Premise: How many private businesses employee people on Saint Helena?

Hypothesis: St Helena’s private sector employs approximately 45% of the employed labour force and is largely dominated by small and micro businesses with 218 private businesses employing 886 in 2004.


Premise: What can asexual reproduction techniques help annelids do?

Hypothesis: Although many species can reproduce asexually and use similar mechanisms to regenerate after severe injuries, sexual reproduction is the normal method in species whose reproduction has been studied.


Premise: How many original Xboxes were sold in Japan between 2002 and 2005?

Hypothesis: While the original Xbox sold poorly in Japan, selling just 2 million units while it was on the market (between 2002 and 2005),[citation needed] the Xbox 360 sold even more poorly, selling only 1.5 million units from 2005 to 2011.


Premise: Where does Brazil's president live?

Hypothesis: The Palácio da Alvorada is the official residence of the President of Brazil.


Premise: Why were the protesters arrested?

Hypothesis: The march was planned as a multi-day event from Concord to Boston, and while in Lexington, participants tried to camp on the village green.


Premise: Along with South Dakota, what state rejected a death penalty abolition bill in 2010?

Hypothesis: Idaho ended its de facto moratorium, during which only one volunteer had been executed, on November 18, 2011 by executing Paul Ezra Rhoades; South Dakota executed Donald Moeller on October 30, 2012, ending a de facto moratorium during which only two volunteers had been executed.


Premise: Has there been a recent increase or decrease in international students studying in Melbourne?

Hypothesis: Of the top twenty high schools in Australia according to the Better Education ranking, six are located in Melbourne.


Premise: In what year did Marshall and Gilbert go to the islands?

Hypothesis: Captain John Charles Marshall and Thomas Gilbert visited the islands in 1788.


Premise: How was Mary related to Jesus?

Hypothesis: The Gospel of Luke begins its account of Mary's life with the Annunciation, when the angel Gabriel appeared to her and announced her divine selection to be the mother of Jesus.


Premise: How many immigrants arrived by sea in 2015?

Hypothesis: There were 856,723 arrivals by sea in Greece, an almost fivefold increase to the same period of 2014, of which the Syrians represent almost 45%.


Premise: Which animal has one of the most complex respiratory system of all animal groups?

Hypothesis: Sound production is achieved using the syrinx, a muscular chamber incorporating multiple tympanic membranes which diverges from the lower end of the trachea; the trachea being elongated in some species, increasing the volume of vocalizations and the perception of the bird's size.


Premise: With whom did Rome have alliances at the end of the regal period?

Hypothesis: The city had commercial and political treaties with its neighbours; according to tradition, Rome's Etruscan connections established a temple to Minerva on the predominantly plebeian Aventine; she became part of a new Capitoline triad of Jupiter, Juno and Minerva, installed in a Capitoline temple, built in an Etruscan style and dedicated in a new September festival, Epulum Jovis.


Premise: What is insufficient to establish a direct origin from ancient festivals to Carnival?

Hypothesis: However, evidence is insufficient to establish a direct origin from Saturnalia or other ancient festivals.


Premise: What subtype of clitellates contains leeches?

Hypothesis: In turn the clitellates were divided into oligochaetes, which include earthworms, and hirudinomorphs, whose best-known members are leeches.


Premise: What is the colloquial term afforded to New Haven-style pizza?

Hypothesis: New Haven's greatest culinary claim to fame may be its pizza, which has been claimed to be among the best in the country, or even in the world.


Premise: What city's carnival has documented history from 1790?

Hypothesis: Vilanovins organize an elaborate ritual for the arrival of King Carnival called l'Arrivo that changes every year.


Premise: What storage system for dates led to the system clock error?

Hypothesis: Sony stated that the affected models incorrectly identified 2010 as a leap year, because of a bug in the BCD method of storing the date.


Premise: How many worldwide album sales has Kelly Clarkson had since winning Idol?

Hypothesis: Clarkson has since become the most successful Idol contestant internationally, with worldwide album sales of more than 23 million.


Premise: The military colonies replaced what as population centers?

Hypothesis: During the American occupation of the state, the number of Indian attacks was drastically reduced, but in 1848 the attacks resumed to such a degree that the Mexican officials had no choice but to resume military projects to protect Mexican settlements in the state.


Premise: What positive things can happen to your brain when you excersise?

Hypothesis: Influences on the brain include increases in neurotransmitter levels, improved oxygen and nutrient delivery, and increased neurogenesis in the hippocampus.


Premise: What city has more Fortune 500 headquarters than Houston?

Hypothesis: It is also leading in health care sectors and building oilfield equipment; only New York City is home to more Fortune 500 headquarters within its city limits.


Premise: In which year was Campus Martius open?

Hypothesis: Campus Martius, a reconfiguration of downtown's main intersection as a new park was opened in 2004.


Premise: What formation is located in Quebec?

Hypothesis: The Royal Canadian Navy (RCN), headed by the Commander of the Royal Canadian Navy, includes 33 warships and submarines deployed in two fleets: Maritime Forces Pacific (MARPAC) at CFB Esquimalt on the west coast, and Maritime Forces Atlantic (MARLANT) at Her Majesty's Canadian Dockyard in Halifax on the east coast, as well as one formation: the Naval Reserve Headquarters (NAVRESHQ) at Quebec City, Quebec.


Premise: What decade saw the victories of Joan of Arc?

Hypothesis: The price was high, as the population of France at the end of the Wars was likely half what it had been at the start of the conflict.


Premise: What word literally means "born of a wolf?"

Hypothesis: As god of the sun, Apollo was called Sol (/ˈsɒl/ SOL, literally "sun" in Latin) by the Romans.


Premise: Who were two of the promiment players in the 19th century?

Hypothesis: The mandolin grew in popularity over the next 60 years, in the streets where it was used by young men courting and by street musicians, and in the concert hall.


Premise: What no wave-affiliated label was founded in 1978?

Hypothesis: The former four groups were included on the Eno-produced No New York compilation, often considered the quintessential testament to the scene.


Premise: What object did Duchamp select in 1914 as a scuplture by itself?

Hypothesis: In 1913 he attached a bicycle wheel to a kitchen stool and in 1914 selected a bottle-drying rack as a sculpture in its own right.


Premise: In 2014, how many Somalis resided in Norway?

Hypothesis: There are also significant Somali communities in Sweden: 57,906 (2014); the Netherlands: 37,432 (2014); Norway: 38,413 (2015); Denmark: 18,645 (2014); and Finland: 16,721 (2014).


Premise: Why are glacial crevices formed?

Hypothesis: Crevasses form due to differences in glacier velocity.


Premise: What is now necessary to tap someone's telephone?

Hypothesis: In the 1927 case Olmstead v. United States, in which a bootlegger was caught through telephone tapping, the United States Supreme Court ruled that FBI wiretaps did not violate the Fourth Amendment as unlawful search and seizure, as long as the FBI did not break into a person's home to complete the tapping.


Premise: When was the sovereignty law passed?

Hypothesis: On September 25, they passed a sovereignty law that gave precedence to Azerbaijani law, and on October 4, the Popular Front was permitted to register as a legal organization as long as it lifted the blockade.


Premise: The Church of Central Africa-Presbyterian often offers what services?

Hypothesis: education, health ministries as well as worship and spiritual development are important.


Premise: Where did Eric Scott Raymond fly using a solar powered plane in 1990?

Hypothesis: In 1990 Eric Scott Raymond in 21 hops flew from California to North Carolina using solar power.


Premise: In Tuvalu government, what group elect the Prime Minster?

Hypothesis: The ministers that form the Cabinet are appointed by the Governor General on the advice of the Prime Minister.


Premise: What dye did the Egyptians make using the madder plant?

Hypothesis: The ancient Egyptians began manufacturing pigments in about 4000 BC.


Premise: What influenced the consistency of the written Tibetan language?

Hypothesis: Although spoken Tibetan varies according to the region, the written language, based on Classical Tibetan, is consistent throughout.


Premise: What two regions do some linguists divide Russian into?

Hypothesis: Despite leveling after 1900, especially in matters of vocabulary and phonetics, a number of dialects still exist in Russia.


Premise: How much in dollars did the Houston area export in 2012?

Hypothesis: The Houston area is the top U.S. market for exports, surpassing New York City in 2013, according to data released by the U.S. Department of Commerce's International Trade Administration.


Premise: What percentage of broadcasting revenue is divided equally by all La Liga clubs?

Hypothesis: The money is divided into three parts: half is divided equally between the clubs; one quarter is awarded on a merit basis based on final league position, the top club getting twenty times as much as the bottom club, and equal steps all the way down the table; the final quarter is paid out as facilities fees for games that are shown on television, with the top clubs generally receiving the largest shares of this.


Premise: On what date did the FC Barca hold a second testimonial match for Paulino Alcántara against the Spanish national team?

Hypothesis: On 3 July 1927, the club held a second testimonial match for Paulino Alcántara, against the Spanish national team.


Premise: What are the two geographical features that Atlantic City is located between?

Hypothesis: Because of its location in South Jersey, hugging the Atlantic Ocean between marshlands and islands, Atlantic City was viewed by developers as prime real estate and a potential resort town.


Premise: Who was oppressed and discriminated against?

Hypothesis: But, they had limited rights and overall had slightly better socioeconomic conditions than those classed as "Black".


Premise: In 2012-2013, public expenditure was what?

Hypothesis: Wages and salaries represent about 38% of recurrent expenditure.


Premise: In some world states who did the people turn to?

Hypothesis: In some world states, the desperate citizens turned toward nationalist demagogues—the most infamous being Adolf Hitler—setting the stage for the next era of war.


Premise: How do the two Catholicosates compare?

Hypothesis: Therefore, since 1441, there have been two Catholicosates in the Armenian Church with equal rights and privileges, and with their respective jurisdictions.


Premise: Who did Ted Turner buy Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer from?

Hypothesis: Concerns over Turner Entertainment's corporate debt load resulted in Turner selling the studio that October back to Kirk Kerkorian, from whom Turner had purchased the studio less than a year before.


Premise: With whom did Usborne draw parallels to Hopkins as a result of Hopkins' comments?

Hypothesis: Hopkins' column also drew criticism on Twitter, including from Russell Brand, to whom Hopkins responded by accusing Brand's "champagne socialist humanity" of neglecting taxpayers.


Premise: What does the cambium separate?

Hypothesis: By the formation of a layer of cambium between the bundles (interfascicular cambium), a complete ring is formed, and a regular periodical increase in thickness results from the development of xylem on the inside and phloem on the outside.


Premise: How many countries assisted in the defense of South Korea?

