Premise: What company produces American idol?

Hypothesis: American Idol is an American singing competition series created by Simon Fuller and produced by 19 Entertainment, and is distributed by FremantleMedia North America.


Premise: Why do males in polygynous species return before the females?

Hypothesis: This is termed protandry.


Premise: What was the fastest data transfer rate of the USB 1.0?

Hypothesis: The 12 Mbit/s data rate was intended for higher-speed devices such as disk drives, and the lower 1.5 Mbit/s rate for low data rate devices such as joysticks.


Premise: How many African migrants entered Israel by June 2012?

Hypothesis: Over the last decade, large numbers of migrant workers from Romania, Thailand, China, Africa, and South America have settled in Israel.


Premise: What did French law enforcement take from protesters?

Hypothesis: French police were criticised for their handling of the events, and notably for confiscating Tibetan flags from demonstrators.


Premise: When did the 5th Dalai Lama gain political control over Tibet?

Hypothesis: In 1642, the 5th Dalai Lama (1617–1682) became the first to wield effective political control over Tibet.


Premise: What is thought that circadian rhythm evolved to protect?

Hypothesis: What drove circadian rhythms to evolve has been an enigmatic question.


Premise: What traditional culture predominates in many areas of small farms?

Hypothesis: Other areas throughout the year have a recreational culture that caters to tourism, yet the quieter seasons are spring and autumn when there are fewer visitors.


Premise: When did Europe abandon standard transmission?

Hypothesis: After some HDTV transmissions in Europe the standard was abandoned in the mid-1990s.


Premise: As of 2012, how many Jewish people lived in the New York metropolitan area?

Hypothesis: The wider New York City metropolitan area, with over 20 million people, about 50% greater than the second-place Los Angeles metropolitan area in the United States, is also ethnically diverse.


Premise: Along with smooth soul and quiet storm, what genre influenced adult contemporary R&B?

Hypothesis: As the use of drum machines, synthesizers, and sequencers dominates R&B-rooted music, adult contemporary R&B tends to take most of its cues from the more refined strains of 1970s soul, such as smooth soul, Philly soul and quiet storm.


Premise: What cannot launch using a ski-jump due to their high loaded weight?

Hypothesis: Another disadvantage is on mixed flight deck operations where helicopters are also present such as a US Landing Helicopter Dock or Landing Helicopter Assault amphibious assault ship a ski jump is not included as this would eliminate one or more helicopter landing areas, this flat deck limits the loading of Harriers but is somewhat mitigated by the longer rolling start provided by a long flight deck compared to many STOVL carriers.


Premise: Who did the Soviets send to North Korea?

Hypothesis: Soviet generals with extensive combat experience from the Second World War were sent to North Korea as the Soviet Advisory Group.


Premise: Increased size and capacity of the heart and lungs result in what changes to the body?

Hypothesis: These changes lead to increased strength and tolerance for exercise.


Premise: Of what was Sanskrit once thought to be a divider?

Hypothesis: Knowledge of Sanskrit was a marker of social class and educational attainment in ancient India, and the language was taught mainly to members of the higher castes through the close analysis of Vyākaraṇins such as Pāṇini and Patanjali, who exhorted proper Sanskrit at all times, especially during ritual.


Premise: What fuel is used for the torch?

Hypothesis: The Torch is designed in reference to the traditional Chinese concept of the 5 elements that make up the entire universe.


Premise: How many Irish people died during the Great Famine?

Hypothesis: In the next four years over a million Irish people died and another million emigrated in what became known as the Great Famine.


Premise: What type of radiation was Planck studying in the late 19th century?

Hypothesis: The electromagnetic field obeys laws of motion similarly to a mass on a spring, and can come to thermal equilibrium with hot atoms.


Premise: Majority of Egypt people live near what river?

Hypothesis: About half of Egypt's residents live in urban areas, with most spread across the densely populated centres of greater Cairo, Alexandria and other major cities in the Nile Delta.


Premise: What was Southampton's average annual salary in January of 2007?

Hypothesis: This was £1,700 lower than the national average and £3,800 less than the average for the South East.


Premise: In what years was there intermittent war fare?

Hypothesis: Captain Juan de Santiago started a campaign to pacify the island, which was continued by the successive commanders of the Spanish forces.:68–74


Premise: In what year did the liquor industry once again become privatized?

Hypothesis: Liquor was another profitable private industry nationalized by the central government in 98 BC.


Premise: When did the USSR dissolve?

Hypothesis: Though each of the constituent republics had its own official language, the unifying role and superior status was reserved for Russian, although it was declared the official language only in 1990.


Premise: What AFL team did Kurt Warner play for?

Hypothesis: While many sports commentators and fans continued to ridicule the league, Warner's story gave the league positive exposure, and it brought the league a new television deal with TNN, which, unlike ESPN, televised regular season games live.


Premise: Along with León, Portugal, Aragon and Castile, what major Christian kingdom existed in Iberia around 1150?

Hypothesis: In Iberia, the Christian states, which had been confined to the north-western part of the peninsula, began to push back against the Islamic states in the south, a period known as the Reconquista.


Premise: What said that agencies had to start using Moody's and S&P to assess financial institutions?

Hypothesis: Think-tanks such as the World Pensions Council have also argued that European legislators have pushed somewhat dogmatically for the adoption of the Basel II recommendations, adopted in 2005, transposed in European Union law through the Capital Requirements Directive (CRD), effective since 2008.


Premise: In Central Europe, the Slavs intermixed with who?

Hypothesis: In the Western Balkans, South Slavs and Germanic Gepids intermarried with Avar invaders, eventually producing a Slavicized population.[citation needed]


Premise: In the southwest, how high do temperatures get?

Hypothesis: The Southwest and the Great Basin are also affected by the monsoon from the Gulf of California from July to September, which brings localized but often severe thunderstorms to the region.


Premise: What are Japanese comics called?

Hypothesis: It is common in English to refer to the comics of different cultures by the terms used in their original languages, such as manga for Japanese comics, or bandes dessinées for French-language comics.


Premise: What pub was visited by Freddie Mercury?

Hypothesis: The Punch Bowl, Mayfair was at one time jointly owned by Madonna and Guy Ritchie.


Premise: When did the poultry business boom in the United States ?

Hypothesis: In about 1800, chickens began to be kept on a larger scale, and modern high-output poultry farms were present in the United Kingdom from around 1920 and became established in the United States soon after the Second World War.


Premise: Canadian governor generals can give their assent in person or by which other method?

Hypothesis: In Canada, the governor general may give assent either in person at a ceremony held in the Senate or by a written declaration notifying parliament of his or her agreement to the bill.


Premise: In what cases did the US Supreme Court rule that treaties do not have a privileged position over Acts of Congress?

Hypothesis: The Supreme Court ruled in the Head Money Cases that "treaties" do not have a privileged position over Acts of Congress and can be repealed or modified (for the purposes of U.S. law) by any subsequent Act of Congress, just like with any other regular law.


Premise: How would you describe a predator that primarily eats plants?

Hypothesis: Other categories of consumption are herbivory (eating parts of plants), fungivory (eating parts of fungi), and detritivory (the consumption of dead organic material (detritus)).


Premise: What did Shurden claim was never ideal, has often produced positive results?

Hypothesis: Some controversies that have shaped Baptists include the "missions crisis", the "slavery crisis", the "landmark crisis", and the "modernist crisis".


Premise: What's the name of Samoa's capital?

Hypothesis: The Independent State of Samoa ( Samoan: Malo Sa 'oloto Tuto 'atasi o Sāmoa, IPA: [ˌsaːˈmoa]), commonly known as Samoa (Samoan: Sāmoa) and formerly known as Western Samoa, is a Unitary Parliamentary Republic with eleven administrative divisions.


Premise: What is Levante UD's stadium?

Hypothesis: The team's stadium is the Mestalla; its city rival Levante UD also plays in the highest division after gaining promotion in 2010, their stadium is Estadi Ciutat de València.


Premise: What does one need to remember about  the date of February 29 in the Julian calendar?

Hypothesis: Remember to give February the appropriate number of days for the calendar you are converting into.


Premise: What's a common abbreviation for the term institute of technology?

Hypothesis: The term institute of technology is often abbreviated IT and is not to be confused with information technology.


Premise: According to the census of 1921, what percentage of citizens were Mestizo?

Hypothesis: The remaining 0.82% of the population of Chihuahua was considered "other", i.e., neither Mestizo, indigenous, nor white.


Premise: Critics criticize what type of validity of the term 'intellectual property'?

Hypothesis: Many detractors think this term specially serves the doctrinal agenda of parties opposing reform in the public interest or otherwise abusing related legislations; and that it disallows intelligent discussion about specific and often unrelated aspects of copyright, patents, trademarks, etc.


Premise: What palace was the place of creation for illustrated manuscripts?

Hypothesis: In the Ottoman Empire, illuminated and illustrated manuscripts were commissioned by the Sultan or the administrators of the court.


Premise: Which body can remove the Supreme Leader at any time by constitutional right?

Hypothesis: The Assembly elects the Supreme Leader and has the constitutional authority to remove the Supreme Leader from power at any time.


Premise: More than how many thousand folk religious organisations were registered in Zhejiang in 2015?

Hypothesis: Buddhism has an important presence since its arrival in Zhejiang 1,800 years ago.


Premise: Who received the Nobel Prize in Medicine in 1939?

Hypothesis: In 1939, Domagk received the Nobel Prize in Medicine for this discovery.


Premise: Until what century was brain studying mostly anatomical?

Hypothesis: The oldest method of studying the brain is anatomical, and until the middle of the 20th century, much of the progress in neuroscience came from the development of better cell stains and better microscopes.


Premise: Christians were said to be the scapegoat of who?

Hypothesis: The earliest occurrences of the term in non-Christian literature include Josephus, referring to "the tribe of Christians, so named from him;" Pliny the Younger in correspondence with Trajan; and Tacitus, writing near the end of the 1st century.


Premise: Who did Avicenna learn Indian arithmetic from?

Hypothesis: He learned Indian arithmetic from an Indian greengrocer,ءMahmoud Massahi and he began to learn more from a wandering scholar who gained a livelihood by curing the sick and teaching the young.


Premise: Is botany a narrow science?

Hypothesis: Dominant themes in 21st century plant science are molecular genetics and epigenetics, which are the mechanisms and control of gene expression during differentiation of plant cells and tissues.


Premise: How many Oppidan houses are at Eaton?

Hypothesis: To gain an Oppidan Scholarship, a boy must have either three distinctions in a row or four throughout his career.


Premise: What was Victoria's nickname following Alberts death?

