Premise: What was responsible for maintaining the separation between the gorillas and humans?

Hypothesis: They suggest a population on the order of 125,000 Western Lowland Gorillas, whose isolation from humans has been largely preserved by inhospitable swamps.


Premise: Whose thoughts were impacted by Montesquieu's philosophy?

Hypothesis: During the Age of Enlightenment, philosophers such as John Locke advocated the principle in their writings, whereas others, such as Thomas Hobbes, strongly opposed it.


Premise: What accomplishment in early HDTV did Japan have?

Hypothesis: In addition, recording and reproducing an HDTV signal was a significant technical challenge in the early years of HDTV (Sony HDVS).


Premise: A stepper system's motor is relied on to not do what?

Hypothesis: For instance, when a typical dot matrix computer printer starts up, its controller makes the print head stepper motor drive to its left-hand limit, where a position sensor defines home position and stops stepping.


Premise: What does MYS stand for?

Hypothesis: MYS: Mean years of schooling (Years that a person 25 years-of-age or older has spent in schools)_EYS: Expected years of schooling (Years that a 5-year-old child will spend in schools throughout his life)_GNIpc: Gross national income at purchasing power parity per capita


Premise: When were the problems of the earth and heredity resolved?

Hypothesis: There were serious scientific objections to the process of natural selection as the key mechanism of evolution, including Karl von Nägeli's insistence that a trivial characteristic with no adaptive advantage could not be developed by selection.


Premise: Who advises the Chief of the Defence?

Hypothesis: The Commander-in-Chief of the Canadian Armed Forces is the reigning Canadian monarch, Queen Elizabeth II, who is represented by the Governor General of Canada.


Premise: What is the name of a large facility run by the IMSS in Mexico City?

Hypothesis: The national public healthcare institution for private-sector employees, IMSS, has its largest facilities in Mexico City—including the National Medical Center and the La Raza Medical Center—and has an annual budget of over 6 billion pesos.


Premise: During what time period did the Qing dynasty rule?

Hypothesis: The Qing dynasty (1644–1911) was founded after the fall of the Ming, the last Han Chinese dynasty, by the Manchus.


Premise: What could a criminal in this era expect not to happen if he was convicted of a crime?

Hypothesis: Women, although usually having fewer rights by custom, were allowed to level civil and criminal charges against men.


Premise: What prevented the departure of the planned 1205 expedition?

Hypothesis: Baronial unrest in England prevented the departure of the planned 1205 expedition, and only a smaller force under William Longespée deployed to Poitou.


Premise: What is the driving force behind voluntary green electricity within the EU?

Hypothesis: In the US the main tool to track and stimulate voluntary actions is Green-e program managed by Center for Resource Solutions.


Premise: When did the KMT move back to Nanjing?

Hypothesis: A few days before the fall of the city, the National Government of China was relocated to the southwestern city Chungking (Chongqing) and resumed Chinese resistance.


Premise: What song did Kanye record about his experience with what happened after the wreck?

Hypothesis: The accident inspired West; two weeks after being admitted to the hospital, he recorded a song at the Record Plant Studios with his jaw still wired shut.


Premise: What organization did Montini, Maglione and Tardini belong to?

Hypothesis: Montini was tasked to formulate the replies in the name of Pius XII, expressing his empathy, and understanding and providing help, where possible.


Premise: Who provided the contradictory  population numbers for Greeks abroad ?

Hypothesis: Estimates provided by the SAE - World Council of Hellenes Abroad put the figure at around 7 million worldwide.


Premise: Jehovah Witnesses will allow what in the event of extreme physical abuse or absolute endangerment of spirituality?

Hypothesis: Extreme physical abuse, willful non-support of one's family, and what the religion terms "absolute endangerment of spirituality" are considered grounds for legal separation.


Premise: Who was Michael Mak Kwok-fung?

Hypothesis: A union planned to protest at the relay for better living conditions.


Premise: How many Buddists are outside of Asia?

Hypothesis: According to a demographic analysis reported by Peter Harvey (2013): Mahayana has 360 million adherents; Theravada has 150 million adherents; and Vajrayana has 18,2 million adherents.


Premise: What was the purpose of the Bethe-Feynman formula?

Hypothesis: He and Bethe developed the Bethe–Feynman formula for calculating the yield of a fission bomb, which built upon previous work by Robert Serber.


Premise: What is one way that vegetarians and vegans obtain zinc?

Hypothesis: Major plant sources of zinc include cooked dried beans, sea vegetables, fortified cereals, soyfoods, nuts, peas, and seeds.


Premise: What was the largest brewing company in the world in 2015?

Hypothesis: In 2004 the Belgian Interbrew was the third largest brewery by volume and the Brazilian AmBev was the fifth largest.


Premise: Tito was awarded the Queen of where?

Hypothesis: Some of the other foreign awards and decorations of Josip Broz Tito include Order of Merit, Order of Manuel Amador Guerrero, Order of Prince Henry, Order of Independence, Order of Merit, Order of the Nile, Order of the Condor of the Andes, Order of the Star of Romania, Order of the Gold Lion of the House of Nassau, Croix de Guerre, Order of the Cross of Grunwald, Czechoslovak War Cross, Decoration of Honour for Services to the Republic of Austria, Military Order of the White Lion, Nishan-e-Pakistan, Order of Al Rafidain, Order of Carol


Premise: How long has Tucson's water conservation efforts been underway?

Hypothesis: Additional study is scheduled to determine the amount of water that is lost through evaporation from the open areas, especially during the summer.


Premise: What is one of the Ten Meritorious Deeds of Buddhism?

Hypothesis: Other practices are Ten Meritorious Deeds including, giving charity to reduce the greediness; following ethical precepts; renouncing conventional living and becoming a monastic; the development of mindfulness and practice of meditation; cultivation of higher wisdom and discernment; study of scriptures; devotional practices; ceremonies; and in the Mahayana tradition, invocation of buddhas and bodhisattvas.


Premise: What is said to be a special spiritual problem?

Hypothesis: " Luther calls the members of the Orthodox Catholic Church "papists" and heretics, and has a special spiritual problem with Jewish circumcision.


Premise: What other sports does Kerry participate in?

Hypothesis: He has also been a snowboarder, windsurfer, and sailor.


Premise: Did the Taylor Report on stadiums safety standards propose expensive upgrades to stadiums?

Hypothesis: UEFA, European football's governing body, lifted the five-year ban on English clubs playing in European competitions in 1990 (resulting in Manchester United lifting the UEFA Cup Winners' Cup in 1991) and the Taylor Report on stadium safety standards, which proposed expensive upgrades to create all-seater stadiums in the aftermath of the Hillsborough disaster, was published in January of that year.


Premise: What describes the state of the action of the verb at the time specified by its tense?

Hypothesis: Aspect describes the state of the action at the time specified by the tense.


Premise: Intraguild species consumer other species within?

Hypothesis: An alternative view offered by Richard Dawkins is of predation as a form of competition: the genes of both the predator and prey are competing for the body (or 'survival machine') of the prey organism.


Premise: Where do pipes correspond?

Hypothesis: A USB device could have up to 32 endpoints (16 IN, 16 OUT), though it's rare to have so many.


Premise: What are the two main religions?

Hypothesis: Only 14% of the population speaks Portuguese, established as the official language in the colonial period.


Premise: What club was granted royal patronage?

Hypothesis: The founding message of the club was clearly anti-Barcelona, and they disapprovingly saw FC Barcelona as a team of foreigners.


Premise: What type of people did Trinity College Dublin not allow to earn degrees there?

Hypothesis: Burke's father wanted him to read Law, and with this in mind he went to London in 1750, where he entered the Middle Temple, before soon giving up legal study to travel in Continental Europe.


Premise: What is the reason the northern fringe receives more   cloudiness and rainfall?

Hypothesis: The thin northern fringe of the desert receives more winter cloudiness and rainfall due to the arrival of low pressure systems over the Mediterranean Sea along the polar front, although very attenuated by the rain shadow effects of the mountains and the annual average rainfall ranges from 100 mm (3,93 in) to 250 mm (9,84 in).


Premise: What became the main source of Bermuda's economy in the 1970's?

Hypothesis: By the end of the 1970s, international business had supplanted tourism as the dominant sector of Bermuda's economy (see Economy of Bermuda).


Premise: What is the southern most continent?

Hypothesis: Positioned asymmetrically around the South Pole and largely south of the Antarctic Circle, Antarctica is the southernmost continent and is surrounded by the Southern Ocean; alternatively, it may be considered to be surrounded by the southern Pacific, Atlantic, and Indian Oceans, or by the southern waters of the World Ocean.


Premise: Is Burma now a democratic nation?

Hypothesis: Opinions differ whether the transition to liberal democracy is underway.


Premise: What is the current spectator seating capacity of Twickenham Stadium?

Hypothesis: Twickenham Stadium in south-west London is the national rugby union stadium, and has a capacity of 82,000 now that the new south stand has been completed.


Premise: For how many months did the night raids continue for?

Hypothesis: By the end of November, 1,100 bombers were available for night raids.


Premise: Rove beetle Stenus emit what type of gland secretions?

Hypothesis: Water beetles and water bugs have legs adapted into paddle-like structures.


Premise: In Max Schoop's method, what was used to create the flame-sprayed pattern on the board?

Hypothesis: Development of the methods used in modern printed circuit boards started early in the 20th century.


Premise: What is the heat generated from a Concentrating Solar Power system used for?

Hypothesis: In all of these systems a working fluid is heated by the concentrated sunlight, and is then used for power generation or energy storage.


Premise: What did Montini take charge of responding to on behalf of Pius XII?

Hypothesis: Montini was tasked to formulate the replies in the name of Pius XII, expressing his empathy, and understanding and providing help, where possible.


Premise: What percentage of the 25-34 Cyprus population has tertiary education?

Hypothesis: It is noteworthy that Cyprus currently has the highest percentage of citizens of working age who have higher-level education in the EU at 30% which is ahead of Finland's 29.5%.


Premise: How can electric power plant become more power efficient?

Hypothesis: While the efficiency of power plant generation and diesel locomotive generation are roughly the same in the nominal regime, diesel motors decrease in efficiency in non-nominal regimes at low power  while if an electric power plant needs to generate less power it will shut down its least efficient generators, thereby increasing efficiency.


Premise: What was encouraged through Infitah?

Hypothesis: Even though Sadat's policy was intended to modernise Egypt and assist the middle class, it mainly benefited the higher class, and, because of the elimination of subsidies on basic foodstuffs, led to the 1977 Egyptian Bread Riots.


Premise: Who is the Chief Minister of Norfolk Island?

