Premise: When was Herter born?

Hypothesis: In 1899, the memorial, by the Berlin sculptor Ernst Gustav Herter (1846–1917), finally came to rest, although subject to repeated vandalism, in the Bronx, at 164th Street and the Grand Concourse, or Joyce Kilmer Park near today's Yankee Stadium.


Premise: Where were the 9/11 planes originally going?

Hypothesis: On the morning of 11 September 2001, 19 men affiliated with al-Qaeda hijacked four airliners all bound for California.


Premise: Who made the Apollo Belvedere?

Hypothesis: Apollo as a handsome beardless young man, is often depicted with a kithara (as Apollo Citharoedus) or bow in his hand, or reclining on a tree (the Apollo Lykeios and Apollo Sauroctonos types).


Premise: What is a common name to reference the mural created by Millard Sheets at Notre Dame?

Hypothesis: The front of the library is adorned with the Word of Life mural designed by artist Millard Sheets.


Premise: What were the Mongols trying to reclaim?

Hypothesis: He adds that the Ming court's lack of concern for Tibet was one of the reasons why the Mongols pounced on the chance to reclaim their old vassal of Tibet and "fill once more the political vacuum in that country.


Premise: What does each codon correspond to?

Hypothesis: There are 64 possible codons (four possible nucleotides at each of three positions, hence 43 possible codons) and only 20 standard amino acids; hence the code is redundant and multiple codons can specify the same amino acid.


Premise: What name was Victoria referred to as on only the first day of her reign?

Hypothesis: Lord Conyngham then acquainted me that my poor Uncle, the King, was no more, and had expired at 12 minutes past 2 this morning, and consequently that I am Queen."


Premise: Where were ORNL's results verified?

Hypothesis: There have been experiments to extract uranium from sea water, but the yield has been low due to the carbonate present in the water.


Premise: What type of food are grapes?

Hypothesis: Grapes are a type of fruit that grow in clusters of 15 to 300, and can be crimson, black, dark blue, yellow, green, orange, and pink.


Premise: PAL, SECAM, and NTSC frame rates do not apply to what broadcasts?

Hypothesis: However, with the roll out of digital broadcasting, and later HDTV broadcasting, countries retained their heritage systems.


Premise: Why did the last Ming Emperor commit suicide?

Hypothesis: The Qing dynasty (1644–1911) was founded after the fall of the Ming, the last Han Chinese dynasty, by the Manchus.


Premise: What event led to decreased Russian support for China?

Hypothesis: His earlier military reputation in Europe was effective with the Chinese.


Premise: When did the Roman religion that is generally identified with the republic first established?

Hypothesis: In a sense, each household was a temple to the gods.


Premise: Where is chattista performed?

Hypothesis: There is also a form of musical poetry known as chattista which is often performed at traditional feasts and celebrations.


Premise: In what year did Han forces stop a joint Xiongnu-Qiang invasion?

Hypothesis: They repelled a joint Xiongnu-Qiang invasion of this northwestern territory in 111 BC.


Premise: In addition to international shipping, what other industry does the Warsash Maritime Academy prepare students for?

Hypothesis: Southampton Solent University has 17,000 students and its strengths are in the training, design, consultancy, research and other services undertaken for business and industry.


Premise: How much revenue is generated yearly by London's public bus service?

Hypothesis: Around £850 million is taken in revenue each year.


Premise: Where is the birthplace of Antun Augustincic?

Hypothesis: In the Croatian coastal city of Opatija the main street (also its longest street) still bears the name of Marshal Tito, as do streets in numerous towns in Serbia, mostly in the country's north.


Premise: What part of Switzerland has a particularly high number of fine-dining establishments?

Hypothesis: While some dishes such as fondue, raclette or rösti are omnipresent through the country, each region developed its own gastronomy according to the differences of climate and languages.


Premise: What does the YAG phosphor coating produce?

Hypothesis: In this device a Y_3Al_5O_12:Ce (known as "YAG") phosphor coating on the emitter absorbs some of the blue emission and produces yellow light through fluorescence.


Premise: The Times was the first newspaper to send correspondents to what kind of event?

Hypothesis: The Times was the first newspaper to send war correspondents to cover particular conflicts.


Premise: John marched against who in January 1216?

Hypothesis: John took back Alexander's possessions in northern England in a rapid campaign and pushed up towards Edinburgh over a ten-day period.


Premise: Who handed out gifts in the promotion of Greek culture and religion?

Hypothesis: Promotion of immigration from Greece was important in the establishment of this system.


Premise: What topic did Hayek never write a book about as he said he would?

Hypothesis: Hayek never produced the book-length treatment of "the dynamics of capital" that he had promised in the Pure Theory of Capital.


Premise: Who was the head of state of Swaziland after King Sobhuza II

Hypothesis: A regency followed his death, with Queen Regent Dzeliwe Shongwe being head of state until 1984 when she was removed by Liqoqo and replaced by Queen Mother Ntfombi Tfwala.


Premise: What was the only language Victoria spoke at home?

Hypothesis: Her mother was extremely protective, and Victoria was raised largely isolated from other children under the so-called "Kensington System", an elaborate set of rules and protocols devised by the Duchess and her ambitious and domineering comptroller, Sir John Conroy, who was rumoured to be the Duchess's lover.


Premise: When did Father Jose Manuel Perez Castellano die?

Hypothesis: Its promoter, director and organizer was Father Dámaso Antonio Larrañaga, who also made a considerable donation along with donations from José Raimundo Guerra, as well as others from the Convent of San Francisco in Salta.


Premise: Who held the Fourth Council of the Lateran?

Hypothesis: The decree of the Council of Trent is worded more mildly: "Let clerics abstain from illicit hunting and hawking" (Sess.


Premise: What does the 5th Amendment protect against?

Hypothesis: In Miranda the court created safeguards against self-incriminating statements made after an arrest.


Premise: What is the range of Melbourne's dewpoint temperatures in the summer?

Hypothesis: Port Phillip is often warmer than the surrounding oceans and/or the land mass, particularly in spring and autumn; this can set up a "bay effect" similar to the "lake effect" seen in colder climates where showers are intensified leeward of the bay.


Premise: In 2008, what was the average attendance for an AFL game?

Hypothesis: In 2008, the overall attendance average increased to 12,957, with eight teams exceeding 13,000 per game.


Premise: Keith Richards is the guitarist of what band?

Hypothesis: From 1967 Jeff Beck brought lead guitar to new heights of technical virtuosity and moved blues rock in the direction of heavy rock with his band, The Jeff Beck Group.


Premise: Who believed Christ's atonement only extended to the elect?

Hypothesis: Baptist practice spread to England, where the General Baptists considered Christ's atonement to extend to all people, while the Particular Baptists believed that it extended only to the elect.


Premise: How many votes were cast for the finale?

Hypothesis: Out of a total of 24 million votes, Studdard finished just 134,000 votes ahead of Aiken.


Premise: What country did the merchants the traders did trade with come from?

Hypothesis: Indian traders came to the archipelago both for its abundant forest and maritime products and to trade with merchants from China, who also discovered the Malay world at an early date.


Premise: When did the Royal Institute and ARB reach accord on a shared body of criteria?

Hypothesis: RIBA Visiting Boards continue to assess courses for exemption from the RIBA's examinations in architecture.


Premise: What year did the "Stupid Motorist Law" come in effect?

Hypothesis: Arizona traffic code Title 28-910, the so-called "Stupid Motorist Law", was instituted in 1995 to discourage people from entering flooded roadways.


Premise: What compound was discovered to induce sleep?

Hypothesis: The discovery was patented and licensed to Bayer pharmaceuticals, which marketed the compound under the trade name Veronal as a sleep aid beginning in 1904.


Premise: Which Democratic nominee declared his intention to enter into the presidential race, in the fall of 2003?

Hypothesis: This weakness was apparent in his first few debates, although he soon presented a range of position papers, including a major tax-relief plan.


Premise: La Monica Ballroom used to be what type of ballroom in the United States?

Hypothesis: The La Monica Ballroom on the pier was once the largest ballroom in the US and the source for many New Year's Eve national network broadcasts.


Premise: What is West Raleigh the home of?

Hypothesis: The area is bordered to the west by suburban Cary.


Premise: What percentage of people in 2014 had no religion?

Hypothesis: In 2014, 24% self-identified with no organized religious affiliation.


Premise: What device did James Hargreaves invent?

Hypothesis: In 1738, Lewis Paul and John Wyatt, of Birmingham, England, patented the roller spinning machine, as well as the flyer-and-bobbin system for drawing cotton to a more even thickness using two sets of rollers that traveled at different speeds.


Premise: In what year was Louis-Phillipe over thrown?

Hypothesis: Louis-Philippe was overthrown by a popular uprising in the streets of Paris in 1848.


Premise: Do adolescents or children understand puns, proverbs, metaphors, and analogies most effectively?

Hypothesis: Their increased facility permits them to appreciate the ways in which language can be used to convey multiple messages, such as satire, metaphor, and sarcasm.


Premise: What is a kabob?

Hypothesis: Other famous Armenian foods include the kabob (a skewer of marinated roasted meat and vegetables), various dolmas (minced lamb, or beef meat and rice wrapped in grape leaves, cabbage leaves, or stuffed into hollowed vegetables), and pilaf, a rice dish.


Premise: What standard of living does Estonia rank well in?

Hypothesis: A developed country with an advanced, high-income economy and high living standards, Estonia ranks very high in the Human Development Index, and performs favourably in measurements of economic freedom, civil liberties, education, and press freedom (third in the world in 2012).


Premise: When did the FAA decide to expand passengers use of portable elctronic devices during all phases of flight?

Hypothesis: The FAA expects many carriers to show that their planes allow passengers to safely use their devices in airplane mode, gate-to-gate, by the end of 2013.


Premise: What famous panda was killed under the rubble?

Hypothesis: The missing panda was later found dead under the rubble of an enclosure.


Premise: During the summer in Nome, about how many hours ahead of the sun do they set their clocks?

Hypothesis: Double daylight saving time has been used on occasion; for example, it was used in some European countries during and shortly after World War II when it was referred to as "Double Summer Time".


Premise: Britain sent troops to aid Portugal.  What was the result?

Hypothesis: Eventually the Anglo-Portuguese army, aided by guerrillas and practicing a scorched earth strategy, chased the greatly reduced Franco-Spanish army back to Spain, recovering almost all the lost towns, among them the Spanish headquarters in Castelo Branco full of wounded and sick that had been left behind.