Hypothesis: Her seclusion earned her the nickname "widow of Windsor".


Premise: Which moral philosopher said "the greatest happiness for the greatest numbers"?

Hypothesis: Francis Hutcheson, a moral philosopher, described the utilitarian and consequentialist principle that virtue is that which provides, in his words, "the greatest happiness for the greatest numbers".


Premise: How much did she earn in 2014?

Hypothesis: MTV estimated that by the end of 2014, Beyoncé would become the highest-paid black musician in history; she succeeded to do so in April 2014.


Premise: What are some locations of the air bases?

Hypothesis: A Canadian component of the NATO Airborne Early Warning Force is also based at NATO Air Base Geilenkirchen near Geilenkirchen, Germany.


Premise: What was the most notable accomplishment of the Gurjara Pratihara Empire?

Hypothesis: Now there seems little doubt that it was the power of the Gurjara Pratihara army that effectively barred the progress of the Arabs beyond the confines of Sindh, their first conquest for nearly 300 years.


Premise: How many people of Somali ethnicity live in Somalia?

Hypothesis: The overwhelming majority of Somalis speak the Somali language, which is part of the Cushitic branch of the Afro-Asiatic family.


Premise: What has happened to debt external onus  in Swaziland in the past two decades?

Hypothesis: The considerable spending did not lead to more growth and did not benefit the poor.


Premise: What was home to the warlord Yan Baihu?

Hypothesis: Despite the removal of their court from Kuaiji to Jianye (present-day Nanjing), they continued development of the region and benefitted from influxes of refugees fleeing the turmoil in northern China.


Premise: How many grammatical cases can nouns and adjectives be declined into in Czech?

Hypothesis: In Czech, nouns and adjectives are declined into one of seven grammatical cases.


Premise: In what city was the beer pump invented?

Hypothesis: The first beer pump known in England is believed to have been invented by John Lofting (b. Netherlands 1659-d.


Premise: What is this method commonly referred to as?

Hypothesis: The compression works by reducing the accuracy of certain parts of a sound that are considered to be beyond the auditory resolution ability of most people.


Premise: What group is Mali's sole legislative party?

Hypothesis: The assembly holds two regular sessions each year, during which it debates and votes on legislation that has been submitted by a member or by the government.


Premise: What was the Great Divergence?

Hypothesis: To give people more incentives to participate in the market, they reduced the tax burden in comparison with the late Ming, and replaced the corvée system with a head tax used to hire laborers.


Premise: How many countries did her song "Irreplaceable" get number one status in?

Hypothesis: The album's lead single "Déjà Vu", featuring Jay Z, reached the top five on the Billboard Hot 100 chart.


Premise: Where was the World Trade Center?

Hypothesis: It has settled a dispute with Richard Jewell, who was a private security guard at the venue, along with some media organizations, in regard to the leaking of his name during the investigation.


Premise: In terms of international travel, which airport is the world's busiest?

Hypothesis: London Heathrow Airport, in Hillingdon, West London, is the busiest airport in the world for international traffic, and is the major hub of the nation's flag carrier, British Airways.


Premise: What did the rota system do?

Hypothesis: An unconventional power succession system was established (rota system) whereby power was transferred to the eldest member of the ruling dynasty rather than from father to son, i.e. in most cases to the eldest brother of the ruler, fomenting constant hatred and rivalry within the royal family.[citation needed]


Premise: Where are charity organizations registered in England and Wales?

Hypothesis: In England and Wales, charities may be registered with the Charity Commission.


Premise: What two dignitaries where at his first performance in London?

Hypothesis: At his first engagement, on 15 May at Stafford House, the audience included Queen Victoria and Prince Albert.


Premise: How can climate changes be determined from soil?

Hypothesis: Palynology, the analysis of fossil pollen deposits in sediments from thousands or millions of years ago allows the reconstruction of past climates.


Premise: When did season four premiere?

Hypothesis: The age limit was raised to 28 in this season, and among those who benefited from this new rule were Constantine Maroulis and Bo Bice, the two rockers of the show.


Premise: How many people died of cholera in London in 1848?

Hypothesis: London's overcrowded conditions led to cholera epidemics, claiming 14,000 lives in 1848, and 6,000 in 1866.


Premise: Parties to an original treaty and an amended treaty are bound to what terms?

Hypothesis: The re-negotiation of treaty provisions can be long and protracted, and often some parties to the original treaty will not become parties to the amended treaty.


Premise: What has the potential to reduce the transmission bandwidth and storage requirements of audio data?

Hypothesis: These algorithms almost all rely on psychoacoustics to eliminate less audible or meaningful sounds, thereby reducing the space required to store or transmit them.


Premise: What is the process of adapting to the environment and inheriting changes through use or disuse called?

Hypothesis: This process was later called Lamarckism.


Premise: Ancient Greece is considered to be where what was born?

Hypothesis: Greece is home to the first advanced civilizations in Europe and is considered the birthplace of Western civilization,[citation clutter] beginning with the Cycladic civilization on the islands of the Aegean Sea at around 3200 BC, the Minoan civilization in Crete (2700–1500 BC), and then the Mycenaean civilization on the mainland (1900–1100 BC).


Premise: Why did Feynman decide to turn down an offer from the Institute of Advanced Study?

Hypothesis: Despite yet another offer from the Institute for Advanced Study, Feynman rejected the Institute on the grounds that there were no teaching duties: Feynman felt that students were a source of inspiration and teaching was a diversion during uncreative spells.


Premise: What does there medicines do for livestock?

Hypothesis: Their effectiveness and easy access led to overuse, especially in livestock raising, prompting bacteria to develop resistance.


Premise: Where was Nigeria's fourth satellite launched?

Hypothesis: On 24 March 2009, the Nigerian Federal Ministry of Science and Technology, NigComSat Ltd. and CGWIC signed another contract for the in-orbit delivery of the NigComSat-1R satellite.


Premise: Who said Oklahoma's pre-K program is the best in the US?

Hypothesis: The state is among the best in pre-kindergarten education, and the National Institute for Early Education Research rated it first in the United States with regard to standards, quality, and access to pre-kindergarten education in 2004, calling it a model for early childhood schooling.


Premise: Where was the location of the Shahi defeat by the Muslims?

Hypothesis: After the Battle of Peshawar, he committed suicide because his subjects thought he had brought disaster and disgrace to the Shahi dynasty.


Premise: In what year was the office for information for prisoners and refugees founded?

Hypothesis: Montini was several times openly attacked by Benito Mussolini's government as a politician, and meddling in politics, but each time he found powerful defenses by the Vatican.


Premise: What is the standard amount of RAM included with almost all current Mac models?

Hypothesis: The Macintosh is the only mainstream computer platform to have successfully transitioned to a new CPU architecture, and has done so twice.


Premise: Who was the always the Prince of Wales?

Hypothesis: Home Secretary, Herbert Morrison supported the idea, but the King rejected it because he felt such a title belonged solely to the wife of a Prince of Wales and the Prince of Wales had always been the heir apparent.


Premise: What venue drove a lot of the awareness of the music from the now pop post-punk bands?

Hypothesis: In the United States, driven by MTV and modern rock radio stations, a number of post-punk acts had an influence on or became part of the Second British Invasion of "New Music" there.


Premise: What is Oklahoma Cities newsweekly?

Hypothesis: The Oklahoman is Oklahoma City's major daily newspaper and is the most widely circulated in the state.


Premise: What movement were dictionaries and encyclopedias trying to promote?

Hypothesis: The works were part of an Enlightenment movement to systematize knowledge and provide education to a wider audience than the elite.


Premise: "Scythia beyond the Himalayas" is located where?

Hypothesis: To the south is "India on this side of the Ganges" and "India beyond the Ganges."


Premise: Where are the biggest population of Puerto Ricans on the mainland?

Hypothesis: Puerto Ricans are natural-born U.S. citizens, and many Puerto Ricans have migrated to New York City, Orlando, Philadelphia, and other areas of the Eastern United States, increasing the Spanish-speaking populations and in some areas being the majority of the Hispanophone population, especially in Central Florida.


Premise: How is most financial aid obtained at Yale?

Hypothesis: Through its program of need-based financial aid, Yale commits to meet the full demonstrated financial need of all applicants.


Premise: Where was the center of the Crown of Aragon?

Hypothesis: By the 15th century, the city of Valencia had become the sociocultural center of the Crown of Aragon, and Catalan was present all over the Mediterranean world.


Premise: What do the chirigotas sing about?

Hypothesis: The comparsas are the serious counterpart of the chirigota in Cádiz, and the poetic lyrics and the criticism are their main ingredients.


Premise: When was the German Mediatisation?

Hypothesis: Some reordering of the Thuringian states occurred during the German Mediatisation from 1795 to 1814, and the territory was included within the Napoleonic Confederation of the Rhine organized in 1806.


Premise: How many works of a cappella in musical theater have been successful in Off-Broadway productions?

Hypothesis: A cappella has been used as the sole orchestration for original works of musical theater that have had commercial runs Off-Broadway (theaters in New York City with 99 to 500 seats) only four times.


Premise: How big was the model of La Maison Cubiste?

Hypothesis: Spectators at the Salon d'Automne passed through the full-scale 10-by-3-meter plaster model of the ground floor of the facade, designed by Duchamp-Villon.


Premise: What organization subsidizes the cost of water desalination?

Hypothesis: Cost of production and delivery has been estimated at A$6 per m3, with the difference subsidised by the government.


Premise: Which major global reinsurance company has their headquarters east of the city center?

Hypothesis: One major global reinsurance company is Hannover Re, whose headquarters are east of the city centre.


Premise: When was the theory of plant hormones introduced?

Hypothesis: The hypothesis that plant growth and development is coordinated by plant hormones or plant growth regulators first emerged in the late 19th century.


Premise: What is the trick of sliding in and then back out of the ring called?

Hypothesis: This is often referred to by commentators as "breaking the count."


Premise: What do the two standards differ in?

Hypothesis: Unicode is developed in conjunction with the International Organization for Standardization and shares the character repertoire with ISO/IEC 10646: the Universal Character Set.


Premise: Who founded Harvard College?

Hypothesis: For example, the Puritans who established Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1628 founded Harvard College only eight years later.


Premise: What is Doordarshan?

Hypothesis: Doordarshan is the state-owned television broadcaster.


Premise: Between what centuries was the akritic cycle of Greek song created?

Hypothesis: The klephtic cycle came into being between the late Byzantine period and the start of the Greek War of Independence.


Premise: Which abbreviation can you append to your name after becoming Lighting Certified?

Hypothesis: This certification process is one of three national (U.S.) examinations (the others are CLEP and CLMC) in the lighting industry and is open not only to designers, but to lighting equipment manufacturers, electric utility employees, etc.


