Premise: Who led the Sixth Army?

Hypothesis: With heavy air support, Army units pushed inland, taking Clark Field, 40 miles (64 km) northwest of Manila, in the last week of January.


Premise: What is increased in male dogs with neutering?

Hypothesis: However, neutering increases the risk of urinary incontinence in female dogs, and prostate cancer in males, as well as osteosarcoma, hemangiosarcoma, cruciate ligament rupture, obesity, and diabetes mellitus in either sex.


Premise: What is a common use for zinc chloride?

Hypothesis: A variety of zinc compounds are commonly used, such as zinc carbonate and zinc gluconate (as dietary supplements), zinc chloride (in deodorants), zinc pyrithione (anti-dandruff shampoos), zinc sulfide (in luminescent paints), and zinc methyl or zinc diethyl in the organic laboratory.


Premise: Where is there a growing presence of Theravada?

Hypothesis: It has a growing presence in the west.


Premise: How many plant species are close to extinction?

Hypothesis: This figure indicates unsustainable ecological practices, because few species emerge each year.[citation needed]


Premise: What does Oklahoma spend per student in public schools as of 2008?

Hypothesis: Oklahoma has the highest enrollment of Native American students in the nation with 126,078 students in the 2009-10 school year.


Premise: Who did Bell ask to get a patent in Britain?

Hypothesis: Since he had agreed to share U.S. profits with his investors Gardiner Hubbard and Thomas Sanders, Bell requested that an associate in Ontario, George Brown, attempt to patent it in Britain, instructing his lawyers to apply for a patent in the U.S. only after they received word from Britain (Britain would issue patents only for discoveries not previously patented elsewhere).


Premise: What tempers the Florida Climate

Hypothesis: North of Lake Okeechobee, the prevalent climate is humid subtropical (Köppen: Cfa), while areas south of the lake (including the Florida Keys) have a true tropical climate (Köppen: Aw).


Premise: What is the estimated total cost of the Chinook helicopter project?

Hypothesis: The MoD has been criticised for an ongoing fiasco, having spent £240m on eight Chinook HC3 helicopters which only started to enter service in 2010, years after they were ordered in 1995 and delivered in 2001.


Premise: What type of mountains compose the Cascades?

Hypothesis: The Cascades consist of largely intermittent, volcanic mountains, many rising prominently from the surrounding landscape.


Premise: After a flood in what year did Hyderabad expand?

Hypothesis: In 2012, the government of India declared Hyderabad the first "Best heritage city of India".


Premise: Who united the two previously separated principalities?

Hypothesis: In 1199, Prince Roman Mstislavich united the two previously separate principalities.


Premise: What was Pickford's group lacking to make it more like other research schools?

Hypothesis: Pickford's group was successful in spite of her lack of departmental or institutional position or power.


Premise: Which University did research of cultural studies take place under CCCS?

Hypothesis: This emerges in the writings of early British cultural-studies scholars and their influences: see the work of (for example)


Premise: How long had Atlantic City held a monopoly on casino gambling?

Hypothesis: With casino revenue declining from $5.2 billion in 2006 to $2.9 billion in 2013, the state saw a drop in money from its 8% tax on those earnings, which is used to fund programs for senior citizens and the disabled.


Premise: From where does Serbo-Croatian derive its grammar?

Hypothesis: It can be written in Serbian Cyrillic or Gaj's Latin alphabet, whose thirty letters mutually map one-to-one, and the orthography is highly phonemic in all standards.


Premise: When was the central body of the Grand Orient de France reconstituted?

Hypothesis: His successor, the Duke of Orléans, reconstituted the central body as the Grand Orient de France in 1773.


Premise: What other city merged with Southampton after the 2001 census?

Hypothesis: In the 2001 census Southampton and Portsmouth were recorded as being parts of separate urban areas, however by the time of the 2011 census they had merged to become the sixth largest built-up area in England with a population of 855,569.


Premise: Other than in Hanover, where else can you find a Blind Man Museum?

Hypothesis: The Blind Man Museum is a rarity in Germany, another one is only in Berlin.


Premise: Melbourne has sustained the highest population increase and economic growth rate in any Australian city according to what organization?

Hypothesis: Since the mid-1990s, Melbourne has maintained significant population and employment growth.


Premise: How many people did Ireland lose to the potato blight?

Hypothesis: The story that she donated only £5 in aid to the Irish, and on the same day gave the same amount to Battersea Dogs Home, was a myth generated towards the end of the 19th century.


Premise: How can showing the second equality yields the first prove the concept of isomorphic groups?

Hypothesis: From an abstract point of view, isomorphic groups carry the same information.


Premise: How often does Namibia conduct a census?

Hypothesis: Namibia conducts a census every ten years.


Premise: Which parts of the city of Detroit are densely populated?

Hypothesis: There were 49,982 housing units at an average density of 1,748.0 per square mile (675.0/km²), making it less densely populated than inner-ring Detroit suburbs like Oak Park and Ferndale (and than Detroit proper), but more densely populated than outer-ring suburbs like Livonia or Troy.


Premise: Where is the medieval St. Bartholomew Chapel located?

Hypothesis: In Germany, the medieval St. Bartholomew's chapel was built on the south side of the Königssee, accessible only by boat or by climbing over the abutting peaks.


Premise: In what year was a group of independent schools found guilty of price-sharing?

Hypothesis: In 2005, the Office of Fair Trading found fifty independent schools, including Eton, to have breached the Competition Act by "regularly and systematically" exchanging information about planned increases in school fees, which was collated and distributed among the schools by the bursar at Sevenoaks School.


Premise: What term did Microsoft give to its exception privilige for web browsing?

Hypothesis: The user's default browser can distribute a Metro-style web browser in same package as the desktop version, which has access to functionality unavailable to other apps, such as being able to permanently run in the background, use multiple background processes, and use Windows API code instead of WinRT (allowing for code to be re-used with the desktop version, while still taking advantage of features available to Windows Store apps, such as charms).


Premise: What kind of bacteria can form interspecies hydrogen transfer?

Hypothesis: Only the intimate association with the hydrogen-consuming Archaea keeps the hydrogen concentration low enough to allow the bacteria to grow.


Premise: Whose rise to power motivated Popper to publish his work in hopes of obtaining an academic position abroad?

Hypothesis: Fearing the rise of Nazism and the threat of the Anschluss, he started to use the evenings and the nights to write his first book Die beiden Grundprobleme der Erkenntnistheorie (The Two Fundamental Problems of the Theory of Knowledge).


Premise: What can citizens use to introduce amendments to the federal constitution?

Hypothesis: When both houses are in joint session, they are known collectively as the Federal Assembly.


Premise: In 1950, what country got involved in the war?

Hypothesis: At this point, in October 1950, Chinese forces crossed the Yalu and entered the war.


Premise: Who was the architect that design the New Haven Free Public Library?

Hypothesis: The Yale School of Architecture has fostered this important component of the city's economy.


Premise: Parque Rodo was originally conceived as what?

Hypothesis: The park was conceived as a French-style city park.


Premise: When did the Korean War end?

Hypothesis: The war arose from the division of Korea at the end of World War II and from the global tensions of the Cold War that developed immediately afterwards.


Premise: What is a feature of sweatshops beyond lack of benefits and representation?

Hypothesis: Though mechanization transformed most aspects of human industry by the mid-20th century, garment workers have continued to labor under challenging conditions that demand repetitive manual labor.


Premise: Beyonce's first child is named what?

Hypothesis: Five months later, she performed for four nights at Revel Atlantic City's Ovation Hall to celebrate the resort's opening, her first performances since giving birth to Blue Ivy.


Premise: Who was incorrctly quoted in saying "The Battle of Waterloo was won on the playing-fields of Eton"?

Hypothesis: According to Nevill (citing the historian Sir Edward Creasy), what Wellington said, while passing an Eton cricket match many decades later, was, "There grows the stuff that won Waterloo", a remark Nevill construes as a reference to "the manly character induced by games and sport" amongst English youth generally, not a comment about Eton specifically.


Premise: Advances in what construction trade helped to increase global navigation?

Hypothesis: The compass, along with other innovations such as the cross-staff, the mariner's astrolabe, and advances in shipbuilding, enabled the navigation of the World Oceans, and the early phases of colonialism.


Premise: In what year did the supreme court determine that delegating powers by congress was unconstitutional?

Hypothesis: It was not until the 1930s that the Supreme Court held a delegation of authority unconstitutional.


Premise: Which theology did everyone agree science was a part of in the 19th century?

Hypothesis: There was growing support for such ideas among dissident anatomists and the general public, but during the first half of the 19th century the English scientific establishment was closely tied to the Church of England, while science was part of natural theology.


Premise: Who rules with Jesus Christ in heaven according to Jehovah Witnesses?

Hypothesis: Jehovah's Witnesses believe that God's kingdom is a literal government in heaven, ruled by Jesus Christ and 144,000 "spirit-anointed" Christians drawn from the earth, which they associate with Jesus' reference to a "new covenant".


Premise: What were the net profit margins of IBM in 2004?

Hypothesis: IBM's operating margin expanded from 16.8% in 2004 to 24.3% in 2013, and net profit margins expanded from 9.0% in 2004 to 16.5% in 2013.


Premise: On what date did the Eastern Han dynasty begin?

Hypothesis: The Eastern Han, also known as the Later Han, formally began on 5 August 25, when Liu Xiu became Emperor Guangwu of Han.


Premise: What was the per capita income for the city?

Hypothesis: The median income for a household in the city was $26,969, and the median income for a family was $31,997.


Premise: What is the move called where all limbs are incapicitated?

Hypothesis: A wrestler may voluntarily submit by verbally informing the referee (usually used in moves such as the Mexican Surfboard, where all four limbs are incapacitated, making tapping impossible).


Premise: When was the last expansion of Les Corts?

Hypothesis: This led to several expansion projects: the grandstand in 1944, the southern stand in 1946, and finally the northern stand in 1950.


Premise: What happened in 1975-1982?

Hypothesis: There is no parallel in Europe of such a large, bilingual, non-state speech community.


Premise: What was the Manchu Han Imperial Feast?

Hypothesis: Although this banquet was probably never common, it reflected an appreciation by Han Chinese for Manchu culinary customs.


Premise: Serialization of comics became less popular when?

Hypothesis: Smaller publishers such as L'Association that published longer works in non-traditional formats by auteur-istic creators also became common.


Premise: What did the big and small Schanze protect?

Hypothesis: It was, in turn, succeeded by the Christoffelturm (formerly located close to the site of the modern-day railway station) until 1622.


Premise: How much of a decrease in sales have Windows devices experienced?

