Premise: Who is interested in the degrees of phonemic length?

Hypothesis: In actuality, the distinction is not purely in the phonemic length, and the underlying phonological mechanism is still disputed.[citation needed]


Premise: What word roots in the 19th century were rejected in favor of words with more common Slavic roots?

Hypothesis: Although older German loanwords were colloquial, recent borrowings from other languages are associated with high culture.


Premise: The president said funding the U.N. Population Fund would help in how many countries?

Hypothesis: In January 2009 President Barack Obama restored US funding to UNFPA, saying in a public statement that he would "look forward to working with Congress to restore US financial support for the UN Population Fund.


Premise: What century is U.S. regulations dates from?

Hypothesis: Regulation of hunting within the United States dates from the 19th century.


Premise: When was the Promenade des Berges de la Seine inaugurated?

Hypothesis: In March 2001, Bertrand Delanoë became the first socialist mayor of Paris.


Premise: Who occupied Thailand according to the USA?

Hypothesis: The policy of the U.S. Government ever since 1945 has been to treat Thailand not as a former enemy, but rather as a country which had been forced into certain actions by Japanese blackmail, before being occupied by Japanese troops.


Premise: What is one of the sweet spices Greeks like to use with meat?

Hypothesis: Sweet desserts such as galaktoboureko, and drinks such as ouzo, metaxa and a variety of wines including retsina.


Premise: Which church in Venice is decorated with elaborate golden mosaics?

Hypothesis: One hundred and ten scenes of mosaics in the atrium of St Mark's were based directly on the miniatures of the Cotton Genesis, a Byzantine manuscript that was brought to Venice after the sack of Constantinople (1204).


Premise: What tribe did Safia Farkash belong to?

Hypothesis: They met in 1969, following his ascension to power, when he was hospitalized with appendicitis; he claimed that it was love at first sight.


Premise: What was the formalization of the division of small powers and great powers?

Hypothesis: The formalization of the division between small powers and great powers came about with the signing of the Treaty of Chaumont in 1814.


Premise: What is the name of the airport in the eastern half of the country?

Hypothesis: Khorog Airport is a domestic airport and also the only airport in the sparsely populated eastern half of the country.


Premise: How many phase are in the growth of bacteria?

Hypothesis: Bacterial growth follows four phases.


Premise: Why did the city not grow during the Civil War?

Hypothesis: The city was spared significant destruction during the War, but due to the economic problems of the post-war period and Reconstruction, with a state economy based on agriculture, it grew little over the next several decades.


Premise: In which previous catastrophe not live up to international standards?

Hypothesis: This is the first time [that] the Chinese media has lived up to international standards”.


Premise: In which district is "Virgil's tomb" located?

Hypothesis: The structure known as "Virgil's tomb" is found at the entrance of an ancient Roman tunnel (also known as "grotta vecchia") in Piedigrotta, a district two miles from the centre of Naples, near the Mergellina harbor, on the road heading north along the coast to Pozzuoli.


Premise: Scandinavians (Varangians) and Finnic peoples were involved in the early formation of what state?

Hypothesis: Some Finno-Ugric tribes in the north were also absorbed into the expanding Rus population.


Premise: How many tourist visited Greece in 2009?

Hypothesis: Greece is a developed country with high standards of living[citation needed] and high Human Development Index.


Premise: Per the UN definition, what is federalism?

Hypothesis: Much like the US system, the Australian Constitution allocates to the Federal government (the Commonwealth of Australia) the power to make laws about certain specified matters which were considered too difficult for the States to manage, so that the States retain all other areas of responsibility.


Premise: Aside from die casting, what are alloys of zinc mixed with copper, aluminium and magnesium used for?

Hypothesis: Another alloy, marketed under the brand name Prestal, contains 78% zinc and 22% aluminium and is reported to be nearly as strong as steel but as malleable as plastic.


Premise: What is one modern gadget that benefits from high-power blue LED lighting?

Hypothesis: This new development revolutionized LED lighting, making high-power blue light sources practical, leading to the development of technologies like BlueRay, as well as allowing the bright high resolution screens of modern tablets and phones.[citation needed]


Premise: The 7 million sold almost equated to which console's five year span?

Hypothesis: Compute! reported in 1989 that Nintendo had sold seven million NES systems in 1988, almost as many as the number of Commodore 64s sold in its first five years.


Premise: What are mass parties?

Hypothesis: Mass parties tried to recruit new members who were a source of party income and were often expected to spread party ideology as well as assist in elections.


Premise: Whos is honored in the Italian Summer Feasts?

Hypothesis: There are several major annual events such as First Night, which occurs on New Year's Eve, the Boston Early Music Festival, the annual Boston Arts Festival at Christopher Columbus Waterfront Park, and Italian summer feasts in the North End honoring Catholic saints.


Premise: When was the high tide of the Cultural Revolution?

Hypothesis: After the People's Republic of China took control of Mainland China in 1949, the Republic of China government based in Taiwan continued to control the Dachen Islands off the coast of Zhejiang until 1955, even establishing a rival Zhejiang provincial government there, creating a situation similar to Fujian province today.


Premise: What other injuries have been connected with wrestling?

Hypothesis: Chronic traumatic encephalopathy and traumatic brain injuries have also been linked to pro wrestling, including in the double-murder suicide case involving Chris Benoit.


Premise: What percentage of Dell's profits were desktop PCs being sold to commercial and corporate buyers?

Hypothesis: Despite plans of expanding into other global regions and product segments, Dell was heavily dependent on U.S. corporate PC market, as desktop PCs sold to both commercial and corporate customers accounted for 32 percent of its revenue, 85 percent of its revenue comes from businesses, and Sixty-four percent of its revenue comes from North and South America, according to its 2006 third-quarter results.


Premise: Which year was used for estimates in the 2013 report?

Hypothesis: The 2013 Human Development Report by the United Nations Development Program was released on March 14, 2013, and calculates HDI values based on estimates for 2012.


Premise: Who paid for the most lavish of festival events?

Hypothesis: Under the Principate, all such spectacular displays came under Imperial control: the most lavish were subsidised by emperors, and lesser events were provided by magistrates as a sacred duty and privilege of office.


Premise: What types of containers is beer generally sold in?

Hypothesis: Beer forms part of the culture of beer-drinking nations and is associated with social traditions such as beer festivals, as well as a rich pub culture involving activities like pub crawling, and pub games such as bar billiards.


Premise: What nickname have people in opposition to DST given it?

Hypothesis: Winston Churchill argued that it enlarges "the opportunities for the pursuit of health and happiness among the millions of people who live in this country" and pundits have dubbed it "Daylight Slaving Time".


Premise: When did Armenia reject the referendum proposing the retention of the Soviet Union?

Hypothesis: The pogrom of Armenians in Baku in January 1990 forced almost all of the 200,000 Armenians in the Azerbaijani capital Baku to flee to Armenia.


Premise: What was North Carolina State called before?

Hypothesis: The city's Rex Hospital opened in 1889 and included the state's first nursing school.


Premise: What year was Twilight Princess the most critically acclaimed game?

Hypothesis: At the time of its release, Twilight Princess was considered the greatest entry in the Zelda series by many critics, including writers for 1UP.com, Computer and Video Games, Electronic Gaming Monthly, Game Informer, GamesRadar, IGN, and The Washington Post.


Premise: What city is Nigeria's secondary industrial area?

Hypothesis: Ogun is considered to be the current Nigeria's industrial hub, as most factories are located in Ogun and more companies are moving there, followed by Lagos.


Premise: What years are termed the Renaissance period?

Hypothesis: While a similar term is also used to refer to the period from 1750 to 1820 (the Classical period), this article is about the broad span of time from roughly the 11th century to the present day, which includes the Classical period and various other periods.


Premise: Theravada escapes what cycle?

Hypothesis: In Theravada Buddhism, the ultimate goal is the attainment of the sublime state of Nirvana, achieved by practicing the Noble Eightfold Path (also known as the Middle Way), thus escaping what is seen as a cycle of suffering and rebirth.


Premise: Who was the last Greek to clearly rule Bactria?

Hypothesis: Heliocles was the last Greek to clearly rule Bactria, his power collapsing in the face of central Asian tribal invasions (Scythian and Yuezhi), by about 130 BCE.


Premise: What sort of credentials did Franklin S. Harris have?

Hypothesis: He was the first BYU president to have a doctoral degree.


Premise: What is the name of the 360's motion sensing camera peripheral?

Hypothesis: The Xbox 360 features an online service, Xbox Live, which was expanded from its previous iteration on the original Xbox and received regular updates during the console's lifetime.


Premise: On what two occasions was Tucson's record high?

Hypothesis: At the University of Arizona, where records have been kept since 1894, the record maximum temperature was 115 °


Premise: When was the United Nations Conventions on the Rights of the Child Act implemented?

Hypothesis: To address the issue of child labour, the United Nations Conventions on the Rights of the Child Act was implemented in 1959.


Premise: What kind of prisioner was a Freemason considered to be?

Hypothesis: Masonic concentration camp inmates were graded as political prisoners and wore an inverted red triangle.


Premise: When did Ariel Sharon become prime minister?

Hypothesis: After the collapse of the talks and a controversial visit by Likud leader Ariel Sharon to the Temple Mount, the Second Intifada began.


Premise: What besides china clay is used as a filler?

Hypothesis: Besides the fibres, pulps may contain fillers such as chalk or china clay, which improve its characteristics for printing or writing.


Premise: Where does the safe harbor to use a patented invention for research generally not exist?

Hypothesis: There is safe harbor in many jurisdictions to use a patented invention for research.


Premise: Who directed The Day of the Jackal?

Hypothesis: Except for the two first films it produced, Claude Chabrol's Le scandale (English title The Champagne Murders) and Romain Gary's Les oiseaux vont mourir au Pérou (English title Birds in Peru), it was only involved in French or other European co-productions, the most noticeable ones being Louis Malle's Lacombe, Lucien, Bertrand Blier's Les Valseuses (English title Going Places), and Fred Zinnemann's The Day of the Jackal.


Premise: Who was the director of the Philips audio division in 1974?

Hypothesis: In 1974, L. Ottens, director of the audio division of Philips, started a small group with the aim to develop an analog optical audio disc with a diameter of 20 cm and a sound quality superior to that of the vinyl record.


Premise: What does the 'war on terror' name obscure?

Hypothesis: Other critics, such as Francis Fukuyama, note that "terrorism" is not an enemy, but a tactic; calling it a "war on terror", obscures differences between conflicts such as anti-occupation insurgents and international mujahideen.


Premise: How many Special Police protected the relay event?

