Premise: How many Hispanic people live in the New York metropolitan area?

Hypothesis: The metropolitan area is also home to 20% of the nation's Indian Americans and at least 20 Little India enclaves, as well as 15% of all Korean Americans and four Koreatowns; the largest Asian Indian population in the Western Hemisphere; the largest Russian American, Italian American, and African American populations; the largest Dominican American, Puerto Rican American, and South American and second-largest overall Hispanic population in the United States, numbering 4.8 million; and includes at least 6 established Chinatowns within New York City alone, with the urban agglomeration comprising a population of 779,269 overseas Chinese as of 2013 Census estimates, the largest outside of Asia.


Premise: What country is Burma to credit for its academic system ?

Hypothesis: The educational system of Myanmar is operated by the government agency, the Ministry of Education.


Premise: When was an oath requiring militia to abjure the pretensions of the pope replaced?

Hypothesis: That law was replaced by 1799.


Premise: Where was Herter's Heine memorial placed in 1899?

Hypothesis: In 1899, the memorial, by the Berlin sculptor Ernst Gustav Herter (1846–1917), finally came to rest, although subject to repeated vandalism, in the Bronx, at 164th Street and the Grand Concourse, or Joyce Kilmer Park near today's Yankee Stadium.


Premise: What are fimbriae?

Hypothesis: They can also generate movement where they are called type IV pili (see movement, below).


Premise: Whose recording of Hallelujah became successful again after being performed on American Idol?

Hypothesis: This was the first season in which contestants' recordings were released onto iTunes after their performances, and although sales information was not released so as not to prejudice the contest, leaked information indicated that contestants' songs frequently reached the top of iTunes sales charts.


Premise: Who destroyed the Phrygian cap in 1870?

Hypothesis: The tower was saved, however, when in May of the same year citizens of Strasbourg crowned it with a giant tin Phrygian cap.


Premise: What was DiFruscia's position?

Hypothesis: Including Kerry, the Democratic primary race had 10 candidates, including attorney Paul J. Sheehy, State Representative Anthony R. DiFruscia, John J. Desmond and Robert B. Kennedy.


Premise: Where was Time Magazine started?

Hypothesis: The house was razed by Beth Israel Medical Center after it received approval of a 1991 application to demolish the house and replace it with an AIDS hospice.


Premise: When did season five premiere?

Hypothesis: It remains the highest-rated season in the show's run so far.


Premise: What subject did Hayek's works influence and inspire?

Hypothesis: Upon his arrival in London, Hayek was quickly recognised as one of the leading economic theorists in the world, and his development of the economics of processes in time and the co-ordination function of prices inspired the ground-breaking work of John Hicks, Abba Lerner, and many others in the development of modern microeconomics.


Premise: What is lacking in Protestantism, according to the Roman Catholic Church?

Hypothesis: The view of the Roman Catholic Church is that Protestant denominations cannot be considered churches but rather that they are ecclesial communities or specific faith-believing communities because their ordinances and doctrines are not historically the same as the Catholic sacraments and dogmas, and the Protestant communities have no sacramental ministerial priesthood and therefore lack true apostolic succession.


Premise: Which country continued to observe DST nationwide despite the fact that the war had ended?

Hypothesis: Britain was an exception: it retained DST nationwide but over the years adjusted transition dates for several reasons, including special rules during the 1920s and 1930s to avoid clock shifts on Easter mornings.


Premise: House music is characterized by what type of beats?

Hypothesis: Early house music was generally dance-based music characterized by repetitive 4/4 beats, rhythms mainly provided by drum machines, off-beat hi-hat cymbals, and synthesized basslines.


Premise: With what social class it the standard dialect commonly associated?

Hypothesis: In many societies, however, a particular dialect, often the sociolect of the elite class, comes to be identified as the "standard" or "proper" version of a language by those seeking to make a social distinction, and is contrasted with other varieties.


Premise: Who invented the beer pump in England?

Hypothesis: The first beer pump known in England is believed to have been invented by John Lofting (b. Netherlands 1659-d.


Premise: What cause H2 to resemble monatomic gas?

Hypothesis: Maxwell observed that the specific heat capacity of H2 unaccountably departs from that of a diatomic gas below room temperature and begins to increasingly resemble that of a monatomic gas at cryogenic temperatures.


Premise: What are a few pioneer universities in the state?

Hypothesis: (Waknaghat, Solan) the Baddi University of Emerging Sciences and Technologies Baddi, IEC University, Shoolini University Of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, Manav Bharti University Solan, the Jaypee University of Information Technology Waknaghat, Eternal University, Sirmaur & Chitkara University Solan are some of the pioneer universities in the state.


Premise: Where is the Kingdom of Pergamon?

Hypothesis: Hellenistic culture thus represents a fusion of the Ancient Greek world with that of the Near East, Middle East, and Southwest Asia, and a departure from earlier Greek attitudes towards "barbarian" cultures.


Premise: How long had Nanjing been the capital city of Yangzhou?

Hypothesis: In the late period of Shang dynasty, Taibo of Zhou came to Jiangnan and established Wu state, and the first stop is in Nanjing area according to some historians based on discoveries in Taowu and Hushu culture.


Premise: Who coined the term "abominable mystery"?

Hypothesis: Another possible whole genome duplication event at 160 million years ago perhaps created the ancestral line that led to all modern flowering plants.


Premise: How many players can an NFL team have in the off-season?

Hypothesis: The league has tacitly forbidden the playing of non-league opponents, with the last interleague game having come in 1972 and the last game against a team other than an NFL team (the all-NFL rookie College All-Stars) was held in 1976.


Premise: What was Frédéric's nationalities?

Hypothesis: " Chopin was born in what was then the Duchy of Warsaw, and grew up in Warsaw, which after 1815 became part of Congress Poland.


Premise: Of all the countries in South America, which provided the most legal immigrants in 2013?

Hypothesis: Ecuador, Colombia, Guyana, Peru, and Brazil were the top source countries from South America for legal immigrants to the New York City region in 2013; the Dominican Republic, Jamaica, Haiti, and Trinidad and Tobago in the Caribbean; Egypt, Ghana, and Nigeria from Africa; and El Salvador, Honduras, and Guatemala in Central America.


Premise: What did Tuvalu call for from other nations concerning reduction of carbon emissions?

Hypothesis: In December 2009 the islands stalled talks on climate change at the United Nations Climate Change Conference in Copenhagen, fearing some other developing countries were not committing fully to binding deals on a reduction in carbon emissions.


Premise: Who designed the JK Bridge?

Hypothesis: The Juscelino Kubitschek bridge, also known as the 'President JK Bridge' or the 'JK Bridge', crosses Lake Paranoá in Brasília.


Premise: The largest public radio station by listeners is what in New York?

Hypothesis: WNYC, a public radio station owned by the city until 1997, has the largest public radio audience in the United States.


Premise: What are some examples of rudimentary organs that Darwin discusses in the chapter?

Hypothesis: Darwin discusses rudimentary organs, such as the wings of flightless birds and the rudiments of pelvis and leg bones found in some snakes.


Premise: Of the three battles that occured north of Paris, which was the first that forced the French army to retreat?

Hypothesis: A second French army which operated north of Paris was turned back at the Battle of Amiens (27 November), the Battle of Bapaume (3 January 1871) and the Battle of St. Quentin (13 January).


Premise: What is limited by Miami's high water table?

Hypothesis: As a result of the aquifer, it is not possible to dig more than 15 to 20 ft (5 to 6 m) beneath the city without hitting water, which impedes underground construction, though some underground parking garages exist.


Premise: What Austrian General surprised the Prussian at Hochkirch?

Hypothesis: The war was continuing indecisively when on 14 October Marshal Daun's Austrians surprised the main Prussian army at the Battle of Hochkirch in Saxony.


Premise: What are the individual images with action called in comics?

Hypothesis: Panels are individual images containing a segment of action, often surrounded by a border.


Premise: How else is asthma classified?

Hypothesis: Asthma may also be classified as atopic (extrinsic) or non-atopic (intrinsic), based on whether symptoms are precipitated by allergens (atopic) or not (non-atopic).


Premise: Keyboard instruments included the pip organ, harpsichord and what other instrument?

Hypothesis: One major difference between Baroque music and the classical era that followed it is that the types of instruments used in ensembles were much less standardized.


Premise: What Wikipedia project makes use of the Old English language?

Hypothesis: By far the most ambitious project[peacock term] is the Old English Wikipedia, but most of the Neo-Old English texts published online bear little resemblance to the historical model and are riddled with very basic grammatical mistakes.


Premise: Where did the Research Project Team find the obsidian tools?

Hypothesis: In 1999, the Eritrean Research Project Team composed of Eritrean, Canadian, American, Dutch and French scientists discovered a Paleolithic site with stone and obsidian tools dated to over 125,000 years old near the Bay of Zula south of Massawa, along the Red Sea littoral.


Premise: How does kaolin create a more gentle light?

Hypothesis: Neodymium-containing glass is sometimes used to provide a more natural-appearing light.


Premise: What text rejects the Ashkenazi prohibition against kitniyot?

Hypothesis: The Ashkenazi prohibition against eating kitniyot (grains and legumes such as rice, corn, beans, and peanuts) during Passover was explicitly rejected in the Talmud, has no known precedent before the 12th century and represented a minority position for hundreds of years thereafter, but nonetheless has remained a mandatory prohibition among Ashkenazi Orthodox Jews due to their historic adherence to the ReMA's rulings in the Shulchan Aruch.


Premise: Three groups in São Nicolau make use of fire in the construction of what conveyance?

Hypothesis: In São Nicolau three groups, Copa Cabana, Estrela Azul and Brilho Da Zona constructs a painted float using fire, newspaper for the mold, iron and steel to for structure.


Premise: Where did the population of Detroit shift to in the second half of the 20th century?

Hypothesis: The thousands of African Americans who came to Detroit were part of the Great Migration of the 20th century.


Premise: Which two of the big four banks are headquartered in Melbourne?

Hypothesis: Two of the big four banks, NAB and ANZ, are headquartered in Melbourne.


Premise: What street was intended to connect Plymouth Hoe to the railroad station?

Hypothesis: On 27 April 1944 Sir Patrick Abercrombie's Plan for Plymouth to rebuild the bomb-damaged city was published; it called for demolition of the few remaining pre-War buildings in the city centre to make way for their replacement with wide, parallel, modern boulevards aligned east–west linked by a north–south avenue (Armada Way) linking the railway station with the vista of Plymouth Hoe.


Premise: What is the name of the prohibition against eating grains and legumes during Passover?

