Premise: What document was ratified on December 5, 1936?

Hypothesis: With the adoption of the 1936 Soviet Constitution on December 5, 1936, the size of the RSFSR was significantly reduced.


Premise: What was the name of the dog who lived to be 29.5 years?

Hypothesis: The median longevity of mixed-breed dogs, taken as an average of all sizes, is one or more years longer than that of purebred dogs when all breeds are averaged.


Premise: Besides children, who can Take CTC  classes?

Hypothesis: Adults can also attend courses at the CTCs.


Premise: When did Palmerston die?

Hypothesis: Victoria found Gladstone's demeanour far less appealing; he spoke to her, she is thought to have complained, as though she were "a public meeting rather than a woman".


Premise: In which Alaskan areas are military bases prevalent as an important part of the local economy?

Hypothesis: Federal subsidies are also an important part of the economy, allowing the state to keep taxes low.


Premise: What are the six perfections under Mahayana teachings?

Hypothesis: According to Mahayana teachings, these perfections are: dāna, śīla, kṣanti, vīrya, dhyāna, and prajñā.


Premise: What can come in a wide variety of styles for various functions?

Hypothesis: Lighting fixtures come in a wide variety of styles for various functions.


Premise: On its standard definition broadcast, what format does TCM use to preserve the original aspect ratio?

Hypothesis: TCM also regularly presents widescreen presentations of films not available in the format on any home video release.


Premise: Through what Period did Queen Victoria reign?

Hypothesis: This was a long period of prosperity for the British people, as profits gained from the overseas British Empire, as well as from industrial improvements at home, allowed a large, educated middle class to develop.


Premise: Who destroyed Fort William in 1696?

Hypothesis: The inhabitants were able to fend off a second Dutch attack in 1673, when this time it was defended by Christopher Martin, an English merchant captain.


Premise: Who were the Aspii?

Hypothesis: Having taken a northeasterly direction, he marched against the Aspii (mountaineers), who offered vigorous resistance, but were subdued.[citation needed]


Premise: Saint Helena is on the United Kingdom's list for future what?

Hypothesis: Much of the island has been identified by BirdLife International as being important for bird conservation, especially the endemic Saint Helena plover or wirebird, and for seabirds breeding on the offshore islets and stacks, in the north-east and the south-west Important Bird Areas.


Premise: What did the planners want to have around Lake Paranoa?

Hypothesis: These cities, with the exception of Gama and Sobradinho were not planned.


Premise: Along with the Angles and Saxons, what tribe spoke Anglo-Frisian?

Hypothesis: Old English developed from a set of Anglo-Frisian or North Sea Germanic dialects originally spoken by Germanic tribes traditionally known as the Angles, Saxons, and Jutes.


Premise: What is the natural cycle of hydrogen production and consumption by organisms called?

Hypothesis: The natural cycle of hydrogen production and consumption by organisms is called the hydrogen cycle.


Premise: Who are blamed in this paragraph for Jim Crow laws?

Hypothesis: Similar laws had been proposed but not passed in the late nineteenth century in South Carolina and Virginia, for instance.


Premise: What biblical passage informs Jehovah Witnesses' refusal of blood transfusions?

Hypothesis: Jehovah's Witnesses refuse blood transfusions, which they consider a violation of God's law based on their interpretation of Acts 15:28, 29 and other scriptures.


Premise: What is Panentheism?

Hypothesis: —but only as an addition to the Jewish view of a personal god, not in the original pantheistic sense that denies or limits persona to God.[citation needed]


Premise: Are the state requirements to be tax exempt the same as the Federal requirements?

Hypothesis: A tax exempt organization's 990 forms are required to be made available for public scrutiny.


Premise: What does the use of combinatorial testing consist of?

Hypothesis: Combinatorial test design enables users to get greater test coverage with fewer tests.


Premise: What did the Scientific Revolution cause?

Hypothesis: The Scientific Revolution was a period when European ideas in classical physics, astronomy, biology, human anatomy, chemistry, and other classical sciences were rejected and led to doctrines supplanting those that had prevailed from Ancient Greece to the Middle Ages which would lead to a transition to modern science.


Premise: What has the Brazilian media been accused of?

Hypothesis: The Brazilian media has been accused of hiding or overlooking the nation's Black, Indigenous, Multiracial and East Asian populations.


Premise: How did the Mimamsa school consider dharma?

Hypothesis: To them, dharma meant rituals and duties, not devas (gods), because devas existed only in name.


Premise: What move did Tazz make popular?

Hypothesis: Submission was initially a large factor in professional wrestling, but following the decline of the submission-oriented catch-as-catch-can style from mainstream professional wrestling, the submission largely faded until the rise of the legitimate sport of mixed martial arts.


Premise: Half of Charleston's annual rainfall occurs in what form?

Hypothesis: Summer is the wettest season; almost half of the annual rainfall occurs from June to September in the form of thundershowers.


Premise: What is the paper's stance on the EU?

Hypothesis: An unflattering picture of German chancellor Angela Merkel, taken from the rear, bore the headline "I'm Big in the Bumdestag" (17 April 2006).


Premise: Who authored Whitehead's biography that is considered to be the most reliable description of Whitehead's life?

Hypothesis: The two volume biography of Whitehead by Victor Lowe is the most definitive presentation of the life of Whitehead.


Premise: What park is located on the Rockaway Peninsula?

Hypothesis: In Staten Island, the park includes Fort Wadsworth, with historic pre-Civil War era Battery Weed and Fort Tompkins, and Great Kills Park, with beaches, trails, and a marina.


Premise: Who was responsible for bringing on Hayek at the LSE?

Hypothesis: In 1929, Lionel Robbins assumed the helm of the London School of Economics (LSE).


Premise: Why have poachers killed endangered animals?

Hypothesis: However, excessive hunting and poachers have also contributed heavily to the endangerment, extirpation and extinction of many animals, such as the quagga, the great auk, Steller's sea cow, the thylacine, the bluebuck, the Arabian oryx, the Caspian and Javan tigers, the markhor, the Sumatran rhinoceros, the bison, the North American cougar, the Altai argali sheep, the Asian elephant and many more, primarily for commercial sale or sport.


Premise: What was the murder rate in Boston in 1990?

Hypothesis: Murders in the city dropped from 152 in 1990 (for a murder rate of 26.5 per 100,000 people) to just 31—not one of them a juvenile—in 1999 (for a murder rate of 5.26 per 100,000).


Premise: Who taught the skills needed for the children to work?

Hypothesis: The work of children was important in pre-industrial societies, as children needed to provide their labour for their survival and that of their group. Pre-industrial societies were characterised by low productivity and short life expectancy, preventing children from participating in productive work would be more harmful to their welfare and that of their group in the long run.


Premise: What do seniors crush to celebrate graduation?

Hypothesis: Yale seniors at graduation smash clay pipes underfoot to symbolize passage from their "bright college years," though in recent history the pipes have been replaced with "bubble pipes".


Premise: Who fired a shot at Queen Victoria's carriage in 1849?

Hypothesis: In a similar attack in 1849, unemployed Irishman William Hamilton fired a powder-filled pistol at Victoria's carriage as it passed along Constitution Hill, London.


Premise: What was Maclean's occupation?

Hypothesis: On 2 March 1882, Roderick Maclean, a disgruntled poet apparently offended by Victoria's refusal to accept one of his poems, shot at the Queen as her carriage left Windsor railway station.


Premise: When did Buckingham officially become the principle royal residence?

Hypothesis: Buckingham Palace finally became the principal royal residence in 1837, on the accession of Queen Victoria, who was the first monarch to reside there; her predecessor William IV had died before its completion.


Premise: Where did Queen host a free concert in 1976?

Hypothesis: During 1976, Queen played one of their most famous gigs, a free concert in Hyde Park, London.


Premise: Who founded the city of London?

Hypothesis: It was founded by the Romans, who named it Londinium.


Premise: What Hungarian general humiliated the Prussians?

Hypothesis: When the Prussian King Frederick was marching south with his powerful armies, the Hungarian general unexpectedly swung his force of 5,000, mostly hussars, around the Prussians and occupied part of their capital, Berlin, for one night.


Premise: What is giving birth to dogs called?

Hypothesis: The process of birth is whelping, from the Old English word hwelp.


Premise: What era produced a decline in the use of spells?

Hypothesis: Archaeology confirms the widespread use of binding spells (defixiones), magical papyri and so-called "voodoo dolls" from a very early era.


Premise: When did the European brance finally directly distribute throughout Europe?

Hypothesis: In Europe and Australia, the system was released to two separate marketing regions.


Premise: What levels make up the "sky lobby"?

Hypothesis: Tenants of even-numbered floors first take an escalator (or an elevator from the parking garage) to the 2nd level, where they will enter the upper deck and arrive at their floors.


Premise: On what road is the Tower located on?

Hypothesis: It was originally used as a bridewell to incarcerate mainly drunks and minor criminals, and it still stands today on Everton Brow in Netherfield Road.


Premise: What happened after Krishna was accidentally wounded by an arrow of a hunter?

Hypothesis: According to the Mahabharat, Pandu, the father of the Pandavas, accidentally killed the sage Kindama and his wife with an arrow, mistaking them for a deer.


Premise: Which Secretary of State did President Truman hold discussions about how the US would respond to the invasion of South Korea?

Hypothesis: On Saturday, 24 June 1950, U.S. Secretary of State Dean Acheson informed President Truman that the North Koreans had invaded South Korea.


Premise: Which sisters were in the Five Moons?

Hypothesis: These were Yvonne Chouteau, sisters Marjorie and Maria Tallchief, Rosella Hightower and Moscelyne Larkin, known collectively as the Five Moons.


Premise: When will government subsidies to Thuringia end?

Hypothesis: The accession of several new countries, the crisis in southern Europe and the sustained economic growth in Germany since 2005 has brought the Thuringian GDP close to the EU average since then.


Premise: What defines the compression efficiency of encoders?

Hypothesis: Compression efficiency of encoders is typically defined by the bit rate, because compression ratio depends on the bit depth and sampling rate of the input signal.


Premise: What war took place from 1702-1709?

Hypothesis: The decline of the city reached its nadir with the War of Spanish Succession (1702–1709) that marked the end of the political and legal independence of the Kingdom of Valencia.


Premise: Until what year did the words near east and far east not refer to any particular region?

Hypothesis: Until about 1855 the words near east and far east did not refer to any particular region.


Premise: What issue did Spielberg address in his movie Schindler's List?

Hypothesis: His other films include Close Encounters of the Third Kind, the Indiana Jones film series, and A.I. Artificial Intelligence.


