothesis: In 1882, Tesla began working for the Continental Edison Company in France, designing and making improvements to electrical equipment.


Premise: What kind of problems are one of the main topics studied in computational complexity theory?

Hypothesis: A decision problem can be viewed as a formal language, where the members of the language are instances whose output is yes, and the non-members are those instances whose output is no.


Premise: What yard marker on the field was painted gold?

Hypothesis: Various gold-themed promotions and initiatives were held throughout the 2015 NFL season to tie into the "Golden Super Bowl"; gold-tinted logos were implemented across the NFL's properties and painted on fields, the numbering of the 50-yard line on fields was colored gold, and beginning on week 7, all sideline jackets and hats featured gold-trimmed logos.


Premise: Approximately how many architectural drawings does the V&A hold in its collection?

Hypothesis: With over 600,000 drawings, over 750,000 papers and paraphernalia, and over 700,000 photographs from around the world, together they form the world's most comprehensive architectural resource.


Premise: When was there a armed protest at Ballarat about mining taxes?

Hypothesis: This was crushed by British troops, but the discontents prompted colonial authorities to reform the administration (particularly reducing the hated mining licence fees) and extend the franchise.


Premise: Which MVP honoree died in 2001?

Hypothesis: No plans were announced regarding the recognition of Harvey Martin, co-MVP of Super Bowl XII, who died in 2001.


Premise: Whose English translation of the Bible did the Luther Bible influence?

Hypothesis: Published at a time of rising demand for German-language publications, Luther's version quickly became a popular and influential Bible translation.


Premise: What country does the Moselle take the Rhine to?

Hypothesis: Northeastern France drains to the Rhine via the Moselle; smaller rivers drain the Vosges and Jura Mountains uplands.


Premise: What method was used to clear forest for crop cultivation in the amazon forest?

Hypothesis: The soils in the Amazon are productive for just a short period of time, so farmers are constantly moving to new areas and clearing more land.


Premise: What are the molecular outputs for photosynthesis?

Hypothesis: Water (H2O) and carbon dioxide (CO2) are used in photosynthesis, and sugar and oxygen (O2) is made, using light energy.


Premise: Who is the Costa Rican President that went to Harvard?

Hypothesis: Politics: U.N. Secretary General Ban Ki-moon; American political leaders John Hancock, John Adams, John Quincy Adams, Rutherford B. Hayes, Theodore Roosevelt, Franklin D. Roosevelt, John F. Kennedy, Al Gore, George W. Bush and Barack Obama; Chilean President Sebastián Piñera; Colombian President Juan Manuel Santos; Costa Rican President José María Figueres; Mexican Presidents Felipe Calderón, Carlos Salinas de Gortari and Miguel de la Madrid; Mongolian President Tsakhiagiin Elbegdorj; Peruvian President Alejandro Toledo; Taiwanese President Ma Ying-jeou; Canadian Governor General David Lloyd Johnston; Indian Member of Parliament Jayant Sinha; Albanian Prime Minister Fan S. Noli; Canadian Prime Ministers Mackenzie King and Pierre Trudeau; Greek Prime Minister Antonis Samaras; Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu; former Pakistani Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto; U. S. Secretary of Housing and Urban Development Shaun Donovan; Canadian political leader Michael Ignatieff; Pakistani Members of Provincial Assembly Murtaza Bhutto and Sanam Bhutto; Bangladesh Minister of Finance Abul Maal Abdul Muhith; President of Puntland


Premise: What was a major success, especially in rebuilding Warsaw?

Hypothesis: However, over the past decade Warsaw has seen many improvements due to solid economic growth, an increase in foreign investment as well as funding from the European Union.


Premise: Where in Las Vegas did a famous protest take place?

Hypothesis: They were put on a bus and taken to the Nye County seat of Tonopah, Nevada, and arraigned for trial before the local Justice of the Peace, that afternoon.


Premise: How much did Edison offer Tesla to redesign a motor and generators?

Hypothesis: According to Tesla, Edison remarked, "There's fifty thousand dollars in it for you—if you can do it.":54–57 :


Premise: Who was made rich and prosperous prior to World War 1

Hypothesis: Because of the resources made available by imperialism, the world's economy grew significantly and became much more interconnected in the decades before World War I, making the many imperial powers rich and prosperous.


Premise: Who was brought it to work on the museum after the death of Captain Francis Fowke?

Hypothesis: With the death of Captain Francis Fowke, Royal Engineers the next architect to work at the museum was Colonel (later Major General)


Premise: What scientist told the French Academy of Sciences that he had found how to liquefy oxygen?

Hypothesis: Using a cascade method, Swiss chemist and physicist Raoul Pierre Pictet evaporated liquid sulfur dioxide in order to liquefy carbon dioxide, which in turn was evaporated to cool oxygen gas enough to liquefy it.


Premise: How high in altitude in feet could the vacuum chambers simulate?

Hypothesis: The Apollo spacecraft could be tested in two vacuum chambers capable of simulating atmospheric pressure at altitudes up to 250,000 feet (76 km), which is nearly a vacuum.


Premise: What company reached a deal to also stream its ABC affiliates?

