Premise: What highway circles the outer areas of Houston?

Hypothesis: The city's outlying areas, suburbs and enclaves are located outside of the loop.


Premise: Who was in conflict with the prince bishopric

Hypothesis: The prince-bishopric was involved in almost continuous conflicts with the Counts of Holland and the Dukes of Guelders.


Premise: The sex-determination system is found in which insects?

Hypothesis: In haplodiploidy, which is a type of sex-determination system, the offspring's sex is determined by the number of sets of chromosomes an individual receives.


Premise: What type of painting are Bermuda artists known for?

Hypothesis: Bermuda watercolours painted by local artists are sold at various galleries.


Premise: What is the main action AC and DC systems have to deal with?

Hypothesis: Thus both systems are faced with the same task: converting and transporting high-voltage AC from the power grid to low-voltage DC in the locomotive.


Premise: What brought attention to solar technologies in the 1970s?

Hypothesis: The 1973 oil embargo and 1979 energy crisis caused a reorganization of energy policies around the world and brought renewed attention to developing solar technologies.


Premise: How old was John XXIII upon his death?

Hypothesis: John XXIII died of peritonitis caused by a perforated stomach at 19:49 local time on 3 June 1963 at the age of 81, ending a historic pontificate of four years and seven months.


Premise: The Dartford Nuns are similar to what group?

Hypothesis: Though they are not called mystics, they are known for their piety toward God and their determination to live lives devoted to, and in emulation of, Him.


Premise: How is the cost to create a DBMS distributed?

Hypothesis: However, the fact that their development cost can be spread over a large number of users means that they are often the most cost-effective approach.


Premise: What did Spanish and Portugese ships use the islands for?

Hypothesis: Both Spanish and Portuguese ships used the islands as a replenishment spot to take on fresh meat and water.


Premise: Who led the Estado Novo?

Hypothesis: This in turn led to the establishment of the right-wing dictatorship of the Estado Novo under António de Oliveira Salazar in 1933.


Premise: How many contestants from this season reached platinum album status?

Hypothesis: Both Allen and Lambert released the coronation song, "No Boundaries" which was co-written by DioGuardi.


Premise: How much of a toll was charged on the first road to connect Atlantic City to the mainland?

Hypothesis: The first road connecting the city to the mainland at Pleasantville was completed in 1870 and charged a 30-cent toll.


Premise: What is the second thing that caused many of the birds of Norfolk Island to become extinct?

Hypothesis: As a relatively small and isolated oceanic island, Norfolk has few land birds but a high degree of endemicity among them.


Premise: What were the titles given to the gate keeps of the E-Abzu temple of Enki?

Hypothesis: Another important Sumerian hieros gamos was that between Ki, here known as Ninhursag or "Lady Sacred Mountain", and Enki of Eridu, the god of fresh water which brought forth greenery and pasture.


Premise: According to some when is is possible for a Sanctified Mary to have emerged ?

Hypothesis: Other theologians defended the expression "Immaculate Conception", pointing out that sanctification could be conferred at the first moment of conception in view of the foreseen merits of Christ, a view held especially by Franciscans.


Premise: Which critic called Queen's debut superb?

Hypothesis: The album was received well by critics; Gordon Fletcher of Rolling Stone said "their debut album is superb", and Chicago's Daily Herald called it an "above average debut".


Premise: What groups combine matrices with matrix multiplication?

Hypothesis: Its subgroups are referred to as matrix groups or linear groups.


Premise: In what year did Ibn al-Zubayr die?

Hypothesis: Ibn al-Zubayr was killed in the attack.


Premise: How long is the track connecting Brazzaville and Pointe-Noire?

Hypothesis: The Republic of the Congo's sparse population is concentrated in the southwestern portion of the country, leaving the vast areas of tropical jungle in the north virtually uninhabited.


Premise: How many miles was the Olympic torch relayed?

Hypothesis: ) – the longest distance of any Olympic torch relay since the tradition was started ahead of the 1936 Summer Olympics.


Premise: What part of a dog can be straight, curled, or cork-screwed?

Hypothesis: There are many different shapes for dog tails: straight, straight up, sickle, curled, or cork-screw.


Premise: From what old Germanic word is Alenquer originate?

Hypothesis: The early history of Portugal is shared with the rest of the Iberian Peninsula located in South Western Europe.


Premise: What precipitated the development of the Hasidic movement?

Hypothesis: After two centuries of comparative tolerance in the new nations, massive westward emigration occurred in the 19th and 20th centuries in response to pogroms in the east and the economic opportunities offered in other parts of the world.


Premise: What does 'Praça dos Três Poderes' mean?

Hypothesis: Praça dos Três Poderes (Portuguese for Square of the Three Powers) is a plaza in Brasília.


Premise: Today, Mexico accounts for what percentage of Mennonites in Latin America?

Hypothesis: During the Mexican Revolution, Álvaro Obregón invited a group of Canadian German-speaking Mennonites to resettle in Mexico.


Premise: Name some automobile manufacturers in the city of Ann Arbor

Hypothesis: The University of Michigan shapes Ann Arbor's economy significantly.


Premise: the term 'house music' came from the labeling of records at what store?

Hypothesis: However, Chip E. himself lends credence to the Knuckles association, claiming the name came from methods of labeling records at the Importes Etc.


Premise: How many species were delisted due to discoveries of new populations?

Hypothesis: Twenty-five others have been down listed from "endangered" to "threatened" status.


Premise: When did the mandolin's popularity begin to fall?

Hypothesis: After the Napoleonic Wars of 1815, however, its popularity began to fall.


Premise: In what year did the GHMC form?

Hypothesis: The GHMC carries out the city's infrastructural work such as building and maintenance of roads and drains, town planning including construction regulation, maintenance of municipal markets and parks, solid waste management, the issuing of birth and death certificates, the issuing of trade licences, collection of property tax, and community welfare services such as mother and child healthcare, and pre-school and non-formal education.


Premise: What has been maintained by the Greeks throughout their extended history ?

Hypothesis: Paideia was one of the highest societal values in the Greek and Hellenistic world while the first European institution described as a university was founded in 5th century Constantinople and operated in various incarnations until the city's fall to the Ottomans in 1453.


Premise: What Time magazine founder attended Yale?

Hypothesis: Yale has produced alumni distinguished in their respective fields.


Premise: Rising seas and displaced waters caused what  element along the coasts?

Hypothesis: The formation of new crust beneath the surface displaced ocean waters by as much as 200 m (656 ft) more than today, which flooded coastal areas.


Premise: Name one of the genres from any of the Digimon video games?

Hypothesis: The games consists of a number of genres including life simulation, adventure, video card game, strategy and racing games, though they are mainly action role-playing games.


Premise: On what date did ITV Westcountry cease to operate?

Hypothesis: A team of journalists are headquartered at Plymouth for the ITV West Country regional station, after a merger with ITV West forced ITV Westcountry to close on 16 February 2009.


Premise: What part of the Swaziland parliament is appointed by the King?

Hypothesis: The king is allowed by the constitution to appoint some members to parliament for special interests.


Premise: What is a benefit of fused quartz?

Hypothesis: The resulting glass contains about 70 to 74% silica by weight and is called a soda-lime glass.


Premise: When did season 12 premiere?

Hypothesis: Season 12 premiered on January 16, 2013.


Premise: Where did Chopin stay while in London?

Hypothesis: At his first engagement, on 15 May at Stafford House, the audience included Queen Victoria and Prince Albert.


Premise: When did the Dreyfus affair occur?

Hypothesis: After the Vichy years and the Holocaust, the French Jewish population was augmented once again, first by Ashkenazi refugees from Central Europe, and later by Sephardi immigrants and refugees from North Africa, many of them francophone.


Premise: How much time does the average person spend watching youtube videos each day?

Hypothesis: In January 2012, it was estimated that visitors to YouTube spent an average of 15 minutes a day on the site, in contrast to the four or five hours a day spent by a typical U.S. citizen watching television.


Premise: What does the standard ReplayGain allow a player to automatically adjust?

Hypothesis: ReplayGain is a standard for measuring and storing the loudness of an MP3 file (audio normalization) in its metadata tag, enabling a ReplayGain-compliant player to automatically adjust the overall playback volume for each file.


Premise: Which US President prevented Turkey from invading Cyprus?

Hypothesis: But Turkey was stopped by a strongly worded telegram from the US President Lyndon B. Johnson on 5 June, warning that the US would not stand beside Turkey in case of a consequential Soviet invasion of Turkish territory.


Premise: To whom did Frédéric write letters to during his stay in Szafarnia?

Hypothesis: Here for the first time he encountered Polish rural folk music.


Premise: In what body of water do the rivers Tamar and Plym converge?

Hypothesis: Plymouth (i/ˈplɪməθ/) is a city on the south coast of Devon, England, about 37 miles (60 km)


Premise: Who did John attempt to convince?

Hypothesis: He attempted to convince Pope Innocent III to intervene in the conflict, but Innocent's efforts were unsuccessful.


Premise: In March 2014 what number of people were sentenced to death in a single hearing?

Hypothesis: By May 2014, approximately 16,000 people (and as high as more than 40,000 by one independent count), mostly Brotherhood members or supporters, have been imprisoned after the coup  after the Muslim Brotherhood was labelled as terrorist organisation by the post-coup interim Egyptian government.


Premise: Morningside Park interrupts which street?

Hypothesis: 120th Street traverses the neighborhoods of Morningside Heights, Harlem, and Spanish Harlem.


Premise: What phase of empiricism ended in the 1940s?

Hypothesis: The phenomenalist phase of post-Humean empiricism ended by the 1940s, for by that time it had become obvious that statements about physical things could not be translated into statements about actual and possible sense data.


Premise: Which season had the biggest voting controversy?

Hypothesis: Concerns about power voting have been expressed from the very first season.


Premise: What is the number of schools that collapsed in Dujiangyan?

Hypothesis: One rescue team reported only 2,300 survivors from the town of Yingxiu in Wenchuan County, out of a total population of about 9,000.


Premise: Where does P. Christiaan Klieger work?

Hypothesis: He adds that "Although agreements were made between Tibetan leaders and Mongol khans, Ming and Qing emperors, it was the Republic of China and its Communist successors that assumed the former imperial tributaries and subject states as integral parts of the Chinese nation-state."


Premise: What is one example of an NPO in the United States?

Hypothesis: An example of nonprofit organization in the US is Project Vote Smart.


Premise: What did Namibia transition to after white minority apartheid rule?

Hypothesis: The transition from the 15-year rule of President Sam Nujoma to his successor Hifikepunye Pohamba in 2005 went smoothly.


