Premise: For what action was government assistance necessary after the Tuvalu cyclone??

Hypothesis: Government and Non-Government Organisations provided assistance technical, funding and material support to Tuvalu to assist with recovery, including WHO, UNICEF, UNDP, OCHA, World Bank, DFAT, New Zealand Red Cross & IFRC, Fiji National University and governments of New Zealand, Netherlands, UAE, Taiwan and the United States.


Premise: Out of all nations in Central America, which provided the most legal immigrants in 2013?

Hypothesis: Amidst a resurgence of Puerto Rican migration to New York City, this population had increased to approximately 1.3 million in the metropolitan area as of 2013.


Premise: What is the capacity of water that the dams on Cyprus can hold?

Hypothesis: Dams remain the principal source of water both for domestic and agricultural use; Cyprus has a total of 107 dams (plus one currently under construction) and reservoirs, with a total water storage capacity of about 330,000,000 m3 (1.2×1010 cu ft).


Premise: What was the wiec?

Hypothesis: Later, when safety required power to be consolidated, an elected prince was chosen to govern.


Premise: What kind of system was the coats of arms?

Hypothesis: Coats of arms were very important to the Polish nobility.


Premise: What was Frederick's response to the occupation by Hadik?

Hypothesis: Subsequently, Hadik was promoted to the rank of Marshal in the Austrian army.


Premise: Who denounced Jewish People in many of his writings?

Hypothesis: The identification of Jews and heretics in particular occurred several times in Roman-Christian law,


Premise: The Maratharas gained what over Rajputana?

Hypothesis: The Mughal Empire continued to weaken, and with the decline of the Mughal Empire in the 18th century, Rajputana came under the suzerainty of the Marathas.


Premise: How did the 187 Airborne Regimental Combat Team prevent North Korean leaders from fleeing?

Hypothesis: The 187th Airborne Regimental Combat Team ("Rakkasans") made their first of two combat jumps during the Korean War on 20 October 1950 at Sunchon and Sukchon.


Premise: Who appointed five Aboriginal Protectors for the Aborigines of Victoria in 1839?

Hypothesis: Between 1836 and 1842 Victorian Aboriginal groups were largely dispossessed[by whom?] of their land.


Premise: The new Iranian government following the Shah's downfall dealt with the Kurdish rebellion in what year?

Hypothesis: The immediate nationwide uprisings against the new government began by the 1979 Kurdish rebellion with the Khuzestan uprisings, along with the uprisings in Sistan and Baluchestan Province and other areas.


Premise: What do researches believe must be taken into account for women in these studies?

Hypothesis: Some researchers argue that women's sexual orientation depends less on their patterns of sexual arousal than men's and that other components of sexual orientation (like emotional attachment) must be taken into account when describing women's sexual orientations.


Premise: Who awarded a teaching license in Islamic schools?

Hypothesis: A significant difference between the ijāzat al-tadrīs and the licentia docendi was that the former was awarded by the individual scholar-teacher, while the latter was awarded by the chief official of the university, who represented the collective faculty, rather than the individual scholar-teacher.


Premise: What was the item called that recorded the sounds?

Hypothesis: The loudest instruments such as the drums and trumpets were positioned the farthest away from the collecting horn.


Premise: When did the University of Michigan leave Detroit?

Hypothesis: In June 2009, the Michigan State University College of Osteopathic Medicine which is based in East Lansing opened a satellite campus located at the Detroit Medical Center.


Premise: When did the university acquire the property for the West Campus?

Hypothesis: The West Campus is located about one mile (1.6 km) to the west of the Danforth Campus in Clayton, Missouri, and primarily consists of a four-story former department store building housing mostly administrative space.


Premise: What amount of conventional pesticide use does the agricultural sector account for?

Hypothesis: In 2006 and 2007 the U.S. used approximately 0.5 megatonnes (1.1×109 lb) of pesticides, accounting for 22% of the world total, including 857 million pounds (389 kt) of conventional pesticides, which are used in the agricultural sector (80% of conventional pesticide use) as well as the industrial, commercial, governmental and home & garden sectors.


Premise: Some seabird species only come ashore for what purpose?

Hypothesis: Birds live and breed in most terrestrial habitats and on all seven continents, reaching their southern extreme in the snow petrel's breeding colonies up to 440 kilometres (270 mi) inland in Antarctica.


Premise: What percent of the population is born somewhere else in Switzerland?

Hypothesis: There were 27,573 or 21.4% who were born in the same canton, while 25,818 or 20.1% were born somewhere else in Switzerland, and 27,812 or 21.6% were born outside of Switzerland.


Premise: What was on the land at 30 degrees latitude north in the carboniferous period?

Hypothesis: These conditions apparently had little effect in the deep tropics, where lush coal swamps flourished within 30 degrees of the northernmost glaciers.


Premise: The "To Secure These Rights" findings wanted desegregation of which institution?

Hypothesis: The rationale was fairness: "When an individual enters the service of the country, he necessarily surrenders some of the rights and privileges which are inherent in American citizenship."


Premise: The United Nations Statistics Division defines Western Asia to contain what?

Hypothesis: " The United Nations Statistics Division defines Western Asia to contain the countries included elsewhere in the Middle East.


Premise: What was the Naval Air Station Bermuda originally?

Hypothesis: The principal installation, Kindley Air Force Base on the eastern coast, was transferred to the US Navy in 1970 and redesignated Naval Air Station Bermuda.


Premise: What is the lowest zone of the Alps called?

Hypothesis: The lowest zone is the colline zone, which exists between 500 and 1,000 m (1,640 and 3,281 ft), depending on the location.


Premise: Movements were influenced by philosophical thought within the Vedic tradition such as what?

Hypothesis: At the same time, these movements were influenced by, and in some respects continued, philosophical thought within the Vedic tradition as reflected e.g. in the Upanishads.


Premise: The necessary exists due to what?

Hypothesis: Yet, to require differentia entails that they exist 'due-to-themselves' as well as 'due to what is other than themselves'; and this is contradictory.


Premise: What type of business is LeClairRyan?

Hypothesis: Law and finance have long been driving forces in the economy.


Premise: What does NESA Teach?

Hypothesis: It teaches courses and holds seminars and workshops for government officials and military officers who will work or are working within its region.


Premise: Who was hired to replace windows in the Chapel from 1949-1952?

Hypothesis: The very large and ornate School Hall and School Library (by L K. Hall) were erected in 1906-8 across the road from Upper School as the school's memorial to the Etonians who had died in the Boer War.


Premise: What are the tallest trees in the world?

Hypothesis: Much of the Pacific Northwest coast is inhabited by some of the densest vegetation outside of the Tropics, and also the tallest trees in the world (the Redwoods).


Premise: What was the old name of Heart Hampshire?

Hypothesis: In addition, Southampton University has a radio station called SURGE, broadcasting on AM band as well as through the web.


Premise: Why is there a debate as to dubbing the diamondback terrapin the oldest indigenous land vertebrate?

Hypothesis: The Bermuda rock skink was long thought to have been the only indigenous land vertebrate of Bermuda, discounting the marine turtles that lay their eggs on its beaches.


Premise: Who wrote The Threepenny Opera?

Hypothesis: Classical music has often incorporated elements or material from popular music of the composer's time.


Premise: What was done to tin to make it stronger?

Hypothesis: As a pure metal, tin was much too soft to be used for any practical purpose.


Premise: Who was the first Dalai Lama to have political control over Tibet?

Hypothesis: " To further cement the Mongol-Tibetan alliance, the great-grandson of Altan Khan—the 4th Dalai Lama (1589–1616)—was made the fourth Dalai Lama.


Premise: When did the Chinese attack Burma?

Hypothesis: This cut the Burma Road which was the western Allies' supply line to the Chinese Nationalists.


Premise: What rebellion happened in 1160?

Hypothesis: Though originally sent to provincial areas for a fixed four-year term as a magistrate, the toryo declined to return to the capital when their terms ended, and their sons inherited their positions and continued to lead the clans in putting down rebellions throughout Japan during the middle- and later-Heian period.


Premise: Upon dealing with leakage current and parasitic effects in a realistic model of a capacitor, what sort of methods can then be applied?

Hypothesis: The usual methods of network analysis can then be applied.


Premise: What did the female descendants of Argos have to accomplish ?

Hypothesis: His daughters Danaides, were forced in Tartarus to carry a jug to fill a bathtub without a bottom.


Premise: What does rich alluvial diamond deposits make Namibia a source of?

Hypothesis: There are offshore gas deposits in the Atlantic Ocean that are planned to be extracted in the future.


Premise: What was the founding year of the New York Daily News?

Hypothesis: Major tabloid newspapers in the city include: The New York Daily News, which was founded in 1919 by Joseph Medill Patterson and The New York Post, founded in 1801 by Alexander Hamilton.


Premise: The idea of an ice-age that completely covered a continent was suggested by whom?

Hypothesis: Louis Agassiz and others established the reality of continent-covering ice ages, and "fluvialists" like Andrew Crombie Ramsay argued that river valleys were formed, over millions of years by the rivers that flow through them.


Premise: What was Spectre's original name?

Hypothesis: With the acquisition of the film rights and the organisation's re-introduction to the series' continuity, the SPECTRE acronym was discarded and the organisation reimagined as "Spectre".


Premise: Which country did the RSFSR border on the west?

Hypothesis: Within the Soviet Union, the RSFSR bordered the Ukrainian, Belarusian, Estonian, Latvian and Lithuanian SSRs to its west and Azerbaijan, Georgian and Kazakh SSRs to the south.


Premise: What was the name of the poet Chopin became acquainted with in Paris?

Hypothesis: In Paris, Chopin encountered artists and other distinguished figures, and found many opportunities to exercise his talents and achieve celebrity.


Premise: A sate of unrestrained political corruption is known as what?

Hypothesis: For instance, some political funding practices that are legal in one place may be illegal in another.


Premise: What percentage of it's population did Poland lose in the war?

Hypothesis: It is possible that around 62 million people died in the war; estimates vary greatly.


Premise: Who did a recording where Étude Op. 10 No. 5. follows relude Op. 28 No. 7?

Hypothesis: 28 No. 7 is followed by the Étude Op.


Premise: How long did Prohibition last?

Hypothesis: It was during Prohibition that racketeer and political boss Enoch L. "Nucky" Johnson rose to power.


Premise: What was Eugene Atget known for photographing?

Hypothesis: Numerous photographers achieved renown for their photography of Paris, including Eugène Atget, noted for his depictions of street scenes, Robert Doisneau, noted for his playful pictures of people and market scenes (among which Le baiser de l'hôtel de ville has became iconic of the romantic vision of Paris), Marcel Bovis, noted for his night scenes, and others such as Jacques-Henri Lartigue and Cartier-Bresson.