Hypothesis: The last time an Olympic torch relay was held in Malaysia was the 1964 Tokyo edition.


Premise: What was legitimate knowledge no longer defined by?

Hypothesis: No longer was legitimate knowledge defined by texts in the religious schools, interpreted for the most part with stultifying literalness.


Premise: What literary events were believed to be a fact of truth ?

Hypothesis: The Homeric Epics (i.e. Iliad and Odyssey) were especially and generally accepted as part of the Greek past and it was not until the 19th century that scholars began to question Homer's historicity.


Premise: What location has a few public wifi spots available to the public?

Hypothesis: There are a few public WiFi hotspots in Jamestown, which are also being operated by SURE (formerly Cable & Wireless).


Premise: What did Parisian ladies consider proper etiquette when in Chopin's room?

Hypothesis: After 15 October, when his condition took a marked turn for the worse, only a handful of his closest friends remained with him, although Viardot remarked sardonically that "all the grand Parisian ladies considered it de rigueur to faint in his room."


Premise: What boat was Kerry on, on Mar 13?

Hypothesis: but not all of the passengers at a small village, the boats approached a fishing weir; one group of boats went around to the left of the weir, hugging the shore, and a group with Kerry's PCF-94 boat went around to the right, along the shoreline.


Premise: DNA from Alexandre Colonna-Walewski's descendants has been used to confirm what attribute of Napoleon's?

Hypothesis: Alexandre Colonna-Walewski (1810–1868), the son of his mistress Maria Walewska, although acknowledged by Walewska's husband, was also widely known to be his child, and the DNA of his direct male descendant has been used to help confirm Napoleon's Y-chromosome haplotype.


Premise: At what hospital was the baby delivered?

Hypothesis: On January 7, 2012, Beyoncé gave birth to a daughter, Blue Ivy Carter, at Lenox Hill Hospital in New York under heavy security.


Premise: Who flew to the earthquake area 90 minutes after it hit?

Hypothesis: Just 90 minutes after the earthquake, Premier Wen Jiabao, who has an academic background in geomechanics, flew to the earthquake area to oversee the rescue work.


Premise: Does research favor or reject the hypothesis that adolescents and adults think about risk similarly but hold different values and therefore come to different conclusions?

Hypothesis: Some have argued that there may be evolutionary benefits to an increased propensity for risk-taking in adolescence.


Premise: Which company manages the winners of American Idol?

Hypothesis: All the runners-up of the first ten seasons, as well as some of other finalists, have also received record deals with major labels.


Premise: Who negotiated the Hellgate treaty?

Hypothesis: While the treaty established what later became the Flathead Indian Reservation, trouble with interpreters and confusion over the terms of the treaty led whites to believe that the Bitterroot Valley was opened to settlement, but the tribal nations disputed those provisions.


Premise: What type of model does the mouse play a role for?

Hypothesis: Gene nomenclature has been established by the HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC) for each known human gene in the form of an approved gene name and symbol (short-form abbreviation), which can be accessed through a database maintained by HGNC.


Premise: How many launch titles did the 360 have in Japan?

Hypothesis: Games targeted specifically for the region, such as Chromehounds, Ninety-Nine Nights, and Phantasy Star Universe, were also released in the console's first year.


Premise: How Many Planes returned from the circumnavigation in 1924?

Hypothesis: Two planes made it back, after having covered 27,553 miles (44,342 km) in 175 days, and were greeted on their return September 23, 1924, by a crowd of 200,000 (generously estimated).


Premise: In what year did the liquor industry once again become privatized?

Hypothesis: However, this was repealed in 81 BC and a property tax rate of two coins for every 0.2 L (0.05 gallons) was levied for those who traded it privately.


Premise: How old was Beyoncé when she met LaTavia Roberson?

Hypothesis: Girl's Tyme failed to win, and Beyoncé later said the song they performed was not good.


Premise: What did the majority of Estonians view the Germans as?

Hypothesis: Although initially the Germans were welcomed by most Estonians as liberators from the USSR and its oppressions, and hopes were raised for the restoration of the country's independence, it was soon realised that the Nazis were but another occupying power.


Premise: What year did Fox announce the cancellation of American Idol?

Hypothesis: Ryan Seacrest returns as host, with Harry Connick Jr., Keith Urban, and Jennifer Lopez all returning for their respective third, fourth, and fifth seasons as judges.


Premise: The people in Geoffrey Chaucer's Canterbury Tales begin their pilgrimage from what London establishment?

Hypothesis: Later important depictions of London from the 19th and early 20th centuries are Dickens' novels, and Arthur Conan Doyle's Sherlock Holmes stories.


Premise: Many of the Sultans of the Ottoman empire were accomplished at being what?

Hypothesis: Ottoman classical music was an important part of the education of the Ottoman elite, a number of the Ottoman sultans were accomplished musicians and composers themselves, such as Selim III, whose compositions are often still performed today.


Premise: Who is responsible for judicial review?

Hypothesis: For this reason, precedent alone established the principle that a court may strike down a law it deems unconstitutional.


Premise: How can a referee's action result in a no contest?

Hypothesis: A wrestling match may be declared a no contest if the winning conditions are unable to occur.


Premise: The Free Hanseatic City of Bremen includes which two cities?

Hypothesis: Since today's Germany was formed from an earlier collection of several states, it has a federal constitution, and the constituent states retain a measure of sovereignty.


Premise: What is used a main source of light for a building during the day?

Hypothesis: This can save energy in place of using artificial lighting, which represents a major component of energy consumption in buildings.


Premise: What StudioCanal film received an Academy Award nomination?

Hypothesis: In late 2000, the New York Film Academy was permitted to use the Universal Studios backlot for student film projects in an unofficial partnership.


Premise: Which law established Ireland's police?

Hypothesis: Meanwhile, the authorities in Glasgow, Scotland successfully petitioned the government to pass the Glasgow Police Act establishing the City of Glasgow Police in 1800.


Premise: Who was depicted with the Empress Zoe on a panel in the gallery of the Hagia Sophia?

Hypothesis: Justinian I is offering the model of the church to Mary while Constantine is holding a model of the city in his hand.


Premise: Where is the New England Aquarium located?

Hypothesis: Because of the city's prominent role in the American Revolution, several historic sites relating to that period are preserved as part of the Boston National Historical Park.


Premise: What important heritage of art  from Greece was celebrated during this time ?

Hypothesis: Well into the 19th century, the classical tradition derived from Greece played an important role in the art of the western world.


Premise: Who recorded the visual evidence on the disdainful incident?

Hypothesis: The BBC News media outlet obtained video footage of a man with severe burns who received no assistance from passers-by or police officers even though he was lying on the ground in a public area.


Premise: Most courtship displays involve some type of what?

Hypothesis: Most displays are rather simple and involve some type of song.


Premise: What other text was related to the Ashtadhyayi?

Hypothesis: In particular the Shiva Sutras, an auxiliary text to the Ashtadhyayi, introduces what can be considered a list of the phonemes of the Sanskrit language, with a notational system for them that is used throughout the main text, which deals with matters of morphology, syntax and semantics.


Premise: What is believed to have caused many civilian casualties from anti-aircraft guns?

Hypothesis: Although the use of the guns improved civilian morale, with the knowledge the German bomber crews were facing the barrage, it is now believed that the anti-aircraft guns achieved little and in fact the falling shell fragments caused more British casualties on the ground.


Premise: Who did Paul VI refuse to excommunicate?

Hypothesis: He admonished but did not punish those with other views.


Premise: Where is Seymour johnson air force base located?

Hypothesis: One of the busiest air stations in the United States Coast Guard is located at the Coast Guard Air Station in Elizabeth City.


Premise: Who did Chopin play for while she sang?

Hypothesis: Occasionally he played, or accompanied the singing of Delfina Potocka, for his friends.


Premise: Leotards are an example of what type of garment?

Hypothesis: Common sportswear garments include shorts, T-shirts, tennis shirts, leotards, tracksuits, and trainers.


Premise: Where did the government open access to?

Hypothesis: There were also several concerts across the country to raise money for the survivors of the quake.


Premise: Cubism revolutionized the way things could be seen in art how?

Hypothesis: This new kind of depiction revolutionized the way objects could be visualized in painting and art.


Premise: What year did the Oeselian pirates carry out a famous raid?

Hypothesis: The former was a warship, the latter mainly a merchant ship.


Premise: Why do males in polygynous species return before the females?

Hypothesis: In polygynous species with considerable sexual dimorphism, males tend to return earlier to the breeding sites than their females.


Premise: In 2014, what percentage of the city identified as Christian?

Hypothesis: According to a 2014 study by the Pew Research Center, 57% of the population of the city identified themselves as Christians, with 25% professing attendance at a variety of churches that could be considered Protestant, and 29% professing Roman Catholic beliefs.


Premise: What are man-portable missiles better known as?

Hypothesis: First to go were the large weapons, replaced by equally large missile systems of much higher performance.


Premise: What is the driest country in sub-Saharan Africa?

Hypothesis: The only perennial rivers are found on the national borders with South Africa, Angola, Zambia, and the short border with Botswana in the Caprivi.


Premise: Where did Feynman paint his diagrams?

Hypothesis: Feynman painted Feynman diagrams on the exterior of his van.


Premise: On what wall of a church was the Last Judgment typically painted?

Hypothesis: Romanesque art, especially metalwork, was at its most sophisticated in Mosan art, in which distinct artistic personalities including Nicholas of Verdun (d. 1205) become apparent, and an almost classical style is seen in works such as a font at Liège, contrasting with the writhing animals of the exactly contemporary Gloucester Candlestick.


Premise: Does the amount of white matter in the brain increase or decrease over the course of adolescence?

Hypothesis: Through a process called synaptic pruning, unnecessary neuronal connections in the brain are eliminated and the amount of grey matter is pared down.


Premise: In what year did nations standardize on red as a color for stop lights?

Hypothesis: But it was mostly chosen as the color for stoplights and stop signs because of its universal association with danger and warning.


Premise: At the 1945 general election, The Times adopted a stance that was referred to by what name?

Hypothesis: The Times adopted a stance described as "peculiarly detached" at the 1945 general election; although it was increasingly critical of the Conservative Party's campaign, it did not advocate a vote for any one party.


Premise: Which historian describes Napoleon's legacy in terms of years spent at war, numbers of European dead, and France's bankruptcy and loss of colonies?

Hypothesis: Critics argue Napoleon's true legacy must reflect the loss of status for France and needless deaths brought by his rule: historian Victor Davis Hanson writes, "After all, the military record is unquestioned—17 years of wars, perhaps six million Europeans dead, France bankrupt, her overseas colonies lost."


