Premise: How long do the current notes measure?

Hypothesis: The "large-sized notes" issued before 1928 measured 7.42 inches (188 mm) by 3.125 inches (79.4 mm); small-sized notes, introduced that year, measure 6.14 inches (156 mm) by 2.61 inches (66 mm) by 0.0043 inches (0.11 mm).


Premise: What body of water is Valencia located on?

Hypothesis: The Port of Valencia is the 5th busiest container port in Europe and the busiest container port on the Mediterranean Sea.


Premise: Who wrote the Ordinances of 1541?

Hypothesis: Following the excommunication of Luther and condemnation of the Reformation by the Pope, the work and writings of John Calvin were influential in establishing a loose consensus among various groups in Switzerland, Scotland, Hungary, Germany and elsewhere.


Premise: When did the mandolin's poplarity rebound?

Hypothesis: Beginning with the Paris Exposition of 1878, the instrument's popularity rebounded.


Premise: When is Oklahoma city sever weather season begin?

Hypothesis: Oklahoma City has a very active severe weather season from March through June, especially during April and May.


Premise: When sea levels rose what occured in the British Isles area?

Hypothesis: From 14,000 to 10,000 years ago, as the ice melted, sea levels rose separating Ireland from Great Britain and also creating the Isle of Man.


Premise: What do scholars say the preaspirated [ʰp ʰt ʰk] are too?

Hypothesis: Icelandic and Faroese have preaspirated [ʰp ʰt ʰk]; some scholars interpret these as consonant clusters as well.


Premise: Around how many French were killed, injured, or taken prisoner in the Battle of Borodino?

Hypothesis: Although the French had won, the Russian army had accepted, and withstood, the major battle Napoleon had hoped would be decisive.


Premise: Which BYU station offers content in both Spanish and Portugese?

Hypothesis: BYUtv is also available via cable throughout some areas of the United States.


Premise: When did was Myanmar ruled by the Taungoo Dynasty ?

Hypothesis: In the 16th century, reunified by the Taungoo Dynasty, the country was for a brief period the largest empire in the history of Southeast Asia.


Premise: What was the name of Callimachus' catalog at the library of Alexandria?

Hypothesis: He also wrote a massive catalog of the holdings of the library of Alexandria, the famous Pinakes.


Premise: Whose government did the guilds rebel against?

Hypothesis: The revolt was an anti-monarchist, anti-feudal autonomist movement inspired by the Italian republics, and a social revolt against the nobility who had fled the city before an epidemic of plague in 1519.


Premise: What typically happens when a match is won?

Hypothesis: The music played during the ring entrance will usually mirror the wrestler's personality.


Premise: During what years did the Song dynasty occur?

Hypothesis: During the Song dynasty (906–1279), officials of the top three ranks wore purple clothes; those of the fourth and fifth wore bright red; those of the sixth and seventh wore green; and the eighth and ninth wore blue.


Premise: At what location was the North African campaign planned?

Hypothesis: The campaign in North Africa was designated Operation Torch and was planned underground within the Rock of Gibraltar.


Premise: Which group did Tito order his forces to assist?

Hypothesis: Despite conflicts with the rival monarchic Chetnik movement, Tito's Partisans succeeded in liberating territory, notably the "Republic of Užice".


Premise: What consumer trend has hurt many personal computer manufacturers?

Hypothesis: This has been attributed, in part, to the success of the iPod and the iPhone, a halo effect whereby satisfied iPod or iPhone owners purchase more Apple products, and Apple has since capitalized on that with the iCloud cloud service that allows users to seamlessly sync data between these devices and Macs.


Premise: What styles are modern Portuguese poetry rooted in?

Hypothesis: Particularly popular and distinguished is José Saramago, recipient of the 1998 Nobel Prize in Literature.


Premise: What did Albert complain about in letters to Victoria after the birth of her children?

Hypothesis: For example, about a month after Leopold's birth Albert complained in a letter to Victoria about her "continuance of hysterics" over a "miserable trifle".


Premise: Where is Russian an official language?

Hypothesis: Russian belongs to the family of Indo-European languages and is one of the three living members of the East Slavic languages.


Premise: Former German territory that lie east of the Oder-Neisse Line went under which countries administration?

Hypothesis: However, no attempts were made to establish new states in these territories as they lay outside the jurisdiction of West Germany at that time.


Premise: Did he think he would be gone a long time?

Hypothesis: In the meanwhile, Julian, who seems to have become suddenly jealous of the influence that Athanasius was exercising at Alexandria, addressed an order to Ecdicius, the Prefect of Egypt, peremptorily commanding the expulsion of the restored primate, on the ground that he had never been included in the imperial act of clemency.


Premise: In what country was the Battle of Austerlitz fought?

Hypothesis: Desperate to lure the Allies into battle, Napoleon gave every indication in the days preceding the engagement that the French army was in a pitiful state, even abandoning the dominant Pratzen Heights near the village of Austerlitz.


Premise: What is the policy in the Muslim world on depicting Mohammed?

Hypothesis: Images of Mohammed are likewise prohibited.


Premise: What type of trees are on Purple Mountain?

Hypothesis: Natural lakes such as Xuanwu Lake and Mochou Lake are located in the centre of the city and are easily accessible to the public, while hills like Purple Mountain are covered with evergreens and oaks and host various historical and cultural sites.


Premise: Which pope that preceded Paul VI was noted for his warmth and humor?

Hypothesis: In doing so, Paul VI saw himself following in the footsteps of the Apostle Paul, torn to several directions as Saint Paul, who said, "I am attracted to two sides at once, because the Cross always divides."


Premise: Who had tried to enact a law that places a limit on the amount of property any single individual could possess?

Hypothesis: Tiberius Gracchus was elected tribune in 133 BC.


Premise: What was Premier Wen Jiabao's background in?

Hypothesis: Just 90 minutes after the earthquake, Premier Wen Jiabao, who has an academic background in geomechanics, flew to the earthquake area to oversee the rescue work.


Premise: What determines the order in which suras are placed in the Quran?

Hypothesis: Suras are arranged roughly in order of decreasing size.


Premise: Have the changes in Burmese law been of benefit to the country in international views ?

Hypothesis: As of July 2013, about 100 political prisoners remain imprisoned, while conflict between the Burmese Army and local insurgent groups continues.


Premise: How much energy was the Solar Two able to store using salts?

Hypothesis: Solar energy can also be stored at high temperatures using molten salts.


Premise: The Directorate of Analysis has an office dedicated to what country?

Hypothesis: The Directorate of Analysis produces all-source intelligence investigation on key foreign and intercontinental issues relating to powerful and sometimes anti-government sensitive topics.


Premise: Where is the GDP of Thuringia?

Hypothesis: Until 2004, Thuringia was one of the weakest regions within the European Union.


Premise: Materialism does not define what?

Hypothesis: The materialist view is perhaps best understood in its opposition to the doctrines of immaterial substance applied to the mind historically, famously by René Descartes.


Premise: What setback happened to Sao Paula in 2012?

Hypothesis: São Paulo was first commissioned in 1963 by the French Navy as Foch and was transferred in 2000 to Brazil, where she became the new flagship of the Brazilian Navy.


Premise: What was the goal of the CAF during the cold war?

Hypothesis: Toward that end, Canadian ground and air forces were based in Europe from the early 1950s until the early 1990s.


Premise: Along with hot, soft, urban and Christian AC, what is another prominent time of adult contemporary music?

Hypothesis: Some stations play only "hot AC", "soft AC", or only one of the variety of subgenres.


Premise: Who do drug reps market to?

Hypothesis: In some countries, notably the US, they are allowed to advertise directly to the general public.


Premise: What is the 'Early Modern period" known as in Japan?

Hypothesis: In Japan, the Edo period from 1600 to 1868 is also referred to as the early modern period.


Premise: What is another name for the race to the Dan?

Hypothesis: This campaign is known as "The Race to the Dan" or "The Race for the River."


Premise: Who was the first woman to hold a belt that wasn't exclusive to women?

Hypothesis: Also, ODB's kayfabe husband and tag team partner Eric Young held the Knockouts Tag Team Championship for a record 478 days before it was stripped by Brooke Hogan because Young was a male.


Premise: What part of Roman religious practice involved secrecy?

Hypothesis: Imported mystery religions, which offered initiates salvation in the afterlife, were a matter of personal choice for an individual, practiced in addition to carrying on one's family rites and participating in public religion.


Premise: What was only an English translation of Latin Oriens and Orientalis, "the land of the rising sun"?

Hypothesis: That "east" in turn was only an English translation of Latin Oriens and Orientalis, "the land of the rising sun," used since Roman times for "east."


Premise: On which season of Saturday Night Live did Queen perform?

Hypothesis: Most of the album was recorded in Munich during the most turbulent period in the band's history, and Taylor and May lamented the new sound, with both being very critical of the influence Mercury's personal manager Paul Prenter had on the singer.


Premise: Where did the Northern Xiongnu flee to in AD 91?

Hypothesis: After the Northern Xiongnu fled into the Ili River valley in AD 91, the nomadic Xianbei occupied the area from the borders of the Buyeo Kingdom in Manchuria to the Ili River of the Wusun people.


Premise: What body of water was dredged for the material used for reclamation?

Hypothesis: Today's Eastern Docks were created in the 1830s by land reclamation of the mud flats between the Itchen & Test estuaries.


Premise: Which companies did Nintendo try to get to make a CD add-on for the SNES?

Hypothesis: During the SNES's life, Nintendo contracted with two different companies to develop a CD-ROM-based peripheral for the console to compete with Sega's CD-ROM based addon, Mega-CD.


Premise: Alloys of zinc mixed with copper, aluminium and magnesium are marketed as what?

Hypothesis: Alloys of primarily zinc with small amounts of copper, aluminium, and magnesium are useful in die casting as well as spin casting, especially in the automotive, electrical, and hardware industries.


Premise: How many people work in Tamar Science Park?

Hypothesis: Other substantial employers include the university with almost 3,000 staff, as well as the Tamar Science Park employing 500 people in 50 companies.


Premise: What are skilled Buddhists called?

Hypothesis: Rebirths in the Ārūpyadhātu (formless realms) can be attained by only those who can meditate on the arūpajhānas, the highest object of meditation.


Premise: On What date was Pope Paul VI born?

Hypothesis: Pope Paul VI (Latin: Paulus VI; Italian: Paolo VI), born Giovanni Battista Enrico Antonio Maria Montini (Italian pronunciation: [dʒioˈvani baˈtista enˈriko anˈtonjo marˈija monˈtini]; 26 September 1897 – 6 August 1978), reigned as Pope from 21 June 1963 to his death in 1978.


Premise: Christoph Waltz's appearance in future Bond movies is contingent on the appearance of which other actor?