Hypothesis: On that day, the United Nations Security Council recognized this North Korean act as invasion and called for an immediate ceasefire.


Premise: How many torchbearers participated in the relay event in Hong Kong?

Hypothesis: : The event was held in Hong Kong on May 2.


Premise: On what day was the first atomic blast?

Hypothesis: On July 16, 1945, with numerous other Manhattan Project personnel, von Neumann was an eyewitness to the first atomic bomb blast, code named Trinity, conducted as a test of the implosion method device, at the bombing range near Alamogordo Army Airfield, 35 miles (56 km) southeast of Socorro, New Mexico.


Premise: When was the Everton Tigers team launched?

Hypothesis: However Everton withdrew funding before the 2010–11 season and the team was re launched as the Mersey Tigers.


Premise: who is the North American Environmental Atlas made by?

Hypothesis: The Great Plains ecoregion includes five sub-regions: Temperate Prairies, West-Central Semi-Arid Prairies, South-Central Semi-Arid Prairies, Texas Louisiana Coastal Plains, and Tamaulipus-Texas Semi-Arid Plain, which overlap or expand upon other Great Plains designations.


Premise: For every 100 females age 18 and over, how many males were there?

Hypothesis: For every 100 females there were 96.2 males.


Premise: What term is used in Belgium and the Netherlands to refer to an institution like a German Fachhochschule?

Hypothesis: The hogeschool has many similarities to the Fachhochschule in the German language areas and to the ammattikorkeakoulu in Finland.


Premise: What did Ibn Sina receive as payment for helping the emir?

Hypothesis: Ibn Sina's first appointment was that of physician to the emir, Nuh II, who owed him his recovery from a dangerous illness (997).


Premise: What were the main influences of the official language of the Empire?

Hypothesis: Ottoman Turkish was the official language of the Empire.


Premise: Who influenced the appointment of George of Cappadocia?

Hypothesis: Athanasius, after remaining some days in the neighbourhood of the city, finally withdrew into the desert of Upper Egypt, where he remained for a period of six years, living the life of the monks, devoting himself to the composition of a group of writings; "Apology to Constantius", the "Apology for his Flight", the "Letter to the Monks", and the "History of the Arians".


Premise: In what year was Simonswood transferred from Knowsley to West Lancashire

Hypothesis: Warrington and Widnes, south of the new Merseyside/Greater Manchester border were added to the new non-metropolitan county of Cheshire.


Premise: Aside from silence, which sections of music highlight parts that are easier to compress?

Hypothesis: Users who know a particular "quality setting" that is transparent to their ears can use this value when encoding all of their music, and generally speaking not need to worry about performing personal listening tests on each piece of music to determine the correct bit rate.


Premise: Which two American idol contestants performed a duet with Queen on American Idol?

Hypothesis: On 20 May 2009, May and Taylor performed "We Are the Champions" live on the season finale of American Idol with winner Kris Allen and runner-up Adam Lambert providing a vocal duet.


Premise: How big was the tornado in 2011?

Hypothesis: The most recent hurricane to have a considerable effect on the area was Isabel in 2003.


Premise: What is the time limit for designating a species critical habitat after the species has been added to the endangered list?

Hypothesis: Nonetheless, the agencies have generally changed course and since about 2005 have tried to designate critical habitat at or near the time of listing.


Premise: What word is used in France for comics?

Hypothesis: Cross-cultural study of comics is complicated by the great difference in meaning and scope of the words for "comics" in different languages.


Premise: What is one way to group pesticides?

Hypothesis: Plant-derived pesticides, or "botanicals", have been developing quickly.


Premise: What has caused Stokavian to become more widely spoken?

Hypothesis: As a result, Štokavian now covers an area larger than all the other dialects combined, and continues to make its progress in the enclaves where non-literary dialects are still being spoken.


Premise: What individual was the main target of the pact?

Hypothesis: Their real desire, however, was to destroy Frederick’s power altogether, reducing his sway to his electorate of Brandenburg and giving East Prussia to Poland, an exchange that would be accompanied by the cession of the Polish Duchy of Courland to Russia.


Premise: How high have the levels of PCBs in the sediments behind Woods Pond dam been measured at?

Hypothesis: About 50% of all the PCBs currently in the river are estimated to be retained in the sediment behind Woods Pond dam.


Premise: When were the western towers built?

Hypothesis: The abbey's two western towers were built between 1722 and 1745 by Nicholas Hawksmoor, constructed from Portland stone to an early example of a Gothic Revival design.


Premise: What did the Sumerians refer to themselves as in their language?

Hypothesis: The Akkadian word Shumer may represent the geographical name in dialect, but the phonological development leading to the Akkadian term šumerû is uncertain.


Premise: For what system was the first Arena Football League video game released?

Hypothesis: The first video game based on the AFL was Arena Football for the C-64 released in 1988.


Premise: Is the Lagrange formalism or the Hamiltonian more convenient for non-conservative systems?

Hypothesis: This formalism is as fundamental as the Hamiltonian, and both can be used to derive the equations of motion or be derived from them.


Premise: Who moved the Roman Empire capital in 330 AD?

Hypothesis: The Hellenistic period may be seen to end either with the final conquest of the Greek heartlands by Rome in 146 BC following the Achean War, with the final defeat of the Ptolemaic Kingdom at the Battle of Actium in 31 BC, or even the move by Roman emperor Constantine the Great of the capital of the Roman Empire to Constantinople in 330 AD.


Premise: Whose death was not a direct casualty of the war?

Hypothesis: The X Corps were forced to evacuate by 24 December in order to reinforce the badly depleted U.S. Eighth Army to the south.


Premise: Where can one look for memorization clues concerning accent positions?

Hypothesis: Comparative and historical linguistics offers some clues for memorising the accent position: If one compares many standard Serbo-Croatian words to e.g. cognate Russian words, the accent in the Serbo-Croatian word will be one syllable before the one in the Russian word, with the rising tone.


Premise: Who resided at the School of Salerno in Regimen sanitatis Salernitanum?

Hypothesis: One mustn't overlook the doctrines of Galen: In use from his life in the 1st century AD until the 17th century, it was heresy to disagree with him for 1500 years.


Premise: What were the great powers of 1914 called?

Hypothesis: The Great powers of 1914 were 'world-powers' because Western society had recently become 'world-wide'."


Premise: Around what time was the total legal number of ennoblement at 800?

Hypothesis: According to heraldic sources total number of legal ennoblements issued between the 14th century and the mid-18th century, is estimated at approximately 800.


Premise: Who was the last and most famous queen of the Ptolemy dynasty?

Hypothesis: The most famous member of the line was the last queen, Cleopatra VII, known for her role in the Roman political battles between Julius Caesar and Pompey, and later between Octavian and Mark Antony.


Premise: How Ballon d'Or awards have members of the Barcelona team won?

Hypothesis: In 2010, the club made history when three players who came through its youth academy (Messi, Iniesta and Xavi) were chosen as the three best players in the world in the FIFA Ballon d'Or awards, an unprecedented feat for players from the same football school.


Premise: What is the name of a wealthy neighborhood?

Hypothesis: The city's wealth disparity is evident when neighborhoods are compared.


Premise: What does ESC generally mean for graphical user interfaces and windowing systems?

Hypothesis: This is the same meaning of "escape" encountered in URL encodings, C language strings, and other systems where certain characters have a reserved meaning.


Premise: Who is credited as founding political Zionism?

Hypothesis: In 1896, Herzl published Der Judenstaat (The State of the Jews), offering his vision of a future Jewish state; the following year he presided over the first Zionist Congress.


Premise: How is a supply ship unloaded when it reaches Norfolk Island?

Hypothesis: Visitors often gather to watch the activity when a supply ship arrives.


Premise: What did law that limit smoking accomplish?

Hypothesis: Laws that limit smoking decrease the number of people hospitalized for asthma.


Premise: What agreement commits countries to conserve biodiversity?

Hypothesis: The agreements commit countries to "conserve biodiversity", "develop resources for sustainability" and "share the benefits" resulting from their use.


Premise: What was the main responsibility of the Ottoman state as it relates to lands?

Hypothesis: Before the reforms of the 19th and 20th centuries, the state organisation of the Ottoman Empire was a simple system that had two main dimensions, which were the military administration and the civil administration.


Premise: Who painted the Wedding, show at Salon des Independants in 1912?

Hypothesis: This technique of representing simultaneity, multiple viewpoints (or relative motion) is pushed to a high degree of complexity in Gleizes' monumental Le Dépiquage des Moissons (Harvest Threshing), exhibited at the 1912 Salon de la Section d'Or, Le Fauconnier’s Abundance shown at the Indépendants of 1911, and Delaunay's City of Paris, shown at the Indépendants in 1912.


Premise: In which year was the study published that found biodiversity and genetic diversity are codependent?

Hypothesis: A 2007 study conducted by the National Science Foundation found that biodiversity and genetic diversity are codependent—that diversity among species requires diversity within a species, and vice versa.


Premise: What day did the Oireachtas pass an act that started to establish Ireland as a republic?

Hypothesis: The next day, it passed the External Relations Act, which gave the monarch limited authority (strictly on the advice of the government) to appoint diplomatic representatives for Ireland and to be involved in the making of foreign treaties.


Premise: What dramatically changed naval combat in World War II?

Hypothesis: World War II in the Pacific Ocean involved clashes between aircraft carrier fleets.


Premise: What is Flora Gomes' most famous film?

Hypothesis: Gomes has also served on the boards of many Africa-centric film festivals.


Premise: How many members of the Banu Qurayza were beheaded after surrendering to Muhammad and his followers according to Tabari and Ibn Hisham?

Hypothesis: 600-900 members of the Banu Qurayza were beheaded after they surrendered (according to Tabari and Ibn Hisham).


Premise: Which mobile carrier became a sponsor of American Idol in its second season?

Hypothesis: Ford Motor Company and Coca-Cola were two of the first sponsors of American Idol in its first season.


Premise: What religion were all naturalists working at the two English universities?

Hypothesis: Some anatomists such as Robert Grant were influenced by Lamarck and Geoffroy, but most naturalists regarded their ideas of transmutation as a threat to divinely appointed social order.


Premise: On what date did the FDIC plan to open IndyMac Federal Bank, FSB?

Hypothesis: A bridge bank, IndyMac Federal Bank, FSB, was established to assume control of IndyMac Bank's assets, its secured liabilities, and its insured deposit accounts.


Premise: In what year did the General Slocum disaster occur?

Hypothesis: In 1911, the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory fire, the city's worst industrial disaster, took the lives of 146 garment workers and spurred the growth of the International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union and major improvements in factory safety standards.


