Premise: What are academics in China encouraged to use that their American counterparts are not?

Hypothesis: The study showed that the race concept was widely used among Chinese anthropologists.


Premise: Who provides service to every City, town, and hamlet in Somalia?

Hypothesis: Despite their rivalry, several of these companies signed an interconnectivity deal in 2005 that allows them to set prices, maintain and expand their networks, and ensure that competition does not get out of control.


Premise: What is the national ranking of Bostons radio market?

Hypothesis: Boston is the largest broadcasting market in New England, with the radio market being the 11th largest in the United States.


Premise: What law regulated the rules for time shifts in Israel according to the Jewish calendar?

Hypothesis: In 2013, Israel standardized its daylight saving time according to the Gregorian calendar.


Premise: Who directed 'Seven Samurai'?

Hypothesis: One of Japan’s most renowned directors, Akira Kurosawa, greatly influenced the samurai aspect in western film-making.[citation needed]


Premise: Who introduced the "multiple exclusive" event marketing concept to Apple?

Hypothesis: The launch of the Macintosh pioneered many different tactics that are used today in launching technology products, including the "multiple exclusive," event marketing (credited to John Sculley, who brought the concept over from Pepsi), creating a mystique around a product and giving an inside look into a product's creation.


Premise: Who said that Albania is the most pro-American country in Europe?

Hypothesis: Albania has often been called the 51st state for its perceived strongly pro-American positions, mainly because of the United States' policies towards it.


Premise: What cut short the Sumerian Renaissance in the 21st century BC?

Hypothesis: Classical Sumer ends with the rise of the Akkadian Empire in the 23rd century BC.


Premise: Where does RIBA's business group have its headquarters office?

Hypothesis: It employs over 250 staff, approximately 180 of whom are based in Newcastle.


Premise: What was Florida named in 2011

Hypothesis: Chief Executive Magazine name Florida the third "Best State for Business" in 2011.


Premise: What is the older interstate bus station called?

Hypothesis: Because of the growth of Brasília (and corresponding growth in the bus fleet), today the interstate buses leave from the older interstate station (called Rodoferroviária), located at the western end of the Eixo Monumental.


Premise: The Arnmenian economy depends primarily on what?

Hypothesis: The economy relies heavily on investment and support from Armenians abroad.


Premise: When did Harper Lee pass away?

Hypothesis: Lee continued to respond to her work's impact until her death in February 2016, although she had refused any personal publicity for herself or the novel since 1964.


Premise: When does assention by commission occur today?

Hypothesis: During the 1960s, the ceremony of assenting by commission was discontinued and is now only employed once a year, at the end of the annual parliamentary session.


Premise: Which other war also caused a disconnect between paper money and precious metals?

Hypothesis: In 1862, paper money was issued without the backing of precious metals, due to the Civil War.


Premise: Why are  the fruit fly and the nematode the most intensively studied metazoan model organisms?

Hypothesis: Because of the great diversity found in animals, it is more economical for scientists to study a small number of chosen species so that connections can be drawn from their work and conclusions extrapolated about how animals function in general.


Premise: Where can view the network of tunnels to the catacombs?

Hypothesis: The process of moving bones from Cimetière des Innocents to the catacombs took place between 1786 and 1814; part of the network of tunnels and remains can be visited today on the official tour of the catacombs.


Premise: What equestrian event has Valencia hosted?

Hypothesis: In its long history, Valencia has acquired many local traditions and festivals, among them the Falles, which were declared Celebrations of International Touristic Interest (Fiestas de Interés Turístico Internacional) on 25 January 1965, and the Water Tribunal of Valencia (Tribunal de las Aguas de Valencia), which was declared an intangible cultural heritage of humanity (Patrimonio Cultural Inmaterial de la Humanidad) in 2009.


Premise: Beyonce got married in 2008 to whom?

Hypothesis: pop singer Taylor Swift's "You Belong with Me", led to Kanye West interrupting the ceremony and Beyoncé improvising a re-presentation of Swift's award during her own acceptance speech.


Premise: How often are elections held in the Marshall Islands?

Hypothesis: The government of the Marshall Islands operates under a mixed parliamentary-presidential system as set forth in its Constitution.


Premise: What was Filner's sentence?

Hypothesis: Filner subsequently pleaded guilty to one felony count of false imprisonment and two misdemeanor battery charges, and was sentenced to house arrest and probation.


Premise: What is the name of the Austrian comrade Tito met in Moscow in 1936?

Hypothesis: They married in October 1936, but the records of this marriage were later erased.


Premise: Who else was featured in The sexual behavior of the human male?

Hypothesis: The scale was developed to combat the assumption at the time that people are either heterosexual or homosexual and that these two types represent antitheses in the sexual world.


Premise: What society was studied to describe the notion of collective effervescence?

Hypothesis: Emilé Durkheim (1915/1965) wrote about the collective effervescence or emotional energy that was experienced by members of totemic rituals in Australian aborigine society.


Premise: What never leave the body when acquired?

Hypothesis: Some viruses once acquired never leave the body.


Premise: Georgian architecture is characterized by?

Hypothesis: Georgian architecture is characterized by its proportion and balance; simple mathematical ratios were used to determine the height of a window in relation to its width or the shape of a room as a double cube.


Premise: For clues about the climate of a place, we can look at variation in isotopic abundances or what other thing?

Hypothesis: People have used wood for millennia for many purposes, primarily as a fuel or as a construction material for making houses, tools, weapons, furniture, packaging, artworks, and paper.


Premise: Both telephone and internet services are subject to what?

Hypothesis: A satellite ground station with a 7.6-metre (25 ft) satellite dish installed in 1989 at The Briars is the only international connection providing satellite links through Intelsat 707 to Ascension island and the United Kingdom.


Premise: During what centuries was the Ottoman empire in control of much of Southeast Europe?

Hypothesis: During the 16th and 17th centuries, in particular at the height of its power under the reign of Suleiman the Magnificent, the Ottoman Empire was a multinational, multilingual empire controlling much of Southeast Europe, Western Asia, the Caucasus, North Africa, and the Horn of Africa.


Premise: What was the average attendance for all Premier League clubs during the 2009-10 season?

Hypothesis: The Premier League's record average attendance of 36,144 was set during the 2007–08 season.


Premise: What percentage of Dell notebooks are assembled in their asian plants?

Hypothesis: These facilities serve the Asian market and assemble 95% of Dell notebooks.


Premise: What could help to spur pharmaceuticals to make new antibiotics?

Hypothesis: According to Allan Coukell, senior director for health programs at The Pew Charitable Trusts, "By allowing drug developers to rely on smaller datasets, and clarifying FDA's authority to tolerate a higher level of uncertainty for these drugs when making a risk/benefit calculation, ADAPT would make the clinical trials more feasible."


Premise: In what year was the Conservatoire de Musique de Paris founded?

Hypothesis: The Conservatoire de Musique de Paris was founded in 1795.


Premise: Where do Swiss militia keep their Army issued equipment?

Hypothesis: The structure of the Swiss militia system stipulates that the soldiers keep their Army issued equipment, including all personal weapons, at home.


Premise: When was the release preview set to expire?

Hypothesis: Like the Developer Preview and the Consumer Preview, the release preview expired on January 15, 2013.


Premise: How much more does a average commercial  turkey weigh in comparison to its wild turkey cousins ?

Hypothesis: Mature commercial birds may be twice as heavy as their wild counterparts.


Premise: What percent vertical resolution increase did Squeeze LDs feature over regular widescreen LDs?

Hypothesis: The widescreen movie image was stretched to fill the entire video frame with less or none of the video resolution wasted to create letterbox bars.


Premise: In what year was Nasser posted to Sudan?

Hypothesis: In 1941, Nasser was posted to Khartoum, Sudan, which was part of Egypt at the time.


Premise: Which song did Beyonce sing at the first couple's inaugural ball?

Hypothesis: The fight scene finale between Sharon and the character played by Ali Larter also won the 2010 MTV Movie Award for Best Fight.


Premise: Along with underground, open pit and in-situ leaching, what sort of mining is used to mine uranium?

Hypothesis: Uranium ore is mined in several ways: by open pit, underground, in-situ leaching, and borehole mining (see uranium mining).


Premise: In what decade was German unification?

Hypothesis: Jewish German Eduard Lasker was a prominent German nationalist figure who promoted the unification of Germany in the mid-19th century.


Premise: In what film did Spielberg address humanistic issues?

Hypothesis: In later years, his films began addressing humanistic issues such as the Holocaust (in Schindler's List), the transatlantic slave trade (in Amistad), war (in Empire of the Sun, Saving Private Ryan, War Horse and Bridge of Spies) and terrorism (in Munich).


Premise: What type of policy was the focus of Eisenhower's inaugural address?

Hypothesis: Eisenhower also conducted the first pre-inaugural cabinet meeting in history in late 1952; he used this meeting to articulate his anti-communist Russia policy.


Premise: What percentage of the Colonial population were loyal to the Crown?

Hypothesis: The Loyalists, on whom the British had relied too heavily, comprised about 20% of the population but never were well organized.


Premise: Under what Bill did enrollments surge after the war?

Hypothesis: After the war, surging enrollments under the G.I. Bill drove drastic expansion of both campuses.


Premise: Why is there difficulty in defining process theology ?

Hypothesis: In fact, process theology is difficult to define because process theologians are so diverse and transdisciplinary in their views and interests.


Premise: Einstein and what other two individuals revisited the black-body problem in 1905?

Hypothesis: The very first Solvay Conference in 1911 was devoted to "the theory of radiation and quanta".


Premise: Who said that Detroit is one of the poorest big cities in the country?

Hypothesis: Two Young Lives and the Struggle for the Soul of an American City, said in 2010, "Detroit is now one of the poorest big cities in the country."


Premise: Who has been pushing for hybridization?

Hypothesis: Local governments and industry have been pushing hybridization.


Premise: Which general maintained camp in El Paso Del Norte after the battle?

Hypothesis: General Doniphan maintained camp in El Paso Del Norte awaiting supplies and artillery which he received in February 1847.


Premise: In what year did Herschel publish his work on infrared radiation?

Hypothesis: Herschel used a prism to refract light from the sun and detected the infrared, beyond the red part of the spectrum, through an increase in the temperature recorded on a thermometer.


Premise: What portion of Samoa works in agriculture?

Hypothesis: Agriculture employs two-thirds of the labour force, and furnishes 90% of exports, featuring coconut cream, coconut oil, noni (juice of the nonu fruit, as it is known in Samoan), and copra.


Premise: What is the average temperature for January in Atlantic City?