Hypothesis: For example, the now-widespread haredi tradition of cutting a boy's hair for the first time on his third birthday (upshirin or upsheerin, Yiddish for "haircut") "originated as an Arab custom that parents cut a newborn boy's hair and burned it in a fire as a sacrifice," and "Jews in Palestine learned this custom from Arabs and adapted it to a special Jewish context."


Premise: What did the Vijayanagara Empire promote to unify Indian culture?

Hypothesis: The Vijayanagara Empire created an epoch in South Indian history that transcended regionalism by promoting Hinduism as a unifying factor.


Premise: When did the English dub for the sixth season start airing?

Hypothesis: The English dub of the series began airing on Nickelodeon on September 7, 2013, which is produced by Saban Brands.


Premise: Which company made the Wayback Machine?

Hypothesis: The Wayback Machine is a digital archive of the World Wide Web and other information on the Internet created by the Internet Archive, a nonprofit organization, based in San Francisco, California, United States.


Premise: Were men travelling to London to become authors paid well or poorly by the publishing-bookselling guilds?

Hypothesis: This led to the creation of an oppositional literary sphere, Grub Street, the domain of a "multitude of versifiers and would-be authors".


Premise: What was Georgie's father's name?

Hypothesis: Although the offer was made by George's mother and followed the year-long arrangement in 1872 where her son and his nurse had moved to quarters next to Bell's boarding house, it was clear that Mr. Sanders was backing the proposal.


Premise: What shape is the sliver park where Houston Street, First Street, and First Avenue meet?

Hypothesis: East 1st Street begins just North of East Houston Street at Avenue A and continues to Bowery.


Premise: Where did Chopin and Sand stay in Valldemossa?

Hypothesis: This compelled the group to take lodgings in a former Carthusian monastery in Valldemossa, which gave little shelter from the cold winter weather.


Premise: What was the speed difference with new ENIAC?

Hypothesis: Complicated programs could be developed and debugged in days rather than the weeks required for plugboarding the old ENIAC.


Premise: What was Victoria's reaction to the verdict?

Hypothesis: Victoria was outraged when he was found not guilty by reason of insanity, but was so pleased by the many expressions of loyalty after the attack that she said it was "worth being shot at—to see how much one is loved".


Premise: In Buddhism, samatha meditation can calm the what?

Hypothesis: In Buddhist practice, it is said that while samatha meditation can calm the mind, only vipassanā meditation can reveal how the mind was disturbed to start with, which is what leads to insight knowledge (jñāna; Pāli ñāṇa) and understanding (prajñā Pāli paññā), and thus can lead to nirvāṇa (Pāli nibbāna).


Premise: What did Imperial Airways and Pan American begin scheduling in 1937?

Hypothesis: In 1937, Imperial Airways and Pan American World Airways began operating scheduled flying-boat airline services from New York and Baltimore to Darrell's Island, Bermuda.


Premise: CJFC, CHAT, and CKPG are owned by whom?

Hypothesis: Private CBC affiliates are not as common as they were in the past, as many such stations have been purchased either by the CBC itself or by Canwest Global or CHUM Limited, respectively becoming E! or


Premise: What kind of mappings must be provided between characters in existing legacy character sets and those in Unicode?

Hypothesis: Lack of consistency in various mappings between earlier Japanese encodings such as Shift-JIS or EUC-JP and Unicode led to round-trip format conversion mismatches, particularly the mapping of the character JIS X 0208 '～'


Premise: What did Elizabeth call her past year?

Hypothesis: In a speech on 24 November 1992, to mark the 40th anniversary of her accession, Elizabeth called 1992 her annus horribilis, meaning horrible year.


Premise: What happened after the French and Indian War?

Hypothesis: After the French and Indian War, the Proclamation of 1763 restricted settlement for Great Britain's thirteen original colonies in North America to east of the summit line of the mountains (except in the northern regions where the Great Lakes formed the boundary).


Premise: Who was the first missionary in Samoa?

Hypothesis: However, Robert Louis Stevenson, who lived in Samoa from 1889 until his death in 1894, wrote in A Footnote to History:


Premise: Which Queen furthered the cult of Mary in the 6th Century?

Hypothesis: The cult of Mary was furthered by Queen Theodora in the 6th Century.


Premise: The Times is printed solely in what format since 2004?

Hypothesis: Since 1 November 2004, the paper has been printed solely in tabloid format.


Premise: What's one example in Tennessee's constitution?

Hypothesis: (Tennessee Constitution Article IX, Section 2 is one such example.)


Premise: In what year did the Congress of Erfurt take place?

Hypothesis: A major strain on the relationship between the two nations became the regular violations of the Continental System by the Russians, which led Napoleon to threaten Alexander with serious consequences if he formed an alliance with Britain.


Premise: What did Namibia transition to after white minority apartheid rule?

Hypothesis: Since independence Namibia has successfully completed the transition from white minority apartheid rule to parliamentary democracy.


Premise: Who introduced the first major model for communication in 1949?

Hypothesis: The first major model for communication was introduced by Claude Shannon and Warren Weaver for Bell Laboratories in 1949 The original model was designed to mirror the functioning of radio and telephone technologies.


Premise: How do birds conserve energy?

Hypothesis: Geese in a V-formation may conserve 12–20% of the energy they would need to fly alone.


Premise: Along with Abbott and Costello and Edgar Bergen, what radio star appeared in Universal films?

Hypothesis: Some stars came from radio, including Edgar Bergen, W. C. Fields, and the comedy team of Abbott and Costello (Bud Abbott and Lou Costello).


Premise: How many years did Ali Qushji spend in Istanbul?

Hypothesis: A great part of this desire for local and foreign manuscripts arose in the 15th Century.


Premise: What was the first map to show the whole North American East coast?

Hypothesis: A Spanish expedition led by captain Estêvão Gomes, a Portuguese sailing for Emperor Charles V, arrived in New York Harbor in January 1525 aboard the purpose-built caravel "La Anunciada" and charted the mouth of the Hudson River, which he named Rio de San Antonio.


Premise: What does RDN stand for?

Hypothesis: Government regulation especially in terms of licensing, is currently less universal for the CCN than that of RD or RDN.


Premise: What is the estimate of current Mali enslavement?

Hypothesis: In the far north, there is a division between Berber-descendent Tuareg nomad populations and the darker-skinned Bella or Tamasheq people, due the historical spread of slavery in the region.


Premise: What other three states were approved in the same year?

Hypothesis: In the 1880s, Helena (the current state capital) had more millionaires per capita than any other United States city.


Premise: What genre uses multiple independent vocal melodies?

Hypothesis: Polyphonic vocal genres, which used multiple independent vocal melodies, began to develop during the high medieval era, becoming prevalent by the later 13th and early 14th century.


Premise: Why was Swan's first lamp not commercially viable?

Hypothesis: Besides requiring too much current for a central station electric system to be practical, they had a very short lifetime.


Premise: What was the name of the attack the Japanese had planned against San Diego?

Hypothesis: The plan was called "Operation Cherry Blossoms at Night" and called for kamikaze planes filled with fleas infected with plague (Yersinia pestis) to crash into civilian population centers in the city, hoping to spread plague in the city and effectively kill tens of thousands of civilians.


Premise: What treaty was used by Stockton and Kearny on January 1, 1847?

Hypothesis: Stockton and Kearny went on to recover Los Angeles and force the capitulation of Alta California with the "Treaty of Cahuenga" on January 13, 1847.


Premise: What is the oldest piece of Qutb Shahi architecture in Hyderabad?

Hypothesis: The Charminar, Qutb Shahi tombs and Golconda fort are considered to be monuments of national importance in India; in 2010 the Indian government proposed that the sites be listed for UNESCO World Heritage status.:11–18


Premise: Who show the 2011 final?

Hypothesis: Many[who?] expected BSkyB to make a bid to show some of the remaining FA Cup games for the remainder of the 2009–10 season which would include a semi-final and shared rights to the final.


Premise: Silkworms are used by humans for producing what?

Hypothesis: Silkworms and bees have been used extensively by humans for the production of silk and honey, respectively.


Premise: For whom did de Peyster name Ellice's Island?

Hypothesis: Arent Schuyler de Peyster, of New York, captain of the armed brigantine or privateer Rebecca, sailing under British colours, which passed through the southern Tuvaluan waters in May 1819; de Peyster sighted Nukufetau and Funafuti, which he named Ellice's Island after an English Politician, Edward Ellice, the Member of Parliament for Coventry and the owner of the Rebecca's cargo.


Premise: In binary fission. when does each genome separate into daughter cells?

Hypothesis: After DNA replication is complete, the cell must physically separate the two copies of the genome and divide into two distinct membrane-bound cells.:18.2 In prokaryotes (bacteria and archaea) this usually occurs via a relatively simple process called binary fission, in which each circular genome attaches to the cell membrane and is separated into the daughter cells as the membrane invaginates to split the cytoplasm into two membrane-bound portions.


Premise: Who were notable modern American mandolin manufacturers?

Hypothesis: Some notable modern American carved mandolin manufacturers include, in addition to Kay, Gibson, Weber, Monteleone and Collings.


Premise: What percent of bannermen did the Han represent?

Hypothesis: Han Chinese Banners were made up of Han Chinese who defected to the Qing up to 1644 and joined the Eight Banners, giving them social and legal privileges in addition to being acculturated to Manchu culture.


Premise: What museum is located in Hamden on Whitney Street and dedicated to a notable New Haven inventor?

Hypothesis: There is also the Connecticut Children's Museum; the Knights of Columbus museum near that organization's world headquarters; the Peabody Museum of Natural History; the Yale University Collection of Musical Instruments; the Eli Whitney Museum (across the town line in Hamden, Connecticut, on Whitney Avenue); the Yale Center for British Art, which houses the largest collection of British art outside the U.K., and the Yale University Art Gallery, the nation's oldest college art museum.[citation needed]


Premise: What is the government called in the three free states of Bavaria, Saxony, and Thuringia?

Hypothesis: In the three free states of Bavaria, Saxony, and Thuringia the government is referred to as the State Government (Staatsregierung), and in the other ten states the term Land Government (Landesregierung) is used.


Premise: What percentage of soil contained T. canis eggs in Great Britain public parks?

Hypothesis: In the United States, about 10,000 cases of Toxocara infection are reported in humans each year, and almost 14% of the U.S. population is infected.


Premise: How many times has KU won the national debate championship?

Hypothesis: The University of Kansas has had more teams (70) compete in the National Debate Tournament than any other university.


Premise: Where can police shoot fleeing convicts?

Hypothesis: Police officers often carry handcuffs to restrain suspects.


Premise: What are painted do to city policy?

Hypothesis: South Tucson is widely known for its many Mexican restaurants and the architectural styles which include bright outdoor murals, many of which have been painted over due to city policy.


Premise: What does Sigmunds idea theorize?