Premise: What number sets are used to show how subgroups can be seen as translations of the larger group?

Hypothesis: Cosets are used to formalize this insight: a subgroup H defines left and right cosets, which can be thought of as translations of H by arbitrary group elements g.


Premise: What type of group were the "king's friends"?

Hypothesis: Party divisions "whether operating for good or evil, are things inseparable from free government".


Premise: When was the Wye College campus closed?

Hypothesis: In December 2005, Imperial announced a science park programme at the Wye campus, with extensive housing; however, this was abandoned in September 2006 following complaints that the proposal infringed on Areas of Outstanding Natural Beauty, and that the true scale of the scheme, which could have raised £110m for the College, was known to Kent and Ashford Councils and their consultants but concealed from the public.


Premise: What foreign programming is shown on the CBC after 1998?

Hypothesis: Until 1998, the network carried a variety of American programs in addition to its core Canadian programming, directly competing with private Canadian broadcasters such as CTV and Global.


Premise: Who tried to liberate the city in 1429?

Hypothesis: During the Hundred Years' War, the army of the Duke of Burgundy and a force of about two hundred English soldiers occupied Paris from May 1420 until 1436.


Premise: Beyonce was speaking about whom when she said her gift was "finding the best qualities in every human being."?

Hypothesis: Beyoncé said about her mother Tina Knowles that her gift was "finding the best qualities in every human being."


Premise: How many  Salvadorans  are in America now?

Hypothesis: As civil wars engulfed several Central American countries in the 1980s, hundreds of thousands of Salvadorans fled their country and came to the United States.


Premise: What is one invisible genetic trait?

Hypothesis: A gene is a locus (or region) of DNA that encodes a functional RNA or protein product, and is the molecular unit of heredity.:Glossary The transmission of genes to an organism's offspring is the basis of the inheritance of phenotypic traits.


Premise: When was the Battle of Chaeronea?

Hypothesis: He was elected Hegemon of the league, and a campaign against the Achaemenid Empire of Persia was planned.


Premise: What is the importance pertaining to the age of the hominid that was found in Eritrea?

Hypothesis: Dated to over 1 million years old, it is the oldest skeletal find of its kind and provides a link between hominids and the earliest anatomically modern humans.


Premise: Prey that can regrow leaves or arms have learned to deal with what?

Hypothesis: Kelp is frequently grazed in subtidal kelp forests, but regrows at the base of the blade continuously to cope with browsing pressure.


Premise: Who took Chopin's heart to Poland?

Hypothesis: Ludwika took Chopin's heart in an urn, preserved in alcohol, back to Poland in 1850.[n 9]


Premise: How many different words for the varieties of green exist in Latin?

Hypothesis: The Romans had a greater appreciation for the color green; it was the color of Venus, the goddess of gardens, vegetables and vineyards.


Premise: How does one become a full citizen in Burma ?

Hypothesis: Associate citizenship is given to those who cannot prove their ancestors settled in Myanmar before 1823, but can prove they have one grandparent, or pre-1823 ancestor, who was a citizen of another country, as well as people who applied for citizenship in 1948 and qualified then by those laws.


Premise: Who is one of the scholars that fled Cyprus during troubled times?

Hypothesis: Two chronicles, one written by Leontios Machairas and the other by Georgios Voustronios, cover the entire Middle Ages until the end of Frankish rule (4th century–1489).


Premise: What did Bronn do in his translation that went completely against what Darwin wanted in On the Origin of Species?

Hypothesis: He welcomed the distinguished elderly naturalist and geologist Heinrich Georg Bronn, but the German translation published in 1860 imposed Bronn's own ideas, adding controversial themes that Darwin had deliberately omitted.


Premise: What kind of art did Dale Chinuly make?

Hypothesis: The Oklahoma City Museum of Art contains the most comprehensive collection of glass sculptures by artist Dale Chihuly in the world, and Oklahoma City's National Cowboy and Western Heritage Museum documents the heritage of the American Western frontier.


Premise: What can be made from plant matter composed primarily of inedible celllose fibers thta form the stems and branches of most plants?

Hypothesis: Cellulosic ethanol can be made from plant matter composed primarily of inedible cellulose fibers that form the stems and branches of most plants.


Premise: Buddhism seeks to be neither pessimistic or optimistic, but what?

Hypothesis: Although the term is often translated as "suffering", its philosophical meaning is more analogous to "disquietude" as in the condition of being disturbed.


Premise: What percent of Georgia use Russian as their main language?

Hypothesis: In Georgia Russian has no official status, but it's recognised as a minority language under the Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities.


Premise: What percentage of the economy does agriculture comprise?

Hypothesis: Important Greek industries include tourism (with 14.9 million international tourists in 2009, it is ranked as the 7th most visited country in the European Union and 16th in the world by the United Nations World Tourism Organization) and merchant shipping (at 16.2% of the world's total capacity, the Greek merchant marine is the largest in the world), while the country is also a considerable agricultural producer (including fisheries) within the union.


Premise: Was there any debate about the voting process in Ohio?

Hypothesis: During the debate, no Senator argued that the outcome of the election should be changed by either court challenge or revote.


Premise: What is Today's annual cost of the Canadian Forces?

Hypothesis: The number of primary reserve personnel is expected to go up to 30,000 by 2020, and the number of active to at least 70,000.


Premise: Where did Chopin head to during the Revolution of 1848?

Hypothesis: In April, during the Revolution of 1848 in Paris, he left for London, where he performed at several concerts and at numerous receptions in great houses.


Premise: What are both houses of the Swiss Parliament collectively known as when both are in joint session?

Hypothesis: When both houses are in joint session, they are known collectively as the Federal Assembly.


Premise: What type of plant is cotton?

Hypothesis: Cotton is a perennial crop in the tropics, and without defoliation or freezing, the plant will continue to grow.


Premise: Who revealed the starting points of this evolution to be economic deterioration and political confusion?

Hypothesis: A history of devaluation of the group that becomes the victim, past violence against the group that becomes the perpetrator leading to psychological wounds, authoritarian cultures and political systems, and the passivity of internal and external witnesses (bystanders) all contribute to the probability that the violence develops into genocide.


Premise: The structure also reinforced Moltke's ability control large formations spread out over what?

Hypothesis: The structure also greatly strengthened Moltke's ability to control large formations spread out over significant distances.


Premise: How long was Jesus hung for?

Hypothesis: He was then hung for six hours (according to Mark's Gospel) between two convicted thieves.


Premise: Who wrote the novel Stover at Yale?

Hypothesis: Yale University also is featured in F. Scott Fitzgerald's novel "The Great Gatsby".


Premise: Who elected consuls in the Roman government?

Hypothesis: Over time, the laws that gave patricians exclusive rights to Rome's highest offices were repealed or weakened, and leading plebeian families became full members of the aristocracy.


Premise: Ghorala is another word for what?

Hypothesis: The possessed individual is referred to as a ghorala ("mount").


Premise: How many teams played in the 2011 domestic Samoan rugby league competition?

Hypothesis: The 2011 domestic Samoan rugby league competition contained 10 teams with plans to expand to 12 in 2012.


Premise: What percentage of New Haven's economy is based in services grounded in health care and education?

Hypothesis: Today, over half (56%) of the city's economy is now made up of services, in particular education and health care; Yale is the city's largest employer, followed by Yale – New Haven Hospital.


Premise: Who did a US drone kill in Sep 2009?

Hypothesis: In September 2009, a U.S. Drone strike reportedly killed Ilyas Kashmiri, who was the chief of Harkat-ul-Jihad al-Islami, a Kashmiri militant group associated with Al-Qaeda.


Premise: What was the overarching Prussian motive in starting a war with France?

Hypothesis: This aim was epitomized by Prussian Chancellor Otto von Bismarck's later statement: "I did not doubt that a Franco-German war must take place before the construction of a United Germany could be realised.


Premise: What is one way that vegetarians and vegans obtain zinc?

Hypothesis: There is some evidence to suggest that more than the US RDA (15 mg) of zinc daily may be needed in those whose diet is high in phytates, such as some vegetarians.


Premise: In what year was the National Review founded?

Hypothesis: The National Review, a conservative magazine published in the city since its founding by William F. Buckley, Jr. in 1955, commented, "By hearkening back to New York's heart after 9/11, for a moment Trump transcended politics.


Premise: What type of materialism defined the Marxist philosophy?

Hypothesis: During the 19th century, Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels extended the concept of materialism to elaborate a materialist conception of history centered on the roughly empirical world of human activity (practice, including labor) and the institutions created, reproduced, or destroyed by that activity (see materialist conception of history).


Premise: What type of the converter was used in hungarian locomotives of that time?

Hypothesis: The locomotives carried a four-pole rotating phase converter feeding a single traction motor of the polyphase induction type at 600 to 1,100 V.


Premise: What was the 106 mile push through enemy territory called?

Hypothesis: "Task Force Lynch" (after Lieutenant Colonel James H. Lynch), 3rd Battalion, 7th Cavalry Regiment, and two 70th Tank Battalion units (Charlie Company and the Intelligence–Reconnaissance Platoon) effected the "Pusan Perimeter Breakout" through 106.4 miles (171.2 km) of enemy territory to join the 7th Infantry Division at Osan.


Premise: What type of light gun dealt with aircraft up to 6000 ft.?

Hypothesis: The light guns, about half of which were of the excellent Bofors 40 mm, dealt with aircraft only up to 6,000 ft (1,800 m).


Premise: What type of music comes from the popular Gelugpa school?

Hypothesis: Other styles include those unique to the various schools of Tibetan Buddhism, such as the classical music of the popular Gelugpa school, and the romantic music of the Nyingmapa, Sakyapa and Kagyupa schools.


Premise: How many people were arrested with Kerry?

Hypothesis: Kerry and the other protesters later paid a $5 fine, and were released.


Premise: In what year did Sony and Philips band together to design a new digital audio disc?

Hypothesis: As a result, in 1979, Sony and Philips set up a joint task force of engineers to design a new digital audio disc.


Premise: In what year was the Formosa Resolution passed?

Hypothesis: Congress agreed to his request in 1955 for the Formosa Resolution, which obliged the U.S. to militarily support the pro-Western Republic of China in Taiwan and continue the isolation of the People's Republic of China.


Premise: When were the first greenhouses used?

Hypothesis: Greenhouses remain an important part of horticulture today, and plastic transparent materials have also been used to similar effect in polytunnels and row covers.


Premise: When was Chiswick House designed?

Hypothesis: At the forefront of the new school of design was the aristocratic "architect earl", Richard Boyle, 3rd Earl of Burlington; in 1729, he and William Kent, designed Chiswick House.