Premise: How do birds act in the period before migration?

Hypothesis: Caged birds display a preferential flight direction that corresponds with the migratory direction they would take in nature, changing their preferential direction at roughly the same time their wild conspecifics change course.


Premise: What were there 12,995 of in 2010?

Hypothesis: According to the Federal Bureau of Investigation's Uniform Crime Reports, in 2010 the Raleigh Police Department and other agencies in the city reported 1,740 incidents of violent crime and 12,995 incidents of property crime – far below both the national average and the North Carolina average.


Premise: When was Elizabeth's Silver Jubilee?

Hypothesis: At her Silver Jubilee in 1977, the crowds and celebrations were genuinely enthusiastic, but in the 1980s, public criticism of the royal family increased, as the personal and working lives of Elizabeth's children came under media scrutiny.


Premise: Why has demand for water increased annually on Cyprus?

Hypothesis: The country relies heavily on rain to provide household water, but in the past 30 years average yearly precipitation has decreased.


Premise: What does the United Network for Organ Sharing do?

Hypothesis: Richmond is home to the rapidly developing Virginia BioTechnology Research Park, which opened in 1995 as an incubator facility for biotechnology and pharmaceutical companies.


Premise: What church is the sacrifice important to?

Hypothesis: According to the substitutionary atonement view, Jesus' death is of central importance, and Jesus willingly sacrificed himself as an act of perfect obedience as a sacrifice of love which pleased God.


Premise: How many daily calories are recommended for a human adult?

Hypothesis: Any living organism relies on an external source of energy—radiation from the Sun in the case of green plants, chemical energy in some form in the case of animals—to be able to grow and reproduce.


Premise: What Empire split to create France and Germany?

Hypothesis: The town was also called Stratisburgum or Strateburgus in Latin, from which later came Strossburi in Alsatian and Straßburg in Standard German, and then Strasbourg in French.


Premise: When did Whitehead delivery the Gifford lectures?

Hypothesis: This is not to say that Whitehead's thought was widely accepted or even well-understood.


Premise: What is the nature of the different versions of a treaty executed in multiple languages?

Hypothesis: If the treaty is executed in multiple copies in different languages, that fact is always noted, and is followed by a stipulation that the versions in different languages are equally authentic.


Premise: A treaty requiring local prosecution by a party for particular crimes is an example of which type of treaty?

Hypothesis: An example of a treaty requiring such legislation would be one mandating local prosecution by a party for particular crimes.


Premise: Who is Toni Morrison?

Hypothesis: Christopher Hitchens was offended by the notion of Clinton as the first black president, noting, "Mr Clinton, according to Toni Morrison, the Nobel Prize-winning novelist, is our first black President, the first to come from the broken home, the alcoholic mother, the under-the-bridge shadows of our ranking systems.


Premise: Why are assistants used?

Hypothesis: Such events are often called "drives".


Premise: What was the purpose of the castle

Hypothesis: The castle would last less than 50 years before it was demolished in an uprising in the early stages of the Dutch Revolt.


Premise: What percentage of the Tennessee population was African-American in 1900?

Hypothesis: In 1900 African Americans comprised 23.8 percent of the state's population, concentrated in Middle and West Tennessee.


Premise: What year did the foreign ministry hold an exhibit exploring the Nordic ties of Estonia?

Hypothesis: In 2003, the foreign ministry also hosted an exhibit called "Estonia: Nordic with a Twist".


Premise: Have any other countries ever competed?

Hypothesis: In the early years other teams from Wales, Ireland and Scotland also took part in the competition, with Glasgow side Queen's Park losing the final to Blackburn Rovers in 1884 and 1885 before being barred from entering by the Scottish Football Association.


Premise: Where did Eisenhower work during his brother's first year of college?

Hypothesis: Edgar took the first turn at school, and Dwight was employed as a night supervisor at the Belle Springs Creamery.


Premise: On average, when did children born in the City of London die?

Hypothesis: Most children born in the city died before reaching their third birthday.


Premise: When do hunting regulations date from in the US?

Hypothesis: Local hunting clubs and national organizations provide hunter education and help protect the future of the sport by buying land for future hunting use.


Premise: What is the annual precipitation rate of coastal Antarctica?

Hypothesis: Antarctica, on average, is the coldest, driest, and windiest continent, and has the highest average elevation of all the continents.


Premise: Where does she place in writing credits  for three number one songs?

Hypothesis: Beyoncé was the third woman to have writing credits on three number one songs ("Irreplaceable", "Grillz" and "Check on It") in the same year, after Carole King in 1971 and Mariah Carey in 1991.


Premise: What was the price of uranium per pound as of May 2003?

Hypothesis: Prices went from about $10/lb in May 2003 to $138/lb in July 2007.


Premise: What country refused to allow forces to stage within it?

Hypothesis: After approximately three weeks of fighting, Hussein and the Ba'ath Party were forcibly removed, followed by 9 years of military presence by the United States and the coalition fighting alongside the newly elected Iraqi government against various insurgent groups.


Premise: Some insects have a fine scale spatial orientation and/or what else?

Hypothesis: In a phenomenon known as philopatry, insects that hibernate have shown the ability to recall a specific location up to a year after last viewing the area of interest.


Premise: In what way did small beer differ from regular beer?

Hypothesis: Young children were often given what was described as small beer, which was brewed to have a low alcohol content, as the local water was often unsafe.


Premise: What is White suffering from when Bond finds him?

Hypothesis: Bond travels to Austria to find White, who is dying of thallium poisoning.


Premise: Which type of light bulb uses inert gas?

Hypothesis: An incandescent light bulb, incandescent lamp or incandescent light globe is an electric light with a wire filament heated to a high temperature, by passing an electric current through it, until it glows with visible light (incandescence).


Premise: What happened just after the attack on Peal Harbor?

Hypothesis: Guam endured hostilities when American forces recaptured the island on July 21, 1944; Liberation Day commemorates the victory.


Premise: What was the coronation song for this season?

Hypothesis: Both Allen and Lambert released the coronation song, "No Boundaries" which was co-written by DioGuardi.


Premise: What is the last origination of the word asphalt?

Hypothesis: It is a significant fact that the first use of asphalt by the ancients was in the nature of a cement for securing or joining together various objects, and it thus seems likely that the name itself was expressive of this application.


Premise: What warrior class rose during the Heian era?

Hypothesis: The Heian Period is considered a high point in Japanese culture that later generations have always admired.


Premise: How many employees lost jobs when Dell closed their call center?

Hypothesis: These plans were reversed, due to a high Canadian dollar that made the Ottawa staff relatively expensive, and also as part of Dell's turnaround, which involved moving these call-center jobs offshore to cut costs.


Premise: What happened after Sulla returned to the conflict with Mithridates?

Hypothesis: With Sulla gone, the populares under Marius and Lucius Cornelius Cinna soon took control of the city.


Premise: Why would some SNESes be only partly yellow?

Hypothesis: This, along with the particularly light color of the original plastic, causes affected consoles to quickly become yellow; if the sections of the casing came from different batches of plastic, a "two-tone" effect results.


Premise: Between August 24th and October 26th how many German's left the Oblast to the Soviet Occupation zone?

Hypothesis: Between 24 August and 26 October 1948 21 transports with in total 42,094 Germans left the Oblast to the Soviet Occupation Zone (which became East Germany).


Premise: How did Publius fare in his battle?

Hypothesis: In the early days of Rome's war against Carthage, the commander Publius Claudius Pulcher (consul 249 BC) launched a sea campaign "though the sacred chickens would not eat when he took the auspices."


Premise: How tall is Mount Olympus?

Hypothesis: The highest point on Cyprus is Mount Olympus at 1,952 m (6,404 ft), located in the centre of the Troodos range.


Premise: The ease of collecting singles with the iPod and iTunes is credited with ending what "era" in pop music?

Hypothesis: The iPod has also been credited with accelerating shifts within the music industry.


Premise: What content of a grapes skin can be affected by soil composition, climate, and cultivation practices?

Hypothesis: It is these anthocyanins that are attracting the efforts of scientists to define their properties for human health.


Premise: What evidence was found that Crucifixion did happen?

Hypothesis: Although almost all ancient sources relating to crucifixion are literary, the 1968 archeological discovery just northeast of Jerusalem of the body of a crucified man dated to the 1st century provided good confirmatory evidence that crucifixions occurred during the Roman period roughly according to the manner in which the crucifixion of Jesus is described in the gospels.


Premise: Pork scratchings, pickled eggs and salted crisps are examples of what type of food?

Hypothesis: Many pubs were drinking establishments, and little emphasis was placed on the serving of food, other than sandwiches and "bar snacks", such as pork scratchings, pickled eggs, salted crisps and peanuts which helped to increase beer sales.


Premise: What was the playing time common in the early 20th century?

Hypothesis: The 12-inch disc, introduced by Victor in 1903, increased the playing time to three and a half minutes.


Premise: What is the name of the Spectre assassin who tracks Bond?

Hypothesis: When Oberhauser addresses Bond by name, he escapes and is pursued by Mr. Hinx, a Spectre assassin.


Premise: Where does most agricultural production take place?

Hypothesis: The most important commercial crops are coconuts, tomatoes, melons, and breadfruit.[citation needed]


Premise: Emperor Daigo ruled during what years?

Hypothesis: For a time, however, during the reign of Emperor Daigo (897-930), the Fujiwara regency was suspended as he ruled directly.


Premise: What year did data for the Oakland Growth Study stop being collected?

Hypothesis: The principle of historical time and place states that an individual's development is shaped by the period and location in which they grow up.


Premise: What kind of AFSC is a JAG?

Hypothesis: The latter range from flight combat operations such as a gunner, to working in a dining facility to ensure that members are properly fed.


Premise: Who led the Soviet Eleventh Army?

Hypothesis: Turkish forces under the command of Kazım Karabekir captured Armenian territories that Russia had annexed in the aftermath of the 1877–1878 Russo-Turkish War and occupied the old city of Alexandropol (present-day Gyumri).


Premise: What were the Old West's local police options?

Hypothesis: The Army often provided some policing alongside poorly resourced sheriffs and temporarily organized posses.[citation needed]


Premise: Whose rise to power motivated Popper to publish his work in hopes of obtaining an academic position abroad?

Hypothesis: He needed to publish one to get some academic position in a country that was safe for people of Jewish descent.


Premise: When did the alternative comics movement begin?

Hypothesis: Following a sales peak in the early 1950s, the content of comic books (particularly crime and horror) was subjected to scrutiny from parent groups and government agencies, which culminated in Senate hearings that led to the establishment of the Comics Code Authority self-censoring body.