Hypothesis: Freud did not claim that everyone is bisexual in the sense of feeling the same level of sexual attraction to both genders.


Premise: At long range what, in theory, could be used to set ranging calculations?

Hypothesis: At long range, the aircraft remains in firing range for a long time, so the necessary calculations can in theory be done by slide rules - though, because small errors in distance cause large errors in shell fall height and detonation time, exact ranging is crucial.


Premise: What was considered a lesser class of designers?

Hypothesis: But as the period came to an end many commercial projects were becoming sufficiently large, and well-funded, to become "architectural in intention", rather than having their design left to the lesser class of "surveyors".


Premise: What were all these tents and quilts for?

Hypothesis: The Sichuan Ministry of Civil Affairs said that they have provided 30,000 tents for those left homeless.


Premise: Which dynasty did Asif Jah I create?

Hypothesis: The Nizami influence can still be seen in the culture of the Hyderabadi Muslims.


Premise: How many penalty yards are awarded when the ball is nearer the goal line than the usual penalty yardage?

Hypothesis: If the original penalty yardage would have resulted in a first down or moving the ball past the goal line, a first down is awarded.


Premise: What is The Times current price for the daily edition?

Hypothesis: The Times current prices are £1.20 for the daily edition and £1.50 for the Saturday edition.


Premise: Where was the Philips Introduce Compact disc conference held?

Hypothesis: A week later, on 8 March, Philips publicly demonstrated a prototype of an optical digital audio disc at a press conference called "Philips Introduce Compact Disc" in Eindhoven, Netherlands.


Premise: What is the profession of the individual who referred to Somalia as a "Nation of Bards"?

Hypothesis: Due to the Somali people's passionate love for and facility with poetry, Somalia has often been referred to by scholars as a "Nation of Poets" and a "Nation of Bards" including, among others, the Canadian novelist Margaret Laurence.


Premise: Rhythm is an example of which features of Quranic recitation covered by tajwid?

Hypothesis: The proper recitation of the Quran is the subject of a separate discipline named tajwid which determines in detail how the Quran should be recited, how each individual syllable is to be pronounced, the need to pay attention to the places where there should be a pause, to elisions, where the pronunciation should be long or short, where letters should be sounded together and where they should be kept separate, etc.


Premise: In what neighborhood does the Halloween Parade take place?

Hypothesis: Major tourist destinations include Times Square; Broadway theater productions; the Empire State Building; the Statue of Liberty; Ellis Island; the United Nations Headquarters; museums such as the Metropolitan Museum of Art; greenspaces such as Central Park and Washington Square Park; Rockefeller Center; the Manhattan Chinatown; luxury shopping along Fifth and Madison Avenues; and events such as the Halloween Parade in Greenwich Village; the Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade; the lighting of the Rockefeller Center Christmas Tree; the St. Patrick's Day parade; seasonal activities such as ice skating in Central Park in the wintertime; the Tribeca Film Festival; and free performances in Central Park at Summerstage.


Premise: Where can you see a permanent exhibition of Bermuda currency?

Hypothesis: US notes and coins are used interchangeably with Bermudian notes and coins within the islands for most practical purposes; however, banks levy an exchange rate fee for the purchase of US dollars with Bermudian dollars.


Premise: Which islands were a part of the Spanish East Indies?

Hypothesis: The rest of the island of New Guinea which is not part of Indonesia, namely, Papua New Guinea, is sometimes included so are Palau, Guam, and the Northern Mariana Islands, which were all part of the Spanish East Indies.[citation needed]


Premise: What company produces Plymouth Gin?

Hypothesis: During the 1930s, it was the most widely distributed gin and has a controlled term of origin.


Premise: Which former director defended UNFPA?

Hypothesis: Dr. Nafis Sadik, former director of UNFPA said her agency had been pivotal in reversing China's coercive population control methods, but a 2005 report by Amnesty International and a separate report by the United States State Department found that coercive techniques were still regularly employed by the Chinese, casting doubt upon Sadik's statements.


Premise: During the Middle Ages, some Jews assimilated into the dominant Greek and Latin cultures by doing what?

Hypothesis: In Gaul and Germany itself, with the possible exception of Trier and Cologne, the archeological evidence suggests at most a fleeting presence of very few Jews, primarily itinerant traders or artisans.


Premise: Are there any alternatives to the public school system in Burma ?

Hypothesis: The education system is based on the United Kingdom's system due to nearly a century of British and Christian presences in Myanmar.


Premise: What year did China and Japan reach a stalemate?

Hypothesis: By 1941 the conflict had become a stalemate.


Premise: How often are pesticides produced more recently evaluated for safety?

Hypothesis: All registered pesticides are reviewed every 15 years to ensure they meet the proper standards.


Premise: What type of climate does Bermuda have?

Hypothesis: Bermuda is the northernmost point of the Bermuda Triangle, a region of sea in which, according to legend, a number of aircraft and surface vessels have disappeared under supposedly unexplained or mysterious circumstances.


Premise: When did Araniko die?

Hypothesis: Legendary Princess Bhrikuti (7th-century) and artist Araniko (1245 - 1306 AD) from that tradition of Kathmandu valley played a significant role in spreading Buddhism in Tibet and China.


Premise: What ethnicity are these literary works mostly?

Hypothesis: Géza Vermes describes the darkness account as typical of "Jewish eschatological imagery of the day of the Lord", and says that those interpreting it as a datable eclipse are "barking up the wrong tree".


Premise: Why did American Baptist congregations split?

Hypothesis: In May 1845, the Baptist congregations in the United States split over slavery and missions.


Premise: When did writers for Sounds first mention "post punk"?

Hypothesis: Writer Jon Savage described some of these early developments as exploring "harsh urban scrapings [,] controlled white noise" and "massively accented drumming".


Premise: Besides viruses, where has RNA-mediated epigenetic inheritance been observed?

Hypothesis: On the other hand, RNA retroviruses, such as HIV, require the reverse transcription of their genome from RNA into DNA before their proteins can be synthesized.


Premise: In one of his works who affirmed the popularity of Chopin as a child?

Hypothesis: During this period, Fryderyk was sometimes invited to the Belweder Palace as playmate to the son of the ruler of Russian Poland, Grand Duke Constantine; he played the piano for the Duke and composed a march for him.


Premise: In what year was the Motion Picture Trust created?

Hypothesis: For Laemmle and other such entrepreneurs, the creation in 1908 of the Edison-backed Motion Picture Trust meant that exhibitors were expected to pay fees for Trust-produced films they showed.


Premise: Who was opposed to Victoria writing a biography of Brown?

Hypothesis: In early 1884, Victoria did publish More Leaves from a Journal of a Life in the Highlands, a sequel to her earlier book, which she dedicated to her "devoted personal attendant and faithful friend John Brown".


Premise: How much more money does the city give to the state of New York annually than it receives?

Hypothesis: New York is the most important source of political fundraising in the United States, as four of the top five ZIP codes in the nation for political contributions are in Manhattan.


Premise: What did Avicenna want to reconcile with Islamic theology?

Hypothesis: Avicenna was a devout Muslim and sought to reconcile rational philosophy with Islamic theology.


Premise: What is found on the Start Screen?

Hypothesis: The Start screen displays a customizable array of tiles linking to various apps and desktop programs, some of which can display constantly updated information and content through "live tiles".


Premise: What avenue goes along the entire coastline of Montevideo?

Hypothesis: The Rambla is an avenue that goes along the entire coastline of Montevideo.


Premise: What was special about Milestone 1?

Hypothesis: It was also probably the first appearance of the Metro-style font, and its wallpaper had the text shhh... let's not leak our hard work.


Premise: What did peasant women do when it was time for the harvest?

Hypothesis: The only role open to women in the Church was that of nuns, as they were unable to become priests.


Premise: In the late 19th century, which German philosopher helped develop the idea of communism?

Hypothesis: Later, Leibniz (17th century) and most importantly Kant played central roles in the history of philosophy.


Premise: What is the purpose of the Phase-two mode?

Hypothesis: This mode was created for firefighters so that they may rescue people from a burning building.


Premise: What restriction does W-VHS recordings have?

Hypothesis: Some cable boxes are capable of receiving or recording two or more broadcasts at a time in HDTV format, and HDTV programming, some included in the monthly cable service subscription price, some for an additional fee, can be played back with the cable company's on-demand feature.


Premise: When did Tito die?

Hypothesis: Tito was a backer of independent roads to socialism (sometimes referred to as "national communism").


Premise: What event is believed to be the ethnic basis of the Greeks society?

Hypothesis: The ethnogenesis of the Greek nation is linked to the development of Pan-Hellenism in the 8th century BC.


Premise: Who had previously worked on fission bomb yields before Feynman?

Hypothesis: Feynman said he was persuaded to join this effort to build it before Nazi Germany developed their own bomb.


Premise: Where do dialects tend to be limited to in the Italian speaking regions?

Hypothesis: Conversely, in the French-speaking regions the local dialects have almost disappeared (only 6.3% of the population of Valais, 3.9% of Fribourg, and 3.1% of Jura still spoke dialects at the end of the 20th century), while in the Italian-speaking regions dialects are mostly limited to family settings and casual conversation.


Premise: Where does Seattle rank in rush hour traffic?

Hypothesis: For the five years beginning in 2010, Seattle gained an average of 14,511 residents per year, with the growth strongly skewed toward the center of the city, as unemployment dropped from roughly 9 percent to 3.6 percent.


Premise: From which jhana did Buddha gain bodhi?

Hypothesis: Yet, it is not clear what he was awakened to.[page needed] "


Premise: Who won season two?

Hypothesis: Ruben Studdard emerged as the winner, beating Clay Aiken by a small margin.


Premise: What kind of metal has Queen been associated with?

Hypothesis: The genres they have been associated with include progressive rock, symphonic rock, art rock, glam rock, hard rock, heavy metal, pop rock, and psychedelic rock.


Premise: What campus did Yale buy in 2008?

Hypothesis: Yale's central campus in downtown New Haven covers 260 acres (1.1 km2) and comprises its main, historic campus and a medical campus adjacent to the Yale-New Haven Hospital.


Premise: In 2007, how many Estonians used internet voting?

Hypothesis: The first internet voting took place in the 2005 local elections and the first in a parliamentary election was made available for the 2007 elections, in which 30,275 individuals voted over the internet.


Premise: How many B-29 bombers were airbases need for in Okinawa?

Hypothesis: The largest and bloodiest American battle came at Okinawa, as the U.S. sought airbases for 3,000 B-29 bombers and 240 squadrons of B-17 bombers for the intense bombardment of Japan's home islands in preparation for a full-scale invasion in late 1945.


Premise: What did Gen. Oreste Baratieri proclaim in the highlands along the Eritrean coast?