Hypothesis: The market research firm IDC reported an overall drop in PC sales for the quarter, and said the drop may have been partly due to consumer reluctance to embrace the new features of the OS and poor support from OEM for these features.


Premise: What year should the streetcar become operable?

Hypothesis: modern streetcar in downtown Oklahoma City and the establishment of a transit hub.


Premise: How much of Charleston is covered by water?

Hypothesis: According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 127.5 square miles (330.2 km2), of which 109.0 square miles (282.2 km2) is land and 18.5 square miles (47.9 km2) is covered by water.


Premise: What is the Tibetan goverment referred to as?

Hypothesis: With Güshi Khan as a largely uninvolved overlord, the 5th Dalai Lama and his intimates established a civil administration which is referred to by historians as the Lhasa state.


Premise: With what method is royal assent generally granted?

Hypothesis: However, royal assent is usually granted less ceremonially by letters patent.


Premise: Where is the Christian Brothers of Ireland Stella Maris College located?

Hypothesis: The Christian Brothers of Ireland Stella Maris College is a private, co-educational, not-for-profit Catholic school located in the wealthy residential southeastern neighbourhood of Carrasco.


Premise: What is the term for the amount of uranium-235 needed to sustain a nuclear chain reaction?

Hypothesis: The concentration and amount of uranium-235 needed to achieve this is called a 'critical mass'.


Premise: Who described the process of making verdigris in ancient times?

Hypothesis: The process of making verdigris was described in ancient times by Pliny.


Premise: What major event did The Times reluctantly support in the nineteenth century despite being initially opposed?

Hypothesis: During the American Civil War, The Times represented the view of the wealthy classes, favouring the secessionists, but it was not a supporter of slavery.


Premise: What historical significance can the book The History of Mary Prince claim?

Hypothesis: It is thought to have contributed to the abolition of slavery in the British Empire.


Premise: What did the Augustan settlement signify in Rome's classes?

Hypothesis: The Augustan settlement built upon a cultural shift in Roman society.


Premise: What was the name of the group that once utilized West Rock as a hideout, known colloquially as "The Three Judges?"

Hypothesis: East Rock features the prominent Soldiers and Sailors war monument on its peak as well as the "Great/Giant Steps" which run up the rock's cliffside.


Premise: In what year did Fascist Italy achieve full control of Somalia?

Hypothesis: Italy similarly faced the same opposition from Somali Sultans and armies and did not acquire full control of parts of modern Somalia until the Fascist era in late 1927.


Premise: How do New York, Illinois and California maintain civil procedure laws?

Hypothesis: Furthermore, all three states continue to maintain most of their civil procedure laws in the form of codified statutes enacted by the state legislature, as opposed to court rules promulgated by the state supreme court, on the ground that the latter are undemocratic.


Premise: When were anti-miscegenation laws passed?

Hypothesis: White legislators passed laws prohibiting marriage between European and Asian Americans until the 1950s.


Premise: What ancient civilization did Harold Innis use as an example of his theory?

Hypothesis: His famous example of this is using ancient Egypt and looking at the ways they built themselves out of media with very different properties stone and papyrus.


Premise: When did Wordsworth initially attack Burke?

Hypothesis: William Wordsworth was originally a supporter of the French Revolution and attacked Burke in 'A Letter to the Bishop of Llandaff' (1793), but by the early nineteenth century he had changed his mind and came to admire Burke.


Premise: Which type of craft were two astronauts to fly in during Zond?

Hypothesis: Chelomey gained favor with Khruschev by employing members of his family.


Premise: When were Israelis evacuated from Gaza Strip?

Hypothesis: Approximately 7,800 Israelis lived in settlements in the Gaza Strip, until they were evacuated by the government as part of its 2005 disengagement plan.


Premise: Who did Bradley sell salt water taffy to for the first time?

Hypothesis: Bradley's mother was in the back of the store when the sale was made, and loved the name, and so salt water taffy was born.


Premise: What type of music is Richard Hagopian famous for?

Hypothesis: Certain Armenians settled to sing non-Armenian tunes such as the heavy metal band System of a Down (which nonetheless often incorporates traditional Armenian instrumentals and styling into their songs) or pop star Cher.


Premise: What is the origin of the Spanish word teja?

Hypothesis: However, the Arabic element in Spanish is generally much more prevalent.


Premise: What was the name of the song that the Everton Football Club released in 1986?

Hypothesis: When the club next reached the 2009 FA Cup Final, the tradition had passed into history and no song was released.


Premise: What kind of plants did monasteries cultivate?

Hypothesis: Botany originated in prehistory as herbalism with the efforts of early humans to identify – and later cultivate – edible, medicinal and poisonous plants, making it one of the oldest branches of science.


Premise: How is royal assent currently granted in the Isle of Man?

Hypothesis: After 1765, royal assent was at first signified by letter from the Secretary of State to the governor; but, during the British Regency, the practice began of granting royal assent by Order in Council, which continues to this day, though limited to exceptional cases since 1981.


Premise: What did the partitioning of the Otto Empire bring about?

Hypothesis: The partitioning brought the creation of the modern Arab world and the Republic of Turkey.


Premise: What law enforces digital rights management systems?

Hypothesis: The electronic age has seen an increase in the attempt to use software-based digital rights management tools to restrict the copying and use of digitally based works.


Premise: As of 2014, how many Somalis lived in Sweden?

Hypothesis: While the distribution of Somalis per country in Europe is hard to measure because the Somali community on the continent has grown so quickly in recent years, an official 2010 estimate reported 108,000 Somalis living in the United Kingdom.


Premise: When did Gregory the Great become pope?

Hypothesis: The register, or archived copies of the letters, of Pope Gregory the Great (pope 590–604) survived, and of those more than 850 letters, the vast majority were concerned with affairs in Italy or Constantinople.


Premise: To hounour the armistice, Bismarck allowed train loads of what into Paris?

Hypothesis: The Prussian Army, under the terms of the armistice, held a brief victory parade in Paris on 17 February; the city was silent and draped with black and the Germans quickly withdrew.


Premise: To whom did Queen Victoria lament that marriage was a shocking alternative to her mother's prescence?

Hypothesis: When Victoria complained to Melbourne that her mother's close proximity promised "torment for many years", Melbourne sympathised but said it could be avoided by marriage, which Victoria called a "schocking  [sic] alternative".


Premise: What agency failed to stem the tide of toxic mortgages contributing to the financial crisis of 2007?

Hypothesis: It concluded that "the crisis was avoidable and was caused by: widespread failures in financial regulation, including the Federal Reserve’s failure to stem the tide of toxic mortgages; dramatic breakdowns in corporate governance including too many financial firms acting recklessly and taking on too much risk; an explosive mix of excessive borrowing and risk by households and Wall Street that put the financial system on a collision course with crisis; key policy makers ill prepared for the crisis, lacking a full understanding of the financial system they oversaw; and systemic breaches in accountability and ethics at all levels".


Premise: Who wrote about a Chopin 1841 recital?

Hypothesis: In 1841, Léon Escudier wrote of a recital given by Chopin that year, "One may say that Chopin is the creator of a school of piano and a school of composition.


Premise: What writer fused humanism with the Dominican Order teachings?

Hypothesis: It struggled against pagan tendencies in Renaissance humanism, in Italy through Dominici and Savonarola, in Germany through the theologians of Cologne but it also furnished humanism with such advanced writers as Francesco Colonna (probably the writer of the Hypnerotomachia Poliphili) and Matteo Bandello.


Premise: The current in non-radio communication had to go through what type of component?

Hypothesis: Music emerging from a record player was used via suitable electronics to modulate the forward current of a GaAs diode.


Premise: Besides a referee interfering, when else is play stopped?

Hypothesis: In game play, players attempt to create goal-scoring opportunities through individual control of the ball, such as by dribbling, passing the ball to a team-mate, and by taking shots at the goal, which is guarded by the opposing goalkeeper.


Premise: What was the state-led systematic persecution and genocide of European Jews and other minority groups?

Hypothesis: The Holocaust—the state-led systematic persecution and genocide of European Jews (and certain communities of North African Jews in European controlled North Africa) and other minority groups of Europe during World War II by Germany and its collaborators remains the most notable modern-day persecution of Jews.


Premise: How were AA defenses improved?

Hypothesis: The difference this made to the effectiveness of air defences is questionable.


Premise: Humans in the Balkans have been dated to what year?

Hypothesis: The earliest evidence of the presence of human ancestors in the southern Balkans, dated to 270,000 BC, is to be found in the Petralona cave, in the Greek province of Macedonia.


Premise: What city made owing dogs illegal in 2015?

Hypothesis: Islamic activists in Lérida, Spain, lobbied for dogs to be kept out of Muslim neighborhoods, saying their presence violated Muslims' religious freedom.


Premise: Who was responsible for getting BYU acknowledged as an official university?

Hypothesis: Franklin S. Harris was appointed the university's president in 1921.


Premise: Beyonce's childhood home believed in what religion?

Hypothesis: Beyoncé's younger sister Solange is also a singer and a former member of Destiny's Child.


Premise: What is reinvent the toilet trying to develop

Hypothesis: The aim of the "Omni Processor" is to convert excreta (for example fecal sludge) into beneficial products such as energy and soil nutrients with the potential to develop local business and revenue.


Premise: How many religious proclamations did Madison issue while President?

Hypothesis: Jefferson refused to issue Proclamations of Thanksgiving sent to him by Congress during his presidency, though he did issue a Thanksgiving and Prayer proclamation as Governor of Virginia.


Premise: What part of the leaf in a plant takes in carbon dioxide and releases oxygen?

Hypothesis: In the leaves, stomata open to take in carbon dioxide and expel oxygen.


Premise: What was the result in the decline in sea level in the middle of the Carboniferous period?

Hypothesis: A global drop in sea level at the end of the Devonian reversed early in the Carboniferous; this created the widespread epicontinental seas and carbonate deposition of the Mississippian.


Premise: Hipparchus measured the precession of what?

Hypothesis: Astronomers like Hipparchus (c. 190 – c. 120 BC) built upon the measurements of the Babylonian astronomers before him, to measure the precession of the Earth.


Premise: What village did Jesus come from?

Hypothesis: The term for a Christian in Hebrew is נוּצְרי (Notzri—"Nazarene"), a Talmudic term originally derived from the fact that Jesus came from the Galilean village of Nazareth, today in northern Israel.


Premise: What did Joseph Lister prove?

Hypothesis: However, Semmelweis' findings were not appreciated by his contemporaries and came into use only with discoveries by British surgeon Joseph Lister, who in 1865 proved the principles of antisepsis.


Premise: When did Basil I's rule begin?

Hypothesis: In Eastern Europe, Byzantium revived its fortunes under Emperor Basil I (r. 867–886) and his successors Leo VI (r. 886–912) and Constantine VII (r. 913–959), members of the Macedonian dynasty.