Hypothesis: Christoph Waltz has signed on for two more films in the series, but his return depends on whether or not Craig will again portray Bond.


Premise: In what year was the Sciences Academy of Lisbon founded?

Hypothesis: One of the oldest learned societies of Portugal is the Sciences Academy of Lisbon, founded in 1779.


Premise: How large are roche moutonnee?

Hypothesis: They range in length from less than a meter to several hundred meters long.


Premise: What is the national bird of Saint Helena?

Hypothesis: The national bird of Saint Helena is the Saint Helena plover, known locally as the wirebird.


Premise: What year did sub-saharan Africa have the highest rates of child labour?

Hypothesis: In 2010, sub-saharan Africa had the highest incidence rates of child labour, with several African nations witnessing over 50 percent of children aged 5–14 working.


Premise: When was Victoria's oldest daughter married?

Hypothesis: Eleven days after Orsini's assassination attempt in France, Victoria's eldest daughter married Prince Frederick William of Prussia in London.


Premise: What is the name of an airline owned by Dubai-based Somalis?

Hypothesis: Star African Air is also one of three Somali-owned airlines which are based in Dubai.


Premise: When did Yale first incorporate humanities and sciences?

Hypothesis: Yale University is an American private Ivy League research university in New Haven, Connecticut.


Premise: What is the principal Anglican church in Paris?

Hypothesis: There are several important churches for the English-speaking community: the American Church in Paris, founded in 1814, was the first American church outside the United States; the current church was finished in 1931.


Premise: Who were considered "free people of color"?

Hypothesis: Native Americans were included among "Other;" in later censuses, they were included as "Free people of color" if they were not living on Indian reservations.


Premise: What type of movies came out of Bluebird?

Hypothesis: Directors included Jack Conway, John Ford, Rex Ingram, Robert Z. Leonard, George Marshall and Lois Weber, one of the few women directing films in Hollywood.:13


Premise: Who achieved success at cracking secret German military communications during World War II?

Hypothesis: To crack the more sophisticated German Lorenz SZ 40/42 machine, used for high-level Army communications, Max Newman and his colleagues commissioned Flowers to build the Colossus.


Premise: The Russians escaped under the cover of what in 1855?

Hypothesis: The Russians escaped under the cover of snow in early 1855 after Allied reinforcements arrived in the region.


Premise: What is a matter of dispute among linguists regarding the distinction?

Hypothesis: In actuality, the distinction is not purely in the phonemic length, and the underlying phonological mechanism is still disputed.[citation needed]


Premise: What was chapter VII entitled?

Hypothesis: In January 1871, George Jackson Mivart's On the Genesis of Species listed detailed arguments against natural selection, and claimed it included false metaphysics.


Premise: What is gymnastics?

Hypothesis: Gymnastics is a sport involving the performance of exercises requiring strength, flexibility, balance and control.


Premise: What is the largest city in Estonia?

Hypothesis: Estonia has had a market economy since the end of the 1990s and one of the highest per capita income levels in Eastern Europe.


Premise: What group that had been to this point neglected was included in this thought?

Hypothesis: They sought to create a citizenry (frequently including women) able to speak and write with eloquence and clarity and thus capable of engaging the civic life of their communities and persuading others to virtuous and prudent actions.


Premise: What does a behaviorial component focus on when defining sexual orientation?

Hypothesis: Most definitions of sexual orientation include a psychological component, such as the direction of an individual's erotic desires, or a behavioral component, which focuses on the sex of the individual's sexual partner/s.


Premise: What can be used in a wrestling story?

Hypothesis: Also, anything that can be used as an element of drama can exist in professional wrestling stories: romantic relationships (including love triangles and marriage), racism, classism, nepotism, favoritism, corporate corruption, family bonds, personal histories, grudges, theft, cheating, assault, betrayal, bribery, seduction, stalking, confidence tricks, extortion, blackmail, substance abuse, self-doubt, self-sacrifice; even kidnapping, sexual fetishism, necrophilia, misogyny, rape and death have been portrayed in wrestling.


Premise: How many kingdoms have buildings present in the Durbar Square of Kathmandu?

Hypothesis: There are three preserved Durbar Squares in Kathmandu valley and one unpreserved in Kirtipur.


Premise: Which musical style did ars nova replace in the 14th century?

Hypothesis: The main representatives of the new style, often referred to as ars nova as opposed to the ars antiqua, were the composers Philippe de Vitry and Guillaume de Machaut.


Premise: Glaciers are found in mountain ranges on every continent except for which outlier?

Hypothesis: On Earth, 99% of glacial ice is contained within vast ice sheets in the polar regions, but glaciers may be found in mountain ranges on every continent except Australia, and on a few high-latitude oceanic islands.


Premise: Who carried out bombings throughout Paris between 1961 and 1962?

Hypothesis: In the 1950s and the 1960s, Paris became one front of the Algerian War for independence; in August 1961, the pro-independence FLN targeted and killed 11 Paris policemen, leading to the imposition of a curfew on Muslims of Algeria (who, at that time, were French citizens).


Premise: What are the Universities waiting for before proceeding with the lawsuit?

Hypothesis: This Supreme Court case will likely be decided in June 2016 or slightly earlier.


Premise: What can make classification of predators problematic when using a food pyramid?

Hypothesis: Carnivorous plants would be very difficult to fit into this classification, producing their own food but also digesting anything that they may trap.


Premise: How is "XrossMediaBar" abbreviated?

Hypothesis: The standard PlayStation 3 version of the XrossMediaBar (pronounced Cross Media Bar, or abbreviated XMB) includes nine categories of options.


Premise: Which of Northwestern's schools are among the most academically productive in the nation?

Hypothesis: Northwestern was elected to the Association of American Universities in 1917 and remains a research university with "very high" research activity.


Premise: Who introduced the Latin term for insect, borrowing from the Greek vernacular?

Hypothesis: Pliny the Elder introduced the Latin designation as a loan-translation of the Greek word ἔντομος (éntomos) or "insect" (as in entomology), which was Aristotle's term for this class of life, also in reference to their "notched" bodies.


Premise: Who resigned as Prime Minister on January 30, 1855?

Hypothesis: The veteran former Foreign Secretary Lord Palmerston became prime minister.


Premise: In approximately what year was Bulgaria founded?

Hypothesis: Bulgaria, which was founded around 680, at its height reached from Budapest to the Black Sea and from the Dnieper River in modern Ukraine to the Adriatic Sea.


Premise: What model is widely used in macrosociology?

Hypothesis: The latter models imply that changes in diversity are guided by a first-order positive feedback (more ancestors, more descendants) and/or a negative feedback arising from resource limitation.


Premise: What does gram-positive bacteria have?

Hypothesis: Most bacteria have the gram-negative cell wall, and only the Firmicutes and Actinobacteria have the alternative gram-positive arrangement.


Premise: When was Columbus' first voyage?

Hypothesis: "Pre-Columbian" is used especially often in the context of discussing the great indigenous civilizations of the Americas, such as those of Mesoamerica (the Olmec, the Toltec, the Teotihuacano, the Zapotec, the Mixtec, the Aztec, and the Maya civilizations) and those of the Andes (Inca Empire, Moche culture, Muisca Confederation, Cañaris).


Premise: How many counties are part of Nashville's metropolitan area?

Hypothesis: Chattanooga and Knoxville, both in the eastern part of the state near the Great Smoky Mountains, each has approximately one-third of the population of Memphis or Nashville.


Premise: Is original Cubist architecture rare?

Hypothesis: The original Cubist architecture is very rare.


Premise: When was Neptune's moon Larissa discovered?

Hypothesis: The next-farthest out, Larissa, was originally discovered in 1981 when it had occulted a star.


Premise: Which company has a $2 billion production plant in Bradley County?

Hypothesis: Tennessee is also the location of the Volkswagen factory in Chattanooga, a $2 billion polysilicon production facility by Wacker Chemie in Bradley County, and a $1.2 billion polysilicon production facility by Hemlock Semiconductor in Clarksville.


Premise: Who took control when Doson died?

Hypothesis: Philip V, who came to power when Doson died in 221 BC, was the last Macedonian ruler with both the talent and the opportunity to unite Greece and preserve its independence against the "cloud rising in the west": the ever-increasing power of Rome.


Premise: Who have argued for the separation of church and state for reasons having nothing to do with a desire for a secular culture?

Hypothesis: Champions of religious liberty have argued for the separation of church and state for reasons having nothing to do with anti-Catholicism or desire for a secular culture.


Premise: According to the doctrine of Immaculate Conception, where was Mary when she first become filled with grace?

Hypothesis: Orthodox Christians reject the Immaculate Conception dogma principally because their understanding of ancestral sin (the Greek term corresponding to the Latin "original sin") differs from the Augustinian interpretation and that of the Roman Catholic Church.


Premise: Once everyone was a part of what group did Kant believe all of society would be enlightened?

Hypothesis: Immanuel Kant considered written communication essential to his conception of the public sphere; once everyone was a part of the "reading public", then society could be said to be enlightened.


Premise: In which of Einstein's two theories do time and space merge into spacetime?

Hypothesis: According to these theories, the concept of time depends on the spatial reference frame of the observer, and the human perception as well as the measurement by instruments such as clocks are different for observers in relative motion.


Premise: What philosophy was combined with socialism and nationalism to form Third International Theory?

Hypothesis: He described his approach to economics as "Islamic socialism", although biographers Blundy and Lycett noted that Gaddafi's socialism had a "curiously Marxist undertone", with political scientist Sami Hajjar arguing that Gaddafi's model of socialism offered a simplification of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels' theories.


Premise: What replaced the Macintosh Portable in 1991?

Hypothesis: It was not long until Apple released their first portable computer, the Macintosh Portable in 1989.


Premise: How many nations were against Iraq in the US-led coalition?

Hypothesis: The lead up to the war began with the Iraqi invasion of Kuwait in August 1990 which was met with immediate economic sanctions by the United Nations against Iraq.


Premise: What job did Schwarzenegger's father want him to pursue?

Hypothesis: His remarkable accomplishments allowed me a sense of what was possible, when others around me didn't always understand my dreams.


Premise: Where are rose windows never found in the facades of cathedrals?

Hypothesis: Rose windows are also often found in the façades of churches of Spain and Italy, but are rarer elsewhere and are not found on the façades of any English Cathedrals.


Premise: During it's launch how much was a Windows 8 upgrade?

Hypothesis: During these promotions, the Windows Media Center add-on for Windows 8 Pro was also offered for free.


Premise: What siblings did Nasser have?

Hypothesis: His parents married in 1917, and later had two more boys, Izz al-Arab and al-Leithi.