Hypothesis: In the vacuum that followed the 1889 death of Emperor Yohannes II, Gen. Oreste Baratieri occupied the highlands along the Eritrean coast and Italy proclaimed the establishment of the new colony of Italian Eritrea, a colony of the Kingdom of Italy.


Premise: What type of skin color has a better chance of a good life in Brazil?

Hypothesis: It is generally believed that achieving upward mobility and education results in individuals being classified as a category of lighter skin.


Premise: In the southwest, how high do temperatures get?

Hypothesis: The Southwest is a hot desert, with temperatures exceeding 100 °F (37.8 °C) for several weeks at a time in summer.


Premise: What do winners of the continental competition get to do?

Hypothesis: The winners of each continental competition contest the FIFA Club World Cup.


Premise: What is another word for Dukkha?

Hypothesis: The first truth explains the nature of dukkha.


Premise: Where was a center for tourist for the people of Lancashire's mill towns?

Hypothesis: Blackpool was a centre for tourism for the inhabitants of Lancashire's mill towns, particularly during wakes week.


Premise: What subdivision was associated with the land?

Hypothesis: The king or other highest administrative official elder directed the defense of the local area.


Premise: What were a large number of the local documents in regards to?

Hypothesis: Spanish mendicants in the sixteenth century taught indigenous scribes in their communities to write their languages in Latin letters and there is a large number of local-level documents in Nahuatl, Zapotec, Mixtec, and Yucatec Maya from the colonial era, many of which were part of lawsuits and other legal matters.


Premise: Where did early support for Darwin's findings come from?

Hypothesis: His strategy established that evolution through natural laws was worthy of scientific study, and by 1875, most scientists accepted that evolution occurred but few thought natural selection was significant.


Premise: The Renaissance is generally used to describe developments in what areas of life in the Middle Ages?

Hypothesis: It is now (generally) acknowledged that conditions were vastly different north and south of the Alps, and "Late Middle Ages" is often avoided entirely within Italian historiography.


Premise: What sort of theme is thought memorable for modern pub names?

Hypothesis: Interesting origins are not confined to old or traditional names, however.


Premise: In September 1849 where did Chopin take up residence?

Hypothesis: In June 1849 his sister Ludwika came to Paris with her husband and daughter, and in September, supported by a loan from Jane Stirling, he took an apartment at Place Vendôme 12.


Premise: How is "body dissatisfaction" defined?

Hypothesis: In teenagers, body dissatisfaction is often associated with body mass, low self-esteem, and atypical eating patterns.


Premise: Who was Montini's mentor that eventually became a Cardinal?

Hypothesis: He met the pope every morning until 1954 and thus developed a rather close relationship:


Premise: What is propagated by the richer states as a means to avoid or reduce fiscal transfers?

Hypothesis: Committees and expert commissions advocated a reduction of the number of states; academics (Rutz, Miegel, Ottnad etc.) and politicians (Döring, Apel, and others) made proposals –  some of them far-reaching –  for redrawing boundaries but hardly anything came of these public discussions.


Premise: What can the wind changes due to cooling cause in the Antarctic ice?

Hypothesis: As a result, the continental mass of the East Antarctic ice sheet is held at lower temperatures, and the peripheral areas of Antarctica, especially the Antarctic Peninsula, are subject to higher temperatures, which promote accelerated melting.


Premise: In which area are summer temperatures not high enough to release meltwater from glaciers?

Hypothesis: Many glaciers from temperate, alpine and seasonal polar climates store water as ice during the colder seasons and release it later in the form of meltwater as warmer summer temperatures cause the glacier to melt, creating a water source that is especially important for plants, animals and human uses when other sources may be scant.


Premise: Who said that virtue provides "the greatest happiness for the greatest numbers"?

Hypothesis: Francis Hutcheson, a moral philosopher, described the utilitarian and consequentialist principle that virtue is that which provides, in his words, "the greatest happiness for the greatest numbers".


Premise: What organization is responsible for building and operating the Delhi Metro system?

Hypothesis: New Delhi is a major junction in the Indian railway network and is the headquarters of the Northern Railway.


Premise: When did the Antarctic peninsula form?

Hypothesis: The Antarctic Peninsula began to form during the Jurassic period (206–146 Ma), and islands gradually rose out of the ocean.


Premise: What political structure did Vietnam have?

Hypothesis: The Vietnam War is often regarded as a low point for the U.S. Army due to the use of drafted personnel, the unpopularity of the war with the American public, and frustrating restrictions placed on the military by American political leaders.


Premise: What type of a cappella music is specific to American culture?

Hypothesis: The earliest reports of this style of a cappella music involved African Americans.


Premise: East of the Pindus mountains, the climate is drier due to what?

Hypothesis: This climate occurs at all coastal locations, including Athens, the Cyclades, the Dodecanese, Crete, the Peloponnese, the Ionian Islands and parts of the Central Continental Greece region.


Premise: The existence of the Confederation of the Rhine brought about the end of which imperial power?

Hypothesis: A collection of German states intended to serve as a buffer zone between France and Central Europe, the creation of the Confederation spelled the end of the Holy Roman Empire and significantly alarmed the Prussians.


Premise: Where did NBC correspondant Kelly O'Donnell attend school?

Hypothesis: The Medill School of Journalism has produced notable journalists and political activists including 38 Pulitzer Prize laureates.


Premise: Which middle eastern city did the papermaking process to Europe from?

Hypothesis: Because of paper's introduction to the West through the city of Baghdad, it was first called bagdatikos.


Premise: Football made which wars more tense in the 1990's?

Hypothesis: The sport also exacerbated tensions at the beginning of the Yugoslav Wars of the 1990s, when a match between Dinamo Zagreb and Red Star Belgrade degenerated into rioting in May 1990.


Premise: WHen did they find the polish kingdom?

Hypothesis: The Szlachta were noble in the Aryan sense -- "noble" in contrast to the people over whom they ruled after coming into contact with them.:482


Premise: What did the Prussians want Germany to unify under?

Hypothesis: The Austrians favoured the Greater Germany unification but were not willing to give up any of the non-German-speaking land inside of the Austrian Empire and take second place to Prussia.


Premise: What other groups does the FBI Academy train?

Hypothesis: The Academy trains state and local law enforcement agencies, which are invited to the law enforcement training center.


Premise: In what classification is a person who gives up the chance for a true self and adopts social perceptions of him or herself?

Hypothesis: The strategic manipulator is a person who begins to regard all senses of identity merely as role-playing exercises, and who gradually becomes alienated from his or her social "self".


Premise: What could be coupled with an antenna to form pure resistance?

Hypothesis: By adding an inductance in series with the antenna, a so-called loading coil, the capacitive reactance of this antenna can be cancelled leaving a pure resistance which can then be matched to the transmission line.


Premise: How much of the Earth's cotton crops are planted in GM cotton?

Hypothesis: cotton farming in China found that after seven years these secondary pests that were normally controlled by pesticide had increased, necessitating the use of pesticides at similar levels to non-Bt cotton and causing less profit for farmers because of the extra expense of GM seeds.


Premise: Who is named as the highest entity worshiped in Dvaitadvaita?

Hypothesis: Also, the highest object of worship is Krishna and his consort Radha, attended by thousands of gopis; of the Vrindavan; and devotion consists in self-surrender.


Premise: What does Kerry feel Bush aliented the American people with?

Hypothesis: This advanced the suggestion that Kerry would pay more attention to domestic concerns; it also encapsulated Kerry's contention that Bush had alienated American allies by his foreign policy.


Premise: What is usually higher during a monsoon compared throughout the rest of the year?

Hypothesis: Large areas of the city do not have storm sewers, so monsoon rains flood the main thoroughfares, usually for no longer than a few hours.


Premise: What is not allowed when Grand Lodges are not in amity?

Hypothesis: There are many reasons why one Grand Lodge will withhold or withdraw recognition from another, but the two most common are Exclusive Jurisdiction and Regularity.


Premise: Which explorer first saw the Marshall Islands?

Hypothesis: The islands derive their name from British explorer John Marshall, who visited in 1788.


Premise: At the time when BeiDou-2 system began offering services, what was the positioning data the system was able to provide?

Hypothesis: The BeiDou-2 system began offering services for the Asia-Pacific region in December 2012.


Premise: How many General Category properties does each code point have?

Hypothesis: The General Category is not useful for every use, since legacy encodings have used multiple characteristics per single code point.


Premise: The large skilled English-speaking workforce of New Delhi has been able to attract what type of organizations to the city?

Hypothesis: The city's service sector has expanded due in part to the large skilled English-speaking workforce that has attracted many multinational companies.


Premise: When did the FBI begin the Trilogy project?

Hypothesis: In 2000, the FBI began the Trilogy project to upgrade its outdated information technology (IT) infrastructure.


Premise: How many a cappella groups does Washington University have?

Hypothesis: The Pikers, an all-male group, is the oldest such group on campus.


Premise: Where did the Gothic architecture style originate?

Hypothesis: Gothic architecture is a style of architecture that flourished during the high and late medieval period.


Premise: Attic Greek lenited to what?

Hypothesis: d/ of Attic Greek lenited to voiceless and voiced fricatives, yielding /θ ð/ in Medieval and Modern Greek.


Premise: What city plan helped redevelop the Bronx?

Hypothesis: Since the late 1980s, significant development has occurred in the Bronx, first stimulated by the city's "Ten-Year Housing Plan" and community members working to rebuild the social, economic and environmental infrastructure by creating affordable housing.


Premise: What is one way by which pesticides lose their efficacy?

Hypothesis: In order to reduce negative impacts, it is desirable that pesticides be degradable or at least quickly deactivated in the environment.


Premise: What was used in first recordings of vinyl records?

Hypothesis: For the first several decades of disc record manufacturing, sound was recorded directly on to the "master disc" at the recording studio.


Premise: Which Detroit theater has 4,404 seats?

Hypothesis: Major theaters in Detroit include the Fox Theatre (5,174 seats), Music Hall (1,770 seats), the Gem Theatre (451 seats), Masonic Temple Theatre (4,404 seats), the Detroit Opera House (2,765 seats), the Fisher Theatre (2,089 seats), The Fillmore Detroit (2,200 seats), Saint Andrew's Hall, the Majestic Theater, and Orchestra Hall (2,286 seats) which hosts the renowned Detroit Symphony Orchestra.


Premise: What factor has caused an increased demand for fish?

Hypothesis: Population pressure on the resources of Funafuti and inadequate sanitation systems have resulted in pollution.


Premise: A term that refers to the highs and lows of power in electro magnetic waves is?

Hypothesis: At each interface, depending on the impedance match, some fraction of the wave's energy will reflect back to the source, forming a standing wave in the feed line.


Premise: What's another word for "sputum"?