Hypothesis: The introduction of income taxation will now come into effect on July 1, 2016, with a variation of opinion on the island about these changes but with many understanding that for the island's governance to continue there is a need to pay into the commonwealth revenue pool so that the island can have assistance in supporting its delivery of State government responsibilities such as health, education, medicare, and infrastructure.


Premise: Which contestant garnered the most attention because of a prior recording contract?

Hypothesis: The media focused on the professional status of the season seven contestants, the so-called 'ringers', many of whom, including Kristy Lee Cook, Brooke White, Michael Johns, and in particular Carly Smithson, had prior recording contracts.


Premise: Who lead the Persians into a coalition with the Medes, Babylon, Scythians, and Cimmerians to fight against the Assyrians?

Hypothesis: From the late 10th to late 7th centuries BC, the Iranian peoples, together with the pre-Iranian kingdoms, fell under the domination of the Assyrian Empire, based in northern Mesopotamia.


Premise: The Two highest advertising agencies in the world located in NYC are called what?

Hypothesis: As of 2013, the global advertising agencies of Omnicom Group and Interpublic Group, both based in Manhattan, had combined annual revenues of approximately US$21 billion, reflecting New York City's role as the top global center for the advertising industry, which is metonymously referred to as "Madison Avenue".


Premise: Who advanced Greek Science?

Hypothesis: At this time, Greek cultural influence and power was at its peak in Europe, Africa and Asia, experiencing prosperity and progress in the arts, exploration, literature, theatre, architecture, music, mathematics, philosophy, and science.


Premise: How many countries contain glaciers?

Hypothesis: Mainland Australia currently contains no glaciers, although a small glacier on Mount Kosciuszko was present in the last glacial period.


Premise: What can happen if species immigrate to a new location?

Hypothesis: He remarks that the artificial selection practised by animal breeders frequently produced sharp divergence in character between breeds, and suggests that natural selection might do the same, saying:


Premise: An imbalance in sex hormones, tissue responsiveness, or obesity can cause what in boys?

Hypothesis: Some boys may develop gynecomastia due to an imbalance of sex hormones, tissue responsiveness or obesity.


Premise: Aside from increased perspiration, what is a physiological change related to emotions?

Hypothesis: Emotions can also be experienced at different levels of intensity so that feelings of concern are a low-intensity variation of the primary emotion aversion-fear whereas depression is a higher intensity variant.


Premise: What is the name of a common alloy?

Hypothesis: The term "alloy" is sometimes used in everyday speech as a synonym for a particular alloy.


Premise: What are forensic anthropologists very good at identifying?

Hypothesis: In a 1992 article, anthropologist Norman Sauer noted that anthropologists had generally abandoned the concept of race as a valid representation of human biological diversity, except for forensic anthropologists.


Premise: What governs the ECB?

Hypothesis: The initial capital allocation key was determined in 1998 on the basis of the states' population and GDP, but the key is adjustable.


Premise: What program is being installed in madrasahs in Singapore?

Hypothesis: The JMS aims to introduce the International Baccalaureate (IB) programme into the Madrasah Al-Arabiah Al-Islamiah by 2019.


Premise: In what year did the National Assembly support a crucial bill about "self Management"?

Hypothesis: On 26 June 1950, the National Assembly supported a crucial bill written by Milovan Đilas and Tito about "self-management" (samoupravljanje): a type of cooperative independent socialist experiment that introduced profit sharing and workplace democracy in previously state-run enterprises which then became the direct social ownership of the employees.


Premise: Who was the model for Humboldtian science?

Hypothesis: It helped to install natural history as a separate field, gave base for ecology and was based on the role model of scientist, naturalist and explorer Alexander von Humboldt.


Premise: How much of the Bronx speaks French at home?

Hypothesis: A Garifuna-speaking community from Honduras and Guatemala also makes the Bronx its home.


Premise: What influences water evaporation on leaves?

Hypothesis: These developments, coupled with new methods for measuring the size of stomatal apertures, and the rate of photosynthesis have enabled precise description of the rates of gas exchange between plants and the atmosphere.


Premise: What happened in 1923 that required repairs to many of the city's engineering works?

Hypothesis: The main engineering work on the port occurred between the years 1870 and 1930.


Premise: What counted for more of the population change?

Hypothesis: Bern has a population of 140,634 people and 34% of the population are resident foreign nationals.


Premise: How many pages was Principia Mathematica?

Hypothesis: Whitehead and Russell had thought originally that Principia Mathematica would take a year to complete; it ended up taking them ten years.


Premise: Who supported Darwin's theories on evolution despite it having little impact on his own research?

Hypothesis: Evolution had less obvious applications to anatomy and morphology, and at first had little impact on the research of the anatomist Thomas Henry Huxley.


Premise: What company runs the University of Kansas's bookstore?

Hypothesis: The unions are still the "living rooms" of campus today and include three locations – the Kansas Union and Burge Union at the Lawrence Campus and Jayhawk Central at the Edwards Campus.


Premise: Which law established Ireland's police?

Hypothesis: In Ireland, the Irish Constabulary Act of 1822 marked the beginning of the Royal Irish Constabulary.


Premise: What was the orginal name for Northwestern's Ryan Field?

Hypothesis: Under Walter Dill Scott's presidency from 1920 to 1939, Northwestern began construction of an integrated campus in Chicago designed by James Gamble Rogers to house the professional schools; established the Kellogg School of Management; and built several prominent buildings on the Evanston campus, Dyche Stadium (now named Ryan Field) and Deering Library among others.


Premise: What is the down feathers of geese most commonly used for ?

Hypothesis: The fine down of both is valued for use in pillows and padded garments.


Premise: What has zinc replaced in pipe organs?

Hypothesis: Zinc is the primary metal used in making American one cent coins since 1982.


Premise: Who refused to meet on continental United States?

Hypothesis: This meeting was much publicized because of the General's discourteous refusal to meet the President on the continental United States.


Premise: What is the time limit for completing an Endangered Species Recovery Plan?

Hypothesis: Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) and National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) are required to create an Endangered Species Recovery Plan outlining the goals, tasks required, likely costs, and estimated timeline to recover endangered species (i.e., increase their numbers and improve their management to the point where they can be removed from the endangered list).


Premise: Who won the great battle of Raphia?

Hypothesis: Ptolemy IV won the great battle of Raphia (217 BCE) against the Seleucids, using native Egyptians trained as phalangites.


Premise: On what did a 2009 study conclude that increased insects were dependent?

Hypothesis: cotton farming in China found that after seven years these secondary pests that were normally controlled by pesticide had increased, necessitating the use of pesticides at similar levels to non-Bt cotton and causing less profit for farmers because of the extra expense of GM seeds.


Premise: What is the hierarchy of the Canadian Armed Forces?

Hypothesis: The following is the hierarchy of the Canadian Armed Forces.


Premise: When did external digestion develop?

Hypothesis: External digestion developed earlier in evolutionary history, and most fungi still rely on it.


Premise: Chopin's Polish dance music was developed for what type of hall?

Hypothesis: Chopin's mazurkas, while originating in the traditional Polish dance (the mazurek), differed from the traditional variety in that they were written for the concert hall rather than the dance hall; "it was Chopin who put the mazurka on the European musical map.


Premise: Where was the first figure skating championship held?

Hypothesis: Large hotels were built during the Belle Époque; cog-railways, built early in the 20th century, brought tourists to ever higher elevations, with the Jungfraubahn terminating at the Jungfraujoch, well above the eternal snow-line, after going through a tunnel in Eiger.


Premise: What year did Dell begin production in the Lodz, Poland facility?

Hypothesis: On January 8, 2009, Dell announced that it would move all Dell manufacturing in Limerick to Dell's new plant in the Polish city of Łódź by January 2010.


Premise: Who did Northwestern merge with in 1873?

Hypothesis: In 1873 the Evanston College for Ladies merged with Northwestern, and Frances Willard, who later gained fame as a suffragette and as one of the founders of the Woman's Christian Temperance Union (WCTU), became the school's first dean of women.


Premise: How many overall viewers did the first show of the season generate?

Hypothesis: Season six began on Tuesday, January 16, 2007.


Premise: What is the most widely known event in Swazi culture?

Hypothesis: Swaziland's most well-known cultural event is the annual Umhlanga Reed Dance.


Premise: What can be seen as of essential importance to a practiced of humanism?

Hypothesis: Humanism is a philosophical and ethical stance that emphasizes the value and agency of human beings, individually and collectively, and generally prefers critical thinking and evidence (rationalism, empiricism) over acceptance of dogma or superstition.


Premise: When did work begin on the 105 mm static mounting AA gun?

Hypothesis: However, in 1924 work started on a new 105 mm static mounting AA gun, but only a few were produced by the mid-1930s because by this time work had started on the 90 mm AA gun, with mobile carriages and static mountings able to engage air, sea and ground targets.


Premise: Who was offended by Clinton being referred to as black?

Hypothesis: Some black activists were also offended, claiming that Clinton used his knowledge of black culture to exploit black people for political gain as no other president had before, while not serving black interests.


Premise: How many children were protected from death

Hypothesis: This "brain drain" adds to the existing doctor shortage and pulls away additional trained staff from children and those suffering from other common killers.


Premise: Who was targeted for defrauding the electoral process, in Ohio?

Hypothesis: Kerry would later state that "the widespread irregularities make it impossible to know for certain that the [Ohio] outcome reflected the will of the voters.


Premise: What are exhibition games in the Olympics?

Hypothesis: Several sports leagues hold all-star games to showcase their best players against each other, while other exhibitions games may pit participants from two different leagues or countries to unofficially determine who would be the best in the world.


Premise: After firing the director, what did Barcelona form?

Hypothesis: The next month, Barcelona announced the formation of a new Football Area Technical Commission, made up of vice-president Jordi Mestre, board member Javier Bordas, Carles Rexach and Ariedo Braida.


Premise: Who was the 'father of Armenian history'?

Hypothesis: Early Armenian literature was written by the "father of Armenian history", Moses of Chorene, who authored The History of Armenia.


Premise: What was one of two factors that led von Bredow's narrow success on the battlefield?

Hypothesis: Von Bredow's attack had succeeded only because of an unusually effective artillery bombardment just before the charge, along with favorable terrain that masked his approach.


Premise: Which crime costs over one trillion U.S. dollars every year, world-wide?

Hypothesis: For instance, some political funding practices that are legal in one place may be illegal in another.


Premise: What district is Midtown north of?

Hypothesis: Midtown's anchors are the city's largest single employer Detroit Medical Center, Wayne State University, and the Henry Ford Health System in New Center.