Premise: what is shanghai jiaotong rated

Hypothesis: According to Shanghai Jiaotong University's university ranking in 2014 it is the 57th best university in the world.


Premise: When might an individual experience shortness of breath?

Hypothesis: These symptoms are likely induced by a massive surge of catecholamines from the sympathetic nervous system, which occurs in response to pain and the blood flow abnormalities that result from dysfunction of the heart muscle.


Premise: How many different worlds or realities did Popper differentiate in Objective Knowledge?

Hypothesis: He proposed three worlds: World One, being the physical world, or physical states; World Two, being the world of mind, or mental states, ideas, and perceptions; and World Three, being the body of human knowledge expressed in its manifold forms, or the products of the second world made manifest in the materials of the first world (i.e., books, papers, paintings, symphonies, and all the products of the human mind).


Premise: When did Philadelphia host the Constitutional Convention?

Hypothesis: The city hosted the First Continental Congress before the American Revolutionary War; the Second Continental Congress, which signed the United States Declaration of Independence, during the war; and the Constitutional Convention (1787) after the war.


Premise: What are sulfonyureas commonly used for?

Hypothesis: crop protection chemical was typically applied, while sulfonylureates allow as little as 1% as much material to achieve the same effect.


Premise: Why were the lands in the region the Sumerian people settled fertile?

Hypothesis: The Sumerian people who settled here farmed the lands in this region that were made fertile by silt deposited by the Tigris and the Euphrates rivers.


Premise: How many high tide peaks does Southampton Water get?

Hypothesis: In this area the general water flow is distorted by more local conditions reaching across to France.


Premise: Along with k and z, what Latin letter was not used in Old English?

Hypothesis: The Latin alphabet of the time still lacked the letters ⟨j⟩ and ⟨w⟩, and there was no ⟨v⟩ as distinct from ⟨u⟩; moreover native Old English spellings did not use ⟨k⟩, ⟨q⟩ or ⟨z⟩.


Premise: What year did the Cubs win the NL pennant?

Hypothesis: Near the end of the first decade of the double-Bills' guidance, the Cubs won the NL pennant in 1929 and then achieved the unusual feat of winning a pennant every three years, following up the 1929 flag with league titles in 1932, 1935, and 1938.


Premise: Jehovah Witnesses will allow what in the event of extreme physical abuse or absolute endangerment of spirituality?

Hypothesis: If a divorce is obtained for any other reason, remarriage is considered adulterous unless the prior spouse has died or is since considered to have committed sexual immorality.


Premise: How large is the Alvorada?

Hypothesis: The building has an area of 7,000 m2 with three floors consisting of the basement, landing, and second floor.


Premise: How old was Schwarzenegger when he moved to the U.S.?

Hypothesis: In 1970, at age 23, he captured his first Mr. Olympia title in New York, and would go on to win the title a total of seven times.


Premise: What prize was awarded to the winning amateur dirctor film at the 2013 Sundance Film Festival?

Hypothesis: The winning amateur director film, The Cyborg Foundation, was awarded a US$100,000 prize at the 2013 at Sundance Film Festival.[citation needed]


Premise: How much money has all of Steven Spielberg's movies grossed worldwide?

Hypothesis: He has been associated with composer John Williams since 1974, who composed music for all save five of Spielberg's feature films.


Premise: What is an example of the body's ability to maintain homeostasis being overwhelmed?

Hypothesis: In any case, analogous to the way modern man-made pollution may possess the potential to overwhelm the environment's ability to maintain homeostasis, the recent explosive introduction of high glycemic index and processed foods into the human diet may possess the potential to overwhelm the body's ability to maintain homeostasis and health (as evidenced by the metabolic syndrome epidemic).


Premise: From what city did Aeneas bring the lares cult?

Hypothesis: In Vergil's Aeneid, Aeneas brought the Trojan cult of the lares and penates from Troy, along with the Palladium which was later installed in the temple of Vesta.


Premise: Some devices such as an external hard and optical disk drive can use what?

Hypothesis: This is common for external hard and optical disc drives, and generally for devices with motors or lamps.


Premise: What does Darwin do to show that his theory can support many theories that could not be explained by individual creation of species?

Hypothesis: The structure of Darwin's argument showed the influence of John Herschel, whose philosophy of science maintained that a mechanism could be called a vera causa (true cause) if three things could be demonstrated: its existence in nature, its ability to produce the effects of interest, and its ability to explain a wide range of observations.


Premise: When was the Marco Polo Bridge Incident?

Hypothesis: The Japanese continued to push the Chinese forces back, capturing the capital Nanking in December 1937 and committed which was known as Nanking Massacre.


Premise: How does this compare an average Premier League team?

Hypothesis: For some clubs who have failed to win immediate promotion back to the Premier League, financial problems, including in some cases administration or even liquidation have followed.


Premise: What was Liu Shaokun's profession?

Hypothesis: Liu’s family was later told that he was being investigated on suspicion of the crime of inciting subversion.


Premise: What dictates passenger elevator capacities?

Hypothesis: Generally passenger elevators in buildings of eight floors or fewer are hydraulic or electric, which can reach speeds up


Premise: What fungus helps to soften heavy metal sulfides?

Hypothesis: A sample of the fungus Aspergillus niger was found growing from gold mining solution; and was found to contain cyano metal complexes; such as gold, silver, copper iron and zinc.


Premise: What is the second question to ask in order to define the two classes?

Hypothesis: and "how does it originate?"


Premise: According to a recent study, how many Dhulbahante men married women of a different Dhulbahante sub-clan?

Hypothesis: So to extend ties of alliance, marriage is often to another ethnic Somali from a different clan.


Premise: In what year did SCA buy CBS Records?

Hypothesis: CBS Inc., now CBS Corporation, retained the rights to the CBS name for music recordings but granted Sony a temporary license to use the CBS name.


Premise: What is the name of the dog in the Guinness Book of World Records for longest lived?

Hypothesis: On 5 December 2011, Pusuke, the world's oldest living dog recognized by Guinness Book of World Records, died aged 26 years and 9 months.


Premise: What movie sci-fi franchise returned to Marvel in 2015?

Hypothesis: With Disney, Marvel announced in October 2013 that in January 2014 it would release its first title under their joint "Disney Kingdoms" imprint "Seekers of the Weird", a five-issue miniseries.


Premise: The promotion process repeats when for officers promoted early in the USAF?

Hypothesis: This process will repeat at the 16 year mark (for officers previously promoted early to major and lieutenant colonel) to the 21 year mark for promotion to full colonel.


Premise: What is tremolo?

Hypothesis: Like any plucked instrument, mandolin notes decay to silence rather than sound out continuously as with a bowed note on a violin, and mandolin notes decay faster than larger stringed instruments like the guitar.


Premise: What special wooden utensils do many people use to eat Chinese takeout?

Hypothesis: It is also used for tool handles and cutlery, such as chopsticks, toothpicks, and other utensils, like the wooden spoon.


Premise: How was the ship carrying a predominant deity moved around during the jubilee?

Hypothesis: A predominant deity was during this jubilee driven around in a noisy procession on a ship on wheels.


Premise: What is are kind of nuclear force is not time-reversibile?

Hypothesis: A third type of solution to the problem of the direction of time, although much less represented, argues that the laws are not time-reversal symmetric.


Premise: In what season does New Delhi's air pollution worsen?

Hypothesis: In an attempt to curb air pollution in New Delhi, which gets worst during the winter, a temporary alternate-day travel scheme for cars using the odd- and even-numbered license plates system was announced by Delhi government in December 2015.


Premise: Why are dogs viewed as unclean in Islam?

Hypothesis: Islamic activists in Lérida, Spain, lobbied for dogs to be kept out of Muslim neighborhoods, saying their presence violated Muslims' religious freedom.


Premise: What is the primary flag-carrier in Portugal?

Hypothesis: The primary flag-carrier is TAP Portugal, although many other domestic airlines provide services within and without the country.


Premise: Which year did Madonna sign a $120 million deal with Live Nation?

Hypothesis: In 2007 she signed an unprecedented US $120 million 360 deal with Live Nation.


Premise: How do PMs rate against other types of electric motors?

Hypothesis: Miniature motors resemble the structure in the illustration, except that they have at least three rotor poles (to ensure starting, regardless of rotor position) and their outer housing is a steel tube that magnetically links the exteriors of the curved field magnets.


Premise: Until what year did some minorities need to lie about religion or not get mandatory state issued ID?

Hypothesis: Individuals, particularly Baha'is and atheists, wishing to include their religion (or lack thereof) on their mandatory state issued identification cards are denied this ability (see Egyptian identification card controversy), and are put in the position of either not obtaining required identification or lying about their faith.


Premise: What type of losses happen during conversion and transmission in wires and electronics?

Hypothesis: Both the transmission and conversion of electric energy involve losses: ohmic losses in wires and power electronics, magnetic field losses in transformers and smoothing reactors (inductors).


Premise: Who wrote The Sexual Contract?

Hypothesis: The Racial Contract and Carole Patemen in her book


Premise: What is the TD Gardens former name?

Hypothesis: The TD Garden, formerly called the FleetCenter and built to replace the old, since-demolished Boston Garden, is adjoined to North Station and is the home of two major league teams: the Boston Bruins of the National Hockey League and the Boston Celtics of the National Basketball Association.


Premise: Who played Billy Cub?

Hypothesis: The most notable of these was "Billy Cub" who worked outside of the stadium until for over 6 years until July 2013, when the club asked him to stop.


Premise: Who led the invasion troops?

Hypothesis: The elderly General Bligh was appointed to command a new "descent", escorted by Howe.


Premise: Where does a bill go once the President signs it into effect?

Hypothesis: The Statutes at Large present a chronological arrangement of the laws in the exact order that they have been enacted.


Premise: How many clubs are on the island?

Hypothesis: There are four clubs on the island: (1) Police (2) Mariners (3) Teachers (4) Renegades.


Premise: A Theravada and Mahayana belief is that the next Buddha will be one named what?

Hypothesis: Buddhists do not consider Siddhartha Gautama to have been the only Buddha.


Premise: Popper pointed out an important logical asymmetry between what two concepts?

Hypothesis: Popper's account of the logical asymmetry between verification and falsifiability lies at the heart of his philosophy of science.


Premise: The rifle green beret is worn by whom?

Hypothesis: Soldiers still wear berets who are currently in a unit in jump status, whether the wearer is parachute-qualified, or not (maroon beret), Members of the 75th Ranger Regiment and the Airborne and Ranger Training Brigade (tan beret), and Special Forces (rifle green beret) and may wear it with the Army Service Uniform for non-ceremonial functions.