Premise: According to Frederick Mark Gedicks, who believed that unjust laws were not really laws?

Hypothesis: For example, John Harrison asserts that the word "law" in the Constitution is simply defined as that which is legally binding, rather than being "defined by formal or substantive criteria," and therefore judges do not have discretion to decide that laws fail to satisfy such unwritten and vague criteria.


Premise: How many Christian pupils were in ottoman schools in 1861?

Hypothesis: In 1861, there were 571 primary and 94 secondary schools for Ottoman Christians with 140,000 pupils in total, a figure that vastly exceeded the number of Muslim children in school at the same time, who were further hindered by the amount of time spent learning Arabic and Islamic theology.


Premise: When did Washington University establish its medical school?

Hypothesis: Medical classes were first held at Washington University in 1891 after the St. Louis Medical College decided to affiliate with the University, establishing the School of Medicine.


Premise: What was the objective of the MIM-104 Patriot Missile batteries during the first Gulf War?

Hypothesis: Area air defence, the air defence of a specific area or location, (as opposed to point defence), have historically been operated by both armies (Anti-Aircraft Command in the British Army, for instance) and Air Forces (the United States Air Force's CIM-10 Bomarc).


Premise: Where was Chopin's first concert in Paris held?

Hypothesis: Liszt was in attendance at Chopin's Parisian debut on 26 February 1832 at the Salle Pleyel, which led him to remark: "The most vigorous applause seemed not to suffice to our enthusiasm in the presence of this talented musician, who revealed a new phase of poetic sentiment combined with such happy innovation in the form of his art."


Premise: Visitors from what faith routinely visit the stupa?

Hypothesis: Every year the stupa attracts many Tibetan Buddhist pilgrims who perform full body prostrations in the inner lower enclosure, walk around the stupa with prayer wheels, chant, and pray.


Premise: On what day and month did Bell die?

Hypothesis: Bell died of complications arising from diabetes on August 2, 1922, at his private estate, Beinn Bhreagh, Nova Scotia, at age 75.


Premise: Is adolescence usually accompanied by increased parental supervision or increased independence?

Hypothesis: The end of adolescence and the beginning of adulthood varies by country and by function.


Premise: Is neoclassical design current in Britain?

Hypothesis: In Britain a number of architects are active in the neoclassical style.


Premise: How long did the birds stay alive?

Hypothesis: Bewick then describes an experiment which succeeded in keeping swallows alive in Britain for several years, where they remained warm and dry through the winters.


Premise: What happens when Neptune goes retrograde?

Hypothesis: This apparent backward motion is created when Earth's orbit takes it past an outer planet.


Premise: When was a reprint of a letter sent to The Times appear in Littel's Living Age?

Hypothesis: Its author, an "official Chinese interpreter of 10 years' active service" and a member of the Oriental Club, Thomas Taylor Meadows, was replying to the suggestion by another interpreter that the British Empire was wasting its resources on a false threat from Russia against China.


Premise: What island is included in the range?

Hypothesis: The range covers parts of the islands of Saint Pierre and Miquelon, which comprise an overseas territory of France.


Premise: What type of bacteria usually takes rod-shaped form?

Hypothesis: More recently, some bacteria were discovered deep under Earth's crust that grow as branching filamentous types with a star-shaped cross-section.


Premise: When did Armenian writing begin?

Hypothesis: Armenian literature dates back to 400 AD, when Mesrop Mashtots first invented the Armenian alphabet.


Premise: Solar water disinfection is recommended by which organization?

Hypothesis: Solar water disinfection (SODIS) involves exposing water-filled plastic polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottles to sunlight for several hours.


Premise: What cathedral was damaged along with the medieval church of Temple Neuf?

Hypothesis: On 24 and 26 August 1870, the Museum of Fine Arts was destroyed by fire, as was the Municipal Library housed in the Gothic former Dominican church, with its unique collection of medieval manuscripts (most famously the Hortus deliciarum), rare Renaissance books, archeological finds and historical artifacts.


Premise: Besides viruses, where has RNA-mediated epigenetic inheritance been observed?

Hypothesis: RNA-mediated epigenetic inheritance has also been observed in plants and very rarely in animals.


Premise: How is a fjord formed?

Hypothesis: Before glaciation, mountain valleys have a characteristic "V" shape, produced by eroding water.


Premise: What are kings often depicted as on ancient reliefs?

Hypothesis: On ancient reliefs, especially from Mesopotamia, kings are often depicted as hunters of big game such as lions and are often portrayed hunting from a war chariot.


Premise: How many tourist nights are spent in Somerset

Hypothesis: Over 9 million tourist nights are spent in Somerset each year, which significantly increases the population at peak times.


Premise: What designation does the Globalization and World Cities Study Group give Houston?

Hypothesis: Because of these strengths, Houston is designated as a global city by the Globalization and World Cities Study Group and Network and global management consulting firm A.T. Kearney.


Premise: What NASA program benefited from the use of decision science applications?

Hypothesis: KU's School of Business launched interdisciplinary management science graduate studies in operations research during Fall Semester 1965.


Premise: What was a subject that all Dominican students had to learn?

Hypothesis: All Dominican students were required to learn grammar, old and new logic, natural philosophy and theology.


Premise: What do newer computer drives use instead of stepper motors?

Hypothesis: Stepper motors can be rotated to a specific angle in discrete steps with ease, and hence stepper motors are used for read/write head positioning in computer floppy diskette drives.


Premise: What is the largest venue in the Adrienne Arsht Center for the Performing Arts?

Hypothesis: Within it are the Ziff Ballet Opera House, the center's largest venue, the Knight Concert Hall, the Carnival Studio Theater and the Peacock Rehearsal Studio.


Premise: What game was key to the SNES's success?

Hypothesis: Nintendo however, scored an early public relations advantage by securing the first console conversion of Capcom's arcade classic Street Fighter II for SNES, which took over a year to make the transition to Genesis.


Premise: How many different airlines operate in Oklahoma?

Hypothesis: Between the two, six airlines operate in Oklahoma.


Premise: What thing that strongly differentiates the French from some other populations be clinal across Europe?

Hypothesis: (2009) found "a selected allele that strongly differentiates the French from both the Yoruba and Han could be strongly clinal across Europe, or at high frequency in Europe and absent elsewhere, or follow any other distribution according to the geographic nature of the selective pressure.


Premise: Who was the ruler of China in 885?

Hypothesis: They settled in Zhangzhou and brought the Middle Chinese phonology of northern China during the 7th century into Zhangzhou; In 885, (during the reign of Emperor Xizong of Tang), the two brothers Wang Chao (王潮) and Wang Shenzhi (王審知), led a military expedition force to pacify the Huang Chao rebellion.


Premise: Who introduced satirical strips to Japan?

Hypothesis: Illustrated magazines for Western expatriates introduced Western-style satirical cartoons to Japan in the late 19th century.


Premise: What is the world's oldest department store?

Hypothesis: In terms of retailing history, one of the most significant facts about the Newcastle Bainbridge shop, is that as early as 1849 weekly takings were recorded by department, making it the earliest of all department stores.


Premise: Def Leppard's album Hysteria churned out how many hit singles?

Hypothesis: Mötley Crüe with Girls, Girls, Girls (1987) continued their commercial success and Def Leppard with Hysteria (1987) hit their commercial peak, the latter producing seven hit singles (a record for a hard rock act).


Premise: How many people were added to the British Empire by 1922?

Hypothesis: By 1902, the British Empire was linked together by a network of telegraph cables, the so-called All Red Line.


Premise: Who seemed to have been dominated by geometrical pattern and order?

Hypothesis: The artists seem to have been dominated by geometrical pattern and order, and this was improved when classical art brought a greater freedom and economy.


Premise: Besides Arda Turan, what other player became eligible to play in 2016?

Hypothesis: On 10 February, qualifying for the sixth Copa del Rey final in the last eight seasons, Luis Enrique’s Barcelona broke the club's record of 28 consecutive games unbeaten in all competitions set by Guardiola’s team in the 2010–11 season, with a 1–1 draw with Valencia in the second leg of the 2015–16 Copa del Rey.


Premise: What is omitted when an act is published?

Hypothesis: When an act is published, the signature of the clerk is omitted, as is the Norman French formula, should the endorsement have been made in writing.


Premise: How many square kilometers in size is Kathmandu?

Hypothesis: Kathmandu is the core of Nepal's largest urban agglomeration located in the Kathmandu Valley consisting of Lalitpur, Kirtipur, Madhyapur Thimi, Bhaktapur and a number of smaller communities.


Premise: Who was a woman supposed to be subservient to?

Hypothesis: Confucian law, which helped define personal relationships and the code of ethics of the warrior class required that a woman show subservience to her husband, filial piety to her parents, and care to the children.


Premise: In which type of warfare did the French best utilize the Chassepot?

Hypothesis: French infantry were equipped with the breech-loading Chassepot rifle, one of the most modern mass-produced firearms in the world at the time.


Premise: An invention is a solution to what type of problem?

Hypothesis: A patent is a form of right granted by the government to an inventor, giving the owner the right to exclude others from making, using, selling, offering to sell, and importing an invention for a limited period of time, in exchange for the public disclosure of the invention.


Premise: What is the name of a marble sculpture that was rediscovered in the late 15th century?

Hypothesis: The Apollo Belvedere is a marble sculpture that was rediscovered in the late 15th century; for centuries it epitomized the ideals of Classical Antiquity for Europeans, from the Renaissance through the 19th century.


Premise: What did Popper say must be the beginning phase of science?

Hypothesis: Also, in his collection Conjectures and Refutations: The Growth of Scientific Knowledge (Harper & Row, 1963), Popper writes, "Science must begin with myths, and with the criticism of myths; neither with the collection of observations, nor with the invention of experiments, but with the critical discussion of myths, and of magical techniques and practices.


Premise: What science university did Saudi Arabia establish?

Hypothesis: United Arab Emirates has invested in Zayed University, United Arab Emirates University, and Masdar Institute of Science and Technology[clarification needed]


Premise: According to Heisenberg and Schrödinger, the reduced Planck constant remains what?

Hypothesis: The correct quantization rules for electrons – in which the energy reduces to the Bohr model equation in the case of the hydrogen atom – were given by Heisenberg's matrix mechanics in 1925 and the Schrödinger wave equation in 1926: the reduced Planck constant remains the fundamental quantum of angular momentum.


Premise: When was the latest addition to the facade at St Mark's Basilica in Venice?

