Premise: How many months of washing did a 1999 study look at?

Hypothesis: In 1999, a study of the effect of washing on the formaldehyde levels found that after 6 months after washing, 7 of 27 shirts had levels in excess of 75 ppm, which is a safe limit for direct skin exposure.


Premise: Between 1948 and 1970, how many Jewish refugees relocated to Israel?

Hypothesis: Between 1948 and 1970, approximately 1,150,000 Jewish refugees relocated to Israel.


Premise: What assistant naval secretary did Fiske serve under?

Hypothesis: Fiske, as aide for operations in 1913–15 to Assistant Secretary Franklin D. Roosevelt, proposed a radical reorganization of the Navy to make it a war-fighting instrument.


Premise: What is one of the main papers of Mexico City?

Hypothesis: Dozens of daily newspapers are published, including El Universal, Excélsior, Reforma and La Jornada.


Premise: The medieval city is a foundation of what family?

Hypothesis: The medieval city is a foundation of the Zähringer ruling family, which rose to power in Upper Burgundy in the 12th century.


Premise: What happens when the private banking system is weakened?

Hypothesis: This alternative requires that the tax revenues and credit of the wealthy member countries be used to refinance the previous borrowing of the weaker member countries, and is politically controversial.


Premise: Who used tuple calculus to show the functionality of databases?

Hypothesis: Codd's solution to the necessary looping was a set-oriented language, a suggestion that would later spawn the ubiquitous SQL.


Premise: How many different countries air American Idol on television?

Hypothesis: In Canada, the first thirteen seasons of American Idol were aired live by CTV and/or CTV Two, in simulcast with Fox.


Premise: Ruins of merchants' homes that survive today are evidence that Southampton had rich people in what century?

Hypothesis: Surviving remains of 12th century merchants' houses such as King John's House and Canute's Palace are evidence of the wealth that existed in the town at this time.


Premise: How many tourists visited Boston in 2011?

Hypothesis: Boston's status as a state capital as well as the regional home of federal agencies has rendered law and government to be another major component of the city's economy.


Premise: What is Titograd now called?

Hypothesis: The largest of these was Titograd, now Podgorica, the capital city of Montenegro.


Premise: How many of the richest families had a decrease in total wealth between 2007 and 2009?

Hypothesis: The Federal Reserve surveyed 4,000 households between 2007 and 2009, and found that the total wealth of 63 percent of all Americans declined in that period.


Premise: Which barbarians were depicted in heroic form?

Hypothesis: The image of Alexander the Great was also an important artistic theme, and all of the diadochi had themselves depicted imitating Alexander's youthful look.


Premise: What is the abbreviated alphabet called?

Hypothesis: Because of these three ancient Vyākaraṇins (grammarians), this grammar is called Trimuni Vyākarana.


Premise: How many jobs were there in Southampton in March of 2007?

Hypothesis: In March 2007 there were 120,305 jobs in Southampton, and 3,570 people claiming job seeker's allowance, approximately 2.4 per cent of the city's population.


Premise: Whose letter does the introduction to On the Origin of Species refer?

Hypothesis: The Introduction establishes Darwin's credentials as a naturalist and author, then refers to John Herschel's letter suggesting that the origin of species "would be found to be a natural in contradistinction to a miraculous process":


Premise: What is the last step in the stemmatic method?

Hypothesis: " But in fact, the critic employs conjecture at every step of the process.


Premise: How much space is World Trade Center 4 projected to have?

Hypothesis: World Trade Center 4, with 40 floors and 53,500 square metres (576,000 sq ft) of space is under construction as of 2010[update].[citation needed]


Premise: Who criticized Galen in the 1500s?

Hypothesis: Ultimately, 16th century works of Andreas Vesalius, sometimes called the father of modern medicine, overturned Galen's ideas.


Premise: Who is Washington University's food provider on campus?

Hypothesis: Washington University's North Campus and West Campus principally house administrative functions that are not student focused.


Premise: What were gunki?

Hypothesis: It is that exactly that will be the great fame of one's descendants."


Premise: What is the previous name of oldest recorded college a cappella group?

Hypothesis: However the longest continuously-singing group is probably The Whiffenpoofs of Yale University, which was formed in 1909 and once included Cole Porter as a member.


Premise: How many casualties did the French suffer?

Hypothesis: One French army was now immobilised and besieged in the city of Metz, and no other forces stood on French ground to prevent a German invasion.


Premise: Which term meaning "the mother book" does the Quran apply to itself?

Hypothesis: The term mus'haf ('written work') is often used to refer to particular Quranic manuscripts but is also used in the Quran to identify earlier revealed books.


Premise: In what year did Japan establish a base in New Guinea?

Hypothesis: The Japanese established a major base in the Australian Territory of New Guinea in early 1942.


Premise: What eye color shows the least presence among those of Greek heritage ?

Hypothesis: In conclusion the hair colour of young Greeks are mostly brown, ranging from light to dark brown.


Premise: Who are live events held by?

Hypothesis: Professional wrestling (colloquially abbreviated to pro wrestling or wrestling) is an athletic form of entertainment based on a portrayal of a combat sport.


Premise: How many underwriters was Richard M. Bowen III responsible for at Citigroup?

Hypothesis: Testimony given to the Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission by Richard M. Bowen III on events during his tenure as the Business Chief Underwriter for Correspondent Lending in the Consumer Lending Group for Citigroup (where he was responsible for over 220 professional underwriters) suggests that by the final years of the U.S. housing bubble (2006–2007), the collapse of mortgage underwriting standards was endemic.


Premise: When did Houston receive a ranking in the top of Kiplinger's Best cities list?

Hypothesis: In 2008, Houston received top ranking on Kiplinger's Personal Finance Best Cities of 2008 list, which ranks cities on their local economy, employment opportunities, reasonable living costs, and quality of life.


Premise: What was Detroit's 2010 Mexican population?

Hypothesis: In 2010 Detroit had 48,679 Hispanics, including 36,452 Mexicans.


Premise: Who placed the Sakya viceregal regime position of authority?

Hypothesis: In 1358, the Sakya viceregal regime installed by the Mongols in Tibet was overthrown in a rebellion by the Phagmodru myriarch Tai Situ Changchub Gyaltsen (1302–1364).


Premise: How many times could it add or subtract a second?

Hypothesis: It combined the high speed of electronics with the ability to be programmed for many complex problems.


Premise: At what rate is the drain-source current increased when the gate-source current is increased?

Hypothesis: The conductivity is varied by the electric field that is produced when a voltage is applied between the gate and source terminals; hence the current flowing between the drain and source is controlled by the voltage applied between the gate and source.


Premise: What type of architecture does the Music Palace have?

Hypothesis: i les Ciències), which contains an opera house/performing arts centre, a science museum, an IMAX cinema/planetarium, an oceanographic park and other structures such as a long covered walkway and restaurants.


Premise: Of the top 10 zip codes with the most expensive housing prices in the United States, how many are in Manhattan?

Hypothesis: New York City is home to some of the nation's—and the world's—most valuable real estate.


Premise: What is the total length of the Detroit International Riverfront?

Hypothesis: The second phase is a two-mile (3 km) extension from Hart Plaza to the Ambassador Bridge for a total of five miles (8 km) of parkway from bridge to bridge.


Premise: How much of Pakistan's population lives in Punjab?

Hypothesis: Undivided Punjab is home to six rivers, of which five flow through Pakistani Punjab.


Premise: Does intimacy between same-sex siblings increase or decrease during adolescence?

Hypothesis: Mixed-sex siblings pairs act differently; siblings drift apart during early adolescent years, but experience an increase in intimacy starting at middle adolescence.


Premise: How does short term memory encode information?

Hypothesis: Another part of long-term memory is episodic memory, "which attempts to capture information such as 'what', 'when' and 'where'".


Premise: What hunters allow for anti-poaching activities?

Hypothesis: Advocates argue that these hunters allow for anti-poaching activities and revenue for local communities.[citation needed]


Premise: What does the one drop rule do?

Hypothesis: Some have posited that the facts of lower socioeconomic status for people of color suggest that Brazil practices a kind of one-drop rule, or discrimination against people who are not visibly European in ancestry.


Premise: What type of defense did plants adaptively evolve in response to insects?

Hypothesis: Conversely, some interactions between plants and insects, like pollination, are beneficial to both organisms.


Premise: What is the gender make-up of the residence halls at Washington University?

Hypothesis: It is the location of all the freshman buildings as well as several upperclassman buildings, which are set up in the traditional residential college system.


Premise: What is Oakland Counties rank in affluence in 2009?

Hypothesis: But internal county statistical methods – based on measuring per capita income for counties with more than one million residents – show that Oakland is still within the top 12, slipping from the 4th-most affluent such county in the U.S. in 2004 to 11th-most affluent in 2009.


Premise: With what did the college boy's hit the shooter with?

Hypothesis: Victoria was outraged when he was found not guilty by reason of insanity, but was so pleased by the many expressions of loyalty after the attack that she said it was "worth being shot at—to see how much one is loved".


Premise: A BIOS chip is located where in a computer?

Hypothesis: This chip (hardware) is located on the motherboard and has the BIOS set up (software) stored in it.


Premise: The tambourine, bells and rumble-pot are all what type of instrument?

Hypothesis: Brass instruments in the Renaissance were traditionally played by professionals who were members of Guilds and they included the slide trumpet, the wooden cornet, the valveless trumpet and the sackbut.


Premise: Are pesticides chemical or biological agents?

Hypothesis: According to the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants, 9 of the 12 most dangerous and persistent organic chemicals are organochlorine pesticides.


Premise: What other age occurred at the same time as the Islamic Golden Age?

Hypothesis: The Islamic Golden Age coincided with the Middle Ages in the Muslim world, starting with the rise of Islam and establishment of the first Islamic state in 622.


Premise: When was the Computer Emergency Response Team of Estonia established?

Hypothesis: The main cyber warfare facility is the Computer Emergency Response Team of Estonia (CERT), founded in 2006.


Premise: Individual members of enveloping structures are known by what terms?

Hypothesis: The individual members of these surrounding structures are known as sepals and petals (or tepals in flowers such as Magnolia where sepals and petals are not distinguishable from each other).


Premise: Which system was the most complex of the three?

Hypothesis: Y-Gerät was the most complex system of the three.


Premise: What are Jehovah Witnesses' gatherings opened and closed with?

Hypothesis: Gatherings are opened and closed with kingdom songs (hymns) and brief prayers.


Premise: What was Immanuel Nobel son's name?