Hypothesis: Winters are cool, with January averaging 35.5 °F (2 °C).


Premise: The Wanamaker Mile is an event by which annual track and field meeting?

Hypothesis: The city is also considered the host of the Belmont Stakes, the last, longest and oldest of horse racing's Triple Crown races, held just over the city's border at Belmont Park on the first or second Sunday of June.


Premise: What is one of the famous movies Greek composers has scored?

Hypothesis: At the same time, composers and musicians such as Mikis Theodorakis, Manos Hatzidakis, Eleni Karaindrou, Vangelis and Demis Roussos garnered an international following for their music, which include famous film scores such as Zorba the Greek, Serpico, Never on Sunday, America America, Eternity and a Day, Chariots of Fire, Blade Runner, among others.


Premise: What years did Ögedei Khan rule?

Hypothesis: However, when they ceased to pay tribute after Genghis Khan's death, his successor Ögedei Khan (r. 1229–1241) launched an invasion into Tibet.


Premise: What are pesticides most commonly used for?

Hypothesis: This use of pesticides is so common that the term pesticide is often treated as synonymous with plant protection product, although it is in fact a broader term, as pesticides are also used for non-agricultural purposes.


Premise: Who arrived at the Marshall Islands in 1788?

Hypothesis: The islands were named for Marshall on Western charts, although the natives have historically named their home "jolet


Premise: What is the name of the software sometimes used to help calculate lighting needs in a built environment?

Hypothesis: Lighting design as it applies to the built environment is known as 'architectural lighting design'.


Premise: What did Lewis Paul invent?

Hypothesis: In the first revolution, Lewis Paul was the original inventor of roller spinning, the basis of the water frame for spinning cotton in a cotton mill.


Premise: What group was to approve the new democratic constitution?

Hypothesis: By 26 March, the growing refusal of soldiers to fire into the largely nonviolent protesting crowds turned into a full-scale tumult, and resulted into thousands of soldiers putting down their arms and joining the pro-democracy movement.


Premise: What wood has recently started being used to make baseball bats in addition to hickory and ash?

Hypothesis: The baseball bats which are legal for use in Major League Baseball are frequently made of ash wood or hickory, and in recent years have been constructed from maple even though that wood is somewhat more fragile.


Premise: Where was the sub base located?

Hypothesis: In addition, the Soviets provided Germany with access to the Northern Sea Route for both cargo ships and raiders (though only the commerce raider Komet used the route before the German invasion), which forced Britain to protect sea lanes in both the Atlantic and the Pacific.


Premise: In 1967, what well-known family sold The Times to a Canadian publishing magnate?

Hypothesis: His Thomson Corporation brought it under the same ownership as The Sunday Times to form Times Newspapers Limited.


Premise: How does Switzerland rank worldwide in areas such as quality of life and civil liberties?

Hypothesis: Switzerland ranks top or close to the top in several metrics of national performance, including government transparency, civil liberties, quality of life, economic competitiveness, and human development.


Premise: What region of the country is historical slavery well known?

Hypothesis: In the far north, there is a division between Berber-descendent Tuareg nomad populations and the darker-skinned Bella or Tamasheq people, due the historical spread of slavery in the region.


Premise: Who runs Plymouth's railroad station?

Hypothesis: Smaller stations are served by local trains on the Tamar Valley Line and Cornish Main Line.


Premise: When did Abd al-Malik's rule begin?

Hypothesis: Marwan was succeeded by his son, Abd al-Malik (685–705), who reconsolidated Umayyad control of the caliphate.


Premise: What establishments inspired pubs to set up serving bars?

Hypothesis: Until that time beer establishments used to bring the beer out to the table or benches, as remains the practice in (for example) beer gardens and other drinking establishments in Germany.


Premise: How many firefighters work for the New York City Fire Department?

Hypothesis: The FDNY employs approximately 11,080 uniformed firefighters and over 3,300 uniformed EMTs and paramedics.


Premise: In what year did Napoleon III create new arrondissements?

Hypothesis: In 1860, Napoleon III also annexed the surrounding towns and created eight new arrondissements, expanding Paris to its current limits.


Premise: What is an example of a voluntary intent of a message related to nonverbal communication?

Hypothesis: Examples of intent are voluntary, intentional movements like shaking a hand or winking, as well as involuntary, such as sweating.


Premise: How were most elevators built before 1939 powered?

Hypothesis: In general, most elevators before WWII were manually controlled by elevator operators using a rheostat connected to the motor.


Premise: Where does Egypt rank for Religious freedom according to Pew Forum?

Hypothesis: The United States Commission on International Religious Freedom, a bipartisan independent agency of the US government, has placed Egypt on its watch list of countries that require close monitoring due to the nature and extent of violations of religious freedom engaged in or tolerated by the government.


Premise: The integration of Shinto shrines into government branches reflected a greater what?

Hypothesis: The shōen system enabled the accumulation of wealth by an aristocratic elite; the economic surplus can be linked to the cultural developments of the Heian period and the "pursuit of arts".


Premise: Zhongshan Road and Hanzhong cross each other in what area of Nanjing?

Hypothesis: The two artery roads in Nanjing are Zhongshan Road and Hanzhong.


Premise: Who was elected Vice President of the United States in 1864?

Hypothesis: Under Johnson's lenient re-admission policy, Tennessee was the first of the seceding states to have its elected members readmitted to the U.S. Congress, on July 24, 1866.


Premise: In what year was Bush Intercontinental named a model by U.S. Customs?

Hypothesis: In early 2007, Bush Intercontinental Airport was named a model "port of entry" for international travelers by U.S. Customs and Border Protection.


Premise: According to Shields, which of the books lessons are fundamental and universal?

Hypothesis: [w]hile the novel concerns tragedy and injustice, heartache and loss, it also carries with it a strong sense [of] courage, compassion, and an awareness of history to be better human beings."


Premise: Are plants and animals genetically the same?

Hypothesis: Nevertheless, there are some distinctive genetic differences between plants and other organisms.


Premise: In 1939 Hitler said bombing of Britain would begin when?

Hypothesis: Adolf Hitler failed to pay as much attention to bombing the enemy as he did to protection from enemy bombing, although he had promoted the development of a bomber force in the 1930s and understood that it was possible to use bombers for major strategic purposes.


Premise: What has been a main area of solar chemical research since the 1970s?

Hypothesis: Hydrogen production technologies been a significant area of solar chemical research since the 1970s.


Premise: What do you call  government officials using power for illicit private gain?

Hypothesis: Political corruption is the use of powers by government officials for illegitimate private gain.


Premise: Is the age that peope are allowed to marry universally decided upon?

Hypothesis: It should be noted that the legal coming of age often does not correspond with the sudden realization of autonomy; many adolescents who have legally reached adult age are still dependent on their guardians or peers for emotional and financial support.


Premise: The Soviet Union feared invasion from which potential enemy?

Hypothesis: Geostrategic principles also drove the Soviet Union to prevent invasion of its territory by Western European powers.


Premise: Who gained temporal power in Tibet in the 1240s?

Hypothesis: Mongolian prince Khuden gained temporal power in Tibet in the 1240s and sponsored Sakya Pandita, whose seat became the capital of Tibet.


Premise: Which government awards the Order of the Chrysanthemum?

Hypothesis: The most notable awards included the French Legion of Honour and National Order of Merit, the British Order of the Bath, the Soviet Order of Lenin, the Japanese Order of the Chrysanthemum, the German Federal Cross of Merit, and the Order of Merit of Italy.


Premise: How many people in Kazakhstan speak Russian natively?

Hypothesis: Large Russian-speaking communities still exist in northern Kazakhstan, and ethnic Russians comprise 25.6% of Kazakhstan's population.


Premise: What provides information to the SCN?

Hypothesis: But the retina also contains specialized ganglion cells that are directly photosensitive, and project directly to the SCN, where they help in the entrainment (synchronization) of this master circadian clock.


Premise: Gautama invented a new kind of human without what?

Hypothesis: Gautama thus invented a new kind of human, one without egotism.[dubious – discuss]


Premise: What organization sponsors an assistance program for least developed countries?

Hypothesis: Tuvalu participates in the Enhanced Integrated Framework for Trade-Related Technical Assistance to Least Developed Countries (EIF), which was established in October 1997 under the auspices of the World Trade Organisation.


Premise: What describes communication as creative and dynamic rather than discrete?

Hypothesis: Theories of coregulation describe communication as a creative and dynamic continuous process, rather than a discrete exchange of information.


Premise: Prior to the 2008 games, when did Malaysia last see an Olympic torch relay?

Hypothesis: The last time an Olympic torch relay was held in Malaysia was the 1964 Tokyo edition.


Premise: In what area of the US can one find the Presidential Library system libraries?

Hypothesis: The Presidential Libraries include:


Premise: What is the sea life reserve named at St. Barts?

Hypothesis: The Reserve has two levels of protection, the yellow zones of protection where certain non-extractive activities, like snorkeling and boating, are allowed and the red zones of high protection where most activities including SCUBA are restricted in order to protect or recover marine life.


Premise: How much of the US's oil comes from Nigeria?

Hypothesis: It has the seventh-largest trade surplus with the US of any country worldwide.


Premise: Who was largely responsible for the population growth of Downtown San Diego?

Hypothesis: In the late 1860s, Alonzo Horton promoted a move to the bayside area, which he called "New Town" and which became Downtown San Diego.


Premise: Aviation strategists disputed over what?

Hypothesis: Some writers claim the Air Staff ignored a critical lesson, however: British morale did not break.


Premise: What is act 21 of 2000 in Namibia?

Hypothesis: the Namibia Tourism Board Act, 2000 (Act 21 of 2000).


Premise: What was Greece's unemployment rate between in 2009?

Hypothesis: IMF's forecast said that Greece's unemployment rate would hit the highest 14.8 percent in 2012 and decrease to 14.1 in 2014.


Premise: The Nidānakathā of the Jataka tales of the Theravada is attributed to who?

Hypothesis: This narrative draws on the Nidānakathā of the Jataka tales of the Theravada, which is ascribed to Buddhaghoṣa in the 5th century CE.


Premise: What method does Spanish use to identify the object?

Hypothesis: This flexibility allows Catalan to use extraposition extensively, much more than French or Spanish.


Premise: What did scientists attempt to boost artificially on Saint Helena?

Hypothesis: Between 1791 and 1833, Saint Helena became the site of a series of experiments in conservation, reforestation and attempts to boost rainfall artificially.


Premise: Who creates sparks and explosions?