Premise: Who was the Warsaw Ballroom's house DJ?

Hypothesis: The scene in SoBe, along with a bustling secondhand market for electronic instruments and turntables, had a strong democratizing effect, offering amateur, "bedroom" DJs the opportunity to become proficient and popular as both music players and producers, regardless of the whims of the professional music and club industries.


Premise: Which suras in the Quran are particularly rhythmic?

Hypothesis: Rhyme, while found throughout the Quran, is conspicuous in many of the earlier Meccan suras, in which relatively short verses throw the rhyming words into prominence.


Premise: What did the rise in sea levels open in the seaways?

Hypothesis: The divided world would give opportunity for the diversification of new dinosaurs.


Premise: What other country designed similar systems to the Predictor?

Hypothesis: The Kerrison was fairly simple, but it pointed the way to future generations that incorporated radar, first for ranging and later for tracking.


Premise: How many people are affected by zinc deficiency?

Hypothesis: Zinc deficiency affects about two billion people in the developing world and is associated with many diseases.


Premise: What is the essential difference in radio waves transmitted by an antenna?

Hypothesis: An antenna transmits and receives radio waves with a particular polarization which can be reoriented by tilting the axis of the antenna in many (but not all) cases.


Premise: When did Seoul Semiconductor release the first high DC voltage LED?

Hypothesis: LEDs have been developed by Seoul Semiconductor that can operate on AC power without the need for a DC converter.


Premise: How did the invading British army do at St. Malo?

Hypothesis: An army was assembled under the command of Charles Spencer, 3rd Duke of Marlborough; he was aided by Lord George Sackville.


Premise: What are a couple of styles of combat based on?

Hypothesis: Taking the form of live events held by touring promotions, it portrays a unique style of combat based on a combination of adopted styles, which include classical wrestling, catch wrestling and various forms of martial arts, as well as an innovative style based on grappling (holds/throws), striking, and aerialism.


Premise: What is theavoidance of unwholesome actions and the cultivation of positive actions called?

Hypothesis: actions produce "seeds" in the mind that come to fruition either in this life or in a subsequent rebirth.


Premise: Who is the chief vote counter for party?

Hypothesis: Within the House Republican Conference, the chief deputy whip is the highest appointed position and often a launching pad for future positions in the House Leadership.


Premise: Who was the oldest man to become President prior to Eisenhower?

Hypothesis: Eisenhower was the last president born in the 19th century, and at age 62, was the oldest man elected President since James Buchanan in 1856 (President Truman stood at 64 in 1948 as the incumbent president at the time of his election four years earlier).


Premise: Which countries signed ACTA?

Hypothesis: The ACTA trade agreement, signed in May 2011 by the United States, Japan, Switzerland, and the EU, and which has not entered into force, requires that its parties add criminal penalties, including incarceration and fines, for copyright and trademark infringement, and obligated the parties to active police for infringement.


Premise: When were Beyoncé and Jay Z married?

Hypothesis: In April 2011, Beyoncé and Jay Z traveled to Paris in order to shoot the album cover for her 4, and unexpectedly became pregnant in Paris.


Premise: Where is the military Ocean Terminal Sunny Point stationed?

Hypothesis: Also stationed in North Carolina is the Military Ocean Terminal Sunny Point in Southport.


Premise: Why is duck more common than other poultry in the east society ??

Hypothesis: In the Western world, ducks are not as popular as chickens, because the latter produce larger quantities of white, lean meat and are easier to keep intensively, making the price of chicken meat lower than that of duck meat.


Premise: Name four sound profiles that would result in bass distortion on pre-2007 iPods.

Hypothesis: For all iPods released in 2006 and earlier, some equalizer (EQ) sound settings would distort the bass sound far too easily, even on undemanding songs.


Premise: In addition to social and cultural characteristics, what else is taken into account for race classification in the US census?

Hypothesis: The racial categories represent a social-political construct for the race or races that respondents consider themselves to be and "generally reflect a social definition of race recognized in this country.


Premise: What "Arsenal" was Detroit a part of ?

Hypothesis: Detroit's auto industry, some of which was converted to wartime defense production, was an important element of the American "Arsenal of Democracy" supporting the Allied powers during World War II.


Premise: How many days did Henry Hudson spend exploring the region?

Hypothesis: In 1609, English explorer Henry Hudson re-discovered the region when he sailed his ship the Halve Maen ("Half Moon" in Dutch) into New York Harbor while searching for the Northwest Passage to the Orient for his employer, the Dutch East India Company.


Premise: In addition to being carbon neutral, what other adjective describes wood that makes it compelling as a renewable energy source?

Hypothesis: As an abundant, carbon-neutral renewable resource, woody materials have been of intense interest as a source of renewable energy.


Premise: Adolescent cultural differences are especially visible in which type of autonomy?

Hypothesis: The degree to which adolescents are perceived as autonomous beings varies widely by culture, as do the behaviors that represent this emerging autonomy.


Premise: rather than emigrate African Americans wanted to do what?

Hypothesis: Most African Americans, who were native-born by this time, wanted to improve conditions in the United States rather than emigrate.


Premise: Who began moderating the use of Hanja?

Hypothesis: However, it is also said that the authorities implore students not to use the characters in public.


Premise: What is the mission of the organizations?

Hypothesis: North Korea is frequently listed among the world’s worst offenders against human rights.


Premise: Who began probing Nintendo's business?

Hypothesis: The United States Department of Justice and several states began probing Nintendo's business practices, leading to the involvement of Congress and the Federal Trade Commission (FTC).


Premise: What is the largest Swiss Reformed church in Switzerland?

Hypothesis: It includes the entire Old Town, which is also a UNESCO World Heritage Site, and many sites within and around it.


Premise: What is the level called that the special Amiibo will unlock?

Hypothesis: Link and Toon Link replenish arrows, Zelda and Sheik restore Link's health, and Ganondorf causes Link to take twice as much damage.


Premise: From what part of England did Bede come?

Hypothesis: The shape of European monasticism was determined by traditions and ideas that originated with the Desert Fathers of Egypt and Syria.


Premise: What was the name of the first single that Fantasia released after winning American Idol?

Hypothesis: Fantasia went on to gain some successes as a recording artist, while Hudson, who placed seventh, became the only Idol contestant so far to win both an Academy Award and a Grammy.


Premise: Generally, when is courtship feeding and billing performed between partners?

Hypothesis: Breeding usually involves some form of courtship display, typically performed by the male.


Premise: What did white fathers do after the American Revolution to provide for mixed children?

Hypothesis: This overturned the principle in English common law by which a man gave his status to his children – this had enabled communities to demand that fathers support their children, whether legitimate or not.


Premise: One of the first "age hardening" alloys used were called?

Hypothesis: Although an explanation for the phenomenon was not provided until 1919, duralumin was one of the first "age hardening" alloys to be used, and was soon followed by many others.


Premise: What style did was little represented in British colonies?

Hypothesis: Perhaps the best remaining house is the pristine Hammond-Harwood House (1774) in Annapolis, Maryland, designed by the colonial architect William Buckland and modelled on the Villa Pisani at Montagnana, Italy as depicted in Andrea Palladio's I quattro libri


Premise: When did stained glass make a big comeback?

Hypothesis: With the Renaissance, and a change in architectural style, the use of large stained glass windows became less prevalent.


Premise: What makes bacteria resistant to antibiotic treatment?

Hypothesis: The most common fatal bacterial diseases are respiratory infections, with tuberculosis alone killing about 2 million people per year, mostly in sub-Saharan Africa.


Premise: With what other hiphop artist did Kanye collaborate with?

Hypothesis: Following a headlining set at Coachella 2011 that was described by The Hollywood Reporter as "one of greatest hip-hop sets of all time", West released the collaborative album Watch the Throne with Jay-Z.


Premise: What two targets were the Luftwaffe trying to destroy?

Hypothesis: On 15 September the Luftwaffe made two large daylight attacks on London along the Thames Estuary, targeting the docks and rail communications in the city.


Premise: Bees can detect what kind of light?

Hypothesis: There are a variety of different mechanisms by which insects perceive sound, while the patterns are not universal, insects can generally hear sound if they can produce it.


Premise: What type of diversity showed an overall exponential trend?

Hypothesis: This dramatic rise in diversity was marked by periodic, massive losses of diversity classified as mass extinction events.


Premise: Which Eastern Nigerian tribe is 98% Christian?

Hypothesis: Among Christians, the Pew Research survey found that 74% were Protestant, 25% were Catholic, and 1% belonged to other Christian denominations, including a small Orthodox Christian community.


Premise: Who was the Durango governor?

Hypothesis: Extra powers were conferred on the Durango governor, Santiago Baca Ortiz, deputy to the first national congress, and leader of the liberal party.


Premise: What other countries have successful democracies?

Hypothesis: To date, the term “rule of law” has been used primarily in the English-speaking countries, and it is not yet fully clarified even with regard to such well-established democracies as, for instance, Sweden, Denmark, France, Germany, or Japan.


Premise: Who was Chopin's initial piano teacher?

Hypothesis: It quickly became apparent that he was a child prodigy.


Premise: "Crisis" comes from a Greek word meaning what?

Hypothesis: Baptist historian Walter Shurden says the word "crisis" comes from the Greek word meaning "to decide.


Premise: What does symbolic reference link appearance with?

Hypothesis: In higher organisms (like people), these two modes of perception combine into what Whitehead terms "symbolic reference", which links appearance with causation in a process that is so automatic that both people and animals have difficulty refraining from it.


Premise: To where did Chinese troops withdraw?

Hypothesis: Although China won the war, Chinese troops withdrew north of the McMahon Line, effectively ceding South Tibet to India.


Premise: Who took charge of Yerevan in November of 1988?

Hypothesis: On November 25, 1988, a military commandant took control of Yerevan as the Soviet government moved to prevent further ethnic violence.


Premise: Napoleon's political power was secured by his victory at which 1800 battle?

Hypothesis: Napoleon shattered this coalition with decisive victories in the Ulm Campaign and a historic triumph at the Battle of Austerlitz, which led to the elimination of the Holy Roman Empire.


Premise: How much of the university's total annual electric bill is represented by the green power commitment?

Hypothesis: This green power commitment represents 30 percent of the university's total annual electricity use and places Northwestern in the EPA's Green Power Leadership Club.


Premise: What title did Barcelona win in 1999?

Hypothesis: Despite this domestic success, the failure to emulate Real Madrid in the Champions League led to van Gaal and Núñez resigning in 2000.


Premise: How much money was the move to satellite worth to the station over the following half decade?