Premise: What academy was the most important medical center of the world at the time and became Islamicized after the Arab invasions?

Hypothesis: The prolonged Byzantine-Sassanid Wars, most importantly the climactic Byzantine-Sassanid War of 602-628, as well as the social conflict within the Sassanid Empire, opened the way for an Arab invasion to Iran in the 7th century.


Premise: What power had previously defeated the Kalingans?

Hypothesis: Khārabēḷa led many successful campaigns against the states of Magadha, Anga, Satavahanas till the southern most regions of Pandyan Empire (modern Tamil Nadu).


Premise: What conflict affected Utrecht

Hypothesis: When the Frankish rulers established the system of feudalism, the Bishops of Utrecht came to exercise worldly power as prince-bishops.


Premise: What school was a response to Brutalism?

Hypothesis: One such reaction to the cold aesthetic of modernism and Brutalism is the school of metaphoric architecture, which includes such things as biomorphism and zoomorphic architecture, both using nature as the primary source of inspiration and design.


Premise: What kind of ants are symbolic among the Australian Aborigines?

Hypothesis: In the case of the 'San' bush-men of the Kalahari, it is the praying mantis which holds much cultural significance including creation and zen-like patience in waiting.:9


Premise: How many analogue transmitters were shut down on July 31, 2012?

Hypothesis: On July 17, 2012, the CRTC approved the shut down of CBC's analogue transmitters, noting that "while the Commission has the discretion to refuse to revoke broadcasting licences, even on application from a licensee, it cannot direct the CBC or any other broadcaster to continue to operate its stations and transmitters."


Premise: How much money did taxpayers provide in government support to AIG during 2008 and early 2009?

Hypothesis: U.S. taxpayers provided over $180 billion in government support to AIG during 2008 and early 2009, through which the money flowed to various counterparties to CDS transactions, including many large global financial institutions.


Premise: In what county is the Bingley Arms located?

Hypothesis: The Bingley Arms, Bardsey, Yorkshire, is claimed to date to 905 AD.


Premise: Who creates sustainability practices at Yale?

Hypothesis: Yale's Office of Sustainability develops and implements sustainability practices at Yale.


Premise: How long was Demetrius Poliorcetes siege of Rhodes?

Hypothesis: New siege engines were developed during this period.


Premise: The hindbrain during development is known as what?

Hypothesis: In its earliest form, the brain appears as three swellings at the front end of the neural tube; these swellings eventually become the forebrain, midbrain, and hindbrain (the prosencephalon, mesencephalon, and rhombencephalon, respectively).


Premise: Who was Thomas Jefferson in a relationship with?

Hypothesis: In addition, many white fathers who used slave women sexually, even those in long-term relationships like Thomas Jefferson's with Sally Hemings, did not acknowledge their mixed-race slave children in records, so paternity was lost.


Premise: What is the main ingredient in the groundwood process?

Hypothesis: In the groundwood process, debarked logs are fed into grinders where they are pressed against rotating stones to be made into fibres.


Premise: How highly was Imperial ranked in "research power" in 2014?

Hypothesis: Imperial submitted a total of 1,257 staff across 14 units of assessment to the 2014 Research Excellence Framework (REF) assessment.


Premise: Which empire frequently raided Cyprus during Venetian rule?

Hypothesis: Throughout Venetian rule, the Ottoman Empire frequently raided Cyprus.


Premise: What musical comedy did Beyoncé star in along with Cuba Gooding, Jr. in 2003?

Hypothesis: In July 2002, Beyoncé continued her acting career playing Foxxy Cleopatra alongside Mike Myers in the comedy film, Austin Powers in Goldmember, which spent its first weekend atop the US box office and grossed $73 million.


Premise: Connaught Place in New Delhi is modeled after what area of England?

Hypothesis: Connaught Place is a large, circular commercial area in New Delhi, modelled after the Royal Crescent in England.


Premise: Who remodeled Paris in the 19th century?

Hypothesis: In modernising its infrastructure through the centuries, Paris has preserved even its earliest history in its street map.[citation needed]


Premise: What regions in the world does this apply in?

Hypothesis: This has led to widespread problems with antimicrobial and antibiotic resistance, so much as to prompt the World Health Organization to classify antimicrobial resistance as a "serious threat [that] is no longer a prediction for the future, it is happening right now in every region of the world and has the potential to affect anyone, of any age, in any country".


Premise: What new law was created?

Hypothesis: However, historians have been bitterly divided on issues of economic history, with the Nationalist school arguing that India was poorer at the end of British rule than at the beginning and that impoverishment occurred because of the British.


Premise: Who is Achim Steiner?

Hypothesis: In 2011, UN under-secretary general Achim Steiner said: "The continuing growth in this core segment of the green economy is not happening by chance.


Premise: What style is Gothic?

Hypothesis: From about 900 CE onwards, the movements of both clerics and tradesmen carried architectural knowledge across Europe, resulting in the pan-European styles Romanesque and Gothic.


Premise: What is a common background for a Japanese wrestler?

Hypothesis: With its origins in traditional American style of wrestling and still being under the same genre, it has become an entity in itself.


Premise: Where is the Eagle pub located?

Hypothesis: The anecdote is related in Watson's book The Double Helix. and commemorated with a blue plaque on the outside wall.


Premise: Why were the schools inspected?

Hypothesis: However, Reuters reported in June that, to date, Chinese prosecutors have joined an official inquiry into ten collapsed schools during May's devastating earthquake to gain first-hand material of construction quality at the collapsed schools, launch preliminary inquiries and prepare for possible investigations into professional crime.


Premise: What other book did Mark Childress compare it to?

Hypothesis: I think the book really helped them come to understand what was wrong with the system in the way that any number of treatises could never do, because it was popular art, because it was told from a child's point of view."


Premise: What year was the movie Frozen released?

Hypothesis: In the increasingly globalized film industry, videoconferencing has become useful as a method by which creative talent in many different locations can collaborate closely on the complex details of film production.


Premise: Along with foods and family relationships, what sorts of words are similar in French and Italian?

Hypothesis: However, when it comes to phonological structures, Italian and Spanish have undergone less change than French, with the result that some native speakers of Italian and Spanish may attain a degree of mutual comprehension that permits extensive communication.[citation needed]


Premise: What technology support the drinking of chilled beer?

Hypothesis: Drinking chilled beer began with the development of artificial refrigeration and by the 1870s, was spread in those countries that concentrated on brewing pale lager.


Premise: In pronunciation what is Catalan different from?

Hypothesis: However, despite being mostly situated in the Iberian Peninsula, Catalan has marked differences with the Ibero-Romance group (Spanish and Portuguese) in terms of pronunciation, grammar, and especially vocabulary; showing instead its closest affinity with Occitan and to a lesser extent Gallo-Romance (French, Franco-Provençal, Gallo-Italian).


Premise: What newer artillery were Prussians using?

Hypothesis: The Prussian batteries could thus destroy French artillery with impunity, before being moved forward to directly support infantry attacks.


Premise: What flew by Neptune in 1989?

Hypothesis: Its largest moon, Triton, was discovered shortly thereafter, though none of the planet's remaining known 14 moons were located telescopically until the 20th century.


Premise: TV commercials using Richard Strauss' Also sprach Zarathustra have now become what?

Hypothesis: In television commercials, several passages have become clichéd, particularly the opening of Richard Strauss'


Premise: What accords possibly contributed to or reinforced the financial crisis?

Hypothesis: A recent OECD study suggest that bank regulation based on the Basel accords encourage unconventional business practices and contributed to or even reinforced the financial crisis.


Premise: What is required to view over-the-air broadcasts?

Hypothesis: On March 5, 2005, CBC Television launched a high definition simulcast of its Toronto (CBLT-DT) and Montreal (CBMT-DT) stations.


Premise: How many times was American Idol nominated for an Emmy?

Hypothesis: It won the first Critics' Choice Television Award in 2011 for Best Reality Competition.


Premise: On what date did NATO kill Gaddafi's son?

Hypothesis: On 30 April a NATO airstrike killed Gaddafi's sixth son and three of his grandsons in Tripoli, though Gaddafi and his wife were unharmed.


Premise: How many people boarded in Will Rogers World Airport in 2010?

Hypothesis: Oklahoma's largest commercial airport is Will Rogers World Airport in Oklahoma City, averaging a yearly passenger count of more than 3.5 million (1.7 million boardings) in 2010.


Premise: Which early mammalian ancestor produced non-mammalian Dimetroden?

Hypothesis: The line following the stem group Sphenacodontia split-off several diverse groups of non-mammalian synapsids—sometimes referred to as mammal-like reptiles—before giving rise to the proto-mammals (Therapsida) in the early Mesozoic era.


Premise: What type of weather is a rarity in Houston?

Hypothesis: Snowfall is rare.


Premise: How much does the new airport cost?

Hypothesis: The new airport, which would have six runways, will cost $9.15 billion and would be built on vacant federal land east of Mexico City International Airport.


Premise: When did United International Pictures start distributing films for DreamWorks?

Hypothesis: UIP began distributing films by start-up studio DreamWorks in 1997, due to connections the founders have with Paramount, Universal, and Amblin Entertainment.


Premise: Which body of water and township of the same name marks the border between Melbourne and Geelong?

Hypothesis: The city reaches south-east through Dandenong to the growth corridor of Pakenham towards West Gippsland, and southward through the Dandenong Creek valley, the Mornington Peninsula and the city of Frankston taking in the peaks of Olivers Hill, Mount Martha and Arthurs Seat, extending along the shores of Port Phillip as a single conurbation to reach the exclusive suburb of Portsea and Point Nepean.


Premise: How many main systems of Hindu philosophy are there?

Hypothesis: Ancient and medieval India was also the source of philosophies that share philosophical concepts but rejected the Vedas, and these have been called nāstika (heterodox or non-orthodox) Indian philosophies.


Premise: What kind of turnout did the Congolese Observatory of Human Rights experience in the 2009 elections?

Hypothesis: According to the Congolese Observatory of Human Rights, a non-governmental organization, the election was marked by "very low" turnout and "fraud and irregularities".


Premise: What type of stimuli causes pain?

Hypothesis: Pain is a distressing feeling often caused by intense or damaging stimuli, such as stubbing a toe, burning a finger, putting alcohol on a cut, and bumping the "funny bone".


Premise: When did Brazil adopt federalism?

Hypothesis: Aided by well-known jurist Ruy Barbosa, Fonseca established federalism in Brazil by decree, but this system of government would be confirmed by every Brazilian constitution since 1891, although some of them would distort some of the federalist principles.


Premise: How many students currently attend BYU on-campus?

Hypothesis: Approximately 99 percent of the students are members of the LDS Church, and one-third of its US students are from Utah.


Premise: Which sport was quickly adopted?

