Premise: How many new LDS Church wards were added during Wilkinson's presidency?

Hypothesis: Finally, Wilkinson reorganized the LDS Church units on campus, with ten stakes and over 100 wards being added during his administration.


Premise: In 1849 where did Chopin live?

Hypothesis: Here in June 1849 he was visited by Jenny Lind.


Premise: Why was Darwin unhappy with the first French translation of On the Origins of Species?

Hypothesis: Darwin's attempts to find a translator in France fell through, and the translation by Clémence Royer published in 1862 added an introduction praising Darwin's ideas as an alternative to religious revelation and promoting ideas anticipating social Darwinism and eugenics, as well as numerous explanatory notes giving her own answers to doubts that Darwin expressed.


Premise: How much did Barcelona pay to acquire Johan Cruyff?

Hypothesis: The 1973–74 season saw the arrival of Johan Cruyff, who was bought for a world record £920,000 from Ajax.


Premise: How many barracks guarded ancient Kathmandu?

Hypothesis: The city was surrounded by eight barracks guarded by Ajimas.


Premise: Who wrote the book Science Versus Crime which challenged the logic of falsificationism?

Hypothesis: In a book called Science Versus Crime, Houck writes that Popper's falsificationism can be questioned logically: it is not clear how Popper would deal with a statement like "for every metal, there is a temperature at which it will melt.


Premise: Traits and gene frequencies do not always correspond to what type of location?

Hypothesis: Patterns such as those seen in human physical and genetic variation as described above, have led to the consequence that the number and geographic location of any described races is highly dependent on the importance attributed to, and quantity of, the traits considered.


Premise: Do the Spanish have a legacy in America from their forefathers?

Hypothesis: The Spanish explorers explored areas of 42 future U.S. states leaving behind a varying range of Hispanic legacy in the North American continent.


Premise: What Jubilee did Elizabeth celebrate in 1977?

Hypothesis: In 1978, the Queen endured a state visit to the United Kingdom by Romania's communist dictator, Nicolae Ceaușescu, and his wife, Elena, though privately she thought they had "blood on their hands".


Premise: What animals rhythmic feeding times were studied in the early 20th century ?

Hypothesis: In the early 20th century, circadian rhythms were noticed in the rhythmic feeding times of bees.


Premise: Where does Namibia rank in the exportation of uranium?

Hypothesis: Namibia is the fourth largest exporter of non-fuel minerals in Africa and the world's fourth largest producer of uranium.


Premise: What city hosted the 2010 Winter Olympics?

Hypothesis: The U.S. Olympic Committee and Comcast intended to team up to create The U.S. Olympic Network, which was slated to launch after the 2010 Vancouver Olympic Games.


Premise: What newspaper broke the story about Schwarzenegger's child with another woman?

Hypothesis: On May 16, 2011, the Los Angeles Times revealed that Schwarzenegger had fathered a son more than fourteen years earlier with an employee in their household, Mildred Patricia 'Patty' Baena. "


Premise: How many times did Coptic Patriarch Shenouda III meet with Paul VI in 1973?

Hypothesis: A common declaration and a joint Creed issued after the visit demonstrated that there are virtually no more[additional citation needed] theological discrepancies between the Coptic and Roman Catholic Churches.


Premise: What year did Chancellor Wrighton submit another bid for a presidential debate at Washington University after 2004?

Hypothesis: Although Chancellor Wrighton had noted after the 2004 debate that it would be "improbable" that the university will host another debate and was not eager to commit to the possibility, he subsequently changed his view and the university submitted a bid for the 2008 debates.


Premise: How do the capacitors connected in parallel act with currents from the power supply?

Hypothesis: The capacitors act as a local reserve for the DC power source, and bypass AC currents from the power supply.


Premise: What is a significant alternative to MP3?

Hypothesis: Lossless formats include FLAC (Free Lossless Audio Codec), Apple Lossless and many others.


Premise: The India Gate commemorates the lost soldiers of what army?

Hypothesis: It is the national monument of India commemorating the 90,000 soldiers of the Indian Army who lost their lives while fighting for the British Raj in World War I and the Third Anglo-Afghan War.


Premise: Nwankwo Kanu won what honor twice?

Hypothesis: Other players that graduated from the junior teams are Nduka Ugbade, Jonathan Akpoborie, Victor Ikpeba, Celestine Babayaro, Wilson Oruma and Taye Taiwo.


Premise: Which online activity has been consistently associated with increased liklihood of depression?

Hypothesis: The more conclusive finding has been that Internet use has a negative effect on the physical health of adolescents, as time spent using the Internet replaces time doing physical activities.


Premise: What was the final acquisition price paid by GE for Alstom?

Hypothesis: $17 billion was agreed by the Alstom board.


Premise: Where can one study nautical and marine subjects in Cork?

Hypothesis: The National Maritime College of Ireland is also located in Cork and is the only college in Ireland in which Nautical Studies and Marine Engineering can be undertaken.


Premise: What city was Van Halen originally from?

Hypothesis: In 1978, Van Halen emerged from the Los Angeles music scene with a sound based around the skills of lead guitarist Eddie Van Halen.


Premise: What began to alienate the readers from publications such as NME?

Hypothesis: In the music press, the increasingly esoteric writing of post-punk publications soon began to alienate their readerships; it is estimated that within several years, NME suffered the loss of half its circulation.


Premise: According to those who argued against Hayek, what sets planned and free markets apart is what?

Hypothesis: They noted that the difference between a planned and a free market system lay in who was responsible for solving the equations.


Premise: The change in universities towards the completion of the early modern period is credited with the formation of what entity?

Hypothesis: By the end of the early modern period, the structure and orientation of higher education had changed in ways that are eminently recognizable for the modern context.


Premise: What happened in the early 21 st century

Hypothesis: Protest against further modernisation of the city centre followed even before the last buildings were finalised.


Premise: How many separate universities does Houston have?

Hypothesis: Four separate and distinct state universities are located in Houston.


Premise: who transformed happy mondays' "wrote for luck" into a dance hit?

Hypothesis: Two distinctive tracks from this era were the Orb's "Little Fluffy Clouds" (with a distinctive vocal sample from Rickie Lee Jones) and the Happy Mondays' "Wrote for Luck" ("WFL") which was transformed into a dance hit by Vince Clarke.


Premise: Who had admiration for the ancient Estonian culture?

Hypothesis: Although Baltic Germans at large regarded the future of Estonians as being a fusion with themselves, the Estophile educated class admired the ancient culture of the Estonians and their era of freedom before the conquests by Danes and Germans in the 13th century.


Premise: What rappers were featured in the songs that Kanye produced for Tell 'Em Why U Madd?

Hypothesis: West's songs featured guest appearances from rappers such as Ma$e, Raekwon, and Eminem.


Premise: Why were decoy towns used in WW2

Hypothesis: Burning bales of straw soaked in creosote were used to simulate the effects of incendiary bombs dropped by the first wave of Pathfinder night bombers; meanwhile, incendiary bombs dropped on the correct location were quickly smothered, wherever possible.


Premise: What is the Seattle soccer club named?

Hypothesis: The Sounders have not won the MLS Cup but have, however, won the MLS Supporters' Shield in 2014 and the Lamar Hunt U.S. Open Cup on four occasions: 2009, 2010, 2011, and 2014.


Premise: How many helicopters can simultaneously land on Japan's largest military ship?

Hypothesis: The flight deck has five helicopter landing spots that allow simultaneous landings or take-offs.


Premise: What was the median age of Atlantic City?

Hypothesis: In the city the population was spread out with 25.7% under the age of 18, 8.9% from 18 to 24, 31.0% from 25 to 44, 20.2% from 45 to 64, and 14.2% who were 65 years of age or older.


Premise: What was difficult to get set right on the new guns?

Hypothesis: With little experience in the role, no means of measuring target, range, height or speed the difficulty of observing their shell bursts relative to the target gunners proved unable to get their fuse setting correct and most rounds burst well below their targets.


Premise: What song inspired Freddie from Queen's surname?

Hypothesis: It was also around this time Freddie changed his surname to "Mercury", inspired by the line "Mother Mercury, look what they've done to me" in the song "My Fairy King".


Premise: Along with a new constitution, Mali became what type of state in 1991?

Hypothesis: In the late 19th century, during the Scramble for Africa, France seized control of Mali, making it a part of French Sudan.


Premise: The Ilkhans and Tumrids had what type of culture when ruling Iran?

Hypothesis: In 1370, yet another conqueror, Timur, followed the example of Hulagu, establishing the Timurid Empire which lasted for another 156 years.


Premise: What are Germans trying to focus on?

Hypothesis: In the midst of the European sovereign-debt crisis, Radek Sikorski, Poland's Foreign Minister, stated in November 2011, "I will probably be the first Polish foreign minister in history to say so, but here it is: I fear German power less than I am beginning to fear German inactivity.


Premise: Clementa Pinckney served what public office for the state of South Carolina?

Hypothesis: On July 10, 2015, the Confederate battle flag was removed from the South Carolina State House.


Premise: How many miles is Tuscon from Phoenix?

Hypothesis: A major city in the Arizona Sun Corridor, Tucson is the largest city in southern Arizona, the second largest in the state after Phoenix.


Premise: What was Paris Region's GDP in 2012?

Hypothesis: The Paris Region is France's leading region for economic activity, with a 2012 GDP of €624 billion (US$687 billion).


Premise: How many digital copies of her fifth album did Beyoncé sell in six days?

Hypothesis: This made her the first woman in the chart's history to have her first five studio albums debut at number one.


Premise: What were people allowed to do to bricks for a fee to support the stadium redesign?

Hypothesis: In 1980, when the stadium was in need of redesign to meet UEFA criteria, the club raised money by offering supporters the opportunity to inscribe their name on the bricks for a small fee.


Premise: What rebellion happened in 1160?

Hypothesis: Their involvement in the Hōgen in the late Heian period consolidated their power, and finally pitted the rival Minamoto and Taira clans against each other in the Heiji Rebellion of 1160.


Premise: In what ocean is Norfolk Island found?

Hypothesis: Ailen) is a small island in the Pacific Ocean located between Australia, New Zealand and New Caledonia, 1,412 kilometres (877 mi) directly east of mainland Australia's Evans Head, and about 900 kilometres (560 mi) from Lord Howe Island.


Premise: What percent of the fly genome is similar to the human genome

Hypothesis: For example, because of its small size, short generation time and high fecundity, the common fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster is a model organism for studies in the genetics of higher eukaryotes.


Premise: How many times has London hosted the Summer Olympic Games?

Hypothesis: In 2012, London became the first city to host the modern Summer Olympic Games three times.


