Premise: How much of China's titanium is houses in Sichuan?

Hypothesis: The Panxi region alone possesses 13.3% of the reserves of iron, 93% of titanium, 69% of vanadium, and 83% of the cobalt of the whole country.


Premise: In 2014, which three Tennessee counties took in the most money from tourism?

Hypothesis: Each county in Tennessee saw at least $1 million from tourism while 19 counties received at least $100 million (Davidson, Shelby, and Sevier counties were the top three).


Premise: Who led Israel in the 1990s?

Hypothesis: The proposed state included the entirety of the Gaza Strip and over 90% of the West Bank with Jerusalem as a shared capital, although some argue that the plan was to annex areas which would lead to a cantonization of the West Bank into three blocs, which the Palestinian delegation likened to South African "bantustans", a loaded word that was disputed by the Israeli and American negotiators.


Premise: Which universal encyclopedia began publication in 1751 and was composed of 35 volumes and over 71,000 seperate entries?

Hypothesis: The most well-known of these works is Denis Diderot and Jean le Rond d'Alembert's Encyclopédie, ou dictionnaire raisonné des sciences, des arts et des métiers.


Premise: What element makes up about 6% of the chemical composition of wood?

Hypothesis: Wood also contains sulfur, chlorine, silicon, phosphorus, and other elements in small quantity.


Premise: Where did most Chinese men enter the US?

Hypothesis: Chinese men entered the United States as laborers, primarily on the West Coast and in western territories.


Premise: What will some wrestlers do to take advantage of the countout?

Hypothesis: Playing into this, some wrestlers will "milk" the count by sliding in the ring, and immediately sliding back out.


Premise: How big is Mexico City's GDP?

Hypothesis: The Greater Mexico City has a gross domestic product (GDP) of US$411 billion in 2011, making Mexico City urban agglomeration one of the economically largest metropolitan areas in the world.


Premise: What did the Air Force believe they could avoid if they carried out effective day missions?

Hypothesis: The difficulty RAF bombers had navigating in darkness, led the British to believe German bombers would suffer the same problems and would be unable to reach and identify their targets.


Premise: When is the Houston Pride Parade held?

Hypothesis: Other annual events include the Houston Greek Festival, Art Car Parade, the Houston Auto Show, the Houston International Festival, and the Bayou City Art Festival, which is considered to be one of the top five art festivals in the United States.


Premise: Pig iron is composed of iron and what else?

Hypothesis: Pig iron, a very hard but brittle alloy of iron and carbon, was being produced in China as early as 1200 BC, but did not arrive in Europe until the Middle Ages.


Premise: What does research indicate may affect risk-taking behavior throughout the lifespan?

Hypothesis: Some have argued that there may be evolutionary benefits to an increased propensity for risk-taking in adolescence.


Premise: Who did Sprague work for early in his career?

Hypothesis: Other Sprague electric inventions about this time greatly improved grid electric distribution (prior work done while employed by Thomas Edison), allowed power from electric motors to be returned to the electric grid, provided for electric distribution to trolleys via overhead wires and the trolley pole, and provided controls systems for electric operations.


Premise: Marvel's first team of superheroes was known by what alliterative name?

Hypothesis: Modern Marvel's first superhero team, the titular stars of The Fantastic Four #1 (Nov. 1961), broke convention with other comic book archetypes of the time by squabbling, holding grudges both deep and petty, and eschewing anonymity or secret identities in favor of celebrity status.


Premise: What is the main geographical landmark in London?

Hypothesis: Modern London stands on the Thames, its primary geographical feature, a navigable river which crosses the city from the south-west to the east.


Premise: In what year did Tucson get the least rain?

Hypothesis: The most snow received in one year was 8.3 in (21 cm) and the most snow in one month was 6.8 in (17 cm) in December 1971.


Premise: Why are high-index glasses valued?

Hypothesis: This may be modified by adding low-density materials such as boron, which lowers the index of refraction (see crown glass), or increased (to as much as 1.8) with high-density materials such as (classically) lead oxide (see flint glass and lead glass), or in modern uses, less toxic oxides of zirconium, titanium, or barium.


Premise: What was the HMS Prince carrying when it sunk?

Hypothesis: On 14 November a storm sank thirty allied transport ships including HMS Prince which was carrying a cargo of winter clothing.:435 The storm and heavy traffic caused the road from the coast to the troops to disintegrate into a quagmire, requiring engineers to devote most of their time to its repair including quarrying stone.


Premise: Two government ministers resigned over Tito's visit to what region?

Hypothesis: In Chile, two government ministers resigned over his visit to that country.


Premise: What does the CIE stand for?

Hypothesis: The International Commission on Illumination (CIE) is an international authority and standard defining organization on color and lighting.


Premise: How many cities did the LEAA study before reaching their conclusion?

Hypothesis: However, the LEAA did not filter out other factors, and it examined only two cities and found crime reductions only in one and only in some crime categories; the DOT decided it was "impossible to conclude with any confidence that comparable benefits would be found nationwide".


Premise: Who provided the majority of the money needed to secure the site of the University of Kansas?

Hypothesis: The philanthropist Amos Adams Lawrence donated $10,000 of the necessary endowment fund, and the citizens of Lawrence raised the remaining cash by issuing notes backed by Governor Carney.


Premise: Which enlightened despot was so over-enthusiastic that revolts broke out and nearly all of his programs were reversed?

Hypothesis: Joseph was over-enthusiastic, announcing so many reforms that had so little support that revolts broke out and his regime became a comedy of errors and nearly all his programs were reversed.


Premise: What was Simpson's pen-name?

Hypothesis: Bertram Lenox Simpson, a colonial officer killed eventually in China, uses the terms together in his 1910 book, The Conflict of Color, as "the Near and Middle East."


Premise: What size is the most durable from the point of designed insertion lifetime?

Hypothesis: Micro connectors were designed with frequent charging of portable devices in mind; not only is design lifetime of the connector improved to 10,000 cycles, but it was also redesigned to place the flexible contacts, which wear out sooner, on the easily replaced cable, while the more durable rigid contacts are located in the micro-USB receptacles.


Premise: Who did Victoria appoint to replace Gladstone?

Hypothesis: In 1894, Gladstone retired and, without consulting the outgoing prime minister, Victoria appointed Lord Rosebery as prime minister.


Premise: What percentage of the Florida population in 2010 was Hispanic

Hypothesis: As of 2010, those of Hispanic or Latino ancestry ancestry accounted for 22.5% (4,223,806) of Florida's population.


Premise: What was Noriega's government accused of being?

Hypothesis: Later the U.S. invaded Panama and captured Noriega.


Premise: How many Canadian Forces bases are there in Canada?

Hypothesis: Canada's Armed forces operate out of 27 Canadian Forces bases (CFB) across the country, including NDHQ.


Premise: In what type of climate do hunter-gatherers live?

Hypothesis: In the resulting competition for land use, hunter-gatherer societies either adopted these practices or moved to other areas.


Premise: IBM employees created a magazine in 1935, what was its name?

Hypothesis: In 1946, the company hired its first black salesman, 18 years before the Civil Rights Act of 1964.


Premise: What was the name of the area north of New Haven changed to in 1678?

Hypothesis: At the time, the New Haven Colony was separate from the Connecticut Colony, which had been established to the north centering on Hartford.


Premise: What state uses as a motto a passage from the Bible?

Hypothesis: In God We Trust" has been challenged as a violation, but the Supreme Court has ruled that ceremonial deism is not religious in nature.


Premise: What language forms a dialect continuum with Czech?

Hypothesis: Czech and Slovak form a dialect continuum, with great similarity between neighboring Czech and Slovak dialects.


Premise: CBC was eclusive carrier of what other sport during the 2004-2005 season?

Hypothesis: On June 15, 2006, the CCA announced that TSN would obtain exclusive rights to curling broadcasts in Canada as of the 2008-09 season, shutting the CBC out of the championship weekend for the first time in 40-plus years.


Premise: What jurisdictions does this system not apply to?

Hypothesis: In jurisdictions using a common law system, the doctrine of stare decisis applies, whereby the principles applied by the supreme court in its decisions are binding upon all lower courts; this is intended to apply a uniform interpretation and implementation of the law.


Premise: which party dominates most of the rest of florida

Hypothesis: Republicans, made up mostly of white conservatives, have dominated throughout much of the rest of Florida, particularly in the more rural and suburban areas.


Premise: Who are the most well-known wrestling bears?

Hypothesis: Perhaps the most famous wrestling bears are Ginger, Victor, Hercules and Terrible Ted.


Premise: Who was the Chinese ambassador to the U.K.?

Hypothesis: The Daily Telegraph published an opinion piece by the Chinese ambassador to the United Kingdom, Fu Ying, who accused Western media of "demonising" China during their coverage of the torch relays.


Premise: In what year did the New Zealand governor-general last personally grant the royal assent in parliament?

Hypothesis: In Australia, the formal ceremony of granting assent in parliament has not been regularly used since the early 20th century.


Premise: Along with art, how was religious instruction commonly received in the late 6th century?

Hypothesis: By the 6th century, Gregory of Tours (d. 594) had a similar dream, but instead of being chastised for reading Cicero, he was chastised for learning shorthand.


Premise: What is Kerry's 2nd wife's nationality?

Hypothesis: Early the following year, Senator Heinz was killed in a plane crash near Lower Merion.


Premise: When did the second ruler of North Korea pass away?

Hypothesis: Due to North Korea's strict isolationism, accurate reports about hanja use in North Korea are hard to obtain.


Premise: What is the average thickness of an Antartican glacier?

Hypothesis: Continental glaciers cover nearly 13,000,000 km2 (5×10^6 sq mi) or about 98 percent of Antarctica's 13,200,000 km2 (5.1×10^6 sq mi), with an average thickness of 2,100 m (7,000 ft).


Premise: Where was the solitary place the relay was held in Africa?

Hypothesis: Dar es Salaam was the torch's only stop in Africa, on April 13.


Premise: Who wrote Gulzar-e-Mahlaqa?

Hypothesis: In 1824, a collection of Urdu Ghazal poetry, named Gulzar-e-Mahlaqa, authored by Mah Laqa Bai—the first female Urdu poet to produce a Diwan—was published in Hyderabad.


Premise: What caused Latin America's right-wing authorities to support coup o'etats?

Hypothesis: This was further fueled by Cuban and United States intervention which led to a political polarization.


Premise: In what month of the year does Richmond's chilliest weather typically end?

Hypothesis: The mountains to the west act as a partial barrier to outbreaks of cold, continental air in winter; Arctic air is delayed long enough to be modified, then further warmed as it subsides in its approach to Richmond.


Premise: What is found at Room 128a of the Victoria & Albert Museum?

Hypothesis: The adjacent Architecture Exhibition Space (Room 128a) is used for temporary displays related to architecture.