Hypothesis: Since MTB retains certain stains even after being treated with acidic solution, it is classified as an acid-fast bacillus.


Premise: What year was the Santa Monica junior college founded?

Hypothesis: The Art Institute of California – Los Angeles is also located in Santa Monica near the Santa Monica Airport.


Premise: The Great Smokey Mountains and the Black Moutains are subranges of what mountains?

Hypothesis: Among the subranges of the Appalachians located in the state are the Great Smoky Mountains, Blue Ridge Mountains, Great Balsam Mountains, and Black Mountains.


Premise: Which constitution did Burke condemn on May 6, 1791?

Hypothesis: Burke was interrupted, and Fox intervened, saying that Burke should be allowed to carry on with his speech.


Premise: Typically, what color are London taxi cabs?

Hypothesis: The distinctive red double-decker buses are an internationally recognised trademark of London transport along with black cabs and the Tube.


Premise: What disciplines in medicine have particularly strong immunology applications?

Hypothesis: Immunology has applications in numerous disciplines of medicine, particularly in the fields of organ transplantation, oncology, virology, bacteriology, parasitology, psychiatry, and dermatology.


Premise: What year was the IFAB formed?

Hypothesis: FIFA, the international football body, was formed in Paris in 1904 and declared that they would adhere to Laws of the Game of the Football Association.


Premise: What groups was Mysore fighting in the later half of the 18th century?

Hypothesis: Under their rule, Mysore fought a series of wars sometimes against the combined forces of the British and Marathas, but mostly against the British, with Mysore receiving some aid or promise of aid from the French.


Premise: Who was the former director of the CFTC that testified before the Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation on June 3, 2008?

Hypothesis: Michael Greenberger specifically named the Atlanta-based IntercontinentalExchange, founded by Goldman Sachs, Morgan Stanley and BP as playing a key role in speculative run-up of oil futures prices traded off the regulated futures exchanges in London and New York.


Premise: Which river landform partly in Tennessee provided the most fertile land for cotton production?

Hypothesis: Although cotton was an early crop in Tennessee, large-scale cultivation of the fiber did not begin until the 1820s with the opening of the land between the Tennessee and Mississippi Rivers.


Premise: What style of architecture did Gothic architecture evolve from?

Hypothesis: Gothic architecture is a style of architecture that flourished during the high and late medieval period.


Premise: When did the Habsburgs  sell the Sundgau territory to France?

Hypothesis: This situation prevailed until 1639, when most of Alsace was conquered by France so as to keep it out of the hands of the Spanish Habsburgs, who wanted a clear road to their valuable and rebellious possessions in the Spanish Netherlands.


Premise: What parts of China did they come from?

Hypothesis: The Qing dynasty was founded not by Han Chinese, who constitute the majority of the Chinese population, but by a sedentary farming people known as the Jurchen, a Tungusic people who lived around the region now comprising the Chinese provinces of Jilin and Heilongjiang.


Premise: What was a common background of post-punk musicians?

Hypothesis: Many of these artists drew on backgrounds in art and viewed their music as invested in particular political or aesthetic agendas.


Premise: Are there any clubs Scotland or Ireland in the Premier League?

Hypothesis: Participation in the Premier League by some Scottish or Irish clubs has sometimes been discussed, but without result.


Premise: When did Whitehead go to America?

Hypothesis: Whitehead was able to exert his newfound influence to successfully lobby for a new history of science department, help establish a Bachelor of Science degree (previously only Bachelor of Arts degrees had been offered), and make the school more accessible to less wealthy students.


Premise: What year was the National Charter released?

Hypothesis: In order to organize and solidify his popular base with Egypt's citizens and counter the army's influence, Nasser introduced the National Charter in 1962 and a new constitution.


Premise: What is in Summerhaven?

Hypothesis: In Summerhaven, visitors will find log houses and cabins, a general store, and various shops, as well as numerous hiking trails.


Premise: When did John make his first visit to Ireland?

Hypothesis: In 1185 John made his first visit to Ireland, accompanied by 300 knights and a team of administrators.


Premise: How many members make up the Presbyterian church in Australia?

Hypothesis: Presbyterian churches were founded in each colony, some with links to the Church of Scotland and others to the Free Church.


Premise: In 1863, why was Aboriginal population declining?

Hypothesis: The Aboriginal population continued to decline with an estimated 80% total decrease by 1863, due primarily to introduced diseases, particularly smallpox, frontier violence and dispossession from their lands.


Premise: What do bacteria use as carbon and energy sources?

Hypothesis: Such elements as the Agrobacterium Ti or Ri plasmids contain elements that can transfer to plant cells.


Premise: who was the resident DJ at The Warehouse in Chicago?

Hypothesis: Clubbers to The Warehouse were primarily black and gay, who came to dance to music played by the club's resident DJ Frankie Knuckles, whom fans refer to as the "godfather of house".


Premise: The first private company to offer Hyderabad internet service began offering it in what year?

Hypothesis: The first public internet access service began in 1995, with the first private sector internet service provider (ISP) starting operations in 1998.


Premise: What part of Oklahoma is the Tallgrass Prairie Preserve in?

Hypothesis: With 39,000 acres (158 km2), the Tallgrass Prairie Preserve in north-central Oklahoma is the largest protected area of tallgrass prairie in the world and is part of an ecosystem that encompasses only 10 percent of its former land area, once covering 14 states.


Premise: What did Beatrice do to her mothers diaries after her death?

Hypothesis: According to one of her biographers, Giles St Aubyn, Victoria wrote an average of 2,500 words a day during her adult life.


Premise: What did the Colloquy of Marburg become infamous for?

Hypothesis: A meeting was held in his castle in 1529, now known as the Colloquy of Marburg, which has become infamous for its failure.


Premise: What type of names do "blacks" have?

Hypothesis: Other than by appearance, "Coloureds" can usually be distinguished from "Blacks" by language.


Premise: How do we know that wine was made in ancient Egypt?

Hypothesis: Thus it has been proposed that Syrah red wine is named after Shiraz, a city in Persia where the grape was used to make Shirazi wine.[citation needed]


Premise: Because all five were in the top ten of Billboard's charts, this made Idol what?

Hypothesis: Starting late in season five, individual performances were released during the season as digital downloads, initially from the American Idol official website only.


Premise: What is another name Free Radio San Diego is known by?

Hypothesis: The radio stations in San Diego include nationwide broadcaster, Clear Channel Communications; CBS Radio, Midwest Television, Lincoln Financial Media, Finest City Broadcasting, and many other smaller stations and networks.


Premise: Along with All-4-One, Boyz II Men, Rob Thomas, Christina Aguilera and Backstreet Boys, what 90s artists were notable in the pop/R&B genre?

Hypothesis: Latin pop artists such as Lynda Thomas, Ricky Martin, Marc Anthony, Selena, Enrique Iglesias and Luis Miguel also enjoyed success in the AC charts.


Premise: In the 2006 study, Southampton was discovered to be one of the lowest carbon emitters out of major cities in what large geographical area?

Hypothesis: In a 2006 survey of carbon emissions in major UK cities conducted by British Gas, Southampton was ranked as being one of the lowest carbon emitting cities in the United Kingdom.


Premise: What is the name of another French Dominican friar during this time?

Hypothesis: The Dominicans of the province of France furnished Lacordaire (1835–1836, 1843–1851), Jacques Monsabré (1869–1870, 1872–1890), Joseph Ollivier (1871, 1897), Thomas Etourneau (1898–1902).[citation needed]


Premise: What type of educational plan does the Central Board of Secondary Education use in Hyderabad?

Hypothesis: Depending on the institution, students are required to sit the Secondary School Certificate or the Indian Certificate of Secondary Education.


Premise: When was the Treaty of Paris signed?

Hypothesis: The war was officially ended by the Treaty of Paris, signed on 30 March 1856.


Premise: How many of Carl Laemmle, Sr.'s relatives were working for Universal as of 1928?

Hypothesis: Many of them were nephews, resulting in Carl, Sr. being known around the studios as "Uncle Carl."


Premise: What town did Choules say had the only Main Street more beautiful than Southampton's?

Hypothesis: The High Street opens from the quay, and under various names it winds in a gently sweeping line for one mile and a half, and is of very handsome width.


Premise: When was the first Sino-Japanese War?

Hypothesis: When, in response to the violently anti-foreign Yihetuan ("Boxers"), foreign powers invaded China, the Empress Dowager declared war on them, leading to defeat and the flight of the Imperial Court to Xi'an.


Premise: What must the referee do to rule the match at an end via disqualification?

Hypothesis: In practice, not all rule violations will result in a disqualification as the referee may use their own judgement and is not obligated to stop the match.


Premise: What is the name of the earliest dynastic Sumerian king?

Hypothesis: (c. 26th century BC), whose name is also mentioned in the Gilgamesh epic—leading to the suggestion that Gilgamesh himself might have been a historical king of Uruk.


Premise: How long was Jesus said to be in the tomb?

Hypothesis: Others have countered by saying that this ignores the Jewish idiom by which a "day and night" may refer to any part of a 24-hour period, that the expression in Matthew is idiomatic, not a statement that Jesus was 72 hours in the tomb, and that the many references to a resurrection on the third day do not require three literal nights.


Premise: What is one type of configuration in which a capacitor may have its connecting leads organized?

Hypothesis: The leads (until bent) are usually in planes parallel to that of the flat body of the capacitor, and extend in the same direction; they are often parallel as manufactured.


Premise: MediaOne merged with what telecommunications company?

Hypothesis: However, MediaOne decided to accept AT&T Corporation's offer of $62 billion instead.


Premise: What are some of the negative experiences that peer pressure can influence during adolescence?

Hypothesis: Further evidence of peers hindering social development has been found in Spanish teenagers, where emotional (rather than solution-based) reactions to problems and emotional instability have been linked with physical aggression against peers.


Premise: Who was sent to negotiate a peace treaty with the rebels?

Hypothesis: Hearing of the seriousness of the revolt, Emperor Charles V (also King of Spain) sent captain Francisco Barrionuevo to negotiate a peace treaty with the ever-increasing number of rebels.


Premise: How many quake lakes formed?

Hypothesis: As of May 27, 2008, 34 lakes had formed due to earthquake debris blocking and damming rivers, and it was estimated that 28 of them were still of potential danger to the local people.


Premise: A Soviet double agent working for The Times in Spain was a war correspondent during what war in the late 1930s?

Hypothesis: Kim Philby, a Soviet double agent, was a correspondent for the newspaper in Spain during the Spanish Civil War of the late 1930s.


Premise: What did Hume bring to empiricism?

Hypothesis: Hume argued in keeping with the empiricist view that all knowledge derives from sense experience, but he accepted that this has implications not normally acceptable to philosophers.


Premise: What were the issue dates of the three-episode series on this public health issue?