Premise: How many of the 25,000 vehicles do they plan on getting rid of?

Hypothesis: Of the total number of vehicles the Army will keep, 5,036 will be put in storage, 1,073 will be used for training, and the remainder will be spread across the active force.


Premise: What does TDM stand for?

Hypothesis: Countries which belong to the Southern/Mediterranean Europe are:


Premise: Where is hydrogen highly soluble?

Hypothesis: Hydrogen is highly soluble in many rare earth and transition metals and is soluble in both nanocrystalline and amorphous metals.


Premise: When do monsoons traditionally happen in Punjab?

Hypothesis: The hardest part of the summer is then over, but cooler weather does not come until late October.


Premise: Who was the son of Yazid?

Hypothesis: Yazid died while the siege was still in progress, and the Umayyad army returned to Damascus, leaving Ibn al-Zubayr in control of Mecca.


Premise: What is the amount of bitumen that can be extracted in Alberta?

Hypothesis: The total amount of crude asphalt/bitumen in Alberta which could be extracted is estimated to be about 310 billion barrels (50×10^9 m3), which at a rate of 4,400,000 barrels per day (700,000 m3/d) would last about 200 years.


Premise: What year is considered the beginning of modern Greece?

Hypothesis: Greece's rich historical legacy is reflected in large part by its 17 UNESCO World Heritage Sites, among the most in Europe and the world.


Premise: When did the country of Namibia officially become a country?

Hypothesis: Sam Nujoma was sworn in as the first President of Namibia watched by Nelson Mandela (who had been released from prison the previous month) and representatives from 147 countries, including 20 heads of state.


Premise: In kilometers, how long is the Staten Island Ferry route?

Hypothesis: Other ferry systems shuttle commuters between Manhattan and other locales within the city and the metropolitan area.


Premise: What type of access is available?

Hypothesis: In addition, the Central African Republic receives international support on telecommunication related operations from ITU Telecommunication Development Sector (ITU-D) within the International Telecommunication Union to improve infrastructure.


Premise: When were nearly all of Tibet's monasteries destroyed by the Red Guard?

Hypothesis: During China's Cultural Revolution, nearly all Tibet's monasteries were ransacked and destroyed by the Red Guards.


Premise: Between what years was Georgian architecture in style?

Hypothesis: The style was revived in the late 19th century in the United States as Colonial Revival architecture and in the early 20th century in Great Britain as Neo-Georgian architecture; in both it is also called Georgian Revival architecture.


Premise: What is the city of Bath famous for

Hypothesis: The city of Bath is famous for its substantial Georgian architecture and is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.


Premise: Cognitive anthropologists want to know how the way people perceive and related to the world around them is linked to what?

Hypothesis: Cognitive anthropology is concerned with what people from different groups know and how that implicit knowledge changes the way people perceive and relate to the world around them.


Premise: What is the cloud tops on Neptune temperature?

Hypothesis: For example, at the time of the Voyager 2 flyby in 1989, the planet's southern hemisphere had a Great Dark Spot comparable to the Great Red Spot on Jupiter.


Premise: What score did Milpa Alta get on the HDI test?

Hypothesis: The only borough that did not present a high HDI was that of rural Milpa Alta which presented a "medium" HDI of .7984, far below all other boroughs (627th nationally while the rest stood in the top 200).


Premise: What is Flora Gomes' most famous film?

Hypothesis: Flora Gomes is an internationally renowned film director; his most famous film is Nha Fala (English: My Voice).


Premise: When did hostilities in the Persian Gulf War begin?

Hypothesis: The lead up to the war began with the Iraqi invasion of Kuwait in August 1990 which was met with immediate economic sanctions by the United Nations against Iraq.


Premise: What is over all judicial proceedings involving private party lawsuits?

Hypothesis: The old English division between common law and equity courts was abolished in the federal courts by the adoption of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure in 1938; it has also been independently abolished by legislative acts in nearly all states.


Premise: What popular styles practice improvisation and ad libitum ornamentation?

Hypothesis: This leaves less room for practices such as improvisation and ad libitum ornamentation, which are frequently heard in non-European art music and in popular music  styles such as jazz and blues.


Premise: Which middle eastern city did the papermaking process to Europe from?

Hypothesis: Its knowledge and uses spread from China through the Middle East to medieval Europe in the 13th century, where the first water powered paper mills were built.


Premise: Who awarded the rights to publish the calendar?

Hypothesis: The papal brief was later revoked, on 20 September 1582, because Antonio Lilio proved unable to keep up with the demand for copies.


Premise: What is Paul Heinegg?

Hypothesis: Because the women were free, their mixed-race children were born free; they and their descendants formed most of the families of free people of color during the colonial period in Virginia.


Premise: Lieberman and Jackson suggest authors of some studies use the term race in what ways?

Hypothesis: They argue that however significant the empirical research, these studies use the term race in conceptually imprecise and careless ways.


Premise: What percentage of Charleston's black population were free people of color?

Hypothesis: Free people of color were far more likely to be of mixed racial background than slaves.


Premise: When was the ANZUS Pact formed?

Hypothesis: Churchill's reaction to the entry of the United States into the war was that Britain was now assured of victory and the future of the empire was safe, but the manner in which British forces were rapidly defeated in the Far East irreversibly harmed Britain's standing and prestige as an imperial power.


Premise: Was Alaska's Constitution written to encourage or discourage state funds being used for a particular purpose?

Hypothesis: The Alaska Constitution was written so as to discourage dedicating state funds for a particular purpose.


Premise: What was Queen Victoria called after Lady Flora's death due?

Hypothesis: At the start of her reign Victoria was popular, but her reputation suffered in an 1839 court intrigue when one of her mother's ladies-in-waiting, Lady Flora Hastings, developed an abdominal growth that was widely rumoured to be an out-of-wedlock pregnancy by Sir John Conroy.


Premise: What are angiosperms?

Hypothesis: Angiosperms are seed-producing plants that produce flowers and have enclosed seeds.


Premise: Later on, what two locations were slaves brought from?

Hypothesis: Saint Helena was first settled by the English in 1659, and the island has a population of about 4,250 inhabitants, mainly descended from people from Britain – settlers ("planters") and soldiers – and slaves who were brought there from the beginning of settlement – initially from Africa (the Cape Verde Islands, Gold Coast and west coast of Africa are mentioned in early records), then India and Madagascar.


Premise: How old is Seattle's Symphony Orchestra?

Hypothesis: The century-old Seattle Symphony Orchestra is among the world's most recorded and performs primarily at Benaroya Hall.


Premise: How did Apple's profit margin on the lower cost Mac's compare to the profit margin onearlier models?

Hypothesis: All three machines sold well, although Apple's profit margin on them was considerably lower than that on earlier models.


Premise: Where is the House of Assembly?

Hypothesis: The city now serves as the capital of Newfoundland and Labrador, therefore the provincial legislature is located in the city.


Premise: In comparison to EU and USA standards, how was Portugal's justice system regarded?

Hypothesis: The entire Portuguese public service has been known for its mismanagement, useless redundancies, waste, excess of bureaucracy and a general lack of productivity in certain sectors, particularly in justice.


Premise: Where did General Bozize flee to escape?

Hypothesis: In March 2003, Bozizé launched a surprise attack against Patassé, who was out of the country.


Premise: Who created the Last judgement mosaic in the St. Vitus Cathedral?

Hypothesis: The Golden Gate of the St. Vitus Cathedral in Prague got its name from the golden 14th-century mosaic of the Last Judgement above the portal.


Premise: How do gases prevent evaporation of the filament?

Hypothesis: The presence of gas molecules knocks the liberated tungsten atoms back to the filament, reducing its evaporation and allowing it to be operated at higher temperature without reducing its life (or, for operating at the same temperature, prolongs the filament life).


Premise: What did a drought in 2011 cause on Funafuti?

Hypothesis: A state of emergency was declared on 28 September 2011; with rationing of fresh-water on the islands of Funafuti and Nukulaelae.


Premise: On what date did the Dean and Chapter announce that work would not be continued?

Hypothesis: On 4 August 2010 the Dean and Chapter announced that, "[a]fter a considerable amount of preliminary and exploratory work", efforts toward the construction of a corona would not be continued.


Premise: Cronyism is also when people are selected from a closed and exclusive social network, which is called what?

Hypothesis: A milder form of cronyism is an "old boy network", in which appointees to official positions are selected only from a closed and exclusive social network – such as the alumni of particular universities – instead of appointing the most competent candidate.


Premise: Municipalities were abolished by what?

Hypothesis: Municipalities were abolished by the Uruguayan Constitution of 1918, effectively restored during the 1933 military coup of Gabriel Terra, and formally restored by the 1934 Constitution.


Premise: Who did Cardinal Giovanni Battista Montini later become?

Hypothesis: Far from being a mere "stopgap" pope, to great excitement, John XXIII called for an ecumenical council fewer than ninety years after the First Vatican Council (Vatican I's predecessor, the Council of Trent, had been held in the 16th century).


Premise: What is the topic of the fifth goal?

Hypothesis: The Sustainable Development Goals are ambitious, and they will require enormous efforts across countries, continents, industries and disciplines - but they are achievable.


Premise: Other than the drastic decrease in population, what other issue did the people in Seoul face?

Hypothesis: This was the city's fourth conquest in a years' time, leaving it a ruin; the 1.5 million pre-war population was down to 200,000, and people were suffering from severe food shortages.


Premise: How does video-conferencing allow multiple parties to communicate with each other?

Hypothesis: Again, technology improvements have circumvented traditional definitions by allowing multiple party videoconferencing via web-based applications.


Premise: What was one of Victoria's major concerns?

Hypothesis: Victoria's first visit to Ireland in 1849 was a public relations success, but it had no lasting impact or effect on the growth of Irish nationalism.


Premise: What is the maximum amount of video a SVCD can properly hold?

Hypothesis: It is usually difficult to fit much more than 100 minutes of video onto one SVCD without incurring significant quality loss, and many hardware players are unable to play video with an instantaneous bit rate lower than 300 to 600 kilobits per second.


Premise: What is the ASCII based on?

Hypothesis: Originally based on the English alphabet, ASCII encodes 128 specified characters into seven-bit integers as shown by the ASCII chart on the right.


Premise: Who performed a Fuel song on this season?

Hypothesis: His performance of Live's version of "I Walk the Line" was well received by the judges but later criticized in some quarters for not crediting the arrangement to Live.


Premise: What were the meetings called that were hosted by Constantine that helped enforce orthodoxy by Imperial authority?