Premise: Who led the Allied powers?

Hypothesis: The Allied Powers, led by the British Empire, France, Russia until March 1918, Japan and the United States after 1917, defeated the Central Powers, led by the German Empire, Austro-Hungarian Empire and the Ottoman Empire.


Premise: By the 1830's, how much of all cotton was processed in Lancashire?

Hypothesis: By the 1830s, approximately 85% of all cotton manufactured worldwide was processed in Lancashire.


Premise: What was the 'Treatise on the Police' called in French?

Hypothesis: The German Polizeiwissenschaft (Science of Police) first theorized by Philipp von Hörnigk a 17th-century Austrian Political economist and civil servant and much more famously by Johann Heinrich Gottlob Justi who produced an important theoretical work known as Cameral science on the formulation of police.


Premise: What is the capital city of the US?

Hypothesis: The United States also has overseas territories with varying levels of independence and organization: in the Caribbean the territories of Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands, and in the Pacific the inhabited territories of Guam, American Samoa, and the Northern Mariana Islands, along with a number of uninhabited island territories.


Premise: In what year did the Ottomans destroy Limassol?

Hypothesis: In 1539 the Ottomans destroyed Limassol and so fearing the worst, the Venetians also fortified Famagusta and Kyrenia.


Premise: What kind of memory skills do dogs have?

Hypothesis: Dogs have advanced memory skills.


Premise: What were the number of French killed and wounded?

Hypothesis: A grand total of 20,163 German troops were killed, wounded or missing in action during the August 18 battle.


Premise: Who claimed the San Diego Bay area for Spain in 1542?

Hypothesis: The Presidio and Mission San Diego de Alcalá, founded in 1769, formed the first European settlement in what is now California.


Premise: Who still gives salmon to the abbey today?

Hypothesis: This seems to be quoted to justify the gifts of salmon from Thames fishermen that the abbey received in later years.


Premise: What is the oxidation state for zinc?

Hypothesis: Zinc is the 24th most abundant element in Earth's crust and has five stable isotopes.


Premise: How much revenue did iPod sales account for in Q4 2008?

Hypothesis: On October 21, 2008, Apple reported that only 14.21% of total revenue for fiscal quarter 4 of year 2008 came from iPods.


Premise: What sort of people did the Bonus March consist of?

Hypothesis: Although he was against the actions taken against the veterans and strongly advised MacArthur against taking a public role in it, he later wrote the Army's official incident report, endorsing MacArthur's conduct.


Premise: How many people attended Broadway shows during the 2013-2014 season?

Hypothesis: Forty of the city's theaters, with more than 500 seats each, are collectively known as Broadway, after the major thoroughfare that crosses the Times Square Theater District, sometimes referred to as "The Great White Way".


Premise: Along with Egyptians, Algerians and Somalis, what people commonly possess the M1 haplogroup?

Hypothesis: This mitochondrial clade is common among Ethiopians and North Africans, particularly Egyptians and Algerians.


Premise: Where was the street named after Tito that was found unconstitutional located?

Hypothesis: On 4 October 2011, the Slovenian Constitutional Court found a 2009 naming of a street in Ljubljana after Tito to be unconstitutional.


Premise: On a state level the city is part of which district number?

Hypothesis: In the Michigan House of Representatives, representation is split between the 55th district (northern Ann Arbor, part of Ann Arbor Township, and other surrounding areas, represented by Democrat Adam Zemke), the 53rd district (most of downtown and the southern half of the city, represented by Democrat Jeff Irwin) and the 52nd district (southwestern areas outside Ann Arbor proper and western Washtenaw County, represented by Democrat Gretchen Driskell).


Premise: What was the result of the economic transition after the German reunification in 1990?

Hypothesis: Like most other regions of central and southern Germany, Thuringia has a significant industrial sector reaching back to the mid-19th-century industrialisation.


Premise: In what city was the first Presbytery formed?

Hypothesis: Presbyterianism first officially arrived in Colonial America in 1703 with the establishment of the first Presbytery in Philadelphia.


Premise: Who was the London Weekend Television's managing director?

Hypothesis: The managing director of London Weekend Television (LWT), Greg Dyke, met with the representatives of the "big five" football clubs in England in 1990.


Premise: Northern Greece gets how many visitors?

Hypothesis: Northern Greece is the country's most-visited geographical region, with 6.5 million tourists, while Central Greece is second with 6.3 million.


Premise: How many singers are typically in the choirs?

Hypothesis: The choirs typically range from 40 to 80 singers and are recognized for their efforts to perfect blend, intonation, phrasing and pitch in a large choral setting.


Premise: What measurement is deemed most important to redefine in terms of physical constants?

Hypothesis: The most urgent unit on the list for redefinition is the kilogram, whose value has been fixed for all science (since 1889) by the mass of a small cylinder of platinum–iridium alloy kept in a vault just outside Paris.


Premise: In what year did Garfield's go bankrupt?

Hypothesis: Baltimore had four major department stores: Hutzler's was the prestige leader, followed by Hecht's, Hochschild's and Stewart's.


Premise: What month did France sue for peace?

Hypothesis: Finally, on 26 June, four days after France sued for an armistice with the Third Reich, the Soviet Union issued an ultimatum demanding Bessarabia and, unexpectedly, Northern Bukovina from Romania.


Premise: What purpose did Eton Dorney have to the London Olympic games?

Hypothesis: In the run-up to the London 2012 Summer Olympic Games and London 2012 Summer Paralympic Games, Eton's purpose-built Dorney Lake, a permanent, eight-lane, 2,200 metre course (about 1.4 miles) in a 400-acre park, officially known throughout the Games as Eton Dorney, provided training facilities for Olympic and Paralympic competitors, and during the Games, hosted the Olympic and Paralympic Rowing competitions as well as the Olympic Canoe Sprint event, attracting over 400,000 visitors during the Games period (around 30,000 per day), and voted the best 2012 Olympic venue by spectators.


Premise: Baptist churches are widely considered to be what?

Hypothesis: Baptists are individuals who comprise a group of Christian denominations and churches that subscribe to a doctrine that baptism should be performed only for professing believers (believer's baptism, as opposed to infant baptism), and that it must be done by complete immersion (as opposed to affusion or sprinkling).


Premise: What could you also call Rome's Campus Maritus?

Hypothesis: Later, the Campus became Rome's track and field playground.


Premise: Where did the Taliban regroup in 2002?

Hypothesis: The Taliban regrouped in western Pakistan and began to unleash an insurgent-style offensive against Coalition forces in late 2002.


Premise: What does the word Pella mean?

Hypothesis: The connection with Dorians and their initiation festival apellai[clarification needed] is reinforced by the month Apellaios in northwest Greek calendars, but it can explain only the Doric type of the name, which is connected with the Ancient Macedonian word "pella" (Pella), stone.


Premise: When did Madonna open her own entertainment company, Maverick?

Hypothesis: In 1992, Madonna had a role in A League of Their Own as Mae Mordabito, a baseball player on an all-women's team.


Premise: What was Raytheon previously called?

Hypothesis: The City of Tucson, Pima County, the State of Arizona, and the private sector have all made commitments to create a growing, healthy economy[citation needed] with advanced technology industry sectors as its foundation.


Premise: I couldn't could up with another question. But i need to fill this space because I can't submit the hit.

Hypothesis: The major issue with the term Hellenistic lies in its convenience, as the spread of Greek culture was not the generalized phenomenon that the term implies.


Premise: On which anniversary of his Humanae Vitae did Paul VI reconfirm the beliefs set forth by the Humanae Vitae?

Hypothesis: On basic Church teachings, the pope was unwavering.


Premise: What type of supporters did Barcelona  attract?

Hypothesis: Also in the 1960s and 1970s, while FC Barcelona acted as an integrating force for Catalonia's new arrivals from poorer regions of Spain expecting to find a better life, Espanyol drew their support mainly from sectors close to the regime such as policemen, military officers, civil servants and career fascists.


Premise: What comprehensive school was established in Anglesey?

Hypothesis: Another early comprehensive school was Holyhead County School in Anglesey in 1949.


Premise: What prevented Armenia from getting it's commodities?

Hypothesis: The initial post-Soviet years were marred by economic difficulties, which had their roots early in the Karabakh conflict when the Azerbaijani Popular Front managed to pressure the Azerbaijan SSR to instigate a railway and air blockade against Armenia.


Premise: When was the Buddhagohosa written?

Hypothesis: This narrative draws on the Nidānakathā of the Jataka tales of the Theravada, which is ascribed to Buddhaghoṣa in the 5th century CE.


Premise: What was the estimated population of the whooping crane in 1941?

Hypothesis: The whooping crane population by 1941 was estimated at about only 16 birds still in the wild.


Premise: Which word in the phrase "het jaar des Heren" is a weak noun with a genitive ending added?

Hypothesis: In such lexicalized expressions remnants of strong and weak nouns can be found too, e.g. in het jaar des Heren (Anno Domini), where "-en" is actually the genitive ending of the weak noun.


Premise: Which work by Henry Timberlake made the current spelling of Tennessee widely popular?

Hypothesis: The modern spelling, Tennessee, is attributed to James Glen, the governor of South Carolina, who used this spelling in his official correspondence during the 1750s.


Premise: who was a professor of the University of Washington?

Hypothesis: The late Turrell V. Wylie, a former professor of the University of Washington, and Li Tieh-tseng argue that the reliability of the heavily censored History of Ming as a credible source on Sino-Tibetan relations is questionable, in the light of modern scholarship.


Premise: What was his punishment?

Hypothesis: Athanasius's first problem lay with Meletius of Lycopolis and his followers, who had failed to abide by the First Council of Nicaea.


Premise: In terms of the Communist Party of China, what is "The East is Red?"

Hypothesis: Under Party leader Mao Zedong, the Party anthem became "The East Is Red", and Mao Zedong himself was sometimes referred to as a "red sun".


Premise: How much alcohol was contained in the beer Sink The Bismarck?

Hypothesis: The same company had previously made Sink The Bismarck!, a 41% abv IPA, and Tactical Nuclear Penguin, a 32% abv Imperial stout.


Premise: What investment firm does Schwarzenegger maintain partial ownership of?

Hypothesis: He has talked about some of those who have helped him over the years in business: "I couldn't have learned about business without a parade of teachers guiding me... from Milton Friedman to Donald Trump... and now, Les Wexner and Warren Buffett.


Premise: What was the first object to enter space?

Hypothesis: During the Second World War, General Dornberger was the military head of the army's rocket program, Zanssen became the commandant of the Peenemünde army rocket centre, and von Braun was the technical director of the ballistic missile program.


Premise: What notable Swiss invention won the nobel prize?

Hypothesis: Notable inventions include lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), the scanning tunneling microscope (Nobel prize) and Velcro.


