Premise: How many chances to disrupt the 9/11 attacks did the FBI dismiss?

Hypothesis: The Post reported from Zegart's book that government documents show the CIA and FBI missed 23 potential chances to disrupt the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001.


Premise: What was the purpose of the 1889 Universal Exposition?

Hypothesis: Paris became the laboratory of Naturalism (Émile Zola) and Symbolism (Charles Baudelaire and Paul Verlaine), and of Impressionism in art (Courbet, Manet, Monet, Renoir.)


Premise: What is the name of the business that produces a significant portion of Telemundo's original programming?

Hypothesis: Miami is a major television production center, and the most important city in the U.S. for Spanish language media.


Premise: What is the national marriage average among college graduates?

Hypothesis: This is compared to a national marriage average among college graduates of 11 percent.


Premise: What country has many students that attend Al-Rashid Islamic Institute?

Hypothesis: The first Madressa established in North America, Al-Rashid Islamic Institute, was established in Cornwall, Ontario in 1983 and has graduates who are Hafiz (Quran) and Ulama.


Premise: The conversion of omega-6 DGLA to AA is able to help regulate which process?

Hypothesis: The conversion rate of omega-6 DGLA to AA largely determines the production of the prostaglandins PGE1 and PGE2.


Premise: When the Soviet Union ended in 1991, what was the RSFSR government called?

Hypothesis: The first government was headed by Vladimir Lenin as "Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars of the Russian SFSR" and the last by Boris Yeltsin as both head of government and head of state under the title "President".


Premise: What are Air Force Officer promotions overseen by?

Hypothesis: DOPMA also establishes limits on the number of officers that can serve at any given time in the Air Force.


Premise: John spent much of 1205 doing what?

Hypothesis: John spent much of 1205 securing England against a potential French invasion.


Premise: What is the process by which a mature mRNA molecule is used as a template for synthesizing a new protein called?

Hypothesis: During and after synthesis, most new proteins must folds to their active three-dimensional structure before they can carry out their cellular functions.:3


Premise: Which state is not a member of ASEAN?

Hypothesis: Papua New Guinea has stated that it might join ASEAN, and is currently an observer.


Premise: What was the importance of a red flag flown by a warship in the Middle Ages?

Hypothesis: In automobile races, the red flag is raised if there is danger to the drivers.


Premise: When did Bush accept the Republican nomination?

Hypothesis: On March 10, 2004, Bush officially clinched the number of delegates needed to be nominated at the 2004 Republican National Convention in New York City.


Premise: How did Victoria feel about the prospect of having to live with her mother, no matter how far away in the palace they put her?

Hypothesis: When Victoria complained to Melbourne that her mother's close proximity promised "torment for many years", Melbourne sympathised but said it could be avoided by marriage, which Victoria called a "schocking  [sic] alternative".


Premise: What did Williams say should be done about Hopkins?

Hypothesis: Zoe Williams commented in The Guardian: "It is no joke when people start talking like this.


Premise: When did Bermudians serve in the British Armed forces?

Hypothesis: Bermudians served in the British armed forces during both World War I and World War II.


Premise: Who came in line for the throne before Victoria?

Hypothesis: At birth, Victoria was fifth in the line of succession after her father and his three older brothers: the Prince Regent, the Duke of York, and the Duke of Clarence (later William IV).


Premise: Which community is the longest continuous Chinese settlement in the Western World?

Hypothesis: An influx of interstate and overseas migrants, particularly Irish, German and Chinese, saw the development of slums including a temporary "tent city" established on the southern banks of the Yarra.


Premise: Wifi, bluetooth, and cell phone networks are examples of what?

Hypothesis: Connected cars may use wifi and bluetooth to communicate with onboard consumer devices, and the cell phone network to contact concierge and emergency assistance services or get navigational or entertainment information; each of these networks is a potential entry point for malware or an attacker.


Premise: What is a successful landing?

Hypothesis: "The subsequent ground contact or impact landing phase must be achieved using a safe, aesthetic and well-executed double foot landing."


Premise: The polarization of what antenna is essential specification?

Hypothesis: Even when the antenna system has a vertical orientation, such as an array of horizontal dipole antennas, the polarization is in the horizontal direction corresponding to the current flow.


Premise: Where did DJ Kool Herc hold parties?

Hypothesis: The Bronx's evolution from a hot bed of Latin jazz to an incubator of hip hop was the subject of an award-winning documentary, produced by City Lore and broadcast on PBS in 2006, "From Mambo to Hip Hop: A South Bronx Tale".


Premise: How long did three-phase system operate in Cascade Tunnel?

Hypothesis: Three-phase AC railway electrification was used in Italy, Switzerland and the United States in the early twentieth century.


Premise: When were the technical rules for the Japanses version of men's rhythmic gymnastics formed?

Hypothesis: For individuals, only four types of apparatus are used: the double rings, the stick, the rope, and the clubs.


Premise: What small music venue in Southampton is named after an aquatic mammal?

Hypothesis: The nightclub, Junk, has been nominated for the UK's best small nightclub, and plays host to a range of dance music's top acts.


Premise: Which Scythian people with the Bosporans have strong trade contacts with?

Hypothesis: At least some Scythians seem to have become Hellenized, because we know of conflicts between the elites of the Scythian kingdom over the adoption of Greek ways.


Premise: What is STOIC's modern name?

Hypothesis: The department had bought an early AMPEX Type A 1-inch videotape recorder and this was used to produce an occasional short news programme which was then played to students by simply moving the VTR and a monitor into a common room.


Premise: Whom did Lee base the characters in To Kill a Mockingbird on?

Hypothesis: To Kill a Mockingbird is a novel by Harper Lee published in 1960.


Premise: What type of properties of heartwood and sapwood is often the same even if their colors are very different?

Hypothesis: This is produced by deposits in the heartwood of chemical substances, so that a dramatic color difference does not mean a dramatic difference in the mechanical properties of heartwood and sapwood, although there may be a dramatic chemical difference.


Premise: What countries did Idris visit in the summer of 1969?

Hypothesis: Gaddafi's Free Officers recognized this as their chance to overthrow the monarchy, initiating "Operation Jerusalem".


Premise: How many people make up the Guam legislation?

Hypothesis: Guam is governed by a popularly elected governor and a unicameral 15-member legislature, whose members are known as senators.


Premise: What resulted from Europe's exploration of the New World?

Hypothesis: The combination of resource inflows from the New World and the Industrial Revolution of Great Britain, allowed a new economy based on manufacturing instead of subsistence agriculture.


Premise: What was introduced by President Barack Obama in June 2009?

Hypothesis: United States President Barack Obama and key advisers introduced a series of regulatory proposals in June 2009.


Premise: What did the National Academy of Science's study discover?

Hypothesis: A similarly comprehensive study of over-the-counter products began ten years later.


Premise: Why did the US use the CIA instead of the Air Force to run drones?

Hypothesis: The U.S. Government uses the CIA rather than the U.S. Air Force for strikes in Pakistan in order to avoid breaching sovereignty through military invasion.


Premise: What major retailer sold HP-branded iPod devices?

Hypothesis: On January 8, 2004, Hewlett-Packard (HP) announced that they would sell HP-branded iPods under a license agreement from Apple.


Premise: What items are discussed at party retreats?

Hypothesis: Minority leaders may engage in numerous activities to publicize their party's priorities and to criticize the opposition's.


Premise: What are examples of a cell's external environment?

Hypothesis: Genes are regulated so that they are expressed only when the product is needed, since expression draws on limited resources.:7 A cell regulates its gene expression depending on its external environment (e.g. available nutrients, temperature and other stresses), its internal environment (e.g. cell division cycle, metabolism, infection status), and its specific role if in a multicellular organism.


Premise: How did deputies represent al-Mahdi?

Hypothesis: During the Minor Occultation (Ghaybat al-Sughrá), it is believed that al-Mahdi maintained contact with his followers via deputies (Arab.


Premise: What was Jacobi's improved motor used to propel?

Hypothesis: After many other more or less successful attempts with relatively weak rotating and reciprocating apparatus the Prussian Moritz von Jacobi created the first real rotating electric motor in May 1834 that actually developed a remarkable mechanical output power.


Premise: Which organization oversees amateur Canadian football?

Hypothesis: There are 20 junior teams in three divisions in the Canadian Junior Football League competing for the Canadian Bowl.


Premise: How much was the investment in new equipment and capabilities worth?

Hypothesis: The review set a defence policy with four primary missions for the Armed Forces:


Premise: In which state was Hidalgo's headless body buried?

Hypothesis: Those remains would later be transferred in 1824 to Mexico City.


Premise: With what is it preferred that symbols are kept consistent with?

Hypothesis: Symbols are preferably kept consistent with other members of a gene family and with homologs in other species, particularly the mouse due to its role as a common model organism.


Premise: Why was Turkey accused of violating the Geneva Conventions?

Hypothesis: Other violations of the Geneva and the Hague Conventions—both ratified by Turkey—amount to what archaeologist Sophocles Hadjisavvas called "the organized destruction of Greek and Christian heritage in the north".


Premise: In what year did Paul VI officially declare his support of a cross faith translation of the bible?

Hypothesis: When Cardinal Augustin Bea went to see him for permission for a joint Catholic-Protestant translation of the Bible with Protestant Bible societies, the pope walked towards him and exclaimed, "as far as the cooperation with Bible societies is concerned, I am totally in favour."


Premise: How many of the Delhi Metro's stations are located underground?

Hypothesis: Delhi Metro is the world's 12th largest metro system in terms of length.


Premise: Barracks and camps are what percentage of the defence estate?

Hypothesis: The defence estate is divided as training areas & ranges (84.0%), research & development (5.4%), airfields (3.4%), barracks & camps (2.5%), storage & supply depots (1.6%), and other (3.0%).


Premise: What type of Village was located on the Long Wharf?

Hypothesis: Around the start of the 20th century, a growing population of Asian Americans lived in or near Santa Monica and Venice.


Premise: What is the difference in role for Minority leader when majority party holds white house?

Hypothesis: When the White House is controlled by the House majority party, then the House minority leader assumes a larger role in formulating alternatives to executive branch initiatives and in acting as a national spokesperson for his or her party. "


Premise: Which issue of the Wii Menu fixed the issue with Twilight Princess?

Hypothesis: Versions 3.3 and 3.4 of the Wii Menu prevented copying exploited save files onto the console until circumvention methods were discovered, and version 4.0 of the Wii Menu patched the vulnerability.


Premise: in what year did the UK annex the islands?

Hypothesis: In 1816, the United Kingdom annexed the islands, ruling them from the Cape Colony in South Africa.


Premise: Who was the father of Hisham?