Hypothesis: Once these sports reached Bermuda, they were eagerly adopted by Bermudians.


Premise: A discussion regarding wing pairs is not supported by what community?

Hypothesis: Matters that have incurred controversy include Strepsiptera and Diptera grouped together as Halteria based on a reduction of one of the wing pairs – a position not well-supported in the entomological community.


Premise: Which country did the Pact conquer?

Hypothesis: All member countries, with the exception of the Socialist Republic of Romania and the People's Republic of Albania participated in the invasion.


Premise: What Martial Arts can be found within Cork?

Hypothesis: There are also boxing and martial arts clubs (including Brazilian jiu-jitsu, Karate, Muay Thai and Taekwondo) within the city.


Premise: What was the title of the sequel to Conan the Barbarian?

Hypothesis: This was followed by a sequel, Conan the Destroyer, in 1984, although it was not as successful as its predecessor.


Premise: The Slav subgroups have had notable cultural contact with what kind of civilisations?

Hypothesis: Apart from prehistorical archaeological cultures, the subgroups have had notable cultural contact with non-Slavic Bronze- and Iron Age civilisations.


Premise: How does Beyoncé say she likes to dress off-stage?

Hypothesis: Beyoncé has been described as a having a wide-ranging sex appeal, with music journalist Touré writing that since the release of Dangerously in Love, she has "become a crossover sex symbol".


Premise: What location provided the northern terminus for the Hartford Line?

Hypothesis: In 2010 and 2011, state and federal funds were awarded to Connecticut (and Massachusetts) to construct the Hartford Line, with a southern terminus at New Haven's Union Station and a northern terminus at Springfield's Union Station.


Premise: Iranians usually eat what diet staple with lunch and dinner?

Hypothesis: Iranians usually eat plain yogurt with lunch and dinner; it is a staple of the diet in Iran.


Premise: When did Lancashire emerge as a major commercialand industrial region?

Hypothesis: Lancashire emerged as a major commercial and industrial region during the Industrial Revolution.


Premise: When did the French Senate declare Napoleon Emperor?

Hypothesis: After returning from Egypt, Napoleon engineered a coup in November 1799 and became First Consul of the Republic.


Premise: What was established in 1953?

Hypothesis: The President also established the Government Contract Committee in 1953, which "conducted surveys of the racial composition of federal employees and tax-supported contractors".:50–51


Premise: What two reptiles were particularly of interest for the inclusion of "reptiles" in the Endangered Species Conservation Act?

Hypothesis: Reptiles were added mainly to reduce the rampant poaching of alligators and crocodiles.


Premise: In 2011, plans were made to decrease hospitals to how many?

Hypothesis: In a 2013 Save the Children report, Greece was ranked the 19th best country (out of 176 countries surveyed) for the state of mothers and newborn babies.


Premise: What type of musician is Bill Frisell?

Hypothesis: Seattle is considered the home of grunge music, having produced artists such as Nirvana, Soundgarden, Alice in Chains, Pearl Jam, and Mudhoney, all of whom reached international audiences in the early 1990s.


Premise: What year was the name changes to the City of Boston?

Hypothesis: At the time Boston was chartered as a city, the population was about 46,226, while the area of the city was only 4.7 square miles (12 km2).


Premise: In contrast to Gray, which theory did Popper argue was at least equally consistent with Newton's on the available evidence?

Hypothesis: Gray does not, however, give any indication of what available evidence these theories were at odds with, and his appeal to "crucial support" illustrates the very inductivist approach to science that Popper sought to show was logically illegitimate.


Premise: How much income was generated from research grants and contracts for 2013?

Hypothesis: Key sources of income included £329.5 million from research grants and contracts (2011/12 – £313.9 million), £186.3 million from academic fees and support grants (2011/12 – £163.1 million), £168.9 million from Funding Council grants (2011/12 – £172.4 million) and £12.5 million from endowment and investment income (2011/12 – £8.1 million).


Premise: Antiochus III allied with what king in 203 BC?

Hypothesis: The Seleucid Antiochus III had allied with Philip V of Macedon in 203 BC, agreeing that they should jointly conquer the lands of the boy-king of Egypt, Ptolemy V.


Premise: Which sector was the second largest?

Hypothesis: Manufacturing sector was the principal foreign investment in the state followed by the mining sector.


Premise: What was a political element that satiated the plebeians?

Hypothesis: In effect, the plebeians were satisfied with the possession of power, but did not care to use it.


Premise: What system of temperaments was common during Bach's time?

Hypothesis: The theories surrounding equal temperament began to be put in wider practice, especially as it enabled a wider range of chromatic possibilities in hard-to-tune keyboard instruments.


Premise: What fraction of the Earth's uranium was uranium-235 during the Earth's youth?

Hypothesis: Uranium-238 is the most stable isotope of uranium, with a half-life of about 4.468×109 years, roughly the age of the Earth.


Premise: What were Valencia's main food exports in the early 20th century?

Hypothesis: The silk industry had disappeared, but there was a large production of hides and skins, wood, metals and foodstuffs, this last with substantial exports, particularly of wine and citrus.


Premise: How many separate classification systems do agencies in England and Wales use?

Hypothesis: Comparability of the information being recorded by officers was brought into question by the Office for National Statistics (ONS) in September 2007, as part of its Equality Data Review; one problem cited was the number of reports that contained an ethnicity of "Not Stated."


Premise: What patent holding company sued Apple in 2007?

Hypothesis: In September 2007, during a lawsuit with patent holding company Burst.com, Apple drew attention to a patent for a similar device that was developed in 1979.


Premise: What anniversary was the July Revolution that Sand and Chopin were present at a dress rehearsal for?

Hypothesis: On 26 July 1840 Chopin and Sand were present at the dress rehearsal of Berlioz's Grande symphonie funèbre et triomphale, composed to commemorate the tenth anniversary of the July Revolution.


Premise: When was  Seven Lamps of Architecture published?

Hypothesis: The 19th-century English art critic, John Ruskin, in his Seven Lamps of Architecture, published 1849, was much narrower in his view of what constituted architecture.


Premise: How are the original ancestors of the Tibetan people represented?

Hypothesis: According to tradition the original ancestors of the Tibetan people, as represented by the six red bands in the Tibetan flag, are: the Se, Mu, Dong, Tong, Dru and Ra.


Premise: What gender of musician has historically made up a large amount of professional orchestras?

Hypothesis: Historically, major professional orchestras have been mostly or entirely composed of male musicians.


Premise: How many thousand years ago did the Romans build their road system?

Hypothesis: In Europe, they possibly first sprang up when the Romans built a system of roads two millennia ago.[citation needed]


Premise: What is not present in the Catholic legal system as compared with non-religious law?

Hypothesis: Because of its specialized nature, advanced degrees in civil law or theology are normal prerequisites for the study of canon law.


Premise: Who was Ford going to play in E.T., until the scene was removed?

Hypothesis: Aside from his role as Indiana Jones, Spielberg also cast Harrison Ford as a headteacher in E.T.


Premise: What are some neighborhoods in South Raleigh?

Hypothesis: South Raleigh is located along U.S. 401 south toward Fuquay-Varina and along US 70 into suburban Garner.


Premise: Which wards elect city council members in the same year as the mayor?

Hypothesis: Council elections are severed: Wards 1, 2, and 4 (as well as the mayor) are up for election in the same year (most recently 2011), while Wards 3, 5, and 6 share another year (most recently 2013).


Premise: What term characterizes the type of procedure used in Roman Church courts?

Hypothesis: As a result, Roman ecclesiastical courts tend to follow the Roman Law style of continental Europe with some variation, featuring collegiate panels of judges and an investigative form of proceeding, called "inquisitorial", from the Latin "inquirere", to enquire.


Premise: What is the principle that is vitally important to understanding the behaviour of a quantity closely related to energy?

Hypothesis: When an isolated system is given more degrees of freedom (i.e., given new available energy states that are the same as existing states), then total energy spreads over all available degrees equally without distinction between "new" and "old" degrees.


Premise: Where are music students educated

Hypothesis: There are several other venues for music throughout the city.


Premise: Who recognizes the "Middle East and North Africa" region?

Hypothesis: UNESCO recognizes neither a Near East nor a Middle East, dividing the countries instead among three regions: Arab States, Asia and the Pacific, and Africa.


Premise: As of 2011 what was the population of the core of London?

Hypothesis: London's ancient core, the City of London, largely retains its 1.12-square-mile (2.9 km2) medieval boundaries and in 2011 had a resident population of 7,375, making it the smallest city in England.


Premise: Where is Bond brought after he is kidnapped?

Hypothesis: Swann leaves Bond, telling him she cannot be part of a life involving espionage, and is subsequently kidnapped.


Premise: What type of penalty was made for unlawful performances that are willful and for profit?

Hypothesis: The first criminal provision in U.S. copyright law was added in 1897, which established a misdemeanor penalty for "unlawful performances and representations of copyrighted dramatic and musical compositions" if the violation had been "willful and for profit.


Premise: How long after the earthquake were aftershocks felt?

Hypothesis: It is also known as the Wenchuan earthquake (Chinese: 汶川大地震; pinyin: Wènchuān dà dìzhèn; literally: "Great Wenchuan earthquake"), after the location of the earthquake's epicenter, Wenchuan County, Sichuan.


Premise: Which Secretary of State attended Notre Dame?

Hypothesis: Alumni working in political fields include state governors, members of the United States Congress, and former United States Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice.


Premise: When is the melatonin onset?

Hypothesis: They found that both sleep offset and melatonin offset are more strongly correlated with phase markers than the onset of sleep.


Premise: Which political party holds the majority of most office terms in NYC?

Hypothesis: The Democratic Party holds the majority of public offices.


Premise: Who argues that Napoleon's triumphs at Austerlitz and Jena increased his self-grandiosity?

Hypothesis: Dwyer argues that Napoleon's victories at Austerlitz and Jena in 1805-06 heightened his sense of self-grandiosity, leaving him even more certain of his destiny and invincibility.


Premise: How much of the budget was allocated for city administration?

Hypothesis: The main source of income for the city is direct taxes (35 percent), supplemented by a 13-percent real estate tax; 19 percent of the budget comes in a transfer from the national government.


Premise: How many applications were widely available during Macintosh's introduction?

Hypothesis: Only about ten applications including MacWrite and MacPaint were widely available, although many non-Apple software developers participated in the introduction and Apple promised that 79 companies including Lotus, Digital Research, and Ashton-Tate were creating products for the new computer.


Premise: What was the vacancy rate for Bern in 2010?

Hypothesis: The vacancy rate for the municipality, in 2010[update], was 0.45%.


Premise: In which locations is the Institute of Development Management?

