Premise: What do pigments do with the color green?

Hypothesis: The large number of green pigments makes it impossible to mention them all.


Premise: What are some neighborhoods in Raleigh?

Hypothesis: The neighborhoods in Old Raleigh include Cameron Park, Boylan Heights, Country Club Hills, Coley Forest, Five Points, Budleigh, Glenwood-Brooklyn, Hayes Barton Historic District, Moore Square, Mordecai, Rosengarten Park, Belvidere Park, Woodcrest, and Historic Oakwood.


Premise: What is the Arabic term for the cancellation of one part of the Quran by another?

Hypothesis: Commentators erudite in Arabic explained the allusions, and perhaps most importantly, explained which Quranic verses had been revealed early in Muhammad's prophetic career, as being appropriate to the very earliest Muslim community, and which had been revealed later, canceling out or "abrogating" (nāsikh) the earlier text (mansūkh).


Premise: What degree programs are offered by the George Warren Brown School of Social Work?

Hypothesis: With roots dating back to 1909 in the university's School of Social Economy, the George Warren Brown School of Social Work (commonly called the Brown School or Brown) was founded in 1925.


Premise: What part of his mom's head would Bell talk into?

Hypothesis: Bell was also deeply affected by his mother's gradual deafness, (she began to lose her hearing when he was 12) and learned a manual finger language so he could sit at her side and tap out silently the conversations swirling around the family parlour.


Premise: During what decade did food become an important aspect of a pub's business?

Hypothesis: Some pubs serve meals to a higher standard, to match good restaurant standards; these are sometimes termed gastropubs.


Premise: What heavy metal group introduced darker themes to the music?

Hypothesis: In the late 1960s, the term heavy metal was used interchangeably with hard rock, but gradually began to be used to describe music played with even more volume and intensity.


Premise: Where was the book, On the Origin of Species first offered for sale?

Hypothesis: The book had been offered to booksellers at Murray's autumn sale on Tuesday 22 November, and all available copies had been taken up immediately.


Premise: What does the Everton club motto, "Nil Satis Nisi Optimum," mean in English?

Hypothesis: It was originally used as a bridewell to incarcerate mainly drunks and minor criminals, and it still stands today on Everton Brow in Netherfield Road.


Premise: What motorway crosses the River Test to the North?

Hypothesis: where the A27 road crosses the Itchen.


Premise: What place was Oklahoma cities population ranked in the nation in 2012?

Hypothesis: Oklahoma City is the principal city of the eight-county Oklahoma City Metropolitan Statistical Area in Central Oklahoma and is the state's largest urbanized area.


Premise: How many bridges in Oklahoma were found to be deficient in 2010?

Hypothesis: In 2008, Interstate 44 in Oklahoma City was Oklahoma's busiest highway, with a daily traffic volume of 123,300 cars.


Premise: What university was Melancthon from?

Hypothesis: In fact, more than 80% of the European scientists between 1450–1650 included in the Dictionary of Scientific Biography were university trained, of which approximately 45% held university posts.


Premise: Why have wall mosaics generally not survived in the region?

Hypothesis: Generally wall mosaics have not survived in the region because of the destruction of buildings but the St. Catherine's Monastery is exceptional.


Premise: In addition to Russia, the Sixth Coalition consisted of forces from which two nations?

Hypothesis: The resulting campaign witnessed the catastrophic collapse of the Grand Army, forcing the French to retreat, as well as leading to the widespread destruction of Russian lands and cities.


Premise: In what year were private manufactures allowed to create coins that were exactly 2.6g in mass?

Hypothesis: In 182 BC, Lü Zhi issued a bronze coin that was much lighter in weight than previous coins.


Premise: Much of what is incorporated in the scientific method and some modern attitudes towards the relationship between science and religion were developed by David Hume and what other philosopher?

Hypothesis: Much of what is incorporated in the scientific method (the nature of knowledge, evidence, experience, and causation) and some modern attitudes towards the relationship between science and religion were developed by his protégés David Hume and Adam Smith.


Premise: What is the average maximum temperature in Brasilia in September?

Hypothesis: Brasília has a tropical savanna climate (Aw) according to the Köppen system, with two distinct seasons: the rainy season, from October to April, and a dry season, from May to September.


Premise: When was the SNES released in the US?

Hypothesis: Although each version is essentially the same, several forms of regional lockout prevent the different versions from being compatible with one another.


Premise: What was found to be limited or at least difficult to get access to in the studied region?

Hypothesis: These statistics point to the complexities surrounding the lack of health/nutrition literacy and reveal the degree to which they are embedded in the social structure and interconnected with other problems.


Premise: Where do many ground birds, such as quails and pheasants, roost?

Hypothesis: Many ground birds, such as quails and pheasants, roost in trees.


Premise: Who did Kerry share a campaign headquarters with?

Hypothesis: Including Kerry, the Democratic primary race had 10 candidates, including attorney Paul J. Sheehy, State Representative Anthony R. DiFruscia, John J. Desmond and Robert B. Kennedy.


Premise: When did the conquest of Tibet reach its peak?

Hypothesis: He adds that the Ming court's lack of concern for Tibet was one of the reasons why the Mongols pounced on the chance to reclaim their old vassal of Tibet and "fill once more the political vacuum in that country.


Premise: Who led American forces in this war?

Hypothesis: The Philippine–American War (1899–1902) was an armed conflict between a group of Filipino revolutionaries and the American forces following the ceding of the Philippines to the United States after the defeat of Spanish forces in the Battle of Manila.


Premise: Approximately how many residents of Santa Monica rent their property?

Hypothesis: Over two-thirds of Santa Monica's residents are renters.


Premise: Along with the Silver Star, what Amtrak line runs to Miami?

Hypothesis: Miami is the southern terminus of Amtrak's Atlantic Coast services, running two lines, the Silver Meteor and the Silver Star, both terminating in New York City.


Premise: Towards the end of what year did That's Solent begin broadcasting?

Hypothesis: That's Solent is an local television channel that began broadcasting in November 2014, which will be based in and serve Southampton and Portsmouth.


Premise: What is a new law given at the OFR of the NARA?

Hypothesis: After the President signs a bill into law (or Congress enacts it over his veto), it is delivered to the Office of the Federal Register (OFR) of the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) where it is assigned a law number, and prepared for publication as a slip law.


Premise: Who recorded "You Really Got Me"?

Hypothesis: In contrast, hard rock was most often derived from blues rock and was played louder and with more intensity.


Premise: What charity did Spielberg's 'Lego Moviemaker' kit fund?

Hypothesis: The Spielberg name provided branding for a Lego Moviemaker kit, the proceeds of which went to the Starbright Foundation.


Premise: What Hindu philosohy is concerned with inference?

Hypothesis: Ancient and medieval Hindu texts identify six pramāṇas as correct means of accurate knowledge and truths: pratyakṣa (perception), anumāṇa (inference), upamāṇa (comparison and analogy), arthāpatti (postulation, derivation from circumstances), anupalabdi (non-perception, negative/cognitive proof) and śabda (word, testimony of past or present reliable experts)


Premise: Was child labour common in European colonies?

Hypothesis: Systematic use of child labour was common place in the colonies of European powers between 1650 and 1950.


Premise: From which time period did birds and reptiles began to appear from?

Hypothesis: At the end of the Carboniferous period, this group diverged from the sauropsid line that led to today's reptiles and birds.


Premise: What is the average high North Carolina coastal temperature on the plains in the summer?

Hypothesis: The highest coastal, daytime temperature averages less than 89 °F (32 °C) during summer months.


Premise: Was Saint Athanasius willing or unwilling to fill the vacancy?

Hypothesis: The clergy and people were determined to have him as their bishop, Patriarch of Alexandria, and refused to accept any excuses.


Premise: What were local villages' assemblies called in the Magadha kingdoms?

Hypothesis: The Magadha kingdom included republican communities such as the community of Rajakumara.


Premise: What was considered unreliable?

Hypothesis: The heavy fighting in the Battle of Britain had eaten up most of Fighter Command's resources, so there was little investment in night fighting.


Premise: Who led the Israeli Black Panthers?

Hypothesis: North African Sepharadim and Berber Jews were often looked upon by Ashkenazim as second-class citizens during the first decade after the creation of Israel.


Premise: What happened to Britain during the 17th century?

Hypothesis: The subsequent 17th century was one of political upheaval, religious division and war.


Premise: Which articles in the Norwegian Constitution allow the monarch to reject a bill that has been passed through the Sorting?

Hypothesis: Articles 77–79 of the Norwegian Constitution specifically grant the monarch of Norway the right to withhold royal assent from any bill passed by the Storting.


Premise: What year was an underwater telegraph line made that connected Montevideo with Buenos Aires?

Hypothesis: In 1853 a stagecoach bus line was established joining Montevideo with the newly formed settlement of Unión and the first natural gas street lights were inaugurated.[citation needed]


Premise: When was the Oklahoma City Bombing?

Hypothesis: In 1995, Oklahoma City was the site of one of the most destructive acts of domestic terrorism in American history.


Premise: What is a commonly used food coloring in the United Kingdom that is banned in Australia, Japan, Norway, and the United States?

Hypothesis: Chlorophyll, the E numbers E140 and E141, is the most common green chemical found in nature, and only allowed in certain medicines and cosmetic materials.


Premise: What does the width of one dark and one light band measure?

Hypothesis: They are linked to seasonal motion of glaciers; the width of one dark and one light band generally equals the annual movement of the glacier.


Premise: How do modern police often communicate?

Hypothesis: In recent years, vehicle-installed computers have enhanced the ability of police communications, enabling easier dispatching of calls, criminal background checks on persons of interest to be completed in a matter of seconds, and updating officers' daily activity log and other, required reports on a real-time basis.


Premise: How old was Schwarzenegger when he moved to the U.S.?

Hypothesis: Schwarzenegger, who dreamed of moving to the U.S. since the age of 10, and saw bodybuilding as the avenue through which to do so, realized his dream by moving to the United States in September 1968 at the age of 21, speaking little English.


Premise: In Parliament, who was the leader of the monarchists?

Hypothesis: The leader of the monarchists in Parliament, Adolphe Thiers, spoke for moderation, arguing that France had won the diplomatic battle and there was no reason for war, but he was drowned out by cries that he was a traitor and a Prussian.


Premise: About how many days a year does the temperature in Richmond go above 32 degrees Celsius?

Hypothesis: The July daily mean temperature is 79.3 °F (26.3 °C), and high temperatures reach or exceed 90 °F (32 °C) approximately 43 days out of the year; while 100 °F (38 °C) temperatures are not uncommon, they do not occur every year.


Premise: What year did the Rus raid Baku, Gilan,Mazandaran, and Caucasus?