Hypothesis: A correfoc (fire run) or Devil's dance (Ball de diables, features dancing youth amid the sparks and explosions of the ritual crew of devils.


Premise: When did Kerry and Teresa meet?

Hypothesis: Kerry and his second wife, Mozambican-born businesswoman and philanthropist Maria Teresa Thierstein Simões Ferreira (known as Teresa), the widow of Kerry's late Pennsylvania Republican Senate colleague Henry John Heinz III, were introduced to each other by Heinz at an Earth Day rally in 1990.


Premise: Besides Camouflage being a reason for having certain hair colors, what other reasons have been discovered?

Hypothesis: Camouflage is thought to be a major selection pressure shaping coloration in mammals, although there is also evidence that sexual selection, communication, and physiological processes may influence the evolution of coloration as well.


Premise: What basic civil planning system for streets is rooted in neoclassicism?

Hypothesis: At its most basic, the grid system of streets, a central forum with city services, two main slightly wider boulevards, and the occasional diagonal street were characteristic of the very logical and orderly Roman design.


Premise: Which four states opposed the French?

Hypothesis: At the zenith of their power, the imperialist forces controlled all but four states in Mexico; the only states to maintain strong opposition to the French were: Guerrero, Chihuahua, Sonora, and Baja California.


Premise: What was the trajectory of political unrest after the treaty?

Hypothesis: Despite it having the almost unanimous backing of Egypt's political forces, Nasser strongly objected to the 1936 Anglo-Egyptian Treaty because it stipulated the continued presence of British military bases in the country.


Premise: Why are average trip distances so lengthy in San Diego?

Hypothesis: At the same time, the city's hilly, canyon-like terrain and significantly long average trip distances—brought about by strict low-density zoning laws—somewhat restrict cycling for utilitarian purposes.


Premise: The gene differences indicate what two things done by selection in dogs during breeding for domestication?

Hypothesis: These gene variations were unlikely to have been the result of natural evolution, and indicate selection on both morphology and behavior during dog domestication.


Premise: Psychiatrists believe in 1938  that mental trauma could reach how many millions?

Hypothesis: Winston Churchill told Parliament in 1934, "We must expect that, under the pressure of continuous attack upon London, at least three or four million people would be driven out into the open country around the metropolis.


Premise: when was the first beta test for the youtube site?

Hypothesis: The site grew rapidly, and in July 2006 the company announced that more than 65,000 new videos were being uploaded every day, and that the site was receiving 100 million video views per day.


Premise: Where was Karl von Löesch transferred to after he turned over the documents?

Hypothesis: When the various departments of the Foreign Office in Berlin were evacuated to Thuringia at the end of the war, Karl von Loesch, a civil servant who had worked for the chief interpreter Paul Otto Schmidt, was entrusted with these microfilm copies.


Premise: When were the 3 new cemeteries open?

Hypothesis: Open from 1804, these were the cemeteries of Père Lachaise, Montmartre, Montparnasse, and later Passy; these cemeteries became inner-city once again when Paris annexed all neighbouring communes to the inside of its much larger ring of suburban fortifications in 1860.


Premise: What community has the most prevalency for child labour?

Hypothesis: Lack of meaningful alternatives, such as affordable schools and quality education, according to ILO, is another major factor driving children to harmful labour.


Premise: How much did international trade fall?

Hypothesis: International trade plunged by half to two-thirds, as did personal income, tax revenue, prices and profits.


Premise: In what year did van Gaal and Núñez resign from Barcelona?

Hypothesis: Despite this domestic success, the failure to emulate Real Madrid in the Champions League led to van Gaal and Núñez resigning in 2000.


Premise: Who was the ruler in Morocco?

Hypothesis: Some succeeded their fathers as rulers, such as Sultan Ahmad al-Mansur, who ruled Morocco from 1578 to 1608.


Premise: Who is considered the father of natural history?

Hypothesis: In 1665, using an early microscope, Polymath Robert Hooke discovered cells, a term he coined, in cork, and a short time later in living plant tissue.


Premise: What are two enviromental factors?

Hypothesis: Asthma is thought to be caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors.


Premise: Napoleon is viewed by some as a founder of what modern nation?

Hypothesis: After dissolving the Holy Roman Empire, he reduced the number of German states from 300 to less than 50, paving the way to German Unification.


Premise: What protected the abbey?

Hypothesis: Oliver Cromwell was given an elaborate funeral there in 1658, only to be disinterred in January 1661 and posthumously hanged from a gibbet at Tyburn.


Premise: Which of Queen Victoria's children died in July of that year?

Hypothesis: Instead, the Queen went to Ireland for the first time since 1861, in part to acknowledge the contribution of Irish regiments to the South African war.


Premise: How did the British treat Cherbourg?

Hypothesis: Covered by naval bombardment, the army drove off the French force detailed to oppose their landing, captured Cherbourg, and destroyed its fortifications, docks, and shipping.


Premise: What language form is parli?

Hypothesis: E.g. parlo (Central), parl (Balearic), parli (Northern), ('I speak').


Premise: Who accused the United States of beginning an armed intervention in South Korea?

Hypothesis: On 25 June 1950, the United Nations Security Council unanimously condemned the North Korean invasion of the Republic of Korea, with UN Security Council Resolution 82.


Premise: What are intraguild predators?

Hypothesis: Another manner in which predation and competition are connected is throughout intraguild predation.


Premise: When did Middle Persian start being u sed?

Hypothesis: The script used for Middle Persian in this era underwent significant maturity.


Premise: When Gaddafi went to England, how did he respond to their culture?

Hypothesis: He later related that while he travelled to England believing it more advanced than Libya, he returned home "more confident and proud of our values, ideals and social character."


Premise: In what year did Sony and BMG Germany merge?

Hypothesis: However Sony continued to operate its Japanese music business independently from Sony BMG while BMG Japan was made part of the merger.


Premise: Who began probing Nintendo's business?

Hypothesis: GameSpy remarked that Nintendo's punishment was particularly weak giving the case's findings, although it has been speculated that the FTC did not want to damage the video game industry in the United States.


Premise: Was the transition from Old Dutch to Modern Dutch gradual, or did it happen quickly?

Hypothesis: It is the Franconian dialects that is designated as Old Dutch, and that would develop in Middle Dutch and later Modern Dutch.


Premise: What changed the Prussian relationship with Sweden?

Hypothesis: Her Prussophile successor, Peter III, at once recalled Russian armies from Berlin (see: the Treaty of Saint Petersburg (1762)) and mediated Frederick's truce with Sweden.


Premise: Who granted Imperial close to 170 million pounds in grants?

Hypothesis: During the 2012/13 financial year Imperial had a capital expenditure of £124 million (2011/12 – £152 million).


Premise: What effect has the housing boom had on house prices and rents?

Hypothesis: However, after 10 years[when?] of planning policies to encourage medium-density and high-density development in existing areas with greater access to public transport and other services, Melbourne's middle and outer-ring suburbs have seen significant brownfields redevelopment.


Premise: Generally, what types of teams call Nanjing home?

Hypothesis: As a major Chinese city, Nanjing is home to many professional sports teams.


Premise: Oxford Dictionary added which word from the 2000s dedicated to Beyonce?

Hypothesis: " Due to her curves and the term's catchiness, in the 2000s, the media often used the term "Bootylicious" (a portmanteau of the words booty and delicious) to describe Beyoncé, the term popularized by Destiny's Child's single of the same name.


Premise: Who were the leaders of the Age of Awakening?

Hypothesis: Among the leaders of the movement were Johann Voldemar Jannsen, Jakob Hurt and Carl Robert Jakobson.


Premise: What was South Vietnam called in 1955?

Hypothesis: After Diem announced the formation of the Republic of Vietnam (RVN, commonly known as South Vietnam) in October, Eisenhower immediately recognized the new state and offered military, economic, and technical assistance.


Premise: How tall are the mountains in New Hampshire?

Hypothesis: In New Hampshire, many summits rise above 5,000 ft (1,500 m), including Mount Washington in the White Mountains at 6,288 ft (1,917 m), Adams at 5,771 ft (1,759 m), Jefferson at 5,712 ft (1,741 m), Monroe at 5,380 ft (1,640 m), Madison at 5,367 ft (1,636 m), Lafayette at 5,249 feet (1,600 m), and Lincoln at 5,089 ft (1,551 m).


Premise: When are the new plans supposed to come to fruition for the airport?

Hypothesis: Goals are to eventually handle 120 million passengers a year, which would make it the busiest airport in the world.


Premise: Where was Paul VI headed to on July 14, 1978?

Hypothesis: On Sunday, at the Feast of the Transfiguration, he was tired, but wanted to say the Angelus.


Premise: On what date did Tuvalu join the Pacific Islands Development Forum?

Hypothesis: Tuvalu participates in the work of Secretariat of the Pacific Community, or SPC (sometimes Pacific Community) and is a member of the Pacific Islands Forum, the Commonwealth of Nations and the United Nations.


Premise: Who would oversee all functions of the new district?

Hypothesis: The district would include heavier police presence, as well as beautification and infrastructure improvements.


Premise: What three contributions to Atlantic City was Edward L. Bader known for?

Hypothesis: Despite the opposition of many others, he purchased land that became the city's municipal airport and high school football stadium, both of which were later named Bader Field in his honor.


Premise: The grounds at what location were the site of "diplomatic hunts"?

Hypothesis: While Tito was the person who held the office of president for by far the longest period, the associated property was not private and much of it continues to be in use by Yugoslav successor states, as public property, or maintained at the disposal of high-ranking officials.


Premise: Comcast's revenues in 2009 were how much?

Hypothesis: Revenues grew sixfold from 1999's $6 billion to almost $36 billion in 2009.


Premise: When was Robert Hickens' book wrote?

Hypothesis: The Near East (1913) is subtitled Dalmatia, Greece and Constantinople.


Premise: Were the Masons political or non-political in the American Revolution?

Hypothesis: American historians, while noting that Benjamin Franklin and George Washington were indeed active Masons, have downplayed the importance of Freemasonry in causing the American Revolution because the Masonic order was non-political and included both Patriots and their enemy the Loyalists.


Premise: Where was Popper's academic appointment in New Zealand?

Hypothesis: In 1937, Popper finally managed to get a position that allowed him to emigrate to New Zealand, where he became lecturer in philosophy at Canterbury University College of the University of New Zealand in Christchurch.


Premise: What were some of the downsides of the more liberal Soviet Union?

Hypothesis: This liberalization, however, fostered nationalist movements and ethnic disputes within the Soviet Union.


Premise: What must Africans who recently immigrated do?