Premise: What is a good reason to have testers and developers separate?

Hypothesis: Because they do not examine the source code, there are situations when a tester writes many test cases to check something that could have been tested by only one test case, or leaves some parts of the program untested.


Premise: What other denominations are there in Raleigh?

Hypothesis: As of 2013, 46.41% of people in Raleigh are affiliated with a religion.


Premise: Who first reduced the power of the municipalities of Mexico City?

Hypothesis: In 1903, Porfirio Díaz largely reduced the powers of the municipalities within the Federal District.


Premise: From where did this school of thought emerge?

Hypothesis: The influence of Terence's felicitous phrase on Roman thinking about human rights can hardly be overestimated.


Premise: IASP's definition of pain includes what aspect as an essential part?

Hypothesis: Although unpleasantness is an essential part of the IASP definition of pain, it is possible to induce a state described as intense pain devoid of unpleasantness in some patients, with morphine injection or psychosurgery.


Premise: What does the USB Battery Charging Specification Revision 1.2 make clear of?

Hypothesis: On the other hand, several changes are made and limits are increasing including allowing 1.5 A on charging downstream ports for unconfigured devices, allowing high speed communication while having a current up to 1.5 A, and allowing a maximum current of 5 A. Also, revision 1.2 removes support for USB ports type detection via resistive detection mechanisms.


Premise: Which tribe resisted fiercely this conquest?

Hypothesis: Around 1528, a group of Spaniard explorers, led by Álvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca, first entered the actual territory of what is now Chihuahua.


Premise: When did Chopin return to Paris?

Hypothesis: At the end of November, Chopin returned to Paris.


Premise: Who wrote 'War and Peace'?

Hypothesis: War and Peace, contain entire paragraphs and even pages in French with no translation given, with an assumption that educated readers would not need one.


Premise: Many scholars confuse identity as a category of practice and what other category?

Hypothesis: Some scholars have introduced the idea of identification, whereby identity is perceived as made up of different components that are 'identified' and interpreted by individuals.


Premise: What day was the city of Seoul captured?

Hypothesis: On 28 June, at 2 am, the South Korean Army blew up the highway bridge across the Han River in an attempt to stop the North Korean army.


Premise: What did the Fliegerkorps X concentrate on?

Hypothesis: Seeschlange would be carried out by Fliegerkorps X (10th Air Corps) which concentrated on mining operations against shipping.


Premise: When was his sister Ancilla diagnosed with stomach cancer?

Hypothesis: His sister Ancilla would soon be diagnosed with stomach cancer in the early 1950s.


Premise: What type of classification system for humans did A.W.F. Edwards argue for?

Hypothesis: In his 2003 paper, "Human Genetic Diversity: Lewontin's Fallacy", A. W. F. Edwards argued that rather than using a locus-by-locus analysis of variation to derive taxonomy, it is possible to construct a human classification system based on characteristic genetic patterns, or clusters inferred from multilocus genetic data.


Premise: Which past U.S. senator had lived in New Haven and graduated from Yale?

Hypothesis: There he met fellow student and later Green Party candidate for Congress Charles Pillsbury, a long-time New Haven resident for whom Trudeau's comic strip is named.


Premise: What agreements were made in the visit to the United States by the Burmese in the 21 century ?

Hypothesis: The two leaders discussed to release more political prisoners, the institutionalisation of political reform and rule of law, and ending ethnic conflict in Myanmar—the two governments agreed to sign a bilateral trade and investment framework agreement on 21 May 2013.


Premise: Houuricanes and tropical stors can produce what across the coastal plain?

Hypothesis: North Carolina averages fewer than 20 tornadoes per year, many of them produced by hurricanes or tropical storms along the coastal plain.


Premise: What time period is referred to as The Late Enlightenment?

Hypothesis: It is important to note that these terms stem from European history.


Premise: What caused the Romans early withdrawl in The First Samnite War?

Hypothesis: The First Samnite War from 343 BC to 341 BC was relatively short: the Romans beat the Samnites in two battles, but were forced to withdraw before they could pursue the conflict further due to the revolt of several of their Latin allies in the Latin War.


Premise: What did the political system eventually evolve into?

Hypothesis: The Polish nobility differed in many respects from the nobility of other countries.


Premise: What animal was found dead at the Highway in Wapping, near the Tower Bridge?

Hypothesis: Ten of England's eighteen species of bats have been recorded in Epping Forest: soprano, nathusius and common pipistrelles, noctule, serotine, barbastelle, daubenton's, brown Long-eared, natterer's and leisler's.


Premise: What makes it difficult to determine if someone is homosexual or not?

Hypothesis: such that one's sexual orientation is not necessarily stable or consistent over time but is subject to change throughout life.


Premise: What pressure influenced the shift in South Africa from the use of European Dutch in the 1920s?

Hypothesis: In 1925, section 137 of the 1909 constitution of the Union of South Africa was amended by Act 8 of 1925, stating "the word Dutch in article 137 [...] is hereby declared to include Afrikaans".


Premise: Did those in attendance at Dean's speech know about the "Dean Scream"?

Hypothesis: However, those who were in the actual audience that day insist that they were not aware of the infamous "scream" until they returned to their hotel rooms and saw it on TV.


Premise: What magazine revealed the details of Schwarzenegger's childhood punishments in 2004?

Hypothesis: In an interview with Fortune in 2004, Schwarzenegger told how he suffered what "would now be called child abuse" at the hands of his father: "My hair was pulled.


Premise: Who was the chairman of the Everton FC in 1892?

Hypothesis: Everton originally played in the southeast corner of Stanley Park, which was the site for the new Liverpool F.C. stadium, with the first official match taking place in 1879.


Premise: The Belgian Suite is located at the bottom of which staircase?

Hypothesis: They are allocated a large suite of rooms known as the Belgian Suite, situated at the foot of the Minister's Staircase, on the ground floor of the north-facing Garden Wing.


Premise: What were the Kazakh ASSR and Kirghiz ASSR renamed per the 1936 Soviet Constitution?

Hypothesis: The Kazakh ASSR and Kirghiz ASSR were transformed into the Kazakh and Kirghiz Soviet Socialist Republics.


Premise: How long have bus tours been available to tourist of Myanmar ?

Hypothesis: According to the website Lonely Planet, getting into Myanmar is problematic: "No bus or train service connects Myanmar with another country, nor can you travel by car or motorcycle across the border – you must walk across.", and states that, "It is not possible for foreigners to go to/from Myanmar by sea or river.


Premise: What percent of polychaetes produce yolk-rich eggs?

Hypothesis: The rest care for the fertilized eggs until they hatch – some by producing jelly-covered masses of eggs which they tend, some by attaching the eggs to their bodies and a few species by keeping the eggs within their bodies until they hatch.


Premise: Name some important commodities that originated in Southeast asian region?

Hypothesis: A wide range of commodities originated in the region, but especially important were spices such as pepper, ginger, cloves, and nutmeg.


Premise: Who abolished slavery in Portugal?

Hypothesis: By 1755, Sebastião de Melo was made Prime Minister.


Premise: What are some international cuisines offered in Mexico City?

Hypothesis: Also available are an array of international cuisines, including Canadian, French, Italian, Croatian, Spanish (including many regional variations), Jewish, Lebanese, Chinese (again with regional variations), Indian, Japanese, Korean, Thai, Vietnamese; and of course fellow Latin American cuisines such as Argentine, Brazilian, and Peruvian.


Premise: What do the Lords Commissioners wear to a ceremony of assent?

Hypothesis: The Lords Commissioners, as the monarch's representatives are known, wear scarlet parliamentary robes and sit on a bench between the throne and the Woolsack.


Premise: What was one example of what users did to combat the blinking problem?

Hypothesis: Users attempted to solve this problem by blowing air onto the cartridge connectors, inserting the cartridge just far enough to get the ZIF to lower, licking the edge connector, slapping the side of the system after inserting a cartridge, shifting the cartridge from side to side after insertion, pushing the ZIF up and down repeatedly, holding the ZIF down lower than it should have been, and cleaning the connectors with alcohol.


Premise: What year was the first HD video conferencing system displayed?

Hypothesis: In May 2005, the first high definition video conferencing systems, produced by LifeSize Communications, were displayed at the Interop trade show in Las Vegas, Nevada, able to provide video at 30 frames per second with a 1280 by 720 display resolution.


Premise: How many miles away from London is Plymouth?

Hypothesis: west-south-west of London, between the mouths of the rivers Plym to the east and Tamar to the west where they join Plymouth Sound to form the boundary with Cornwall.


Premise: What is the name of the small Christian college in Guam?

Hypothesis: UOG is a member of the exclusive group of only 76 U.S. land-grant institutions in the entire United States.


Premise: In what year had the Passion of Christ murals by Rothko end up ruined?

Hypothesis: In 1962 he donated to Harvard University a series of large murals of the Passion of Christ whose predominant colors were dark pink and deep crimson.


Premise: Many FDS disks lack what?

Hypothesis: Many FDS disks have no dust covers (except in some unlicensed and bootleg variants) and are easily prone to getting dirt on the media.


Premise: When did scientists began to arrive en masse to study the geology and ecology of the Alpine region?

Hypothesis: By the mid-19th century scientists began to arrive en masse to study the geology and ecology of the region.


Premise: Due to what concerns is diesel fuel no longer used as a release agent for transporting asphalt?

Hypothesis: Diesel oil is no longer used as a release agent due to environmental concerns.


Premise: Which shock jock urged people to vote for Sanjaya?

Hypothesis: However, on April 18, Sanjaya was voted off.


Premise: What location has a few public wifi spots available to the public?

Hypothesis: ADSL-broadband service is provided with maximum speeds of up to 1536


Premise: When did a mutiny form against Patasse?

Hypothesis: In 1996–1997, reflecting steadily decreasing public confidence in the government's erratic behaviour, three mutinies against Patassé's administration were accompanied by widespread destruction of property and heightened ethnic tension.


Premise: Who said that Kanye West effectively led a new wave of artists that weren't only interested in rapping about gunplay or drug dealing?

Hypothesis: The sales competition between rapper 50 Cent's Curtis and West's Graduation altered the direction of hip hop and helped pave the way for new rappers who did not follow the hardcore-gangster mold.


Premise: What are the two most common types of transistor?

Hypothesis: The two main categories are through-hole (or leaded), and surface-mount, also known as surface-mount device (SMD).


Premise: Beside rare types of meteorites, what other types of meteorites have been found in Antarctica?

Hypothesis: New types of meteorites and rare meteorites have been found.


Premise: What produced a parallel revolution in political thought?

Hypothesis: The industrial revolution produced a parallel revolution in political thought.


Premise: What did David Atherton co-found?

Hypothesis: The conductor David Atherton, co-founder of the London Sinfonietta, was born in Blackpool in 1944.