Hypothesis: Constantine the Great, who along with Licinius had decreed toleration of Christianity in the Roman Empire by what is commonly called the "Edict of Milan", and was the first Roman Emperor baptized, set precedents for later policy.


Premise: What countries led the two coalitions during the Seven Years' War?

Hypothesis: Considered a prelude to the two world wars and the greatest European war since the Thirty Years War of the 17th century, it once again split Europe into two coalitions, led by Great Britain on one side and France on the other.


Premise: How many countries got independence from Britain during decolonization?

Hypothesis: As Britain's ties to its former empire weakened, the British government sought entry to the European Community, a goal it achieved in 1973.


Premise: What do non-self-executing treaties typically require from a party to enable it to fulfill its obligations?

Hypothesis: Other treaties may be non-self-executing and require 'implementing legislation'—a change in the domestic law of a state party that will direct or enable it to fulfill treaty obligations.


Premise: In regards to it resident, what is the demographic for Native Americans living in the city?

Hypothesis: The city's demography is shifting rapidly: New Haven has always been a city of immigrants and currently the Latino population is growing rapidly.


Premise: When did Princess Margaret separate from her husband?

Hypothesis: The celebrations re-affirmed the Queen's popularity, despite virtually coincident negative press coverage of Princess Margaret's separation from her husband.


Premise: Bon Jovi's 1995 album was called what?

Hypothesis: Bon Jovi's 1995 album


Premise: Who referred to 'Suez Syndrome'?

Hypothesis: Margaret Thatcher later described the mindset she believed had befallen the British political establishment as "Suez syndrome", from which Britain did not recover until the successful recapture of the Falkland Islands from Argentina in 1982.


Premise: How are Alpine plants grouped?

Hypothesis: Thirteen thousand species of plants have been identified in the Alpine regions.


Premise: To what dynasty did Vikramaditya II belong?

Hypothesis: After this the Arab chroniclers admit that the Caliph Mahdi "gave up the project of conquering any part of India."


Premise: What year saw the death of Gundobad?

Hypothesis: Ricimer (d. 472), or Gundobad (d. 516), who were partly or fully of non-Roman background.


Premise: Which party rebelled against the administration?

Hypothesis: During the first years of the Porfiriato (Porfirio Díaz Era), the Díaz administration had to combat several attacks from the Lerdista forces and the Apache.


Premise: How old was Gladstone in 1892?

Hypothesis: His government was weak, and the following year Lord Salisbury replaced him.


Premise: What depends on what religion is usual for the respective Slavic ethnic groups?

Hypothesis: The alphabet depends on what religion is usual for the respective Slavic ethnic groups.


Premise: What was one thing the UK wanted in return for granting access to Bermuda?

Hypothesis: One of the terms of the agreement was that the airfield the US Army built would be used jointly by the US and the UK (which it was for the duration of the war, with RAF Transport Command relocating there from Darrell's Island in 1943).


Premise: How long did Stalins version of what happened between the Germans and the Soviets last?

Hypothesis: That version persisted, without exception, in historical studies, official accounts, memoirs and textbooks published in the Soviet Union until the Soviet Union's dissolution.


Premise: What compass point of Mesopotamia did the Hebrew Shinar refer to?

Hypothesis: The term "Sumerian" is the common name given to the ancient non-Semitic inhabitants of Mesopotamia, Sumer, by the Semitic Akkadians.


Premise: Which BBC radio station focuses primarily on black and urban music?

Hypothesis: London is also a centre for urban music.


Premise: What did the iPod's US market share peak at in 2005?

Hypothesis: During the year from January 2004 to January 2005, the high rate of sales caused its U.S. market share to increase from 31% to 65% and in July 2005, this market share was measured at 74%.


Premise: What do monotheists believe?

Hypothesis: Monotheists hold that there is only one god, and may claim that the one true god is worshiped in different religions under different names.


Premise: What country was driven into an alliance with France by the British pairing with Prussia?

Hypothesis: They sought to offset the disadvantage of this in Europe by allying themselves with one or more Continental powers whose interests were antithetical to those of their enemies, particularly France.:15–16 By subsidising the armies of continental allies, Britain could turn London's enormous financial power to military advantage.


Premise: During what period was art's main theme the representation of motion in a specific movement?

Hypothesis: The animistic idea as the representation of the imaginative reality, is sanctified in the Homeric poems and in Greek myths, in stories of the god Hephaestus (Phaistos) and the mythic Daedalus (the builder of the labyrinth) that made images which moved of their own accord.


Premise: What color of ceramic glaze was extracted from uranium oxide?

Hypothesis: The use of uranium in its natural oxide form dates back to at least the year 79 CE, when it was used to add a yellow color to ceramic glazes.


Premise: Where was the Secretary-General of the CPY murdered?

Hypothesis: Subsequently Tito was appointed Secretary-General of the still-outlawed CPY.


Premise: What two things does The Fund help developing nations formulate to support sustainable development?

Hypothesis: The Fund raises awareness of and supports efforts to meet these needs in developing countries, advocates close attention to population concerns, and helps developing nations formulate policies and strategies in support of sustainable development.


Premise: Who replace weekly mentors as a more permanent mentor on American Idols tenth season?

Hypothesis: Many changes were introduced this season, from the format to the personnel of the show.


Premise: What seige did these victories lead to?

Hypothesis: A series of swift Prussian and German victories in eastern France, culminating in the Siege of Metz and the Battle of Sedan, saw the army of the Second Empire decisively defeated (Napoleon III had been captured at Sedan on 2 September).


Premise: Why would some SNESes be only partly yellow?

Hypothesis: The ABS plastic used in the casing of some older SNES and Super Famicom consoles is particularly susceptible to oxidization on exposure to air, likely due to an incorrect mixture of the stabilizing or flame retarding additives.


Premise: When are urs held?

Hypothesis: They generally mark the death anniversary of the saint.


Premise: What are the approximate temperatures that can be delivered by phase change materials?

Hypothesis: Salts are an effective storage medium because they are low-cost, have a high specific heat capacity and can deliver heat at temperatures compatible with conventional power systems.


Premise: How long in total was the "blood of her purifying" for Mary?

Hypothesis: They also presented Jesus –  "As it is written in the law of the Lord, Every male that openeth the womb shall be called holy to the Lord" (Luke 2:23other verses).


Premise: Who was the Father of Prince Henry the Navigator?

Hypothesis: Portugal spearheaded European exploration of the world and the Age of Discovery.


Premise: Which countries did the Second Sino-Japanese War encompass?

Hypothesis: Some historians contend that the conflict in Asia can be dated back to 7 July 1937 with the beginning of the Second Sino-Japanese War between the Empire of Japan and the Republic of China, or possibly 19 September 1931, beginning with the Japanese invasion of Manchuria.


Premise: What may share a radical without being meaningful?

Hypothesis: Occasionally a bisyllabic word is written with two characters that contain the same radical, as in 蝴蝶 húdié "butterfly", where both characters have the insect radical 虫.


Premise: When was Madonna pregnant?

Hypothesis: However, as she told Oprah, she was also pregnant during the filming: "I was winded after every take.


Premise: How long has flower evolution occurred?

Hypothesis: Many modern domesticated flower species were formerly simple weeds, which sprouted only when the ground was disturbed.


Premise: What did Nasser suppress as a result?

Hypothesis: Nasser had considered dispatching troops to aid his Iraqi sympathizers, but decided against it.


Premise: According to Human Rights Watch, how do the human rights in Eritrea compare to the rest of the world?

Hypothesis: Most Western countries have accused the Eritrean authorities of arbitrary arrest and detentions, and of detaining an unknown number of people without charge for their political activism.


Premise: What part of Brazil does not observe DST?

Hypothesis: Only a minority of the world's population uses DST because Asia and Africa generally do not observe it.


Premise: Social turmoil led to conflict?

Hypothesis: After Isabella's victory, she initiated an administrative and political reform which the chronicler Jeronimo Zurita defined as "doma del Reino de Galicia": 'It was then when the taming of Galicia began, because not just the local lords and knights, but all the people of that nation were the ones against the others very bold and warlike'.


Premise: The time span that is counted as the classical for the Greeks is from eras ?

Hypothesis: It is so named because it set the standards by which Greek civilization would be judged in later eras.


Premise: After their agreement together, Beyonce's and Topshop" new business was called what?

Hypothesis: In October 2014, it was announced that Beyoncé with her management company Parkwood Entertainment would be partnering with London-based fashion retailer Topshop, in a new 50/50 split subsidiary business named Parkwood Topshop Athletic Ltd.


Premise: What led to an increase in the number of Somalis leaving the country?

Hypothesis: Civil strife in the early 1990s greatly increased the size of the Somali diaspora, as many of the best educated Somalis left for the Middle East, Europe and North America.


Premise: Where in Africa did the French have control?

Hypothesis: The French gained major ground in West Africa, and the Portuguese held colonies in southern Africa.


Premise: In what city were the songwriting team of Frozen located?

Hypothesis: For example, for the 2013 award-winning animated film Frozen, Burbank-based Walt Disney Animation Studios hired the New York City-based husband-and-wife songwriting team of Robert Lopez and Kristen Anderson-Lopez to write the songs, which required two-hour-long transcontinental videoconferences nearly every weekday for about 14 months.


Premise: The use of light to achieve an aesthetic effect is know as?

Hypothesis: Lighting or illumination is the deliberate use of light to achieve a practical or aesthetic effect.


Premise: In what city did the standardization of red as a color of stop lights occur?

Hypothesis: But it was mostly chosen as the color for stoplights and stop signs because of its universal association with danger and warning.


Premise: What did Marxist-Leninst add to Chinese philosophy?

Hypothesis: There were attempts to incorporate democracy, republicanism, and industrialism into Chinese philosophy, notably by Sun Yat-Sen (Sūn yì xiān, in one Mandarin form of the name) at the beginning of the 20th century.


Premise: Along with the Six Ages, what other scheme did writers in the Middle Ages use to divide history?

Hypothesis: When referring to their own times, they spoke of them as being "modern".


Premise: Since what date has asphalt been used for road paving in the US?

Hypothesis: Asphalt/bitumen was also used for flooring, paving and waterproofing of baths and swimming pools during the early 20th century, following similar trends in Europe.


Premise: What large country pressured CAR to hold elections?

Hypothesis: Pressure from the United States, France, and from a group of locally represented countries and agencies called GIBAFOR (France, the USA, Germany, Japan, the EU, the World Bank, and the UN) finally led Kolingba to agree, in principle, to hold free elections in October 1992 with help from the UN Office of Electoral Affairs.


Premise: What company purchased the  Cubs in 1981?

Hypothesis: In 1981, after 6 decades under the Wrigley family, the Cubs were purchased by Tribune Company for $20,500,000.