Hypothesis: The Mananga management centre was established as Mananga Agricultural Management Centre in 1972 as an International Management Development Centre catering for middle and senior managers, it is located at Ezulwini.


Premise: What signified the emergence of the Roman Empire?

Hypothesis: It is often considered a period of transition, sometimes even of decadence or degeneration, compared to the enlightenment of the Greek Classical era.


Premise: What kind of derivation in Catalan is similar to other languages?

Hypothesis: The process of morphological derivation in Catalan follows the same principles as the other Romance languages, where agglutination is common.


Premise: What philosophical perspective did Waitz hold?

Hypothesis: By nature he meant matter animated by "the Divine breath"; i.e., he was an animist.


Premise: How much more money did Spectre make during its first weekend in China than Skyfall?

Hypothesis: Through its opening weekend, it earned $48.1 million from 14,700 screens which is 198% ahead of Skyfall, a new record for a Hollywood 2D opening.


Premise: Who uses swinging sticks or flags to drive game out?

Hypothesis: When in position, "beaters" move through the areas of cover, swinging sticks or flags to drive the game out.


Premise: What type of band was System of a Down?

Hypothesis: Certain Armenians settled to sing non-Armenian tunes such as the heavy metal band System of a Down (which nonetheless often incorporates traditional Armenian instrumentals and styling into their songs) or pop star Cher.


Premise: What underground items have lead to soil degradation?

Hypothesis: These schemes often lead to soil degradation and salinization.


Premise: What geographical region lies west of the Tennessee bottom land?

Hypothesis: To the west of this narrow strip of land is a wide area of rolling hills and streams that stretches all the way to the Mississippi River; this area is called the Tennessee Bottoms or bottom land.


Premise: Why were problems created when transferring files between systems?

Hypothesis: The best example of this is the newline problem on various operating systems.


Premise: When did missionary work begin in Canada?

Hypothesis: Many of Alline's followers, after his death, would convert and strengthen the Baptist presence in the Atlantic region.[page needed]


Premise: The States General was made up of what?

Hypothesis: The republic was a confederation of seven provinces, which had their own governments and were very independent, and a number of so-called Generality Lands.


Premise: Which two groups were divided inn the territories of the East Slavs?

Hypothesis: According to the Primary Chronicle, the territories of the East Slavs in the 9th century were divided between the Varangians and the Khazars.


Premise: Is a lectio brevrio or lectio difficilior approach more akin to the original text?

Hypothesis: The second, lectio difficilior potior (the harder reading is stronger), recognizes the tendency for harmonization—resolving apparent inconsistencies in the text.


Premise: What is the name of the Samoan dance only men can perform?

Hypothesis: Another dance performed by males is called the fa'ataupati or the slap dance, creating rhythmic sounds by slapping different parts of the body.


Premise: What did Griffith's tool help increase?

Hypothesis: Wikipedia spokespersons received Griffith's "WikiScanner" positively, noting that it helped prevent conflicts of interest from influencing articles as well as increasing transparency and mitigating attempts to remove or distort relevant facts.


Premise: What's a more accurate name for Pennsylvania Dutch since it's not a Dutch dialect?

Hypothesis: Pennsylvania Dutch is not a member of the set of Dutch dialects and is less misleadingly called Pennsylvania German.


Premise: Which former Idol star made an appearance for Cowell's tribute?

Hypothesis: A special tribute to Simon Cowell was presented in the finale for his final season with the show.


Premise: What type of business certification do they plan on expanding?

Hypothesis: Other environmentally focused initiatives include curbside recycling, curbside composting bins (in addition to trash, yard-waste, and recycle bins), farmers' markets, community gardens, garden-share, an urban forest initiative, a hazardous materials home-collection service, green business certification, and a municipal bus system which is currently being revamped to integrate with the soon-to-open Expo Line.


Premise: From whom are several Somali clans descended?

Hypothesis: Irir Samaale, the oldest common ancestor of several Somali clans, is generally regarded as the source of the ethnonym Somali.


Premise: In what year was the island hit by an extratropical cyclone?

Hypothesis: On 23 May 2001, the islands experienced an extratropical cyclone that generated winds up to 190 kilometres per hour (120 mph).


Premise: Which Han commander died in the year 106 BC?

Hypothesis: When this plot failed in 133 BC, Emperor Wu launched a series of massive military invasions into Xiongnu territory.


Premise: Min dialects are spoken on the border where?

Hypothesis: Most inhabitants of Zhejiang speak Wu, but the Wu dialects are very diverse, especially in the south, where one valley may speak a dialect completely unintelligible to the next valley a few kilometers away.


Premise: How many member of the Association of American Universities are in Boston?

Hypothesis: Four members of the Association of American Universities are in Greater Boston (more than any other metropolitan area):


Premise: What ranks in the Song dynasty wore blue?

Hypothesis: Of an official who had talent and ambition, it was said "he is so red he becomes purple."


Premise: What book gives the definition of a heretic as anyone that does not follow the Catholic Church or the orthodox holy faith?

Hypothesis: In the Roman Catholic Church, obstinate and willful manifest heresy is considered to spiritually cut one off from the Church, even before excommunication is incurred.


Premise: who released the hit single "promised land"?

Hypothesis: One of the early anthemic tunes, "Promised Land" by Joe Smooth, was covered and charted within a week by the Style Council.


Premise: What type of clothing does Parkwood Topshop Athletic Ltd produce?

Hypothesis: In October 2014, it was announced that Beyoncé with her management company Parkwood Entertainment would be partnering with London-based fashion retailer Topshop, in a new 50/50 split subsidiary business named Parkwood Topshop Athletic Ltd.


Premise: After what war did the states economy improve?

Hypothesis: After World War II, the state's economy grew rapidly, highlighted by the growth of such cities as Charlotte, Raleigh, and Durham in the Piedmont.


Premise: What took the place of Mac's Xserve server?

Hypothesis: Its Xserve server was discontinued in 2011 in favor of the Mac Mini and Mac Pro.


Premise: Why did rulers and governments in Europe form universities?

Hypothesis: All over Europe rulers and city governments began to create universities to satisfy a European thirst for knowledge, and the belief that society would benefit from the scholarly expertise generated from these institutions.


Premise: What are there 8,100 acres of in Raleigh?

Hypothesis: The J. C. Raulston Arboretum, an 8-acre (32,000 m²) arboretum and botanical garden in west Raleigh administered by North Carolina State University, maintains a year-round collection that is open daily to the public without charge.


Premise: What did churches do to settle the date if there was a difference?

Hypothesis: By the 10th century all churches (except some on the eastern border of the Byzantine Empire) had adopted the Alexandrian Easter, which still placed the vernal equinox on 21 March, although Bede had already noted its drift in 725—it had drifted even further by the 16th century.


Premise: What branch of the military is in charge of Cyberspace defense?

Hypothesis: This is the passive, active, and dynamic employment of capabilities to respond to imminent or on-going actions against Air Force or Air Force-protected networks, the Air Force's portion of the Global Information Grid, or expeditionary communications assigned to the Air Force.


Premise: The Treaty of Belgrade was the result of a war known as what?

Hypothesis: The Treaty also revealed that the Ottoman Empire was on the defensive and unlikely to present any further aggression in Europe.


Premise: What Universal-International film was about a talking mule?

Hypothesis: While there were to be a few hits like The Killers (1946) and The Naked City (1948), Universal-International's new theatrical films often met with disappointing response at the box office.


Premise: What year did the Singing Revolution occur?

Hypothesis: All three nations had similar experiences of occupation and similar aspirations for regaining independence.


Premise: When was the system originally supposed to be released?

Hypothesis: While others stated that Nintendo had an excellent nine-week market test in New York last fall Due to the moderate success launch in New York City, Nintendo tried a second time; the system was test-marketed further beginning in February 1986, with the nationwide release occurring in September 1986.


Premise: When were the Allobrogi defeated?

Hypothesis: The Roman expansion brought the defeat of the Allobrogi in 121 BC and during the Gallic Wars in 58 BC Julius Caesar overcame the Helvetii.


Premise: What author had a great impact in Rome?

Hypothesis: The words of the comic playwright P. Terentius Afer reverberated across the Roman world of the mid-2nd century BCE and beyond.


Premise: Which artist chose mundane and low class subjects?

Hypothesis: Artists such as Peiraikos chose mundane and lower class subjects for his paintings.


Premise: What states that energy tends to become more evenly spread out across the universe?

Hypothesis: It would appear that living organisms are remarkably inefficient (in the physical sense) in their use of the energy they receive (chemical energy or radiation), and it is true that most real machines manage higher efficiencies.


Premise: What highway is used to designate locations in Houston?

Hypothesis: The ward designation is the progenitor of the eleven current-day geographically oriented Houston City Council districts.


Premise: What are parapodia?

Hypothesis: Hence annelids' chetae are structurally different from the setae ("bristles") of arthropods, which are made of the more rigid α-chitin, have a single internal cavity, and are mounted on flexible joints in shallow pits in the cuticle.


Premise: How does the Quran describe the similarity of messages God has delivered throughout human history?

Hypothesis: The message has been identical and for all humankind.


Premise: Who forbade the  english fisherman to setup seasonal camps in Newfoundland?

Hypothesis: In fact, although English fishermen had begun setting up seasonal camps in Newfoundland in the 16th Century, they were expressly forbidden by the British government, at the urging of the West Country fishing industry, from establishing permanent settlements along the English controlled coast, hence the town of St. John's was not established as a permanent community until after the 1630s at the earliest.


Premise: Is there a pplace where lovers of the chicken are able to see some of its best attributes ?

Hypothesis: In many countries, national and regional poultry shows are held where enthusiasts exhibit their birds which are judged on certain phenotypical breed traits as specified by their respective breed standards.


Premise: When did Johan Cruyff join Barcelona?

Hypothesis: The 1973–74 season saw the arrival of Johan Cruyff, who was bought for a world record £920,000 from Ajax.


Premise: How many different players have won the top scorer title?

Hypothesis: Since the first Premier League season in 1992–93, 14 different players from 10 different clubs have won or shared the top scorers title.


Premise: In which competition did Lapua win a metal for Tuvalu?

Hypothesis: At the 2013 Pacific Mini Games, Tuau Lapua Lapua won Tuvalu's first gold medal in an international competition in the weightlifting 62 kilogram male snatch.


Premise: what group released "Big Fun" and "Good Life" in 1988?

Hypothesis: Blake Baxter's 1986 recording, "When we Used to Play / Work your Body", 1987's "Bounce Your Body to the Box" and "Force Field", "The Sound / How to Play our Music" and "the Groove that Won't Stop" and a remix of "Grooving Without a Doubt".


Premise: What remains a controversy regarding how to refer to the indigenous peoples of the Americas?