Premise: In what year did Pfizer's patent over Lipitor expire?

Hypothesis: The best-selling drug ever, Lipitor, averaged $13 billion annually and netted $141 billion total over its lifetime before Pfizer's patent expired in November 2011.


Premise: At most there are how many step of predator-prey interaction?

Hypothesis: The act of predation can be broken down into a maximum of four stages: Detection of prey, attack, capture and finally consumption.


Premise: About how many people live in a square kilometer in Gonggabu VDC?

Hypothesis: Some district subdivisions remain legally villages yet are densely populated, Gonggabu VDC notably recorded a density over 20,000 people/km2.


Premise: What notable defeat was suffered by the Arabs under Hisham?

Hypothesis: The final son of Abd al-Malik to become caliph was Hisham (724–43), whose long and eventful reign was above all marked by the curtailment of military expansion.


Premise: what sometimes prefers a more lenient position on Dietray laws?

Hypothesis: However, the Orthodox claim to absolute fidelity to past tradition has been challenged by scholars who contend that the Judaism of the Middle Ages bore little resemblance to that practiced by today's Orthodox.


Premise: What is the specific moral code for monks and nuns?

Hypothesis: Vinaya is the specific moral code for monks and nuns.


Premise: What is often regarded as the most famous mountain in Switzerland?

Hypothesis: In the southeast the long Engadin Valley, encompassing the St. Moritz area in canton of Graubünden, is also well known; the highest peak in the neighbouring Bernina Alps is Piz Bernina (4,049 m or 13,284 ft).


Premise: Often, how large a part of the structure of a gene is the protein coding sequence?

Hypothesis: The structure of a gene consists of many elements of which the actual protein coding sequence is often only a small part.


Premise: When was the concept of 'education through recreation' changed and expanded?

Hypothesis: The concept of 'education through recreation' was applied to childhood development in the 19th century.


Premise: Who felt persecuted due to the apartheid?

Hypothesis: The government was accused of "deftly manipulat(ing) Arab solidarity" to carry out policies of apartheid and ethnic cleansing.


Premise: What was the general population's common language ?

Hypothesis: Many smaller clans mentioned within early literature seem to have been present across the rest of the subcontinent.


Premise: How did the FBI respond to requests to release information beyond the initial press release?

Hypothesis: The Puerto Rico Justice Department filed suit in federal court against the FBI and the US Attorney General, demanding information crucial to the Commonwealth's own investigation of the incident.


Premise: What particular sect is a patron of this belief ?

Hypothesis: For in that moment when she conceived, she was a holy mother filled with the Holy Spirit and her fruit is a holy pure fruit, at once God and truly man, in one person."


Premise: Israel views East Jerusalem as what?

Hypothesis: The status of East Jerusalem in any future peace settlement has at times been a difficult issue in negotiations between Israeli governments and representatives of the Palestinians, as Israel views it as its sovereign territory, as well as part of its capital.


Premise: Who invaded the countries of Lithuania, Estonia and Latvia?

Hypothesis: The USSR annexed the whole of Lithuania, including the Scheschupe area, which was to be given to Germany.


Premise: When was Jiang Hua's term?

Hypothesis: Tan Zhenlin (term 1949-1952), the inaugural Party Secretary, was one of the leading voices against Mao's Cultural Revolution during the so-called February Countercurrent of 1967.


Premise: How many native German speakers in the world are there?

Hypothesis: Of approximately 100 million native speakers of German in the world, roughly 80 million consider themselves Germans.[citation needed]


Premise: In what year was the crystalline silicon solar cell constructed?

Hypothesis: The first solar cell was constructed by Charles Fritts in the 1880s.


Premise: Which artist created the first known portrait of Frédéric?

Hypothesis: Here his parents continued running their boarding house for male students; the Chopin Family Parlour (Salonik Chopinów) became a museum in the 20th century.


Premise: Which former colonies still have tight monopolies on cotton brokering?

Hypothesis: This is only possible in former British colonies and Mozambique; former French colonies continue to maintain tight monopolies, inherited from their former colonialist masters, on cotton purchases at low fixed prices.


Premise: When did the Kamakura Bakufu Shogunate open?

Hypothesis: After the Genpei war of the late 12th century, a clan leader Minamoto no Yoritomo obtained the right to appoint shugo and jito, and was allowed to organize soldiers and police, and to collect a certain amount of tax.


Premise: Which group do marsupials and placentals belong to?

Hypothesis: Since this ancestor lived in the Jurassic period, Rowe's definition excludes all animals from the earlier Triassic, despite the fact that Triassic fossils in the Haramiyida have been referred to the Mammalia since the mid-19th century.


Premise: Which indigenous group is controversially known for hunting caribou on protected land?

Hypothesis: The Gwich'in people of the northern Interior region are Athabaskan and primarily known today for their dependence on the caribou within the much-contested Arctic National Wildlife Refuge.


Premise: What did the OMB vote to allow on the 2000 census?

Hypothesis: This resulted in a change to the 2000 United States Census, which allowed participants to select more than one of the six available categories, which were, in brief: "White," "Black or African American," "Asian," "American Indian or Alaskan Native," "Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander," and "Other."


Premise: According to the INSEE what is Paris Urban Area population?

Hypothesis: According to INSEE, the Paris Urban Area had a population of 10,550,350 at the January 2012 census, the most populous in the European Union, and third most populous in Europe, behind Istanbul and Moscow.


Premise: Who is Eiji Yoshikawa?

Hypothesis: Eiji Yoshikawa is one of the most famous Japanese historical novelists.


Premise: What is U+UFFE the result of?

Hypothesis: The BOM, code point U+FEFF has the important property of unambiguity on byte reorder, regardless of the Unicode encoding used; U+FFFE (the result of byte-swapping U+FEFF) does not equate to a legal character, and U+FEFF in other places, other than the beginning of text, conveys the zero-width non-break space (a character with no appearance and no effect other than preventing the formation of ligatures).


Premise: On what date was the DualShock three released in Australia?

Hypothesis: At its press conference at the 2007 Tokyo Game Show, Sony announced DualShock 3 (trademarked DUALSHOCK 3), a PlayStation 3 controller with the same function and design as Sixaxis, but with vibration capability included.


Premise: What was Clifford Roberts by profession?

Hypothesis: He had a small, basic golf facility installed at Camp David, and became close friends with the Augusta National Chairman Clifford Roberts, inviting Roberts to stay at the White House on several occasions.


Premise: Where is the setting for To Kill a Mockingbird?

Hypothesis: The children feed one another's imagination with rumors about his appearance and reasons for remaining hidden, and they fantasize about how to get him out of his house.


Premise: Along what area has there been more collapsing ice shelves?

Hypothesis: Melting of floating ice shelves (ice that originated on the land) does not in itself contribute much to sea-level rise (since the ice displaces only its own mass of water).


Premise: When did Obama launch airstrikes on ISIS?

Hypothesis: The Obama administration began to reengage in Iraq with a series of airstrikes aimed at ISIS beginning on 10 August 2014.


Premise: What organization did the new county council share governance of Southampton with?

Hypothesis: After the establishment of Hampshire County Council, following the act in 1888, Southampton became a county borough within the county of Hampshire, which meant that it had many features of a county, but governance was now shared between the Corporation in Southampton and the new county council.


Premise: What goes through a fermentation process to create tongba?

Hypothesis: Drinking and driving is illegal, and authorities have a zero tolerance policy.


Premise: What airport is south of Valencia?

Hypothesis: A new temporary station, Estación de València-Joaquín Sorolla, has been built on land adjacent to this terminus to accommodate high speed AVE trains to and from Madrid, Barcelona, Seville and Alicante.


Premise: Which year did she adopt the name Esther?

Hypothesis: Madonna defended her studies, saying: "It would be less controversial if I joined the Nazi Party", and that her involvement with the Kabbalah is "not hurting anybody".


Premise: What did the Greeks wants to be imparted to their descendants ?

Hypothesis: This led to a strong desire among Greeks to organize the transmission of the Hellenic paideia to the next generation.


Premise: What is notable about the Notre Dame marching band?

Hypothesis: The band, which began in 1846 and has a claim as the oldest university band in continuous existence in the United States, was honored by the National Music Council as a "Landmark of American Music" during the United States Bicentennial.


Premise: Has a Welsh team ever won a competition?

Hypothesis: Cardiff City (the only non-English team to win the tournament, in 1927), Swansea City, Newport County, Wrexham, Merthyr Town and Colwyn Bay.


Premise: What was the name of a new sector of the New York economy that appeared in the 1990s?

Hypothesis: Important new sectors, such as Silicon Alley, emerged in the city's economy.


Premise: What were the favorite forms of entertainment in Southeast Asia?

Hypothesis: Puppetry and shadow plays were also a favoured form of entertainment in past centuries, a famous one being Wayang from Indonesia.


Premise: Where can you find soluble hydrogen?

Hypothesis: Hydrogen is highly soluble in many rare earth and transition metals and is soluble in both nanocrystalline and amorphous metals.


Premise: When did the U.S. Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission report its findings?

Hypothesis: The U.S. Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission reported its findings in January 2011.


Premise: What was IBM's PC DOS marketed as by Microsoft?

Hypothesis: IBM's PC DOS (also marketed as MS-DOS by Microsoft) inherited the convention by virtue of being a clone of CP/M, and Windows inherited it from MS-DOS.


Premise: The Japanese puppet state that occupied Zhejiang was called what?

Hypothesis: During the Second Sino-Japanese War, which led into World War II, much of Zhejiang was occupied by Japan and placed under the control of the Japanese puppet state known as the Reorganized National Government of China.


Premise: What is the name of the most widely used enrichment process?

Hypothesis: The gas centrifuge process, where gaseous uranium hexafluoride (UF_6) is separated by the difference in molecular weight between 235UF6 and 238UF6 using high-speed centrifuges, is the cheapest and leading enrichment process.


Premise: Who tells us that the Sclaveni had swamps and forests for their cities?

Hypothesis: Jordanes tells us that the Sclaveni had swamps and forests for their cities.


Premise: When did he win Ottoman confidence?

Hypothesis: In his later career he became a high official in the Ottoman Empire, working as Governor of Egypt for the Ottoman khedive for the purpose of conducting campaigns against slavers and slavery in Egypt and the Sudan.


Premise: How many bloody noses did Spielberg get in High School?

Hypothesis: Spielberg also said he suffered from acts of anti-Semitic prejudice and bullying: "In high school, I got smacked and kicked around.


Premise: Who assigned the First Battalion of Chihuahua for integration into the army?

Hypothesis: Regaining power, Governor Luis Terrazas assigned the First Battalion of Chihuahua for integration into the national army led by General Jesús González Ortega; the battalion was deployed to Puebla.