Premise: Is the University of Melbourne a public or private institution?

Hypothesis: Furthermore, Melbourne was ranked the world's fourth top university city in 2008 after London, Boston and Tokyo in a poll commissioned by the Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology.


Premise: When were the new generators installed to correct the power problems?

Hypothesis: On 14 March 2008, new generators were installed and uninterrupted power was restored.


Premise: Secretary Clinton also calls the implementation of official diplomacy of the United States what?

Hypothesis: Under the Secretary of State, it implements the official diplomacy of the United States, called also statecraft by Secretary Clinton.


Premise: How many people lived at Castel Gofolfo during the war?

Hypothesis: At the request of Pius XII, Montini was also involved in the re-establishment of Church Asylum, providing protection to hundreds of Allied soldiers, who had escaped from Axis prison camps, Jews, anti-Fascists, Socialists, Communists, and after the liberation of Rome, German soldiers, partisans and other displaced persons.


Premise: Is amnesia only seen in one form?

Hypothesis: Hyperthymesia, or hyperthymesic syndrome, is a disorder that affects an individual's autobiographical memory, essentially meaning that they cannot forget small details that otherwise would not be stored.


Premise: What are some of the minor sports in the United Kingdom?

Hypothesis: Many globally popular sports had modern rules codified in the British Isles, including golf, association football, cricket, rugby, snooker and darts, as well as many minor sports such as croquet, bowls, pitch and putt, water polo and handball.


Premise: What did John Knox do when he returned to Scotland after studying under Calvin?

Hypothesis: John Knox (1505–1572), a Scot who had spent time studying under Calvin in Geneva, returned to Scotland and urged his countrymen to reform the Church in line with Calvinist doctrines.


Premise: What is the name of the Libyan leader opposed by US and UN forces?

Hypothesis: As a result of the Libyan Civil War, the United Nations enacted United Nations Security Council Resolution 1973, which imposed a no-fly zone over Libya, and the protection of civilians from the forces of Muammar Gaddafi.


Premise: Because the schedule in Israel was always changing, what did Microsoft do with the release of Windows 98?

Hypothesis: The 2005 Israeli Daylight Saving Law established predictable rules using the Jewish calendar but Windows zone files could not represent the rules' dates in a year-independent way.


Premise: What Greek song won the Eurovision Song Contest in 2005?

Hypothesis: Greece participated in the Eurovision Song Contest 35 times after its debut at the 1974 Contest.


Premise: How many fans saw Queen at Slane castle?

Hypothesis: Queen could not book Wembley for a third night, but they did play at Knebworth Park.


Premise: What are two types of fuses used for shells?

Hypothesis: The ammunition and shells fired by these weapons are usually fitted with different types of fuses (barometric, time-delay, or proximity) to explode close to the airborne target, releasing a shower of fast metal fragments.


Premise: What are the most common nonliving compositions in bacteria?

Hypothesis: The most common inclusions are glycogen, lipid droplets, crystals, and pigments.


Premise: Which industries did European settlers in Alaska begin?

Hypothesis: European immigrants from Norway and Sweden also settled in southeast Alaska, where they entered the fishing and logging industries.


Premise: How does the online Windows installer know which version to install?

Hypothesis: Microsoft started moving away from this architecture after Windows 95.)


Premise: Where did Kurit head after passing through the San Bernardino Strait?

Hypothesis: The Japanese retreated through the San Bernardino Strait, under continuous air attack.


Premise: Who is a wrestler who never turned?

Hypothesis: Sometimes a character's heel turn will become so popular that eventually the audience response will alter the character's heel-face cycle to the point where the heel persona will, in practice, become a face persona, and what was previously the face persona, will turn into the heel persona, such as when Dwayne Johnson first began using "The Rock" persona as a heel character, as opposed to his original "Rocky Maivia" babyface persona.


Premise: What percent of the population identified as Christians in 2004?

Hypothesis: The reports didn't give figures for other types of religion; 74.36% of the population may be either irreligious or involved in worship of nature deities, Buddhism, Confucianism, Taoism, folk religious sects, and small minorities of Muslims.


Premise: How many more residents would Southampton have if the population grew by 2%, as the council expected?

Hypothesis: In 2005 the Government Statistics stated that Southampton was the third most densely populated city in the country after London and Portsmouth respectively.


Premise: Who thought that Burke's imitation was too perfect to be effective ridicule?

Hypothesis: Richard Hurd believed that Burke's imitation was near-perfect and that this defeated his purpose: an ironist "should take care by a constant exaggeration to make the ridicule shine through the Imitation.


Premise: What are the citizens of Tajikistan called?

Hypothesis: The Pamiris of Badakhshan, a small population of Yaghnobi people, and a sizeable minority of Ismailis are all considered to belong to the larger group of Tajiks.


Premise: How many homes had been rebuilt?

Hypothesis: He stated that 200,000 homes had been rebuilt, and 685,000 were under reconstruction, but 1.94 million households were still without permanent shelter.


Premise: What country had the most conflicts from 1500s through mid 20th century?

Hypothesis: Referring to great power relations pre-1960, Joshua Baron highlights that starting from around the 16th century and the rise of several European great powers, military conflicts and confrontations was the defining characteristic of diplomacy and relations between such powers.


Premise: What did many historians think of Noah Porter?

Hypothesis: Levesque argues Porter was not a simple-minded reactionary, uncritically committed to tradition, but a principled and selective conservative.


Premise: Which Nontrinitarian theologian says that God cannot approach eveil spirits to redeem them?

Hypothesis: Nontrinitarians, such as Unitarians, Christadelphians and Jehovah's Witnesses also acknowledge Mary as the biological mother of Jesus Christ, but do not recognise Marian titles such as "Mother of God" as these groups generally reject Christ's divinity.


Premise: What is one characteristic that varies widely between organisms?

Hypothesis: The genome size, and the number of genes it encodes varies widely between organisms.


Premise: What Buddhism says that salvation is unattainable?

Hypothesis: The Japanese Pure Land teacher Genshin taught that Amitābha has the power to destroy the karma that would otherwise bind one in saṃsāra.


Premise: What system are Little Island, Mallow, Midleton, Fota and Cobh stations of?

Hypothesis: The Cork Suburban Rail system also departs from Kent Station and provides connections to parts of Metropolitan Cork.


Premise: How many people did the Treaty of Versailles add to the British Empire?

Hypothesis: Under the terms of the concluding Treaty of Versailles signed in 1919, the empire reached its greatest extent with the addition of 1,800,000 square miles (4,700,000 km2) and 13 million new subjects.


Premise: According to Nintendo what was the danger in renting games?

Hypothesis: Nintendo received no profit from the practice beyond the initial cost of their game, and unlike movie rentals, a newly released game could hit store shelves and be available for rent on the same day.


Premise: Does PlayStation Network use artificial or real currency for purchases?

Hypothesis: PlayStation Network uses real currency and PlayStation Network Cards as seen with the PlayStation Store and PlayStation Home.


Premise: How many international universities operate in London?

Hypothesis: In addition there are three international universities in London – Regent's University London, Richmond, The American International University in London and Schiller International University.


Premise: What is it called when someone wants to dissociate from the characteristics of significant others?

Hypothesis: These others may be benign - such that one aspires to their characteristics, values and beliefs (a process of idealistic-identification), or malign - when one wishes to dissociate from their characteristics (a process of defensive contra-identification)


Premise: What do some say is Buddha's real name?

Hypothesis: In writing her biography of the Buddha, Karen Armstrong noted, "It is obviously difficult, therefore, to write a biography of the Buddha that meets modern criteria, because we have very little information that can be considered historically sound...


Premise: How many of Kanye West's albums were recognized by Rolling Stone Magazine?

Hypothesis: West is one of the best-selling artists of all time, having sold more than 32 million albums and 100 million digital downloads worldwide.


Premise: What types of stakeholders consulted on the bill to enact the National Communications Act?

Hypothesis: On March 22, 2012, the Somali Cabinet unanimously approved the National Communications Act, which paves the way for the establishment of a National Communications regulator in the broadcasting and telecommunications sectors.


Premise: Because of the lack of pay, what was the type of honor in being a priest?

Hypothesis: Priesthood was a costly honour: in traditional Roman practice, a priest drew no stipend.


Premise: What cause less problems in digital terrestrial television?

Hypothesis: Vertically polarized analog television has nevertheless been used in some rural areas.


Premise: Boston is split between how many congressional districts?

Hypothesis: Federally, Boston is split between two congressional districts.


Premise: Modern Greek theater was influenced by what?

Hypothesis: The Nobile Teatro di San Giacomo di Corfù was the first theatre and opera house of modern Greece and the place where the first Greek opera, Spyridon Xyndas' The Parliamentary Candidate (based on an exclusively Greek libretto) was performed.


Premise: What can extant architectural works be used to identify?

Hypothesis: Architectural works, in the material form of buildings, are often perceived as cultural symbols and as works of art.


Premise: How many pieces did Chopin compose in 1842?

Hypothesis: In 1844 he wrote only the Op.


Premise: The Chihuahuan Desert also extends into which neighboring Mexican state?

Hypothesis: The Chihuahuan Desert is an international biome that also extends into the neighboring Mexican state of Coahuila and into the U.S. states of Texas and New Mexico.


Premise: How are Africans classified in the Arabian Peninsula?

Hypothesis: Distinctive and self-identified black communities have been reported in countries such as Iraq, with a reported 1.2 million black people, and they attest to a history of discrimination.


Premise: How many people from the pre-election meeting in Lviv were detained?

Hypothesis: On March 26, elections were held to the union Congress of People's Deputies; by-elections were held on April 9, May 14, and May 21.


Premise: How did early Christians view traditional Roman cultism?

Hypothesis: From that point on, Roman official policy towards Christianity tended towards persecution.


Premise: What is Panentheism?

Hypothesis: Pantheism holds that God is the universe and the universe is God, whereas Panentheism holds that God contains, but is not identical to, the Universe.


Premise: According to a poll, what percentage of New Jersey voters favored the takeover of Atlantic City by the state?

Hypothesis: The February 16, 2011 survey showed that 43% opposed the measure while 29% favored direct state oversight.


Premise: How did the leader of Kiev gain political control?

Hypothesis: This union developed the first major cities in the Rus' and was the first notable form of self-government.


Premise: What currently used word was based in ideas from this philosopher?

Hypothesis: Comte had proposed an atheistic culte founded on human principles – a secular Religion of Humanity (which worshiped the dead, since most humans who have ever lived are dead), complete with holidays and liturgy, modeled on the rituals of what was seen as a discredited and dilapidated Catholicism.