Premise: How many LEGAT offices does the FBI operate?

Hypothesis: Despite its domestic focus, the FBI also maintains a significant international footprint, operating 60 Legal Attache (LEGAT) offices and 15 sub-offices in U.S. embassies and consulates across the globe.


Premise: Which parts of the ball carrier's body do not cause play to stop when they touch the ground?

Hypothesis: Play stops when the ball carrier's knee, elbow, or any other body part aside from the feet and hands, is forced to the ground (a tackle); when a forward pass is not caught on the fly (during a scrimmage); when a touchdown (see below) or a field goal is scored; when the ball leaves the playing area by any means (being carried, thrown, or fumbled out of bounds); or when the ball carrier is in a standing position but can no longer move forwards (called forward progress).


Premise: Why is efficiency sometimes lost in phosphor-based LEDs?

Hypothesis: The design and production of a light source or light fixture using a monochrome emitter with phosphor conversion is simpler and cheaper than a complex RGB system, and the majority of high-intensity white LEDs presently on the market are manufactured using phosphor light conversion.


Premise: Which Catholic society is Detroit Mercy affiliated with?

Hypothesis: The University of Detroit Mercy School of Law is located Downtown across from the Renaissance Center.


Premise: What two entities regulate New Jersey's casino?

Hypothesis: Atlantic City is considered as the "Gambling Capital of the East Coast," and currently has eight large casinos and several smaller ones.


Premise: What name did people opposed to the Bolsheviks use for the Soviet state?

Hypothesis: Initially, the state did not have an official name and wasn't recognized by neighboring countries for five months.


Premise: Who paid for Chopin's apartment in Chaillot?

Hypothesis: During the summer of 1849, his friends found him an apartment in Chaillot, out of the centre of the city, for which the rent was secretly subsidised by an admirer, Princess Obreskoff.


Premise: Name two contributors to Reformed churches.

Hypothesis: The word reformatorisch is used as an alternative for evangelisch in German, and is different from English reformed (German: reformiert), which refers to churches shaped by ideas of John Calvin, Huldrych Zwingli and other Reformed theologians.


Premise: Where did Kanye receive a scholarship to attend?

Hypothesis: For Kanye to make an album called College Dropout it was more about having the guts to embrace who you are, rather than following the path society has carved out for you."


Premise: Who ultilized von Siemens ideas to build a succesful business?

Hypothesis: The first electric elevator was built by Werner von Siemens in 1880 in Germany.


Premise: Who ratified the Accords?

Hypothesis: The legality of this action was questionable, since Soviet law did not allow a republic to unilaterally recall its deputies.


Premise: What bodies controlled drinking establishment licensing administration as of 2005?

Hypothesis: However licensing was gradually liberalised after the 1960s, until contested licensing applications became very rare, and the remaining administrative function was transferred to Local Authorities in 2005.


Premise: Pat O'Brien portrayed which person in the film Knute Rockne?

Hypothesis: In the film Knute Rockne, All American, Knute Rockne (played by Pat O'Brien) delivers the famous "Win one for the Gipper" speech, at which point the background music swells with the "Notre Dame Victory March".


Premise: Some North Carolinians still refused to support what after secession?

Hypothesis: After secession, some North Carolinians refused to support the Confederacy.


Premise: To what location is Selenizza bitumen native?

Hypothesis: The rock asphalt is found in the form of veins, filling cracks in a more or less horizontal direction.


Premise: What does the Hyperdermis consist of?

Hypothesis: The dermis is made up of many components, such as bony structures and blood vessels.


Premise: Which other large religion also exist in Alsace due to the once German presence?

Hypothesis: This divergence in policy from the French majority is due to the region having been part of Imperial Germany when the 1905 law separating the French church and state was instituted (for a more comprehensive history, see: Alsace-Lorraine).


Premise: How big was the stake in Alstom taken by the French government as part of the acquisition deal?

Hypothesis: Part of the transaction involved the French government taking a 20% stake in Alstom to help secure France's energy and transport interests, and French jobs.


Premise: When was fluorescent lighting first available?

Hypothesis: Forms of lighting include alcove lighting, which like most other uplighting is indirect.


Premise: What is the Foothills west of?

Hypothesis: Also on the north side is the suburban community of Catalina Foothills, located in the foothills of the Santa Catalina Mountains just north of the city limits.


Premise: What kind of citizenship do the citizens of Saint Helena hold?

Hypothesis: The citizens of Saint Helena hold British Overseas Territories citizenship.


Premise: How does the audience being acknowledged by the wrestlers impact the show?

Hypothesis: This leads to a high level of audience participation; in fact, their reactions can dictate how the performance unfolds.


Premise: Who arrived at the Marshall Islands in the second millennium BC?

Hypothesis: Micronesians settled the Marshall Islands in the 2nd millennium BC, but there are no historical or oral records of that period.


Premise: In what year did World War I begin?

Hypothesis: The outbreak of World War I in 1914 was precipitated by the rise of nationalism in Southeastern Europe as the Great Powers took up sides.


Premise: For modern solid wood doors, what wood is often used in addition to small-knotted pine or poplar?

Hypothesis: In Medieval Europe oak was the wood of choice for all wood construction, including beams, walls, doors, and floors.


Premise: What is the legal status of nobilitas?

Hypothesis: In official Latin documents of the old Commonwealth, hereditary szlachta are referred to as "nobilitas" and are indeed the equivalent in legal status of the English nobility.


Premise: What does Hokkien mean?

Hypothesis: The term Hokkien (福建; hɔk˥˥kɪɛn˨˩) is itself a term not used in Chinese to refer to the dialect, as it simply means Fujian province.


Premise: Only a few of the 105 mm static mounting AA guns were produced because work had started on which other gun?

Hypothesis: The US ended World War I with two 3-inch AA guns and improvements were developed throughout the inter-war period.


Premise: How many people were in Bell's first class?

Hypothesis: While he was working as a private tutor, one of his most famous pupils was Helen Keller, who came to him as a young child unable to see, hear, or speak.


Premise: What is used for error correction of transferred data?

Hypothesis: Finite symmetry groups such as the Mathieu groups are used in coding theory, which is in turn applied in error correction of transmitted data, and in CD players.


Premise: Who approved a resolution concerning human rights on April 1, 2008?

Hypothesis: On April 1, 2008, the San Francisco Board of Supervisors approved a resolution addressing human rights concerns when the Beijing Olympic torch arrives in San Francisco on April 9.


Premise: What program is open to the residents of Ann arbor?

Hypothesis: The district also operates a K-8 open school program, Ann Arbor Open School, out of the former Mack School.


Premise: Identify a major Prussian loss to the Russians

Hypothesis: The Russians under Zakhar Chernyshev and Pyotr Rumyantsev stormed Kolberg in Pomerania, while the Austrians captured Schweidnitz.


Premise: For what reason are the City of London and Greater London considered to be counties?

Hypothesis: London's status as the capital of England, and later the United Kingdom, has never been granted or confirmed officially—by statute or in written form.[note 6]


Premise: Who was an advocate of separation of powers?

Hypothesis: Montesquieu was one of the foremost supporters of separating the legislature, the executive, and the judiciary.


Premise: Of the 16 satellites launched for the BeiDou-2 system, how many are operational?

Hypothesis: As of December 2012, 16 satellites for BeiDou-2 have been launched, 14 of them are in service.


Premise: When was the Berne Convention?

Hypothesis: The German equivalent was used with the founding of the North German Confederation whose constitution granted legislative power over the protection of intellectual property (Schutz des geistigen Eigentums) to the confederation.


Premise: Which US state donated Washington, D.C.?

Hypothesis: The capital city, Washington, District of Columbia, is a federal district located on land donated by the state of Maryland.


Premise: How many bathrooms are there?

Hypothesis: There are 775 rooms, including 19 state rooms, 52 principal bedrooms, 188 staff bedrooms, 92 offices, and 78 bathrooms.


Premise: What military force was brought in to calm the situation?

Hypothesis: By the end of December, British and French forces had totally withdrawn from Egyptian territory, while Israel completed its withdrawal in March 1957 and released all Egyptian prisoners of war.


Premise: What are child safety and public library software used to filter?

Hypothesis: Thus if a distributor of copyrighted works has some kind of software, dongle or password access device installed in instances of the work, any attempt to bypass such a copy protection scheme may be actionable – though the US Copyright Office is currently reviewing anticircumvention rulemaking under DMCA – anticircumvention exemptions that have been in place under the DMCA include those in software designed to filter websites that are generally seen to be inefficient (child safety and public library website filtering software) and the circumvention of copy protection mechanisms that have malfunctioned, have caused the instance of the work to become inoperable or which are no longer supported by their manufacturers.


Premise: What language is Sassarese closely related to?

Hypothesis: The Sardinian language is considered to be its own Romance language family, separate not only from standard Italian but also the wider Italo-Dalmatian family, and it includes the Campidanese Sardinian and Logudorese Sardinian variants.


Premise: As better weapons are created, what systems continue to improve as well to counter them?

Hypothesis: Dedicated weapons such as anti-radiation missiles and advanced electronics intelligence and electronic countermeasures platforms seek to suppress or negate the effectiveness of an opposing air-defence system.


Premise: What regulates breeding activities?

Hypothesis: The most developed part of the brain is the one that controls the flight-related functions, while the cerebellum coordinates movement and the cerebrum controls behaviour patterns, navigation, mating and nest building.


Premise: When did Flinders write his book of discovery?

Hypothesis: He justified the titling of his book A Voyage to Terra Australis (1814) by writing in the introduction:


Premise: What organization likes the term "circuit card assembly" for boards that have already been assembled?

Hypothesis: The IPC preferred term for assembled boards is circuit card assembly (CCA), and for assembled backplanes it is backplane assemblies.


Premise: What does SDTV stand for?

Hypothesis: At a minimum, HDTV has twice the linear resolution of standard-definition television (SDTV), thus showing greater detail than either analog television or regular DVD.


Premise: IBM was identified by what department as a major source of pollution?

Hypothesis: IBM Endicott has been identified by the Department of Environmental Conservation as the major source of pollution, though traces of contaminants from a local dry cleaner and other polluters were also found.


Premise: Who was the mentor for season 13?

Hypothesis: Beginning in the tenth season[citation needed], permanent mentors were brought in during the live shows to help guide the contestants with their song choice and performance.


Premise: Where did Jules Verne do research for his stories?

Hypothesis: One of the most popular of all French writers, Jules Verne, worked at the Theatre Lyrique and the Paris stock exchange, while he did research for his stories at the National Library.