Premise: When was Kösem murdered?

Hypothesis: The Sultanate of women (1648–1656) was a period in which the mothers of young sultans exercised power on behalf of their sons.


Premise: What is Sarva-darśana-samgraha?

Hypothesis: The materialistic Cārvāka philosophy appears to have died out some time after 1400.


Premise: Which country succesfully launched the first person into space in 1961?

Hypothesis: On April 12, 1961, the USSR surprised the world again by launching Yuri Gagarin into a single orbit around the Earth in a craft they called Vostok 1.


Premise: How many Japanese merchant ships did Allied submarines sink during the war?

Hypothesis: By 1945, sinkings of Japanese vessels had decreased because so few targets dared to venture out on the high seas.


Premise: What were the highest class?

Hypothesis: Members of, Officers of, and Companions to (rather than Commanders of) their respective orders, with both Australia and New Zealand having Knights and Dames as their highest classes.


Premise: What is preserved as an example of medieval architecture?

Hypothesis: Christianity was established in the region by the Romans, and saw the establishment of monasteries and churches in the high regions.


Premise: What town did Beyonce go to school in?

Hypothesis: Beyoncé attended St. Mary's Elementary School in Fredericksburg, Texas, where she enrolled in dance classes.


Premise: What was Abdul Karim teaching Queen Victoria after his promotion?

Hypothesis: He was soon promoted to "Munshi": teaching her Hindustani, and acting as a clerk.


Premise: To be able to do fieldwork, an anthropologist must first travel to what?

Hypothesis: They use many different methods of study, but modern population genetics, participant observation and other techniques often take anthropologists "into the field," which means traveling to a community in its own setting, to do something called "fieldwork."


Premise: How compatible were DBX encoded recordings with prior technologies?

Hypothesis: These were completely incompatible with standard record playback preamplifiers, relying on the dbx compandor encoding/decoding scheme to greatly increase dynamic range (dbx encoded disks were recorded with the dynamic range compressed by a factor of two in dB: quiet sounds were meant to be played back at low gain and loud sounds were meant to be played back at high gain, via automatic gain control in the playback equipment; this reduced the effect of surface noise on quiet passages).


Premise: What was the main benefit of the creation of new forms of partnerships during the commercial revolution?

Hypothesis: In the late 13th and early 14th centuries, a process took place – primarily in Italy but partly also in the Empire – that historians have termed a 'commercial revolution'.


Premise: What language became dominant in Bohemia after the Czech's defeat?

Hypothesis: Czech continued to evolve and gain in regional importance for hundreds of years, and has been a literary language in the Slovak lands since the early fifteenth century.


Premise: Other than Napoleon, who else found the Concordat to be of use?

Hypothesis: Napoleon and the pope both found the Concordat useful.


Premise: What countries did Gladstone think Burke was wise about?

Hypothesis: The Cobdenite Radical Francis Hirst thought Burke deserved "a place among English libertarians, even though of all lovers of liberty and of all reformers he was the most conservative, the least abstract, always anxious to preserve and renovate rather than to innovate.


Premise: What is the population of Miami?

Hypothesis: The 44th-most populated city proper in the United States, with a population of 430,332, it is the principal, central, and most populous city of the Miami metropolitan area, and the second most populous metropolis in the Southeastern United States after Washington, D.C.


Premise: What can the lower lands, suffering from inversion, sometimes lack for weeks?

Hypothesis: The less humid winters in the mountains may see long intervals of stable conditions for weeks, while the lower lands tend to suffer from inversion, during these periods, thus seeing no sun for weeks.


Premise: What resort is in Western Tucson?

Hypothesis: Western Tucson encompasses the banks of the Santa Cruz River and the foothills of the Tucson Mountains, and includes the International Wildlife Museum, Sentinel Peak, and the Marriott Starr Pass Resort & Spa, located in the wealthy enclave known as Starr Pass.


Premise: What committee did von Neumann serve on within the Atomic Energy Commission?

Hypothesis: In 1950, von Neumann became a consultant to the Weapons Systems Evaluation Group (WSEG), whose function was to advise the Joint Chiefs of Staff and the United States Secretary of Defense on the development and use of new technologies.


Premise: In what year was the most recent iPod Touch released?

Hypothesis: The core is over 5 times faster than previous models and is built to be roughly on par with the iPhone 5S. It is available in 5 different colors: Space grey, pink, gold, silver and Product (red).


Premise: What variety is the most common the the United States and the U.K.

Hypothesis: However, things are different in the East.


Premise: In what decade did Arsenal dominate in English football?

Hypothesis: His revolutionary tactics and training, along with the signings of star players such as Alex James and Cliff Bastin, laid the foundations of the club's domination of English football in the 1930s.


Premise: How much of the planet's asphalt is located in Canada?

Hypothesis: The Canadian province of Alberta has most of the world's reserves of natural bitumen, in three huge deposits covering 142,000 square kilometres (55,000 sq mi), an area larger than England or New York state.


Premise: How long since the Sichuan area has had  a severe quake?

Hypothesis: The earthquake was the worst to strike the Sichuan area in over 30 years.


Premise: How much did the United States provide in military assistance?

Hypothesis: The United States has provided $68 billion in military assistance and $32 billion in grants to Israel since 1967, under the Foreign Assistance Act (period beginning 1962), more than any other country for that period until 2003.


Premise: The court cast was rather popular due to which person on the case?

Hypothesis: Sonia Sotomayor in a lower court decision.


Premise: What advantage did light carriers have over escort carriers?

Hypothesis: Escort aircraft carriers, such as USS Bogue, were sometimes purpose-built, but most were converted from merchant ships as a stop-gap measure to provide anti-submarine air support for convoys and amphibious invasions.


Premise: How many public golf courses does Guam currently have?

Hypothesis: It is a relatively short flight from Asia or Australia compared to Hawaii, with hotels and seven public golf courses accommodating over a million tourists per year.


Premise: What is the term for a zero difference between collector and emitter?

Hypothesis: This is called saturation because current is flowing from collector to emitter freely.


Premise: What did Whitehead ask people to reimagine in order for philosophy to make progress?

Hypothesis: While Whitehead acknowledged that "philosophers can never hope finally to formulate these metaphysical first principles," he argued that people need to continually re-imagine their basic assumptions about how the universe works if philosophy and science are to make any real progress, even if that progress remains permanently asymptotic.


Premise: What letter represents the extinction Coefficient?

Hypothesis: The reflectance from the infrared light can also be used to determine the critical dimension, depth, and sidewall angle of high aspect ratio trench structures.


Premise: What can CD parameters be used as references for?

Hypothesis: Compression ratios with this latter reference are higher, which demonstrates the problem with use of the term compression ratio for lossy encoders.


Premise: What was the fixed value of gold?

Hypothesis: Under the Bretton Woods system established after World War II, the value of gold was fixed to $35 per ounce, and the value of the U.S. dollar was thus anchored to the value of gold.


Premise: Which library is dedicated to a former student of the University of Kansas?

Hypothesis: The libraries of the University include the Watson Library, Spencer Research Library, and Anschutz Library, which commemorates the businessman Philip Anschutz, an alumnus of the University.


Premise: What event preceded the domination of Estonia by different European powers?

Hypothesis: The oldest records of written Estonian date from the 13th century.


Premise: The contacts and address book for Smartzone was called what?

Hypothesis: "SmartZone users will be able to send and receive e-mail, listen to their voicemail messages online and forward that information via e-mail to others, send instant messages and video instant messages and merge their contacts into one address book".


Premise: What festival did Kanye headline in 2011?

Hypothesis: In 2012, West released the compilation album Cruel Summer, a collection of tracks by artists from West's record label GOOD Music.


Premise: In what type of architecture did the Cholas excel?

Hypothesis: Monumental architecture in the form of majestic temples and sculpture in stone and bronze reached a finesse never before achieved in India.


Premise: What company is managing Tuvalu's tv domain?

Hypothesis: Internet domain name, which is now managed by Verisign until 2021.


Premise: Which city was the rebellion's capital for most of the struggle?

Hypothesis: In March 1914 Carranza traveled to Ciudad Juárez, which served as rebellion's capital for the remainder of the struggle with Huerta.


Premise: Where did the engineer Tommy Flowers work at during the 1930s?

Hypothesis: In the US, John Vincent Atanasoff and Clifford E. Berry of Iowa State University developed and tested the Atanasoff–Berry Computer (ABC) in 1942, the first "automatic electronic digital computer".


Premise: When did a tribe of Slavs arrive in Central Europe?

Hypothesis: The ninth century brought the state of Great Moravia, whose first ruler (Rastislav of Moravia) invited Byzantine ruler Michael III to send missionaries in an attempt to reduce the influence of East Francia on religious and political life in his country.


Premise: Who portrayed Chopin in the 1928 film, La valse de l'adieu?

Hypothesis: The 1945 biographical film A Song to Remember earned Cornel Wilde an Academy Award nomination as Best Actor for his portrayal of the composer.


Premise: What were the calculations of this myth?

Hypothesis: For this reason, in the 1970s Bruce Voeller, the chair of the National Gay and Lesbian Task Force perpetuated a common myth that the prevalence of homosexuality is 10% for the whole population by averaging a 13% number for men and a 7% number for women.


Premise: White LEDs can be made by coating what?

Hypothesis: This method is less efficient than blue LEDs with YAG:Ce phosphor, as the Stokes shift is larger, so more energy is converted to heat, but yields light with better spectral characteristics, which render color better.


Premise: What are some things that can cause a homosexual person to be with the opposite sex?

Hypothesis: Coming out of the closet to oneself, a spouse of the opposite sex, and children can present challenges that are not faced by gay and lesbian people who are not married to people of the opposite sex or do not have children.


Premise: What development by the Sumerians allowed them to make use of domes?

Hypothesis: They built this by constructing and linking several arches.


Premise: How many satellites were launched from 2009-2011?

Hypothesis: The first satellite of the second-generation system, Compass-M1 was launched in 2007.


Premise: What analogies did Feynman use to teach Carl?

Hypothesis: Feynman had a great deal of success teaching Carl, using, for example, discussions about ants and Martians as a device for gaining perspective on problems and issues.


Premise: What was the name of the Royal Charter?

Hypothesis: For a period of fifteen years the charter awarded the newly formed company a monopoly on trade with all countries east of the Cape of Good Hope and west of the Straits of Magellan.


Premise: What did Knorr commission?

Hypothesis: Knorr commissioned a new translation of the Bible, the New World Translation of the Holy Scriptures, the full version of which was released in 1961.