Hypothesis: Hisham established his court at Resafa in northern Syria, which was closer to the Byzantine border than Damascus, and resumed hostilities against the Byzantines, which had lapsed following the failure of the last siege of Constantinople.


Premise: What year did non hispanic whites once again become the majority of the population?

Hypothesis: From the 1950s to the end of the 20th century, the proportion of non-Hispanic whites in the city declined; in 2000, non-Hispanic whites made up 49.5% of the city's population, making the city majority-minority for the first time.


Premise: From where did Paul VI conduct mass on the day of his death?

Hypothesis: From his bed he participated in Sunday Mass at 18:00.


Premise: what are most mailbox providers as well?

Hypothesis: Many mailbox providers are also access providers, while others are not (e.g., Yahoo! Mail, Outlook.com, Gmail, AOL Mail, Po box).


Premise: What is the Detroit Electronic Music Festival known as?

Hypothesis: The Detroit Electronic Music Festival, now known as "Movement", occurs annually in late May on Memorial Day Weekend, and takes place in Hart Plaza.


Premise: Who was reported to have been assaulted while trying to help a patient?

Hypothesis: Despite the headline, written by Kelvin MacKenzie, the story was based on allegations either by unnamed and unattributable sources, or hearsay accounts of what named individuals had said – a fact made clear to MacKenzie by Harry Arnold, the reporter who wrote the story.


Premise: Where did Chopin and Sand move to in 1842?

Hypothesis: In 1842 he and Sand moved to the Square d'Orléans, living in adjacent buildings.


Premise: In what period was the Classical architecture vocabulary revived?

Hypothesis: Giorgio Vasari used the term "barbarous German style" in his Lives of the Artists to describe what is now considered the Gothic style, and in the introduction to the Lives he attributes various architectural features to "the Goths" whom he holds responsible for destroying the ancient buildings after they conquered Rome, and erecting new ones in this style.


Premise: Which Royal haemophiliacs are said to have descended from Victoria?

Hypothesis: Royal haemophiliacs descended from Victoria included her great-grandsons, Tsarevich Alexei of Russia, Alfonso, Prince of Asturias, and Infante Gonzalo of Spain.


Premise: Where was the torch relay supposed to take place?

Hypothesis: The route of the torch through the country was scaled down, and there was a minute of silence when the next leg started in city of Ruijin, Jiangxi on the Wednesday after the quake.


Premise: Who makes PetaBox rack systems?

Hypothesis: As of 2009[update], the Wayback Machine contained approximately three petabytes of data and was growing at a rate of 100 terabytes each month; the growth rate reported in 2003 was 12 terabytes/month.


Premise: What two words is 'gastropub' a portanteau of?

Hypothesis: The concept of a restaurant in a pub reinvigorated both pub culture and British dining, though has occasionally attracted criticism for potentially removing the character of traditional pubs.


Premise: In which year CE did Muhammad die?

Hypothesis: Muslims believe the Quran was verbally revealed by God to Muhammad through the angel Gabriel (Jibril), gradually over a period of approximately 23 years, beginning on 22 December 609 CE, when Muhammad was 40, and concluding in 632, the year of his death.


Premise: Who made the announcement that the VooDoo were shutting down?

Hypothesis: Benson's move to shut down the VooDoo came during the Platinum Equity conference call, leading to speculation that he had folded because of the deal.


Premise: Which document is an important confessional document second only to the Bible?

Hypothesis: Some of the splits have been due to doctrinal controversy, while some have been caused by disagreement concerning the degree to which those ordained to church office should be required to agree with the Westminster Confession of Faith, which historically serves as an important confessional document – second only to the Bible, yet directing particularities in the standardization and translation of the Bible – in Presbyterian churches.


Premise: Diethylene glycol is mainly used today as what liquid?

Hypothesis: The product was formulated in diethylene glycol, a highly toxic solvent that is now widely used as antifreeze.


Premise: What place in Eritrea is believed to have played a major part in human evolution?

Hypothesis: Dated to over 1 million years old, it is the oldest skeletal find of its kind and provides a link between hominids and the earliest anatomically modern humans.


Premise: Other than Serbo-Croatian, German, Russian, Czech, Slovenian and English, French and Italian, what language does Tito speak?

Hypothesis: [and] also speaks Kirghiz."


Premise: Who produced 'From Mambo To Hip Hop'?

Hypothesis: Hip Hop first emerged in the South Bronx in the early 1970s.


Premise: Who created Minecraft?

Hypothesis: Markus "Notch" Persson (creator of the indie game Minecraft), Gabe Newell (co-founder of Valve Corporation and developer of software distribution platform Steam), and Rob Pardo from Activision Blizzard voiced concern about the closed nature of the Windows Store.


Premise: The Sierra Nevadas are located near which lake?

Hypothesis: On average, the mountains of the western states receive the highest levels of snowfall on Earth.


Premise: When did Better Place shut down?

Hypothesis: However, Israel's trailblazing electric car company Better Place shut down in 2013.


Premise: According to the OECD, what is Switzerland lagging behind many EU countries in?

Hypothesis: Product market liberalisation is lagging behind many EU countries according to the OECD.


Premise: Where does Greece rank in the work with communications?

Hypothesis: Internet cafés that provide net access, office applications and multiplayer gaming are also a common sight in the country, while mobile internet on 3G and 4G- LTE cellphone networks and Wi-Fi connections can be found almost everywhere.


Premise: What does the Latin word animalis mean?

Hypothesis: In everyday non-scientific usage the word excludes humans – that is, "animal" is often used to refer only to non-human members of the kingdom Animalia; often, only closer relatives of humans such as mammals, or mammals and other vertebrates, are meant.


Premise: The Raj Ghat was designed by what architect?

Hypothesis: The Raj Ghat in the shape of large square platform with black marble was designed by architect Vanu Bhuta.


Premise: What theory address the phenomenon of homomorphisms being neither injective nor surjective?

Hypothesis: In general, homomorphisms are neither injective nor surjective.


Premise: What promoted hatred of Jews because of their descent?

Hypothesis: The "bad" kind promoted hatred of Jews because of their descent.


Premise: To which group can haruspicy to traced?

Hypothesis: Being of independent means, they would be better motivated to maintain a pure, religious practice for the public good.


Premise: Engineered wood products are often used in construction, but what other major type of applications do they have?

Hypothesis: Glued engineered wood products are manufactured by bonding together wood strands, veneers, lumber or other forms of wood fiber with glue to form a larger, more efficient composite structural unit.


Premise: What consoles can be used to play Twilight Princess?

Hypothesis: Originally planned for release on the GameCube in November 2005, Twilight Princess was delayed by Nintendo to allow its developers to refine the game, add more content, and port it to the Wii.


Premise: When was the tungsten filament introduced?

Hypothesis: In 1906, the tungsten filament was introduced.


Premise: What year did Hubway launch?

Hypothesis: In 2008, as a consequence of improvements made to bicycling conditions within the city, the same magazine put Boston on its "Five for the Future" list as a "Future Best City" for biking, and Boston's bicycle commuting percentage increased from 1% in 2000 to 2.1% in 2009.


Premise: What processes are thought to create an evolution toward genocide?

Hypothesis: There is substantial research to indicate how this can be done, but information is only slowly transformed into action.


Premise: Are Safe Harbor agreements and ITPs mutually exclusive?

Hypothesis: The "Safe Harbor" agreement is a voluntary agreement between the private landowner and FWS.


Premise: What percentage of Jews reside in Israel?

Hypothesis: According to a report published in 2014, about 43% of all Jews reside in Israel (6.1 million), and 40% in the United States (5.7 million), with most of the remainder living in Europe (1.4 million) and Canada (0.4 million).


Premise: What was the title of the book written by Crawford about the princesses?

Hypothesis: The two princesses were educated at home under the supervision of their mother and their governess, Marion Crawford, who was casually known as "Crawfie".


Premise: At what point did Rome discover that an alliance between Philip V and Hannibal had been achieved?

Hypothesis: However, Rome discovered the agreement when Philip's emissaries were captured by a Roman fleet.


Premise: What FA cup season did this take place in?

Hypothesis: Chasetown was then a member of the Southern League Division One Midlands (a lower level within the Southern Football League), when they lost to Football League Championship (Level 2) team Cardiff City, the eventual FA Cup runners-up that year.


Premise: How many consecutive NCAA championships did the women's larcrosse team win between 2005 and 2009?

Hypothesis: The women's lacrosse team won five consecutive NCAA national championships between 2005 and 2009, went undefeated in 2005 and 2009, added more NCAA championships in 2011 and 2012, giving them 7 NCAA championships in 8 years, and holds several scoring records.


Premise: To what is the circadian rhythm tied?

Hypothesis: The environmental cues that reset the rhythms each day are called zeitgebers (from the German, "time-givers").


Premise: Under the Peace of Westphalia, who finally recognized Switzerland's neutrality?

Hypothesis: The Old Swiss Confederacy had acquired a reputation of invincibility during these earlier wars, but expansion of the federation suffered a setback in 1515 with the Swiss defeat in the Battle of Marignano.


Premise: What is crucial for biochemical reactions?

Hypothesis: Many important biochemical reactions, such as energy generation, use concentration gradients across membranes.


Premise: What is grounds for expulsion from Jehovah Witnesses, since 1961?

Hypothesis: Since 1961 the willing acceptance of a blood transfusion by an unrepentant member has been grounds for expulsion from the religion.


Premise: Where were Germans that were inhabiting other lands expelled to?

Hypothesis: Many of those had inhabited these lands for centuries, developing a unique culture.


Premise: Who is responsible for stage hand duties, lighting, sound, and management?

Hypothesis: Boys from the School are also responsible for the lighting, sound and stage management of all the productions, under the guidance of several professional full-time theatre staff.


Premise: What is Richmond's Köppen climate classification?

Hypothesis: The mountains to the west act as a partial barrier to outbreaks of cold, continental air in winter; Arctic air is delayed long enough to be modified, then further warmed as it subsides in its approach to Richmond.


Premise: What years did the Zhengtong Emperor reign?

Hypothesis: Zhengtong had the following message delivered to the Great Treasure Prince of Dharma, the Karmapa:


Premise: What field has biodiversity made critical advances in?

Hypothesis: Biodiversity has been critical to advances throughout the field of bionics.


Premise: Which French city did not recognize the Rot-un-Wiss flag?

Hypothesis: With the purpose of "Frenchizing" the region, the Rot-un-Wiss has not been recognized by Paris.


Premise: What broadcast for NBC was Kanye presenting for when he spoke negatively about President Bush?

Hypothesis: In September 2005, NBC broadcast A Concert for Hurricane Relief, and West was a featured speaker.


Premise: How many times did Archbishop Ramsey meet with Paul VI?