Hypothesis: Similar to sister network ESPN's WatchESPN service (which originated the "WATCH" brand used by the streaming services of Disney's television networks), live streams of ABC stations are only available to authenticated subscribers of participating pay television providers in certain markets.


Premise: How much time was left in the quarter when Stewart got the touchdown?

Hypothesis: Newton completed 4 of 4 passes for 51 yards and rushed twice for 25 yards, while Jonathan Stewart finished the drive with a 1-yard touchdown run, cutting the score to 10–7 with 11:28 left in the second quarter.


Premise: How much is China's investment in Kenya?

Hypothesis: Published comments on Kenya's Capital FM website by Liu Guangyuan, China's ambassador to Kenya, at the time of President Kenyatta's 2013 trip to Beijing, said, "Chinese investment in Kenya ... reached $474 million, representing Kenya's largest source of foreign direct investment, and ... bilateral trade ... reached $2.84 billion" in 2012.


Premise: Super Bowl 50 determined the NFL champion for what season?

Hypothesis: Super Bowl 50 was an American football game to determine the champion of the National Football League (NFL) for the 2015 season.


Premise: William would eventually gain what throne?

Hypothesis: Stadtholder William III of Orange, who later became King of England, emerged as the strongest opponent of king Louis XIV after the French attacked the Dutch Republic in 1672.


Premise: Where did Luther become angry at the widespread destruction of church property?

Hypothesis: During a tour of Thuringia, he became enraged at the widespread burning of convents, monasteries, bishops' palaces, and libraries.


Premise: What was the capital of the Mongol Empire?

Hypothesis: Muqali, a trusted lieutenant, was given command of the Mongol forces against the Jin dynasty while Genghis Khan was fighting in Central Asia, and Subutai and Jebe were allowed to pursue the Great Raid into the Caucasus and Kievan Rus', an idea they had presented to the Khagan on their own initiative.


Premise: What were European countries doing during the 1700's?

Hypothesis: Although imperialist practices have existed for thousands of years, the term "Age of Imperialism" generally refers to the activities of European powers from the early 18th century through to the middle of the 20th century, for example, the "The Great Game" in Persian lands, the "Scramble for Africa" and the "Open Door Policy" in China.


Premise: What did Tesla's design not need?

Hypothesis: One of the things Tesla developed at that laboratory in 1887 was an induction motor that ran on alternating current, a power system format that was starting to be built in Europe and the United States because of its advantages in long-distance, high-voltage transmission.


Premise: What was the passer rating for Peyton Manning that he finished out with for the season?

Hypothesis: Overall, the offense ranked 19th in scoring with 355 points and did not have any Pro Bowl selections.


Premise: What is a derogatory term for the Christian academies that arose in the wake of school desegregation?

Hypothesis: In many parts of the United States, after the 1954 decision in the landmark court case Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka that demanded United States schools desegregate "with all deliberate speed", local families organized a wave of private "Christian academies".


Premise: When was the Last Glacial Maximum?

Hypothesis: Such was the case during the Last Glacial Maximum, ca.


Premise: Who were later Yuan emperors isolated from?

Hypothesis: Uninterested in administration, they were separated from both the army and the populace, and China was torn by dissension and unrest.


Premise: How can the deposition of compliment kill invader cells directly?

Hypothesis: This deposition of complement can also kill cells directly by disrupting their plasma membrane.


Premise: How large are Plastoglobuli?

Hypothesis: Plastoglobuli (singular plastoglobulus, sometimes spelled plastoglobule(s)), are spherical bubbles of lipids and proteins about 45–60 nanometers across.


Premise: When did Tesla go to Karlovac?

Hypothesis: Tesla was able to perform integral calculus in his head, which prompted his teachers to believe that he was cheating.


Premise: What work of Luther's is seen as a clear religious teaching?

Hypothesis: The Small Catechism has earned a reputation as a model of clear religious teaching.


Premise: What story has little foundation in truth?

Hypothesis: According to scholars Walter Krämer, Götz Trenkler, Gerhard Ritter, and Gerhard Prause, the story of the posting on the door, even though it has settled as one of the pillars of history, has little foundation in truth.


Premise: What hypothesis is associated with the complexity class of P viewed as a mathematical abstraction with efficient algorithmic functionality?

Hypothesis: This hypothesis is called the Cobham–Edmonds thesis.


Premise: What was the percentage of whit people in Fresno in 2010?

Hypothesis: The 2010 United States Census reported that Fresno had a population of 494,665.


Premise: What is the immune system of the brained known as?

Hypothesis: In humans, the blood–brain barrier, blood–cerebrospinal fluid barrier, and similar fluid–brain barriers separate the peripheral immune system from the neuroimmune system which protects the brain.


Premise: What is an apicoplast?

Hypothesis: Many apicomplexans keep a vestigial red algal derived chloroplast called an apicoplast, which they inherited from their ancestors.


Premise: What is the total number of professors, instructors, and lecturers at Harvard?

Hypothesis: Harvard's 2,400 professors, lecturers, and instructors instruct 7,200 undergraduates and 14,000 graduate students.


Premise: At what point in Luther's sermons did Schurf write to the elector?