Premise: What city was captured from the Venetians in 1387?

Hypothesis: In the century after the death of Osman I, Ottoman rule began to extend over the Eastern Mediterranean and the Balkans.


Premise: In what year did the Carolingians take over Neustria?

Hypothesis: In the wars that lasted beyond 800, he rewarded allies with war booty and command over parcels of land.


Premise: What was promised by Buda King Casimer?

Hypothesis: the Great issued the first country-wide privilege for the nobility, in exchange for their agreement that in the lack of Casimir's male heirs, the throne would pass to his nephew, Louis I of Hungary.


Premise: When were the Sana'a manuscripts probably written?

Hypothesis: Although biblical books that are letters, like Greek plays, presumably had one original, the question of whether some biblical books, like the Gospels, ever had just one original has been discussed.


Premise: After 1573 who could become a polish-lithuanian monarch?

Hypothesis: Every newly elected king was supposed to sign two documents—the Pacta conventa ("agreed pacts")—a confirmation of the king's pre-election promises, and Henrican articles (artykuły henrykowskie, named after the first freely elected king, Henry of Valois).


Premise: Since what year have the Houston Rockets been a Houston team?

Hypothesis: The Houston Dynamo are a Major League Soccer (MLS) franchise that has been based in Houston since 2006 after they won two MLS Cup titles in 2006 and 2007.


Premise: What became the dominant form of business organization?

Hypothesis: With the creation of a transportation and communication infrastructure, the corporation became the dominant form of business organization and a managerial revolution transformed business operations.


Premise: What type of annelid tunnels through coral?

Hypothesis: Anglers sometimes find that worms are more effective bait than artificial flies, and worms can be kept for several days in a tin lined with damp moss.


Premise: What condition was Napoleon's body in when it was moved in 1840?

Hypothesis: Forshufvud, in a 1978 book with Ben Weider, noted that Napoleon's body was found to be remarkably well preserved when moved in 1840.


Premise: How important do NPOs consider hiring?

Hypothesis: There are reports of major talent shortages in the nonprofit sector today regarding newly graduated workers, and NPOs have for too long relegated hiring to a secondary priority, which could be why they find themselves in the position many do.


Premise: When did the Crown take over the island?

Hypothesis: In 1821, Saul Solomon issued a 70,560 copper tokens worth a halfpenny each Payable at St Helena by Solomon, Dickson and Taylor – presumably London partners – that circulated alongside the East India Company's local coinage until the Crown took over the island in 1836.


Premise: How many employees lost jobs when Dell closed their call center?

Hypothesis: On April 23, 2008, Dell announced the closure of one of its biggest Canadian call-centers in Kanata, Ontario, terminating approximately 1100 employees, with 500 of those redundancies effective on the spot, and with the official closure of the center scheduled for the summer.


Premise: The Luftwaffe lost what percentage of its bombers sent that day?

Hypothesis: The Luftwaffe lost 18 percent of the bombers sent on the operations that day, and failed to gain air superiority.


Premise: Where do colder areas occur within southern Europe?

Hypothesis: Additionally, the north coast of Spain experiences a wetter Atlantic climate.


Premise: What was the designation name of the Sperry device in the US?

Hypothesis: This system of repeater electrical dials built on the arrangements introduced by British coast artillery in the 1880s, and coast artillery was the background of many AA officers.


Premise: The name of New Haven harbor?

Hypothesis: New Haven Harbor is home to the Port of New Haven, a deep-water seaport with three berths capable of hosting vessels and barges as well as the facilities required to handle break bulk cargo.


Premise: Which group became extinct after living in the region for about 12,000 years?

Hypothesis: Homo sapiens reached the region by around 45,000 years ago, having moved eastwards from the Indian subcontinent.


Premise: Planck studied what problem posed originally by Kirchhoff?

Hypothesis: In the last years of the nineteenth century, Planck was investigating the problem of black-body radiation first posed by Kirchhoff some forty years earlier.


Premise: Who described Guinea-Bissau as being at risk for becoming a "narco-state"?

Hypothesis: The nation was described by a United Nations official as being at risk for becoming a "narco-state".


Premise: What method did Ibn Sina introduce?

Hypothesis: Ibn Sina (Avicenna) is regarded as the most influential philosopher of Islam.


Premise: Are there any other areas of America Venezuelans settled in?

Hypothesis: In the 2000s, more Venezuelans opposing the economic and political policies of president Hugo Chávez migrated to the United States (mostly to Florida, but New York City and Houston are other destinations).


Premise: How important is Jesus' death to modern theology?

Hypothesis: According to the substitutionary atonement view, Jesus' death is of central importance, and Jesus willingly sacrificed himself as an act of perfect obedience as a sacrifice of love which pleased God.


Premise: What genre of music was soft rock descended from?

Hypothesis: Soft rock was often derived from folk rock, using acoustic instruments and putting more emphasis on melody and harmonies.


Premise: What is another example of a Gothic style element that was able to be incorporated because of technological innovation?

Hypothesis: It was principally the widespread introduction of a single feature, the pointed arch, which was to bring about the change that separates Gothic from Romanesque.


Premise: As a return to what did Augustus portray the Vestals in his reforms?

Hypothesis: Augustus obtained the pax deorum, maintained it for the rest of his reign and adopted a successor to ensure its continuation.


Premise: What is the Great Depression?

Hypothesis: The Great Depression was a worldwide economic downturn starting in most places in 1929 and ending at different times in the 1930s or early 1940s for different countries.


Premise: Why are the Marshall Islands the most endangered nation on Earth?

Hypothesis: According to the president of Nauru, the Marshall Islands are the most endangered nation in the world due to flooding from climate change.


Premise: In all cases, both host-to-device and device-to-host configurations are what?

Hypothesis: In all cases, both host-to-device and device-to-host configurations are supported.


Premise: What happened when the  Maratha Army lost the third battle of Panipat?

Hypothesis: The "classic period" ended with the death and defeat of Emperor Aurangzeb in 1707 by the rising Hindu Maratha Empire, although the dynasty continued for another 150 years.


Premise: What clans were most regional clans' chiefs also a member of?

Hypothesis: In time, they amassed enough manpower, resources and political backing in the form of alliances with one another, to establish the first samurai-dominated government.


Premise: How much was the German population reduced during the Thirty Years' War?

Hypothesis: It devastated much of Germany, killing between 25% and 40% of its population.


Premise: How many square miles is the island of Iwo Jima?

Hypothesis: The battle of Iwo Jima ("Operation Detachment") in February 1945 was one of the bloodiest battles fought by the Americans in the Pacific War.


Premise: What did Ehrenstein say Obama does for white people?

Hypothesis: His father is a black Kenyan," in a column entitled "What Obama Isn't: Black Like Me."


Premise: Why is adding two characters at the ned of a line problemsome?

Hypothesis: The original Macintosh OS, Apple DOS, and ProDOS, on the other hand, used carriage return (CR) alone as a line terminator; however, since Apple replaced these operating systems with the Unix-based OS X operating system, they now use line feed (LF) as well.


Premise: In what way can Neutral triatomic hydrogen exist?

Hypothesis: H+_3 is one of the most abundant ions in the Universe, and it plays a notable role in the chemistry of the interstellar medium.


Premise: What was the percentage increase in the Broadway ticket revenue from 2012-3 to 2013-4?

Hypothesis: Attendance in 2013–2014 stood at 12.21 million, representing a 5.5% increase from the 2012–2013 season's 11.57 million.


Premise: what is another name for a low-surrogate code point?

Hypothesis: Thus the range of code points that are available for use as characters is U+0000–U+D7FF and U+E000–U+10FFFF (1,112,064 code points).


Premise: In what year was Pannier Market finished?

Hypothesis: The Tinside Pool is situated at the foot of the Hoe and became a grade II listed building in 1998 before being restored to its 1930s look for £3.4 million.


Premise: Where do the Highland Quichuas live?

Hypothesis: Approximately 96.4% of Ecuador's Indigenous population are Highland Quichuas living in the valleys of the Sierra region.


Premise: Because of the increased trade what places became the hubs of German culture?

Hypothesis: The Hanseatic League was not exclusively German in any ethnic sense: many towns who joined the league were outside the Holy Roman Empire and a number of them may only loosely be characterized as German.


Premise: What leader's forces occupied the barracks in Tripoli?

Hypothesis: Gaddafi's Free Officers recognized this as their chance to overthrow the monarchy, initiating "Operation Jerusalem".


Premise: What other title does the Dean of Collge of Cardinals receive upon appointment?

Hypothesis: The Dean of the College of Cardinals in addition to such a titular church also receives the titular bishopric of Ostia, the primary suburbicarian see.


Premise: What was John Wesley's occupation?

Hypothesis: This evangelical movement originated as a revival within the 18th-century Church of England and became a separate Church following Wesley's death.


Premise: What part in the paintings of Matisse did color play?

Hypothesis: Matisse was also one of the first 20th-century artists to make color the central element of the painting, chosen to evoke emotions.


Premise: Who was granted a charter to govern Saint Helena?

Hypothesis: In 1657, Oliver Cromwell granted the English East India Company a charter to govern Saint Helena and the following year the company decided to fortify the island and colonise it with planters.


Premise: How long ago has circumstantial evidence has been found for the existence of angiosperms?

Hypothesis: Oleanane, a secondary metabolite produced by many flowering plants, has been found in Permian deposits of that age together with fossils of gigantopterids.


Premise: In what part of a nobleman's house were plays performed?

Hypothesis: Their plays were performed in the Great Hall of a nobleman's residence, often with a raised platform at one end for the audience and a "screen" at the other for the actors.


Premise: What size are the arcades of Gothic cathedrals of the Iberian Peninsula?

Hypothesis: They are comparatively wide, and often have very tall arcades surmounted by low clerestories, giving a similar spacious appearance to the 'Hallenkirche of Germany, as at the Church of the Batalha Monastery in Portugal.


Premise: What scientist is most associated with the heliocentric worldview?

Hypothesis: This new approach liberated scientific speculation from the dogmatic restraints of Aristotelian science, and paved the way for new approaches.


Premise: What was the highest order of species n land?

Hypothesis: On land, dinosaurs and other reptiles stake their claim as the dominant race of the land, with species such as Dilophosaurus at the top.


Premise: The Orlov Revolt took place in what year?

Hypothesis: Prior to the Greek revolution, there had been a number of wars which saw Greeks fight against the Ottomans, such as the Greek participation in the Battle of Lepanto in 1571, the Epirus peasants' revolts of 1600–1601, the Morean War of 1684–1699, and the Russian-instigated Orlov Revolt in 1770, which aimed at breaking up the Ottoman Empire in favor of Russian interests.[page needed]


Premise: For how long did the Soviet Union go unrecognized?