Premise: What did the Province of West Jersey specify there would not be for those running for an office, in 1681?

Hypothesis: The Province of West Jersey had declared, in 1681, that there should be no religious test for office.


Premise: What is something that may cause the reception and decoding of the content of a message to be faulty?

Hypothesis: In the presence of "communication noise" on the transmission channel (air, in this case), reception and decoding of content may be faulty, and thus the speech act may not achieve the desired effect.


Premise: Where was one of earliest farming sites in Europe found?

Hypothesis: It is presumed the population arrived from Sicily because of the similarity of Maltese dolmens to some small constructions found in the largest island of the Mediterranean sea.


Premise: What year did Isfahan gain victory over Hamadan?

Hypothesis: After a perilous journey, they reached Isfahan, receiving an honorable welcome from the prince.


Premise: When did Kant publish one of the most influential works in the history of the philosophy of space and time.

Hypothesis: Kant denies that either space or time are substance, entities in themselves, or learned by experience; he holds, rather, that both are elements of a systematic framework we use to structure our experience.


Premise: What is the name of the city's bike sharing system?

Hypothesis: This includes North America's second-largest bicycle sharing system, EcoBici, launched in 2010, in which registered residents can get bicycles for 45 minutes with a pre-paid subscription of 300 pesos a year.


Premise: By what era was India inhabited by humans of some form?

Hypothesis: Tools crafted by proto-humans that have been dated back two million years have been discovered in the northwestern part of the subcontinent.


Premise: What entities are working together to promote the FEELS model?

Hypothesis: " This work is in part the product of cooperation between Chinese government organizations and the Institute for the Postmodern Development of China.


Premise: Where does Greece rank in the work with communications?

Hypothesis: The United Nations International Telecommunication Union ranks Greece among the top 30 countries with a highly developed information and communications infrastructure.


Premise: What are gravitational waves?

Hypothesis: They are phenonena observed locally that largely violate the kind of local flatness of space that Whitehead assumes.


Premise: Where does Rogers Cable has its provincial headquarters?

Hypothesis: CBC has its Newfoundland and Labrador headquarters in the city and their television station CBNT-DT broadcasts from University Avenue.


Premise: At West Point, what game did Eisenhower play six nights a week for five months?

Hypothesis: A classmate reported that after learning to play contract bridge at West Point, Eisenhower played the game six nights a week for five months.


Premise: The ARR was one of the last railroads in the US to use what?

Hypothesis: It continues to offer one of the last flag stop routes in the country.


Premise: What woman wrote a biography of Queen Victoria in 1964?

Hypothesis: Biographies of Victoria written before much of the primary material became available, such as Lytton Strachey's Queen Victoria of 1921, are now considered out of date.


Premise: How many bloody noses did Spielberg get in High School?

Hypothesis: Two bloody noses.


Premise: When was the Niger Delta Nembe Creek Oil field found?

Hypothesis: In August 2014, Shell Oil Company said it was finalising its interests in four Nigerian oil fields.


Premise: Up til today, how many languages has To Kill a Mockingbird been printed in?

Hypothesis: One year after its publication To Kill a Mockingbird had been translated into ten languages.


Premise: On what date was the 2015 Human Development Report released?

Hypothesis: The 2015 Human Development Report by the United Nations Development Program was released on December 14, 2015, and calculates HDI values based on estimates for 2014.


Premise: How many votes did Ruben Studdard win by?

Hypothesis: Ruben Studdard emerged as the winner, beating Clay Aiken by a small margin.


Premise: What program is being installed in madrasahs in Singapore?

Hypothesis: Students attending a madrasah are required to wear the traditional Malay attire, including the songkok for boys and tudong for girls, in contrast to mainstream government schools which ban religious headgear as Singapore is officially a secular state.


Premise: How many pandas live at the Reserve?

Hypothesis: By May 20, two pandas at the reserve were found to be injured, while the search continued for another two adult pandas that went missing after the quake.


Premise: What is a commercial solution that can also be used?

Hypothesis: There are commercial solutions such as Pedialyte, and relief agencies such as UNICEF widely distribute packets of salts and sugar.


Premise: Which king fled the country in 1941?

Hypothesis: On 1 May 1941, Tito issued a pamphlet calling on the people to unite in a battle against the occupation.


Premise: Which University houses one of China's most prominent Tibetology departments?

Hypothesis: The Southwest University for Nationalities has one of China's most prominent Tibetology departments, and the Southwest Minorities Publishing House prints literature in minority languages.


Premise: Who cautioned "we ought not to relate their lying fables, lest we fall under sentence of eternal death"?

Hypothesis: Gregory of Tours read Virgil, whom he quotes in several places, along with some other Latin poets, though he cautions that "we ought not to relate their lying fables, lest we fall under sentence of eternal death."


Premise: Directive 10/2 called for actions against who?

Hypothesis: The OPC was quite unique; Frank Wisner, the head of the OPC, answered not to the CIA Director, but to the secretaries of defense, state, and the NSC, and the OPC's actions were a secret even from the head of the CIA.


Premise: Why is the Sumerian language usually thought of as a language isolate in linguistics?

Hypothesis: The Sumerian language is generally regarded as a language isolate in linguistics because it belongs to no known language family; Akkadian, by contrast, belongs to the Semitic branch of the Afroasiatic languages.


Premise: What conditions caused the delay of drilling in mid-2012?

Hypothesis: Further problems hampered the Arctic project after the commencement of drilling in 2012, as Shell dealt with a series of issues that involved air permits, Coast Guard certification of a marine vessel and severe damage to essential oil-spill equipment.


Premise: When was the Power Mac G4 discontinued?

Hypothesis: In 2000, Apple released the Power Mac G4 Cube, their first desktop since the discontinued Power Macintosh G3, to slot between the iMac G3 and the Power Mac G4.


Premise: How has this foundation changed in recent years?

Hypothesis: The foundation has since expanded to work with other charities in the city, and also provided relief following Hurricane Ike three years later.


Premise: What caused the deaths of many school children?

Hypothesis: Up to 1,300 children and teachers died at Beichuan Middle School.


Premise: Where has the Medieval Fair of Norman been held since 2003?

Hypothesis: Norman is also host to the Medieval Fair of Norman, which has been held annually since 1976 and was Oklahoma's first medieval fair.


Premise: Two important Amniotes  lineages became distinct, what was the name of that distinction?

Hypothesis: They descended from earlier reptiliomorph amphibious tetrapods, which lived on land that was already inhabited by insects and other invertebrates as well as by ferns, mosses and other plants.


Premise: Religious Ashkenazi Jews look to the authority of the chief Ashkenazi rabbi in which matters?

Hypothesis: In this respect, a religiously Ashkenazi Jew is an Israeli who is more likely to support certain religious interests in Israel, including certain political parties.


Premise: What did the Romans build along the mountain passes?

Hypothesis: The Romans, however, had built roads along the mountain passes, which continued to be used through the medieval period to cross the mountains and Roman road markers can still be found on the mountain passes.


Premise: In January 2006, who approved UNFPA's new country programme?

Hypothesis: In addition, speaking for European democracies -- Norway, Denmark, Sweden, Finland, the Netherlands, France, Belgium, Switzerland and Germany -- the United Kingdom stated, ”UNFPA’s activities in China, as in the rest of the world, are in strict conformity with the unanimously adopted Programme of Action of the ICPD, and play a key role in supporting our common endeavor, the promotion and protection of all human rights and fundamental freedoms.”


Premise: The Broadway Musical began in what decade?

Hypothesis: The advent of electric lighting led to elaborate theater productions, and in the 1880s, New York City theaters on Broadway and along 42nd Street began featuring a new stage form that became known as the Broadway musical.


Premise: What hunting weapon was found in the Southwestern US during  500 to 1200 C.E.?

Hypothesis: During this period the bow and arrow and ceramic pottery were also introduced.


Premise: What did Patrick Henry want to require Virginians to pay taxes to support?

Hypothesis: Similarly, the Constitution of Massachusetts originally provided that "no subject shall be hurt, molested, or restrained, in his person, liberty, or estate, for worshipping God in the manner and season most agreeable to the dictates of his own conscience... provided he doth not disturb the public peace, or obstruct others in their religious worship," (Article II) but also that:


Premise: Humans in the Balkans have been dated to what year?

Hypothesis: Neolithic settlements in Greece, dating from the 7th millennium BC, are the oldest in Europe by several centuries, as Greece lies on the route via which farming spread from the Near East to Europe.


Premise: The members of what clan gradually replaced the Fujiwaras?

Hypothesis: While the Fujiwara fell into disputes among themselves and formed northern and southern factions, the insei system allowed the paternal line of the imperial family to gain influence over the throne.


Premise: What's the largest retail center in Southampton?

Hypothesis: A further part of the redevelopment of the West Quay site resulted in a new store, opened on 12 February 2009, for Swedish home products retailer IKEA.


Premise: How did most Georgian design styles disseminate?

Hypothesis: But most buildings were still designed by builders and landlords together, and the wide spread of Georgian architecture, and the Georgian styles of design more generally, came from dissemination through pattern books and inexpensive suites of engravings.


Premise: To what can the dissent among Catholics be attributed to during Paul VI's papacy?

Hypothesis: Conservatives complained, that "women wanted to be priests, priests wanted to get married, bishops became regional popes and theologians claimed absolute teaching authority.


Premise: What capability is spread through the growth ring in ring-porous species?

Hypothesis: In diffuse-porous woods the pores are evenly sized so that the water conducting capability is scattered throughout the growth ring instead of being collected in a band or row.


Premise: What is summoned by the Desfile de Llamadas parade?

Hypothesis: The Carnival in Uruguay covers more than 40 days, generally beginning towards the end of January and running through mid March.


Premise: What seaport did the British-French attack with steamers and gunboats?

Hypothesis: On 21 May 1855, the gunboats and armed steamers attacked the seaport of Taganrog, the most important hub near Rostov on Don.


Premise: Why are the use of rifles banned?

Hypothesis: Specific seasons for bow hunting or muzzle-loading black-powder guns are often established to limit competition with hunters using more effective weapons.


Premise: What decided where the bank was to be located?

Hypothesis: Its location in the city is fixed by the Amsterdam Treaty.


Premise: Where did Hume say people's ideas come from?

Hypothesis: To remember or to imagine such impressions is to have an "idea".


Premise: The house which is the core of Buckingham was first built for who?

Hypothesis: Sheffield's leasehold on the mulberry garden site, the freehold of which was still owned by the royal family, was due to expire in 1774.


Premise: Who forbid to all servants of God hunting?