Premise: Where was the band Talking Heads based out of?

Hypothesis: A variety of subsequent groups, including New York-based Talking Heads and Boston-based Mission of Burma, combined elements of punk with art school sensibilities.


Premise: Why are many BYU athletes older than other schools' players?

Hypothesis: This has caused minor controversy, but is largely recognized as not lending the school any significant advantage, since players receive no athletic and little physical training during their missions.


Premise: MES-1 uses what scripts only?

Hypothesis: Several subsets of Unicode are standardized: Microsoft Windows since Windows NT 4.0 supports WGL-4 with 652 characters, which is considered to support all contemporary European languages using the Latin, Greek, or Cyrillic script.


Premise: Which Scottish theologian is first credited with using the phrase "rule of law"?

Hypothesis: The concept, if not the phrase, was familiar to ancient philosophers such as Aristotle, who wrote "Law should govern".


Premise: In what year did The Times change its broadsheet format to a compact size?

Hypothesis: The Times began printing headlines in a new font, Times Modern.


Premise: The first American to travel into space was whom?

Hypothesis: Though he did not achieve orbit like Gagarin, he was the first person to exercise manual control over his spacecraft's attitude and retro-rocket firing.


Premise: How many years does a president have in office in St. Barts?

Hypothesis: The island has a president (elected every five years), a unicameral Territorial Council of nineteen members who are elected by popular vote and serve for five-year terms, and an executive council of seven members.


Premise: What is the second principle of Protestantism?

Hypothesis: The second main principle, sola fide (by faith alone), states that faith in Christ is sufficient alone for eternal salvation.


Premise: WHat is the earliest surviving use of the clan name of the polish knights?

Hypothesis: The documentation regarding Raciborz and Albert's tenure is the earliest surviving of the use of the clan name and cry defining the honorable status of Polish knights.


Premise: What are morphemes?

Hypothesis: It is an agglutinative language; in other words, morphemes ("units of meaning") are added together to create words, unlike analytic languages where morphemes are purely added together to create sentences.


Premise: Was every resident listed by name?

Hypothesis: " Only the heads of households were identified by name in the federal census until 1850.


Premise: What organization sought to strip Washington University of its tax-exempt status in the 1940's?

Hypothesis: The process of desegregation at Washington University began in 1947 with the School of Medicine and the School of Social Work.


Premise: What ended up not being supported in the GameCube version of Twilight Princess?

Hypothesis: However, support for the Wii controller did not make it into the GameCube release.


Premise: What was the Western Electric System believed to do?

Hypothesis: The intent of the new Western Electric system was to improve the overall quality of disc recording and playback.


Premise: What does BOM stand for?

Hypothesis: The BOM, code point U+FEFF has the important property of unambiguity on byte reorder, regardless of the Unicode encoding used; U+FFFE (the result of byte-swapping U+FEFF) does not equate to a legal character, and U+FEFF in other places, other than the beginning of text, conveys the zero-width non-break space (a character with no appearance and no effect other than preventing the formation of ligatures).


Premise: Who copied Charles Todd's Monopoly board?

Hypothesis: The misspelling was said to have been introduced by Charles Todd and passed on when his home-made Monopoly board was copied by Charles Darrow and thence Parker Brothers.


Premise: Hoe often do hurricanes hit North Carolina?

Hypothesis: Only Florida and Louisiana are hit by hurricanes more often.


Premise: In what state is the Earth's outer core?

Hypothesis: Uranium is the 51st element in order of abundance in the Earth's crust.


Premise: What was the title of Gertrude Stein's 1906-1908 book?

Hypothesis: Picasso in turn was an important influence on Stein's writing.


Premise: At what time on Earth did Armstrong first step onto the Moon?

Hypothesis: The first humans on the Moon would wait another six hours before they ventured out of their craft.


Premise: What is a QCD?

Hypothesis: (Even if every matter particle could somehow be removed from a volume, it would be impossible to eliminate all the blackbody photons.)


Premise: Schwarzenegger became a millionaire by what age?

Hypothesis: Following his move to the United States, Schwarzenegger became a "prolific goal setter" and would write his objectives at the start of the year on index cards, like starting a mail order business or buying a new car – and succeed in doing so.


Premise: What type of lifestyle was prevalent in Siberia until the European Age of Discovery?

Hypothesis: Peoples that preserved paleolithic hunting-gathering until the recent past include some indigenous peoples of the Amazonas (Aché), some Central and Southern African (San people), some peoples of New Guinea (Fayu), the Mlabri of Thailand and Laos, the Vedda people of Sri Lanka, and a handful of uncontacted peoples.


Premise: Where did the Normans go off to instead of publishing the book?

Hypothesis: Instead the Normans whirled off to New York.


Premise: What is are kind of nuclear force is not time-reversibile?

Hypothesis: For example, certain processes in quantum mechanics, relating to the weak nuclear force, are not time-reversible, keeping in mind that when dealing with quantum mechanics time-reversibility comprises a more complex definition.


Premise: In what film did a parody of the "Win one for the Gipper" speech appear?

Hypothesis: In the film Knute Rockne, All American, Knute Rockne (played by Pat O'Brien) delivers the famous "Win one for the Gipper" speech, at which point the background music swells with the "Notre Dame Victory March".


Premise: What was the first feature film to receive funding  from Eurimages?

Hypothesis: The first was I Sphagi tou Kokora (1992), completed in 1996, Hellados (And the Trains Fly to the Sky, 1995), which is currently in post-production, and Costas Demetriou's O Dromos gia tin Ithaki (The Road to Ithaka, 1997) which premiered in March 2000.


Premise: Who developed the 33 1/3 rpm LP?

Hypothesis: The 33 1⁄3 rpm LP (for "long-play") format was developed by Columbia Records and marketed in June 1948.


Premise: What do Namibian's use as a toilet?

Hypothesis: Many of Namibia's inhabitants have to resort to "flying toilets", plastic bags to defecate which after use are flung into the bush.


Premise: By how much in percent has the population of Detroit declined since 1950?

Hypothesis: Following suburbanization, industrial restructuring, and loss of jobs (as described above), by the 2010 census, the city had less than 40 percent of that number, with just over 700,000 residents.


Premise: What subjects did Ibn Sina mainly write about?

Hypothesis: His writings were concerned with various subjects, most notably philosophy and medicine.


Premise: What percentage did the unemployment rate reach in December, 2009?

Hypothesis: By early December 2009, the unemployment rate had reached 10.2% – a 23-year record high.


Premise: What year did The Times change its name from The Daily Universal Register?

Hypothesis: The Times and The Sunday Times do not share editorial staff, were founded independently and have only had common ownership since 1967.


Premise: What is the largest European ancestry?

Hypothesis: In comparison, the 2010 Census Redistricting Data indicated that the racial makeup of the city was 661,839 (43.4%)


Premise: Who was the pope who headed the Ecumencial Council of Trent in that year?

Hypothesis: In the year 1563 the influential Ecumenical Council of Trent, headed by Pope Pius IV, wrote about the importance of selecting good Cardinals.


Premise: How is public notice given regarding a listing?

Hypothesis: Public notice is given through legal notices in newspapers, and communicated to state and county agencies within the species' area.


Premise: What genre of music does Uffie perform?

Hypothesis: Miami is also considered a "hot spot" for dance music, Freestyle, a style of dance music popular in the 80's and 90's heavily influenced by Electro, hip-hop, and disco.


Premise: In what century did Christian thought begin to be influenced by the scholasticism of Aristotle?

Hypothesis: Christian theologians have held idealist views, often based on Neoplatonism, despite the influence of Aristotelian scholasticism from the 12th century onward.


Premise: What style of architecture did Gothic architecture evolve from?

Hypothesis: It evolved from Romanesque architecture and was succeeded by Renaissance architecture.


Premise: The 360 earned 38 nominations and 12 wins from what organization in 2007?

Hypothesis: The 2007 Game Critics Awards honored the platform with 38 nominations and 12 wins – more than any other platform.


Premise: Who adopted the Total Force Policy?

Hypothesis: The Total Force Policy was adopted by Chief of Staff of the Army General Creighton Abrams in the aftermath of the Vietnam War and involves treating the three components of the army – the Regular Army, the Army National Guard and the Army Reserve as a single force.


Premise: On estimate how many megatonnes of pesticides were used between 2006 and 2007?

Hypothesis: As of 2007, there were more than 1,055 active ingredients registered as pesticides, which yield over 20,000 pesticide products that are marketed in the United States.


Premise: What is another name for roche moutonnee?

Hypothesis: They range in length from less than a meter to several hundred meters long.


Premise: Where did Northwestern University opened an additional campus at in 2008?

Hypothesis: In 2008, the university opened a campus in Education City, Doha, Qatar with programs in journalism and communication.


Premise: Who adopted this practice from Multics?

Hypothesis: Unfortunately, requiring two characters to mark the end of a line introduces unnecessary complexity and questions as to how to interpret each character when encountered alone.


Premise: In what year did the Church of Cyprus organize a referendum?

Hypothesis: In January 1950, the Church of Cyprus organised a referendum under the supervision of clerics and with no Turkish Cypriot participation, where 96% of the participating Greek Cypriots voted in favour of enosis, The Greeks were 80.2% of the total island' s population at the time (census 1946).


Premise: Where did the two authors work together as paleontologist?

Hypothesis: The authors worked together as paleontologists at the American Museum of Natural History, New York.


Premise: When did the United States Patent and Trademark Office grant Foster's patent?

Hypothesis: Foster's application was granted on March 27, 1990.


Premise: Cultural life in Utrecht is second to

Hypothesis: Young musicians are educated in the conservatory, a department of the Utrecht School of the Arts.


Premise: What new military academy was formed in June 1914?

Hypothesis: In June 1914 a new military academy, the Naval Aviation School (Bahriye Tayyare Mektebi) was founded.


Premise: What is the condition that happens in winter in Namibia?

Hypothesis: Weather and climate in the coastal area are dominated by the cold, north-flowing Benguela current of the Atlantic Ocean which accounts for very low precipitation (50 mm per year or less), frequent dense fog, and overall lower temperatures than in the rest of the country.


Premise: What was the fertility rate of women in 2012?

Hypothesis: In 2007, the HIV infection rates stood at 2% of the population aged 15–49


Premise: In what year did apple release the special U2 model of the iPod?

Hypothesis: In 2006 Apple presented a special edition for iPod 5G of Irish rock band U2.


Premise: What position did J. H. Thomas hold?

Hypothesis: The Duke and Duchess of York had two children: Elizabeth (called "Lilibet" by the family), and Margaret.


Premise: The water pump supplied water pressure to a plunger located where?

Hypothesis: A water pump supplied a variable level of water pressure to a plunger encased inside a vertical cylinder, allowing the level of the platform (carrying a heavy load) to be raised and lowered.