Hypothesis: Paul VI was the first pope to receive an Anglican Archbishop of Canterbury, Michael Ramsey in official audience as Head of Church, after the private audience visit of Archbishop Geoffrey Fisher to Pope John XXIII on 2 December 1960.


Premise: When were terms such as "Near East", "Far East", and "Middle East" relegated to the experts?

Hypothesis: Their domain became the Ancient Near East, which could no longer be relied upon to be the Near East.


Premise: What kind of monks lived at the Abbey?

Hypothesis: The first reports of the abbey are based on a late tradition claiming that a young fisherman called Aldrich on the River Thames saw a vision of Saint Peter near the site.


Premise: Which piece is the best, in terms of preservation condition?

Hypothesis: Possibly the best preserved of them is the ensemble of the Tomb of Xiao Xiu


Premise: What are Egypt's 2 most prominent multinational compnaies?

Hypothesis: Egypt's most prominent multinational companies are the Orascom Group and Raya Contact Center.


Premise: To what date has cotton been dated?

Hypothesis: The use of cotton for fabric is known to date to prehistoric times; fragments of cotton fabric dated from 5000 BC have been excavated in Mexico and the Indus Valley Civilization in Ancient India (modern-day Pakistan and some parts of India).


Premise: In what year did Napoleon marry Joséphine de Beauharnais?

Hypothesis: Napoleon married Joséphine de Beauharnais in 1796, when he was 26; she was a 32-year-old widow whose first husband had been executed during the Revolution.


Premise: What are the names of some of the  human right organizations that have been involved in Burmese relations.

Hypothesis: The Freedom in the World 2011 report by Freedom House notes, "The military junta has ... suppressed nearly all basic rights; and committed human rights abuses with impunity."


Premise: What new office allowed government to issue administrative orders faster?

Hypothesis: Through the new Emperor's Private Office, the emperor could issue administrative edicts more directly and with more self-assurance than before.


Premise: What does the abbreviation DCA stand for?

Hypothesis: Defensive Counterair (DCA) is defined as "all the defensive measures designed to detect, identify, intercept, and destroy or negate enemy forces attempting to penetrate or attack through friendly airspace" (JP 1-02).


Premise: What brought the global financial system to the brink of collapse?

Hypothesis: This credit freeze brought the global financial system to the brink of collapse.


Premise: What is the color rendering index of an incandescent light?

Hypothesis: White-balancing is still required to avoid too "warm" or "cool" colors, but this is a simple process that requires only the color temperature in Kelvin as input for modern, digital visual reproduction equipment such as video or still cameras unless it is completely automated.


Premise: What kind of climate does the Sahel have?

Hypothesis: The southern limit of the Sahara is indicated botanically by the southern limit of Cornulaca monacantha (a drought-tolerant member of the Chenopodiaceae), or northern limit of Cenchrus biflorus, a grass typical of the Sahel.


Premise: Which infantry division was involved in the Battle of Osan?

Hypothesis: The KPA progressed southwards, pushing back the US force at Pyongtaek, Chonan, and Chochiwon, forcing the 24th Division's retreat to Taejeon, which the KPA captured in the Battle of Taejon; the 24th Division suffered 3,602 dead and wounded and 2,962 captured, including the Division's Commander, Major General William F. Dean.


Premise: What does affect recent identification in many cases?

Hypothesis: In many instances, mixed racial ancestry is so far back in an individual's family history (for instance, before the Civil War or earlier), that it does not affect more recent ethnic and cultural identification.


Premise: Edmund Dixon is most famous for what inclusions in his 1854 book on poultry ?

Hypothesis: In R. D. Crawford's Poultry breeding and genetics, squabs are omitted but Japanese quail and common pheasant are added to the list, the latter frequently being bred in captivity and released into the wild.


Premise: What are the main types of public transportation?

Hypothesis: The bus network, which is currently run by three companies since 2011, provides more than 370 routes covering all parts of the city and suburban areas.


Premise: How many people carried the torch in England for the 2008 Olympics?

Hypothesis: Of the 80 torch-bearers in London, Sir Steve Redgrave, who started the relay, mentioned to the media that he had received e-mailed pleas to boycott the event and could "see why they would like to make an issue" of it.


Premise: Which two languages strongly influenced Czech?

Hypothesis: Although most Czech vocabulary is based on shared roots with Slavic, Romance, and Germanic languages, many loanwords (most associated with high culture) have been adopted in recent years.


Premise: What legislative act provided that no Indian nation shall be acknowledged as an independent nation with whom the United States may contract by treaty?

Hypothesis: Prior to 1871, the government of the United States regularly entered into treaties with Native Americans but the Indian Appropriations Act of March 3, 1871 (ch. 120, 16 Stat.


Premise: Which dorms are commonly referred to as Plex?

Hypothesis: Dorms include 1835 Hinman, Bobb-McCulloch, Foster-Walker complex (commonly referred to as Plex), and several more.


Premise: What is one non chemical way of dealing with pests?

Hypothesis: Alternatives to pesticides are available and include methods of cultivation, use of biological pest controls (such as pheromones and microbial pesticides), genetic engineering, and methods of interfering with insect breeding.


Premise: What was the name of the 83.5 kg stone that symbolized the Unspunnenfest, first held in 1805?

Hypothesis: Practiced only among the alpine population since prehistoric times, it is recorded to have taken place in Basel in the 13th century.


Premise: What wiped out one third of East Prussia's population during the early 1700's?

Hypothesis: Approximately one-third of East Prussia's population died in the plague and famine of 1709–1711, including the last speakers of Old Prussian.


Premise: By what means did the British govern Tuvalu?

Hypothesis: The islands came under Britain's sphere of influence in the late 19th century, when each of the Ellice Islands was declared a British Protectorate by Captain Gibson of HMS Curacoa between 9 and 16 October 1892.


Premise: Corixids are able to communicate with what type of sounds?

Hypothesis: Some species in Hemiptera, such as the corixids (water boatmen), are known to communicate via underwater sounds.


Premise: Who won season eight of American Idol?

Hypothesis: Allen won the contest in the most controversial voting result since season two.


Premise: What percent of households had children in 2000?

Hypothesis: There were 112,608 households in the city in 2000, of which 26.5% included children below the age of 18, 39.5% were composed of married couples living together, 11.4% reported a female householder with no husband present, and 45.5% classified themselves as nonfamily.


Premise: Intellectual history and social history are used in what?

Hypothesis: Historiography of science, in contrast, often draws on the historical methods of both intellectual history and social history.


Premise: What were CD size "single"-style discs called that were compatible with LaserDisc players?

Hypothesis: These were referred to as CD Video (CD-V) discs, and Video Single Discs (VSD).


Premise: Horace de Saussure built the first box cooker in what year?

Hypothesis: A basic box cooker consists of an insulated container with a transparent lid.


Premise: Companies such as Ford, IBM, Lucent, Samsung and SAP have built what in Nanjing?

Hypothesis: The city has also attracted foreign investment, multinational firms such as Siemens, Ericsson, Volkswagen, Iveco, A.O. Smith, and Sharp have established their lines, and a number of multinationals such as Ford, IBM, Lucent, Samsung and SAP established research center there.


Premise: When were Photo CDs initially released?

Hypothesis: This format is not to be confused with Kodak Picture CD, which is a consumer product in CD-ROM format.


Premise: Which word has been connected to Saint Thomas Christians of Kerala, India?

Hypothesis: In the Indian subcontinent, Christians call themselves


Premise: Why did Victoria visit Ireland in 1861?

Hypothesis: By April 1900, the Boer War was so unpopular in mainland Europe that her annual trip to France seemed inadvisable.


Premise: Who wrote 'Lectures on Pragmatism'?

Hypothesis: In his Harvard "Lectures on Pragmatism" (1903), Peirce enumerated what he called the "three cotary propositions of pragmatism" (L: cos, cotis whetstone), saying that they "put the edge on the maxim of pragmatism".


Premise: The fort was destroy during the fighting only to be rebuilt in what year?

Hypothesis: The fort was reconstructed in 1807 by the federal government (on orders from the Thomas Jefferson administration), and rechristened Fort Nathan Hale, after the Revolutionary War hero who had lived in New Haven.


Premise: What is guano?

Hypothesis: About 120–130 species have become extinct due to human activity since the 17th century, and hundreds more before then.


Premise: What was the largest racial group in Richmond as of 2000?

Hypothesis: As of the census of 2000, there were 197,790 people, 84,549 households, and 43,627 families residing in the city.


Premise: How did Beyonce deal with the miscarriage of her child?

Hypothesis: Beyoncé suffered a miscarriage in 2010 or 2011, describing it as "the saddest thing" she had ever endured.


Premise: What type of medicine is taught at The Government Nizamia Tibbi College?

Hypothesis: The Government Nizamia Tibbi College is a college of Unani medicine.


Premise: Who reached the court of Emperor Huan in AD 166?

Hypothesis: In addition to tributary relations with the Kushans, the Han Empire received gifts from the Parthian Empire, from a king in modern Burma, from a ruler in Japan, and initiated an unsuccessful mission to Daqin (Rome) in AD 97 with Gan Ying as emissary.


Premise: What motto of the team Barcelona appealed to the Catalans?

Hypothesis: According to Manuel Vázquez Montalbán, the best way for the Catalans to demonstrate their identity was by joining Barça.


Premise: When Napoleon left Paris, he went to the palace formerly belonging to whom?

Hypothesis: He left Paris three days later and settled at Josephine's former palace in Malmaison (on the western bank of the Seine about 17 kilometres (11 mi) west of Paris).


Premise: Who directed the purges of Soviets?

Hypothesis: Bobojon Ghafurov, Tajikistan's First Secretary of the Communist Party of Tajikistan from 1946–1956 was the only Tajikistani politician of significance outside of the country during the Soviet Era.


Premise: What does UCOL stand for?

Hypothesis: Many if not all now grant at least bachelor-level degrees.


Premise: What are the two types of group boundaries?

Hypothesis: On the other hand, those who do understand the newcomer's language could take it as an inclusive boundary, through which the newcomer associates herself with them to the exclusion of the other people present.


Premise: What nationality was the diplomat in UNTAG?

Hypothesis: This was won by SWAPO although it did not gain the two-thirds majority it had hoped for; the South African-backed Democratic Turnhalle Alliance (DTA) became the official opposition.


Premise: Along with hygroscopic, cellular, and anisotropic, how is the material of wood described?

Hypothesis: Wood is a heterogeneous, hygroscopic, cellular and anisotropic material.


Premise: What is the time-honored dish served for the morning meal in Burma ?

Hypothesis: Mohinga is the traditional breakfast dish and is Myanmar's national dish.


Premise: What type of revolution began as a result of the third point?

Hypothesis: The fourth point announced that the population must form People's Committees and be armed to defend the revolution, while the fifth proclaimed the beginning of a cultural revolution to expunge Libya of "poisonous" foreign influences.