Hypothesis: Sometimes not only church interiors but façades were also decorated with mosaics in Italy like in the case of the St Mark's Basilica in Venice (mainly from the 17th–19th centuries, but the oldest one from 1270–75, "The burial of St Mark in the first basilica"), the Cathedral of Orvieto (golden Gothic mosaics from the 14th century, many times redone) and the Basilica di San Frediano in Lucca (huge, striking golden mosaic representing the Ascension of Christ with the apostles below, designed by Berlinghiero Berlinghieri in the 13th century).


Premise: What was the result in the decline in sea level in the middle of the Carboniferous period?

Hypothesis: A mid-Carboniferous drop in sea-level precipitated a major marine extinction, one that hit crinoids and ammonites especially hard.


Premise: At which intersection does W 122nd Street terminate?

Hypothesis: This segment runs in the Mount Morris Historical District and crosses portions of Lenox Avenue (Sixth Avenue), Seventh Avenue, Frederick Douglass Boulevard (Eighth Avenue), and Manhattan Avenue.


Premise: In what time frame were these people enslaved?

Hypothesis: This number far exceeded the number of slaves who were taken to the Americas.


Premise: Are these percentages an accurate estimate of nonconformists religious  groups ?

Hypothesis: Independent researchers put the Muslim population at 6 to 10% of the population[citation needed].


Premise: Who owned Kingsbridge?

Hypothesis: In 1759, the farmers led by Jacobus Dyckman and Benjamin Palmer built a "free bridge" across the Harlem River which led to the abandonment of tolls altogether.


Premise: What enterprise did Beyonce and her mother start on March 5, 2010?

Hypothesis: In April 2011, Beyoncé joined forces with US First Lady Michelle Obama and the National Association of Broadcasters Education Foundation, to help boost the latter's campaign against child obesity by reworking her single "Get Me Bodied".


Premise: What is the natural cycle of hydrogen production and consumption by organisms called?

Hypothesis: Creation of hydrogen gas occurs in the transfer of reducing equivalents produced during pyruvate fermentation to water.


Premise: What do scholars recognize about the life of the Buddha?

Hypothesis: Scholars are hesitant to make unqualified claims about the historical facts of the Buddha's life.


Premise: What was the number of Greek Cypriots on Cyprus in 1973?

Hypothesis: According to this census, the Greek Cypriot population was 482,000.


Premise: When did pragmatism arise?

Hypothesis: James popularized the term "pragmatism", giving Peirce full credit for its patrimony, but Peirce later demurred from the tangents that the movement was taking, and redubbed what he regarded as the original idea with the name of "pragmaticism".


Premise: When was the lowest temperature recorded in NYC?

Hypothesis: Extreme temperatures have ranged from −15 °F (−26 °C), recorded on February 9, 1934, up to 106 °F (41 °C) on July 9, 1936.


Premise: What institution of tertiary education is known as NAMS?

Hypothesis: Institute of Medicine, the central college of Tribhuwan University is the first medical college of Nepal and is located in Maharajgunj, Kathmandu.


Premise: Where did Craig go to deal with his injury?

Hypothesis: Following filming in Mexico, and during a scheduled break, Craig was flown to New York to undergo minor surgery to fix his knee injury.


Premise: What Mennonite sect did Eisenhower's mother initially belong to?

Hypothesis: His later decision to attend West Point saddened his mother, who felt that warfare was "rather wicked," but she did not overrule him.


Premise: On what date did the Eastern Han dynasty begin?

Hypothesis: During the widespread rebellion against Wang Mang, the state of Goguryeo was free to raid Han's Korean commanderies; Han did not reaffirm its control over the region until AD 30.


Premise: What is the intermarriage rate among non-orthodox jews?

Hypothesis: In contrast to the general American Jewish community, which is dwindling due to low fertility and high intermarriage and assimilation rates, the Orthodox Jewish community of the United States is growing rapidly.


Premise: What does Paris region manufacturing specialize in?

Hypothesis: Paris region manufacturing specialises in transportation, mainly automobiles, aircraft and trains, but this is in a sharp decline:


Premise: Who are the Highland Quichuas primarily descended from?

Hypothesis: Linguistic evidence suggests that the Salascan and the Saraguro may have been the descendants of Bolivian ethnic groups transplanted to Ecuador as mitimaes.


Premise: Who is the mayor of Oklahoma City?

Hypothesis: Mick Cornett serves as Mayor, having first been elected in 2004, and re-elected in 2006, 2010, and 2014.


Premise: Who do Jehovah Witnesses think is out to destroy them?

Hypothesis: Satan will subsequently attack Jehovah's Witnesses, an action that will prompt God to begin the war of Armageddon, during which all forms of government and all people not counted as Christ's "sheep", or true followers, will be destroyed.


Premise: What was the transportation advancement made possible by Sprague's designs?

Hypothesis: This allowed Sprague to use electric motors to invent the first electric trolley system in 1887–88 in Richmond VA, the electric elevator and control system in 1892, and the electric subway with independently powered centrally controlled cars, which were first installed in 1892 in Chicago by the South Side Elevated Railway where it became popularly known as the "L".


Premise: Who can decline a penalty?

Hypothesis: One notable exception to this rule is if the kicking team on a 3rd down punt play is penalized before the kick occurs: the receiving team may not decline the penalty and take over on downs.


Premise: How many clubs entered in 2005-06?

Hypothesis: In the 2004–05 season, 660 clubs entered the competition, beating the long-standing record of 656 from the 1921–22 season.


Premise: What cultural event showcases dancers and musicians from all over India?

Hypothesis: Other events such as Kite Flying Festival, International Mango Festival and Vasant Panchami (the Spring Festival) are held every year in Delhi.


Premise: How can cars get exempt from the restrictions?

Hypothesis: There is an environmental program, called Hoy No Circula ("Today Does Not Run", or "One Day without a Car"), whereby vehicles that have not passed emissions testing are restricted from circulating on certain days according to the ending digit of their license plates; this in an attempt to cut down on pollution and traffic congestion.


Premise: When is Brasilia's rainy season?

Hypothesis: With 247.4 mm (9.7 in), January is the month with the highest rainfall of the year, while June is the lowest, with only 8.7 mm (0.3 in).


Premise: What research uses liquid H2?

Hypothesis: It is used as a shielding gas in welding methods such as atomic hydrogen welding.


Premise: After 1877 another lighthouse was build to replace File Mile Point, what was its' name?

Hypothesis: Five Mile Point Light was decommissioned in 1877 following the construction of Southwest Ledge Light at the entrance of the harbor, which remains in service to this day.


Premise: Which church did the 9 founders of Northwestern affiliate the university with?

Hypothesis: Although they affiliated the university with the Methodist Episcopal Church, they were committed to non-sectarian admissions, believing that Northwestern should serve all people in the newly developing territory.


Premise: What road does First use stops around to leave a terminal available for other buses?

Hypothesis: As the biggest operator, First uses stops around Pound Tree Road.


Premise: With what other difference did the Gregorian calendar concern itself?

Hypothesis: The canonical Easter tables were devised at the end of the third century, when the vernal equinox fell either on 20 March or 21 March depending on the year's position in the leap year cycle.


Premise: What language does Russian descend from?

Hypothesis: In the 19th century, the language was often called "Great Russian" to distinguish it from Belarusian, then called "White Russian" and Ukrainian, then called "Little Russian".


Premise: How many aspects does dukkha have?

Hypothesis: The first truth explains the nature of dukkha.


Premise: What apps can one expect the Photos app to match with?

Hypothesis: Apps can run either in a full-screen mode, or be snapped to the side of a screen.


Premise: Who did the East India Company appoint as Governor of Bengal?

Hypothesis: The British East India Company extended its control over the whole of Bengal.


Premise: What percentage of recyclable materials are being recycled in Switzerland?

Hypothesis: Switzerland has one of the best environmental records among nations in the developed world; it was one of the countries to sign the Kyoto Protocol in 1998 and ratified it in 2003.


Premise: Which organization for scientific publications was established in Pakistan in 2002?

Hypothesis: Several Muslim countries like Turkey and Iran exhibit high scientific publication.


Premise: What is the most widely accepted explanation of Neptune's formation called?

Hypothesis: This hypothesis of migration after formation is favoured, due to its ability to better explain the occupancy of the populations of small objects observed in the trans-Neptunian region.


Premise: Who conferred primacy to the Eyre Estate of St John's Wood?

Hypothesis: Blackheath, Chalk Farm and St John's Wood are among the areas contesting being the original home of the semi.


Premise: What date did Estonia join the League of Nations?

Hypothesis: Estonia was a member of the League of Nations from 22 September 1921, has been a member of the United Nations since 17 September 1991, and of NATO since 29 March 2004, as well as the European Union since 1 May 2004.


Premise: In addition to cyberctm.com, what other website was shut down for two days?

Hypothesis: Both orchidbbs.com and cyberctm.com Internet forums were shut down from May 2 to 4.


Premise: What type of study is used to simulate lighting designs?

Hypothesis: Photometric studies (also sometimes referred to as "layouts" or "point by points") are often used to simulate lighting designs for projects before they are built or renovated.


Premise: What counted for more of the population change?

Hypothesis: Migration accounted for 1.3%, while births and deaths accounted for −2.1%.


Premise: What decade did Dell begin to sell things other than PCs?

Hypothesis: In the mid-1990s, Dell expanded beyond desktop computers and laptops by selling servers, starting with low-end servers.


Premise: Who performs better in school: sexually experienced or inexperienced teen females?

Hypothesis: Those who have had such experiences tend to perform not as well in school as their "inexperienced" peers.


Premise: What can the lower lands, suffering from inversion, sometimes lack for weeks?

Hypothesis: The Swiss climate is generally temperate, but can vary greatly between the localities, from glacial conditions on the mountaintops to the often pleasant near Mediterranean climate at Switzerland's southern tip.


Premise: What form of currency did Canada issue to celebrate Bell in 1997?

Hypothesis: The 150th anniversary of Bell's birth in 1997 was marked by a special issue of commemorative £1 banknotes from the Royal Bank of Scotland.


Premise: What themes were influenced by her acting role in Dreamgirls?

Hypothesis: The feminism and female empowerment themes on Beyoncé's second solo album B'Day were inspired by her role in Dreamgirls and by singer Josephine Baker.


Premise: Which writer in The Guardian was critical of Hopkins?

Hypothesis: Zoe Williams commented in The Guardian: "It is no joke when people start talking like this.


Premise: In the 2000s, how many people died every year because of dog bites?

Hypothesis: 77% of dog bites are from the pet of family or friends, and 50% of attacks occur on the property of the dog's legal owner.


Premise: On what date did the Mau demonstrate on the streets of Apia?