Hypothesis: However, the industry's self-censorship board, the Comics Code Authority, refused to approve the story because of the presence of narcotics, deeming the context of the story irrelevant.


Premise: When were the first set of subsidiary forts planned?

Hypothesis: However, this plan came to fruition only in November 1723, when Captain Manuel Henriques de Noronha reached the shores of Montevideo with soldiers, guns and colonists on his warship Nossa Senhora de Oliveara.


Premise: John sent William Longespee to retake what?

Hypothesis: Having regained the south-east John split his forces, sending William Longespée to retake the north side of London and East Anglia, whilst John himself headed north via Nottingham to attack the estates of the northern barons.


Premise: What portion of the biosphere would be devastated absent the complex pollination role of insects?

Hypothesis: Insect pollinators are essential to the life-cycle of many flowering plant species on which most organisms, including humans, are at least partly dependent; without them, the terrestrial portion of the biosphere (including humans) would be devastated.


Premise: When did the FAA decide to expand passengers use of portable elctronic devices during all phases of flight?

Hypothesis: On October 31, 2013, after outcry from media outlets, including heavy criticism  from Nick Bilton of The New York Times, the FAA announced it will allow airlines to expand the passengers use of portable electronic devices during all phases of flight, but mobile phone calls will still be prohibited.


Premise: What does LSO stand for?

Hypothesis: Conventional ("tailhook") aircraft rely upon a landing signal officer (LSO, radio call sign paddles) to monitor the aircraft's approach, visually gauge glideslope, attitude, and airspeed, and transmit that data to the pilot.


Premise: What region of dialects is the Volga River area in?

Hypothesis: Besides the absence of vowel reduction, some dialects have high or diphthongal /e


Premise: What kind of style does the Neapolitan mandolin have?

Hypothesis: It usually has a bent sound table, canted in two planes with the design to take the tension of the 8 metal strings arranged in four courses.


Premise: When was the first satellite for the BeiDou-1 system launched?

Hypothesis: The last operational satellite of the constellation, BeiDou-1C, was launched on May 25, 2003.


Premise: What album did she re-release in Spanish?

Hypothesis: While she almost exclusively releases English songs, Beyoncé recorded several Spanish songs for Irreemplazable (re-recordings of songs from B'Day for a Spanish-language audience), and the re-release of B'Day.


Premise: When do the Vedas date back to?

Hypothesis: The earliest recorded Western philosophy of time was expounded by the ancient Egyptian thinker Ptahhotep (c. 2650–2600 BC), who said, "Do not lessen the time of following desire, for the wasting of time is an abomination to the spirit."


Premise: How is a coreless motor cooled?

Hypothesis: But because there is no metal mass in the rotor to act as a heat sink, even small coreless motors must often be cooled by forced air.


Premise: Where does Mac hardware boot directly to in all Intel-based Macs?

Hypothesis: The most common workaround, is to boot into Mac OS and then to hand over control to a Mac OS-based bootloader application.


Premise: At what point did instruments begin to receive condemnation from Christians?

Hypothesis: Toward the end of the 2nd century, Christians began condemning the instruments themselves.


Premise: What party was Helsinki-86 in disagreement with?

Hypothesis: The CTAG (Latvian: Cilvēktiesību aizstāvības grupa, Human Rights Defense Group) Helsinki-86 was founded in July 1986 in the Latvian port town of Liepāja by three workers: Linards Grantiņš, Raimonds Bitenieks, and Mārtiņš Bariss.


Premise: In what year was home brewing first allowed in the UK?

Hypothesis: A dedicated building for the making of beer is called a brewery, though beer can be made in the home and has been for much of its history.


Premise: What attributes do religions all roughly share?

Hypothesis: Different religious traditions assign differing (though often similar) attributes and characteristics to God, including expansive powers and abilities, psychological characteristics, gender characteristics, and preferred nomenclature.


Premise: Near what body of water did al-Umari say Ifat was located?

Hypothesis: The Sultanate of Ifat, led by the Walashma dynasty with its capital at Zeila, ruled over parts of what is now eastern Ethiopia, Djibouti, and northern Somalia.


Premise: When was Swansea City's home match played against Wigan Athletic?

Hypothesis: The first Premier League match to be played outside England was Swansea City's home match at the Liberty Stadium against Wigan Athletic on 20 August 2011.


Premise: What was the necklace made of?

Hypothesis: The other gods tricked Hera into letting her go by offering her a necklace, nine yards (8 m) long, of amber.


Premise: Which topic did Feynman's commencement speech at Caltech center around?

Hypothesis: In 1974, Feynman delivered the Caltech commencement address on the topic of cargo cult science, which has the semblance of science, but is only pseudoscience due to a lack of "a kind of scientific integrity, a principle of scientific thought that corresponds to a kind of utter honesty" on the part of the scientist.


Premise: What was Fantasia's coronation song?

Hypothesis: Fantasia released as her coronation single "I Believe", a song co-written by season one finalist Tamyra Gray, and DeGarmo released "Dreams".


Premise: Who was Feynman's wife?

Hypothesis: While pursuing his PhD at Princeton, Feynman married his high school sweetheart, Arline Greenbaum (often misspelled "Arlene"), despite the knowledge that she was seriously ill with tuberculosis—an incurable disease at the time.


Premise: When did the sixth season of Digimon begin airing?

Hypothesis: It began airing in Japan on TV Asahi from July 6, 2010 onwards.


Premise: What types of ice storms sometimes hit Richmond?

Hypothesis: However, dry periods lasting several weeks do occur, especially in autumn when long periods of pleasant, mild weather are most common.


Premise: The packet schooner St Helena brought supplies of what to the island?

Hypothesis: After Napoleon's death, the thousands of temporary visitors were soon withdrawn and the East India Company resumed full control of Saint Helena.


Premise: How many people were expelled??

Hypothesis: Ethnic Russians were sent in to replace those expelled and


Premise: What is Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar University earned?

Hypothesis: Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry has earned a unique distinction in India for imparting teaching, research and extension education in horticulture, forestry and allied disciplines.


Premise: Who provoked a conflict by crossing the 38th parallel?

Hypothesis: At dawn on Sunday, 25 June 1950, the Korean People's Army crossed the 38th parallel behind artillery fire.


Premise: Where does informal learning occur?

Hypothesis: Informal learning for young people is an ongoing process that also occurs in a variety of places, such as out of school time, in youth programs at community centers and media labs.


Premise: Wings from modified gills is from what origin?

Hypothesis: These theories include suggestions that wings originated from modified gills, spiracular flaps or as from an appendage of the epicoxa.


Premise: When was the editorial published?

Hypothesis: The article noted that major healthcare organizations such as National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences of the National Institutes of Health, the President’s Council of Advisors on Science and Technology, the World Economic Forum, the Gates Foundation, the Wellcome Trust, and the Food and Drug Administration had encouraged greater interactions between physicians and industry in order to bring greater benefits to patients.


Premise: How many days after his abdication did Napoleon leave Paris?

Hypothesis: Napoleon returned to Paris and found that both the legislature and the people had turned against him.


Premise: Which film did Beyoncé star with Steve Martin in?

Hypothesis: Her first acting role of 2006 was in the comedy film The Pink Panther starring opposite Steve Martin, grossing $158.8 million at the box office worldwide.


Premise: Who took over after Boganda died?

Hypothesis: Within a year, he declared the establishment of the Central African Republic and served as the country's first prime minister.


Premise: What did some militia members in Somalia weld in the exhaust of the RPG tube to protect the shooter?

Hypothesis: Firing an RPG at steep angles poses a danger to the user, because the backblast from firing reflects off the ground.


Premise: What opera legend also has a famous restaurant in Mexico City?

Hypothesis: There are branches of the exclusive Japanese restaurant Suntory, Rome's famed Alfredo, as well as New York steakhouses Morton's and The Palm, and Monte Carlo's BeefBar.


Premise: What is God in deism?

Hypothesis: In pantheism, God is the universe itself.


Premise: WHat is Panentheism?

Hypothesis: —but only as an addition to the Jewish view of a personal god, not in the original pantheistic sense that denies or limits persona to God.[citation needed]


Premise: From what did parliament evolve?

Hypothesis: Originally, legislative power was exercised by the sovereign acting on the advice of the Curia Regis, or Royal Council, in which important magnates and clerics participated and which evolved into parliament.


Premise: Are there any purebreed lines for poultry today?

Hypothesis: Since their domestication, a large number of breeds of chickens have been established, but with the exception of the white Leghorn, most commercial birds are of hybrid origin.


Premise: What letter of the alphabet do most of the last names the men of Greecs end with ?

Hypothesis: Commonly, Greek male surnames end in -s, which is the common ending for Greek masculine proper nouns in the nominative case.


Premise: As Victorias rule became less polital, what values were emphasized?

Hypothesis: The concept of the "family monarchy", with which the burgeoning middle classes could identify, was solidified.


Premise: How did Pitt's strategy affect Britain's future plans?

Hypothesis: As prime minister Pitt committed Britain to a grand strategy of seizing the entire French Empire, especially its possessions in North America and India.


Premise: How many artists signed the frame of the mosaic at the Church of St Stephen?

Hypothesis: Six mosaic masters signed the work: Staurachios from Esbus, Euremios, Elias, Constantinus, Germanus and Abdela.


Premise: According to the CIA World Factbook, what is the total area of the US in miles?

Hypothesis: These source consider only the 50 states and the Federal District, and exclude overseas territories.


Premise: The amount of solar energy per year is twice as much as the energy that will ever be produced from what resources?

Hypothesis: In 2002, this was more energy in one hour than the world used in one year.


Premise: What was the name of Shen Fu's memoir?

Hypothesis: The art of the novel reached a pinnacle in Cao Xueqin's Dream of the Red Chamber, but its combination of social commentary and psychological insight were echoed in highly skilled novels such as Wu Jingzi's The Scholars (1750) and Li Ruzhen's Flowers in the Mirror (1827).


Premise: Allotrophy happens between what temperatures?

Hypothesis: At a certain temperature, (usually between 1,500 °F (820 °C) and 1,600 °F (870 °C), depending on carbon content), the base metal of steel undergoes a change in the arrangement of the atoms in its crystal matrix, called allotropy.


Premise: Who visited Chopin in 1844 and wrote about his inability to move?

Hypothesis: He was forced by illness to decline a written invitation from Alkan to participate in a repeat performance of the Beethoven Seventh Symphony arrangement at Erard's on 1 March 1843.


Premise: The recognition of a Greek state happened in what year?

Hypothesis: As a result of years of negotiation, the nascent Greek state was finally recognized under the London Protocol in 1830.


Premise: When did the term for the people of Burma become a common place word in English?