Premise: What ethnicity is growing the quickest in New York City?

Hypothesis: Hispanics of any race represented 28.6% of the population, while Asians constituted the fastest-growing segment of the city's population between 2000 and 2010; the non-Hispanic white population declined 3 percent, the smallest recorded decline in decades; and for the first time since the Civil War, the number of blacks declined over a decade.


Premise: What console boasted compatibility with the Wii?

Hypothesis: Transferring GameCube development to the Wii was relatively simple, since the Wii was being created to be compatible with the GameCube.[o]


Premise: Who did Diadochi plan to marry?

Hypothesis: Ptolemy came to terms with Perdiccas's murderers, making Peithon and Arrhidaeus regents in his place, but soon these came to a new agreement with Antipater at the Treaty of Triparadisus.


Premise: Do incandescent light bulbs use more or less energy as compared to CFLs and LED lamps?

Hypothesis: In the Europe the EC has calculated that the ban contributes 5 to 10 billion euros to the economy and saves 40 TWh of electricity every year, translating in CO2 emission reductions of 15 million tonnes.


Premise: Up until Napoleaoic regimes, what style remained popular in Italy?

Hypothesis: In France, the first phase of neoclassicism was expressed in the "Louis XVI style", and the second in the styles called "Directoire" or Empire.


Premise: What is the H.323 technique also known as?

Hypothesis: The advantages of this technique are that the video and audio will generally be of higher quality because they don't have to be relayed through a central point.


Premise: What was the title of the documentary the BBC released?

Hypothesis: The Women Behind The Music (2010), and in a 2010 documentary realised by Angelo Bozzolini and Roberto Prosseda for Italian television.


Premise: How many troops did Marshal Murat lead into Spain?

Hypothesis: The shocking French defeat at the Battle of Bailén in July gave hope to Napoleon's enemies and partly persuaded the French emperor to intervene in person.


Premise: As of September 2012, how many species had been delisted due to recovery?

Hypothesis: As of September 2012, fifty-six species have been delisted; twenty-eight due to recovery, ten due to extinction (seven of which are believed to have been extinct prior to being listed), ten due to changes in taxonomic classification practices, six due to discovery of new populations, one due to an error in the listing rule, and one due to an amendment to the Endangered Species Act specifically requiring the species delisting.


Premise: Who won at Balakot?

Hypothesis: In a major battle near the town of Balakot in 1831, Sayyid Ahmad and Shah Ismail Shaheed with volunteer Muslims were defeated by the professional Sikh Army.


Premise: Which Canadian group embraced Georgian architecture as a sign of fealty to Britain?

Hypothesis: In Montreal, English born architect John Ostell worked on a significant number of remarkable constructions in the Georgian style such as the Old Montreal Custom House and the Grand séminaire de Montréal.


Premise: Around how many units could be expected to be contained within a cohort?

Hypothesis: The cohort was therefore a much larger unit than the earlier maniple sub-unit, and was divided into six centuries of 80 men each.


Premise: What percentage of Palermo residents were female in 2010?

Hypothesis: In 2010, there were 1.2 million people living in the greater Palermo area, 655,875 of which resided in the City boundaries, of whom 47.4% were male and 52.6% were female.


Premise: What was the new name given to ARCUK in the '90s?

Hypothesis: The change of name to "Architects Registration Board" was one of the proposals which was later enacted in the Housing Grants, Construction and Regeneration Act 1996 and reenacted as the Architects Act 1997; another was the abolition of the ARCUK Board of Architectural Education.


Premise: Who did the Fusion fighters find themselves in battle with?

Hypothesis: Forming Team Fusion Fighters (Team Xros Heart in Japan), Mikey, Shoutmon and their friends travel through the Digital World to liberate it from the evil Bagra Army, led by Bagramon(Lord Bagra in English), and Midnight, a shady group led by AxeKnightmon with Nene as a figurehead before joining the Fusion Fighters.


Premise: Who is the movie Donnie Brasco based on?

Hypothesis: The 1991 movie Point Break is based on the true story of an undercover FBI agent who infiltrated a gang of bank robbers.


Premise: When did many of the largest mobile phone manufacturers sign an EC-sponsored MoU?

Hypothesis: In June 2009, many of the world's largest mobile phone manufacturers signed an EC-sponsored Memorandum of Understanding (MoU), agreeing to make most data-enabled mobile phones marketed in the European Union compatible with a common External Power Supply (EPS).


Premise: What court case affirmed the mandates of the first and seventh sections of Article I of the Constitution?

Hypothesis: I, § 1—requiring all legislative powers to be vested in a Congress consisting of a Senate and a House of Representatives—and § 7—requiring every bill passed by the House and Senate, before becoming law, to be presented to the president, and, if he disapproves, to be repassed by two-thirds of the Senate and House—represents the Framers' decision that the legislative power of the Federal Government be exercised in accord with a single, finely wrought and exhaustively considered procedure.


Premise: What was the original stimuli for creating the website?

Hypothesis: Karim did not attend the party and denied that it had occurred, but Chen commented that the idea that YouTube was founded after a dinner party "was probably very strengthened by marketing ideas around creating a story that was very digestible".


Premise: When did the UN Security Council order Syria's chemical weapons be destroyed?

Hypothesis: On September 28, the UN Security Council passed a resolution ordering the destruction of Syria's chemical weapons and condemning the August 21 Ghouta attack.


Premise: Who pointed out that "if copyright were a natural right nothing could justify terminating this right after a certain period of time"?

Hypothesis: He mentions that "if copyright were a natural right nothing could justify terminating this right after a certain period of time".


Premise: What do the Somalis call incense burners?

Hypothesis: After meals, homes are traditionally perfumed using frankincense (lubaan) or incense (cuunsi), which is prepared inside an incense burner referred to as a dabqaad.


Premise: How many Grammy awards did Beyoncé win for her first solo album?

Hypothesis: Their hiatus saw the release of Beyoncé's debut album, Dangerously in Love (2003), which established her as a solo artist worldwide, earned five Grammy Awards and featured the Billboard Hot 100 number-one singles "Crazy in Love" and "Baby Boy".


Premise: What is included in or accompanies in "critical edition"?

Hypothesis: This contains the text that the author has determined most closely approximates the original, and is accompanied by an apparatus criticus or critical apparatus.


Premise: When was Arsenal's match the first to be televised live?

Hypothesis: Arsenal also featured in the first edition of the BBC's Match of the Day, which screened highlights of their match against Liverpool at Anfield on 22 August 1964.


Premise: What was the name of the government Gaddafi set up after overthrowing the monarchy?

Hypothesis: Gaddafi insisted that the Free Officers' coup represented a revolution, marking the start of widespread change in the socio-economic and political nature of Libya.


Premise: Which campaign does Beyoncé contribute to that encourages leadership in females?

Hypothesis: In an interview published by Vogue in April 2013, Beyoncé was asked if she considers herself a feminist, to which she said, "that word can be very extreme...


Premise: What covers crimes of human against human?

Hypothesis: Tort law covers the entire imaginable spectrum of wrongs which humans can inflict upon each other, and of course, partially overlaps with wrongs also punishable by criminal law.


Premise: The outbreak of the Indian Revolution took place in what year?

Hypothesis: The outbreak of the Indian Revolution in 1857 shifted attention to the heroic defense of British interest by the army, and further talk of reform went nowhere.


Premise: Along with the docks and grain mills, what crop has been processed in Southampton for a long time?

Hypothesis: These now exist alongside the city's older industries of the docks, grain milling, and tobacco processing.


Premise: What individuals can take part in the Umhlanga Reed Dance?

Hypothesis: In the eight-day ceremony, girls cut reeds and present them to the queen mother and then dance.


Premise: When were the militias in Bermuda disbanded?

Hypothesis: The Bermuda government maintained a local militia.


Premise: What is this forced type of study called?

Hypothesis: Studies by Nathaniel Kleitman in 1938 and by Derk-Jan Dijk and Charles Czeisler in the 1990s put human subjects on enforced 28-hour sleep–wake cycles, in constant dim light and with other time cues suppressed, for over a month.


Premise: How many Israelis lived in Golan Heights settlements?

Hypothesis: In 2011, there were 250,000 Jews living in East Jerusalem.


Premise: What does the term "Second Hundred Years' War" describe?

Hypothesis: The term "Second Hundred Years' War" has been used in order to describe the almost continuous level of world-wide conflict during the entire 18th century, reminiscent of the more famous and compact struggle of the 14th century.


Premise: Between which latitudes to mountains tend to have permanent snow?

Hypothesis: Between 19˚N and 19˚S, however, precipitation is higher and the mountains above 5,000 m (16,400 ft) usually have permanent snow.


Premise: On which sutras did the Vedanta school focus?

Hypothesis: The Vedānta school built upon the teachings of the Upanishads and Brahma Sutras from the first millennium BCE and is the most developed and well-known of the Hindu schools.


Premise: What are Airmen expected to be competent in for these Building Partnerships missions?

Hypothesis: To better facilitate partnering efforts, Airmen should be competent in the relevant language, region, and culture.


Premise: What are the estimations of how many schoolrooms collapsed?

Hypothesis: Due to the one-child policy, many families lost their only child when schools in the region collapsed during the earthquake.


Premise: What has been found along the current Route des Romains?

Hypothesis: Many Roman artifacts have also been found along the current Route des Romains, the road that led to Argentoratum, in the suburb of Kœnigshoffen.


Premise: The Mediterranean sea is a remaining part of which sea from the Eocene?

Hypothesis: In Europe, the Tethys Sea finally vanished, while the uplift of the Alps isolated its final remnant, the Mediterranean, and created another shallow sea with island archipelagos to the north.


Premise: When did the Slavic solidarity movement choose red blue and white as their colors?

Hypothesis: Red, blue, and white are also the Pan-Slavic colors adopted by the Slavic solidarity movement of the late nineteenth century.


Premise: What type of pump appeared in the 15th century?

Hypothesis: The suction pump later appeared in Europe from the 15th century.


Premise: In what country did Dominic experience a great famine?

Hypothesis: During his studies in Palencia, Spain, he experienced a dreadful famine, prompting Dominic to sell all of his beloved books and other equipment to help his neighbors.


Premise: What consolated party was formed from several Nasserist groups?

Hypothesis: On 19 September 2012, four Nasserist parties (the ADNP, Karama, the National Conciliation Party, and the Popular Nasserist Congress Party) merged to form the United Nasserist Party.


Premise: Why should lactating women increase their water consumption?