Premise: When did Lord North take office?

Hypothesis: The administration of Lord North (1770–1782) tried to defeat the colonist rebellion by military force.


Premise: When was it announced that Libya would be independent?

Hypothesis: In 1951, the UN created the United Kingdom of Libya, a federal state under the leadership of a pro-western monarch, Idris, who banned political parties and established an absolute monarchy.


Premise: Who wrote The Racial Contract?


Premise: In what year was CU-SeeMe, a desktop-based videoconferencing tool, developed?

Hypothesis: Finally, in the 1990s, Internet Protocol-based videoconferencing became possible, and more efficient video compression technologies were developed, permitting desktop, or personal computer (PC)-based videoconferencing.


Premise: What country did Britain convince to attack Egypt?

Hypothesis: Another of Eisenhower's concerns was the possibility of a wider war with the Soviet Union after it threatened to intervene on the Egyptian side.


Premise: What retired police officer refused to carry the torch in India?

Hypothesis: The noted Indian social activist and a retired Indian Police Service (IPS) officer Kiran Bedi refused to participate saying "she doesn’t want to run in the event as ‘caged woman’.


Premise: On which sutras did the Vedanta school focus?

Hypothesis: Each of these have been further categorized in terms of conditionality, completeness, confidence and possibility of error, by each sub-school of Vedanta.


Premise: What is the former name of the Qiantang River?

Hypothesis: The province's name derives from the Zhe River (浙江, Zhè Jiāng), the former name of the Qiantang River which flows past Hangzhou and whose mouth forms Hangzhou Bay.


Premise: Who traded slaves into the Middle East?

Hypothesis: Previously slaves had been traded by Arabs north to the northern part of Africa and into the Middle East.


Premise: What type of antibiotics called bacterocidal?

Hypothesis: There are many types of antibiotics and each class inhibits a process that is different in the pathogen from that found in the host.


Premise: Where is the  annual Charleston Fashion week held?

Hypothesis: The annual Charleston Fashion Week held each spring in Marion Square brings in designers, journalists, and clients from across the nation.


Premise: In what year did Kanye West's mother pass away?

Hypothesis: In 2008, following the death of West's mother, the foundation was rechristened "The Dr. Donda West Foundation."


Premise: When did the airport open for business?

Hypothesis: Lukou Airport was opened on 28 June 1997, replacing Nanjing Dajiaochang Airport as the main airport serving Nanjing.


Premise: What community of Jews was Plymouth Synagogue built by?

Hypothesis: The Plymouth Synagogue is a Listed Grade II* building, built in 1762 and is the oldest Ashkenazi Synagogue in the English speaking world.


Premise: What does URL mean?

Hypothesis: A web browser (commonly referred to as a browser) is a software application for retrieving, presenting, and traversing information resources on the World Wide Web.


Premise: What is a commonly seen example?

Hypothesis: A commonly seen example is the double happiness symbol 囍, formed as a ligature of 喜喜 and referred to by its disyllabic name (simplified Chinese: 双喜; traditional Chinese: 雙喜; pinyin: shuāngxǐ).


Premise: How much electricity is imported by Estonia annually?

Hypothesis: In 2007, however, a large current account deficit and rising inflation put pressure on Estonia's currency, which was pegged to the Euro, highlighting the need for growth in export-generating industries.


Premise: Have reviews praised the PS3's hardware of software more frequently?

Hypothesis: In addition, both Home Theater Magazine and Ultimate AV have given the system's Blu-ray playback very favorable reviews, stating that the quality of playback exceeds that of many current standalone Blu-ray Disc players.


Premise: According to QS World University Rankings where does Cairo University rank?

Hypothesis: American University in Cairo is ranked as 360 according to QS World University Rankings and Al-Azhar University, Alexandria University and Ain Shams University fall in the 701+ range.


Premise: Who considered this topic in the 17th century?

Hypothesis: His experiments support an angled suspension, and a two-beamed cross, and perhaps some form of foot support, given that in an Aufbinden form of suspension from a straight stake (as used by the Nazis in the Dachau concentration camp during World War II), death comes rather quickly.


Premise: What did Liberius have to promise to do in order to return?

Hypothesis: He assented, upon condition that he should comply with the bishops, then, at court.


Premise: What do you call the line that marks the elevation that waterfalls first appear on rivers?

Hypothesis: The coastal plain transitions to the Piedmont region along the Atlantic Seaboard fall line, a line which marks the elevation at which waterfalls first appear on streams and rivers.


Premise: What products were exported along with indigo from the Lowcountry?

Hypothesis: Those and naval stores were exported in an extremely profitable shipping industry.


Premise: Harper Lee's mother's maiden name was what?

Hypothesis: The family's last name of Finch also shares Lee's mother's maiden name.


Premise: In what year did Napoleon and his troops cross the Swiss Alps and enter Italy?

Hypothesis: In the spring of 1800, Napoleon and his troops crossed the Swiss Alps into Italy, aiming to surprise the Austrian armies that had reoccupied the peninsula when Napoleon was still in Egypt.[note 5]


Premise: How much money did overseas Nigerians send home in 2004?

Hypothesis: On the African continent, Egypt, Equatorial Guinea, Chad, Libya and South Africa are important source countries of remittance flows to Nigeria, while China is the biggest remittance-sending country in Asia.


Premise: Who funded the linking of computers around the US in the 1970s?

Hypothesis: In the 1970s, computer engineers at research institutions throughout the United States began to link their computers together using telecommunications technology.


Premise: What have been crossed for war and commerce?

Hypothesis: In the medieval period hospices were established by religious orders at the summits of many of the main passes.


Premise: What did Kanye state that Yeezus was?

Hypothesis: Describing his sixth studio album Yeezus (2013) as "a protest to music," West embraced an abrasive style that incorporated industrial music, acid house, dancehall, punk, electro, and Chicago drill.


Premise: What are Madhyapur Thimi, Kirtipur and Bhaktapur?

Hypothesis: Within the districts lie VDCs (villages), 3 municipalities (Bhaktapur, Kirtipur, Madhyapur Thimi), 1 sub-metropolitan city (Lalitpur), and 1 metropolitan city (Kathmandu).


Premise: When was the Great Depression?

Hypothesis: The North Carolina Symphony, founded the same year, performed in its new home.


Premise: In what European countries did the Dominican Order experience changes to how they thought?

Hypothesis: It assumed remarkable proportions in the congregations of Lombardy and the Netherlands, and in the reforms of Savonarola in Florence.


Premise: What type of airplane was the German craft Holmes rammed into?

Hypothesis: On 15 September 1940, known as the Battle of Britain Day, an RAF pilot, Ray Holmes of No. 504 Squadron RAF rammed a German bomber he believed was going to bomb the Palace.


Premise: Where did John Glenn land on Earth after coming back from orbit?

Hypothesis: His Mercury-Atlas 6 mission completed three orbits in the Friendship 7 spacecraft, and splashed down safely in the Atlantic Ocean, after a tense reentry, due to what falsely appeared from the telemetry data to be a loose heat-shield.


Premise: When homens loses /n/, it becomes what word?

Hypothesis: In nouns and adjectives, loss of /n/ of medieval plurals in proparoxytone words.


Premise: What does FBI stand for?

Hypothesis: Moreover, CIA is the only agency authorized by law to carry out and oversee covert action on behalf of the President, unless the President determines that another agency is better suited for carrying out such action.


Premise: What creature is swimming in the Dutch phrase "Visc flot aftar themo uuatare"?

Hypothesis: Probably the most famous sentence Hebban olla vogala nestas hagunnan, hinase hic enda tu, wat unbidan we nu (All birds have started making nests, except me and you, what are we waiting for), is dated around the year 1100, written by a Flemish monk in a convent in Rochester, England.


Premise: How far back do the Mesopotamian people go?

Hypothesis: But their observations and measurements were seemingly taken for purposes other than for elucidating scientific laws.


Premise: What was the Great Divergence?

Hypothesis: These restrictions on domestic resource exploration, as well as on foreign trade, are held by some scholars as a cause of the Great Divergence, by which the Western world overtook China economically.


Premise: DeCarlo also penned a knock-off of what teen comic superstar?

Hypothesis: Atlas, rather than innovate, took a proven route of following popular trends in television and movies—Westerns and war dramas prevailing for a time, drive-in movie monsters another time—and even other comic books, particularly the EC horror line.


Premise: What are Punjab's secondary crops?

Hypothesis: Despite past animosities, the rural masses in Punjab's farms continue to use the Hindu calendar for planting and harvesting.


Premise: What kind of the wine is regularly consumed by the French?

Hypothesis: Comparing diets among Western countries, researchers have discovered that although the French tend to eat higher levels of animal fat, the incidence of heart disease remains low in France.


Premise: What type of flight decks are aircraft carriers equipped with?

Hypothesis: An aircraft carrier is a warship that serves as a seagoing airbase, equipped with a full-length flight deck and facilities for carrying, arming, deploying, and recovering aircraft.


Premise: In 1982, the allowed print room staff at The Times and The Sunday Times was reduced by how much?

Hypothesis: However, direct input of text by journalists ("single stroke" input) was still not achieved, and this was to remain an interim measure until the Wapping dispute of 1986, when The Times moved from New Printing House Square in Gray's Inn Road (near Fleet Street) to new offices in Wapping.


Premise: How does Madonna influence her?

Hypothesis: In February 2013, Beyoncé said that Madonna inspired her to take control of her own career.


Premise: How many councillors choose the Lord Mayor?

Hypothesis: The position is elected each year by a group of six councillors.


Premise: When was the National Gallery constructed?

Hypothesis: It was to be William Wilkins's winning design for the public competition for Downing College, Cambridge that announced the Greek style was to be the dominant idiom in architecture.


Premise: What are the contiguous states sometimes called?

Hypothesis: Alaska is the northernmost and westernmost state in the United States and has the most easterly longitude in the United States because the Aleutian Islands extend into the eastern hemisphere.


Premise: What auditor company did Apple hire to oversee worker conditions following the controversy?

Hypothesis: Foxconn, Apple's manufacturer, initially denied the abuses, but when an auditing team from Apple found that workers had been working longer hours than were allowed under Chinese law, they promised to prevent workers working more hours than the code allowed.


Premise: In addition to calendaring programs, what kind of programs were most impacted by the changes?

Hypothesis: Changes to DST rules cause problems in existing computer installations.


Premise: Since which century have modern political processes forgone royal assent?

Hypothesis: In the vast majority of contemporary monarchies, this act is considered to be little more than a formality; even in those nations which still permit their ruler to withhold the royal assent (such as the United Kingdom, Norway, and Liechtenstein), the monarch almost never does so, save in a dire political emergency or upon the advice of their government.


