Premise: When did India and Pakistan gain independence?

Hypothesis: Though Britain and its allies were ultimately victorious in 1945, the United States and the Soviet Union rose as pre-eminent world powers and the British Empire declined.


Premise: What was the title of Pippin?

Hypothesis: The 7th century was a tumultuous period of wars between Austrasia and Neustria.


Premise: What's the minimum amount of copper a layer in a PCB can have to be considered "heavy copper"?

Hypothesis: PCB designers and fabricators often use heavy copper when design and manufacturing circuit boards in order to increase current-carrying capacity as well as resistance to thermal strains.


Premise: Where do state banquets take place?

Hypothesis: On this grand occasion, all the state rooms are in use, as the royal family proceed through them, beginning at the great north doors of the Picture Gallery.


Premise: Who was able to describe the process of evaporation?

Hypothesis: Han-era astronomers adopted a geocentric model of the universe, theorizing that it was shaped like a sphere surrounding the earth in the center.


Premise: What did Bell think could be collected from farm and factory byproduct?

Hypothesis: Methane gas, he reasoned, could be produced from the waste of farms and factories.


Premise: From what word is Greece derived?

Hypothesis: Although the Greeks call the country Hellas or Ellada (Greek: Ἑλλάς or Ελλάδα) and its official name is the Hellenic Republic, in English it is referred to as Greece, which comes from the Latin term Graecia as used by the Romans, which literally means 'the land of the Greeks', and derives from the Greek name Γραικός.


Premise: The American observer said what about the damage to London?

Hypothesis: The physical damage to civilian London, to sum up, was more general and more extensive than I had imagined.


Premise: What film won the Palme d'Or at Cannes in 1998?

Hypothesis: Cacoyannis also directed Zorba the Greek with Anthony Quinn which received Best Director, Best Adapted Screenplay and Best Film nominations.


Premise: Who was Henry Hudson working for?

Hypothesis: He proceeded to sail up what he named the North River, also called the Mauritis River, and now known as the Hudson River, to the site of the present-day New York State capital of Albany in the belief that it might represent an oceanic tributary.


Premise: What is the population of Saint Helena?

Hypothesis: Saint Helena measures about 16 by 8 kilometres (10 by 5 mi) and has a population of 4,255 (2008 census).


Premise: What process caused the financial system to both expand and become fragile?

Hypothesis: Thus, policymakers did not immediately recognize the increasingly important role played by financial institutions such as investment banks and hedge funds, also known as the shadow banking system.


Premise: What was a key factor in Frossard's disasterous retreat to the south?

Hypothesis: Seriously flawed communications between Frossard and those in reserve under Bazaine slowed down so much that by the time the reserves received orders to move out to Spicheren, German soldiers from the 1st and 2nd armies had charged up the heights.


Premise: The oldest brain found in a cave was from what gender of human?

Hypothesis: The oldest brain to have been discovered was in Armenia in the Areni-1 cave complex.


Premise: When was the time limit on video length first enacted on youtube?

Hypothesis: When YouTube was launched in 2005, it was possible to upload long videos, but a ten-minute limit was introduced in March 2006 after YouTube found that the majority of videos exceeding this length were unauthorized uploads of television shows and films.


Premise: What did Napoleon III and the royal couple visit?

Hypothesis: Napoleon III met the couple at Dunkirk and accompanied them to Paris.


Premise: What philosophical term corresponds to the type of interpretation in ta'wil?

Hypothesis: There is a spiritual reality—which is the main objective of ordaining a law, or the basic aim in describing a divine attribute—and then there is an actual significance that a Quranic story refers to.


Premise: What is the purpose of the geostationary orbit satellites in the BeiDou-2 system?

Hypothesis: The new system will be a constellation of 35 satellites, which include 5 geostationary orbit satellites for backward compatibility with BeiDou-1, and 30 non-geostationary satellites (27 in medium Earth orbit and 3 in inclined geosynchronous orbit), that will offer complete coverage of the globe.


Premise: What mall is located in Casas Adobes?

Hypothesis: Casas Adobes is centered on the historic Casas Adobes Plaza (built in 1948).


Premise: What aspect does Alister McGrath argue is important in Christianity?

Hypothesis: Christian theologian Alister McGrath writes that there are good reasons to suggest that a "personal god" is integral to the Christian outlook, but that one has to understand it is an analogy.


Premise: What was West Berlin under the sovereignty of?

Hypothesis: From 1957, when the French-occupied Saar Protectorate was returned and formed into the Saarland, the Federal Republic consisted of ten states, which are referred to as the "Old States" today.


Premise: What did Bermuda's merchant shipping fleet do whenever it had the chance?

Hypothesis: For the first two centuries of settlement, the most potent armed force operating from Bermuda was its merchant shipping fleet, which turned to privateering at every opportunity.


Premise: When was the first comprehensive school opened in Gibraltar?

Hypothesis: Students may also continue into the sixth form to complete their A-levels.


Premise: Who designed the Parc de l'Orangerie?

Hypothesis: Strasbourg features a number of prominent parks, of which several are of cultural and historical interest: the Parc de l'Orangerie, laid out as a French garden by André le Nôtre and remodeled as an English garden on behalf of Joséphine de Beauharnais, now displaying noteworthy French gardens, a neo-classical castle and a small zoo; the Parc de la Citadelle, built around impressive remains of the 17th-century fortress erected close to the Rhine by Vauban; the Parc de Pourtalès, laid out in English style around a baroque castle (heavily restored in the 19th century) that now houses a small three-star hotel, and featuring an open-air museum of international contemporary sculpture.


Premise: What did Chinese laborers do after they left that line of work?

Hypothesis: They rapidly left working as laborers, and set up groceries in small towns throughout the South.


Premise: How many plant species does Brazil's Atlantic Forest contain?

Hypothesis: Brazil's Atlantic Forest is considered one such hotspot, containing roughly 20,000 plant species, 1,350 vertebrates, and millions of insects, about half of which occur nowhere else.[citation needed]


Premise: What is the type of symbiotic relationship where the symbionts can live together but can also survive alone?

Hypothesis: Others are facultative (optional): they can, but do not have to live with the other organism.


Premise: How old are most of the native language speakers in northern Catalonia?

Hypothesis: In Northern Catalonia, Catalan has followed the same trend as the other minority languages of France, with most of its native speakers being 60 or older (as of 2004).


Premise: What percent of the Bronx is Hispanic and Latino Americans?

Hypothesis: In 2009, Hispanic and Latino Americans represented 52.0% of the Bronx's population.


Premise: Over what period of time did the reconstruction plan for the Somali Post cover?

Hypothesis: The government's overall reconstruction plan for Somali Post is structured into three Phases spread out over a period of ten years.


Premise: What is the main driver of the economy now?

Hypothesis: The population peaked at more than two million residents in 1950, then began to decline with the restructuring of industry, which led to the loss of many middle-class union jobs.


Premise: Which season's dark mornings led to people complaining about the switch from DST?

Hypothesis: The plan generated widespread complaints due to the dark of wintertime morning, and thus was abandoned in 2014.


Premise: How large is Lafayette Park?

Hypothesis: The 78-acre


Premise: How far is Tucson from Phoenix?

Hypothesis: The city is  located 108 miles (174 km) southeast of Phoenix and 60 mi (97 km) north of the U.S.-Mexico border.


Premise: What is a reason why the water from a water stabilisation pond may be unusable?

Hypothesis: A further environmental advantage is that algae grow in such ponds and consume carbon dioxide in photosynthesis, although algae may produce toxic chemicals that make the water unusable.


Premise: Where did Kanye and his mother relocate when he was 10?

Hypothesis: At the age of 10, West moved with his mother to Nanjing, China, where she was teaching at Nanjing University as part of an exchange program.


Premise: Which state in the US is the only to have higher fuel prices than Alaska?

Hypothesis: Fuel cost per gallon is routinely 20–30¢ higher than the continental United States average, with only Hawaii having higher prices.


Premise: What Russian institutions were removed in the decade following Estonia's reclaim of independence?

Hypothesis: This was a result of the migration policies essential to the Soviet Nationalisation Programme aiming to russify Estonia – administrative and military immigration of non-Estonians from the USSR coupled with the deportation of Estonians to the USSR.


Premise: How many days a year does Detroit get a thick snow pack?

Hypothesis: These usually occur during spring and summer.


Premise: In art, what is the name for the motif of Mary cradling the body of Jesus?

Hypothesis: While not recorded in the Gospel accounts, Mary cradling the dead body of her son is a common motif in art, called a "pietà" or "pity".


Premise: Who has said that Barrino's rendition of Summertime has been his top moment of all seasons?

Hypothesis: The performance of "Summertime" by Barrino, later known simply as "Fantasia", at Top 8 was widely praised, and Simon Cowell considered it as his favorite Idol moment in the nine seasons he was on the show.


Premise: When did Madonna have nude photos taken of her in New York?

Hypothesis: In July, Penthouse and Playboy magazines published a number of nude photos of Madonna, taken in New York in 1978.


Premise: who thought the great plains were the locations of Quivira and Cíbola?

Hypothesis: With the arrival of Francisco Vázquez de Coronado, a Spanish conquistador, the first recorded history of encounter between Europeans and Native Americans in the Great Plains occurred in Texas, Kansas and Nebraska from 1540-1542.


Premise: How many doctoral degrees did Northwestern confer during the 2012-2013 school term?

Hypothesis: Northwestern conferred 2,190 bachelor's degrees, 3,272 master's degrees, 565 doctoral degrees, and 444 professional degrees in 2012–2013.


Premise: When did explorer Carl Anton Larsen become a British citizen?

Hypothesis: Among them was the founder of Grytviken, Captain Carl Anton Larsen, a prominent Norwegian whaler and explorer who, along with his family, adopted British citizenship in 1910.


Premise: What is Kingsbridge Armory being turned into?

Hypothesis: Under consideration for future development is the construction of a platform over the New York City Subway's Concourse Yard adjacent to Lehman College.


Premise: Where are these races held?

Hypothesis: Philadelphia hosts numerous local and collegiate rowing clubs and competitions, including the annual Dad Vail Regatta, the largest intercollegiate rowing event in the U.S, the Stotesbury Cup Regatta, and the Head of the Schuylkill Regatta, all of which are held on the Schuylkill River.


Premise: The public hospital that has been around the longest in the US is what?

Hypothesis: The most well-known hospital in the HHC system is Bellevue Hospital, the oldest public hospital in the United States.


Premise: What was  the Soviet Union suffering from in the 1980's?

Hypothesis: The Cold War drew to a close in the late 1980s and the early 1990s.


Premise: What is this distinction similar to?

Hypothesis: Catalan pronouns exhibit T–V distinction, like all other Romance languages (and most European languages, but not Modern English).