Hypothesis: The EFSA panel proposes that pregnant women should consume the same volume of water as non-pregnant women, plus an increase in proportion to the higher energy requirement, equal to 300 mL/day.


Premise: What percentage of people voted on March 26?

Hypothesis: In the March 26 general elections, voter participation was an impressive 89.8%, and 1,958 (including 1,225 district seats) of the 2,250 CPD seats were filled.


Premise: In the Non-Aligned Movement, which Egyptian leader did Tito work with?

Hypothesis: He gained further international attention as the chief leader of the Non-Aligned Movement, working with Jawaharlal Nehru of India, Gamal Abdel Nasser of Egypt and Sukarno of Indonesia.


Premise: When did the Cuban Missile crisis happen?

Hypothesis: International crises arose, such as the Berlin Blockade (1948–1949), the Korean War (1950–1953), the Berlin Crisis of 1961, the Vietnam War (1959–1975), the Cuban Missile Crisis (1962), the Soviet war in Afghanistan (1979–1989) and NATO exercises in November 1983.


Premise: Who translated the Bible to German?

Hypothesis: The period preceding, and contemporary with, the Protestant Reformation saw the translation of the Bible into local European languages—a development that contributed to Western Christianity's split into Roman Catholicism and Protestantism due to disparities between Catholic and Protestant versions of crucial words and passages (although the Protestant movement was largely based on other things, such as a perceived need for reformation of the Roman Catholic Church to eliminate corruption).


Premise: Which Florida county is Miami located in?

Hypothesis: According to the U.S. Census Bureau, Miami's metro area is the eighth-most populous and fourth-largest urban area in the United States, with a population of around 5.5 million.


Premise: When did conventional carriers start recovering aircraft at an angle to port of the axial line of the ship?

Hypothesis: Since the early 1950s on conventional carriers it has been the practice to recover aircraft at an angle to port of the axial line of the ship.


Premise: The construction of Connaught Place was completed in what year?

Hypothesis: The New Delhi Railway Station opened in 1926 with a single platform at Ajmeri Gate near Paharganj and was completed in time for the city's inauguration in 1931.


Premise: Along with Broadway, what New York thoroughfare is associated with Broadway musicals?

Hypothesis: The advent of electric lighting led to elaborate theater productions, and in the 1880s, New York City theaters on Broadway and along 42nd Street began featuring a new stage form that became known as the Broadway musical.


Premise: Where was the radio station KMXB based in 1997?

Hypothesis: In 1997, Mike Marino of KMXB in Las Vegas described the format as reaching "an audience that has outgrown the edgier hip-hop or alternative music but hasn't gotten old and sappy enough for the soft ACs."


Premise: Why did the Chinese PLA Navy need 4-5 years for Liaoning to reach full capacity?

Hypothesis: As it is a training ship, Liaoning is not assigned to any of China's operation fleets.


Premise: Who felt that the government was involved in the website?

Hypothesis: On April 4, it was reported that the Chinese government appeared to be running an anti-CNN website that criticizes the cable network’s coverage of recent events.


Premise: How many brothers did Giovanni have?

Hypothesis: His father Giorgio Montini was a lawyer, journalist, director of the Catholic Action and member of the Italian Parliament.


Premise: What is their gross domestic product status?

Hypothesis: The country's per-capita gross domestic product is one of the lowest in the world.


Premise: Between what avenues is 21st Street known by Police Officer Anthony Sanchez Way?

Hypothesis: Between Second and Third Avenues, 21st Street is alternatively known as Police Officer Anthony Sanchez Way.


Premise: What genre was 'True Love'?

Hypothesis: The show starred Ted Danson as Dr. John Becker, a doctor who operated a small practice and was constantly annoyed by his patients, co-workers, friends, and practically everything and everybody else in his world.


Premise: What company first created the full aperture can for beer?

Hypothesis: A technology developed by Crown Holdings for the 2010 FIFA World Cup is the 'full aperture' can, so named because the entire lid is removed during the opening process, turning the can into a drinking cup.


Premise: On what date was George York executed?

Hypothesis: The last use of the gallows between 1608 and the moratorium was when Kansas hanged George York on June 22, 1965.


Premise: What is the name of Shell's subsidiary in the United States?

Hypothesis: It has minor renewable energy activities in the form of biofuels and wind.


Premise: Even though USB 3.0's 4.5 W is sometimes insufficient to power external hard drives, technology is what?

Hypothesis: (power over eSATA; aka ESATA/USB) is a connector introduced in 2009 that supplies power to attached devices using a new, backward compatible, connector.


Premise: Who is said to be the builder of the labyrinth?

Hypothesis: The animistic idea as the representation of the imaginative reality, is sanctified in the Homeric poems and in Greek myths, in stories of the god Hephaestus (Phaistos) and the mythic Daedalus (the builder of the labyrinth) that made images which moved of their own accord.


Premise: Where is CBC available for free?

Hypothesis: CBC HD is available nationally via satellite and on digital cable as well as for free over-the-air using a regular TV antenna and a digital tuner (included in most new television sets) on the following channels:


Premise: When did Kerry and his wife get an annullment?

Hypothesis: After 14 years as a political wife, I associated politics only with anger, fear and loneliness" she wrote in A Change of Heart, her book about depression.


Premise: How many casualties did the French suffer at the Battle of Ulm?

Hypothesis: After some minor engagements that culminated in the Battle of Ulm, Mack finally surrendered after realizing that there was no way to break out of the French encirclement.


Premise: How many actual people were used for the opening sequence of Spectre?

Hypothesis: In February 2015 over fifteen hundred extras were hired for the pre-title sequence set in Mexico, though they were duplicated in the film, giving the effect of around ten thousand extras.


Premise: Who was the first elector from Hanover to sit on the British throne?

Hypothesis: The first of these was George I Louis, who acceded to the British throne in 1714.


Premise: Polish szlachta usually incorporated who?

Hypothesis: Poland's nobility were also more numerous than those of all other European countries, constituting some 10–12% of the total population of historic Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth also some 10–12% among ethnic Poles on ethnic Polish lands (part of Commonwealth), but up to 25% of all Poles worldwide (szlachta could dispose more of resources to travels and/or conquering),


Premise: What was the new sytle of mandolins inspired from?

Hypothesis: Gibson mandolins evolved into two basic styles: the Florentine or F-style, which has a decorative scroll near the neck, two points on the lower body and usually a scroll carved into the headstock; and the A-style, which is pear shaped, has no points and usually has a simpler headstock.


Premise: In what device was videoconferencing finally able to be used in?

Hypothesis: In 1995 the first public videoconference between North America and Africa took place, linking a technofair in San Francisco with a techno-rave and cyberdeli in Cape Town.


Premise: How much oil can the Trans-Alaska Pipeline transport per day?

Hypothesis: Alaska also offers some of the highest hydroelectric power potential in the country from its numerous rivers.


Premise: When were sensors initially developed?

Hypothesis: Initially sensors were optical and acoustic devices developed during the First World War and continued into the 1930s, but were quickly superseded by radar, which in turn was supplemented by optronics in the 1980s.


Premise: During which century were important Buddhist notions translated to Chinese?

Hypothesis: Important Buddhist canons were translated into Chinese during the 2nd century AD, including the Sutra of Forty-two Chapters, Perfection of Wisdom, Shurangama Sutra, and Pratyutpanna Sutra.


Premise: What article in the Namibia constitution supports natural conservation?

Hypothesis: Namibia is one of few countries in the world to specifically address conservation and protection of natural resources in its constitution.


Premise: When was the most recent constitution of the Marshall Islands adopted?

Hypothesis: Four of the five Marshallese presidents who have been elected since the Constitution was adopted in 1979 have been traditional paramount chiefs.


Premise: Schumann described Chopin's music as cannons buried in what?

Hypothesis: Chopin's works are cannon buried in flowers!"


Premise: How many undergrads were attending Notre Dame in 2014?

Hypothesis: In 2014 the Notre Dame student body consisted of 12,179 students, with 8,448 undergraduates, 2,138 graduate and professional and 1,593 professional (Law, M.Div., Business, M.Ed.)


Premise: What is the name of the municipal government by which New Delhi is governed?

Hypothesis: New Delhi is governed through a municipal government, known as the New Delhi Municipal Council (NDMC).


Premise: What did Nasser do about his position as President?

Hypothesis: He announced his resignation on television later that day, and ceded all presidential powers to his then-Vice President Zakaria Mohieddin, who had no prior information of this decision and refused to accept the post.


Premise: If you're around someone with active TB, what's the chance you'll contract it expressed as a percentage?

Hypothesis: If someone does become infected, it typically takes three to four weeks before the newly infected person becomes infectious enough to transmit the disease to others.


Premise: What year do some researchers say marked the point when Old Dutch morphed?

Hypothesis: The year 1150 is often cited as the time of the discontinuity, but it actually marks a time of profuse Dutch writing and during this period a rich Medieval Dutch literature developed.


Premise: What is the name of the group that reported the information regarding the populace in Burma ?

Hypothesis: According to the The World Factbook, the Burman population is 68% and the ethnic groups constitute 32%.


Premise: Athanasius was also known as what?

Hypothesis: He was known as "Athanasius Contra Mundum" (Latin for Athanasius Against the World).


Premise: What pub has the shortest name in the United Kingdom?

Hypothesis: The town of Stalybridge in Cheshire is thought to have the pubs with both the longest and shortest names in the United Kingdom —


Premise: What other writer showed a transition to the Renaissance?

Hypothesis: Martorell's outstanding novel of chivalry Tirant lo Blanc (1490) shows a transition from Medieval to Renaissance values, something that can also be seen in Metge's work.


Premise: How many major Christian kingdoms existed in Iberia around 1150?

Hypothesis: By about 1150, the Christian north had coalesced into the five major kingdoms of León, Castile, Aragon, Navarre, and Portugal.


Premise: Who began to host Essentials Jr. in 2011?

Hypothesis: "Funday Night at the Movies" was replaced in 2008 by "Essentials Jr.", a youth-oriented version of its weekly series The Essentials (originally hosted by actors Abigail Breslin and Chris O'Donnell, then by John Lithgow from 2009 to 2011, and then by Bill Hader starting with the 2011 season), which included such family-themed films as National Velvet, Captains Courageous and Yours, Mine and Ours, as well as more eclectic selections as Sherlock, Jr., The Music Box, Harvey, Mutiny on the Bounty and The Man


Premise: What country borders south Estonia?