Premise: What king ruled Persia in 520 BC?

Hypothesis: In 530 BC Cyrus the Great, King of the Persian Achaemenid Empire crossed the Hindu-Kush mountains to seek tribute from the tribes of Kamboja, Gandhara and the trans-India region (modern Afghanistan and Pakistan).


Premise: What was the last husband of Jacquelyn Kennedy known for ?

Hypothesis: The most notable shipping magnate of the 20th century was Aristotle Onassis, others being Yiannis Latsis, George Livanos, and Stavros Niarchos.


Premise: When did translation of material into Arabic begin to increase?

Hypothesis: Translation of material into Arabic expanded after the creation of Arabic script in the 5th century, and gained great importance with the rise of Islam and Islamic empires.


Premise: How many municipalities are in Thuringia?

Hypothesis: Today, all municipalities within districts are equal in law, whether they are towns or villages.


Premise: North Zhejiang and south Jiangsu are famed for their opulence and what else?

Hypothesis: In particular, the fame of Hangzhou (as well as Suzhou in neighbouring Jiangsu province) has led to the popular saying: "Above there is heaven; below there is Suzhou and Hangzhou" (上有天堂，下有苏杭), a saying that continues to be a source of pride for the people of these two still prosperous cities.


Premise: What are most prokaryotic genes organized into?

Hypothesis: The products of operon genes typically have related functions and are involved in the same regulatory network.:7.3


Premise: Why did some critics say that Chopin was too delicate?

Hypothesis: He gave two piano concerts and received many favourable reviews—in addition to some commenting (in Chopin's own words) that he was "too delicate for those accustomed to the piano-bashing of local artists".


Premise: What are high-index glasses erroneously called?

Hypothesis: This may be modified by adding low-density materials such as boron, which lowers the index of refraction (see crown glass), or increased (to as much as 1.8) with high-density materials such as (classically) lead oxide (see flint glass and lead glass), or in modern uses, less toxic oxides of zirconium, titanium, or barium.


Premise: What population of Hyderabad lived in slums in 2012?

Hypothesis: About 22% of the slum-dwelling households had migrated from different parts of India in the last decade of the 20th century, and 63% claimed to have lived in the slums for more than 10 years.:55 Overall literacy in the slums is 60–80% and female literacy is 52–73%.


Premise: Soul competency (liberty), salvation through faith alone, Scripture alone as the rule of faith and practice, and the autonomy of the local congregation what examples of what?

Hypothesis: Baptists are individuals who comprise a group of Christian denominations and churches that subscribe to a doctrine that baptism should be performed only for professing believers (believer's baptism, as opposed to infant baptism), and that it must be done by complete immersion (as opposed to affusion or sprinkling).


Premise: Which entities have the capability to refer a bill to the Supreme Court?

Hypothesis: Royal assent is signified by letters patent under the Great Seal of Scotland in the following form which is set out in The Scottish Parliament (Letters Patent and Proclamations)


Premise: Did the Bishops have someone else in mind?

Hypothesis: "When the Bishops of the Church assembled to elect their new Patriarch, the whole Catholic population surrounded the church, holding up their hands to Heaven and crying; "Give us Athanasius!"


Premise: Where did the drug traffickers come from?

Hypothesis: The government and the military have done little to stop drug trafficking, which increased after the 2012 coup d'état.


Premise: What was the name of the cultural development that defined the black American literary canon?

Hypothesis: New York has long had a flourishing scene for Jewish American literature.


Premise: How much money did Lipitor make before the patent expired?

Hypothesis: The best-selling drug ever, Lipitor, averaged $13 billion annually and netted $141 billion total over its lifetime before Pfizer's patent expired in November 2011.


Premise: What are the only airside locations where filming is allowed?

Hypothesis: Most airports welcome filming on site, although it must be agreed in advance and may be subject to a fee.


Premise: What two things did the operators of the gun have to do?

Hypothesis: The Kerrison was fairly simple, but it pointed the way to future generations that incorporated radar, first for ranging and later for tracking.


Premise: Along with distribution and studio operations, what part of Universal was retained by Carl Laemmle, Jr. during bankruptcy?

Hypothesis: Taking on the task of modernizing and upgrading a film conglomerate in the depths of the depression was risky, and for a time Universal slipped into receivership.


Premise: In what year did the king demand ale-sellers post signage on pain of forfeiture?

Hypothesis: The legislation stated "Whosoever shall brew ale in the town with intention of selling it must hang out a sign, otherwise he shall forfeit his ale.


Premise: What breed was so prolific it became a prototype of hound?

Hypothesis: It is believed this "dog" type was so common, it eventually became the prototype of the category "hound".


Premise: When did the colonies collectively become a part of the Commonwealth  of Australia?

Hypothesis: They kept the systems of government that they had developed as separate colonies but also would have a federal government that was responsible for matters concerning the whole nation.


Premise: What was a concern of the Kinsey scale?

Hypothesis: A third concern with the Kinsey scale is that it inappropriately measures heterosexuality and homosexuality on the same scale, making one a tradeoff of the other.


Premise: What basic trait do all hunter-gatherers share?

Hypothesis: American hunter-gatherers were spread over a wide geographical area, thus there were regional variations in lifestyles.


Premise: What was the purpose of launching the BeiDou-1C satellite?

Hypothesis: The third satellite, BeiDou-1C (a backup satellite), was put into orbit on 25 May 2003.


Premise: Who can restore a database that has been corrupted?

Hypothesis: Sometimes it is desired to bring a database back to a previous state (for many reasons, e.g., cases when the database is found corrupted due to a software error, or if it has been updated with erroneous data).


Premise: What treaty did Stalin and China enter into?

Hypothesis: The Soviets had detonated their first nuclear bomb in September 1949; American soldiers had fully withdrawn from Korea; the Americans had not intervened to stop the communist victory in China, and Stalin calculated that the Americans would be even less willing to fight in Korea—which had seemingly much less strategic significance.


Premise: How does Tucson rank among US metro areas?

Hypothesis: As of 2015, The Greater Tucson Metro area has exceeded a population of 1 million.


Premise: What is the legal status of nobilitas?

Hypothesis: The Polish term "szlachta" designated the formalized, hereditary noble class of Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth.


Premise: What is the effective f-number proportional to?

Hypothesis: The effective f-number is proportional to the ratio between the lens focal length and aperture diameter, the diameter itself being proportional to the square root of the aperture area.


Premise: Using animal fur as clothing was once considered what?

Hypothesis: The use of animal fur in clothing dates to prehistoric times.


Premise: What does the transcription factor wrap around?

Hypothesis: The transcription factor wraps around the DNA helix and uses its fingers to accurately bind to the DNA sequence.


Premise: What overlaps significantly with Haredi Judiasm?

Hypothesis: Hasidic or Chasidic Judaism overlaps significantly with Haredi Judaism in its engagement with the secular and commercial world, and in regard to social issues.


Premise: What Senate group held hearings on the purchase?

Hypothesis: The US Senate Judiciary Committee held a hearing on the deal on April 9, 2014.


Premise: With whom did Chopin go to Berlin?

Hypothesis: In September 1828 Chopin, while still a student, visited Berlin with a family friend, zoologist Feliks Jarocki, enjoying operas directed by Gaspare Spontini and attending concerts by Carl Friedrich Zelter, Felix Mendelssohn and other celebrities.


Premise: What does the word 'customer' properly apply to?

Hypothesis: On July 22, 2008, in the aftermath of the Southwest Airlines inspection scandal, a bill was unanimously approved in the House to tighten regulations concerning airplane maintenance procedures, including the establishment of a whistleblower office and a two-year "cooling off" period that FAA inspectors or supervisors of inspectors must wait before they can work for those they regulated.


Premise: How many offices have been established in Houston by foreign governments?

Hypothesis: Foreign governments have established 92 consular offices in Houston's metropolitan area, the third highest in the nation.


Premise: Who did Güshi Khan grant the governing authority to?

Hypothesis: Van Praag writes that at this point Güshi Khan maintained control over the armed forces, but accepted his inferior status towards the Dalai Lama.


Premise: What England's average percentage for people claiming job seeker's allowance?

Hypothesis: In March 2007 there were 120,305 jobs in Southampton, and 3,570 people claiming job seeker's allowance, approximately 2.4 per cent of the city's population.


Premise: How long did Digimon stay off the air before returning?

Hypothesis: Despite all that, the setting of the country was still in Japan and the characters were Japanese in the dub.


Premise: What part of birds was found on an expedition to Mt. Everest?

Hypothesis: An expedition to Mt. Everest found skeletons of northern pintail Anas acuta and black-tailed godwit Limosa limosa at 5,000 m (16,000 ft) on the Khumbu Glacier.


Premise: Who is also called Kanti?

Hypothesis: Thus, Kathmandu is also known as Kasthamandap.


Premise: What are S roads, the mid-level that connects district capitals to regional capitals?

Hypothesis: Roads that are considered primary roads are those that are fully asphalted (throughout their entire length) and in general they carry traffic between all the major towns in Eritrea.


Premise: Nigeria was the second African country to perform which medical procedure?

Hypothesis: In 2012, a new bone marrow donor program was launched by the University of Nigeria to help people with leukaemia, lymphoma, or sickle cell disease to find a compatible donor for a life-saving bone marrow transplant, which cures them of their conditions.


Premise: Is a warrant required before or after a wiretap?

Hypothesis: In the 1927 case Olmstead v. United States, in which a bootlegger was caught through telephone tapping, the United States Supreme Court ruled that FBI wiretaps did not violate the Fourth Amendment as unlawful search and seizure, as long as the FBI did not break into a person's home to complete the tapping.


Premise: What Hindu philosophy is about naturalism?

Hypothesis: Some sub-schools share Tantric ideas with those found in some Buddhist traditions.


Premise: What is so well known about this period ?

Hypothesis: It is so named because it set the standards by which Greek civilization would be judged in later eras.


Premise: Who decided Ukraine's official language?

Hypothesis: On October 28, 1989, the Ukrainian Supreme Soviet decreed that effective January 1, 1990, Ukrainian would be the official language of Ukraine, while Russian would be used for communication between ethnic groups.


Premise: What type of locomotive technology was to be developed by GE under its Ecoimagination program?

Hypothesis: In May 2005, GE announced the launch of a program called "Ecomagination," intended, in the words of CEO Jeff Immelt "to develop tomorrow's solutions such as solar energy, hybrid locomotives, fuel cells, lower-emission aircraft engines, lighter and stronger durable materials, efficient lighting, and water purification technology".


Premise: Which author popularized a pessimistic view of the Late Middle Ages in his 1919 book?

Hypothesis: As economic and demographic methods were applied to the study of history, the trend was increasingly to see the late Middle Ages as a period of recession and crisis.