Hypothesis: Thus the Corpus Juris Canonici (C. ii, X, De cleric.


Premise: Who was a notable female French author of this period?

Hypothesis: Much literature remained religious in character, and although a great deal of it continued to be written in Latin, a new demand developed for saints' lives and other devotional tracts in the vernacular languages.


Premise: How many buses does the region have for public transit?

Hypothesis: Metrobus Transit is responsible for public transit in the region.


Premise: What do the vast majority of living organisms encode their genes in?

Hypothesis: The vast majority of living organisms encode their genes in long strands of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid).


Premise: What are early Greek philosophers known as?

Hypothesis: The earliest Greek philosophers, known as the pre-Socratics, provided competing answers to the question found in the myths of their neighbors: "How did the ordered cosmos in which we live come to be?"


Premise: Who did Hayk defeat?

Hypothesis: Armenians in the diaspora informally refer to them as Hayastantsis (Հայաստանցի), meaning those that are from Armenia (that is, those born and raised in Armenia).


Premise: What was the long term goal for Egypt?

Hypothesis: Dessouki also stated that "the real center of power in Egypt is the military".


Premise: What can be shorter than 1/4 wavelength long?

Hypothesis: For instance, a "whip antenna" can be made significantly shorter than 1/4 wavelength long, for practical reasons, and then resonated using a so-called loading coil.


Premise: What is the population of the London Metropolitan Region?

Hypothesis: The extended area known as the London Metropolitan Region or the London Metropolitan Agglomeration, comprises a total area of 8,382 square kilometres (3,236 sq mi) has a population of 13,709,000 and a population density of 1,510 inhabitants per square kilometre (3,900/sq mi).


Premise: Where is the L'Americain hotel?

Hypothesis: Bond travels to Austria to find White, who is dying of thallium poisoning.


Premise: Who wrapped a Tibetan flag around her body and later waved it?

Hypothesis: One woman had an orange sign that said, "Olympic flame for democracy", while a man carried a poster with a tank and the slogan "One world, two dreams".


Premise: Who is credited with creating the nocturne?

Hypothesis: Chopin took the new salon genre of the nocturne, invented by the Irish composer John Field, to a deeper level of sophistication.


Premise: In what direction did Richmond's borders expand in 1970?

Hypothesis: Between 1963 and 1965, there was a "downtown boom" that led to the construction of more than 700 buildings in the city.


Premise: Which type of construction is more expensive?

Hypothesis: Once surface-mounting came into use, small-sized SMD components were used where possible, with through-hole mounting only of components unsuitably large for surface-mounting due to power requirements or mechanical limitations, or subject to mechanical stress which might damage the PCB.


Premise: What are Catalan and Valencian assumed to be?

Hypothesis: There are two institutions regulating the two standard varieties, the Institute of Catalan Studies in Catalonia and the Valencian Academy of the Language in Valencia.


Premise: Who initiated the scrutiny of the educational system in 1976?

Hypothesis: He went on to list the areas he felt needed closest scrutiny: the case for a core curriculum, the validity and use of informal teaching methods, the role of school inspection and the future of the examination system.


Premise: What was seen as the behind the Roman influence in the east?

Hypothesis: Historians see the growing Roman influence over the east, as with the west, as not a matter of intentional empire-building, but constant crisis management narrowly focused on short-term goals within a highly unstable, unpredictable, and inter-dependent network of alliances and dependencies.


Premise: Which Alaskan native starred in a film also set in Alaska?

Hypothesis: One of the most prominent movies filmed in Alaska is MGM's Eskimo/Mala The Magnificent, starring Alaska Native Ray Mala.


Premise: To what four peoples did the settlement of Portugal give rise?

Hypothesis: The early history of Portugal is shared with the rest of the Iberian Peninsula located in South Western Europe.


Premise: What is the name of a location in Spectre which draws its inspiration from an Ian Fleming short story?

Hypothesis: Bond's torture by Blofeld mirrors his torture by the title character of Kingsley Amis' continuation novel Colonel Sun.[citation needed]


Premise: What body enforced pubs' closing hours under the Defence of the Realm Act?

Hypothesis: Opening for the full licensed hours was compulsory, and closing time was equally firmly enforced by the police; a landlord might lose his licence for infractions.


Premise: What was the colonial experience for Africans described as?

Hypothesis: There were many documented instances of material and moral conditions deteriorating for native Africans in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries under European colonial rule, to the point where the colonial experience for them has been described as "hell on earth."


Premise: Who was at the forefront of the fight to change the laws on defective products?

Hypothesis: In 1963, Roger J. Traynor of the Supreme Court of California threw away legal fictions based on warranties and imposed strict liability for defective products as a matter of public policy in the landmark case of Greenman v. Yuba Power Products.


Premise: What replaced the UB 2?

Hypothesis: Similar systems were adopted in other countries and for example the later Sperry device, designated M3A3 in the US was also used by Britain as the Predictor AA


Premise: What was the name of the island the English traded to the Dutch in return for New Amsterdam?

Hypothesis: Several intertribal wars among the Native Americans and some epidemics brought on by contact with the Europeans caused sizable population losses for the Lenape between the years 1660 and 1670.


Premise: What year was the Grace Memorial Bridge built?

Hypothesis: The Arthur Ravenel Jr. Bridge across the Cooper River opened on July 16, 2005, and was the second-longest cable-stayed bridge in the Americas at the time of its construction.[citation needed]


Premise: Who were liberators of oppressed Balkan states?

Hypothesis: The Russians were suddenly liberators of oppressed Balkan states.


Premise: Polymophism species have different forms or what else?

Hypothesis: Polymorphism is where a species may have different morphs or forms, as in the oblong winged katydid, which has four different varieties: green, pink and yellow or tan.


Premise: Who was responsible for the invention of the seismometer?

Hypothesis: To address the problem of slowed timekeeping in the pressure head of the inflow water clock, Zhang was the first in China to install an additional tank between the reservoir and inflow vessel.


Premise: When verse was the third mention?

Hypothesis: The first recorded use of the term (or its cognates in other languages) is in the New Testament, in Acts 11:26, after Barnabas brought Saul (Paul) to Antioch where they taught the disciples for about a year, the text says: "[...] the disciples were called Christians first in Antioch."


Premise: How much is a fall deduction?

Hypothesis: The gymnast's difficulty score is based on what elements they perform and is subject to change if they do not perform or complete all the skills, or they do not connect a skill meant to be connected to another.


Premise: What style did architect James Gamble Rogers use for the principal buildings on the new Chicago campus?

Hypothesis: In addition to the Ward Building, Rogers designed Wieboldt Hall to house facilities for the School of Commerce and Levy Mayer Hall to house the School of Law.


Premise: What did Chancellor Willy Brandt propose in his  28 October 1969 address?

Hypothesis: After two years of work, the experts delivered their report in 1973.


Premise: Which philosopher argued homosexuality did not exist as an idenity in the eighteenth century?

Hypothesis: In 1976, philosopher and historian Michel Foucault argued in The History of Sexuality that homosexuality as an identity did not exist in the eighteenth century; that people instead spoke of "sodomy," which referred to sexual acts.


Premise: Gothic architecture is known for being commonly used in cathedrals and churches, what is one example of a lesser known type of structure in which Gothic architecture has been used?

Hypothesis: Gothic architecture is most familiar as the architecture of many of the great cathedrals, abbeys and churches of Europe.


Premise: What is the special marking that shows messages can be shared with these other five countries?

Hypothesis: There is a special communications marking that signals that intelligence-related messages can be shared with these four countries.


Premise: Which theater company was founded by several Northwestern alumni in 1988?

Hypothesis: Chicago's Lookingglass Theatre Company, for example, which began life in the Great Room in Jones Residential College, was founded in 1988 by several alumni, including David Schwimmer; in 2011, it won the Regional Tony Award.


Premise: In what type of climate does clothing protect against sunburn and wind damage?

Hypothesis: In hot climates, clothing provides protection from sunburn or wind damage, while in cold climates its thermal insulation properties are generally more important.


Premise: Which former president of Def Jam called Beyonce the greatest entertainer alive?

Hypothesis: The ex-President of Def Jam L.A. Reid has described Beyoncé as the greatest entertainer alive.


Premise: Which blogger calling for demonstrations was arrested for tax evasion?

Hypothesis: Prior to the rally, seven anti-China protestors were arrested in Hanoi after unfurling a banner and shouting "Boycott the Beijing Olympics" through a loudhailer at a market.


Premise: What two factors cause asthma?

Hypothesis: It may also be classified as atopic or non-atopic where atopy refers to a predisposition toward developing a type 1 hypersensitivity reaction.


Premise: When did the Jiajing Emperor reign?

Hypothesis: During the reign of the Jiajing Emperor (r. 1521–1567), the native Chinese ideology of Daoism was fully sponsored at the Ming court, while Tibetan Vajrayana and even Chinese Buddhism were ignored or suppressed.


Premise: Which colony did the Dutch abandon the island for?

Hypothesis: The Dutch Republic formally made claim to Saint Helena in 1633, although there is no evidence that they ever occupied, colonised or fortified it.


Premise: What concerns for the religions institutions are there?

Hypothesis: There is a concern for religious institutions becoming active in the political sphere.


Premise: During what span was there a famine in the Soviet Union?

Hypothesis: Many regions in Russia were affected by the Soviet famine of 1932–1933: Volga; Central Black Soil Region; North Caucasus; the Urals; the Crimea; part of Western Siberia; and the Kazak ASSR.


Premise: What was Valencia's population in 1860?

Hypothesis: Electricity was introduced to Valencia in 1882.


Premise: What does the low virulence of HIV allow victims to do?

Hypothesis: As a result, the victims of this disease do not have the opportunity to travel very far from the initial infection zone.


Premise: Declaration that decrees are not severe was done by who?

Hypothesis: x) declared that such synodal decrees are not too severe, as an absolute prohibition of hunting is more conformable to the ecclesiastical law.


Premise: The house which is the core of Buckingham was first built for who?

Hypothesis: The house which forms the architectural core of the palace was built for the first Duke of Buckingham and Normanby in 1703 to the design of William Winde.


Premise: What is the name of the festival celebrated in Eastern Orthodox nations during the last week before Great Lent?

Hypothesis: In Eastern Orthodox nations, Maslenitsa is celebrated during the last week before Great Lent.


Premise: What Church did Victoria consider herself aligned with?

Hypothesis: She preferred short, simple services, and personally considered herself more aligned with the presbyterian Church of Scotland than the episcopal Church of England.


Premise: Who was the 'father of Armenian history'?