Hypothesis: It is bordered to the north by the Gulf of Finland, to the west by the Baltic Sea, to the south by Latvia (343 km), and to the east by Lake Peipus and Russia (338.6 km).


Premise: How did senators attempt to gain the favor of the tribunes?

Hypothesis: As the tribunes and the senators grew closer, plebeian senators were often able to secure the tribunate for members of their own families.


Premise: What is the name of the middle school that Madonna attended?

Hypothesis: She attended St. Frederick's and St. Andrew's Catholic Elementary Schools, and West Middle School.


Premise: What was the prototype for the Ferranti Mark 1?

Hypothesis: The Mark 1 in turn quickly became the prototype for the Ferranti Mark 1, the world's first commercially available general-purpose computer.


Premise: What is the term for the idea of ultimately nothing has existance?

Hypothesis: The Buddha's death is seen as an illusion, he is living on in other planes of existence, and monks are therefore permitted to offer "new truths" based on his input.


Premise: What is the term for stealing food items from other birds?

Hypothesis: Kleptoparasitism is thought to be a supplement to food obtained by hunting, rather than a significant part of any species' diet; a study of great frigatebirds stealing from masked boobies estimated that the frigatebirds stole at most 40% of their food and on average stole only 5%.


Premise: When was the Kalmar Union formed?

Hypothesis: After the failed union of Sweden and Norway of 1319–1365, the pan-Scandinavian Kalmar Union was instituted in 1397.


Premise: What part of a two step sequence can a 6 month old remember?

Hypothesis: It is only by 9 months of age that infants can recall the actions of a two-step sequence in the correct temporal order - that is, recalling step 1 and then step 2.


Premise: What was the name of this son?

Hypothesis: In 1063, Ferdinand I of Castile divided his realm among his sons, and the Kingdom of Galicia was granted to Garcia II of Galicia.


Premise: What was instituted to serve as a lower award granting recipients affiliation?

Hypothesis: At the foundation of the Order, the "Medal of the Order of the British Empire" was instituted, to serve as a lower award granting recipients affiliation but not membership.


Premise: Why did Victoria's family disapprove of Abdul Karim?

Hypothesis: Her family and retainers were appalled, and accused Abdul Karim of spying for the Muslim Patriotic League, and biasing the Queen against the Hindus.


Premise: Besides serving Washington, Idaho, and Montana, what northern state uses Seattle Children's?

Hypothesis: Located in the Laurelhurst neighborhood, Seattle Children's, formerly Children's Hospital and Regional Medical Center, is the pediatric referral center for Washington, Alaska, Montana, and Idaho.


Premise: Where was the lowest amount of U.S. dollars lost?

Hypothesis: According to the study's results, the five countries with the lowest piracy rates were: 1.


Premise: Who created the Scheinergrade system?

Hypothesis: The Scheinergrade (Sch.) system was devised by the German astronomer Julius Scheiner (1858–1913) in 1894 originally as a method of comparing the speeds of plates used for astronomical photography.


Premise: What type of pain are first degree burns classified as causing?

Hypothesis: Superficial pain is initiated by activation of nociceptors in the skin or other superficial tissue, and is sharp, well-defined and clearly located.


Premise: Who produced Rabbit of Seville?

Hypothesis: Notable examples are Walt Disney's Fantasia, Tom and Jerry's Johann Mouse, and Warner Bros.' Rabbit of Seville and What's Opera, Doc?.


Premise: Along with Richard Marx, Bonnie Tyler, George Michael, Phil Collins, and Laura Branigan, what artist was also frequently played on Contemporary Hit Radio stations?

Hypothesis: However, with the combination of MTV and AC radio, adult contemporary appeared harder to define as a genre, with established soft-rock artists of the past still charting pop hits and receiving airplay alongside mainstream radio fare from newer artists at the time.


Premise: How many people were in Bell's first class?

Hypothesis: Teaching his father's system, in October 1872, Alexander Bell opened his "School of Vocal Physiology and Mechanics of Speech" in Boston, which attracted a large number of deaf pupils, with his first class numbering 30 students.


Premise: What was the purpose for creating an Eton Mission?

Hypothesis: As with other public schools, a scheme was devised towards the end of the 19th century to familiarize privileged schoolboys with social conditions in deprived areas.


Premise: In what major ocean is Bermuda located?

Hypothesis: Bermuda is a group of low-forming volcanoes located in the Atlantic Ocean, near the western edge of the Sargasso Sea, roughly 578 nautical miles (1,070 km (665 mi))


Premise: Rather than four-year Bachelor's degrees, Politeknik offer a diploma after how many years?

Hypothesis: However, in Bahasa Indonesia, Politeknik carries a rather different meaning than Institut Teknologi.


Premise: Who was responsible for the art names "His Entombment"?

Hypothesis: 19:26-27] has in itself been the subject of Marian art, and well known Catholic symbolism such as the Miraculous Medal and Pope John Paul II's Coat of Arms bearing a Marian Cross.


Premise: Who gave the initial donation of the private library?

Hypothesis: Its promoter, director and organizer was Father Dámaso Antonio Larrañaga, who also made a considerable donation along with donations from José Raimundo Guerra, as well as others from the Convent of San Francisco in Salta.


Premise: Near what city were concave spectacles invented?

Hypothesis: Concave spectacles were invented around 1286 by an unknown Italian artisan, probably working in or near Pisa.


Premise: How do the leaders of the Jehovah's Witnesses cultivate a system of unquestioning obedience?

Hypothesis: Critics also accuse the religion's leaders of exercising "intellectual dominance" over Witnesses, controlling information and creating "mental isolation", which former Governing Body member Raymond Franz argued were all elements of mind control.


Premise: How much of the Bronx's vote in 1916 did Benson get?

Hypothesis: It was only 32 years earlier, by contrast, that another Republican former Governor who narrowly lost the Presidency, Charles Evans Hughes, had won 42.6% of the Bronx's 1916 vote against Democratic President Woodrow Wilson's 49.8% and Socialist candidate Allan Benson's 7.3%.)


Premise: What does LED stand for?

Hypothesis: Light-emitting diodes are now used in applications as diverse as aviation lighting, automotive headlamps, advertising, general lighting, traffic signals, camera flashes and lighted wallpaper.


Premise: Who introduced educative gymnastics in France?

Hypothesis: He was a Spanish colonel, and the first person to introduce educative gymnastic in France.


Premise: What was the theme for the 2014 Youth Olympic Games?

Hypothesis: The slogan of the 2014 Youth Olympic Games was “Share the Games, Share our Dreams”.


Premise: Which war transformed many colleges, including Northwestern?

Hypothesis: Relations between Evanston and Northwestern were strained throughout much of the post-war era because of episodes of disruptive student activism, disputes over municipal zoning, building codes, and law enforcement, as well as restrictions on the sale of alcohol near campus until 1972.


Premise: Why did the Romans decide to withdraw their forces from Greece?

Hypothesis: The Seleucids sued for peace, and Rome forced them to give up their recent Greek conquests.


Premise: Were young apprentices hired for pay?

Hypothesis: In Africa, colonial administrators encouraged traditional kin-ordered modes of production, that is hiring a household for work not just the adults.


Premise: What is one reason a late maturing boy may be less confident when comparing himself to others?

Hypothesis: Late maturing boys can be less confident because of poor body image when comparing themselves to already developed friends and peers.


Premise: What treatment did the milk that was fed to infants undergo to control bacterial disease?

Hypothesis: Pasteurisation was effective against bacteria, but it destroyed the vitamin C.


Premise: What is a well known Mullerian complex?

Hypothesis: Later research has discovered that the Viceroy is, in fact more toxic than the Monarch and this resemblance should be considered as a case of Müllerian mimicry.


Premise: What do cotton linters look like?

Hypothesis: In the UK, linters are referred to as "cotton wool".


Premise: How are the electrical contents of a USB connector protected?

Hypothesis: The electrical contacts in a USB connector are protected by an adjacent plastic tongue, and the entire connecting assembly is usually protected by an enclosing metal sheath.


Premise: Who led the new Liberal National Party of Queensland through the election in March 2012?

Hypothesis: In March 2011, the New South Wales Liberal-National Coalition led by Barry O'Farrell won government with the largest election victory in post-war Australian history at the State Election.


Premise: What are the districts of Germany considered?

Hypothesis: The state Free Hanseatic City of Bremen consists of two urban districts, while Berlin and Hamburg are states and urban districts at the same time.


Premise: In what province of Canada is the Athabasca Basin?

Hypothesis: High-grade ores found in Athabasca Basin deposits in Saskatchewan, Canada can contain up to 23% uranium oxides on average.


Premise: What was the kingdom of Kenneth MacAlpin?

Hypothesis: By the middle of the 10th century, Alfred's successors had conquered Northumbria, and restored English control over most of the southern part of Great Britain.


Premise: How did both gay and straight men react to pictures of both naked men and women?

Hypothesis: The only significant group difference between these orientations was found in the amygdala, a brain region known to be involved in regulating fear.


Premise: Visits to The Times website have decreased by how much since October 2011?

Hypothesis: Visits to the websites have decreased by 87% since the paywall was introduced, from 21 million unique users per month to 2.7 million.


Premise: What kind of occupation do Hindu scriptures describe hunting as being?

Hypothesis: Hindu scriptures describe hunting as an acceptable occupation, as well as a sport of the kingly.


Premise: What 3 mountain sports are among the most popular in Switzerland?

Hypothesis: Winter sports are practiced by the natives and tourists since the second half of the 19th century with the invention of bobsleigh in St. Moritz.


Premise: Which studio funded Close Encounters?

Hypothesis: Spielberg then revisited his Close Encounters project and, with financial backing from Columbia Pictures, released Close Encounters: The Special Edition in 1980.


Premise: What item did Lee give the actor Gregory Peck after portraying Atticus Finch?

Hypothesis: Lee's father died before the film's release, and Lee was so impressed with Peck's performance that she gave him her father's pocketwatch, which he had with him the evening he was awarded the Oscar for best actor.


Premise: What country joined Canada, the UK, and Ireland in continuing to observe Daylight Saving Time after the war?

Hypothesis: Broadly speaking, Daylight Saving Time was abandoned in the years after the war (with some notable exceptions including Canada, the UK, France, and Ireland for example).


Premise: What is another name for caving?

Hypothesis: North Carolina offers fall colors, freshwater and saltwater fishing, hunting, birdwatching, agritourism, ATV trails, ballooning, rock climbing, biking, hiking, skiing, boating and sailing, camping, canoeing, caving (spelunking), gardens, and arboretums.