Hypothesis: Perhaps the most influential contributor to the development of naval mining was a Swede resident in Russia, the inventor and civil engineer Immanuel Nobel (the father of Alfred Nobel).


Premise: Growth rates during adolescent are comparible to those of what other life stage?

Hypothesis: Teenage and early adult males may continue to gain natural muscle growth even after puberty.


Premise: In what arrondissement is the Sorbonne library in Paris located?

Hypothesis: The Sorbonne Library in the 5th arrondissement is the largest university library in Paris.


Premise: Who weeps around the body of the King?

Hypothesis: Finally, amid rockets and explosions, the King's body is burned in a massive pyre.


Premise: What brought on the Douglas business's company growth?

Hypothesis: Douglas's business grew astronomically with the onset of World War II, employing as many as 44,000 people in 1943.


Premise: Besides parking requirements, what land use regulations does Houston have?

Hypothesis: Regulations include mandatory lot size for single-family houses and requirements that parking be available to tenants and customers.


Premise: Who developed Amphetamine?

Hypothesis: Amphetamine was developed by Smith, Kline and French as a nasal decongestant under the trade name Benzedrine Inhaler.


Premise: To what language did Catalan display similarities?

Hypothesis: Old Catalan shared many features with Gallo-Romance, diverging from Old Occitan between the 11th and 14th centuries.


Premise: What dictates passenger elevator capacities?

Hypothesis: Passenger elevators capacity is related to the available floor space.


Premise: What is another way to refer to the PhulMali?

Hypothesis: Millions of them were killed trying to protect their land.


Premise: What are serological tests based upon the ability of an antibody to do?

Hypothesis: These tests are based upon the ability of an antibody to bind specifically to an antigen.


Premise: What shouldn't architecture be assumed to promote, according to Rondanini?

Hypothesis: Nunzia Rondanini stated, "Through its aesthetic dimension architecture goes beyond the functional aspects that it has in common with other human sciences.


Premise: What properties determine dimension in lattice theory?

Hypothesis: Von Neumann provided an abstract exploration of dimension in completed complemented modular topological lattices: "Dimension is determined, up to a positive linear transformation, by the following two properties.


Premise: In 1860, approximately how many people of Irish extraction were in New York?

Hypothesis: Over 200,000 were living in New York by 1860, upwards of a quarter of the city's population.


Premise: Who was the leader of the group attacked by the people of the Marshall Islands in 1834?

Hypothesis: In 1834, Captain DonSette and his crew were killed.


Premise: Who did Inzunza and Zucche accept money from?

Hypothesis: In 2009, a judge acquitted Zucchet on seven out of the nine counts against him, and granted his petition for a new trial on the other two charges; the remaining charges were eventually dropped.


Premise: What caused population growth to decline  in the 1980s?

Hypothesis: One wave of the population boom ended abruptly in the mid-1980s, as oil prices fell precipitously.


Premise: In which year did the taifa period end?

Hypothesis: The Taifa period ended with the conquest of the Almoravids who came from Morocco in 1086 winning a decisive victory at the Battle of Sagrajas, followed a century later in 1147, after the second period of Taifa, by the Almohads, also from Marrakesh.


Premise: What did the published scheme attempt to do?

Hypothesis: From at least the late nineteenth century in Europe, there was speculation that the range of human sexual response looked more like a continuum than two or three discrete categories.


Premise: What did Galen believe that pneuma was?

Hypothesis: Galen thought that for a person to have gout, kidney stones, or arthritis was scandalous, which Gratzer likens to Samuel Butler's Erehwon (1872) where sickness is a crime.


Premise: When did he first gain power in Libya?

Hypothesis: Initially ideologically committed to Arab nationalism and Arab socialism, he came to rule according to his own Third International Theory before embracing Pan-Africanism and serving as Chairperson of the African Union from 2009 to 2010.


Premise: How many metals have a natural color that isn't gray?

Hypothesis: The characteristic color of copper results from the electronic transitions between the filled 3d and half-empty 4s atomic shells – the energy difference between these shells is such that it corresponds to orange light.


Premise: What have remained unchanged while the knowledge has grown?

Hypothesis: By 1968, the field of environmental physiology had advanced and expanded significantly, but the science of clothing in relation to environmental physiology had changed little.


Premise: Low temperatures in Florida average

Hypothesis: Mean low temperatures for early to mid January range from the low 40s Fahrenheit (4–7 °C) in northern Florida to above 60 °F (16 °C) from Miami on southward.


Premise: What city did Jayapala invade at least twice?

Hypothesis: Jayapala saw a danger in the consolidation of the Ghaznavids and invaded their capital city of Ghazni both in the reign of Sebuktigin and in that of his son Mahmud, which initiated the Muslim Ghaznavid and Hindu Shahi struggles.


Premise: In what language does the Clerk of the Parliaments announce Parliament's decision?

Hypothesis: The Clerk of the Parliaments, an official of the House of Lords, traditionally states a formula in Anglo-Norman Law French, indicating the sovereign's decision.


Premise: Where was oil found that promoted the development of the oil industry in Houston?

Hypothesis: The following year, oil discovered at the Spindletop oil field near Beaumont prompted the development of the Texas petroleum industry.


Premise: How do cancer patients usually control their background pain?

Hypothesis: It is common in cancer patients who often have background pain that is generally well-controlled by medications, but who also sometimes experience bouts of severe pain that from time to time "breaks through" the medication.


Premise: What month was a delay caused by Japanese rearguards north of Rangoon?

Hypothesis: Slim feared that the Japanese would defend Rangoon house-to-house during the monsoon, placing his army in a disastrous supply situation, and in March he had asked that a plan to capture Rangoon by an amphibious force, Operation Dracula, which had been abandoned earlier, be reinstated.


Premise: When did the Great Fire of London occur?

Hypothesis: Few structures in central London pre-date the Great Fire of 1666, these being a few trace Roman remains, the Tower of London and a few scattered Tudor survivors in the City.


Premise: French historians generally use the beginning of which King's reign to date the start of the Enlightenment?

Hypothesis: As to its end, most scholars use the last years of the century, often choosing the French Revolution of 1789 or the beginning of the Napoleonic Wars (1804–15) as a convenient point in time with which to date the end of the Enlightenment.


Premise: What are three international organizations that Portugal belongs to?

Hypothesis: It is a member of numerous international organizations, including the United Nations, the European Union, the Eurozone, OECD, NATO and the Community of Portuguese Language Countries.


Premise: What is the technique that analyzes the constituent bonds of molecules to identify them?

Hypothesis: Infrared vibrational spectroscopy (see also near-infrared spectroscopy) is a technique that can be used to identify molecules by analysis of their constituent bonds.


Premise: When was the tide-predicting machine invented by Sir William Thomson invented?

Hypothesis: The tide-predicting machine invented by Sir William Thomson in 1872 was of great utility to navigation in shallow waters.


Premise: What was used to power the plants engine?

Hypothesis: Shuman’s plant used parabolic troughs to power a 45–52 kilowatts (60–70 hp) engine that pumped more than 22,000 litres (4,800 imp gal; 5,800 US gal) of water per minute from the Nile River to adjacent cotton fields.


Premise: Why was there critcism of the elite clubs?

Hypothesis: That season also saw two of the Big Four (Chelsea and Liverpool) finish outside the top four places for the first time since 1994–95.


Premise: How does a deistic God feel about us?

Hypothesis: Deism holds that God is wholly transcendent: God exists, but does not intervene in the world beyond what was necessary to create it.


Premise: The study of the humanities at the end of the early modern period replaced the study of the work of what individual?

Hypothesis: Aristotle was no longer a force providing the epistemological and methodological focus for universities and a more mechanistic orientation was emerging.


Premise: later in 2009 what service replaced youtube for TV

Hypothesis: In June 2009, YouTube XL was introduced, which has a simplified interface designed for viewing on a standard television screen.


Premise: What helped tourism grow to new heights in the 1960-1970's?

Hypothesis: By the end of the 1970s, international business had supplanted tourism as the dominant sector of Bermuda's economy (see Economy of Bermuda).


Premise: What singer came in third on the sixth season of American Idol?

Hypothesis: This season saw the first Idol Gives Back telethon-inspired event, which raised more than $76 million in corporate and viewer donations.


Premise: Even though it was predicted that the Korean War would end in August, who was less than optimistic about the prediction?

Hypothesis: Although Kim's early successes had led him to predict that he would end the war by the end of August, Chinese leaders were more pessimistic.


Premise: What law involving slaves did the city react strongly to?

Hypothesis: The city reacted strongly to the Fugitive Slave Law of 1850, contributing to President Franklin Pierce's attempt to make an example of Boston after the Anthony Burns Fugitive Slave Case.


Premise: What is another example aside from racial quotes of affirmative action for collegiate admissions?

Hypothesis: Opponents of affirmative action argue that these policies are outdated and lead to reverse discrimination which entails favoring one group over another based upon racial preference rather than achievement.


Premise: The empress Eirene had what color hair?

Hypothesis: It must be a lifelike portrayal because Eirene was really a redhead as her original Hungarian name, Piroska shows.


Premise: In what city can KU's Edwards campus be found?

Hypothesis: The Edwards Campus is in Overland Park, Kansas, in the Kansas City metropolitan area.


Premise: What percentage of students at Notre Dame are the children of former Notre Dame students?

Hypothesis: " It has also been commended by some diversity oriented publications; Hispanic Magazine in 2004 ranked the university ninth on its list of the top–25 colleges for Latinos, and The Journal of Blacks in Higher Education recognized the university in 2006 for raising enrollment of African-American students.


Premise: On the median strip of what road is New Haven planning to create a secondary biotechnology district?

Hypothesis: A former SNET telephone building at 300 George Street is being converted into lab space, and has been so far quite successful in attracting biotechnology and medical firms.


Premise: What caused the HMS Prince to sink?

Hypothesis: It arrived in January with a civilian engineering crew, however it was March before it was sufficiently advanced to be of any appreciable value.:439


Premise: Are short-range bluetooth accessories able to be used?

Hypothesis: Mobile phones must be in airplane mode or with mobile service disabled, with no signal bars displayed, and cannot be used for voice communications due to Federal Communications Commission regulations that prohibit any airborne calls using mobile phones.


Premise: What case was Jefferson's concept apropos to?

Hypothesis: Jefferson's concept of "separation of church and state" first became a part of Establishment Clause jurisprudence in Reynolds v. U.S., 98 U.S. 145 (1878).


Premise: What was Roman London's population in the 2nd century?