Hypothesis: His words, through divine mercy, are bringing back every day misguided people into the way of the truth."


Premise: In what year did the FCC publish it's report?

Hypothesis: At that time, the NBC Red Network was the principal radio network in the United States and, according to the FCC, RCA was using NBC Blue to eliminate any hint of competition.


Premise: What radio network carried the Super Bowl?

Hypothesis: Westwood One will carry the game throughout North America, with Kevin Harlan as play-by-play announcer, Boomer Esiason and Dan Fouts as color analysts, and James Lofton and Mark Malone as sideline reporters.


Premise: Who besides Woodrow Wilson himself had the idea for the inquiry?

Hypothesis: As a result of his role in the inquiry, Isiah Bowman would come to be known as Wilson's geographer.


Premise: How much of the IPCC attendees are government representatives?

Hypothesis: Plenary sessions of the IPCC and IPCC Working groups are held at the level of government representatives.


Premise: What did the particle do to Tesla?

Hypothesis: On 11 July 1934, the New York Herald Tribune published an article on Tesla, in which he recalled an event that would occasionally take place while experimenting with his single-electrode vacuum tubes; a minute particle would break off the cathode, pass out of the tube, and physically strike him. "


Premise: How large are Chloroplast ribosomes?

Hypothesis: Chloroplasts have their own ribosomes, which they use to synthesize a small fraction of their proteins.


Premise: What time do they normally have tea?

Hypothesis: Kenyans generally have three meals in a day – breakfast in the morning (kiamsha kinywa), lunch in the afternoon (chakula cha mchana) and supper in the evening (chakula cha jioni or known simply as "chajio").


Premise: What animation company worked on some of The Reign of Terror episodes?

Hypothesis: The missing episodes of The Reign of Terror were animated by animation company Theta-Sigma, in collaboration with Big Finish, and became available for purchase in May 2013 through Amazon.com.


Premise: What reason is given that you should also protest public companies?

Hypothesis: The same principle, she argues, applies to breaches of law in protest against international organizations and foreign governments.


Premise: Other than the 1980s, in which decade did most of San Bernardino and Riverside Counties develop?

Hypothesis: While many commute to L.A. and Orange Counties, there are some differences in development, as most of San Bernardino and Riverside Counties (the non-desert portions) were developed in the 1980s and 1990s.


Premise: What year did Genghis Khan die?

Hypothesis: Before Genghis Khan died, he assigned Ögedei Khan as his successor and split his empire into khanates among his sons and grandsons.


Premise: Who initially took over as president of Capital Cities/ABC after Daniel Burke left?

Hypothesis: Daniel Burke departed from Capital Cities/ABC in February 1994, with Thomas Murphy taking over as president before ceding control to Robert Iger.


Premise: What is the AFC short for?

Hypothesis: As this was the 50th Super Bowl, the league emphasized the "golden anniversary" with various gold-themed initiatives, as well as temporarily suspending the tradition of naming each Super Bowl game with Roman numerals (under which the game would have been known as "Super Bowl L"), so that the logo could prominently feature the Arabic numerals 50.


Premise: When did the FCC freeze incoming applications for new stations?

Hypothesis: On May 7, 1949, Billboard revealed that ABC had proposed an investment of $6.25 million, of which it would spend $2.5 million to convert 20 acres (80,937 m2) of land in Hollywood into what would become The Prospect Studios, and construct a transmitter on Mount Wilson, in anticipation of the launch of KECA-TV, which was scheduled to begin operations on August 1 (but would not actually sign on until September 16).


Premise: Where does the gold in the parliamentary mace come from?

Hypothesis: In front of the Presiding Officers' desk is the parliamentary mace, which is made from silver and inlaid with gold panned from Scottish rivers and inscribed with the words: Wisdom, Compassion, Justice and Integrity.


Premise: How many metropolitan areas does Southern California's population encompass?

Hypothesis: Southern California includes the heavily built-up urban area stretching along the Pacific coast from Ventura, through the Greater Los Angeles Area and the Inland Empire, and down to Greater San Diego.


Premise: Where was a beer, wine and food festival held at prior to the Super Bowl?

Hypothesis: A professional fundraiser will aid in finding business sponsors and individual donors, but still may need the city council to help fund the event.


Premise: How much food does a ctenophora eat in a day?

Hypothesis: These variations enable different species to build huge populations in the same area, because they specialize in different types of prey, which they capture by as wide a range of methods as spiders use.


Premise: What bridge had a model of it at the Super Bowl Opening Night?

Hypothesis: Alongside the traditional media availabilities, the event featured an opening ceremony with player introductions on a replica of the Golden Gate Bridge.


Premise: What book did Luther translate into German at this time?

Hypothesis: During his stay at Wartburg, which he referred to as "my Patmos", Luther translated the New Testament from Greek into German and poured out doctrinal and polemical writings.


Premise: What is th elast name of the player who was the Super Bowl 50 winner's leading rusher?

Hypothesis: Anderson was the game's leading rusher with 90 yards and a touchdown, along with four receptions for 10 yards.


Premise: Where does the Rhine river's measurement begin?