Premise: What group was to approve the new democratic constitution?

Hypothesis: As a consequence, opposition parties were legalized and a national congress of civil and political groups met to draft a new democratic constitution to be approved by a national referendum.


Premise: What happens in a fatal four-way?

Hypothesis: Outside of kayfabe, this is done to give wrestlers a break from the action (as these matches tend to go on for long periods of time), and to make the action in the ring easier to choreograph.


Premise: Were there more Democrats or Republicans in 2007?

Hypothesis: In 2007, registered Democrats outnumbered Republicans by about 7 to 6 in the city, and Democrats currently (as of 2015[update]) hold a 5-4 majority in the city council.


Premise: When did Burke become the Prime Minister's private secretary?

Hypothesis: In 1765 Burke became private secretary to the liberal Whig statesman, Charles, Marquess of Rockingham, then Prime Minister of Great Britain, who remained Burke's close friend and associate until his untimely death in 1782.


Premise: What book did James Gleck write about Feynman?

Hypothesis: and Genius: The Life and Science of Richard Feynman by James Gleick.


Premise: What forces measurement attempts to choose between trade-offs, in quanta?

Hypothesis: There are a number of other such pairs of physically measurable values which obey a similar rule.


Premise: What type of BYU TV network opened in 2000 under Pres. Merrill J. Bateman?

Hypothesis: Bateman was responsible for the building of 36 new buildings for the university both on and off campus, including the expansion of the Harold B. Lee Library.


Premise: When is Oklahoma city sever weather season begin?

Hypothesis: The Oklahoma City metropolitan area is one of the most tornado-prone major cities in the world, with about 150 tornadoes striking within the city limits since 1890.


Premise: How did the Bow Street group pay their employees?

Hypothesis: Unlike the stipendiary system at Bow Street, the river police were full-time, salaried officers prohibited from taking private fees.


Premise: What type of faith is Protestantism?

Hypothesis: It is one of the three major divisions of Christendom, together with Roman Catholicism and Eastern Orthodoxy.


Premise: When may immunity be acquired?

Hypothesis: Resistance to infection (immunity) may be acquired following a disease, by asymptomatic carriage of the pathogen, by harboring an organism with a similar structure (crossreacting), or by vaccination.


Premise: What does Zhe mean in Chinese?

Hypothesis: The province's name derives from the Zhe River (浙江, Zhè Jiāng), the former name of the Qiantang River which flows past Hangzhou and whose mouth forms Hangzhou Bay.


Premise: Which historian commented that the king's act in associating with Chamberlain as unconstitutional?

Hypothesis: While broadly popular among the general public, Chamberlain's policy towards Hitler was the subject of some opposition in the House of Commons, which led historian John Grigg to describe the King's behaviour in associating himself so prominently with a politician as "the most unconstitutional act by a British sovereign in the present century".


Premise: How long has copper been used in building construction?

Hypothesis: Roofs, flashings, rain gutters, downspouts, domes, spires, vaults, and doors have been made from copper for hundreds or thousands of years.


Premise: Which conservative party is popularly against joining the EU?

Hypothesis: Full EU membership is a long-term objective of some in the Swiss government, but there is considerable popular sentiment against this supported by the conservative SVP party.


Premise: What type of business is LeClairRyan?

Hypothesis: Richmond is also home to four of the largest law firms in the United States: Hunton & Williams, McGuireWoods, Williams Mullen, and LeClairRyan.


Premise: Where is a monument located that honors Avicenna?

Hypothesis: There is also a crater on the Moon named Avicenna and a plant genus Avicennia.


Premise: What is a notable achievement about the Kleines Fest im Großen Garten?

Hypothesis: The most important Cabaret-Event is the Kleines Fest


Premise: What plan appropriated $13.7 billion over five years?

Hypothesis: As a result, it was revealed that CIA's annual budget in Fiscal Year 1963 was US $550 million (inflation-adjusted US$ 4.3 billion in 2016), and the overall intelligence budget in FY 1997 was US $26.6 billion (inflation-adjusted US$ 39.2 billion in 2016).


Premise: What did the Ming dynasty create?

Hypothesis: According to the official Twenty-Four Histories, the History of Ming compiled in 1739 by the subsequent Qing dynasty (1644–1912), the Ming dynasty established the "É-Lì-Sī Army-Civilian Marshal Office" (Chinese: 俄力思軍民元帥府) in western Tibet and installed the "Ü-Tsang Itinerant High Commandery" and "Amdo-Kham Itinerant High Commandery" to administer Kham.


Premise: What would citizens of Cork pay to neighboring lords in order to prevent them from attacking their city?

Hypothesis: For much of the Middle Ages, Cork city was an outpost of Old English culture in the midst of a predominantly hostile Gaelic countryside and cut off from the English government in the Pale around Dublin.


Premise: From what entity was the Albufera bought?

Hypothesis: At its founding by the Romans, it stood on a river island in the Turia, 6.4 km (4 mi) from the sea.


Premise: What was the practical ceiling of the effective heavy guns?

Hypothesis: Of the "heavies", some 200 were of the obsolescent 3 in (76 mm) type; the remainder were the effective 4.5 in (110 mm) and 3.7 in (94 mm) guns, with a theoretical "ceiling"' of over 30,000 ft (9,100 m) but a practical limit of 25,000 ft (7,600 m) because the predictor in use could not accept greater heights.


Premise: What did Chopin play at the funeral?

Hypothesis: At the funeral of the tenor Adolphe Nourrit in Paris in 1839, Chopin made a rare appearance at the organ, playing a transcription of Franz Schubert's lied Die Gestirne.


Premise: what happens to the reflected wave which allows the antenna to reach its asympotic feedpoint impedance?

Hypothesis: Thus the antenna's impedance, given by the ratio of feedpoint voltage to current, is altered due to the antenna's proximity to the ground.


Premise: How many named lakes are there in Montana?

Hypothesis: Other major lakes include Whitefish Lake in the Flathead Valley and Lake McDonald and St. Mary Lake in Glacier National Park.


Premise: What buddhism has a goal of Buddhahood or rainbow body?

Hypothesis: Tibetan Buddhism aspires to Buddhahood or rainbow body.


Premise: What is the name of the process being considered in Arizona that allows copper to be recovered?

Hypothesis: Copper can also be recovered through the in-situ leach process.


Premise: "Compensation" is the name of the system used for what type of elevators?

Hypothesis: Elevators with more than 30 m (98 ft) of travel have a system called compensation.


Premise: What team plays its home games at Weston Mill?

Hypothesis: The city also has four Non-League football clubs; Plymouth Parkway F.C. who play at Bolitho Park, Elburton Villa F.C. who play at Haye Road, Vospers Oak Villa F.C. who play at Weston Mill and Plymstock United F.C. who play at Deans Cross.


Premise: When did Barry Weiss become CEO of RCA/Jive?

Hypothesis: RCA/Jive Label Group CEO Barry Weiss left the company in March 2011 to become the new CEO of Island Def Jam and Universal Republic, which were both part of Universal Music Group.


Premise: Until what era did spells persist in the empire?

Hypothesis: Archaeology confirms the widespread use of binding spells (defixiones), magical papyri and so-called "voodoo dolls" from a very early era.


Premise: What can be used to make glass less refractive?

Hypothesis: These high-index glasses (inaccurately known as "crystal" when used in glass vessels) cause more chromatic dispersion of light, and are prized for their diamond-like optical properties.


Premise: What was tyrothricin used for during the war?

Hypothesis: Research results obtained during that period were not shared between the Axis and the Allied powers during the war.


Premise: What was Luther's main principle?

Hypothesis: The second main principle, sola fide (by faith alone), states that faith in Christ is sufficient alone for eternal salvation.


Premise: What were the countries who supported the US's post-9/11 invasions called?

Hypothesis: Support for the U.S. cooled when America made clear its determination to invade Iraq in late 2002.


Premise: Where in the rankings does Houston's gross domestic product place it compared to other U.S. domestic areas?

Hypothesis: Only 26 countries other than the United States have a gross domestic product exceeding Houston's regional gross area product (GAP).


Premise: What is a something that determines the size of thermal mass?

Hypothesis: Thermal mass is any material that can be used to store heat—heat from the Sun in the case of solar energy.


Premise: When was the first wrap-around concert hall in the Western Hemisphere opened?

Hypothesis: These include the Mexico City Philharmonic, which performs at the Sala Ollin Yoliztli; the National Symphony Orchestra, whose home base is the Palacio de Bellas Artes (Palace of the Fine Arts), a masterpiece of art nouveau and art decó styles; the Philharmonic Orchestra of the National Autonomous University of Mexico (OFUNAM), and the Minería Symphony Orchestra, both of which perform at the Sala Nezahualcóyotl, which was the first wrap-around concert hall in the Western Hemisphere when inaugurated in 1976.


Premise: What type of disease if often studied to understand damage to the brain?

Hypothesis: In humans, the effects of strokes and other types of brain damage have been a key source of information about brain function.


Premise: In Australia, what percent of non-passerine birds are partially migratory?

Hypothesis: Many fully migratory species show leap-frog migration (birds that nest at higher latitudes spend the winter at lower latitudes), and many show the alternative, chain migration, where populations 'slide' more evenly north and south without reversing order.


Premise: In additions, the train line is also connected with which airline services?

Hypothesis: Amtrak also codeshares with United Airlines for travel to any airport serviced by United Airlines, via Newark Airport (EWR) originating from or terminating at Union Station,


Premise: What are the variations in the text of witnesses known as?

Hypothesis: At the same time, the critical text should document variant readings, so the relation of extant witnesses to the reconstructed original is apparent to a reader of the critical edition.


Premise: Who is he current Minority leader?

Hypothesis: If the Minority Leader's party takes control of the House, and the party officers are all re-elected to their seats, the Minority Leader is usually the party's top choice for Speaker for the next Congress, while the Minority Whip is typically in line to become Majority Leader.


Premise: What Ukrainian political group was involved in the defeat of the German Empire?

Hypothesis: The German Empire conquered Ukraine during World War I and was planning on either annexing it or installing a puppet king, but was defeated by the Entente, with major involvement by the Ukrainian Bolsheviks.


Premise: About how much does it cost per year to pay workers in the New York fashion industry?

Hypothesis: As of 2013, the global advertising agencies of Omnicom Group and Interpublic Group, both based in Manhattan, had combined annual revenues of approximately US$21 billion, reflecting New York City's role as the top global center for the advertising industry, which is metonymously referred to as "Madison Avenue".


Premise: How much natural gas is Egypt producing in a day?

Hypothesis: Egypt was producing 691,000 bbl/d of oil and 2,141.05 Tcf of natural gas (in 2013), which makes Egypt as the largest oil producer not member of the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) and the second-largest dry natural gas producer in Africa.