Premise: What store is a part of the Metro AG?

Hypothesis: Germany used to have a number of department stores; nowadays only a few of them remain.


Premise: Who came up with the name for Apple's portable mp3 player?

Hypothesis: The name iPod was proposed by Vinnie Chieco, a freelance copywriter, who (with others) was called by Apple to figure out how to introduce the new player to the public.


Premise: When was the LEO 1 computer first operational?

Hypothesis: The LEO I computer became operational in April 1951  and ran the world's first regular routine office computer job.


Premise: What type of legal system is the Philippines officially?

Hypothesis: Even as the body of Philippine laws remain mostly codified, the Philippine Civil Code expressly recognizes that decisions of the Supreme Court "form part of the law of the land", belonging to the same class as statutes.


Premise: Who did Frick remove from the police force?

Hypothesis: He also ensured that whenever an important position came up within Thuringia, he used his power to ensure that a Nazi was given that post.


Premise: What non party affiliated voters are critical for party to attract in elections?

Hypothesis: If he or she is able to attract the required 218 signatures on a discharge petition by attracting majority party supporters, he or she can force minority initiatives to the floor over the opposition of the majority leadership.


Premise: What supports a scenario of dual origin for Paleo-Indians?

Hypothesis: 2012 state that "The similarities in ages and geographical distributions for C4c and the previously analyzed X2a lineage provide support to the scenario of a dual origin for Paleo-Indians.


Premise: What major department store operates in Berlin?

Hypothesis: The design and function of department stores in Germany followed the lead of London, Paris and New York.


Premise: What were the tesserae usually set in for miniature mosaic icons?

Hypothesis: A striking technical innovation of the Komnenian period was the production of very precious, miniature mosaic icons.


Premise: Church and state have been officially separated in Uruguay since what year?

Hypothesis: The religion with most followers in Montevideo is Roman Catholicism and has been so since the foundation of the city.


Premise: What never precedes cause because of causality?

Hypothesis: Because of causality, cause precedes effect, or cause and effect may appear together in a single item, but effect never precedes cause.


Premise: Who had the biggest fraud case settlement?

Hypothesis: Damages from fraud can be recovered by use of the False Claims Act, most commonly under the qui tam provisions which rewards an individual for being a "whistleblower", or relator (law).


Premise: What operating system is used on Wayback Machine's servers?

Hypothesis: The intent is to capture and archive content that otherwise would be lost whenever a site is changed or closed down.


Premise: When was the official tally of students killed in the earthquake released?

Hypothesis: The official tally of students killed in the earthquake was not released until May 7, 2009, almost a year after the earthquake.


Premise: When did the Florida land boom occur?

Hypothesis: During the mid-2000s, the city witnessed its largest real estate boom since the Florida land boom of the 1920s.


Premise: In what year was a special edition of the iPod produced?

Hypothesis: In 2006 Apple presented a special edition for iPod 5G of Irish rock band U2.


Premise: Who said the Baptism of Jesus was Univeral Assent?

Hypothesis: The baptism of Jesus and his crucifixion are considered to be two historically certain facts about Jesus.


Premise: In 2014, millionaires made up what percentage of New York City's population?

Hypothesis: In 2013, New York City had the highest number of billionaires of any city in the world, higher than the next five U.S. cities combined, including former Mayor Michael R. Bloomberg.


Premise: What is another name for the Circuit Recardo Tormo?

Hypothesis: Once a year between 2008–2012 the European Formula One Grand Prix took place in the Valencia Street Circuit.


Premise: What were the Fertile Crescent and Ancient India ?

Hypothesis: As the number and size of agricultural societies increased, they expanded into lands traditionally used by hunter-gatherers.


Premise: What was a recommendations brought about from the report?

Hypothesis: Others have argued that excessive regulation suppresses therapeutic innovation, and that the current cost of regulator-required clinical trials prevents the full exploitation of new genetic and biological knowledge for the treatment of human disease.


Premise: What two entities was the foundation divided into

Hypothesis: The foundation explains on its website that its trustees divided the organization into two entities: the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (foundation) and the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation Trust (trust).


Premise: What style of music did Haydn and Mozart share?

Hypothesis: Handel, for example, epitomized this with his highly public musical activities in London.


Premise: What interstate highways cross the Grand Division in Tennessee?

Hypothesis: Knoxville's McGhee Tyson Airport (TYS) and Chattanooga's Chattanooga Metropolitan Airport (CHA), as well as the Tri-Cities' Tri-Cities Regional Airport (TRI), provide air service to numerous destinations. I-24, I-81, I-40, I-75, and I-26 along with numerous state highways and other important roads, traverse the Grand Division and connect Chattanooga, Knoxville, and the Tri-Cities, along with other cities and towns such as Cleveland, Athens, and Sevierville.


Premise: How many factories were in Eritrea by 1939?

Hypothesis: The number of Italians residing in the territory increased from 4,600 to 75,000 in five years; and with the involvement of Eritreans in the industries, trade and fruit plantation was expanded across the nation, while some of the plantations were owned by Eritreans.


Premise: What does "FEELS" stand for?

Hypothesis: It is used for understanding and evaluating educational curriculum under the assumption that the purpose of education is to "help a person become whole.


Premise: How long after the natives were cured did it take for people to figure out the reason that brown rice cured them?

Hypothesis: Over two decades later, nutritionists learned that the outer rice bran contains vitamin B1, also known as thiamine.


Premise: The Greek historian Herodotus listed the Jews as the levied naval forces in service to whom?

Hypothesis: The history of Jews in Greece goes back to at least the Archaic Era of Greece, when the classical culture of Greece was undergoing a process of formalization after the Greek Dark Age.


Premise: When was Napoleon crowned King of Italy?

Hypothesis: Two separate crowns were brought for the ceremony: a golden laurel wreath recalling the Roman Empire and a replica of Charlemagne's crown.


Premise: What is the incremental compensation required by investors for taking on addition risk called?

Hypothesis: Several scholars have argued that a lack of transparency about banks' risk exposures prevented markets from correctly pricing risk before the crisis, enabled the mortgage market to grow larger than it otherwise would have, and made the financial crisis far more disruptive than it would have been if risk levels had been disclosed in a straightforward, readily understandable format.


Premise: What decoration did Eisenhower receive as a result of his First World War service?

Hypothesis: Completely missing out on the warfront left him depressed and bitter for a time, despite being given the Distinguished Service Medal for his work at home.[citation needed]


Premise: What is another alternative for power for an external hard and optical disk drive?

Hypothesis: Such devices can use an external power supply, which is allowed by the standard, or use a dual-input USB cable, one input of which is used for power and data transfer, the other solely for power, which makes the device a non-standard USB device.


Premise: What instrument did artist Bill Monroe use?

Hypothesis: However, The "Loar" became the defining instrument of bluegrass music when Bill Monroe purchased F-5 S/N 73987 in a Florida barbershop in 1943 and popularized it as his main instrument.


Premise: What subtypes of polychaetes were useless classifications, according to the 2007 study?

Hypothesis: In 2007 Torsten Struck and colleagues compared 3 genes in 81 taxa, of which 9 were outgroups, in other words not considered closely related to annelids but included to give an indication of where the organisms under study are placed on the larger tree of life.


Premise: What have some studies found patients reluctant to accept in medical practice?

Hypothesis: Some studies have found that patients are reluctant to accept racial categorization in medical practice.


Premise: Which candidate withdrew from the presidential race in January of 2008?

Hypothesis: Giuliani dropped out of the presidential race on January 30, 2008, largely because of a poor showing in Florida, and endorsed McCain.


Premise: The early courts' military conscription broke down around what year?

Hypothesis: Under the early courts, when military conscription had been centrally controlled, military affairs had been taken out of the hands of the provincial aristocracy.


Premise: What did the Doha Declaration do?

Hypothesis: In 2001, the WTO adopted the Doha Declaration, which indicates that the TRIPS agreement should be read with the goals of public health in mind, and allows some methods for circumventing pharmaceutical monopolies: via compulsory licensing or parallel imports, even before patent expiration.


Premise: How many Freemasons were killed under the Nazi regime?

Hypothesis: The preserved records of the Reichssicherheitshauptamt (the Reich Security Main Office) show the persecution of Freemasons during the Holocaust.


Premise: What elementary force can some specialized fabrics generate?

Hypothesis: Researchers in scientific labs have been developing prototypes for fabrics that can serve functional purposes well beyond their traditional roles, for example, clothes that can automatically adjust their temperature, repel bullets, project images, and generate electricity.


Premise: The Supreme Court restricted registration of some vehicles with engines of 2000 cc and over until what date?

Hypothesis: Among the measures, the court ordered to stop registrations of diesel cars and sport utility vehicles with an engine capacity of 2,000 cc and over until March 31, 2016.


Premise: How far is St. John's International Airport from the downtown core?

Hypothesis: In 2011, roughly 1,400,000 passengers travelled through the airport making it the second busiest airport in Atlantic Canada in passenger volume.


Premise: In which type of warfare did the French best utilize the Chassepot?

Hypothesis: French tactics emphasised the defensive use of the Chassepot rifle in trench-warfare style fighting—the so-called feu de bataillon.


Premise: What did financial institutions do prior to the crisis?

Hypothesis: These instruments also made it virtually impossible to reorganize financial institutions in bankruptcy, and contributed to the need for government bailouts.


Premise: Who originally discovered these parts of the immune system?

Hypothesis: When health conditions worsen to emergency status, portions of immune system organs including the thymus, spleen, bone marrow, lymph nodes and other lymphatic tissues can be surgically excised for examination while patients are still alive.


Premise: How much did Beyoncé get for a deal with a soft drink company in 2012?

Hypothesis: In 2012, Beyoncé signed a $50 million deal to endorse Pepsi.


Premise: Who ranked New York as the most walkable large US city in 2015?

Hypothesis: In both its 2011 and 2015 rankings, Walk Score named New York City the most walkable large city in the United States.


Premise: What ocean influinces the climate of North Carolinas coastal plain?

Hypothesis: Temperatures in the coastal plain only occasionally drop below the freezing point at night.


Premise: What did the Mach constitution do?

Hypothesis: From that point until 1918, the legal status of the nobility was essentially dependent upon the policies of the three partitioning powers: the Russian Empire, the Kingdom of Prussia, and the Habsburg Monarchy.


Premise: In approximately what year did revitalization most recently begin to occur in downtown New Haven?

Hypothesis: In addition, downtown's growing residential population will be served by two new supermarkets, a Stop & Shop just outside downtown and Elm City Market located one block from the Green.