Hypothesis: At its height in the 2nd century, Roman London had a population of around 60,000.


Premise: In 2006, did most people prefer the Xbox 360 or PS3 versions of cross-platform games?

Hypothesis: Sony also continued to lose money on each PS3 sold through 2010, although the redesigned "slim" PS3 has cut these losses since then.


Premise: How does the aerial refueling aircraft supply fuel during flight?

Hypothesis: The USAF's KC-135 and KC-10 aerial refueling aircraft are based on civilian jets.


Premise: What was a major reason Victoria's monarchy was not as popular as some others?

Hypothesis: In March 1864, a protester stuck a notice on the railings of Buckingham Palace that announced "these commanding premises to be let or sold in consequence of the late occupant's declining business".


Premise: What's the name of Valve's software update system?

Hypothesis: He also claimed that the inclusion of Steamworks (Valve's system to automatically update their software independently) would help to make the PS3 version of Portal 2 the best console version on the market.


Premise: How are alternative splicing and coding sequences distributed?

Hypothesis: Early work in molecular genetics suggested the model that one gene makes one protein.


Premise: No single house is without?

Hypothesis: The villages are well connected to roads, public health centers, and now with Lokmitra kendra using high-speed broadband.


Premise: The three gospels speak of the presence of which priests?

Hypothesis: Apart from these women, the three Synoptic Gospels speak of the presence of others: "the chief priests, with the scribes and elders"; two robbers crucified, one on Jesus' right and one on his left, whom the Gospel of Luke presents as the penitent thief and the impenitent thief; "the soldiers", "the centurion and those who were with him, keeping watch over Jesus"; passers-by; "bystanders", "the crowds that had assembled for this spectacle"; and "his acquaintances"


Premise: What does the last exposed number on the plate represent?

Hypothesis: The speed of the emulsion was then expressed in 'degrees' Warnerke (sometimes seen as Warn. or °W.) corresponding with the last number visible on the exposed plate after development and fixation.


Premise: Where did children from urban areas primarily work?

Hypothesis: What industries children work in depends on if they grew up in a rural area or an urban area.


Premise: What was Edward Oxford charged with after his assassination attempt?

Hypothesis: He was tried for high treason and found guilty, but was acquitted on the grounds of insanity.


Premise: Did the military sanctions imposed by India affect the business workings of it's relations in Burma ?

Hypothesis: International relations progress indicators continued in September 2012 when Aung San Suu Kyi visited to the US followed by Myanmar's reformist president visit to the United Nations.


Premise: What year did Chopin compose his first work?

Hypothesis: By the age of seven Fryderyk had begun giving public concerts, and in 1817 he composed two polonaises, in G minor and B-flat major.


Premise: What influence does Egypt have?

Hypothesis: Modern Egypt is considered to be a regional and middle power, with significant cultural, political, and military influence in North Africa, the Middle East and the Muslim world.


Premise: Comcast's purchase of Spectator gave them what sports teams in Philadelphia?

Hypothesis: In 2002, Comcast paid the University of Maryland $25 million for naming rights to the new basketball arena built on the College Park campus, the XFINITY Center.


Premise: Who assigned the First Battalion of Chihuahua for integration into the army?

Hypothesis: President Juárez, in an effort to organize a strong defense against the French, decreed a list of national guard units that every state had to contribute to the Ministry of War and the Navy; Chihuahua was responsible for inducting 2,000 men.


Premise: What was the former name of the Mayflower Theatre?

Hypothesis: The largest theatre in the city is the 2,300 capacity Mayflower Theatre (formerly known as the Gaumont), which, as the largest theatre in Southern England outside London, has hosted West End shows such as Les Misérables, The Rocky Horror Show and Chitty Chitty Bang Bang, as well as regular visits from Welsh National Opera and English National Ballet.


Premise: As cartridges couldn't be returned to Nintendo, the developers took on the entirety of what?

Hypothesis: Nintendo required that they be the sole manufacturer of all cartridges, and that the publisher had to pay in full before the cartridges for that game be produced.


Premise: What nationality was Edward Schnell?

Hypothesis: Hiramatsu (Schnell) was given the right to wear swords, as well as a residence in the castle town of Wakamatsu, a Japanese wife, and retainers.


Premise: Whom is the Anschutz Library named for?

Hypothesis: The university is host to several museums including the University of Kansas Natural History Museum and the Spencer Museum of Art.


Premise: What does Χριστός (Christos) mean?

Hypothesis: In the Greek Septuagint, christos was used to translate the Hebrew מָשִׁיחַ (Mašíaḥ, messiah), meaning "[one who is] anointed."


Premise: Where is the Royal Institute Library's Reading Room located?

Hypothesis: The Reading Room, designed by the building's architect George Grey Wornum and his wife Miriam, retains its original 1934 Art Deco interior with open bookshelves, original furniture and double-height central space.


Premise: Under what agreement did the Australian government support the US?

Hypothesis: The Howard Government invoked the ANZUS treaty in response to the attacks and supported America's campaigns in Afghanistan and Iraq.


Premise: Who was the ruler of the underworld in ancient Egypt?

Hypothesis: In wall paintings, the ruler of the underworld, Osiris, was typically portrayed with a green face, because green was the symbol of good health and rebirth.


Premise: In addition to others, Western culture considers eating dog meat as what?

Hypothesis: Proponents of eating dog meat have argued that placing a distinction between livestock and dogs is western hypocrisy, and that there is no difference with eating the meat of different animals.


Premise: What 1994 film brought Schwarzenegger back together with director James Cameron?

Hypothesis: His next film, the comedy drama True Lies (1994), was a popular spy film, and saw Schwarzenegger reunited with James Cameron.


Premise: What has the 'war on terror' been used as an excuse for?

Hypothesis: It is argued that the term war is not appropriate in this context (as in War on Drugs), since there is no identifiable enemy, and that it is unlikely international terrorism can be brought to an end by military means.


Premise: How many times was the release date for Kanye's first album pushed back?

Hypothesis: West's perfectionism led The College Dropout to have its release postponed three times from its initial date in August 2003.


Premise: What indicates the edge of a runway?

Hypothesis: Runway edge lighting consists of white lights spaced out on both sides of the runway, indicating the edge.


Premise: Which theorist argued that not everyone fully achieves identity?

Hypothesis: He described the resolution of this process as a stage of "identity achievement" but also stressed that the identity challenge "is never fully resolved once and for all at one point in time".


Premise: How many patients received Zocor?

Hypothesis: Researchers tested simvastatin, later sold by Merck as Zocor, on 4,444 patients with high cholesterol and heart disease.


Premise: What grade was given to Northwestern on the 2010 College Sustainability Report Card  by The Sustainable Endowments Institute?

Hypothesis: The 2010 Report by The Sustainable Endowments Institute awarded Northwestern a "B-" on its College Sustainability Report Card.


Premise: Where is the first known use of 'samurai'?

Hypothesis: According to translator William Scott Wilson: "In Chinese, the character 侍 was originally a verb meaning "to wait upon" or "accompany persons" in the upper ranks of society, and this is also true of the original term in Japanese, saburau.


Premise: What role was Montini not perceived to fill unlike some of his fellow cardinals?

Hypothesis: He was viewed as most likely to continue the Second Vatican Council, which already, without any tangible results, had lasted longer than anticipated by John XXIII, who had a vision but "did not have a clear agenda.


Premise: Which Hungarian ruler was killed at the Battle of Varna?

Hypothesis: Hungary was the last bastion of the Latin Christian world in the East, and fought to keep its rule over a period of two centuries.


Premise: What is an entrenched constitutional principle in Germany?

Hypothesis: Though international relations including international treaties are primarily the responsibility of the federal level, the constituent states have certain limited powers in this area: in matters that affect them directly, the states defend their interests at the federal level through the Bundesrat (literally Federal Council, the upper house of the German Federal Parliament) and in areas where they have legislative authority they have limited powers to conclude international treaties "with the consent of the federal government".


Premise: What organization did Berners-Lee create?

Hypothesis: The first web browser was invented in 1990 by Sir Tim Berners-Lee.


Premise: Explorers in the employ of what nation discovered the Azores?

Hypothesis: Prince Henry the Navigator of Portugal


Premise: What date is still commemorated by Powder House Day in New Haven?

Hypothesis: On 23 April 1775, which is still celebrated in New Haven as Powder House Day, the Second Company, Governor's Foot Guard, of New Haven entered the struggle against the governing British parliament.


Premise: From what passage is cited as being one of the first known examples of using the word heresy?

Hypothesis: The number of people executed as heretics under the authority of the various "ecclesiastical authorities"[note 1] is not known.[note 2]


Premise: Thinkers out of the Frankfurt School combined Marxian and what other perspective?

Hypothesis: Out of the Frankfurt School, thinkers like Herbert Marcuse, Theodor W. Adorno, Max Horkheimer, and Jürgen Habermas combined Marxian and Freudian perspectives.


Premise: Who are the Madonna Companion Biographers?

Hypothesis: In The Madonna Companion biographers Allen Metz and Carol Benson noted that more than any other recent pop artist, Madonna had used MTV and music videos to establish her popularity and enhance her recorded work.


Premise: Who developed the HDI?

Hypothesis: The HDI was developed by the Pakistani economist Mahbub ul Haq, often framed in terms of whether people are able to "be" and "do" desirable things in their life, and was published by the United Nations Development Programme.


Premise: What two ancient Roman festivals is Carnival thought to stem from?

Hypothesis: While forming an integral part of the Christian calendar, particularly in Catholic regions, many Carnival traditions resemble those antedating Christianity.


Premise: What did the city provide during the Great Depression?

Hypothesis: The city provided recreational and educational programs, and hired people for public works projects.


Premise: Which body of water is to the east of Zhejiang?

Hypothesis: Zhejiang (help·info), formerly romanized as Chekiang, is an eastern coastal province of China.


Premise: What does the term "Moors" refer to?

Hypothesis: The term "Moors" has been used in Europe in a broader, somewhat derogatory sense to refer to Muslims, especially those of Arab or Berber descent, whether living in North Africa or Iberia.


Premise: Which alphabet is a special case because it transitioned from bicameral to unicameral?

Hypothesis: Many other writing systems make no distinction between majuscules and minuscules – a system called unicameral script or unicase.


Premise: What apps can one expect the People app to match with?

Hypothesis: Apps can use "contracts"; a collection of hooks to provide common functionality that can integrate with other apps, including search and sharing.


Premise: What were the Tanguts able to do in only decades that took the Chinese centuries?