Hypothesis: Together with publicity about the ancestry of President Barack Obama, whose father was from Kenya, some black writers have argued that new terms are needed for recent immigrants.


Premise: What city did Muravyev decide not to take control over?

Hypothesis: He therefore decided to control the surrounding area with cavalry and starve them out.


Premise: What is the name of the teen paper that the Boston Globe provides to schools?

Hypothesis: The Boston Globe also releases a teen publication to the city's public high schools, called Teens in Print or T.i.


Premise: In what year was arsphenamine discovered?

Hypothesis: The drug was given the commercial name Salvarsan.


Premise: In what year did iron production in Richmond peak?

Hypothesis: At the height of production in the 1890, 25 foundries operated in the city employing nearly 3,500 metal workers.


Premise: What is the most populous city in Guam?

Hypothesis: Located in the northwestern Pacific Ocean, Guam is one of five American territories with an established civilian government.


Premise: When did the religions of the past begin to dissipate ?

Hypothesis: However, Greece itself had a tendency to cling to paganism and was not one of the influential centers of early Christianity: in fact, some ancient Greek religious practices remained in vogue until the end of the 4th century, with some areas such as the southeastern Peloponnese remaining pagan until well into the 10th century AD.


Premise: How many commanders are in The Order?

Hypothesis: Although the Order of the British Empire has by far the highest number of members of the British Orders of Chivalry, with over 100,000 living members worldwide, there are fewer appointments to knighthoods than in other orders.


Premise: Who called the Chance for Peace speech the best one Eisenhower gave as president?

Hypothesis: Biographer Stephen Ambrose opined that this was the best speech of Eisenhower's presidency.


Premise: How many events does the University Musical Society present in a year?

Hypothesis: Founded in 1879, the University Musical Society is an independent performing arts organization that presents over 60 events each year, bringing international artists in music, dance, and theater.


Premise: When did Madonna visit Malawi's school?

Hypothesis: When Madonna visited the schools in April 2013, President of Malawi Joyce Banda expressed criticism of the star and her charity, accusing her of exaggerating her charity's contribution.


Premise: Nintendo's measures for third party game developers were also adopted by which later manufacturers?

Hypothesis: Some of the Nintendo platform-control measures were adopted by later console manufacturers such as Sega, Sony, and Microsoft, although not as stringent.


Premise: Why is the black population in Bermuda different from that in the British West Indies and the United States?

Hypothesis: The first blacks to arrive in Bermuda in any numbers were free blacks from Spanish-speaking areas of the West Indies, and most of the remainder were recently enslaved Africans captured from the Spanish and Portuguese.


Premise: What did Liu Shankun do with the pictures he took of collapsed schools?

Hypothesis: Liu’s family was later told that he was being investigated on suspicion of the crime of inciting subversion.


Premise: What term is given to the attempt by the US and her allies to fight global terrorist groups?

Hypothesis: The War on Terrorism is a global effort by the governments of several countries (primarily the United States and its principal allies) to neutralize international terrorist groups (primarily Islamic Extremist terrorist groups, including al-Qaeda) and ensure that countries considered by the US and some of its allies to be Rogue Nations no longer support terrorist activities.


Premise: UNFPA was originally administered by what U.N. body?

Hypothesis: UNFPA began operations in 1969 as the United Nations Fund for Population Activities (the name was changed in 1987) under the administration of the United Nations Development Fund.


Premise: What is the second biggest centre for the U.N.?

Hypothesis: A large number of international institutions have their seats in Switzerland, in part because of its policy of neutrality.


Premise: Which religious group is the second largest with 150,000 members?

Hypothesis: Thus, the number of adherents of Lutheranism and Orthodoxy, without regard to citizenship or ethnicity, is roughly equal.


Premise: How did the experiment succeed?

Hypothesis: He concludes:


Premise: How much cooling can ozone depletion cause over Antarctica?

Hypothesis: Ozone depletion over Antarctica can cause a cooling of around 6 °C in the local stratosphere.


Premise: What did the last glacial period provide

Hypothesis: Extended systems of underwater caves, sinkholes and springs are found throughout the state and supply most of the water used by residents.


Premise: When did indices on corruption first appear?

Hypothesis: While "corruption" indices first appeared in 1995 with the Corruption Perceptions Index CPI, all of these metrics address different proxies for corruption, such as public perceptions of the extent of the problem.


Premise: What did conservative Muslim clerics accuse Gaddafi of?

Hypothesis: His emphasis on placing his own work on a par with the Qur'an led conservative clerics to accuse him of shirk, furthering their opposition to his regime.


Premise: What Kathmandu valley area was named a World Heritage Site by UNESCO?

Hypothesis: These are amply reflected in the many temples, shrines, stupas, monasteries, and palaces in the seven well-defined Monument Zones of the Kathmandu valley are part of a UNESCO World Heritage Site.


Premise: When did instruction begin at Northwestern?

Hypothesis: The university's law, medical, and professional schools are located on a 25-acre (10 ha) campus in Chicago's Streeterville neighborhood.


Premise: How much money did videoconferencing help this rural area save?

Hypothesis: This had previously cost nearly $10,000 per transfer.


Premise: What sort of form is Estonian transitioning into?

Hypothesis: The canonical word order is SVO (subject–verb–object).


Premise: What is the study of the differenet varieties of Catalan?

Hypothesis: Catalan sociolinguistics studies the situation of Catalan in the world and the different varieties that this language presents.


Premise: What are the landholdings that the farming industry uses called?

Hypothesis: While the western coast, with its major population centers and its fishing and manufacturing industries, is prosperous and increasing in population, the rural hinterland — the provinces of Ourense and Lugo — is economically dependent on traditional agriculture, based on small landholdings called minifundios.


Premise: In what borough is the Ditmas Park neighborhood located?

Hypothesis: In neighborhoods such as Riverdale (in the Bronx), Ditmas Park (in Brooklyn), and Douglaston (in Queens), large single-family homes are common in various architectural styles such as Tudor Revival and Victorian.


Premise: For which film from 1982 did Schwarzenegger first gain fame?

Hypothesis: In 1984, he appeared in James Cameron's science-fiction thriller film The Terminator, which was a massive critical and box-office success.


Premise: What is one of SASO's main goals?

Hypothesis: The Sell Assessment of Sexual Orientation (SASO) was developed to address the major concerns with the Kinsey Scale and Klein Sexual Orientation Grid and as such, measures sexual orientation on a continuum, considers various dimensions of sexual orientation, and considers homosexuality and heterosexuality separately.


Premise: What group runs The Procession?

Hypothesis: The parade is followed by performances on an outdoor stage, culminating in the burning of an urn in which written prayers have been collected from participants and spectators.


Premise: What did Apple's "Lemmings" ad, which introduced Macintosh Office, do that made the ad unsuccessful?

Hypothesis: Apple introduced the Macintosh Office suite the same year with the "Lemmings" ad.


Premise: What block does Northwestern Catalan and Valencian belong to?

Hypothesis: Each dialect can be further subdivided in several subdialects.


Premise: Who now takes responsibility for aviation security?

Hypothesis: Legislation in 1970 gave the agency management of a new airport aid program and certain added responsibilities for airport safety.


Premise: What park is located in the previous river bed?

Hypothesis: The old riverbed is now a verdant sunken park called the 'Garden of the Turia' (Jardí del Túria or Jardín del Turia) that allows cyclists and pedestrians to traverse much of the city without the use of roads; overhead bridges carry motor traffic across the park.


Premise: Who is excluded from Freemasonry?

Hypothesis: At the dawn of the Grand Lodge era, during the 1720s, James Anderson composed the first printed constitutions for Freemasons, the basis for most subsequent constitutions, which specifically excluded women from Freemasonry.


Premise: What happened to the political prisoner being held in Burma ?

Hypothesis: The series of reforms includes the release of pro-democracy leader Aung San Suu Kyi from house arrest, the establishment of the National Human Rights Commission, the granting of general amnesties for more than 200 political prisoners, new labour laws that permit labour unions and strikes, a relaxation of press censorship, and the regulation of currency practices.


Premise: What bonus features were available on the first home video "Special Edition"?

Hypothesis: The disc provided interviews, commentary tracks, documentaries, still photographs, and other features for historians and collectors.


Premise: Which senators held a hearing about video game violence in 1993?

Hypothesis: While Nintendo took the high ground with moderate success, the hearings led to the creation of the Interactive Digital Software Association and the Entertainment Software Rating Board, and the inclusion of ratings on all video games.


Premise: Do American Hispanics speak English in the home?

Hypothesis: By 2015, there was a trend that most Americans and American residents who are of Hispanic descent speak only English in the home.


Premise: What new label did the Department of External Affairs receive in 1943?

Hypothesis: Between 1919 and 1962, Samoa was administered by the Department of External Affairs, a government department which had been specially created to oversee New Zealand's Island Territories and Samoa.


Premise: Why political movement was named for Joseph McCarthy?

Hypothesis: On the domestic front, he covertly opposed Joseph McCarthy and contributed to the end of McCarthyism by openly invoking the modern expanded version of executive privilege.


Premise: In contrast to genomics, genetics usually studies what?

Hypothesis: The study of the global properties of genomes of related organisms is usually referred to as genomics, which distinguishes it from genetics which generally studies the properties of single genes or groups of genes.


Premise: In what year did the Carolingians take over Neustria?

Hypothesis: The Carolingian dynasty, as the successors to Charles Martel are known, officially took control of the kingdoms of Austrasia and Neustria in a coup of 753 led by Pippin III (r. 752–768).


Premise: Who is the current Mayor of London?

Hypothesis: The headquarters of the GLA is City Hall, Southwark; the mayor is Boris Johnson.


Premise: Where was MacArthur's headquarters moved to in March of 1942?

Hypothesis: Curtin agreed to place Australian forces under the command of MacArthur who became Supreme Commander, South West Pacific.


Premise: How much money was donated for a new Biochemistry Department?

Hypothesis: Imperial acquired Silwood Park in 1947, to provide a site for research and teaching in those aspects of biology not well suited for the main London campus.


Premise: What was the main reason for the creation of the Royal Dutch Shell Group?

Hypothesis: In February 1907, the Royal Dutch Shell Group was created through the amalgamation of two rival companies: the Royal Dutch Petroleum Company of the Netherlands and the "Shell" Transport and Trading Company Ltd of the United Kingdom.


Premise: What number of troops did France have to contend with?

Hypothesis: Having lost any hope for victory and facing a massacre, the French army disengaged and retreated in a westerly direction towards Bitche and Saverne, hoping to join French forces on the other side of the Vosges mountains.