Hypothesis: In accordance with the Mau's non-violent philosophy, the newly elected leader, High Chief Tupua Tamasese Lealofi, led his fellow uniformed Mau in a peaceful demonstration in downtown Apia on 28 December 1929.


Premise: HD content can be displayed by cable-ready TVs without using what?

Hypothesis: Additionally, cable-ready TV sets can display HD content without using an external box.


Premise: In what year was the Four Power Paris Summit intended to take place?

Hypothesis: Therefore, Khrushchev would not take part in the summit.


Premise: What Dell product was a commercial failure?

Hypothesis: The Dell Streak was a failure commercially and critically due to its outdated OS, numerous bugs, and low resolution screen.


Premise: What is expected when the relationships are made public?

Hypothesis: The expectation is that relationship between doctors and Pharmaceutical industry will become fully transparent.


Premise: What formed the undercroft of the monks' dormitory?

Hypothesis: The outer walls and circular piers are of 11th-century date, several of the capitals were enriched in the 12th century and the stone altar added in the 13th century.


Premise: What was Zhu's job?

Hypothesis: In 1725 Yongzheng bestowed the hereditary title of Marquis on a descendant of the Ming dynasty Imperial family, Zhu Zhiliang, who received a salary from the Qing government and whose duty was to perform rituals at the Ming tombs, and was also inducted the Chinese Plain White Banner in the Eight Banners.


Premise: Which party did Internet Archive side with?

Hypothesis: Netbula objected to the motion on the ground that defendants were asking to alter Netbula's web site and that they should have subpoenaed Internet Archive for the pages directly.


Premise: How did the Gregorian calendar set these same of the full moon not preceding Easterconditions?

Hypothesis: As the rule was that the full moon preceding Easter was not to precede the equinox the equinox was fixed at 21 March for computational purposes and the earliest date for Easter was fixed at 22 March.


Premise: What term refers to another way in which dialects are distinguished from languages?

Hypothesis: Another occasionally used criterion for discriminating dialects from languages is that of linguistic authority, a more sociolinguistic notion.


Premise: What material we use to write or print on, like wood, becomes softer and more pliable when wet?

Hypothesis: A similar effect of common observation is in the softening action of water on rawhide, paper, or cloth.


Premise: What is the formal name for a CD?

Hypothesis: The document is known colloquially as the Red Book CD-DA after the colour of its cover.


Premise: When did the debate on delimitation begin in Germany?

Hypothesis: Any later plans to break up the dominating Prussia into smaller states failed because political circumstances were not favorable to state reforms.


Premise: In how many ways did Paul VI contribute to an ecumenical dialogue between Catholics?

Hypothesis: These words meant to Paul VI love without limits, and they underscore the Church's fundamental approach to ecumenism.


Premise: What style did architect James Gamble Rogers use for the principal buildings on the new Chicago campus?

Hypothesis: The architect James Gamble Rogers was commissioned to create a master plan for the principal buildings on the new campus which he designed in collegiate gothic style.


Premise: When did many alpine countries develop heavy protection to prevent new invasion?

Hypothesis: After the fall of Napoléon, many alpine countries developed heavy protections to prevent any new invasion.


Premise: How many company vehicles did angry protesters overturn at the Zhejiang Jinko Solar Company?

Hypothesis: The environmental watchdog had warned the factory, but it had not effectively controlled the pollution, Chen added.


Premise: When did Broca publish his pioneering work?

Hypothesis: Emotions are thought to be related to certain activities in brain areas that direct our attention, motivate our behavior, and determine the significance of what is going on around us.


Premise: What was the profession of most of the settlers in the Province of Carolina?

Hypothesis: North Carolina became one of the English Thirteen Colonies and with the territory of South Carolina was originally known as the Province of Carolina.


Premise: Who invaded Armenia in 1920?

Hypothesis: In late 1920, the communists came to power following an invasion of Armenia by the Red Army, and in 1922, Armenia became part of the Transcaucasian SFSR of the Soviet Union, later forming the Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic (1936 to September 21, 1991).


Premise: Where can financial relationships between Medicaid, Medicare and pharmaceutical companies be found?

Hypothesis: Data are made public in the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services website.


Premise: Smartzone used what company's antivirus protection?

Hypothesis: There is also Cloudmark spam and phishing protection and Trend Micro antivirus.


Premise: What is the name of the coal field

Hypothesis: The Somerset Coalfield is part of a larger coalfield which stretches into Gloucestershire.


Premise: How many patients visit the hospitals annually?

Hypothesis: Health care and emergency medical service in the city of Paris and its suburbs are provided by the Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), a public hospital system that employs more than 90,000 people (including practitioners, support personnel, and administrators) in 44 hospitals.


Premise: Was Athanasius permitted admission to the Council?

Hypothesis: Their objections were overridden by the orthodox bishops, about a hundred were orthodox, who were the majority.


Premise: What take place during SWS?

Hypothesis: System consolidation takes place during slow-wave sleep (SWS).


Premise: Who colonized Brazil?

Hypothesis: Child labour has been a consistent struggle for children in Brazil ever since the country was colonized on April 22, 1550 by Pedro Álvares Cabral.


Premise: What are some names of derivatives?

Hypothesis: " Essentially, investment banks and hedge funds used financial innovation to enable large wagers to be made, far beyond the actual value of the underlying mortgage loans, using derivatives called credit default swaps, collateralized debt obligations and synthetic CDOs.


Premise: What is the often stated FST for humans?

Hypothesis: It is often stated that the fixation index for humans is about 0.15.


Premise: When did South America show an increase in Evangelicals?

Hypothesis: In North America, South America and Australia Christian religious observance is much higher than in Europe.


Premise: When was the Canada Not-for-Profit corporations Act last ammended?

Hypothesis: During 2009, the federal government enacted new legislation repealing the Canada Corporations Act, Part II - the Canada Not-for-Profit Corporations Act.


Premise: Who was the Carthaginian general?

Hypothesis: This was one of the most celebrated achievements of any military force in ancient warfare, although no evidence exists of the actual crossing or the place of crossing.


Premise: Who has hunting been forbidden to since early Christian times?

Hypothesis: says, "We forbid to all servants of God hunting and expeditions through the woods with hounds; and we also forbid them to keep hawks or falcons.


Premise: In what year did Langage Power Station come on line?

Hypothesis: Plymouth's electricity is supplied from the National Grid and distributed to Plymouth via Western Power Distribution.


Premise: What percentage of the population in Montana are Native peoples?

Hypothesis: Montana has a larger Native American population numerically and percentage-wise than most U.S. states.


Premise: Why did western power believe that the soviet government wouldn’t partake in another world war?

Hypothesis: The Soviet Union, which feared Western powers and the possibility of "capitalist encirclements", had little faith either that war could be avoided, or faith in the Polish army, and wanted nothing less than an ironclad military alliance with France and Britain that would provide a guaranteed support for a two-pronged attack on Germany; thus, Stalin's adherence to the collective security line was purely conditional.


Premise: Who helped North Korea prepare for war by surveying the country?

Hypothesis: After conferring with Mao that this would be MacArthur's most likely strategy, Zhou briefed Soviet and North Korean advisers of Lei's findings, and issued orders to Chinese army commanders deployed on the Korean border to prepare for American naval activity in the Korea Strait.


Premise: Where was the oldest brain that was found?

Hypothesis: The oldest brain to have been discovered was in Armenia in the Areni-1 cave complex.


Premise: Petrarch felt that although he tried to do his own form of good whose life may have more meaning?

Hypothesis: He hoped that he could do some good by winning earthly glory and praising virtue, inferior though that might be to a life devoted solely to prayer.


Premise: Which group consist of the most mammals?

Hypothesis: The three largest orders in numbers, are first Rodentia: mice, rats, porcupines, beavers, capybaras, and other gnawing mammals; then Chiroptera: bats; and then Soricomorpha: shrews, moles and solenodons.


Premise: In what year did it land the name, Sony Music Entertainment?

Hypothesis: In 1987, Sony Corporation of Japan bought the company, and in 1991, renamed it SME.


Premise: What 2 main weapons does Link use in combat?

Hypothesis: Link uses a sword and shield in combat, complemented with secondary weapons and items, including a bow and arrows, a boomerang, bombs, and the Clawshot (similar to the Hookshot introduced earlier in the The Legend of Zelda series).[d]


Premise: What was the belief that was approved at this council?

Hypothesis: A "Homoeon" creed was adopted, declaring The Son to be "like the Father".


Premise: How much did the market value of the college's endowment increase between 2014 and 2015?

Hypothesis: During the year 2014/15, the market value of the endowment increased by £78 million (18%) to £512.4 million on 31 July 2015.


Premise: What dominant hair color is to believed to be prevalent among Greeks

Hypothesis: Another study from 2012 included 150 dental school students from University of Athens, the result showed that light hair colour (blonde/light ash brown) was predominant in 10.7% of the students.


Premise: What is the uncertainty principle?

Hypothesis: For example, the uncertainty principle, according to which the determination of the position of a particle prevents the determination of its momentum and vice versa, is translated into the non-commutativity of the two corresponding operators.


Premise: How many Technical Universities are there in the Netherlands today?

Hypothesis: These are the current three Technical Universities (at Delft, Eindhoven and Enschede), plus the former agricultural institute in Wageningen.


Premise: In addition to Free Radio San Diego, what other pirate station is in San Diego?

Hypothesis: Star 94.1, FM 94/9, FM News and Talk 95.7, Q96 96.1, KyXy 96.5, Free Radio San Diego (AKA Pirate Radio San Diego) 96.9FM FRSD, KSON 97.3/92.1, KXSN 98.1, Jack-FM 100.7, 101.5 KGB-FM, KLVJ 102.1, Rock 105.3, and another Pirate Radio station at 106.9FM, as well as a number of local Spanish-language radio stations.


Premise: Who won North Carolinas 7th congressional district seat in 2014?

Hypothesis: In the 2014 mid-term elections, Republican David Rouzer won the state's Seventh Congressional District seat, increasing the congressional delegation party split to 10-3 in favor of the GOP.


Premise: Who promoted the use of stone from the  Bath area

Hypothesis: Further south, Hamstone is the colloquial name given to stone from Ham Hill, which is also widely used in the construction industry.


Premise: What is the name of the area that players with the Wolf Link Amiibo can access?

Hypothesis: Special bundles of the game contain a Wolf Link Amiibo figurine, which unlocks a Wii U-exclusive dungeon called the "Cave of Shadows" and can carry data over to the upcoming 2016 Zelda game.


Premise: What type of instrument are the Sumerians thought to have invented to use at royal funerals?

Hypothesis: It is also said that the Sumerians invented the first oboe-like instrument, and used them at royal funerals.