Hypothesis: The Tangut Empire was especially efficient in such efforts; exploiting the then newly invented block printing, and with the full support of the government (contemporary sources describe the Emperor and his mother personally contributing to the translation effort, alongside sages of various nationalities), the Tanguts took mere decades to translate volumes that had taken the Chinese centuries to render.[citation needed]


Premise: What was Bell's reward for his dehusking machine?

Hypothesis: In return, John Herdman gave both boys the run of a small workshop in which to "invent".


Premise: What program interviewed Queen on 22 September 2010?

Hypothesis: On 20 August 2010, Queen's manager Jim Beach put out a Newsletter stating that the band had signed a new contract with Universal Music.


Premise: What encoding reduces the heterogeneity of a dataset by sorting SNPs?

Hypothesis: Genetics compression algorithms are the latest generation of lossless algorithms that compress data (typically sequences of nucleotides) using both conventional compression algorithms and genetic algorithms adapted to the specific datatype.


Premise: What to Galician's call themselves in their language?

Hypothesis: Galicia's inhabitants are known as Galicians (Galician: galegos, Spanish: gallegos).


Premise: Who was Moses?

Hypothesis: The name "Israel" (Standard Yisraʾel, Isrāʾīl; Septuagint Greek: Ἰσραήλ Israēl; 'El(God) persists/rules' though, after Hosea 12:4 often interpreted as "struggle with God") in these phrases refers to the patriarch Jacob who, according to the Hebrew Bible, was given the name after he successfully wrestled with the angel of the Lord.


Premise: By what nickname is Tennessee officially known?

Hypothesis: Tennessee is known as the "Volunteer State", a nickname some claimed was earned during the War of 1812 because of the prominent role played by volunteer soldiers from Tennessee, especially during the Battle of New Orleans.


Premise: How much rain is received in the region where Burma is located ?

Hypothesis: It lies in the monsoon region of Asia, with its coastal regions receiving over 5,000 mm (196.9 in) of rain annually.


Premise: What type of format were adult contemporary and easy listening stations meant to share?

Hypothesis: Whereas most easy listening music was instrumental, created by relatively unknown artists, and rarely purchased, AC was an attempt to create a similar "lite" format by choosing certain tracks (both hit singles and album cuts) of popular artists.


Premise: When did Max Weinrich write "A shprakh iz a dialekt mit an armey un flot"?

Hypothesis: "A language is a dialect with an army and navy") in YIVO Bleter 25.1, 1945, p. 13.


Premise: What view did Louis Agassiz have of On the Origin of Species?

Hypothesis: While some commentators have taken this as a concession to religion that Darwin later regretted, Darwin's view at the time was of God creating life through the laws of nature, and even in the first edition there are several references to "creation".


Premise: How should the tiles be aligned next to each other?

Hypothesis: A tile mosaic is a digital image made up of individual tiles, arranged in a non-overlapping fashion, e.g. to make a static image on a shower room or bathing pool floor, by breaking the image down into square pixels formed from ceramic tiles (a typical size is 1 in × 1 in (25 mm × 25 mm), as for example, on the floor of the University of Toronto pool, though sometimes larger tiles such as 2 in × 2 in (51 mm × 51 mm) are used).


Premise: What radio stations can they be heard on?

Hypothesis: One of their members, mandolin virtuoso Paul Hooper, has had a number of Concertos written for him by composers such as Eric Gross.


Premise: What was the first film Schwarzenegger co-starred in with Sylvester Stallone?

Hypothesis: He starred in the fifth Terminator movie Terminator Genisys in 2015 and will reprise his role as Conan the Barbarian in The Legend of Conan.


Premise: In what year were Zucchet's seven out of nine counts acquitted?

Hypothesis: In 2009, a judge acquitted Zucchet on seven out of the nine counts against him, and granted his petition for a new trial on the other two charges; the remaining charges were eventually dropped.


Premise: On how many sides of the Lightning connector are the pins located?

Hypothesis: Apple Lightning cables have pins on both sides of the plug so it can be inserted with either side facing up.


Premise: How do Buddhists believe their suffering can be ended?

Hypothesis: BCE.[note 1] He is recognized by Buddhists as an awakened or enlightened teacher who shared his insights to help sentient beings end their suffering through the elimination of ignorance and craving.


Premise: How many bulbs does the average ribbon machine produce per hour?

Hypothesis: After the bulbs are blown, and cooled, they are cut off the ribbon machine; a typical machine of this sort produces 50,000 bulbs per hour.


Premise: What do Ethnoarchaeologists gain a better understanding of by studying living human groups?

Hypothesis: Archaeologists examine these material remains in order to deduce patterns of past human behavior and cultural practices.


Premise: What new positions did Nasser give himself ?

Hypothesis: Nasser appointed himself the additional roles of prime minister and supreme commander of the armed forces on 19 June 1967.


Premise: Which sediements in the US are an indication of the break up of Pangaea?

Hypothesis: The first nonmarine sediments in the rift that marks the initial break-up of Pangea—which separated New Jersey from Morocco—are of Late Triassic age; in the U.S., these thick sediments comprise the Newark Supergroup.


Premise: What was the title of Deep Purple's 1980s reunion album?

Hypothesis: Established bands made something of a comeback in the mid-1980s.


Premise: What was the name of the Shell Group's new parent company?

Hypothesis: In November 2004, following a period of turmoil caused by the revelation that Shell had been overstating its oil reserves, it was announced that the Shell Group would move to a single capital structure, creating a new parent company to be named Royal Dutch Shell plc, with its primary listing on the London Stock Exchange, a secondary listing on the Amsterdam Stock Exchange, its headquarters and tax residency in The Hague, Netherlands and its registered office in London.


Premise: What color of clothing were merchants that had registered with the state forced to wear?

Hypothesis: State-registered merchants, who were forced by law to wear white-colored clothes and pay high commercial taxes, were considered by the gentry as social parasites with a contemptible status.


Premise: What title change will be happening to reduce racial tensions?

Hypothesis: In April 2016 Salovey announced that "despite decades of vigorous alumni and student protests," Calhoun's name will remain on the Yale residential college explaining that it is preferable for Yale students to live in Calhoun's "shadow" so they will be "better prepared to rise to the challenges of the present and the future."


Premise: How was the migrating of ospretys and honey buzzards tracked?

Hypothesis: The ability of birds to navigate during migrations cannot be fully explained by endogenous programming, even with the help of responses to environmental cues.


Premise: A clause like "in witness whereof" or "in faith whereof" typically signals what in a treaty?

Hypothesis: The end of a treaty, the eschatocol (or closing protocol), is often signaled by a clause like "in witness whereof" or "in faith whereof," the parties have affixed their signatures, followed by the words "DONE at," then the site(s) of the treaty's execution and the date(s) of its execution.


Premise: What was the average net household income in Paris in 2011?

Hypothesis: The average net household income (after social, pension and health insurance contributions) in Paris was €36,085 for 2011.


Premise: In Max Schoop's method, what was used to create the flame-sprayed pattern on the board?

Hypothesis: Arthur Berry in 1913 patented a print-and-etch method in Britain, and in the United States Max Schoop obtained a patent to flame-spray metal onto a board through a patterned mask.


Premise: Which era did Cennino Cennini actively paint in?

Hypothesis: For example, purple on a computer screen is made by a similar formula to used by Cennino Cennini in the Renaissance to make violet, but using additive colors and light instead of pigment: it is created by combining red and blue light at equal intensity on a black screen.


Premise: What is a potential attack vector for utilities such as the power grid?

Hypothesis: Computers control functions at many utilities, including coordination of telecommunications, the power grid, nuclear power plants, and valve opening and closing in water and gas networks.


Premise: What wood has recently started being used to make baseball bats in addition to hickory and ash?

Hypothesis: Many types of sports equipment are made of wood, or were constructed of wood in the past.


Premise: Rosen suggests that a central part of Chopin's uniqueness is how he handles what?

Hypothesis: Rosen suggests that an important aspect of Chopin's individuality is his flexible handling of the four-bar phrase as a structural unit.


Premise: What light can harm human eyes or skin?

Hypothesis: A concern is that UV light may leak from a malfunctioning light source and cause harm to human eyes or skin.


Premise: What did the Army traditionally take control of to defeat the Indians?

Hypothesis: The usual strategy in Indian wars was to seize control of the Indians winter food supply, but that was no use in Florida where there was no winter.


Premise: Soldiers from which country were brought to the Congo?

Hypothesis: Nevertheless, Massamba-Débat was unable to reconcile various institutional, tribal and ideological factions within the country and his regime ended abruptly with a bloodless coup d'état in September 1968.


Premise: What camera style does Spielberg often use?

Hypothesis: If one views each of his films, one will see this shot utilized by the director, notably the water scenes in Jaws are filmed from the low-angle perspective of someone swimming.


Premise: What subjects can only be legislated by the central legislative body in India?

Hypothesis: But to implement international treaties, Parliament can legislate on any subject overriding the general division of subject lists.


Premise: When did conventional carriers start recovering aircraft at an angle to port of the axial line of the ship?

Hypothesis: The primary function of this angled deck is to allow aircraft that miss the arresting wires, referred to as a bolter, to become airborne again without the risk of hitting aircraft parked forward.


Premise: What did Japan call the occupied group of Asian nations?

Hypothesis: Japanese officials integrated what they called the Japan–China Incident (日支事変, Nisshi Jihen?) into the Greater East Asia War.


Premise: Which country did England negotiate the Treaty of London with?

Hypothesis: In 1603, James VI, King of Scots, ascended (as James I) to the English throne and in 1604 negotiated the Treaty of London, ending hostilities with Spain.


Premise: What genre of music did season ten American Idol contestant Lauren Alaina sing?

Hypothesis: McCreery won the competition on May 25, being the youngest male winner and the fourth male in a row to win American Idol.


Premise: How are the results simplified when using the SASO?

Hypothesis: However, results can be further simplified into four summaries that look specifically at responses that correspond to either homosexuality, heterosexuality, bisexuality or asexuality.


Premise: What ancient civilization utilized neoclassicism in city planning?

Hypothesis: Ancient façades and building layouts were oriented to these city design patterns and they tended to work in proportion with the importance of public buildings.


Premise: Beyonce received how many nominations at the 52nd Annual Grammy Awards?

Hypothesis: She tied with Lauryn Hill for most Grammy nominations in a single year by a female artist.


Premise: National Guardsmen are under the authority of who?

Hypothesis: Since the Militia Act of 1903 all National Guard soldiers have held dual status: as National Guardsmen under the authority of the governor of their state or territory and, when activated, as a reserve of the U.S. Army under the authority of the President.