Premise: How could police help the owner when a restaurant guest doesn't pay because their wallet got stolen?

Hypothesis: To ensure that the police would not interfere in the regular competencies of the courts of law, some police acts require that the police may only interfere in such cases where protection from courts cannot be obtained in time, and where, without interference of the police, the realization of the private right would be impeded.


Premise: Where was opium made?

Hypothesis: To meet the growing Chinese demand for opium, the British East India Company greatly expanded its production in Bengal.


Premise: What is the area closest to the continental US called?

Hypothesis: Also referred to as the Panhandle or Inside Passage, this is the region of Alaska closest to the rest of the United States.


Premise: What type of population lives in Tiahuac?

Hypothesis: The south of the city is home to some other high-income neighborhoods such as Colonia del Valle and Jardines del Pedregal, and the formerly separate colonial towns of Coyoacán, San Ángel, and San Jerónimo.


Premise: When did a thick wave of smog first appear in Central and Eastern China?

Hypothesis: A lack of cold air flow, combined with slow-moving air masses carrying industrial emissions, collected airborne pollutants to form a thick layer of smog over the region.


Premise: What did Jefferson's opponents accuse him of wanting to do to Christianity?

Hypothesis: Jefferson's opponents said his position was the destruction and the governmental rejection of Christianity, but this was a caricature.


Premise: Which design feature did Smith eventually use to make production of a newly designed board more cost-efficient?

Hypothesis: By December 1980, Smith had succeeded in designing a board that not only used the 68000, but increased its speed from 5 MHz to 8 MHz; this board also had the capacity to support a 384×256-pixel display.


Premise: How much did 'Jaws' earn in theaters?

Hypothesis: It was an enormous hit, winning three Academy Awards (for editing, original score and sound) and grossing more than $470 million worldwide at the box office.


Premise: Strict notation is required with HD fractional rates to avoid what?

Hypothesis: In the days of standard definition television, the fractional rates were often rounded up to whole numbers, e.g. 23.976p was often called 24p, or 59.94i was often called 60i.


Premise: What is the name of the best-known private institute of technology in Thailand?

Hypothesis: Suranaree University of Technology is the only government-owned technological university in Thailand that was established (1989) as such; while Mahanakorn University of Technology is the most well known private technological institute.


Premise: What is the Big Dipper constellation known as in Chinese?

Hypothesis: It is named after the Big Dipper constellation, which is known in Chinese as Běidǒu.


Premise: In what year was the Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation established?

Hypothesis: Portugal has developed a specific culture while being influenced by various civilizations that have crossed the Mediterranean and the European continent, or were introduced when it played an active role during the Age of Discovery.


Premise: Plato and Aristotle wrote what type of literature?

Hypothesis: Plato and Aristotle authored philosophical texts that are the foundation of Western philosophy, Sappho and Pindar were influential lyric poets, and Herodotus and Thucydides were early Greek historians.


Premise: For what purpose did American Indians use asphalt?

Hypothesis: All three used the substance as an adhesive.


Premise: Who was the intended audience of Whitehead's first two mathematics books?

Hypothesis: The former two books were aimed exclusively at professional mathematicians, while the latter book was intended for a larger audience, covering the history of mathematics and its philosophical foundations.


Premise: In 1961, who suggested the possibility that Napoleon died from ingestion of arsenic?

Hypothesis: Forshufvud, in a 1978 book with Ben Weider, noted that Napoleon's body was found to be remarkably well preserved when moved in 1840.


Premise: In studies what is a relationship between sleeping and learning?

Hypothesis: One of the primary functions of sleep is thought to be the improvement of the consolidation of information, as several studies have demonstrated that memory depends on getting sufficient sleep between training and test.


Premise: in 2006 Youtube found that the majority of longer videos were what?

Hypothesis: Users who have a good track record of complying with the site's Community Guidelines may be offered the ability to upload videos up to 12 hours in length, which requires verifying the account, normally through a mobile phone.


Premise: What company annexed large areas of India in the 18th and 19th centuries?

Hypothesis: From the late 18th century to the mid-19th century, large areas of India were annexed by the British East India Company of British Empire.


Premise: What are 'centuries' in bicycling?

Hypothesis: Prior to his presidential bid, Kerry was known to have participated in several long-distance rides (centuries).


Premise: How many people died in the bombing of Hamburg?

Hypothesis: In comparison to the later Allied bombing campaign against Germany, the Blitz resulted in relatively few casualties; the British bombing of Hamburg in July 1943 inflicted some 42,000 civilian deaths, about the same as the entire Blitz.


Premise: The space between knuckles is what kind of month?

Hypothesis: A knuckle represents a month of 31 days, and a space represents a short month (a 28- or 29-day February or any 30-day month).


Premise: What was the name of the adult themed comics imprint for Marvel with more explicit content?

Hypothesis: In addition, the company created an alternate universe imprint, Ultimate Marvel, that allowed the company to reboot its major titles by revising and updating its characters to introduce to a new generation.


Premise: What did Hong Kong Alliance in Support of Patriotic Democratic Movements in China members wave to symbolize democracy?

Hypothesis: Members of the Hong Kong Alliance in Support of Patriotic Democratic Movements in China, including pro-democracy activist Szeto Wah, waved novelty inflatable plastic Olympic flames, which they said symbolised democracy.


Premise: What other requirement is there for the rope?

Hypothesis: One or two knots at each end are for keeping hold of the rope while doing the routine.


Premise: What is Trubetzkoy considered to have founded?

Hypothesis: Directly influenced by Baudouin de Courtenay, Trubetzkoy is considered the founder of morphophonology, although this concept had also been recognized by de Courtenay.


Premise: When did Lehman's former CEO appear before Representative Henry A. Waxman?

Hypothesis: On Oct. 6, 2008, three weeks after Lehman Brothers filed the largest bankruptcy in U.S. history, Lehman's former CEO found himself before Representative Henry A. Waxman, the California Democrat who chaired the House Committee on Oversight and Government Reform.


Premise: What is one reason American courts may follow a post Revolutionary Commonwealth ruling under what circumstances?

Hypothesis: However, it is important to understand that despite the presence of reception statutes, much of contemporary American common law has diverged significantly from English common law.


Premise: In what year was a Gothic hammerbeam roof installed on the Archbishop of Canterbury's residence?

Hypothesis: In 1663 at the Archbishop of Canterbury's residence, Lambeth Palace, a Gothic hammerbeam roof was built to replace that destroyed when the building was sacked during the English Civil War.


Premise: What percent of copper is recyclable?

Hypothesis: Like aluminium, copper is 100% recyclable without any loss of quality, regardless of whether it is in a raw state or contained in a manufactured product.


Premise: In what year was Rome conquered?

Hypothesis: The capture of Rome in 1870 ended the Papal temporal power.


Premise: What is the name of Northwestern's undergraduate yearbook?

Hypothesis: First published in 1885, the yearbook is an epitome of that year's events at Northwestern.


Premise: How much of the Bronx speaks Chinese at home?

Hypothesis: As of 2010, 46.29% (584,463) of Bronx residents aged five and older spoke Spanish at home, while 44.02% (555,767) spoke English, 2.48% (31,361) African languages, 0.91% (11,455) French, 0.90% (11,355) Italian, 0.87% (10,946) various Indic languages, 0.70% (8,836) other Indo-European languages, and Chinese was spoken at home by 0.50% (6,610) of the population over the age of five.


Premise: What company did Dell team with in late 2008?

Hypothesis: Dell continued its retail push in the Australian market with its partnership with Harris Technology (another part of Coles Group) in November of the same year.


Premise: Over which years did the "War of the Speeds" last?

Hypothesis: The 45 rpm size was gaining in popularity, too, and Columbia issued its first 45s in February 1951.


Premise: When did Cook visit New Zealand and claim the North Island?

Hypothesis: In 1839, the New Zealand Company announced plans to buy large tracts of land and establish colonies in New Zealand.


Premise: What does the ECRI strive to make sure no one becomes?

Hypothesis: However, in its Recommendation ECRI uses this term in order to ensure that those persons who are generally and erroneously perceived as belonging to "another race" are not excluded from the protection provided for by the legislation.


Premise: Which bus service passes West Quay going in both directions?

Hypothesis: Uni-link passes West Quay in both directions, and Wilts & Dorset drop passengers off and pick them up there, terminating at a series of bus stands along the road.


Premise: Overdependence on oil income led to the fall of what form of government in Nigeria?

Hypothesis: As oil revenues fuelled the rise of federal subventions to states, the federal government became the centre of political struggle and the threshold of power in the country.


Premise: What other countries are important to the duck husbandry business?

Hypothesis: Other notable duck-producing countries in the Far East include Vietnam, Thailand, Malaysia, Myanmar, Indonesia and South Korea (12% in total).


Premise: In what century was One Thousand and One Nights completed?

Hypothesis: The best known work of fiction from the Islamic world is One Thousand and One Nights


Premise: What leader stepped down in 2011?

Hypothesis: Later elections saw the rise of the Muslim Brotherhood, which was ousted by the army a year later amid mass protests.


Premise: What is a popular name for the Telugu film industry?

Hypothesis: The city is home to the Telugu film industry, popularly known as Tollywood and as of 2012[update], produces the second largest number of films in India behind Bollywood.


Premise: As of December 2012, Somalia did not have systematic what?

Hypothesis: The application of content standards online was also unclear.


Premise: What has achieved nirvana and also liberation from delusion?

Hypothesis: In Theravada Buddhism, bodhi and nirvana carry the same meaning as in the early texts, that of being freed from greed, hate and delusion.


Premise: In what month did Cao Cao die?

Hypothesis: Cao Cao died in March 220 AD.


Premise: What 007 movie did Sam Mendes previously direct?

Hypothesis: It features Daniel Craig in his fourth performance as James Bond, and Christoph Waltz as Ernst Stavro Blofeld, with the film marking the character's re-introduction into the series.


Premise: How is a mayor chosen in Cork?

Hypothesis: A new Lord Mayor of Cork is chosen in a vote by the elected members of the council under a D'Hondt system count.


Premise: Who has founded these small groups of Christians?

Hypothesis: Often founded by individual pastors, they have little affiliation with historic denominations.


Premise: when was mr. fingers' "can you feel it?" released?


Premise: Along with physicalist theories, what theories is idealism in conflict with?

Hypothesis: Idealism thus rejects physicalist and dualist theories that fail to ascribe priority to the mind.


Premise: What did Britain try to get people to stop doing to reduce the spread of TB in public?

Hypothesis: Whatever the (purported) benefits of the "fresh air" and labor in the sanatoria, even under the best conditions, 50% of those who entered died within five years (circa 1916).