Premise: What was Darwin originally studying at university?

Hypothesis: Darwin went to Edinburgh University in 1825 to study medicine.


Premise: What are the three main types of autonomy?

Hypothesis: Furthermore, it has been found that adolescents' mental health is best when their feelings about autonomy match closely with those of their parents.


Premise: Who made a secret agreement to remain neutral?

Hypothesis: On 4 August Russian scouts saw a movement which they thought was the start of a withdrawal, the Russians advanced and the Turks attacked first.


Premise: How many smaller stations exist that are not government-run?

Hypothesis: In 2008, the main media were owned by the government, but many more privately run forms of media were being created.


Premise: What is found when a complementary boost is used at the bass turnover point?

Hypothesis: When played back electrically with a magnetic pickup having a smooth response in the bass region, a complementary boost in amplitude at the bass turnover point was necessary.


Premise: When was electric lighting first installed and used in the store?

Hypothesis: In 1877, John Wanamaker opened the United State's first modern department store in a former Pennsylvania Railroad freight terminal in Philadelphia.


Premise: During which century did Matisse work?

Hypothesis: Matisse was also one of the first 20th-century artists to make color the central element of the painting, chosen to evoke emotions.


Premise: IASP's definition of pain includes what aspect as an essential part?

Hypothesis: Indifference to pain can also rarely be present from birth; these people have normal nerves on medical investigations, and find pain unpleasant, but do not avoid repetition of the pain stimulus.


Premise: What were licenses called that allowed spirits to be served at temporary premises?

Hypothesis: Licences were only granted, transferred or renewed at special Licensing Sessions courts, and were limited to respectable individuals.


Premise: Who comprised Tom's jury?

Hypothesis: Scholar Patrick Chura, who suggests Emmett Till was a model for Tom Robinson, enumerates the injustices endured by the fictional Tom that Till also faced.


Premise: How long were cities without electricity in June 2012?

Hypothesis: According to protesters, load shedding was depriving the cities of electricity 20–22 hours a day, causing businesses to go bust and making living extremely hard.


Premise: How many free people of color lived in NC in 1860?

Hypothesis: While slaveholding was slightly less concentrated than in some Southern states, according to the 1860 census, more than 330,000 people, or 33% of the population of 992,622, were enslaved African Americans.


Premise: Who built the first horizontal retort smelter?

Hypothesis: William Champion's brother, John, patented a process in 1758 for calcining zinc sulfide into an oxide usable in the retort process.


Premise: What is most common voltage for DC supply?

Hypothesis: In Slovakia, there are two narrow-gauge lines in the High Tatras (one a cog railway).


Premise: Which of  France's universities was the exception and was hospitable to the Enlightenment?

Hypothesis: In other parts of Europe, the universities and schools of France and most of Europe were bastions of traditionalism and were not hospitable to the Enlightenment.


Premise: What name was given to the telephone that sort of worked?

Hypothesis: This led to the "gallows" sound-powered telephone, which could transmit indistinct, voice-like sounds, but not clear speech.


Premise: Who invented the steam engine?

Hypothesis: Scientific progress during the Enlightenment included the discovery of carbon dioxide (fixed air) by the chemist Joseph Black, the argument for deep time by the geologist James Hutton, and the invention of the steam engine by James Watt.


Premise: what was the name of the Rabbi of Altona?

Hypothesis: As a group of Reform Rabbis convened in Braunschweig, Rabbi Jacob Ettlinger of Altona published a manifesto entitled "Shlomei Emunei Yisrael" in German and Hebrew, having 177 Rabbis sign on.


Premise: What happened to the shawn and the wooden cornet during the Baroque period?

Hypothesis: Keyboard instruments included the clavichord, tangent piano, the fortepiano (an early version of the piano), the harpsichord and the pipe organ.


Premise: Along with romantic and sexual relationships, family and work, what do soft adult contemporary songs sometimes discuss?

Hypothesis: It often deals with modern romantic and sexual relationships (and sometimes other adult themes such as work, raising children, and family) in a thoughtful and complex way.


Premise: Who led the Civil Rights movement?

Hypothesis: During the American Civil Rights movement of the 1950s and 1960s, some African-American leaders in the United States, notably Malcolm X, objected to the word Negro because they associated it with the long history of slavery, segregation, and discrimination that treated African Americans as second-class citizens, or worse.


Premise: Who is the person that established Hyderabad?

Hypothesis: Established in 1591 by Muhammad Quli Qutb Shah, Hyderabad remained under the rule of the Qutb Shahi dynasty for nearly a century before the Mughals captured the region.


Premise: Jesus is considered to be the only what between God and humanity?

Hypothesis: Jehovah's Witnesses believe that Jesus is God's only direct creation, that everything else was created by means of Christ, and that the initial unassisted act of creation uniquely identifies Jesus as God's "only-begotten Son".


Premise: What Greek telecommunications company has become a strong investor in former Yugoslavia?

Hypothesis: The Greek telecommunications company OTE has become a strong investor in former Yugoslavia and in other Balkan countries.


Premise: Who had swamps and forests for their cities?

Hypothesis: Another 6th-century source refers to them living among nearly impenetrable forests, rivers, lakes, and marshes.


Premise: What is the name of the shipping company in Hawaii that connects Guam?

Hypothesis: The Commercial Port of Guam is the island's lifeline because most products must be shipped into Guam for consumers.


Premise: Where does digestion begin?

Hypothesis: In the small intestine, the larger part of digestion takes place and this is helped by the secretions of bile, pancreatic juice and intestinal juice.


Premise: How many parachute mines were dropped?

Hypothesis: Pathfinders" from 12 Kampfgruppe 100 (Bomb Group 100 or KGr 100) led 437 bombers from KG 1, KG 3, KG 26, KG 27, KG 55 and Lehrgeschwader 1 (1st Training Wing, or LG 1) which dropped 394 short tons (357 t) of high explosive, 56 short tons (51 t) of incendiaries, and 127 parachute mines.


Premise: Can a homosexual person hide their true idenitys?

Hypothesis: While some LGBT people hide their respective orientations from their spouses, others develop positive gay and lesbian identities while maintaining successful heterosexual marriages.


Premise: The Fund is represented by a Patron and who else?

Hypothesis: The Fund is also represented by UNFPA Goodwill Ambassadors and a Patron.


Premise: What was the October War?

Hypothesis: it presented Sadat with a victory that allowed him to regain the Sinai later in return for peace with Israel.


Premise: How long had Atlantic City held a monopoly on casino gambling?

Hypothesis: In the wake of the closures and declining revenue from casinos, Governor Christie said in September 2014 that the state would consider a 2015 referendum to end the 40-year-old monopoly that Atlantic City holds on casino gambling and allowing gambling in other municipalities.


Premise: How many of the Middlie Iranian tongues have remained in existence since ancient time?

Hypothesis: Of that variety of languages/dialects, direct evidence of only two have survived.


Premise: In what year did the Liverpool city council reject Everton FC's new stadium proposal?

Hypothesis: This was unsuccessful as Everton failed to generate the £30 million needed for a half stake in the stadium project, with the city council rejecting the proposal in 2003.


Premise: What type of cheese is the county famous for

Hypothesis: There are show caves open to visitors in the Cheddar Gorge, as well as its locally produced cheese, although there is now only one remaining cheese maker in the village of Cheddar.


Premise: What are some of the most common agents?

Hypothesis: A few hundred different agents have been implicated with the most common being: isocyanates, grain and wood dust, colophony, soldering flux, latex, animals, and aldehydes.


Premise: In 2010, Marvel switched to what distributor for bookstore comic book sales?

Hypothesis: As of 2008, Marvel and its major, longtime competitor DC Comics shared over 80% of the American comic-book market.


Premise: On what date was the first self-sustained nuclear chain reaction created artificially?

Hypothesis: Working in a lab below the stands of Stagg Field at the University of Chicago, the team created the conditions needed for such a reaction by piling together 400 short tons (360 metric tons) of graphite, 58 short tons (53 metric tons) of uranium oxide, and six short tons (5.5 metric tons) of uranium metal, a majority of which was supplied by Westinghouse Lamp Plant in a makeshift production process.


Premise: If more bandwith is required than is available, a very high resolution source my not be able to transmitted without loss of what?

Hypothesis: The lossy compression that is used in all digital HDTV storage and transmission systems will distort the received picture, when compared to the uncompressed source.


Premise: Who gave information on the gem industries in Burma ?

Hypothesis: Many US and European jewellery companies, including Bulgari, Tiffany, and Cartier, refuse to import these stones based on reports of deplorable working conditions in the mines.


Premise: What year was the deadly bubonic plague in Strasbourg?

Hypothesis: Until the end of the 18th century, Jews were forbidden to remain in town after 10 pm.


Premise: How many counties did New York originally have?

Hypothesis: In 1846, a new town, West Farms, was created by division of Westchester; in turn, in 1855, the town of Morrisania was created from West Farms.


Premise: What is a common offensive move to break a pin attack?

Hypothesis: However, although almost any scenario where one wrestler is covering another prone, back-first wrestler can be considered a pin attempt, there is one important exception to that rule: Pin attempts broken up by other wrestlers.


Premise: What was the bishop of Utrecht raised to

Hypothesis: This ended the prince-bishopric Utrecht, as the secular rule was now the lordship of Utrecht, with the religious power remaining with the bishop, although Charles V had gained the right to appoint new bishops.


Premise: What is the second biggest centre for the U.N.?

Hypothesis: Even though Switzerland is one of the most recent countries to have joined the United Nations, the Palace of Nations in Geneva is the second biggest centre for the United Nations after New York, and Switzerland was a founding member and home to the League of Nations.


Premise: Name one child from the union of Tony and Joan?

Hypothesis: At this point, Madonna started to resent him for decades, and developed a rebellious attitude.


Premise: After whose death in 1907 was the "Bosnian" name changed to "Serbo-Creation"?

Hypothesis: The common phrase describing this situation was that Serbo-Croatian or "Croatian or Serbian" was a single language.


Premise: What does the Air Force provide for officers of direct to non-line positions?

Hypothesis: Originally viewed as a "knife and fork school" that covered little beyond basic wear of the uniform, COT in recent years has been fully integrated into the OTS program and today encompasses extensive coursework as well as field exercises in leadership, confidence, fitness, and deployed-environment operations.


Premise: What is the total of school children killed?

Hypothesis: The official tally of students killed in the earthquake was not released until May 7, 2009, almost a year after the earthquake.


Premise: What is the main source of interspersed repeats?

Hypothesis: It is believed that TEs are an important driving force on genome evolution of higher eukaryotes.