Premise: When did the term "Hispanic" begin being used?

Hypothesis: The term "Hispanic" as an ethnonym emerged in the 20th century with the rise of migration of laborers from the Spanish-speaking countries of Latin America to the United States.


Premise: Where did the protest march start?

Hypothesis: Police tried to prevent the protest but took no action to stop it once the march was underway.


Premise: Who patented an incandescent light bulb in Russia in 1874?

Hypothesis: Later he lived in the USA, changed his name to Alexander de Lodyguine and applied and obtained patents for incandescent lamps having chromium, iridium, rhodium, ruthenium, osmium, molybdenum and tungsten filaments, and a bulb using a molybdenum filament was demonstrated at the world fair of 1900 in Paris.


Premise: The electronic transition frequency of which element defines the second?

Hypothesis: Examples include the apparent motion of the sun across the sky, the phases of the moon, the swing of a pendulum, and the beat of a heart.


Premise: What term refers to the legislature of the Isle of man?

Hypothesis: Special procedures apply to legislation passed by Tynwald, the legislature of the Isle of Man.


Premise: When did Apple reveal that most of the iTunes selection was free from DRM?

Hypothesis: However, in a deal with Apple, EMI began selling DRM-free, higher-quality songs on the iTunes Stores, in a category called "iTunes Plus."


Premise: In what year was the Janissary corp disbanded?

Hypothesis: The disbandment of the centuries-old Janissary corps by Sultan Mahmud II on 15 June 1826 (Auspicious Incident) was a good deed for the country in the longer term, but it has deprived the country from its army forces for the nearest future.


Premise: What was John Cabot's sons first name?

Hypothesis: In the Basque Country, it is a common belief that the name of St. John's was given by Basque fishermen because the bay of St. John's is very similar to the Bay of Pasaia in the Basque Country, where one of the fishing towns is also called St. John (in Spanish, San Juan, and in Basque, Donibane).


Premise: How many square kilometers in size is Kathmandu?

Hypothesis: According to the 2011 census, Kathmandu Metropolitan City has a population of 975,453 and measures 49.45 km2 (19.09 sq mi).


Premise: What language did the Jews speak prior to assimilating into German culture?

Hypothesis: However tolerance and assimilation of Jews in German society suddenly ended during the Crusades with many Jews being forcefully expelled from Germany and Western Yiddish disappeared as a language in Germany over the centuries, with German Jewish people fully adopting the German language.


Premise: How many buildings are on BYU's main campus?

Hypothesis: The main campus in Provo, Utah, United States sits on approximately 560 acres (2.3 km2) nestled at the base of the Wasatch Mountains and includes 295 buildings.


Premise: what are the 2 sections of the somerset levels

Hypothesis: The Somerset Levels (or Somerset Levels and Moors as they are less commonly but more correctly known) are a sparsely populated wetland area of central Somerset, between the Quantock and Mendip hills.


Premise: How many classes of research does Woolf encourage?

Hypothesis: However, this system has been criticized by Clifford J. Woolf and others as inadequate for guiding research and treatment.


Premise: The invariant interval that separates two events in Minkowski spacetime can either be what?

Hypothesis: Different observers may calculate different distances and different time intervals between two events, but the invariant interval between the events is independent of the observer (and his velocity).


Premise: When did Yongzheng ban christianity?

Hypothesis: First, he promoted Confucian orthodoxy and reversed what he saw as his father's laxness by cracking down on unorthodox sects and by decapitating an anti-Manchu writer his father had pardoned.


Premise: What contains disciplinary rules for Buddhist Monks and nuns?

Hypothesis: Pitaka contains disciplinary rules for the Buddhist monks and nuns, as well as explanations of why and how these rules were instituted, supporting material, and doctrinal clarification.


Premise: What is the goal of the Carnival painters?

Hypothesis: "On the last day of Carnival painters flood the street to paint each other.


Premise: What type of system is American Federalism?

Hypothesis: In the dual-sovereign system of American federalism (actually tripartite because of the presence of Indian reservations), states are the plenary sovereigns, each with their own constitution, while the federal sovereign possesses only the limited supreme authority enumerated in the Constitution.


Premise: When did the Russo-Persian War begin?

Hypothesis: In the late 1820s, the parts of historic Armenia under Iranian control centering on Yerevan and Lake Sevan (all of Eastern Armenia) were incorporated into the Russian Empire following Iran's forced ceding of the territories after its loss in the Russo-Persian War (1826-1828) and the outcoming Treaty of Turkmenchay.


Premise: One of the first "age hardening" alloys used were called?

Hypothesis: Because they often exhibit a combination of high strength and low weight, these alloys became widely used in many forms of industry, including the construction of modern aircraft.


Premise: Those with low levels of identity diffusion are classified as what?

Hypothesis: Weinreich's identity variant similarly includes the categories of identity diffusion, foreclosure and crisis, but with a somewhat different emphasis.


Premise: What ruling forbid the government from executing child rapists?

Hypothesis: However, three states maintained the death penalty for child rape, as the Coker decision only imposed a ban on executions for the rape of an adult woman.


Premise: Minimally, how many hours are devoted weekly to network programming in CBC's private affiliates?

Hypothesis: Some of the private affiliates have begun adding CBC's overnight programming to their schedules since the network began broadcasting 24 hours a day.


Premise: What is the name of the travel magazine sold by The Times?

Hypothesis: The first issue of The Sunday Times Travel Magazine was in 2003, and it includes news, features and insider guides.


Premise: The European Union has prescribed an indicative renewable energy target of what percent?

Hypothesis: For example, the European Union has prescribed an indicative renewable energy target of 12 per cent of the total EU energy mix and 22 per cent of electricity consumption by 2010.


Premise: When did the BeiDou-2 begin operating?

Hypothesis: It is planned to begin serving global customers upon its completion in 2020.


Premise: What Swiss world famous physicist developed his Special relativity while working in Bern?

Hypothesis: Many Nobel prizes have been awarded to Swiss scientists, for example to the world-famous physicist Albert Einstein in the field of physics who developed his Special relativity while working in Bern.


Premise: Which two Tennessee metropolitan areas have been most supportive of the Republican Party?

Hypothesis: In the early 21st century, Republican voters control most of the state, especially in the more rural and suburban areas outside of the cities; Democratic strength is mostly confined to the urban cores of the four major cities, and is particularly strong in the cities of Nashville and Memphis.


Premise: Libelles were generally written in what form?

Hypothesis: Written mostly in the form of pamphlets, the libelles "slandered the court, the Church, the aristocracy, the academies, the salons, everything elevated and respectable, including the monarchy itself".


Premise: When did the al-Qarawiyin officially become a university?

Hypothesis: The madrasa of al-Qarawīyīn, one of the two surviving madaris that predate the founding of the earliest medieval universities and are thus claimed to be the "first universities" by some authors, has acquired official university status as late as 1947.


Premise: If the hippocampus doesn't store information what does it do?

Hypothesis: Furthermore, it may be involved in changing neural connections for a period of three months or more after the initial learning.


Premise: What part of the USSR did Armenia join?

Hypothesis: In late 1920, the communists came to power following an invasion of Armenia by the Red Army, and in 1922, Armenia became part of the Transcaucasian SFSR of the Soviet Union, later forming the Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic (1936 to September 21, 1991).


Premise: Why did different sects come about within Shiism?

Hypothesis: Within Shia Islam (Shiism), the various sects came into being because they differed over their Imams' successions, just as the Shia - Sunni separation within Islam itself had come into being from the dispute that had arisen over the succession to Muhammad.


Premise: What is the amount of solar energy absorbed by the earth?

Hypothesis: The total solar energy absorbed by Earth's atmosphere, oceans and land masses is approximately 3,850,000 exajoules (EJ) per year.


Premise: When did General Wolfe take Quebec?

Hypothesis: The French forces retreated to Montreal, where on 8 September they surrendered to overwhelming British numerical superiority.


Premise: Along with the Miami River, near what body of water are Miami seafood restaurants notably located?

Hypothesis: Located on the Atlantic Ocean, and with a long history as a seaport, Miami is also known for its seafood, with many seafood restaurants located along the Miami River, and in and around Biscayne Bay.


Premise: Some people consider physicalism to be synonymous with what?

Hypothesis: Thus the term "physicalism" is preferred over "materialism" by some, while others use the terms as if they are synonymous.


Premise: What humanitarian concept did Montini see nationalism as violating?

Hypothesis: Like Achille Ratti before him,[a] he felt confronted with the huge problem, not limited to Poland, of excessive nationalism: "This form of nationalism treats foreigners as enemies, especially foreigners with whom one has common frontiers.


Premise: What institution has contributed to the growth of fuel biotechnology?

Hypothesis: There are more than 400 biotechnology companies in the area.


Premise: South America was formerly which continent?

Hypothesis: Though Gondwana was still intact in the beginning of the Cretaceous, Gondwana itself broke up as South America, Antarctica and Australia rifted away from Africa (though India and Madagascar remained attached to each other); thus, the South Atlantic and Indian Oceans were newly formed.


Premise: What percentage of Kathmandu's economy is trade?

Hypothesis: Manufacturing is also important and accounts for 19% of the revenue that Kathmandu generates.


Premise: Which computer is the Harvard architecture modeled after?

Hypothesis: This is called the Harvard architecture after the Harvard Mark I computer.


Premise: What was copper called in Greece?

Hypothesis: In Greece, copper was known by the name chalkos (χαλκός).


Premise: What is the name of the dog in the Guinness Book of World Records for longest lived?

Hypothesis: The dog widely reported to be the longest-lived is "Bluey", who died in 1939 and was claimed to be 29.5 years old at the time of his death.


Premise: Which mountain is a holy pilgrimage for both Hindus and Tibetans?

Hypothesis: The Indus and Brahmaputra rivers originate from a lake (Tib: Tso Mapham) in Western Tibet, near Mount Kailash.


Premise: What does this eliminate?

Hypothesis: A bactericidal activity of antibacterials may depend on the bacterial growth phase, and it often requires ongoing metabolic activity and division of bacterial cells.


Premise: What was Eisenhower's title after Germany's surrender?

Hypothesis: He reclassified German prisoners of war (POWs) in U.S. custody as Disarmed Enemy Forces (DEFs), who were no longer subject to the Geneva Convention.


Premise: Which inventor created the first useful DC motor?

Hypothesis: In 1886, Frank Julian Sprague invented the first practical DC motor, a non-sparking motor that maintained relatively constant speed under variable loads.