Premise: In what year did Notre Dame football begin?

Hypothesis: The Notre Dame football team has a long history, first beginning when the Michigan Wolverines football team brought football to Notre Dame in 1887 and played against a group of students.


Premise: Which guerrilla group fought for Namibia's independence?

Hypothesis: Outside the central-southern area of Namibia (known as the "Police Zone" since the German era and which contained the main towns, industries, mines and best arable land), the country was divided into "homelands", the version of South African bantustan applied to Namibia, although only a few were actually established because indigenous Namibians often did not cooperate.


Premise: To whom did Herschel present his work on infrared radiation?

Hypothesis: Herschel published his results in 1800 before the Royal Society of London.


Premise: How does Paul view the Resurrection of Jesus?

Hypothesis: For Paul the "power of the cross" is not separable from the Resurrection of Jesus.


Premise: What population has mtDNA and atDNA mutations, making them distinct from other indigenous peoples of the Americas?

Hypothesis: The Na-Dené, Inuit and Indigenous Alaskan populations exhibit haplogroup Q (Y-DNA) mutations, however are distinct from other indigenous peoples of the Americas with various mtDNA and atDNA mutations.


Premise: Who took over the remains of the Western Roman Empire?

Hypothesis: During the Middle Ages, the Eastern Roman Empire survived, though modern historians refer to this state as the Byzantine Empire.


Premise: In what languages did Dante and Boccaccio create their works?

Hypothesis: Together the three poets established the Tuscan dialect as the norm for the modern Italian language.


Premise: What have some people argued correlates with time shifts from daylight savings?

Hypothesis: Although it has been argued that clock shifts correlate with decreased economic efficiency, and that in 2000 the daylight-saving effect implied an estimated one-day loss of $31 billion on US stock exchanges, the estimated numbers depend on the methodology.


Premise: What happened during those years?

Hypothesis: The final is normally held the Saturday after the Premier League season finishes in May.


Premise: How many bird species have been observed in San Diego?

Hypothesis: San Diego always scores very high in the number of bird species observed in the annual Christmas Bird Count, sponsored by the Audubon Society, and it is known as one of the "birdiest" areas in the United States.


Premise: Who was granted higher status than the Han Chinese majority?

Hypothesis: Although Han Chinese who were recruited as advisers were often actually more influential than high officials, their status was not as well defined.


Premise: What year is it planned for IB programs to be in place at Madrasah Al-Arabiah Al-Islamiah?

Hypothesis: The JMS aims to introduce the International Baccalaureate (IB) programme into the Madrasah Al-Arabiah Al-Islamiah by 2019.


Premise: In 2008, what type collapse was feared?

Hypothesis: UBS further emphasized that this fixes only the financial crisis, but that in economic terms "the worst is still to come".


Premise: Under the reign of who did the Ottoman empire control much of Southeastern Europe?

Hypothesis: During the 16th and 17th centuries, in particular at the height of its power under the reign of Suleiman the Magnificent, the Ottoman Empire was a multinational, multilingual empire controlling much of Southeast Europe, Western Asia, the Caucasus, North Africa, and the Horn of Africa.


Premise: Who was defeated near Seoul, Korea?

Hypothesis: The X Corps rapidly defeated the KPA defenders around Seoul, thus threatening to trap the main KPA force in Southern Korea.


Premise: Since Apollo was known as god of the sun, what was another name for Apollo?

Hypothesis: As god of the sun, Apollo was called Sol (/ˈsɒl/ SOL, literally "sun" in Latin) by the Romans.


Premise: What is the lifestyle of hunter-gatherers?

Hypothesis: Most hunter-gatherers are nomadic or semi-nomadic and live in temporary settlements.


Premise: What does the machine create by drawing a straight line between two points on the board?

Hypothesis: This led to very short design times (no complex algorithms to use even for high density designs) as well as reduced crosstalk (which is worse when wires run parallel to each other—which almost never happens in Multiwire), though the cost is too high to compete with cheaper PCB technologies when large quantities are needed.


Premise: What specie are table grapes and wine grapes?

Hypothesis: Commercially cultivated grapes can usually be classified as either table or wine grapes, based on their intended method of consumption: eaten raw (table grapes) or used to make wine (wine grapes).


Premise: Kairomones are a type of what?

Hypothesis: A semiochemical is a message-carrying chemical that is meant to attract, repel, and convey information.


Premise: Which group held secret Milleneum of Christianity celebrations?

Hypothesis: Between May and June 1988, Ukrainian Catholics in western Ukraine celebrated the Millennium of Christianity in Kievan Rus' in secret by holding services in the forests of Buniv, Kalush, Hoshiv, and Zarvanytsia.


Premise: What is done with the newborn boy's hair once it is cut?

Hypothesis: Jewish historians also note that certain customs of today's Orthodox are not continuations of past practice, but instead represent innovations that would have been unknown to prior generations.


Premise: When did the clerics and tradesmen start spreading architectural information?

Hypothesis: From about 900 CE onwards, the movements of both clerics and tradesmen carried architectural knowledge across Europe, resulting in the pan-European styles Romanesque and Gothic.


Premise: What is the "Roaring Twenties" ?

Hypothesis: The social and societal upheaval known as the Roaring Twenties began in North America and spread to Europe in the aftermath of World War I. The Roaring Twenties, often called "The Jazz Age", saw an exposition of social, artistic, and cultural dynamism. '


Premise: What group lead the Bengali Renaissance?

Hypothesis: The Bengal Renaissance can be said to have started with Raja Ram Mohan Roy (1772–1833) and ended with Rabindranath Tagore (1861–1941), although many stalwarts thereafter continued to embody particular aspects of the unique intellectual and creative output of the region.


Premise: Who inspires Beyoncé because "she does it all?"

Hypothesis: She commented: "I think about Madonna and how she took all of the great things she achieved and started the label and developed other artists.


Premise: What percentage of New Yorkers are Christians?

Hypothesis: Islam ranks third in New York City, with official estimates ranging between 600,000 and 1,000,000 observers and including 10% of the city's public schoolchildren, followed by Hinduism, Buddhism, and a variety of other religions, as well as atheism.


Premise: Schwarzenegger's role in Stay Hungry led to a Golden Globe win in what category?

Hypothesis: Stay Hungry (1976), for which he was awarded a Golden Globe for New Male Star of the Year.


Premise: Plato's philosophy attempted to explain life from what standpoint?

Hypothesis: But while Plato had sought to elucidate and explain things from the supra-sensual standpoint of the forms, his pupil preferred to start from the facts given us by experience.


Premise: Who called Greece Graecia?

Hypothesis: However, the name Hellas is sometimes used in English as well.


Premise: Which forest is the largest national forest in the US?

Hypothesis: The region is dominated by the Alexander Archipelago as well as the Tongass National Forest, the largest national forest in the United States.


Premise: In what year did the Korean war end?

Hypothesis: The Korean War began in 1950, when the Soviets walked out of a U.N. Security meeting, removing their possible veto.


Premise: Which term meaning "the mother book" does the Quran apply to itself?

Hypothesis: The Quran describes itself as "the discernment" (al-furqān), "the mother book" (umm al-kitāb), "the guide" (huda), "the wisdom" (hikmah), "the remembrance" (dhikr) and "the revelation" (tanzīl; something sent down, signifying the descent of an object from a higher place to lower place).


Premise: Who had now been appointed as a military advisor to the emperor of Seleucid?

Hypothesis: The Seleucids were much stronger than the Macedonians had ever been, because they controlled much of the former Persian Empire, and by now had almost entirely reassembled Alexander the Great's former empire.


Premise: Where can you find the often-used jetty on Norfolk Island?

Hypothesis: Loading jetties are located at Kingston and Cascade, but ships cannot get close to either of them.


Premise: Who are the Madonna Companion Biographers?

Hypothesis: He further asserted that "the most remarkable creation of MTV is Madonna.


Premise: As internet access increases, news media and online portals replace what form of media?

Hypothesis: Print media in the country is also progressively giving way to news radio stations and online portals, as internet connectivity and access increases.


Premise: What law did the British make to cause the use of the Gregorian calendar?

Hypothesis: Because the Calendar Act of 1750 altered the start of the year, and also aligned the British calendar with the Gregorian calendar, there is some confusion as to what these terms mean.


Premise: Which country did Britain ally with in 1907?

Hypothesis: Germany was rapidly rising as a military and industrial power and was now seen as the most likely opponent in any future war.


Premise: What is the sign that indicates the Divine Leader?

Hypothesis: That sign is his well-known ties of kinship with Muhammad and his clear appointment so that the people could distinguish him from others, and be clearly guided toward him.


Premise: What notable Romanesque metalwork is named for Gloucester?

Hypothesis: Large illuminated bibles and psalters were the typical forms of luxury manuscripts, and wall-painting flourished in churches, often following a scheme with a Last Judgement on the west wall, a Christ in Majesty at the east end, and narrative biblical scenes down the nave, or in the best surviving example, at Saint-Savin-sur-Gartempe, on the barrel-vaulted roof.


Premise: Under what period were the 4th century churches built?

Hypothesis: In another great Constantinian basilica, the Church of the Nativity in Bethlehem the original mosaic floor with typical Roman geometric motifs is partially preserved.


Premise: What larvae live like plankton?

Hypothesis: The minority of living polychaetes whose reproduction and lifecycles are known produce trochophore larvae, that live as plankton and then sink and metamorphose into miniature adults.


Premise: What is the effect of a kaolin coating on the light cast?

Hypothesis: It diffuses the light emitted from the filament, producing a more gentle and evenly distributed light.


Premise: What is part of I-76 called?

Hypothesis: The city is also served by the Schuylkill Expressway, a portion of Interstate 76 that runs along the Schuylkill River.


Premise: Who did the First Phase offensive motivated to send more troops and resources to Korea?

Hypothesis: This military decision made solely by China changed the attitude of the Soviet Union.


Premise: The word Slav could be derived from what Middle English word?

Hypothesis: The Byzantine term Sklavinoi was loaned into Arabic as Saqaliba صقالبة (sing.


Premise: What was the primary debate at the British Association for the Advancement of Science meeting of 1860?

Hypothesis: The leading naturalist in Britain was the anatomist Richard Owen, an idealist who had shifted to the view in the 1850s that the history of life was the gradual unfolding of a divine plan.


Premise: Who is the creator of American Idol?

Hypothesis: American Idol is an American singing competition series created by Simon Fuller and produced by 19 Entertainment, and is distributed by FremantleMedia North America.


Premise: Who was buried in the abbey on 26 April 1882?