Premise: What pleas were rejected by the empire?

Hypothesis: Pleas for religious tolerance from traditionalists such as the senator Symmachus (d. 402) were rejected.


Premise: Of the CDs sold, how many were by the contestants with southern ties?

Hypothesis: The show itself is popular in the Southern United States, with households in the Southeastern United States 10% more likely to watch American Idol during the eighth season in 2009, and those in the East Central region, such as Kentucky, were 16 percent more likely to tune into the series.


Premise: In order for a gene to encode multiple proteins, how must its mRNAs be arranged?

Hypothesis: This model has been refined since the discovery of genes that can encode multiple proteins by alternative splicing and coding sequences split in short section across the genome whose mRNAs are concatenated by trans-splicing.


Premise: Which risk associated with serving was specifically highlighted by the findings?

Hypothesis: "Prejudice in any area is an ugly, undemocratic phenomenon, but in the armed services, where all men run the risk of death, it is especially repugnant."


Premise: What were the laws contained in the written Torah known as?

Hypothesis: Jewish theologians, who choose to emphasize the more evolutionary nature of the Halacha point to a famous story in the Talmud, where Moses is miraculously transported to the House of Study of Rabbi Akiva and is clearly unable to follow the ensuing discussion.


Premise: What was Houston the first city to do regain after the recession caused job loss?

Hypothesis: In 2013, Houston was identified as the #1 U.S. city for job creation by the U.S. Bureau of Statistics after it was not only the first major city to regain all the jobs lost in the preceding economic downturn, but after the crash, more than two jobs were added for every one lost.


Premise: What causes an alloy to form a solid solution?

Hypothesis: If the mixture cools and the constituents become insoluble, they may separate to form two or more different types of crystals, creating a heterogeneous microstructure of different phases.


Premise: Where can one find the most sage scrub in San Diego?

Hypothesis: The chaparral and coastal sage scrub habitats in low elevations along the coast are prone to wildfire, and the rates of fire have increased in the 20th century, due primarily to fires starting near the borders of urban and wild areas.


Premise: When did immunology start to become codified as a scientific theory?

Hypothesis: Thucydides noted that people who had recovered from a previous bout of the disease could nurse the sick without contracting the illness a second time.


Premise: Starting in the center of Kathmandu, how many kilometers must one travel to reach Tribhuvan International Airport?

Hypothesis: The main international airport serving Kathmandu and thus Nepal is the Tribhuvan International Airport, located about six kilometers (6 km (3.7 mi)) from the city centre.


Premise: What did the vibrations cause to change?

Hypothesis: I want to see you" into the liquid transmitter, Watson, listening at the receiving end in an adjoining room, heard the words clearly.


Premise: When did the ten-year period for eligible exchange of the drachma to euro end?

Hypothesis: However, in 2001 the euro only existed electronically, so the physical exchange from drachma to euro only took place on 1 January 2002.


Premise: what is allowed but restricted?

Hypothesis: Opposing players may try to regain control of the ball by intercepting a pass or through tackling the opponent in possession of the ball; however, physical contact between opponents is restricted.


Premise: Who said that the state would consider a referendum to end the monopoly that Atlantic City holds on casino gambling?

Hypothesis: In the wake of the closures and declining revenue from casinos, Governor Christie said in September 2014 that the state would consider a 2015 referendum to end the 40-year-old monopoly that Atlantic City holds on casino gambling and allowing gambling in other municipalities.


Premise: In kilometers, what is the distance from Plymouth to Exeter?

Hypothesis: Plymouth (i/ˈplɪməθ/) is a city on the south coast of Devon, England, about 37 miles (60 km)


Premise: Who owned the Dallas Desperados?

Hypothesis: All assets of the Arena Football League were put up for auction.


Premise: According to Shields, which of the books lessons are fundamental and universal?

Hypothesis: Charles Shields, who has written the only book-length biography of Harper Lee to date, offers the reason for the novel's enduring popularity and impact is that "its lessons of human dignity and respect for others remain fundamental and universal".


Premise: Which century signalled the end of the Spanish dollar?

Hypothesis: The p and the s eventually came to be written over each other giving rise to $.


Premise: There are two main languages spoken by the people of Hyderabad, what are they?

Hypothesis: Referred to as "Hyderabadi", the residents of Hyderabad are predominantly Telugu and Urdu speaking people, with minority Bengali, Gujarati (including Memon), Kannada (including Nawayathi), Malayalam, Marathi, Marwari, Odia, Punjabi, Tamil and Uttar Pradeshi communities.


Premise: What does NOFORN stand for?

Hypothesis: A new handling caveat, USA/AUS/CAN/GBR/NZL Five Eyes, used primarily on intelligence messages, gives an easier way to indicate that the material can be shared with Australia, Canada, United Kingdom, and New Zealand.


Premise: Which Secretary of State did President Truman hold discussions about how the US would respond to the invasion of South Korea?

Hypothesis: Truman and Acheson discussed a U.S. invasion response and agreed that the United States was obligated to act, paralleling the North Korean invasion with Adolf Hitler's aggressions in the 1930s, with the conclusion being that the mistake of appeasement must not be repeated.


Premise: What major airport is located to the southwest of Delhi?

Hypothesis: Indira Gandhi International Airport, situated to the southwest of Delhi, is the main gateway for the city's domestic and international civilian air traffic.


Premise: How many Romans lived in Valencia in 138 BC?

Hypothesis: About two thousand Roman colonists were settled there in 138 BC during the rule of consul Decimus Junius Brutus Galaico.


Premise: Where will God resurrected the "other sheep" after Armageddon?

Hypothesis: During Christ's millennial reign, most people who died prior to Armageddon will be resurrected with the prospect of living forever; they will be taught the proper way to worship God to prepare them for their final test at the end of the millennium.


Premise: What activists were reported to have been arrested?

Hypothesis: There were reports that Uighur activists were arrested and some were deported back to China.


Premise: In what year did the Hungarian Revolution take place?

Hypothesis: The United Kingdom could not tolerate Russian dominance of Ottoman affairs, as that would challenge the British domination of the eastern Mediterranean.


Premise: What is a major problem with using bipolar transistors as switches?

Hypothesis: The transistor provides current gain, allowing a relatively large current in the collector to be switched by a much smaller current into the base terminal.


Premise: Is an eldery person with alzheimers having the same problem as a similar aged person experiencing memory loss?

Hypothesis: One of the key concerns of older adults is the experience of memory loss, especially as it is one of the hallmark symptoms of Alzheimer's disease.


Premise: Along with the American Conference, what is the other conference in the AFL?

Hypothesis: Starting 2016, each conference will have only four teams as the champion San Jose SaberCats announced in November 2015 that they were ceasing activity for "reasons not associated with League operations."


Premise: What year was the Jenkins Orphanage created?

Hypothesis: The Jenkins Orphanage was established in 1891 by the Rev. Daniel J. Jenkins in Charleston.


Premise: In what month of 1644 did the Royalists fail to take Redbridge?

Hypothesis: In 1642, during the English Civil War, a Parliamentary garrison moved into Southampton.


Premise: When are Jehovah Witnesses advised to discontinue Bibles studies with students?

Hypothesis: The objective is to start a regular "Bible study" with any person who is not already a member, with the intention that the student be baptized as a member of the group; Witnesses are advised to consider discontinuing Bible studies with students who show no interest in becoming members.


Premise: How many commercial films were produced yearly on average in the early 1960s in Iran?

Hypothesis: The 1960s was a significant decade for Iranian cinema, with 25 commercial films produced annually on average throughout the early 60s, increasing to 65 by the end of the decade.


Premise: Changing values of n, the Boltzmann constant, or other variables resulted in learning what about Planck's law?

Hypothesis: Making an equation out of Planck's law that would reproduce the Rayleigh–Jeans law could not be done by changing the values of h, of the Boltzmann constant, or of any other constant or variable in the equation.


Premise: When did Britain pass Pitt's India Act?

Hypothesis: The following year the British government dissolved the Company and assumed direct control over India through the Government of India Act 1858, establishing the British Raj, where an appointed governor-general administered India and Queen Victoria was crowned the Empress of India.


Premise: Where is football played?

Hypothesis: It is played indoors on a 68-yard field (about half the distance of an NFL field), resulting in a faster-paced and higher-scoring game.


Premise: Who convinced Michael Dell to not use retailers to sell PCs?

Hypothesis: In 1993, to complement its own direct sales channel, Dell planned to sell PCs at big-box retail outlets such as Wal-Mart, which would have brought in an additional $125 million in annual revenue.


Premise: Which entities have the capability to refer a bill to the Supreme Court?

Hypothesis: After a bill has been passed, the Presiding Officer of the Scottish Parliament submits it to the monarch for royal assent after a four-week period, during which the Advocate General for Scotland, the Lord Advocate, the Attorney General or the Secretary of State for Scotland may refer the bill to the Supreme Court of the United Kingdom (prior to 1 October 2009, the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council) for review of its legality.


Premise: What helped with better fuse setting?

Hypothesis: The British dealt with range measurement first, when it was realised that range was the key to producing a better fuse setting.


Premise: What company was forced to sell its interest in NBCUniversal as part of the purchase deal?

Hypothesis: On November 1, 2009, The New York Times reported Comcast had moved closer to a deal to purchase NBCUniversal and that a formal announcement could be made sometime the following week.


Premise: Which Queen tried and failed to raise the hemline of her dress after WWI?

Hypothesis: After World War I, when Queen Mary wished to follow fashion by raising her skirts a few inches from the ground, she requested a lady-in-waiting to shorten her own skirt first to gauge the king's reaction.


Premise: Who did the Kaiser Library's books previously belong to?

Hypothesis: It is the largest library in the country with more than 70,000 books.


Premise: What language are the Apostle's namely believed to have spoken ?

Hypothesis: However, Greece itself had a tendency to cling to paganism and was not one of the influential centers of early Christianity: in fact, some ancient Greek religious practices remained in vogue until the end of the 4th century, with some areas such as the southeastern Peloponnese remaining pagan until well into the 10th century AD.


Premise: Since when have swans been marked?

Hypothesis: Bird migration routes have been studied by a variety of techniques including the oldest, marking.


Premise: What artist did Kanye draw inspiration from when crafting Yeezus?

Hypothesis: It also continues West's practice of eclectic samples: he employs a sample of Nina Simone's "Strange Fruit," an obscure Hindi sample on "I Am a God", and a sample of 1970s Hungarian rock group Omega on "New Slaves".


Premise: Why were the first 256 code points made identical to ISO-8859-1?

Hypothesis: The first 256 code points were made identical to the content of ISO-8859-1 so as to make it trivial to convert existing western text.


Premise: What was formed as the new secret police?