Premise: The forces of what countries did people serve before the unification?

Hypothesis: Prior to Confederation in 1867, residents of the colonies in what is now Canada served as regular members of French and British forces and in local militia groups.


Premise: About what time did the big tech boom in Seattle fizzle?

Hypothesis: Many of the Seattle area's tech companies remained relatively strong, but the frenzied dot-com boom years ended in early 2001.


Premise: What is an annelid's cuticle made of?

Hypothesis: Most of the segments contain the same sets of organs, although sharing a common gut, circulatory system and nervous system makes them inter-dependent.


Premise: Where is Ridge Bond from?

Hypothesis: Ridge Bond, native of McAlester, Oklahoma, starred in the Broadway and International touring productions of Oklahoma!, playing the role of "Curly McClain" in more than 2,600 performances.


Premise: How many overseas territories does Britain still have?

Hypothesis: The British Antarctic Territory is subject to overlapping claims by Argentina and Chile, while many countries do not recognise any territorial claims in Antarctica.


Premise: Where did Abbess Hildegard live?

Hypothesis: What they did not contain was hops, as that was a later addition, first mentioned in Europe around 822 by a Carolingian Abbot and again in 1067 by Abbess Hildegard of Bingen.


Premise: What historical event led to many department stores in the area being destroyed?

Hypothesis: During the course of the American occupation of the Philippines, many department stores were built throughout the city, many of which were located in Escolta.


Premise: How many meters did the Sangamonian Stage raise sea levels compared to their present level?

Hypothesis: Beginning some 130,000 years ago the Sangamonian Stage raised sea levels to approximately 25 feet (8 m) above the current level.


Premise: Where are consonants aspirated in just the final position?

Hypothesis: In Wahgi, consonants are aspirated only in final position.


Premise: What business organization is the Congo a member of?

Hypothesis: The country is a member of the Organization for the Harmonization of Business Law in Africa (OHADA).


Premise: Modern Greek theater was influenced by what?

Hypothesis: The modern Greek theatre was born after the Greek independence, in the early 19th century, and initially was influenced by the Heptanesean theatre and melodrama, such as the Italian opera.


Premise: What was Victoria's opinion of Albert's appearance?

Hypothesis: Victoria wrote to her uncle Leopold, whom Victoria considered her "best and kindest adviser", to thank him "for the prospect of great happiness you have contributed to give me, in the person of dear Albert ...


Premise: Along with the United Church of Christ and the UCCCMI, what is a main religion of the Marshall Islands?

Hypothesis: Almost the entire population of the islands practises some religion, with three-quarters of the country either following the United Church of Christ – Congregational in the Marshall Islands (UCCCMI) or the Assemblies of God.


Premise: What did Madonna use in her concerts?

Hypothesis: To allow for greater movement while dancing and singing, Madonna was one of the earliest adopters of hands-free radio-frequency headset microphones, with the headset fastened over the ears or the top of the head, and the microphone capsule on a boom arm that extended to the mouth.


Premise: How does Eton College rate expense-wise with the other HMC boarding schools in the UK?

Hypothesis: Charging up to £11,478 per term (there are three terms per academic year) in 2014/15, Eton is the sixth most expensive HMC boarding school in the UK.


Premise: What produces tracks similar to the fossilized tracks discovered by paleontologists?

Hypothesis: Some paleontologists suggest that animals appeared much earlier than the Cambrian explosion, possibly as early as 1 billion years ago.


Premise: What is the native term for prime minister in Scandinavia?

Hypothesis: In federations, the head of government of subnational entities such as provinces is most commonly known as the premier, chief minister, governor or minister-president.


Premise: What does Midna destroy?

Hypothesis: However, as Hyrule Castle collapses, it is revealed that Ganondorf was victorious as he crushes Midna's helmet.


Premise: What was the name of the first Spanish department store?

Hypothesis: (Sociedad Española de Precios Unicos) department store chain, which was one of Spain's oldest, the market is now dominated by El Corte Inglés, founded in 1934 as a drapery store.


Premise: Are any of the structures that were built at that time still around?

Hypothesis: Because it was designated as the national capital, many structures were built around that time.


Premise: How old is the city of Palermo?

Hypothesis: The city is noted for its history, culture, architecture and gastronomy, playing an important role throughout much of its existence; it is over 2,700 years old.


Premise: How did Japan view Western embargos?

Hypothesis: In Japan, the government and nationalists viewed these embargos as acts of aggression; imported oil made up about 80% of domestic consumption, without which Japan's economy, let alone its military, would grind to a halt.


Premise: How many apps did the WIndows 8.1 update allow to be snapped onto a signular display?

Hypothesis: Windows 8's stock apps were also updated, a new Bing-based unified search system was added, SkyDrive was given deeper integration with the operating system, and a number of new stock apps, along with a tutorial, were added.


Premise: Did the French take St. John's?

Hypothesis: Although they took St. John's and raided nearby settlements, the French forces were eventually defeated by British troops at the Battle of Signal Hill.


Premise: What compression did Euro1080 later change to?

Hypothesis: These first European HDTV broadcasts used the 1080i format with MPEG-2 compression on a DVB-S signal from SES's Astra 1H satellite.


Premise: Where are the Women's games played?

Hypothesis: Games are currently played at Warwick Academy.


Premise: Are you able to search most of the records online today?

Hypothesis: Many of the East India Company records are freely available online under an agreement that the Families in British India Society has with the British Library.


Premise: What was the name of the state founded in Libya on March 2, 1977?

Hypothesis: Dissolving the Libyan Arab Republic, it was replaced by the Great Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya (Arabic


Premise: Where did the Algonquin speaking tribes of North Carolina live?

Hypothesis: Succeeding peoples, including those of the ancient Mississippian culture established by A.D. 1000 in the Piedmont, continued to build or add onto such mounds.


Premise: What accounts for almost 14% of total tourism in Namibia?

Hypothesis: Sport hunting is also a large, and growing component of the Namibian economy, accounting for 14% of total tourism in the year 2000, or $19.6 million US dollars, with Namibia boasting numerous species sought after by international sport hunters.


Premise: Why did many post-punk artists produce and release their own music?

Hypothesis: Additionally, in some locations, the creation of post-punk music was closely linked to the development of efficacious subcultures, which played important roles in the production of art, multimedia performances, fanzines and independent labels related to the music.


Premise: What is the modern name for the West Saxon dialect of Alfred's time?

Hypothesis: Each of these four dialects was associated with an independent kingdom on the island.


Premise: How long has the International System of Measurements based the second on caesium?

Hypothesis: Since 1967, the International System of Measurements bases its unit of time, the second, on the properties of caesium atoms.


Premise: What are the different departments of a university called?

Hypothesis: In addition, they plan for the further coordinated growth and development of the various institutions of higher education in the state or country.


Premise: What did Nasser do to respond to Israeli attacks?

Hypothesis: In November, Nasser brokered an agreement between the PLO and the Lebanese military that granted Palestinian guerrillas the right to use Lebanese territory to attack Israel.


Premise: Female dogs are less likely to develop cancer if what happens?

Hypothesis: However, neutering increases the risk of urinary incontinence in female dogs, and prostate cancer in males, as well as osteosarcoma, hemangiosarcoma, cruciate ligament rupture, obesity, and diabetes mellitus in either sex.


Premise: What is central to Chopin's process?

Hypothesis: Rosen suggests that an important aspect of Chopin's individuality is his flexible handling of the four-bar phrase as a structural unit.


Premise: What do some Belgian cities hold during Lent?

Hypothesis: One of the best-known is Stavelot, where the Carnival de la Laetare takes place on Laetare Sunday, the fourth Sunday of Lent.


Premise: How many prefecture-size cities are in the province of Anhui?

Hypothesis: Nanjing borders Yangzhou to the northeast, one town downstream when following the north bank of the Yangtze, Zhenjiang to the east, one town downstream when following the south bank of the Yangtze, and Changzhou to the southeast.


Premise: What was 'high style'?

Hypothesis: — "high style") in favor of grammar and vocabulary found in the spoken language of the time.


Premise: What made digimon different from similar digital pets?

Hypothesis: The V-Pet is similar to its predecessors, with the exceptions of being more difficult and being able to fight other Digimon v-pets.


Premise: What political party has the most members in Oklahoma?

Hypothesis: The percentage of Oklahomans affiliated with Catholicism is half of the national average, while the percentage affiliated with Evangelical Protestantism is more than twice the national average – tied with Arkansas for the largest percentage of any state.


Premise: what mainly opened the great plains for settlement?

Hypothesis: Railroads sold their land at cheap rates to immigrants in expectation they would generate traffic as soon as farms were established.


Premise: What type of programmin relies on vertical polarization?

Hypothesis: The difference in the above factors for the case of θ=0 is the reason that most broadcasting (transmissions intended for the public) uses vertical polarization.


Premise: What was the fastest data transfer rate of the USB 1.0?

Hypothesis: The original USB 1.0 specification, which was introduced in January 1996, defined data transfer rates of 1.5 Mbit/s "Low Speed" and 12 Mbit/s "Full Speed".


Premise: What is the name of the era that predated life on Earth?

Hypothesis: According to one of the researchers, "If life arose relatively quickly on Earth ... then it could be common in the universe."


Premise: How many All-Ireland Championships has Cork won?

Hypothesis: Hurling has a strong identity with city and county – with Cork winning 30 All-Ireland Championships.


Premise: How many male workers were present in Plymouth Dock circa 1712?

Hypothesis: In 1712 there were 318 men employed and by 1733 it had grown to a population of 3,000 people.


Premise: What wild animal was recently found roaming urban areas in Portugal?

Hypothesis: Boars were found recently roaming at night inside large urban areas, like in Setubal.


Premise: On what date was the first TV show seen in the UK?

Hypothesis: Baird Television Ltd. made Britain's first television broadcast, on 30 September 1929 from its studio in Long Acre, London, via the BBC's London transmitter, using the electromechanical system pioneered by John Logie Baird.


Premise: What was Muslim Brotherhood labelled post coup?

Hypothesis: By May 2014, approximately 16,000 people (and as high as more than 40,000 by one independent count), mostly Brotherhood members or supporters, have been imprisoned after the coup  after the Muslim Brotherhood was labelled as terrorist organisation by the post-coup interim Egyptian government.


Premise: what is the Zionist administrartion of the state of Israel seen as according to the judaic way of life?

Hypothesis: Politically, Orthodox Jews, given their variety of movements and affiliations, tend not to conform easily to the standard left-right political spectrum, with one of the key differences between the movements stemming from the groups' attitudes to Zionism.