Premise: What is added to the ending in suffix pairs?

Hypothesis: The verbs of most aspect pairs differ in one of two ways: by prefix or by suffix.


Premise: During what decade did rock and roll music first rise to popularity?

Hypothesis: One big impetus for the development of the AC radio format was that, when rock and roll music first became popular in the mid-1950s, many more conservative radio stations wanted to continue to play current hit songs while shying away from rock.


Premise: A unified German Empire ended the balance of power in which congress?

Hypothesis: The creation of a unified German Empire ended the balance of power that had been created with the Congress of Vienna after the end of the Napoleonic Wars.


Premise: Which confederation conquered the territories north of the Han's border?

Hypothesis: The territories north of Han's borders were quickly overrun by the nomadic Xianbei confederation.


Premise: Who wrote to Burgoyne on February 8th?

Hypothesis: The Lord Cowley wrote on 8 February to Burgoyne "Your visit to Paris has produced a visible change in the Emperor's views, and he is making every preparation for a land expedition in case the last attempt at negotiation should break down.":411


Premise: In addition to individual applications, what modern systems that control the basic functions of a computer typically use UTC?

Hypothesis: Some applications standardize on UTC to avoid problems with clock shifts and time zone differences.


Premise: What was one of the variants of the mandolin that was used?

Hypothesis: There are also reports that the mandolin was mostly a woman's musical instrument.


Premise: Who sponsored the ninth tour?

Hypothesis: In the season twelve tour a semi-finalist who won a sing-off was also added to the tour.


Premise: Besides census records and passenger lists, what NARA documents are particularly useful to genealogists?

Hypothesis: Many of NARA's most requested records are frequently used for genealogy research.


Premise: Who were the early settlers of Ann Arbor?

Hypothesis: While the earlier settlers were primarily of British ancestry, the newer settlers also consisted of Germans, Irish, and African-Americans.


Premise: Who was the residing judge of the lawsuit?

Hypothesis: In June 2010, Viacom's lawsuit against Google was rejected in a summary judgment, with U.S. federal Judge Louis L. Stanton stating that Google was protected by provisions of the Digital Millennium Copyright Act.


Premise: What is the average day temperature on the coast during summer?

Hypothesis: The middle of summer is hot – in July and August on the coast the average temperature is usually around 33 °C (91 °F) during the day and around 22 °C (72 °F) at night (inland, in the highlands average temperature exceeds 35 °C (95 °F)) while in the June and September on the coast the average temperature is usually around 30 °C (86 °F) during the day and around 20 °C (68 °F) at night in Limassol, while is usually around 28 °C (82 °F) during the day and around 18 °C (64 °F) at night in Paphos.


Premise: How do cheap variable capacitors vary the separation distance between layers of a plastic and aluminum?

Hypothesis: Mechanically controlled variable capacitors allow the plate spacing to be adjusted, for example by rotating or sliding a set of movable plates into alignment with a set of stationary plates.


Premise: How did Burke think the Whigs secretly felt?

Hypothesis: They are secretly galled.


Premise: What tribes inhibited the area that now constitutes Himachal Pradesh?

Hypothesis: Tribes such as the Koilis, Halis, Dagis, Dhaugris, Dasa, Khasas, Kinnars, and Kirats inhabited the region from the prehistoric era.


Premise: Interstate 26 begins on what part of Charleston?

Hypothesis: Interstate 26 begins in downtown Charleston, with exits to the Septima Clark Expressway, the Arthur Ravenel, Jr. Bridge and Meeting Street.


Premise: How much did Minority Report earn?

Hypothesis: The film earned over $358 million worldwide.


Premise: Attempts to unify Latin, Greek, and Cyrillic would create which sort of problems?

Hypothesis: As briefly discussed in Unicode Technical Note #26, "In terms of implementation issues, any attempt at a unification of Latin, Greek, and Cyrillic would wreak havoc [and] make casing operations an unholy mess, in effect making all casing operations context sensitive […]".


Premise: When is HMS Queen Elizabeth projected to commission?

Hypothesis: The ships are HMS Queen Elizabeth and HMS Prince of Wales.


Premise: Which group of people were wrongly blamed for all the disasters that struck the region?

Hypothesis: These hardships were blamed on Jews, leading to the pogroms of 1336 and 1339.


Premise: In what area did the French army display superior technology to its opponents?

Hypothesis: If he could not use his favourite envelopment strategy, he would take up the central position and attack two co-operating forces at their hinge, swing round to fight one until it fled, then turn to face the other.


Premise: Are there specific rules for wearing head dresses?

Hypothesis: Each is coloured according to the distinctive uniform worn: navy (white or navy blue), army (rifle green or "regimental" colour), air force (light blue).


Premise: What part of the original model PS3s starting causing problems in March of 2010?

Hypothesis: On March 1, 2010 (UTC), many of the original "fat" PlayStation 3 models worldwide were experiencing errors related to their internal system clock.


Premise: What two major biotech companies are headquartered in San Diego?

Hypothesis: San Diego is also home to more than 140 contract research organizations (CROs) that provide a variety of contract services for pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies.


Premise: In what century did humanistic phycology rise in prominence?

Hypothesis: Psychologists Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow introduced a positive, humanistic psychology in response to what they viewed as the overly pessimistic view of psychoanalysis in the early 1960s.


Premise: What is the term for the amount of uranium-235 needed to sustain a nuclear chain reaction?

Hypothesis: Most neutrons released by a fissioning atom of uranium-235 must impact other uranium-235 atoms to sustain the nuclear chain reaction.


Premise: Who attacked Scout and Jem?

Hypothesis: Despite Tom's conviction, Bob Ewell is humiliated by the events of the trial, Atticus explaining that he "destroyed [Ewell's] last shred of credibility at that trial.


Premise: Does England have its own Parliament?

Hypothesis: England does not have its own parliament and English affairs continue to be decided by the Westminster Parliament.


Premise: To which Galilean city did Joseph and Mary take Jesus?

Hypothesis: After the prophecies of Simeon and the prophetess Anna in Luke 2:25-38 concluded, Joseph and Mary took Jesus and "returned into Galilee, to their own city Nazareth".[Luke 2:39]


Premise: What kind of scholarly interest has Czech received?

Hypothesis: Standard Czech is still the norm for politicians, businesspeople and other Czechs in formal situations, but Common Czech is gaining ground in journalism and the mass media.


Premise: What is the ratio of boron to potassium nitrate in green pyrotechnic flares?

Hypothesis: Smoke can be turned green by a mixture: solvent yellow 33, solvent green 3, lactose, magnesium carbonate plus sodium carbonate added to potassium chlorate.


Premise: In Whitehead's view, identities do not define people, but what?

Hypothesis: But in Whitehead's cosmology, the only fundamentally existent things are discrete "occasions of experience" that overlap one another in time and space, and jointly make up the enduring person or thing.


Premise: What is the average coldest temperature?

Hypothesis: Antarctica, on average, is the coldest, driest, and windiest continent, and has the highest average elevation of all the continents.


Premise: What did Lebanese pro-Nasser groups want?

Hypothesis: The former sought to unite with the UAR, while the latter sought Lebanon's continued independence.


Premise: What else, other than antioxidants, helps protect body systems?

Hypothesis: Their necessity is not as well established as in the case of, for instance, vitamins.


Premise: When was The Sun printed on the Wapping presses for the last time?

Hypothesis: The three print centres represent a £600 million investment by NI and allowed all the titles to be produced with every page in full colour from 2008.


Premise: What is the internet service provided through?

Hypothesis: Serving a population of more than 4,000, this single satellite link is considered inadequate in terms of bandwidth.


Premise: What subdivision was associated with the province?

Hypothesis: Several elderships or villages made up a province.


Premise: What amount of conventional pesticide use does the agricultural sector account for?

Hypothesis: As of 2007, there were more than 1,055 active ingredients registered as pesticides, which yield over 20,000 pesticide products that are marketed in the United States.


Premise: What kind of game is Formula One Championship Edition?

Hypothesis: In addition, users are able to download original PlayStation format games from the PlayStation Store, transfer and play them on PSP as well as PS3 itself.


Premise: Who spent several years as a political refugee in the city?

Hypothesis: Strasbourg was a centre of humanist scholarship and early book-printing in the Holy Roman Empire, and its intellectual and political influence contributed much to the establishment of Protestantism as an accepted denomination in the southwest of Germany.


Premise: What government agency asked Marvel to do a series of stories to publicize an issue?

Hypothesis: In 1971, the United States Department of Health, Education, and Welfare approached Marvel Comics editor-in-chief Stan Lee to do a comic book story about drug abuse.


Premise: In what war was France defeated by Prussia?

Hypothesis: Encouraged by the decision of the French, and supported by the German minister Otto von Bismarck, Russia renounced the Black Sea clauses of the treaty agreed to in 1856.


Premise: What prevailed with the disgrace of "Near East"?

Hypothesis: Subsequently with the disgrace of "Near East" in diplomatic and military circles, "Middle East" prevailed.


Premise: What sentiment persists even though racial and colonial definitions of the Middle East are no longer ideologically sound?

Hypothesis: For much, but by no means all, of the Middle East, the predominance of Islam lends some unity, as does the transient accident of geographical continuity.


Premise: Where were the free people of color located in north carolina in 1860?

Hypothesis: In addition, 30,463 free people of color lived in the state.


Premise: What is the name of the formal prayer proscribed by the Quran?

Hypothesis: As for the manner in which the prayer is to be conducted, the Quran refers to prostration.


Premise: In 1829 on a trip back to Berlin Chopin was a guest of who?

Hypothesis: In September 1828 Chopin, while still a student, visited Berlin with a family friend, zoologist Feliks Jarocki, enjoying operas directed by Gaspare Spontini and attending concerts by Carl Friedrich Zelter, Felix Mendelssohn and other celebrities.


Premise: In which state do the greatest percentage of Tennessee tourists reside?

Hypothesis: The average stay was 2.16 nights, compared to 2.03 nights for the US as a whole.:40


Premise: What is the name of the regiment that frequently served as Napoleon's escort?

Hypothesis: This was in contrast to the gorgeous and complex uniforms with many decorations of his marshals and those around him.


Premise: What is Atkin's Hall?

Hypothesis: Many of the city's buildings are in the Georgian style, although there are a number of examples of modern landmark structures, such as County Hall tower, which was, at one time the tallest building in Ireland until being superseded by another Cork City building: The Elysian.


Premise: Who did Americo-Liberians not identify with?

Hypothesis: Many were of mixed race and educated in American culture; they did not identify with the indigenous natives of the tribes they encountered.


Premise: The Vrina Plain basilica is in which city?