Hypothesis: The river length is significantly shortened from the river's natural course due to number of canalisation projects completed in the 19th and 20th century.[note 7] The "total length of the Rhine", to the inclusion of Lake Constance and the Alpine Rhine is more difficult to measure objectively; it was cited as 1,232 kilometres (766 miles) by the Dutch Rijkswaterstaat in 2010.[note 1]


Premise: What must the integer m be less than or equal to when performing trial division?

Hypothesis: This routine can be implemented more efficiently if a complete list of primes up to  is known—then trial divisions need to be checked only for those m that are prime.


Premise: What color jersey has Denver 0-4?

Hypothesis: They also lost Super Bowl XXI when they wore white jerseys, but they are 0-4 in Super Bowls when wearing orange jerseys, losing in Super Bowl XII, XXII, XXIV, and XLVIII.


Premise: What is the name of the organization in charge of running the clubs at the university?

Hypothesis: Students at the University of Chicago run over 400 clubs and organizations known as Recognized Student Organizations (RSOs).


Premise: What other moniker was Genghis Khan's general Jebe known by?

Hypothesis: Kuchlug, the deposed Khan of the Naiman confederation that Temüjin defeated and folded into his Mongol Empire, fled west and usurped the khanate of Qara Khitai (also known as the Western Liao, as it was originally established as remnants of the Liao dynasty).


Premise: What was the building vacated twice to allow for?

Hypothesis: This building was vacated twice to allow for the meeting of the Church's General Assembly.


Premise: Who were otachi?

Hypothesis: Healers were divided into non-Mongol physicians called otachi and traditional Mongol shamans.


Premise: What do some believe about this pronunciation?

Hypothesis: Others say that this was—on the contrary—a very precise notation of a correct African pronunciation /ˈkɛnjə/.


Premise: Where are some physicians permitted to prescribe and give out medications within their practices?

Hypothesis: In some rural areas in the United Kingdom, there are dispensing physicians who are allowed to both prescribe and dispense prescription-only medicines to their patients from within their practices.


Premise: When was Apollo 6, or AS-502, tested?

Hypothesis: This was followed on April 4, 1968, by Apollo 6 (AS-502) which carried a CSM and a LM Test Article as ballast.


Premise: How much did enrollment increase?

Hypothesis: Secondary and tertiary education enrolment has not increased proportionally because payment is still required for attendance.


Premise: Why do carotenoids make leaves change color in the fall?

Hypothesis: β-carotene is a bright red-orange carotenoid found in nearly all chloroplasts, like chlorophyll a. Xanthophylls, especially the orange-red zeaxanthin, are also common.


Premise: What is the immune system of the brained known as?

Hypothesis: The immune system is a system of many biological structures and processes within an organism that protects against disease.


Premise: Which gallery was redesigned in the 1990s and later improved in 2002?

Hypothesis: A few galleries were redesigned in the 1990s including the Indian, Japanese, Chinese, iron work, the main glass galleries and the main silverware gallery which was further enhanced in 2002 when some of the Victorian decoration was recreated.


Premise: What is the largest item from Italy that is part of the sculpture collection?

Hypothesis: It includes Canova's The Three Graces, which the museum jointly owns with National Galleries of Scotland.


Premise: Which rail line operates in Melbourne?

Hypothesis: Rail transport in Victoria is provided by several private and public railway operators who operate over government-owned lines.


Premise: What museum preserves the memory of the crime?

Hypothesis: Dating back to 1936 Warsaw Historical Museum contains 60 rooms which host a permanent exhibition of the history of Warsaw from its origins until today.


Premise: The teacher's in a platoon style teaching are usually more _____?

Hypothesis: The advantage here is that students learn from teachers who specialize in one subject and who tend to be more knowledgeable in that one area than a teacher who teaches many subjects.


Premise: What was the final score of the game between the Panthers and the Seahawks?

Hypothesis: The Panthers beat the Seattle Seahawks in the divisional round, running up a 31–0 halftime lead and then holding off a furious second half comeback attempt to win 31–24, avenging their elimination from a year earlier.


Premise: In which year did a toxic waste spill from a European ship prompt the Commission to look into legislation against waste?

Hypothesis: In 2006, a toxic waste spill off the coast of Côte d'Ivoire, from a European ship, prompted the Commission to look into legislation against toxic waste.


Premise: What could inverted repeats help do?

Hypothesis: Similar inverted repeats exist in the genomes of cyanobacteria and the other two chloroplast lineages (glaucophyta and rhodophyceæ), suggesting that they predate the chloroplast, though some chloroplast DNAs have since lost or flipped the inverted repeats (making them direct repeats).


Premise: What art historical style was used in the decoration for the northern part of the museum?

Hypothesis: The last work by Fowke was the design for the range of buildings on the north and west sides of the garden, this includes the refreshment rooms, reinstated as the Museum Café in 2006, with the silver gallery above, (at the time the ceramics gallery), the top floor has a splendid lecture theatre although this is seldom open to the general public.


Premise: What is the largest general further education college in the North East?

Hypothesis: Newcastle School for Boys is the only independent boys' only school in the city and is situated in Gosforth.


Premise: What does Piketty feel was the biggest factors in reducing inequality between 1914 to 1945?