Hypothesis: The Rus' were raiding and plundering into the Caspian Sea region from 864, with the first large-scale expedition in 913, when they extensively raided Baku, Gilan, Mazandaran and penetrated into the Caucasus.


Premise: How old must a citizen of the Marshall Islands be to vote?

Hypothesis: Elections are held every four years in universal suffrage (for all citizens above 18), with each of the twenty-four constituencies (see below) electing one or more representatives (senators) to the lower house of RMI's unicameral legislature, the Nitijela.


Premise: What have a and e done in eastern dialects?

Hypothesis: There are a few other differences in pronunciation, verbal morphology, and vocabulary.


Premise: What did airports use to permit night flying as well as landing heavier aircraft?

Hypothesis: The airports of this era used a paved "apron", which permitted night flying as well as landing heavier aircraft.


Premise: What branch of the Yugoslav government would retain control over foreign affairs, defense and internal security?

Hypothesis: The federal government would retain authority only over foreign affairs, defense, internal security, monetary affairs, free trade within Yugoslavia, and development loans to poorer regions.


Premise: At what event was a potential follow-up to The Wind Waker mentioned?

Hypothesis: At the following year's Game Developers Conference, director Eiji Aonuma unintentionally revealed that the game's sequel was in development under the working title


Premise: What type of school is the Gesamtschule?

Hypothesis: In most cases students attending a Gesamtschule may graduate with the Hauptschulabschluss, the Realschulabschluss or the Abitur depending on how well they did in school.


Premise: What university is in this part of Raleigh?

Hypothesis: Time Warner Cable Music Pavilion (formerly Alltel Pavilion and Walnut Creek Amphitheatre) is one of the region's major outdoor concert venues and is located on Rock Quarry Road.


Premise: Who was Mehmed's successor?

Hypothesis: In many places in Europe, Jews were suffering persecution at the hands of their Christian counterparts, such as in Spain after the conclusion of Reconquista.


Premise: Paperback of the Year award from Bestsellers magazine was awarded when?

Hypothesis: In 1961, when To Kill a Mockingbird was in its 41st week on the bestseller list, it was awarded the Pulitzer Prize, stunning Lee.


Premise: What are some of the negative things adolescents are susceptible to?

Hypothesis: At the decision-making point of their lives, youth is susceptible to drug addiction, sexual abuse, peer pressure, violent crimes and other illegal activities.


Premise: In what year did a French magazine describe the use of asphalt?

Hypothesis: An 1838 edition of Mechanics Magazine cites an early use of asphalt in France.


Premise: How often is the Seattle Poetry festival held?

Hypothesis: The Seattle Poetry Festival is a biennial poetry festival that (launched first as the Poetry Circus in 1997) has featured local, regional, national, and international names in poetry.


Premise: What was Mexico home to prior to the arrival of the Spaniards?

Hypothesis: The territory of modern-day Mexico was home to numerous indigenous civilizations prior to the arrival of the Spanish conquistadores:


Premise: R. C. Harvey, Will Eisner and others are considered to be comic what?

Hypothesis: Similar to the problems of defining literature and film, no consensus has been reached on a definition of the comics medium, and attempted definitions and descriptions have fallen prey to numerous exceptions.


Premise: Who recieved the first perfect score?

Hypothesis: Nadia Comăneci received the first perfect score, at the 1976 Summer Olympics held in Montreal, Canada.


Premise: By 1945 what was the total sale of 45s?

Hypothesis: For a two-year period from 1948 to 1950, record companies and consumers faced uncertainty over which of these formats would ultimately prevail in what was known as the "War of the Speeds".


Premise: Why is there a lessening of material possessions in hunting and gathering groups?

Hypothesis: Therefore, no surplus of resources can be accumulated by any single member.


Premise: How much was the settlement GlaxoSmithKline agree to?

Hypothesis: The settlement is related to the company's illegal promotion of prescription drugs, its failure to report safety data, bribing doctors, and promoting medicines for uses for which they were not licensed.


Premise: What is the annual turnover for the trust?

Hypothesis: The Trust is currently the largest in the UK and has an annual turnover of £800 million, treating more than a million patients a year.[citation needed]


Premise: What was the response of  Kliment Voroshilov in regards to further conversations with Britain and France?

Hypothesis: On August 25, Voroshilov told them "[i]n view of the changed political situation, no useful purpose can be served in continuing the conversation."


Premise: What publication ranked New York first in the 2013 American Cities of the Future rankings?

Hypothesis: New York City has been ranked first among cities across the globe in attracting capital, business, and tourists.


Premise: Along with teen pop, dance and hard rock, what form of music is typically not heard on AC radio?

Hypothesis: AC radio stations may play mainstream music, but they will exclude hip hop, dance tracks, hard rock, and some forms of teen pop, as they are less popular amongst the target demographic of these radio stations, which is intended for an adult audience.


Premise: What quality made the US only a minor military power after the Revolutionary War?

Hypothesis: Following the American Revolutionary War, the United States faced potential military conflict on the high seas as well as on the western frontier.


Premise: How many prefecture-size cities are in the province of Anhui?

Hypothesis: On its western boundary is Anhui province, where Nanjing borders five prefecture-level cities, Chuzhou to the northwest, Wuhu, Chaohu and Maanshan to the west and Xuancheng to the southwest.


Premise: Who did the 5th Dalai Lama beg for help from?

Hypothesis: Güshi Khan accepted his role as protector, and from 1637–1640 he not only defeated the Gelugpas' enemies in the Amdo and Kham regions, but also resettled his entire tribe into Amdo.


Premise: When did India and Pakistan begin serious peace talks?

Hypothesis: Punjab witnessed major battles between the armies of India and Pakistan in the wars of 1965 and 1971.


Premise: When did Victoria's coronation take place at Westminster Abbey?

Hypothesis: She became the first sovereign to take up residence at Buckingham Palace and inherited the revenues of the duchies of Lancaster and Cornwall as well as being granted a civil list allowance of £385,000 per year.


Premise: What famous art building was opened in late 2008?

Hypothesis: In southern Mexico City, the Museo Carrillo Gil (Carrillo Gil Museum) showcases avant-garde artists, as does the University Museum/Contemporary Art (Museo Universitario Arte Contemporáneo – or MUAC), designed by famed Mexican architect Teodoro González de León, inaugurated in late 2008.


Premise: What was one reason Calvary was chosen?

Hypothesis: One is that as a place of public execution, Calvary may have been strewn with the skulls of abandoned victims (which would be contrary to Jewish burial traditions, but not Roman).


Premise: By 2015, how much did Dell slate to reduce its emissions?

Hypothesis: It is listed in Greenpeace’s Guide to Greener Electronics that scores leading electronics manufacturers according to their policies on sustainability, climate and energy and how green their products are.


Premise: What was the migration rate of Mexico City from 95-2000?

Hypothesis: The net migration rate of the Federal District from 1995 to 2000 was negative.


Premise: When did the long-lasting bulb in Texas begin continuing illumination?

Hypothesis: The "Centennial Light" is a light bulb that is accepted by the Guinness Book of World Records as having been burning almost continuously at a fire station in Livermore, California, since 1901.


Premise: Which book does Feynman detail was to pick up girls?

Hypothesis: In Surely You're Joking, Mr. Feynman!, he gives advice on the best way to pick up a girl in a hostess bar.


Premise: What power was in possession of every single magistrate in Rome?

Hypothesis: While in Rome, all citizens had a judgement against coercion.


Premise: How is sunlight converted into electricity?

Hypothesis: Solar power is the conversion of sunlight into electricity, either directly using photovoltaics (PV), or indirectly using concentrated solar power (CSP).


Premise: What is the publication, Sudharma?

Hypothesis: Sudharma, a daily newspaper in Sanskrit, has been published out of Mysore, India, since 1970, while Sanskrit Vartman Patram and Vishwasya Vrittantam started in Gujarat during the last five years.


Premise: A play that results in what outcome will never also be a scoring play?

Hypothesis: Penalties never result in a score for the offence.


Premise: How much of Nigeria's population is Christian?

Hypothesis: According to one recent estimate, over 40% of Nigeria's population adheres to Islam (mainly Sunni, other branches are also present).


Premise: When founded by the Romans, what was the name they gave the city of London?

Hypothesis: Since at least the 19th century, the term London has also referred to the metropolis developed around this core.


Premise: Where can one find a greater variety of bit rates?

Hypothesis: A greater variety of bit rates are used on the Internet.


Premise: What groups combine matrices with matrix multiplication?

Hypothesis: Matrix groups consist of matrices together with matrix multiplication.


Premise: Are there studies on Hispanic-American language?

Hypothesis: Mr Veltman's language shift studies document high bilingualism rates and subsequent adoption of English as the preferred language of Hispanics, particularly by the young and the native-born.


Premise: How many rivers are in Punjab, Pakistan?

Hypothesis: Nearly 60% of Pakistan's population lives in the Punjab.


Premise: Who believes that the North Koreans only appeared to fail to effective execute their withdrawal plan?

Hypothesis: Zhou attempted to advise North Korean commanders on how to conduct a general withdrawal by using the same tactics which had allowed Chinese communist forces to successfully escape Chiang Kai-shek's Encirclement Campaigns in the 1930s, but by some accounts North Korean commanders did not utilize these tactics effectively.


Premise: What crops was the New Deal Program made for?

Hypothesis: After World War II, the state's economy grew rapidly, highlighted by the growth of such cities as Charlotte, Raleigh, and Durham in the Piedmont.


Premise: The Erie Canal was finished being built in what year?

Hypothesis: In the 19th century, the city was transformed by development relating to its status as a trading center, as well as by European immigration.


Premise: What are artifacts, faunal remains and human altered landscapes the evidence of?

Hypothesis: Archaeologists examine these material remains in order to deduce patterns of past human behavior and cultural practices.


Premise: Where did the Olympic Flame get lit?

Hypothesis: The actress Maria Nafpliotou, in the role of a High Priestess, ignited the torch of the first torchbearer, a silver medalist of the 2004 Summer Olympics in taekwondo Alexandros Nikolaidis from Greece, who handed the flame over to the second torchbearer, Olympic champion in women's breaststroke Luo Xuejuan from China.


Premise: What are examples of popular percussive instruments of Native Americans?

Hypothesis: Native American music in North America is almost entirely monophonic, but there are notable exceptions.


Premise: What season is Spoleto Festival USA held?

Hypothesis: Spoleto Festival USA, held annually in late spring, has become one of the world's major performing arts festivals.


Premise: Where did Kerry and Teresa meet?

Hypothesis: Kerry and his second wife, Mozambican-born businesswoman and philanthropist Maria Teresa Thierstein Simões Ferreira (known as Teresa), the widow of Kerry's late Pennsylvania Republican Senate colleague Henry John Heinz III, were introduced to each other by Heinz at an Earth Day rally in 1990.