Hypothesis: The mosaic pavement of the Vrina Plain basilica of Butrint, Albania appear to pre-date that of the Baptistery by almost a generation, dating to the last quarter of the 5th or the first years of the 6th century.


Premise: How much money did Premier League earn regarding television rights in 2010-13?

Hypothesis: Television rights alone for the period 2010 to 2013 have been purchased for £1.782 billion.


Premise: As of 3/3/2016, how many active aircraft carriers are there worldwide?

Hypothesis: As of 3 March 2016, there are thirty-seven active aircraft carriers in the world within twelve navies.


Premise: When did Middle Persian start being u sed?

Hypothesis: It was in use from the 3rd century CE until the beginning of the 10th century.


Premise: When did the last king of the Roman Kingdom lose his seat of power?

Hypothesis: Before the revolution, a king would be elected by the senators for a life term.


Premise: Countries might change their DST policy by enactments, adjustments, and what other type of policy changes?

Hypothesis: For specific details, an overview is available at Daylight saving time by country.


Premise: What is the approximate area of Southeast Asia?

Hypothesis: The distribution of the religions and people is diverse in Southeast Asia and varies by country.


Premise: How many games could you buy to go with your PS3 when it launched in North America?

Hypothesis: Fall of Man from Insomniac Games was the top-selling launch game in North America.


Premise: Which singer performed at Bell's funeral?

Hypothesis: Bell's coffin was constructed of Beinn Bhreagh pine by his laboratory staff, lined with the same red silk fabric used in his tetrahedral kite experiments.


Premise: How many knights out of ten would be mobilised?

Hypothesis: To achieve this, John reformed the English feudal contribution to his campaigns, creating a more flexible system under which only one knight in ten would actually be mobilised, but would be financially supported by the other nine; knights would serve for an indefinite period.


Premise: What family of plants is most important for human sustenance?

Hypothesis: Agriculture is almost entirely dependent on angiosperms, which provide virtually all plant-based food, and also provide a significant amount of livestock feed.


Premise: When was England again able to ship to the Netherlands?

Hypothesis: The commercial route to Italy and the Mediterranean Sea normally lay through Antwerp and over the Alps; any ships passing through the Strait of Gibraltar to or from England were likely to be Italian or Ragusan.


Premise: How many subordinate divisions did the National Military Establishment contain?

Hypothesis: The act created the National Military Establishment (renamed Department of Defense in 1949), which was composed of three subordinate Military Departments, namely the Department of the Army, the Department of the Navy, and the newly created Department of the Air Force.


Premise: What class did a majority of appointed ministers come from during the Han dynasty?

Hypothesis: From the reign of Emperor Wu onward, the Chinese court officially sponsored Confucianism in education and court politics, synthesized with the cosmology of later scholars such as Dong Zhongshu.


Premise: What is New Haven best known for in terms of the main landmark and structure?

Hypothesis: East Rock features the prominent Soldiers and Sailors war monument on its peak as well as the "Great/Giant Steps" which run up the rock's cliffside.


Premise: What type of lighting can be mounted in the ceiling to appear flush?

Hypothesis: There are also downlights with internal reflectors designed to accept common 'A' lamps (light bulbs) which are generally less costly than reflector lamps.


Premise: How many equity theaters does Seattle have?

Hypothesis: The 5th Avenue Theatre, built in 1926, stages Broadway-style musical shows featuring both local talent and international stars.


Premise: Who won the battle?

Hypothesis: The first battle that Chihuahua fought was the battle of El Bracito; the Mexican forces consisting of 500 cavalry and 70 infantry confronted a force of 1,100–1,200 Americans on December 25, 1846.


Premise: When did Free break up?

Hypothesis: After the breakup of the band in 1973, vocalist Paul Rodgers joined supergroup Bad Company, whose eponymous first album (1974) was an international hit.


Premise: What two formats are typically used to recorde non-cinematic HDTV video intended for broadcast?

Hypothesis: 720p is commonly used for Internet distribution of high-definition video, because most computer monitors operate in progressive-scan mode.


Premise: Around when did Presbyterian missionaries arrived in New Mexico?

Hypothesis: However, there are still stalwart Presbyterians and Presbyterian churches in the area.


Premise: How does the Center for Measuring University performance rank Washington University?

Hypothesis: According to the Center for Measuring University Performance, it is considered to be one of the top 10 private research universities in the nation.


Premise: Where has transnational policing become more important?

Hypothesis: This form of transnational policing plays an increasingly important role in United Nations peacekeeping and this looks set to grow in the years ahead, especially as the international community seeks to develop the rule of law and reform security institutions in States recovering from conflict (Goldsmith and Sheptycki, 2007)


Premise: Aspiration is what, in English and some other languages?

Hypothesis: In some languages, such as English, aspiration is allophonic.


Premise: What is the purpose of a DBMS?

Hypothesis: A general-purpose DBMS is designed to allow the definition, creation, querying, update, and administration of databases.


Premise: What is the heart of the Protestant moral code?

Hypothesis: Another consequence of the Protestant understanding of man is that the believers, in gratitude for their election and redemption in Christ, are to follow God's commandments.


Premise: What office replaced the imperial guards?

Hypothesis: Through the new Emperor's Private Office, the emperor could issue administrative edicts more directly and with more self-assurance than before.


Premise: What types of variations does Biodiversity refer to?

Hypothesis: Biodiversity, a contraction of "biological diversity," generally refers to the variety and variability of life on Earth.


Premise: What did a dog's good hearing help humans with?

Hypothesis: Dogs may have provided warmth, as referred to in the Australian Aboriginal expression "three dog night" (an exceptionally cold night), and they would have alerted the camp to the presence of predators or strangers, using their acute hearing to provide an early warning.


Premise: Who was the commander of the Moroccan invasion of 1591?

Hypothesis: The fall of the Songhai Empire marked the end of the region's role as a trading crossroads.


Premise: What range of estimates have been given for Teresa Heinz Kerry's net worth?

Hypothesis: This included slightly more than three million dollars worth of H. J. Heinz Company assets, which increased in value by over six hundred thousand dollars in 2013 when Berkshire Hathaway announced their intention to purchase the company.


Premise: What market value were gold coins traded in relation to?

Hypothesis: The gold coins that were minted however, were not given any denomination whatsoever and traded for a market value relative to the Congressional standard of the silver dollar.


Premise: What actor featured in Winchester '73?

Hypothesis: When one of those films, Winchester '73, proved to be a hit, the arrangement would become the rule for many future productions at Universal, and eventually at other studios as well.


Premise: In what year was the album Cry Like a Rainstorm, Howl Like the Wind released?

Hypothesis: In 1989, Linda Ronstadt released Cry Like a Rainstorm, Howl Like the Wind, described by critics as "the first true Adult Contemporary album of the decade", featuring American soul singer Aaron Neville on several of the twelve tracks.


Premise: When did the United States land forces on Okinawa?

Hypothesis: After an intense bombardment the Americans landed on 1 April 1945 and declared victory on 21 June.


Premise: What large company moved its headquarters to South Lake Union in Seattle?

Hypothesis: Yet another boom began as the city emerged from the Great Recession.


Premise: In which year did forward passes become acceptable in Canadian football?

Hypothesis: Forward passes were not allowed in the Canadian game until 1929, and touchdowns, which had been five points, were increased to six points in 1956, in both cases several decades after the Americans had adopted the same changes.


Premise: Who popularized the term Serbo-Croatian?

Hypothesis: Croatian linguist Dalibor Brozović advocated the term Serbo-Croatian as late as 1988, claiming that in an analogy with Indo-European, Serbo-Croatian does not only name the two components of the same language, but simply charts the limits of the region in which it is spoken and includes everything between the limits (‘Bosnian’ and ‘Montenegrin’).


Premise: Which channels does the CD+G use to hold graphics data?

Hypothesis: The CD+G format takes advantage of the channels R through W.


Premise: What two winter sports would you do at the mountain range?

Hypothesis: Catalina Highway stretches 25 miles (40 km) and the entire mountain range is one of Tucson's most popular vacation spots for cycling, hiking, rock climbing, camping, birding, and wintertime snowboarding and skiing.


Premise: How many people were killed during the demonstrations against the curfew?

Hypothesis: On 17 October 1961, an unauthorised but peaceful protest demonstration of Algerians against the curfew led to violent confrontations between the police and demonstrators, in which at least 40 people were killed, including some thrown into the Seine.


Premise: What was said to be the  Yongle Emperor plans?

Hypothesis: However, Hok-Lam Chan states that "there is little evidence that this was ever the emperor's intention" and that evidence indicates that Deshin Skekpa was invited strictly for religious purposes.


Premise: What was the endeavor to reclaim territory from Israel called?

Hypothesis: Meanwhile, in January 1968, Nasser commenced the War of Attrition to reclaim territory captured by Israel, ordering attacks against Israeli positions east of the then-blockaded Suez Canal.


Premise: What score did the PS3 Slim earn from PC World?

Hypothesis: PS3 Slim also received praise from PC World giving it a 90 out of 100 praising its new repackaging and the new value it brings at a lower price as well as praising its quietness and the reduction in its power consumption.


Premise: What was inspired by the fall of the Berlin wall?

Hypothesis: Pressure from the United States, France, and from a group of locally represented countries and agencies called GIBAFOR (France, the USA, Germany, Japan, the EU, the World Bank, and the UN) finally led Kolingba to agree, in principle, to hold free elections in October 1992 with help from the UN Office of Electoral Affairs.


Premise: About how many immigrants from Bangladesh lived in the city in 2013?

Hypothesis: The ten largest sources of foreign-born individuals in the city as of 2011 were the Dominican Republic, China, Mexico, Guyana, Jamaica, Ecuador, Haiti, India, Russia, and Trinidad and Tobago, while the Bangladeshi immigrant population has since become one of the fastest growing in the city, counting over 74,000 by 2013.


Premise: When Gaddafi staged his coup, did he need to use a great show of violence?

Hypothesis: They met no serious resistance, and wielded little violence against the monarchists.


Premise: What has changed since the second half of the 20th century?

Hypothesis: In some areas the modern practice of building ski runs by mechanical means has destroyed the underlying tundra from which the plant life cannot recover during the non-skiing months, whereas areas that still practice a natural piste type of ski slope building preserve the fragile underlayers.


Premise: What was the price of uranium per pound as of May 2003?

Hypothesis: This has caused a big increase in spending on exploration, with US$200 million being spent worldwide in 2005, a 54% increase on the previous year.


Premise: What are the descriptions for?

Hypothesis: The descriptions below are mostly for this variety.


Premise: What component of emotion provides its perceived energy?

Hypothesis: Core affect is not the only component to emotion, but gives the emotion its hedonic and felt energy.


Premise: Did all of the political prisoners obtain freedom due to the election in Burma of 2012 ?