Premise: WHo reformed the grand duchy army?

Hypothesis: As there were not enough nobles, Vytautas trained suitable men, relieving them of labor on the land and of other duties; for their military service to the Grand Duke, they were granted land that was worked by hired men (veldams).


Premise: What is another word for when alloys solidify?

Hypothesis: Due to its very-high strength and toughness (which is much higher than pure iron), and its ability to be greatly altered by heat treatment, steel is one of the most common alloys in modern use.


Premise: What was a way to reach the economic goals of the Ottoman economic system?

Hypothesis: The Ottoman economic mind was closely related to the basic concepts of state and society in the Middle East in which the ultimate goal of a state was consolidation and extension of the ruler's power, and the way to reach it


Premise: What is the type designation of Catalan in Catalonia?

Hypothesis: The Generalitat of Catalunya spends part of its annual budget on the promotion of the use of Catalan in Catalonia and in other territories.


Premise: What other instrument did the Tennessee string bands use?

Hypothesis: And once in a while they would ease a little ukulele in there and a bass fiddle.


Premise: What political view did Gladstone hold?

Hypothesis: Disraeli's ministry only lasted a matter of months, and at the end of the year his Liberal rival, William Ewart Gladstone, was appointed prime minister.


Premise: In order to make a vaccine , what do viruses require that bacteria does not?

Hypothesis: Bacteria can be grown in the laboratory on nutrient culture media, but viruses need living cells in which to replicate.


Premise: How many copies of each chromosome does a sexual organism have?

Hypothesis: Asexual organisms simply inherit a complete copy of their parent's genome.


Premise: What is an example of architectural technology that is seen in Gothic construction?

Hypothesis: Those technologies were the ogival or pointed arch, the ribbed vault, and the buttress.


Premise: Which military section could have a full military structure?

Hypothesis: In the field army a light gun or SHORAD battalion is often assigned to a manoeuvre division.


Premise: What dynasty ruled Germany starting in 1024?

Hypothesis: During the early High Middle Ages, Germany was ruled by the Ottonian dynasty, which struggled to control the powerful dukes ruling over territorial duchies tracing back to the Migration period.


Premise: Whose beliefs in scientific philosophy were similar to Hayek's?

Hypothesis: In his philosophy of science, which has much in common with that of his good friend Karl Popper, Hayek was highly critical of what he termed scientism: a false understanding of the methods of science that has been mistakenly forced upon the social sciences, but that is contrary to the practices of genuine science.


Premise: What famous English artist was Kanye compared to by The Guardian?

Hypothesis: The Guardian has compared West to David Bowie, arguing that "there is nobody else who can sell as many records as West does (30m-odd album sales and counting) while remaining so resolutely experimental and capable of stirring things up culturally and politically."


Premise: What type of neighborhood is Sherwood Forest?

Hypothesis: The University Commons-Palmer Park district in northwest Detroit, near the University of Detroit Mercy and Marygrove College, anchors historic neighborhoods including Palmer Woods, Sherwood Forest, and the University District.


Premise: Who was the last Ptolemaic monarch?

Hypothesis: After the defeat of Anthony and his lover, the last Ptolemaic monarch, Cleopatra VII at the Battle of Actium, Augustus invaded Egypt and took it as his own personal fiefdom.


Premise: What must designers of systems that are ACL based do?

Hypothesis: Using ACLs to confine programs has been proven to be insecure in many situations, such as if the host computer can be tricked into indirectly allowing restricted file access, an issue known as the confused deputy problem.


Premise: What determines the jetty that's used by supply ships to Norfolk Island?

Hypothesis: The jetty on the leeward side of the island is often used.


Premise: How much money did Libya earn from oil in 1986?

Hypothesis: The early and mid-1980s saw economic trouble for Libya; from 1982 to 1986, the country's annual oil revenues dropped from $21 billion to $5.4 billion.


Premise: Where do plants store their DNA?

Hypothesis: All plants are multicellular eukaryotes, their DNA stored in nuclei.


Premise: Which Carnival in Argentina is the most representative of the nature of the Carnival?

Hypothesis: In Argentina, the most representative Carnival performed is the so-called Murga, although other famous Carnivals, more like Brazil's, are held in Argentine Mesopotamia and the North-East.


Premise: What happens to children with congenital insensitivity to pain?

Hypothesis: A much smaller number of people are insensitive to pain due to an inborn abnormality of the nervous system, known as "congenital insensitivity to pain".


Premise: How many contestants made it to the finals on season 11 of American Idol?

Hypothesis: On February 23, it was announced that one more finalist would join the Top 24 making it the Top 25, and that was Jermaine Jones.


Premise: What were the generals sent to North Korea collectively called?

Hypothesis: The North Koreans would then launch a "counterattack" that would capture Seoul and encircle and destroy the South Korean army.


Premise: What were the name of outrigger canoes?

Hypothesis: Antonio Pigafetta, one of Magellan's original 18 the name "Island of Sails", but he also writes that the inhabitants "entered the ships and stole whatever they could lay their hands on", including "the small boat that was fastened to the poop of the flagship.":129 "Those people are poor, but ingenious and very thievish, on account of which we called those three islands Islas de los Ladrones


Premise: Who provides hunter education?

Hypothesis: Local hunting clubs and national organizations provide hunter education and help protect the future of the sport by buying land for future hunting use.


Premise: What borough has the largest population of ethnic Albanians?

Hypothesis: Central Asians, primarily Uzbek Americans, are a rapidly growing segment of the city's non-Hispanic white population, enumerating over 30,000, and including over half of all Central Asian immigrants to the United States, most settling in Queens or Brooklyn.


Premise: What's the only monocentric city on the South Coast larger than Southampton?

Hypothesis: The 20–24 age range is the most populous, with an estimated 32,300 people falling in this age range.


Premise: How many episodes did American Idol have each week of the top ten?

Hypothesis: The winner of the season also received a recording contract with Big Machine Records.


Premise: What did Hayek believe to be absent from Latin America?

Hypothesis: In reply, Hayek warned against confusing "totalitarianism with authoritarianism," and said that he was unaware of "any totalitarian governments in Latin America.


Premise: When was the Quito Astronomical Observatory founded?

Hypothesis: One of the oldest observatories in South America is the Quito Astronomical Observatory.


Premise: What do MP3 standards not define?

Hypothesis: A "tag" in an audio file is a section of the file that contains metadata such as the title, artist, album, track number or other information about the file's contents.


Premise: Who celebrated his 50th anniversary?

Hypothesis: The people that gathered there at the tomb were from Bergamo, the province where the late pope came from.


Premise: What general had a lot of confidence in the Republic of Korea's army?

Hypothesis: For his part, Syngman Rhee repeatedly expressed his desire to conquer the North, including when American diplomat John Foster Dulles visited Korea on 18 June.


Premise: September of 2014, Kanye called himself a what during one of his concerts?

Hypothesis: After the success of his song "Jesus Walks" from the album


Premise: What is the name of the company that operates The Sun?

Hypothesis: This means he exercises editorial control on major issues such as which political party to back in a general election or which policy to adopt on Europe.


Premise: How do Presbyterians exhibit their faith?

Hypothesis: It is generally considered that the point of such learning is to enable one to put one's faith into practice; some Presbyterians generally exhibit their faith in action as well as words, by generosity, hospitality, as well as proclaiming the gospel of Christ.


Premise: Name Philidelphia's largest park?

Hypothesis: Philadelphia is home to the United States' first zoo and hospital, as well as Fairmount Park, one of America's oldest and largest urban parks.


Premise: What is a beer-like beverage in China that is made with rice?

Hypothesis: Further east in China are found Huangjiu and Choujiu—traditional rice-based beverages related to beer.


Premise: LEDs are often used for what type of systems?

Hypothesis: Machine vision systems often require bright and homogeneous illumination, so features of interest are easier to process.


Premise: What phrase is used to describe the period marked by competition for extant lands?

Hypothesis: Rivalry in a scramble for empires spread in what is known as The Age of Empire.


Premise: What is pterylae?

Hypothesis: Feathers are epidermal growths attached to the skin and arise only in specific tracts of skin called pterylae.


Premise: According to Stampe what is phonology based on?

Hypothesis: Natural phonology is a theory based on the publications of its proponent David Stampe in 1969 and (more explicitly) in 1979.


Premise: Convicted perpetrators Popovic and Beara were found guilty of genocide despite what evasive action?

Hypothesis: To date, after several plea bargains and some convictions that were successfully challenged on appeal two men, Vujadin Popović and Ljubiša Beara, have been found guilty of committing genocide, Zdravko Tolimir has been found guilty of committing genocide and conspiracy to commit genocide, and two others, Radislav Krstić and Drago Nikolić, have been found guilty of aiding and abetting genocide.


Premise: Who is the current president of Cyprus?

Hypothesis: The Presidential election in 2013 resulted in Democratic Rally candidate Nicos Anastasiades winning 57.48% of the vote.


Premise: What was the job of the person who lived at 327 East 17th Street?

Hypothesis: Time Magazine was started at 141 East 17th Street.


Premise: What could an accomplished tailor or seamstress skillfully render almost invisible?

Hypothesis: When the raw material – cloth – was worth more than labor, it made sense to expend labor in saving it.


Premise: What was Unicode published as?

Hypothesis: Developed in conjunction with the Universal Coded Character Set (UCS) standard and published as The Unicode Standard, the latest version of Unicode contains a repertoire of more than 120,000 characters covering 129 modern and historic scripts, as well as multiple symbol sets.


Premise: What award did Nowhere in Africa win in 2002?

Hypothesis: In 2002 the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film went to Caroline Link's Nowhere in Africa, in 2007 to Florian Henckel von Donnersmarck's The Lives of Others.


Premise: How much did Avicenna pay for the book that helped him understand the Aristotle text?

Hypothesis: Forty times, it is said, he read through the Metaphysics of Aristotle, till the words were imprinted on his memory; but their meaning was hopelessly obscure, until one day they found illumination, from the little commentary by Farabi, which he bought at a bookstall for the small sum of three dirhams.


Premise: How many distinct seasons does Zhejiang have?

Hypothesis: Zhejiang has a humid subtropical climate with four distinct seasons.


Premise: Where does digestion begin?

Hypothesis: Digestion begins in the mouth with the secretion of saliva and its digestive enzymes.


Premise: Where was quantum mechanics developed?

Hypothesis: In a short list of facts about his life he submitted to the National Academy of Sciences, he stated "The part of my work I consider most essential is that on quantum mechanics, which developed in Göttingen in 1926, and subsequently in Berlin in 1927–1929.