Premise: How many times has the male basketball team from Kansas won a national title?

Hypothesis: Their most recent championship came on June 8, 2013 when the KU women's track and field team won the NCAA outdoor in Eugene, Oregon becoming the first University of Kansas women's team to win a national title.


Premise: Which colonists recorded more complete identities of the West Africans?

Hypothesis: By contrast, slave records from Louisiana show that the French and Spanish colonists recorded more complete identities of the West Africans, including ethnicities and given tribal names.


Premise: In 1763 what was the status of Frederick?

Hypothesis: In 1763 a peace settlement was reached at the Treaty of Hubertusburg, ending the war in central Europe.


Premise: How many people were killed?

Hypothesis: On 15 October, the bombers returned and about 900 fires were started by the mix of 415 short tons (376 t) of high explosive and 11 short tons (10.0 t) of incendiaries dropped.


Premise: What has been the overall growth of economy since 2011?

Hypothesis: Since the fall of Hosni Mubarak in 2011, Egypt has experienced a drastic fall in both foreign investment and tourism revenues, followed by a 60% drop in foreign exchange reserves, a 3% drop in growth, and a rapid devaluation of the Egyptian pound.


Premise: How much did Matrox's computer/LD combo weigh?

Hypothesis: Under contract from the U.S. Military, Matrox produced a combination computer/LaserDisc player for instructional purposes.


Premise: How could a white child be considered a member of the Omaha tribe?

Hypothesis: By contrast, among the patrilineal Omaha, for example, the child of a white man and Omaha woman was considered "white"; such mixed-race children and their mothers would be protected, but the children could formally belong to the tribe as members only if adopted by a man.


Premise: What climate was restricted to the equatorial areas?

Hypothesis: Eventually, tropics were restricted to the equator and areas beyond the tropic lines featured extreme seasonal changes in weather.


Premise: Who was Dell's main business rival?

Hypothesis: Dell's market share in the corporate segment was previously a "moat" against rivals but this has no longer been the case as sales and profits have fallen precipitously.


Premise: Which religious deity did Thales undermine with his scientific theories?

Hypothesis: The pre-Socratic philosopher Thales (640-546 BC), dubbed the "father of science", was the first to postulate non-supernatural explanations for natural phenomena, for example, that land floats on water and that earthquakes are caused by the agitation of the water upon which the land floats, rather than the god Poseidon.


Premise: What documentary aired in 2008?

Hypothesis: It was revealed in a documentary called Alexei Sayle's Liverpool, aired in September 2008, that many Liverpudlians will not even take the newspaper for free, and those who do may simply burn or tear it up.


Premise: What other surprising aspect of human development will youtube likely have an impact on?

Hypothesis: In education, for example, the Khan Academy grew from YouTube video tutoring sessions for founder Salman Khan's cousin into what Forbes'  Michael Noer called "the largest school in the world", with technology poised to disrupt how people learn.


Premise: Most videos enable users to do what

Hypothesis: In 2006, Time praised Web 2.0 for enabling "community and collaboration on a scale never seen before", and added that YouTube "harnesses the stupidity of crowds as well as its wisdom.


Premise: Voiced aspirated consonants are what type?

Hypothesis: In the grammatical tradition of Sanskrit, aspirated consonants are called voiceless aspirated, and breathy-voiced consonants are called voiced aspirated.


Premise: Who was added as a fourth judge in the eighth season of American Idol?

Hypothesis: In season eight, Latin Grammy Award-nominated singer–songwriter and record producer Kara DioGuardi was added as a fourth judge.


Premise: How much time did Schwarzenegger have to train for the 1975 Mr. Olympia competition?

Hypothesis: Schwarzenegger had only three months to prepare for the competition, after losing significant weight to appear in the film Stay Hungry with Jeff Bridges.


Premise: What kind of wires does the USB 2.0 variant use?

Hypothesis: D+ and D− signals are transmitted on a twisted pair, providing half-duplex data transfers for USB 2.0.


Premise: What is the goal of the NIBRS?

Hypothesis: The National Incident Based Reporting System (NIBRS) crime statistics system aims to address limitations inherent in UCR data.


Premise: Sanskrit is the primary sacred language of which religion?

Hypothesis: Sanskrit (/ˈsænskrɪt/; Sanskrit: saṃskṛtam [səmskr̩t̪əm] or saṃskṛta, originally saṃskṛtā vāk, "refined speech") is the primary sacred language of Hinduism, a philosophical language in Buddhism, Hinduism, Sikhism and Jainism, and a literary language that was in use as a lingua franca in Greater India.


Premise: When did Apple begin to favor aluminum in their design?

Hypothesis: Chief designer Jonathan Ive continues to guide products towards a minimalist and simple feel, including eliminating of replaceable batteries in notebooks.


Premise: Who did the new deal programs benefit?

Hypothesis: After World War II, the state's economy grew rapidly, highlighted by the growth of such cities as Charlotte, Raleigh, and Durham in the Piedmont.


Premise: Who first brought a postal service into Umayyad lands?

Hypothesis: Mu'awiyah introduced postal service, Abd al-Malik extended it throughout his empire, and Walid made full use of it.


Premise: In what year was Switzerland last involved in a war internationally?

Hypothesis: In addition to being the birthplace of the Red Cross, Switzerland is home to numerous international organizations, including the second largest UN office.


Premise: What do the Armenians see the events of 1915-1917 as?

Hypothesis: The events of 1915 to 1917 are regarded by Armenians and the vast majority of Western historians to have been state-sponsored mass killings, or genocide.


Premise: Who first used the term superpower?

Hypothesis: It was first coined in 1944 by William T.R. Fox and according to him, there were three superpowers: the British Empire, the United States, and the Soviet Union.


Premise: What family was funding the development of former Chelsea Barracks?

Hypothesis: Recently, Prince Charles came under controversy for promoting a classically designed development on the land of the former Chelsea Barracks in London.


Premise: What is Île Frégate in relation to St Barts?

Hypothesis: Some small satellite islets belong to St. Barthélemy including Île Chevreau (Île Bonhomme), Île Frégate, Île Toc Vers, Île Tortue and Gros Îlets (Îlots Syndare).


Premise: Who produced the film Three Smart Girls?

Hypothesis: The success of the film led Universal to offer her a contract, which for the first five years of her career produced her most successful pictures.


Premise: How many Jews live in Canada?

Hypothesis: The exact world Jewish population, however, is difficult to measure.


Premise: When were humanism beliefs mixed with another philosophy by a Taoist thinker?

Hypothesis: In the 6th century BCE, Taoist teacher Lao Tzu espoused a series of naturalistic concepts with some elements of humanistic philosophy.


Premise: Where does the other 25 percent of fresh air go?

Hypothesis: The other 25% of the air goes directly into the lungs.


Premise: What trend was Nasser trying to cause?

Hypothesis: Observers noted that the declaration signaled an important shift from political repression to liberalization, although its promises would largely go unfulfilled.


Premise: What is the name for a layer of n-type semiconductor set between two p-type semiconductors?

Hypothesis: This construction produces two p–n junctions: a base–emitter junction and a base–collector junction, separated by a thin region of semiconductor known as the base region (two junction diodes wired together without sharing an intervening semiconducting region will not make a transistor).


Premise: What type of work are The Mystery of a Hansom Cab, Monkey Grip, and The Slap?

Hypothesis: Significant novels set in Melbourne include Fergus Hume's The Mystery of a Hansom Cab, Helen Garner's Monkey Grip and Christos Tsiolkas' The Slap.


Premise: Which disease was vitamin C claimed to help prevent?

Hypothesis: In 1919, Sir Edward Mellanby incorrectly identified rickets as a vitamin A deficiency because he could cure it in dogs with cod liver oil.


Premise: In what century was Bhrikuti said to live?

Hypothesis: Legendary Princess Bhrikuti (7th-century) and artist Araniko (1245 - 1306 AD) from that tradition of Kathmandu valley played a significant role in spreading Buddhism in Tibet and China.


Premise: Who created the lyre for Apollo?

Hypothesis: As the leader of the Muses (Apollon Musegetes) and director of their choir, Apollo functioned as the patron god of music and poetry.


Premise: What advantage did light carriers have over escort carriers?

Hypothesis: Although with similar complement to Escort carriers, they had the advantage of speed from their converted cruiser hulls.


Premise: What organization identified Saint Helena as important for bird conservation?

Hypothesis: Much of the island has been identified by BirdLife International as being important for bird conservation, especially the endemic Saint Helena plover or wirebird, and for seabirds breeding on the offshore islets and stacks, in the north-east and the south-west Important Bird Areas.


Premise: What are the crescent shaped geographic feature of central Europe?

Hypothesis: The Alps are a crescent shaped geographic feature of central Europe that ranges in a 800 km (500 mi) arc from east to west and is 200 km (120 mi) in width.


Premise: What rare types of maples grow in southwest Oklahoma?

Hypothesis: Where rainfall is sparse in the western regions of the state, shortgrass prairie and shrublands are the most prominent ecosystems, though pinyon pines, red cedar (junipers), and ponderosa pines grow near rivers and creek beds in the far western reaches of the panhandle.


Premise: When did the Southern and Northern Nigeria Protectorates merge?

Hypothesis: The modern state originated from British colonial rule beginning in the 19th century, and the merging of the Southern Nigeria Protectorate and Northern Nigeria Protectorate in 1914.


Premise: What integers are included in modulo p?

Hypothesis: Its elements are the integers 1 to p − 1.


Premise: How do police identify someone as belonging to an ethnic group?

Hypothesis: The other is categories used by the police when they visually identify someone as belonging to an ethnic group, e.g. at the time of a stop and search or an arrest: White – North European (IC1), White – South European (IC2), Black (IC3), Asian (IC4), Chinese, Japanese, or South East Asian (IC5), Middle Eastern (IC6), and Unknown (IC0).


Premise: Which Germanic originating language densely acquired aspects from Latin?

Hypothesis: Although surviving Latin literature consists almost entirely of Classical Latin, an artificial and highly stylised and polished literary language from the 1st century BC, the actual spoken language was Vulgar Latin, which significantly differed from Classical Latin in grammar, vocabulary, and eventually pronunciation.


Premise: What material is used in order to release the vinyl records from their molds?

Hypothesis: Exact formulas for this compound varied by manufacturer and over the course of time, but it was typically composed of about one-third shellac and about two-thirds mineral filler, which meant finely pulverized rock, usually slate and limestone, with an admixture of cotton fibers to add tensile strength, carbon black for color (without this, it tended to be a "dirty" gray or brown color that most record companies considered unattractive), and a very small amount of a lubricant to facilitate mold release during manufacture.