Hypothesis: Myanmar is considered to be the literary form of the name of the group, while Burma is derived from "Bamar", the colloquial form of the group's name.


Premise: Who was the artist that painted the fresco that replaced the mosaic at Santa Sobina?

Hypothesis: Christ was seated on a globe with the twelve Apostles flanking him, six on either side.


Premise: Where is Volkswagen Group's AutoEuropa assembly plant located?

Hypothesis: Alverca, Covilhã, Évora, and Ponte de Sor are the main centres of the Portuguese aerospace industry, which is led by Brazil-based company Embraer and the Portuguese company OGMA.


Premise: How many times is the word "Quran" used in the Quran?

Hypothesis: Muslims regard the Quran as the most important miracle of Muhammad, a proof of his prophethood, and the culmination of a series of divine messages that started with the messages revealed to Adam and ended with Muhammad.


Premise: Where was the water brought from by the friars' supply system?

Hypothesis: Elsewhere, remnants of the medieval water supply system devised by the friars can still be seen today.


Premise: What was produced during the time the Island was monocrop?

Hypothesis: St Helena's economy is now weak, and is almost entirely sustained by aid from the British government.


Premise: How does the Air Force promote security to its allies?

Hypothesis: The Air Force maintains and presents credible deterrent capabilities through successful visible demonstrations and exercises which assure allies, dissuade proliferation, deter potential adversaries from actions that threaten US national security or the populations and deployed military forces of the US, its allies and friends.


Premise: In the Fall, people go to North Carolina to see what?

Hypothesis: North Carolina offers fall colors, freshwater and saltwater fishing, hunting, birdwatching, agritourism, ATV trails, ballooning, rock climbing, biking, hiking, skiing, boating and sailing, camping, canoeing, caving (spelunking), gardens, and arboretums.


Premise: when was the bombay trading post established?

Hypothesis: The company established trading posts in Surat (1619), Madras (1639), Bombay (1668), and Calcutta (1690).


Premise: When did the Licchavi period end?

Hypothesis: These art and architectural edifices encompass three major periods of evolution: the Licchavi or classical period (500 to 900 AD), the post-classical period (1000 to 1400 AD), with strong influence of the Palla art form; the Malla period (1400 onwards) that exhibited explicitly tantric influences coupled with the art of Tibetan Demonology.


Premise: Which province supplied a large amount of people to the Sichuan resettlement, following years of turmoil during the Ming-Qing transition?

Hypothesis: As a result of the massacre as well as years of turmoil during the Ming-Qing transition, the population of Sichuan fell sharply, requiring a massive resettlement of people from the neighboring Huguang Province (modern Hubei and Hunan) and other provinces during the Qing dynasty.


Premise: What did Feynam think of the Talmud?

Hypothesis: Later in his life, during a visit to the Jewish Theological Seminary, he encountered the Talmud for the first time, and remarked that he found it a "wonderful book" and "valuable".


Premise: How many square miles does Boston cover?

Hypothesis: The city proper covers 48 square miles (124 km2) with an estimated population of 655,884 in 2014, making it the largest city in New England and the 24th largest city in the United States.


Premise: When did academic schooling begin in the Roman Republic?

Hypothesis: Schooling in a more formal sense was begun around 200 BC.


Premise: Who did Burke write to about the price of corn?

Hypothesis: In November 1795, there was a debate in Parliament on the high price of corn and Burke wrote a memorandum to Pitt on the subject.


Premise: When did glassworkers begin to consider their products fine art?

Hypothesis: From about 1960 onwards there have been an increasing number of small studios hand-producing glass artworks, and glass artists began to class themselves as in effect sculptors working in glass, and their works as part fine arts.


Premise: What metatextual character does Stefan Wild focus on in his discussion of the Quran?

Hypothesis: A text is self-referential when it speaks about itself and makes reference to itself.


Premise: What type of political religious beliefs does Elizabeth seemed to support?

Hypothesis: She does have a deep sense of religious and civic duty, and takes her coronation oath seriously.


Premise: Who was President Roosevelt's key advisor?

Hypothesis: The council never had any direct operational control, and any decisions it made were referred to the U.S.-UK Combined Chiefs of Staff, which was also in Washington.


Premise: What year was the Teatro Solis inaugurated?

Hypothesis: In 1856 the Teatro Solís was inaugurated, 15 years after the beginning of its construction.


Premise: What day is know in the United States as "V-J Day"?

Hypothesis: In Japan, 14 August is considered to be the day that the Pacific War ended.


Premise: Whose advice does a sovereign follow?

Hypothesis: Under modern constitutional conventions, the sovereign acts on the advice of his or her ministers.


Premise: What disaster caused a massive migration in the Fujiian region?

Hypothesis: However, the massive migration of northern Han Chinese into Fujian region mainly occurred after the Disaster of Yongjia.


Premise: Is change in bodily distribution of fat and muscle the same or different between males and females during puberty?

Hypothesis: This process is different for females and males.


Premise: What is the number of members on the city's council?

Hypothesis: The city is governed by a mayor and a 9-member city council.


Premise: In 2014, how much research funding did Northwestern receive?

Hypothesis: Northwestern was elected to the Association of American Universities in 1917 and remains a research university with "very high" research activity.


Premise: What event brought thousands of people to Alaska in the 1890s to early 1910s?

Hypothesis: Starting in the 1890s and stretching in some places to the early 1910s, gold rushes in Alaska and the nearby Yukon Territory brought thousands of miners and settlers to Alaska.


Premise: Miniature paintings of the Ottoman empire featured what kind of subjects?

Hypothesis: Two of the main scripts involved are the symbolic kufic and naskh scripts, which can be found adorning the walls and domes of mosques, the sides of minbars, and so on.


Premise: WHy did the foundation make the switch

Hypothesis: In 2009, the Foundation decided to refocus its WASH effort mainly on sustainable sanitation services for the poor, using non-piped sanitation services (i.e. without the use of sewers), and less on water supply.


Premise: When did the design begin for the 12.8 centimeter FlaK?

Hypothesis: In the late 1930s the 10.5 cm FlaK 38 appeared soon followed by the 39, this was designed primarily for static sites but had a mobile mounting and the unit had 220v 24 kW generators.


Premise: What power was Congress given by the Constitution?

Hypothesis: The U.S. Constitution provides that Congress shall have the power to "borrow money on the credit of the United States".


Premise: What is the UK's equivalent to the CIA?

Hypothesis: While the preceding agencies both collect and analyze information, some like the U.S. State Department's Bureau of Intelligence and Research are purely analytical agencies.[citation needed]


Premise: Slaves were not allowed to do what?

Hypothesis: Additionally, African Americans found it, near, impossible to learn about their Indigenous American heritage as many family elders withheld pertinent genealogical information.


Premise: How many municiplaities are in Bern?

Hypothesis: The Bern agglomeration, which includes 36 municipalities, had a population of 406,900 in 2014.


Premise: Who must Link fight at the end of a dungeon level?

Hypothesis: Link navigates these dungeons and fights a boss at the end in order to obtain an item or otherwise advance the plot.


Premise: What's the oldest rugby team in Southampton?

Hypothesis: The city is also well provided for in amateur men's and women's rugby with a number of teams in and around the city, the oldest of which is Trojans RFC who were promoted to London South West 2 division in 2008/9.


Premise: Near where do the rivers form up for the Missouri river merging?

Hypothesis: From this point, it then flows generally east through fairly flat agricultural land and the Missouri Breaks to Fort Peck reservoir.


Premise: What was boycotted by American musicians in 1943?

Hypothesis: In July 1943, as a result of the American Federation of Musicians boycott of US recording studios, the a cappella vocal group The Song Spinners had a best-seller with "Comin'


Premise: What connector provides four power/ground pairs?

Hypothesis: The Type-C plug connects to both hosts and devices, replacing various Type-A and Type-B connectors and cables with a standard meant to be future-proof, similar to Apple Lightning and Thunderbolt.


Premise: How is hunting regulated?

Hypothesis: Hunting is primarily regulated by state law; additional regulations are imposed through United States environmental law in the case of migratory birds and endangered species.


Premise: How many types of transistors are there?

Hypothesis: There are two types of transistors, which have slight differences in how they are used in a circuit.


Premise: What is the mean height of the Alp's peak?

Hypothesis: In areas like Chiasso, Switzerland, and Neuschwanstein, Bavaria, the demarcation between the mountain range and the flatlands are clear; in other places such as Geneva, the demarcation is less clear.


Premise: What is the cephalic phase?

Hypothesis: In mammals, preparation for digestion begins with the cephalic phase in which saliva is produced in the mouth and digestive enzymes are produced in the stomach.


Premise: What causes the behavioral adaptations necessary for migration?

Hypothesis: This explains the rapid appearance of migratory behavior after the most recent glacial maximum.


Premise: What office of NARA oversees the declassification of classified materials?

Hypothesis: Its Information Security Oversight Office monitors and sets policy for the U.S. government's security classification system.


Premise: What magazine does Ramin Wetoodeh write for?

Hypothesis: Some of the later writers about the show were more positive, Michael Slezak, again of Entertainment Weekly, thought that "for all its bloated, synthetic, product-shilling, money-making trappings, Idol provides a once-a-year chance for the average American to combat the evils of today's music business."


Premise: What type of risk assessment results in approving the drug to go on the market?

Hypothesis: The FDA review the data and if the product is seen as having a positive benefit-risk assessment, approval to market the product in the US is granted.


Premise: Where are most of these companies located in an airport?

Hypothesis: Most of these companies, many of which are internationally known brands, are located within the departure areas.


Premise: Who was ultimately responsible for the naval ships that were sent to the English Channel?

Hypothesis: Under Caesar, an invasion fleet was assembled in the English Channel to allow the invasion of Britannia; under Pompey, a large fleet was raised in the Mediterranean Sea to clear the sea of Cilician pirates.


Premise: When was the 50th anniversary of his death?

Hypothesis: The people that gathered there at the tomb were from Bergamo, the province where the late pope came from.


Premise: Who were the founders of progressive education?

Hypothesis: In time, some ideas from these experiments and paradigm challenges may be adopted as the norm in education, just as Friedrich Fröbel's approach to early childhood education in 19th-century Germany has been incorporated into contemporary kindergarten classrooms.


Premise: why type of  dye was one of the East  India company's main  products?

Hypothesis: With reduced Portuguese and Spanish influence in the region, the EIC and Dutch East India Company (VOC) entered a period of intense competition, resulting in the Anglo-Dutch Wars of the 17th and 18th centuries.


Premise: Which event destroyed the former patronage and corporatism of France and allowed women to participate in society?

Hypothesis: The salon was the principal social institution of the republic, and "became the civil working spaces of the project of Enlightenment."


Premise: What leader twice fainted during the funeral?