Hypothesis: In March 2003 the BBC announced that from the end of May 2003 (subsequently deferred to 14 July) it intended to transmit all eight of its domestic television channels (including the 15 regional variations of BBC 1) unencrypted from the Astra 2D satellite.


Premise: What was the custom for those wearing shoes indoors in the Ottoman empire?

Hypothesis: The art of carpet weaving was particularly significant in the Ottoman Empire, carpets having an immense importance both as decorative furnishings, rich in religious and other symbolism, and as a practical consideration, as it was customary to remove one's shoes in living quarters.


Premise: What is a person called who does the initial pencil work for the artwork?

Hypothesis: While comics are often the work of a single creator, the labour of making them is frequently divided between a number of specialists.


Premise: When ingested in large amounts what does copper salts produce in humans?

Hypothesis: A minimum dietary value for healthy growth in rabbits has been reported to be at least 3 ppm in the diet.


Premise: What is the southern edge of the Catalina Foothills area?

Hypothesis: Also on the north side is the suburban community of Catalina Foothills, located in the foothills of the Santa Catalina Mountains just north of the city limits.


Premise: When did John von Neumann die?

Hypothesis: ; December 28, 1903 – February 8, 1957) was a Hungarian-American pure and applied mathematician, physicist, inventor, computer scientist, and polymath.


Premise: To which states' election laws are Seattle's law and ballots similar?

Hypothesis: Federally, Seattle is part of Washington's 7th congressional district, represented by Democrat Jim McDermott, elected in 1988 and one of Congress's liberal members.


Premise: When was Madonna named "Artist of the Decade" by MTV, Billboard and Musician Magazine?

Hypothesis: By the end of the 1980s, Madonna was named as the "Artist of the Decade" by MTV, Billboard and Musician magazine.


Premise: Who did the constituent college belong to?

Hypothesis: In 1907, the newly established Board of Education found that greater capacity for higher technical education was needed and a proposal to merge the City and Guilds College, the Royal School of Mines and the Royal College of Science was approved and passed, creating The Imperial College of Science and Technology as a constituent college of the University of London.


Premise: How much money was invested in MAPS by 2010?

Hypothesis: MAPS has become one of the most successful public-private partnerships undertaken in the U.S., exceeding $3 billion in private investment as of 2010.


Premise: On what date was the office of President of the RSFSR created?

Hypothesis: During an unsuccessful coup attempt on August 19–21, 1991 in Moscow, the capital of the Soviet Union and Russia, President of Russia Yeltsin strongly supported the President of the Soviet Union, Mikhail Gorbachev.


Premise: How long can an anesthetic, at max, relieve pain for, despite wearing off in only hours?

Hypothesis: Vigorous vibration or electrical stimulation of the stump, or current from electrodes surgically implanted onto the spinal cord, all produce relief in some patients.


Premise: Along with Frank Sinatra, Doris Day, Johnny Mathis, Nat King Cole, and Perry Como, who was a prominent early adult contemporary radio artist?

Hypothesis: Initially, the vocalists consisted of artists such as Frank Sinatra, Doris Day, Johnny Mathis, Connie Francis, Nat King Cole, Perry Como, and others.


Premise: What was the nickname given to Queen Victoria because all of her children married into noble families?

Hypothesis: Their nine children married into royal and noble families across the continent, tying them together and earning her the sobriquet "the grandmother of Europe".


Premise: Which enlightened despot was so over-enthusiastic that revolts broke out and nearly all of his programs were reversed?

Hypothesis: They included Frederick the Great of Prussia, Catherine the Great of Russia, Leopold II of Tuscany, and Joseph II of Austria.


Premise: Who was responsible for 2/3 of all recordings in the 1930s?

Hypothesis: Amplifiers and cutters both using negative feedback were employed thereby improving the range of frequencies cut and lowering distortion levels.


Premise: What is the 3rd mark of existence?

Hypothesis: Not-self (Pāli: anatta; Sanskrit: anātman) is the third mark of existence.


Premise: When did Fidel Castro overthrow the Cuban government?

Hypothesis: Several decades later in 1959, the corrupt Cuban government of U.S.-backed Fulgencio Batista was overthrown by Fidel Castro.


Premise: Why do the cellular hosts of some viruses not have to wait for transcription to synthesize their proteins?

Hypothesis: Because they use RNA to store genes, their cellular hosts may synthesize their proteins as soon as they are infected and without the delay in waiting for transcription.


Premise: Who composed the La conquista della Spagne di Scipione Afriacano il giovance?

Hypothesis: Antonio Maria Bononcini composed La conquista delle Spagne di Scipione Africano il giovane in 1707 and George Frideric Handel composed Alexander Balus in 1748.


Premise: What kind of leaflets were dropped?

Hypothesis: Operations were carried out every night thereafter.


Premise: After 1949 where did Elizabeth live in London?

Hypothesis: At various times between 1949 and 1951, the Duke of Edinburgh was stationed in the British Crown Colony of Malta as a serving Royal Navy officer.


Premise: Where was Mary represented (according to the Holy document ) on the vessel that wandered the sea for forty days and forty nights ?

Hypothesis: The papal bull defining the dogma, Ineffabilis Deus, mentioned in particular the patrististic interpretation of Genesis 3:15 as referring to a woman, Mary, who would be eternally at enmity with the evil serpent and completely triumphing over him.


Premise: A Pirani gauge is accurate within what ranges?

Hypothesis: In this type of gauge, a wire filament is heated by running current through it.


Premise: What percentage of the population now practices Islam?

Hypothesis: Most of Guinea-Bissau's Muslims are of the Sunni denomination with approximately 2% belonging to the Ahmadiyya sect.


Premise: Where were the empire's law schools?

Hypothesis: Both systems were taught at the Empire's law schools, which were in Istanbul and Bursa.


Premise: Who was said to have canceled an official trip to China in protest?

Hypothesis: The Indian media responded angrily to the news that the ambassador, a distinguished lady diplomat, was summoned to the Foreign Ministry at 2 am local time; the news was later denied by anonymous sources in Delhi.


Premise: Where was John buried?

Hypothesis: John's illness grew worse and by the time he reached Newark Castle he was unable to travel any farther; John died on the night of 18 October.


Premise: In what year did OMB revise the standards for race and ethnicity classifications?

Hypothesis: OMB developed race and ethnic standards in order to provide "consistent data on race and ethnicity throughout the Federal Government.


Premise: How many standards did Napoleon's army capture in the Italian campaign?

Hypothesis: The French army fought 67 actions and won 18 pitched battles through superior artillery technology and Bonaparte's tactics.


Premise: How many papers did Von Neumann publish?

Hypothesis: He published 150 papers in his life; 60 in pure mathematics, 20 in physics, and 60 in applied mathematics.


Premise: How high are the minarets on the Charminar?

Hypothesis: Most of the historical bazaars that still exist were constructed on the street north of Charminar towards Golconda fort.


Premise: A biography on Chopin released under Franz Liszt's name was likely written by who?

Hypothesis: The biography of Chopin published in 1863 under the name of Franz Liszt (but probably written by Carolyne zu Sayn-Wittgenstein) claims that Chopin "must be ranked first among the first musicians ... individualizing in themselves the poetic sense of an entire nation."


Premise: What is now the German dialects of speech now referred as to?

Hypothesis: The French language never really managed, however, to win over the masses, the vast majority of whom continued to speak their German dialects and write in German (which we would now call "standard German").[citation needed]


Premise: For what practice did the first Protestants criticize the Roman Catholics?

Hypothesis: During the Age of the Enlightenment any residual interest in Mary within Protestant churches almost disappeared, although Anglicans and Lutherans continued to honor her.


Premise: What type of clothing did Paul VI enact reform on?

Hypothesis: At the same time, the members of the College of Cardinals lost some of their previous influences, after Paul VI decreed, that not only cardinals but also bishops too may participate in committees of the Roman Curia.


Premise: What League was Polybius a statesman?

Hypothesis: While a few fragments exist, there is no surviving historical work which dates to the hundred years following Alexander's death.


Premise: In what year did the general public first get access to the internet in Hyderabad?

Hypothesis: Hyderabad's first dial-up internet access became available in the early 1990s and was limited to software development companies.


Premise: What is another word for express powers?

Hypothesis: The federal government has certain express powers (also called enumerated powers) which are powers spelled out in the Constitution, including the right to levy taxes, declare war, and regulate interstate and foreign commerce.


Premise: What percentage of households use solar hot water systems in Israel and Cyprus?

Hypothesis: Israel and Cyprus are the per capita leaders in the use of solar hot water systems with over 90% of homes using them.


Premise: When was 'Bridge of Spies' set?

Hypothesis: Spielberg directed 2015's Bridge of Spies, a Cold War thriller based on the 1960 U-2 incident, and focusing on James B. Donovan's negotiations with the Soviets for the release of pilot Gary Powers after his aircraft was shot down over Soviet territory.


Premise: What was the name of the treaty signed by France and Austria on 26 December?

Hypothesis: France and Austria agreed to an armistice immediately and the Treaty of Pressburg followed shortly after on 26 December.


Premise: What is date of the Battle of Swienta?

Hypothesis: The wars had reduced the Estonian population from about 250–300,000 people before the Livonian War to 120–140,000 in the 1620s.


Premise: When did Oda Nobunaga die?

Hypothesis: He died in 1582 when one of his generals, Akechi Mitsuhide, turned upon him with his army.


Premise: What was the time span of the Early Modern period?

Hypothesis: It should be noted that the identification of a university was not necessarily obvious during the Early Modern period, as the term is applied to a burgeoning number of institutions.


Premise: What nationality is stated as the one Frédéric felt most identified by?

Hypothesis: Chopin's biographer Adam Zamoyski writes that he never considered himself to be French, despite his father's French origins, and always saw himself as a Pole.


Premise: What percentage of Estonian Russians have though of going back to Russia?

Hypothesis: Estonian Russians have developed their own identity – more than half of the respondents recognised that Estonian Russians differ noticeably from the Russians in Russia.


Premise: What term is used for the act of using Church of Scientology techniques in contrast to what Hubbard envisioned?

Hypothesis: The Religious Technology Center has prosecuted breakaway groups that have practiced Scientology outside the official Church without authorization.


Premise: what diet did the mammals switch to from browsing diets?

Hypothesis: The grasslands provided a new niche for mammals, including many ungulates and glires, that switched from browsing diets to grazing diets.


Premise: What is 238U?

Hypothesis: Another fissile isotope, uranium-233, can be produced from natural thorium and is also important in nuclear technology.


Premise: What showed RAF night fighter effectiveness was increasing?