Premise: Has the government of Myanmar made life any easier for it's inhabitants ?

Hypothesis: At the same time, international NGOs are mindful of the ethical quandary of how to work with the government without bolstering or appeasing it.


Premise: What did the later designs of capacitors used in radio tuning circuits no longer have?

Hypothesis: Later designs use polymer foil dielectric between the moving and stationary plates, with no significant air space between them.


Premise: What are some of the every day tasks that a manager of a team has to deal with?

Hypothesis: i.e. more than 12 weeks – the amount of time an unqualified caretaker manager is allowed to take control).


Premise: To the Romans who was the most powerful of the gods?

Hypothesis: The Hellenization of Latin literature and culture supplied literary and artistic models for reinterpreting Roman deities in light of the Greek Olympians, and promoted a sense that the two cultures had a shared heritage.


Premise: Which university is in Tucson?

Hypothesis: Tucson is the second-largest populated city in Arizona behind Phoenix, both of which anchor the Arizona Sun Corridor.


Premise: What target does the Barcelona donation to UNICEF match?

Hypothesis: The agreement had the club donate €1.5 million per year to UNICEF (0.7 percent of its ordinary income, equal to the UN International Aid Target, cf.


Premise: What is the firm who reported that the traditional banking system does not have capital to close the gap as of June 2009?

Hypothesis: According to the Brookings Institution, the traditional banking system does not have the capital to close this gap as of June 2009: "It would take a number of years of strong profits to generate sufficient capital to support that additional lending volume.


Premise: How high were some of the buildings in urban Germany?

Hypothesis: Streets, boulevards and avenues are homogeneous, surprisingly high (up to seven stories) and broad examples of German urban lay-out and of this architectural style that summons and mixes up five centuries of European architecture as well as Neo-Egyptian, Neo-Greek and Neo-Babylonian styles.


Premise: What is the traditional sport on Tuvalu?

Hypothesis: Ano is a localised version of volleyball, in which the two hard balls made from pandanus leaves are volleyed at great speed with the team members trying to stop the Ano hitting the ground.


Premise: Who staged the coup d'etat?

Hypothesis: On the evening of 12 April 2012, members of the country's military staged a coup d'état and arrested the interim president and a leading presidential candidate.


Premise: Where are many of the wealthy neighborhoods located?

Hypothesis: Interlomas, which are also the city's most important areas of class A office space, corporate headquarters, skyscrapers and shopping malls.


Premise: What was the name of the human chain?

Hypothesis: All three nations had similar experiences of occupation and similar aspirations for regaining independence.


Premise: When was the first Population and Housing Census in Namibia?

Hypothesis: The data collection method is to count every person resident in Namibia on the census reference night, wherever they happen to be.


Premise: Who was the president of Notre Dame in 2012?

Hypothesis: The university president, John Jenkins, described his hope that Notre Dame would become "one of the pre–eminent research institutions in the world" in his inaugural address.


Premise: Who is credited for first introducing elements of Jazz into a cappella?

Hypothesis: In the 1950s several recording groups, notably The Hi-Los and the Four Freshmen, introduced complex jazz harmonies to a cappella performances.


Premise: Montevideo is the chief port of what area?

Hypothesis: The city is also the financial and cultural hub of a larger metropolitan area, with a population of around 2 million.


Premise: Musical forms for dance began to standardize during what era?

Hypothesis: Social dancing became more widespread, so musical forms appropriate to accompanying dance began to standardize.


Premise: Where did the famous incident involving the German pocket battleship take place in?

Hypothesis: During World War II, a famous incident involving the German pocket battleship Admiral Graf Spee took place in Punta del Este, 200 kilometers (120 mi) from Montevideo.


Premise: How were the 8 banners recognized?

Hypothesis: There were eight banners in all, differentiated by color.


Premise: What does the word "bushi" mean?

Hypothesis: Gradually, the provincial upper class was transformed into a new military elite based on the ideals of the bushi (warrior) or samurai (literally, one who serves).


Premise: Which interface did Famicom use?

Hypothesis: Adapters, similar in design to the popular accessory Game Genie, are available that allow Famicom games to be played on an NES.


Premise: When was the USB 2.0 High-Speed Inter-Chip adopted as the standard by the USB Implementers Forum

Hypothesis: USB 2.0 High-Speed Inter-Chip (HSIC) is a chip-to-chip variant of USB 2.0 that eliminates the conventional analog transceivers found in normal USB.


Premise: When did the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period of China take place?

Hypothesis: During the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period of China (907–960), while the fractured political realm of China saw no threat in a Tibet which was in just as much political disarray, there was little in the way of Sino-Tibetan relations.


Premise: What was the purpose of these fires?

Hypothesis: The hope was that, if it could deceive German bombardiers, it would draw more bombers away from the real target.


Premise: In what year did Notre Dame football begin?

Hypothesis: With the long history, Notre Dame has accumulated many rivals, and its annual game against USC for the Jeweled Shillelagh has been named by some as one of the most important in college football and is often called the greatest intersectional rivalry in college football in the country.


Premise: When did a huge deficit and rising inflation place pressure on Estonia's currency?

Hypothesis: In 2007, however, a large current account deficit and rising inflation put pressure on Estonia's currency, which was pegged to the Euro, highlighting the need for growth in export-generating industries.


Premise: When the third tiere was added on, what is it in form of?

Hypothesis: Later, a third tier was added in the form of Panchayats and Municipalities.


Premise: What year did Dahabhiil acquire the majority of Somtal network?

Hypothesis: In 2008, Dahabshiil Group acquired a majority stake in Somtel Network, a Hargeisa-based telecommunications firm specialising in high speed broadband, mobile internet, LTE services, mobile money transfer and mobile phone services.


Premise: What is Seattle's gay pride parade called?

Hypothesis: All are typically attended by 100,000 people annually, as are the Seattle Hempfest and two separate Independence Day celebrations.


Premise: What are Islamic schools also known as?

Hypothesis: Later interpretations of Avicenna's philosophy split into three different schools; those (such as al-Tusi) who continued to apply his philosophy as a system to interpret later political events and scientific advances; those (such as al-Razi) who considered Avicenna's theological works in isolation from his wider philosophical concerns; and those (such as al-Ghazali) who selectively used parts of his philosophy to support their own attempts to gain greater spiritual insights through a variety of mystical means.


Premise: In what year was Octavian first allowed to use the names Augustus and Princeps?

Hypothesis: Octavian was granted a series of special powers including sole "imperium" within the city of Rome, permanent consular powers and credit for every Roman military victory, since all future generals were assumed to be acting under his command.


Premise: What was the horizontal slippage in the Beichuan Fault at the epicenter?

Hypothesis: This earthquake ruptured at least two imbricate structures in Longmen Shan Fault System, i.e. the Beichuan Fault and the Guanxian–Anxian Fault.


Premise: What can electrification of modern trains effect?

Hypothesis: Newly electrified lines often show a "sparks effect", whereby electrification in passenger rail systems leads to significant jumps in patronage / revenue.


Premise: When did the Buerau take over and begin to expant the ATC system?

Hypothesis: As commercial flying increased, the Bureau encouraged a group of airlines to establish the first three centers for providing air traffic control (ATC) along the airways.


Premise: Who was the author of the short story "The Theologians"?

Hypothesis: Perhaps due to the many modern negative connotations associated with the term heretic, such as the Spanish inquisition, the term is used less often today.


Premise: Who is in charge of the the Armenian military?

Hypothesis: The Ministry of Defence is in charge of political leadership, currently headed by Colonel General Seyran Ohanyan, while military command remains in the hands of the General Staff, headed by the Chief of Staff, who is currently Colonel General Yuri Khatchaturov.


Premise: Who backed the South African government which caused the case to be dropped?

Hypothesis: This was unaffordable for most South African citizens, and so the South African government committed to providing ARVs at prices closer to what people could afford.


Premise: What liberal arts type colleges are in Cork?

Hypothesis: Other 3rd level institutions include Griffith College Cork, a private institution, and various other colleges.


Premise: Was Texas a primarily a Spanish speaking state?

Hypothesis: Per the 1850 U.S. census, fewer than 16,000 Texans were of Mexican descent, and nearly all were Spanish-speaking people (both Mexicans and non-Spanish European settlers who include German Texan) who were outnumbered (six-to-one) by English-speaking settlers (both Americans and other immigrant Europeans).[citation needed]


Premise: Who won the last election at Reichstag?

Hypothesis: At the last Reichstag election in Strasbourg and its periphery, the clear winners were the Social Democrats; the city was the administrative capital of the region, was inhabited by many Germans appointed by the central government in Berlin and its flourishing economy attracted many Germans.


Premise: How many are non-printing control characters?

Hypothesis: The characters encoded are numbers 0 to 9, lowercase letters a to z, uppercase letters A to Z, basic punctuation symbols, control codes that originated with Teletype machines, and a space.


Premise: Who has pressured the government to cancel the reception?

Hypothesis: The apparent difference in attitude between the government and the general public increased Nasser's determination to topple the monarchy.


Premise: What can skew due to hubs add?

Hypothesis: This extra bit can also result in a "bit stuff violation" if the six bits before it in the CRC are 1s.


Premise: Which person  was the most influential in beginning the movement with is three dimensional forms?

Hypothesis: A retrospective of Cézanne's paintings had been held at the Salon d'Automne of 1904, current works were displayed at the 1905 and 1906 Salon d'Automne, followed by two commemorative retrospectives after his death in 1907.


Premise: What virulence factors do some bacterial species have?

Hypothesis: While release of vesicles has been demonstrated as a general response to stress conditions, the process of loading cargo proteins seems to be selective.


Premise: What happened when Victoria's Uncle George IV died?

Hypothesis: At birth, Victoria was fifth in the line of succession after her father and his three older brothers: the Prince Regent, the Duke of York, and the Duke of Clarence (later William IV).


Premise: What post did Lord Chatfield hold until 1940?

Hypothesis: As rearmament became a concern during the 1930s, Stanley Baldwin created the position of Minister for Coordination of Defence.


Premise: Who led the American Idol band after Rickey Minor's departure?

Hypothesis: From season four to season nine, the American Idol band was led by Rickey Minor; from season ten onwards, Ray Chew.


Premise: Who was the Foreign Secretary of Russell's ministry?

Hypothesis: It was only in 1851 that Palmerston was removed after he announced the British government's approval of President Louis-Napoleon Bonaparte's coup in France without consulting the Prime Minister.


Premise: Along with LeDoux, who was a notable neurological brain researcher?

Hypothesis: Paul D. MacLean claims that emotion competes with even more instinctive responses, on one hand, and the more abstract reasoning, on the other hand.