Premise: How much did a jewel case cost in 1995?

Hypothesis: In 1995, material costs were 30 cents for the jewel case and 10 to 15 cents for the CD.


Premise: What is another name for the first self reproducing computer program?

Hypothesis: Beginning in 1949, von Neumann's design for a self-reproducing computer program is considered the world's first computer virus, and he is considered to be the theoretical father of computer virology.


Premise: How far out of alignment is Oklahoma's western edge from Texas's border?

Hypothesis: The western edge of the Oklahoma panhandle is out of alignment with its Texas border.


Premise: How many levels of pre-Ubaid pottery were excavated by the French in the 1980s?

Hypothesis: The connection is most clearly seen at Tell Awayli (Oueilli, Oueili) near Larsa, excavated by the French in the 1980s, where eight levels yielded pre-Ubaid pottery resembling Samarran ware.


Premise: How many Tibetans died during the Great Leap Forward?

Hypothesis: During the Great Leap Forward, between 200,000 and 1,000,000 Tibetans died, and approximately 6,000 monasteries were destroyed during the Cultural Revolution.


Premise: Who created the Jarden des Plantes?

Hypothesis: The Jardin des Plantes was the first botanical garden in Paris, created in 1626 by Louis XIII's doctor Guy de La Brosse for the cultivation of medicinal plants.


Premise: By nightfall a major component of the VII and VII Corps withdrew towards what Prussian position?

Hypothesis: By 18:30, a considerable portion of the VII and VIII Corps disengaged from the fighting and withdrew towards the Prussian positions at Rezonville.


Premise: What year was The Ballroom built?

Hypothesis: Investitures, which include the conferring of knighthoods by dubbing with a sword, and other awards take place in the palace's Ballroom, built in 1854.


Premise: Are transactions limited?

Hypothesis: Each transaction has well defined boundaries in terms of which program/code executions are included in that transaction (determined by the transaction's programmer via special transaction commands).


Premise: By how many rivers is the city of New Haven drained?

Hypothesis: Not all of these small streams have continuous flow year-round.


Premise: Who was fired from First Secretary position by Gorbachev?

Hypothesis: On June 23, 1989, Gorbachev removed Rafiq Nishonov as First Secretary of the Communist Party of the Uzbek SSR and replaced him with Karimov, who went on to lead Uzbekistan as a Soviet Republic and subsequently as an independent state.


Premise: What method of lighting have been used since 1820s?

Hypothesis: He set up a network of kerosene distilleries which would later become Standard Oil, thus completely abolishing the need for whale-oil lamps.


Premise: By dying what did Decius avoid for the battle?

Hypothesis: The devotio was the most extreme offering a Roman general could make, promising to offer his own life in battle along with the enemy as an offering to the underworld gods.


Premise: Clarke was what to Williams?

Hypothesis: Both Roger Williams and John Clarke, his compatriot and coworker for religious freedom, are variously credited as founding the earliest Baptist church in North America.


Premise: What other international laws deal with child labour?

Hypothesis: Both the Worst Forms Convention (C182) and the Minimum Age Convention (C138) are examples of international labour standards implemented through the ILO that deal with child labour.


Premise: What do physical and chemical properties of hydrogen depend on?

Hypothesis: Many physical and chemical properties of hydrogen depend on the parahydrogen/orthohydrogen ratio (it often takes days or weeks at a given temperature to reach the equilibrium ratio, for which the data is usually given).


Premise: Which voting concern has been present since the first season?

Hypothesis: The mechanism of voting had also aroused considerable criticisms, most notably in season two when Ruben Studdard beat Clay Aiken in a close vote, and in season eight, when the massive increase in text votes (100 million more text votes than season 7) fueled the texting controversy.


Premise: Where is the "Tardy Book" kept?

Hypothesis: This is known as the "Bill".


Premise: In degrees Celsius, what is the average January temperature in Miami?

Hypothesis: Miami has a tropical monsoon climate (Köppen climate classification Am) with hot and humid summers and short, warm winters, with a marked drier season in the winter.


Premise: What are the names of the two separate Estonian languages?

Hypothesis: Modern standard Estonian has evolved on the basis of the dialects of Northern Estonia.


Premise: What was the general opinion of the law?

Hypothesis: Although the line was adjusted several times to take frontier settlements into account and was impossible to enforce as law, it was strongly resented by backcountry settlers throughout the Appalachians.


Premise: This is the first season to have what kind of auditions?

Hypothesis: Karen Rodriguez was one such auditioner and reached the final rounds.


Premise: Name a soundtrack in the film Who's That Girl?

Hypothesis: The next year, Madonna was featured in the film Who's That Girl.


Premise: How long is the run that the USAF airmen are tested on for the fitness program?

Hypothesis: As part of the Fit to Fight program, the USAF adopted a more stringent physical fitness assessment; the new fitness program was put into effect on 1 June 2010.


Premise: The Cambrian period was how long ago?

Hypothesis: Some types of worms, such as leeches, also have an enlarged ganglion at the back end of the nerve cord, known as a "tail brain".


Premise: Who was the first person from Europe to observe the Marshall Islands?

Hypothesis: Spanish explorer Alonso de Salazar was the first European to see the islands in 1526, commanding the ship Santa Maria de la Victoria, the only surviving vessel of the Loaísa Expedition.


Premise: How much money does the University of Houston attract to Houston a year?

Hypothesis: The University of Houston System's annual impact on the Houston area's economy equates to that of a major corporation: $1.1 billion in new funds attracted annually to the Houston area, $3.13 billion in total economic benefit and 24,000 local jobs generated.


Premise: when the east india company move to commercial  trading what  company did they surpass?

Hypothesis: The East India Company also launched a joint attack with the Dutch United East India Company on Portuguese and Spanish ships off the coast of China, which helped secure their ports in China.


Premise: What video game console uses infrared LEDs?

Hypothesis: The Nintendo Wii's sensor bar uses infrared LEDs.


Premise: What two agencies had a lack of co-operation?

Hypothesis: The primary reasons for the failures included: agency cultures resistant to change and new ideas; inappropriate incentives for promotion; and a lack of cooperation between the FBI, CIA and the rest of the United States Intelligence Community.


Premise: What Arsenal manager replaced Mee?

Hypothesis: Terry Neill was recruited by the Arsenal board to replace Bertie Mee on 9 July 1976 and at the age of 34 he became the youngest Arsenal manager to date.


Premise: In who's book did von Neuman find errors in the author's equations?

Hypothesis: Kaldor recommended that von Neumann read a book by the mathematical economist Léon Walras.


Premise: What does green represent in Ireland and Scotland?

Hypothesis: In Ireland and Scotland especially, green is used to represent Catholics, while orange is used to represent Protestantism.


Premise: Did the rapid rise of motor vehicle ownership and highway developments lead to an increasing or declining inner city population?

Hypothesis: In later years, with the rapid rise of motor vehicle ownership, the investment in freeway and highway developments greatly accelerated the outward suburban sprawl and declining inner city population.


Premise: How many governments are apart of federalism?

Hypothesis: Its distinctive feature, exemplified in the founding example of modern federalism of the United States of America under the Constitution of 1789, is a relationship of parity between the two levels of government established.


Premise: In the College of Cardinals, the elected Dean needs the approval of who?

Hypothesis: The Dean of the College of Cardinals, or Cardinal-dean, is the primus inter pares of the College of Cardinals, elected by the cardinal bishops holding suburbicarian sees from among their own number, an election, however, that must be approved by the Pope.


Premise: What % of the population claimed social security benefits in 2006/7?

Hypothesis: Nevertheless, 22% of the population claimed social security benefit in 2006/7, most of them aged over 60, a sector that represents 20% of the population.


Premise: In what year did the New Delhi Railway Station open?

Hypothesis: The last stumbling block was the Agra-Delhi railway line that cut right through the site earmarked for the hexagonal All-India War Memorial (India Gate) and Kingsway (Rajpath), which was a problem because the Old Delhi Railway Station served the entire city at that time.


Premise: What does GBAD stand for?

Hypothesis: In some armies the term All-Arms Air Defence (AAAD) is used for air defence by non-specialist troops.


Premise: What did European mysticism concentrate on that English mysticism didn't?

Hypothesis: English Dominican mysticism in the late medieval period differed from European strands of it in that, whereas European Dominican mysticism tended to concentrate on ecstatic experiences of union with the divine, English Dominican mysticism's ultimate focus was on a crucial dynamic in one's personal relationship with God.


Premise: Who was the author of the 1943 Plan for Plymouth?

Hypothesis: The redevelopment of the city was planned by Sir Patrick Abercrombie in his 1943 Plan for Plymouth whilst simultaneously working on the reconstruction plan for London.


Premise: What prompts darkness over the land in old literary works?

Hypothesis: Géza Vermes describes the darkness account as typical of "Jewish eschatological imagery of the day of the Lord", and says that those interpreting it as a datable eclipse are "barking up the wrong tree".


Premise: What did the old letter ⟨ѫ⟩ become?

Hypothesis: While these older letters have been abandoned at one time or another, they may be used in this and related articles.


Premise: What is the typical base type for automotive lamps?

Hypothesis: Bayonet base lamps are frequently used in automotive lamps to resist loosening due to vibration.


Premise: What did the majority of Estonians view the Germans as?

Hypothesis: The Germans used Estonia's resources for their war effort; for the duration of the occupation Estonia was incorporated into the German province of Ostland.


Premise: When does the majority of the rain fall in Mexico City?

Hypothesis: The cold period spans from November to February when polar air masses push down from the north and keep the air fairly dry.


Premise: What happens with these soft feacal pellets?

Hypothesis: Soft faecal pellets of partially digested food are excreted and generally consumed immediately.


Premise: What was the title of the article Nasser wrote for his school paper?

Hypothesis: He took up acting in school plays for a brief period and wrote articles for the school's paper, including a piece on French philosopher Voltaire titled "Voltaire, the Man of Freedom".


Premise: What is the tallest mountain closests to Bern?

Hypothesis: The two mountains closest to Bern are Gurten with a height of 864 m (2,835 ft) and Bantiger with a height of 947 m (3,107 ft).


Premise: When was the Football League originally founded?

Hypothesis: The competition formed as the FA Premier League on 20 February 1992 following the decision of clubs in the Football League First Division to break away from the Football League, which was originally founded in 1888, and take advantage of a lucrative television rights deal.


Premise: What nation's military destroyed Libyan Arab Airlines Flight 114?

Hypothesis: In February 1973, Israeli forces shot down Libyan Arab Airlines Flight 114, which had strayed from Egyptian airspace into Israeli-held territory during a sandstorm.


Premise: Who was the runner up this season?

Hypothesis: Johnson released "As Long as You Love Me" as his coronation single while Irene released "We Are One".