Premise: Where are the British Isles located?

Hypothesis: The British Isles are a group of islands off the north-western coast of continental Europe that consist of the islands of Great Britain, Ireland and over six thousand smaller isles.


Premise: What are annelids' body cavities separated from each other by?

Hypothesis: The mesothelium is made of modified epitheliomuscular cells; in other words, their bodies form part of the epithelium but their bases extend to form muscle fibers in the body wall.


Premise: Who was the man William IV wanted Victoria to wed instead?

Hypothesis: Leopold arranged for Victoria's mother to invite her Coburg relatives to visit her in May 1836, with the purpose of introducing Victoria to Albert.


Premise: Who did Russia first have issues with when moving towards the warmer ports in the Black Sea?

Hypothesis: The goal was to promote year-round trade and a year-round navy.:11 Pursuit of this goal brought the emerging Russian state into conflict with the Ukrainian Cossacks and then with the Tatars of the Crimean Khanate and Circassians.


Premise: What kind of device is the iPod?

Hypothesis: The iPod is a line of portable media players and multi-purpose pocket computers designed and marketed by Apple Inc.


Premise: What is a common chant of Arsenal supporters?

Hypothesis: The Arse!. In addition to the usual English football chants, supporters sing "One-Nil to the Arsenal" (to the tune of "Go West").


Premise: Where is the fire department's training academy located?

Hypothesis: The FDNY headquarters is located at 9 MetroTech Center in Downtown Brooklyn, and the FDNY Fire Academy is located on Randalls Island.


Premise: How many persons were still unaccounted for in Yingxiu?

Hypothesis: At the start of rescue operations on May 12, 20 helicopters were deployed for the delivery of food, water, and emergency aid, and also the evacuation of the injured and reconnaissance of quake-stricken areas.


Premise: When was Diodotus II overthrown?

Hypothesis: While victorious in the field, it seems Antiochus came to realise that there were advantages in the status quo (perhaps sensing that Bactria could not be governed from Syria), and married one of his daughters to Euthydemus's son, thus legitimising the Greco-Bactria dynasty.


Premise: What Asian war were the Canadian Forces involved in?

Hypothesis: Similarly, when the United Kingdom entered into conflict with Germany in the First World War, Canadian troops were called to participate in European theatres.


Premise: When did the AFL title sponsorship deal come to an end?

Hypothesis: It was announced on December 12, 2012, that the AFL reached a partnership agreement with NET10 Wireless to be the first non-motorsports-related professional sports league in the United States to have a title sponsor, renaming it the NET10 Wireless Arena Football League.


Premise: In what month and year did Plymouth see its highest temperature between 1971 and 2000?

Hypothesis: Typically, the warmest day of the year (1971–2000) will achieve a temperature of 26.6 °C (80 °F), although in June 1976 the temperature reached 31.6 °C (89 °F), the site record.


Premise: Who believed the avoidance of thematic and heirarhical systems allowed free interpretation of the works and caused them to beomce an example of eglitarianism?

Hypothesis: For Porset, the avoidance of thematic and hierarchical systems thus allows free interpretation of the works and becomes an example of egalitarianism.


Premise: What activities are popular in the mountains of Tucson?

Hypothesis: In Summerhaven, visitors will find log houses and cabins, a general store, and various shops, as well as numerous hiking trails.


Premise: Who claimed Estonia's national resources?

Hypothesis: Estonia's parliament also laid claim to the republic's natural resources including land, inland waters, forests, mineral deposits, and to the means of industrial production, agriculture, construction, state banks, transportation, and municipal services within the territory of Estonia's borders.


Premise: Where is GE's headquarters located?

Hypothesis: It was formerly known as the GE Building for the prominent GE logo on the roof; NBC's headquarters and main studios are also located in the building.


Premise: What is the maximum scroe for routines?

Hypothesis: Routines are marked out of a maximum score of 10 points.


Premise: What is different about Chopin's waltzes versus a ballroom waltz?

Hypothesis: His waltzes were also written specifically for the salon recital rather than the ballroom and are frequently at rather faster tempos than their dance-floor equivalents.


Premise: OCA is the preferred method of defeating what kind of attacks?

Hypothesis: Offensive Counterair (OCA) is defined as "offensive operations to destroy, disrupt, or neutralize enemy aircraft, missiles, launch platforms, and their supporting structures and systems both before and after launch, but as close to their source as possible" (JP 1-02).


Premise: What problem can be caused by a player becoming out of alignment?

Hypothesis: In addition, LaserDisc videos sometimes exhibit a problem known as "crosstalk".


Premise: What did Gaddafi regard his British instructors as?

Hypothesis: British trainers reported him for insubordination and abusive behaviour, stating their suspicion that he was involved in the assassination of the military academy's commander in 1963.


Premise: What was the population of Detroit in 2010?

Hypothesis: The city has declined in population in each census since 1950.


Premise: What year did remodeling of Buckingham House begin?

Hypothesis: While the work was in progress, in 1826, the King decided to modify the house into a palace with the help of his architect John Nash.


Premise: What verse in the quran expresses the necessity to the appointment of the prophets?

Hypothesis: That is Allah Must assign someone similar to prophet in his attributes and Ismah as his successor to guide the people without any deviation in religion.


Premise: India refused China's request that the Tibetan exile community be avoided because they said India is what?

Hypothesis: In response Indian officials said India was a democracy, and "a wholesale ban on protests was out of the question".


Premise: After the Revolution of 1810 there was a subsequent uprising of what provinces?

Hypothesis: During the May Revolution of 1810 and the subsequent uprising of the provinces of Rio de la Plata, the Spanish colonial government moved to Montevideo.


Premise: What American broke the sound barrier in 1947?

Hypothesis: The 1940s proved to be important in other ways as well.


Premise: Where is the Neostokavian-Ijekavian language predominantely spoken?

Hypothesis: The nationalists among the Croats conflictingly claim either that they speak an entirely separate language from Serbs and Bosnians or that these two peoples have, due to the longer lexicographic tradition among Croats, somehow "borrowed" their standard languages from them.[citation needed]


Premise: New coins were a proclamation of independence by the Somali Muslim Ajuran Empire from whom?

Hypothesis: The Portuguese discovery of the Cape of Good Hope in 1488 initiated a series of Ottoman-Portuguese naval wars in the Indian Ocean throughout the 16th century.


Premise: What percentage of the world's total population gets infected with tuberculosis every year?

Hypothesis: Roughly one-third of the world's population has been infected with M. tuberculosis, with new infections occurring in about 1% of the population each year.


Premise: What Christian saint was also an Umayyad administrator?

Hypothesis: St John of Damascus was also a high administrator in the Umayyad administration.


Premise: What are the 3 main categories of solar cookers?

Hypothesis: The simplest solar cooker is the box cooker first built by Horace de Saussure in 1767.


Premise: Who was the recipient of the Judges' Save?

Hypothesis: Jessica Sanchez received the fewest number of votes during the Top 7 week, and the judges decided to use their "save" option on her, making her the first female recipient of the save.


Premise: What language family is Somali a part of?

Hypothesis: The overwhelming majority of Somalis speak the Somali language, which is part of the Cushitic branch of the Afro-Asiatic family.


Premise: What town did Victoria visit in the center of England on her trip with the Dutchess of kent and Conroy?

Hypothesis: To the King's annoyance, Victoria was enthusiastically welcomed in each of the stops.


Premise: What is the causative spirochete of syphilis?

Hypothesis: These postulates were first used in the discovery that Mycobacteria species cause tuberculosis.


Premise: Who said Pope Innocent was an ambitious and aggressive religious leader?

Hypothesis: When the Archbishop of Canterbury, Hubert Walter, died on 13 July 1205, John became involved in a dispute with Pope Innocent III that would lead to the king's excommunication.


Premise: What did some US Politicians think Coalition forces should have been allowed to have done?

Hypothesis: Still, the political ramifications of removing Hussein would have broadened the scope of the conflict greatly, and many coalition nations refused to participate in such an action, believing it would create a power vacuum and destabilize the region.


Premise: Where did Polabian Slavs (Wends) settle?

Hypothesis: Polabian Slavs (Wends) settled in parts of England (Danelaw), apparently as Danish allies.


Premise: When did the United States Geological Survey released its seismic hazard analysis?

Hypothesis: Scientists estimated this lessened risk based upon a lower likelihood than previously thought of slow shaking near the city, which would be more likely to cause damage to taller structures from an earthquake in the vicinity of the city.


Premise: Attempts to unify Latin, Greek, and Cyrillic would create which sort of problems?

Hypothesis: In other words, while the shapes of letters like A, B, E, H, K, M, O, P, T, X, Y and so on are shared between the Latin, Greek, and Cyrillic alphabets (and small differences in their canonical forms may be considered to be of a merely typographical nature), it would still be problematic for a multilingual character set or a font to provide only a single codepoint for, say, uppercase letter B, as this would make it quite difficult for a wordprocessor to change that single uppercase letter to one of the three different choices for the lower-case letter, b (Latin), β (Greek), or в (Cyrillic).


Premise: When did Lee randomly show up at the Los Angeles  Public Library?

Hypothesis: My husband used to get thousands and thousands of letters from teachers who would send them to him."


Premise: What areas experience the most significant temperature variations?

Hypothesis: Even in the absence of June gloom, inland areas tend to experience much more significant temperature variations than coastal areas, where the ocean serves as a moderating influence.


Premise: What are the gametes produced by females called?

Hypothesis: The gametes produced by females are called eggs or ova, and those produced by males are called sperm.


Premise: Why is transnational policing so unaccountable?

Hypothesis: As this report points out, and the existing academic literature on transnational policing seems to confirm, this is a secretive area and one not open to civil society involvement.


Premise: What did the government do in 1997 to increase monetary stability?

Hypothesis: After several years of economic downturn and political instability, in 1997, Guinea-Bissau entered the CFA franc monetary system, bringing about some internal monetary stability.


Premise: What year was the Federsation of Aesthetic Group Gymnastics established?

Hypothesis: The International Federation of Aesthetic Group Gymnastics (IFAGG) was established in 2003.


Premise: When did Simon Cowell announce he was no longer going to be a judge?

Hypothesis: However both Carey and Minaj left after one season, and Randy Jackson also announced that he would depart the show after twelve seasons as a judge but would return as a mentor.


Premise: Where was a substantial amount of Nazi plunder found at the end of the war?

Hypothesis: At the end of the war, a substantial amount of Nazi plunder was found stored in Austria, where Hitler had hoped to retreat as the war drew to a close.


Premise: How many are in the pipelin to fight GNB?

Hypothesis: The report identified seven antibiotics against the Gram-negative bacilli (GNB) currently in phase 2 or phase 3 clinical trials.