Premise: What was the first song released off of Kanye's fourth album?

Hypothesis: West had previously experimented with the technology on his debut album The College Dropout for the background vocals of "Jesus Walks" and "Never Let Me Down."


Premise: Who was Marwan I related to?

Hypothesis: When Uthman ibn al-Affan became very old, Marwan I, a relative of Muawiyah I, slipped into the vacuum, became his secretary, slowly assumed more control and relaxed some of these restrictions.


Premise: What are the two former Presbyterian congregations in England?

Hypothesis: these are among the sole survivors today of the English Presbyterian churches of the 17th century.


Premise: What does the pope now wear when naming a new Cardinal?

Hypothesis: Some cardinals will still have a galero made, even though it is not officially part of their apparel.[citation needed]


Premise: After his divorce from Josephine, who did Napoleon marry?

Hypothesis: Empress Joséphine had still not given birth to a child from Napoleon, who became worried about the future of his empire following his death.


Premise: When did RCA release the 45?

Hypothesis: In March 1949, as RCA released the 45, Columbia released several hundred 7 inch 33 1/3 rpm small spindle hole singles.


Premise: How was French president Jacques Chirac described by The Sun?

Hypothesis: Former President Jacques Chirac of France, for instance, was branded "le Worm".


Premise: What did Darwin use to illustrate the way that original species change and adapt into new ones?

Hypothesis: Natural selection was expected to work very slowly in forming new species, but given the effectiveness of artificial selection, he could "see no limit to the amount of change, to the beauty and infinite complexity of the coadaptations between all organic beings, one with another and with their physical conditions of life, which may be effected in the long course of time by nature's power of selection".


Premise: How many diplomatic missions do they have?

Hypothesis: Israel maintains diplomatic relations with 158 countries and has 107 diplomatic missions around the world; countries with whom they have no diplomatic relations include most Muslim countries.


Premise: How much did Zocor reduce the chance of dying from a heart attack?

Hypothesis: After five years, the study concluded the patients saw a 35% reduction in their cholesterol, and their chances of dying of a heart attack were reduced by 42%.


Premise: What happened to Muslims during Holy Roman rule?

Hypothesis: Muslims of Palermo emigrated or were expelled during Holy Roman rule.


Premise: What were both Serbian and Croation standards based on?

Hypothesis: From the very beginning, there were slightly different literary Serbian and Croatian standards, although both were based on the same Shtokavian subdialect, Eastern Herzegovinian.


Premise: When did the Florida land boom occur?

Hypothesis: In 2011, Forbes magazine named Miami the second-most miserable city in the United States due to its high foreclosure rate and past decade of corruption among public officials.


Premise: Where is the external metallic sheet connected?

Hypothesis: The external metallic sheath is typically connected to system ground, thus dissipating damaging static charges.


Premise: Has a level 2 club reached the finals ever?

Hypothesis: In the modern era, non-league teams have never reached the quarter finals, and teams below Level 2 have never reached the final.[note 1]


Premise: Where did most Neptune trojans form?

Hypothesis: Neptune trojans can be viewed as being in a 1:1 resonance with Neptune.


Premise: What personality trait did Feynman acquire from his mother?

Hypothesis: From his mother he gained the sense of humor that he had throughout his life.


Premise: What type of fixtures are used typically used for indoor lighting?

Hypothesis: Indoor lighting is usually accomplished using light fixtures, and is a key part of interior design.


Premise: How did Montini see the nationalism of Poland as a problem?

Hypothesis: Like Achille Ratti before him,[a] he felt confronted with the huge problem, not limited to Poland, of excessive nationalism: "This form of nationalism treats foreigners as enemies, especially foreigners with whom one has common frontiers.


Premise: What rank does Greece hold for the condition of mothers and new born babies?

Hypothesis: In a 2013 Save the Children report, Greece was ranked the 19th best country (out of 176 countries surveyed) for the state of mothers and newborn babies.


Premise: Who authored books on Billboard charts?

Hypothesis: Various American Idol alumni had success on various record charts around the world; in the U.S. they had achieved 345 number ones on the Billboard charts in its first ten years.


Premise: How many of John's known illegitimate children were born after he remarried?

Hypothesis: None of John's known illegitimate children were born after he remarried, and there is no actual documentary proof of adultery after that point, although John certainly had female friends amongst the court throughout the period.


Premise: What is the "quantum of action" called?

Hypothesis: Eventually, following upon Planck's discovery, it was recognized that physical action cannot take on an arbitrary value.


Premise: How many times had Eisenhower been elected to office prior to becoming president?

Hypothesis: Eisenhower was the last president born in the 19th century, and at age 62, was the oldest man elected President since James Buchanan in 1856 (President Truman stood at 64 in 1948 as the incumbent president at the time of his election four years earlier).


Premise: Which theory consist of cultured adopting new practices,ideas, and products?

Hypothesis: Diffusion of innovations theory presents a research-based model of why and when individuals and cultures adopt new ideas, practices, and products.


Premise: Which magazine tied to the post-punk movement lost half of its circulation?

Hypothesis: Emphasizing glamour, fashion, and escapism in distinction to the experimental seriousness of earlier post-punk groups, the club-oriented scene drew some suspicion from denizens of the movement.


Premise: Who is protected by EPA regulations?

Hypothesis: The EPA regulates pesticides to ensure that these products do not pose adverse effects to humans or the environment.


Premise: The first introduction of a quota system mandated that contractors had to do what?

Hypothesis: Ickes prohibited discrimination in hiring for Public Works Administration funded projects and oversaw not only the institution of a quota system, where contractors were required to employ a fixed percentage of Black workers, by Robert C. Weaver and Clark Foreman,:12 but also the equal pay of women proposed by Harry Hopkins.:14FDR's largest contribution to affirmative action, however, lay in his Executive Order 8802 which prohibited discrimination in the defense industry or government.:22


Premise: When was South Tucson reincorporated?

Hypothesis: South Tucson is actually the name of an independent, incorporated town of 1 sq mi (2.6 km2), completely surrounded by the city of Tucson, sitting just south of downtown.


Premise: Who also collaborated in the design of the 75 mm gun?

Hypothesis: Germany's high-altitude needs were originally going to be filled by a 75 mm gun from Krupp, designed in collaboration with their Swedish counterpart Bofors, but the specifications were later amended to require much higher performance.


Premise: About how many days a year in Plymouth are over 77 °F?

Hypothesis: During the winter half of the year, the coldest night will typically fall to −4.1 °C (25 °F) although in January 1979 the temperature fell to −8.8 °C (16 °F).


Premise: WHo succeeded Oleg in 913?

Hypothesis: The Chronicle reports that Prince Igor succeeded Oleg in 913, and after some brief conflicts with the Drevlians and the Pechenegs, a period of peace ensued for over twenty years.


Premise: When was the American Anthropological Association founded?

Hypothesis: One notable exception was the Berlin Society of Anthropology (1869) founded by Rudolph Virchow, known for his vituperative attacks on the evolutionists.


Premise: A clause like "in witness whereof" or "in faith whereof" typically signals what in a treaty?

Hypothesis: If the treaty is executed in multiple copies in different languages, that fact is always noted, and is followed by a stipulation that the versions in different languages are equally authentic.


Premise: What first introduced Neptune and Uranus's names?

Hypothesis: French almanacs quickly reintroduced the name Herschel for Uranus, after that planet's discoverer Sir William Herschel, and Leverrier for the new planet.


Premise: In what year did the Liverpool city council reject Everton FC's new stadium proposal?

Hypothesis: Late in 2004, driven by Liverpool Council and the Northwest Development Corporation, the club entered talks with Liverpool F.C. about sharing a proposed stadium on Stanley Park.


Premise: What kept Captain Cook from getting too close to Antarctica?

Hypothesis: Cook came within about 120 km (75 mi) of the Antarctic coast before retreating in the face of field ice in January 1773.


Premise: When did the Arabs invade Iran?

Hypothesis: Initially defeated by the Arab Rashidun Caliphate, Iran came under the rule of the Arab caliphates of Umayyad and Abbasid.


Premise: Modern elevator position or floor indicaters often use what type of bulbs?

Hypothesis: In addition to the call buttons, elevators usually have floor indicators (often illuminated by LED) and direction lanterns.


Premise: What does a dog represent in the Christian culture?

Hypothesis: In Christianity, dogs represent faithfulness.


Premise: How many continents did Laurasia break into?

Hypothesis: Supercontinent Laurasia had not yet separated into three continents.


Premise: What was given in exchange of signing the document?

Hypothesis: In an acknowledgment of the weakness of building codes in the countryside, the National Development and Reform Commission said on May 27 that it had drafted an amendment to improve construction standards for primary and middle schools in rural areas.


Premise: When did Aryabhata live?

Hypothesis: In 628 AD, Brahmagupta suggested that gravity was a force of attraction.


Premise: Where do the superior artists and scientists of Mexico City have the option to attend?

Hypothesis: Members are obligated to publicly disclose their works through conferences and public events such as concerts and recitals.


Premise: What do people in high villages build their homes according to?

Hypothesis: In the high villages people live in homes built according to medieval designs that withstand cold winters.


Premise: What year was the Oakland Growth Study initiated?

Hypothesis: The studies looked at human development during the Great Depression and World War II, unique historical circumstances under which a generation of children grew up.


Premise: Which property tycoon inherited the property in the late 17th century?

Hypothesis: Various owners leased it from royal landlords and the freehold was the subject of frenzied speculation during the 17th century.


Premise: Who resolved the problem of adequate axiomatization of set theory?

Hypothesis: Zermelo–Fraenkel set theory provided a series of principles that allowed for the construction of the sets used in the everyday practice of mathematics.


Premise: What is Madonna's second album?

Hypothesis: Her second album, Like a Virgin (1984), foreshadowed several trends in her later works.


Premise: The Slavs appeared on whose borders around the 6th century?

Hypothesis: By the end of the 6th century, Slavs had settled the Eastern Alps regions.


Premise: Which Pali District temple is dedicated to Lord Adinath?

Hypothesis: Jaipur, the Pink City, is noted for the ancient houses made of a type of sandstone dominated by a pink hue.


Premise: On what date did the first election for President of the RSFSR occur?

Hypothesis: On March 17, 1991, an all-Russian referendum created the post of President of the RSFSR.


Premise: Who was the son of Philip of Macedon?

Hypothesis: Greece was first unified under Philip of Macedon in the fourth century BC.