Premise: What was the functionality called that gave users the ability to save a snapshot of a site?

Hypothesis: This became a threat of abuse by the service for hosting malicious binaries.


Premise: What company provided New Haven with the fuel cells currently in place throughout the city?

Hypothesis: There are three PureCell Model 400 fuel cells placed in the city of New Haven—one at the New Haven Public Schools and newly constructed Roberto Clemente School, one at the mixed-use 360 State Street building, and one at City Hall.


Premise: How many students were executed in January of 1977?

Hypothesis: In 1976, student demonstrations broke out in Tripoli and Benghazi, and were attacked by police and Gaddafist students.


Premise: Which Soviet Foreign Minister lost his job because of his favorable attitude towards the west?

Hypothesis: In May, Stalin replaced his Foreign Minister Maxim Litvinov, who was regarded as pro-western and who was also Jewish, with Vyacheslav Molotov, allowing the Soviet Union more latitude in discussions with more parties, not only with Britain and France.


Premise: What odds were at stake for the attack launched by the III Corps?

Hypothesis: Despite odds of four to one, the III Corps launched a risky attack.


Premise: What dynasty consisted of descendants of Charles Martel?

Hypothesis: Pippin's takeover was reinforced with propaganda that portrayed the Merovingians as inept or cruel rulers, exalted the accomplishments of Charles Martel, and circulated stories of the family's great piety.


Premise: How many students attended Eton free of charge in 2014?

Hypothesis: Launched in 1982, the Universities Summer School is an intensive residential course open to boys and girls throughout the UK who attend state schools, are at the end of their first year in the Sixth Form, and are about to begin their final year of schooling.


Premise: The soviets suspected that Nazi-Soviet conflicts would result in what?

Hypothesis: Hitler's fierce anti-Soviet rhetoric was one of the reasons why the UK and France decided that Soviet participation in the 1938 Munich Conference regarding Czechoslovakia would be both dangerous and useless.


Premise: Where was the Armenian Mosaic found in Jerusalem?

Hypothesis: The most important is the so-called "Armenian Mosaic" which was discovered in 1894 on the Street of the Prophets near Damascus Gate.


Premise: How did the 187 Airborne Regimental Combat Team prevent North Korean leaders from fleeing?

Hypothesis: The missions of the 187th were to cut the road north going to China, preventing North Korean leaders from escaping from Pyongyang; and to rescue American prisoners of war.


Premise: When was the Triangle created?

Hypothesis: The "Triangle" nickname originated after the 1959 creation of the Research Triangle Park, located in Durham & Wake Counties partway between the three cities and their universities.


Premise: What time period was marked by the spreading of Islam?

Hypothesis: In the Middle East, Greek philosophy was able to find some support under the newly created Arab Empire.


Premise: The quality of a partial vacuum refers to what?

Hypothesis: The quality of a partial vacuum refers to how closely it approaches a perfect vacuum.


Premise: What does the term used by Physicists, partial vacuum, refer to?

Hypothesis: Physicists often discuss ideal test results that would occur in a perfect vacuum, which they sometimes simply call "vacuum" or free space, and use the term partial vacuum to refer to an actual imperfect vacuum as one might have in a laboratory or in space.


Premise: In addition to criticism received for employing non-Muslims, for what notable reason did some Muslims criticize the Umayyads?

Hypothesis: Later the Umayyads were criticized by some Muslims for not reducing the taxes of the people who converted to Islam.


Premise: Ai-Khanoum was situated on what kind of routes?

Hypothesis: The language of Philip II's and Alexander's court and army (which was made up of various Greek and non-Greek speaking peoples) was a version of Attic Greek, and over time this language developed into Koine, the lingua franca of the successor states.


Premise: How is the evacuation tube sealed?

Hypothesis: The air is pumped out of the bulb, and the evacuation tube in the stem press is sealed by a flame.


Premise: When was the photoelectric effect first observed?

Hypothesis: The photoelectric effect is the emission of electrons (called "photoelectrons") from a surface when light is shone on it.


Premise: Who approved the improvement project for the Houston ship channel?

Hypothesis: In 1902, President Theodore Roosevelt approved a $1 million improvement project for the Houston Ship Channel.


Premise: Along with Buddhism, what religion has had a significant influence on Nepal?

Hypothesis: Nepal's art and architecture is an amalgamation of two ancient religions, Hinduism and Buddhhism.


Premise: In what century was it believed that the UK used the word varsity to refer to a university?

Hypothesis: Colloquially, the term university may be used to describe a phase in one's life: "When I was at university..." (in the United States and Ireland, college is often used instead: "When I was in college...").


Premise: What did Germany add to the 20 mm to make it more effective?

Hypothesis: Nevertheless, while 20 mm was better than a machine gun and mounted on a very small trailer made it easy to move, its effectiveness was limited.


Premise: What hotel is adjacent to the Atlantic City Convention Center?

Hypothesis: The Atlantic City Convention Center includes 500,000 sq ft (46,000 m2) of showroom space, 5 exhibit halls, 45 meeting rooms with 109,000 sq ft (10,100 m2) of space, a garage with 1,400 parking spaces, and an adjacent Sheraton hotel.


Premise: In what year did Francesco Mario Pagano publish Saggi Politici?

Hypothesis: Cesare Beccaria, a jurist and one of the great Enlightenment writers, became famous for his masterpiece Of Crimes and Punishments (1764), which was later translated into 22 languages.


Premise: With what feature of environment do plants need to be in sync?

Hypothesis: Circadian rhythms occur as a plant entrains to synchronize with the light cycle of its surrounding environment.


Premise: What day of the week was September 15, 2011?

Hypothesis: On Thursday, September 15, 2011, more than 500 people from Hongxiao Village protested over the large-scale death of fish in a nearby river.


Premise: Where is the East end of East 3rd, 4th, 5th, and 7th Streets?

Hypothesis: East 2nd Street begins just North of East Houston Street at Avenue C and also continues to Bowery.


Premise: What was the value of Apple's cash assets at the end of 2007?

Hypothesis: Apple ended the fiscal year 2007 with US$15.4 billion in cash and no debt.


Premise: What happens as the scope of economically viable applications increases?

Hypothesis: Renewable technologies are now often the most economic solution for new generating capacity.


Premise: What were computer viruses seen as a threat to?

Hypothesis: Computer Investigations and Infrastructure Threat Assessment Center (CITAC) and the National Infrastructure Protection Center (NIPC) were created to deal with the increase in Internet-related problems, such as computer viruses, worms, and other malicious programs that threatened US operations.


Premise: The Block III Ranger 7 mission successfully reached the moon on what date?

Hypothesis: Block III Ranger 7 which impacted on July 31, 1964.


Premise: What color is the logo on the 60 GB PS3?

Hypothesis: The initial prototype shown in May 2005 featured two HDMI ports, three Ethernet ports and six USB ports; however, when the system was shown again a year later at E3 2006, these were reduced to one HDMI port, one Ethernet port and four USB ports, presumably to cut costs.


Premise: The Civil War had many effects after the war, what was the main effect for New Haven?

Hypothesis: After the war, population grew and doubled by the start of the 20th century, most notably due to the influx of immigrants from southern Europe, particularly Italy.


Premise: Who is United Nations' Secretary-General?

Hypothesis: United Nations' Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon has said that "renewable energy has the ability to lift the poorest nations to new levels of prosperity".


Premise: What is the source used to exact nicotine sulfate?

Hypothesis: The Rig Veda, which is about 4,000 years old, mentions the use of poisonous plants for pest control.


Premise: What is the Omnipotence paradox?

Hypothesis: According to the Omnipotence paradox or 'Paradox of the Stone', can God create a stone so heavy that he cannot lift it?


Premise: How did the Ashkenazim view north African Sepharadim and Berber Jews?

Hypothesis: This has led to protest movements such as the Israeli Black Panthers led by Saadia Marciano a Moroccan Jew.


Premise: What was the name of the federalist army officer who eventually came into power during the new election?

Hypothesis: In September 1835 José Urrea a federalist army officer came into power.


Premise: What was Comcast's profit margin in 2009?

Hypothesis: Comcast reported first quarter 2012 profit increases of 30% due to increase in high-speed internet customers.


Premise: Why is the Pekin duck the favored of the western world?

Hypothesis: The most common commercial breed in the United Kingdom and the United States is the Pekin duck, which can lay 200 eggs a year and can reach a weight of 3.5 kg (7.7 lb) in 44 days.


Premise: What Saint did Paul VI denote as mother of the Catholic church?

Hypothesis: Paul VI opened the third period on 14 September 1964, telling the Council Fathers that he viewed the text about the Church as the most important document to come out from the Council.


Premise: What is the coding called that is used with speech?

Hypothesis: These coders use a model of the sound's generator (such as the human vocal tract with LPC) to whiten the audio signal (i.e., flatten its spectrum) before quantization.


Premise: What did the highland peasants resist attempts at?

Hypothesis: While the National Revolutionary Movement government begun in 1952 discouraged self-identification as indigenous (reclassifying rural people as campesinos, or peasants), renewed ethnic and class militancy re-emerged in the Katarista movement beginning in the 1970s.


Premise: What royal symbol appears on the club's crest?

Hypothesis: Comamala's suggestion became the crest that the club wears today, with some minor variations.


Premise: What publisher prints The Times atlas?

Hypothesis: They are currently produced by the Collins Bartholomew imprint of HarperCollins Publishers.


Premise: When was the last senate election in St. Barts?

Hypothesis: One senator represents the island in the French Senate.


Premise: What ingredient makes glass colorful?

Hypothesis: Although brittle, silicate glass is extremely durable, and many examples of glass fragments exist from early glass-making cultures.


Premise: How many hamaynkner does Armenia have?

Hypothesis: As of 2007[update], Armenia includes 915 communities, of which 49 are considered urban and 866 are considered rural.


Premise: Who was the area developer?

Hypothesis: The Midtown Raleigh Alliance was founded on July 25, 2011 as a way for community leaders to promote the area.


Premise: What does Telewizja Polska operate?

Hypothesis: Telewizja Polska is the provider of TVP Polonia and EchoStar operates the Dish Network.


Premise: What percentage of the Earth's stock forest is commercial?

Hypothesis: The Earth contains about 434 billion cubic meters of growing stock forest, 47% of which is commercial.


Premise: How many colleges make up BYU at its main campus?

Hypothesis: The university is broadly organized into 11 colleges or schools at its main Provo campus, with certain colleges and divisions defining their own admission standards.


Premise: Name the 3 public radio stations?

Hypothesis: The first commercial broadcasting radio stations appeared in 1922: first WIP, then owned by Gimbel's department store, on March 17, followed the same year by WFIL, WOO, WCAU and WDAS.