Hypothesis: The State Security Administration (Uprava državne bezbednosti/sigurnosti/varnosti, UDBA) was also formed as the new secret police, along with a security agency, the Department of People's Security (Organ Zaštite Naroda (Armije), OZNA).


Premise: According to the text, what is a possible side effect of neutering a female dog?

Hypothesis: Spayed female dogs are less likely to develop some forms of cancer, affecting mammary glands, ovaries, and other reproductive organs.


Premise: The name "elixir" implied a solution in what liquid?

Hypothesis: In response to this episode, the U.S. Congress passed the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act of 1938, which for the first time required pre-market demonstration of safety before a drug could be sold, and explicitly prohibited false therapeutic claims.


Premise: What is the dress code today at Buckingham?

Hypothesis: Today, there is no official dress code.


Premise: 360 ships landed in what bay?

Hypothesis: 360 ships sailed in seven columns, each steamer towing two sailing ships.:422 Anchoring on 13 September in the bay of Eupatoria, the town surrendered and 500 Marines landed to occupy it.


Premise: What process can sometimes seem arbitrary today?

Hypothesis: In this case it can be seen that the pronunciation of the character is slightly different from that of its phonetic indicator; the process of historical phonetic change means that the composition of such characters can sometimes seem arbitrary today.


Premise: For what NFL team did Lynn Swann play?

Hypothesis: Former Pittsburgh Steelers wide receiver Lynn Swann was one of the team's owners.


Premise: When did season six premiere?

Hypothesis: Season six began on Tuesday, January 16, 2007.


Premise: What is part of the reason for the varying estimates of the bisexual population?

Hypothesis: Some studies only consider a person bisexual if they are nearly equally attracted to both sexes, and others consider a person bisexual if they are at all attracted to the same sex (for otherwise mostly heterosexual persons) or to the opposite sex (for otherwise mostly homosexual persons).


Premise: What must organisms have a measurable level of to be seen as a subspecies?

Hypothesis: Dean Amadon proposed in 1949 that subspecies would be defined according to the seventy-five percent rule which means that 75% of a population must lie outside 99% of the range of other populations for a given defining morphological character or a set of characters.


Premise: In what year did Pope Benedict XV revise the Code of Canon Law?

Hypothesis: Since the time of Pope John XXIII a priest who is appointed a cardinal must be consecrated a bishop, unless he obtains a dispensation.


Premise: What is the German work for German town law?

Hypothesis: German town law (Stadtrecht) was promoted by the presence of large, relatively wealthy German populations, their influence and political power.


Premise: A wrestler may have a small person called what?

Hypothesis: Some wrestlers may have their own specific "mini me", like Mascarita Sagrada, Alebrije has Quije, etc.


Premise: How many buildings were damaged by the 1886 earthquake in Charleston?

Hypothesis: On August 31, 1886, Charleston was nearly destroyed by an earthquake.


Premise: In what what unit is the capacitance reported for capacitors used in power factor correction?

Hypothesis: Usually, the values of these capacitors are given not in farads but rather as a reactive power in volt-amperes reactive (var).


Premise: What is the name of the tennis complex, cited as one of the largest worldwide, located in New Haven?

Hypothesis: The city is home to the Pilot Pen International tennis event, which takes place every August at the Connecticut Tennis Center, one of the largest tennis venues in the world.


Premise: How was rag paper superior to the early types of paper made using alum?

Hypothesis: The cellulose fibres that make up paper are hydrolyzed by acid, and the presence of alum would eventually degrade the fibres until the paper disintegrated in a process that has come to be known as "slow fire".


Premise: Who was the first king of Artaxiad dynasty of Armenia?

Hypothesis: During the reign of the Artaxiads, Armenia went through a period of hellenization.


Premise: What is the name of the airport in the eastern half of the country?

Hypothesis: There are also international flights, mainly to Russia, from Khujand Airport in the northern part of the country as well as limited international services from Kulob Airport, and Qurghonteppa International Airport.


Premise: What punishment is a human rights violation per the US state Dept?

Hypothesis: The U.S. State Department alleged that major human rights abuses such as extrajudicial executions by security forces, torture, beatings and rape of suspects and prisoners occurred with impunity.


Premise: What limits the size of a trophic pyramid?

Hypothesis: One way of classifying predators is by trophic level.


Premise: What was Marvel's self-hosted comic book convention called?

Hypothesis: At the 1975 event, Stan Lee used a Fantastic Four panel discussion to announce that Jack Kirby, the artist co-creator of most of Marvel's signature characters, was returning to Marvel after having left in 1970 to work for rival DC Comics.


Premise: When did Kerry earn a Silver Star?

Hypothesis: Moving a short distance upstream, Kerry's boat was the target of a B-40 rocket round; Kerry charged the enemy positions and as his boat hove to and beached, a Viet Cong ("VC") insurgent armed with a rocket launcher emerged from a spider hole and ran.


Premise: What method of voting does Norfolk Island use for it's Assembly?

Hypothesis: It is a method of voting called a "weighted first past the post system".


Premise: What will some of the current US fleet of Nimitz-class carriers be replaced with?

Hypothesis: The current US fleet of Nimitz-class carriers will be followed into service (and in some cases replaced) by the ten-ship Gerald R. Ford class.


Premise: What helped Avicenna understand the Metaphysics of Aristotle?

Hypothesis: As a teenager, he was greatly troubled by the Metaphysics of Aristotle, which he could not understand until he read al-Farabi's commentary on the work.


Premise: What do people speak in Bulgaria?

Hypothesis: Serbian is spoken in Serbia, Bosnia, and Croatia; Bulgarian is spoken in Bulgaria; Croatian is spoken in Croatia and Bosnia; Bosnian is spoken in Bosnia; Slovene is spoken in Slovenia; and Macedonian is spoken in Macedonia.


Premise: Beginning in what century was the Book of Concord a central part of the Lutheran Church?

Hypothesis: Each Lutheran national church establishes its own system of church order and discipline, though these are referred to as "canons."


Premise: What percentage of Brandenburg students went to a Gesamtschule in 2007?

Hypothesis: In the State of Brandenburg more than 50% of all students attended a Gesamtschule in 2007, while in the State of Bavaria less than 1% did.


Premise: Where were the Mongols trying to raise?

Hypothesis: Discussions of strategy in the mid Ming dynasty focused primarily on recovery of the Ordos region, which the Mongols used as a rallying base to stage raids into Ming China.


Premise: What herbalist wrote about medicinal plants in the 16th century?

Hypothesis: Naturalist Ulisse Aldrovandi (1522–1605) was considered the father of natural history, which included the study of plants.


Premise: What did David Atherton co-found?

Hypothesis: The same local musical tradition produced eminent figures such as Sir William Walton (1902–88), son of an Oldham choirmaster and music teacher, Sir Thomas Beecham (1879–1961), born in St. Helens, who began his career by conducting local orchestras and Alan Rawsthorne (1905–71) born in Haslingden.


Premise: How big is the Matthaei botanical garden?

Hypothesis: Ann Arbor's "Tree Town" nickname stems from the dense forestation of its parks and residential areas.


Premise: About how many feet above sea level is Kathmandu?

Hypothesis: However, the urban agglomeration extends well beyond the neighboring municipalities, e. g. to Bhaktapur and just about covers the entire Kathmandu valley.


Premise: When did the first group of people leave Norfolk Island?

Hypothesis: The first group of people left in February 1805, and by 1808 only about 200 remained, forming a small settlement until the remnants were removed in 1813.


Premise: How much of the Bronx's vote in 1916 did Benson get?

Hypothesis: Since then, the Bronx has always supported the Democratic Party's nominee for President, starting with a vote of 2-1 for the unsuccessful Al Smith in 1928, followed by four 2-1 votes for the successful Franklin D. Roosevelt.


Premise: How many analogue transmitters were shut down on July 31, 2012?

Hypothesis: On July 31, 2012, at around 11:59 p.m. in each time zone, the remaining 620 analogue transmitters were shut down, leaving the network with 27 digital television transmitters across the country, and some transmitters operated by some affiliated stations.


Premise: How many troops did Australia send initially?

Hypothesis: The initial force consisted of roughly 3,300 British, 2,000 Canadian, 1,400 from the Netherlands and 240 from Australia, along with special forces from Denmark and Estonia and small contingents from other nations.


Premise: Along with Libya and France, where did Gaddafi speak on the Popular Revolution?

Hypothesis: He began to lecture on this new phase of the revolution in Libya, Egypt, and France.


Premise: Who encouraged de Brum to address climate issues?

Hypothesis: Following the 2013 emergencies, the Minister of Foreign Affairs Tony de Brum was encouraged by the Obama administration in the United States to turn the crises into an opportunity to promote action against climate change.


Premise: What kind of words in Russian have been influenced by Church Slavonic?

Hypothesis: The vocabulary (mainly abstract and literary words), principles of word formations, and, to some extent, inflections and literary style of Russian have been also influenced by Church Slavonic, a developed and partly russified form of the South Slavic Old Church Slavonic language used by the Russian Orthodox Church.


Premise: During the low volume hours, what can the upper deck function as?

Hypothesis: A bank of express elevators stop only on the sky lobby levels (36 and 60, upper-deck car), where tenants can transfer to "local" elevators.


Premise: How does the water vapor that rises in warm air turn into clouds?

Hypothesis: When the air reaches a high altitude, where the temperature is low, water vapor condenses into clouds, which rain onto the Earth's surface, completing the water cycle.


Premise: Which artist resided in Delray?

Hypothesis: In the 1940s, Detroit blues artist John Lee Hooker became a long-term resident in the city's southwest Delray neighborhood.


Premise: Destiny's Child released a compilation album about which topic?

Hypothesis: In February 2013, Beyoncé signed a global publishing agreement with Warner/Chappell Music, which would cover her future songwriting and then-upcoming studio album.


Premise: What was Nathan Hale famous for?

Hypothesis: The Revolutionary War soldier Nathan Hale (Yale 1773) was the prototype of the Yale ideal in the early 19th century: a manly yet aristocratic scholar, equally well-versed in knowledge and sports, and a patriot who "regretted" that he "had but one life to lose" for his country.


Premise: Who gave Camillo di Cavour the orders to send soldiers to aid the French and British forces?

Hypothesis: Camillo di Cavour, under orders of Victor Emmanuel II of Piedmont-Sardinia, sent an expeditionary corps of 15,000 soldiers, commanded by General Alfonso La Marmora, to side with French and British forces during the war.:111–12 This was an attempt at gaining the favour of the French, especially when the issue of uniting Italy would become an important matter.


Premise: When were the mosaics in the Church of St Stephen re-discovered?

Hypothesis: The mosaics of the Church of St Stephen in ancient Kastron Mefaa (now Umm ar-Rasas) were made in 785 (discovered after 1986).