Hypothesis: The practice spread to include generals, admirals, politicians, doctors and scientists such as Isaac Newton, buried on 4 April 1727, and Charles Darwin, buried 26 April 1882.


Premise: What is Catalan being replaced by in Alghero?

Hypothesis: There are also well ingrained diglossic attitudes against Catalan in the Valencian Community, Ibiza, and to a lesser extent, in the rest of the Balearic islands.


Premise: What do patents create an incentive for inventors to do?

Hypothesis: By exchanging limited exclusive rights for disclosure of inventions and creative works, society and the patentee/copyright owner mutually benefit, and an incentive is created for inventors and authors to create and disclose their work.


Premise: Who did Procopius write about in 545?

Hypothesis: Procopius wrote in 545 that "the Sclaveni and the Antae actually had a single name in the remote past; for they were both called Spori in olden times."


Premise: Kanye, Shakira, and Rage Against the Machine refused to perform in what state due to a new law against illegal aliens?

Hypothesis: He traveled to Kazakhstan, which has one of the poorest human rights records in the world, as a personal guest of Nazarbayev.


Premise: As of 2011, how many people worldwide are still denied access to inexpensive medications for severe pain?

Hypothesis: The International Association for the Study of Pain advocates that the relief of pain should be recognized as a human right, that chronic pain should be considered a disease in its own right, and that pain medicine should have the full status of a specialty.


Premise: When was Brazil colonized?

Hypothesis: Armando Dias, for example, died in November 1913 whilst still very young, a victim of an electric shock when entering the textile industry where he worked.


Premise: If located in Canada somewhere where DST is observed, a system running Vista might mishandle time stamps that are older than what year?

Hypothesis: Older Microsoft Windows systems usually store only a single start and end rule for each zone, so that the same Canadian setting reliably supports only post-2006 time stamps.


Premise: The space between knuckles is what kind of month?

Hypothesis: A language-independent alternative used in many countries is to hold up one's two fists with the index knuckle of the left hand against the index knuckle of the right hand.


Premise: As Jews were expelled from England, France, and parts of Germany they head into which three countries?

Hypothesis: Over this period of several hundred years, some have suggested, Jewish economic activity was focused on trade, business management, and financial services, due to several presumed factors: Christian European prohibitions restricting certain activities by Jews, preventing certain financial activities (such as "usurious" loans) between Christians, high rates of literacy, near universal male education, and ability of merchants to rely upon and trust family members living in different regions and countries.


Premise: What Virginia Commonwealth University campus is near Virginia BioTechnology Research Park?

Hypothesis: Richmond is home to the rapidly developing Virginia BioTechnology Research Park, which opened in 1995 as an incubator facility for biotechnology and pharmaceutical companies.


Premise: What event sets the boundary for the Triassic?

Hypothesis: The lower (Triassic) boundary is set by the Permian–Triassic extinction event, during which approximately 90% to 96% of marine species and 70% of terrestrial vertebrates became extinct.


Premise: Where was Kerry a talk radio host?

Hypothesis: After Kerry's 1972 defeat, he and his wife bought a house in Belvidere, Lowell, entering a decade which his brother Cameron later called "the years in exile".


Premise: How many died in the Nanking Massacre?

Hypothesis: Their troops occupied Nanjing in December and carried out the systematic and brutal Nanking Massacre (the "Rape of Nanking").


Premise: What year did teaching start at the Banská Akadémia?

Hypothesis: University buildings are still at their place today and are used for teaching.


Premise: What did Victoria think of Albert at 17 years of age?

Hypothesis: However at 17, Victoria, though interested in Albert, was not yet ready to marry.


Premise: Who was one of the first Greeks to adopt a humanistic outlook?

Hypothesis: 6th-century BCE pre-Socratic Greek philosophers Thales of Miletus and Xenophanes of Colophon were the first in the region to attempt to explain the world in terms of human reason rather than myth and tradition, thus can be said to be the first Greek humanists.


Premise: Who are the lowest ranking cardinals in the Catholic church?

Hypothesis: Cardinal priests are the most numerous of the three orders of cardinals in the Catholic Church, ranking above the cardinal deacons and below the cardinal bishops.


Premise: Who buys the bonds instead of using them in reverse transactions?

Hypothesis: In contrast to the Fed, the ECB normally does not buy bonds outright.


Premise: Who has the largest school population?

Hypothesis: The Clitheroe area has secondary modern schools.


Premise: What kind of strong fibers are part of the composite of wood?

Hypothesis: Wood is sometimes defined as only the secondary xylem in the stems of trees, or it is defined more broadly to include the same type of tissue elsewhere such as in the roots of trees or shrubs.[citation needed]


Premise: Who covers incorporated associations or councils?

Hypothesis: A nonprofit organisation in Australia can choose from a number of legal forms depending on the needs and activities of the organisation: co-operative, company limited by guarantee, unincorporated association, incorporated association (by the Associations Incorporation Act 1985) or incorporated association or council (by the Commonwealth Aboriginal Councils and Associations Act 1976).


Premise: With which of his friends did Schwarzenegger start a bricklaying company?

Hypothesis: Schwarzenegger and Columbu used profits from their bricklaying venture to start a mail order business, selling bodybuilding and fitness-related equipment and instructional tapes.


Premise: From what city did the Umayyads originate?

Hypothesis: According to tradition, the Umayyad family (also known as the Banu Abd-Shams) and Muhammad both descended from a common ancestor, Abd Manaf ibn Qusai, and they originally came from the city of Mecca.


Premise: Which two sections of the graduate exam did Feynman do poorly in?

Hypothesis: He attained a perfect score on the graduate school entrance exams to Princeton University in mathematics and physics—an unprecedented feat—but did rather poorly on the history and English portions.


Premise: Where was IRENE developed?

Hypothesis: In some ways similar to the laser turntable is the IRENE scanning machine for disc records, which images with microphotography in two dimensions, invented by a team of physicists at Lawrence Berkeley Laboratories.


Premise: What percentage of incendiaries were used in December?

Hypothesis: Use of incendiaries, which were inherently inaccurate, indicated much less care was taken to avoid civilian property close to industrial sites.


Premise: What are two radio stations that broadcast from KU?

Hypothesis: KU is home to the Robert J. Dole Institute of Politics, the Beach Center on Disability, Lied Center of Kansas and radio stations KJHK, 90.7 FM, and KANU, 91.5 FM.


Premise: In what year was the Detroit Opera House purchased?

Hypothesis: Major theaters in Detroit include the Fox Theatre (5,174 seats), Music Hall (1,770 seats), the Gem Theatre (451 seats), Masonic Temple Theatre (4,404 seats), the Detroit Opera House (2,765 seats), the Fisher Theatre (2,089 seats), The Fillmore Detroit (2,200 seats), Saint Andrew's Hall, the Majestic Theater, and Orchestra Hall (2,286 seats) which hosts the renowned Detroit Symphony Orchestra.


Premise: In what country was an assignation attempt made on the life of Paul VI?

Hypothesis: Pope Paul VI became the first pope to visit six continents, and was the most travelled pope in history to that time, earning the nickname "the Pilgrim Pope".


Premise: What are the US territories overseas located in the Pacific?

Hypothesis: The United States also has overseas territories with varying levels of independence and organization: in the Caribbean the territories of Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands, and in the Pacific the inhabited territories of Guam, American Samoa, and the Northern Mariana Islands, along with a number of uninhabited island territories.


Premise: What year did King Kapisi become the first hip hop artist to win an APRA Silver Scroll?

Hypothesis: The Yandall Sisters' cover of the song Sweet Inspiration reached number one on the New Zealand charts in 1974.


Premise: From 1861 to 1875 how many times was Dmocratic minority speaker not nominated?

Hypothesis: The Democratic minority from 1861 to 1875 was so completely disorganized that they did not "nominate a candidate for Speaker in two of these seven Congresses and nominated no man more than once in the other five.


Premise: What is an advantage to using LED lighting over the normal light sources?

Hypothesis: As of 2015[update], LEDs powerful enough for room lighting remain somewhat more expensive, and require more precise current and heat management, than compact fluorescent lamp sources of comparable output.


Premise: What sector originally provided the largest contribution to New Haven's economy?

Hypothesis: Today, over half (56%) of the city's economy is now made up of services, in particular education and health care; Yale is the city's largest employer, followed by Yale – New Haven Hospital.


Premise: What are two other relevant characteristics of a pumping system along with final pressure?

Hypothesis: Pumping systems differ in oil contamination, vibration, preferential pumping of certain gases, pump-down speeds, intermittent duty cycle, reliability, or tolerance to high leakage rates.


Premise: Where does the word God come from originally?

Hypothesis: The English word itself is derived from the Proto-Germanic * ǥuđan.


Premise: What tribes inhibited the area that now constitutes Himachal Pradesh?

Hypothesis: The history of the area that now constitutes Himachal Pradesh dates back to the time when the Indus valley civilisation flourished between 2250 and 1750 BCE.


Premise: What year did the French Revolution begin?

Hypothesis: After the Revolution, the Enlightenment was followed by an opposing intellectual movement known as Romanticism.


Premise: What was the average family size?

Hypothesis: In addition, 33.1% of all households were composed of individuals living alone, of which 6.2% was someone 65 years of age or older.


Premise: What is one piece that makes up an antenna system?

Hypothesis: As an electro-magnetic wave travels through the different parts of the antenna system (radio, feed line, antenna, free space) it may encounter differences in impedance (E/H, V/I, etc.).


Premise: How would you tell a West Flemish speaker "yes"?

Hypothesis: In that language, the words "ja" (yes) and "nee" (no) are also conjugated to the (often implicit) subject of the sentence.


Premise: On what date was the iTunes Wi-Fi Music Store launched?

Hypothesis: This service allows users to access the Music Store from either an iPhone or an iPod Touch and download songs directly to the device that can be synced to the user's iTunes Library over a WiFi connection, or, in the case of an iPhone, the telephone network.


Premise: How many doctors saw Frédéric by the 3rd of December?

Hypothesis: On 3 December, Chopin complained about his bad health and the incompetence of the doctors in Majorca: "Three doctors have visited me ...


Premise: What empire was o the decline on 1375?

Hypothesis: Shortly after the Mane conquered the region, the Vai people of the former Mali Empire immigrated into the Grand Cape Mount region.


Premise: Where did the torch event end?

Hypothesis: Some 60 torchbearers carried the torch from the downtown Opera House to the Military Zone 7 Competition Hall stadium near Tan Son Nhat International Airport along an undisclosed route.


Premise: Who gave John Couch Adams extra data?