Hypothesis: King Hussein and Arafat cried openly, and Muammar Gaddafi of Libya fainted from emotional distress twice.


Premise: To what areas of the Roman empire did the Romans take their deities?

Hypothesis: By the height of the Empire, numerous international deities were cultivated at Rome and had been carried to even the most remote provinces, among them Cybele, Isis, Epona, and gods of solar monism such as Mithras and Sol Invictus, found as far north as Roman Britain.


Premise: What are code points in the range U+D800-U+DBFF known as?

Hypothesis: Code points in the range U+D800–U+DBFF (1,024 code points) are known as high-surrogate code points, and code points in the range U+DC00–U+DFFF (1,024 code points) are known as low-surrogate code points.


Premise: Where was the event launching the publicly-available archive held?

Hypothesis: When the archive reached its fifth anniversary, it was unveiled and opened to the public in a ceremony at the University of California, Berkeley.


Premise: What penultimate work by Alexis de Tocqueville makes mention of New Haven's original theocratic government?

Hypothesis: New Haven was the subject of Who Governs?


Premise: What promotes not only the peace of mind but also peace in the community?

Hypothesis: Keeping the precepts promotes not only the peace of mind of the cultivator, which is internal, but also peace in the community, which is external.


Premise: How did Frederick respond to the loss of a supply convoy?

Hypothesis: Following an Austrian victory at the Battle of Domstadtl that wiped out a supply convoy destined for Olmütz, Frederick broke off the siege and withdrew from Moravia.


Premise: What is the work called that Martin Luther created regarding Jews and heresy?

Hypothesis: In his work "On the Jews and Their Lies" (1543), German Reformation leader Martin Luther claims that Jewish history was "assailed by much heresy", and that Christ the logos swept away the Jewish heresy and goes on to do so, "as it still does daily before our eyes."


Premise: How did Jan Joosten van Lodensteijn die?

Hypothesis: On a return journey from Batavia Joosten drowned after his ship ran aground.


Premise: Who ranked BYU as the best college in Utah?

Hypothesis: Forbes Magazine ranked it as the No. 1 "Top University to Work


Premise: Why did the Sumerian farmers make their oxen stomp the ground?

Hypothesis: As is known from the "Sumerian Farmer's Almanac", after the flood season and after the Spring Equinox and the Akitu or New Year Festival, using the canals, farmers would flood their fields and then drain the water.


Premise: Where did the moniker McCain-Feingold Bill come from?

Hypothesis: Examples of 527s include Swift Boat Veterans for Truth, MoveOn.org, the Media Fund, and America Coming Together.


Premise: What is the study of interaction between living things?

Hypothesis: A major focus of anthrozoologic research is the quantifying of the positive effects of human-animal relationships on either party and the study of their interactions.


Premise: When was a study about the DNA of a young boy published in Nature?

Hypothesis: "We estimate that 14 to 38 percent of Native American ancestry may originate through gene flow from this ancient population," the authors wrote.


Premise: In what year was Plymouth Synagogue constructed?

Hypothesis: The Plymouth Synagogue is a Listed Grade II* building, built in 1762 and is the oldest Ashkenazi Synagogue in the English speaking world.


Premise: When did the torch arrive in Canberra?

Hypothesis: The event was held in Canberra, Australian Capital Territory on April 24, and covered around 16 km of Canberra's central areas, from Reconciliation Place to Commonwealth Park.


Premise: What percentage of the City of Bostons population is 19 and under?

Hypothesis: 37.1% of all households were made up of individuals and 9.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.


Premise: How many Jews were arrested following German orders?

Hypothesis: On 14 June 1940, the German army marched into Paris, which had been declared an "open city".


Premise: When did Vazgen acquire his position?

Hypothesis: The church, which suffered greatly under Stalin, was revived when Catholicos Vazgen I assumed the duties of his office in 1955.


Premise: Who granted the charter for Sir Walter Raleigh to travel to present day North Carolina?

Hypothesis: In 1584, Elizabeth I granted a charter to Sir Walter Raleigh, for whom the state capital is named, for land in present-day North Carolina (then part of the territory of Virginia).


Premise: Equestrianism regained importance in Montevideo after what?

Hypothesis: The Uruguayan Basketball League is headquartered in Montevideo and most of its teams are from the city, including Defensor Sporting, Biguá, Aguada, Goes, Malvín, Unión Atlética, and Trouville.


Premise: Who was the commander of the army when the coup occurred?

Hypothesis: His assassination was quickly followed by a military coup d'état on 21 October 1969 (the day after his funeral), in which the Somali Army seized power without encountering armed opposition — essentially a bloodless takeover.


Premise: In what year did Lee stop giving interviews about the book?

Hypothesis: Starting in 1964, Lee began to turn down interviews, complaining that the questions were monotonous, and grew concerned that attention she received bordered on the kind of publicity celebrities sought.


Premise: To what historical figure can the words "Do you love me more" be attributed?

Hypothesis: And yet, Paul felt compelled to admit his ardent Gospel-based desire to be everything to everybody and to help all people Being the successor of Peter, he felt the words of Christ, "Do you love me more" like a sharp knife penetrating to the marrow of his soul.


Premise: What was a benefit to broadcasters of recording standards?

Hypothesis: Empirically, and not by any formula, it was learned that the bass end of the audio spectrum below 100 Hz could be boosted somewhat to override system hum and turntable rumble noises.


Premise: What are some animals in the Arthropoda group?

Hypothesis: The largest animal phylum belongs here, the Arthropoda, including insects, spiders, crabs, and their kin.


Premise: How is hydrogen used as a food additive?

Hypothesis: In more recent applications, hydrogen is used pure or mixed with nitrogen (sometimes called forming gas) as a tracer gas for minute leak detection.


Premise: Where was the first open competition for brass bands held?

Hypothesis: It also played a major part in the development of brass bands which emerged in the county, particularly in the textile and coalfield areas, in the 19th century.


Premise: Where does the Downeaster service to maine start?

Hypothesis: Meanwhile, Amtrak's Downeaster service to Maine originates at North Station, despite the current lack of a dedicated passenger rail link between the two railhubs, other than the "T" subway lines.


Premise: What did the iMac G3 do to the Mac reputation?

Hypothesis: In 1998, after the return of Steve Jobs, Apple consolidated its multiple consumer-level desktop models into the all-in-one iMac G3, which became a commercial success and revitalized the brand.


Premise: By 1838 how many companies beside Claridge's were offering asphalt?

Hypothesis: In 1838, Claridge obtained patents in Scotland on 27 March, and Ireland on 23 April, and in 1851 extensions were sought for all three patents, by the trustees of a company previously formed by Claridge.


Premise: What period is the Bergakker inscription from that shows characteristics of the Old Dutch language?

Hypothesis: Hardly influenced by either development, Old Dutch remained close to the original language of the Franks, the people that would rule Europe for centuries.


Premise: On what date did Frédéric give his first performance at the Salle Pleyel?

Hypothesis: The critic François-Joseph Fétis wrote in the Revue et gazette musicale: "Here is a young man who ... taking no model, has found, if not a complete renewal of piano music, ... an abundance of original ideas of a kind to be found nowhere else ..."


Premise: Who led the Estado Novo?

Hypothesis: These actions were used to affirm Portugal's status as a transcontinental nation and not as a colonial empire.


Premise: Who built the Louvre Pyramid?

Hypothesis: Contemporary architecture includes the Musée du Quai Branly by Jean Nouvel (2006) and the new contemporary art museum of the Louis Vuitton Foundation by Frank Gehry (2014).


Premise: What is the name if the band that has Chris Daughtry as its lead singer?

Hypothesis: Other contestants, such as Hicks, McPhee, Bucky Covington, Mandisa, Kellie Pickler, and Elliott Yamin have had varying levels of success.


Premise: What does membrane accomplish?

Hypothesis: Bacteria were once seen as simple bags of cytoplasm, but structures such as the prokaryotic cytoskeleton and the localization of proteins to specific locations within the cytoplasm that give bacteria some complexity have been discovered.


Premise: The fifteenth century also shows evidence of what in Masonic history?

Hypothesis: The fifteenth century also sees the first evidence of ceremonial regalia.


Premise: Iranian languages are all said to be derived from which predecessor?

Hypothesis: The term Iranian is applied to any language which descends from the ancestral Proto-Iranian language.


Premise: What happened in June 1859?

Hypothesis: Derby's ministry did not last long, and in June 1859 Victoria recalled Palmerston to office.


Premise: When was the Royal Manchester College of Music founded?

Hypothesis: It merged with the Northern College of Music (formed in 1920) to form the Royal Northern College of Music in 1972.


Premise: What's an example of a softwood that isn't "soft," and is actually harder than a lot of hardwoods?

Hypothesis: Conversely, some softwoods (e.g. yew) are harder than many hardwoods.


Premise: The Illyrian ecoregion is known as what?

Hypothesis: Phytogeographically, Greece belongs to the Boreal Kingdom and is shared between the East Mediterranean province of the Mediterranean Region and the Illyrian province of the Circumboreal Region.


Premise: In what city did Sony hold their 2006 PlayStation Business Briefing?

Hypothesis: PlayStation Network is the unified online multiplayer gaming and digital media delivery service provided by Sony Computer Entertainment for PlayStation 3 and PlayStation Portable, announced during the 2006 PlayStation Business Briefing meeting in Tokyo.


Premise: What was the average age of American Idols viewers in its first season?

Hypothesis: By the time of the 2010–11 television season, Fox was in its seventh consecutive season of victory overall in the 18–49 demographic ratings in the United States.


Premise: In what time period did GE pollute the Hudson River with PCBs?

Hypothesis: This pollution caused a range of harmful effects to wildlife and people who eat fish from the river or drink the water.


Premise: When did scientists begin searching for a more defined guideline for textual criticism?

Hypothesis: Since the canons of criticism are highly susceptible to interpretation, and at times even contradict each other, they may be employed to justify a result that fits the textual critic's aesthetic or theological agenda.


Premise: Are 122nd Street's three segments contiguous or noncontiguous?

Hypothesis: ; -73.9540 122nd Street is divided into three noncontiguous segments, E 122nd Street, W 122nd Street, and W 122nd Street Seminary Row, by Marcus Garvey Memorial Park and Morningside Park.


Premise: What did king louis of hungary do for the nobles?

Hypothesis: In 1374 King Louis of Hungary approved the Privilege of Koszyce (Polish: "przywilej koszycki" or "ugoda koszycka") in Košice in order to guarantee the Polish throne for his daughter Jadwiga.


Premise: How many consecutive La Liga titles did Barcelona win from 1991-94?

Hypothesis: They also won a Copa del Rey in 1990, the European Super Cup in 1992 and three Supercopa de España trophies.