Hypothesis: The last major attack on London was on 10/11 May 1941, on which the Luftwaffe flew 571 sorties and dropped 800 tonnes of bombs.


Premise: When did a Mali conflict begin?

Hypothesis: The conflict in northern Mali began in January 2012 with radical Islamists (affiliated to al-Qaeda) advancing into northern Mali.


Premise: In what year was Somerset House designed?

Hypothesis: Somerset House in London, designed by Sir William Chambers in 1776 for government offices, was as magnificent as any country house, though never quite finished, as funds ran out.


Premise: When did Tibet become part of Qing China?

Hypothesis: Qinghai was also put under direct control of the Qing court.


Premise: What is Torrence's 1989 theory about that ties into tool kit variability ?

Hypothesis: These results support Torrence's (1989) theory that risk of failure is indeed the most important factor in determining the structure of hunter-gatherer toolkits.


Premise: When and who abolished the serfdom?

Hypothesis: Serfdom was abolished in Russian Poland on February 19, 1864.


Premise: What is Nigeria's branded electronics manufacturer?

Hypothesis: In this regard, some foreign vehicle manufacturing companies like Nissan have made known their plans to have manufacturing plants in Nigeria.


Premise: Which side is more urban and fashionable?

Hypothesis: The city is bisected geographically and culturally by the North Canadian River, which basically divides North Oklahoma City and South Oklahoma City.


Premise: When did Britain announce plans to withdraw from Palestine?

Hypothesis: The matter was complicated by large numbers of Jewish refugees seeking to be admitted to Palestine following the Holocaust, while Arabs were opposed to the creation of a Jewish state.


Premise: Maintaining that the ropes all have equal tension may reduce what?

Hypothesis: Rope tension equalization may be achieved using a rope tension gauge, and is a simple way to extend the lifetime of the sheaves and ropes.


Premise: What property of wood could we project some indication of by looking at its density?

Hypothesis: In specimens that show a very large proportion of latewood it may be noticeably more porous and weigh considerably less than the latewood in pieces that contain but little.


Premise: Some thought that King Edward VII's redecoration choices were at odds with whose prior work?

Hypothesis: Buckingham Palace—the Ballroom, Grand Entrance, Marble Hall, Grand Staircase, vestibules and galleries redecorated in the Belle époque cream and gold colour scheme they retain today—once again became a setting for entertaining on a majestic scale but leaving some to feel King Edward's heavy redecorations were at odds with Nash's original work.


Premise: one voice records released a remix of what dada nada song in 1989?

Hypothesis: In 1989, the L.A. based, former EBN-OZN singer/rapper Robert Ozn started indie house label One Voice Records, releasing the Mike "Hitman" Wilson remix of Dada Nada's "Haunted House," which garnered instant club and mix show radio play in Chicago, Detroit and New York as well as in the U.K. and France.


Premise: What type of element would be used to encounter less reactance?

Hypothesis: However this understanding does not apply to resonant antennas where the resistance involved is the radiation resistance, a desired quantity which removes energy from the resonant element in order to radiate it (the purpose of an antenna, after all!).


Premise: What is the most substantial part of a birds antomy as it apples to consupmtion og the meat?

Hypothesis: The meatiest parts of a bird are the flight muscles on its chest, called "breast" meat, and the walking muscles on the legs, called the "thigh" and "drumstick".


Premise: What is the name of the main principles of Protestantism?

Hypothesis: Some Protestant denominations are less accepting of other denominations, and the basic orthodoxy of some is questioned by most of the others.


Premise: What were the eggs called that the Digimon were hatched from?

Hypothesis: The effect of Digivolution, however, is not permanent in the partner Digimon of the main characters in the anime, and Digimon who have digivolved will most of the time revert to their previous form after a battle or if they are too weak to continue.


Premise: List two alternatives to rotary stepper motors in printer applications.

Hypothesis: Stepper motors were and still are often used in computer printers, optical scanners, and digital photocopiers to move the optical scanning element, the print head carriage (of dot matrix and inkjet printers), and the platen or feed rollers.


Premise: What portion of the world is considered to be most at risk for the rapid spread of the avian flu?

Hypothesis: In general, avian influenza is a disease of birds caused by bird-specific influenza A virus that is not normally transferred to people; however, people in contact with live poultry are at the greatest risk of becoming infected with the virus and this is of particular concern in areas such as Southeast Asia, where the disease is endemic in the wild bird population and domestic poultry can become infected.


Premise: What does the Stefan-Boltzmann law state?

Hypothesis: It still was not clear why the spectrum of a hot object had the form that it has (see diagram).


Premise: When did Roman Catholicism become suppressed?

Hypothesis: Within the borders of modern Thuringia the Roman Catholic faith only survived in the Eichsfeld district, which was ruled by the Archbishop of Mainz, and to a small degree in Erfurt and its immediate vicinity.


Premise: What main road leads to the airport?

Hypothesis: In the late 1970s many arterial roads were redesigned as ejes viales; high-volume one-way roads that cross, in theory, Mexico City proper from side to side.


Premise: Most make insects contain a pair of what?

Hypothesis: A portion of the vas deferens is often enlarged to form the seminal vesicle, which stores the sperm before they are discharged into the female.


Premise: Victor Hugo and what other author helped judge the Volta Prize in 1880?

Hypothesis: The Volta Prize was conceived by Napoleon Bonaparte in 1801, and named in honor of Alessandro Volta, with Bell receiving the third grand prize in its history.


Premise: Under which agreement are Detroit's major newspapers published?

Hypothesis: In March 2009, the two newspapers reduced home delivery to three days a week, print reduced newsstand issues of the papers on non-delivery days and focus resources on Internet-based news delivery.


Premise: On what day did the 1975 constitutional crisis deadlock end?

Hypothesis: Following the 1974–75 Loans Affair, the Malcolm Fraser led Liberal-Country Party Coalition argued that the Whitlam Government was incompetent and delayed passage of the Government's money bills in the Senate, until the government would promise a new election.


Premise: When was the Nea Moni Monastery established?

Hypothesis: The exceptional mosaic decoration of the dome showing probably the nine orders of the angels was destroyed in 1822 but other panels survived (Theotokos with raised hands, four evangelists with seraphim, scenes from Christ's life and an interesting Anastasis where King Salomon bears resemblance to Constantine Monomachos).


Premise: How many times between 1908 and 1925 was Gamper president?

Hypothesis: Hans Gamper — now known as Joan Gamper — became club president in 1908, finding the club in financial difficulty after not winning a competition since the Campionat de Catalunya in 1905.


Premise: Who was the developer of the Milanese mandolin?

Hypothesis: A developer of the Milanese stye was Antonio Monzino (Milan) and his family who made them for 6 generations.


Premise: When does Ye Olde Trip to Jerusalem claim to have been founded?

Hypothesis: Ye Olde Trip to Jerusalem in Nottingham is claimed to be the "oldest inn in England".


Premise: When did the Beidou system begin operating in China?

Hypothesis: " The system became operational in the China region that same month.


Premise: What are some examples of this?

Hypothesis: Notable examples are The Universal Party, International Workingmen's Association (also called the First International), the Socialist International (also called the Second International), the Communist International (also called the Third International), and the Fourth International, as organizations of working class parties, or the Liberal International (yellow),


Premise: About how much area do forests cover the state?

Hypothesis: Forests cover approximately 25 percent of the state.


Premise: What is Neptune's clouds competition variants dependent on?

Hypothesis: The upper-level clouds lie at pressures below one bar, where the temperature is suitable for methane to condense.


Premise: What is the acronym for Tennessee's statewide criminal investigation agency?

Hypothesis: The TBI maintains state-of-the-art investigative facilities and is the primary state-level criminal investigative department.


Premise: How often is the Grand prix du disque de F. Chopin for notable Chopin recordings held?

Hypothesis: The Warsaw Chopin Society organizes the Grand prix du disque de F. Chopin for notable Chopin recordings, held every five years.


Premise: How much of the Bronx was non-Hispanic white as of 1980?

Hypothesis: However, non-Hispanic whites formed under one-eighth (12.1%) of the population, down from 34.4% in 1980.


Premise: Who organized the flotilla?

Hypothesis: IHH, which organized the flotilla, is a Turkish charity that has been challenged on ties to Hamas and Al-Qaeda.


Premise: The county's first football team is

Hypothesis: They had achieved numerous FA Cup victories over football League sides in the past 50 years, and since joining the elite they have won promotion again—as League Two champions in 2005.


Premise: When was JFK shot?

Hypothesis: For example, the FRC in Lenexa, Kansas holds items from the treatment of John F. Kennedy after his fatal shooting in 1963.


Premise: How many equity theaters does Seattle have?

Hypothesis: Seattle has "around 100" theatrical production companies and over two dozen live theatre venues, many of them associated with fringe theatre; Seattle is probably second only to New York for number of equity theaters (28 Seattle theater companies have some sort of Actors' Equity contract).


Premise: What would DST delay if observed during the Muslim holy month?

Hypothesis: Most Muslim countries do not use DST, partially for this reason.


Premise: What is the title of the book and movie about the Mogadishu uprising?

Hypothesis: Eighteen American soldiers were killed, and a US television crew filmed graphic images of the body of one soldier being dragged through the streets by an angry mob.


Premise: When did Valencian regain its offical status?

Hypothesis: Valencian recovered its official status, prestige and use in education after the transition to democracy in 1978.


Premise: Bell's patent was for the method and what for transmitting vocal and other sounds telegraphically?

Hypothesis: Bell's patent covered "the method of, and apparatus for, transmitting vocal or other sounds telegraphically ... by causing electrical undulations, similar in form to the vibrations of the air accompanying the said vocal or other sound" [N 16]


Premise: Along with myrrh and spices, what important luxury did ancient Somali merchants provide?

Hypothesis: In antiquity, the ancestors of the Somali people were an important link in the Horn of Africa connecting the region's commerce with the rest of the ancient world.


Premise: What group did France split Vietnam with?

Hypothesis: After France and the Communists agreed to a partition of Vietnam, Eisenhower rejected the agreement, offering military and economic aid to southern Vietnam.


Premise: According to the author, who would have particular trouble in accepting that reality is fundamentally mental?

Hypothesis: It is difficult for the matter-of-fact physicist to accept the view that the substratum of everything is of mental character.


Premise: Greater self-awareness, greater awareness of others, and the ability to consider multiple possiblities at once are examples of what kind of developments?

Hypothesis: Early in adolescence, cognitive developments result in greater self-awareness, greater awareness of others and their thoughts and judgments, the ability to think about abstract, future possibilities, and the ability to consider multiple possibilities at once.


Premise: What term in higher education refers to technical universities that award engineering degrees?