Premise: Which BYU building is one of the most attended art museus in the Mountain West?

Hypothesis: The campus is home to several museums containing exhibits from many different fields of study.


Premise: What year was it incorporated?

Hypothesis: In the United States Civil War the city was spared from any significant battle, only falling in the closing days of the war, though it did not escape the economic hardships that plagued the rest of the American South during the Reconstruction Era.


Premise: How many modern Portugese words have Arabic origins?

Hypothesis: Today, there are approximately 800 words in the Portuguese language of Arabic origin.


Premise: Where is Space Center Houston?

Hypothesis: Space Center Houston is the official visitors' center of NASA's Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center.


Premise: What latitudes does Iran lie between?

Hypothesis: Iran lies between latitudes 24° and 40° N, and longitudes 44° and 64° E. Its borders are with Azerbaijan (611 km or 380 mi, with Azerbaijan-Naxcivan exclave, 179 km or 111 mi) and Armenia (35 km or 22 mi) to the north-west; the Caspian Sea to the north; Turkmenistan (992 km or 616 mi) to the north-east; Pakistan (909 km or 565 mi) and Afghanistan (936 km or 582 mi) to the east; Turkey (499 km or 310 mi) and Iraq (1,458 km or 906 mi) to the west; and finally the waters of the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman to the south.


Premise: In 1200, what area did the houses of Savoy, Zahringer, Habsburg, and Kyburg comprise?

Hypothesis: By 1200, the Swiss plateau comprised the dominions of the houses of Savoy, Zähringer, Habsburg, and Kyburg.


Premise: Besides salt what other major natural resources does Mali produce?

Hypothesis: Some of Mali's prominent natural resources include gold, being the third largest producer of gold in the African continent, and salt.


Premise: How far does the Alps range stretch?

Hypothesis: The range stretches from the Mediterranean Sea north above the Po basin, extending through France from Grenoble, eastward through mid and southern Switzerland.


Premise: Who hosted the party whre Chopin met George Sand?

Hypothesis: In 1836, at a party hosted by Marie d'Agoult, Chopin met the French author George Sand (born [Amantine] Aurore [Lucile] Dupin).


Premise: What two centres of Mamluk power was the country located?

Hypothesis: The country was located between the two centres of Mamluk power, Cairo and Damascus, and only saw some development along the postal road connecting the two cities.


Premise: What happened to many of the larger suburban mansions from the boom era?

Hypothesis: Height limits in the Melbourne CBD were lifted in 1958, after the construction of ICI House, transforming the city's skyline with the introduction of skyscrapers.


Premise: What the did Accurate News and Information Bill hope to accomplish?

Hypothesis: The third, the Accurate News and Information Bill, purported to force newspapers to print government rebuttals to stories to which the provincial cabinet objected.


Premise: What are the titles of the standard media apps on current Apple devices?

Hypothesis: As of iOS 5, separate apps named "Music" and "Videos" are standardized across all iOS-powered products.


Premise: What two religions were most common?

Hypothesis: After the Counter-Reformation, when the Roman Catholic Church regained power in Poland, the nobility became almost exclusively Catholic, despite the fact that Roman Catholicism was not the majority religion in Commonwealth (the Catholic and Orthodox churches each accounted for some 40% of all citizens population, with the remaining 20% being Jews or members of Protestant denominations).


Premise: Some airfield runways were painted green during what war?

Hypothesis: Measures such as camouflaging important buildings were common in the Second World War.


Premise: Who do the mosaics at the the basilica of San Lorenzo depict as being abducted?

Hypothesis: In the St Aquilinus Chapel of the Basilica of San Lorenzo, mosaics executed in the late 4th and early 5th centuries depict Christ with the Apostles and the Abduction of Elijah; these mosaics are outstanding for their bright colors, naturalism and adherence to the classical canons of order and proportion.


Premise: Who's responsibility was it to edit the standard for Layer I?

Hypothesis: Much of its technology and ideas were incorporated into the definition of ISO MPEG Audio Layer I and Layer II and the filter bank alone into Layer III (MP3) format as part of the computationally inefficient hybrid filter bank.


Premise: Which South American country was included among the seven promoted countries?

Hypothesis: Seven countries were promoted to this category this year, leaving the "medium development" group: Albania, Belarus, Brazil, Libya, Macedonia, Russia and Saudi Arabia.


Premise: What are KUOW and KPLU radio stations?

Hypothesis: Many Seattle radio stations are also available through Internet radio, with KEXP in particular being a pioneer of Internet radio.


Premise: Were Aborigines allowed to vote?

Hypothesis: Aborigines were not allowed to vote and were often confined to reserves and forced into low paid or effectively slave labour.


Premise: Who were the likely heirs?

Hypothesis: As the Jurchens had traditionally "elected" their leader through a council of nobles, the Qing state did not have in place a clear succession system until the reign of the Kangxi Emperor.


Premise: What part of the city remains open

Hypothesis: The Dutch Water Line, moved east of the city in the early 19th century required open lines of fire, thus prohibiting all permanent constructions until the middle of the 20th century on the east side of the city.


Premise: What processed meat, featured in WEEI-FM's ad slogan, rhymes with Joni?

Hypothesis: Termed "the acoustic equivalent to Prozac", soft adult contemporary, a more adult-oriented version of AC, was born in the late 1970s and grew in the early 1980s.


Premise: What is stare decisis?

Hypothesis: The difficult question is whether federal judicial power extends to formulating binding precedent through strict adherence to the rule of stare decisis.


Premise: What international exercises does the RCN partake in?

Hypothesis: The RCN participates in NATO exercises and operations, and ships are deployed all over the world in support of multinational deployments.


Premise: Who advanced Greek Science?

Hypothesis: Greek Science was advanced by the works of the mathematician Euclid and the polymath Archimedes.


Premise: What unit was used in the DIN to express speeds?

Hypothesis: This revision also saw significant changes in the definition of film speeds in order to accommodate then-recent changes in the American ASA PH2.5-1960 standard, so that film speeds of black-and-white negative film effectively would become doubled, that is, a film previously marked as "18° DIN" would now be labeled as "21 DIN" without emulsion changes.


Premise: Who was the author of the book, The Yong Mans Gleanings?

Hypothesis: The first known use of the word "computer" was in 1613 in a book called The Yong Mans Gleanings by English writer Richard Braithwait: "I haue read the truest computer of Times, and the best Arithmetician that euer breathed, and he reduceth thy dayes into a short number.


Premise: What is the mean yearly temperature in Hyderabad in Celsius?

Hypothesis: The coolest temperatures occur in December and January, when the lowest temperature occasionally dips to 10 °C (50 °F).


Premise: Which production company engineered the EditDroid machines in the 1980s?

Hypothesis: Only 24 EditDroid systems were ever built, even though the ideas and technology are still in use today.


Premise: What was under development in both the Soviet Union and Britain in the 1930s?

Hypothesis: During the 1930s solid fuel rockets were under development in the Soviet Union and Britain.


Premise: Where was the torch event held in Vietnam?

Hypothesis: following reports that the Chinese government had established a county-level city named Sansha in the disputed territories, resulting in anti-Chinese demonstrations in December 2007 in Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City.


Premise: What is royal assent called in Belgium?

Hypothesis: In 1990, when King Baudouin advised his cabinet he could not, in conscience, sign a bill decriminalising abortion (a refusal patently not covered by a responsible minister), the Council of Ministers, at the King's own request, declared Baudouin incapable of exercising his powers.


Premise: As of 2013, how many people worked for a securities business in New York?

Hypothesis: The city's securities industry, enumerating 163,400 jobs in August 2013, continues to form the largest segment of the city's financial sector and an important economic engine, accounting in 2012 for 5 percent of the city's private sector jobs, 8.5 percent (US$3.8 billion) of its tax revenue, and 22 percent of the city's total wages, including an average salary of US$360,700.


Premise: What kind of building materials do they use?

Hypothesis: Most hunter-gatherers are nomadic or semi-nomadic and live in temporary settlements.


Premise: Along with hospitals, medical centers and biotechnology industries, what is notably present in the Civic Center?

Hypothesis: Downtown Miami is home to the largest concentration of international banks in the United States, and many large national and international companies.


Premise: What was the main reason Sanjaya garnered such attention?

Hypothesis: Teenager Sanjaya Malakar was the season's most talked-about contestant for his unusual hairdo, and for managing to survive elimination for many weeks due in part to the weblog Vote for the Worst and satellite radio personality Howard Stern, who both encouraged fans to vote for him.


Premise: Who came in fourth in the 2013 Open World Taekwondo Challenge Cup?

Hypothesis: In the martial arts, Faisal Jeylani Aweys and Mohamed Deq Abdulle also took home a silver medal and fourth place, respectively, at the 2013 Open World Taekwondo Challenge Cup in Tongeren.


Premise: What part of the freeway system is Beltway 8?

Hypothesis: Beltway 8 and its freeway core, the Sam Houston Tollway, form the middle loop at a diameter of roughly 23 miles (37 km).


Premise: What kinds of fish are abundent in the British Isles?

Hypothesis: Many larger animals, such as wolf, bear and the European elk are today extinct.


Premise: What scheduled bearer of the torch boycotted?

Hypothesis: A coalition of Thai human rights groups announced that it would organise a "small demonstration" during the relay, and several hundred people did indeed take part in protests, facing Beijing supporters.


Premise: Who helped write the song "No Boundaries"?

Hypothesis: Both Allen and Lambert released the coronation song, "No Boundaries" which was co-written by DioGuardi.


Premise: What meeting did Napoleon and Czar Alexander participate in in 1808?

Hypothesis: In 1808, Napoleon and Czar Alexander met at the Congress of Erfurt to preserve the Russo-French alliance.


Premise: Where did Queen receive the inaugural VH1 Rock Honors?

Hypothesis: Queen received the inaugural VH1 Rock Honors at the Mandalay Bay Events Center in Las Vegas, Nevada, on 25 May 2006.


Premise: Which ideas do scientist lean towards causing sexual orientation?

Hypothesis: They favor biologically-based theories, which point to genetic factors, the early uterine environment, both, or the inclusion of genetic and social factors.


Premise: In which region of the state did culture develop?

Hypothesis: Between AD 300 and 1300 in the northern part of the state along the wide, fertile valley on the San Miguel River the Casas Grandes (Big Houses) culture developed into an advanced civilization.


Premise: The Medieval period begins with the fall of what city?

Hypothesis: The Medieval period includes music from after the fall of Rome to about 1400.


Premise: What subject did Kanye's mother teach at her university?

Hypothesis: His parents divorced when he was three and he and his mother moved to Chicago, Illinois.


Premise: UHI is an abbreviation of what?

Hypothesis: A straightforward method of counteracting the UHI effect is to paint buildings and roads white and plant trees.