Hypothesis: As Armenian history of the 1920s and of the Genocide came to be more openly discussed, writers like Paruyr Sevak, Gevork Emin, Silva Kaputikyan and Hovhannes Shiraz began a new era of literature.


Premise: When did "Operation Detachment" occur?

Hypothesis: The battle of Iwo Jima ("Operation Detachment") in February 1945 was one of the bloodiest battles fought by the Americans in the Pacific War.


Premise: How long did one Arctic tern take to migrate?

Hypothesis: The Arctic tern Sterna paradisaea has the longest-distance migration of any bird, and sees more daylight than any other, moving from its Arctic breeding grounds to the Antarctic non-breeding areas.


Premise: What is Chamame?

Hypothesis: Chamame is a popular musical style.


Premise: When The Times was bought in 1982, who resigned as editor?

Hypothesis: After 14 years as editor, William Rees-Mogg resigned the post upon completion of the change of ownership.


Premise: What was one issue of a lack of industry standards?

Hypothesis: A number of 78 rpm record producers as well as early LP makers also cut their records to the NAB/NARTB lateral standard.


Premise: Tito Square is located in what Slovenian city?

Hypothesis: Slovenia has several streets and squares named after Tito, notably Tito Square in Velenje, incorporating a 10-meter statue.


Premise: When was the Wu state created?

Hypothesis: In the late period of Shang dynasty, Taibo of Zhou came to Jiangnan and established Wu state, and the first stop is in Nanjing area according to some historians based on discoveries in Taowu and Hushu culture.


Premise: What scenes were popular in art during the Middle Ages?

Hypothesis: Cultural depictions of dogs in art extend back thousands of years to when dogs were portrayed on the walls of caves.


Premise: Where was Nasser believed to be a spokesman for the poor and oppressed?

Hypothesis: Egyptian political scientist Mahmoud Hamad wrote that, prior to 1956, Nasser had consolidated control over Egypt's military and civilian bureaucracies, but it was only after the canal's nationalization that he gained near-total popular legitimacy and firmly established himself as the "charismatic leader" and "spokesman for the masses not only in Egypt, but all over the Third World".


Premise: What causes the decrease of capacitance in ceramic capacitors as they age?

Hypothesis: In ceramic capacitors, this is caused by degradation of the dielectric.


Premise: How does central Catalan behave with the groups?

Hypothesis: Also, usually Central Catalan acts as an innovative element.


Premise: What happens to software after a major change in code that leads to regression??

Hypothesis: Regression testing is typically the largest test effort in commercial software development, due to checking numerous details in prior software features, and even new software can be developed while using some old test-cases to test parts of the new design to ensure prior functionality is still supported.


Premise: In the film Evita, who did Madonna play?

Hypothesis: In Evita (1996), Madonna played the title role of Eva Perón.


Premise: When was the "Stupid Motorist Law" passed?

Hypothesis: Arizona traffic code Title 28-910, the so-called "Stupid Motorist Law", was instituted in 1995 to discourage people from entering flooded roadways.


Premise: Who persecuted the Anabaptists in the 16th century?

Hypothesis: The name Anabaptist, meaning "one who baptizes again", was given them by their persecutors in reference to the practice of re-baptizing converts who already had been baptized as infants.


Premise: What is being debated in Utrecht

Hypothesis: An ongoing debate is over whether any building in or near the centre of town should surpass the Dom Tower in height (112 m).


Premise: What's the joint project of TU Clausthal, TU Braunschweig, and the University of Hanover called?

Hypothesis: Some universities in Germany can also be seen as institutes of technology due to comprising a wide spread of technical sciences and having a history as a technical university.


Premise: What show did Kanye perform a spoof about the incident at the MTV Europe Awards?

Hypothesis: He later spoofed the incident on the 33rd season premiere of Saturday Night Live in September 2007.


Premise: What Texas city was Dell's headquarters previously in?

Hypothesis: Dell previously had its headquarters in the Arboretum complex in northern Austin, Texas.


Premise: Which pole is located in Antarctica?

Hypothesis: or /ænˈtɑːtɪkə/ or /ænˈɑːtɪkə/)[Note 1] is Earth's southernmost continent, containing the geographic South Pole.


Premise: Who are the leaders of each house given the responsibility of informing their group of the governor-generals actions?

Hypothesis: Now, the bill is sent to the governor-general's residence by the house in which it originated.


Premise: Joining Merriam-Webster's and the Oxford dictionary, the older form of the phrase without the "s" is still listed first in what dictionary?

Hypothesis: Nevertheless, even dictionaries such as Merriam-Webster's, American Heritage, and Oxford, which describe actual usage instead of prescribing outdated usage (and therefore also list the newer form), still list the older form first.


Premise: Modern historians have been over lenient towards what?

Hypothesis: Bradbury takes a moderate line, but suggests that in recent years modern historians have been overly lenient towards John's numerous faults.


Premise: What name does the Quran use for itself that means "revelation"?

Hypothesis: Other related words are: dhikr (remembrance), used to refer to the Quran in the sense of a reminder and warning, and ḥikmah (wisdom), sometimes referring to the revelation or part of it.


Premise: What did John attempt to relieve in late 1203?

Hypothesis: In late 1203, John attempted to relieve Château Gaillard, which although besieged by Philip was guarding the eastern flank of Normandy.


Premise: When did Tito first visit India?

Hypothesis: Tito visited India from December 22, 1954 through January 8, 1955.


Premise: What policy did Hitler hope the bombing of Allies would cause?

Hypothesis: Hitler was much more attracted to the political aspects of bombing.


Premise: Who prevented slaveholders from being appointed missionaries?

Hypothesis: The Methodist Episcopal Church, South had recently separated over the issue of slavery, and southern Presbyterians would do so shortly thereafter.


Premise: What was the WSH program launched in 2005

Hypothesis: The Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WSH) program of the Gates Foundation was launched in mid-2005 as a "Learning Initiative," and became a full-fledged program under the Global Development Division in early 2010.


Premise: What is the Duchy of Lancaster?

Hypothesis: It has landholdings throughout the region and elsewhere, operating as a property company, but also exercising the right of the Crown in the County Palatine of Lancaster.


Premise: What pigment was made by soaking copper plates in fermenting wine?

Hypothesis: They also used the pigment verdigris, made by soaking copper plates in fermenting wine.


Premise: Between which two lines of latitude is the Congo located?

Hypothesis: Congo is located in the central-western part of sub-Saharan Africa, along the Equator, lying between latitudes 4°N and 5°S, and longitudes 11° and 19°E.


Premise: How much money has been funded to the renovation of Wrigley Field?

Hypothesis: In 2013, Tom Ricketts and team president Crane Kenney unveiled plans for a five-year, $575 million privately funded renovation of Wrigley Field.


Premise: What is the span of population density per million square kilometers of researchers in Antarctica?

Hypothesis: The number of people conducting and supporting scientific research and other work on the continent and its nearby islands varies from about 1,000 in winter to about 5,000 in the summer, giving it a population density between 70 and 350 inhabitants per million square kilometres (180 and 900 per million square miles) at these times.


Premise: How many forms of personal pronouns are there in Catalan?

Hypothesis: The morphology of Catalan personal pronouns is complex, specially in unstressed forms, which are numerous (13 distinct forms, compared to 11 in Spanish or 9 in Italian).


Premise: Where do comics usually appear?

Hypothesis: In the US, daily strips have normally occupied a single tier, while Sunday strips have been given multiple tiers.


Premise: What did the Angiosperm Phylogeny group use determine a phylogeny of flowering plants?

Hypothesis: Molecular analysis of DNA sequences from most families of flowering plants enabled the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group to publish in 1998 a phylogeny of flowering plants, answering many of the questions about relationships among angiosperm families and species.


Hypothesis: This was because the sanitation sector was generally receiving less attention from other donors and from governments, and because the Foundation believed it had the potential to make a real difference through strategic investments.


Premise: What US president was critical of Egypt's repression of Muslim Brotherhood?

Hypothesis: This resulted in a sharp increase in mass death sentences that arose criticism from the US president Barack Obama and the General Secretary of the UN, Ban Ki Moon.


Premise: What atomic bomb test did Feynman see?

Hypothesis: He immersed himself in work on the project, and was present at the Trinity bomb test.


Premise: How many orders of mendicant friars came out of the Middle Ages?

Hypothesis: Out of this ideal emerged two orders of mendicant friars: one, the Friars Minor, was led by Francis of Assisi; the other, the Friars Preachers, by Dominic of Guzman.


Premise: What provided the Roman senate with exuberance?

Hypothesis: Thus, when Julius Caesar returned from a governorship in Spain in 61 BC, he found it easy to make an arrangement with Pompey.


Premise: What has demonstrated a history of sign use in the Yellow River valley?

Hypothesis: However, because these marks occur singly, without any implied context, and are made crudely and simply, Qiu Xigui concluded that "we do not have any basis for stating that these constituted writing nor is there reason to conclude that they were ancestral to Shang dynasty Chinese characters.


Premise: What sorts of ships were based in Davenport?

Hypothesis: Although major units of the Royal Navy moved to the safety of Scapa Flow, Devonport was an important base for escort vessels and repairs.


Premise: Like what creature did Burke say Hastings was 'devouring the dead'?

Hypothesis: The impeachment in Westminster Hall, which did not begin until 14 February 1788, would be the "first major public discursive event of its kind in England", bringing the morality and duty of imperialism to the forefront of public perception.


Premise: Where on Earth is the highest marine activity recorded?

Hypothesis: The Coral Triangle is the heart of the world's coral reef biodiversity, the Verde Passage is dubbed by Conservation International as the world's "center of the center of marine shorefish biodiversity".


Premise: What is one consequence of modifying radicals?

Hypothesis: Creating a new character by modifying the radical is an easy way to disambiguate homographs among xíngshēngzì pictophonetic compounds.


Premise: What year was Bern occupied by French troops?

Hypothesis: At this time, it once again became the largest canton of the confederacy as it stood during the Restoration and until the secession of the canton of Jura in 1979.


Premise: Equipment from what country is being replaced?

Hypothesis: The Armed Forces' inventory includes equipment from different countries around the world.


Premise: Where did the White Stockings play their home games?

Hypothesis: The White Stockings played their home games at West Side Grounds,against the bloods and quickly established themselves as one of the new league's top teams.


Premise: What kind of truck was 'Duel' about?

Hypothesis: The film is about a psychotic Peterbilt 281 tanker truck driver who chases the terrified driver (Dennis Weaver) of a small Plymouth Valiant and tries to run him off the road.