Hypothesis: Many English exonyms have been used to refer to the indigenous peoples of the Americas.


Premise: When did Everton FC launch their new crest?

Hypothesis: In May 2013, the club launched a new crest to improve the reproducibility of the design in print and broadcast media, particularly on a small scale.


Premise: South Africa's Medicines Act allowed for the generic production of what kind of drugs?

Hypothesis: To do so, they would need to ignore the patents on drugs and produce generics within the country (using a compulsory license), or import them from abroad.


Premise: What was the first final score recorded of a Canadian football game?

Hypothesis: It was between the First Battalion Grenadier Guards and the Second Battalion Scots Fusilier Guards resulting in a win by the Grenadier Guards 3 goals, 2 rouges to nothing.[citation needed]


Premise: Which country did the Pact conquer?

Hypothesis: The multi-national Communist armed forces' sole joint action was the Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia in August 1968.


Premise: What annelids make a cocoon in a ring around themselves?

Hypothesis: The minority of living polychaetes whose reproduction and lifecycles are known produce trochophore larvae, that live as plankton and then sink and metamorphose into miniature adults.


Premise: To whom did Barcelona appeal to lift the transfer bad?

Hypothesis: In late December, Barcelona's appeal to the Court of Arbitration for Sport was unsuccessful and the original transfer ban was reinstated, leaving the club unable to utilise the 2015 winter and summer transfer windows.


Premise: Sharks appeared at about how many Mya?

Hypothesis: Sharks appeared about 450 Mya, amphibians about 400 Mya, reptiles about 350 Mya, and mammals about 200 Mya.


Premise: Whose plan called for Arabs to recognize the state of Israel in exchange for territories Israel gained?

Hypothesis: His plan called for Arabs to recognize the state of Israel in exchange for territories Israel gained.


Premise: What name was given to the telephone that sort of worked?

Hypothesis: On June 2, 1875, Watson accidentally plucked one of the reeds and Bell, at the receiving end of the wire, heard the overtones of the reed; overtones that would be necessary for transmitting speech.


Premise: What do newer computer drives use instead of stepper motors?

Hypothesis: As drive density increased, the precision and speed limitations of stepper motors made them obsolete for hard drives—the precision limitation made them unusable, and the speed limitation made them uncompetitive—thus newer hard disk drives use voice coil-based head actuator systems.


Premise: How many Greek citizens were displace due to Nazi retaliations?

Hypothesis: In the course of the concerted anti-guerrilla campaign, hundreds of villages were systematically torched and almost 1,000,000 Greeks left homeless.


Premise: In Swaziland, what is SIMPA?

Hypothesis: In addition to these institutions, Swaziland also has the Swaziland Institute of Management and Public Administration (SIMPA) and Institute of Development Management (IDM).


Premise: What types of organizations are NPOs usually associated with?

Hypothesis: Although charities do comprise an often high profile or visible aspect of the sector, there are many other types of nonprofits.


Premise: When did Konrad Zuse invent the Z2?

Hypothesis: These devices had a low operating speed and were eventually superseded by much faster all-electric computers, originally using vacuum tubes.


Premise: What organization operates the missile test site?

Hypothesis: Marshallese land owners receive rent for the base.


Premise: When was the summit of Mount Suribachi reached by U.S. marines?

Hypothesis: On 23 February, the 28th Marine Regiment reached the summit of Suribachi, prompting the now famous Raising the Flag on Iwo Jima picture.


Premise: When did Rębała and colleagues studied several Slavic populations with the aim of localizing the Proto-Slavic homeland?

Hypothesis: In 2007 Rębała and colleagues studied several Slavic populations with the aim of localizing the Proto-Slavic homeland.


Premise: What is known as the Bonnie Blue Flag

Hypothesis: This flag would later become known as the "Bonnie Blue Flag".


Premise: What name may refer both to Balts and Slavs?

Hypothesis: The relationship between the Slavs and a tribe called the Veneti east of the River


Premise: How do the BBC's non-domestic channels generate revenue?

Hypothesis: The BBC's international television channels are funded by advertisements and subscription.


Premise: Smart Bodies is an example of an initiative that was started by what level of government?

Hypothesis: An example of a state initiative to promote nutrition literacy is Smart Bodies, a public-private partnership between the state’s largest university system and largest health insurer, Louisiana State Agricultural Center and Blue Cross and Blue Shield of Louisiana Foundation.


Premise: What are some services that are offered by VIP services?

Hypothesis: The premium and VIP services may include express check-in and dedicated check-in counters.


Premise: Who restricted the federal government's enforcement powers?

Hypothesis: The government's attempts to use the law to prosecute manufacturers for making unsupported claims of efficacy were undercut by a Supreme Court ruling restricting the federal government's enforcement powers to cases of incorrect specification of the drug's ingredients.


Premise: Who occupied the role that would later become prime minister under Henry VIII?

Hypothesis: The monarchs of England and the United Kingdom had ministers in whom they placed special trust and who were regarded as the head of the government.


Premise: Who won the Al-Gaddafi International Prize for Human Rights in 1989?

Hypothesis: In June, Libya's government issued the Great Green Charter on Human Rights in the Era of the Masses, in which 27 articles laid out goals, rights and guarantees to improve the situation of human rights in Libya, restricting the use of the death penalty and calling for its eventual abolition.


Premise: What was Elizabeth's fathers title at the time of her birth?

Hypothesis: Called "Lilibet" by her close family, based on what she called herself at first, she was cherished by her grandfather George V, and during his serious illness in 1929 her regular visits were credited in the popular press and by later biographers with raising his spirits and aiding his recovery.


Premise: When was Strasbourg annexed by the Kingdom of France?

Hypothesis: Nowadays, Strasbourg is known to offer among the best university courses in France, after Paris.


Premise: What was the name of the cursive script that gave expression to spoken words?

Hypothesis: Hiragana gave written expression to the spoken word and, with it, to the rise in Japan's famous vernacular literature, much of it written by court women who had not been trained in Chinese as had their male counterparts.


Premise: What military base is located near the airport?

Hypothesis: The airport shares runways with the adjacent Charleston Air Force Base.


Premise: When did Derby resign?

Hypothesis: Derby resigned in 1868, to be replaced by Benjamin Disraeli, who charmed Victoria.


Premise: Near what city in Sudan do many Somalis reside?

Hypothesis: In addition, there is an historical Somali community in the general Sudan area.


Premise: When did the Metropole du Grand Paris come into existence?

Hypothesis: The Métropole du Grand Paris, or Metropolis of Greater Paris, formally came into existence on January 1, 2016.


Premise: Who ended discrimination against difference Christian sects in Portugal?

Hypothesis: By 1755, Sebastião de Melo was made Prime Minister.


Premise: What caused mortgage lenders to relax underwriting standards and approve riskier mortgages?

Hypothesis: However, as market power shifted from securitizers to originators and as intense competition from private securitizers undermined GSE power, mortgage standards declined and risky loans proliferated.


Premise: 1000 men occupied which cities?

Hypothesis: Cajen attained several advantages over the liberals within the state, but soon lost his standing due to a strong resurgence of the liberal forces within the state.


Premise: What are large air-filled cavities that connect to the respiratory system?

Hypothesis: The last few are fused with the pelvis to form the synsacrum.


Premise: What is -v- used for?

Hypothesis: In this standard one can find, among other features: the definite article lo instead of el, special possessive pronouns and determinants la mia ('mine'), lo sou/la sua ('his/her'), lo tou/la tua ('yours'), and so on, the use of -v- /v/ in the imperfect tense in all conjugations: cantava, creixiva, llegiva; the use of many archaic words, usual words in Alguerese: manco instead of menys ('less'), calqui u instead of algú ('someone'), qual/quala instead of quin/quina ('which'), and so on; and the adaptation of weak pronouns.


Premise: How is Victoria related to Elizabeth?

Hypothesis: In 2015, she surpassed the reign of her great-great-grandmother, Queen Victoria, to become the longest-reigning British head of state and the longest-reigning queen regnant in world history.


Premise: What can see stealth aircraft even with RCS?

Hypothesis: Advanced forms of thermographic cameras such as those that incorporate QWIPs would be able to optically see a Stealth aircraft regardless of the aircraft's RCS.


Premise: How many active programs does the foundation have?

Hypothesis: The foundation claims it has, as of 2011, active programs in 290 cocoa growing communities in Côte d'Ivoire and Ghana, reaching a total population of 689,000 people to help eliminate the worst forms of child labour in cocoa industry.


Premise: Which landmark still remains from the Imperial Institue after Imperial's expansion?

Hypothesis: high Queen's Tower remains among the more modern buildings.


Premise: Who released the Campos operation to the public?

Hypothesis: The FBI operation was covert and did not become known until U.S. Congressman Luis Gutierrez had it made public via the Freedom of Information Act in the 1980s.


Premise: Of what did Aeneas establish the central feature?

Hypothesis: Aeneas had been given refuge by King Evander, a Greek exile from Arcadia, to whom were attributed other religious foundations: he established the Ara Maxima, "Greatest Altar," to Hercules at the site that would become the Forum Boarium, and he was the first to celebrate the Lupercalia, an archaic festival in February that was celebrated as late as the 5th century of the Christian era.


Premise: How many parts does the trophy come in?

Hypothesis: The FA decided to change the design after the 1909 winners, Manchester United, made their own replica, leading the FA to realise they did not own the copyright.


Premise: What North Carolina City hosts the Merlefest?

Hypothesis: MerleFest in Wilkesboro attracts more than 80,000 people to its four-day music festival; and Wet 'n Wild Emerald Pointe water park in Greensboro is another attraction.


Premise: When did Carrion Jr. retire as Borough President?

Hypothesis: His successor, Democratic New York State Assembly member Rubén Díaz, Jr., who won a special election on April 21, 2009 by a vote of 86.3% (29,420) on the "Bronx Unity" line to 13.3% (4,646) for the Republican district leader Anthony Ribustello on the "People First" line, became Borough President on May 1.


Premise: In what year did Otto I become Holy Roman Emperor?

Hypothesis: Its efforts culminated in the coronation in 962 of Otto I (r. 936–973) as Holy Roman Emperor.


Premise: What group were the ancestors of the American Indians separated from?

Hypothesis: Genetic studies of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) of Amerindians and some Siberian and Central Asian peoples also revealed that the gene pool of the Turkic-speaking peoples of Siberia such as Altaians, Khakas, Shors and Soyots, living between the Altai and Lake Baikal along the Sayan mountains, are genetically closest to Amerindians.[citation needed]


Premise: Youtube's financial records are not reported by who?

Hypothesis: In January 2012, it was estimated that visitors to YouTube spent an average of 15 minutes a day on the site, in contrast to the four or five hours a day spent by a typical U.S. citizen watching television.