Premise: How many students are studying at the University of Plymouth?

Hypothesis: The university formed a joint venture with the fellow Devonian University of Exeter in 2000, establishing the Peninsula College of Medicine and Dentistry.


Premise: On which date did hostilities between the German and French troops begin near Orleans?

Hypothesis: At first, the Germans were victorious but the French drew reinforcements and defeated the Germans at the Battle of Coulmiers on 9 November.


Premise: With what victory did Napoleon dissolve the Fifth Coalition against France?

Hypothesis: Fighting also erupted in Central Europe, as the Austrians launched another attack against the French in 1809.


Premise: The average rainfall level of somerset

Hypothesis: Average rainfall is around 700 mm (28 in).


Premise: What are some bands that Wi-Fi can operate over?

Hypothesis: A wireless Internet service provider (WISP) is an Internet service provider with a network based on wireless networking.


Premise: In what year did Liebman announce his findings?

Hypothesis: James Liebman, a professor of law at Columbia Law School, stated in 1996 that his study found that when habeas corpus petitions in death penalty cases were traced from conviction to completion of the case that there was "a 40 percent success rate in all capital cases from 1978 to 1995.


Premise: Which tablet had Pythagorean triplets on it?

Hypothesis: an abstract formulation of the Pythagorean theorem was not.


Premise: What was the population of Tuscon in 1940?

Hypothesis: In 2006 the population of Pima County, in which Tucson is located, passed one million while the City of Tucson's population was 535,000.


Premise: in 1720 what % of  import goods were from India?

Hypothesis: In 1712, another act renewed the status of the company, though the debts were repaid.


Premise: States can grant their people broader rights than those granted in what document?

Hypothesis: Thus, most U.S. law (especially the actual "living law" of contract, tort, property, criminal, and family law experienced by the majority of citizens on a day-to-day basis) consists primarily of state law, which can and does vary greatly from one state to the next.


Premise: Who makes a choice after the team that wins the coin toss has made their decision?

Hypothesis: The captain of the team winning the coin toss is given the option of having first choice, or of deferring first choice to the other captain.


Premise: What are parties to a treaty forbidden to do after they have already joined a treaty?

Hypothesis: Reservations are essentially caveats to a state's acceptance of a treaty.


Premise: What are some of the components of the reserve force?

Hypothesis: This group is represented, though not commanded, at NDHQ by the Chief of Reserves and Cadets, who is usually a major general or rear admiral, and is divided into four components that are each operationally and administratively responsible to its corresponding environmental command in the Regular Force – the Naval Reserve (NAVRES), Land Force Reserve (LFR), and Air Reserve (AIRRES) – in addition to one force that does not fall under an environmental command, the Health Services Reserve under the Canadian Forces Health Services Group.


Premise: What three reasons were mentioned for countries being excluded?

Hypothesis: Some countries were not included for various reasons, such as being a non-UN member or unable or unwilling to provide the necessary data at the time of publication.


Premise: What even was recorded in the Guinness World Records?

Hypothesis: In August, the couple attended the 2011 MTV Video Music Awards, at which Beyoncé performed "Love on Top" and started the performance saying "Tonight I want you to stand up on your feet, I want you to feel the love that's growing inside of me".


Premise: How did Hadik respond to the Frederick force?

Hypothesis: When Frederick heard about this humiliating occupation, he immediately sent a larger force to free the city.


Premise: What did people in the crowd wave at the beginning of the relay?

Hypothesis: A crowd of thousands waving pink paper flowers and small flags with the Beijing Olympics logo were organized by the authoritarian regime watched the beginning of the relay in Pyongyang, some waving Chinese flags.


Premise: When did the ACLU first challenge the Patriot Act?

Hypothesis: On 30 July 2003, the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) filed the first legal challenge against Section 215 of the Patriot Act, claiming that it allows the FBI to violate a citizen's First Amendment rights, Fourth Amendment rights, and right to due process, by granting the government the right to search a person's business, bookstore, and library records in a terrorist investigation, without disclosing to the individual that records were being searched.


Premise: What is the nickname given to A.C. Milan?

Hypothesis: A red penalty card is issued to a player who commits a serious infraction: the player is immediately disqualified from further play and his team must continue with one less player for the game's duration.


Premise: Other than Florida, which other state got send error coins?

Hypothesis: Early releases of the Washington coin included error coins shipped primarily from the Philadelphia mint to Florida and Tennessee banks.


Premise: What is the national currency of Armenia?

Hypothesis: Like other newly independent states of the former Soviet Union, Armenia's economy suffers from the breakdown of former Soviet trading patterns.


Premise: What is another magazine that is published in Oklahoma City?

Hypothesis: An upscale lifestyle publication called Slice Magazine is circulated throughout the metropolitan area.


Premise: Easy listening was predominately what type of music?

Hypothesis: Another big impetus for the evolution of the AC radio format was the popularity of easy listening or "beautiful music" stations, stations with music specifically designed to be purely ambient.


Premise: In what year did Richard Francis Burton break away from the Ethnological Society of London?

Hypothesis: In 1863 the explorer Richard Francis Burton and the speech therapist James Hunt broke away from the Ethnological Society of London to form the Anthropological Society of London, which henceforward would follow the path of the new anthropology rather than just ethnology.


Premise: When did the Meija restoration begin?

Hypothesis: In Japan, the Meiji Restoration started in the 1860s, marking the rapid modernization by the Japanese themselves along European lines.


Premise: What country is Ulcinj in?

Hypothesis: As a consequence of the slave trade and privateer activity, it is told how until 1878 in Ulcinj 100 black people lived.


Premise: Along with CCI, what is the other Hindu gathering place near Richmond?

Hypothesis: The two most familiar are the Cultural Center of India (CCI) located off of Iron Bridge Road in Chesterfield County and the Hindu Center of Virginia in Henrico County which has garnered national fame and awards for being the first LEED certified religious facility in the commonwealth.


Premise: When did Rutherford introduce the new name for the Society?

Hypothesis: On July 26, 1931, at a convention in Columbus, Ohio, Rutherford introduced the new name—Jehovah's witnesses—based on Isaiah 43:10: "Ye are my witnesses, saith Jehovah, and my servant whom I have chosen"—which was adopted by resolution.


Premise: During which process are unnecessary neuronal connections in the brain eliminated?

Hypothesis: Through a process called synaptic pruning, unnecessary neuronal connections in the brain are eliminated and the amount of grey matter is pared down.


Premise: Why would ingesting untreated cassava be a bad idea?

Hypothesis: Eventually, a Taíno Cacique named Enriquillo managed to hold out in the Baoruco Mountain Range for thirteen years, causing serious damage to the Spanish, Carib-held plantations and their Indian auxiliaries.


Premise: What would you call a beer that has not been filtered or pasteurized?

Hypothesis: At this point the beer is ready to sell, either being pulled through a beer line with a hand pump, or simply being "gravity-fed" directly into the glass.


Premise: What city is home to The Crown Liquor Saloon?

Hypothesis: The National Trust owns thirty-six public houses of historic interest including the George Inn, Southwark, London and The Crown Liquor Saloon, Belfast, Northern Ireland.


Premise: What is the name of Portugal's national energy transmission company?

Hypothesis: Portugal’s distribution system is also now a two-way street.


Premise: What was the effect of the Rotavirus vaccine?

Hypothesis: Similarly, a Cholera vaccine showed a strong reduction in morbidity and mortality, though the overall impact of vaccination was minimal as Cholera is not one of the major causative pathogens of diarrheal disease.


Premise: How much money was spent on non-military intelligence in 2013?

Hypothesis: The government has disclosed a total figure for all non-military intelligence spending since 2007; the fiscal 2013 figure is $52.6 billion.


Premise: According to Locke, an absolute ruler is proposed by Hobbes is what?

Hypothesis: According to Locke, an absolute ruler as proposed by Hobbes is unnecessary, for natural law is based on reason and seeking peace and survival for man.


Premise: Which street runs from FDR Drive to Eleventh Avenue?

Hypothesis: Notable locations include East River Ferry, LaptopMD headquarters, Mercy College Manhattan Campus, and Jacob K. Javits Convention Center.


Premise: What does VLW stand for?

Hypothesis: Targets included the AFA (Stöcken), the Deurag-Nerag refinery (Misburg), the Continental plants (Vahrenwald and Limmer), the United light metal works (VLW) in Ricklingen and Laatzen (today Hanover fairground), the Hanover/Limmer rubber reclamation plant, the Hanomag factory (Linden) and the tank factory M.N.H. Maschinenfabrik Niedersachsen (Badenstedt).


Premise: Which traders came to the archipelago for trade?

Hypothesis: Both Hinduism and Buddhism were well established in the Malay Peninsula by the beginning of the 1st century CE, and from there spread across the archipelago.


Premise: What is the largest data capacity for an iPod product?

Hypothesis: Storage capacity varies by model, ranging from 2 GB for the iPod Shuffle to 128 GB for the iPod Touch (previously 160 GB for the iPod Classic, which is now discontinued).


Premise: The peace agreement was renamed what?

Hypothesis: Langton's efforts at mediation created a charter capturing the proposed peace agreement; it was later renamed Magna Carta, or "Great Charter".


Premise: What did the Romans build along the mountain passes?

Hypothesis: This was one of the most celebrated achievements of any military force in ancient warfare, although no evidence exists of the actual crossing or the place of crossing.


Premise: When Catalan reach Sardinia?

Hypothesis: The language also reached Murcia, which became Spanish-speaking in the 15th century.


Premise: How many regiments were in the Northern Army?

Hypothesis: Led by Colonels (Xiaowei 校尉), the Northern Army consisted of five regiments, each composed of several thousand soldiers.


Premise: What is Tucson's NBC station?

Hypothesis: The major television networks serving Tucson are: KVOA 4 (NBC), KGUN 9 (ABC), KMSB-TV 11 (Fox), KOLD-TV 13 (CBS), KTTU 18 (My Network TV) and KWBA 58 (The CW).


Premise: What does every component state of federation possess?

Hypothesis: Where every component state of a federation possesses the same powers, we are said to find 'symmetric federalism'.


Premise: What century had comics in wide production?

Hypothesis: Cartoons appeared widely in newspapers and magazines from the 19th century.


Premise: What physical characteristics are common in Islamic architecture?

Hypothesis: Other features employed as motifs include columns, piers and arches, organized and interwoven with alternating sequences of niches and colonnettes.


Premise: Why aren't some sound clusters used in modern Czech?