Premise: What was the name of the document that standardized Serbo-Croatian?

Hypothesis: Serbo-Croatian was standardized in the mid-19th-century Vienna Literary Agreement by Croatian and Serbian writers and philologists, decades before a Yugoslav state was established.


Premise: By what dentury did Buddhism disappear form much of India?

Hypothesis: Ronald Inden writes that by the 8th century CE symbols of Hindu gods "replaced the Buddha at the imperial centre and pinnacle of the cosmo-political system, the image or symbol of the Hindu god comes to be housed in a monumental temple and given increasingly elaborate imperial-style puja worship".


Premise: Who states that Christian believers agree that Jesus has a unique significance?

Hypothesis: Philosopher Michael Martin, in his book The Case Against Christianity, evaluated three historical Christian creeds (the Apostles' Creed, the Nicene Creed and the Athanasian Creed) to establish a set of basic assumptions which include belief in theism, the historicity of Jesus, the Incarnation, salvation through faith in Jesus, and Jesus as an ethical role model.


Premise: Where is the Palacio Taranco located?

Hypothesis: The palace is often used as a meeting place by the Uruguayan government.


Premise: What sports does Kampong support

Hypothesis: Kampong features fieldhockey, soccer, cricket, tennis, squash and jeu de boules.


Premise: Which processes simply alter the consent given by parties to a previously valid treaty rather than invalidating the consent completely?

Hypothesis: Invalidation is separate from withdrawal, suspension, or termination (addressed above), which all involve an alteration in the consent of the parties of a previously valid treaty rather than the invalidation of that consent in the first place.


Premise: What factors have influenced Estonian food for most of their history?

Hypothesis: Today, it includes many typical international foods.[citation needed]


Premise: Who discovered Hydralazine?

Hypothesis: A major shortcoming of hydralazine monotherapy was that it lost its effectiveness over time (tachyphylaxis).


Premise: What even is tired to the date for Easter?

Hypothesis: Because the spring equinox was tied to the date of Easter, the Roman Catholic Church considered the seasonal drift in the date of Easter undesirable.


Premise: Who played by their own rules till the 1870's?

Hypothesis: The Sheffield FA played by its own rules until the 1870s with the FA absorbing some of its rules until there was little difference between the games.


Premise: What is it called if you mistake a reflection in a mirror for the real thing?

Hypothesis: In other words, it is pure appearance, which may or may not be delusive (e.g. mistaking an image in a mirror for "the real thing").


Premise: When did Patrick Henry School of Science and Arts open its doors?

Hypothesis: Richmond's public school district also runs one of Virginia's four public charter schools, the Patrick Henry School of Science and Arts, which was founded in 2010.


Premise: Toxocariasis is caused by what kind of eggs in dog feces?

Hypothesis: In the United States, about 10,000 cases of Toxocara infection are reported in humans each year, and almost 14% of the U.S. population is infected.


Premise: What controlled the traction?

Hypothesis: A safety system was designed to take effect if the cords broke.


Premise: A name for a group of primitive flatworms is what?

Hypothesis: There are a few types of existing bilaterians that lack a recognizable brain, including echinoderms, tunicates, and acoelomorphs (a group of primitive flatworms).


Premise: Prior to his work in America, where was Joe Pasternak employed?

Hypothesis: The success of the film led Universal to offer her a contract, which for the first five years of her career produced her most successful pictures.


Premise: How many Germans live in Brazil?

Hypothesis: Brazil is the second largest with 5 million people claiming German ancestry.


Premise: Following the unification of Germany, who maintained great authority in international affairs for two decades?

Hypothesis: German conquest of France and the unification of Germany upset the European balance of power, that had existed since the Congress of Vienna in 1815 and Otto von Bismarck maintained great authority in international affairs for two decades.


Premise: How much did 'War of the Worlds' earn?

Hypothesis: Also in 2005, Spielberg directed a modern adaptation of War of the Worlds (a co-production of Paramount and DreamWorks), based on the H. G. Wells book of the same name (Spielberg had been a huge fan of the book and the original 1953 film).


Premise: What are the practices of Buddhism based on?

Hypothesis: Pali: धम्म dhamma) that encompasses a variety of traditions, beliefs and spiritual practices largely based on teachings attributed to Gautama Buddha, commonly known as the Buddha ("the awakened one").


Premise: Who was the pioneer of cenobitism?

Hypothesis: They were the main and sometimes only outposts of education and literacy in a region.


Premise: Laws against what lending practice were addressed by the creation of bills of exchange?

Hypothesis: In the late 13th and early 14th centuries, a process took place – primarily in Italy but partly also in the Empire – that historians have termed a 'commercial revolution'.


Premise: What has been determined about dietry restrictions during pregnancy and when breast feeding?

Hypothesis: Some show promise including: limiting smoke exposure both in utero and after delivery, breastfeeding, and increased exposure to daycare or large families but none are well supported enough to be recommended for this indication.


Premise: When did New York State ban unmarked cars for traffic cops?

Hypothesis: This practice is controversial, with for example, New York State banning this practice in 1996 on the grounds that it endangered motorists who might be pulled over by people impersonating police officers.


Premise: What kind of song is referred to as a bhajan?

Hypothesis: Folk music is a large part of Rajasthani culture.


Premise: Who filed a patent for the field-effect transistor?

Hypothesis: Because the production of high-quality semiconductor materials was still decades away, Lilienfeld's solid-state amplifier ideas would not have found practical use in the 1920s and 1930s, even if such a device had been built.


Premise: Which scientist was in favor of Lamarckism in the 1850s?

Hypothesis: In November 1844, the anonymously published popular science book Vestiges of the Natural History of Creation, written by Scottish journalist Robert Chambers, widened public interest in the concept of transmutation of species.


Premise: What other group in America practiced self-rule and separation of powers?

Hypothesis: Consistent with Calvin's political ideas, Protestants created both the English and the American democracies.


Premise: Which actor portrayed M?

Hypothesis: Rory Kinnear also reprised his role as Bill Tanner in his third appearance in the series.


Premise: Sinhalese buddhist reformer portrayed what Canon as the original version of scripture?

Hypothesis: Theravada ("Doctrine of the Elders", or "Ancient Doctrine") is the oldest surviving Buddhist school.


Premise: How could science discover if there was not a creator?

Hypothesis: Carl Sagan argued that the doctrine of a Creator of the Universe was difficult to prove or disprove and that the only conceivable scientific discovery that could disprove the existence of a Creator would be the discovery that the universe is infinitely old.


Premise: What dynasty conquered southern India and parts of southeast Asia?

Hypothesis: The seventh century also saw the advent of Islam as a political power, though as a fringe, in the western part of the subcontinent, in modern-day Pakistan.


Premise: It has been alleged that Comcast's internet service has done what to customers?

Hypothesis: Comcast has violated net neutrality practices in the past; and, despite Comcast's commitment to a narrow definition of net neutrality, critics advocate a definition of which precludes distinction between Comcast's private network services and the rest of the Internet.


Premise: What type of land taxation system did the East India Company instigate in Bengal?

Hypothesis: The British East India Company extended its control over the whole of Bengal.


Premise: What areas were being explored by others in  by sea faring vessels and when are they believed to have arrived  ?

Hypothesis: The Dorian invasion was followed by a poorly attested period of migrations, appropriately called the Greek Dark Ages, but by 800 BC the landscape of Archaic and Classical Greece was discernible.


Premise: How many restaurants are there in NYC?

Hypothesis: Some 4,000 mobile food vendors licensed by the city, many immigrant-owned, have made Middle Eastern foods such as falafel and kebabs popular examples of modern New York street food.


Premise: The end of Antigonid rule began in what year?

Hypothesis: Macedon's defeat at the Battle of Pydna in 168 BC signalled the end of Antigonid power in Greece.


Premise: What did an analysis of the 13 studies of pain treatment conclude about the effect of real treament versus sham treatments?

Hypothesis: An analysis of the 13 highest quality studies of pain treatment with acupuncture, published in January 2009, concluded there is little difference in the effect of real, sham and no acupuncture.


Premise: Which battle was the largest battle of the American Revolutionary war?

Hypothesis: After the battle, in which the Americans were defeated, leaving subsequent smaller armed engagements following in its wake, the city became the British military and political base of operations in North America.


Premise: How many presidents, excluding interrims, has Northwestern had?

Hypothesis: Northwestern has had sixteen presidents in its history (excluding interim presidents), the current president, Morton O. Schapiro, an economist, having succeeded Henry Bienen whose 14-year tenure ended on August 31, 2009.


Premise: What did SBVT change its name to?

Hypothesis: With the continuing controversy that had surrounded the military service of George W. Bush since the 2000 Presidential election (when he was accused of having used his father's political influence to gain entrance to the Texas Air National Guard, thereby protecting himself from conscription into the United States Army, and possible service in the Vietnam War), John Kerry's contrasting status as a decorated Vietnam War veteran posed a problem for Bush's re-election campaign, which Republicans sought to counter by calling Kerry's war record into question.


Premise: What is another work of Avicenna that is said to not be his creation?

Hypothesis: Similarly the Declaratio is believed not to be actually by Avicenna.


Premise: In what film did Spielberg cover the slave trade?

Hypothesis: His other films include Close Encounters of the Third Kind, the Indiana Jones film series, and A.I. Artificial Intelligence.


Premise: What type of scam is the 419 scam?

Hypothesis: Internationally, Nigeria is infamous for a form of bank fraud dubbed 419, a type of advance fee fraud (named after Section 419 of the Nigerian Penal Code) along with the "Nigerian scam", a form of confidence trick practised by individuals and criminal syndicates.


Premise: What color does the copper salts turn to using Benedict's reagent and Fehling's solution if sugar is present?

Hypothesis: For example, copper salts are used to test for reducing sugars.


Premise: Who did the Indians offer haven to

Hypothesis: Control was necessary according to Secretary of State John Quincy Adams because Florida had become "a derelict open to the occupancy of every enemy, civilized or savage, of the United States, and serving no other earthly purpose than as a post of annoyance to them.".


Premise: The government of India proposed that The Charminar become a UNESCO World Heritage site, what other two monuments were suggested for the same status?

Hypothesis: The Charminar, Qutb Shahi tombs and Golconda fort are considered to be monuments of national importance in India; in 2010 the Indian government proposed that the sites be listed for UNESCO World Heritage status.:11–18


Premise: How many churches does the biggest Protestant denomination have?

Hypothesis: There are not official statistics about Free Apostolic Church of Pentecost, but the Orthodox Church estimates the followers as 20,000.