Hypothesis: Historically there were two Politecnici, one in each of the two largest industrial cities of the north:


Premise: How many students were in institutions of higher education in Russia in 1974?

Hypothesis: The economy of Russia became heavily industrialized, accounting for about two-thirds of the electricity produced in the USSR.


Premise: What does this process form?

Hypothesis: In its turn, under anaerobic conditions, the ferrous hydroxide (Fe(OH)_2 ) can be oxidized by the protons of water to form magnetite and molecular hydrogen.


Premise: What kind of software is Lynx?

Hypothesis: Lynx itself provided hypertext browsing and navigation prior to Tim Berners Lee's invention of HTTP and HTML.


Premise: What did some socialists bring up as a rebuttal to Hayek's resource distribution argument?

Hypothesis: Some socialists such as H. D. Dickinson and Oskar Lange, responded by invoking general equilibrium theory, which they argued disproved Mises's thesis.


Premise: What element would this pure resistance be coupled with?

Hypothesis: By adding an inductance in series with the antenna, a so-called loading coil, the capacitive reactance of this antenna can be cancelled leaving a pure resistance which can then be matched to the transmission line.


Premise: Why can't those countries compete?

Hypothesis: Welsh sides that play in English leagues are eligible, although since the creation of the League of Wales there are only six clubs remaining:


Premise: How many votes do the member clubs of the Premier League have each?

Hypothesis: Each club is a shareholder, with one vote each on issues such as rule changes and contracts.


Premise: How long ago did the last glacial period end?

Hypothesis: In addition, many areas above about 40 degrees north latitude had been depressed by the weight of the Pleistocene glaciers and rose as much as 180 metres (591 ft) over the late Pleistocene and Holocene, and are still rising today.


Premise: How old was Gautama when he first left the palace grounds?

Hypothesis: Śuddhodana was determined to see his son become a king, so he prevented him from leaving the palace grounds.


Premise: Knibb also protagonised the creation of what?

Hypothesis: Baptists were likewise active in promoting the education of former slaves; for example, Jamaica's Calabar High School, named after the slave port of Calabar, was formed by Baptist missionaries.


Premise: What is the name of the first tour with Live Nation?

Hypothesis: To further promote the album, Madonna embarked on the Sticky & Sweet Tour; her first major venture with Live Nation.


Premise: Saint Helena was an important port of which company?

Hypothesis: Captain James Cook's vessel HMS Endeavour anchored and resupplied off the coast of St Helena in May 1771, on her return from the European discovery of the east coast of Australia and rediscovery of New Zealand.


Premise: When was Jesus Christ known to have used wine in celebration?

Hypothesis: Wine is used (not grape juice) both due to its strong Scriptural roots, and also to follow the tradition set by the early Christian Church.


Premise: When was Easter Sunday celebrated after the equinox?

Hypothesis: Easter was the Sunday after the 15th day of this moon, whose 14th day was allowed to precede the equinox.


Premise: Which group is heavily responsible for passive air defence?

Hypothesis: It remains a vital activity by ground forces and includes camouflage and concealment to avoid detection by reconnaissance and attacking aircraft.


Premise: Who defined a common External Power Supply for use with smartphones sold?

Hypothesis: The European Standardisation Bodies CEN, CENELEC and ETSI (independent of the OMTP/GSMA proposal) defined a common External Power Supply (EPS) for use with smartphones sold in the EU based on micro-USB.


Premise: Water conservation policies have been adopted by what two sectors?

Hypothesis: The city first proposed its Sustainable City Plan in 1992 and in 1994, was one of the first cities in the nation to formally adopt a comprehensive sustainability plan, setting waste reduction and water conservation policies for both public and private sector through its Office of Sustainability and the Environment.


Premise: Who did John force to change their support to John de Gray?

Hypothesis: John wanted John de Gray, the Bishop of Norwich and one of his own supporters, to be appointed Archbishop of Canterbury after the death of Walter, but the cathedral chapter for Canterbury Cathedral claimed the exclusive right to elect Walter's successor.


Premise: What is the current Zip Code range in Guam?

Hypothesis: In 1899, the local postage stamps were overprinted "Guam" as was done for the other former Spanish colonies, but this was discontinued shortly thereafter and regular U.S. postage stamps have been used ever since.


Premise: What general was consul in 249 BC?

Hypothesis: He was defeated, and on being bidden by the senate to appoint a dictator, he appointed his messenger Glycias, as if again making a jest of his country's peril."


Premise: In which basilica is the Tomb of Julii?

Hypothesis: The so-called Tomb of the Julii, near the crypt beneath St Peter's Basilica, is a 4th-century vaulted tomb with wall and ceiling mosaics that are given Christian interpretations.


Premise: Who was Claude R Kirk

Hypothesis: In 1966 Claude R. Kirk, Jr. was elected as the first post-Reconstruction Republican governor, in an upset election.


Premise: Readers were more interested in sensationalist stories about what topics than they were in political theory itself?

Hypothesis: The second most popular category, "general works" (those books "that did not have a dominant motif and that contained something to offend almost everyone in authority") demonstrated a high demand for generally low-brow subversive literature.


Premise: What languages do Tibetans in Sichuan speak?

Hypothesis: The Qiang speak Qiangic languages and often Tibetic languages as well.


Premise: What was the purpose of studying natural sciences in madaris?

Hypothesis: However, the classification of madaris as "universities" is disputed on the question of understanding of each institution on its own terms.


Premise: When did John Hawkins and Francis Drake attack Spanish and Portuguese slave ships?

Hypothesis: In 1562, the English Crown encouraged the privateers John Hawkins and Francis Drake to engage in slave-raiding attacks against Spanish and Portuguese ships off the coast of West Africa with the aim of breaking into the Atlantic trade system.


Premise: What theaters are at North Carolina State University?

Hypothesis: Theater performances are also offered at the Raleigh Little Theatre, Long View Center, Ira David Wood III Pullen Park Theatre, and Stewart and Thompson Theaters at North Carolina State University.


Premise: what is centered in Utrecht

Hypothesis: It is the centre of the Dutch railroad network and the location of the head office of Nederlandse Spoorwegen.


Premise: What was Darwin's concession to Karl von Nägel's objections?

Hypothesis: Darwin tried to meet these objections in the 5th edition.


Premise: What did European regulators introduce to increase the oversight of banks?

Hypothesis: European regulators introduced Basel III regulations for banks.


Premise: In what publication did the name Rajasthan first appear?

Hypothesis: John Keay, in his book India: A History, stated that "Rajputana" was coined by the British in 1829, John Briggs, translating Ferishta's history of early Islamic India, used the phrase "Rajpoot (Rajput) princes" rather than "Indian princes".


Premise: How many different PS3s can one user access?

Hypothesis: PlayStation 3 also limits the transfer of copy protected videos downloaded from its store to other machines and states that copy protected video "may not restore correctly" following certain actions after making a backup such as downloading a new copy protected movie.


Premise: Who designed the two organ cases?

Hypothesis: The organ was built by Harrison & Harrison in 1937, then with four manuals and 84 speaking stops, and was used for the first time at the coronation of King George VI.


Premise: What location does the National Defense operate out of?

Hypothesis: The Armed Forces Council generally operates from National Defence Headquarters (NDHQ) in Ottawa, Ontario.


Premise: Who granted the charter for Sir Walter Raleigh to travel to present day North Carolina?

Hypothesis: Virginia Dare, the first English child to be born in North America, was born on Roanoke Island on August 18, 1587; Dare County is named for her.


Premise: Who did the St. Olaf Choir influence?

Hypothesis: The St. Olaf College Choir was established as an outgrowth of the local St. John's Lutheran Church, where Christiansen was organist and the choir was composed, at least partially, of students from the nearby St. Olaf campus.


Premise: When did the Rebellion start?

Hypothesis: In 1851 Hong Xiuquan and others launched an uprising in Guizhou province, established the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom with Hong himself as king, claiming he often had visions of God and that he was the brother of Jesus Christ.


Premise: What kind of mines are found in Khetri and Jhunjhunu ?

Hypothesis: It has rich salt deposits at Sambhar, copper mines at Khetri, Jhunjhunu, and zinc mines at Dariba, Zawar mines and Rampura Aghucha (opencast) near Bhilwara.


Premise: The Qajars drove the Russians out of what entire region?

Hypothesis: The Russo-Persian wars of 1804–1813 and 1826–1828 resulted in large irrevocable territorial losses for Iran in the Caucasus, comprising all of Transcaucasia and Dagestan, which made part of the very concept of Iran for centuries, and thus substantial gains for the neighboring Russian Empire.


Premise: For what purpose did detractors use the idea of Mary's virginity and the virgin conception of Jesus?

Hypothesis: From the early stages of Christianity, belief in the virginity of Mary and the virgin conception of Jesus, as stated in the gospels, holy and supernatural, was used by detractors, both political and religious, as a topic for discussions, debates and writings, specifically aimed to challenge the divinity of Jesus and thus Christians and Christianity alike.


Premise: When did President Johnson award him?

Hypothesis: On 3 December 1963, US President Lyndon B. Johnson posthumously awarded him the Presidential Medal of Freedom, the United States' highest civilian award, in recognition of the good relationship between Pope John XXIII and the United States of America.


Premise: Which network in Australia offers viewers the choice of which Saturday afternoon match they watch?

Hypothesis: In India, the matches are broadcast live on STAR Sports.


Premise: How many bombers hit Plymouth on Hitler's birthday?

Hypothesis: On 19/20 April 1941, in honour of Hitler's 52nd birthday, 712 bombers hit Plymouth with a record 1,000 tons of bombs.


Premise: Which American president pursued Villa?

Hypothesis: Public opinion pressured the U.S. government to bring Villa to justice for the raid on Columbus, New Mexico; U.S. President Wilson sent Gen. John J. Pershing and some 5,000 troops into Mexico in an unsuccessful attempt to capture Villa.


Premise: What types of music the Bronx famous for?

Hypothesis: This cultural mix has made the Bronx a wellspring of both Latin music and hip hop.


Premise: What was the name of Beyoncé's tour that she started on April 15?

Hypothesis: Beyoncé embarked on The Mrs. Carter Show World Tour on April 15 in Belgrade, Serbia; the tour included 132 dates that ran through to March 2014.


Premise: When did Prince Igor past away?

Hypothesis: Following the death of Grand Prince Igor in 945, his wife Olga ruled as regent in Kiev until their son Sviatoslav reached maturity (ca.


Premise: How many seats are in the Senate of Swaziland?

Hypothesis: The elections are held every five years after dissolution of parliament by the king.


Premise: How many representatives did FIFA have in the IFAB?