Premise: Where did Galeries Lafayette open in 2013, inside Indonesia?

Hypothesis: 2007 saw the re-opening of Jakarta's Seibu, poised to be the largest and second most upscale department store in Indonesia after Harvey Nichols, which the latter closed in 2010 and yet plans to return.


Premise: When did the WIPO adopt 'The Geneva Declaration on the Future of the World Intellectual Property Organization'?

Hypothesis: In 2004 the General Assembly of WIPO adopted The Geneva Declaration on the Future of the World Intellectual Property Organization which argues that WIPO should "focus more on the needs of developing countries, and to view IP as one of many tools for development—not as an end in itself".


Premise: What does a language need to share with the group in order to be classified as Germanic?

Hypothesis: Within the Indo-European language tree, Dutch is grouped within the Germanic languages, which means it shares a common ancestor with languages such as English, German, and Scandinavian languages.


Premise: How much is the Howard Hughes Medical Institute worth?

Hypothesis: In the United States, two of the wealthiest nonprofit organizations are the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, which has an endowment of US$38 billion, and the Howard Hughes Medical Institute originally funded by Hughes Aircraft prior to divestiture, which has an endowment of approximately $14.8 billion.


Premise: What does Darwin believe about the differences between species and varieties?

Hypothesis: In Chapter II, Darwin specifies that the distinction between species and varieties is arbitrary, with experts disagreeing and changing their decisions when new forms were found.


Premise: When did a mutiny form against Patasse?

Hypothesis: Patassé purged many of the Kolingba elements from the government and Kolingba supporters accused Patassé's government of conducting a "witch hunt" against the Yakoma.


Premise: What is a developing field of time related study?

Hypothesis: Time-use research is a developing field of study.


Premise: What does the term "Count Noun" mean?

Hypothesis: Sometimes "culture" is also used to describe specific practices within a subgroup of a society, a subculture (e.g. "bro culture"), or a counter culture.


Premise: What is the planned size of the Chengdu Economic and Technological Development Zone?

Hypothesis: The zone has attracted investors and developers from more than 20 countries to carry out their projects there.


Premise: When was the laws of the Game of Asscociation Football published?

Hypothesis: In 1863, the newly founded Football Association (the FA) published the Laws of the Game of Association Football, unifying the various different rules in use before then.


Premise: What did Burke think had disgraced Britain in India?

Hypothesis: As a consequence of this opinion, Burke objected to the opium trade, which he called a "smuggling adventure" and condemned "the great Disgrace of the British character in India".


Premise: What is Whitehead's belief regarding the importance of relations?

Hypothesis: A second problem with materialism is that it obscures the importance of relations.


Premise: What does the 51st State Party advocate?

Hypothesis: The party advocates New Zealand becoming the 51st state of the United States of America.


Premise: What is the legal status of secondary liability?

Hypothesis: The decentralised structure of peer-to-peer networks, in particular, does not sit easily with existing laws on online intermediaries' liability.


Premise: What is prohibited in all zones of the marine reserve at St. Barts?

Hypothesis: Saint-Barthélemy has a marine nature reserve, known as the Reserve Naturelle that covers 1.200 ha, and is divided into 5 zones all around the island to form a network of protected areas.


Premise: What comprehensive school was established in Anglesey?

Hypothesis: Other early examples of comprehensive schools included Woodlands Boys School in Coventry (opened in 1954) and Tividale Comprehensive School in Tipton.


Premise: When might an individual experience shortness of breath?

Hypothesis: Shortness of breath occurs when the damage to the heart limits the output of the left ventricle, causing left ventricular failure and consequent pulmonary edema.


Premise: When was the Behmani Sultanate established?

Hypothesis: The Kakatiya dynasty was reduced to a vassal of the Khilji dynasty in 1310 after its defeat by Sultan Alauddin Khilji of the Delhi Sultanate.


Premise: What did the Republic of Letters support?

Hypothesis: It was a forum that supported "free public examination of questions regarding religion or legislation".


Premise: Where does the majority of Everton's matchday support hail from?

Hypothesis: Within the city of Liverpool support for Everton and city rivals Liverpool is not determined by geographical basis with supporters mixed across the city.


Premise: When was the term kirishitan used by the Japanese?

Hypothesis: Today, Christians are referred to in Standard Japanese as キリスト教徒, Kirisuto-kyōto or the English-derived term クリスチャン kurisuchan.


Premise: What are some of the diverse range of fields scholars come to Anthrozoology from?

Hypothesis: A major focus of anthrozoologic research is the quantifying of the positive effects of human-animal relationships on either party and the study of their interactions.


Premise: Along with David Eyre, who took over the Eagle pub?

Hypothesis: The name is a portmanteau of pub and gastronomy and was coined in 1991 when David Eyre and Mike Belben took over The Eagle pub in Clerkenwell, London.


Premise: What was the US military's counterpart to the British Stooge to counter the attacks by Kamikazes?

Hypothesis: The Germans missile research was the most advanced of the war as the Germans put considerable effort in the research and development of rocket systems for all purposes.


Premise: Who does the Secretary of the Air Force report to?

Hypothesis: The senior officials in the Office of the Secretary are the Under Secretary of the Air Force, four Assistant Secretaries of the Air Force and the General Counsel, all of whom are appointed by the President with the advice and consent of the Senate.


Premise: With the passage of time what particular things phonemic in a language are known to change?

Hypothesis: At one time, [f] and [v], two sounds that have the same place and manner of articulation and differ in voicing only, were allophones of the same phoneme in English, but later came to belong to separate phonemes.


Premise: In what city did Daniel Craig have minor surgery to repair his knee?

Hypothesis: Following filming in Mexico, and during a scheduled break, Craig was flown to New York to undergo minor surgery to fix his knee injury.


Premise: According to the census of 2000, what percentage of Swiss are pentecostal?

Hypothesis: 21.4% in 2012 declared themselves as unchurched i.e. not affiliated with any church or other religious body (Agnostic, Atheist, or just not related to any official religion).


Premise: What did Eisenhower want to be done to the Eisenhower Pine?

Hypothesis: President Dwight D. Eisenhower, an Augusta National member, hit the tree so many times that, at a 1956 club meeting, he proposed that it be cut down.


Premise: Of all of Estonian's language reformers who is the most well known?

Hypothesis: In Aavik’s dictionary (1921), which lists approximately 4000 words, there are many words which were (allegedly) created ex nihilo, many of which are in common use today.


Premise: How many football teams compete in Canadian Interuniversity Sport?

Hypothesis: There are 20 junior teams in three divisions in the Canadian Junior Football League competing for the Canadian Bowl.


Premise: How many kilometers of sewer lines exist in Richmond?

Hypothesis: The wastewater utility also operates and maintains 1,500 miles (2,400 km) of sanitary sewer and pumping stations, 38 miles (61 km) of intercepting sewer lines, and the Shockoe Retention Basin, a 44-million-gallon stormwater reservoir used during heavy rains.


Premise: Where is Lincoln Center located?

Hypothesis: Other performing arts venues in Miami include the Gusman Center for the Performing Arts, Coconut Grove Playhouse, Colony Theatre, Lincoln Theatre, New World Center, Actor's Playhouse at the Miracle Theatre, Jackie Gleason Theatre, Manuel Artime Theater, Ring Theatre, Playground Theatre, Wertheim Performing Arts Center, the Fair Expo Center and the Bayfront Park Amphitheater for outdoor music events.


Premise: What annelids' jaws are being studied by engineers?

Hypothesis: Ragworms' jaws are now being studied by engineers as they offer an exceptional combination of lightness and strength.


Premise: Which Foreign Minister proposed that the Soviets should join this agreement of axis powers?

Hypothesis: After Germany entered a Tripartite Pact with Japan and Italy, Ribbentrop wrote to Stalin, inviting Molotov to Berlin for negotiations aimed to create a 'continental bloc' of Germany, Italy, Japan and the USSR that would oppose Britain and the USA.


Premise: What is the HMMWV also known as?

Hypothesis: While they operate a wide variety of combat support vehicles, one of the most common types centers on the family of HEMTT vehicles.


Premise: What percentage of the city's population is Caucasian?

Hypothesis: The city's population in 2010 was 44% white (33.3% non-Hispanic white), 25.5% black (23% non-Hispanic black), 0.7% Native American, and 12.7% Asian.


Premise: Until what century was brain studying mostly anatomical?

Hypothesis: Neuroanatomists study the large-scale structure of the brain as well as the microscopic structure of neurons and their components, especially synapses.


Premise: Which distinction has Punjabi lost?

Hypothesis: Sanskrit, Hindi, Bengali, Marathi, and Gujarati have a four-way distinction in stops: voiceless, aspirated, voiced, and breathy-voiced or voiced aspirated, such as /p pʰ b bʱ/. Punjabi has lost breathy-voiced consonants, which resulted in a tone system, and therefore has a distinction between voiceless, aspirated, and voiced: /p pʰ b/.


Premise: What year did former Everton player Joe Royle take over managing the club?

Hypothesis: Howard Kendall had returned in 1990 but could not repeat his previous success, while his successor, Mike Walker, was statistically the least successful Everton manager to date.


Premise: What directive in 2001 let European Union countries to enact laws that allowed making copies for personal use?

Hypothesis: The Copyright Directive was not intended to legitimize file-sharing, but rather the common practice of space shifting copyright-protected content from a legally purchased CD (for example) to certain kinds of devices and media, provided rights holders are compensated and no copy protection measures are circumvented.


Premise: How many square miles of territory were added to the British Empire between 1815 and 1914?

Hypothesis: Between 1815 and 1914, a period referred to as Britain's "imperial century" by some historians, around 10,000,000 square miles (26,000,000 km2) of territory and roughly 400 million people were added to the British Empire.


Premise: How many students were executed in January of 1977?

Hypothesis: In January 1977, two dissenting students and a number of army officers were publicly hanged; Amnesty International condemned it as the first time in Gaddafist Libya that dissenters had been executed for purely political crimes.


Premise: What is the Greek term for canon?

Hypothesis: Greek kanon /


Premise: What is the name of the activity of explaining what Quranic verses mean?

Hypothesis: Tafsir is one of the earliest academic activities of Muslims.


Premise: What have doctors noted about some medical conditions in certain racial groups?

Hypothesis: Doctors have noted that some medical conditions are more prevalent in certain racial or ethnic groups than in others, without being sure of the cause of those differences.


Premise: What are some classical societies whose literature is still studied today?