Premise: What other Church shares the Roman Catholic view on Protestant churches?

Hypothesis: The view of the Roman Catholic Church is that Protestant denominations cannot be considered churches but rather that they are ecclesial communities or specific faith-believing communities because their ordinances and doctrines are not historically the same as the Catholic sacraments and dogmas, and the Protestant communities have no sacramental ministerial priesthood and therefore lack true apostolic succession.


Premise: What is green the color of in the Eastern Catholic Church?

Hypothesis: In the Eastern Catholic Church, green is the color of Pentecost.


Premise: What does thermal mass reduce the need for?

Hypothesis: When properly incorporated, thermal mass maintains space temperatures in a comfortable range and reduces the need for auxiliary heating and cooling equipment.


Premise: What happens when an alloy is mixed with a molten base?

Hypothesis: The other constituents may or may not be metals but, when mixed with the molten base, they will be soluble, dissolving into the mixture.


Premise: What was the impact of the war on the wealth of Austria?

Hypothesis: The war also proved that Maria Theresa's reforms were still not enough to compete with Prussia: unlike its enemy, the Austrians went almost bankrupt at the end of war.


Premise: During that 18th century period, literature began to be applied how?

Hypothesis: A more restricted sense of the term emerged during the Romantic period, in which it began to demarcate "imaginative" literature.


Premise: What was his assigned punishment ?

Hypothesis: Liu’s family was later told that he was being investigated on suspicion of the crime of inciting subversion.


Premise: Who is Northwestern's faculty member notable for winning a Pulitzer Prize?

Hypothesis: The university employs 3,401 full-time faculty members across its eleven schools, including 18 members of the National Academy of Sciences, 65 members of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, 19 members of the National Academy of Engineering, and 6 members of the Institute of Medicine.


Premise: What are the causes of the Franco-Prussian War deeply rooted in?

Hypothesis: The causes of the Franco-Prussian War are deeply rooted in the events surrounding the unification of Germany.


Premise: What year was it incorporated?

Hypothesis: Raleigh is an early example in the United States of a planned city, chosen as the site of the state capital in 1788 and incorporated in 1792 as such.


Premise: How much was Madonna's nude photos were finally sold for?

Hypothesis: The photographs were ultimately sold for up to $100,000.


Premise: By what method do humans often try to control the spread of insects?

Hypothesis: Insect pollinators are essential to the life-cycle of many flowering plant species on which most organisms, including humans, are at least partly dependent; without them, the terrestrial portion of the biosphere (including humans) would be devastated.


Premise: When was the last time the Chicago Cubs win a World Series championship?

Hypothesis: In fact, the Cubs' last World Series title occurred before those other three leagues even existed, and even the Cubs' last World Series appearance predates the founding of the NBA.


Premise: What alternative colors does the Red Cross use in certain parts of Africa?

Hypothesis: Like most Central African cultures, the Ndembu see red as ambivalent, better than black but not as good as white.


Premise: What made identifying House leadership difficult?

Hypothesis: The Democratic minority from 1861 to 1875 was so completely disorganized that they did not "nominate a candidate for Speaker in two of these seven Congresses and nominated no man more than once in the other five.


Premise: Which Swiss victory in 1499 amounted to de facto independence within the Holy Roman Empire?

Hypothesis: By 1460, the confederates controlled most of the territory south and west of the Rhine to the Alps and the Jura mountains, particularly after victories against the Habsburgs (Battle of Sempach, Battle of Näfels), over Charles the Bold of Burgundy during the 1470s, and the success of the Swiss mercenaries.


Premise: What areas of interpretative oversight does the supreme court have?

Hypothesis: Also, the ordinary courts in the Netherlands, including the Hoge Raad, do not deal with administrative law, which is dealt with in separate administrative courts, the highest of which is the Council of State (Raad van State)


Premise: What type of language is French considered to be?

Hypothesis: Although surviving Latin literature consists almost entirely of Classical Latin, an artificial and highly stylised and polished literary language from the 1st century BC, the actual spoken language was Vulgar Latin, which significantly differed from Classical Latin in grammar, vocabulary, and eventually pronunciation.


Premise: What is causing the salination of the Werra river?

Hypothesis: The condition of forests, rivers and air was improved by modernizing factories, houses (decline of coal heating) and cars, and contaminated areas such as the former Uranium surface mines around Ronneburg have been remediated.


Premise: How does Seattle compare in church attendance to the rest oF the US?

Hypothesis: Like much of the Pacific Northwest (which has the lowest rate of church attendance in the United States and consistently reports the highest percentage of atheism), church attendance, religious belief, and political influence of religious leaders are much lower than in other parts of America.


Premise: Which religious societies instigated the Yellow Turban Rebellion?

Hypothesis: Imperial authority was also seriously challenged by large Daoist religious societies which instigated the Yellow Turban Rebellion and the Five Pecks of Rice Rebellion.


Premise: In what year did a proposal to expand light rail service to Portsmouth and Gosport fail?

Hypothesis: Plans were announced by Hampshire County Council in July 2009 for the introduction of tram-train running from Hythe (on what is now a freight-only line to Fawley) via Totton to Southampton Central Station and on to Fareham via St. Denys, and Swanwick.


Premise: Lieberman and Jackson suggest authors of some studies use the term race in what ways?

Hypothesis: They suggest that the authors of these studies find support for racial distinctions only because they began by assuming the validity of race.


Premise: In what year was Richmond's First Baptist Church founded?

Hypothesis: Methodists and Baptists made up another section of early churches, and First Baptist Church of Richmond was the first of these, established in 1780.


Premise: What was Everton Football Club called after winning the 1995 FA Cup?

Hypothesis: When David Moyes arrived as manager he proclaimed Everton as "The People's Club", which has been adopted as a semi-official club nickname.


Premise: How many people attended the Freddie Mercury Tribute Concert?

Hypothesis: On 20 April 1992, The Freddie Mercury Tribute Concert was held at London's Wembley Stadium to a 72,000-strong crowd.


Premise: What is one advantage of using an H.323 technique?

Hypothesis: The advantages of this technique are that the video and audio will generally be of higher quality because they don't have to be relayed through a central point.


Premise: Of what were the Satavahanas patrons?

Hypothesis: The Sātavāhanas were one of the first Indian states to issue coins struck with their rulers embossed.


Premise: What type of material is used to make CDs?

Hypothesis: The time it takes to "stamp" one CD is usually two to three seconds.


Premise: What percentage of electricity was produced with local oil shale in 2011?

Hypothesis: Alternative energy sources such as wood, peat, and biomass make up approximately 9% of primary energy production.


Premise: What era is attributed to the findings of enormous fossilized dragonflies with extremely long wingspans?

Hypothesis: Fossilized insects of enormous size have been found from the Paleozoic Era, including giant dragonflies with wingspans of 55 to 70 cm (22–28 in).


Premise: When did Kanye West annouce his Pastelle Clothing line?

Hypothesis: In September 2005, West announced that he would release his Pastelle Clothing line in spring 2006, claiming "Now that I have a Grammy under my belt and Late Registration is finished, I am ready to launch my clothing line next spring.


Premise: For what publisher to Debussy edit Chopin's music for?

Hypothesis: Two of Chopin's long-standing pupils, Karol Mikuli (1821–1897) and Georges Mathias, were themselves piano teachers and passed on details of his playing to their own students, some of whom (such as Raoul Koczalski) were to make recordings of his music.


Premise: Where is there nothing like this non-state speech community?

Hypothesis: There is no parallel in Europe of such a large, bilingual, non-state speech community.


Premise: What is the operational ceiling of the Beaufighter?

Hypothesis: It was the first air victory for the airborne radar.


Premise: How many times has the Greek national basketball team won the European championship?

Hypothesis: After the 2005 European Championship triumph of the Greek national basketball team, Greece became the reigning European Champion in both football and basketball.


Premise: Which neighbors did Halych develop trade relations with?

Hypothesis: To the southwest, the principality of Halych had developed trade relations with its Polish, Hungarian and Lithuanian neighbours and emerged as the local successor to Kievan Rus'.


Premise: What was the percentage of Turks in the Cyprus population?

Hypothesis: The UK retained the two Sovereign Base Areas of Akrotiri and Dhekelia, while government posts and public offices were allocated by ethnic quotas, giving the minority Turkish Cypriots a permanent veto, 30% in parliament and administration, and granting the three mother-states guarantor rights.


Premise: What famous soccer player played for the New York Cosmos?

Hypothesis: In soccer, New York City is represented by New York City FC of Major League Soccer, who play their home games at Yankee Stadium.


Premise: How many main emotions exist in Plutchik's theory?

Hypothesis: Robert Plutchik agreed with Ekman's biologically driven perspective but developed the "wheel of emotions", suggesting eight primary emotions grouped on a positive or negative basis: joy versus sadness; anger versus fear; trust versus disgust; and surprise versus anticipation.


Premise: Artaxian coins called some Armenian kings what?

Hypothesis: Cleopatra, the wife of Tigranes the Great, invited Greeks such as the rhetor Amphicrates and the historian Metrodorus of Scepsis to the Armenian court, and - according to Plutarch - when the Roman general Lucullus seized the Armenian capital Tigranocerta, he found a troupe of Greek actors who had arrived to perform plays for Tigranes.


Premise: What type of policy is considered by some to be responsible for Rome's many military conflicts?

Hypothesis: While they can be seen as motivated by outright aggression and imperialism, historians typically take a much more nuanced view.


Premise: What was causing the confusion and incompatibility of the code points?

Hypothesis: From early in its development, ASCII was intended to be just one of several national variants of an international character code standard, ultimately published as ISO/IEC 646 (1972), which would share most characters in common but assign other locally useful characters to several code points reserved for "national use."


Premise: Where is Brigham Young University?

Hypothesis: It is owned and operated by The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church), and, excluding online students, is the largest of any religious university and the third largest private university in the United States, with 29,672 on-campus students.


Premise: When did Minas Gerais get a cavalry regiment?

Hypothesis: He also created a Royal Police Guard for Rio de Janeiro in 1809.


Premise: How many states were ruled by myriarchies?

Hypothesis: Kublai also made Drogön Chögyal Phagpa the director of the government agency known as the Bureau of Buddhist and Tibetan Affairs and the ruling priest-king of Tibet, which comprised thirteen different states ruled by myriarchies.


Premise: How much of the Bronx was non-Hispanic white as of 2009?

Hypothesis: According to the 2009 American Community Survey, White Americans of both Hispanic and non-Hispanic origin represented over one-fifth (22.9%) of the Bronx's population.