Premise: For what purpose can rooms be rented at the Royal Institute's building?

Hypothesis: Parts of the London building are open to the public, including the Library.


Premise: Who intends to reopen the Plymouth City Airport?

Hypothesis: It concluded that the best option for the south-west was to close Plymouth City Airport and expand Exeter International Airport and Newquay Cornwall Airport, although it did conclude that this was not the best option for Plymouth.


Premise: What pope most recently issued Papal pronouncements against Freemasons?

Hypothesis: The first was Pope Clement XII's In eminenti apostolatus, 28 April 1738; the most recent was Pope Leo XIII's Ab apostolici, 15 October 1890.


Premise: Where was the central location of the Muayan Empire?

Hypothesis: The Central Ganges Plain, where Magadha gained prominence, forming the base of the Mauryan Empire, was a distinct cultural area, with new states arising after 500 BC[web 1] during the so-called "Second urbanization".[note 3]


Premise: What sales model did Dell follow?

Hypothesis: Dell was a pure hardware vendor for much of its existence, but with the acquisition in 2009 of Perot Systems, Dell entered the market for IT services.


Premise: What was the last battleship in history to engage in combat with another battleship?

Hypothesis: Kurita's force had begun the battle with five battleships; when he returned to Japan, only Yamato was combat-worthy.


Premise: Which musician attended Cass Tech?

Hypothesis: Prominent emerging Jazz musicians of the 1960s included: trumpet player Donald Byrd who attended Cass Tech and performed with Art Blakey and the Jazz Messengers early in his career and Saxophonist Pepper Adams who enjoyed a solo career and accompanied Byrd on several albums.


Premise: What has stimulated IT sector?

Hypothesis: The IT sector has been stimulated by new Egyptian entrepreneurs with government encouragement.[citation needed]


Premise: What is another name for ectosymbiosis?

Hypothesis: Ectosymbiosis, also referred to as exosymbiosis, is any symbiotic relationship in which the symbiont lives on the body surface of the host, including the inner surface of the digestive tract or the ducts of exocrine glands.


Premise: Where did Feynman spend his time during his contract at UW?

Hypothesis: The appointment was spent on leave for his involvement in the Manhattan project.


Premise: In 1987 what elected government was removed in a coup?

Hypothesis: By the start of 1991, republican feeling in Britain had risen because of press estimates of the Queen's private wealth—which were contradicted by the Palace—and reports of affairs and strained marriages among her extended family.


Premise: Of what genre was the musician Keith Sweat?

Hypothesis: In the 1980s, lush jazz-R&B fusion (George Benson, Patti Austin, Al Jarreau) and stylish crossover R&B (Anita Baker and Luther Vandross, New Edition and Keith Sweat) were equally successful within the mainstream.


Premise: Which two teams would you normally separate when writing and testing software?

Hypothesis: The scope of software testing often includes examination of code as well as execution of that code in various environments and conditions as well as examining the aspects of code: does it do what it is supposed to do and do what it needs to do.


Premise: What was the goal of England's colony in Guiana?

Hypothesis: This led to hostilities with the United Dutch Provinces—a series of Anglo-Dutch Wars—which would eventually strengthen England's position in the Americas at the expense of the Dutch.


Premise: What is the annual revenue of the food processing industry?

Hypothesis: Food processing is a US$5 billion industry that employs more than 19,000 residents.


Premise: What is the daily average temperature in July?

Hypothesis: The average window for freezing temperatures is November 20 to March 25, allowing a growing season of 239 days.


Premise: Which class became a new military elite?

Hypothesis: Shōen holders had access to manpower and, as they obtained improved military technology (such as new training methods, more powerful bows, armor, horses, and superior swords) and faced worsening local conditions in the ninth century, military service became part of shōen life.


Premise: What class carrier is the Sao Paulo?

Hypothesis: São Paulo was first commissioned in 1963 by the French Navy as Foch and was transferred in 2000 to Brazil, where she became the new flagship of the Brazilian Navy.


Premise: Where does the brain usually get most of its energy from inside the body?

Hypothesis: The energy consumption of the brain does not vary greatly over time, but active regions of the cerebral cortex consume somewhat more energy than inactive regions; this forms the basis for the functional brain imaging methods PET, fMRI, and NIRS.


Premise: What is Neptune's atmosphere made of?

Hypothesis: Because Neptune's atmospheric methane content is similar to that of Uranus, some unknown atmospheric constituent is thought to contribute to Neptune's colour.


Premise: What have Orthodox churches condemned the perception of?

Hypothesis: One, but not the only expression of the ecumenical movement, has been the move to form united churches, such as the Church of South India, the Church of North India, the US-based United Church of Christ, the United Church of Canada, the Uniting Church in Australia and the United Church of Christ in the Philippines which have rapidly declining memberships.


Premise: What do some non-theists view God as?

Hypothesis: Even non-theist views about gods vary.


Premise: What aircraft are considered the workhorses of the US Air Force?

Hypothesis: Cargo and transport aircraft are typically used to deliver troops, weapons and other military equipment by a variety of methods to any area of military operations around the world, usually outside of the commercial flight routes in uncontrolled airspace.


Premise: In what areas are comb filters most likely to lose detail?

Hypothesis: While good comb filters can do so adequately, these two signals cannot be completely separated.


Premise: What phrases did Nasser use in many of his speeches?

Hypothesis: Nasser's street following was still too small to sustain his plans for reform and to secure him in office.


Premise: How many cases of tuberculosis were active over the course of 2014?

Hypothesis: In 2014, there were 9.6 million cases of active TB which resulted in 1.5 million deaths.


Premise: What did okugatasama mean?

Hypothesis: the skill of the knife), which they could use to protect their household, family, and honor if the need arose.


Premise: How much money did Nasser spend on weapons?

Hypothesis: Nasser felt that if he was to maintain Egypt's regional leadership position he needed to acquire modern weaponry to arm his military.


Premise: The subway of New York was first available in what year?

Hypothesis: In 1898, the modern City of New York was formed with the consolidation of Brooklyn (until then a separate city), the County of New York (which then included parts of the Bronx), the County of Richmond, and the western portion of the County of Queens.


Premise: Who established the Royal School of Mines?

Hypothesis: Prince Albert was a patron and supporter of the later developments in science teaching, which led to the Royal College of Chemistry becoming part of the Royal School of Mines, to the creation of the Royal College of Science and eventually to these institutions becoming part of his plan for South Kensington being an educational region.


Premise: What curriculum does the island adapt?

Hypothesis: The UK national curriculum is adapted for local use.


Premise: What was the first plant grouping based on DNA sequencing?

Hypothesis: Despite the study of model plants and increasing use of DNA evidence, there is ongoing work and discussion among taxonomists about how best to classify plants into various taxa.


Premise: What does NADGE stand for?

Hypothesis: The developments during World War II continued for a short time into the post-war period as well.


Premise: What are the means of transportation in the area?

Hypothesis: North Raleigh is an expansive, diverse, and fast-growing suburban area of the city that is home to established neighborhoods to the south along with many newly built subdivisions and along its northern fringes.


Premise: What author espoused the theory of the "pristine unconscious?"

Hypothesis: In his ‘‘Third Force Psychology and the Study of Literature’’, Paris argues “D.H Lawrence’s


Premise: How long does it usually take to be promoted from second to first lieutenant in the USAF?

Hypothesis: Currently, promotion from second lieutenant to first lieutenant is virtually guaranteed after two years of satisfactory service.


Premise: What period resulted in poor weather that increased crop failures?

Hypothesis: The causes of the Great Famine included the slow transition from the Medieval Warm Period to the Little Ice Age, which left the population vulnerable when bad weather caused crop failures.


Premise: EIC was leased back the land they held in British India by what part of the British goverment?

Hypothesis: It introduced substantial governmental control and allowed British India to be formally under the control of the Crown, but leased back to the Company at £40,000 for two years.


Premise: What is the range of accuracy for the free service offered to civilians?

Hypothesis: The free civilian service has a 10-meter location-tracking accuracy, synchronizes clocks with an accuracy of 10 nanoseconds, and measures speeds to within 0.2 m/s.


Premise: What are the three types of transport in Nanjing?

Hypothesis: Different means of transportation constitute a three-dimensional transport system that includes land, water and air.


Premise: What was the monetary base value in 1994?

Hypothesis: Every business day, the Federal Reserve System engages in Open market operations to carry out that monetary policy.


Premise: Which part of the Bible did Kerry find the most moving?

Hypothesis: I was very centered around the Mass and the church."


Premise: In which year did Alfonso III likely die?

Hypothesis: Alfonso died in Zamora, probably in 910.


Premise: With what two countries did Cyprus first demarcate its maritime border?

Hypothesis: Cyprus and Israel demarcated their maritime border in 2010, and in August 2011, the US-based firm Noble Energy entered into a production-sharing agreement with the Cypriot government regarding the block's commercial development.


Premise: Who was invited to the Chicago Divinity school as one of Whitehead's only experts?

Hypothesis: In 1927 they invited one of America's only Whitehead experts – Henry Nelson Wieman – to Chicago to give a lecture explaining Whitehead's thought.


Premise: What authors have suggested Rutherford invited and cultivated opposition for the purpose of publicity?

Hypothesis: Watch Tower Society literature of the period directed that Witnesses should "never seek a controversy" nor resist arrest, but also advised members not to co-operate with police officers or courts that ordered them to stop preaching, and to prefer jail rather than pay fines.


Premise: What is the name of the spy and hero in Ian Fleming's books?

Hypothesis: As described by Fleming in From Russia, with Love: "The Times was the only paper that Bond ever read."


Premise: What is another name for the earthquake in Sichuan?

Hypothesis: It is also known as the Wenchuan earthquake (Chinese: 汶川大地震; pinyin: Wènchuān dà dìzhèn; literally: "Great Wenchuan earthquake"), after the location of the earthquake's epicenter, Wenchuan County, Sichuan.


Premise: What company was a sponsor of the American Idol tour in its ninth season?

Hypothesis: M&M's Pretzel Chocolate Candies was a sponsor of the season nine tour.


Premise: Who were the four permanent members of the League of Nations Council?

Hypothesis: The victorious great powers also gained an acknowledgement of their status through permanent seats at the League of Nations Council, where they acted as a type of executive body directing the Assembly of the League.


Premise: Who was the host of the gathering where Frédéric was introduced to George Sand?

Hypothesis: In 1836, at a party hosted by Marie d'Agoult, Chopin met the French author George Sand (born [Amantine] Aurore [Lucile] Dupin).


Premise: What was the median age?

Hypothesis: For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 94.4 males.