Hypothesis: Moreover, Piketty argues that the "magical" Kuznets curve hypothesis, with its emphasis on the balancing of economic growth in the long run, cannot account for the significant increase in economic inequality throughout the developed world since the 1970s.


Premise: How many kgs of moon rocks did the program bring back?

Hypothesis: It stands alone in sending manned missions beyond low Earth orbit.


Premise: Who did Jamukha support that were not part of Temüjin's power base?

Hypothesis: Due to his earlier defeat of the Merkits, and a proclamation by the shaman Kokochu that the Eternal Blue Sky had set aside the world for Temüjin, Temüjin began rising to power.


Premise: According to the wealth concentration theory, what advantage do the wealthy have in accumulating new wealth?

Hypothesis: According to this theory, those who already hold wealth have the means to invest in new sources of creating wealth or to otherwise leverage the accumulation of wealth, thus are the beneficiaries of the new wealth.


Premise: What does the utilitarian principle seek for the greatest number of people?

Hypothesis: Following the utilitarian principle of seeking the greatest good for the greatest number – economic inequality is problematic.


Premise: How much of GDP does manufactoriing account for?

Hypothesis: Although Kenya is the most industrially developed country in the African Great Lakes region, manufacturing still accounts for only 14% of the GDP.


Premise: Why did Tesla go to Karlovac?

Hypothesis: Tesla was able to perform integral calculus in his head, which prompted his teachers to believe that he was cheating.


Premise: What do chloroplasts do like mitochondria?

Hypothesis: Like mitochondria, chloroplasts use the potential energy stored in an H+, or hydrogen ion gradient to generate ATP energy.


Premise: What was the date of Tesla's death?

Hypothesis: His body was later found by maid Alice Monaghan after she had entered Tesla's room, ignoring the "do not disturb" sign that Tesla had placed on his door two days earlier.


Premise: What new name was given to the media day?

Hypothesis: The game's media day, which was typically held on the Tuesday afternoon prior to the game, was moved to the Monday evening and re-branded as Super Bowl Opening Night.


Premise: Where does heat rejection occur in the Rankine cycle?

Hypothesis: The main difference is that heat addition (in the boiler) and rejection (in the condenser) are isobaric (constant pressure) processes in the Rankine cycle and isothermal (constant temperature) processes in the theoretical Carnot cycle.


Premise: What date were the top two stadium choices for Super Bowl 50 announced?

Hypothesis: The league announced on October 16, 2012, that the two finalists were Sun Life Stadium and Levi's Stadium.


Premise: When did the launches of boilerplate CSMs occur in orbit?

Hypothesis: This was followed by five launches of boilerplate CSMs (designated AS-101 through AS-105) into orbit in 1964 and 1965.


Premise: What articles state that unless conferred, powers remain with member states?

Hypothesis: TEU articles 4 and 5 state that powers remain with the member states unless they have been conferred, although there is a debate about the Kompetenz-Kompetenz question: who ultimately has the "competence" to define the EU's "competence".


Premise: What region of the Rhine was changed by the Rhine Straightening program?

Hypothesis: The Upper Rhine region was changed significantly by a Rhine straightening program in the 19th Century.


Premise: When was the paper published that the "Millennial Northern Hemisphere temperature reconstruction" graph was based on?

Hypothesis: This graph extended the similar graph in Figure 3.20 from the IPCC Second Assessment Report of 1995, and differed from a schematic in the first assessment report that lacked temperature units, but appeared to depict larger global temperature variations over the past 1000 years, and higher temperatures during the Medieval Warm Period than the mid 20th century.


Premise: Who sees a patient after a nurse can not help anymore?

Hypothesis: Complicated cases are referred to clinical officers, medical officers and medical practitioners.


Premise: In what episode did Dudley Simpson play a music conductor?

Hypothesis: He also made a cameo appearance in The Talons of Weng-Chiang (as a Music hall conductor).


Premise: Other than Point Conception, what landmark is used in the other definition of southern California?

Hypothesis: When the state is divided into two areas (northern and southern California), the term "southern California" usually refers to the ten southern-most counties of the state.


Premise: The point at which different radiometric isotopes stop diffusing into and out of the crystal lattice is called what?

Hypothesis: For many geologic applications, isotope ratios of radioactive elements are measured in minerals that give the amount of time that has passed since a rock passed through its particular closure temperature, the point at which different radiometric isotopes stop diffusing into and out of the crystal lattice.


Premise: What is one issue that adds to the complexity of a pharmacist's job?

Hypothesis: Those pharmacists are often referred to as clinical pharmacists and they often specialize in various disciplines of pharmacy.


Premise: What other role do many pharmacists play?

Hypothesis: Since pharmacists know about the mode of action of a particular drug, and its metabolism and physiological effects on the human body in great detail, they play an important role in optimisation of a drug treatment for an individual.


Premise: Who mapped the St. Johns River in 1562?

Hypothesis: French Huguenot explorer Jean Ribault charted the St. Johns River in 1562 calling it the River of May because he discovered it in May.


Premise: What was Kublai Khan's relation to Ogedei Khan?