Premise: How fast are signals produced by antenna transmitted?

Hypothesis: Radio waves are electromagnetic waves which carry signals through the air (or through space) at the speed of light with almost no transmission loss.


Premise: In what year was the store destroyed?

Hypothesis: The store was completely destroyed in the 1916 Easter Rising, but reopened in 1922.


Premise: What species declined due to hunting in Afghanistand and Asia?

Hypothesis: The populations of Siberian cranes (Leucogeranus leucogeranus) that wintered in India declined due to hunting along the route, particularly in Afghanistan and Central Asia.


Premise: what type of connection was the first of its kind in Somalia?

Hypothesis: In December 2012, Hormuud Telecom launched its Tri-Band 3G service for internet and mobile clients.


Premise: What are the opposites of injective maps?

Hypothesis: The counterpart to injective maps are surjective maps (every element of the target is mapped onto), such as the canonical map G → G / N.y[›] Interpreting subgroup and quotients in light of these homomorphisms emphasizes the structural concept inherent to these definitions alluded to in the introduction.


Premise: Around how many casualties did the French suffer at Rivoli?

Hypothesis: At Rivoli, the Austrians lost up to 14,000 men while the French lost about 5,000.


Premise: What does the Protocol on Environmental Protection seek to regulate?

Hypothesis: The 1991 Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty also restricts a struggle for resources.


Premise: What did the reformers look to to solve social problems?

Hypothesis: Applied to public life, this approach yielded several successful campaigns for changes in social policy.


Premise: When did Armenia make Christianity its official religion?

Hypothesis: The Arsacid Kingdom of Armenia, itself a branch of the Arsacid dynasty of Parthia, was the first state to adopt Christianity as its religion (it had formerly been adherent to Armenian paganism, which was influenced by Zoroastrianism, while later on adopting a few elements regarding identification of its pantheon with Greco-Roman deities).


Premise: How man wards are there in Southampton?

Hypothesis: Southampton City Council consists of 48 councillors, 3 for each of the 16 wards.


Premise: What was the name of the treaty that ended the war?

Hypothesis: The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, signed on February 2, 1848, by American diplomat Nicholas Trist and Mexican plenipotentiary representatives Luis G. Cuevas, Bernardo Couto, and Miguel Atristain, ended the war, gave the U.S. undisputed control of Texas, and established the U.S.–Mexican border of the Rio Grande.


Premise: What year did Nathaniel Battes settle in North Carolina?

Hypothesis: He settled south of the Chowan River and east of the Great Dismal Swamp in 1655.


Premise: What is Sandra Laing's ethnicity?

Hypothesis: The officials' decisions based on her anomalous appearance disrupted her family and adult life.


Premise: Which Switzerland company obtained the patent for an automatic 20 mm gun during the first World War?

Hypothesis: Nevertheless, while 20 mm was better than a machine gun and mounted on a very small trailer made it easy to move, its effectiveness was limited.


Premise: With which group was Lord Kilbracken associated?

Hypothesis: The Sun favourably cited the opinions of Lord Kilbracken, a member of the All Parliamentary Group on AIDS.


Premise: Who noticed that sleepiness increases and decreases in a 24 hour period?

Hypothesis: In 1896, Patrick and Gilbert observed that during a prolonged period of sleep deprivation, sleepiness increases and decreases with a period of approximately 24 hours.


Premise: When did draining of Lake Texcoco begin?

Hypothesis: Although none of the lake waters remain, the city rests on the lake bed's heavily saturated clay.


Premise: What did Blair agree to in order to get the support of Rupert Murdoch?

Hypothesis: Three days later the paper apologised in another editorial which said The Sun would never again reveal a person's sexuality unless it could be defended on the grounds of "overwhelming public interest".


Premise: When did "Near East" come into use to describe the part of the east closest to Europe?

Hypothesis: In about the middle of the 19th century "Near East" came into use to describe that part of the east closest to Europe.


Premise: How old was Kangxi when he took over?

Hypothesis: Kangxi's long reign started when he was eight years old upon the untimely demise of his father.


Premise: Where did Beyoncé get pregnant?

Hypothesis: Beyoncé suffered a miscarriage in 2010 or 2011, describing it as "the saddest thing" she had ever endured.


Premise: Who visited Chopin in 1844 and wrote about his inability to move?

Hypothesis: Late in 1844, Charles Hallé visited Chopin and found him "hardly able to move, bent like a half-opened penknife and evidently in great pain", although his spirits returned when he started to play the piano for his visitor.


Premise: At the end of the cycle of rebirth a person is called what?

Hypothesis: In Theravada doctrine, a person may awaken from the "sleep of ignorance" by directly realizing the true nature of reality; such people are called arahants and occasionally buddhas.


Premise: What victorious uprising is celebrated in the Jewish festival Hanukkah?

Hypothesis: Antiochus then banned key Jewish religious rites and traditions in Judea.


Premise: What research uses liquid H2?

Hypothesis: Liquid H2 is used in cryogenic research, including superconductivity studies.


Premise: What eye color is believed to be the norm among Greeks ?

Hypothesis: In conclusion the hair colour of young Greeks are mostly brown, ranging from light to dark brown.


Premise: When was the first formal school on record?

Hypothesis: The first school year ran through the summer and didn't end until August 17.


Premise: How many people lived per square kilometer in the city limits?

Hypothesis: According to the same census, three departments bordering Paris, Hauts-de-Seine, Seine-Saint-Denis and Val-de-Marne, had population densities of over ten thousand people per square kilometre, ranking among the ten most densely populated areas of the EU.


Premise: In what other country, besides Mexico, did the film experience administrative issues with local authorities?

Hypothesis: Whilst filming in Mexico City, speculation in the media claimed that the script had been altered to accommodate the demands of Mexican authorities—reportedly influencing details of the scene and characters, casting choices, and modifying the script in order to portray the country in a "positive light"—in order to secure tax concessions and financial support worth up to $20 million for the film.


Premise: The genome-wide genetic study carried out in 2010 by Behar et al. examined the genetic relationship between Jewish groups and what other population?


Premise: Who issued the copper tokens in 1821?

Hypothesis: The coin remains readily available to collectors.


Premise: What philosophy  formed at the time of the Gupta Empire?

Hypothesis: Classical India refers to the period when much of the Indian subcontinent was reunited under the Gupta Empire (c. 320–550 CE).


Premise: The terms GMT and Greenwich Mean Time are also used informally to refer to what?

Hypothesis: Because the rotational period of Earth is not perfectly constant, the duration of a second would vary if calibrated to a telescope-based standard like GMT or UT—in which a second was defined as a fraction of a day or year.


Premise: Which lineage were some of these early marsupial features were lost?

Hypothesis: The oldest known fossil among the Eutheria ("true beasts") is the small shrewlike Juramaia sinensis, or "Jurassic mother from China", dated to 160 million years ago in the Late Jurassic.


Premise: Where is the location of the original Olympic events?

Hypothesis: The People's Republic of China called this a "disgraceful" attempt to sabotage the Olympics.


Premise: How far back did records show the art of sound recordings?

Hypothesis: Heretofore, electrical recording technology from company to company was considered a proprietary art all the way back to the 1925 Western Electric licensed method used by Columbia and Victor.


Premise: In what Somali enclave in Kenya have Somalis invested over $1.5 billion?

Hypothesis: More recently, Somali entrepreneurs have established themselves in Kenya, investing over $1.5 billion in the Somali enclave of Eastleigh alone.


Premise: what is the great plains?

Hypothesis: The Great Plains is the broad expanse of flat land (a plain), much of it covered in prairie, steppe and grassland, that lies west of the Mississippi River tallgrass prairie states and east of the Rocky Mountains in the United States and Canada.


Premise: What did Irokawa Daikichi act out against?

Hypothesis: In the 1960s younger Japanese scholars led by Irokawa Daikichi, reacted against the bureaucratic superstate, and began searching for the historic role of the common people .


Premise: New Haven is adjacent to what part of the national highway?

Hypothesis: I-95 is infamous for traffic jams increasing with proximity to New York City; on the east side of New Haven it passes over the Quinnipiac River via the Pearl Harbor Memorial, or "Q Bridge", which often presents a major bottleneck to traffic. I-91, however, is relatively less congested, except at the intersection with I-95 during peak travel times.


Premise: What are common ingredients in Guinea-Bissau?

Hypothesis: Common ingredients include yams, sweet potato, cassava, onion, tomato and plantain.


Premise: Where was Thomas Edison's electrical supply network located?

Hypothesis: In 1882, Edison switched on the world's first large-scale electrical supply network that provided 110 volts direct current to fifty-nine customers in lower Manhattan.


Premise: Who is the core guide?

Hypothesis: The British National Formulary is the core guide for pharmacists and clinicians.


Premise: At what juncture did the Qadi focus less on precedent?

Hypothesis: Since the closing of the ijtihad, or Gate of Interpretation, Qadis throughout the Ottoman Empire focused less on legal precedent, and more with local customs and traditions in the areas that they administered.


Premise: What are two songs that reference the school's team colors in their titles?

Hypothesis: , "Kansas Song", "Sunflower Song", "Crimson and the Blue", "Red and Blue", the "Rock Chalk, Jayhawk" chant", "Home on the Range" and "Stand Up and Cheer."


Premise: Who decided the two polities under attack were necessary for the balance of power?

Hypothesis: It therefore undertook to oppose the Russians in both places, one result being the Crimean War.


Premise: When does a USB 2.0 hub operate in high speed mode?

Hypothesis: When a high-speed USB 2.0 hub is plugged into a high-speed USB host or hub, it operates in high-speed mode.


Premise: What did the REF give Imperial as an overall GPA?

Hypothesis: In the REF results 46% of Imperial's submitted research was classified as 4*, 44% as 3*, 9% as 2* and 1% as 1*, giving an overall GPA of 3.36.


Premise: What is the span of the Late Cretaceous period?

Hypothesis: The Late Cretaceous featured a cooling trend that would continue on in the Cenozoic period.


Premise: What year did the dog die that is reported to be the longest lived but not officially in a record book?

Hypothesis: The median longevity of mixed-breed dogs, taken as an average of all sizes, is one or more years longer than that of purebred dogs when all breeds are averaged.


Premise: How many PCs does Dell employ energy management software on?

Hypothesis: The company aims to reduce its external environmental impact through energy-efficient evolution of products, and also reduce its direct operational impact through energy-efficiency programs.


Premise: What number president of Egypt was Nasser?

Hypothesis: 15 January 1918 – 28 September 1970) was the second President of Egypt, serving from 1956 until his death.


Premise: How many Nama's were killed in the war against German occupiers?