Premise: What is the Spanish word for Mexico City?

Hypothesis: As an "alpha" global city, Mexico City is one of the most important financial centers in the Americas.


Premise: Why has Palermo's population declined from 2001 to 2010?

Hypothesis: The reason for Palermo's decline is a population flight to the suburbs, and to Northern Italy.


Premise: How many people live in the area of London?

Hypothesis: The largest urban area by far is the Greater London Urban Area with 9 million inhabitants.


Premise: How many people were reported missing or deceased due to the natural disaster of 2007 ?

Hypothesis: It was the worst natural disaster in Burmese history with reports of an estimated 200,000 people dead or missing, and damage totalled to 10 billion US Dollars, and as many as 1 million left homeless.


Premise: What was a crime in the eighteenth century that could cause severe punishment but was mostly ignored?

Hypothesis: Sodomy was a crime that was often ignored, but sometimes punished severely (see sodomy law).


Premise: Along with Freddie Jackson, Johnny Gill, Teena Marie, Lalah Hathaway, Toni Braxton, and En Vogue, what artist is popular on quiet storm stations?

Hypothesis: The music that is played is strictly ballads and slow jams, mostly but not limited to Black and Latino artists.


Premise: It appears that otters may be returning to the city of London after how long an absence?

Hypothesis: A dead otter was found at The Highway, in Wapping, about a mile from the Tower Bridge, which would suggest that they have begun to move back after being absent a hundred years from the city.


Premise: When did the Democrats take the city?

Hypothesis: It is now one of the most Democratic in the country; in 2008, Democrat Barack Obama drew 83% of the city's vote.


Premise: In which direction does the River Thames run through the City of London?

Hypothesis: Modern London stands on the Thames, its primary geographical feature, a navigable river which crosses the city from the south-west to the east.


Premise: How did the USGS rate the earthquake?

Hypothesis: The map of earthquake intensity published by CEA after surveying 500,000 km2 of the affected area shows a maximum liedu of XI on the China Seismic Intensity Scale (CSIS), described as "very destructive" on the European Macroseismic Scale (EMS) from which CSIS drew reference.


Premise: Who captured him during World War I?

Hypothesis: Drafted into military service, he distinguished himself, becoming the youngest Sergeant Major in the Austro-Hungarian Army of that time.


Premise: How many passengers did the airport service in 2013?

Hypothesis: The airport is connected by a 29-kilometre (18 mi) highway directly to the city center, and is also linked to various intercity highways, making it accessible to the passengers from the surrounding cities.


Premise: What follows the watershed from the Mediterranean Sea to the Wienerwald?

Hypothesis: The secondary chain of the Alps follows the watershed from the Mediterranean Sea to the Wienerwald, passing over many of the highest and most well-known peaks in the Alps.


Premise: Who resisted the Nazi idea of uniting all Germans from the get go?

Hypothesis: The Swiss resisted the idea.


Premise: What fraction of the population lives on Majuro or Ebeye?

Hypothesis: About one-half of the nation's population lives on Majuro, the capital, and Ebeye, a densely populated island.


Premise: What was used to power the plants engine?

Hypothesis: Although the outbreak of World War I and the discovery of cheap oil in the 1930s discouraged the advancement of solar energy, Shuman’s vision and basic design were resurrected in the 1970s with a new wave of interest in solar thermal energy.


Premise: Who where the ruling class after the revolutionary republic was created?

Hypothesis: The new ruling class was Protestant and British, whilst the common people were largely Catholic and Irish.


Premise: What are organisms called that digest food in an internal chamber?

Hypothesis: Animals have several characteristics that set them apart from other living things.


Premise: What apparitions reportedly took place in 1917?

Hypothesis: Tourist hotspots in Portugal are Lisbon, Algarve, Madeira, Porto and the city of Coimbra, also, between 4-5 million religious pilgrims visit Fátima each year, where apparitions of the Blessed Virgin Mary to three shepherd children reportedly took place in 1917.


Premise: In what year did the U.S. Congress afford Connecticut the deed to the site at Fort Hale in New Haven?

Hypothesis: The United States Congress deeded the site to the state in 1921, and all three versions of the fort have been restored.


Premise: What is an integral part of the Alpine economy?

Hypothesis: With over 120 million visitors a year tourism is integral to the Alpine economy with much it coming from winter sports although summer visitors are an important component of the tourism industry.


Premise: Which Duchamp presentation was displayed in the 1912 Salon des Independants?

Hypothesis: The subsequent 1912 Salon des Indépendants was marked by the presentation of Marcel Duchamp's Nude Descending a Staircase, No. 2, which itself caused a scandal, even amongst the Cubists.


Premise: How deep is the fault?

Hypothesis: In a United States Geological Survey (USGS) study, preliminary rupture models of the earthquake indicated displacement of up to 9 meters along a fault approximately 240 km long by 20 km deep.


Premise: What was Whitehead's belief about God in relation to religion?

Hypothesis: Rather than springing primarily from religious faith, Whitehead saw God as necessary for his metaphysical system.


Premise: In which neighborhood does La Salle Street run?

Hypothesis: -73.9575 La Salle Street is a street in West Harlem that runs just two blocks between Amsterdam Avenue and Claremont Avenue.


Premise: What was the budget of the film Love Actually?

Hypothesis: Actually (an $40 million-budgeted film that eventually grossed $246 million worldwide).


Premise: What does NAA stand for?

Hypothesis: In May 1990, the New Armenian Army (NAA) was established, serving as a defence force separate from the Soviet Red Army.


Premise: How many Prussian soldiers were captured at the battles of Jena and Auerstedt?

Hypothesis: In a vaunted pursuit that epitomized the "peak of Napoleonic warfare," according to historian Richard Brooks, the French managed to capture 140,000 soldiers, over 2,000 cannons and hundreds of ammunition wagons, all in a single month.


Premise: In what year were Isabel I and Ferdinand II married?

Hypothesis: Portugal had during the 15th century – particularly under Henry the Navigator – gradually explored the coast of Africa, and in 1498, Vasco da Gama found the sea route to India.


Premise: On which date did the Genocide Convention become effective?

Hypothesis: The Convention came into force as international law on 12 January 1951 after the minimum 20 countries became parties.


Premise: What state is Alpine in?

Hypothesis: The Hudson River separates the Bronx on the west from Alpine, Tenafly and Englewood Cliffs in Bergen County, New Jersey; the Harlem River separates it from the island of Manhattan to the southwest; the East River separates it from Queens to the southeast; and to the east, Long Island Sound separates it from Nassau County in western Long Island.


Premise: Where did Sony offer the 60 GB model with an open pricing scheme?

Hypothesis: Also, the launch price of the Japanese 20 GB model was reduced by over 20%, and the 60 GB model was announced for an open pricing scheme in Japan.


Premise: John James Audubon later lent his name to which group?

Hypothesis: The relationship between an albatross and a sailor is the central theme of Samuel Taylor Coleridge's The Rime of the Ancient Mariner, which led to the use of the term as a metaphor for a 'burden'.


Premise: WHo could nullify all the proceedings of a given sejm?

Hypothesis: Each szlachcic had enormous influence over the country's politics, in some ways even greater than that enjoyed by the citizens of modern democratic countries.


Premise: What can be worn in cold winter weather?

Hypothesis: Approved parkas are authorized for winter wear in cold climates and a light casual jacket is also authorized for cooler days.


Premise: What year did the eighth season of American Idol first air?

Hypothesis: Mike Darnell, the president of alternative programming for Fox, stated that the season would focus more on the contestants' personal life.


Premise: Who wrote the poem titled "Oda a Platko"?

Hypothesis: As a reprisal, the ground was closed for six months and Gamper was forced to relinquish the presidency of the club.


Premise: In what year did San Diego become part of the United States?

Hypothesis: Historically home to the Kumeyaay people, San Diego was the first site visited by Europeans on what is now the West Coast of the United States.


Premise: What is one of Boccaccio's works that helped promote the Italian language?

Hypothesis: The application of the vernacular did not entail a rejection of Latin, and both Dante and Boccaccio wrote prolifically in Latin as well as Italian, as would Petrarch later (whose Canzoniere also promoted the vernacular and whose contents are considered the first modern lyric poems).


Premise: What term is used to refer to Christains by author Shabbir Akhtar?

Hypothesis: O People of the Book!


Premise: Karen Armstrong has said that we can be confident who existed?

Hypothesis: [but] we can be reasonably confident Siddhatta Gotama did indeed exist and that his disciples preserved the memory of his life and teachings as well as they could."[dubious – discuss]


Premise: When did Eisenhower's funeral train arrive in Abilene, Kansas?

Hypothesis: His body arrived on April 2, and was interred later that day in a small chapel on the grounds of the Eisenhower Presidential Library.


Premise: Whithout rotor windings, how must a Hammond clock be started?

Hypothesis: The clock requires manual starting by a small knob on the back, while the older Hammond organs had an auxiliary starting motor connected by a spring-loaded manually operated switch.


Premise: At which intersection does W 122nd Street end?

Hypothesis: East of Amsterdam, Seminary Row bends south along Morningside Park and is resigned as Morningside Drive (Ninth Avenue).


Premise: Who voted to have a committee investigate the mismanagement during the war?

Hypothesis: However, war fever among the public in both the UK and France had been whipped up by the press in both countries to the degree that politicians found it untenable to propose ending the war at this point.


Premise: Where did Patrick Henry deliver his memorable speech?

Hypothesis: Other historical points of interest include St. John's Church, the site of Patrick Henry's famous "Give me liberty or give me death" speech, and the Edgar Allan Poe Museum, features many of his writings and other artifacts of his life, particularly when he lived in the city as a child, a student, and a successful writer.


Premise: "The East" refers to what?

Hypothesis: Throughout this article Norman uses "Near East" to mean the countries where "the eastern question" applied; that is, to all of the Balkans.


Premise: When was the last time the Chicago Cubs appeared in the Fall Classic?

Hypothesis: The Chicago Cubs have not won a World Series championship since 1908, and have not appeared in the Fall Classic since 1945, although between their postseason appearance in 1984 and their most recent in 2015, they have made the postseason seven times.


Premise: In what city was the funeral and burial for Donda West held?

Hypothesis: The funeral and burial for Donda West was held in Oklahoma City on November 20, 2007.


Premise: What form are atoms in Vaisesika?

Hypothesis: Whatever human beings perceive is composite, while atoms are invisible.


Premise: At what battle were the Bourbons victorious?

Hypothesis: The Bourbon forces burned important cities like Xativa, where pictures of the Spanish Bourbons in public places are hung upside down as a protest to this day.


Premise: What have been crossed for war and commerce?

Hypothesis: The Alps have been crossed for war and commerce, and by pilgrims, students and tourists.