Hypothesis: Ögedei offered his nephew Kublai a position in Xingzhou, Hebei.


Premise: What does high levels of inequality do for economic growth in richer countries?

Hypothesis: According to work by Barro in 1999 and 2000, high levels of inequality reduce growth in relatively poor countries but encourage growth in richer countries.


Premise: What typically involves mass production of similar items without a designated purchaser?

Hypothesis: Construction as an industry comprises six to nine percent of the gross domestic product of developed countries.


Premise: What rank for most populous city in the European Union does Warsaw hold?

Hypothesis: Warsaw (Polish: Warszawa [varˈʂava] ( listen); see also other names) is the capital and largest city of Poland.


Premise: What other inventor did he work with?

Hypothesis: Tesla gained experience in telephony and electrical engineering before emigrating to the United States in 1884 to work for Thomas Edison in New York City.


Premise: How long until the Provisional Registration is upgraded, if requirements are met?

Hypothesis: In Scotland, anyone wishing to teach must be registered with the General Teaching Council for Scotland (GTCS).


Premise: What causes Pauli repulsion?

Hypothesis: When their electron clouds overlap, Pauli repulsion (due to fermionic nature of electrons) follows resulting in the force that acts in a direction normal to the surface interface between two objects.:93 The normal force, for example, is responsible for the structural integrity of tables and floors as well as being the force that responds whenever an external force pushes on a solid object.


Premise: How many fumbles did Von Miller force in Super Bowl 50?

Hypothesis: Denver linebacker Von Miller was named Super Bowl MVP, recording five solo tackles, 2½ sacks, and two forced fumbles.


Premise: What 1971 film was shot on location in Newcastle?

Hypothesis: The earliest known movie featuring some exterior scenes filmed in the city is On the Night of the Fire (1939), though by and large the action is studio-bound.


Premise: In what city is the Nikola Tesla Museum?

Hypothesis: Tesla tried to interest the US War Department, the United Kingdom, the Soviet Union, and Yugoslavia in the device.


Premise: How do regimes fight against cultural imperialism?

Hypothesis: Cultural imperialism is when a country's influence is felt in social and cultural circles, i.e. its soft power, such that it changes the moral, cultural and societal worldview of another.


Premise: What do closed rivers serve as after they close?

Hypothesis: Many rivers have been closed ("dammed") and now serve as drainage channels for the numerous polders.


Premise: How many granal thylakoids are usually in each granum?

Hypothesis: The helicoids may extend as large sheets that link multiple grana, or narrow to tube-like bridges between grana.


Premise: What is the lake known as which was created by the rise of the Andes Mountains?

Hypothesis: As the Andes Mountains rose, however, a large basin was created that enclosed a lake; now known as the Solimões Basin.


Premise: What is resposible for speeding up or slowing down an object?

Hypothesis: This yields both the tangential force, which accelerates the object by either slowing it down or speeding it up, and the radial (centripetal) force, which changes its direction.


Premise: When UPT bough ABC, what was the merged company called?

Hypothesis: The merged company, renamed American Broadcasting-Paramount Theatres, Inc. and headquartered in the Paramount Building at 1501 Broadway in Manhattan, owned six AM and several FM radio stations, five television stations and 644 cinemas in 300 U.S. cities.


Premise: What religions did Tugh Temur follow?

Hypothesis: Tugh Temür supported Zhu Xi's Neo-Confucianism and also devoted himself in Buddhism.


Premise: How many projects does the Centre currently realize a year?

Hypothesis: The Centre currently realizes about 500 projects a year.


Premise: When was the term "regeneration" first used?

Hypothesis: The device has allowed for the recasting of the actor various times in the show's history, as well as the depiction of alternative Doctors either from the Doctor's relative past or future.[citation needed]


Premise: Who tackled Mike Tolbert and caused a fumble?

Hypothesis: On Carolina's next possession fullback Mike Tolbert lost a fumble while being tackled by safety Darian Stewart, which linebacker Danny Trevathan recovered on the Broncos 40-yard line.


Premise: Which well-known general abandoned Jamukha's coalition against Temüjin?

Hypothesis: Before the conflict, however, several generals abandoned Jamukha, including Subutai, Jelme's well-known younger brother.


Premise: Who succeeded Thomas Murphy as president in 1990?

Hypothesis: Lasting nine seasons, its success led ABC to greenlight additional sitcom projects helmed by comedians during the 1990s including The Drew Carey Show; Brett Butler vehicle Grace Under Fire; and Ellen, which became notable for a 1997 episode which served as the coming out of series star Ellen DeGeneres (as well as her character in the series) as a lesbian.


Premise: What is the name of one algebraic generalization prime numbers have inspired?

Hypothesis: Prime numbers give rise to various generalizations in other mathematical domains, mainly algebra, such as prime elements and prime ideals.


Premise: Against what does reactive oxygen play in plant defense?

Hypothesis: Reactive oxygen species also play an important role in the hypersensitive response of plants against pathogen attack.


Premise: What was the number of times the Denver Broncos played in a Super Bowl by the time they reached Super Bowl 50?