Premise: Who was found guilty in 2015?

Hypothesis: The police officer had already pleaded guilty to misconduct in a public office and given a two-year gaol sentence in 2014, but the jury in France’s trial was not informed of this.


Premise: How many terms may a president serve?

Hypothesis: The president is elected to a four-year term and may serve 2 terms.


Premise: What refers to a high mountain pasture where cows are taken to be grazed during the summer months?

Hypothesis: In modern languages the term alp, alm, albe or alpe refers to a grazing pastures in the alpine regions below the glaciers, not the peaks.


Premise: In the western US, who were not allowed to have relationships with whites?

Hypothesis: Anti-miscegenation laws were passed in most states during the 18th, 19th and early 20th centuries, but this did not prevent white slaveholders, their sons, or other powerful white men from taking slave women as concubines and having multiracial children with them.


Premise: What were the tools believed to have been used for by early humans?

Hypothesis: It is believed that the area was on the route out of Africa that some scholars suggest was used by early humans to colonize the rest of the Old World.


Premise: What is the effect of exposing a human to red when it comes to cognitive skills?

Hypothesis: Controlled tests have demonstrated that wearing red does not increase performance or levels of testosterone during exercise, so the effect is likely to be produced by perceived rather than actual performance.


Premise: What does it mean when someones sexualiity is fluid?

Hypothesis: such that one's sexual orientation is not necessarily stable or consistent over time but is subject to change throughout life.


Premise: What is gymnastics?

Hypothesis: Competitive artistic gymnastics is the best known of the gymnastic events.


Premise: What file format is being covered up by the use of ipg files?

Hypothesis: When unzipped, they reveal executable files along with common audio and image files, leading to the possibility of third party games.


Premise: Who are the famous Venezuelen mandolinist?

Hypothesis: Today, Venezuelan mandolists include an important group of virtuoso players and ensembles such as Alberto Valderrama, Jesus Rengel, Ricardo Sandoval, Saul Vera, and Cristobal Soto.


Premise: What is the name of the general that lead British regulars to New Haven Harbor?

Hypothesis: On July 5, 1779, 2,600 loyalists and British regulars under General William Tryon, governor of New York, landed in New Haven Harbor and raided the 3,500-person town.


Premise: How many bird species are long distance migrants?

Hypothesis: Migration is the regular seasonal movement, often north and south, undertaken by many species of birds.


Premise: What religion did Zhang Jue practice?

Hypothesis: Zhang Lu's rebellion, in modern northern Sichuan and southern Shaanxi, was not quelled until 215 AD.


Premise: Which two areas experienced criss-cross influences through noble and lower class participation?

Hypothesis: Cross-class influences occurred through noble and lower class participation in areas such as the coffeehouses and the Masonic lodges.


Premise: ASCI was the most common character encoding on the world wide web until when?

Hypothesis: Most modern character-encoding schemes are based on ASCII, though they support many additional characters.


Premise: Who was Bush's running mate?

Hypothesis: He and his running mate, North Carolina Senator John Edwards, lost the election, finishing 35 electoral votes behind Bush and Vice President Dick Cheney.


Premise: What is something that may alter the intended meaning of a message?

Hypothesis: This second attitude of communication, referred to as the constitutive model or constructionist view, focuses on how an individual communicates as the determining factor of the way the message will be interpreted.


Premise: How many master's degrees did Northwestern confer during the 2012-2013 school term?

Hypothesis: Accredited by the North Central Association of Colleges and Schools and the respective national professional organizations for chemistry, psychology, business, education, journalism, music, engineering, law, and medicine, the university offers 124 undergraduate programs and 145 graduate and professional programs.


Premise: Near what city in Sudan do many Somalis reside?

Hypothesis: Primarily concentrated in the north and Khartoum, the expatriate community mainly consists of students as well as some businesspeople.


Premise: What does Japanese wrestling combine?

Hypothesis: Despite the similarity to its American counterpart in that the outcome of the matches remains predetermined, the phenomena are different in the form of the psychology and presentation of the sport; it is treated as a full contact combat sport as it mixes hard hitting martial arts strikes with shoot style submission holds, while in the U.S. it is rather more regarded as an entertainment show.


Premise: When were birds last seen in Keoladeo National Park?

Hypothesis: Birds were last seen in their favourite wintering grounds in Keoladeo National Park in 2002.


Premise: In what country is Viskuli located?

Hypothesis: On December 8, 1991, at Viskuli near Brest (Belarus), the President of the Russian SFSR and the heads of Byelorussian SSR and Ukrainian SSR signed the "Agreement on the Establishment of the Commonwealth of Independent States" (known in media as Belavezha Accords).


Premise: Who was Governor of Michigan in 1970?

Hypothesis: In a narrow decision, the Court found that schools were a subject of local control and that suburbs could not be forced to solve problems in the city's school district.


Premise: What New York street is associated with fashion?

Hypothesis: Despite New York's heavy reliance on its vast public transit system, streets are a defining feature of the city.


Premise: What does LVL stand for?

Hypothesis: The trends suggest that particle board and fiber board will overtake plywood.


Premise: When did Joan Hassall redesign the Royal Institute's medal?

Hypothesis: It was again redesigned in 1931 by Eric Gill and in 1960 by Joan Hassall.


Premise: How many stores did Woolco operate before selling their shares to Walmart?

Hypothesis: Woolco had 160 stores in Canada when operations ceased (Walmart bought out Woolco in 1994).


Premise: What did the first model for communication consist of?

Hypothesis: Their initial model consisted of three primary parts: sender, channel, and receiver.


Premise: How many blocks west of Second Avenue does E 122nd Street run?

Hypothesis: E 122nd Street runs four blocks (2,250 feet (690 m))


Premise: How much of Europe does the Alps cover?

Hypothesis: Cities such as Milan depend on 80 percent of water from Alpine runoff.


Premise: Who owned the building at 29 East 32nd Street between 1890 and 1917?

Hypothesis: 29 East 32nd Street was the location of the first building owned by the Grolier Club between 1890 and 1917.


Premise: A logic problem arises when noting that the four truths constitute what?

Hypothesis: Liberating insight" is a later addition to this text, and reflects a later development and understanding in early Buddhism.[page needed][page needed]


Premise: How many of Ozawa's submarines were sunk by American destroyers?

Hypothesis: Over the previous month American destroyers had destroyed 17 of 25 submarines out of Ozawa's screening force.


Premise: What contraption is used to carry the paper to the web printing presses?

Hypothesis: The fibres in the paper basically run in the machine direction.


Premise: What type of garden did James I create?

Hypothesis: mulberry garden for the production of silk.


Premise: What currency is Swaziland bound to?

Hypothesis: Swaziland's currency is pegged to the South African Rand, subsuming Swaziland's monetary policy to South Africa.


Premise: What grain is a staple for residents near the coast of Guinea-Bissau?

Hypothesis: Black-eyed peas are also part of the diet.


Premise: A colder city like Lugo has how many days with frosts?

Hypothesis: But the colder city of Lugo, to the east, has an average of 1,759 sunlight hours per year, 117 days with precipitations (> 1 mm) totalling 901.54 millimetres (35.5 in), and 40 days with frosts per year.


Premise: What was the name of the conservative group opposing the Enlightenment?

Hypothesis: There were two distinct lines of Enlightenment thought: the radical enlightenment, inspired by the philosophy of Spinoza, advocating democracy, individual liberty, freedom of expression, and eradication of religious authority; and a second, more moderate variety, supported by René Descartes, John Locke, Christian Wolff, Isaac Newton and others, which sought accommodation between reform and the traditional systems of power and faith.


Premise: In 2000, what percentage of Richmond residents were multiracial?

Hypothesis: The racial makeup of the city was 38.3% White, 57.2% African American, 0.2% Native American, 1.3% Asian, 0.1% Pacific Islander, 1.5% from other races, and 1.5% from two or more races.


Premise: New York City's women's basketball team is called what?

Hypothesis: The city's National Basketball Association teams are the Brooklyn Nets and the New York Knicks, while the New York Liberty is the city's Women's National Basketball Association.


Premise: What Turkic federations ruled Armenia?

Hypothesis: In 1080, they founded an independent Armenian Principality then Kingdom of Cilicia, which became the focus of Armenian nationalism.


Premise: What differentiates placozoans from the ctenophora and the cnidaria?

Hypothesis: Among the other phyla, the Ctenophora and the Cnidaria, which includes sea anemones, corals, and jellyfish, are radially symmetric and have digestive chambers with a single opening, which serves as both the mouth and the anus.


Premise: Who was leading the Romans at Argentoratum?

Hypothesis: The Romans under Nero Claudius Drusus established a military outpost belonging to the Germania Superior Roman province at Strasbourg's current location, and named it Argentoratum.


Premise: Where are Thomas Gilcrease's collections housed?

Hypothesis: The Philbrook Museum of Tulsa is considered one of the top 50 fine art museums in the United States, and the Sam Noble Oklahoma Museum of Natural History in Norman, one of the largest university-based art and history museums in the country, documents the natural history of the region.


Premise: Who ruled the Liao dynasty?

Hypothesis: During the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period of China (907–960), while the fractured political realm of China saw no threat in a Tibet which was in just as much political disarray, there was little in the way of Sino-Tibetan relations.


Premise: What network is used to contact concierge and emergency assitance services as well as getting navigational and entetainment information?

Hypothesis: Connected cars may use wifi and bluetooth to communicate with onboard consumer devices, and the cell phone network to contact concierge and emergency assistance services or get navigational or entertainment information; each of these networks is a potential entry point for malware or an attacker.


Premise: How many officers are in the Prefecture of Police of Paris?

Hypothesis: The security of Paris is mainly the responsibility of the Prefecture of Police of Paris, a subdivision of the Ministry of the Interior of France.


Premise: What is the Boom Festival?

Hypothesis: Furthermore, one of the largest international Goa trance festivals takes place in central Portugal every two years, the Boom Festival, that is also the only festival in Portugal to win international awards: European Festival Award 2010 – Green'n'Clean Festival of the Year and the Greener Festival Award Outstanding 2008 and 2010.


Premise: What town is The Crow and Gate located in?

Hypothesis: For example, a pub in Crowborough, East Sussex called The Crow and Gate has an image of a crow with gates as wings.


Premise: Where is the Museo y Parque Fernando Garcia located?

Hypothesis: The Museo y Parque Fernando García in Carrasco, a transport and automobile museum, includes old horse carriages and some early automobiles.


Premise: Along with criminal law, what facet of law considers evidence related to emotion?

Hypothesis: In political science, emotions are examined in a number of sub-fields, such as the analysis of voter decision-making.