Hypothesis: Under the leadership of Vladimir Lenin, the Bolsheviks established the Soviet state on 7 November [O.S. 25 October] 1917, immediately after the Russian Provisional Government, which governed the Russian Republic, was overthrown during the October Revolution.


Premise: How long is the rope?

Hypothesis: One or two knots at each end are for keeping hold of the rope while doing the routine.


Premise: What year did the ruling "only a cardinal was eligible to become pope" come in effect?

Hypothesis: There is disagreement about the origin of the term, but general consensus that "cardinalis" from the word cardo (meaning 'pivot' or 'hinge') was first used in late antiquity to designate a bishop or priest who was incorporated into a church for which he had not originally been ordained.


Premise: Which battle did Confederate General Longstreet win in East Tennessee?

Hypothesis: Many of the Confederate defeats can be attributed to the poor strategic vision of General Braxton Bragg, who led the Army of Tennessee from Perryville, Kentucky to another Confederate defeat at Chattanooga.


Premise: How many salaried employees lived in the Paris Region in 2010?

Hypothesis: The Paris Region had 5.4 million salaried employees in 2010, of whom 2.2 million were concentrated in 39 pôles d'emplois or business districts.


Premise: What would be needed to support metadata and obviate the need for tags?

Hypothesis: The MP3 standards do not define tag formats for MP3 files, nor is there a standard container format that would support metadata and obviate the need for tags.


Premise: Who are some of the most renowned architects to come from Portugal?

Hypothesis: Traditional architecture is distinctive and include the Manueline, also known as Portuguese late Gothic, a sumptuous, composite Portuguese style of architectural ornamentation of the first decades of the 16th century.


Premise: What is the traditional Carnival food?

Hypothesis: The traditional Carnival food is fritule, a pastry.


Premise: The court cast was rather popular due to which person on the case?

Hypothesis: The case, Ricci v. DeStefano, became highly publicized and brought national attention to New Haven politics due to the involvement of then-Supreme Court nominee (and Yale Law School graduate)


Premise: What area does INTIME department stores have the most influence in?

Hypothesis: Since the opening policy in 1979, the Chinese department stores also develops swiftly along with the fast-growing economy.


Premise: When did the expulsion of Jews from Spain and Portugal occur?

Hypothesis: In addition, there is a differentiation made between Sephardi migrants who established themselves in the Middle East and North Africa after the expulsion of the Jews from Spain and Portugal in the 1490s and the pre-existing Jewish communities in those regions.


Premise: What produced a parallel revolution in political thought?

Hypothesis: During this same period, the socialist movement began to form.


Premise: What detrimental effects are varmint species often responsible for visiting on?

Hypothesis: Which species are varmints depends on the circumstance and area.


Premise: Who heads the Himachal Pradesh?

Hypothesis: He is assisted by the officers of the Himachal Police Service and other Himachal Police officials.


Premise: What was one dynasty that provided a great atmosphere for cultural development?

Hypothesis: The Samanid dynasty in the eastern part of Persia, Greater Khorasan and Central Asia as well as the Buyid dynasty in the western part of Persia and Iraq provided a thriving atmosphere for scholarly and cultural development.


Premise: Besides offering money, what else did Comcast include in their proposal to buy Disney?

Hypothesis: The main reason for the buyout attempt was so that Comcast could acquire Disney's 80 percent stake in ESPN, which a Comcast executive called "the most important and valuable asset" that Disney owned.


Premise: How old was Kanye's mother when she died?

Hypothesis: Beverly Hills plastic surgeon Andre Aboolian had refused to do the surgery because West had a health condition that placed her at risk for a heart attack.


Premise: What was the nationality of Carl Lange?

Hypothesis: Lange was a Danish physician and psychologist.


Premise: What nickname are residents of Mexico given that more reflects the Spanish influence of the city?

Hypothesis: Residents of Mexico City are more recently called defeños (deriving from the postal abbreviation of the Federal District in Spanish: D.F., which is read "De-Efe").


Premise: What force might damage a PCB if large components are surface mounted?

Hypothesis: Through-hole manufacture adds to board cost by requiring many holes to be drilled accurately, and limits the available routing area for signal traces on layers immediately below the top layer on multi-layer boards since the holes must pass through all layers to the opposite side.


Premise: When did the first group of people leave Norfolk Island?

Hypothesis: A small party remained to slaughter stock and destroy all buildings, so that there would be no inducement for anyone, especially from other European powers, to visit and lay claim to the place.


Premise: Which papers did Morgan serve as editor of?

Hypothesis: Television personality Piers Morgan, a former editor of the Daily Mirror and of The Sun's Bizarre pop column, has said that during the late 1980s, at Kelvin MacKenzie's behest, he was ordered to speculate on the sexuality of male pop stars for a feature headlined "The Poofs of Pop".


Premise: What was Beyonce's third perfume named?

Hypothesis: Beyoncé's third fragrance, Pulse, was launched in September 2011.


Premise: What is the capital of Swaziland?

Hypothesis: The University of Swaziland, Southern African Nazarene University, Swaziland Christian University are the institutions that offer university education in the country.


Premise: What sort of language system is phonology?

Hypothesis: This is one of the fundamental systems which a language is considered to comprise, like its syntax and its vocabulary.


Premise: What type of clay improves the characteristics of the pulps used in papermaking?

Hypothesis: Besides the fibres, pulps may contain fillers such as chalk or china clay, which improve its characteristics for printing or writing.


Premise: What is Caoshu?

Hypothesis: Indeed, this desire by the Kuomintang to simplify the Chinese writing system (inherited and implemented by the Communist Party of China) also nursed aspirations of some for the adoption of a phonetic script based on the Latin script, and spawned such inventions as the Gwoyeu Romatzyh.


Premise: Which new regime appeared in the Balkan region during the Late Middle Ages?

Hypothesis: In the Balkans, the Ottoman Empire, a Turkish state originating in Anatolia, encroached steadily on former Byzantine lands, culminating in the Fall of Constantinople in 1453.


Premise: Which oceans did the sub base provide access to?

Hypothesis: In addition, the Soviets provided Germany with access to the Northern Sea Route for both cargo ships and raiders (though only the commerce raider Komet used the route before the German invasion), which forced Britain to protect sea lanes in both the Atlantic and the Pacific.


Premise: In what year did Wigner win Nobel Prize?

Hypothesis: This was one of the best schools in Budapest, part of a brilliant education system designed for the elite.


Premise: Along with Reims, where is a notable Gothic cathedral in France located?

Hypothesis: Classic examples of Gothic architecture include Chartres Cathedral and Reims Cathedral in France as well as Salisbury Cathedral in England.


Premise: What was the only coin with any silver content in circulation from 1965 to 1970?

Hypothesis: In addition, an experimental $4.00 (Stella) coin was also minted in 1879, but never placed into circulation, and is properly considered to be a pattern rather than an actual coin denomination.


Premise: What is solar energy's yearly potential?

Hypothesis: The large magnitude of solar energy available makes it a highly appealing source of electricity.


Premise: When was Milestone 2 divulged?

Hypothesis: Milestone 2, Build 7955, was leaked on April 25, 2011.


Premise: In what year was a statue dedicated to Freddie Mercury unveiled in Montreux?

Hypothesis: On 25 November 1996, a statue of Mercury was unveiled in Montreux overlooking Lake Geneva, almost five years to the day since his death.


Premise: What country had to wait until June of 2007 for their PS3?

Hypothesis: The console was launched in South Korea on June 16, 2007, as a single version equipped with an 80 GB hard drive and IPTV.


Premise: What other country besides the United States became a super power after World War II?

Hypothesis: World War II holds a special place in the American psyche as the country's greatest triumph, and the U.S. military personnel of World War II are frequently referred to as "the Greatest Generation."


Premise: In terms of a beach, why might one see a red flag?

Hypothesis: Red flags are also used to symbolize storms, bad water conditions, and many other dangers.


Premise: What was the criticism of Humanism made by conservatives of the time?

Hypothesis: It is my deep conviction that pure humanism will be the religion of the future, that is, the cult of all that pertains to humanity—all of life, sanctified and raised to the level of a moral value."


Premise: Who is usually responsible for early stages of drug discovery?

Hypothesis: A great deal of early-stage drug discovery has traditionally been carried out by universities and research institutions.


Premise: Does the United Grand Lodge of England recognize Prince Hall Lodges?

Hypothesis: While celebrating their heritage as lodges of black Americans, Prince Hall is open to all men regardless of race or religion.


Premise: How does Japanese wrestling differ?

Hypothesis: Despite the similarity to its American counterpart in that the outcome of the matches remains predetermined, the phenomena are different in the form of the psychology and presentation of the sport; it is treated as a full contact combat sport as it mixes hard hitting martial arts strikes with shoot style submission holds, while in the U.S. it is rather more regarded as an entertainment show.


Premise: What years were the worst mortgage loans originated?

Hypothesis: The worst loans were originated in 2004–2007, the years of the most intense competition between securitizers and the lowest market share for the GSEs.


Premise: The controversy surrounding the subject of predestination is known as what?

Hypothesis: In the first years of the Republic, controversy arose within the Reformed Church, mainly around the subject of predestination.


Premise: How long is the maximum cable length the USB 2.0 provides?

Hypothesis: The USB 2.0 specification requires that cable delay be less than 5.2 ns per meter (192 000 km/s, which is close to the maximum achievable transmission speed for standard copper wire).


Premise: How did 19th century scholars view the Hellenistic period?

Hypothesis: The focus on the Hellenistic period over the course of the 19th century by scholars and historians has led to an issue common to the study of historical periods; historians see the period of focus as a mirror of the period in which they are living.


Premise: What organization is the Plymouth Borough Police a part of?

Hypothesis: The city has one of the Devon and Cornwall Area Crown Prosecution Service Divisional offices.


Premise: Where did Martin Luther preach a sermon on Marian devotion a month before his death?

Hypothesis: Important to him was the belief that Mary and the saints do live on after death. "


Premise: When was Holyhead County School established?

Hypothesis: In 1946, for example, Walworth School was one of five 'experimental' comprehensive schools set up by the London County Council


Premise: What suggests that the commercialization of clean energy will hellp countries deal with economic malaise?

Hypothesis: New government spending, regulation, and policies helped the industry weather the 2009 economic crisis better than many other sectors.


Premise: What was the Luftwaffe's second primary policy?