Premise: What book describes Lord and Lady Baden-Powel's visit?

Hypothesis: Lord and Lady Baden-Powell visited the Scouts on Saint Helena on the return from their 1937 tour of Africa.


Premise: What was the gross primary enrollment rate for males?

Hypothesis: The enrollment of boys is higher than that of girls.


Premise: When were the most recent elections in Swaziland?

Hypothesis: The elections are held every five years after dissolution of parliament by the king.


Premise: What radio station format is soft AC often contrasted with?

Hypothesis: Soft AC, which has never minded keeping songs in high rotation literally for years in some cases, does not appear necessarily to be facing similar pressures to expand its format.


Premise: What wood is decay-resistant when wet?

Hypothesis: Elm in particular was used for this purpose as it resisted decay as long as it was kept wet (it also served for water pipe before the advent of more modern plumbing).


Premise: What right was reversed by sijm?

Hypothesis: In the Kingdom of Poland and later in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, ennoblement (nobilitacja) may be equated with an individual given legal status as a szlachta (member of the Polish nobility).


Premise: What maritime advantage did the Kalingans have?

Hypothesis: During the reign of Khārabēḷa, the Chedi dynasty of Kaḷinga ascended to eminence and restored the lost power and glory of Kaḷinga, which had been subdued since the devastating war with Ashoka.


Premise: What was the first samurai armor called?

Hypothesis: As far back as the seventh century Japanese warriors wore a form of lamellar armor, this armor eventually evolved into the armor worn by the samurai.


Premise: What contributed to the exhaustion of crews flying extra sorties?

Hypothesis: The diversion of heavier bombers to the Balkans meant that the crews and units left behind were asked to fly two or three sorties per night.


Premise: In what presidential election year did Schwarzenegger make a name for himself as a prominent Republican?

Hypothesis: He first came to wide public notice as a Republican during the 1988 presidential election, accompanying then-Vice President George H.W. Bush at a campaign rally.


Premise: In which year were English football clubs banned from competition in Europe?

Hypothesis: The Football League First Division, which had been the top level of English football since 1888, was well behind leagues such as Italy's Serie A and Spain's La Liga in attendances and revenues, and several top English players had moved abroad.


Premise: What infrastructure project was part of the National Charter?

Hypothesis: In October 1961, Nasser embarked on a major nationalization program for Egypt, believing the total adoption of socialism was the answer to his country's problems and would have prevented Syria's secession.


Premise: How large was the number of injured in Beichuan County?

Hypothesis: 3,000 to 5,000 people were killed in Beichuan County, Sichuan alone; in the same location, 10,000 people were injured and 80% of the buildings were destroyed.


Premise: What surrounded the neighborhood of Ciudad Vieja?

Hypothesis: A neighbourhood of great significance is Ciudad Vieja, that was surrounded by a protective wall until 1829.


Premise: Who was Detroit's last Republican mayor?

Hypothesis: Detroit's last mayor from the Republican Party was Louis Miriani, who served from 1957 to 1962.


Premise: What was Mayor Young criticized for not reducing?

Hypothesis: As mayor, Young sought to revive the city by seeking to increase investment in the city's declining downtown.


Premise: Besides the ALU, input and output devices, what are the other two main components of a computer?

Hypothesis: These parts are interconnected by buses, often made of groups of wires.


Premise: What group wanted to use violent means to over throw the British rule?

Hypothesis: The Government of India Act 1935 was a major success in this regard.


Premise: Where does the Pindus mountain range end?

Hypothesis: The Pindus range continues through the central Peloponnese, crosses the islands of Kythera and Antikythera and finds its way into southwestern Aegean, in the island of Crete where it eventually ends.


Premise: rapid decompression is more dangerous than what?

Hypothesis: A pressure drop of 13 kPa (100 Torr), which produces no symptoms if it is gradual, may be fatal if it occurs suddenly.


Premise: Parabolic and pointed arches were used in what type of constrcution?

Hypothesis: The pointed arch and its precursors had been employed in Late Roman and Sassanian architecture; within the Roman context, evidenced in early church building in Syria and occasional secular structures, like the Roman Karamagara Bridge; in Sassanid architecture, in the parabolic and pointed arches employed in palace and sacred construction.


Premise: Who based their research on Enrlich's stains works?

Hypothesis: Though it was known in the nineteenth century that bacteria are the cause of many diseases, no effective antibacterial treatments were available.


Premise: What is one of the five functions of NDO support?

Hypothesis: This day-to-day commitment to precise and reliable nuclear operations is the cornerstone of the credibility of the NDO mission.


Premise: What sector provides key communication services?

Hypothesis: The sector provides key communication services, and in the process facilitates job creation and income generation.


Premise: What is one reason a late maturing boy may be less confident when comparing himself to others?

Hypothesis: Studies have shown that early maturing boys are more likely to be sexually active and are more likely to participate in risky behaviors.


Premise: There is an educational facility in Manzini within Swaziland known by the acronym MITC, what does it stand for?

Hypothesis: The main centre for technical training in Swaziland is the Swaziland College of Technology which is slated to become a full university.


Premise: What are the benefits of USB 3.0?

Hypothesis: New features and functionality in Windows 8 include a faster startup through UEFI integration and the new "Hybrid Boot" mode (which hibernates the Windows kernel on shutdown to speed up the subsequent boot), a new lock screen with a clock and notifications, and the ability for enterprise users to create live USB versions of Windows (known as Windows To Go).


Premise: On what film was videoconferencing widely used?

Hypothesis: For example, for the 2013 award-winning animated film Frozen, Burbank-based Walt Disney Animation Studios hired the New York City-based husband-and-wife songwriting team of Robert Lopez and Kristen Anderson-Lopez to write the songs, which required two-hour-long transcontinental videoconferences nearly every weekday for about 14 months.


Premise: On what day did the Kanye's famous George W. Bush criticism take place?

Hypothesis: On September 2, 2005, during a benefit concert for Hurricane Katrina relief on NBC, A Concert for Hurricane Relief, West (a featured speaker) accused President George W. Bush of not "car[ing] about black people".


Premise: On what day in May does the "Brotherhood and Unity" relay race end?

Hypothesis: Every year a "Brotherhood and Unity" relay race is organized in Montenegro, Macedonia and Serbia which ends at the "House of Flowers" in Belgrade on May 25 – the final resting place of Tito.


Premise: Which BBC radio station focuses primarily on black and urban music?

Hypothesis: Black music station BBC Radio 1Xtra was set up to support the rise of home-grown urban music both in London and in the rest of the UK.


Premise: What ensures the safety of nuclear operations?

Hypothesis: Nuclear surety ensures the safety, security and effectiveness of nuclear operations.


Premise: What is the principal sense of night-active mammals?

Hypothesis: With the arrival of night-active mammals, smell replaced vision as the dominant sense, and a different way of responding arose from the olfactory sense, which is proposed to have developed into mammalian emotion and emotional memory.


Premise: How many boroughs did the city consist of when they were first established?

Hypothesis: In place of the municipalities, the Federal District was divided into one "Central Department" and 13 delegaciones (boroughs) administered directly by the government of the Federal District.


Premise: What outlines the responsibilities and provides a plan for coordination during a cyber incident?

Hypothesis: The Action Plan 2010–2015 for Canada's Cyber Security Strategy outlines the ongoing implementation of the strategy.


Premise: How many states are called "Flächenländer"?

Hypothesis: Since today's Germany was formed from an earlier collection of several states, it has a federal constitution, and the constituent states retain a measure of sovereignty.


Premise: Muslims make up how much of the Greek population?

Hypothesis: The Muslim minority in Thrace, which amounts to approximately 0.95% of the total population, consists of speakers of Turkish, Bulgarian (Pomaks) and Romani.


Premise: How much money did Estonia receive from European Union Structural Funds between 2007 and 2013?

Hypothesis: Majority of the European Union financial aid will be invested into to the following fields: energy economies, entrepreneurship, administrative capability, education, information society, environment protection, regional and local development, research and development activities, healthcare and welfare, transportation and labour market.


Premise: What is common about the surviving mosaics from the 7th-9th centuries?

Hypothesis: Unusually almost all represent Saint Demetrius of Thessaloniki, often with suppliants before him.


Premise: When did the torch arrive in Vietnam?

Hypothesis: However to sustain its relationship with China the Vietnamese government has actively sought to head off protests during the torch relay, with Prime Minister Nguyễn Tấn Dũng warning government agencies that "hostile forces" may try to disrupt the torch relay.


Premise: How many non-Germans lived in Thuringia in 2013?

Hypothesis: In July 2013, there were 41,000 non-Germans by citizenship living in Thuringia (1.9% of the population − among the smallest proportions of any state in Germany).


Premise: What insects feed on other insects?

Hypothesis: While birds are perhaps more visible predators of insects, insects themselves account for the vast majority of insect consumption.


Premise: Who designed the bridge?

Hypothesis: The Myriad Gardens will undergo a massive renovation in conjunction with the recently built Devon Tower directly north of it.


Premise: What was the top most used venue?

Hypothesis: The top three most used venues in this period were Villa Park in Birmingham (55 times), Hillsborough in Sheffield (34 times) and Old Trafford in Manchester (23 times).


Premise: What do French historians commonly call the Age of Enlightenment?

Hypothesis: As to its end, most scholars use the last years of the century, often choosing the French Revolution of 1789 or the beginning of the Napoleonic Wars (1804–15) as a convenient point in time with which to date the end of the Enlightenment.


Premise: What was the main focus of the 5th season?

Hypothesis: Despite all that, the setting of the country was still in Japan and the characters were Japanese in the dub.


Premise: Who went with Bell to Montreal?

Hypothesis: Once the family was settled in, both Bell and his father made plans to establish a teaching practice and in 1871, he accompanied his father to Montreal, where Melville was offered a position to teach his System of Visible Speech.


Premise: What year did FOX announce the cancellation of American Idol?

Hypothesis: For an unprecedented eight consecutive years, from the 2003–04 television season through the 2010–11 season, either its performance or result show had been ranked number one in U.S. television ratings.


Premise: How many records did Madonna sell worldwide?

Hypothesis: She was ranked at number two, behind only The Beatles, on the Billboard Hot 100 All-Time Top Artists, making her the most successful solo artist in the history of American singles chart.


Premise: What is usually higher during a monsoon compared throughout the rest of the year?

Hypothesis: During the monsoon, the humidity is much higher than the rest of the year.


Premise: Who did the military arrest?

Hypothesis: A mutiny of military factions in October 2004 resulted in the death of the head of the armed forces and caused widespread unrest.