Premise: For how many seasons was American Idol the most watched show in the US?

Hypothesis: By 2004, it had become the most-watched show in the U.S., a position it then held on for seven consecutive seasons.


Premise: Where were the first isps established?

Hypothesis: In Brookline, Massachusetts, The World became the first commercial ISP in the US.


Premise: Where did the New York times report say towers with guns should go?

Hypothesis: The British recognised the need for anti-aircraft capability a few weeks before World War I broke out; on 8 July 1914, the New York Times reported that the British government had decided to 'dot the coasts of the British Isles with a series of towers, each armed with two quick-firing guns of special design,' while 'a complete circle of towers' was to be built around 'naval installations' and 'at other especially vulnerable points.'


Premise: Who discovered the correlation that congressman who have less local press coverage work less for the people who elected them?

Hypothesis: Snyder and Strömberg found "that a poor fit between newspaper markets and political districts reduces press coverage of politics. ...


Premise: Which three planets have small quadrupole moments compared to Neptune?

Hypothesis: By contrast, Earth, Jupiter and Saturn have only relatively small quadrupole moments, and their fields are less tilted from the polar axis.


Premise: What have scientists learned about angiosperms from DNA sequencing?

Hypothesis: Despite the study of model plants and increasing use of DNA evidence, there is ongoing work and discussion among taxonomists about how best to classify plants into various taxa.


Premise: What caused long lines in most major cities?

Hypothesis: Following the earthquake, donations were made by people from all over mainland China, with booths set up in schools, at banks, and around gas stations.


Premise: In what century were sailors obligated to relocate from Plympton due to silting?

Hypothesis: At the time this village was called Sutton, meaning south town in Old English.


Premise: If not forced why did children work?

Hypothesis: Children who worked at an early age were often not forced; but did so because they needed to help their family survive financially.


Premise: What was viewed by some as enhanced television format and not true HDTV format?

Hypothesis: It also includes the alternative 1440×1152 HDMAC scan format.


Premise: What does the Castro culture's name mean?

Hypothesis: The Castro culture ('Culture of the Castles') developed during the Iron Age, and flourished during the second half of the first millennium BC.


Premise: What stupa is close to the National Museum?

Hypothesis: The National Museum is located in the western part of Kathmandu, near the Swayambhunath stupa in an historical building.


Premise: Media such as a radio and television have started to make their presences felt since what years?

Hypothesis: Other types include cyber anthropology, a relatively new area of internet research, as well as ethnographies of other areas of research which happen to involve media, such as development work, social movements, or health education.


Premise: What percentage of people in 2014 had no religion?

Hypothesis: Islam ranks third in New York City, with official estimates ranging between 600,000 and 1,000,000 observers and including 10% of the city's public schoolchildren, followed by Hinduism, Buddhism, and a variety of other religions, as well as atheism.


Premise: Where are charity organizations registered in England and Wales?

Hypothesis: Other organizations which are classified as nonprofit organizations elsewhere, such as trade unions, are subject to separate regulations, and are not regarded as "charities" in the technical sense.


Premise: Who struck his parents with an arrow?

Hypothesis: The Romans referred to Apollo as Articenens (/ɑːrˈtɪsᵻnənz/ ar-TISS-i-nənz; "bow-carrying").


Premise: What step must RNA-coding genes still go through?

Hypothesis: First, the gene's DNA is transcribed to messenger RNA (mRNA).:6.1 Second, that mRNA is translated to protein.:6.2 RNA-coding genes must still go through the first step, but are not translated into protein.


Premise: What new Portugese Africa's coastal towns were developed during the Scramble for Africa?

Hypothesis: New coastal towns like Beira, Moçâmedes, Lobito, João Belo, Nacala and Porto Amélia were also founded.


Premise: When was Tito brought to Russia as a prisoner of war?

Hypothesis: When Tito was jailed in 1928, she returned to Russia.


Premise: How many people died?

Hypothesis: The 2008 Sichuan earthquake or the Great Sichuan earthquake, measured at 8.0 Ms and 7.9 Mw, and occurred at 02:28:01 PM


Premise: What caused lower classification status for African Americans?

Hypothesis: As slavery became a racial caste, those who were enslaved and others of any African ancestry were classified by what is termed "hypodescent" according to the lower status ethnic group.


Premise: in 1793 what war was the french involded in even without a big  military presences?

Hypothesis: Although these small outposts remained French possessions for the next two hundred years, French ambitions on Indian territories were effectively laid to rest, thus eliminating a major source of economic competition for the company.


Premise: What two things must be considered in regards to the projectile and target?

Hypothesis: This means that projectiles either have to be guided to hit the target, or aimed at the predicted position of the target at the time the projectile reaches it, taking into account speed and direction of both the target and the projectile.


Premise: Laws against what lending practice were addressed by the creation of bills of exchange?

Hypothesis: Among the innovations of the period were new forms of partnership and the issuing of insurance, both of which contributed to reducing the risk of commercial ventures; the bill of exchange and other forms of credit that circumvented the canonical laws for gentiles against usury, and eliminated the dangers of carrying bullion; and new forms of accounting, in particular double-entry bookkeeping, which allowed for better oversight and accuracy.


Premise: China and what other permanent member of the Security Council abstained from the vote on the referral resolution?

Hypothesis: Two permanent members of the Security Council, the United States and China, abstained from the vote on the referral resolution.


Premise: What percent of the Bronx is multiracial?

Hypothesis: People of multiracial heritage number over 41,800 individuals and represent 3.0% of the population.


Premise: What was Comcast's lobbying budget in 2013?

Hypothesis: With $18.8 million spent in 2013, Comcast has the seventh largest lobbying budget of any individual company or organization in the United States.


Premise: How many hectares does the island have in total?

Hypothesis: The island covers an area of 25 square kilometres (2,500 ha).


Premise: What is the chain guided by in a compensation system that uses chains?

Hypothesis: If the compensation system uses chains, the chain is guided by a bar mounted between the counterweight railway lines.


Premise: What area of science did Al-Razi contribute to?

Hypothesis: In mathematics, the Persian mathematician Muhammad ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi gave his name to the concept of the algorithm, while the term algebra is derived from al-jabr, the beginning of the title of one of his publications.


Premise: Since when can most computers boot from USB mass storage devices?

Hypothesis: Though most computers since mid-2004 can boot from USB mass storage devices, USB is not intended as a primary bus for a computer's internal storage.


Premise: What sport did President Wilson enjoy that made him not want to give up DST?

Hypothesis: President Woodrow Wilson, like Willett an avid golfer, vetoed the repeal twice


Premise: Who was Josiah Wedgewood?

Hypothesis: This urbanized social group, sharing a culture of consumption and changing fashion, was the catalyst for the retail revolution.


Premise: What is the practice that includes controlling physical access to hardware?

Hypothesis: Computer security, also known as cybersecurity or IT security, is the protection of information systems from theft or damage to the hardware, the software, and to the information on them, as well as from disruption or misdirection of the services they provide.


Premise: What disease killed the most Lenape?

Hypothesis: The Lenape are a Native American tribe and First Nations band government.


Premise: Who ruled the  Jin dynasty?

Hypothesis: During the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period of China (907–960), while the fractured political realm of China saw no threat in a Tibet which was in just as much political disarray, there was little in the way of Sino-Tibetan relations.


Premise: How long does a wrestler have to get themselves free of the hold?

Hypothesis: If the referee reaches the count of five, and the wrestler still does not break the hold, they are disqualified.


Premise: What happened during the c. 488–444 Ma and early Silurian period?

Hypothesis: Of particular note was the Caledonian Orogeny during the Ordovician Period, c.


Premise: Where were the people gathered at his tomb from?

Hypothesis: The people that gathered there at the tomb were from Bergamo, the province where the late pope came from.


Premise: Both authors valued what over social standing?

Hypothesis: Literary critic Jean Blackall lists the priorities shared by the two authors: "affirmation of order in society, obedience, courtesy, and respect for the individual without regard for status".


Premise: What was the name of the White Rabbits' album?

Hypothesis: Nicki Minaj has stated that seeing Beyoncé's Pepsi commercial influenced her decision to appear in the company's 2012 global campaign.


Premise: What is the name of the university building in Bologna, built in the 14th and 15th centuries?

Hypothesis: Particularly remarkable examples still standing nowadays include the Collegio di Spagna in the University of Bologna, built during the 14th and 15th centuries; the Collegium Carolinum of the University of Prague in Bohemia; the Escuelas mayores of the University of Salamanca in Spain; the chapel of King's College, Cambridge; or the Collegium Maius of the Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Poland.


Premise: The Great Smokey Mountains and the Black Moutains are subranges of what mountains?

Hypothesis: The Black Mountains are the highest in the eastern United States, and culminate in Mount Mitchell at 6,684 feet (2,037 m) the highest point east of the Mississippi River.


Premise: Which four classes made up the ancient -Chamorro society?

Hypothesis: Belief in spirits of ancient Chamorros called "Taotao mo'na" still persists as a remnant of pre-European culture.


Premise: What is Kerry's older sibling's name?

Hypothesis: The children were raised in their father's faith; John Kerry served as an altar boy.


Premise: Who became the new patriarch of the UAOC in 1990?

Hypothesis: On June 5–6, 1990, Metropolitan Mstyslav of the U.S.-based Ukrainian Orthodox Church was elected patriarch of the Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox Church (UAOC) during that Church's first synod.


Premise: What sorts of films did American Movie Classics primarily show?

Hypothesis: AMC had broadened its film content to feature colorized and more recent films by 2002 and abandoned its commercial-free format, leaving TCM as the only movie-oriented cable channel to devote its programming entirely to classic films without commercial interruption.


Premise: Are fungi more like plants or animals?

Hypothesis: Genetic evidence suggests that the true evolutionary relationship of multicelled organisms is as shown in the cladogram below – fungi are more closely related to animals than to plants.


Premise: In 2002 what act granted full British citizenship to the citizens of the islands?

Hypothesis: In 2002, the British Overseas Territories Act 2002 granted full British citizenship to the islanders, and renamed the Dependent Territories (including Saint Helena) the British Overseas Territories.


Premise: Who were a non-Semitic caucasoid people?

Hypothesis: The Sumerian people who settled here farmed the lands in this region that were made fertile by silt deposited by the Tigris and the Euphrates rivers.


Premise: When did Apollo 11 land on the moon?

Hypothesis: The Space Race peaked with the July 20, 1969 US landing of the first humans on the Moon with Apollo 11.


Premise: What school of scientific thought was challenged by Jean Buridan and Nicole Oresme?