Hypothesis: Luftwaffe policy at this point was primarily to continue progressive attacks on London, chiefly by night attack; second, to interfere with production in the vast industrial arms factories of the West Midlands, again chiefly by night attack; and third to disrupt plants and factories during the day by means of fighter-bombers.


Premise: How long did germans have to relocate from the baltic states after the amendment of secret protocols?

Hypothesis: It also covered the migration to Germany within two and a half months of ethnic Germans and German citizens in Soviet-held Baltic territories, and the migration to the Soviet Union of Baltic and "White Russian" "nationals" in German-held territories.


Premise: Dean's admiration for internet campaigning accredited his strength as what?

Hypothesis: Dean's strength as a fund raiser was attributed mainly to his embrace of the Internet for campaigning.


Premise: Who did Paul Morley collaborate with on the Art of Noise?

Hypothesis: Morley's own musical collaboration with engineer Gary Langan and programmer J. J. Jeczalik, the Art of Noise, would attempt to bring sampled and electronic sounds to the pop mainstream.


Premise: How old was Queen Victoria upon her death?

Hypothesis: She died on Tuesday, 22 January 1901, at half past six in the evening, at the age of 81.


Premise: What term is interchangeable with "sapwood"?

Hypothesis: Sapwood (or alburnum) is the younger, outermost wood; in the growing tree it is living wood, and its principal functions are to conduct water from the roots to the leaves and to store up and give back according to the season the reserves prepared in the leaves.


Premise: How many times has Daniel Craig portrayed James Bond in films?

Hypothesis: Daniel Craig returned for his fourth appearance as James Bond, while Ralph Fiennes, Naomie Harris and Ben Whishaw reprised their roles as M, Eve Moneypenny and Q respectively, having been established in Skyfall.


Premise: How many times has Crystal Palce hosted the FA cup?

Hypothesis: In the 51 years prior to the Empire Stadium opening, the final (including 8 replays) was held in a variety of locations, predominantly in London, and mainly at the Kennington Oval and then Crystal Palace.


Premise: As what did the Dvaita school view dualism?

Hypothesis: The distinguishing factor of Dvaita philosophy, as opposed to monistic Advaita Vedanta, is that God takes on a personal role and is seen as a real eternal entity that governs and controls the universe.


Premise: What does the University of Arizona Poetry Center offer?

Hypothesis: Examples are the Chax Press, a publisher of poetry books in trade and book arts editions, and the University of Arizona Poetry Center, which has a sizable poetry library and presents readings, conferences, and workshops.


Premise: The Cheltenham Literature Festival is supported by what major newspaper?

Hypothesis: It also sponsors the Cheltenham Literature Festival and the Asia House Festival of Asian Literature at Asia House, London.


Premise: What kind of role is the head of state in Westminster-based parliamentary governments?

Hypothesis: In such systems, the head of state or the head of state's official representative (i.e. the monarch, president, or governor-general) usually holds a largely ceremonial position, although often with reserve powers.


Premise: Where was a temple dedicated to Apollo Medicus?

Hypothesis: A temple was dedicated to Apollo Medicus at Rome, probably next to the temple of Bellona.


Premise: What was Northwestern's founding purpose in 1851?

Hypothesis: Its founding purpose was to serve the Northwest Territory, an area that today includes the states of Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Michigan, Wisconsin and parts of Minnesota.


Premise: How does the Quran describe the similarity of messages God has delivered throughout human history?

Hypothesis: According to the Quran, God communicated with man and made his will known through signs and revelations.


Premise: Prior to the popularity of lethal injection, what was the preferred method of executing criminals in America?

Hypothesis: Electrocution was the preferred method of execution during the 20th century.


Premise: During World War II, the Soviet double agent who was corresponding for The Times in Spain in the 1930s later joined what agency?

Hypothesis: Kim Philby, a Soviet double agent, was a correspondent for the newspaper in Spain during the Spanish Civil War of the late 1930s.


Premise: When was Leonardo Bruni's "History of the Florentine People" published?

Hypothesis: Leonardo Bruni was the first historian to use tripartite periodization in his History of the Florentine People (1442).


Premise: Who played a key role Australian mandolin movement?

Hypothesis: He was born Harry Skinner in Sydney in 1903 and started learning music at age 10 when his uncle tutored him on the banjo.


Premise: What language did Muslim philosophers speak?

Hypothesis: Access to Greek texts from the Byzantine Empire, along with Indian sources of learning, provided Muslim scholars a knowledge base to build upon.


Premise: What is the name of the tour bus that shows off the monuments of Mexico City?

Hypothesis: There is a double-decker bus, known as the "Turibus", that circles most of these sites, and has timed audio describing the sites in multiple languages as they are passed.


Premise: What encoding did early Macs use?

Hypothesis: This encoding was and still is widely used in UNIX-like operating systems.


Premise: What was Antarctica presumed to be by the ancient thinkers?

Hypothesis: However, belief in the existence of a Terra Australis—a vast continent in the far south of the globe to "balance" the northern lands of Europe, Asia and North Africa—had existed since the times of Ptolemy (1st century AD), who suggested the idea to preserve the symmetry of all known landmasses in the world.


Premise: What was Nasser's father's occupation?

Hypothesis: Nasser's father was a postal worker born in Beni Mur in Upper Egypt and raised in Alexandria, and his mother's family came from Mallawi, el-Minya.


Premise: What musical comedy did Beyoncé star in along with Cuba Gooding, Jr. in 2003?

Hypothesis: In 2003, Beyoncé starred opposite Cuba Gooding, Jr., in the musical comedy The Fighting Temptations as Lilly, a single mother whom Gooding's character falls in love with.


Premise: What two northern Vietnamese cities did the US avoid bombing at the outset of the war?

Hypothesis: The military history of the American side of the war involved different strategies over the years.


Premise: What was the rank of the pilot of the downed U-2?

Hypothesis: Captain Francis Gary Powers had bailed out of his aircraft and was captured after parachuting down onto Russian soil.


Premise: What sort of conservative was Eisenhower?

Hypothesis: He was a moderate conservative who continued New Deal agencies and expanded Social Security.


Premise: LEDs are often used for what type of systems?

Hypothesis: Barcode scanners are the most common example of machine vision, and many low cost products use red LEDs instead of lasers.


Premise: Ivan Broz stated that a Dalmatian identifiying as a Serb was just as foreign as what two other ethnicities?

Hypothesis: A Croatian follower of Vuk Karadžić, Ivan Broz, noted that for a Dalmatian to identify oneself as a Serb was seen as foreign as identifying oneself as Macedonian or Greek.


Premise: What is the mental health facility is located in New Haven?

Hypothesis: Smaller downtown health facilities are the Temple Medical Center located downtown on Temple Street, Connecticut Mental Health Center/ across Park Street from Y-NHH, and the Hill Health Center, which serves the working-class Hill neighborhood.


Premise: Which well known performer has used Sanskrit chants in her music?

Hypothesis: The lyrics of "The Child In Us" by Enigma also contains Sanskrit verses.[better source needed].


Premise: How many Plymouth residents are employed in defense?

Hypothesis: Since the 1980s, employment in the defence sector has decreased substantially and the public sector is now prominent particularly in administration, health, education, medicine and engineering.


Premise: For how long has the National Archives prohibited flash photography?

Hypothesis: For over 30 years the National Archives have forbidden flash photography but the advent of cameras with automatic flashes have made the rules increasingly difficult to enforce.


Premise: Name an example of an early stem-bird.

Hypothesis: Many of these early "stem-birds", such as Archaeopteryx, were not yet capable of fully powered flight, and many retained primitive characteristics like toothy jaws in place of beaks, and long bony tails.


Premise: How many current students take Chinese courses at Eaton?

Hypothesis: In the 1970s, there was just one school computer, in a small room attached to the science buildings.


Premise: Who won several award for his Monroe influenced music?

Hypothesis: Other major bluegrass mandolinists who emerged in the early 1950s and are still active include Jesse McReynolds (of Jim and Jesse) who invented a syncopated banjo-roll-like style called crosspicking—and Bobby Osborne of the Osborne Brothers, who is a master of clarity and sparkling single-note runs.


Premise: What type of influences did Brigham Young hope to avoid with BYU?

Hypothesis: On October 16, 1875, Brigham Young, then president of the LDS Church, personally purchased the Lewis Building after previously hinting that a school would be built in Draper, Utah in 1867.


Premise: What were Harlan and Stewart's party affiliations?

Hypothesis: In selecting a Chief Justice, Eisenhower looked for an experienced jurist who could appeal to liberals in the party as well as law-and-order conservatives, noting privately that Warren "represents the kind of political, economic, and social thinking that I believe we need on the Supreme Court ...


Premise: What famous speech did Patrick Henry give in Richmond?

Hypothesis: During the American Civil War, Richmond served as the capital of the Confederate States of America.


Premise: When did Napoleon's invasion of Portugal begin?

Hypothesis: On 17 October 1807, 24,000 French troops under General Junot crossed the Pyrenees with Spanish cooperation and headed towards Portugal to enforce Napoleon's orders.


Premise: Which of the Five-Factor Model dimensions does not demonstrate an association with drinking motives?

Hypothesis: Greater enhancement motives for alcohol consumption tend to reflect high levels of extraversion and sensation-seeking in individuals; such enjoyment motivation often also indicates low conscientiousness, manifesting in lowered inhibition and a greater tendency towards aggression.


Premise: Before the advent of talking pictures, what was the name of the first movie in Myanmar and when was it 's debut ?

Hypothesis: The first Burmese silent film Myitta Ne Thuya (Love and Liquor) in 1920 which proved a major success, despite its poor quality due to a fixed camera position and inadequate film accessories.


Premise: What does the Google Book Search project help libraries with?

Hypothesis: The Mary and Leigh Block Museum of Art is a major art museum in Chicago, containing more than 4,000 works in its permanent collection as well as dedicating a third of its space to temporary and traveling exhibitions.


Premise: How far did Jessica Sanchez make it on American Idol?

Hypothesis: Jessica Sanchez received the fewest number of votes during the Top 7 week, and the judges decided to use their "save" option on her, making her the first female recipient of the save.


Premise: How many college football bowl championships have the Tennessee Volunteers won?

Hypothesis: Meanwhile, the men's basketball team has won four SEC championships and reached the NCAA Elite Eight in 2010.


Premise: When was the oldest Paris theater founded?

Hypothesis: The oldest and most famous Paris theatre is the Comédie-Française, founded in 1680.


Premise: What were the three offshoots of Cubism formed in France?

Hypothesis: Early Futurist paintings hold in common with Cubism the fusing of the past and the present, the representation of different views of the subject pictured at the same time, also called multiple perspective, simultaneity or multiplicity, while Constructivism was influenced by Picasso's technique of constructing sculpture from separate elements.