Hypothesis: However, uncertainties exist as some other political prisoners have not been released and clashes between Burmese troops and local insurgent groups continue.


Premise: What award did both Luís Figo and Cristiano Ronaldo win?

Hypothesis: Football is the most popular sport in Portugal.


Premise: This program was awarded the National Medal of Technology and Innovation.

Hypothesis: Later in 2009, IBM's Blue Gene supercomputing program was awarded the National Medal of Technology and Innovation by U.S. President Barack Obama.


Premise: Who penned a "Statement of Professional Responsibility"?

Hypothesis: The Association of Social Anthropologists of the UK and Commonwealth (ASA) has called certain scholarship ethically dangerous.


Premise: About how small is the average bumble bee bat?

Hypothesis: The basic body type is a four-legged land-borne animal, but some mammals are adapted for life at sea, in the air, in trees, or on two legs.


Premise: How is a vacuum created inside of a manual water pump?

Hypothesis: Inside the pump, a mechanism expands a small sealed cavity to create a vacuum.


Premise: What part of the area did Jayapala lose?

Hypothesis: Jayapala saw a danger in the consolidation of the Ghaznavids and invaded their capital city of Ghazni both in the reign of Sebuktigin and in that of his son Mahmud, which initiated the Muslim Ghaznavid and Hindu Shahi struggles.


Premise: People favoring those in their group over outsiders, is an example of what?

Hypothesis: Another issue that researchers have attempted to address is the question of why people engage in discrimination, i.e., why they tend to favor those they consider a part of their "in-group" over those considered to be outsiders.


Premise: What subject does the question of who has a monopoly on spiritual truth regard?

Hypothesis: Perhaps due to the many modern negative connotations associated with the term heretic, such as the Spanish inquisition, the term is used less often today.


Premise: When did Burke release 'A Letter to a Member of the National Assembly'?

Hypothesis: This Burke did in April 1791 when he published A Letter to a Member of the National Assembly.


Premise: How many New Yorkers work in the television and film industry?

Hypothesis: As of 2012, New York City was the second largest center for filmmaking and television production in the United States, producing about 200 feature films annually, employing 130,000 individuals, and generating an estimated $7.1 billion in direct expenditures, and by volume, New York is the world leader in independent film production; one-third of all American independent films are produced in New York City.


Premise: The version of Twilight Princess fo which console won three IGN awards?

Hypothesis: Both IGN and Nintendo Power gave Twilight Princess the awards for Best Graphics and Best Story.


Premise: What did subject did Humbert love very much?

Hypothesis: He once cried to his students: "... consider how excellent this office [of preaching] is, because it is apostolic; how useful, because it is directly ordained for the salvation of souls; how perilous, because few have in them, or perform, what the office requires, for it is not without great danger ... , vol.


Premise: In what year did the War of Attrition begin?

Hypothesis: Meanwhile, in January 1968, Nasser commenced the War of Attrition to reclaim territory captured by Israel, ordering attacks against Israeli positions east of the then-blockaded Suez Canal.


Premise: The advent of what telescope made it easier to study Neptune?

Hypothesis: Both the HST and AO telescopes on Earth has made many new discoveries within the Solar System since the mid-1990s, with a large increase in the number of known satellites and moons around the Outer Planets for example.


Premise: Which radio station caters for gay, lesbian, bisexual, and transgender audiences?

Hypothesis: JOY 94.9 caters for gay, lesbian, bisexual and transgender audiences.


Premise: Most Southernly town of somerset

Hypothesis: Chard is the most southerly town in Somerset, and at an altitude of 121 m (397 ft) it is also the highest.


Premise: What is Watson famous for helping discover?

Hypothesis: New sequencing technologies, such as massive parallel sequencing have also opened up the prospect of personal genome sequencing as a diagnostic tool, as pioneered by Manteia Predictive Medicine.


Premise: What type of chemicals is Iran a leading manufacturer of in the Middle East?

Hypothesis: Iran has leading manufacturing industries in the fields of car-manufacture and transportation, construction materials, home appliances, food and agricultural goods, armaments, pharmaceuticals, information technology, power and petrochemicals in the Middle East.


Premise: Who describes Delphi and Dodona as frenzied women?

Hypothesis: Plato describes the priestesses of Delphi and Dodona as frenzied women, obsessed by "mania" (μανία, "frenzy"), a Greek word he connected with mantis (μάντις, "prophet").


Premise: What year did the OKL become aware that Britain would be a possible target?

Hypothesis: OKL had not been informed that Britain was to be considered a potential opponent until early 1938.


Premise: What was the state capital of North Carolina in 1722?

Hypothesis: During colonial times, Edenton served as the state capital beginning in 1722, and New Bern was selected as the capital in 1766.


Premise: What land was included in the kingdom of Ba?

Hypothesis: Throughout its prehistory and early history, the region and its vicinity in the Yangtze region was the cradle of unique local civilizations which can be dated back to at least the 15th century BC and coinciding with the later years of the Shang and Zhou dynasties in North China.


Premise: Which software can aid in the design of robotically created mosaics?

Hypothesis: Rather than being assembled by hand, mosaics designed using computer aided design (CAD) software can be assembled by a robot.


Premise: In what year did Universal make a film version of Dracula?

Hypothesis: Laemmle, Jr. created a niche for the studio, beginning a series of horror films which extended into the 1940s, affectionately dubbed Universal Horror.


Premise: Who is the first MMA fighter to participate in carrying the Olympic torch?

Hypothesis: This gives him the distinction of the being the first active MMA fighter to carry the Olympic flame.


Premise: What is a way to increase the strength of a radio transmission?

Hypothesis: Marconi discovered that by raising the "aerial" wire above the ground and connecting the other side of his transmitter to ground, the transmission range was increased.


Premise: A checkered cloth on a table was used in medieval Europe to help count what?

Hypothesis: In a medieval European counting house, a checkered cloth would be placed on a table, and markers moved around on it according to certain rules, as an aid to calculating sums of money.


Premise: With whom did Usborne draw parallels to Hopkins as a result of Hopkins' comments?

Hypothesis: Simon Usborne, writing in The Independent, compared her use of the word "cockroach" to previous uses by the Nazis and just before the Rwandan Genocide by its perpetrators.


Premise: When was the Macintosh Portable first released?

Hypothesis: They were the first portable computers with the keyboard behind a palm rest and a built-in pointing device (a trackball) in front of the keyboard.


Premise: What did Gautama spend the rest of his life doing after reaching enlightenment?

Hypothesis: Now, as the Buddha, he spent the rest of his life teaching the path of awakening he had discovered, traveling throughout the northeastern part of the Indian subcontinent, and died at the age of 80 (483 BCE) in Kushinagar, India.


Premise: How much of the Bronx vote did Hillquit get in 1917?

Hypothesis: The anti-war Socialist campaign of Morris Hillquit in the 1917 mayoral election won over 31% of the Bronx's vote, putting him second and well ahead of the 20% won by the incumbent pro-war Fusion Mayor John P. Mitchel, who came in second (ahead of Hillquit) everywhere else and outpolled Hillquit city-wide by 23.2% to 21.7%.


Premise: What kind of tale was Tirant lo Blanc?

Hypothesis: The first book produced with movable type in the Iberian Peninsula was printed in Catalan.


Premise: What did the author of Whitehead's biography comment on the first page regarding the difficulty of obtaining information about Whitehead?

Hypothesis: The two volume biography of Whitehead by Victor Lowe is the most definitive presentation of the life of Whitehead.


Premise: In what year was Kanye West's sixth album released?

Hypothesis: It also continues West's practice of eclectic samples: he employs a sample of Nina Simone's "Strange Fruit," an obscure Hindi sample on "I Am a God", and a sample of 1970s Hungarian rock group Omega on "New Slaves".


Premise: What does the "NCD" in "NCD files" mean?

Hypothesis: These computer-generated files are also called numerically controlled drill (NCD) files or "Excellon files".


Premise: If removing an introduced species entirely isn't a posibility, what is the next best outcome?

Hypothesis: Although the aim in this situation is to remove the introduced species entirely, keeping its abundance down is often the only possibility.


Premise: What newspaper did Radio Saint Helena collaborate with?

Hypothesis: It closed on 25 December 2012 to make way for a new three-channel FM service, also funded by St. Helena Government and run by the South Atlantic Media Services (formerly St. Helena Broadcasting (Guarantee) Corporation).


Premise: What was the first Namibian newspaper?

Hypothesis: The first newspaper in Namibia was the German-language Windhoeker Anzeiger, founded 1898.


Premise: Where had the Japanese advanced to?

Hypothesis: A Japanese division which had advanced to Kohima in Nagaland cut the main road to Imphal, but failed to capture the whole of the defences at Kohima.


Premise: In what Middle Eastern country is there a notable Somali population?

Hypothesis: Star African Air is also one of three Somali-owned airlines which are based in Dubai.


Premise: What do Type-A receptacles do on host devices?

Hypothesis: Type-A receptacles on host devices that supply power and Type-B receptacles on target devices that draw power.


Premise: What did Chopin compose after hearing Niccolo Paganini?

Hypothesis: He returned to Warsaw in September 1829, where he premiered his Piano Concerto No. 2 in F minor, Op.


Premise: What does research show about the FBO effect?

Hypothesis: However, research suggests that this may be of immunological origin, caused by a maternal immune reaction against a substance crucial to male fetal development during pregnancy, which becomes increasingly likely after every male gestation.


Premise: What was another regional leader involved in the origins of szlachta?

Hypothesis: The origins of the szlachta, while ancient, have always been considered obscure.:207 As a result, its members often referred to it as odwieczna (perennial).:207 Two popular historic theories of origin forwarded by its members and earlier historians and chroniclers involved descent from the ancient Iranian tribes known as Sarmatians or from Japheth, one of Noah's sons


Premise: Along with being his cousin, what relationship did Ali have to Muhammad?

Hypothesis: Aisha, the wife of Muhammad, and Talhah and Al-Zubayr, two of the companions of Muhammad, went to Basra to tell Ali to arrest the culprits who murdered Uthman.


Premise: What sportswear company has a deal with the University of Kansas?

Hypothesis: Under former athletic director Lew Perkins, the department's budget increased from $27.2 million in 2003 (10th in the conference) to currently over $50 million thanks in large part to money raised from a new priority seating policy at Allen Fieldhouse, a new $26.67 million eight-year contract with Adidas replacing an existing contract with Nike, and a new $40.2 million seven-year contract with ESPN Regional Television.


Premise: Which contestant was surprisingly eliminated during the week of the top four?

Hypothesis: Chris Daughtry's performance of Fuel's "Hemorrhage (


Premise: On what date was Melbourne's highest temperature recorded?

Hypothesis: While snow is occasionally seen at higher elevations in the outskirts of the city, it has not been recorded in the Central Business District since 1986.