Premise: Who lived in buildings that would later come to be known as the Presidential Palace?

Hypothesis: When Qing forces led by Zeng Guofan retook the city in 1864, a massive slaughter occurred in the city with over 100,000 estimated to have committed suicide or fought to the death.


Premise: When did the torch arrive in Nagano?

Hypothesis: Japanese Buddhist temple Zenkō-ji, which was originally scheduled to be the starting point for the Olympic torch relay in Nagano, refused to host the torch and pulled out of the relay plans, amid speculation that monks there sympathized with anti-Chinese government protesters.


Premise: who was the resident of the Ministry of Sound?

Hypothesis: Europeans embraced house, and began booking legendary American house DJs to play at the big clubs, such as Ministry of Sound, whose resident, Justin Berkmann brought in Larry Levan.


Premise: What do hunting groups also participate in?

Hypothesis: Local hunting clubs and national organizations provide hunter education and help protect the future of the sport by buying land for future hunting use.


Premise: When did royal weddings begin at the church?

Hypothesis: There have been at least 16 royal weddings at the abbey since 1100.


Premise: In what decade did the scientific revolution begin?

Hypothesis: French historians traditionally place the Enlightenment between 1715, the year that Louis XIV died, and 1789, the beginning of the French Revolution.


Premise: What was the award in 1998 for?

Hypothesis: In contrast to previous definitions based solely on the degree of Aboriginal ancestry, in 1990 the Government changed the legal definition of Aboriginal to include any:


Premise: Who is claimed to have been influenced by The Grammar of Science?

Hypothesis: This book influenced Einstein's regard for the importance of the observer in scientific measurements[citation needed].


Premise: Does adolescent participation in family work and routines have a positive or negative influence on feelings of self-worth, care, and concern for others?

Hypothesis: Some research has shown that adolescent participation in family work and routines has a positive influence on the development of an adolescent's feelings of self-worth, care, and concern for others.


Premise: What does each state have their own of?

Hypothesis: Usually, a federation is formed at two levels: the central government and the regions (states, provinces, territories), and little to nothing is said about second or third level administrative political entities.


Premise: What is the usual mean temperature in Houston?

Hypothesis: Houston has mild winters in contrast to most areas of the United States.


Premise: Which crops grown in West Tennessee had required a great deal of slave labor?

Hypothesis: This division was related to the state's pattern of farming, plantations and slaveholding.


Premise: Who constructed the Bitumont oil separation plant?

Hypothesis: During the 1920s Dr. Karl A. Clark of the Alberta Research Council patented a hot water oil separation process and entrepreneur Robert C. Fitzsimmons built the Bitumount oil separation plant, which between 1925 and 1958 produced up to 300 barrels (50 m3) per day of bitumen using Dr. Clark's method.


Premise: What does Microsoft Windows use internally for its real-time clock?

Hypothesis: Microsoft Windows keeps the system real-time clock in local time.


Premise: What sort of functions do the products of operon genes typically have?

Hypothesis: Many prokaryotic genes are organized into operons, with multiple protein-coding sequences that are transcribed as a unit.


Premise: Some insects have a fine scale spatial orientation and/or what else?

Hypothesis: Only insects which live in nests or colonies demonstrate any true capacity for fine-scale spatial orientation or homing.


Premise: What do they destroy now instead of clay pipes?

Hypothesis: Actual students rarely do so.


Premise: What percentage of copper has been extracted since 1900?

Hypothesis: As with many natural resources, the total amount of copper on Earth is vast (around 1014 tons just in the top kilometer of Earth's crust, or about 5 million years' worth at the current rate of extraction).


Premise: How many passengers come through Adolfo Lopez Mateos International Airport?

Hypothesis: Adolfo López Mateos International Airport (IATA Airport Code: TLC) in nearby Toluca, State of Mexico, although due to several airlines' decisions to terminate service to TLC, the airport has seen a passenger drop to just over 700,000 passengers in 2014 from over 2.1 million passengers just four years prior.


Premise: Von Braun and his associates were sent to  United States Army's White Sands Proving Ground in what year?

Hypothesis: Von Braun and his team were sent to the United States Army's White Sands Proving Ground, located in New Mexico, in 1945.


Premise: Most U.S law, the kind of law we live everyday, consists of what kind of law?

Hypothesis: In the dual-sovereign system of American federalism (actually tripartite because of the presence of Indian reservations), states are the plenary sovereigns, each with their own constitution, while the federal sovereign possesses only the limited supreme authority enumerated in the Constitution.


Premise: The mosaic at the Byzantine church of the Lazarium most closely resembles mosaics from which area?

Hypothesis: Because of its purely geometrical pattern, the church floor is to be grouped with other mosaics of the time in Palestine and neighboring areas, especially the Constantinian mosaics in the central nave at Bethlehem.


Premise: What is it called when too many consumers attempt to save or pay down debt at the same time?

Hypothesis: Behavior that may be optimal for an individual (e.g., saving more during adverse economic conditions) can be detrimental if too many individuals pursue the same behavior, as ultimately one person's consumption is another person's income.


Premise: What do new high tech healthcare technologies translate to?

Hypothesis: From 1990, a steady increase can be observed, reflecting the high costs of the services provided.


Premise: What is the name of the political party's leader that The Times supported in the 2001 general election?

Hypothesis: For the 2010 general election, however, the newspaper declared its support for the Tories once again; the election ended in the Tories taking the most votes and seats but having to form a coalition with the Liberal Democrats in order to form a government as they had failed to gain an overall majority.


Premise: What is the vital nutriment for Myxobacteria?

Hypothesis: For example, about one in 10 cells migrate to the top of these fruiting bodies and differentiate into a specialised dormant state called myxospores, which are more resistant to drying and other adverse environmental conditions than are ordinary cells.


Premise: What is the general temperature of coastal location during the night?

Hypothesis: Among all cities in the Mediterranean part of the European Union, Limassol has one of the warmest winters, in the period January – February average temperature is


Premise: Which King of Pop was influenced by Queen?

Hypothesis: Hence, the band have been cited as an influence by many other musicians.


Premise: What is atheism?

Hypothesis: In atheism, God is not believed to exist, while God is deemed unknown or unknowable within the context of agnosticism.


Premise: In addition to being a police chief, Jinrong was also what?

Hypothesis: The relationship kept the flow of profits from the gang's gambling dens, prostitution, and protection rackets undisturbed.[citation needed]


Premise: The Southern Connecticut State University has it own theater as while, it's name?

Hypothesis: The theatre is used for student productions as well as the home to weekly services to a local non-denominational church, the City Church New Haven.


Premise: Why did so many schools collapse during the earthquake?

Hypothesis: Due to the one-child policy, many families lost their only child when schools in the region collapsed during the earthquake.


Premise: Which groups were classified as being at a high risk for AIDS?

Hypothesis: Lord Kilbracken said that only one person out of the 2,372 individuals with HIV/AIDS mentioned in a specific Department of Health report was not a member of a "high risk group", such as homosexuals and recreational drug users.


Premise: Understanding who's work was the tradition meaning of Cubism formed on?

Hypothesis: The traditional interpretation of "Cubism", formulated post facto as a means of understanding the works of Braque and Picasso, has affected our appreciation of other twentieth-century artists.


Premise: Madonna, Cher, Gloria Estefan and Kylie Minogue are artists in what genre of music?

Hypothesis: This format often includes dance-pop (such as upbeat songs by Madonna, Cher, Gloria Estefan and Kylie Minogue), power pops (mainly by boybands such as Backstreet Boys and Westlife), and adult-oriented soft rock music that are ballad-driven (typically by Aerosmith[citation needed], The Eagles, Sting, Toto and The Moody Blues).


Premise: What praised John's "great renown" as a king?

Hypothesis: John Speed's Historie of Great Britaine in 1632 praised John's "great renown" as a king; he blamed the bias of medieval chroniclers for the king's poor reputation.


Premise: Tasmania was formerly known as what?

Hypothesis: In May and June 1835, the area which is now central and northern Melbourne was explored by John Batman, a leading member of the Port Phillip Association in Van Diemen's Land (now known as Tasmania), who claimed to have negotiated a purchase of 600,000 acres (2,400 km2) with eight Wurundjeri elders.


Premise: What does StuCo stand for?

Hypothesis: Its umbrella organization—the Student Theatre Coalition, or StuCo, organizes nine student theatre companies, multiple performance groups and more than sixty independent productions each year.


Premise: A refractor can be compared to what type of viewing?

Hypothesis: It can, for instance, bring the wave to a focus or alter the wave front in other ways, generally in order to maximize the directivity of the antenna system.


Premise: Early 20th century states began to have a responsiblity to take care of whom?

Hypothesis: Factories and mines were not the only places where child labour was prevalent in the early 20th century.


Premise: What cross is on the British flag?

Hypothesis: The British flag bears the colors red, white, and blue; it includes the cross of Saint George, patron saint of England, and the saltire of Saint Patrick, patron saint of Ireland, both of which are red on white.


Premise: What did Dorgon declare in July of 1645?

Hypothesis: At the end of the third massacre, there was hardly any living person left in this city.


Premise: How many suburban residents take in Detroit's entertainment options?

Hypothesis: About two-thirds of suburban residents occasionally dine and attend cultural events or take in professional games in the city of Detroit.


Premise: What type of land area is at most risk of earthquake damage?

Hypothesis: The Cascadia subduction zone poses the threat of an earthquake of magnitude 9.0 or greater, capable of seriously damaging the city and collapsing many buildings, especially in zones built on fill.


Premise: What signal did Euro1080 later change to?

Hypothesis: These first European HDTV broadcasts used the 1080i format with MPEG-2 compression on a DVB-S signal from SES's Astra 1H satellite.


Premise: What year was the first homestead claim claimed?

Hypothesis: Montana did not see a large influx of immigrants from this act because 160 acres was usually insufficient to support a family in the arid territory.


Premise: A court system with a hierarchy of different administrative courts occurs in what kind of legal system?

Hypothesis: In particular, countries with a federal system of government typically[citation needed] have both a federal supreme court (such as the Supreme Court of the United States), and supreme courts for each member state (such as the Supreme Court of Nevada), with the former having jurisdiction over the latter only to the extent that the federal constitution extends federal law over state law.


Premise: Who did Vilanova replace as manager?

Hypothesis: On 19 July, it was announced that Vilanova was resigning as Barcelona manager because his throat cancer had returned, and he would be receiving treatment for the second time after a three-month medical leave in December 2012.


Premise: Who was Henrich d'Arrest?

Hypothesis: Heinrich d'Arrest, a student at the observatory, suggested to Galle that they could compare a recently drawn chart of the sky in the region of Le Verrier's predicted location with the current sky to seek the displacement characteristic of a planet, as opposed to a fixed star.