Hypothesis: The Carolina Panthers became one of only ten teams to have completed a regular season with only one loss, and one of only six teams to have acquired a 15–1 record, while the Denver Broncos became one of four teams to have made eight appearances in the Super Bowl.


Premise: Of what form are Sophie Germain primes?

Hypothesis: Other primes where either p + 1 or p − 1 is of a particular shape include the Sophie Germain primes (primes of the form 2p + 1 with p prime), primorial primes, Fermat primes and Mersenne primes, that is, prime numbers that are of the form 2p − 1, where p is an arbitrary prime.


Premise: What language is spoken in Kenya?

Hypothesis: Kenya's various ethnic groups typically speak their mother tongues within their own communities.


Premise: What did vBNS do

Hypothesis: The Very high-speed Backbone Network Service (vBNS) came on line in April 1995 as part of a National Science Foundation (NSF) sponsored project to provide high-speed interconnection between NSF-sponsored supercomputing centers and select access points in the United States.


Premise: What has a Lama determined to do?

Hypothesis: A Lama who has through phowa and siddhi consciously determined to be reborn, often many times, in order to continue their Bodhisattva vow is called a Tulku.


Premise: When did Denmark join the EU?

Hypothesis: Major amending treaties were signed to complete the development of a single, internal market in the Single European Act 1986, to further the development of a more social Europe in the Treaty of Amsterdam 1997, and to make minor amendments to the relative power of member states in the EU institutions in the Treaty of Nice 2001 and the Treaty of Lisbon 2007.


Premise: What is the name of the French colony established in 1564?

Hypothesis: The area was originally inhabited by the Timucua people, and in 1564 was the site of the French colony of Fort Caroline, one of the earliest European settlements in what is now the continental United States.


Premise: What are Phycobilins?

Hypothesis: Phycobilins are a third group of pigments found in cyanobacteria, and glaucophyte, red algal, and cryptophyte chloroplasts.


Premise: Which membrane was lost in euglenophyte chloroplasts?

Hypothesis: Starch is stored in the form of paramylon, which is contained in membrane-bound granules in the cytoplasm of the euglenophyte.


Premise: What are the most passes that Greg Olsen has had?

Hypothesis: Newton's leading receivers were tight end Greg Olsen, who caught a career-high 77 passes for 1,104 yards and seven touchdowns, and wide receiver Ted Ginn, Jr., who caught 44 passes for 739 yards and 10 touchdowns; Ginn also rushed for 60 yards and returned 27 punts for 277 yards.


Premise: At what point in Luther's sermons did Schurf write to the elector?

Hypothesis: After the sixth sermon, the Wittenberg jurist Jerome Schurf wrote to the elector: "Oh, what joy has Dr. Martin's return spread among us!


Premise: Before which military campaign did Chagatai publicly dispute Jochi's paternity?

Hypothesis: According to traditional historical accounts, the issue over Jochi's paternity was voiced most strongly by Chagatai.


Premise: Of Warsaw's inhabitants in 1901, what percentage was Catholic?

Hypothesis: According to the 1901 census, out of 711,988 inhabitants 56.2% were Catholics, 35.7% Jews, 5% Greek orthodox Christians and 2.8% Protestants.


Premise: What is the primary mission of the Daleks?

Hypothesis: Their chief role in the series plot, as they frequently remark in their instantly recognisable metallic voices, is to "exterminate" all non-Dalek beings.


Premise: What are the principal cash crops in Kenya?

Hypothesis: Horticultural produce and tea are the main growth sectors and the two most valuable of all of Kenya's exports.


Premise: What didn't Newton's mechanics affext?

Hypothesis: Newton's laws and Newtonian mechanics in general were first developed to describe how forces affect idealized point particles rather than three-dimensional objects.


Premise: Red ribbons in the logo were used to represent which division of ABC?

Hypothesis: Red ribbons were used to represent the entertainment division, while blue ribbons were used for ABC News.


Premise: What project did Harvard halt due to the financial crisis?

Hypothesis: Later reports suggest the loss was actually more than double that figure, a reduction of nearly 50% of its endowment in the first four months alone.


Premise: How much does Victoria produce in Australian pears?

Hypothesis: Victorian farms produce nearly 90% of Australian pears and third of apples.


Premise: What is Vision 2030?

Hypothesis: In 2007, the Kenyan government unveiled Vision 2030, an economic development programme it hopes will put the country in the same league as the Asian Economic Tigers by the year 2030.


Premise: What was the cartel of Newcastle burgesses known as?

Hypothesis: He was persuaded to sail a shipment of coal to Newcastle by merchants plotting to ruin him; however his shipment arrived on the Tyne during a strike that had crippled local production; unexpectedly he made a considerable profit.


Premise: How many students were enrolled in public schools in Victoria?

Hypothesis: Just under 540,800 students were enrolled in public schools, and just over 311,800 in private schools.


Premise: What channel shows repeats of the Doctor Who shows?

Hypothesis: The first of these was the "Dalekmania" period (circa 1964–1965), when the popularity of the Daleks regularly brought Doctor Who ratings of between 9 and 14 million, even for stories which did not feature them.


Premise: What is typically used to broadly define complexity measures?

Hypothesis: Although time and space are the most well-known complexity resources, any complexity measure can be viewed as a computational resource.