Hypothesis: Via Cambridge Observatory director James Challis, he requested extra data from Sir George Airy, the Astronomer Royal, who supplied it in February 1844.


Premise: How many copies has To Kill a Mockingbird sold since it first came out?

Hypothesis: In the years since, it has sold more than 30 million copies and been translated into more than 40 languages.


Premise: When was the last time the Chicago Cubs win a World Series championship?

Hypothesis: The Chicago Cubs have not won a World Series championship since 1908, and have not appeared in the Fall Classic since 1945, although between their postseason appearance in 1984 and their most recent in 2015, they have made the postseason seven times.


Premise: When can the frame size or frame rate parameter specification be dropped?

Hypothesis: If all three parameters are used, they are specified in the following form: [frame size][scanning system][frame or field rate] or [frame size]/[frame or field rate][scanning system].[citation needed]


Premise: Before whose reign was assent always granted in person?

Hypothesis: Before the reign of Henry VIII, the sovereign always granted his or her assent in person.


Premise: Which position was formulated as a result of Executive Order 9980?

Hypothesis: The order "established in the Civil Service Commission a Fair Employment Board of not less than seven persons." Executive Order 9981, named Establishing the President's Committee on Equality of Treatment and Opportunity in the Armed Services, called for the integration of the Armed Forces and the creation of the National Military Establishment to carry out the executive order.


Premise: Which contestant was number three in sales from season three?

Hypothesis: His exposure on Idol landed him a record deal and surprisingly he became the third best-selling singer from that season.


Premise: What are the names of some of the other higher education organizations in Armenia?

Hypothesis: Other educational institutions in Armenia include the American University of Armenia and the QSI International School of Yerevan.


Premise: Under what handle were Marvel's detective fiction comics published?

Hypothesis: One of these shell companies through which Timely Comics was published was named Marvel Comics by at least Marvel Mystery Comics #55 (May 1944).


Premise: In 1971, who officially recognized women's football?

Hypothesis: The FA's ban was rescinded in December 1969 with UEFA voting to officially recognise women's football in 1971.


Premise: What is a caretaker manager?

Hypothesis: Caretaker appointments are managers that fill the gap between a managerial departure and a new appointment.


Premise: Where was Rabbi Azriel Hildesheimer from?

Hypothesis: As a group of Reform Rabbis convened in Braunschweig, Rabbi Jacob Ettlinger of Altona published a manifesto entitled "Shlomei Emunei Yisrael" in German and Hebrew, having 177 Rabbis sign on.


Premise: What efficient type of unit does the process of "engineering" wood result in?

Hypothesis: Glued engineered wood products are manufactured by bonding together wood strands, veneers, lumber or other forms of wood fiber with glue to form a larger, more efficient composite structural unit.


Premise: Which company manufactures the iPod Hi-Fi accessory?

Hypothesis: A large number are made by third party companies, although many, such as the iPod Hi-Fi, are made by Apple.


Premise: Who did Altan Khan persuade to convert to Gelug Buddhism?

Hypothesis: Laird writes that Altan Khan abolished the native Mongol practices of shamanism and blood sacrifice, while the Mongol princes and subjects were coerced by Altan to convert to Gelug Buddhism—or face execution if they persisted in their shamanistic ways.


Premise: What did Queen Victoria hope for the marriage between her daughter and Prince Frederick William?

Hypothesis: The Queen and Albert hoped that their daughter and son-in-law would be a liberalising influence in the enlarging Prussian state.


Premise: When was the adoption finalized?

Hypothesis: The adoption raised strong public reaction, because Malawian law requires would-be parents to reside in Malawi for one year before adopting, which Madonna did not do.


Premise: How can it be recovered through steam?

Hypothesis: Additional hydrogen can be recovered from the steam by use of carbon monoxide through the water gas shift reaction, especially with an iron oxide catalyst.


Premise: What is the landscape of Eichsfeld?

Hypothesis: The north-west includes the Eichsfeld, a hilly and sometimes forested region, where the Leine river emanates.


Premise: In what year where there 100,646 inhabitants in St. John's?

Hypothesis: Apart from St. John's, the CMA includes 12 other communities: the city of Mount Pearl and the towns of Conception Bay South, Paradise, Portugal Cove-St.


Premise: How many people visited the Louvre in 2013?

Hypothesis: The Louvre museum had more than 9.2 million visitors in 2013, making it the most visited museum in the world.


Premise: What job did Steven Spielberg's father have?

Hypothesis: His mother, Leah (Adler) Posner (born 1920), was a restaurateur and concert pianist, and his father, Arnold Spielberg (born 1917), was an electrical engineer involved in the development of computers.


Premise: Who was the Army Chief of Staff at this time?

Hypothesis: Soldiers still wear berets who are currently in a unit in jump status, whether the wearer is parachute-qualified, or not (maroon beret), Members of the 75th Ranger Regiment and the Airborne and Ranger Training Brigade (tan beret), and Special Forces (rifle green beret) and may wear it with the Army Service Uniform for non-ceremonial functions.


Premise: What did Roman settlers commonly seek out?

Hypothesis: With some important exceptions, successful wars in early republican Rome generally led not to annexation or military occupation, but to the restoration of the way things were.


Premise: What was the export level of Sichuan in 2008?

Hypothesis: Exports were US$13.1 billion, an annual increase of 52.3 percent, while imports were US$8.93 billion, an annual increase of 54.7 percent.


Premise: When did Wu destroy the Qing armies?

Hypothesis: The Qing had the support of the majority of Han Chinese soldiers and Han elite against the Three Feudatories, since they refused to join Wu Sangui in the revolt, while the Eight Banners and Manchu officers fared poorly against Wu Sangui, so the Qing responded with using a massive army of more than 900,000 Han Chinese (non-Banner) instead of the Eight Banners, to fight and crush the Three Feudatories.


Premise: What famous neighbor did Von Neumann have that may have been distracted by the music Von Neumann played?

Hypothesis: Von Neumann liked to eat and drink; his wife, Klara, said that he could count everything except calories.


Premise: What is another word for ligatures?

Hypothesis: The correct rendering of Unicode Indic text requires transforming the stored logical order characters into visual order and the forming of ligatures (aka conjuncts) out of components.


Premise: What product of uranium was used as toner?

Hypothesis: Uranium salts are mordants of silk or wool.


Premise: How are cells held in place in plants and fungi?

Hypothesis: In contrast, other multicellular organisms, like plants and fungi, have cells held in place by cell walls, and so develop by progressive growth.


Premise: What are the two types of Ion gauges?

Hypothesis: They come in two types: hot cathode and cold cathode.


Premise: How ling did it take the It Gets Better Project video to draw such a huge response?

Hypothesis: It Gets Better Project expanded from a single YouTube video directed to discouraged or suicidal LGBT teens


Premise: Which motorway connects Southampton to London?

Hypothesis: Southampton is a major UK port which has good transport links with the rest of the country.


Premise: Does a sassafras tree typically have a thin or thick sapwood layer?

Hypothesis: Some species begin to form heartwood very early in life, so having only a thin layer of live sapwood, while in others the change comes slowly.


Premise: What did the Roman emperor Claudius decide

Hypothesis: A series of such fortresses was built after the Roman emperor Claudius decided the empire should not expand north.


Premise: What year was the Rainbow Times founded?

Hypothesis: Various LGBT publications serve the city's large LGBT (lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender) community such as The Rainbow Times, the only minority and lesbian-owned LGBT newsmagazine.


Premise: What concept does the government currently support for education?

Hypothesis: The concept of "school choice" introduces the idea of competition between state schools, a fundamental change to the original "neighbourhood comprehensive" model, and is partly intended as a means by which schools that are perceived to be inferior are forced either to improve or, if hardly anyone wants to go there, to close down.


Premise: Has a level 2 club reached the finals ever?

Hypothesis: The last entrants are the Premier League and Championship clubs, into the draw for the Third Round Proper.


Premise: What receptors absorb red and blue light in plants?

Hypothesis: Red and blue light are absorbed through several phytochromes and cryptochromes.


Premise: What is zinc chemically close to?

Hypothesis: Zinc is the 24th most abundant element in Earth's crust and has five stable isotopes.


Premise: Why did the Latin Americas Upper class support coup o'etats?

Hypothesis: In Latin America in the 1970s, leftists acquired a significant political influence which prompted the right-wing, ecclesiastical authorities and a large portion of the individual country's upper class to support coup d'états to avoid what they perceived as a communist threat.


Premise: Which ranch applies, interprets, and occasionally overturns both state statutes and regulations?

Hypothesis: All states have a legislative branch which enacts state statutes, an executive branch that promulgates state regulations pursuant to statutory authorization, and a judicial branch that applies, interprets, and occasionally overturns both state statutes and regulations, as well as local ordinances.


Premise: Who did The Saints beat in 1976 to win the FA Cup?

Hypothesis: They were also runners-up in the 1979 Football League Cup final and 2003 FA Cup final.


Premise: What was another term for easy listening stations?

Hypothesis: Another big impetus for the evolution of the AC radio format was the popularity of easy listening or "beautiful music" stations, stations with music specifically designed to be purely ambient.


Premise: What is the name of infamous historical person who played an important role on Power House Day?

Hypothesis: Under Captain Benedict Arnold, they broke into the powder house to arm themselves and began a three-day march to Cambridge, Massachusetts.


Premise: Who were the victims of industrial accidents?

Hypothesis: The first documentation of child labour in Brazil occurred during the time of indigenous societies and slave labour where it was found that children were forcibly working on tasks that exceeded their emotional and physical limits.


Premise: What do the mas bands eventually converge on?

Hypothesis: The mas bands eventually converge on the Queen's Park Savannah to pass on "The Stage" for judging.


Premise: How many things did Microsoft alter after Release Preview?

Hypothesis: Microsoft indicated that due to improvements to its testing infrastructure, general improvements of this nature are to be released more frequently through Windows Update instead of being relegated to OEMs and service packs only.


Premise: What does warren Buffet stipulate his berkshire hathaway  shares be used for in the 10 year period after his death

Hypothesis: Also announced was the decision to "... spend all of [the Trust's] resources within 20 years after Bill's and Melinda's deaths".


Premise: Ibn al-Haytham and Roger Bacon were scientists in which time period?

Hypothesis: The English word scientist is relatively recent—first coined by William Whewell in the 19th century.


Premise: What is sexual orientation defined as?

Hypothesis: Sexual identity and sexual behavior are closely related to sexual orientation, but they are distinguished, with sexual identity referring to an individual's conception of themselves, behavior referring to actual sexual acts performed by the individual, and orientation referring to "fantasies, attachments and longings.


Premise: What was the main component of Japanese sailor's diet?