Premise: What is the term for keys used for identification?

Hypothesis: The choice and sequence of the characters may be artificial in keys designed purely for identification (diagnostic keys) or more closely related to the natural or phyletic order of the taxa in synoptic keys.


Premise: What type of town is Swakopmund?

Hypothesis: The most visited places include the capital city of Windhoek, Caprivi Strip, Fish River Canyon, Sossusvlei, the Skeleton Coast Park, Sesriem, Etosha Pan and the coastal towns of Swakopmund, Walvis Bay and Lüderitz.


Premise: Who wrote the story on Tulisa Contostavlos?

Hypothesis: On Sunday's undercover reporter Mahzer Mahmood, who had previously worked for the News of the World.


Premise: Due to Guam being so close to Anatahan, what dod they have to worry about?

Hypothesis: However, due to its proximity to Anatahan, vog (i.e. volcanic smog) does occasionally affect Guam.


Premise: What is the name of the plateau that lies west of the Rocky Mountains?

Hypothesis: West of the Rocky Mountains lies the Intermontane Plateaus (also known as the Intermountain West), a large, arid desert lying between the Rockies and the Cascades and Sierra Nevada ranges.


Premise: This reference also holds significance as what the the Grecian people ?

Hypothesis: i thanatos (freedom or death), which was the motto of the Greek War of Independence.


Premise: When compared, how similar are the rituals and passwords from the turn of the 17 - 18 centuries to the ones from the later 18th century?

Hypothesis: There is no clear mechanism by which these local trade organisations became today's Masonic Lodges, but the earliest rituals and passwords known, from operative lodges around the turn of the 17th–18th centuries, show continuity with the rituals developed in the later 18th century by accepted or speculative Masons, as those members who did not practice the physical craft came to be known.


Premise: What has demonstrated a history of sign use in the Yellow River valley?

Hypothesis: " They do however demonstrate a history of sign use in the Yellow River valley during the Neolithic through to the Shang period.


Premise: What are these resources collected for?

Hypothesis: Parallel with the growth of specialized agencies for conducting or supporting statescraft in the second half of the 20th century has been the collection of resources for scholarship and research typically in university settings.


Premise: Who began the interest in Whitehead at Chicago's Divinity School?

Hypothesis: Professors such as Wieman, Charles Hartshorne, Bernard Loomer, Bernard Meland, and Daniel Day Williams made Whitehead's philosophy arguably the most important intellectual thread running through the Divinity School.


Premise: For what type of military applications are pancake motors currently used?

Hypothesis: Due to the variety of constructions now available, the technology is used in applications from high temperature military to low cost pump and basic servos.


Premise: What is the western edge of Tucson's downtown?

Hypothesis: Some authorities include the 4th Avenue shopping district, which is set just northeast of the rest of downtown and connected by an underpass beneath the UPRR tracks.


Premise: How does the British crown view Bermuda?

Hypothesis: The Crown strengthened its political and economic ties to Bermuda, and the colony's independence on the world stage was diminished.


Premise: What was the name of the Empire that the country is now named after?

Hypothesis: After a long period of one-party rule, a coup in 1991 led to the writing of a new constitution and the establishment of Mali as a democratic, multi-party state.


Premise: What is also increased along with the antenna's height?

Hypothesis: As the antenna height is increased, the number of lobes increases as well.


Premise: What crowdfunding platform was used in the concert?

Hypothesis: Beyoncé became an ambassador for the 2012 World Humanitarian Day campaign donating her song "I Was Here" and its music video, shot in the UN, to the campaign.


Premise: What do comtemporary scholars think that post-punk actually did for music?

Hypothesis: Contemporary scholars have argued to the contrary, asserting that the period produced significant innovations and music on its own.


Premise: Which species of birds were recorded 3,000 years ago?

Hypothesis: Threats to migratory birds have grown with habitat destruction especially of stopover and wintering sites, as well as structures such as power lines and wind farms.


Premise: What museum is famous for its dinosaur artifacts?

Hypothesis: There are also notable private museums; The Contemporary Art museum of the Louis Vuitton Foundation, designed by architect Frank Gehry, opened in October 2014 in the Bois de Boulogne.


Premise: Who assumed control of the island after the death of James II?

Hypothesis: Following the death in 1473 of James II, the last Lusignan king, the Republic of Venice assumed control of the island, while the late king's Venetian widow, Queen Catherine Cornaro, reigned as figurehead.


Premise: What was done after Amanda Todd's death?

Hypothesis: Similarly, in response to fifteen-year-old Amanda Todd's video "


Premise: Which of the three branches has the duty of Commander and Chief?

Hypothesis: the president becomes the Commander in Chief of the Army and Navy, Militia of several states when called into service, has power to make treaties and appointments to office "with the Advice and Consent of the Senate," receive Ambassadors and Public Ministers, and "take care that the laws be faithfully executed"


Premise: What was the focus of paintings in Italy?

Hypothesis: The two cultures influenced each other and learned from each other, but painting in the Netherlands remained more focused on textures and surfaces than the idealized compositions of Italy.


Premise: While many, the perceptions of Christianity can sometimes what?

Hypothesis: There are diverse interpretations of Christianity which sometimes conflict.


Premise: Who is responsible for interpreting the Constitution?

Hypothesis: The Expediency Council has the authority to mediate disputes between Parliament and the Guardian Council, and serves as an advisory body to the Supreme Leader, making it one of the most powerful governing bodies in the country.


Premise: When did Iwo Jima come under bombardment?

Hypothesis: As soon as the Marines pushed inland to a line of enemy bunkers, they came under devastating machine gun and artillery fire which cut down many of the men.


Premise: What color was Apples new iMac, which was introduced in 1998?

Hypothesis: In 1998, Apple introduced its new iMac which, like the original 128K Mac, was an all-in-one computer.


Premise: How large was the biggest find of copper?

Hypothesis: Copper is synthesized in massive stars and is present in the Earth's crust at a concentration of about 50 parts per million (ppm), where it occurs as native copper or in minerals such as the copper sulfides chalcopyrite and chalcocite, the copper carbonates azurite and malachite, and the copper(I) oxide mineral cuprite.


Premise: Most Southernly town of somerset

Hypothesis: Somerton took over from Ilchester as the county town in the late thirteenth century, but it declined in importance and the status of county town transferred to Taunton about 1366.


Premise: What inferior versions of movies are available for piracy during the theatrical run of a movie called?

Hypothesis: To prevent piracy of films, the standard drill of film distribution is to have a movie first released through movie theaters (theatrical window), on average approximately 16 and a half weeks, before having it released to Blu-Ray and DVD (entering its video window).


Premise: How tall is Mount Olympus?

Hypothesis: Mount Olympus, the mythical abode of the Greek Gods, culminates at Mytikas peak 2,918 metres (9,573 ft), the highest in the country.


Premise: How many Indians helped build the infrastructure?

Hypothesis: A major labor draft, the desagüe, compelled thousands of Indians over the colonial period to work on infrastructure to prevent flooding.


Premise: Which Hindu kingdom existed around 200 BCE?

Hypothesis: The Jawa Dwipa Hindu kingdom in Java and Sumatra existed around 200 BCE.


Premise: What did parents accuse builders of doing?

Hypothesis: Thousands of parents around the province have accused local officials and builders of cutting corners in school construction, citing that after the quake other nearby buildings were little damaged.


Premise: What did the beginning of the 18th century mark the beginning of in Europe?

Hypothesis: Early 17th-century philosophy is often called the Age of Rationalism and is considered to succeed Renaissance philosophy and precede the Age of Enlightenment, but some consider it as the earliest part of the Enlightenment era in philosophy, extending that era to two centuries.


Premise: What document states that treaties must be registered with the United Nations to be invoked before it or enforced in the International Court of Justice?

Hypothesis: Section 103 of the Charter also states that its members' obligations under it outweigh any competing obligations under other treaties.


Premise: How many of the Roman military were involved in the Battle of Allia River?

Hypothesis: The Romans met the Gauls in pitched battle at the Battle of Allia River around 390–387 BC.


Premise: What system was adopted in Hungary after WWII?

Hypothesis: The tests were a success so, from 1932 until the 1960s, trains on the Budapest-Hegyeshalom line (towards Vienna) regularly used the same system.


Premise: According to Plato, who was above the law?

Hypothesis: Plato advocated a benevolent monarchy ruled by an idealized philosopher king, who was above the law.


Premise: What is microscopy used for?

Hypothesis: Another principal tool in the diagnosis of infectious disease is microscopy.


Premise: How many people lived in Charleston in 2010?

Hypothesis: By 1690, Charles Town was the fifth-largest city in North America, and it remained among the 10 largest cities in the United States through the 1840 census.


Premise: What color did Iraq War protesters paint the A?

Hypothesis: This was followed by a paint scuffle where the "A" was painted various colors until the city council intervened.


Premise: What does boiling sweet wort destroy?

Hypothesis: During boiling, water in the wort evaporates, but the sugars and other components of the wort remain; this allows more efficient use of the starch sources in the beer.


Premise: How many music certifications has she received in the 2000s?

Hypothesis: The Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) listed Beyoncé as the top certified artist of the 2000s, with a total of 64 certifications.


Premise: Where did anti-terrorist fighting take place?

Hypothesis: In January 2002, the U.S. sent more than 1,200 troops (later raised to 2,000) to assist the Armed Forces of the Philippines in combating terrorist groups linked to al-Qaida, such as Abu Sayyaf, under Operation Enduring Freedom - Philippines.


Premise: When was the first World's Fair?

Hypothesis: Industry, along with the U.S. Centennial, was celebrated in 1876 with the Centennial Exposition, the first official World's Fair in the United States.


Premise: What does Nyaya say causes human suffering?

Hypothesis: It holds that human suffering results from mistakes/defects produced by activity under wrong knowledge (notions and ignorance).


Premise: Who leads the movement that pursues secular Jews in order to give them stronger Jewish identity?

Hypothesis: There is also a trend of Orthodox movements pursuing secular Jews in order to give them a stronger Jewish identity so there is less chance of intermarriage.


Premise: What does halakha guide?

Hypothesis: To the Orthodox Jew, halakha is a guide, God's Law, governing the structure of daily life from the moment he or she wakes up to the moment he goes to sleep.


Premise: What magazine refuted the claims made by The Sun in its article about the forum?

Hypothesis: The story has since been removed from The Sun's website following complaints to the UK's Press Complaints Commission.


Premise: What culture was the boy from?

Hypothesis: "We estimate that 14 to 38 percent of Native American ancestry may originate through gene flow from this ancient population," the authors wrote.


Premise: What do most Western languages use in their written form to add clarity?