Hypothesis: FIFA, the international football body, was formed in Paris in 1904 and declared that they would adhere to Laws of the Game of the Football Association.


Premise: When did Julius Caesar return to Rome?

Hypothesis: Caesar would be elected consul in 59 BC, and would then serve as governor of Gaul for five years.


Premise: Who visited with the hope of bringing back the Communist Party of Lithuania to the Soviet Party?

Hypothesis: On December 7, 1989, the Communist Party of Lithuania under the leadership of Algirdas Brazauskas, split from the Communist Party of the Soviet Union and abandoned its claim to have a constitutional "leading role" in politics.


Premise: When were the ISO standards first adopted?

Hypothesis: These ISO standards were subsequently adopted by DIN as well.


Premise: The name of the Act that was a failure in creating bourdaries for the Crown and the EIC for being subjective?

Hypothesis: Edmund Burke, a former East India Company shareholder and diplomat, was moved to address the situation and introduced a new Regulating Bill in 1783.


Premise: Which manservent was Victoria's most trusted ally?

Hypothesis: Slanderous rumours of a romantic connection and even a secret marriage appeared in print, and the Queen was referred to as "Mrs. Brown".


Premise: What are ogives?

Hypothesis: Sometimes ogives consist only of undulations or color bands and are described as wave ogives or band ogives.


Premise: There were four corps of the Ottoman Army, what were they?

Hypothesis: The Ottoman army was once among the most advanced fighting forces in the world, being one of the first to use muskets and cannons.


Premise: When was Britain called the "workshop of the world"?

Hypothesis: In the early 19th century, the Industrial Revolution began to transform Britain; by the time of the Great Exhibition in 1851 the country was described as the "workshop of the world".


Premise: Who made the Marathas a strong power?

Hypothesis: However, the credit for making the Marathas formidable power nationally goes to Peshwa Bajirao I. Historian K.K. Datta wrote about Bajirao I:


Premise: The US Supreme Court ruled that treaties can be repealed or modified for the purposes of US law just like what by any subsequent Act of Congress?

Hypothesis: The Supreme Court also ruled in Reid v. Covert that any treaty provision that conflicts with the Constitution are null and void under U.S. law.


Premise: What year was NHK Color created?

Hypothesis: This new system, NHK Color, created in 1972, included 1125 lines, a 5:3 aspect ratio and 60 Hz refresh rate.


Premise: What was occurring to Pangaea in the late Triassic?

Hypothesis: Because of the limited shoreline of one super-continental mass, Triassic marine deposits are globally relatively rare; despite their prominence in Western Europe, where the Triassic was first studied.


Premise: During Which dynasty does Josef Kolmaš claim Tibet was considered an organic part of China?

Hypothesis: Josef Kolmaš, a sinologist, Tibetologist, and Professor of Oriental Studies at the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, writes that it was during the Qing dynasty "that developments took place on the basis of which Tibet came to be considered an organic part of China, both practically and theoretically subject to the Chinese central government."


Premise: When did season four premiere?

Hypothesis: Season four premiered on January 18, 2005; this was the first season of the series to be aired in high definition, although the finale of season three was also aired in high definition.


Premise: Which two countries was Victoria trying to improve relations between?

Hypothesis: Internationally, Victoria took a keen interest in the improvement of relations between France and Britain.


Premise: What did Nasser do after mass demonstrations?

Hypothesis: Hundreds of thousands of sympathizers poured into the streets in mass demonstrations throughout Egypt and across the Arab world rejecting his resignation, chanting, "We are your soldiers, Gamal!"


Premise: When did Queen release The Miracle?

Hypothesis: With The Miracle, the band's songwriting became more collaborative, and they vowed to credit the final product only to Queen as a group.


Premise: When did the age of great English prose translation begin?

Hypothesis: Only at the end of the 15th century did the great age of English prose translation begin with Thomas Malory's Le Morte Darthur—an adaptation of Arthurian romances so free that it can, in fact, hardly be called a true translation.


Premise: Which group originally created the Soviet state?

Hypothesis: Under the leadership of Vladimir Lenin, the Bolsheviks established the Soviet state on 7 November [O.S. 25 October] 1917, immediately after the Russian Provisional Government, which governed the Russian Republic, was overthrown during the October Revolution.


Premise: What englishman excavated pompeii?

Hypothesis: It first gained influence in England and France; in England, Sir William Hamilton's excavations at Pompeii and other sites, the influence of the Grand Tour and the work of William Chambers and Robert Adam, was pivotal in this regard.


Premise: What is the basis of capitalization standards for the sentence-style capitalization?

Hypothesis: Examples of global publishers whose English-language house styles prescribe sentence-case titles and headings include the International Organization for Standardization.


Premise: Who was a notable student of  Stanley Schachter?

Hypothesis: Stanley Schachter formulated his theory on the earlier work of a Spanish physician, Gregorio Marañón, who injected patients with epinephrine and subsequently asked them how they felt.


Premise: How many were ruled to be redrawn in 2015

Hypothesis: The court ruled in 2014, after lengthy testimony, that at least two districts had to be redrawn because of gerrymandering.


Premise: What is one of the Ten Meritorious Deeds?

Hypothesis: Other practices are Ten Meritorious Deeds including, giving charity to reduce the greediness; following ethical precepts; renouncing conventional living and becoming a monastic; the development of mindfulness and practice of meditation; cultivation of higher wisdom and discernment; study of scriptures; devotional practices; ceremonies; and in the Mahayana tradition, invocation of buddhas and bodhisattvas.


Premise: Who purchased a small shop in 1835, which would eventually become Kendals?

Hypothesis: Kendal Milne and Faulkner purchased the business in 1835.


Premise: how long does the engraved have from start to finish?

Hypothesis: This means the engraver has just five minutes to perform a task which would take twenty under normal conditions, although time is saved by engraving the year on during the match, and sketching the presumed winner.


Premise: Where was "Reflections on Affective Events Theory" published?

Hypothesis: This theory has been utilized by numerous researchers to better understand emotion from a communicative lens, and was reviewed further by Howard M. Weiss and Daniel J. Beal in their article, "Reflections on Affective Events Theory", published in Research on Emotion in Organizations in 2005.


Premise: What percentage of the world's total population gets infected with tuberculosis every year?

Hypothesis: Of these 1.45 million deaths, about 0.35 million occur in those also infected with HIV.


Premise: What comes before state and territorial laws in the 50 U.S states?

Hypothesis: In the dual-sovereign system of American federalism (actually tripartite because of the presence of Indian reservations), states are the plenary sovereigns, each with their own constitution, while the federal sovereign possesses only the limited supreme authority enumerated in the Constitution.


Premise: When was the Aetolian League formed?

Hypothesis: The Achean league was able to drive out the Macedonians from the Peloponnese and free Corinth, which duly joined the league.


Premise: Who can be authorized to grant assent by letters patent?

Hypothesis: Officially, assent is granted by the sovereign or by Lords Commissioners authorised to act by letters patent.


Premise: During what period was the area around New York City located at the edge of an ice sheet 1,000 feet deep?

Hypothesis: During the Wisconsinan glaciation, the New York City region was situated at the edge of a large ice sheet over 1,000 feet in depth.


Premise: Where was the differential analyzer built by H.L. Hazen?

Hypothesis: This built on the mechanical integrators of James Thomson and the torque amplifiers invented by H. W. Nieman.


Premise: Who did Allmusic refer to as "one of the most successful pop and adult contemporary singers of the '80s and beyond"?

Hypothesis: Collins has been described by AllMusic as "one of the most successful pop and adult contemporary singers of the '80s and beyond".


Premise: In what method is the rotational speed measured in?

Hypothesis: The groove usually starts near the periphery and ends near the center of the disc.


Premise: When was the lowest unemployment rate in Namibia?

Hypothesis: "Strict unemployment" (people actively seeking a full-time job) stood at 20.2% in 2000, 21.9% in 2004 and spiraled to 29.4% in 2008.


Premise: What is the Royal Basilica of the Hungarian kings also known as?

Hypothesis: The Royal Basilica of the Hungarian kings in Székesfehérvár (Alba Regia) had a mosaic decoration in the apse.


Premise: Arthur Conan Doyle brought to life what famous detective in a series of novels?

Hypothesis: Modern writers pervasively influenced by the city include Peter Ackroyd, author of a "biography" of London, and Iain Sinclair, who writes in the genre of psychogeography.


Premise: How did Victoria feel about having to be married in order to escape living with her mother?

Hypothesis: When Victoria complained to Melbourne that her mother's close proximity promised "torment for many years", Melbourne sympathised but said it could be avoided by marriage, which Victoria called a "schocking  [sic] alternative".


Premise: Why were standard connectors designed to be so robust?

Hypothesis: Because USB is hot-pluggable, the connectors would be used more frequently, and perhaps with less care, than other connectors.


Premise: Athletes wearing what kind of flag at any Olympic venue faced the possibility of expulsion from the Olympics?

Hypothesis: Prompted by the chaotic torch relays in Western Europe and North America, the president of the International Olympic Committee, Jacques Rogge described the situation as a "crisis" for the organization and stated that any athletes displaying Tibetan flags at Olympic venues could be expelled from the games.


Premise: How old was Napoleon when he married Joséphine de Beauharnais?

Hypothesis: Until she met Bonaparte, she had been known as "Rose", a name which he disliked.


Premise: What mathematician advance Greek Science?

Hypothesis: At this time, Greek cultural influence and power was at its peak in Europe, Africa and Asia, experiencing prosperity and progress in the arts, exploration, literature, theatre, architecture, music, mathematics, philosophy, and science.


Premise: What will a fifth place Premier League team qualify for?

Hypothesis: The team placed fifth in the Premier League automatically qualifies for the UEFA Europa League, and the sixth and seventh-placed teams can also qualify, depending on the winners of the two domestic cup competitions i.e. the FA Cup and the Capital One Cup (League Cup).


Premise: How many synergetic qualities are there in the predator-prey mechanism?

Hypothesis: Two factors are considered here: How close the predator and prey are (in the latter two cases the term prey may be replaced with host) and whether or not the prey are directly murdered by the predator is considered, with true predation and parasitoidism involving certain death.


Premise: What ownership stake did Ccomcast get in this deal?

Hypothesis: It was reported that under the current deal with GE that it would happen in November or December.


Premise: Which country continued to observe DST nationwide despite the fact that the war had ended?

Hypothesis: Farmers continued to dislike DST, and many countries repealed it after the war.


Premise: How long did many of the Germans live in the eastern Europe countries before being expelled?

Hypothesis: Many of those had inhabited these lands for centuries, developing a unique culture.