Premise: What is the median level for measuring atmospheric noise?

Hypothesis: For example, CCIR Rep. 258-3 indicates man-made noise in a residential setting at 40 MHz is about 28 dB above the thermal noise floor.


Premise: What protein carries the majority of copper in blood?

Hypothesis: Ceruloplasmin also carries copper that is excreted in milk, and is particularly well-absorbed as a copper source.


Premise: Along with Ottawa, Calgary, Edmonton, Montreal, Winnipeg, Hamilton and Vancouver, what Canadian city has a significant Somali population?

Hypothesis: Civil strife in the early 1990s greatly increased the size of the Somali diaspora, as many of the best educated Somalis left for the Middle East, Europe and North America.


Premise: When did FIG decide that scores are no longer limited to 10 points?

Hypothesis: In 2006, FIG introduced a new points system for Artistic gymnastics in which scores are no longer limited to 10 points.


Premise: How would the Empire style of France be characterized by comparison?

Hypothesis: Mainly based on Imperial Roman styles, it originated in, and took its name from, the rule of Napoleon I in the First French Empire, where it was intended to idealize Napoleon's leadership and the French state.


Premise: In what type of writing would a more familiar, standard literary narrative structure be employed?

Hypothesis: They may indicate to a reader that there is a familiar structure and presentation to a work, such as a conventional murder-mystery novel; or, the author may choose to experiment with their technique to surprise the reader.


Premise: What almost killed Gautama in his pursuit?

Hypothesis: He almost starved himself to death in the process.


Premise: What period was from 500-1400?

Hypothesis: The major time divisions of classical music up to 1900 are the early music period, which includes Medieval (500–1400) and Renaissance (1400–1600) eras, and the Common practice period, which includes the Baroque (1600–1750), Classical (1750–1830) and Romantic (1804–1910) eras.


Premise: Along with reducing the federal deficit, what was Eisenhower's main policy priority as president?

Hypothesis: In the first year of his presidency, he threatened the use of nuclear weapons in an effort to conclude the Korean War; his New Look policy of nuclear deterrence prioritized inexpensive nuclear weapons while reducing funding for conventional military forces.


Premise: Who was the mother of Charles Léon?

Hypothesis: Alexandre Colonna-Walewski (1810–1868), the son of his mistress Maria Walewska, although acknowledged by Walewska's husband, was also widely known to be his child, and the DNA of his direct male descendant has been used to help confirm Napoleon's Y-chromosome haplotype.


Premise: What does the cracking of the ice create?

Hypothesis: The cracking creates unpredictable and dangerous crevasses, often invisible under new snowfall, which cause the greatest danger to mountaineers.


Premise: Who did Napoleon fight his first military campaign against?

Hypothesis: The Directory rewarded Napoleon by giving him command of the Army of Italy at age 26, when he began his first military campaign against the Austrians and their Italian allies, scoring a series of decisive victories that made him famous all across Europe.


Premise: When was the Second Opium War?

Hypothesis: By the late 19th century, the most conservative elements within the Qing court could no longer ignore China's military weakness.


Premise: What location is a Canadian airforce base located whose name is also a dog breed?

Hypothesis: A Canadian component of the NATO Airborne Early Warning Force is also based at NATO Air Base Geilenkirchen near Geilenkirchen, Germany.


Premise: What four topics are required in an Endangered Species Recovery Plan?

Hypothesis: Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) and National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) are required to create an Endangered Species Recovery Plan outlining the goals, tasks required, likely costs, and estimated timeline to recover endangered species (i.e., increase their numbers and improve their management to the point where they can be removed from the endangered list).


Premise: How did de Melo contribute to the study of seismology?

Hypothesis: Sebastião de Melo also made an important contribution to the study of seismology by designing an inquiry that was sent to every parish in the country.


Premise: The Ottoman Caliphate claimed by Murad Ir epresented what in Islam?

Hypothesis: The highest position in Islam, caliphate, was claimed by the sultans starting since Murad I, which was established as Ottoman Caliphate.


Premise: What is the name of Bostons main airport?

Hypothesis: Nearby general aviation airports are Beverly Municipal Airport to the north, Hanscom Field to the west, and Norwood Memorial Airport to the south.


Premise: Which traditional branches of the military does Burma have?

Hypothesis: The Tatmadaw comprises the Army, the Navy, and the Air Force.


Premise: What notable public housing projects are present in the Southside?

Hypothesis: Much of Southside developed a suburban character as part of Chesterfield County before being annexed by Richmond, most notably in 1970.


Premise: How many bikes are involved in the bike share system?

Hypothesis: There are, as of September 2013, 276 stations with 4,000 bicycles across an area stretching from the Historic center to Polanco.


Premise: In what year did the original 500 Puritan settlers arrive in the New Haven harbor area?

Hypothesis: These settlers were hoping to establish a (in their mind) better theological community, with the government more closely linked to the church than the one they left in Massachusetts and sought to take advantage of the excellent port capabilities of the harbor.


Premise: What is available in few cities?

Hypothesis: Broadband internet is available in select towns and cities and is provided by the state-run BSNL and by other private companies.


Premise: What are the AA systems called in Russian?

Hypothesis: In Russian the AA systems are called zenitnye (i.e. "pointing to zenith")


Premise: Who argued that scholars in the Middle Ages were rarely coerced by the Church?

Hypothesis: Also, contrary to common belief, David Lindberg writes, "the late medieval scholar rarely experienced the coercive power of the church and would have regarded himself as free (particularly in the natural sciences) to follow reason and observation wherever they led".


Premise: What does the title of elder not signify?

Hypothesis: New elders are appointed by a traveling overseer after recommendation by the existing body of elders.


Premise: Who did The League of Nations grant  France mandates over?

Hypothesis: The results of World War I would be important factors in the development of World War II approximately 20 years later.


Premise: How long was Southampton's High Street as described by Choules?

Hypothesis: The High Street opens from the quay, and under various names it winds in a gently sweeping line for one mile and a half, and is of very handsome width.


Premise: How much cooling can ozone depletion cause over Antarctica?

Hypothesis: Models also suggest that the ozone depletion/enhanced polar vortex effect also accounts for the recent increase in sea ice just offshore of the continent.


Premise: What are the natural theories of law that that the English judges in the eighteenth century used?

Hypothesis: Furthermore, English judges in the eighteenth century subscribed to now-obsolete natural law theories of law, by which law was believed to have an existence independent of what individual judges said.


Premise: What office did Western emperor Gratian decline?

Hypothesis: The Western emperor Gratian refused the office of pontifex maximus, and against the protests of the senate, removed the altar of Victory from the senate house and began the disestablishment of the Vestals.


Premise: Name a sub-group of the Charismatic Movement.

Hypothesis: Transdenominational movements are sometimes capable of affecting parts of the Roman Catholic Church, such as does it the Charismatic Movement, which aims to incorporate beliefs and practices similar to Pentecostals into the various branches of Christianity.


Premise: How did the capacitor traditionally used in radio tuning circuits change over time?

Hypothesis: Variable capacitors with their plates open to the atmosphere were commonly used in radio tuning circuits.


Premise: Instead of genetic traits for production, dogs are bred for what?

Hypothesis: Some of these genes have been associated with aggression in some dog breeds, indicating their importance in both the initial domestication and then later in breed formation.


Premise: What is implied by the global term of "Indian"?

Hypothesis: This led to the names "Indies" and "Indian", which implied some kind of racial or cultural unity among the aboriginal peoples of the Americas.


Premise: What was SAC an abbreviation of?

Hypothesis: Once in office, when the Chinese began a buildup in the Kaesong sanctuary, he threatened to use nuclear force if an armistice was not concluded.


Premise: What did Tito offer to the retreating column?

Hypothesis: At the time, Josip Broz Tito repeatedly issued calls for surrender to the retreating column, offering amnesty and attempting to avoid a disorderly surrender.


Premise: What is considered the public face of the palace?

Hypothesis: The large East Front, facing The Mall, is today the "public face" of Buckingham Palace, and contains the balcony from which the royal family acknowledge the crowds on momentous occasions and after the annual Trooping the Colour.


Premise: Along with rock and roll, what genre of music was sometimes featured on Easy Listening radio?

Hypothesis: In addition, several early disco songs, did well on the Adult Contemporary format.


Premise: What does Bermuda use the consumption tax for?

Hypothesis: Bermudas's consumption tax is equivalent to local income tax to local residents and funds government and infrastructure expenditures.


Premise: What time period did the colonialism of the Sahara begin?

Hypothesis: By the beginning of the 20th century, the trans-Saharan trade had clearly declined because goods were moved through more modern and efficient means, such as airplanes, rather than across the desert.


Premise: Why would cats and dogs potentially become companions in captivity?

Hypothesis: Pet cats and pet mice, for example, may live together in the same human residence without incident as companions.


Premise: Why did the Liberian economy decline after 1980?

Hypothesis: Following a peak in growth in 1979, the Liberian economy began a steady decline due to economic mismanagement following the 1980 coup.


Premise: The highest peak of the Western Alps is where?

Hypothesis: The highest peaks of the Western Alps and Eastern Alps, respectively, are Mont Blanc, at 4,810 m (15,780 ft) and Piz Bernina at 4,049 metres (13,284 ft).


Premise: When Malloy became president of Notre Dame what was the size of the endowment?

Hypothesis: In the 18 years under the presidency of Edward Malloy, C.S.C., (1987–2005), there was a rapid growth in the school's reputation, faculty, and resources.


Premise: Who observed that the policy became "the text, the whole text, and nothing but the text"?

Hypothesis: In regard to style, the Victorians' aim, achieved through far-reaching metaphrase (literality) or pseudo-metaphrase, was to constantly remind readers that they were reading a foreign classic.


Premise: When was Liverpool and Manchester removed from Lancashire boundaries?

Hypothesis: The county palatine boundaries remain the same[clarification needed] with the Duke of Lancaster exercising sovereignty rights, including the appointment of lords lieutenant in Greater Manchester and Merseyside.


Premise: What term characterizes the nature of changes to the charter after 1971?

Hypothesis: It was granted its Royal Charter in 1837 under King William IV.


Premise: Ganglia are connected into a what?

Hypothesis: The thoracic segments have one ganglion on each side, which are connected into a pair, one pair per segment.


Premise: The targetting focuses on what aspect that is beyond the ability of most people?

Hypothesis: It uses psychoacoustic models to discard or reduce precision of components less audible to human hearing, and then records the remaining information in an efficient manner.


Premise: What major group did not sign the peace agreement immediately?