Premise: In 2000 roughly how much of the population had access to sanitation services?

Hypothesis: In 2000, 62–65 percent of the population was estimated to have access to safe drinking water and only 69 percent to sanitation services of some kind.


Premise: What type of literary work is Beowulf?

Hypothesis: Some of the most important surviving works of Old English literature are Beowulf, an epic poem; the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, a record of early English history; the Franks Casket, an inscribed early whalebone artefact; and Cædmon's Hymn, a Christian religious poem.


Premise: The implications of identity and identity construction are discussed in what settings?

Hypothesis: "If employees must navigate discourses that question the viability of their work, and/ or experience obstacles in managing taint through transforming dirty work into a badge of honor, it is likely they will find blaming the client to be an efficacious route in affirming their identity" (Tracy & Scott 2006, p. 33).


Premise: What was the first Dutch Bible translation called?

Hypothesis: It used elements from various, even Dutch Low Saxon, dialects but was predominantly based on the urban dialects of Holland of post 16th century.


Premise: How many awards and decorations did Josip Broz Tito recieve?

Hypothesis: Josip Broz Tito received a total of 119 awards and decorations from 60 countries around the world (59 countries and Yugoslavia).


Premise: Where is the House of the Black Madonna located?

Hypothesis: A Cubist streetlamp has also been preserved near the Wenceslas Square, designed by Emil Králíček in 1912, who also built the Diamond House in the New Town of Prague around 1913.


Premise: When an Ashkenazi woman marries a Sephardi or Mizrahi man it is expected that her children will take on which kind of identity?

Hypothesis: By tradition, a Sephardic or Mizrahi woman who marries into an Orthodox or Haredi Ashkenazi Jewish family raises her children to be Ashkenazi Jews; conversely an Ashkenazi woman who marries a Sephardi or Mizrahi man is expected to take on Sephardic practice and the children inherit a Sephardic identity, though in practice many families compromise.


Premise: What was the predominant educational psychology from the 1750s onward?

Hypothesis: The predominant educational psychology from the 1750s onward, especially in northern European countries was associationism, the notion that the mind associates or dissociates ideas through repeated routines.


Premise: Why was Iran included in the collection of regions?

Hypothesis: Iran was included because it could not easily be reached except through the Ottoman Empire or neighboring Russia.


Premise: How many meters above sea level is the Tan Hill Inn?

Hypothesis: It may be reached by foot or by boat, and by train as it is served by the nearby Berney Arms railway station, which likewise has no road access and serves no other settlement.


Premise: What was the name of the political system that gave rents to knights in return for military service?

Hypothesis: Kings became the heads of centralised nation states, reducing crime and violence but making the ideal of a unified Christendom more distant.


Premise: How did monaterism aim to control the economy?

Hypothesis: Monetarism focuses on using the supply and demand of money as a method for controlling economic activity.


Premise: What tragedy did Victoria face in July of 1900?

Hypothesis: In July, her second son Alfred ("Affie") died; "Oh, God!


Premise: In what year did the papacy return to Rome?

Hypothesis: Florence grew to prominence amongst the Italian city-states through financial business, and the dominant Medici family became important promoters of the Renaissance through their patronage of the arts.


Premise: A presidential candidate from what party derided the city for its liberalism?

Hypothesis: When one Republican presidential candidate for the 2016 election ridiculed the liberalism of "New York values" in January 2016, Donald Trump, leading in the polls, vigorously defended his city.


Premise: It was considered Europe needed what country?

Hypothesis: These were fighting words to be coming from a country that once insisted Europe needed Turkey and was willing to spill blood over it.


Premise: What other president did the Jenkins Orphanage play for other than Taft?

Hypothesis: The Heywards insisted on hiring the real Jenkins Orphanage Band to portray themselves on stage.


Premise: What station was built in the Art Nouveau style?

Hypothesis: Among the most architecturally successful buildings of the era were those designed in the Art Nouveau style, such as the North Station (Gare du Nord) and the Central and Columbus markets.


Premise: What dialect is considered a sister language to Dutch?

Hypothesis: Many native speakers of Dutch, both in Belgium and the Netherlands, assume that Afrikaans and West Frisian are dialects of Dutch but are considered separate and distinct from Dutch: a daughter language and a sister language, respectively.


Premise: Where is the  annual Charleston Fashion week held?

Hypothesis: Charleston's oldest community theater group, the Footlight Players, has provided theatrical productions since 1931.


Premise: What country experienced a coup in 1962?

Hypothesis: Nasser's regional position changed unexpectedly when Yemeni officers led by Nasser supporter Abdullah al-Sallal overthrew Imam Badr of North Yemen on 27 September 1962.


Premise: Along with formal settings, where do some Italians avoid speaking their regional language?

Hypothesis: Today, the majority of Italians are able to speak standard Italian, though many Italians still speak their regional language regularly or as their primary day-to-day language, especially at home with family or when communicating with Italians from the same town or region.


Premise: How many minority nationality types does Nanjing contain?

Hypothesis: In 1999, 77,394 residents belonged to minority nationalities, among which the vast majority (64,832) were Hui nationalities, contributing 83.76 percent to the minority population.


Premise: Where are dioxins stored in our animal sources of food?

Hypothesis: They are known to be carcinogenic.


Premise: What influences did the Sumerian language seem to retain?

Hypothesis: The Sumerians were a non-Semitic caucasoid people, and spoke a language isolate; a number of linguists believed they could detect a substrate language beneath Sumerian, because names of some of Sumer's major cities are not Sumerian, revealing influences of earlier inhabitants.


Premise: What computer OS did iPod software exclusively work with at launch?

Hypothesis: Originally, iPod software only worked with Mac OS; iPod software for Microsoft Windows was launched with the second generation model.


Premise: What rank is Oklahoma Cities television networks for Nielsen?

Hypothesis: The major U.S. broadcast television networks have affiliates in the Oklahoma City market (ranked 41st for television by Nielsen and 48th for radio by Arbitron, covering a 34-county area serving the central, northern-central and west-central sections Oklahoma); including NBC affiliate KFOR-TV (channel 4), ABC affiliate KOCO-TV (channel 5), CBS affiliate KWTV-DT (channel 9, the flagship of locally based Griffin Communications), PBS station KETA-TV (channel 13, the flagship of the state-run OETA member network), Fox affiliate KOKH-TV (channel 25), CW affiliate KOCB (channel 34)


Premise: When did Beyonce start becoming popular?

Hypothesis: Born and raised in Houston, Texas, she performed in various singing and dancing competitions as a child, and rose to fame in the late 1990s as lead singer of R&B girl-group Destiny's Child.


Premise: In Homer's poems who were the Greeks at odds with ?

Hypothesis: These Cilicians seem to have been called Dananiyim, the same word as Danaoi who attacked Egypt in 1191 BC along with the Quaouash (or Weshesh) who may be Achaeans.


Premise: What were potential benefits of the CD-4 format?

Hypothesis: Later, the special half-speed cutting heads and equalization techniques were employed to get a wider frequency response in stereo with reduced distortion and greater headroom.)


Premise: A more current, 20th century center for London's literary set is located where?

Hypothesis: The literary centres of London have traditionally been hilly Hampstead and (since the early 20th century) Bloomsbury.


Premise: How can a wrestler be disqualified?

Hypothesis: A no disqualification match can still end by countout (although this is rare); typically, a match must be declared a "no holds barred" match, a "street fight" or some other term, in order for both disqualifications and countouts to be waived.[citation needed]


Premise: In areas of strict enforcement, what happened to Christians?

Hypothesis: Some local communities were not only pre-dominantly Christian, but powerful and influential; and some provincial authorities were lenient, notably the Caesar in Gaul, Constantius Chlorus, the father of Constantine I. Diocletian's successor Galerius maintained anti-Christian policy until his deathbed revocation in 311, when he asked Christians to pray for him. "


Premise: As of 2012, how many physicians were working in New York City?

Hypothesis: New York City has the most post-graduate life sciences degrees awarded annually in the United States, with 127 Nobel laureates having roots in local institutions as of 2004; while in 2012, 43,523 licensed physicians were practicing in New York City.


Premise: Who argues that there was steep decline and stagnation after the death of Suleiman?

Hypothesis: Finally the Ottoman economic system grew distorted and impoverished, as war caused inflation, world trade moved in other directions, and the deterioration of law and order made economic progress difficult.


Premise: When was the festival of climbing on the city wall celebrated?

Hypothesis: Almost none of them, however, are still celebrated by modern Nanjingese.


Premise: How many companies are involved with the network of buses?

Hypothesis: The city also boasts an efficient network of public transportation, which mainly consists of bus, taxi and metro systems.


Premise: Who was the US Secretary of State in 2001?

Hypothesis: United States Secretary of State Colin Powell and other U.S. administration officials met with Musharraf.


Premise: What portion of the European population died in the Black Death?

Hypothesis: Cultural and technological developments transformed European society, concluding the Late Middle Ages and beginning the early modern period.


Premise: What geologic events took place when Pangea combined during the Carboniferous?

Hypothesis: There were two major oceans in the Carboniferous the Panthalassa and Paleo-Tethys.


Premise: Initiative within the group depends upon what factor?

Hypothesis: Anthropologists maintain that hunter/gatherers don't have permanent leaders; instead, the person taking the initiative at any one time depends on the task being performed.


Premise: Who was responsible for the attack on Israeli athletes in 1972?

Hypothesis: He funded the Black September Organization who perpetrated the 1972 Munich massacre of Israeli athletes in West Germany, and had the killed militants' bodies flown to Libya for a hero's funeral.


Premise: What is the public high school system called in Mexico City?

Hypothesis: The city's public high school system is the Instituto de Educación Media Superior del Distrito Federal (IEMS-DF).


Premise: When did Antioine de Ville climb Mont Aiguille?

Hypothesis: Charles VII of France ordered his chamberlain to climb Mont Aiguille in 1356.


Premise: Where did Beyoncé perform on January 20, 2009?

Hypothesis: At Last" at the First Couple's first inaugural ball.


Premise: What are the Channel Islands and the Isle of Mann?

Hypothesis: In each of her realms she has a distinct title that follows a similar formula: Queen of Jamaica and her other realms and territories in Jamaica, Queen of Australia and her other realms and territories in Australia, etc.


Premise: What was Eritrea chosen to be by the Italian government during the Italian Empire?

Hypothesis: Eritrea was chosen by the Italian government to be the industrial center of Italian East Africa.


Premise: How do adolescents initially define themselves?

Hypothesis: Adolescents attempt to define their identity by consciously styling themselves in different manners to find what best suits them.