Premise: Whose masterpieces are a mixture of naturallism with stylization?

Hypothesis: Finally Praxiteles seems to be released from any art and religious conformities, and his masterpieces are a mixture of naturalism with stylization.


Premise: How many views did Grimm's last email get in the first four days after it was posted?

Hypothesis: His last email was viewed more than 100,000 times in the first four days after it was posted.


Premise: What is it called when a pathogen grows within the host cells?

Hypothesis: While a few organisms can grow at the initial site of entry, many migrate and cause systemic infection in different organs.


Premise: What former Archbishop of Canterbury has reservations about the Freemasons?

Hypothesis: Since the founding of Freemasonry, many Bishops of the Church of England have been Freemasons, such as Archbishop Geoffrey Fisher.


Premise: Who began to increase their coverage of weaker debts?

Hypothesis: The European Central Bank had stepped up the buying of member nations debt.


Premise: How far away is the nearest land mass to Norfolk Island?

Hypothesis: Ailen) is a small island in the Pacific Ocean located between Australia, New Zealand and New Caledonia, 1,412 kilometres (877 mi) directly east of mainland Australia's Evans Head, and about 900 kilometres (560 mi) from Lord Howe Island.


Premise: What does UNTAG stand for?

Hypothesis: A combined UN civilian and peace-keeping force called UNTAG (United Nations Transition Assistance Group) under Finnish diplomat Martti Ahtisaari was deployed from April 1989 to March 1990 to monitor the peace process, elections and supervise military withdrawals.


Premise: What can see stealth aircraft even with RCS?

Hypothesis: The newest SAM's have a claimed ability to be able to detect and engage stealth targets, with the most notable being the S-400, which is claimed to be able to detect a target with a 0.05 meter squared RCS from 90 km away.


Premise: Where is the FBI's data campus?

Hypothesis: Many specialized FBI functions are located at facilities in Quantico, Virginia, as well as a "data campus" in Clarksburg, West Virginia, where 96 million sets of fingerprints "from across the United States are stored, along with others collected by American authorities from prisoners in Saudi Arabia and Yemen, Iraq and Afghanistan.


Premise: When does promotion from major to lieutenant colonel in the USAF typically occur?

Hypothesis: This process will repeat at the 16 year mark (for officers previously promoted early to major and lieutenant colonel) to the 21 year mark for promotion to full colonel.


Premise: Who did the organizations file the complaints with?

Hypothesis: The coalition asked for a civil rights investigation into what they described as Harvard's discriminatory admission practices against Asian-American applicants.


Premise: What is capitalization commonly use to indicate in poetry independent of any grammatical feature?

Hypothesis: There are a few pairs of words of different meanings whose only difference is capitalisation of the first letter.


Premise: What types of names do "coloureds" have?

Hypothesis: Other than by appearance, "Coloureds" can usually be distinguished from "Blacks" by language.


Premise: Why do birds migrate?

Hypothesis: Bird movements include those made in response to changes in food availability, habitat, or weather.


Premise: What pop singer was an original judge on American Idol?

Hypothesis: The original judges were record producer and music manager Randy Jackson, pop singer and choreographer Paula Abdul and music executive and manager Simon Cowell.


Premise: Who has the highest numbers of the British Orders of Chivalry?

Hypothesis: Although the Order of the British Empire has by far the highest number of members of the British Orders of Chivalry, with over 100,000 living members worldwide, there are fewer appointments to knighthoods than in other orders.


Premise: When were the powers of the municipalities of Mexico City first reduced?

Hypothesis: In 1903, Porfirio Díaz largely reduced the powers of the municipalities within the Federal District.


Premise: What does "Meija era"

Hypothesis: It was not until the beginning of the Meiji Era that the Japanese government began taking modernization seriously.


Premise: How many fraternities are located at Washington University?

Hypothesis: There are 11 fraternities and 9 sororities, with approximately 35% of the student body being involved in Greek life.


Premise: What group did Umar ibn Ad Al-Aziz grant liberties to?

Hypothesis: In his efforts to spread Islam he established liberties for the Mawali by abolishing the jizya tax for converts to Islam.


Premise: What might the ice particles of Neptune's rings be coated with?

Hypothesis: Neptune has a planetary ring system, though one much less substantial than that of Saturn.


Premise: What would a group like Crowdfund, GoFundMe or Kickstarter possibly belong to?

Hypothesis: Instead of being defined by "non" words, some organizations are suggesting new, positive-sounding terminology to describe the sector.


Premise: How large in square kilometers is Greater Hyderabad?

Hypothesis: With an average altitude of 542 metres (1,778 ft), Hyderabad lies on predominantly sloping terrain of grey and pink granite, dotted with small hills, the highest being Banjara Hills at 672 metres (2,205 ft).


Premise: Who was Prefect Nicholas Frochot under?

Hypothesis: After a tentative creation of several smaller suburban cemeteries, the Prefect Nicholas Frochot under Napoleon Bonaparte provided a more definitive solution in the creation of three massive Parisian cemeteries outside the city limits.


Premise: What is the name of Chopin's pupil who performed with him?

Hypothesis: The musicologist Arthur Hedley has observed that "As a pianist Chopin was unique in acquiring a reputation of the highest order on the basis of a minimum of public appearances—few more than thirty in the course of his lifetime.


Premise: What goal is cited as the reason these killings took place?

Hypothesis: As such, they perceived the teachings and practices of the rival Quaker sect as heretical, even to the point where laws were passed and executions were performed with the aim of ridding their colony of such perceived "heresies".[citation needed]


Premise: What is dough made from barley flour called?

Hypothesis: The most important crop in Tibet is barley, and dough made from barley flour—called tsampa—is the staple food of Tibet.


Premise: When did Detroit file for bankruptcy?

Hypothesis: On July 18, 2013, the City of Detroit filed for Chapter 9 bankruptcy protection.


Premise: What is the pure silver dollar referred to as?

Hypothesis: The Sacagawea dollar is one example of the copper alloy dollar.


Premise: Which year was used for estimates in the 2013 report?

Hypothesis: Below is the list of the "very high human development" countries:


Premise: Which park divides 122nd Street along with Marcus Garvey Memorial Park?

Hypothesis: 40°48′32″N 73°57′14″W / 40.8088°N 73.9540°


Premise: How many police were killed in Lagos in Aug 2000-May 2001?

Hypothesis: On lower levels of society, there are the "area boys", organised gangs mostly active in Lagos who specialise in mugging and small-scale drug dealing.


Premise: What cannot launch using a ski-jump due to their high loaded weight?

Hypothesis: The disadvantage of the ski-jump is the penalty it exacts on aircraft size, payload, and fuel load (and thus range); heavily laden aircraft can not launch using a ski-jump because their high loaded weight requires either a longer takeoff roll than is possible on a carrier deck, or assistance from a catapult or JATO rocket.


Premise: In what decade did movie theaters become popular?

Hypothesis: Big multiplex movie theaters have been built since the 1990s.


Premise: Which articles allow the soverign to refise consent even when the bills have been passed through the Legislative assembly?

Hypothesis: Articles 41 and 68 of the constitution empower the sovereign to withhold royal assent from bills adopted by the Legislative Assembly.


Premise: By the late 7th century, what was a main function of Lundenwic?

Hypothesis: By about 680, it had revived sufficiently to become a major port, although there is little evidence of large-scale production of goods.


Premise: When did Penn Square Bank go bankrupt?

Hypothesis: However, during the early 1980s, Oklahoma City had one of the worst job and housing markets due to the bankruptcy of Penn Square Bank in 1982 and then the post-1985 crash in oil prices.[citation needed]


Premise: How many researchers does the University of Michigan expect to hire?

Hypothesis: In December 2008, the University of Michigan Board of Regents approved the purchase of the facilities, and the university anticipates hiring 2,000 researchers and staff during the next 10 years.


Premise: The Hanseatic League was what type of institution?

Hypothesis: In addition, financial institutions, such as the Hanseatic League and the Fugger family, held great power, on both economic and a political levels.


Premise: What language does the word Music see it's origins in?

Hypothesis: In a discussion of any ancient music, however, non-specialists and even many musicians have to be reminded that much of what makes our modern music familiar to us is the result of developments only within the last 1,000 years; thus, our ideas of melody, scales, harmony, and even the instruments we use may not have been familiar to Romans who made and listened to music many centuries earlier.[citation needed]


Premise: When was the Japanese siege of Imphal broken?

Hypothesis: The two Allied attacks met on 22 June, breaking the Japanese siege of Imphal.


Premise: What types of light can LEDs form better than incandescent?

Hypothesis: Using LEDs has styling advantages because LEDs can form much thinner lights than incandescent lamps with parabolic reflectors.


Premise: What nation formed a protectorate over the Marshall Islands?

Hypothesis: Although the Spanish Empire had a residual claim on the Marshalls in 1874, when she began asserting her sovereignty over the Carolines, she made no effort to prevent the German Empire from gaining a foothold there.


Premise: What buddhist belief says that Buddhas come one at a time and not within other eras?

Hypothesis: The understandings of this matter reflect widely differing interpretations of basic terms, such as "world realm", between the various schools of Buddhism.


Premise: What are digestive enzymes mostly secreted as?

Hypothesis: Protein digestion occurs in the stomach and duodenum in which 3 main enzymes, pepsin secreted by the stomach and trypsin and chymotrypsin secreted by the pancreas, break down food proteins into polypeptides that are then broken down by various exopeptidases and dipeptidases into amino acids.


Premise: How is the mandolin usually played?

Hypothesis: It is the soprano member of a family that includes the mandola, octave mandolin, mandocello and mandobass.


Premise: What was the name of the singing student Chopin was attracted to?

Hypothesis: In letters to Woyciechowski, he indicated which of his works, and even which of their passages, were influenced by his fascination with her; his letter of 15 May 1830 revealed that the slow movement (Larghetto) of his Piano Concerto No. 1 (in E minor) was secretly dedicated to her – "It should be like dreaming in beautiful springtime – by moonlight."


Premise: What computer did Arthur L. Samuel program to play checkers in 1957?

Hypothesis: In 1956, the company demonstrated the first practical example of artificial intelligence when Arthur L. Samuel of IBM's Poughkeepsie, New York, laboratory programmed an IBM 704 not merely to play checkers but "learn" from its own experience.


Premise: What do these critics argue couldn't have been intended by the framers of the constitution?

Hypothesis: These critics argue that the prevalent degree of separation of church and state could not have been intended by the constitutional framers.


Premise: What helps the earthworm grab grass leaves and weeds?

Hypothesis: When the churning is complete, the glands in the walls of the gizzard add enzymes to the thick paste, which helps chemically breakdown the organic matter.