Premise: What year was Kievan Rus became a territory?

Hypothesis: Kievan Rus' reached its greatest extent under Yaroslav I (1019–1054); his sons assembled and issued its first written legal code, the Rus' Justice, shortly after his death.


Premise: What indicated the proper direction and angle of descent?

Hypothesis: The first lighting used on an airport was during the latter part of the 1920s; in the 1930s approach lighting came into use.


Premise: By 2015 what was Seattle's population?

Hypothesis: With an estimated 662,400 residents as of 2015[update], Seattle is the largest city in both the state of Washington and the Pacific Northwest region of North America.


Premise: Who was awarded first prize in the all-Arab oud contest in Egypt in 2003?

Hypothesis: The Jerusalem Academy of Music and Dance has an advanced degree program, headed by Taiseer Elias, in Arabic music.[citation needed]


Premise: Which organization claims that private sector employers believe having a diverse workplace is beneficial?

Hypothesis: According to the U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, many private sector employers have concluded that a diverse workforce makes a "company stronger, more profitable, and a better place to work."


Premise: In 1994, how many Cardinals were Italian?

Hypothesis: the number was reduced to one third.


Premise: What is Google helping NARA with?

Hypothesis: A joint venture with Google will digitize and offer NARA video online.


Premise: How much did each school have to pay as punishment for price-sharing?

Hypothesis: However, Jean Scott, the head of the Independent Schools Council, said that independent schools had always been exempt from anti-cartel rules applied to business, were following a long-established procedure in sharing the information with each other, and that they were unaware of the change to the law (on which they had not been consulted).


Premise: What was the youngest age of a child working in a factory?

Hypothesis: The Victorian era in particular became notorious for the conditions under which children were employed.


Premise: Where was the epicenter?

Hypothesis: The epicenter was in Wenchuan County, Ngawa Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture, 80 km west/northwest of the provincial capital of Chengdu, with its main tremor occurring at 14:28:01.42 China Standard Time (06:28:01.42 UTC), on May 12, 2008 lasting for around 2 minutes, in the quake almost 80% of buildings were destroyed.


Premise: What is the main goal aside from reducing the amount of data required to store the audio?

Hypothesis: An MP3 file can also be constructed at higher or lower bit rates, with higher or lower resulting quality.


Premise: What type of films did Joe Pasternak produce in Germany?

Hypothesis: The success of the film led Universal to offer her a contract, which for the first five years of her career produced her most successful pictures.


Premise: Who opposed the poll tax?

Hypothesis: This change to the way local government is funded was vociferously supported by the newspaper, despite widespread opposition, (some from Conservative MPs), which is seen as having contributed to Thatcher's own downfall.


Premise: What internet services were decreased in the area?

Hypothesis: Immediately after the earthquake event, mobile and terrestrial telecommunications were cut to the affected and surrounding area, with all internet capabilities cut to the Sichuan area too.


Premise: Where was Hayek when he died?

Hypothesis: In 1991, US President George H. W. Bush awarded Hayek the Presidential Medal of Freedom, one of the two highest civilian awards in the United States, for a "lifetime of looking beyond the horizon".


Premise: What kind of guns started attracting attention?

Hypothesis: But the challenges of faster moving airplanes were recognised.


Premise: Which book did Feynman decline to be listed in?

Hypothesis: He asked to not be included in Tina Levitan's The Laureates: Jewish Winners of the Nobel Prize, writing, "To select, for approbation the peculiar elements that come from some supposedly Jewish heredity is to open the door to all kinds of nonsense on racial theory," and adding "... at thirteen I was not only converted to other religious views, but I also stopped believing that the Jewish people are in any way 'the chosen people'."


Premise: Does Myanmar offer any destinations  that might be good for outside enthusiasts ?

Hypothesis: The most popular available tourist destinations in Myanmar include big cities such as Yangon and Mandalay; religious sites in Mon State, Pindaya, Bago and Hpa-An; nature trails in Inle Lake, Kengtung, Putao, Pyin Oo Lwin; ancient cities such as Bagan and Mrauk-U; as well as beaches in Nabule, Ngapali, Ngwe-Saung, Mergui.


Premise: What is the southern edge of Tucson's downtown?

Hypothesis: Downtown is generally regarded as the area bordered by 17th Street to the south, I-10 to the west, and 6th Street to the north, and Toole Avenue and the Union Pacific (formerly Southern Pacific) railroad tracks, site of the historic train depot and "Locomotive #1673", built in 1900.


Premise: Goddard collected mainly what type of Buddhist scripture?

Hypothesis: Other such efforts have persisted to present day, but currently there is no single text that represents all Buddhist traditions.


Premise: How much did actor Jackie Chan donate?

Hypothesis: In June, Hong Kong actor Jackie Chan, who donated $1.57 million to the victims, made a music video alongside other artists entitled "Promise"; the song was composed by Andy Lau.


Premise: What sound standard is supported for the marketplace videos?

Hypothesis: Downloaded files use 5.1 surround audio and are encoded using VC-1 for video at 720p, with a bitrate of 6.8 Mbit/s.


Premise: Whose worldview contrasts with that of idealists in the ordinary sense of the word?

Hypothesis: In the arts, similarly, idealism affirms imagination and attempts to realize a mental conception of beauty, a standard of perfection, juxtaposed to aesthetic naturalism and realism.


Premise: What covers the remaining 377 square miles?

Hypothesis: The population density normally reported for Oklahoma City using the area of its city limits can be a bit misleading.


Premise: What was the USB Battery Charging Specification Revision 1.1 called?

Hypothesis: Contrary to the standard downstream port, for which current draw by a connected portable device can exceed 100 mA only after digital negotiation with the host or hub, a charging port can supply currents between 500 mA and 1.5 A without the digital negotiation.


Premise: What is the term for the stretch of history during which people rmember and practice the teachings of the earliest known buddha?

Hypothesis: This belief therefore maintains that many Buddha eras have started and ended throughout the course of human existence.[web 15][web 16]


Premise: Where did Seminole Indians raid

Hypothesis: Seminole Indians based in East Florida began raiding Georgia settlements, and offering havens for runaway slaves.


Premise: What percentage of employees belonged to a trade union in 2004?

Hypothesis: Around 3.8 million people work in Switzerland; about 25% of employees belonged to a trade union in 2004.


Premise: What technique is used to prevent unintentional decrease in signal?

Hypothesis: Impedance matching between antennas and transmission lines is commonly handled through the use of a balun, although other solutions are also used in certain roles.


Premise: How many non profit organizations are members of the Medical Center?

Hypothesis: All 49 member institutions of the Texas Medical Center are non-profit organizations.


Premise: What belief system did the native Estonians try to remove?

Hypothesis: On St. George's Night (Estonian: Jüriöö ülestõus) 23 April 1343, the indigenous Estonian population in the Duchy of Estonia, the Bishopric of Ösel-Wiek and the insular territories of the State of the Teutonic Order tried to rid themselves of the Danish and German rulers and landlords, who had conquered the country in the 13th century during the Livonian crusade, and to eradicate the non-indigenous Christian religion.


Premise: When did this precipitating event take place?

Hypothesis: The lead up to the war began with the Iraqi invasion of Kuwait in August 1990 which was met with immediate economic sanctions by the United Nations against Iraq.


Premise: What kind of citizenship do the citizens of Saint Helena hold?

Hypothesis: See also British nationality law.


Premise: What was the place Chopin was invited to as a friend of ruler's son?

Hypothesis: During this period, Fryderyk was sometimes invited to the Belweder Palace as playmate to the son of the ruler of Russian Poland, Grand Duke Constantine; he played the piano for the Duke and composed a march for him.


Premise: What are the days of working in Israel?

Hypothesis: Several proposals have been raised to adjust the work week with the majority of the world, and make Sunday a non-working day, while extending working time of other days or replacing Friday with Sunday as a work day.


Premise: How many master's programs does BYU have?

Hypothesis: The university is broadly organized into 11 colleges or schools at its main Provo campus, with certain colleges and divisions defining their own admission standards.


Premise: What percentage of the sequencing did the Washington University Medical School contribute to the Human Genome Project?

Hypothesis: Washington University and its Medical School play a large part in the Human Genome Project, where it contributes approximately 25% of the finished sequence.


Premise: Where is the divinity herself purified?

Hypothesis: Afterwards the car, the vestments, and, if you like to believe it, the divinity herself, are purified in a secret lake."


Premise: Christ and which other Christian figure were often painted red in medieval painting?

Hypothesis: In Western Europe, Emperor Charlemagne painted his palace red as a very visible symbol of his authority, and wore red shoes at his coronation.


Premise: Who was the leader at the end of the Mexican Revolution?

Hypothesis: Plutarco Elias Calles replaced Obregón and culminated the Mexican Revolution.


Premise: Who were the protesters remembering?

Hypothesis: The authorities did not crack down on demonstrators, which encouraged more and larger demonstrations throughout the Baltic States.


Premise: Who was Wilhelm I?

Hypothesis: The German Empire ("Second Reich") was created in 1871 following the proclamation of Wilhelm I as head of a union of German-speaking states, while disregarding millions of its non-German subjects who desired self-determination from German rule.


Premise: What is difficult to do with a USB plug?

Hypothesis: By design, it is difficult to insert a USB plug into its receptacle incorrectly.


Premise: Which of Hayek's works did Friedman once teach?

Hypothesis: The "informal" economics presented in Milton Friedman's massively influential popular work Free to Choose (1980), is explicitly Hayekian in its account of the price system as a system for transmitting and co-ordinating knowledge.


Premise: What year was the Republic of Ireland formed?

Hypothesis: In 1950 he ceased to be King of India when it became a republic within the Commonwealth of Nations, but he remained King of Pakistan until his death and India recognised his new title of Head of the Commonwealth.


Premise: What was the benefit of Windows 8.1 with Bing?

Hypothesis: Some media outlets falsely reported that the SKU associated with this plan, "Windows 8.1 with Bing", was a variant which would be a free or low-cost version of Windows 8 for consumers using older versions of Windows.


Premise: What ship design contained a flat-bottomed hull?

Hypothesis: Moreover, Han ships were the first in the world to be steered using a rudder at the stern, in contrast to the simpler steering oar used for riverine transport, allowing them to sail on the high seas.


Premise: What race was typically ascribed the most desirable features?

Hypothesis: But the scientific classification of phenotypic variation was frequently coupled with racist ideas about innate predispositions of different groups, always attributing the most desirable features to the White, European race and arranging the other races along a continuum of progressively undesirable attributes.


Premise: What is the tallest building in Uptown Houston?

Hypothesis: The tallest building in Uptown is the 64-floor, 901-foot (275 m)-tall, Philip Johnson and John Burgee designed landmark Williams Tower (known as the Transco Tower until 1999).