Hypothesis: From 1904 to 1907, the Herero and the Namaqua took up arms against the Germans and in calculated punitive action by the German occupiers, the 'first genocide of the Twentieth Century' was committed.


Premise: What part of China did the earthquake occur in?

Hypothesis: Swaminathan Krishnan further added: "There are very strong building codes in China, which take care of earthquake issues and seismic design issues.


Premise: What is a cardinal bishop?

Hypothesis: Cardinal bishops (cardinals of the episcopal order) are among the most senior prelates of the Catholic Church.


Premise: What is notable about cellulose in humans?

Hypothesis: A type of carbohydrate, dietary fiber, i.e. non-digestible material such as cellulose, is required, for both mechanical and biochemical reasons, although the exact reasons remain unclear.


Premise: When was the term Serbo-Croatian first used?

Hypothesis: Croatian linguist Dalibor Brozović advocated the term Serbo-Croatian as late as 1988, claiming that in an analogy with Indo-European, Serbo-Croatian does not only name the two components of the same language, but simply charts the limits of the region in which it is spoken and includes everything between the limits (‘Bosnian’ and ‘Montenegrin’).


Premise: During which time frame were most grandes ecoles relocated?

Hypothesis: There are a high number of engineering schools, led by the Paris Institute of Technology which comprises several colleges such as École Polytechnique, École des Mines, AgroParisTech,


Premise: What is the average temperature in the Congo when the sun is up?

Hypothesis: The dry season is from June to August while in the majority of the country the wet season has two rainfall maxima: one in March–May and another in September–November.


Premise: What was the name of Sinai's film that ushered in Iran's new era of film after the 1979 Revolution?

Hypothesis: After the Revolution of 1979, as the new government imposed new laws and standards, a new age in Iranian cinema emerged, starting with Viva... by Khosrow Sinai and followed by many other directors, such as Abbas Kiarostami and Jafar Panahi.


Premise: About how many stations does New York City's commuter rail network have?

Hypothesis: The combined systems converge at Grand Central Terminal and Pennsylvania Station and contain more than 250 stations and 20 rail lines.


Premise: Who have followed this method?

Hypothesis: The Muslims from Arabia and Persia have followed this method


Premise: Which was targeted more heavily, bomber or fighter command airfields?

Hypothesis: Little tonnage was dropped on Fighter Command airfields; Bomber Command airfields were hit instead.


Premise: Low temperatures in Florida average

Hypothesis: Mean high temperatures for late July are primarily in the low 90s Fahrenheit (32–34 °C).


Premise: How many records has Beyoncé sold throughout the world?

Hypothesis: The Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) listed Beyoncé as the top certified artist of the 2000s, with a total of 64 certifications.


Premise: According to Patrick Knize, what conclusion does the type of arsenic found in Napoleon's hair shafts suggest?

Hypothesis: Their hypothesis was that the calomel given to Napoleon became an overdose, which killed him and left extensive tissue damage behind.


Premise: Its southern mountain ranges are on the border with which country?

Hypothesis: (on the border with León), O Eixe (the border between Ourense and Zamora), Serra de Queixa (in the center of Ourense province), O Faro (the border between Lugo and Pontevedra), Cova da Serpe (border of Lugo and A Coruña), Montemaior (A Coruña), Montes do Testeiro, Serra do Suído, and Faro de Avión (between Pontevedra and Ourense); and, to the south, A Peneda, O Xurés and O Larouco, all on the border of Ourense and Portugal.


Premise: How did chloroplast appear in first vegetation?

Hypothesis: This led to the formation of chloroplasts in algae and plants.


Premise: Who paid the price for the reforms of the voting system?

Hypothesis: As Victoria's monarchy became more symbolic than political, it placed a strong emphasis on morality and family values, in contrast to the sexual, financial and personal scandals that had been associated with previous members of the House of Hanover and which had discredited the monarchy.


Premise: What book did Denis Diderot write?

Hypothesis: Directly based on the works of Newton, Descartes, Pascal and Leibniz, the way was now clear to the development of modern mathematics, physics and technology by the generation of Benjamin Franklin (1706–1790), Leonhard Euler (1707–1783), Mikhail Lomonosov (1711–1765) and Jean le Rond d'Alembert (1717–1783), epitomized in the appearance of Denis Diderot's Encyclopédie between 1751 and 1772.


Premise: The Earl of Mornington would have how many ___ guns on the EIc ships?

Hypothesis: This was not so that they could carry cannon to fend off warships, privateers and pirates on their voyages to India and China (that they could do without permission) but so that, should they have the opportunity to take a prize, they could do so without being guilty of piracy.


Premise: Who disproved Sherrel's hypothesis?

Hypothesis: The writer Sherrel W. Stewart's assertion that "most" African Americans have significant Native American heritage, is not supported by genetic researchers who have done extensive population mapping studies.


Premise: What year was NHK Color created?

Hypothesis: NHK set out to create an HDTV system that ended up scoring much higher in subjective tests than NTSC's previously dubbed "HDTV".


Premise: What was the growing change in opinion about evolution called?

Hypothesis: During "the eclipse of Darwinism" from the 1880s to the 1930s, various other mechanisms of evolution were given more credit.


Premise: Which colony was the official British colony for freed slaves?

Hypothesis: With support from the British abolitionist movement, Parliament enacted the Slave Trade Act in 1807, which abolished the slave trade in the empire.


Premise: What teachings are the most important to Buddhism?

Hypothesis: These four truths explain the nature of dukkha (suffering, anxiety, unsatisfactoriness), its causes, and how it can be overcome.


Premise: Where is the Joint Multinational Training Center located?

Hypothesis: Collective training at the unit level takes place at the unit's assigned station, but the most intensive training at higher echelons is conducted at the three combat training centers (CTC); the National Training Center (NTC) at Fort Irwin, California, the Joint Readiness Training Center (JRTC) at Fort Polk, Louisiana, and the Joint Multinational Training Center (JMRC) at the Hohenfels Training Area in Hohenfels, Germany.


Premise: In awakening to the true nature of the self, one no longer care about what?

Hypothesis: In awakening to the true nature of the self and all phenomena one develops dispassion for the objects of clinging, and is liberated from suffering (dukkha) and the cycle of incessant rebirths (saṃsāra).


Premise: What do editors call variants that are exactly balanced?

Hypothesis: In such a case, while there can be no logical reason for giving preference to the copy-text, in practice, if there is no reason for altering its reading, the obvious thing seems to be to let it stand.


Premise: What is the "Land of Israel" known as in Hebrew?

Hypothesis: The notion of the "Land of Israel", known in Hebrew as Eretz Yisrael, has been important and sacred to the Jewish people since Biblical times.


Premise: On what date did the Battle of Ourique take place?

Hypothesis: Ecstatic, Afonso heard Jesus promising victories for the coming battles, as well as God's wish to act through Afonso, and his descendants, in order to create an empire which would carry His name to unknown lands, thus choosing the Portuguese to perform great tasks.


Premise: What is another way to refer to the Swazi National Council?

Hypothesis: This development was opposed by the Swazi National Council (liqoqo).


Premise: when was the Kinkaid Act brought about?

Hypothesis: The provisions were expanded under the Kinkaid Act of 1904 to include a homestead of an entire section.


Premise: Who elevated Hanover to the Kingdom of Hanover in 1815?

Hypothesis: This resulted in a great number of soldiers from Hanover eventually emigrating to Great Britain, where the King's German Legion was formed.


Premise: What plan was also administered by the ECA?

Hypothesis: Still, he did not agree to align with the West, which was a common consequence of accepting American aid at the time.


Premise: What has the U.S. Supreme Court repeatedly cited?

Hypothesis: Jefferson's metaphor of a wall of separation has been cited repeatedly by the U.S. Supreme Court.


Premise: Which of Hayek's books argued against the socialist price mechanism?

Hypothesis: He contrasted the use of the price mechanism with central planning, arguing that the former allows for more rapid adaptation to changes in particular circumstances of time and place.


Premise: How many Tibetan villagers were stranded?

Hypothesis: The extreme terrain conditions precluded the use of helicopter evacuation, and over 300 of the Tibetan villagers were stranded in their demolished village for five days without food and water before the rescue group finally arrived to help the injured and stranded villagers down the mountain.


Premise: Under the control of whose army was Galicia under during this war?

Hypothesis: While there were no pitched battles, there was repression and death: all political parties were abolished, as were all labor unions and Galician nationalist organizations as the Seminario de Estudos Galegos.


Premise: What was the estimated capacity of solar water heating and cooling in 2007?

Hypothesis: As with photovoltaics, solar water heating attracted renewed attention as a result of the oil crises in the 1970s but interest subsided in the 1980s due to falling petroleum prices.


Premise: When did Ireland begin to see a growth in its middle class?

Hypothesis: Thus it could claim to be the first purpose-built Department Store in the world.


Premise: In what year did Jose de Quiroga arrive?

Hypothesis: Jose de Quiroga arrived in 1680 and continued some of the development projects started by his predecessors.


Premise: In what is the torch flame kept lit when the torch must be off?

Hypothesis: When the Torch is extinguished at night, on airplanes, in bad weather, or during protests (such as the several occasions in Paris), the Olympic Flame is kept alight in a set of 8 lanterns.[citation needed]


Premise: What movie won the 1930 Academy Award for Best Picture?

Hypothesis: The more serious All Quiet on the Western Front (1930), won its year's Best Picture Oscar.


Premise: What concepts of metaphysics are included in Vedanta?

Hypothesis: According to this school of Vedanta, all reality is Brahman, and there exists nothing whatsoever which is not Brahman.


Premise: When was the movable-type printing press invented?

Hypothesis: This invention made possible the separation of the composition of a piece of music from its transmission; without written music, transmission was oral, and subject to change every time it was transmitted.


Premise: What road did the British construct

Hypothesis: The road crossed the St. Johns River at a narrow point, which the Seminole called Wacca Pilatka and the British named "Cow Ford", both names ostensibly reflecting the fact that cattle were brought across the river there.


Premise: Do those who favor DST say people would rather have an extra hour of daylight before or after their usual workday?

Hypothesis: While the times of sunrise and sunset change at roughly equal rates as the seasons change, proponents of Daylight Saving Time argue that most people prefer a greater increase in daylight hours after the typical "nine-to-five" workday.


Premise: Where did Peter Moor work before being recruited to help on the 360?

Hypothesis: On August 12, 2003, ATI signed on to produce the graphic processing unit for the new console, a deal which was publicly announced two days later.


Premise: How many vertebrates does Brazil's Atlantic Forest contain?

Hypothesis: Brazil's Atlantic Forest is considered one such hotspot, containing roughly 20,000 plant species, 1,350 vertebrates, and millions of insects, about half of which occur nowhere else.[citation needed]


Premise: How long is the run way in vaulting?