Hypothesis: In the early 1880s, Kanehiro Takaki observed that Japanese sailors (whose diets consisted almost entirely of white rice) developed beriberi (or endemic neuritis, a disease causing heart problems and paralysis), but British sailors and Japanese naval officers did not.


Premise: When did Marvel's British-themed superhero first appear?

Hypothesis: At the 1975 event, Stan Lee used a Fantastic Four panel discussion to announce that Jack Kirby, the artist co-creator of most of Marvel's signature characters, was returning to Marvel after having left in 1970 to work for rival DC Comics.


Premise: What type of clothing is frequently the product of sweatshops?

Hypothesis: Mass-produced clothing is often made in what are considered by some to be sweatshops, typified by long work hours, lack of benefits, and lack of worker representation.


Premise: What have some structures evolved to protect?

Hypothesis: The characteristics that attract pollinators account for the popularity of flowers and flowering plants among humans.


Premise: What slowed down the growth of solar energy?

Hypothesis: Although the outbreak of World War I and the discovery of cheap oil in the 1930s discouraged the advancement of solar energy, Shuman’s vision and basic design were resurrected in the 1970s with a new wave of interest in solar thermal energy.


Premise: What name did the expedition give to the island it saw on January 12th?

Hypothesis: On January 10, the Spaniards sighted another island that they named "Placeres", perhaps Ailuk; ten leagues away, they sighted another island that they called "Pajares" (perhaps Jemo).


Premise: In diffuse-porous woods, if the demarcation between rings is obvious, what type of difference within the ring might not be?

Hypothesis: In the diffuse-porous woods, the demarcation between rings is not always so clear and in some cases is almost (if not entirely) invisible to the unaided eye.


Premise: What was a possible condition that made the United Grand Lodge of England withdraw it's recognition of the Grand Orient de France?

Hypothesis: The result was the withdrawal of recognition of the Grand Orient of France by the United Grand Lodge of England, a situation that continues today.


Premise: IBM was identified by what department as a major source of pollution?

Hypothesis: Remediation and testing are ongoing, however according to city officials, tests show that the water is safe to drink.


Premise: What was the most losses the Luftwaffe suffered on any mission?

Hypothesis: By April and May 1941, the Luftwaffe was still getting through to their targets, taking no more than one- to two-percent losses on any given mission.


Premise: Hidalgo refused the use of what during his execution?

Hypothesis: At his execution, Hidalgo placed his right hand over his heart to show the riflemen where they should aim.


Premise: What was the date of the Abbey's coronation?

Hypothesis: The building was not completed until around 1090 but was consecrated on 28 December 1065, only a week before Edward's death on 5 January 1066.


Premise: What year were women allowed to attend Northwestern University?

Hypothesis: Northwestern was founded in 1851 by John Evans, for whom the City of Evanston is named, and eight other lawyers, businessmen and Methodist leaders.


Premise: What are the leading exports in Israel?

Hypothesis: Leading exports include electronics, software, computerized systems, communications technology, medical equipment, pharmaceuticals, fruits, chemicals, military technology, and cut diamonds; in 2012, Israeli exports reached $64.74 billion.


Premise: What ranked San Diego as having the country's best summer climate?

Hypothesis: San Diego's climate is characterized by warm, dry summers and mild winters with most of the annual precipitation falling between December and March.


Premise: After discharging and disconnecting a capacitor, what causes it to develop a voltage?

Hypothesis: On discharging a capacitor and disconnecting it, after a short time it may develop a voltage due to hysteresis in the dielectric.


Premise: what is reflected and transmitted into the ground when a plane surface is struck?

Hypothesis: When an electromagnetic wave strikes a plane surface such as the ground, part of the wave is transmitted into the ground and part of it is reflected, according to the Fresnel coefficients.


Premise: Several Western European companies are shifting taxes in a process known as what?

Hypothesis: Several Western European countries are already shifting taxes in a process known there as environmental tax reform.


Premise: Who was Pantages competitor in the theater business?

Hypothesis: The theaters he built for Pantages in Seattle have been either demolished or converted to other uses, but many other theaters survive in other cities of the U.S., often retaining the Pantages name; Seattle's surviving Paramount Theatre, on which he collaborated, was not a Pantages theater.


Premise: How many Irish people died during the Great Famine?

Hypothesis: The story that she donated only £5 in aid to the Irish, and on the same day gave the same amount to Battersea Dogs Home, was a myth generated towards the end of the 19th century.


Premise: What can lossless formats provide?

Hypothesis: Lossless formats include FLAC (Free Lossless Audio Codec), Apple Lossless and many others.


Premise: Which of his works addresses redemption and the Son of God?

Hypothesis: Athanasius also wrote a two-part Against the Heathen and The Incarnation of the Word of God.


Premise: What would a group like Crowdfund, GoFundMe or Kickstarter possibly belong to?

Hypothesis: A more broadly applicable term, "Social Benefit Organization" (SBO) has been advocated for by organizations such as MiniDonations.


Premise: What city almost exclusively celebrates the Carnival?

Hypothesis: The festival is celebrated almost exclusively in the city of Limassol.


Premise: Who performed the studies that found most homosexual people having different degrees of gender issues?

Hypothesis: Transgender and cisgender people may be attracted to men, women, or both, although the prevalence of different sexual orientations is quite different in these two populations.


Premise: What did the Norsemen provide to the monastery?

Hypothesis: The ecclesiastical settlement continued alongside the Viking longphort, with the two developing a type of symbiotic relationship; the Norsemen providing otherwise unobtainable trade goods for the monastery, and perhaps also military aid.


Premise: There was an ocean between Gondwana and Asia in the Permian, what was it?

Hypothesis: A new ocean was growing on its southern end, the Tethys Ocean, an ocean that would dominate much of the Mesozoic Era.


Premise: In what elementary grades is Bosnian an optional course?

Hypothesis: A large Bosniak minority is present in the southwest region of Sandžak, but the "official recognition" of Bosnian language is moot.


Premise: What is another term for Western Iran?

Hypothesis: Arabic spread into some parts of Western Iran (Khuzestan), and Turkic languages spread through much of Central Asia, displacing various Iranian languages such as Sogdian and Bactrian in parts of what is today Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan and Tajikistan.


Premise: Who commanded the French V Corps in reserve?

Hypothesis: The French cavalry, commanded by General Marguerite, launched three desperate attacks on the nearby village of Floing where the Prussian XI Corps was concentrated.


Premise: What did Bell call the best thing he ever made?

Hypothesis: The photophone was a precursor to the fiber-optic communication systems which achieved popular worldwide usage in the 1980s.


Premise: What is in saliva that starts to digest the starches?

Hypothesis: Saliva, a liquid secreted by the salivary glands, contains salivary amylase, an enzyme which starts the digestion of starch in the food; the saliva also contains mucus, which lubricates the food, and hydrogen carbonate, which provides the ideal conditions of pH (alkaline) for amylase to work.


Premise: When a parameter is dropped, the remaining numeric parameter is specified first, followed by what?

Hypothesis: In this case, the remaining numeric parameter is specified first, followed by the scanning system.


Premise: What smartphones have SNES emulators?

Hypothesis: Emulation of the SNES is now available on handheld units, such as Android devices, Apple's iPhone and iPad, Sony's PlayStation Portable (PSP), the Nintendo DS and Game Boy Advance, the Gizmondo, the Dingoo and the GP2X by GamePark Holdings, as well as PDAs.


Premise: In recognition of what event was the color red adopted for Arsenal shirts?

Hypothesis: The choice of red is in recognition of a charitable donation from Nottingham Forest, soon after Arsenal's foundation in 1886.


Premise: Which is lines are commonly higher in density, laidlines or chainlines?

Hypothesis: Laidlines are very close together.


Premise: What entity makes the defining formula for the HDI well-known?

Hypothesis: In general, to transform a raw variable, say , into a unit-free index between 0 and 1 (which allows different indices to be added together), the following formula is used:


Premise: What other action star was an international hit in the 1980s?

Hypothesis: During the 1980s, audiences had an appetite for action films, with both Schwarzenegger and Sylvester Stallone becoming international stars.


Premise: What phrase describes keeping adjusted summer hours year-round?

Hypothesis: Russia switched to permanent DST from 2011 to 2014, but the move proved unpopular because of the late sunrises in winter, so the country switched permanently back to "standard" or "winter" time in 2014.


Premise: WHat happened to the nobilities feudal power?

Hypothesis: It bound the peasant to the land, as only one son (not the eldest) was permitted to leave the village; townsfolk (Polish: "mieszczaństwo") were prohibited from owning land; and positions in the Church hierarchy could be given only to nobles.


Premise: What is defined as the official codification of federal statutory law?

Hypothesis: The Constitution sets out the boundaries of federal law, which consists of acts of Congress, treaties ratified by the Senate, regulations promulgated by the executive branch, and case law originating from the federal judiciary.


Premise: In what century did Paris become largely into fashion?

Hypothesis: Paris Fashion Week, held in January and July in the Carrousel du Louvre and other city locations, is among the top four events of the international fashion calendar, along with the fashion weeks in Milan, London and New York.


Premise: How are the skins of sea mammals useful for people in the Arctic trap?

Hypothesis: Even as animal domestication became relatively widespread and after the development of agriculture, hunting was usually a significant contributor to the human food supply.


Premise: How many seasons of American Idol have there been?

Hypothesis: Fox announced on May 11, 2015 that the fifteenth season would be the final season of American Idol; as such, the season is expected to have an additional focus on the program's alumni.


Premise: How many choristers are there at the abbey?

Hypothesis: Together with the clergy and Receiver General and Chapter Clerk, various lay officers constitute the college, including the Organist and Master of the Choristers, the Registrar, the Auditor, the Legal Secretary, the Surveyor of the Fabric, the Head Master of the choir school, the Keeper of the Muniments and the Clerk of the Works, as well as 12 lay vicars, 10 choristers and the High Steward and High Bailiff.


Premise: What year did Michael Dell bring in Lee Walker to the company?

Hypothesis: Walker retired in 1990 due to health, and Michael Dell hired Morton Meyerson, former CEO and president of Electronic Data Systems to transform the company from a fast-growing medium-sized firm into a billion-dollar enterprise.


Premise: How many bells make up the abbey ring?

Hypothesis: The Tenor bell in D (588.5 Hz) has a weight of 30 cwt, 1 qtr, 15 lb (3403 lb or 1544 kg).


Premise: What campus did Yale buy in 2008?

Hypothesis: In 2008, Yale purchased the 136-acre (0.55 km2) former Bayer Pharmaceutical campus in West Haven, Connecticut, the buildings of which are now used as laboratory and research space.