Premise: What is an example of Humanism based philosophy that focused on ethics?

Hypothesis: Taoist and Confucian secularism contain elements of moral thought devoid of religious authority or deism however they only partly resembled our modern concept of secularism.


Premise: How many judges were on the panel for this season?

Hypothesis: In the first major change to the judging panel, a fourth judge, Kara DioGuardi, was introduced.


Premise: In what memior written by Queen Victoria was John Brown praised?

Hypothesis: Through the 1860s, Victoria relied increasingly on a manservant from Scotland, John Brown.


Premise: If the effects are valid, for RK = n/e2, what is the measurement of KJ2RK equal to?

Hypothesis: From the definition of the conventional watt W90, this gives a measure of the product KJ2RK in SI units, where RK is the von Klitzing constant which appears in the quantum Hall effect.


Premise: Who largely formalized the developments that led to the theory of conservation of energy?

Hypothesis: These developments led to the theory of conservation of energy, formalized largely by William Thomson (Lord Kelvin) as the field of thermodynamics.


Premise: What is the Lincoln Theater downtown?

Hypothesis: The private Lincoln Theatre is one of several clubs in downtown Raleigh that schedules many concerts throughout the year in multiple formats (rock, pop, country).


Premise: Which three locations in Morocco were used in filming?

Hypothesis: After wrapping up in England, production travelled to Morocco in June, with filming taking place in Oujda, Tangier and Erfoud, after preliminary work was completed by the production's second unit.


Premise: Who is Charles-Louis Clerisseau?

Hypothesis: A permanent home for the new government, the Virginia State Capitol building, was designed by Thomas Jefferson with the assistance of Charles-Louis Clérisseau, and was completed in 1788.


Premise: Can one increase their brain efficency?

Hypothesis: No long term follow up was conducted, it is therefore unclear if this intervention has lasting effects on memory.


Premise: What was Nasser increasingly convinced he should topple?

Hypothesis: The apparent difference in attitude between the government and the general public increased Nasser's determination to topple the monarchy.


Premise: What is the name of the empire Napoleon dissolved?

Hypothesis: After dissolving the Holy Roman Empire, he reduced the number of German states from 300 to less than 50, paving the way to German Unification.


Premise: Why do researchers believe the social event reporting by adolescents (rather than sexual activity) is important?

Hypothesis: The researchers state that these results are important because the results focus on the more positive aspects of adolescents and their social and romantic interactions rather than focusing on sexual behavior and its consequences.


Premise: How often does The Christian Science monitor publish their magazine?

Hypothesis: The Boston Globe also releases a teen publication to the city's public high schools, called Teens in Print or T.i.


Premise: What company introduced the first HD video conferencing system to the general market?

Hypothesis: Polycom introduced its first high definition video conferencing system to the market in 2006.


Premise: What do disguised people pass through during the festival?

Hypothesis: The Cwarmê Sunday is the most important and insteresting to see.


Premise: What is a finite composition of two symmetries or their inverses?

Hypothesis: The dihedral group D4, for example, can be generated by two elements r and f (for example, r = r1, the right rotation and f = fv the vertical (or any other) reflection), which means that every symmetry of the square is a finite composition of these two symmetries or their inverses.


Premise: What does Bavaria refer to itself as?

Hypothesis: Three Länder call themselves Freistaaten (Free States, which is the old-fashioned German expression for Republic), Bavaria (since 1919), Saxony (originally since 1919 and again since 1990), and Thuringia (since 1994).


Premise: What was took place in 1854-1856?

Hypothesis: For a while it appeared that another war would be inevitable, but the two countries reached an agreement on their respective spheres of influence in the region in 1878 and on all outstanding matters in 1907 with the signing of the Anglo-Russian Entente.


Premise: When did Cyprus receive enough rainfall to fill up their water reserves?

Hypothesis: The country relies heavily on rain to provide household water, but in the past 30 years average yearly precipitation has decreased.


Premise: What type of drugs reduced the risk of strokes and heart disease for people with high blood pressure?

Hypothesis: ACE inhibitors reduce the risk of new onset kidney disease [RR 0.71] and death [RR 0.84] in diabetic patients, irrespective of whether they have hypertension.


Premise: What happens to the current when a battery has been attached to a capacitor for an adequate amount of time?

Hypothesis: When there is a potential difference across the conductors (e.g., when a capacitor is attached across a battery), an electric field develops across the dielectric, causing positive charge +Q to collect on one plate and negative charge −Q to collect on the other plate.


Premise: Least populates areas of Utrecht

Hypothesis: The smaller Utrecht agglomeration of continuously built up areas counts some 420,000 inhabitants and includes Nieuwegein, IJsselstein and Maarssen.


Premise: Who can enemies detect from a greater distance than in previous games?

Hypothesis: The artificial intelligence (AI) of enemies in Twilight Princess is more advanced than that of enemies in The Wind Waker.


Premise: Adjusted for inflation, how many dollars were awarded to Bell alongside the Volta Prize?

Hypothesis: In 1880, Bell received the Volta Prize with a purse of 50,000 francs (approximately US$250,000 in today's dollars) for the invention of the telephone from the Académie française, representing the French government.


Premise: What do haredi Judaism and modern orthodox Judaism disagree about the application of?

Hypothesis: However, there is significant disagreement within Orthodox Judaism, particularly between Haredi Judaism and Modern Orthodox Judaism, about the extent and circumstances under which the proper application of Halakha should be re-examined as a result of changing realities.


Premise: Which king of Prussia saw himself as the leader of the Enlightenment?

Hypothesis: Frederick the Great, the king of Prussia from 1740 to 1786, saw himself as a leader of the Enlightenment and patronized philosophers and scientists at his court in Berlin.


Premise: What did the Bush administration describe as parasitical?

Hypothesis: Administration officials also described "terrorists" as hateful, treacherous, barbarous, mad, twisted, perverted, without faith, parasitical, inhuman, and, most commonly, evil.


Premise: How many terms may a president serve?

Hypothesis: The military retains the ability to appoint the national Minister of Defence for the next 8 years.


Premise: What was stopped due to protest interruptions?

Hypothesis: Chinese officials canceled the torch relay ceremony amidst disruptions, including a Tibetan flag flown from a window in the City Hall by Green Party officials.


Premise: What is the name of Queen's drummer?

Hypothesis: The Foo Fighters paid homage to the band in performing "Tie Your Mother Down" to open the ceremony before being joined on stage by May, Taylor, and Paul Rodgers, who played a selection of Queen hits.


Premise: Where was the largest mass of copper found?

Hypothesis: The largest mass of elemental copper discovered weighed 420 tonnes and was found in 1857 on the Keweenaw Peninsula in Michigan, US.


Premise: What did SASO find wrong with the KInsey scale and Klein Sexual Orientation Grid?

Hypothesis: The Sell Assessment of Sexual Orientation (SASO) was developed to address the major concerns with the Kinsey Scale and Klein Sexual Orientation Grid and as such, measures sexual orientation on a continuum, considers various dimensions of sexual orientation, and considers homosexuality and heterosexuality separately.


Premise: What did Kerry get from the Pakistanis?

Hypothesis: Among matters discussed during the May visit to Pakistan, under the general rubric of "recalibrating" the bilateral relationship, Kerry sought and retrieved from the Pakistanis the tail-section of the U.S. helicopter which had had to be abandoned at Abbottabad during the bin Laden strike.


Premise: Who is responsible for the organization and development of Montevideo's transport infrastructure?

Hypothesis: A bus service network covers the entire city.


Premise: What was the search radius of U.S. Navy Hellcat fighters?

Hypothesis: U.S. Navy Hellcat fighters could only attack within 200 miles (320 km) and only search within a 325-mile (523 km)[citation needed] radius.


Premise: What year did Portugal invade the recently liberated territory?

Hypothesis: Urban expansion, however, moved very slowly because of the events that followed.


Premise: What may have colors that do not change over several pixels?

Hypothesis: For example, an image may have areas of colour that do not change over several pixels; instead of coding "red pixel, red pixel, ..." the data may be encoded as "279 red pixels".


Premise: In deism is God represented in human form?

Hypothesis: Common in Deism is a belief that God has no interest in humanity and may not even be aware of humanity.


Premise: What 1688 event helped the parliament solidy its power against the monarch?

Hypothesis: The monarch could no longer establish any law or impose any tax without its permission and thus the House of Commons became a part of the government.


Premise: What is one large determining factor in normative adolescent behavior?

Hypothesis: The lifestyle of an adolescent in a given culture is profoundly shaped by the roles and responsibilities he or she is expected to assume.


Premise: Who renovated Fort Lowell's adobe buildings?

Hypothesis: The Bolsius family Pete, Nan and Charles Bolsius purchased and renovated surviving adobe buildings of the Fort – transforming them into spectacular artistic southwestern architectural examples.


Premise: Tenuis stops have letters that are representative of English voiced consonant in what?

Hypothesis: Standard Chinese (Mandarin) has stops and affricates distinguished by aspiration: for instance,


Premise: who two new technologies were introducted in the 1930s?

Hypothesis: After approximately one generation, women increasingly left the fields, thus redefining their roles within the family.


Premise: How many years did NBC Sports receive an extension for with the Premier League in 2015?

Hypothesis: The Premier League is broadcast in the United States through NBC Sports.


Premise: What nonprofit did Schwarzenegger found in 1995?

Hypothesis: In 1995, he founded the Inner City Games Foundation (ICG) which provides cultural, educational and community enrichment programming to youth.


Premise: Which two major holidays become popular in Guam?

Hypothesis: Many Chamorros also have Spanish surnames because of their conversion to Roman Catholic Christianity and the adoption of names from the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos, a phenomenon also common to the Philippines.


Premise: Which goespel begins its story of Mary with the Annunciation?

Hypothesis: According to gospel accounts, Mary was present at the Crucifixion of Jesus and is depicted as a member of the early Christian community in Jerusalem.


Premise: When did Kerry become a Senator?

Hypothesis: In 2002, Kerry voted to authorize the President "to use force, if necessary, to disarm Saddam Hussein", but warned that the administration should exhaust its diplomatic avenues before launching war.


Premise: What type of Tv startions replay AL=jazeera and CNN?

Hypothesis: Additionally, Somalia has several private television networks, including Horn Cable Television and Universal TV.


Premise: What is the climate of Bermuda?

Hypothesis: It has a subtropical climate.


Premise: When did the UN Security Council recommend that the Marshall Islands be allowed to join the UN?

Hypothesis: In international politics within the United Nations, the Marshall Islands has often voted consistently with the United States with respect to General Assembly resolutions.