Hypothesis: It also contained a number of sound clusters which no longer exist; allowing ě (/jɛ/) after soft consonants, which has since shifted to e (/ɛ/), and allowing complex consonant clusters to be pronounced all at once rather than syllabically.


Premise: which crops were brought to europe from the Muslim World?

Hypothesis: Crops such as almonds and citrus fruit were brought to Europe through al-Andalus, and sugar cultivation was gradually adopted by the Europeans.


Premise: What is the name of the lifestyle magazine?

Hypothesis: An upscale lifestyle publication called Slice Magazine is circulated throughout the metropolitan area.


Premise: What percentage of Devon's GVA does Plymouth comprise in 2013?

Hypothesis: Plymouth's gross value added (a measure of the size of its economy) was 5,169 million GBP in 2013 making up 25% of Devon's GVA.


Premise: To whom was a new temple dedicated on the Alban Mount?

Hypothesis: and established on the Aventine in the "commune Latinorum Dianae templum": At about the same time, the temple of Jupiter Latiaris was built on the Alban mount, its stylistic resemblance to the new Capitoline temple pointing to Rome's inclusive hegemony.


Premise: What occurs when offspring delay dispersal from their natal group?

Hypothesis: Female offspring rarely stay at home, dispersing over distances that allow them to breed independently, or to join unrelated groups.


Premise: What is a Russian word used to describe a Jew?

Hypothesis: , "Jude" in German, "judeu" in Portuguese, "juif" in French, "jøde" in Danish and Norwegian, "judío" in Spanish, "jood" in Dutch, etc., but derivations of the word "Hebrew" are also in use to describe a Jew, e.g., in Italian (Ebreo), in Persian ("Ebri/Ebrani" (Persian: عبری/عبرانی)) and Russian (Еврей, Yevrey).


Premise: In what type of climate do hunter-gatherers live?

Hypothesis: Many of them reside in the developing world, either in arid regions or tropical forests.


Premise: What classes in the 16th century sneered at the pronunciation of Dutch by rural people?

Hypothesis: Instead, he argues, this development has been artificially frozen in an "intermediate" state by the standardisation of Dutch pronunciation in the 16th century, where lowered diphthongs found in rural dialects were perceived as ugly by the educated classes and accordingly declared substandard.


Premise: Elam's writing system had paralleled Sumer's cuneiform since what era?

Hypothesis: Elam, the most prominent of these civilizations, developed in the southwest of Iran, alongside those in Mesopotamia.


Premise: What Spielberg franchise was filmed in New Haven in 2008?

Hypothesis: Before Her Eyes (2007), with Uma Thurman, and Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull (2008) directed by Steven Spielberg and starring Harrison Ford, Cate Blanchett and Shia LaBeouf.


Premise: What is the name of the solar energy research facility in the US?

Hypothesis: Deployment strategies focused on incentive programs such as the Federal Photovoltaic Utilization Program in the US and the Sunshine Program in Japan.


Premise: Which US presidents since the Vietnam War have studied at Yale?

Hypothesis: Yale-educated Presidents since the end of the Vietnam War include Gerald Ford, George H.W. Bush, Bill Clinton, and George W. Bush, and major-party nominees during this period include John Kerry (2004), Joseph Lieberman (Vice President, 2000), and Sargent Shriver (Vice President, 1972).


Premise: How much more were her earnings that the year before?

Hypothesis: In November, Forbes reported that Beyoncé was the top-earning woman in music for the second year in a row—earning $115 million in the year, more than double her earnings in 2013.


Premise: What is the modern study of genetics at the level of DNA known as?

Hypothesis: Collectively, this body of research established the central dogma of molecular biology, which states that proteins are translated from RNA, which is transcribed from DNA.


Premise: Through what time period did the Vietnam war last?

Hypothesis: International crises arose, such as the Berlin Blockade (1948–1949), the Korean War (1950–1953), the Berlin Crisis of 1961, the Vietnam War (1959–1975), the Cuban Missile Crisis (1962), the Soviet war in Afghanistan (1979–1989) and NATO exercises in November 1983.


Premise: How much did Britain spend to buy Egypt's share of the Suez Canal?

Hypothesis: In 1875, the Conservative government of Benjamin Disraeli bought the indebted Egyptian ruler Isma'il Pasha's 44 percent shareholding in the Suez Canal for £4 million (£340 million in 2013).


Premise: What is it called when higher ups in government embezzle from the government's treasury?

Hypothesis: A number of corrupt governments have enriched themselves via foreign aid, which is often spent on showy buildings and armaments.


Premise: Which are the safest places to inter an older copy of the Quran?

Hypothesis: Worn-out copies of the Quran are wrapped in a cloth and stored indefinitely in a safe place, buried in a mosque or a Muslim cemetery, or burned and the ashes buried or scattered over water.


Premise: Where was the start point for the relay?

Hypothesis: More than 8,000 riot police were deployed to guard the 24-kilometre route, which began at Olympic Park, which was built when Seoul hosted the 1988 Summer Games.


Premise: In what year did Louis die?

Hypothesis: The Hungarian nobility did not accept his claim, and the result was an internal war.


Premise: What term describes the nature of how the university is partially funded?

Hypothesis: The University of Kansas is a large, state-sponsored university, with five campuses.


Premise: What other type of endings do Catalan words have?

Hypothesis: Also, Catalan has final obstruent devoicing, thus featuring many couplets like amic "(male friend") vs. amiga ("female friend").


Premise: A person's identity is defined as the totality of what?

Hypothesis: Consequently, Weinreich gives the definition "A person's identity is defined as the totality of one's self-construal, in which how one construes oneself in the present expresses the continuity between how one construes oneself as one was in the past and how one construes oneself as one aspires to be in the future"; this allows for definitions of aspects of identity, such as: "One's ethnic identity is defined as that part of the totality of one's self-construal made up of those dimensions that express the continuity between one's construal of past ancestry and one's future aspirations in relation to ethnicity" (Weinreich, 1986a).


Premise: How often is Boston's climate plan updated?

Hypothesis: Boston is also breaking ground on multiple green affordable housing facilities to help reduce the carbon footprint of the city while simultaneously making these initiatives financially available to a greater population.


Premise: What animal unintentionally invaded the US waterways?

Hypothesis: In other cases, such as mongooses in Hawaii, the introduction is deliberate but ineffective (nocturnal rats were not vulnerable to the diurnal mongoose).


Premise: What president ignored Eisenhower's recommendations in regard to atomic weapons?

Hypothesis: Eisenhower was convinced in 1946 that the Soviet Union did not want war and that friendly relations could be maintained; he strongly supported the new United Nations and favored its involvement in the control of atomic bombs.


Premise: What was the amount of sea level change on Tuvalu estimated by the 2011 report?

Hypothesis: The 2011 report of the Pacific Climate Change Science Program published by the Australian Government, concludes: "The sea-level rise near Tuvalu measured by satellite altimeters since 1993 is about 5 mm (0.2 in) per year."


Premise: How were the work oppurtunies for parents during this time period?

Hypothesis: This age range was an important time for many youths as they were first helping to provide for their families; while also transitioning to save for their own future families.


Premise: When was the first Queen Bluray released?

Hypothesis: In 2007, a Blu-ray edition of Queen's previously released concerts, Queen Rock Montreal & Live Aid, was released, marking their first project in 1080p HD.


Premise: When was the Treaty of Paris signed?

Hypothesis: This was welcomed by France and the UK, where the citizens began to turn against their governments as the war dragged on.


Premise: Agassiz found that the Unteraar Glacier moved how much per year?

Hypothesis: His work was continued by other scientists and now a permanent laboratory exists inside a glacier under the Jungfraujoch, devoted exclusively to the study of Alpine glaciers.


Premise: Identity achievement rarely occurs before what age?

Hypothesis: Studies also confirm the impermanence of the stages; there is no final endpoint in identity development.


Premise: How did Virgil earn his nickname "Parthenias" or "maiden"?

Hypothesis: However schoolmates considered Virgil extremely shy and reserved, according to Servius, and he was nicknamed "Parthenias" or "maiden" because of his social aloofness.


Premise: When did Arsenal win their first Double Cup?

Hypothesis: In the 1930s, Arsenal won five League Championships and two FA Cups, and another FA Cup and two Championships after the war.


Premise: What city is northeast of Nanjing?

Hypothesis: On its western boundary is Anhui province, where Nanjing borders five prefecture-level cities, Chuzhou to the northwest, Wuhu, Chaohu and Maanshan to the west and Xuancheng to the southwest.


Premise: What has pain sometimes been used as an argument to allow terminally ill patients the right to do?

Hypothesis: It is a major symptom in many medical conditions, and can interfere with a person's quality of life and general functioning.


Premise: What is the annual precipitation in Iran's eastern plains?

Hypothesis: On the northern edge of the country (the Caspian coastal plain) temperatures rarely fall below freezing and the area remains humid for the rest of the year.


Premise: On what date did Gray and Bell both put in for a patent?

Hypothesis: On February 14, 1876, Gray filed a caveat with the U.S. Patent Office for a telephone design that used a water transmitter.


Premise: What kind of stops in pinyin are written with letters that representative of voiceless consonants?

Hypothesis: In pinyin, tenuis stops are written with letters that represent voiced consonants in English, and aspirated stops with letters that represent voiceless consonants.


Premise: What crops does Punjab grow?

Hypothesis: Since independence, Punjab has become the seat of political and economic power; it remains the most industrialised province of Pakistan.


Premise: What rival group did the Anglican Puritans want purged from their area?

Hypothesis: As such, they perceived the teachings and practices of the rival Quaker sect as heretical, even to the point where laws were passed and executions were performed with the aim of ridding their colony of such perceived "heresies".[citation needed]


Premise: What did any person who wanted to hold public office need to conform to during the Republic?

Hypothesis: During the Republic, any person who wished to hold public office had to conform to the Reformed Church and take an oath to this effect.


Premise: Which country has been ranked highest the most number of times?

Hypothesis: The list below displays the top-ranked country from each year of the Human Development Index.


Premise: In theory how were all polish noblemen viewed?

Hypothesis: In theory at least, all Polish noblemen were social equals.


Premise: During what war the the USAF establish a new career field for piloting UAVs and drones?

Hypothesis: In spite of an urgent need for UAVs or drones to provide round the clock coverage for American troops during the Iraq War, the USAF did not establish a new career field for piloting them until the last year of that war and in 2014 changed its RPA training syllabus again, in the face of large aircraft losses in training, and in response to a GAO report critical of handling of drone programs.


Premise: What are the two most widespread varieties of wines in Switzerland?

Hypothesis: Vineyards have been cultivated in Switzerland since the Roman era, even though certain traces can be found of a more ancient origin.