Premise: where was house music from chicago-based labels considered a must-play?

Hypothesis: One 1986 house tune called "Move Your Body" by Marshall Jefferson, taken from the appropriately titled "The House Music Anthem" EP, became a big hit in Chicago and eventually worldwide.


Premise: Why would all the remaining stores of lard, butter and meat left at vastenavond be eaten?

Hypothesis: The selected livestock had in fact already been slaughtered in November and the meat would be no longer preservable.


Premise: When did Russell move the Society's headquarters to Brooklyn?

Hypothesis: He identified the religious movement as "Bible Students," and more formally as the International Bible Students Association.


Premise: Where does 35th Street begin?

Hypothesis: Notable locations include East River Ferry, LaptopMD headquarters, Mercy College Manhattan Campus, and Jacob K. Javits Convention Center.


Premise: Why did Stalin sign the pact?

Hypothesis: While Stalin had little faith in Japan's commitment to neutrality, he felt that the pact was important for its political symbolism, to reinforce a public affection for Germany.


Premise: Who did a media magnate in the 1980s buy The Times from?

Hypothesis: Several suitors appeared, including Robert Maxwell, Tiny Rowland and Lord Rothermere; however, only one buyer was in a position to meet the full Thomson remit, Australian media magnate Rupert Murdoch.


Premise: How much land does the Continental Portugal cover?

Hypothesis: Continental Portugal's 89,015 km2 (34,369 sq mi) territory is serviced by four international airports located near the principal cities of Lisbon, Porto, Faro and Beja.


Premise: Where in Antarctica is Halley Station?

Hypothesis: In 1985, three British scientists working on data they had gathered at Halley Station on the Brunt Ice Shelf discovered the existence of a hole in this layer.


Premise: Who sponsors a contest for journalistic writing?

Hypothesis: In 2010, the School of Journalism and Mass Communications finished second at the prestigious Hearst Foundation national writing competition.


Premise: What part of the body is controlled by nuclei in the midbrain?

Hypothesis: Motor systems are areas of the brain that are directly or indirectly involved in producing body movements, that is, in activating muscles.


Premise: How much did the parliament lease British india for to EIC (the lease was for two years)?

Hypothesis: Despite stiff resistance from the East India lobby in parliament and from the Company's shareholders, the Act passed.


Premise: What famous singer made claims of racism after Jennifer Hudson was eliminated from American Idol?

Hypothesis: The prolonged stays of John Stevens and Jasmine Trias in the finals, despite negative comments from the judges, had aroused resentment, so much so that John Stevens reportedly received a death threat, which he dismissed as a joke 'blown out of proportion'.


Premise: Who was Bush's running mate?

Hypothesis: In his 2004 presidential campaign, Kerry criticized George W. Bush for the Iraq War.


Premise: Where is the Sangzao Middle School?

Hypothesis: During that time he obtained more than 400,000 yuan (US$60,000) from the county education department, money used to widen and strengthen concrete pillars and the balcony railing of all four storeys of his school, as well as secure its concrete floors.


Premise: What percentage of Houston's population is African-American?

Hypothesis: American Indians made up 0.7% of the population.


Premise: Who wrote critically in The Independent about Hopkins?

Hypothesis: He suspected that if any other contributor had written the piece it would not have been published and questioned her continued employment by the newspaper.


Premise: Where did Beatrice meet and fall in love with Prince Henry?

Hypothesis: The following month, Victoria's youngest child, Beatrice, met and fell in love with Prince Henry of Battenberg at the wedding of Victoria's granddaughter Princess Victoria of Hesse and by Rhine to Henry's brother Prince Louis of Battenberg.


Premise: Which party has the least amount of members?

Hypothesis: A new Lord Mayor of Cork is chosen in a vote by the elected members of the council under a D'Hondt system count.


Premise: What type of sports centers are Wutaishan Sports Center and Nanjing Olympic Sports Center considered to be?

Hypothesis: Both of these two are comprehensive sports centers, including stadium, gymnasium, natatorium, tennis court, etc.


Premise: How many deaths are believed to be caused in Hyderabad due to air pollution each year?

Hypothesis: Ground water around Hyderabad, which has a hardness of up to 1000 ppm, around three times higher than is desirable, is the main source of drinking water but the increasing population and consequent increase in demand has led to a decline in not only ground water but also river and lake levels.


Premise: What are Beyoncé's backup singers called?

Hypothesis: Her background singers, The Mamas, consist of Montina Cooper-Donnell, Crystal Collins and Tiffany Moniqué Riddick.


Premise: Incomplete metamorphosis insects are called?

Hypothesis: An insect molts when it outgrows its exoskeleton, which does not stretch and would otherwise restrict the insect's growth.


Premise: Have those books changed over time?

Hypothesis: Athanasius is the first person to identify the same 27 books of the New Testament that are in use today.


Premise: What was Masjid Bilal previously known as?

Hypothesis: Only by 1990 did the Muslims renamed it to "Masjid Bilal".


Premise: In what Italian city were Kim Kardashian and Kanye West wed?

Hypothesis: In May 2014, West and Kardashian were married in a private ceremony in Florence, Italy, with a variety of artists and celebrities in attendance.


Premise: What structure does the Schnellweg and a number of roads roughly form?

Hypothesis: The roads are B 3, B 6 and B 65, called Westschnellweg (B6 on the northern part, B3 on the southern part), Messeschnellweg (B3, becomes A37 near Burgdorf, crosses A2, becomes B3 again, changes to B6 at Seelhorster Kreuz, then passes the Hanover fairground as B6 and becomes A37 again before merging into A7) and Südschnellweg (starts out as B65, becomes B3/B6/B65 upon crossing Westschnellweg, then becomes B65 again at Seelhorster Kreuz).


Premise: When did John Melody, the town crier of Southampton, pass away?

Hypothesis: The town crier from 2004 until his death in 2014 was John Melody, who acted as master of ceremonies in the city and who possessed a cry of 104 decibels.


Premise: For what was coal tar used in road paving?

Hypothesis: During the early and mid-20th century when town gas was produced, coal tar was a readily available byproduct and extensively used as the binder for road aggregates.


Premise: What's another name for Old English?

Hypothesis: At more or less the same time the Ingvaeonic nasal spirant law led to the development of Old Saxon, Old Frisian (Anglo-Frisian) and Old English (Anglo-Saxon).


Premise: What in part inspired the sounds of many British rock bands and singers in the 60s, 70s, and 80s?

Hypothesis: The city is home to the first and original Hard Rock Cafe and the Abbey Road Studios where The Beatles recorded many of their hits.


Premise: How old are the oldest buildings in Mexico City?

Hypothesis: Other well-known central neighborhoods include Condesa, known for its Art Deco architecture and its restaurant scene; Colonia Roma, a beaux arts neighborhood and artistic and culinary hot-spot, the Zona Rosa, formerly the center of nightlife and restaurants, now reborn as the center of the LGBT and Korean-Mexican communities; and Tepito and La Lagunilla, known for their local working-class foklore and large flea markets.


Premise: When did Starlin Castro debut as the starting shortstop?

Hypothesis: Rookie Starlin Castro debuted in early May (2010) as the starting shortstop.


Premise: What year did Lane Crawford open?

Hypothesis: In 1900, the first ethnic-Chinese owned Sincere Department Store was opened by Ma Ying Piu, who returned from Australia and inspired by David Jones.


Premise: How many letters does the part numbering scheme begin with?

Hypothesis: The Pro Electron standard, the European Electronic Component Manufacturers Association part numbering scheme, begins with two letters: the first gives the semiconductor type (A for germanium, B for silicon, and C for materials like GaAs); the second letter denotes the intended use (A for diode, C for general-purpose transistor, etc.).


Premise: Which historical overview did Seiki Hosokibara create?

Hypothesis: The first historical overview of Japanese comics was Seiki Hosokibara's Nihon Manga-Shi[i] in 1924.


Premise: What can ECG confirm?

Hypothesis: An ECG may confirm an ST elevation MI if ST elevation is present.


Premise: What established Guam as an unincorporated territory?

Hypothesis: The Governor of Guam was federally appointed until 1968, when the Guam Elective Governor Act provided for the office's popular election.:242 Since Guam is not a U.S. state, U.S. citizens residing on Guam are not allowed to vote for president and their congressional representative is a non-voting member.


Premise: When were ski-lifts built in Swiss and Austrian towns?

Hypothesis: During the post-World War I period ski-lifts were built in Swiss and Austrian towns to accommodate winter visitors, but summer tourism continued to be important; by the mid-20th century the popularity of downhill skiing increased greatly as it became more accessible and in the 1970s several new villages were built in France devoted almost exclusively to skiing, such as Les Menuires.


Premise: What organization was created to combat the 419 scams?

Hypothesis: These scams involve a complicit Nigerian bank (the laws being set up loosely to allow it) and a scammer who claims to have money he needs to obtain from that bank.


Premise: In what year did notable Times Magazine contributor, Gile Coren, become Food and Drink Writer of the Year?

Hypothesis: Notable contributors include Giles Coren, Food and Drink Writer of the Year in 2005 and Nadiya Hussain, winner of BBC's The Great British Bake Off.


Premise: Where did Sir Francis Drake attack in 1585 and again in 1589?

Hypothesis: The most famous assaults were upon the city of Vigo by Sir Francis Drake in 1585 and 1589, and the siege of A Coruña in 1589 by the English Armada.


Premise: What was 'Abubacer' normally called?

Hypothesis: The Latin translation of his philosophical novel, entitled Philosophus Autodidactus, published by Edward Pococke the Younger in 1671, had an influence on John Locke's formulation of tabula rasa in An Essay Concerning Human Understanding.


Premise: How many times does Richmond receive 7.6 centimeters or more of snow in a 24 hour period annually?

Hypothesis: Falls of 3 inches (7.6 cm) or more within 24 hours occur an average once per year.


Premise: What team left the AFL after the 2015 season to join another league?

Hypothesis: Subsequently, one of the remaining teams, the Spokane Shock, severed its ties with the league to join the competing IFL.


Premise: How many people have a varied ancestry?

Hypothesis: Similarly, many people who identify as white have some African ancestors.


Premise: Which crisis in Ireland involved bribery, cronyism and collusion?

Hypothesis: Gombeenism refers to an individual who is dishonest and corrupt for the purpose of personal gain, more often through monetary, while, parochialism which is also known as parish pump politics relates to placing local or vanity projects ahead of the national interest.


Premise: How does grain become malted?

Hypothesis: Grain is malted by soaking it in water, allowing it to begin germination, and then drying the partially germinated grain in a kiln.


Premise: When does the mobile library service operate?

Hypothesis: The island has a public library (the oldest in the Southern Hemisphere) and a mobile library service which operates weekly rural areas.