Premise: How could dogs have helped with sanitation issues in camps?

Hypothesis: Humans would also have derived enormous benefit from the dogs associated with their camps.


Premise: What was ASCII inteded to be?

Hypothesis: From early in its development, ASCII was intended to be just one of several national variants of an international character code standard, ultimately published as ISO/IEC 646 (1972), which would share most characters in common but assign other locally useful characters to several code points reserved for "national use."


Premise: What position was held by James Forrestal?

Hypothesis: Two months later he fell ill, and he spent over a month in recovery at the Augusta National Golf Club.


Premise: When did Karl Heinrich Ulrichs develop this classification scheme?

Hypothesis: The classification scheme, which was meant only to describe males, separated them into three basic categories: dionings, urnings and uranodionings.


Premise: What species had evolved after  the extinction and would become the basic predator in the Triassic?

Hypothesis: The most common life on earth were Lystrosaurus, Labyrinthodont, and Euparkeria along with many other creatures that managed to survive the Great Dying.


Premise: In which year did the taifa period end?

Hypothesis: Most of Portugal fell into the hands of the Taifa of Badajoz of the Aftasid Dynasty, and after a short spell of an ephemeral Taifa of Lisbon in 1022, fell under the dominion of the Taifa of Seville of the Abbadids poets.


Premise: What were universal motor pole pieces constructed from?

Hypothesis: In this application, the use of AC to power a motor originally designed to run on DC would lead to efficiency losses due to eddy current heating of their magnetic components, particularly the motor field pole-pieces that, for DC, would have used solid (un-laminated) iron and they are now rarely used.


Premise: When did the change from Old Iranian to Middle Iranian occur?

Hypothesis: Of the Old Iranian languages, the better understood and recorded ones are Old Persian (a language of Achaemenid Iran) and Avestan (the language of the Avesta).


Premise: Who settled in parts of England?

Hypothesis: The Polabian language survived until the beginning of the 19th century in what is now the German state of Lower Saxony.


Premise: What is the name of a type of dual purpose fighter-bomber aircraft used by the US Air Force?

Hypothesis: Many of these fighters have secondary ground-attack capabilities, and some are dual-roled as fighter-bombers (e.g., the F-16 Fighting Falcon); the term "fighter" is also sometimes used colloquially for dedicated ground-attack aircraft.


Premise: What is the Rome Laboratory?

Hypothesis: The intruders were able to obtain classified files, such as air tasking order systems data and furthermore able to penetrate connected networks of National Aeronautics and Space Administration's Goddard Space Flight Center, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, some Defense contractors, and other private sector organizations, by posing as a trusted Rome center user.


Premise: What modern country did Ibn Sina travel to after the end of the Samanid dynasty?

Hypothesis: Ibn Sina seems to have declined the offers of Mahmud of Ghazni, and proceeded westwards to Urgench in modern Turkmenistan, where the vizier, regarded as a friend of scholars, gave him a small monthly stipend.


Premise: When was the activity of desktop publishing first used?

Hypothesis: Initially, desktop publishing was unique to the Macintosh, but eventually became available for other platforms.


Premise: Some passages of what Canon support the idea of intermediate stages?

Hypothesis: The orthodox Theravada position rejects this; however there are passages in the Samyutta Nikaya of the Pali Canon that seem to lend support to the idea that the Buddha taught of an intermediate stage between one life and the next.[page needed]


Premise: What is an example of what states retain authority over?

Hypothesis: According to the German constitution (called Grundgesetz or in English Basic Law), some topics, such as foreign affairs and defense, are the exclusive responsibility of the federation (i.e., the federal level), while others fall under the shared authority of the states and the federation; the states retain residual legislative authority for all other areas, including "culture", which in Germany includes not only topics such as financial promotion of arts and sciences, but also most forms of education and job training.


Premise: When was the Kangxi Dictionary published?

Hypothesis: The Kangxi Emperor sponsored the Peiwen Yunfu, a rhyme dictionary published in 1711, and the Kangxi Dictionary published in 1716, which remains to this day an authoritative reference.


Premise: Who said that we should examine the impact a message has on the recipient of the message?

Hypothesis: Wilbur Schram (1954) also indicated that we should also examine the impact that a message has (both desired and undesired) on the target of the message.


Premise: Which type of guna is concened with passion and activity?

Hypothesis: Guna, it states, are of three types: Sattva being good, compassionate, illuminating, positive, and constructive; Rajas guna is one of activity, chaotic, passion, impulsive, potentially good or bad; and Tamas being the quality of darkness, ignorance, destructive, lethargic, negative.


Premise: What percentage of beer was sold in cans in Sweden in 2001?

Hypothesis: Many beers are sold in cans, though there is considerable variation in the proportion between different countries.


Premise: What was Pickford's group lacking to make it more like other research schools?

Hypothesis: Harrison's group is shown to have been a classic research school; Pickford's and Hutchinson's were not.


Premise: To whom was Georgics dedicated to?

Hypothesis: At Maecenas' insistence (according to the tradition) Virgil spent the ensuing years (perhaps 37–29 BC) on the long didactic hexameter poem called the Georgics (from Greek, "On Working the Earth") which he dedicated to Maecenas.


Premise: Who required no restrictions regarding God's power?

Hypothesis: There was much discussion of whether the air moved in quickly enough as the plates were separated, or, as Walter Burley postulated, whether a 'celestial agent' prevented the vacuum arising.


Premise: What part of Jesus' life is detailed in these gospels?

Hypothesis: All four Gospels conclude with an extended narrative of Jesus' arrest, trial, crucifixion, burial, and accounts of resurrection.


Premise: How many days is the incubation period for woodpeckers?

Hypothesis: Incubation, which optimises temperature for chick development, usually begins after the last egg has been laid.


Premise: As of 2012, prices for what commodity continued to drop?

Hypothesis: Fossil fuel subsidies, which are far higher than those for renewable energy, remain in place and quickly need to be phased out.


Premise: Do European Leagues sell their television rights per a collective level?

Hypothesis: This is in contrast to some other European Leagues, including La Liga, in which each club sells its rights individually, leading to a much higher share of the total income going to the top few clubs.


Premise: How much inflation did the Congo experience as a result of the devaluation of the Franc?

Hypothesis: January 12, 1994 devaluation of Franc Zone currencies by 50% resulted in inflation of 46% in 1994, but inflation has subsided since.


Premise: What did Avicenna hope to do through his work?

Hypothesis: His aim was to prove the existence of God and His creation of the world scientifically and through reason and logic.


Premise: Why did P. Christiaan Klieger believe that the Ming court supported high Tibetan lamas?

Hypothesis: P. Christiaan Klieger argues that the Ming court's patronage of high Tibetan lamas "was designed to help stabilize border regions and protect trade routes."


Premise: How much precipitation does the  Grinnell Glacier recieve?

Hypothesis: The mountains themselves can receive over 100 inches (2,500 mm), for example the Grinnell Glacier in Glacier National Park gets 105 inches (2,700 mm).


Premise: When was John born?

Hypothesis: John was born to Henry II of England and Eleanor of Aquitaine on 24 December 1166.


Premise: What did the use of pottery help early Japanese societies develop?

Hypothesis: Not all of these cultural elements characteristic of the Neolithic appeared everywhere in the same order: the earliest farming societies in the Near East did not use pottery.


Premise: What is the main performing arts venue in Egyptian capital?

Hypothesis: Modern and contemporary Egyptian art can be as diverse as any works in the world art scene, from the vernacular architecture of Hassan Fathy and Ramses Wissa Wassef, to Mahmoud Mokhtar's sculptures, to the distinctive Coptic iconography of Isaac Fanous.


Premise: What did the Spaniards and Incas destroy?

Hypothesis: Their architecture remains were later destroyed by Spaniards and the Incas.


Premise: Where does the digestions of some fats start?

Hypothesis: Digestion of some fats can begin in the mouth where lingual lipase breaks down some short chain lipids into diglycerides.


Premise: For what instrument did Frédéric write primarily for?

Hypothesis: Frédéric François Chopin (/ˈʃoʊpæn/; French pronunciation: [fʁe.de.ʁik fʁɑ̃.swa ʃɔ.pɛ̃]; 22 February or 1 March 1810 – 17 October 1849), born Fryderyk Franciszek Chopin,[n 1] was a Polish and French (by citizenship and birth of father) composer and a virtuoso pianist of the Romantic era, who wrote primarily for the solo piano.


Premise: Where was the East-West summit to have taken place?

Hypothesis: Four days after Powers disappeared, the Eisenhower Administration had NASA issue a very detailed press release noting that an aircraft had "gone missing" north of Turkey.


Premise: What event did Estonia compete in as a nation for the first time ever?

Hypothesis: Estonia has had very good success at the Olympic games given the country's small population.


Premise: How many people are in the vehicle for the AG2R Race?

Hypothesis: It is a boat race with boats of 10 m length with a single hull and with essential safety equipment.


Premise: In addition to a license to sell spirits, what did tavern owners require a license to sell?

Hypothesis: Tavern owners were required to possess a licence to sell ale, and a separate licence for distilled spirits.


Premise: What is the average amount of  yearly precipitation in Tuscon in inches?

Hypothesis: A similar scenario is seen in Alice Springs, Australia, which averages 11 inches (279.4 mm) a year, but has a desert climate.


Premise: What did the chefs ingredients in the Imperial Palace's kitchens?

Hypothesis: This diverse cuisine was honed in the Imperial Palace's kitchens by chefs brought from certain parts of the Empire to create and experiment with different ingredients.


Premise: He had a non-direct association with what?

Hypothesis: His works remain popular, and he has been the subject of numerous films and biographies of varying degrees of historical accuracy.


Premise: What drugs were related to a kickback scheme?

Hypothesis: Those and the drugs Imitrex, Lotronex, Flovent, and Valtrex were involved in the kickback scheme.


Premise: What day marked the beginning of New Haven being overwhelmed by 12,000 individuals protesting the Black Panther trials?

Hypothesis: Beginning on May Day, the city became a center of protest for 12,000 Panther supporters, college students, and New Left activists (including Jean Genet, Benjamin Spock, Abbie Hoffman, Jerry Rubin, and John Froines), who amassed on the New Haven Green, across the street from where the trials were being held.


Premise: How many Grand Lodges and Grand Orients are listed in the CLIPSAS list?

Hypothesis: The United Grand Lodge of England does not communicate with any of these jurisdictions, and expects its allies to follow suit.


Premise: With which Roman God was Portugal associated with?

Hypothesis: Portuguese wines have enjoyed international recognition since the times of the Romans, who associated Portugal with their god Bacchus.