Premise: What linguistic event in English could we parallel with the Dutch lowering of diphthongs?

Hypothesis: The lowering of the diphthongs has long been current in many Dutch dialects, and is comparable to the English Great Vowel Shift, and the diphthongisation of long high vowels in Modern High German, which centuries earlier reached the state now found in Polder Dutch.


Premise: When did Nimitz launch a carrier raid against Formosa?

Hypothesis: On 12 October Nimitz launched a carrier raid against Formosa to make sure that planes based there could not intervene in the landings on Leyte.


Premise: Are records generally out of print as of date?

Hypothesis: Vinyl records continue to be manufactured and sold today, especially by independent rock bands and labels, although record sales are considered to be a niche market composed of audiophiles, collectors, and DJs.


Premise: What are the citizens of Tajikistan called?

Hypothesis: All citizens of Tajikistan are called Tajikistanis.


Premise: When did Himachal emerge as the 18th state of the Indian Union?

Hypothesis: Thus Himachal emerged as the 18th state of the Indian Union.


Premise: What type of sports centers are Wutaishan Sports Center and Nanjing Olympic Sports Center considered to be?

Hypothesis: There are two major sports centers in Nanjing, Wutaishan Sports Center and Nanjing Olympic Sports Center.


Premise: What is the name of Thammasat University's engineering school?

Hypothesis: Suranaree University of Technology is the only government-owned technological university in Thailand that was established (1989) as such; while Mahanakorn University of Technology is the most well known private technological institute.


Premise: What does Nasser's brother's name translate to?

Hypothesis: Nasser's father was a postal worker born in Beni Mur in Upper Egypt and raised in Alexandria, and his mother's family came from Mallawi, el-Minya.


Premise: Which is one of the tribes that spoke Insular Celtic?

Hypothesis: The first Anglo-Saxons arrived as Roman power waned in the 5th century and eventually dominated the bulk of what is now England.


Premise: What's the medical term for TB when it spreads from the lungs to other parts of the body?

Hypothesis: In 15–20% of active cases, the infection spreads outside the lungs, causing other kinds of TB.


Premise: What protects the island from storms?

Hypothesis: However, it is somewhat protected from the full force of a hurricane by the coral reef that surrounds the island.


Premise: What type of devotee was Pope Paul VI?

Hypothesis: Following his famous predecessor Saint Ambrose of Milan, he named Mary as the Mother of the Church during the Second Vatican Council.


Premise: What Richmond neighborhood is home to the Jefferson Hotel?

Hypothesis: Richmond's East End includes neighborhoods like rapidly gentrifying Church Hill, home to St. John's Church, as well as poorer areas like Fulton, Union Hill, and Fairmont, and public housing projects like Mosby Court, Whitcomb Court, Fairfield Court, and Creighton Court closer to Interstate 64.


Premise: Why is Thurnigia's landscape shaped by human influence?

Hypothesis: In comparison to the forest, agriculture is still quite conventional and dominated by large structures and monocultures.


Premise: Where did the confirmation of privileges of Jedlnia take place?

Hypothesis: King Władysław's quid pro quo for this boon was the nobles' guarantee that his throne would be inherited by one of his sons (who would be bound to honour the privileges theretofore granted to the nobility).


Premise: When did the Luftwaffe fly inland missions?

Hypothesis: To confuse the British, radio silence was observed until the bombs fell.


Premise: When was the Eisenhower Doctrine adopted?

Hypothesis: Although Nasser was an opponent of communism in the region, his promotion of pan-Arabism was viewed as a threat by pro-Western states in the region.


Premise: What place produces live concerts, plays and comedy?

Hypothesis: Bayou Place is a large multilevel building containing full-service restaurants, bars, live music, billiards, and Sundance Cinema.


Premise: According to the census survey carried out between 15 June and 31 July 2004, what was Montevideo's male population?

Hypothesis: According to the census survey carried out between 15 June and 31 July 2004, Montevideo had a population of 1,325,968 persons, compared to Uruguay's total population of 3,241,003.


Premise: Who received free tuition after buying the $100 perpetual scholarships?

Hypothesis: In 1873 the Evanston College for Ladies merged with Northwestern, and Frances Willard, who later gained fame as a suffragette and as one of the founders of the Woman's Christian Temperance Union (WCTU), became the school's first dean of women.


Premise: What ideology does Microsoft follow?

Hypothesis: However, Tom Warren of The Verge noted that other vendors have implemented similar hardware restrictions on their own ARM-based tablet and smartphone products (including those running Microsoft's own Windows Phone platform), but still argued that Microsoft should "keep a consistent approach across ARM and x86, though, not least because of the number of users who'd love to run Android alongside Windows 8 on their future tablets.


Premise: Who supported Beyonce through her depression?

Hypothesis: Beyoncé would later speak of her mother as the person who helped her fight it.


Premise: Out of one million szlachtas how many were magnates?

Hypothesis: one million szlachta, tens of thousands of families, only 200–300 persons could be classed as great magnates with country-wide possessions and influence, and 30–40 of them could be viewed as those with significant impact on Poland's politics.


Premise: What notable Roman figure died in 408?

Hypothesis: When the line of western emperors ceased, many of the kings who replaced them were from the same background.


Premise: How much land did the Desert Land Act allot?

Hypothesis: The Desert Land Act of 1877 was passed to allow settlement of arid lands in the west and allotted 640 acres (2.6 km2) to settlers for a fee of $.25 per acre and a promise to irrigate the land.


Premise: What institution aids in the creation of charter schools in New York?

Hypothesis: The New York City Charter School Center assists the setup of new charter schools.


Premise: During the later 18th century the trend of neoclassic design attempted to simplify what styles?

Hypothesis: The Adam brothers aimed to simplify the rococo and baroque styles which had been fashionable in the preceding decades, to bring what they felt to be a lighter and more elegant feel to Georgian houses.


Premise: How many of Carl Laemmle, Sr.'s relatives were working for Universal as of 1928?

Hypothesis: Universal already had a reputation for nepotism—at one time, 70 of Carl, Sr


Premise: When do the processions occur after?

Hypothesis: The following year, Svendsens Festpolonaise was written for the opening procession.


Premise: Who did a media magnate in the 1980s buy The Times from?

Hypothesis: Robert Holmes à Court, another Australian magnate had previously tried to buy The Times in 1980.


Premise: Which part of the body relesases estrogen in females?

Hypothesis: The male and female gonads are subsequently activated, which puts them into a state of rapid growth and development; the triggered gonads now commence the mass production of the necessary chemicals.


Premise: What is it called when the last Imam or his unborn successor goes into concealment?

Hypothesis: When the dynastic line of the separating successor Imam ended with no heir to succeed him, then either he (the last Imam) or his unborn successor was believed to have gone into concealment, that is, The Occultation.


Premise: When did the theater in the Plymouth Athenaeum close?

Hypothesis: There are also three cinemas: Reel Cinema at Derrys Cross, Plymouth Arts Centre at Looe Street and a Vue cinema at the Barbican Leisure Park.


Premise: The abdomen is less strong than the thorax and what?

Hypothesis: In modern insects there is a tendency toward reduction in the number of the abdominal segments, but the primitive number of 11 is maintained during embryogenesis.


Premise: What effect did the expansion of the three cantons into eight have on the status of the federation?

Hypothesis: The expansion led to increased power and wealth for the federation.


Premise: What allowed for a deeper understanding and personal exploration of older philosophers theories?

Hypothesis: The statement, in a play modeled or borrowed from a (now lost) Greek comedy by Menander, may have originated in a lighthearted vein – as a comic rationale for an old man's meddling – but it quickly became a proverb and throughout the ages was quoted with a deeper meaning, by Cicero and Saint Augustine, to name a few, and most notably by Seneca.


Premise: Where was Jesus Crucified?

Hypothesis: He was then crucified and hung between two convicted thieves.


Premise: What has been growing in the recent years?

Hypothesis: The economy has been growing quickly in recent years.


Premise: How long was the fault where the quake occurred?

Hypothesis: In a United States Geological Survey (USGS) study, preliminary rupture models of the earthquake indicated displacement of up to 9 meters along a fault approximately 240 km long by 20 km deep.


Premise: Who discovered the first synthetic dye?

Hypothesis: William Henry Perkin studied and worked at the college under von Hofmann, but resigned his position after discovering the first synthetic dye, mauveine, in 1856.


Premise: How did Frederick protect East Prussia when he went to invade Saxony?

Hypothesis: Meanwhile, Frederick and Field Marshal Keith would make for Dresden.


Premise: When did this push occur?

Hypothesis: While momentum for new legislation temporarily flagged under extended debate, a new tragedy emerged that underscored the need for more comprehensive regulation and provided the driving force for the passage of new laws.


Premise: How did Hume view inductive vs deductive reasoning?

Hypothesis: Among Peirce's major contributions was to place inductive reasoning and deductive reasoning in a complementary rather than competitive mode, the latter of which had been the primary trend among the educated since David Hume wrote a century before.


Premise: Where was Chopin born?

Hypothesis: Fryderyk Chopin was born in Żelazowa Wola, 46 kilometres (29 miles) west of Warsaw, in what was then the Duchy of Warsaw, a Polish state established by Napoleon.


Premise: When was the Ottoman empire founded?

Hypothesis: After conquests in the Balkans by Murad I between 1362 and 1389, the Ottoman sultanate was transformed into a transcontinental empire and claimant to the caliphate.


Premise: What US officer led the troops who were destroyed at Little Big Horn?

Hypothesis: A famous victory for the Plains Nations was the Battle of the Little Big Horn in 1876, when Col. George Armstrong Custer and two hundred plus members of the 7th Cavalry were killed by a force consisting of Native Americans from the Lakota, Northern Cheyenne, and Arapaho nations.


Premise: What is the fan shaped blood supply system in a bird's retina?

Hypothesis: The inner ear has a cochlea, but it is not spiral as in mammals.


Premise: What were Wafd members accused of?

Hypothesis: Nasser felt that the Free Officers were not ready to move against the government and, for nearly two years, he did little beyond officer recruitment and underground news bulletins.


Premise: What did 'Plym Mouth' mean?

Hypothesis: " was first mentioned in a Pipe Roll of 1211.


Premise: What must be decompressed?

Hypothesis: For instance, a compression scheme for video may require expensive hardware for the video to be decompressed fast enough to be viewed as it is being decompressed, and the option to decompress the video in full before watching it may be inconvenient or require additional storage.


Premise: How many people can be in a routine?

Hypothesis: From 2009, all senior trios and mixed pairs were required to be on the larger floor (10x10m), all groups also perform on this floor.


Premise: What American is considered to have been a seminal influence in the charismatic movement?

Hypothesis: The Massey conference in New Zealand, 1964 was attended by several Anglicans, including the Rev. Ray Muller, who went on to invite Bennett to New Zealand in 1966, and played a leading role in developing and promoting the Life in the Spirit seminars.