Premise: Tito was awarded with the Order of the White Rose of what country?

Hypothesis: I, Order of Georgi Dimitrov, Order of Karl Marx, Order of Manuel Amador Guerrero, Order of Michael the Brave, Order of Pahlavi, Order of Sukhbaatar, Order of Suvorov, Order of the Liberator, Order of the October Revolution, Order of the Queen of Sheba, Order of the White Rose of Finland, Partisan Cross, Royal Order of Cambodia and Star of People's Friendship and Thiri Thudhamma Thingaha.[citation needed]


Premise: What is the typical diameter of the filament on a 60-watt bulb?

Hypothesis: For a 60-watt 120-volt lamp, the uncoiled length of the tungsten filament is usually 22.8 inches (580 mm), and the filament diameter is 0.0018 inches (0.046 mm).


Premise: What part of the Manhattan Project did Tennessee host?

Hypothesis: This city was established to house the Manhattan Project's uranium enrichment facilities, helping to build the world's first atomic bomb, which was used during World War II.


Premise: Where did archaeology on the international scene fall into?

Hypothesis: In the 20th century after decades of intense warfare and political turmoil terms such as "Near East", "Far East" and "Middle East" were relegated to the experts, especially in the new field of political science.


Premise: What interchangeable terms did Homer use in his poems for Greeks ?

Hypothesis: The names Achaioi and Danaoi seem to be pre-Dorian belonging to the people who were overthrown.


Premise: What mineral sometimes contains uranium?

Hypothesis: Significant concentrations of uranium occur in some substances such as phosphate rock deposits, and minerals such as lignite, and monazite sands in uranium-rich ores (it is recovered commercially from sources with as little as 0.1% uranium).


Premise: Out of 10,000 people, how many people are bitten by dogs in the United States?

Hypothesis: Moreover, children have a much higher chance to be bitten in the face or neck.


Premise: What helped cut down time standing in the queue for shelters?

Hypothesis: Public demand caused the government in October 1940 to build new deep shelters:189–190 within the Underground to hold 80,000 people but were not completed until the period of heaviest bombing had passed.


Premise: What happens with the pinch off part of the outer membrane?

Hypothesis: Portions of the outer membrane pinch off, forming spherical structures made of a lipid bilayer enclosing periplasmic materials.


Premise: What is the best means of estimating the historical growth of character inventory?

Hypothesis: The number of entries in major Chinese dictionaries is the best means of estimating the historical growth of character inventory.


Premise: What locations saw an increase in populations?

Hypothesis: Upsurges in population south Wales and Gloucester intimated where these displaced people went.


Premise: Who was the first pope to set foot in the abbey?

Hypothesis: In the 1990s two icons by the Russian icon painter Sergei Fyodorov were hung in the abbey.


Premise: Until how long did South Korea ban Japanese cultural products?

Hypothesis: This deal with Hyundai was made necessary because of the South Korean government's wide ban on all Japanese "cultural products", which remained in effect until 1998 and ensured that the only way Japanese products could legally enter the South Korean market was through licensing to a third-party (non-Japanese) distributor (see also Japan–Korea disputes).


Premise: Who referred to the Classical Attic dialect stops by the three distinctions?

Hypothesis: These stops were called ψιλά, δασέα, μέσα "thin, thick, middle" by Koine Greek grammarians.


Premise: What business fields has Whitehead influenced?

Hypothesis: Whitehead has had some influence on philosophy of business administration and organizational theory.


Premise: What does ftp stand for?

Hypothesis: Many browsers also support a variety of other prefixes, such as https: for HTTPS, ftp: for the File Transfer Protocol, and file: for local files.


Premise: What official administered Germany's Micronesian possessions?

Hypothesis: A German trading company, the Jaluit Gesellschaft, administered the islands from 1887 until 1905.


Premise: Who did Kanye become inspired by while creating 808s & Heartbreak?

Hypothesis: Drawing inspiration from artists such as Gary Numan, TJ Swan and Boy George, and maintaining a "minimal but functional" approach towards the album's studio production, West explored the electronic feel produced by Auto-Tune and utilized the sounds created by the 808, manipulating its pitch to produce a distorted, electronic sound; he then sought to juxtapose mechanical sounds with the traditional sounds of taiko drums and choir monks.


Premise: When was ISO/IEC 646 published?

Hypothesis: From early in its development, ASCII was intended to be just one of several national variants of an international character code standard, ultimately published as ISO/IEC 646 (1972), which would share most characters in common but assign other locally useful characters to several code points reserved for "national use."


Premise: What number was dell on the Fortune 500 list until 2014?

Hypothesis: Dell was listed at number 51 in the Fortune 500 list, until 2014.


Premise: What is the name of the exhibition installation that Madonna teamed up with fashion photographer Chris Klein called?

Hypothesis: Another Day, Madonna collaborated with fashion photographer Steven Klein in 2003 for an exhibition installation named X-STaTIC Pro=CeSS.


Premise: In 2010 what were the estimates for the amount of videos with advertisements uploaded without the copywriter's consent?

Hypothesis: Much of YouTube's revenue goes to the copyright holders of the videos.


Premise: What group in the US was popular?

Hypothesis: The mandolin's popularity in the United States was spurred by the success of a group of touring young European musicians known as the Estudiantina Figaro, or in the United States, simply the "Spanish Students.


Premise: What did the Chief Justice decide?

Hypothesis: Both measures were in response to a decision by His Hon Mr. Justice Ian Kawaley, Chief Justice of Bermuda's earlier ruling that same sex spouses of Bermuda citizens could not be denied basic Human Rights.


Premise: What was the only land mammal native to New Zealand?

Hypothesis: The islands making up New Zealand originally had no land mammals apart from bats.


Premise: How long was Karim in the Queen's employment?

Hypothesis: Equerry Frederick Ponsonby (the son of Sir Henry) discovered that the Munshi had lied about his parentage, and reported to Lord Elgin, Viceroy of India, "the Munshi occupies very much the same position as John Brown used to do.


Premise: When was the last senate election in St. Barts?

Hypothesis: The first election was held on 21 September 2008 with the last election in September 2014.


Premise: What AFL team would be based in Des Moines?

Hypothesis: In 1993, the league staged its first All-Star Game in Des Moines, Iowa, the future home of the long-running Iowa Barnstormers, as a fundraiser for flood victims in the area.


Premise: When did London host its first Summer Olympics?

Hypothesis: Immediately after the war, the 1948 Summer Olympics were held at the original Wembley Stadium, at a time when London had barely recovered from the war.


Premise: About how many people in Somalia speak Somali?

Hypothesis: One source estimates that there are 7.78 million speakers of Somali in Somalia itself and 12.65 million speakers globally.


Premise: What tournament used to be known as the Buick Invitational?

Hypothesis: The annual Farmers Insurance Open golf tournament (formerly the Buick Invitational) on the PGA Tour occurs at Torrey Pines Golf Course.


Premise: What happened to the Public schoolboys in these sports?

Hypothesis: The professionals soon displaced the amateur ex-Public schoolboys.


Premise: To whom is the Boeing credit union open?

Hypothesis: Seattle remained the corporate headquarters of Boeing until 2001, when the company separated its headquarters from its major production facilities; the headquarters were moved to Chicago.


Premise: What did not exist at the time during which Micronesians arrived at the Marshall Islands?

Hypothesis: Over time, the Marshall Island people learned to navigate over long ocean distances by canoe using traditional stick charts.


Premise: When did the ITU announce that it had embraced micro-USB as the Universal Charging Solution?

Hypothesis: In addition, on 22 October 2009 the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) has also announced that it had embraced micro-USB as the Universal Charging Solution its "energy-efficient one-charger-fits-all new mobile phone solution," and added: "Based on the Micro-USB interface, UCS chargers also include a 4-star or higher efficiency rating—up to three times more energy-efficient than an unrated charger."


Premise: In what year was Diana  brought into the pomerium?

Hypothesis: Greek deities were brought within the sacred pomerium: temples were dedicated to Juventas (Hebe) in 191 BC, Diana (Artemis) in 179 BC, Mars (Ares) in 138 BC), and to Bona Dea, equivalent to Fauna, the female counterpart of the rural Faunus, supplemented by the Greek goddess Damia.


Premise: What's  window shapes di Czech Cubist architects use?

Hypothesis: Czech Cubist architects also designed Cubist furniture.


Premise: Who was the first king of Artaxiad dynasty of Armenia?

Hypothesis: After the Seleucid defeat at the Battle of Magnesia in 190 BC, the kings of Sophene and Greater Armenia revolted and declared their independence, with Artaxias becoming the first king of the Artaxiad dynasty of Armenia in 188.


Premise: How much of Estonia is ethnic Russians?

Hypothesis: In all, 67.8% of Estonia's population can speak Russian.


Premise: What is one primary role of the Canbera-class LDH?

Hypothesis: The Royal Australian Navy is in the process of procuring two Canberra-class LHD's, the first of which was commissioned in November 2015, while the second is expected to enter service in 2016.


Premise: What is one of the historical certain facts about Jesus?

Hypothesis: The baptism of Jesus and his crucifixion are considered to be two historically certain facts about Jesus.


Premise: What is the relationship between Indo-Iranian and Baltic languages?

Hypothesis: In order to explain the common features shared by Sanskrit and other Indo-European languages, many scholars have proposed the Indo-Aryan migration theory, asserting that the original speakers of what became Sanskrit arrived in what is now India and Pakistan from the north-west some time during the early second millennium BCE.


Premise: When was the Bronx added to NYC?

Hypothesis: This dates from the mid-19th century when the southwestern area of Westchester County west of the Bronx River, was incorporated into New York City and known as the Northside.


Premise: How old was Tongzhi when he came to power?

Hypothesis: Zeng Guofan, in alliance with Prince Gong, sponsored the rise of younger officials such as Li Hongzhang, who put the dynasty back on its feet financially and instituted the Self-Strengthening Movement.


Premise: What actress removed herself from participation in the relay?

Hypothesis: " On April 15, Bollywood actress Soha Ali Khan pulled out of the Olympic torch relay, citing “very strong personal reasons”.


Premise: What is Kaminfegerkinder?

Hypothesis: so-called Verdingkinder (literally: "contract children" or "indentured child laborers") were children who were taken from their parents, often due to poverty or moral reasons – usually mothers being unmarried, very poor citizens, of Gypsy–Yeniche origin, so-called Kinder der Landstrasse, etc.


Premise: What year did a change in DST policy cost North America somewhere between $500 million and $1 billion in extra work?

Hypothesis: For example, a 2007 North American rule change cost an estimated $500 million to $1 billion, and Utah State University economist William F. Shughart II has estimated the lost opportunity cost at around $1.7 billion USD.


Premise: What distinct kind of British English does Stroop say has a similar function to Polder Dutch?