Hypothesis: The only major group not to sign an agreement at the time was the CPJP, which continued its activities and signed a peace agreement with the government on 25 August 2012.


Premise: Have theere been any types of chickens who were really good at cockfighting?

Hypothesis: Two mature males (cocks or roosters) are set to fight each other, and will do so with great vigour until one is critically injured or killed.


Premise: What right was reversed by sijm?

Hypothesis: Initially, this privilege could be granted by monarch, but from the 1641 onward, this right was reserved for the sejm.


Premise: Along with North America, what continent was affected heavily by the 1970s energy crisis?

Hypothesis: However, it was brought back for periods of time in many different places during the following decades, and commonly during the Second World War.


Premise: What causes puberty?

Hypothesis: Puberty occurs through a long process and begins with a surge in hormone production, which in turn causes a number of physical changes.


Premise: How much money was spent to explore for uranium in 2006?

Hypothesis: This trend continued through 2006, when expenditure on exploration rocketed to over $774 million, an increase of over 250% compared to 2004.


Premise: What group of people debate when humans stated wearing clothes?

Hypothesis: Body lice is an indicator of clothes-wearing, since most humans have sparse body hair, and lice thus require human clothing to survive.


Premise: When were the gods below and the dead celebrated?

Hypothesis: Demigods and heroes, who belonged to the heavens and the underworld, were sometimes given black-and-white victims.


Premise: Nicholas Vincent was described as what?

Hypothesis: In contrast to Vincent, historian William Chester Jordan concludes that the pair were a "companionable couple" who had a successful marriage by the standards of the day.


Premise: What are two major rivers located inside of Mali?

Hypothesis: Some of Mali's prominent natural resources include gold, being the third largest producer of gold in the African continent, and salt.


Premise: What made Pacinotti's motor an important advancement?

Hypothesis: A major turning point in the development of DC machines took place in 1864, when Antonio Pacinotti described for the first time the ring armature with its symmetrically grouped coils closed upon themselves and connected to the bars of a commutator, the brushes of which delivered practically non-fluctuating current.


Premise: Which University moved from Detroit to Ann Arbor in 1837?

Hypothesis: Ann Arbor was founded in 1824, named for wives of the village's founders and the stands of Bur Oak trees.


Premise: Which newest member was removed from Destiny's Child?

Hypothesis: LeToya Luckett and Roberson became unhappy with Mathew's managing of the band and eventually were replaced by Farrah Franklin and Michelle Williams.


Premise: How long has Microsoft Windows supported WGL-4?

Hypothesis: Note that MES-2 includes every character in MES-1 and WGL-4.


Premise: What is the goal of the Carnival painters?

Hypothesis: This simply means that a mixture of water paint and water or raw eggs is used to paint people on the streets, the goal being to paint as many people as you can".


Premise: What do seniors crush to celebrate graduation?

Hypothesis: Yale's student tour guides tell visitors that students consider it good luck to rub the toe of the statue of Theodore Dwight Woolsey on Old Campus.


Premise: What year was the discovery of hydrogen gas?

Hypothesis: In 1766, Henry Cavendish was the first to recognize hydrogen gas as a discrete substance, by naming the gas from a metal-acid reaction "flammable air".


Premise: What was the title of the travel book written by Fanny Vandegrift Stevenson?

Hypothesis: An account of this voyage was written by Fanny Stevenson and published under the title


Premise: What is an example of what states retain authority over?

Hypothesis: Though international relations including international treaties are primarily the responsibility of the federal level, the constituent states have certain limited powers in this area: in matters that affect them directly, the states defend their interests at the federal level through the Bundesrat (literally Federal Council, the upper house of the German Federal Parliament) and in areas where they have legislative authority they have limited powers to conclude international treaties "with the consent of the federal government".


Premise: Where was Ivory exported according to the Periplus of the Erythraean Sea?

Hypothesis: The kingdom is mentioned in the Periplus of the Erythraean Sea as an important market place for ivory, which was exported throughout the ancient world.


Premise: Who owns and operates most of the CBC television stations?

Hypothesis: Only the third letter varies from market to market; however, that letter is typically the same as the third letter of the CBC Radio One and CBC Radio 2 stations in the same market.


Premise: Both Wutaishan Sports Center and Nanjing Olympic Sports Center contain a stadium, gymnasium, natatorium, and what other facility?

Hypothesis: There are two major sports centers in Nanjing, Wutaishan Sports Center and Nanjing Olympic Sports Center.


Premise: Who does Modern Orthodoxy assign a central role to?

Hypothesis: In general, Modern Orthodoxy holds that Jewish law is normative and binding, while simultaneously attaching a positive value to interaction with contemporary society.


Premise: At what gathering was the First Crusade preached?

Hypothesis: The First Crusade was proclaimed by Pope Urban II (pope 1088–99) at the Council of Clermont in 1095 in response to a request from the Byzantine Emperor Alexios I Komnenos (r. 1081–1118) for aid against further Muslim advances.


Premise: When did settlements appear in Madhya Pradesh?

Hypothesis: Early Neolithic culture in South Asia is represented by the Bhirrana findings (7500 BCE) in Haryana, India & Mehrgarh findings (7000–9000 BCE) in Balochistan, Pakistan.


Premise: What replaced the Browning 37nn because of jamming issues?

Hypothesis: The Browning 37mm proved prone to jamming, and was eventually replaced in AA units by the Bofors 40 mm.


Premise: During which centuries did ROme fall under the influence of Byzantine art?

Hypothesis: They were all destroyed later except for one example, the so-called Triclinio Leoniano of which a copy was made in the 18th century.


Premise: What park has floating gardens?

Hypothesis: Between 1853 and 1870, the Emperor Napoleon III and the city's first director of parks and gardens, Jean-Charles Alphand, created the Bois de Boulogne, the Bois de Vincennes, Parc Montsouris and the Parc des Buttes-Chaumont, located at the four points of the compass around the city, as well as many smaller parks, squares and gardens in the Paris' quarters.


Premise: What type of clothing did Paul VI enact reform on?

Hypothesis: The age limit of eighty years imposed by the Pope, a numerical increase of Cardinals by almost 100%, and a reform of the regal vestments of the "Princes of the Church" further contributed to a service-oriented perception of Cardinals under his pontificate.


Premise: How many passengers did San Diego Internatonal Airport serve in 2005?

Hypothesis: San Diego International Airport maintains scheduled flights to the rest of the United States including Hawaii, as well as to Mexico, Canada, Japan, and the United Kingdom.


Premise: What artist painted the Queen and Brown which hung in the Royal Academy?

Hypothesis: Slanderous rumours of a romantic connection and even a secret marriage appeared in print, and the Queen was referred to as "Mrs. Brown".


Premise: In which year was Detroit recaptured?

Hypothesis: Detroit was finally recaptured by the United States later that year.


Premise: What party also had the mayor as of 2015?

Hypothesis: The last election was held on 25 November 2012.


Premise: During what war did French officers setup headquarters in CAR?

Hypothesis: In 1946 Barthélémy Boganda was elected with 9,000 votes to the French National Assembly, becoming the first representative for CAR in the French government.


Premise: What year was the first open competition for brass bands held?

Hypothesis: The first open competition for brass bands was held at Manchester in 1853, and continued annually until the 1980s.


Premise: Where did Jacques Derrida teach from the late 1970's to mid 1980's?

Hypothesis: Jacques Derrida, the father of deconstruction, taught at the Department of Comparative Literature from the late seventies to mid-1980s.


Premise: What were the designations of the two redesigned 360 models and when did they come out?

Hypothesis: Although not the best-selling console of its generation, the Xbox 360 was deemed by TechRadar to be the most influential through its emphasis on digital media distribution and multiplayer gaming on Xbox Live.


Premise: What was Mexico home to prior to the arrival of the Spaniards?

Hypothesis: The Olmecs, who flourished from between 1200 BCE to about 400 BCE in the coastal regions of the Gulf of Mexico; the Zapotecs and the Mixtecs, who held sway in the mountains of Oaxaca and the Isthmus of Tehuantepec; the Maya in the Yucatan (and into neighbouring areas of contemporary Central America); the Purépecha in present-day Michoacán and surrounding areas, and the Aztecs/Mexica, who, from their central capital at Tenochtitlan, dominated much of the centre and south of the country (and the non-Aztec inhabitants of those areas) when Hernán Cortés first landed at Veracruz.


Premise: In 1966, who did Tony married?

Hypothesis: At this point, Madonna started to resent him for decades, and developed a rebellious attitude.


Premise: Who replaced president Makarios Ill?

Hypothesis: The coup ousted president Makarios III and replaced him with pro-enosis nationalist Nikos Sampson.


Premise: What is an important commercial port along with Ningbo, Wenzhou and Taizhou?

Hypothesis: The Hangzhou Bay Bridge between Haiyan County and Cixi, is the longest bridge over a continuous body of sea water in the world.


Premise: When was the first British Mont Blanc ascent?

Hypothesis: The first British Mont Blanc ascent was in 1788; the first female ascent in 1819.


Premise: Craft Freemasonry is also known as what?

Hypothesis: These are the degrees offered by Craft (or Blue Lodge) Freemasonry.


Premise: Who was the king of Belgium  in 1918?

Hypothesis: He accompanied the Belgian monarch King Albert on his triumphal reentry into Brussels on 22 November.


Premise: Where did English and Scotch Irish descent move to Florida from

Hypothesis: Americans of English descent and Americans of Scots-Irish descent began moving into northern Florida from the backwoods of Georgia and South Carolina.


Premise: How long before stochastic computing could be implemented?

Hypothesis: Von Neumann proved that the most effective way of performing large-scale mining operations such as mining an entire moon or asteroid belt would be by using self-replicating spacecraft, taking advantage of their exponential growth.


Premise: What year was it restituted to France?

Hypothesis: It is doubtful whether a referendum in Strasbourg would have ended in France's favour since the political parties striving for an autonomous Alsace or a connection to France accounted only for a small proportion of votes in the last Reichstag as well as in the local elections.


Premise: Who dismissed von Neuamann's primary target city?

Hypothesis: However, this target was dismissed by Secretary of War Henry L. Stimson.


Premise: What is the name of two schools of philosophy?

Hypothesis: Except from these three most significant Greek philosophers other known schools of Greek philosophy from other founders during ancient times were Stoicism, Epicureanism, Skepticism and Neoplatonism.


Premise: Who's attack resulted in victory at Hoengseong?

Hypothesis: United Nations forces had previously retreated in the face of large Communist forces instead of getting cut off, but this time they stood and fought at odds of roughly 15 to 1.


Premise: What did the Greeks call Neptune?