Premise: Who published an improved translation of On the Origin of Species in 1867?

Hypothesis: Darwin corresponded closely with Julius Victor Carus, who published an improved translation in 1867.


Premise: What term did Obama want the government to stop using?

Hypothesis: In March 2009, the Obama administration requested that Pentagon staff members avoid use of the term, instead using "Overseas Contingency Operation".


Premise: What must Link collect?

Hypothesis: Link is soon freed by an imp-like Twilight being named Midna, who dislikes Link but agrees to help him if he obeys her unconditionally.


Premise: Who said "The mlecchas are wedded to the creations of their own fancy."

Hypothesis: The mlecchas are wedded to the creations of their own fancy." and the creators of flying machines that are generally called vimanas.


Premise: What are the series of events that ended centuries of prosperity in Europe, starting around 1300, known as?

Hypothesis: Collectively these events are sometimes called the Crisis of the Late Middle Ages.


Premise: Which of the New Critics were staffed at Yale?

Hypothesis: Of the New Critics, Robert Penn Warren, W.K. Wimsatt, and Cleanth Brooks were all Yale faculty.


Premise: Beyoncé was the second African American woman featured as a swimsuit cover on the magazine, who was first?

Hypothesis: In 2007, Beyoncé was featured on the cover of the Sports Illustrated Swimsuit Issue, becoming the second African American woman after Tyra Banks, and People magazine recognized Beyoncé as the best-dressed celebrity.


Premise: What is zinc chemically close to?

Hypothesis: In some respects zinc is chemically similar to magnesium: its ion is of similar size and its only common oxidation state is +2.


Premise: During what period did the governmental monopolies become privatized once again?

Hypothesis: By Eastern Han times, the central government monopolies were repealed in favor of production by commandery and county administrations, as well as private businessmen.


Premise: What might a partially conscious wrestler do?

Hypothesis: This often results in pins that can easily be kicked out of, if the defensive wrestler is even slightly conscious.


Premise: What plague made it to England because of all the ships visiting Southampton in the 14th century?

Hypothesis: In 1348, the Black Death reached England via merchant vessels calling at Southampton.


Premise: What is the Policia Judiciaria - PJ (Judicial Police)?

Hypothesis: Portugal's main police organizations are the Guarda Nacional Republicana – GNR (National Republican Guard), a gendarmerie; the Polícia de Segurança Pública – PSP (Public Security Police), a civilian police force who work in urban areas; and the Polícia Judiciária – PJ (Judicial Police), a highly specialized criminal investigation police that is overseen by the Public Ministry.


Premise: What do a variety of industries obtain benefit from?

Hypothesis: A variety of industries benefit from hunting and support hunting on economic grounds.


Premise: Why are children from suburban communities more likely to participate in activies that benefit their identity?

Hypothesis: A child from a more privileged upbringing is exposed to more opportunities and better situations in general.


Premise: How many years did it take Blu-ray and HD-DVD players to duplicate MUSE technology?

Hypothesis: The MUSE players were also capable of playing standard NTSC format discs and are superior in performance to non-MUSE players even with these NTSC discs.


Premise: After the Great Fire of 1835, what became the most widespread building materials?

Hypothesis: In the 1800s, the city required their installation on buildings higher than six stories to prevent the need for excessively high water pressures at lower elevations, which could break municipal water pipes.


Premise: What does the foundation entity focus on

Hypothesis: The trust section manages "the investment assets and transfer proceeds to the foundation as necessary to achieve the foundation's charitable goals"—it holds the assets of Bill and Melinda Gates, who are the sole trustees, and receives contributions from Buffett.


Premise: Which great lake is Northwestern located along?

Hypothesis: Its founding purpose was to serve the Northwest Territory, an area that today includes the states of Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Michigan, Wisconsin and parts of Minnesota.


Premise: How is a consociational state defined by the Constitution of 1848?

Hypothesis: A 1980 initiative calling for the complete separation of church and state was rejected by 78.9% of the voters.


Premise: What style of gardens did Marx design?

Hypothesis: The Brazilian landscape architect Roberto Burle Marx designed landmark modernist gardens for some of the principal buildings.


Premise: Who was the most frequent primary payer amount children and adults?

Hypothesis: In 2010, Medicaid was the most frequent primary payer among children and adults aged 18–44 years in the United States; private insurance was the second most frequent payer.


Premise: Who gave Chopin money in the last years of his life?

Hypothesis: Thereafter, during the last 18 years of his life, he gave only some 30 public performances, preferring the more intimate atmosphere of the salon.


Premise: What was Irina Margareta Nistor's job in Romania?

Hypothesis: A visitor from the west gave her bootlegged copies of American movies, which she dubbed for secret viewings through Romania.


Premise: Can the antenna serve more than one fungtion at a time?

Hypothesis: For example, the "receiving pattern" (sensitivity as a function of direction) of an antenna when used for reception is identical to the radiation pattern of the antenna when it is driven and functions as a radiator.


Premise: What was John Marshall's title?

Hypothesis: Chief Justice John Marshall (joined by Justice Joseph Story) took a similar position in 1827: "When its existence as law is denied, that existence cannot be proved by showing what are the qualities of a law."


Premise: There is a theory that in Greek Alpes is a name of what origin?

Hypothesis: According to the Old English Dictionary, the Latin Alpes might possibly derive from a pre-Indo-European word *alb "hill"; "Albania" is a related derivation.


Premise: What ultimately caused the Qin dynasty's authority to be dissolved?

Hypothesis: The Qin unified the Chinese Warring States by conquest, but their empire became unstable after the death of the first emperor Qin Shi Huangdi.


Premise: Where is LED lighting very well suited?

Hypothesis: Since LED efficacy is inversely proportional to operating temperature, LED technology is well suited for supermarket freezer lighting.


Premise: In what fields of science is the genome studied?

Hypothesis: In modern molecular biology and genetics, the genome is the genetic material of an organism.


Premise: What feature does Southampton have plenty of that provides for water sports and yachting?

Hypothesis: The city provides for yachting and water sports, with a number of marinas.


Premise: What made a strong economic case for investing in low carbon technologies?

Hypothesis: According to a trend analysis from the United Nations Environment Programme, climate change concerns coupled with recent high oil prices and increasing government support are driving increasing rates of investment in the renewable energy and energy efficiency industries.


Premise: How many double bass players were typically used in the Baroque orchestra?

Hypothesis: For example, while a Baroque orchestra may have had two double bass players, a Romantic orchestra could have as many as ten. "


Premise: Along with Bing Crosby, Dean Martin, Nat King Cole, The Carpenters, Percy Faith and Andy Williams, who is an artist played on AC stations around Christmastime but not otherwise?

Hypothesis: While these tend mostly to be contemporary seasonal recordings by the same few artists featured under the normal format, most stations will also air some vintage holiday tunes from older pop, MOR, and adult standards artists – such as Nat King Cole, Bing Crosby, Dean Martin, The Carpenters, Percy Faith, Johnny Mathis and Andy Williams


Premise: When was the first written mention of immunity as it pertains to the body?

Hypothesis: Thucydides noted that people who had recovered from a previous bout of the disease could nurse the sick without contracting the illness a second time.


Premise: When was the British Museum in Bloomsbury founded?

Hypothesis: In 1824 the National Gallery was founded to house the British national collection of Western paintings; this now occupies a prominent position in Trafalgar Square.


Premise: What king of Macedon aided the pirate Demetrius of Pharos?

Hypothesis: Roman entanglement in the Balkans began when Illyrian piratical raids on Roman merchants led to invasions of Illyria (the First and, Second Illyrian Wars).


Premise: What is the Drosophila gene the cause of?

Hypothesis: A defect in the human homologue of the Drosophila "period" gene was identified as a cause of the sleep disorder FASPS (Familial advanced sleep phase syndrome), underscoring the conserved nature of the molecular circadian clock through evolution.


Premise: Who determines the content taught in Arabic public schools?

Hypothesis: State-appointed committees, not private mosques or religious scholars outside the government, determine the curriculum and accreditation of new schools and colleges.


Premise: Along with fishermen, what sort of Japanese people visited the Marshalls?

Hypothesis: After the Meiji Restoration (1868), the Japanese government adopted a policy of turning the Japanese Empire into a great economic and military power in East Asia.


Premise: What year was research completed to demonstrate humans benefited by having dogs hunt with them?

Hypothesis: Anthropologists believe the most significant benefit would have been the use of dogs' robust sense of smell to assist with the hunt.


Premise: Who authored "Syntheism - Creating God in the Internet Age"?

Hypothesis: In fact, process theology is difficult to define because process theologians are so diverse and transdisciplinary in their views and interests.


Premise: What cannot be violated because the expression is dishonest according to the new Statement on Academic Freedom?

Hypothesis: In 1992, the university drafted a new Statement on Academic Freedom, specifying that limitations may be placed upon "expression with students or in public that: (1) contradicts or opposes, rather than analyzes or discusses, fundamental Church doctrine or policy; (2) deliberately attacks or derides the Church or its general leaders; or (3) violates the Honor Code because the expression is dishonest, illegal, unchaste, profane, or unduly disrespectful of others."


Premise: What is another word for ligatures?

Hypothesis: Encoding of any new ligatures in Unicode will not happen, in part because the set of ligatures is font-dependent, and Unicode is an encoding independent of font variations.


Premise: What law did Obama cite on Sep 9, 2014?

Hypothesis: The following day on 10 September 2014 President Barack Obama made a televised speech about ISIL, which he stated "Our objective is clear: We will degrade, and ultimately destroy, ISIL through a comprehensive and sustained counter-terrorism strategy".


Premise: Who was the creator of salt water taffy?

Hypothesis: In 1883, salt water taffy was conceived in Atlantic City by David Bradley.


Premise: What was the term for the liberal groups appearing at this time?

Hypothesis: FBI records show that 85% of COINTELPRO resources targeted groups and individuals that the FBI deemed "subversive", including communist and socialist organizations; organizations and individuals associated with the Civil Rights Movement, including Martin Luther King, Jr. and others associated with the Southern Christian Leadership Conference, the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, and the Congress of Racial Equality and other civil rights organizations; black nationalist groups; the American Indian Movement; a broad range of organizations labeled "New Left", including Students for a Democratic Society and the Weathermen; almost all groups protesting the Vietnam War, as well as individual student demonstrators with no group affiliation; the National Lawyers Guild; organizations and individuals associated with the women's rights movement; nationalist groups such as those seeking independence for Puerto Rico, United Ireland, and Cuban exile movements including Orlando Bosch's Cuban Power and the Cuban Nationalist Movement.