Premise: What instrument does the mandolin share the same tuning of?

Hypothesis: The international repertoire of music for mandolin is almost unlimited, and musicians use it to play various types of music.


Premise: During which football season did Barcelona win its second treble?

Hypothesis: In the 2014–15 season, Barcelona won another historic treble, making them the first club in European football to win the treble twice.


Premise: What is the average rainfall in Seattle?

Hypothesis: Sixty miles to the south of Seattle, the state capital Olympia, which is out of the Olympic Mountains' rain shadow, receives an annual average precipitation of 50 in (1,270 mm).


Premise: Some North Carolinians still refused to support what after secession?

Hypothesis: Some of the yeoman farmers in the state's mountains and western Piedmont region remained neutral during the Civil War, while some covertly supported the Union cause during the conflict.


Premise: Were the British successful in stopping the building of Fort Duquesne?

Hypothesis: Peaceful British attempts to halt this fort construction were unsuccessful, and the French proceeded to build the fort they named Fort Duquesne.


Premise: What was the average GPA for the accepted students in 2013?

Hypothesis: BYU accepted 49 percent of the 11,423 people who applied for admission in the summer term and fall semester of 2013.


Premise: What was the size of the Notre Dame endowment when Theodore Hesburgh became president?

Hypothesis: The Rev. Theodore Hesburgh, C.S.C., (1917–2015) served as president for 35 years (1952–87) of dramatic transformations.


Premise: What feature of the climate produced a more tropical world?

Hypothesis: The climate was much more humid than the Triassic, and as a result, the world was very tropical.


Premise: Who was defeated in the Battle of the Colline Gate?

Hypothesis: In the Battle of the Colline Gate at the very door of the city of Rome, a Roman army under Sulla bested an army of the Marius supporters and entered the city.


Premise: What is another name used for mammalian hair?

Hypothesis: Although much has been observed about color variation, much of the genetic that link coat color to genes is still unknown.


Premise: What animal did Sumerians use primary to facilitate transportation?

Hypothesis: By the side of the house was an enclosed garden planted with trees and other plants; wheat and probably other cereals were sown in the fields, and the shaduf was already employed for the purpose of irrigation.


Premise: How many major riots between blacks and whites occurred in Charleston in 1876?

Hypothesis: With leadership by members of the antebellum free black community, historian Melinda Meeks Hennessy described the community as "unique" in being able to defend themselves without provoking "massive white retaliation", as occurred in numerous other areas during Reconstruction.


Premise: How many Asian child workers are from India?

Hypothesis: Due to a large number of children being illegally employed, the Indian government began to take extensive actions to reduce the number of children working, and to focus on the importance of facilitating the proper growth and development of children.


Premise: What does "A/D" stand for?

Hypothesis: If the data to be compressed is analog (such as a voltage that varies with time), quantization is employed to digitize it into numbers (normally integers).


Premise: who returned to england after sailing around Cape Comorin?

Hypothesis: The permission was granted, and despite the defeat of the English Armada in 1589, on 10 April 1591 three ships sailed from Torbay around the Cape of Good Hope to the Arabian Sea on one of the earliest English overseas Indian expeditions.


Premise: What scenes did the paintings on homes depict?

Hypothesis: These tombs are particularly numerous in Ireland, where there are many thousand still in existence.


Premise: What is George Ayittey's profession?

Hypothesis: American University economist George Ayittey accused the Arab government of Sudan of practicing acts of racism against black citizens.


Premise: Who placed the chapel's cornerstone?

Hypothesis: The Blessed Virgin was proclaimed patroness of the city under the title of Virgen de los desamparados (Virgin of the Forsaken), and Archbishop Pedro de Urbina, on 31 June 1652, laid the cornerstone of the new chapel of this name.


Premise: From where did Tocqueville believe the illusory power of the men of letters came from?

Hypothesis: This illusory power came from the rise of "public opinion", born when absolutist centralization removed the nobility and the bourgeoisie from the political sphere.


Premise: What has cut the rate of diarrhea disease incidents?

Hypothesis: Given that water contamination is a major means of transmitting diarrheal disease, efforts to provide clean water supply and improved sanitation have the potential to dramatically cut the rate of disease incidence.


Premise: Do people oppose of using the new Webly Stadium?

Hypothesis: This was controversial, with the move seen as both unfair to fans of teams located far from London, as well as taking some of the prestige away from a Wembley final.


Premise: Why did the companies circumvent the authentication system?

Hypothesis: A few unlicensed games released in Europe and Australia came in the form of a dongle that would be connected to a licensed game, in order to use the licensed game's 10NES chip for authentication.


Premise: What is the term for a plant-eating insect?

Hypothesis: Insects were among the earliest terrestrial herbivores and acted as major selection agents on plants.


Premise: Sweating is a product of the arousal of what system?

Hypothesis: For example, the realization of danger and subsequent arousal of the nervous system (e.g. rapid heartbeat and breathing, sweating, muscle tension) is integral to the experience of fear.


Premise: Who relied on night fighters?

Hypothesis: From 1940 to 1941, the most successful night-fighter was the Boulton Paul Defiant; its four squadrons shot down more enemy aircraft than any other type.


Premise: For older adolescents, is sexual activity in a romantic relationship associated with lower or higher levels of deviant behavior?

Hypothesis: Some research suggest that there are genetic causes of early sexual activity that are also risk factors for delinquency, suggesting that there is a group who are at risk for both early sexual activity and emotional distress.


Premise: What animals did Paul VI consider to be "the most beautiful animals God ever created"?

Hypothesis: In the evening he watched a Western on TV, happy only when he saw "horses, the most beautiful animals that God had created."


Premise: Who was Harold Wilson's Defense Secretary?

Hypothesis: In January 1968, a few weeks after the devaluation of the pound, Prime Minister Harold Wilson and his Defence Secretary Denis Healey announced that British troops would be withdrawn from major military bases East of Suez, which included the ones in the Middle East, and primarily from Malaysia and Singapore.


Premise: In what pyramid position is an organism not preyed upon by any other predators?

Hypothesis: An apex predator in one environment may not retain this position as a top predator if introduced to another habitat, such as a dog among alligators, a skunk in the presence of the great horned owl immune to skunk spray, or a snapping turtle among jaguars; a predatory species introduced into an area where it faces no predators, such as a domestic cat or a dog in some insular environments, can become an apex predator by default.


Premise: What astronomical study is important research for Antarctica?

Hypothesis: Compared with meteorites collected in more temperate regions on Earth, the Antarctic meteorites are well-preserved.


Premise: What happens to the body of the wild animal killed?

Hypothesis: However, the Chief Wildlife Warden may, if satisfied that any wild animal from a specified list has become dangerous to human life, or is so disabled or diseased as to be beyond recovery, permit any person to hunt such an animal.


Premise: How much did Adventures of Tintin earn?

Hypothesis: It received generally positive reviews from critics, and grossed over $373 million worldwide.


Premise: How long does the President of Greece serve?

Hypothesis: The nominal head of state is the President of the Republic, who is elected by the Parliament for a five-year term.


Premise: What is Uruguay's oldest theater?

Hypothesis: The Solís Theatre is Uruguay's oldest theatre.


Premise: Which family constructed the Basheer Bagh Palace?

Hypothesis: The other palaces include Falaknuma Palace (inspired by the style of Andrea Palladio), Purani Haveli, King Kothi and Bella Vista Palace all of which were built at the peak of Nizam rule in the 19th century.


Premise: How much more gin than beer was made in England in 1740?

Hypothesis: By 1740 the production of gin had increased to six times that of beer and because of its cheapness it became popular with the poor, leading to the so-called Gin Craze.


Premise: Who did the children work beside?

Hypothesis: Children aged 5–14 worked alongside the parents.


Premise: Did the Lexicon Technicum focus on theological and biographical entries or science and technology?

Hypothesis: Published in 1704, the Lexicon technicum was the first book to be written in English that took a methodical approach to describing mathematics and commercial arithmetic along with the physical sciences and navigation.


Premise: What layer is under the epidermis?

Hypothesis: These are secreted by the one-cell deep epidermis (outermost skin layer).


Premise: When did external digestion develop?

Hypothesis: Animals have a tube (gastrointestinal tract) in which internal digestion occurs, which is more efficient because more of the broken down products can be captured, and the internal chemical environment can be more efficiently controlled.


Premise: The extent of what by the perpetrators was considered in an examination of their activity and level of control?

Hypothesis: In paragraph 13 the judges raise the issue of the perpetrators' access to the victims: "The historical examples of genocide also suggest that the area of the perpetrators’ activity and control, as well as the possible extent of their reach, should be considered. ...


Premise: who was the DJ at Amnesia in the mid 80s?

Hypothesis: But house was also being developed on Ibiza,[citation needed] although no house artists or labels were coming from this tiny island at the time.


Premise: What school disagreed with the principles of the Mimamsa school?

Hypothesis: The metaphysics in Mīmāṃsā school consists of both atheistic and theistic doctrines and the school showed little interest in systematic examination of the existence of God.


Premise: What did the Greek minister of finance clarify the 1999 budget was below when calculated with the ESA79 methodology?

Hypothesis: In the 2005 OECD report for Greece, it was clearly stated that "the impact of new accounting rules on the fiscal figures for the years 1997 to 1999 ranged from 0.7 to 1 percentage point of GDP; this retroactive change of methodology was responsible for the revised deficit exceeding 3% in 1999, the year of [Greece's] EMU membership qualification".


Premise: At what stage does a doctor begin empirical therapy?

Hypothesis: While the microorgainsim is being identified the doctor will usually administer the best choice of antibiotic that will be most active against the likely cause of infection usually a broad spectrum antibiotic.


Premise: What movie, which filmed in Richmond, featured Daniel Day-Lewis?

Hypothesis: Additionally, Richmond is gaining attention from the film and television industry, with several high-profile films shot in the metro region in the past few years, including the major motion picture Lincoln which led to Daniel Day-Lewis's third Oscar, Killing Kennedy with Rob Lowe, airing on the National Geographic Channel and Turn, starring Jamie Bell and airing on AMC.


Premise: What type of feedback mechanism was previously thought to be needed to sustain the clock?

Hypothesis: Previous explanations of the prokaryotic circadian timekeeper were dependent upon a DNA transcription/translation feedback mechanism.[citation needed]


Premise: When a boy is summoned to the Head Master, what is the experience called?

Hypothesis: This is known as the "Bill".


Premise: Are any other birds considered common in the world of poultry?

Hypothesis: Poultry also includes other birds that are killed for their meat, such as the young of pigeons (known as squabs) but does not include similar wild birds hunted for sport or food and known as game.