Premise: Who owns the majority of pre-1950 Paramount sound releases?

Hypothesis: Columbia's film output is owned by Sony (through Sony Pictures Television); distribution of 20th Century Fox's film library is handled for television by its 21st Century Fox subsidiary 20th Television, and the Walt Disney Studios (owned by The Walt Disney Company) has its library film output handled for television by Disney-ABC Domestic Television.


Premise: What breed of chicken is named after a town in Java ?

Hypothesis: A bantam is a small variety of domestic chicken, either a miniature version of a member of a standard breed, or a "true bantam" with no larger counterpart.


Premise: The abhidharma texts do not contain treatises, but what?

Hypothesis: These Abhidharma texts do not contain systematic philosophical treatises, but summaries or numerical lists.


Premise: What admiral was the USS Lexington under?

Hypothesis: The carrier USS Lexington under Admiral Fletcher joined USS Yorktown and an American-Australian task force to stop the Japanese advance.


Premise: Polish nation ruled by what dynasty?

Hypothesis: The prior social structure was one of Polish tribes united into the historic Polish nation under a state ruled by the Piast dynasty, this dynasty appearing circa 850 A.D.


Premise: What time period was the Korean farm site dated?

Hypothesis: No remains of an agricultural field from the Neolithic period have been found in any East Asian country before, the institute said, adding that the discovery reveals that the history of agricultural cultivation at least began during the period on the Korean Peninsula".


Premise: Is the division rate of the TB bacterium fast or slow relative to other bacteria?

Hypothesis: In nature, the bacterium can grow only within the cells of a host organism, but M. tuberculosis can be cultured in the laboratory.


Premise: How long has Firestone tire and rubber company ran a rubber plantation in Liberia?

Hypothesis: Especially palm oil companies like Sime Darby (Malaysia) and Golden Veroleum (USA) are being accused by critics of the destruction of livelihoods and the displacement of local communities, enabled through government concessions.


Premise: Who was the president of Notre Dame in 1934?

Hypothesis: Holy Cross Father John Francis O'Hara was elected vice-president in 1933 and president of Notre Dame in 1934.


Premise: Which one of Gregory Peck's relatives was named after Harper Lee?

Hypothesis: Peck met Lee's father, the model for Atticus, before the filming.


Premise: What was the first country to make Christianity its official religion?

Hypothesis: The Arsacid Kingdom of Armenia, itself a branch of the Arsacid dynasty of Parthia, was the first state to adopt Christianity as its religion (it had formerly been adherent to Armenian paganism, which was influenced by Zoroastrianism, while later on adopting a few elements regarding identification of its pantheon with Greco-Roman deities).


Premise: What was done on the 150th anniversary of the publication of On the Origin of Species?

Hypothesis: Worldwide commemorations of the 150th anniversary of the publication of


Premise: What position did Aung San hold in the Burmese government?

Hypothesis: In 1947, Aung San became Deputy Chairman of the Executive Council of Myanmar, a transitional government.


Premise: What position did Lamb formerly hold at the Mirror?

Hypothesis: Murdoch found he had such a rapport with Larry Lamb over lunch that other potential recruits as editor were not interviewed and Lamb was appointed as the first editor of the new Sun.


Premise: What genre of music did Lynda Thomas, Ricky Martin, Selena, Marc Anthony, Enrique Iglesias and Luis Miguel make?

Hypothesis: Latin pop artists such as Lynda Thomas, Ricky Martin, Marc Anthony, Selena, Enrique Iglesias and Luis Miguel also enjoyed success in the AC charts.


Premise: How much money did Victoria donate to famine relief?

Hypothesis: She personally donated £2,000 to famine relief, more than any other individual donor, and also supported the Maynooth Grant to a Roman Catholic seminary in Ireland, despite Protestant opposition.


Premise: What sports complex was shuttered in New Haven by the DeStefano administration in 2002?

Hypothesis: When John DeStefano, Jr., became mayor of New Haven in 1995, he outlined a plan to transform the city into a major cultural and arts center in the Northeast, which involved investments in programs and projects other than sports franchises.


Premise: Who owned W3XE?

Hypothesis: Today, as in many large metropolitan areas, each of the commercial networks has an affiliate, and call letters have been replaced by corporate IDs:


Premise: Early 20th century states began to have a responsiblity to take care of whom?

Hypothesis: Governments and reformers argued that labour in factories must be regulated and the state had an obligation to provide welfare for poor.


Premise: What types of script was used to write Sanskrit in the northwest part of Indai?

Hypothesis: Roughly contemporary with the Brahmi, Kharosthi was used in the northwest of the subcontinent.


Premise: Which phrase was coined by George Augustus Henry Sala during a visit to Melbourne in 1885?

Hypothesis: During a visit in 1885 English journalist George Augustus Henry Sala coined the phrase "Marvellous Melbourne", which stuck long into the twentieth century and is still used today by Melburnians.


Premise: When did Roman Catholic Jesuits and Capuchins arrive in Tibet from Europe?

Hypothesis: Roman Catholic Jesuits and Capuchins arrived from Europe in the 17th and 18th centuries.


Premise: What Tech company is based in Detroit?

Hypothesis: A number of the city's downtown employers are relatively new, as there has been a marked trend of companies moving from satellite suburbs around Metropolitan Detroit into the downtown core.[citation needed]


Premise: Who is Hai Gaon thought to be referring to when he says Ashkenaz?

Hypothesis: In the first half of the 11th century, Hai Gaon refers to questions that had been addressed to him from Ashkenaz, by which he undoubtedly means Germany.


Premise: When did electric street lights replace the gas operated lights?

Hypothesis: The new building of the School of Arts and Trades, as well as Zabala Square in Ciudad Vieja were inaugurated in 1890, followed by the Italian Hospital in 1891.


Premise: Who wrote 'Treatise Concerning the Principles of Human Knowledge'?

Hypothesis: In response to Locke, he put forth in his Treatise Concerning the Principles of Human Knowledge (1710) an important challenge to empiricism in which things only exist either as a result of their being perceived, or by virtue of the fact that they are an entity doing the perceiving.


Premise: What Bostom Am radio station is a sports and talk station?

Hypothesis: Several major AM stations include talk radio WRKO, sports/talk station WEEI, and CBS Radio WBZ.


Premise: Whose marriage led to the construction of Narayanhity?

Hypothesis: It was built on the occasion of the marriage of King Birenda Bir Bikram Shah, then heir apparent to the throne.


Premise: What species colonizes the mammalian colon?

Hypothesis: An example of the former is the anaerobic bacteria species, which colonizes the mammalian colon, and an example of the latter is various species of staphylococcus that exist on human skin.


Premise: What kind of plants are common on Saint Helena?

Hypothesis: St Helena has long been known for its high proportion of endemic birds and vascular plants.


Premise: When did Burke's father die?

Hypothesis: His mother Mary née Nagle (c. 1702 – 1770) was a Roman Catholic who hailed from a déclassé County Cork family (and a cousin of Nano Nagle), whereas his father, a successful solicitor, Richard (died 1761), was a member of the Church of Ireland; it remains unclear whether this is the same Richard Burke who converted from Catholicism.


Premise: What kind of device is the iPod?

Hypothesis: There are three current versions of the iPod: the ultra-compact iPod Shuffle, the compact iPod Nano and the touchscreen iPod Touch.


Premise: When did a mediation process begin between Filner and a city representative?

Hypothesis: Over the ensuing six weeks, 18 women came forward to publicly claim that Filner had sexually harassed them, and multiple individuals and groups called for him to resign.


Premise: The 10 billion logical data records are linked to how many artifacts?

Hypothesis: Archival descriptions of the permanent holdings of the federal government in the custody of NARA are stored in Archival Research Catalog (ARC).


Premise: Where did Kerry go to college?

Hypothesis: He appeared in the Fulbright Hearings before the Senate Committee on Foreign Affairs where he deemed United States war policy in Vietnam to be the cause of war crimes.


Premise: What comprises a major category in the world art collection?

Hypothesis: Visual arts by indigenous peoples of the Americas comprise a major category in the world art collection.


Premise: What organization does the FBI prosecute violations of the United States Civil Rights Act with?

Hypothesis: The FBI is also charged with the responsibility of enforcing compliance of the United States Civil Rights Act of 1964 and investigating violations of the act in addition to prosecuting such violations with the United States Department of Justice (DOJ).


Premise: What was the name of the group that once utilized West Rock as a hideout, known colloquially as "The Three Judges?"

Hypothesis: West Rock has been tunneled through to make way for the east-west passage of the Wilbur Cross Parkway (the only highway tunnel through a natural obstacle in Connecticut), and once served as the hideout of the "Regicides" (see: Regicides Trail).


Premise: How high can compression rates go?

Hypothesis: Compression rates of up to 1:500 can be achieved.


Premise: What symbolism has played an important role in shaping the history of Switzerland?

Hypothesis: Folk art is kept alive in organisations all over the country.


Premise: Where is the UNESCO World Heritage Site?

Hypothesis: Bern is ranked among the world’s top ten cities for the best quality of life (2010).


Premise: Who discerned three components in the prehistory of Apollo worship?

Hypothesis: Walter Burkert discerned three components in the prehistory of Apollo worship, which he termed "a Dorian-northwest Greek component, a Cretan-Minoan component, and a Syro-Hittite component."


Premise: What were the followers of Jan Hus called?

Hypothesis: The teachings of the Czech priest Jan Hus were based on those of John Wycliffe, yet his followers, the Hussites, were to have a much greater political impact than the Lollards.


Premise: Which street in NYC today is now named after Juan Rodriguez?

Hypothesis: The first non-Native American inhabitant of what would eventually become New York City was Dominican trader Juan Rodriguez (transliterated to Dutch as Jan Rodrigues).


Premise: Why did Whitehead think people continued to subscribe to materialistic thinking?

Hypothesis: Whitehead pointed to the limitations of language as one of the main culprits in maintaining a materialistic way of thinking, and acknowledged that it may be difficult to ever wholly move past such ideas in everyday speech.


Premise: What replaced the UB 2?

Hypothesis: Height finders were also increasing in size, in Britain, the World War I Barr & Stroud UB 2 (7 feet optical base) was replaced by the UB 7 (9 feet optical base) and the UB 10 (18 feet optical base, only used on static AA sites).


Premise: What types of movements are associated with federalism?

Hypothesis: The meaning of federalism, as a political movement, and of what constitutes a 'federalist', varies with country and historical context.[citation needed]


Premise: What model did Kanye begin to date in 2008?

Hypothesis: West began an on-and-off relationship with designer Alexis Phifer in 2002, and they became engaged in August 2006.


Premise: What pigment color is natural to copper?