Premise: What did the TRIPS agreement accomplish?

Hypothesis: In 2001, the WTO adopted the Doha Declaration, which indicates that the TRIPS agreement should be read with the goals of public health in mind, and allows some methods for circumventing pharmaceutical monopolies: via compulsory licensing or parallel imports, even before patent expiration.


Premise: Which new regime appeared in the Balkan region during the Late Middle Ages?

Hypothesis: The Late Middle Ages represented a period of upheaval in Europe.


Premise: Who was Waitz influential among?

Hypothesis: It was the 2nd society dedicated to general anthropology in existence.


Premise: What is the most common pattern of migration in the spring?

Hypothesis: Of course, in the southern hemisphere the directions are reversed, but there is less land area in the far south to support long-distance migration.


Premise: What does a video-conference use that allows communication in live situations?

Hypothesis: A videoconference (also known as a videoteleconference) allows two or more locations to communicate via live, simultaneous two-way video and audio transmissions.


Premise: How many vehicles use the roads?

Hypothesis: Most of Europe's highest railways are located there.


Premise: Along with houses of dressed stone, what ancient architecture may have been influenced by Egypt?

Hypothesis: The ancient Puntites were a nation of people that had close relations with Pharaonic Egypt during the times of Pharaoh Sahure and Queen Hatshepsut.


Premise: What new short range systems did the British naval use?

Hypothesis: The Rapier missile system was the primary GBAD system, used by both British artillery and RAF regiment, a few brand-new FIM-92 Stinger were used by British special forces.


Premise: During the 2010 United States Census what percentage of Atlantic City's population was White?

Hypothesis: The racial makeup of the city was 26.65% (10,543) White, 38.29% (15,148)


Premise: What kind of connection is provided on the iPod Shuffle for both audio output and file transfer?

Hypothesis: As of the first-generation iPod Nano and the fifth-generation iPod Classic, Apple discontinued using FireWire for data transfer (while still allowing for use of FireWire to charge the device) in an attempt to reduce cost and form factor.


Premise: Which state has the lowest tax burden of the entire US?

Hypothesis: This allows it to have the lowest individual tax burden in the United States.


Premise: Under what command did they serve?

Hypothesis: The Canadian Crown-in-Council then decided to send its forces into the Second World War, as well as the Korean War.


Premise: What is one scheme of Quantum Dot excitation?

Hypothesis: The structure of QD-LEDs used for the electrical-excitation scheme is similar to basic design of OLEDs.


Premise: What does 'esperienza' mean?

Hypothesis: The Italian word he used for "experiment" was esperienza.


Premise: When was Thomas Jefferson's Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom enacted?

Hypothesis: Thomas Jefferson's influential Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom was enacted in 1786, five years before the Bill of Rights.


Premise: What is Neptune's atmosphere primarily composed of?

Hypothesis: However, its interior, like that of Uranus, is primarily composed of ices and rock, and hence Uranus and Neptune are normally considered "ice giants" to emphasise this distinction.


Premise: Who walked out of the U.N. security meeting?

Hypothesis: The Korean War began in 1950, when the Soviets walked out of a U.N. Security meeting, removing their possible veto.


Premise: What is it called when light damages beer that is not in a can?

Hypothesis: A technology developed by Crown Holdings for the 2010 FIFA World Cup is the 'full aperture' can, so named because the entire lid is removed during the opening process, turning the can into a drinking cup.


Premise: How many bus lines does the STIF oversee?

Hypothesis: Paris is a major rail, highway, and air transport hub.


Premise: What was one of the first times the Supreme Court tried a case regarding nondelegation?

Hypothesis: One of the earliest cases involving the exact limits of non-delegation was Wayman v. Southard 23 U.S. (10 Wet.)


Premise: In which two systems can Indigenous education be used?

Hypothesis: Indigenous education refers to the inclusion of indigenous knowledge, models, methods, and content within formal and non-formal educational systems.


Premise: What counterpart of earlywood are scientists still trying to explain the formation of?

Hypothesis: No satisfactory explanation can as yet be given for the exact mechanisms determining the formation of earlywood and latewood.


Premise: What did Katura Horton-Perinchief do?

Hypothesis: In those Olympics, Bermuda's Katura Horton-Perinchief made history by becoming the first black female diver to compete in the Olympic Games.


Premise: Why have people reported zinc intoxication?

Hypothesis: With the new zinc pennies, there is the potential for zinc toxicosis, which can be fatal.


Premise: How man Armenians resided in Azerbaijan in 1970?

Hypothesis: About 484,000 Armenians lived in Azerbaijan in 1970.


Premise: By how much did Dell cut it's margins when it cut its prices?

Hypothesis: In 2006, Dell cut its prices in an effort to maintain its 19.2% market share.


Premise: What occurs in the climatic conditions of Himachal?

Hypothesis: The state has areas like Dharamsala that receive very heavy rainfall, as well as those like Lahaul and Spiti that are cold and almost rainless.


Premise: What kind of influence did the British Crown have over the rest of India that was not under Company rule?

Hypothesis: The Crown controlled the Company's lands directly and had considerable indirect influence over the rest of India, which consisted of the Princely states ruled by local royal families.


Premise: Who was the final Hindu monarch of Sindh?

Hypothesis: The early Islamic literature indicates that the conquest of India was one of the very early ambitions of the Muslims, though it was recognized as a particularly difficult one.


Premise: What was the first consumer VLP player?

Hypothesis: The first consumer player, the Magnavox VH-8000 even had the VLP logo on the player.


Premise: What names were used by The Sun to characterize the French and Germans?

Hypothesis: The Sun has been openly antagonistic towards other European nations, particularly the French and Germans.


Premise: When did the United States land forces on Okinawa?

Hypothesis: The Japanese, with 115,000 troops augmented by thousands of civilians on the heavily populated island, did not resist on the beaches—their strategy was to maximize the number of soldier and Marine casualties, and naval losses from Kamikaze attacks.


Premise: How large was the displacement?

Hypothesis: On May 20, USGS seismologist Tom Parsons warned that there is "high risk" of a major M>7 aftershock over the next weeks or months.


Premise: In the story told by mystic Rabbi Elijah of Chelm, one of the German's family members rescued Jews in Palestine and carried them back to where in order to repay a previous favor?

Hypothesis: Further evidence of German communities in the holy city comes in the form of halakhic questions sent from Germany to Jerusalem during the second half of the 11th century.


Premise: Which dynasty of Ur was the last great Sumerian renaissance?

Hypothesis: Later, the 3rd dynasty of Ur under Ur-Nammu and Shulgi, whose power extended as far as southern Assyria, was the last great "Sumerian renaissance", but already the region was becoming more Semitic than Sumerian, with the rise in power of the Akkadian speaking Semites in Assyria and elsewhere, and the influx of waves of Semitic Martu (Amorites) who were to found several competing local powers including Isin, Larsa, Eshnunna and eventually Babylon.


Premise: How many Buddhists are there in 2010?

Hypothesis: According to them, there was a fast annual growth of Buddhism in Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, Lebanon and several Western European countries (1910–2010).


Premise: When was the shooting?

Hypothesis: Victoria was outraged when he was found not guilty by reason of insanity, but was so pleased by the many expressions of loyalty after the attack that she said it was "worth being shot at—to see how much one is loved".


Premise: What market analyst firm said Sony could make the PlayStation 3 profitable by August 2008?

Hypothesis: In January 2008, Kaz Hirai, CEO of Sony Computer Entertainment, suggested that the console may start making a profit by early 2009, stating that, "the next fiscal year starts in April and if we can try to achieve that in the next fiscal year that would be a great thing" and that "[profitability] is not a definite commitment, but that is what I would like to try to shoot for".


Premise: What is this union seen as

Hypothesis: This was the start of a long period of stagnation of trade and development in Utrecht.


Premise: Political instability has resulted in what type of economic activity?

Hypothesis: It takes longer on average to register a new business in Guinea-Bissau (233 days or about 33 weeks) than in any other country in the world except Suriname.


Premise: Where does Greenwich Mean Time marked?

Hypothesis: London contains four World Heritage Sites: the Tower of London; Kew Gardens; the site comprising the Palace of Westminster, Westminster Abbey, and St Margaret's Church; and the historic settlement of Greenwich (in which the Royal Observatory, Greenwich marks the Prime Meridian, 0° longitude, and GMT).


Premise: Which Queen tour was the first to feature Spike Edney?

Hypothesis: That year, Queen began The Works Tour, the first tour to feature keyboardist Spike Edney as an extra live musician.


Premise: What is measuring and storing loudness of an MP3 file also known as?

Hypothesis: ReplayGain is a standard for measuring and storing the loudness of an MP3 file (audio normalization) in its metadata tag, enabling a ReplayGain-compliant player to automatically adjust the overall playback volume for each file.


Premise: The newer constitution divide power among what branches of government?

Hypothesis: Executive power is vested in a president, who is elected to a five-year term by universal suffrage and is limited to two terms.


Premise: With which team did Barcelona have a 1-1 draw in the 2015-16 Copa del Rey?

Hypothesis: On 10 February, qualifying for the sixth Copa del Rey final in the last eight seasons, Luis Enrique’s Barcelona broke the club's record of 28 consecutive games unbeaten in all competitions set by Guardiola’s team in the 2010–11 season, with a 1–1 draw with Valencia in the second leg of the 2015–16 Copa del Rey.


Premise: Who wrote 'The Grand Concourse'?

Hypothesis: Similarly, in Avery Corman's book The Old Neighborhood (1980), an upper-middle class white protagonist returns to his birth neighborhood (Fordham Road and the Grand Concourse), and learns that even though the folks are poor, Hispanic and African-American, they are good people.


Premise: What year was Dell's Tennessee facility opened?

Hypothesis: Assembly of desktop computers for the North American market formerly took place at Dell plants in Austin, Texas (original location) and Lebanon, Tennessee (opened in 1999), which have been closed in 2008 and early 2009, respectively.


Premise: Along with quantum physics generally, what scientific doctrine caused some physicists to embrace idealism?

Hypothesis: Idealist notions took a strong hold among physicists of the early 20th century confronted with the paradoxes of quantum physics and the theory of relativity.


Premise: In what year did Arsenal move to Holloway?

Hypothesis: In 2006, they moved to the Emirates Stadium in nearby Holloway.


Premise: When was a Home Rule bill passed?

Hypothesis: A second Home Rule bill was also defeated for similar reasons.


Premise: Who took up arms in support of Madero?