Hypothesis: Most languages today, even in countries that have no direct link to Greco-Roman culture, use some variant of the name "Neptune" for the planet.


Premise: What does Kokkos mean in english?

Hypothesis: Coccus, from the ancient Greek Kokkos, means a tiny grain and is the term that was used in ancient times for the Kermes vermilio insect used to make the Kermes dye.


Premise: How many people were married in Bern in 2000?

Hypothesis: There were 49,873 married individuals, 9,345 widows or widowers and 9,468 individuals who are divorced.


Premise: Besides Ziz, what other two major settlements belonged to the Phoenicians

Hypothesis: Some sources suggest they named the settlement "Ziz.


Premise: When was the Synod of Dort?

Hypothesis: They took on distinctive beliefs about clerical dress and in opposition to the episcopal system, particularly after the 1619 conclusions of the Synod of Dort they were resisted by the English bishops.


Premise: What river did the Russians cross to get to Dobruja?

Hypothesis: The English and French forces at this time were unable to take the field for lack of equipment.:415


Premise: When did the Kefauver-Harris Amendment became law?

Hypothesis: The thalidomide tragedy resurrected Kefauver's bill to enhance drug regulation that had stalled in Congress, and the Kefauver-Harris Amendment became law on 10 October 1962.


Premise: Which film did Beyoncé star in 2001 with Mekhi Phifer?

Hypothesis: The remaining band members recorded "Independent Women Part I", which appeared on the soundtrack to the 2000 film, Charlie's Angels.


Premise: What was coming to an end?

Hypothesis: However, by this time there was no longer any reasonable doubt that, as the preamble of the Accords put it, "the USSR, as a subject of international law and a geopolitical reality, is ceasing its existence."


Premise: When was the London Jewish Forum established?

Hypothesis: Bevis Marks Synagogue in the City of London is affiliated to London's historic Sephardic Jewish community.


Premise: What year was the last brown bear recorded to have been killed?

Hypothesis: In Switzerland the canton of Bern was named for the bears but the last bear is recorded as having been killed in 1792 above Kleine Scheidegg by three hunters from Grindelwald.


Premise: What did the Bush administration describe as heroic?

Hypothesis: Jackson cites among many examples a statement by John Ashcroft that "the attacks of September 11 drew a bright line of demarcation between the civil and the savage".


Premise: Who earned the fewest individual contributions as of the April 15th filing date?

Hypothesis: According to the Federal Election Commission statistics, LaRouche had more individual contributors to his 2004 presidential campaign than any other candidate, until the final quarter of the primary season, when John Kerry surpassed him.


Premise: What is Grove Street Cemetery famously known for?

Hypothesis: The Union League Club of New Haven building, located on Chapel Street, is notable for not only being a historic Beaux-Arts building, but also is built on the site where Roger Sherman's home once stood; George Washington is known to have stayed at the Sherman residence while President in 1789 (one of three times Washington visited New Haven throughout his lifetime).


Premise: Which two sections of the graduate exam did Feynman excel in?

Hypothesis: He attained a perfect score on the graduate school entrance exams to Princeton University in mathematics and physics—an unprecedented feat—but did rather poorly on the history and English portions.


Premise: How does one become a full citizen in Burma ?

Hypothesis: Citizenship is given to those who belong to one of the national races such as Kachin, Kayah (Karenni), Karen, Chin, Burman, Mon, Rakhine, Shan, Kaman, or Zerbadee.


Premise: How many deputies make up the Assembly of the Republic?

Hypothesis: The Assembly of the Republic is a single chamber parliament composed of 230 deputies elected for a four-year term.


Premise: Who stated that Church law can be seen in the growth of civil law institutions?

Hypothesis: The institutions and practices of canon law paralleled the legal development of much of Europe, and consequently both modern civil law and common law (legal system) bear the influences of canon law.


Premise: What is F.A. Hayek's profession?

Hypothesis: Hayek proposed that under the Rule of Law individuals would be able to make wise investments and future plans with some confidence in a successful return on investment when he stated: "under the Rule of Law the government is prevented from stultifying individual efforts by ad hoc action.


Premise: On what date in 2011 was the hold on Schwarzenegger's movie projects announced?

Hypothesis: On July 11, 2011, it was announced that Schwarzenegger was considering a comeback film despite his legal problems.


Premise: Which sub class are most viviparous mammals in?

Hypothesis: This is the plesyomorphic condition among viviparous mammals; the presence of epipubic bones in all non-placental mammals prevents the expansion of the torso needed for full pregnancy.


Premise: Who is the patron saint of Notre Dame?

Hypothesis: In French, Notre Dame du Lac means "Our Lady of the Lake" and refers to the university's patron saint, the Virgin Mary.


Premise: What can the Eastern Han dynasty also be called?

Hypothesis: Dōng Hàn) or the Later Han dynasty (simplified Chinese: 后汉; traditional Chinese: 後漢; pinyin: Hòu Hàn) (25–220 AD).


Premise: How did tyrannosaurs become infected?

Hypothesis: Signs of infection have been discovered in the bones of carnivorous dinosaurs.


Premise: What rebellion took place in Somerset in 1685

Hypothesis: In 1685 the Monmouth Rebellion was played out in Somerset and neighbouring Dorset.


Premise: When did recovery of these diverse animals begin?

Hypothesis: Animal life was then dominated by various archosaurian reptiles: dinosaurs, pterosaurs, and aquatic reptiles such as ichthyosaurs, plesiosaurs, and mosasaurs.


Premise: What did Nasser's political style render unnecessary?

Hypothesis: He opined that Nasser's legacy was a "guarantee of instability" due to Nasser's reliance on personal power and the absence of strong political institutions under his rule.


Premise: What neurons are damaged during stressful events?

Hypothesis: Glucocorticoids that are released during stress damage neurons that are located in the hippocampal region of the brain.


Premise: In which work did he refer to Constantius as a precursor of the Antichrist?

Hypothesis: Constantius's persistence in his opposition to Athanasius, combined with reports Athanasius received about the persecution of non-Arians by the new Arian bishop George of Laodicea, prompted Athanasius to write his more emotional History of the Arians, in which he described Constantius as a precursor of the Antichrist.


Premise: Who accepted Japan's surrender?

Hypothesis: The USAMGIK refused to recognize the provisional government of the short-lived People's Republic of Korea (PRK) because it suspected it was communist.


Premise: How did the public react to the categories of "bi-racial" and "multiracial"?

Hypothesis: By the 1980s, parents of mixed-race children (and adults of mixed-race ancestry) began to organize and lobby for the ability to show more than one ethnic category on Census and other legal forms.


Premise: How many people were gravely injured by the derailment?

Hypothesis: 43 people were killed and more than ten were seriously injured.


Premise: Which reviewer called the book melodramatic and contrived?

Hypothesis: When the book was first released, Southern writer Flannery O'Connor commented, "I think for a child's book it does all right.


Premise: Which season seven contestant had worked as a stripper before his time on American Idol?

Hypothesis: The media focused on the professional status of the season seven contestants, the so-called 'ringers', many of whom, including Kristy Lee Cook, Brooke White, Michael Johns, and in particular Carly Smithson, had prior recording contracts.


Premise: What battle was the advance in the Arakan halted to release troops for?

Hypothesis: Although the advance in the Arakan had been halted to release troops and aircraft for the Battle of Imphal, the Americans and Chinese had continued to advance in northern Burma, aided by the Chindits operating against the Japanese lines of communication.


Premise: What is Liberia's highest judicial authority?

Hypothesis: The judicial system is a blend of common law, based on Anglo-American law, and customary law.


Premise: Who coaches the University of Arizona men's basketball team?

Hypothesis: The men's basketball team, formerly coached by Hall of Fame head coach Lute Olson and currently coached by Sean Miller, has made 25 straight NCAA Tournaments and won the 1997 National Championship.


Premise: Who called Nasser an irrational and irresponsible leader?

Hypothesis: Historian Abd al-Azim Ramadan wrote that Nasser was an irrational and irresponsible leader, blaming his inclination to solitary decision-making for Egypt's losses during the Suez War, among other events.


Premise: In what year were trolleys finally replaced completely by buses?

Hypothesis: The New Haven Division buses follow routes that had originally been covered by trolley service.


Premise: What is the largest African collection in the world that is part of the Northwesern library system?

Hypothesis: Notable collections in the library system include the Melville J. Herskovits Library of African Studies, the largest Africana collection in the world, an extensive collection of early edition printed music and manuscripts as well as late-modern works, and an art collection noted for its 19th and 20th-century Western art and architecture periodicals.


Premise: The gyromagnetic ratio is the constant proportion between the magentic field and what?

Hypothesis: The protons are said to be "shielded" from the applied magnetic field by the electrons in the water molecule, the same effect that gives rise to chemical shift in NMR spectroscopy, and this is indicated by a prime on the symbol for the gyromagnetic ratio, γ′p.


Premise: What type of tribe celebrated daylight returning?

Hypothesis: Several Germanic tribes celebrated the returning of the daylight.


Premise: What nationality will the new international school in Brasilia be?

Hypothesis: August 2016 will see the opening of a new international school - The British School of Brasilia.


Premise: Who did Güshi Khan organize a welcome ceremony for?

Hypothesis: Van Praag writes that at this point Güshi Khan maintained control over the armed forces, but accepted his inferior status towards the Dalai Lama.


Premise: The 1998 Good Friday Agreement resulted in what arrangement?

Hypothesis: The Northern Ireland Executive and the Government of Ireland also meet as the North/South Ministerial Council to develop policies common across the island of Ireland.


Premise: When did MSDN and TechNet users gain access to Windows 8.1?

Hypothesis: Volume license customers and subscribers to MSDN Plus and TechNet Plus were initially unable to obtain the RTM version upon its release; a spokesperson said the policy was changed to allow Microsoft to work with OEMs "to ensure a quality experience at general availability."


Premise: Which US armed force uses red as the main color of its flag?

Hypothesis: Red is prominently featured in the flag of the United States Marine Corps.


Premise: How many Native American languages are used in Oklahoma?

Hypothesis: In addition to Cherokee, more than 25 Native American languages are spoken in Oklahoma, second only to California (though, it should be noted that only Cherokee exhibits language vitality at present).


Premise: In what century was manufacturing more important to Boston than trade?

Hypothesis: Until the early 20th century, Boston remained one of the nation's largest manufacturing centers and was notable for its garment production and leather-goods industries.


Premise: In what year was Louis-Phillipe over thrown?