Premise: What should New York, Illinois and California be using instead of codified statutes?

Hypothesis: New York, Illinois, and California are the most significant states that have not adopted the FRCP.


Premise: What are the members of a Grand Lodge called?

Hypothesis: When two Grand Lodges recognise and are in Masonic communication with each other, they are said to be in amity, and the brethren of each may visit each other's Lodges and interact Masonically.


Premise: How many B-29 bombers were airbases need for in Okinawa?

Hypothesis: The supporting naval forces were the targets for 4,000 sorties, many by Kamikaze suicide planes.


Premise: The BeiDou-1 is made up of how may satellites?

Hypothesis: The satellites themselves were based on the Chinese DFH-3 geostationary communications satellite and had a launch weight of 1,000 kilograms (2,200 pounds) each.


Premise: What law further restricted public houses?

Hypothesis: Opening for the full licensed hours was compulsory, and closing time was equally firmly enforced by the police; a landlord might lose his licence for infractions.


Premise: A small minority of Somalis belong to what branch of Islam?

Hypothesis: Somalis were among the first populations on the continent to embrace Islam.


Premise: What is a recent development in sequencing methods?

Hypothesis: New sequencing technologies, such as massive parallel sequencing have also opened up the prospect of personal genome sequencing as a diagnostic tool, as pioneered by Manteia Predictive Medicine.


Premise: How can electrolytic capacitors be safely used after having been stored unused for a long time?

Hypothesis: Electrolytic capacitors will self-degrade if unused for a period (around a year), and when full power is applied may short circuit, permanently damaging the capacitor and usually blowing a fuse or causing failure of rectifier diodes (for instance, in older equipment, arcing in rectifier tubes).


Premise: Other than the bar, in what room might patrons of a pub eat?

Hypothesis: They may have a separate dining room.


Premise: What do the numbers identify in a bulb shape designation?

Hypothesis: The letters represent the shape of the bulb.


Premise: What is the name of Norfolk Island's only TV station?

Hypothesis: There is one locally based radio station (Radio Norfolk 89.9FM), broadcasting on both AM and FM frequencies.


Premise: What reputation does machine translations have?

Hypothesis: In view of the frequent inaccuracy of machine translations, human translation remains the most reliable, most accurate form of translation available.


Premise: What did the shantytowns create?

Hypothesis: With no housing available, they took over lands surrounding the city, creating huge shantytowns that extended for many miles.


Premise: What was the name of the meeting to make an alliance between Zwingli and Luther?

Hypothesis: A long-standing resentment between the German states and the Swiss Confederation led to heated debate over how much Zwingli owed his ideas to Lutheranism.


Premise: What city in the east of Entre Rios province is considered the most important one for the Carnival?

Hypothesis: Gualeguaychú in the east of Entre Ríos province is the most important Carnival city and has one of the largest parades.


Premise: What kind of political coalition did The Times support in 1974?

Hypothesis: It supported the Conservatives for the subsequent three elections, followed by support for both the Conservatives and the Liberal Party for the next five elections, expressly supporting a Con-Lib coalition in 1974.


Premise: What Czech dialect is gaining ground in journalism and the mass media?

Hypothesis: By the early 1990s dialect use was stigmatized, associated with the shrinking lower class and used in literature or other media for comedic effect.


Premise: What position would the young Liu Xie eventually be promoted to?

Hypothesis: He escorted them safely back to the capital and was made Minister of Works, taking control of Luoyang and forcing Yuan Shao to flee.


Premise: Who was one of the English aristocrats who supported the Lollard movement?

Hypothesis: The Catholic Church had long fought against heretic movements, but during the Late Middle Ages, it started to experience demands for reform from within.


Premise: What was Timothy Geithner's position during the fall of 2008?

Hypothesis: Economist Paul Krugman and U.S. Treasury Secretary Timothy Geithner explain the credit crisis via the implosion of the shadow banking system, which had grown to nearly equal the importance of the traditional commercial banking sector as described above.


Premise: What is another term for the act of spying for another country?

Hypothesis: Congress acted defiantly toward the Supreme Court by passing the Drug Kingpin Act of 1988 and the Federal Death Penalty Act of 1994 that made roughly fifty crimes punishable by death, including crimes that do not always involve the death of someone.


Premise: What property was George Brimhall responsible for purchasing for the campus?

Hypothesis: Under his tenure in 1904 the new Brigham Young University bought 17 acres (69,000 m2) of land from Provo called "Temple Hill".


Premise: How often is Politics & Policy published?

Hypothesis: Run entirely by undergraduates, Politics & Policy publishes several times a week with material ranging from short summaries of events to extended research pieces.


Premise: Where was Beyonce when she became pregnant?

Hypothesis: Beyoncé suffered a miscarriage in 2010 or 2011, describing it as "the saddest thing" she had ever endured.


Premise: How many casinos are there in Atlantic City today?

Hypothesis: Other casinos were soon constructed along the Boardwalk and, later, in the marina district for a total of eleven today.


Premise: What are held at the Barengraben?

Hypothesis: The currently four bears are now kept in an open-air enclosure nearby, and two other young bears, a present by the Russian president, are kept in Dählhölzli zoo.


Premise: Where is East Cooper Regional Medical Center?

Hypothesis: The city has several major hospitals located in the downtown area: Medical University of South Carolina Medical Center (MUSC), Ralph H. Johnson VA Medical Center, and Roper Hospital.


Premise: What was the distance in kilometers for the route in Kazakhstan?

Hypothesis: Kazakhstan: The first torchbearer in Almaty, where the Olympic torch arrived for the first time ever on April 2, was the President of Kazakhstan Nursultan Nazarbaev.


Premise: What can be wagered in a match?

Hypothesis: Also, anything from a character's own hair to their job with the promotion can be wagered in a match.


Premise: To where was the canal designed by Washington intended to ferry water?

Hypothesis: To facilitate the transfer of cargo from the flat-bottomed bateaux above the fall line to the ocean-faring ships below, George Washington helped design the James River and Kanawha Canal in the 18th century to bypass Richmond's rapids, with the intent of providing a water route across the Appalachians to the Kanawha River.


Premise: When was the town of Kingsbridge created?

Hypothesis: In 1846, a new town, West Farms, was created by division of Westchester; in turn, in 1855, the town of Morrisania was created from West Farms.


Premise: Who was elected President in 2014?

Hypothesis: On 26 March 2014 Abdel Fattah el-Sisi the head of the Egyptian Armed Forces, who at this time was in control of the country, resigned from the military, announcing he would stand as a candidate in the 2014 presidential election.


Premise: What chemicals may mediate emotions?

Hypothesis: If distinguished from reactive responses of reptiles, emotions would then be mammalian elaborations of general vertebrate arousal patterns, in which neurochemicals (for example, dopamine, noradrenaline, and serotonin) step-up or step-down the brain's activity level, as visible in body movements, gestures and postures.


Premise: In what century was polygenism most widespread?

Hypothesis: In the last two decades of the 18th century, the theory of polygenism, the belief that different races had evolved separately in each continent and shared no common ancestor, was advocated in England by historian Edward Long and anatomist Charles White, in Germany by ethnographers Christoph Meiners and Georg Forster, and in France by Julien-Joseph Virey.


Premise: Where was the Hoffler Klinik supposed to be located?

Hypothesis: Production was temporarily halted first by an injury to Craig, who sprained his knee whilst shooting a fight scene, and later by an accident involving a filming vehicle that saw three crew members injured, at least one of them seriously.


Premise: In what year did GE acquire Kelman Ltd.?

Hypothesis: In August 2008 it acquired Kelman Ltd, a Northern Ireland company specializing in advanced monitoring and diagnostics technologies for transformers used in renewable energy generation, and announced an expansion of its business in Northern Ireland in May 2010.


Premise: Another assumption was that the target would maintain a steady course along with what other two factors?

Hypothesis: Second, that the target would maintain a steady course, speed and height.


Premise: What mountain range is north of Tucson?

Hypothesis: Tucson is situated on an alluvial plain in the Sonoran desert, surrounded by five minor ranges of mountains: the Santa Catalina Mountains and the Tortolita Mountains to the north, the Santa Rita Mountains to the south, the Rincon Mountains to the east, and the Tucson Mountains to the west.


Premise: The city has two bike Action Plans of how many years?

Hypothesis: The city is also in the process of implementing a 5-year and 20 year Bike Action Plan with a goal of attaining 14 to 35% bicycle transportation mode share by 2030 through the installation of enhanced bicycle infrastructure throughout the city.


Premise: What is different about the second level roads?

Hypothesis: A second level (where tolls are charged) of the Periférico, colloquially called the segundo piso ("second floor"), was officially opened in 2012, with sections still being completed.


Premise: What did the iMac replace the floppy disk drive with?

Hypothesis: The iMac did away with most of Apple's standard (and usually proprietary) connections, such as SCSI and ADB, in favor of two USB ports.


Premise: When did the slave trade hit the CAR region?

Hypothesis: During the 16th and 17th centuries slave traders began to raid the region as part of the expansion of the Saharan and Nile River slave routes.


Premise: At what gathering was the First Crusade preached?

Hypothesis: One feature of the crusades was the pogroms against local Jews that often took place as the crusaders left their countries for the East.


Premise: What was Barcelona's revenue in 2010?

Hypothesis: According to Deloitte, Barcelona had a recorded revenue of €366 million in the same period, ranking second to Real Madrid, who generated €401 million in revenue.


Premise: What did this literature help with that was written in Cyrillic?

Hypothesis: The church had a liturgy written in Cyrillic and a corpus of translations from Greek that had been produced for the Slavic peoples.


Premise: What was the verdict at the Council of Sardica?

Hypothesis: It was Hosius who presided over the Council of Sardica, as he did for the First Council of Nicaea, which like the 341 synod, found Athanasius innocent.


Premise: Who owned the Detroit Drive in this period?

Hypothesis: One of the league's early success stories was the Detroit Drive.


Premise: How many homes were totally destroyed in the Plymouth Blitz?

Hypothesis: This was largely due to Plymouth's status as a major port Charles Church was hit by incendiary bombs and partially destroyed in 1941 during the Blitz, but has not been demolished, as it is now an official permanent monument to the bombing of Plymouth during World War II.


Premise: Where do Armenians mostly live besides Armenia?

Hypothesis: Armenians constitute the main population of Armenia and the de facto independent Nagorno-Karabakh Republic.


Premise: What type of material is used to make CDs?

Hypothesis: Small granules of heated raw polycarbonate plastic are fed into the press.


Premise: When did the Ottomans lose the territory of Albania, Macedonia and Thrace?