Premise: What weapons were the Zulus using during the Anglo-Zulu War of 1879?

Hypothesis: By the 1880s, the machine gun had become an effective battlefield weapon.


Premise: What network is Newcastle a member of?

Hypothesis: Newcastle was part of the county of Northumberland until 1400, when it became a county itself, a status it retained until becoming part of Tyne and Wear in 1974.[not in citation given]


Premise: About what year was the atmospheric engine invented?

Hypothesis: Newcomen's engine was relatively inefficient, and in most cases was used for pumping water.


Premise: What did a greedy merchant do to the mermaid?

Hypothesis: A greedy merchant also heard her songs; he followed the fishermen and captured the mermaid.


Premise: What organization predicted that the Amazon forest could survive only three years of drought?

Hypothesis: In 2005, parts of the Amazon basin experienced the worst drought in one hundred years, and there were indications that 2006 could have been a second successive year of drought.


Premise: For which TV season did color first become a dominant format?

Hypothesis: However, ABC's issues with its transition to color became secondary compared to the network's financial problems; in 1964, the network found itself, as Goldenson later wrote in the 1991 book "Beating the Odds: The Untold Story Behind the Rise of ABC", "in the middle of a war [where] the battlefield was Wall Street".


Premise: When did the plague return to Europe?

Hypothesis: The plague repeatedly returned to haunt Europe and the Mediterranean throughout the 14th to 17th centuries.


Premise: Who won the Nobel Prize in 1905?

Hypothesis: Thucydides noted that people who had recovered from a previous bout of the disease could nurse the sick without contracting the illness a second time.


Premise: When were Tesla's patents restored?

Hypothesis: In 1943, a Supreme Court of the United States decision restored the prior patents of Tesla, Oliver Lodge, and John Stone.


Premise: Of what nationality was Martin Luther?

Hypothesis: Luther came to reject several teachings and practices of the Late Medieval Catholic Church.


Premise: In 2009 what was the total of Grants awarded from Harvard?

Hypothesis: In 2009, Harvard offered grants totaling $414 million across all eleven divisions;[further explanation needed] $340 million came from institutional funds, $35 million from federal support, and $39 million from other outside support.


Premise: Who won the battle of Lake George?

Hypothesis: The two forces finally met in the bloody Battle of Lake George between Fort Edward and Fort William Henry.


Premise: What kind of chloroplasts did diatoms have but lost?

Hypothesis: Endosymbiotic gene transfer is how we know about the lost chloroplasts in many chromalveolate lineages.


Premise: Who bought the factory in 2005?

Hypothesis: The license for the production of the Aveo expired in February 2011 and has since not been renewed.


Premise: What is a connection identifier

Hypothesis: The packets include a connection identifier rather than address information and are negotiated between endpoints so that they are delivered in order and with error checking.


Premise: What is another name for the Tabula Rogeriana?

Hypothesis: One of the great geographical treatises of the Middle Ages, the "Tabula Rogeriana", was written by the Andalusian al-Idrisi for king Roger II of Sicily, and entitled "Kitab Rudjdjar" ("The Book of Roger").


Premise: What made Luther even more short tempered than usual?

Hypothesis: His wife Katharina was overheard saying, "Dear husband, you are too rude," and he responded, "They are teaching me to be rude."


Premise: Along with Stephenson and Walschaerts, what is an example of a simple motion?

Hypothesis: This expedient has since been generally considered satisfactory for most purposes and makes possible the use of the simpler Stephenson, Joy and Walschaerts motions.


Premise: The UMC believes that Jesus repudiated the les talionis in what BIble verses?

Hypothesis: The United Methodist Church also believes that Jesus explicitly repudiated the lex talionis in Matthew 5:38-39 and abolished the death penalty in John 8:7.


Premise: When was Martin Luther ordained as a priest?

Hypothesis: He received a bachelor's degree in Biblical studies on 9 March 1508, and another bachelor's degree in the Sentences by Peter Lombard in 1509.


Premise: In cases with shared medium how is it delivered

Hypothesis: In case of a shared physical medium (such as radio or 10BASE5), the packets may be delivered according to a multiple access scheme.


Premise: When was St. John's Cathedral constructed?

Hypothesis: The most interesting examples of mannerist architecture are the Royal Castle (1596–1619) and the Jesuit Church (1609–1626) at Old Town.


Premise: Where is a palm house with subtropic plants from all over the world on display?

Hypothesis: Besides, within the city borders, there are also: Pole Mokotowskie (a big park in the northern Mokotów, where was the first horse racetrack and then the airport), Park Ujazdowski (close to the Sejm and John Lennon street), Park of Culture and Rest in Powsin, by the southern city border, Park Skaryszewski by the right Vistula bank, in Praga.


Premise: How are incomes distributed in Sweden?

Hypothesis: Life expectancy in Sweden (80 years) and Japan (82) – where income was more equally distributed – was longer.


Premise: Who did the Broncos defeat in the AFC Championship game?

Hypothesis: The Broncos defeated the Pittsburgh Steelers in the divisional round, 23–16, by scoring 11 points in the final three minutes of the game.