Premise: What manager in the late 1990s brought success to Arsenal?

Hypothesis: Wenger brought new tactics, a new training regime and several foreign players who complemented the existing English talent.


Premise: Why couldn't the confederacy defend their ports?

Hypothesis: The Confederacy had a larger area than it could defend, and it failed to keep its ports open and its rivers clear.


Premise: What are iconic monumuents of Egypt?

Hypothesis: Iconic monuments such as the Giza Necropolis and its Great Sphinx, as well the ruins of Memphis, Thebes, Karnak, and the Valley of the Kings, reflect this legacy and remain a significant focus of archaeological study and popular interest worldwide.


Premise: What do these authors use in the form of proof for credit given to the other religion  ?

Hypothesis: And for this reason they say, neither of them were guilty of any sin, like the rest of the children of Adam."


Premise: When did the FBI lab first appear?

Hypothesis: The lab also maintains a second lab at the FBI Academy.


Premise: What has been the result of attempts to connect Sumerian to other language groups?

Hypothesis: Some authors have proposed that there may be evidence of a sub-stratum or add-stratum language for geographic features and various crafts and agricultural activities, called variously Proto-Euphratean or Proto Tigrean, but this is disputed by others.


Premise: What was the only difference in the study between gay and straight men?

Hypothesis: A study on how heterosexual and homosexual men's brains react to seeing pictures of naked men and women has found that both hetero- and homosexual men react positively to seeing their preferred sex, using the same brain regions.


Premise: What term does Popper use that roughly means verisimilitude?

Hypothesis: Upon this basis, along with that of the logical content of assertions (where logical content is inversely proportional to probability), Popper went on to develop his important notion of verisimilitude or "truthlikeness".


Premise: What revoked Strasbourg's status as a free city?

Hypothesis: Strasbourg's status as a free city was revoked by the French Revolution.


Premise: How many journals did Queen Victoria write in her lifetime?

Hypothesis: From July 1832 until just before her death, she kept a detailed journal, which eventually encompassed 122 volumes.


Premise: What exact date did Samoan independence go into effect?

Hypothesis: After repeated efforts by the Samoan independence movement, the New Zealand Western Samoa Act 1961 of 24 November 1961 granted Samoa independence effective 1 January 1962, upon which the Trusteeship Agreement terminated.


Premise: What are the constituents of Class 1 transposable elements?

Hypothesis: TEs can be classified into two categories, Class 1 (retrotransposons) and Class 2 (DNA transposons).


Premise: What adverse effect was thalidomide associated with?

Hypothesis: The firm continued to pressure Kelsey and the agency to approve the application—until November 1961, when the drug was pulled off the German market because of its association with grave congenital abnormalities.


Premise: In what film did Donald Moffat play President Bennett?

Hypothesis: The Right Stuff, and fictional President Bennett in Clear and Present Danger, was born in Plymouth.


Premise: What country provides the highest rate of support for cotton growers?

Hypothesis: The future of these subsidies is uncertain and has led to anticipatory expansion of cotton brokers' operations in Africa.


Premise: Where were the envoys sent?

Hypothesis: According to Chen, the Ming officer of Hezhou (modern day Linxia) informed the Hongwu Emperor that the general situation in Dbus and Gtsang "was under control," and so he suggested to the emperor that he offer the second Phagmodru ruler, Jamyang Shakya Gyaltsen, an official title.


Premise: What language eventually came to power in the Irrawaddy valley ?

Hypothesis: For the first time in history, the Burmese language and culture came to predominate the entire Irrawaddy valley.


Premise: What notable Nepali figure died in a Kathmandu earthquake?

Hypothesis: There was also a devastating earthquake which claimed the lives of a third of Kathmandu's population, including the king Abhaya Malla.


Premise: What was the winning score for the game with Real Madrid at Bernabeu stadium?

Hypothesis: The pinnacle of the league season arrived at the Santiago Bernabéu Stadium in a 3–0 win over Real Madrid.


Premise: When did Turkey decide to become part of the blockade against Armenia?

Hypothesis: In 1993, Turkey joined the blockade against Armenia in support of Azerbaijan.


Premise: Who ruled Nigeria until he died in 1998?

Hypothesis: The classic case of a corrupt, exploitive dictator often given is the regime of Marshal Mobutu Sese Seko, who ruled the Democratic Republic of the Congo (which he renamed Zaire) from 1965 to 1997.


Premise: Who runs Guam's main health care facility?

Hypothesis: The Government of Guam maintains the island's main health care facility, Guam Memorial Hospital, in Tamuning.


Premise: During 6000 BC what area was occupied by a Neolithic culture?

Hypothesis: By about 6000 BC, a Neolithic culture rooted in the Nile Valley.


Premise: When speaking about culture, what does Ummah refer to?

Hypothesis: In a religious sense, the Islamic Ummah refers to those who adhere to the teachings of Islam, referred to as Muslims.


Premise: How many sub-districts are there?

Hypothesis: The State of Israel is divided into six main administrative districts, known as mehozot (מחוזות; singular: mahoz) – Center, Haifa, Jerusalem, North, Southern, and Tel Aviv Districts, as well as the Judea and Samaria Area in the West Bank.


Premise: What applications do chalcogenides have?

Hypothesis: Of the four halides, ZnF_2 has the most ionic character, whereas the others (ZnCl_2, ZnBr_2, and ZnI_2) have relatively low melting points and are considered to have more covalent character.


Premise: What group likes the term bitumen instead of asphalt?

Hypothesis: Geologists often prefer the term bitumen.


Premise: When did the Southern Baptist Convention vote to adopt a resolution renouncing its racist roots?

Hypothesis: Although Southern Baptists have condemned racism in the past, this was the first time the predominantly white convention had dealt specifically with the issue of slavery.


Premise: Where did the BBC broadcast from following World War II?

Hypothesis: Television transmissions resumed from Alexandra Palace in 1946.


Premise: How many free days of PlayStation Plus were included in the offer?

Hypothesis: In response to the incident, Sony announced a "Welcome Back" program, 30 days free membership of PlayStation Plus for all PSN members, two free downloadable PS3 games, and a free one-year enrollment in an identity theft protection program.


Premise: What is a name of a Catholic hospital in Detroit?

Hypothesis: Detroit Medical Center formally became a part of Vanguard Health Systems on December 30, 2010, as a for profit corporation.


Premise: On what day are repeats of The Essentials shown?

Hypothesis: The Essentials, currently hosted by Osborne and Sally Field as of 2015[update], is a weekly film showcase airing on Saturday evenings (with a replay on the following Sunday at 6:00 p.m. Eastern Time), which spotlights a different movie and contains a special introduction and post-movie discussion.


Premise: What was Ivan Meštrović known for being?

Hypothesis: Yves Simon (1903–61), brought to ND in the 1940s the insights of French studies in the Aristotelian-Thomistic tradition of philosophy; his own teacher Jacques Maritain (1882–73) was a frequent visitor to campus.


Premise: Who compared Napoleon to Hitler in 2005?

Hypothesis: David G. Chandler, a foremost historian of Napoleonic warfare, wrote in 1973 that, "Nothing could be more degrading to the former [Napoleon] and more flattering to the latter [Hitler].


Premise: Along with da Vinci, who were two other artists regarded as masters of the High Renaissance?

Hypothesis: This can be seen particularly well in his sculptures, inspired by the study of classical models.


Premise: How many microbreweries exist in Richmond?

Hypothesis: Craft beer and liquor production is also growing in the River City, with twelve micro-breweries in city proper; the oldest is Legend Brewery, founded in 1994.


Premise: What professors established the importance of Whitehead's work?

Hypothesis: Professors such as Wieman, Charles Hartshorne, Bernard Loomer, Bernard Meland, and Daniel Day Williams made Whitehead's philosophy arguably the most important intellectual thread running through the Divinity School.


Premise: What is the result of the programmer making a mistake?

Hypothesis: A defect can turn into a failure when the environment is changed.


Premise: In what year did CTV stop showing live broadcasts of American Idol?

Hypothesis: In Canada, the first thirteen seasons of American Idol were aired live by CTV and/or CTV Two, in simulcast with Fox.


Premise: What are areoles?

Hypothesis: They do not obviously resemble a typical leafless cactus such as an Echinocactus.


Premise: Which weblog helped Sanjaya survive elimination week over and over again?

Hypothesis: Teenager Sanjaya Malakar was the season's most talked-about contestant for his unusual hairdo, and for managing to survive elimination for many weeks due in part to the weblog Vote for the Worst and satellite radio personality Howard Stern, who both encouraged fans to vote for him.


Premise: In Eastern Europe, what is the word for an institute of technology?

Hypothesis: Higher education systems, that are influenced by the French education system set at the end of the 18th century, use a terminology derived by reference to the French École polytechnique.


Premise: Where was the first leg of Queen's mid 2000s tour with Paul Rodgers?

Hypothesis: The first leg was in Europe, the second in Japan, and the third in the US in 2006.


Premise: What did Albert complain about Victoria?

Hypothesis: Letters from Albert to Victoria intermittently complain of her loss of self-control.


Premise: What political strategy only allowed major parts of of Estonia to be accessed by the Soviets?

Hypothesis: Hundreds of thousands of migrants were relocated to Estonia from other parts of the Soviet Union to assist industrialisation and militarisation, contributing an increase of about half a million people within 45 years.


Premise: How old was Beyoncé when she met LaTavia Roberson?

Hypothesis: At age eight, Beyoncé and childhood friend Kelly Rowland met LaTavia Roberson while in an audition for an all-girl entertainment group.


Premise: What city in Venezuela had the first IUT?

Hypothesis: The Institute of technology implementation (IUT from Instituto universitario de tecnologia on Spanish) began with the creation of the first IUT at Caracas, capital city of Venezuela, called IUT.


Premise: What was the name of Callimachus' catalog at the library of Alexandria?

Hypothesis: He had been a student of Callimachus and later became chief librarian (prostates) of the library of Alexandria, Apollonius and Callimachus spent much of their careers feuding with each other.


Premise: How is nociceptive pain classified?

Hypothesis: Some nociceptors respond to more than one of these modalities and are consequently designated polymodal.


Premise: What position in the army did he become after office school?

Hypothesis: At the outbreak of World War I in 1914, he was sent to Ruma, where he was arrested for anti-war propaganda and imprisoned in the Petrovaradin fortress.


Premise: What is the name of the major airport in Mexico City?

Hypothesis: Mexico City is served by Mexico City International Airport (IATA Airport Code: MEX).


Premise: How does sterilisation help to keep the money flow even?

Hypothesis: On the other hand, certain financial techniques can reduce the impact of such purchases on the currency.