Hypothesis: His successor, Napoleon III, and the newly appointed prefect of the Seine, Georges-Eugène Haussmann, launched a gigantic public works project to build wide new boulevards, a new opera house, a central market, new aqueducts, sewers, and parks, including the Bois de Boulogne and Bois de Vincennes.


Premise: Indigenous people in what zones use fur for warmth and protection?

Hypothesis: It is currently associated in developed countries with expensive, designer clothing, although fur is still used by indigenous people in arctic zones and higher elevations for its warmth and protection.


Premise: How many people that are of Greek ascendancy live elsewhere than Greece ?

Hypothesis: Where Census figures are available, they show around 3 million Greeks outside Greece and Cyprus.


Premise: When was the People's Republic of China created?

Hypothesis: The North Korean contributions to the Chinese Communist victory were not forgotten after the creation of the People's Republic of China in 1949.


Premise: What are racial and colonial definitions of the Middle East considered?

Hypothesis: For much, but by no means all, of the Middle East, the predominance of Islam lends some unity, as does the transient accident of geographical continuity.


Premise: Who became president in 2013?

Hypothesis: Michel Djotodia took over as president and in May 2013 Central African Republic's Prime Minister Nicolas Tiangaye requested a UN peacekeeping force from the UN Security Council and on 31 May former President Bozizé was indicted for crimes against humanity and incitement of genocide.


Premise: Which famous landmark did Beyonce see in China?

Hypothesis: Beyoncé's musical break lasted nine months and saw her visit multiple European cities, the Great Wall of China, the Egyptian pyramids, Australia, English music festivals and various museums and ballet performances.


Premise: Public figure's impressions of the novel were formed into a book called what?

Hypothesis: Many writers compare their perceptions of To Kill a Mockingbird as adults with when they first read it as children.


Premise: What is the Korean pronunciation of water?

Hypothesis: When learning how to write hanja, students are taught to memorize the native Korean pronunciation for the hanja's meaning and the Sino-Korean pronunciations (the pronunciation based on the Chinese pronunciation of the characters) for each hanja respectively so that students know what the syllable and meaning is for a particular hanja.


Premise: How much money did Lipitor make before the patent expired?

Hypothesis: The top ten best-selling drugs of 2013 totaled $75.6 billion in sales, with the anti-inflammatory drug Humira being the best-selling drug worldwide at $10.7 billion in sales.


Premise: In what county is Plymouth located?

Hypothesis: Plymouth (i/ˈplɪməθ/) is a city on the south coast of Devon, England, about 37 miles (60 km)


Premise: What are the kings of the Konbaung monarchy famed for in their rule?

Hypothesis: Konbaung kings extended Restored Toungoo's administrative reforms, and achieved unprecedented levels of internal control and external expansion.


Premise: How many civil parishes are the Portuguese municipalities divided into?

Hypothesis: Administratively, Portugal is divided into 308 municipalities (Portuguese: municípios or concelhos), which after a reform in 2013 are subdivided into 3,092 civil parishes (Portuguese: freguesia).


Premise: What did the Tuvalu government assess after Cyclone Pam?

Hypothesis: Government and Non-Government Organisations provided assistance technical, funding and material support to Tuvalu to assist with recovery, including WHO, UNICEF, UNDP, OCHA, World Bank, DFAT, New Zealand Red Cross & IFRC, Fiji National University and governments of New Zealand, Netherlands, UAE, Taiwan and the United States.


Premise: Approximately how many Cherokees died along their "Trail of Tears?"

Hypothesis: During this relocation an estimated 4,000 Cherokees died along the way west.


Premise: Modern Baptist churches trace their history to the English Separatist movement in the century after the rise of what?

Hypothesis: This view of Baptist origins has the most historical support and is the most widely accepted.


Premise: What are some gene products?

Hypothesis: The concept of a gene continues to be refined as new phenomena are discovered.


Premise: Where do most of the Asian immigrants come from?

Hypothesis: Historically since the era of New Spain, many Filipinos settled in the city and have become integrated in Mexican society.


Premise: How much did the Deluxe NES sell for?

Hypothesis: Instead, it contained a book called the Official Nintendo Player's Guide, which contained detailed information for every NES game made up to that point.


Premise: When does incubation begin?

Hypothesis: Incubation can be an energetically demanding process; adult albatrosses, for instance, lose as much as 83 grams (2.9 oz) of body weight per day of incubation.


Premise: When did the term Nasara become used more in modern times?

Hypothesis: The term Nasara rose to prominence in July 2014, after the Fall of Mosul to the terrorist organization Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant.


Premise: What was evolving over Roman paganism?

Hypothesis: With the decline of Herodians, Judea, transformed into a Roman province, became the site of a violent struggle of Jews against Greco-Romans, culminating in the Jewish-Roman Wars, ending in wide-scale destruction, expulsions, and genocide.


Premise: When did the UN ask Tuvalu to come up with a plan to improve drinking water?

Hypothesis: In July 2012 a United Nations Special Rapporteur called on the Tuvalu Government to develop a national water strategy to improve access to safe drinking water and sanitation.


Premise: How many phases made up the reconstruction plan for the Somali Post?

Hypothesis: The government's overall reconstruction plan for Somali Post is structured into three Phases spread out over a period of ten years.


Premise: Why did the city turn down the chance to host the 2024 Olympic games?

Hypothesis: This love of sports has made Boston the United States Olympic Committee's choice to bid to hold the 2024 Summer Olympic Games, but the city cited financial concerns when it withdrew its bid on July 27, 2015.


Premise: Why did Greg Dyke of London Weekend Television meet with representatives of the biggest five English football clubs in 1990?

Hypothesis: The meeting was to pave the way for a break away from The Football League.


Premise: How many women were in the Portuguese armed forces in 2008?

Hypothesis: As of 2008, the three branches numbered 39,200 active personnel including 7,500 women.


Premise: What conflict was supposed to have provided Iraqi forces with battle experience?

Hypothesis: Before the war, many observers believed the US and its allies could win but might suffer substantial casualties (certainly more than any conflict since Vietnam), and that the tank battles across the harsh desert might rival those of North Africa during World War II.


Premise: What was the name of the first urban landscaped park in the United States?

Hypothesis: Public-minded members of the contemporaneous business elite lobbied for the establishment of Central Park, which in 1857 became the first landscaped park in an American city.


Premise: Who commissioned the Monreale mosaics between 1176 and 1186?

Hypothesis: This huge work was executed between 1176 and 1186 by the order of King William II of Sicily.


Premise: What is the world's largest wildlife refuge?

Hypothesis: According to an October 1998 report by the United States Bureau of Land Management, approximately 65% of Alaska is owned and managed by the U.S. federal government as public lands, including a multitude of national forests, national parks, and national wildlife refuges.


Premise: The imaginary audience and personal fable peak at what age?

Hypothesis: Being able to introspect may lead to two forms of adolescent egocentrism, which results in two distinct problems in thinking: the imaginary audience and the personal fable.


Premise: What magazine said Beyoncé was the "World's Most Beautiful Woman"?

Hypothesis: In January 2013, GQ placed her on its cover, featuring her atop its "100 Sexiest Women of the 21st Century" list.


Premise: Which province is Zhejiang bordered by to the west?

Hypothesis: Zhejiang (help·info), formerly romanized as Chekiang, is an eastern coastal province of China.


Premise: Under which king did the Royal Family regain the freehold title of the property?

Hypothesis: He did not, however, obtain the freehold interest in the mulberry garden.


Premise: What are seracs?

Hypothesis: Intersecting crevasses can create isolated peaks in the ice, called seracs.


Premise: What Psalm gives the words of Jesus on the cross?

Hypothesis: Raymond Brown likewise comments that he finds 'no persuasive argument against attributing to the Jesus of Mark/Matt the literal sentiment of feeling forsaken expressed in the Psalm quote'.


Premise: What does WMD stand for?

Hypothesis: Both the possession of these weapons of mass destruction (WMD), and the failure to account for them, would violate the U.N. sanctions.


Premise: What does extra twisting of lisle thread produce?

Hypothesis: The yarn is spun so that it is compact and solid.


Premise: What United States vice president did Donald Moffat play?

Hypothesis: The Right Stuff, and fictional President Bennett in Clear and Present Danger, was born in Plymouth.


Premise: What was Publius's critical mistake in his sea campaign?

Hypothesis: In defiance of the omen, he threw them into the sea, "saying that they might drink, since they would not eat.


Premise: What is the name of a location in Spectre which draws its inspiration from an Ian Fleming short story?

Hypothesis: Further references to Fleming's material can be found throughout the film; an MI6 safehouse is called "Hildebrand Rarities and Antiques", a reference to the short story "The Hildebrand Rarity" from the For Your Eyes Only short story collection.[citation needed]


Premise: Money transfers and wireless internet are two things that customers can now accomplish via what?

Hypothesis: Customers can conduct money transfers (such as through the popular Dahabshiil) and other banking activities via mobile phones, as well as easily gain wireless Internet access.


Premise: Who has claimed that Christians and Jews had heard and discussed the Quran before it took on its standardized Arabic form?

Hypothesis: Jesus is mentioned more often in the Quran than Muhammad, while Mary is mentioned in the Quran more than the New Testament.


Premise: What war is considered to be the last Roman pacification in Northern Africa?

Hypothesis: The Jugurthine War of 111–104 BC was fought between Rome and Jugurtha of the North African kingdom of Numidia.


Premise: Who established the Royal School of Mines?

Hypothesis: The Royal School of Mines was established by Sir Henry de la Beche in 1851, developing from the Museum of Economic Geology, a collection of minerals, maps and mining equipment.


Premise: What is the Italian term for the prime minister?

Hypothesis: Other common forms include president of the council of ministers (for example in Italy, Presidente del Consiglio dei Ministri), President of the Executive Council, or Minister-President.


Premise: What form does Temperley feel that Chopin's ballades and scherzos are based on?

Hypothesis: Temperley opines that these works, which contain "immense variety of mood, thematic material and structural detail", are based on an extended "departure and return" form; "the more the middle section is extended, and the further it departs in key, mood and theme, from the opening idea, the more important and dramatic is the reprise when it at last comes."


Premise: How many aftershocks were there within 72 hours?

Hypothesis: According to Chinese official counts, "by 12:00 CST, November 6, 2008 there had been 42,719 total aftershocks, of which 246 ranged from 4.0 MS to 4.9 MS, 34 from 5.0 MS to 5.9 MS, and 8 from 6.0 Ms to 6.4 MS; the strongest aftershock measured 6.4 MS.


Premise: When did Austria and Prussia go to war?

Hypothesis: The Prussians however wanted to unify Germany as Little Germany primarily by the Kingdom of Prussia, whilst excluding Austria.