Hypothesis: Most Western languages (particularly those with writing systems based on the Latin, Cyrillic, Greek, Coptic, and Armenian alphabets) use letter cases in their written form as an aid to clarity.


Premise: The Mediterranean was created by the collision of Europe and what?

Hypothesis: Sea level changes exposed the land-bridge between Alaska and Asia.


Premise: Of what were such claims of deity relations the start?

Hypothesis: Most notably in the very late Republic, the Julii claimed Venus Genetrix as ancestor; this would be one of many foundations for the Imperial cult.


Premise: What gear ration creates 78.26 rpm?

Hypothesis: This motor ran at 3600 rpm, such that a 46:1 gear ratio would produce 78.26 rpm.


Premise: Where is the divinity herself purified?

Hypothesis: Tacitus wrote in his Germania: Germania 9.6: Ceterum nec cohibere parietibus deos neque in ullam humani oris speciem adsimulare ex magnitudine caelestium arbitrator – "The Germans, however, do not consider it consistent with the grandeur of celestial beings to confine the gods within walls, or to liken them to the form of any human countenance."


Premise: What horrible event was on-going during Clinton's term that made people upset?

Hypothesis: They cite the lack of action during the Rwandan Genocide and his welfare reform, which Larry Roberts said had led to the worst child poverty since the 1960s.


Premise: How far is the Bab al-Azizia barracks from Tripoli?

Hypothesis: Following his ascension to power, Gaddafi moved into the Bab al-Azizia barracks, a six-mile long fortified compound located two miles from the center of Tripoli.


Premise: What degree does not include simple formulas for cubic and quatric equations?

Hypothesis: Abstract properties of Galois groups associated with polynomials (in particular their solvability) give a criterion for polynomials that have all their solutions expressible by radicals, i.e. solutions expressible using solely addition, multiplication, and roots similar to the formula above.


Premise: Where did Carl Menger and Friedrich von Wieser influence Hayek?

Hypothesis: During Hayek's years at the University of Vienna, Carl Menger's work on the explanatory strategy of social science and Friedrich von Wieser's commanding presence in the classroom left a lasting influence on him.


Premise: What was the name of the group that made its platform known on October 2?

Hypothesis: On October 2, the Popular Front formally launched its political platform at a two-day congress.


Premise: What do neuroanatomists study?

Hypothesis: The oldest method of studying the brain is anatomical, and until the middle of the 20th century, much of the progress in neuroscience came from the development of better cell stains and better microscopes.


Premise: What is it called when a dielectric constant changes with frequency?

Hypothesis: A changing dielectric constant with frequency is referred to as dielectric dispersion, and is governed by dielectric relaxation processes, such as Debye relaxation.


Premise: When was "The Aims of Education and Other Essays" published?

Hypothesis: The Aims of Education and Other Essays, which collected numerous essays and addresses by Whitehead on the subject published between 1912 and 1927.


Premise: Who captured Atlanta?

Hypothesis: The Confederate capital was abandoned in April 1865 and Lee subsequently surrendered his army at Appomattox Court House; all other Confederate armies surrendered within a few months.


Premise: In what African country did US troops participate in peacekeeping operations?

Hypothesis: The incident profoundly affected US thinking about peacekeeping and intervention.


Premise: What is sometimes a prerequisite of obtaining a hunting license?

Hypothesis: Some states make a distinction between protected species and unprotected species (often vermin or varmints for which there are no hunting regulations).


Premise: In which season was the "Fan Save" first used?

Hypothesis: The "Fan Save" was introduced in the fourteenth season.


Premise: What country did Hayek arrive in where he provided his disctinction between totalitarianism and authoritarianism?

Hypothesis: For Hayek, the supposedly stark difference between authoritarianism and totalitarianism has much importance and Hayek places heavy weight on this distinction in his defence of transitional dictatorship.


Premise: What is diagnosis based on typically?

Hypothesis: Spirometry is then used to confirm the diagnosis.


Premise: Where on Neptune does weather not occur?

Hypothesis: There are also high-altitude cloud bands that wrap around the planet at constant latitude.


Premise: Jaipur is also known as what city?

Hypothesis: Rajasthan's Jaipur Jantar Mantar, Mehrangarh Fort and Stepwell of Jodhpur, Dilwara Temples, Chittorgarh Fort, Lake Palace, miniature paintings in Bundi, and numerous city palaces and haveli's are part of the architectural heritage of India.


Premise: What occurs when a wrestler enters the ring?

Hypothesis: All notable wrestlers now enter the ring accompanied by music, and regularly add other elements to their entrance.


Premise: After the Human Genome Project, how many genes were encoded on the mitochondrial genome?

Hypothesis: Subsequently, the sequencing in the Human Genome Project indicated that many of these transcripts were alternative variants of the same genes, and the total number of protein-coding genes was revised down to ~20,000 with 13 genes encoded on the mitochondrial genome.


Premise: How many established ISP were within the territory in 2006?

Hypothesis: The Somali Telecommunication Association (STA), a watchdog organization that oversees the policy development and regulatory framework of Somalia's ICT sector, reported in 2006 that there were over half a million users of internet services within the territory.


Premise: What would often lead Rome to wage war in foreign lands?

Hypothesis: Nevertheless, it was generally the fate of the greatest of Rome's enemies, such as Pyrrhus and Hannibal, to win early battles but lose the war.


Premise: Which Prussian ruler chose to go to war with France for control of Central Europe?

Hypothesis: A collection of German states intended to serve as a buffer zone between France and Central Europe, the creation of the Confederation spelled the end of the Holy Roman Empire and significantly alarmed the Prussians.


Premise: When did the 3.7-inch HAA gun become preferred?

Hypothesis: In 1928 3.7-inch became the preferred solution, but it took 6 years to gain funding.


Premise: What is varmint hunting an American phrase for?

Hypothesis: In the US state of Louisiana, a non-native rodent known as a nutria has become so destructive to the local ecosystem that the state has initiated a bounty program to help control the population.


Premise: Rebirth into the Śuddhāvāsa Worlds or Pure Abodes can only be attained by who?

Hypothesis: The above are further subdivided into 31 planes of existence.[web 4] Rebirths in some of the higher heavens, known as the Śuddhāvāsa Worlds or Pure Abodes, can be attained only by skilled Buddhist practitioners known as anāgāmis (non-returners).


Premise: Why did this happen?

Hypothesis: This occurred following an insistence by the European Commission that exclusive rights should not be sold to one television company.


Premise: What areas of study is wrestling talked about in?

Hypothesis: It is often included as part of studies on theatre, sociology, performance, and media.


Premise: Where is Washington University's north campus located?

Hypothesis: North Campus lies in St. Louis City near the Delmar Loop.


Premise: What committee did Kerry chair in 1991-1993?

Hypothesis: Kerry chaired the Senate Select Committee on POW/MIA Affairs from 1991 to 1993.


Premise: Which alphanumeric LED display can display all letters?

Hypothesis: Starburst displays can display all letters.


Premise: In addition to criticism received for employing non-Muslims, for what notable reason did some Muslims criticize the Umayyads?

Hypothesis: Many Muslims criticized the Umayyads for having too many non-Muslim, former Roman administrators in their government.


Premise: What castle was built at a strategic point?

Hypothesis: The Norman frontiers had limited natural defences but were heavily reinforced with castles, such as Château Gaillard, at strategic points, built and maintained at considerable expense.


Premise: What was common for families of ruthenian and lithuanian?

Hypothesis: In Ruthenia the nobility gradually gravitated its loyalty towards the multicultural and multilingual Grand Duchy of Lithuania after the principalities of Halych and Volhynia became a part of it.


Premise: In mammals, brain volume and body mass follows a power law with an exponent of what?

Hypothesis: This formula describes the central tendency, but every family of mammals departs from it to some degree, in a way that reflects in part the complexity of their behavior.


Premise: What is the name of a political show shown on BBC in Northern Ireland?

Hypothesis: Programmes, such as the politically fuelled Give My Head Peace (produced by BBC Northern Ireland) and the soap opera River City (produced by BBC Scotland), have been created specifically to cater for some viewers in their respective nations, who may have found programmes created for English audiences irrelevant.


Premise: Why did Chopin want his body opened when he died?

Hypothesis: Later that morning, Solange's husband Clésinger made Chopin's death mask and a cast of his left hand.


Premise: What role does wrestling fill?

Hypothesis: While pro wrestling is often described simplistically as a "soap opera for males", it has also been cited as filling the role of past forms of literature and theatre; a synthesis of classical heroics, commedia dell'arte, revenge tragedies, morality plays, and burlesque.


Premise: How much identified as white?

Hypothesis: A 2007 genetic study found that at least 29% of the middle-class, white Brazilian population had some recent (since 1822 and the end of the colonial period)


Premise: Who composed the Sabre Dance?

Hypothesis: Whilst under Soviet rule, Armenian classical music composer Aram Khatchaturian became internationally well known for his music, for various ballets and the Sabre Dance from his composition for the ballet Gayane.


Premise: West and East Slavs are sometimes combined into a single group called what?

Hypothesis: Modern Slavic nations and ethnic groups are considerably diverse both genetically and culturally, and relations between them – even within the individual ethnic groups themselves –


Premise: What is the optimum amount of rainfall for cotton growth?

Hypothesis: In general, these conditions are met within the seasonally dry tropics and subtropics in the Northern and Southern hemispheres, but a large proportion of the cotton grown today is cultivated in areas with less rainfall that obtain the water from irrigation.


Premise: What is the internet service provided through?

Hypothesis: Saint Helena has a 10/3.6 Mbit/s internet link via Intelsat 707 provided by SURE.


Premise: In modern day which of the stadiums have continue to host minor sport leagues?

Hypothesis: New Haven has a history of professional sports franchises dating back to the 19th century and has been the home to professional baseball, basketball, football, hockey, and soccer teams—including the New York Giants of the National Football League from 1973 to 1974, who played at the Yale Bowl.


Premise: Besides the ALU, input and output devices, what are the other two main components of a computer?

Hypothesis: A general purpose computer has four main components: the arithmetic logic unit (ALU), the control unit, the memory, and the input and output devices (collectively termed I/O).


Premise: Which government was responsible in Canadian history for this fact?

Hypothesis: All military occupations were open to women in 1989, with the exception of submarine service, which opened in 2000.


Premise: Where did Kanye West's mother work before becoming his manager?

Hypothesis: His parents divorced when he was three and he and his mother moved to Chicago, Illinois.


Premise: Apollo 7 launched from Earth on what date?

Hypothesis: Apollo 1's mission to check out the Apollo Command/Service Module in Earth orbit was accomplished by Grissom's backup crew commanded by Walter Schirra on Apollo 7, launched on October 11, 1968.