Premise: Vinters have adopted solar technology to do what?

Hypothesis: More recently the technology has been embraced by vinters, who use the energy generated by solar panels to power grape presses.


Premise: What other rights were equal to orthodox nobles?

Hypothesis: The Orthodox nobles' rights were nominally equal to those enjoyed by Polish and Lithuanian nobility, but there was a cultural pressure to convert to Catholicism, that was greatly eased in 1596 by the Union of Brest.


Premise: Who besides the Manchus and the Han made up the Eight Banners?

Hypothesis: So many Han defected to the Qing and swelled the ranks of the Eight Banners that ethnic Manchus became a minority, making up only 16% in 1648, with Han Bannermen dominating at 75% and Mongol Bannermen making up the rest.


Premise: Who created the script for the story scenes?

Hypothesis: The story of the game was created by Aonuma, and later underwent several changes by scenario writers Mitsuhiro Takano and Aya Kyogoku.


Premise: What convention recognizes Russian in Armenia?

Hypothesis: In Armenia Russian has no official status, but it's recognised as a minority language under the Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities.


Premise: Who were the guest judges in season two?

Hypothesis: In season two, guest judges such as Lionel Richie and Robin Gibb were used, and in season three Donna Summer, Quentin Tarantino and some of the mentors also joined as judges to critique the performances in the final rounds.


Premise: A method of multitasking that takes a "slice" of time in turn is called what?

Hypothesis: This method of multitasking is sometimes termed "time-sharing" since each program is allocated a "slice" of time in turn.


Premise: What do the majority of defintions surronding sexual orientation include?

Hypothesis: Scientific and professional understanding is that "the core attractions that form the basis for adult sexual orientation typically emerge between middle childhood and early adolescence".


Premise: In addition to bottles and cans, How is beer often sold in bars?

Hypothesis: Beer forms part of the culture of beer-drinking nations and is associated with social traditions such as beer festivals, as well as a rich pub culture involving activities like pub crawling, and pub games such as bar billiards.


Premise: By which path did Portugal discover a route to India?

Hypothesis: Portugal spearheaded European exploration of the world and the Age of Discovery.


Premise: What is a unit load defined as?

Hypothesis: A unit load is defined as 100 mA in USB 1.x and 2.0, and 150 mA in USB 3.0.


Premise: What was the name of the Portuguese explorer?

Hypothesis: Early reports of Europeans reaching this area include those of the Venetian Alvise Cadamosto's voyage of 1455, the 1479–1480 voyage by Flemish-French trader Eustache de la Fosse, and Diogo Cão.


Premise: What curriculum is used in non public madaris in Mindanao?

Hypothesis: Department Order No. 51, which instituted Arabic-language and Islamic Values instruction for Muslim children in state schools, and authorised implementation of the Standard Madrasa Curriculum (SMC) in private-run madaris.


Premise: What percent of Armenias commodities were transported via rail traffic?

Hypothesis: This move effectively crippled Armenia's economy as 85% of its cargo and goods arrived through rail traffic.


Premise: In which psychoanalysts clinics did Popper volunteer?

Hypothesis: He completed his examination as an elementary teacher in 1924 and started working at an after-school care club for socially endangered children.


Premise: When were independent states as Czechoslovakia, the Second Polish Republic, and the State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs established?

Hypothesis: In 1918, after World War I ended, the Slavs established such independent states as Czechoslovakia, the Second Polish Republic, and the State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs.


Premise: What was Tip O'Neill's job?

Hypothesis: Congressman James Shannon, a favorite of House Speaker Tip O'Neill, was the early favorite to win the nomination, and he "won broad establishment support and led in early polling."


Premise: What is the determining factor where zinc and magnesium are very similar chemically?

Hypothesis: The ionic radii of zinc and magnesium happen to be nearly identical.


Premise: What reflects the prevalence rates varying?

Hypothesis: The variance in prevalence rates is reflected in people's inconsistent responses to the different components of sexual orientation within a study and the instability of their responses over time.


Premise: When was the Desert Land Act passed?

Hypothesis: The Desert Land Act of 1877 was passed to allow settlement of arid lands in the west and allotted 640 acres (2.6 km2) to settlers for a fee of $.25 per acre and a promise to irrigate the land.


Premise: Characters with what marks can be displayed as a single character or a decomposed sequence?

Hypothesis: Characters with diacritical marks can generally be represented either as a single precomposed character or as a decomposed sequence of a base letter plus one or more non-spacing marks.


Premise: UNFPA is the largest worldwide funder of what type of programs?

Hypothesis: UNFPA is the world's largest multilateral source of funding for population and reproductive health programs.


Premise: What title did George have in India prior to 1948?

Hypothesis: Ireland formally declared itself a republic and left the Commonwealth in 1949, and India became a republic within the Commonwealth the following year.


Premise: What two offices do Baptists have?

Hypothesis: Baptist churches are widely considered to be Protestant churches, though some Baptists disavow this identity.


Premise: What subtype of clitellates contains earthworms?

Hypothesis: In turn the clitellates were divided into oligochaetes, which include earthworms, and hirudinomorphs, whose best-known members are leeches.


Premise: Bell sketched a design that looked like the work of who?

Hypothesis: Bell returned to Boston the same day and the next day resumed work, drawing in his notebook a diagram similar to that in Gray's patent caveat.


Premise: According to the census of 2000, what percentage of Swiss are pentecostal?

Hypothesis: As of the 2000 census other Christian minority communities include Neo-Pietism (0.44%), Pentecostalism (0.28%, mostly incorporated in the Schweizer Pfingstmission), Methodism (0.13%), the New Apostolic Church (0.45%), Jehovah's Witnesses (0.28%), other Protestant denominations (0.20%), the Old Catholic Church (0.18%), other Christian denominations (0.20%). Non-Christian religions are Hinduism (0.38%), Buddhism (0.29%), Judaism (0.25%) and others (0.11%); 4.3% did not make a statement.


Premise: When did the French language adopt the word 'police'?

Hypothesis: The word, and the concept of police itself, were "disliked as a symbol of foreign oppression" (according to Britannica 1911).


Premise: Why has Thai alphabet support been criticized?

Hypothesis: Thai alphabet support has been criticized for its ordering of Thai characters.


Premise: What acronym was given to South Vietnamese troops?

Hypothesis: Fighting on one side was a coalition of forces including the Republic of Vietnam (South Vietnam or the "RVN"), the United States, supplemented by South Korea, Thailand, Australia, New Zealand, and the Philippines.


Premise: Where was Samoa in the order of small-island countries in their region declaring independence?

Hypothesis: Samoa, the first small-island country in the Pacific to become independent, joined the Commonwealth of Nations on 28 August 1970.


Premise: Can you pin point certain areas of the brain to certain memories.

Hypothesis: Further, it is not sufficient to describe memory, and its counterpart, learning, as solely dependent on specific brain regions.


Premise: Who replaced Kinnock?

Hypothesis: Smith's leadership once again saw the re-emergence of tension between those on the party's left and those identified as "modernisers", both of whom advocated radical revisions of the party's stance albeit in different ways.


Premise: How large is the Bronx?

Hypothesis: Of the five boroughs, the Bronx is the only one on the U.S. mainland and, with a land area of 42 square miles (109 km2) and a population of 1,438,159 in 2014, has the fourth largest land area, the fourth highest population, and the third-highest population density.


Premise: Who has defined a period of when the post-punk era was?

Hypothesis: Reynolds defined the post-punk era as occurring loosely between 1978 and 1984.


Premise: In what period did several government monopolies become repealed?

Hypothesis: To pay for its military campaigns and the settlement of newly conquered frontier territories, the government nationalized the private salt and iron industries in 117 BC, but these government monopolies were repealed during the Eastern Han period.


Premise: How far below the national average is the average annual salary in Southampton?

Hypothesis: This was £1,700 lower than the national average and £3,800 less than the average for the South East.


Premise: Where is the lake located in Atenco?

Hypothesis: Only a small section of the original lake remains, located outside the Federal District, in the municipality of Atenco, State of Mexico.


Premise: What company is Martin Judge the founder of?

Hypothesis: AFL Global and Ganlan Media were created in 2012 by businessman Martin E. Judge, founder and owner of the Judge Group.


Premise: What type of studies does the Biological Conservation journal publish?

Hypothesis: However, another study states that less than 3% of a trophy hunters' expenditures reach the local level, meaning that the economic incentive and benefit is "minimal, particularly when we consider the vast areas of land that hunting concessions occupy."


Premise: What is hunting and gathering argued to be?

Hypothesis: The transition from hunting and gathering to agriculture is not necessarily a one way process.


Premise: Why is glass annealed?

Hypothesis: The obtained glass is usually annealed to prevent breakage during processing.


Premise: Who developed the reference simulation software?

Hypothesis: The reference software in C language was later published as a freely available ISO standard.


Premise: How may satellites will the BeiDou-2 system have?

Hypothesis: The new system will be a constellation of 35 satellites, which include 5 geostationary orbit satellites for backward compatibility with BeiDou-1, and 30 non-geostationary satellites (27 in medium Earth orbit and 3 in inclined geosynchronous orbit), that will offer complete coverage of the globe.


Premise: What anti-Nasser Iraqi was assassinated?

Hypothesis: Nasser felt that the revolution in Iraq left the road for pan-Arab unity unblocked.


Premise: Which artists in the early 19th and 20th century inspired by the newly discovered African, Native American, Micro and Polynesian art?

Hypothesis: Artists such as Paul Gauguin, Henri Matisse, and Pablo Picasso were intrigued and inspired by the stark power and simplicity of styles of those foreign cultures.


Premise: Which area did the Khazars rule over?

Hypothesis: The Khazars dominated the Black Sea steppe during the 8th century, trading and frequently allying with the Byzantine Empire against Persians and Arabs.


Premise: What kinds of adjustments would a governor make?

Hypothesis: Should the engine run too fast, the governor will reduce the current being applied to the motor, causing the return spring to pull back and close the throttle.


Premise: From 1977 to 2011, what was Gaddafi's title?

Hypothesis: Initially ideologically committed to Arab nationalism and Arab socialism, he came to rule according to his own Third International Theory before embracing Pan-Africanism and serving as Chairperson of the African Union from 2009 to 2010.


Premise: What is a less systematic example?

Hypothesis: Less systematic examples include 圕 túshūguǎn "library", a contraction of 圖書館, A four-morpheme word, 社会主义 shèhuì zhǔyì "socialism", is commonly written with a single character formed by combining the last character, 义, with the radical of the first, 社, yielding roughly


Premise: Which two Americans travelled to Europe during the Enlightenment and actively contributed to the scienific and political debate?

Hypothesis: The Age of Enlightenment was preceded by and closely associated with the scientific revolution.


Premise: Jonathon Israel rejects the notion that the revolutionary ideas were by products of what transformations?