Premise: How much of the Bronx is white (including Hispanic) as of 2009?

Hypothesis: 320,640 whites called the Bronx home, of which 168,570 were non-Hispanic whites.


Premise: What became more common during the Baroque era?

Hypothesis: During the Baroque era, keyboard music played on the harpsichord and pipe organ became increasingly popular, and the violin family of stringed instruments took the form generally seen today.


Premise: How far was the relay route in kilometers in the Middle East?

Hypothesis: Sultanate of Oman: Muscat was the torch's only stop in the Middle East, on April 14.


Premise: What type of law handled IP rights before 1994 in TRIP signatories?

Hypothesis: In the context of trademarks, this expansion has been driven by international efforts to harmonise the definition of "trademark", as exemplified by the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights ratified in 1994, which formalized regulations for IP rights that had been handled by common law, or not at all, in member states.


Premise: What is the population growth rate of Somerset county

Hypothesis: Population growth is higher than the national average, with a 6.4% increase, in the Somerset County Council area, since 1991, and a 17% increase since 1981.


Premise: What did Victoria believe that an official proclamation transferring control from the company to the monarchy would do?

Hypothesis: She wrote of "her feelings of horror and regret at the result of this bloody civil war", and insisted, urged on by Albert, that an official proclamation announcing the transfer of power from the company to the state "should breathe feelings of generosity, benevolence and religious toleration".


Premise: What is the average day temperature on the coast in June and September?

Hypothesis: The middle of summer is hot – in July and August on the coast the average temperature is usually around 33 °C (91 °F) during the day and around 22 °C (72 °F) at night (inland, in the highlands average temperature exceeds 35 °C (95 °F)) while in the June and September on the coast the average temperature is usually around 30 °C (86 °F) during the day and around 20 °C (68 °F) at night in Limassol, while is usually around 28 °C (82 °F) during the day and around 18 °C (64 °F) at night in Paphos.


Premise: What major nationalist movement has Nigeria had?

Hypothesis: Nationalism has also led to active secessionist movements such as MASSOB, Nationalist movements such as Oodua Peoples Congress, Movement for the Emancipation of the Niger Delta and a civil war.


Premise: The hierarchical position of treaties relative to domestic legislation in Brazil determines whether the latter can do what to the former and vice versa?

Hypothesis: The hierarchical position of treaties in relation to domestic legislation is of relevance to the discussion on whether (and how) the latter can abrogate the former and vice versa.


Premise: What was the study called?

Hypothesis: On 5 February 1987, the Minister of National Defence created an office to study the impact of employing men and women in combat units.


Premise: What did the United States place on Japans war efforts?

Hypothesis: With the occupation of French Indochina in the years of 1940–41, and with the continuing war in China, the United States placed embargoes on Japan of strategic materials such as scrap metal and oil, which were vitally needed for the war effort.


Premise: Who invented the beer pump in England?

Hypothesis: Great Marlow Buckinghamshire 1742) an inventor, manufacturer and merchant of London.


Premise: Submarines and naval aircraft damaged what primarily?

Hypothesis: Hitler correctly noted that the greatest damage to the British war economy had been done through submarines and air attacks by small numbers of Focke-Wulf Fw 200 naval aircraft.


Premise: The time span that is counted as the classical for the Greeks is from eras ?

Hypothesis: The classical period of Greek civilization covers a time spanning from the early 5th century BC to the death of Alexander the Great, in 323 BC (some authors prefer to split this period into 'Classical', from the end of the Persian wars to the end of the Peloponnesian War, and 'Fourth Century', up to the death of Alexander).


Premise: With whom did Tito sign an agreement on September 28 1944?

Hypothesis: On 12 September 1944, King Peter II called on all Yugoslavs to come together under Tito's leadership and stated that those who did not were "traitors", by which time Tito was recognized by all Allied authorities (including the government-in-exile) as the Prime Minister of Yugoslavia, in addition to commander-in-chief of the Yugoslav forces.


Premise: What publications are put out by the UCC?

Hypothesis: Today, the shouts of the vendors selling the Echo can still be heard in various parts of the city centre.


Premise: Rotation matrix groups are utilized in computer graphics with what concept?

Hypothesis: Via Euler angles, rotation matrices are used in computer graphics.


Premise: Nowadays, only the short title and what else are read?

Hypothesis: Promulgation originally consisted of the reading of the Act in English and Manx; but, after 1865 the reading of the title of the act and a summary of each section were sufficient.


Premise: When was reinvent the toilet launched

Hypothesis: It was complemented by a program called "Grand Challenges Explorations" (2011 to 2013 with some follow-up grants reaching until 2015) which involved grants of US$100,000 each in the first round.


Premise: Where is the Gold State Coach housed?

Hypothesis: It was first used for the State Opening of Parliament by George III in 1762 and has been used by the monarch for every coronation since George IV.


Premise: Who was nominated for President during the 1964 Democratic National Convention?

Hypothesis: The city hosted the 1964 Democratic National Convention which nominated Lyndon Johnson for President and Hubert Humphrey as Vice President.


Premise: What was the abbey's annual income as of 2016?

Hypothesis: In 1535, the abbey's annual income of £2400–2800[citation needed]


Premise: How many colleges make up BYU at its main campus?

Hypothesis: The university also administers two satellite campuses, one in Jerusalem and one in Salt Lake City, while its parent organization, the Church Educational System (CES), sponsors sister schools in Hawaii and Idaho.


Premise: With which organization did Li file a civil rights complaint?

Hypothesis: In 2006, Jian Li, a Chinese undergraduate at Yale University, filed a civil rights complaint with the Office for Civil Rights against Princeton University, claiming that his race played a role in their decision to reject his application for admission and seeking the suspension of federal financial assistance to the university until it "discontinues discrimination against Asian Americans in all forms" by eliminating race and legacy preferences.


Premise: Ethnic minorities such as Azerbaijanis make up what percentage of Iran's population?

Hypothesis: As with the spoken languages, the ethnic group composition also remains a point of debate, mainly regarding the largest and second largest ethnic groups, the Persians and Azerbaijanis, due to the lack of Iranian state censuses based on ethnicity.


Premise: Who initially lit the Olympic Torch?

Hypothesis: The actress Maria Nafpliotou, in the role of a High Priestess, ignited the torch of the first torchbearer, a silver medalist of the 2004 Summer Olympics in taekwondo Alexandros Nikolaidis from Greece, who handed the flame over to the second torchbearer, Olympic champion in women's breaststroke Luo Xuejuan from China.


Premise: In what year were the prince electors elect them selves as King?

Hypothesis: Because the duchy was outside of the core Holy Roman Empire, the prince-electors of Brandenburg were able to proclaim themselves King of Prussia beginning in 1701.


Premise: How much of DEI's energy output is from natural gas?

Hypothesis: Energy production in Greece is dominated by the Public Power Corporation (known mostly by its acronym ΔΕΗ, or in English DEI).


Premise: What foundation had already begun relief work in the area?

Hypothesis: The Amity Foundation already began relief work in the region and has earmarked US$143,000 for disaster relief.


Premise: What did the 19th century produce in Catalan literature?

Hypothesis: In parallel, however, the 19th century saw a Catalan literary revival (Renaixença), which has continued up to the present day.


Premise: What year did Walker retire?

Hypothesis: In 1986, Michael Dell brought in Lee Walker, a 51-year-old venture capitalist, as president and chief operating officer, to serve as Michael's mentor and implement Michael's ideas for growing the company.


Premise: Who defeated Philip?

Hypothesis: In 198 BC, during the Second Macedonian War Philip was decisively defeated at Cynoscephalae by the Roman proconsul Titus Quinctius Flamininus and Macedon lost all its territories in Greece proper.


Premise: Where was Moura Photovoltaic Power Station located?

Hypothesis: In 2006, the world's largest solar power plant at that date, the Moura Photovoltaic Power Station, began operating near Moura, in the south, while the world's first commercial wave power farm, the Aguçadoura Wave Farm, opened in the Norte region (2008).


Premise: What type of religious educaton did Tito attend as a child?

Hypothesis: After an incident where he was slapped and shouted at by a priest when he had difficulty assisting the priest to remove his vestments, Tito would not enter a church again.


Premise: Eisenhower met Tito where in 1960?

Hypothesis: When Eisenhower remarked that Yugoslavia's neutralism was "neutral on his side", Tito replied that neutralism did not imply passivity but meant "not taking sides".


Premise: Boston police and local groups make an effort toprevent youth from doing what?

Hypothesis: Like many major American cities, Boston has seen a great reduction in violent crime since the early 1990s.


Premise: How can migrating birds lose their way?

Hypothesis: Migrating birds can lose their way and appear outside their normal ranges.


Premise: What is a major implication of the Erie doctrine?

Hypothesis: When hearing claims under state law pursuant to diversity jurisdiction, federal trial courts must apply the statutory and decisional law of the state in which they sit, as if they were a court of that state, even if they believe that the relevant state law is irrational or just bad public policy.


Premise: Which short narrative poem was attributed to Virgil as early as the 1st century AD?

Hypothesis: One, the Catalepton, consists of fourteen short poems, some of which may be Virgil's, and another, a short narrative poem titled the Culex ("The Gnat"), was attributed to Virgil as early as the 1st century AD.


Premise: What conditions effect the mixture of carbonate and sulfate in copper?

Hypothesis: It can be a mixture of carbonate and sulfate compounds in various amounts, depending upon environmental conditions such as sulfur-containing acid rain.


Premise: What was Immanuel Nobel son's name?

Hypothesis: Part of the Russian resistance was credited[by whom?]


Premise: Which tribe named the settlement as kaw-goosh-kaw-nick?

Hypothesis: On 25 May 1824, the town plat was registered with Wayne County as "Annarbour;" this represents the earliest known use of the town's name.


Premise: How many MRAP vehicles has the Pentagon bought since 2007?

Hypothesis: The Pentagon bought 25,000 MRAP vehicles since 2007 in 25 variants through rapid acquisition with no long-term plans for the platforms.


Premise: What version of firmware update gave the PlayStation 3 its 3D capability?

Hypothesis: Firmware update 3.30 officially allowed PS3 titles to be played in 3D, requiring a compatible display for use.


Premise: What kind of passive construction does Czech have?

Hypothesis: Although Czech has a periphrastic passive construction (like English), colloquial word-order changes frequently produce the passive voice.


Premise: Who hit a three run walk off homer off of closer Tom "Flash" Gordon?

Hypothesis: That run died when Preston Wilson hit a three run walk off homer off of closer Tom "Flash" Gordon, which halted the team's momentum.


Premise: What is the death rate among chickens who are intensivley breed to be broilers?

Hypothesis: Chickens raised intensively for their meat are known as "broilers".


Premise: How did Gaddafi manage to attend elementary school so far from home?