Hypothesis: Lyric poetry (as opposed to epic poetry) was often the speciality of courts and aristocratic circles, particularly in East Asia where songs were collected by the Chinese aristocracy as poems, the most notable being the Shijing or Book of Songs.


Premise: What is it called when someone dies from inhaling vomit?

Hypothesis: A BAC from 0.25% to 0.40% causes stupor, unconsciousness, anterograde amnesia, vomiting (death may occur due to inhalation of vomit (pulmonary aspiration) while unconscious and respiratory depression (potentially life-threatening).


Premise: Name another saint associated with Galicia.

Hypothesis: The patron saint of Galicia is Saint James the Greater, whose body was discovered – according to the Catholic tradition – in 814 near Compostela.


Premise: In what work did Ferguson explain how humans advanced from a hunting and gathering society to a commercial and civil society without "signing" a social contract?

Hypothesis: Hume's essay Of the Original Contract argues that governments derived from consent are rarely seen, and civil government is grounded in a ruler's habitual authority and force.


Premise: What were the titles of Delaunay's paintings in 1912?

Hypothesis: Apollinaire supported these early developments of abstract Cubism in Les Peintres cubistes (1913), writing of a new "pure" painting in which the subject was vacated.


Premise: What led the National Hockey League to cancel the 2004-2005 season?

Hypothesis: Although the Arenafootball2 league played its tenth season in 2009, a conference call in December 2008 resulted in enough votes from owners and cooperation from the AFLPA for the AFL to suspend the entire 2009 season in order to create "a long-term plan to improve its economic model".


Premise: How many people work for the NBS?

Hypothesis: RIBA Bookshops, which operates online and at 66 Portland Place, is also part of RIBA Enterprises.


Premise: Why would zinc possibly be derived from the German word zinke?

Hypothesis: The word is probably derived from the German zinke, and supposedly meant "tooth-like, pointed or jagged" (metallic zinc crystals have a needle-like appearance).


Premise: Who was the Old Prussians ethnic group related to?

Hypothesis: The Old Prussians were an ethnic group related to the Latvian and Lithuanian Baltic peoples.


Premise: What year were professional players allowed to play in the  Summer Olympics?

Hypothesis: In the past the Olympics have allowed a restricted number of over-age players per team.


Premise: For which company did C. Robert Fine work for?

Hypothesis: The first record, a Chicago Symphony Orchestra performance of Pictures at an Exhibition, conducted by Rafael Kubelik, was described as "being in the living presence of the orchestra" by The New York Times music critic.


Premise: What scientific field tries to understand the mind and behavior?

Hypothesis: The field of neuroscience encompasses all approaches that seek to understand the brain and the rest of the nervous system.


Premise: The shadow banking system could not provide funds to mortgage firms and other corporations without the ability to obtain which funds?

Hypothesis: Economist Paul Krugman and U.S. Treasury Secretary Timothy Geithner explain the credit crisis via the implosion of the shadow banking system, which had grown to nearly equal the importance of the traditional commercial banking sector as described above.


Premise: Shell Oil Company's United States business throughout its early history is described as what?

Hypothesis: However, in 1984, Royal Dutch Shell made a bid to purchase those shares of Shell Oil Company it did not own (around 30%) and despite opposition from some minority shareholders, which led to a court case, Shell completed the buyout for a sum of $5.7 billion.


Premise: Who allied with the Nabatean Kingdom to fight against the Seleucids?

Hypothesis: The Nabateans resisted the attacks of Antigonous and were allies of the Hasmoneans in their struggle against the Seleucids, but later fought against Herod the great.


Premise: What is considered landmark Architecture

Hypothesis: The Centraal Museum has many exhibitions on the arts, including a permanent exhibition on the works of Utrecht resident illustrator Dick Bruna, who is best known for creating Miffy ("Nijntje", in Dutch).


Premise: What states comprise of the southern Appalachian mountains?

Hypothesis: The term is often used more restrictively to refer to regions in the central and southern Appalachian Mountains, usually including areas in the states of Kentucky, Tennessee, Virginia, Maryland, West Virginia, and North Carolina, as well as sometimes extending as far south as northern Alabama, Georgia and western South Carolina, and as far north as Pennsylvania, southern Ohio and parts of southern upstate New York.


Premise: What magazines provided reviews for audio equipment?

Hypothesis: After 1949 a variety of improvements in recording and playback technologies, especially stereo recordings, which became widely available in 1958, gave a boost to the "hi-fi" classification of products, leading to sales of individual components for the home such as amplifiers, loudspeakers, phonographs, and tape players.


Premise: What came to be valued over previous convolutions?

Hypothesis: The movement to translate English and European texts transformed the Arabic and Ottoman Turkish languages, and new words, simplified syntax, and directness came to be valued over the previous convolutions.


Premise: Which war transformed many colleges, including Northwestern?

Hypothesis: Like other American research universities, Northwestern was transformed by World War II.


Premise: In which of John Locke's works are natural rights most famously defined and discussed?

Hypothesis: The most famous natural right formulation comes from John Locke in his Second Treatise, when he introduces the state of nature.


Premise: Neighbours, Kath & Kim, Winners and Losers, Offspring, and Underbelly are examples of what kind of media produced in Melbourne?

Hypothesis: Reality television productions such as Dancing with the Stars, MasterChef, The Block and The Real Housewives of Melbourne are all filmed in and around Melbourne.


Premise: What does the all caps word LORD used in some bibles represent?

Hypothesis: In many translations of the Bible, when the word LORD is in all capitals, it signifies that the word represents the tetragrammaton.


Premise: The Encyclopedie was comprised of how many volumes?

Hypothesis: It was published between 1751 and 1772 in thirty-five volumes, and spread the ideas of the Enlightenment across Europe and beyond.


Premise: What professions made up the buld on middle class under Nasser?

Hypothesis: Doctors, engineers, teachers, lawyers, journalists, constituted the bulk of the swelling middle class in Egypt under Nasser.


Premise: In which three years did England fail to qualify for the World Cup?

Hypothesis: The team's earliest exit in the competition itself was its elimination in the first round in 1950, 1958 and most recently in the 2014 FIFA World Cup, after being defeated in both their opening two matches for the first time, versus Italy and Uruguay in Group D.


Premise: What percentage of students at Qur'anic schools are female?

Hypothesis: The Qur'anic system, which teaches the greatest number of students relative to other educational sub-sectors, is oftentimes the only system accessible to Somalis in nomadic as compared to urban areas.


Premise: What street is mentioned in the movie Taxi Driver as the location where a cab driver is assaulted?

Hypothesis: 122nd Street is mentioned in the movie Taxi Driver by main character Travis Bickle as the location where a fellow cab driver is assaulted with a knife.


Premise: After an approval in the United States, when does an approval occur in the United Kingdom and other countries?

Hypothesis: Normally an approval in the UK and other European countries comes later than one in the USA.


Premise: Who shot at the queen?

Hypothesis: On 2 March 1882, Roderick Maclean, a disgruntled poet apparently offended by Victoria's refusal to accept one of his poems, shot at the Queen as her carriage left Windsor railway station.


Premise: When did Wales outlaw smoking in public?

Hypothesis: Wales followed suit in April 2007, with England introducing the ban in July 2007.


Premise: Who erased the border in the ad?

Hypothesis: In the 1988 federal election, the Liberals asserted that the proposed Free Trade Agreement amounted to an American takeover of Canada—notably, the party ran an ad in which Progressive Conservative (PC) strategists, upon the adoption of the agreement, slowly erased the Canada-U.S. border from a desktop map of North America.


Premise: Where did Jane Stirling invite Chopin?

Hypothesis: She clearly had a notion of going beyond mere friendship, and Chopin was obliged to make it clear to her that this could not be so.


Premise: What is the capital city of the US?

Hypothesis: The capital city, Washington, District of Columbia, is a federal district located on land donated by the state of Maryland.


Premise: What is educational psychology concerned with?

Hypothesis: Educational psychology is the study of how humans learn in educational settings, the effectiveness of educational interventions, the psychology of teaching, and the social psychology of schools as organizations.


Premise: What was Russia's new legal name?

Hypothesis: On the same day, the Supreme Soviet of the Russian SFSR adopted a statute to change Russia's legal name from "Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic" to "Russian Federation," showing that it was now a sovereign state.


Premise: What scholarship is awarded in New Haven by Yale University to public school students meeting specified criteria?

Hypothesis: The initiative was launched in 2010 and there are currently more than 500 Scholars enrolled in qualifying Connecticut colleges and universities.


Premise: What is a factor that hurt Bermuda's merchant shipping?

Hypothesis: The war had removed Bermuda's primary trading partners, the American colonies, from the empire, and dealt a harsh blow to Bermuda's merchant shipping trade.


Premise: Are modern day teenagers exposed to more or less media than other generations?

Hypothesis: As such, modern day adolescents are exposed to many representations of ideal, societal beauty.


Premise: Who claimed to have invented the in 1834?

Hypothesis: During a deposition filed for the 1887 trial, Italian inventor Antonio Meucci also claimed to have created the first working model of a telephone in Italy in 1834.


Premise: Where is the setting for To Kill a Mockingbird?

Hypothesis: The story takes place during three years (1933–35) of the Great Depression in the fictional "tired old town" of Maycomb, Alabama, the seat of Maycomb County.


Premise: Besides the geometrical constraints of Neptune's dynamo generator, what is another result of the quadrupole moment?

Hypothesis: The large quadrupole moment of Neptune may be the result of offset from the planet's centre and geometrical constraints of the field's dynamo generator.


Premise: In what current country is Trier located?

Hypothesis: It was in the Roman glassmaking center at Trier, now in modern Germany, that the late-Latin term glesum originated, probably from a Germanic word for a transparent, lustrous substance.


Premise: When is the head of Charles Regatta held?

Hypothesis: Another major annual event is the Head of the Charles Regatta, held in October.


Premise: What is the only medal Bermuda has ever won?

Hypothesis: In those Olympics, Bermuda's Katura Horton-Perinchief made history by becoming the first black female diver to compete in the Olympic Games.


Premise: What obvious improvement does clothing bestow upon the wearer?

Hypothesis: The most obvious function of clothing is to improve the comfort of the wearer, by protecting the wearer from the elements.


Premise: What was the last number Chopin gave to an opus?

Hypothesis: At the request of the composer's mother and sisters, however, his musical executor Julian Fontana selected 23 unpublished piano pieces and grouped them into eight further opus numbers (Opp.