Premise: In what year were all Tibetan Muslims declared Indiana citizens?

Hypothesis: After 1959 a group of Tibetan Muslims made a case for Indian nationality based on their historic roots to Kashmir and the Indian government declared all Tibetan Muslims Indian citizens later on that year.


Premise: Who was Aaron's wife?

Hypothesis: Some of those who consider that the relationship with Elizabeth was on the maternal side, consider that Mary, like Joseph, to whom she was betrothed, was of the House of David and so of the Tribe of Judah, and that the genealogy of Jesus presented in Luke 3 from Nathan, third son of David and Bathsheba, is in fact the genealogy of Mary,[need quotation to verify] while the genealogy from Solomon given in Matthew 1 is that of Joseph.


Premise: What is the average income for a full time male worker?

Hypothesis: The median household income in Boston was $51,739, while the median income for a family was $61,035.


Premise: For what reason was asphalt used in the flooring of buildings?

Hypothesis: In 1838, there was a flurry of entrepreneurial activity involving asphalt/bitumen, which had uses beyond paving.


Premise: What book by Nick Hornby has twice been adapted for film?

Hypothesis: The book was twice adapted for the cinema – the 1997 British film focuses on Arsenal's 1988–89 title win, and a 2005 American version features a fan of baseball's Boston Red Sox.


Premise: What percentage of applicants did BYU accept for it's summer term and fall semester in 2013?

Hypothesis: BYU has one of the highest percentage of accepted applicants that go on to enroll (78 percent in 2010).


Premise: Why are uppercase letters preferred often times when space is restricted?

Hypothesis: Engineering design drawings are typically labelled entirely in upper-case letters, which are easier to distinguish than lowercase, especially when space restrictions require that the lettering be small.


Premise: Yaroslav held what title in medieval Russia?

Hypothesis: Yaroslav, the Grand Prince of the Kievan Rus' built a large cathedral in his capital, Kiev.


Premise: Why did the CTRC send out a bulletin to broadcasters?

Hypothesis: On December 16, 2010, some months after the CRTC issued a bulletin reminding broadcasters that analog transmitters had to be shut off by the deadline in mandatory markets, the CBC revised the documents accompanying its August 6, 2010 news release to state that it had the money for and is striving to transition all 27 transmitters by August 31, 2011.


Premise: Pasteurisation and autoclavation are examples of what kind of technique?

Hypothesis: Pasteurisation and autoclavation (heating techniques) have no doubt improved the safety of many common foods, preventing epidemics of bacterial infection.


Premise: The members of what clan gradually replaced the Fujiwaras?

Hypothesis: In time, many of the Fujiwara were replaced, mostly by members of the rising Minamoto family.


Premise: What are some of the major concerns with intensive breeding programs?

Hypothesis: In intensive systems, cannibalism, feather pecking and vent pecking can be common, with some farmers using beak trimming as a preventative measure.


Premise: Which scientist's study theorized that the idea of Darwin's work being delayed dates to the 1940s?

Hypothesis: A more recent study by science historian John van Wyhe has determined that the idea that Darwin delayed publication only dates back to the 1940s, and Darwin's contemporaries thought the time he took was reasonable.


Premise: Since which century have modern political processes forgone royal assent?

Hypothesis: While the power to withhold royal assent was once exercised often in European monarchies, it is exceedingly rare in the modern, democratic political atmosphere that has developed there since the 18th century.


Premise: Who briefly replaced Russell as Prime Minister?

Hypothesis: The following year, President Bonaparte was declared Emperor Napoleon III, by which time Russell's administration had been replaced by a short-lived minority government led by Lord Derby.


Premise: What part of Universal's business was terminated while it was in bankruptcy?

Hypothesis: The theater chain was scrapped, but Carl, Jr. held fast to distribution, studio and production operations.


Premise: What are the devices called that are from an external source?

Hypothesis: The processing element carries out arithmetic and logic operations, and a sequencing and control unit can change the order of operations in response to stored information.


Premise: Which morality play depicted mankind's progress from birth to death?

Hypothesis: The most interesting morality play is The Castle of Perseverance which depicts mankind's progress from birth to death.


Premise: In 1960, what was the percentage of whites in the Seattle area?

Hypothesis: The 2010 census showed that Seattle was one of the whitest big cities in the country, although its proportion of white residents has been gradually declining.


Premise: How is diagnosis of infectious disease almost always initiated?

Hypothesis: Diagnosis of infectious disease is nearly always initiated by medical history and physical examination.


Premise: In which facility is the London Symphony Orchestra based?

Hypothesis: The city is also home to many orchestras and concert halls, such as the Barbican Arts Centre (principal base of the London Symphony Orchestra and the London Symphony Chorus), Cadogan Hall (Royal Philharmonic Orchestra) and the Royal Albert Hall (The Proms).


Premise: What is the primary method for determining the Avogadro constant?

Hypothesis: The X-ray crystal density method is primarily a method for determining the Avogadro constant NA but as the Avogadro constant is related to the Planck constant it also determines a value for h.


Premise: Paganism was forbidden by what Roman Emperor?

Hypothesis: Nevertheless, much of Greece clung tenaciously to paganism, and ancient Greek religious practices were still in vogue in the late 4th century AD, when they were outlawed by the Roman emperor


Premise: What kinds of endemic conditions do the Human Assistance Operations entail?

Hypothesis: Humanitarian Assistance Operations are "programs conducted to relieve or reduce the results of natural or manmade disasters or other endemic conditions such as human pain, disease, hunger, or privation that might present a serious threat to life or that can result in great damage to or loss of property.


Premise: Who prophesized in Luke 2:25-38?

Hypothesis: After the prophecies of Simeon and the prophetess Anna in Luke 2:25-38 concluded, Joseph and Mary took Jesus and "returned into Galilee, to their own city Nazareth".[Luke 2:39]


Premise: Money transfers and wireless internet are two things that customers can now accomplish via what?

Hypothesis: Funded by Somali entrepreneurs and backed by expertise from China, Korea and Europe, these nascent telecommunications firms offer affordable mobile phone and internet services that are not available in many other parts of the continent.


Premise: How many troops did the US send to the Philippines?

Hypothesis: The Philippine–American War (1899–1902) was an armed conflict between a group of Filipino revolutionaries and the American forces following the ceding of the Philippines to the United States after the defeat of Spanish forces in the Battle of Manila.


Premise: Who believed that neither side would see a victory at the end of the Korean War?

Hypothesis: Peng was convinced that the war would be protracted, and that neither side would be able to achieve victory in the near future.


Premise: In the southern hemisphere, what aspect of DST is about the reverse of that of the northern hemisphere?

Hypothesis: Beginning and ending dates are roughly the reverse in the southern hemisphere.


Premise: What insect has been studied concerning the inheritability of rhythms?

Hypothesis: This is suggested by the maintenance (heritability) of circadian rhythms in fruit flies after several hundred generations in constant laboratory conditions, as well as in creatures in constant darkness in the wild, and by the experimental elimination of behavioral, but not physiological, circadian rhythms in quail.


Premise: Between which latitudes to mountains tend to have permanent snow?

Hypothesis: Glaciers can be found in all latitudes except from 20° to 27° north and south of the equator where the presence of the descending limb of the Hadley circulation lowers precipitation so much that with high insolation snow lines reach above 6,500 m (21,330 ft).


Premise: How many people compose the Japanese mandolin orchestras?

Hypothesis: Japanese mandolin orchestras today may consist of up to 40 or 50 members, and can include woodwind, percussion, and brass sections.


Premise: When did Destiny's Child release its album "Love Songs"?

Hypothesis: In January 2013, Destiny's Child released Love Songs, a compilation album of the romance-themed songs from their previous albums and a newly recorded track, "Nuclear".


Premise: What was the danger of not correctly patenting products?

Hypothesis: In the past, many organizations have claimed ownership of patents related to MP3 decoding or encoding.


Premise: What are the official languages of Telangana?

Hypothesis: After the fall of Delhi in 1857, the migration of performing artists to the city particularly from the north and west of the Indian sub continent, under the patronage of the Nizam, enriched the cultural milieu.


Premise: The active seeking of new ideas rather than the unquestioning acceptance of adult authority is known as what stage of development?

Hypothesis: While organized religion is not necessarily a part of every adolescent's life experience, youth are still held responsible for forming a set of beliefs about themselves, the world around them, and whatever higher powers they may or may not believe in.


Premise: In 1913, the Tennessee state legislature made which organizational structure the default form of city government in the state?

Hypothesis: But in the 1880s, the white-dominated state government passed four laws, the last of which imposed a poll tax requirement for voter registration.


Premise: When did the Vlachs migrate into the region?

Hypothesis: The population of Moravian Wallachia also descend of this population.


Premise: Under whom did the Secunderabad Club and the Nizam Club form?

Hypothesis: During British rule, Secunderabad became a well-known sporting centre and many race courses, parade grounds and polo fields were built.:18 Many elite clubs formed by the Nizams and the British such as the Secunderabad Club, the Nizam Club and the Hyderabad Race Club, which is known for its horse racing especially the annual Deccan derby, still exist.


Premise: Who was the AFL's 2013 national broadcast partner?

Hypothesis: CBS would also air the ArenaBowl, marking the first time since 2008 that the league's finale aired on network television.


Premise: What theory claims that popular belief was based on fiction?

Hypothesis: Whereas in popular belief deities held power over mortal lives, the skeptic might say that mortal devotion had made gods of mortals, and these same gods were only sustained by devotion and cult.


Premise: How many awards did Beyoncé win at the 46th Grammy's Awards?

Hypothesis: The album earned Beyoncé a then record-tying five awards at the 46th Annual Grammy Awards; Best Contemporary R&B Album, Best Female R&B Vocal Performance for "Dangerously in Love 2", Best R&B Song and Best Rap/Sung Collaboration for "Crazy in Love", and Best R&B Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocals for "The Closer I Get to You" with Luther Vandross.


Premise: When did the festivities acquire their violent tendencies?

Hypothesis: As of 2010, it had become so violent that the government imposed penalties of up to eight years in prison for violence during the games (the games themselves are not forbidden, but using violence during the games or coercing others to participate is).


Premise: What is the name of the oldest a cappella group at Washington University?

Hypothesis: The Pikers, an all-male group, is the oldest such group on campus.


Premise: When did the "Centennial Light" begin burning?

Hypothesis: It once resided in an opera house where notable celebrities stopped to take in its glow, and was moved to an area museum in 1977.


Premise: What renowned publishing company partners with Schwarzenegger in Fitness Publications?

Hypothesis: It is a festival that hosts thousands of international health and fitness professionals which has also expanded into a three-day expo.