Hypothesis: During the week Gaddafi slept in a mosque, and at weekends walked 20 miles to visit his parents.


Premise: Which wards elect city council members in the alternate year from the mayor?

Hypothesis: Both the council members and the mayor serve four-year terms; none face term limits.


Premise: How was Seattle ranked on literacy in 2005-2006?

Hypothesis: A 2008 United States Census Bureau survey showed that Seattle had the highest percentage of college and university graduates of any major U.S. city.


Premise: What work did Hayek begin in 1923?

Hypothesis: Between 1923 and 1924 Hayek worked as a research assistant to Prof. Jeremiah Jenks of New York University, compiling macroeconomic data on the American economy and the operations of the US Federal Reserve.


Premise: Along with slangs, patois and pidgins, what is another type of smiilar speech variety?

Hypothesis: Where a distinction can be made only in terms of pronunciation (including prosody, or just prosody itself), the term accent may be preferred over dialect.


Premise: For how many years did the Warsaw Pact formally exist?

Hypothesis: On 1 July 1991, in Prague, the Czechoslovak President Václav Havel formally ended the 1955 Warsaw Treaty Organization of Friendship, Cooperation, and Mutual Assistance and so disestablished the Warsaw Treaty after 36 years of military alliance with the USSR.


Premise: What epic poems are written in post-Vedic Sanskrit?

Hypothesis: A significant form of post-Vedic Sanskrit is found in the Sanskrit of Indian epic poetry—the Ramayana and Mahabharata.


Premise: What is the name of the prayer that is listed in the Qua-ran  is used to enact a safeguard on kids from the  the devil ?

Hypothesis: should therefore not be taken in isolation from the Quran, and is to be interpreted within the specific context of exonerating Mary and her child from the charges that were made against them and is not a general statement.


Premise: Are squabs treated differently from other piegons by humans aside from consumption?

Hypothesis: When they hatch, the squabs are fed by both parents on "pigeon's milk", a thick secretion high in protein produced by the crop.


Premise: What is the initial phantom body pain sensation experienced by people with spinal cord damage?

Hypothesis: Paraplegia, the loss of sensation and voluntary motor control after serious spinal cord damage, may be accompanied by girdle pain at the level of the spinal cord damage, visceral pain evoked by a filling bladder or bowel, or, in five to ten per cent of paraplegics, phantom body pain in areas of complete sensory loss.


Premise: Who benefited from secondary schools?

Hypothesis: Secondary education in the United States did not emerge until 1910, with the rise of large corporations and advancing technology in factories, which required skilled workers.


Premise: In which year did England win the FIFA World Cup for the first and only time?

Hypothesis: The England team won their first and only World Cup title in 1966.


Premise: Stringed instruments during the Renaissance included the viol, the lyre, the cittern, the lute and what other instrument?

Hypothesis: Percussion instruments include the triangle, the Jew's harp, the tambourine, the bells, the rumble-pot, and various kinds of drums.


Premise: What happened with people with Shigella were treated with anti-diarrheal medication?

Hypothesis: They cite in support of this argument research published in 1973 that found that treating Shigella with the anti-diarrhea drug (Co-phenotrope, Lomotil) caused people to stay feverish twice as long as those not so treated.


Premise: What exists between the alleged color-blindness of most whites and the persistence of a system of inequality?

Hypothesis: There are contradictions between the alleged color-blindness of most whites and the persistence of a color-coded system of inequality.


Premise: What is the depth of the Niger Delta Nembe Creek Oil field?

Hypothesis: The Niger Delta Nembe Creek Oil field was discovered in 1973 and produces from middle Miocene deltaic sandstone-shale in an anticline structural trap at a depth of 2–4 km.


Premise: What does the term gemmule describe?

Hypothesis: Prior to Mendel's work, the dominant theory of heredity was one of blending inheritance, which suggested that each parent contributed fluids to the fertilisation process and that the traits of the parents blended and mixed to produce the offspring.


Premise: How many years is the deal with Legendary Pictures intended to run?

Hypothesis: In July 2013, Universal made an agreement with Legendary Pictures to market, co-finance, and distribute Legendary's films for five years starting in 2014, the year that Legendary's similar agreement with Warner Bros. expires.


Premise: Plato's philosophy attempted to explain life from what standpoint?

Hypothesis: Aristotle of Stagira, the most important disciple of Plato, shared with his teacher the title of the greatest philosopher of antiquity.


Premise: Which structure was the first used for the purposes of the college?

Hypothesis: They immediately acquired two students and set about building additions to the campus.


Premise: When did aircraft carriers begin being know as the capital ship of the fleet?

Hypothesis: This change took place during World War II in response to air power becoming a significant factor in warfare, driven by the superior range, flexibility and effectiveness of carrier-launched aircraft.


Premise: What are the other modern and hunting types of dogs called?

Hypothesis: These include the "old world dogs" (e.g., Malamute and Shar Pei), "Mastiff"-type (e.g., English Mastiff), "herding"-type (e.g., Border Collie), and "all others" (also called "modern"- or "hunting"-type).


Premise: Where will the counterweight be found?

Hypothesis: The counterweight is located in the hoist-way and rides a separate railway system; as the car goes up, the counterweight goes down, and vice versa.


Premise: What type of topic is physical pain important in relation to many issues?

Hypothesis: Physical pain is an important political topic in relation to various issues, including pain management policy, drug control, animal rights or animal welfare, torture, and pain compliance.


Premise: Due to the replanting of trees the center of the city is called what?

Hypothesis: The New Haven Green is currently home to three separate historic churches which speak to the original theocratic nature of the city.


Premise: What legal case sought to compel the Environmental Protection Agency to regular greenhouse gases?

Hypothesis: The city government was a petitioner in the landmark Massachusetts v. Environmental Protection Agency Supreme Court case forcing the EPA to regulate greenhouse gases as pollutants.


Premise: Whose conceptions of separation have long been argued over?

Hypothesis: Jefferson and James Madison's conceptions of separation have long been debated.


Premise: If a species may be harmed, who holds final say on whether the project may proceed?

Hypothesis: The question to be answered is whether a listed species will be harmed by the action and, if so, how the harm can be minimized.


Premise: What is the name of the most inexpensive Mac offered?

Hypothesis: By contrast the MSRP of the MacBook laptop lines have dropped through successive generations such that the MacBook Air and MacBook Pro constitute the lowest price of entry to a Mac, with the exception of the even more inexpensive Mac Mini (the only sub-$1000 offering from Apple, albeit without a monitor and keyboard), not surprisingly the MacBooks are the top-selling form factors of the Macintosh platform today.


Premise: What was the Ottoman Empire's struggle against in the Crimean War?

Hypothesis: The result was the Crimean War, 1853–1856, in which the British Empire and the French Empire supported the Ottoman Empire in its struggle against the incursions of the Russian Empire.


Premise: A memorial service for the nine victims was held on which college's campus?

Hypothesis: Senior pastor Clementa Pinckney, who also served as a state senator, was among those killed during the attack.


Premise: Who edited the Polish National Edition?

Hypothesis: The first collected edition was by Breitkopf & Härtel (1878–1902).


Premise: Which port is Australia's largest container and general cargo port?

Hypothesis: Ship transport is an important component of Melbourne's transport system.


Premise: At what age did Von Neumann begin to study advance calculus?

Hypothesis: Although Max insisted von Neumann attend school at the grade level appropriate to his age, he agreed to hire private tutors to give him advanced instruction in those areas in which he had displayed an aptitude.


Premise: How many millions of dollars did ''The Pink Panther'' gross world-wide?

Hypothesis: At the same time, B'Day was re-released with five additional songs, including her duet with Shakira "Beautiful Liar".


Premise: What is the largest opposition party in the Scottish Parliament?

Hypothesis: Labour runs a minority government in the Welsh Assembly under Carwyn Jones, is the largest opposition party in the Scottish Parliament and has twenty MEPs in the European Parliament, sitting in the Socialists and Democrats Group.


Premise: Where were the Jews confined prior to being transported to Auschwitz?

Hypothesis: None of the children came back.


Premise: Along with manors, where did peasants in the High Middle Ages often live?

Hypothesis: Many were no longer settled in isolated farms but had gathered into small communities, usually known as manors or villages.


Premise: Due to the presence of coral reefs, what activities are popular in Biscayne Bay?

Hypothesis: Biscayne Bay has numerous coral reefs which make snorkeling and scuba diving popular.


Premise: What is the ECOS within the Swazi education system?

Hypothesis: The Examination Council of Swaziland (ECOS) administers this examination.


Premise: what was the 1989 hit theme released by KMS?

Hypothesis: In 1988, as house music became more popular among general audiences, Kevin Saunderson's group Inner City with Paris Gray released the 1988 hits "Big Fun" and "Good Life", which eventually were picked up by Virgin Records.


Premise: Who provided the majority of funds for his concert tour in London?

Hypothesis: This tour was suggested to him by his Scottish pupil Jane Stirling and her elder sister.


Premise: What happened after they decided agasint shifting?

Hypothesis: The committee debated the possibility of a shift function (like in ITA2), which would allow more than 64 codes to be represented by a six-bit code.


Premise: Aside from biofuels what other renewable energy activities is Shell involved with?

Hypothesis: Shell was vertically integrated and is active in every area of the oil and gas industry, including exploration and production, refining, distribution and marketing, petrochemicals, power generation and trading.


Premise: What civilian group in Greece fought against Nazi occupation?

Hypothesis: Greece was eventually occupied by the Nazis who proceeded to administer Athens and Thessaloniki, while other regions of the country were given to Nazi Germany's partners, Fascist Italy and Bulgaria.


Premise: Bern is the capitol of which canton?

Hypothesis: Bern is also the capital of the Canton of Bern, the second most populous of Switzerland's cantons.


Premise: How many blocks west of Second Avenue does E 122nd Street run?

Hypothesis: This segment runs in East Harlem and crosses portions of Third Avenue, Lexington, and Park


Premise: What did Isaac Asimov consider heresy as?

Hypothesis: He acknowledged by examples that heresy has repeatedly become orthodoxy.


Premise: IBM has worked with architects and designers such as Ludwig Mies van der Rohe, I.M. Pei, and Van der Rohe, name one  more.

Hypothesis: The company's contributions to architecture and design, which include works by Eero Saarinen, Ludwig Mies van der Rohe, and I.M. Pei, have been recognized.


Premise: IBM expanded their nondiscrimination policy in 1984 to include what?

Hypothesis: In 1984, IBM added sexual orientation to its nondiscrimination policy.


Premise: When was the Armenian military created?

Hypothesis: The Ministry of Defence is in charge of political leadership, currently headed by Colonel General Seyran Ohanyan, while military command remains in the hands of the General Staff, headed by the Chief of Staff, who is currently Colonel General Yuri Khatchaturov.