Hypothesis: This new approach liberated scientific speculation from the dogmatic restraints of Aristotelian science, and paved the way for new approaches.


Premise: What did the English Dominicans hope to do within the Order?

Hypothesis: The English Dominicans looked for this complete unity as well, but were not so focused on ecstatic experiences.


Premise: What kind of tree was the Bodhi Tree?

Hypothesis: The south branch of the original fig tree available only in Anuradhapura Sri Lanka is known as Jaya Sri Maha Bodhi.


Premise: What does the Marshall Islands government call Wake Island?

Hypothesis: While Wake has been administered by the United States since 1899, the Marshallese government refers to it by the name Enen-kio.


Premise: Currently how much of Egypt's population is connected to sanitary sewers?

Hypothesis: Access to an improved water source in Egypt is now practically universal with a rate of 99%.


Premise: With which Roman God was Portugal associated with?

Hypothesis: Port and Madeira are particularly appreciated in a wide range of places around the world.


Premise: What is the head of each Municipio called?

Hypothesis: " The head of each Municipio is called an alcalde or (if female) alcaldesa.


Premise: Who created the crystalline silicon solar cell?

Hypothesis: A solar cell is a device that converts light directly into electricity using the photoelectric effect.


Premise: What percentage of African Americans have European ancestry?

Hypothesis: For instance, genetic studies of African Americans show an ancestry that is on average 17–18% European.


Premise: What word literally means "warding off evil?"

Hypothesis: To the Romans, he was known in this capacity as Averruncus (/ˌævəˈrʌŋkəs/ AV-ər-RUNG-kəs; from Latin āverruncare, "to avert").


Premise: How many records has she sold with Destiny's Child?

Hypothesis: In 2009, The Observer named her the Artist of the Decade and Billboard named her the Top Female Artist and Top Radio Songs Artist of the Decade.


Premise: When was Constantinople taken over by the Ottoman?

Hypothesis: The University of Constantinople was Christian Europe's first secular institution of higher learning since no theological subjects were taught, and considering the original meaning of the world university as a corporation of students, the world’s first university as well.


Premise: What is the total coverage of the city with roads, in miles?

Hypothesis: The total road coverage density of the city is 112.56 kilometres per hundred square kilometres (181.15 mi/100 sq mi).


Premise: According to Popper, the scientific selection process favors which type of theory?

Hypothesis: For Popper, theories are accepted or rejected via a sort of selection process.


Premise: Do all regions perceive that term "black people" the same?

Hypothesis: Black people is a term used in certain countries, often in socially based systems of racial classification or of ethnicity, to describe persons who are perceived to be dark-skinned compared to other given populations.


Premise: Who wrote about the KGB officer's testimony?

Hypothesis: According to the Kazakh SSR government, there were two deaths during the riots, including a volunteer police worker and a student.


Premise: What other requirement is there for the rope?

Hypothesis: The rope must be coloured, either all or partially and may either be of a uniform diameter or be progressively thicker in the center provided that this thickening is of the same material as the rope.


Premise: What's the impressive budget of the SeaCity Museum?

Hypothesis: The city is home to the longest surviving stretch of medieval walls in England, as well as a number of museums such as Tudor House Museum, reopened on 30 July 2011 after undergoing extensive restoration and improvement; Southampton Maritime Museum; God's House Tower, an archaeology museum about the city's heritage and located in one of the tower walls; the Medieval Merchant's House; and Solent Sky, which focuses on aviation.


Premise: What did Emperor Wu sell that offended the merchants?

Hypothesis: By 110 BC Emperor Wu also interfered with the profitable trade in grain when he eliminated speculation by selling government-stored grain at a lower price than demanded by merchants.


Premise: What type of assistance does the postal union provide?

Hypothesis: The Universal Postal Union is now assisting the Somali Postal Service to develop its capacity, including providing technical assistance and basic mail processing equipment.


Premise: What year was established as the International Day of Human Space Flight by the United Nations?

Hypothesis: " In 2011, it was declared the International Day of Human Space Flight by the United Nations.


Premise: When did hackers get into the Sony Pictures e-mail system?

Hypothesis: Included within these were several memos relating to the production of Spectre, claiming that the film was over budget, detailing early drafts of the script written by John Logan, and expressing Sony's frustration with the project.


Premise: What was Libya's per-capita income in 1951?

Hypothesis: In turn, the Libyans' standard of life greatly improved over the first decade of Gaddafi's administration, and by 1979 the average per-capita income was at $8,170, up from $40 in 1951; this was above the average of many industrialized countries like Italy and the U.K.


Premise: What is a common name to reference the mural created by Millard Sheets at Notre Dame?

Hypothesis: This mural is popularly known as "Touchdown Jesus" because of its proximity to Notre Dame Stadium and Jesus' arms appearing to make the signal for a touchdown.


Premise: When did the tram system stop operating in Southampton?

Hypothesis: There was a tram system from 1879 to 1949.


Premise: Where do you find dialectic vowel reductions?

Hypothesis: The other dialects have different vowel reduction processes (see the section pronunciation of dialects in this article).


Premise: What material was the Red Wing's frame made of?

Hypothesis: Moving to Hammondsport, the group then designed and built the Red Wing, framed in bamboo and covered in red silk and powered by a small air-cooled engine.


Premise: Who did Athanasius succeed?

Hypothesis: Patriarch Athanasius spent over 17 years in five exiles ordered by four different Roman Emperors, not counting approximately six more incidents in which Athanasius fled Alexandria to escape people seeking to take his life.


Premise: What team in the USFL did Jim Foster work for?

Hypothesis: He eventually became executive vice-president with the Chicago Blitz, where he returned to his concept of arena football.


Premise: Whose scholarship on the concept of proof in the Quran does Guessoum cite?

Hypothesis: The astrophysicist Nidhal Guessoum while being highly critical of pseudo-scientific claims made about the Quran, has highlighted the encouragement for sciences that the Quran provides by developing "the concept of knowledge.".


Premise: Which church in Venice is decorated with elaborate golden mosaics?

Hypothesis: The whole interior of the St Mark's Basilica in Venice is clad with elaborate, golden mosaics.


Premise: When was L'Écho des savanes begun?

Hypothesis: Frustration with censorship and editorial interference led to a group of Pilote cartoonists to found the adults-only L'Écho des savanes in 1972.


Premise: How much did the market value of the endowment increase by during the year 2014/2015?

Hypothesis: Unitised Scheme – a unit trust vehicle for College, Faculties and Departments to invest endowments and unfettered income to produce returns for the long term; (ii) Non-Core Property – a portfolio containing around 120 operational and developmental properties which College has determined are not core to the academic mission; and (iii) Strategic Asset Investments – containing College’s shareholding in Imperial Innovations and other restricted equity holdings.


Premise: Several dozen teams can deploy individually in small sections when what is handled by a specialist?

Hypothesis: These batteries, particularly with guns, usually deploy in a small area, although batteries may be split; this is usual for some missile systems.


Premise: Along with the Mangriha, what Licchavi-era building was destroyed in an ancient earthquake?

Hypothesis: There was also a devastating earthquake which claimed the lives of a third of Kathmandu's population, including the king Abhaya Malla.


Premise: Tim Staffell left the band Smile in what year?

Hypothesis: Bulsara felt that he and the band had the same tastes and soon became a keen fan of Smile.


Premise: How much was the second television rights contract awarded to Sky worth?

Hypothesis: The next contract, negotiated to start from the 1997–98 season, rose to £670 million over four seasons.


Premise: Which ally of Germany was most surprised by the signing of the agreement?

Hypothesis: The news was met with utter shock and surprise by government leaders and media worldwide, most of whom were aware only of the British–French–Soviet negotiations that had taken place for months.


Premise: In what are of architecture is neoclassical currently classed?

Hypothesis: The Driehaus Architecture Prize is awarded to major contributors in the field of 21st century traditional or classical architecture, and comes with a prize money twice as high as that of the modernist Pritzker Prize.


Premise: When did Valencia C.F. win the UEFA Cup?

Hypothesis: From the year 2011 there has been a third team in the city, Huracán Valencia, who play their games in Municipal de Manises, in the Segunda División B.


Premise: What Arabic book is Ibn Tufail noted for writing?

Hypothesis: Ibn Tufail wrote the first Arabic novel Hayy ibn Yaqdhan (Philosophus Autodidactus) as a response to Al-Ghazali's The Incoherence of the Philosophers, and then Ibn al-Nafis also wrote a novel Theologus Autodidactus as a response to Ibn Tufail's Philosophus Autodidactus.


Premise: What are the 3 main department store companies in Denmark?

Hypothesis: In Denmark you find three department store chains: Magasin (1868), Illum (1891), Salling (1906).


Premise: How many dictionaries and encyclopedias were published in the decade preceding the French Revolution?

Hypothesis: Encyclopedias and dictionaries also became more popular during the Age of Reason as the number of educated consumers who could afford such texts began to multiply.


Premise: What other types of wave besides light has its own intensity?

Hypothesis: However, the energy account of the photoelectric effect didn't seem to agree with the wave description of light.


Premise: About how many structures were built in Richmond during the downtown boom?

Hypothesis: Between 1963 and 1965, there was a "downtown boom" that led to the construction of more than 700 buildings in the city.


Premise: What part of Europe was split up by the pact?

Hypothesis: An estimated 2 million people joined hands to form a human chain extending 600 kilometres (370 mi) across Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania, which had been forcibly reincorporated into the Soviet Union in 1944.


Premise: What college of Yale is located at Elm and York Streets in New Haven?

Hypothesis: The carts cluster at three main points: by Yale – New Haven Hospital in the center of the Hospital Green (Cedar and York streets), by Yale's Trumbull College (Elm and York streets), and on the intersection of Prospect and Sachem streets by the Yale School of Management.


Premise: What is the basis for this plan?

Hypothesis: The plan is to arrange 19 eastern and central province and municipalitie to help 18 counties, on "one province to one affected county" basis.


Premise: Who was the prime minister of Swaziland in 2004?

Hypothesis: The then Prime Minister Themba Dlamini declared a humanitarian crisis due to the combined effect of drought, land degradation, increased poverty, and HIV/AIDS.


Premise: What languages were recognized as Indo-European?

Hypothesis: Slavic studies began as an almost exclusively linguistic and philological enterprise.


Premise: Who collaborated in the report about BCCI?

Hypothesis: During their investigation of Noriega, Kerry's staff found reason to believe that the Pakistan-based Bank of Credit and Commerce International (BCCI) had facilitated Noriega's drug trafficking and money laundering.