Hypothesis: Architectural copper and its alloys can also be 'finished' to embark a particular look, feel, and/or color.


Premise: In what scenario are capacitors used for power factor correction?

Hypothesis: Individual motor or lamp loads may have capacitors for power factor correction, or larger sets of capacitors (usually with automatic switching devices) may be installed at a load center within a building or in a large utility substation.


Premise: Where is a sizeable and rapidly growing Orthodox community currently located besides New York State?

Hypothesis: Although sizable Orthodox Jewish communities are located throughout the United States, many American Orthodox Jews live in New York State, particularly in the New York City Metropolitan Area.


Premise: What narrative technique does Lee use to combine the adult's perspective with the child's observations??

Hypothesis: Lee combines the narrator's voice of a child observing her surroundings with a grown woman's reflecting on her childhood, using the ambiguity of this voice combined with the narrative technique of flashback to play intricately with perspectives.


Premise: Along with universities, the construction of what educational buildings are sometimes the focus of Islamic fundraising?

Hypothesis: In the Somali diaspora, multiple Islamic fundraising events are held every year in cities like Birmingham, London, Toronto and Minneapolis, where Somali scholars and professionals give lectures and answer questions from the audience.


Premise: What were the Tanguts able to do in only decades that took the Chinese centuries?

Hypothesis: In Asia, the spread of Buddhism led to large-scale ongoing translation efforts spanning well over a thousand years.


Premise: Engineering design drawings typically utiilze which case of letter in labeling?

Hypothesis: Engineering design drawings are typically labelled entirely in upper-case letters, which are easier to distinguish than lowercase, especially when space restrictions require that the lettering be small.


Premise: How many players does each side field in an American football game?

Hypothesis: On the field at the beginning of a play are two teams of 12 (unlike 11 in American football).


Premise: How did the schoolboys stop Maclean?

Hypothesis: Victoria was outraged when he was found not guilty by reason of insanity, but was so pleased by the many expressions of loyalty after the attack that she said it was "worth being shot at—to see how much one is loved".


Premise: After Osama Bin Laden's death, what single did Beyonce cover?

Hypothesis: In April 2011, Beyoncé joined forces with US First Lady Michelle Obama and the National Association of Broadcasters Education Foundation, to help boost the latter's campaign against child obesity by reworking her single "Get Me Bodied".


Premise: The Cainhoy Incident occurred on what day?

Hypothesis: Violent incidents took place in Charleston on King Street in September 6 and in nearby Cainhoy on October 15, both in association with political meetings before the 1876 election.


Premise: What year was the building finished?

Hypothesis: The building was not completed until around 1090 but was consecrated on 28 December 1065, only a week before Edward's death on 5 January 1066.


Premise: To stop the Vikings from raiding, what did the Galicians build as a defense system?

Hypothesis: The Towers of Catoira (Pontevedra) were built as a system of fortifications to prevent and stop the Viking raids on Santiago de Compostela.


Premise: What integers are included in modulo p?

Hypothesis: For any prime number p, there is also the multiplicative group of integers modulo


Premise: Which street is the northernmost of the streets mapped in the Commissioner's Plan of 1811?

Hypothesis: 155th Street is a major crosstown street considered to form the boundary between Harlem and Washington Heights.


Premise: What is the standard display resolution of the NES?

Hypothesis: The standard display resolution of the NES is 256 horizontal pixels by 240 vertical pixels.


Premise: The mandolin was reported to be popular among what sex?

Hypothesis: There are also reports that the mandolin was mostly a woman's musical instrument.


Premise: In what year was the Centre Georges Pompidou erected?

Hypothesis: Valéry Giscard d'Estaing began the Musée d'Orsay (1986); President François Mitterrand, in power for 14 years, built the Opéra Bastille (1985-1989), the Bibliothèque nationale de France (1996), the Arche de la Défense (1985-1989), and the Louvre Pyramid with its underground courtyard (1983-1989); Jacques Chirac (2006), the Musée du quai Branly.


Premise: Who offers dietary advice on the role of nutrition in chronic diseases?

Hypothesis: Certified Clinical Nutritionists or CCNs, are trained health professionals who also offer dietary advice on the role of nutrition in chronic disease, including possible prevention or remediation by addressing nutritional deficiencies before resorting to drugs.


Premise: The relay route was a little over how many kilometers?

Hypothesis: The relay covered just over 10 km, and included Bangkok's Chinatown.


Premise: From where did Paul VI conduct mass on the day of his death?

Hypothesis: After communion, the pope suffered a massive heart attack, after which he continued to live for three hours.


Premise: What will have the character's pronunciation in pinyin?

Hypothesis: Most modern Chinese dictionaries and Chinese dictionaries sold to English speakers use the traditional radical-based character index in a section at the front, while the main body of the dictionary arranges the main character entries alphabetically according to their pinyin spelling.


Premise: In which year would Julius Caesar hope to be elected to the position of consul?

Hypothesis: Thus, when Julius Caesar returned from a governorship in Spain in 61 BC, he found it easy to make an arrangement with Pompey.


Premise: How are different forms of agreements treated under international law compared to treaties?

Hypothesis: A treaty is an agreement under international law entered into by actors in international law, namely sovereign states and international organizations.


Premise: What does the US Navy's responsibilities include?

Hypothesis: Prior to 1947, the responsibility for military aviation was shared between the Army (for land-based operations), the Navy (for sea-based operations from aircraft carriers and amphibious aircraft), and the Marine Corps (for close air support of infantry operations).


Premise: In what state are copies of the Quran sometime wrapped in cloth and buried?

Hypothesis: Based on tradition and a literal interpretation of Quran 56:79 ("none shall touch but those who are clean"), some Muslims believe that they must perform a ritual cleansing with water before touching a copy of the Quran, although this view is not universal.


Premise: A vulture is what type of bird?

Hypothesis: Kleptoparasitism is thought to be a supplement to food obtained by hunting, rather than a significant part of any species' diet; a study of great frigatebirds stealing from masked boobies estimated that the frigatebirds stole at most 40% of their food and on average stole only 5%.


Premise: The failure of the agreement lead to what?

Hypothesis: The failure of the agreement led rapidly to the First Barons' War.


Premise: What country was the second largest source of foreign-born New Yorkers in 2011?

Hypothesis: The ten largest sources of foreign-born individuals in the city as of 2011 were the Dominican Republic, China, Mexico, Guyana, Jamaica, Ecuador, Haiti, India, Russia, and Trinidad and Tobago, while the Bangladeshi immigrant population has since become one of the fastest growing in the city, counting over 74,000 by 2013.


Premise: where is house music extremely popular?

Hypothesis: House music proved to be a commercially successful genre and a more mainstream pop-based variation grew increasingly popular.


Premise: As of 2013, who was the Marshall Islands Minister of Foreign Affairs?

Hypothesis: Following the 2013 emergencies, the Minister of Foreign Affairs Tony de Brum was encouraged by the Obama administration in the United States to turn the crises into an opportunity to promote action against climate change.


Premise: What 2 Unitary authorities were established in april 1996

Hypothesis: The ceremonial county of Somerset consists of a two-tier non-metropolitan county, which is administered by Somerset County Council and five district councils, and two unitary authority areas (whose councils combine the functions of a county and a district).


Premise: What direction is the economic heart of Zhejiang moving toward?

Hypothesis: The economic heart of Zhejiang is moving from North Zhejiang, centered on Hangzhou, southeastward to the region centered on Wenzhou and Taizhou.


Premise: Who purchased the 13th century mosaic from the the San Cipriano Church?

Hypothesis: The apse of the San Cipriano Church in Murano was decorated with an impressive golden mosaic from the early 13th century showing Christ enthroned with Mary, St John and the two patron saints, Cipriano and Cipriana.


Premise: When did Confederate forces bombard Fort Sumter?

Hypothesis: On April 12, 1861, forces of the South (known as the Confederate States of America or simply the Confederacy) opened fire on Fort Sumter, whose garrison was loyal to the Union.


Premise: How man troops did the Russians have when they attacked Silistra ?

Hypothesis: By April 1854, the Russians had reached the lines of Trajan's Wall where they were finally halted.


Premise: How long before Hastings's trial had Britain been dealing with Indian unrest?

Hypothesis: For two decades prior to the impeachment, Parliament had dealt with the Indian issue.


Premise: How many consecutive years did American Idol been ranked number one in ratings?

Hypothesis: For an unprecedented eight consecutive years, from the 2003–04 television season through the 2010–11 season, either its performance or result show had been ranked number one in U.S. television ratings.


Premise: What is the average amount of time men serve as missionaries?

Hypothesis: (Men typically serve for two-years, while women serve for 18 months.)


Premise: Who wrote a biography of Buddha?

Hypothesis: According to author Michael Carrithers, while there are good reasons to doubt the traditional account, "the outline of the life must be true: birth, maturity, renunciation, search, awakening and liberation, teaching, death."


Premise: What did Arabic, and to a less extent Persian, become to Europeans?

Hypothesis: Arabic and, to a lesser degree, Persian became important sources of material and perhaps of techniques for revitalized Western traditions, which in time would overtake the Islamic and oriental traditions.


Premise: What month sees the end of the wet season in Miami?

Hypothesis: The wet season begins some time in May, ending in mid-October.


Premise: Who carried out bombings throughout Paris between 1961 and 1962?

Hypothesis: The anti-independence Organisation de l'armée secrète (OAS), for their part, carried out a series of bombings in Paris throughout 1961 and 1962.


Premise: What do some birds use for auditory communication?

Hypothesis: Some birds also use mechanical sounds for auditory communication.


Premise: The base served as the center for the resistance against whose invasion?

Hypothesis: The first cannon fired hit a bell in the tower of the church, instantly breaking it in half; soon after, 200 men of the imperial army forces surrendered.


Premise: Drugs made between which years had to be tested before going to market?

Hypothesis: Manufacturers henceforth had to prove to FDA that their drugs were effective as well as safe before they could go on the US market.


Premise: What led to exclusively female bodies of Freemasons in England?

Hypothesis: Having failed to achieve acceptance from any masonic governing body, she and Georges Martin started a mixed masonic lodge that actually worked masonic ritual.


Premise: How much did the US prices deflate in the 1930s?

Hypothesis: Over the very long run, the prior gold standard kept prices stable—for instance, the price level and the value of the U.S. dollar in 1914 was not very different from the price level in the 1880s.


Premise: Where is the Museo Naval located?

Hypothesis: The Museo del Automóvil, belonging to the Automobile Club of Uruguay, has a rich collection of vintage cars which includes a 1910 Hupmobile.


Premise: How many Mayanga people are in Nicaragua?

Hypothesis: Another major group is the Mayangna (or Sumu) people, counting some 10,000 people.