Hypothesis: Stroop compares the role of Polder Dutch with the urban variety of British English pronunciation called Estuary English.


Premise: Who was the editor of the Independent?

Hypothesis: Several days later the Independent reported The Sun's failure to report its own YouGov poll result which said that "if people thought Mr Clegg's party had a significant chance of winning the election" the Liberal Democrats would win 49% of the vote, and with it a landslide majority.


Premise: What was the driving force behind Milton Winternitz's research?

Hypothesis: Dedicated to the new scientific medicine established in Germany, he was equally fervent about "social medicine" and the study of humans in their culture and environment.


Premise: Who was an early leader of the city?

Hypothesis: Oklahoma City was settled on April 22, 1889, when the area known as the "Unassigned Lands" was opened for settlement in an event known as "The Land Run".


Premise: When was the drug taken off shelves in Germany?

Hypothesis: The firm continued to pressure Kelsey and the agency to approve the application—until November 1961, when the drug was pulled off the German market because of its association with grave congenital abnormalities.


Premise: Which level of schools in Southampton are the worst behaved in the UK?

Hypothesis: With suspension rates three times the national average, the suspension rate is approximately 1 in every 14 children, the highest in the country for physical or verbal assaults against staff.


Premise: War with what country seemed imminent?

Hypothesis: Whether trying to please the U.S. government or through the diplomatic efforts of Sommerfeld and Carothers, or maybe as a result of both, Villa stepped out from under Carranza’s stated foreign policy.


Premise: What was the name of Kanye West's high school?

Hypothesis: West's mother, Dr. Donda C. (Williams) West, was a professor of English at Clark Atlanta University, and the Chair of the English Department at Chicago State University before retiring to serve as his manager.


Premise: In what legislation was the term "eagle" used?

Hypothesis: Paper currency less than one dollar in denomination, known as "fractional currency", was also sometimes pejoratively referred to as "shinplasters".


Premise: What is the practive of coprophagia behaviours?

Hypothesis: Other animals, such as rabbits and rodents, practise coprophagia behaviours - eating specialised faeces in order to re-digest food, especially in the case of roughage.


Premise: What organization was Greek a founding member?

Hypothesis: The country joined what is now the European Union in 1981.


Premise: How many PS3 did Hirai set a public goal to sell by the time the product was nine?

Hypothesis: In January 2008, Kaz Hirai, CEO of Sony Computer Entertainment, suggested that the console may start making a profit by early 2009, stating that, "the next fiscal year starts in April and if we can try to achieve that in the next fiscal year that would be a great thing" and that "[profitability] is not a definite commitment, but that is what I would like to try to shoot for".


Premise: What kind of protection did Cork have?

Hypothesis: The city was once fully walled, and some wall sections and gates remain today.


Premise: What was the amount of sea level change on Tuvalu estimated by the 2011 report?

Hypothesis: The degree of uncertainty as to estimates of sea level change relative to the islands of Tuvalu was reflected in the conclusions made in 2002 from the available data.


Premise: One of the most important business in which Shell is involved is what?

Hypothesis: Similar competencies were required for natural gas, which has become one of the most important businesses in which Shell is involved, and which contributes a significant proportion of the company's profits.


Premise: What occurs to colors of short wavelengths in Rayleigh scattering?

Hypothesis: Colors with a shorter wavelength, such as blue and green, scatter more strongly, and are removed from the light that finally reaches the eye.


Premise: What is ijtihad?

Hypothesis: This scholarly process of "determining orthodoxy began with a question which the Muslim layman, called in that capacity mustaftī, presented to a jurisconsult, called mufti, soliciting from him a response, called fatwa, a legal opinion (the religious law of Islam covers civil as well as religious matters).


Premise: Where was the kingdom of Yue located according to chronicles?

Hypothesis: According to the chronicles, the kingdom of Yue was located in northern Zhejiang.


Premise: What type of aircraft is not appropriate to be used in close proximity of US ground troops?

Hypothesis: The proximity to friendly forces require precision strikes from these aircraft that are not possible with bomber aircraft listed below.


Premise: Who was Napoleon's illegitimate son by his mistress, Maria Walewska?

Hypothesis: He may have had further unacknowledged illegitimate offspring as well, such as Eugen Megerle von Mühlfeld by Emilie Victoria Kraus and Hélène Napoleone Bonaparte (1816–1907) by Albine de Montholon.


Premise: How many Jews live in Argentina?

Hypothesis: Elsewhere in the Americas, there are also large Jewish populations in Canada (315,000), Argentina (180,000-300,000), and Brazil (196,000-600,000), and smaller populations in Mexico, Uruguay, Venezuela, Chile, Colombia and several other countries (see History of the Jews in Latin America).


Premise: What type of organism was named after Beyonce in 2012?

Hypothesis: Her debut single, "Crazy in Love" was named VH1's "Greatest Song of the 2000s", NME's "Best Track of the 00s" and "Pop Song of the Century", considered by Rolling Stone to be one of the 500 greatest songs of all time, earned two Grammy Awards and is one of the best-selling singles of all time at around 8 million copies.


Premise: What nationality is the Flying Fathers team?

Hypothesis: The Flying Fathers, a Canadian group of Catholic priests, regularly toured North America playing exhibition hockey games for charity.


Premise: Who was set to lead the PLO?

Hypothesis: Its head was to be Ahmad Shukeiri, Nasser's personal nominee.


Premise: Soul competency (liberty), salvation through faith alone, Scripture alone as the rule of faith and practice, and the autonomy of the local congregation what examples of what?

Hypothesis: Other tenets of Baptist churches include soul competency (liberty), salvation through faith alone, Scripture alone as the rule of faith and practice, and the autonomy of the local congregation.


Premise: How many volumes was Waitz work?

Hypothesis: His interest was mainly in Biological anthropology, but a German philosopher specializing in psychology, Theodor Waitz, took up the theme of general and social anthropology in his six-volume work, entitled Die Anthropologie der Naturvölker, 1859–1864.


Premise: Who was the English general who met with Benjamin Franklin on Septermber 11, 1776?

Hypothesis: Shortly after the British occupation began, the Great Fire of New York occurred, a large conflagration on the West Side of Lower Manhattan, which destroyed about a quarter of the buildings in the city, including Trinity Church.


Premise: Where is the "Chocolate District" located?

Hypothesis: Chocolate is New York City's leading specialty-food export, with up to US$234 million worth of exports each year.


Premise: Did von Neumann enjoy thinking?

Hypothesis: Most people avoid thinking if they can, some of us are addicted to thinking, but von Neumann actually enjoyed thinking, maybe even to the exclusion of everything else."


Premise: When was John Lofting born?

Hypothesis: The first beer pump known in England is believed to have been invented by John Lofting (b. Netherlands 1659-d.


Premise: When are cabooses still used occasionally?

Hypothesis: The Alaska Railroad was one of the last railroads in North America to use cabooses in regular service and still uses them on some gravel trains.


Premise: What school within the University of Southern California does the Schwarzenegger Institute for State and Global Policy belong to?

Hypothesis: In 2012, Schwarzenegger helped to found the Schwarzenegger Institute for State and Global Policy, which is a part of the USC Sol Price School of Public Policy at the University of Southern California.


Premise: What tribe did Ali belong to?

Hypothesis: Marwan I and other people who wanted conflict manipulated everyone to fight.


Premise: What political ideology dominated Austrian politics in the decades before the second world war?

Hypothesis: The Poverty of Historicism (1944) and The Open Society and Its Enemies (1945)—were inspired by his reflection on the events of his time and represented, in a sense, a reaction to the prevalent totalitarian ideologies that then dominated Central European politics.


Premise: what were two big subgenres of house music?

Hypothesis: Subgenres of house, including deep house and acid house, quickly emerged and gained traction.


Premise: What is an important benefit to using copper as an architectural material?

Hypothesis: Copper has been used since ancient times as a durable, corrosion resistant, and weatherproof architectural material.


Premise: In addition to suspending their obligations under a treaty to the violating party, what may result from a material breach of treaty obligations?

Hypothesis: If a party has materially violated or breached its treaty obligations, the other parties may invoke this breach as grounds for temporarily suspending their obligations to that party under the treaty.


Premise: Since when have Amalgams been used?

Hypothesis: Amalgams have been used since 200 BC in China for plating objects with precious metals, called gilding, such as armor and mirrors.


Premise: What was the title of the first book Madonna penned?

Hypothesis: The first of these books, titled The English Roses, was published in September 2003.


Premise: For what reason are hydraulic elevators not powered by the standard emergency system?

Hypothesis: In hydraulic elevator systems, emergency power will lower the elevators to the lowest landing and open the doors to allow passengers to exit.


Premise: What type or ornamentation was featured on the Illyrians shilds and war belts?

Hypothesis: Illyrians imported weapons and armor from the Ancient Greeks (such as the Illyrian type helmet, originally a Greek type) and also adopted the ornamentation of Ancient Macedon on their shields and their war belts (a single one has been found, dated 3rd century BC at modern Selce e Poshtme part of Macedon at the time under Philip V of Macedon).


Premise: What is Neptune's planet center temperature?

Hypothesis: Temperatures at the planet's centre are approximately 5,400 K (5,100 °C).


Premise: Was there any debate about the voting process in Ohio?

Hypothesis: At the official counting of the electoral votes on January 6, a motion was made contesting Ohio's electoral votes.


Premise: How many times did John levi scutage payments?

Hypothesis: John maximised his right to demand relief payments when estates and castles were inherited, sometimes charging enormous sums, beyond barons' abilities to pay.


Premise: When did the North Carolina Constitution disestablish the Anglican church?

Hypothesis: Article VI, Section 8 of the current NC Constitution forbids only atheists from holding public office.


Premise: What type of container can be used to transport draft beer, and is better for the environment that a bottle?

Hypothesis: A life cycle study of one beer brand, including grain production, brewing, bottling, distribution and waste management, shows that the CO2 emissions from a 6-pack of micro-brew beer is about 3 kilograms (6.6 pounds).


Premise: How many electoral votes does Guam currently have?

Hypothesis: U.S. citizens in Guam vote in a straw poll for their choice in the U.S. Presidential general election, but since Guam has no votes in the Electoral College, the poll has no real effect.


Premise: How many genders does Catalan have?

Hypothesis: Catalan has an inflectional grammar, with two genders (masculine, feminine), and two numbers (singular, plural).


Premise: How many cases that are diagnosed in childhood make it past 10 years with asthma?

Hypothesis: Of asthma diagnosed during childhood, half of cases will no longer carry the diagnosis after a decade.


Premise: What is the maximum amount of players allowed?

Hypothesis: Each team consists of a maximum of eleven players (excluding substitutes), one of whom must be the goalkeeper.