Hypothesis: Madero supporter Toribio Ortega took up arms with a group of followers at Cuchillo Parado, Chihuahua on November 10, 1910.


Premise: How is sensitivity shown in the ISO systems?

Hypothesis: These ISO standards were subsequently adopted by DIN as well.


Premise: What monocot plant produces "wood" by the same name that's often used for flooring and veneer?

Hypothesis: Of these, bamboo, botanically a member of the grass family, has considerable economic importance, larger culms being widely used as a building and construction material in their own right and, these days, in the manufacture of engineered flooring, panels and veneer.


Premise: Who was elected for the Sutton and Devonport constitutency in 2015?

Hypothesis: In the 2015 general election all three constituencies returned Conservative MPs, who were Oliver Colvile (for Devon South West), Gary Streeter (for Sutton and Devonport) and Johnny Mercer for Moor View.


Premise: On what service were some shows removed as a result of issues over rights?

Hypothesis: Consequently, some rights concerns have needed to be resolved with programme providers such as Hollywood studios and sporting organisations, which have expressed concern about the unencrypted signal leaking out.


Premise: Why may some memory retrieval processes fail?

Hypothesis: In the first stage the information must be changed so that it may be put into the encoding process.


Premise: What country did the Laws of the Game come from?

Hypothesis: The Laws of the Game were originally codified in England by The Football Association in 1863.


Premise: What award did Kanye capture at the 2015 MTV VMAs?

Hypothesis: On August 30, 2015, West was presented with the Michael Jackson Video Vanguard Award at the MTV Video Music Awards.


Premise: In what SI unit is the capacitance reported on smaller capacitors?

Hypothesis: Smaller capacitors like ceramics, however, use a shorthand consisting of three numeric digits and a letter, where the digits indicate the capacitance in pF (calculated as XY × 10Z for digits XYZ) and the letter indicates the tolerance (J, K or M for ±5%, ±10% and ±20% respectively).


Premise: Where was TR2 built?

Hypothesis: In contrast, the Theatre Royal's production and education centre, TR2, which was built on wasteland at Cattedown, was a runner-up for the RIBA Stirling Prize for Architecture in 2003.


Premise: What is involved with White-box testing?

Hypothesis: In white-box testing an internal perspective of the system, as well as programming skills, are used to design test cases.


Premise: What was Antonin Dvorak's New York home replaced with after it was demolished?

Hypothesis: The house was razed by Beth Israel Medical Center after it received approval of a 1991 application to demolish the house and replace it with an AIDS hospice.


Premise: What effect does bronchial thermoplasty have?

Hypothesis: For those with severe persistent asthma not controlled by inhaled corticosteroids and LABAs, bronchial thermoplasty may be an option.


Premise: What neighborhood houses the headquarters of Miami Today?

Hypothesis: The Miami Herald is Miami's primary newspaper with over a million readers and is headquartered in Downtown in Herald Plaza.


Premise: Why do motors have little space for insulation?

Hypothesis: Because transformers (prior to the development of power electronics) cannot step down DC voltages, trains were supplied with a relatively low DC voltage that the motors can use directly.


Premise: When was the first meteorite found in Antarctica?

Hypothesis: Meteorites from Antarctica are an important area of study of material formed early in the solar system; most are thought to come from asteroids, but some may have originated on larger planets.


Premise: Who keeps a weather station in Cork?

Hypothesis: Met Éireann maintains a climatological weather station at Cork Airport, a few kilometres south of the city.


Premise: How did supply-side economics try to increase the amount of money in the market?

Hypothesis: In the 1970s, monetarism has adapted into supply-side economics which advocates reducing taxes as a means to increase the amount of money available for economic expansion.


Premise: Which version of evolutionary theory is easiest to use when explaining predation as competition?

Hypothesis: This is best understood in the context of the gene centered view of evolution.


Premise: Fpr what possession of Prussia was the Saxony invasion a distraction?

Hypothesis: First, he would seize Saxony and eliminate it as a threat to Prussia, then using the Saxon army and treasury to aid the Prussian war effort.


Premise: What can scientists learn from the fossil record?

Hypothesis: The new photosynthetic plants (along with their algal relatives) accelerated the rise in atmospheric oxygen started by the cyanobacteria, changing the ancient oxygen-free, reducing, atmosphere to one in which free oxygen has been abundant for more than 2 billion years.


Premise: What resources do developed countries have better access to?

Hypothesis: One merely needs to see through travel or the media how many people in the undeveloped countries live to sense this.


Premise: What was the benefit of 45/45 stereo sound?

Hypothesis: Stereophonic sound recording, which attempts to provide a more natural listening experience by reproducing the spatial locations of sound sources in the horizontal plane, was the natural extension to monophonic recording, and attracted various alternative engineering attempts.


Premise: What does MP3 use to format it's data?

Hypothesis: MPEG-1 or MPEG-2 Audio Layer III, more commonly referred to as MP3, is an audio coding format for digital audio which uses a form of lossy data compression.


Premise: Who led the team of lawyers and scientists who crafted the Endangered Species Act of 1973?

Hypothesis: It was written by a team of lawyers and scientists, including the first appointed head of the Council on Environmental Quality (CEQ),an outgrowth of NEPA


Premise: What is the earliest known angiosperm?

Hypothesis: However, one study has suggested that the early-middle Jurassic plant Schmeissneria, traditionally considered a type of ginkgo, may be the earliest known angiosperm, or at least a close relative.


Premise: What is the average January low temperature in downtown San Diego?

Hypothesis: The climate in San Diego, like most of Southern California, often varies significantly over short geographical distances resulting in microclimates.


Premise: What is the climate like on the summits?

Hypothesis: The mountain system has no axis of dominating altitudes, but in every portion the summits rise to rather uniform heights, and, especially in the central section, the various ridges and intermontane valleys have the same trend as the system itself.


Premise: In what year was Rome conquered?

Hypothesis: Rivalry in a scramble for empires spread in what is known as The Age of Empire.


Premise: What gun size was relined to take 13-pounder shells?

Hypothesis: All armies soon deployed AA guns often based on their smaller field pieces, notably the French 75 mm and Russian 76.2 mm, typically simply propped up on some sort of embankment to get the muzzle pointed skyward.


Premise: When was this further endorsed by the CTIA?

Hypothesis: The Wireless Association, with the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) announcing on 22 October 2009 that it had also embraced the Universal Charging Solution as its "energy-efficient one-charger-fits-all new mobile phone solution," and added: "Based on the Micro-USB interface, UCS chargers will also include a 4-star or higher efficiency rating—up to three times more energy-efficient than an unrated charger."


Premise: If Link is not moving, where will he put the projectile he's carrying?

Hypothesis: For example, if Link is holding a rock, the context-sensitive button will cause Link to throw the rock if he is moving or targeting an object or enemy, or place the rock on the ground if he is standing still.[f]


Premise: Because of the relay issues, IOC decided to no longer have what in subsequent Olympics?

Hypothesis: The outcome of the relay influenced the IOC's decision to scrap global relays in future editions of the games.


Premise: In what year did Roc-A-Fella make Kanye West known?

Hypothesis: West got his big break in the year 2000, when he began to produce for artists on Roc-A-Fella Records.


Premise: As MPEG-3 had a different meaning, what was the name given to the extension of MPEG-2?

Hypothesis: MPEG-2.5 was not developed by MPEG and was never approved as an international standard.


Premise: Who mentored contestants in the fourteenth and fifteenth seasons of American Idol?

Hypothesis: Beginning in the tenth season[citation needed], permanent mentors were brought in during the live shows to help guide the contestants with their song choice and performance.


Premise: What type of social structure did the Ottoman Empire have?

Hypothesis: Although scholars such as Goffman have argued that the Ottomans were highly tolerant and lived in a pluralistic society, it seems that schools that were the main centres for learning were in fact heftily religious and were not religiously pluralistic, but centred around Islam.


Premise: When was the Georgia Constitution amended to add Article IV, Section 10?

Hypothesis: No one religious society shall ever be established in this state, in preference to another; nor shall any person be denied the enjoyment of any civil right merely on account of his religious principles."


Premise: When was Detroit incorporated?

Hypothesis: Beginning with its incorporation in 1802, Detroit has had a total of 74 mayors.


Premise: What were researchers in 2011 able to use as a successful attack vector?

Hypothesis: Connected cars may use wifi and bluetooth to communicate with onboard consumer devices, and the cell phone network to contact concierge and emergency assistance services or get navigational or entertainment information; each of these networks is a potential entry point for malware or an attacker.


Premise: When did Kanye West start dating Kim Kardashian?

Hypothesis: West began dating reality star and longtime friend Kim Kardashian in April 2012.


Premise: What are 2 metals that can be absorbed in an ultra high vacuum system?

Hypothesis: In ultra high vacuum systems, some very "odd" leakage paths and outgassing sources must be considered.


Premise: What is one action this monarch took that is typically left to the discretion of parliament?

Hypothesis: During the eleven years of personal rule that followed, Charles performed legally dubious actions, such as raising taxes without parliament's approval.


Premise: Who owns the Waldorf Astoria?

Hypothesis: In October 2014, the Anbang Insurance Group, based in China, purchased the Waldorf Astoria New York for US$1.95 billion, making it the world's most expensive hotel ever sold.


Premise: In what month was the second generation of the Digital Monsters Released?

Hypothesis: The toy began as the simple concept of a Tamagotchi mainly for boys.


Premise: What garment was worn by male gendered adults to convey their status as a citizen of Rome?

Hypothesis: The woman's stola differed in looks from a toga, and was usually brightly coloured.


Premise: When did Shiba Yoshimasa die?

Hypothesis: Feudal lords such as Shiba Yoshimasa (1350–1410 AD) stated that a warrior looked forward to a glorious death in the service of a military leader or the Emperor: "It is a matter of regret to let the moment when one should die pass by....


Premise: What seige did these victories lead to?

Hypothesis: A Government of National Defence declared the Third Republic in Paris on 4 September and continued the war and for another five months, the German forces fought and defeated new French armies in northern France.


Premise: What would be the benefit of Unicode decomposing  ideographs?

Hypothesis: This would have greatly reduced the number of required code points, while allowing the display of virtually every conceivable ideograph (which might do away with some of the problems caused by Han unification).


Premise: What became a symbol of the Zionist reconstruction?

Hypothesis: It became a symbol of the Zionist reconstruction and of the ability to experience joy amidst austerity.


Premise: How many uninsured New Yorkers take advantage of HHC?

Hypothesis: HHC's MetroPlus Health Plan is one of the New York area's largest providers of government-sponsored health insurance and is the plan of choice for nearly half million New Yorkers.