Hypothesis: At the beginning of the 19th century the Ottoman Empire included all of the Balkan Peninsula north to the southern edge of the Hungarian Plain, but by 1914 had lost all of it except Constantinople and Eastern Thrace to the rise of Balkan nationalism, which saw the independence of Greece, Serbia, the Danubian Principalities and Bulgaria.


Premise: Due to his reporting skills, some give Russell credit for doing what?

Hypothesis: The Crimean War also saw the first tactical use of railways and other modern inventions, such as the electric telegraph, with the first "live" war reporting to The Times by William Howard Russell.


Premise: What is a common method of misuse?

Hypothesis: Self prescription of antibiotics is an example of misuse.


Premise: In what year did Umar ibn Ad Al-Aziz die?

Hypothesis: Umar ibn Abd al-Aziz was later poisoned in the year 720.


Premise: How was migration developed?

Hypothesis: While it is agreed that the behavioral and physiological adaptations necessary for migration are under genetic control, some authors have argued that no genetic change is necessary for migratory behavior to develop in a sedentary species because the genetic framework for migratory behavior exists in nearly all avian lineages.


Premise: How many housing units were there in Boston in 2010?

Hypothesis: Some 1.2 million persons may be within Boston's boundaries during work hours, and as many as 2 million during special events.


Premise: Which article in the Norweigan Constitution provides a way to override a monarch's veto?

Hypothesis: Should the sovereign ever choose to exercise this privilege, Article 79 provides a means by which his veto may be over-ridden: "If a Bill has been passed unaltered by two sessions of the Storting, constituted after two separate successive elections and separated from each other by at least two intervening sessions of the Storting, without a divergent Bill having been passed by any Storting in the period between the first and last adoption, and it is then submitted to the King with a petition that His Majesty shall not refuse his assent to a Bill which, after the most mature deliberation, the Storting considers to be beneficial, it shall become law even if the Royal Assent is not accorded before the Storting goes into recess."


Premise: What do Australian citizens need in order to travel to Norfolk Island?

Hypothesis: Citizens of all other nations must carry a passport to travel to Norfolk Island even if arriving from other parts of Australia.


Premise: Approximately how many passengers used Indira Gandhi Airport from 2012-2013?

Hypothesis: In 2012-13, the airport was used by more than 35 million passengers, making it one of the busiest airports in South Asia.


Premise: In what year was Jan Hus burned at the stake?

Hypothesis: Hus gained a great following in Bohemia, and in 1414, he was requested to appear at the Council of Constance to defend his cause.


Premise: What section of the temperate climate zone does Estonia reside?

Hypothesis: Estonia has four seasons of near-equal length.


Premise: When was the very first Nanjing Yangtze River Bridge finished?

Hypothesis: In the 1960s, the first Nanjing Yangtze River Bridge was completed, and served as the only bridge crossing over the Lower Yangtze in eastern China at that time.


Premise: Tengen reverse engineered the lockout chip to develop what animal monikered prototype?

Hypothesis: The company attempted to reverse engineer the lockout chip to develop its own "Rabbit" chip.


Premise: What were the townsfolk prohibited from doing?

Hypothesis: On April 26, 1496 King John I Albert granted the Privilege of Piotrków (Polish: "Przywilej piotrkowski", "konstytucja piotrkowska" or "statuty piotrkowskie"), increasing the nobility's feudal power over serfs.


Premise: When was the General Artigas Central Station abandoned?

Hypothesis: A new station, 500 metres (1,600 ft) north of the old one and part of the Tower of Communications modern complex, has taken over the rail traffic.


Premise: What type of worldview did New York's no wave movement tend to have?

Hypothesis: Also emerging during this period was New York's no wave movement, a short-lived art and music scene that began in part as a reaction against punk's recycling of traditionalist rock tropes and often reflected an abrasive, confrontational and nihilistic worldview.


Premise: What was the highest building in Houston completed in 1982?

Hypothesis: many by real estate developer Gerald D. Hines—culminating with Houston's tallest skyscraper, the 75-floor, 1,002-foot (305 m)-tall JPMorgan Chase Tower (formerly the Texas Commerce Tower), completed in 1982.


Premise: How many satellite campuses are run by BYU?

Hypothesis: The university also administers two satellite campuses, one in Jerusalem and one in Salt Lake City, while its parent organization, the Church Educational System (CES), sponsors sister schools in Hawaii and Idaho.


Premise: What did Imperial College announce it would do after Professor Grimm's death?

Hypothesis: In September 2014, Professor Stefan Grimm, of the Department of Medicine, was found dead after being threatened with dismissal for failure to raise enough grant money.


Premise: If a provincial case is appealed, how is the Supreme Court's decision applied?

Hypothesis: The title "Supreme" can be confusing because, for example, The Supreme Court of British Columbia does not have the final say and controversial cases heard there often get appealed in higher courts - it is in fact one of the lower courts in such a process.


Premise: Which Democratic nominee declared his intention to enter into the presidential race, in the fall of 2003?

Hypothesis: In September 2003, retired four-star general Wesley Clark announced his intention to run in the presidential primary election for the Democratic Party nomination.


Premise: What were Arab admirers of Nasser called?

Hypothesis: They called themselves "Nasserites", despite Nasser's objection to the label (he preferred the term "Arab nationalists").


Premise: Insects walk the ground in alternating what?

Hypothesis: Some species, such as water striders, are capable of walking on the surface of water.


Premise: What was the typical main focus of rooms?

Hypothesis: Inside ornament was far more generous, and could sometimes be overwhelming.


Premise: What happened in 1893 that destroyed most of the mosaics in the mosque?

Hypothesis: In 1893 a fire damaged the mosque extensively, and many mosaics were lost, although some have been restored since.


Premise: What other religions form a small percentage?

Hypothesis: The Buddhists constitute 1.15% are mainly natives and tribals from Lahaul and Spiti, where they form majority of 60% and Kinnaur where they form 40%, however the bulk are refugees from Tibet.


Premise: What lands did the White Huns take in the 5th century?

Hypothesis: The White Huns established themselves in modern-day Afghanistan by the first half of the 5th century.


Premise: Who are "mestizos"?

Hypothesis: In addition, social conditions have changed and many multiracial people do not believe it is socially advantageous to try to "pass" as white.


Premise: How many of the indigenous peoples in Mexico speak an indigenous language?

Hypothesis: The "General Law of Linguistic Rights of the Indigenous Peoples" grants all indigenous languages spoken in Mexico, regardless of the number of speakers, the same validity as Spanish in all territories in which they are spoken, and indigenous peoples are entitled to request some public services and documents in their native languages.


Premise: IBM span off its printer manufacturer in 1991, what was its name?

Hypothesis: In 2014, IBM announced that it would go "fabless" by offloading IBM Micro Electronics semiconductor manufacturing to GlobalFoundries, a leader in advanced technology manufacturing, citing that semiconductor manufacturing is a capital-intensive business which is challenging to operate without scale.


Premise: When did the European Commission say they would investigate the bundling?

Hypothesis: In January 2009, the European Commission announced it would investigate the bundling of Internet Explorer with Windows operating systems from Microsoft, saying "Microsoft's tying of Internet Explorer to the Windows operating system harms competition between web browsers, undermines product innovation and ultimately reduces consumer choice."


Premise: Who was Kerry saying was stuck in Iraq?

Hypothesis: He also said that from the context of the speech which, prior to the "stuck in Iraq" line, made several specific references to Bush and elements of his biography, that Kerry was referring to President Bush and not American troops in general.


Premise: The interracial couples in Liberia result in what?

Hypothesis: Numerous immigrants have come as merchants and become a major part of the business community, including Lebanese, Indians, and other West African nationals.


Premise: Who inspired this hiatus?

Hypothesis: During the break she and her father parted ways as business partners.


Premise: Along with urban adult contemporary and smooth jazz, what station format might feature music from Sade?

Hypothesis: Anita Baker, Sade, Regina Belle, and Luther Vandross are other examples of artists who appeal to mainstream AC, urban AC and smooth jazz listeners.


Premise: How many consecutive years did either the performance or results show rank number one?

Hypothesis: Seasonal rankings (based on average total viewers per episode) of American Idol.


Premise: What was the final Famicom game released in North America?

Hypothesis: no Bōken Jima IV (Adventure Island IV), while in North America, Wario's Woods is the final licensed game.


Premise: What was said to have occurred between some supporters and protesters?

Hypothesis: A couple of skirmishes between the protesters and supporters were reported.


Premise: What was the objective of the MIM-104 Patriot Missile batteries during the first Gulf War?

Hypothesis: An example of area defence is the defence of Saudi Arabia and Israel by MIM-104 Patriot missile batteries during the first Gulf War, where the objective was to cover populated areas.


Premise: When did poster art become an important art form?

Hypothesis: Poster art also became an important art form in Paris in the late nineteenth century, through the work of Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec, Jules Chéret, Eugène Grasset, Adolphe Willette, Pierre Bonnard, Georges de Feure, Henri-Gabriel Ibels, Gavarni, and Alphonse Mucha.


Premise: What is the name of the Somali postal service?

Hypothesis: It is part of the Ministry of Information, Posts and Telecommunication.


Premise: What is the  transfer of genetic material through a mechanism other than reproduction known as?

Hypothesis: This mechanism is a common source of new genes in prokaryotes, sometimes thought to contribute more to genetic variation than gene duplication.


Premise: What does each state posess?

Hypothesis: The fifty American states are separate sovereigns, with their own state constitutions, state governments, and state courts.


Premise: Which term did Willett use in his 1907 proposal to refer to DST?

Hypothesis: Continental Europe uses similar phrases, such as Sommerzeit in Germany, zomertijd in Dutch-speaking regions, kesäaika in Finland, horario de verano or hora de verano in Spain and heure d'été in France, whereas in Italy the term is ora legale, that is, legal time (legally enforced time) as opposed to "ora solare", solar time, in winter.


Premise: The German Empire had how many universities?

Hypothesis: This pace continued until by the end of the 18th century there were approximately 143 universities in Europe and Eastern Europe, with the highest concentrations in the German Empire (34), Italian countries (26), France (25), and Spain (23) –


Premise: What was Living Black about?

Hypothesis: In contrast to previous definitions based solely on the degree of Aboriginal ancestry, in 1990 the Government changed the legal definition of Aboriginal to include any:


Premise: Who developed New San Diego that was south of the first location?

Hypothesis: The original town of San Diego was located at the foot of Presidio Hill, in the area which is now Old Town San Diego State Historic Park.


Premise: Who was in charge of the construction of the Notre Dame Cathedral?

Hypothesis: The Left Bank was the site of the University of Paris, a corporation of students and teachers formed in the mid-12th century to train scholars first in theology, and later in canon law, medicine and the arts.