Hypothesis: In the vaulting events, gymnasts sprint down a 25 metres (82 ft) runway, jump onto a spring filled board or perform a roundoff, or handspring entry onto a springboard (run/ take-off segment), land momentarily, inverted on the hands on the vaulting horse, or vaulting table (pre flight segment), then propel themselves forward or backward, off of this platform to a two footed landing (post flight segment).


Premise: How many restaurants are there today in Paris?

Hypothesis: Today, thanks to Paris' cosmopolitan population, every French regional cuisine and almost every national cuisine in the world can be found there; the city has more than 9,000 restaurants.


Premise: What is the executive body of the Swiss government called?

Hypothesis: A new Constitution was adopted in 1999, but did not introduce notable changes to the federal structure.


Premise: Where did the depression cause negative effects?

Hypothesis: Cities all around the world were hit hard, especially those dependent on heavy industry.


Premise: What is the beginning of a typical treaty called?

Hypothesis: A treaty typically begins with a preamble describing the contracting parties and their joint objectives in executing the treaty, as well as summarizing any underlying events (such as a war).


Premise: Where is the most chicken enjoyed in Burma ?

Hypothesis: Seafood is a common ingredient in coastal cities such as Sittwe, Kyaukpyu, Mawlamyaing (formerly Moulmein), Mergui (Myeik) and Dawei, while meat and poultry are more commonly used in landlocked cities like Mandalay.


Premise: Each record group is classified based on what?

Hypothesis: NARA's holdings are classed into "record groups" reflecting the governmental department or agency from which they originated.


Premise: Along with the James and the Chickahominy, what is a notable river in the area near Richmond?

Hypothesis: Significant bodies of water in the region include the James River, the Appomattox River, and the Chickahominy River.


Premise: Did von Nemann think that the atomic bomb design was not workable?

Hypothesis: Von Neumann's principal contribution to the atomic bomb was in the concept and design of the explosive lenses needed to compress the plutonium core of the Fat Man weapon that was later dropped on Nagasaki.


Premise: What is the Michelson-Morley experiment?

Hypothesis: The old quantum theory was a collection of results which predate modern quantum mechanics, but were never complete or self-consistent.


Premise: How much value has Mianyang Hi-Tech Industrial Development Zone  output since inception?

Hypothesis: There are more than 136 high-tech enterprises in the zone and they accounted for more than 90% of the total industrial output.


Premise: When did the ancestors of the American Indians separate from their parent population?

Hypothesis: Genetic studies of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) of Amerindians and some Siberian and Central Asian peoples also revealed that the gene pool of the Turkic-speaking peoples of Siberia such as Altaians, Khakas, Shors and Soyots, living between the Altai and Lake Baikal along the Sayan mountains, are genetically closest to Amerindians.[citation needed]


Premise: What is Oklahoma's only HBCU?

Hypothesis: Oklahoma holds eleven public regional universities, including Northeastern State University, the second-oldest institution of higher education west of the Mississippi River, also containing the only College of Optometry in Oklahoma and the largest enrollment of Native American students in the nation by percentage and amount.


Premise: What was a synonym for seppuku?

Hypothesis: A notable part of their code is seppuku (切腹, seppuku?)


Premise: What legal traditions does Israel combine?

Hypothesis: Israel's Basic Law: Human Dignity and Liberty seeks to defend human rights and liberties in Israel.


Premise: What's the most frequently used test configuration procedure for ICs?

Hypothesis: In boundary scan testing, test circuits integrated into various ICs on the board form temporary connections between the PCB traces to test that the ICs are mounted correctly.


Premise: What specialized enzyme is responsible DNA replication?

Hypothesis: The copies are made by specialized enzymes known as DNA polymerases, which "read" one strand of the double-helical DNA, known as the template strand, and synthesize a new complementary strand.


Premise: what dominates the cityscape

Hypothesis: Nevertheless, some tall buildings are now being constructed that will become part of the skyline of Utrecht.


Premise: What did John attempt to relieve in late 1203?

Hypothesis: John's relief operation was blocked by Philip's forces, and John turned back to Brittany in an attempt to draw Philip away from eastern Normandy.


Premise: What was the U.S. unemployment rate in October 2009?

Hypothesis: The U.S. unemployment rate increased to 10.1% by October 2009, the highest rate since 1983 and roughly twice the pre-crisis rate.


Premise: What operating system does Fixstars Solutions offer for the PlayStation 3?

Hypothesis: Fixstars Solutions sells a version of Yellow Dog Linux for PlayStation 3 (originally sold by Terra Soft Solutions).


Premise: What year was Nasser born?

Hypothesis: Gamal Abdel Nasser was born on 15 January 1918 in Bakos, Alexandria, the first son of Fahima and Abdel Nasser Hussein.


Premise: What sorts of departments might one see in a major department store?

Hypothesis: Department stores today have sections that sell the following: clothing, furniture, home appliances, toys, cosmetics, gardening, toiletries, sporting goods, do it yourself, paint, and hardware and additionally select other lines of products such as food, books, jewelry, electronics, stationery, photographic equipment, baby products, and products for pets.


Premise: What is the name of one sweet dessert in Greece?

Hypothesis: Many Greek recipes, especially in the northern parts of the country, use "sweet" spices in combination with meat, for example cinnamon and cloves in stews.


Premise: What must organisms have a measurable level of to be seen as a subspecies?

Hypothesis: This effectively means that populations of organisms must have reached a certain measurable level of difference to be recognised as subspecies.


Premise: What style of Gisbon Mandolin was largely replicated?

Hypothesis: Numerous modern mandolin makers build instruments that largely replicate the Gibson F-5 Artist models built in the early 1920s under the supervision of Gibson acoustician Lloyd Loar.


Premise: How much did CBC say they would save by ceasing analogue operation?

Hypothesis: According to the CBC, this would reduce the corporation's yearly costs by $10 million.


Premise: What happened in 1958 that changed the home music scene?

Hypothesis: After 1949 a variety of improvements in recording and playback technologies, especially stereo recordings, which became widely available in 1958, gave a boost to the "hi-fi" classification of products, leading to sales of individual components for the home such as amplifiers, loudspeakers, phonographs, and tape players.


Premise: What is still the conventional use of the ETX code?

Hypothesis: A historically common and still prevalent convention uses the ETX code convention to interrupt and halt a program via an input data stream, usually from a keyboard.


Premise: What would have led to the starvation of 80 million people in the Soviet Union?

Hypothesis: These partially fulfilled plans resulted in the deaths of an estimated 19.3 million civilians and prisoners of war.


Premise: What type of development has Zhejiang been an epicenter of?

Hypothesis: Zhejiang benefited less from central government investment than some other provinces due to its lack of natural resources, a location vulnerable to potential flooding from the sea, and an economic base at the national average.


Premise: Does a beech tree usually have thin or thick sapwood?

Hypothesis: Some species begin to form heartwood very early in life, so having only a thin layer of live sapwood, while in others the change comes slowly.


Premise: Why is Liaoning not assigned to any of China's operation fleets?

Hypothesis: On 26 December 2012, the People's Daily reported that it will take four to five years for Liaoning to reach full capacity, mainly due to training and coordination which will take significant amount of time for Chinese PLA Navy to complete as this is the first aircraft carrier in their possession.


Premise: Who were the famous students that attended German Lutheran University?

Hypothesis: Its language also remained overwhelmingly German: the German Lutheran university persisted until the French Revolution.


Premise: Who erected a number of large stelae in pre-Christian times?

Hypothesis: The Aksumites erected a number of large stelae, which served a religious purpose in pre-Christian times.


Premise: What format is used to store internal time in systems that use zoneinfo?

Hypothesis: In many of those systems there is also a system-wide setting that is applied if the TZ environment variable isn't set: this setting is controlled by the contents of the /etc/localtime file, which is usually a symbolic link or hard link to one of the zoneinfo files.


Premise: What value does RK represent?

Hypothesis: From the definition of the conventional watt W90, this gives a measure of the product KJ2RK in SI units, where RK is the von Klitzing constant which appears in the quantum Hall effect.


Premise: What is Michael Graham's profession?

Hypothesis: Emotions have also been described as biologically given and a result of evolution because they provided good solutions to ancient and recurring problems that faced our ancestors.


Premise: Who created "The Little Horse?"

Hypothesis: Secular works of art of this period include the equestrian sculpture of Charles IV of Spain, locally known as El Caballito ("The little horse").


Premise: When did Burke's mother die?

Hypothesis: The Burke dynasty descends from an Anglo-Norman knight surnamed de Burgh (latinised as de Burgo) who arrived in Ireland in 1185 following Henry II of England's 1171 invasion of Ireland.


Premise: Imports to the island mostly occur from what countries?

Hypothesis: Imports are mainly from the UK and South Africa and amounted to £6.4 million in 2004-05 (quoted on an FOB basis).


Premise: What year did hernando de Soto arrive in Joara?

Hypothesis: He returned by a different route to Santa Elena on Parris Island, South Carolina, then a center of Spanish Florida.


Premise: What type of school was established in the empire in 1734?

Hypothesis: In 1734 an artillery school was established to impart Western-style artillery methods, but the Islamic clergy successfully objected under the grounds of theodicy.


Premise: What three points in life does the KSOG evaluate?

Hypothesis: In response to the criticism of the Kinsey scale only measuring two dimensions of sexual orientation, Fritz Klein developed the Klein sexual orientation grid (KSOG), a multidimensional scale for describing sexual orientation.


Premise: What is the Marshall Islands often threatened with?

Hypothesis: Population has outstripped the supply of freshwater, usually from rainfall.


Premise: When did Wordsworth initially attack Burke?

Hypothesis: Samuel Taylor Coleridge came to have a similar conversion: he had criticised Burke in The Watchman, but in his Friend (1809–10) Coleridge defended Burke from charges of inconsistency.


Premise: What factors can affect the classification of "blackness"?

Hypothesis: Different societies apply differing criteria regarding who is classified as "black", and these social constructs have also changed over time.


Premise: What description did Peter Lax use for von Neumann?

Hypothesis: "I have sometimes wondered whether a brain like von Neumann's does not indicate a species superior to that of man", said Nobel Laureate Hans Bethe of Cornell University.


Premise: What is the name of the world's oldest underground railway?

Hypothesis: London contains four World Heritage Sites: the Tower of London; Kew Gardens; the site comprising the Palace of Westminster, Westminster Abbey, and St Margaret's Church; and the historic settlement of Greenwich (in which the Royal Observatory, Greenwich marks the Prime Meridian, 0° longitude, and GMT).


Premise: What was largely ignored and upset many of Sadat's polidy?

Hypothesis: In 1975, Sadat shifted Nasser's economic policies and sought to use his popularity to reduce government regulations and encourage foreign investment through his program of Infitah.