Hypothesis: Jonathan Israel rejects the attempts of postmodern and Marxian historians to understand the revolutionary ideas of the period purely as by-products of social and economic transformations.


Premise: Which friend took on the role of several jobs to help Chopin including copyist?

Hypothesis: Two Polish friends in Paris were also to play important roles in Chopin's life there.


Premise: What is another name for PM fields?

Hypothesis: PM fields (stators) are convenient in miniature motors to eliminate the power consumption of the field winding.


Premise: Which vowel remains distinct?

Hypothesis: In Eastern Catalan (except Majorcan), unstressed vowels reduce to three: /a


Premise: Where did the bulk of the cities populace live?

Hypothesis: The vast majority of the population lived in the city center, packed into apartment blocks.[citation needed]


Premise: The foundation has donated billions to sufferers of

Hypothesis: The foundation has donated billions of dollars to help sufferers of AIDS, tuberculosis and malaria, protecting millions of children from death at the hands of preventable diseases.


Premise: What Uralic language branch contains Estonian?

Hypothesis: The Uralic languages do not belong to the Indo-European languages.


Premise: In 1957, the Saar Protectorate rejoined the Federal Republic as which city?

Hypothesis: In 1957, the Saar Protectorate rejoined the Federal Republic as the Saarland.


Premise: What does a omnivore imply?

Hypothesis: An omnivore eats both prey and plants.


Premise: Was the emperor able to reject an opinion that was made by the court conference?

Hypothesis: Nevertheless, emperors sometimes did reject the majority opinion reached at court conferences.


Premise: Why did Zeus strike down Asclepius with a lightning bolt?

Hypothesis: Apollo would have been banished to Tartarus forever for this, but was instead sentenced to one year of hard labor, due to the intercession of his mother, Leto.


Premise: What group declared the healing a miracle by Paul VI?

Hypothesis: The Congregation for the Causes of Saints held that meeting and positively concluded that the healing was indeed a miracle that could be attributed to the late pope.


Premise: What would possibly prevent the even spread of relief benefits from Iran's nuclear and sanctions deal of 2015?

Hypothesis: Economic sanctions against Iran, such as the embargo against Iranian crude oil, have affected the economy.


Premise: How much did the occurrence of serious diseases shortly after the release of the measles vaccine?

Hypothesis: The first 20 years of licensed measles vaccination in the U.S. prevented an estimated 52 million cases of the disease, 17,400 cases of mental retardation, and 5,200 deaths.


Premise: Since when has the number of base pairs of DNA in the human genome been known?

Hypothesis: Although the number of base-pairs of DNA in the human genome has been known since the 1960s, the estimated number of genes has changed over time as definitions of genes, and methods of detecting them have been refined.


Premise: How many planes did the United States have in the Battle of Midway?

Hypothesis: The next stage of the plan called for the capture of Midway, which would give him an opportunity to destroy Nimitz's remaining carriers.


Premise: What is the Gash Group?

Hypothesis: Shards akin to those of the Kerma culture, another community that flourished in the Nile Valley around the same period, were also found at other local archaeological sites in the Barka valley belonging to the Gash Group.


Premise: What did John suffer from?

Hypothesis: There was as yet no model for what should happen if a king refused to do so.


Premise: What facet of religion was not an issue for Roman?

Hypothesis: For example, religious disputes helped cause the First Jewish–Roman War and the Bar Kokhba revolt.


Premise: What circuit of the US Court of Appeals is based in Richmond?

Hypothesis: The city is home to both the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit, one of 13 United States courts of appeals, and the Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond, one of 12 Federal Reserve Banks.


Premise: What pre-historic group did bacteria evolve from?

Hypothesis: However, gene sequences can be used to reconstruct the bacterial phylogeny, and these studies indicate that bacteria diverged first from the archaeal/eukaryotic lineage.


Premise: Who wrote 'Vengeance'?

Hypothesis: The film is based on Vengeance, a book by Canadian journalist George Jonas.


Premise: Who wrote Hasan Mellâh yâhud Sırr İçinde Esrâr?

Hypothesis: In a similar vein, the novelist Ahmed Midhat Efendi wrote important novels in each of the major movements: Romanticism (Hasan Mellâh yâhud Sırr İçinde Esrâr, 1873; "Hasan the Sailor, or The Mystery Within the Mystery"), Realism (Henüz On Yedi Yaşında, 1881; "Just Seventeen Years Old"), and Naturalism (Müşâhedât, 1891; "Observations").


Premise: What is the home field of Plymouth Argyle F.C.?

Hypothesis: The team's home ground is called Home Park and is located in Central Park.


Premise: What is another pan-European style?

Hypothesis: From about 900 CE onwards, the movements of both clerics and tradesmen carried architectural knowledge across Europe, resulting in the pan-European styles Romanesque and Gothic.


Premise: Where did Scott Butera work prior to becoming AFL commissioner?

Hypothesis: Jerry Kurz also stepped down as commissioner of the AFL as he was promoted to be the AFL's first president.


Premise: What neighborhoods does Cottman Avenue serve?

Hypothesis: Woodhaven Road (Route 63), built in 1966, and Cottman Avenue (Route 73) serve the neighborhoods of Northeast Philadelphia, running between Interstate 95 and the Roosevelt Boulevard (U.S. 1).


Premise: What year was the first HD video conferencing system displayed?

Hypothesis: Polycom introduced its first high definition video conferencing system to the market in 2006.


Premise: What was the geothermal capacity in 2008?

Hypothesis: In some countries, geothermal power accounts for a significant share of the total electricity supply, such as in the Philippines, where geothermal represented 17 percent of the total power mix at the end of 2008.


Premise: China and India are now starting to fund what type of shrines in various Asian countries?

Hypothesis: By the late Middle Ages, Buddhism had become virtually extinct in India, although it continued to exist in surrounding countries.


Premise: What are the notable houses in Jaipur made from?

Hypothesis: Jaipur, the Pink City, is noted for the ancient houses made of a type of sandstone dominated by a pink hue.


Premise: What is the name of the first synthetic dye discovered?

Hypothesis: William Henry Perkin studied and worked at the college under von Hofmann, but resigned his position after discovering the first synthetic dye, mauveine, in 1856.


Premise: What was the purpose of top secret ICBM committee?

Hypothesis: Its purpose was to decide on the feasibility of building an ICBM large enough to carry a thermonuclear weapon.


Premise: Where did the wealth of the Glided Age come form?

Hypothesis: During the Gilded Age, there was substantial growth in population in the United States and extravagant displays of wealth and excess of America's upper-class during the post-Civil War and post-Reconstruction era, in the late 19th century.


Premise: What colors were utilized for interiors?

Hypothesis: Techniques employed in the style included flatter, lighter motifs, sculpted in low frieze-like relief or painted in monotones en camaïeu ("like cameos"), isolated medallions or vases or busts or bucrania or other motifs, suspended on swags of laurel or ribbon, with slender arabesques against backgrounds, perhaps, of "Pompeiian red" or pale tints, or stone colours.


Premise: How do Piedmont glaciers appear?

Hypothesis: Alpine glaciers can be straight rivers of ice, long sweeping rivers, spread in a fan-like shape (Piedmont glaciers), and curtains of ice that hang from vertical slopes of the mountain peaks.


Premise: How much money did Spectre make in its first weekend in the US and Canada?

Hypothesis: In the United States and Canada, the film opened on 6 November 2015, and in its opening weekend, was originally projected to gross $70–75 million from 3,927 screens, the widest release for a Bond film.


Premise: What were Arab admirers of Nasser called?

Hypothesis: The Cairo-based Voice of the Arabs radio station spread Nasser's ideas of united Arab action throughout the Arabic-speaking world and historian Eugene Rogan wrote, "Nasser conquered the Arab world by radio."


Premise: Asking questions about an organization's needs will help to create what?

Hypothesis: The answers to these questions establish definitions of the terminology used for entities (customers, products, flights, flight segments) and their relationships and attributes.


Premise: What distinction was afforded to New Haven in 2014 by Livability.com?

Hypothesis: There are 56 Zagat-rated restaurants in New Haven, the most in Connecticut and the third most in New England (after Boston and Cambridge).


Premise: What is the higher end of typical human hearing?

Hypothesis: The average human auditory system is sensitive to frequencies from 20 Hz to a maximum of around 20,000 Hz.


Premise: What years were the highest concentration of military action in NC during the revolutionary war?

Hypothesis: There was some military action, especially in 1780–81.


Premise: Who was the leader of the Revolutionary Committees?

Hypothesis: Dominated by revolutionary zealots, the Revolutionary Committees were led by Mohammad Maghgoub and a Central Coordinating Office, and met with Gaddafi annually.


Premise: What languages are  similar to Catalan in numbers of  couplets?

Hypothesis: Catalan has few suppletive couplets, like Italian and Spanish, and unlike French.


Premise: What four boys from his family's boarding house became friends with Chopin?

Hypothesis: Four boarders at his parents' apartments became Chopin's intimates:


Premise: Which judge joined the panel?

Hypothesis: This was also the first season without executive producer Nigel Lythgoe who left to focus on the international versions of his show


Premise: USAF Officers can be commissioned after graduation from what school?

Hypothesis: Officers may be commissioned upon graduation from the United States Air Force Academy, upon graduation from another college or university through the Air Force Reserve Officer Training Corps (AFROTC) program, or through the Air Force Officer Training School (OTS).


Premise: In which French city was the surrender made official?

Hypothesis: President Trochu resigned on 25 January and was replaced by Favre, who signed the surrender two days later at Versailles, with the armistice coming into effect at midnight.


Premise: What is the EFTA?

Hypothesis: Switzerland is a member of the European Free Trade Association (EFTA).


Premise: Where was the Agucadoura Wave Farm located?

Hypothesis: In 2006, the world's largest solar power plant at that date, the Moura Photovoltaic Power Station, began operating near Moura, in the south, while the world's first commercial wave power farm, the Aguçadoura Wave Farm, opened in the Norte region (2008).


Premise: In what year was Trinity bomb completed?

Hypothesis: When it turned out that there would not be enough uranium-235 to make more than one bomb, the implosive lens project was greatly expanded and von Neumann's idea was implemented.


Premise: What type of transition was noted from one group to the next?

Hypothesis: Blumenbach also noted the graded transition in appearances from one group to adjacent groups and suggested that "one variety of mankind does so sensibly pass into the other, that you cannot mark out the limits between them".


Premise: What was King Louis XV's secret ambition for Sweden and Turkey?

Hypothesis: Louis’s goals for le Secret du roi included an attempt to win the Polish crown for his kinsman Louis François de Bourbon, prince de Conti, and the maintenance of Poland, Sweden, and Turkey as French client states in opposition to Russian and Austrian interests.