Premise: What percentage of the French vote approved Napoleon's new constitution?

Hypothesis: There was no secret ballot in 1802 and few people wanted to openly defy the regime; the constitution gained approval with over 99% of the vote.


Premise: Where was it rumored that the Cubs could home their home games?

Hypothesis: The confusion may stem from the fact that Major League Baseball did decide that, should the Cubs make it to the World Series, the American League winner would have home field advantage unless the Cubs hosted home games at an alternate site since the Cubs home field of Wrigley Field did not yet have lights.


Premise: Why did living standards decline in 1980s Libya?

Hypothesis: Such high standards declined during the 1980s, as a result of economic stagnation.


Premise: When did the Mildred Lane Kemper Art Museum changed locations?

Hypothesis: The Mildred Lane Kemper Art Museum, established in 1881, is one of the oldest teaching museums in the country.


Premise: Which agency regulates safety of pesticides in Canada?

Hypothesis: Each use of a pesticide carries some associated risk.


Premise: How many square meters of office space does Manhattan have?

Hypothesis: Many of the world's largest media conglomerates are also based in the city.


Premise: 120th Street turns into Paladino Avenue and into a pedestrian bridge across what road?

Hypothesis: It then continues east, eventually running along the southern edge of Marcus Garvey Park, passing by 58 West, the former residence of Maya Angelou.


Premise: What two forts fell on the same day in 1758?

Hypothesis: On 13 September 1759, following a three-month siege of Quebec, General James Wolfe defeated the French on the Plains of Abraham outside the city.


Premise: What type of climate was normal in the Ordovician period?

Hypothesis: The most-commonly accepted theory is that these events were triggered by the onset of an ice age, in the Hirnantian faunal stage that ended the long, stable greenhouse conditions typical of the Ordovician.


Premise: What does CSA stand for?

Hypothesis: The U.S. Army is headed by a civilian senior appointed civil servant, the Secretary of the Army (SECARMY), and by a chief military officer, the Chief of Staff of the Army (CSA) who is also a member of the Joint Chiefs of Staff.


Premise: What division ensures the Air Force's information integrity and availability?

Hypothesis: Cyberspace Support is foundational, continuous, or responsive operations ensuring information integrity and availability in, through, and from Air Force-controlled infrastructure and its interconnected analog and digital portion of the battle space.


Premise: Who holds a majority of the shares in the Everton FC?

Hypothesis: The club's overdraft with Barclays Bank is secured against the Premier League's "Basic Award Fund", a guaranteed sum given to clubs for competing in the Premier League.


Premise: What happened in Federalist No. 28

Hypothesis: Alexander Hamilton, writing in "Federalist No. 28," suggested that both levels of government would exercise authority to the citizens' benefit: "If their [the peoples'] rights are invaded by either, they can make use of the other as the instrument of redress.


Premise: What is a popular business for international Asian countries in Burma ?

Hypothesis: The country has close relations with neighbouring India and China with several Indian and Chinese companies operating in the country.


Premise: When were humanism beliefs mixed with another philosophy by a Taoist thinker?

Hypothesis: Taoist and Confucian secularism contain elements of moral thought devoid of religious authority or deism however they only partly resembled our modern concept of secularism.


Premise: Who founded Plymouth Porcelain?

Hypothesis: Local chemist William Cookworthy established his somewhat short-lived Plymouth Porcelain venture in 1768 to exploit the recently discovered deposits of local China Clay - an industry which continues to make up a portion of the city income.


Premise: What cause different paleogeographic regions in the Triassic, Jurassic and Cretaceous periods?

Hypothesis: The Alpine orogeny occurred in ongoing cycles through to the Paleogene causing differences in nappe structures, with a late-stage orogeny causing the development of the Jura Mountains.


Premise: What terrorist bombing was Gaddafi's Libya supposedly involved in?

Hypothesis: NATO intervened militarily on the side of the NTC, bringing about the government's downfall.


Premise: According to what school does it refer to the innate qualities of the mind that express themselves as omniscience?

Hypothesis: According to the Gelug school, it is the potential for sentient beings to awaken since they are empty (i.e. dependently originated).


Premise: What instruments do pilots use to find the runway and fly the correct approach, even if they cannot see the ground?

Hypothesis: There are a number of aids available to pilots, though not all airports are equipped with them.


Premise: What famous NY city landmark is made from copper?

Hypothesis: The German scientist Gottfried Osann invented powder metallurgy in 1830 while determining the metal's atomic mass; around then it was discovered that the amount and type of alloying element (e.g., tin) to copper would affect bell tones.


Premise: What was the highest ranked person in the Ottoman Empire until the 19th century?

Hypothesis: Before the reforms of the 19th and 20th centuries, the state organisation of the Ottoman Empire was a simple system that had two main dimensions, which were the military administration and the civil administration.


Premise: Who was most influential in Islamic philosophy?

Hypothesis: His two most notable works in medicine are the Kitāb al-shifāʾ ("Book of Healing") and The Canon of Medicine, both of which were used as standard medicinal texts in both the Muslim world and in Europe well into the 17th century.


Premise: When did the 33 1/3 rpm hit the market?

Hypothesis: After World War II, two new competing formats came onto the market and gradually replaced the standard "78": the 33 1⁄3 rpm (often just referred to as the 33 rpm), and the 45 rpm (see above).


Premise: In what century did the term Enlightenment emerge in English?

Hypothesis: The term "Enlightenment" emerged in English in the later part of the 19th century, with particular reference to French philosophy, as the equivalent of the French term 'Lumières' (used first by Dubos in 1733 and already well established by 1751).


Premise: How old was the mummified man discovered at the Austrian-Italian bored?

Hypothesis: A mummified man, determined to be 5,000 years old, was discovered on a glacier at the Austrian–Italian border in 1991.


Premise: What city did Hitler give a speech where he said he would erase British cities?

Hypothesis: On 4 September 1940, in a long address at the Sportspalast, Hitler declared: "And should the Royal Air Force drop two thousand, or three thousand [kilograms ...] then we will now drop [...] 300,000, 400,000, yes one million kilograms in a single night.


Premise: What type of stimuli do nociceptors response to?

Hypothesis: Some sensory fibers do not differentiate between noxious and non-noxious stimuli, while others, nociceptors, respond only to noxious, high intensity stimuli.


Premise: Ronald Reagan had a nickname, what was it?

Hypothesis: The song also was prominent in the movie Rudy, with Sean Astin as Daniel "Rudy" Ruettiger, who harbored dreams of playing football at the University of Notre Dame despite significant obstacles.


Premise: When did the war start up again?

Hypothesis: Nasser ceased all military activities and began a program to build a network of internal defenses, while receiving the financial backing of various Arab states.


Premise: What years did the Yongle Emperor reign?

Hypothesis: Despite these missions on behalf of the Hongwu Emperor, Morris Rossabi writes that the Yongle Emperor (r. 1402–1424) "was the first Ming ruler actively to seek an extension of relations with Tibet."


Premise: Where is the headquarters for the Prefecture of Police of Paris?

Hypothesis: The security of Paris is mainly the responsibility of the Prefecture of Police of Paris, a subdivision of the Ministry of the Interior of France.


Premise: What types of birds does Oklahoma have a lot of?

Hypothesis: In prairie ecosystems, American bison, greater prairie chickens, badgers, and armadillo are common, and some of the nation's largest prairie dog towns inhabit shortgrass prairie in the state's panhandle.


Premise: Babangida's reaction to the election results caused violent protests for how long?

Hypothesis: Babangida annulled the elections, leading to mass civilian violent protests which effectively shut down the country for weeks.


Premise: Name the two women present with Mary at the Crucifixion of Jesus?

Hypothesis: Mary is also depicted as being present among the women at the crucifixion during the crucifixion standing near "the disciple whom Jesus loved" along with Mary of Clopas and Mary Magdalene,[Jn 19:25-26] to which list Matthew 27:56 adds "the mother of the sons of Zebedee", presumably the Salome mentioned in Mark 15:40.


Premise: What doctor did Donda West ignore the recommendation of to invest her heart condition?

Hypothesis: Beverly Hills plastic surgeon Andre Aboolian had refused to do the surgery because West had a health condition that placed her at risk for a heart attack.


Premise: During what decade did some British pubs provide "a pie and a pint"?

Hypothesis: In the 1950s some British pubs would offer "a pie and a pint", with hot individual steak and ale pies made easily on the premises by the proprietor's wife during the lunchtime opening hours.


Premise: What pigment did 19th century artists use that was deemed unfavorably?

Hypothesis: Bitumen was the nemesis of many artists during the 19th century.


Premise: Who disagreed vocally about the demonstrations being permitted?

Hypothesis: No one had ever addressed the Party leader so brazenly in front of the Central Committee since Leon Trotsky in the 1920s.


Premise: Where does meteoric iron come from?

Hypothesis: Meteoric iron could be forged from a red heat to make objects such as tools, weapons, and nails.


Premise: What institution is in charge of tracking volcanic activity in the Galápagos Islands?

Hypothesis: The Geophysics Institute  monitors over the country`s seismic, tectonic and volcanic activity in the continental territory and in the Galápagos Islands.


Premise: Who said America hyperbolizes the samurai?

Hypothesis: (Moscardi, N.D.).


Premise: What war was the FlaK first used in?

Hypothesis: First used in Spain during the Spanish Civil War, the gun proved to be one of the best anti-aircraft guns in the world, as well as particularly deadly against light, medium, and even early heavy tanks.


Premise: The structure of poetry may have existed before what?

Hypothesis: Prior to the nineteenth century, poetry was commonly understood to be something set in metrical lines; accordingly, in 1658 a definition of poetry is "any kind of subject consisting of Rythm or Verses".


Premise: Due to increased unemployment, who mainly opposed the Shah's regime?

Hypothesis: By 1975 and 1976, an economic recession led to increased unemployment, especially among millions of youth who had migrated to the cities of Iran looking for construction jobs during the boom years of the early 1970s.


Premise: Boston is the only state capital in the contiguous US to have what type of coastline?

Hypothesis: The highest point in Boston is Bellevue Hill at 330 feet (100 m) above sea level, and the lowest point is at sea level.


Premise: What is the maximum percentage of seats a single party can control?

Hypothesis: As such, the PRD was not assigned any plurinominal seat to comply with the law that prevents over-representation.


Premise: Why was the internet developed?

Hypothesis: The Internet was developed as a network between government research laboratories and participating departments of universities.


Premise: What did the rules of sec require?

Hypothesis: A large part of the reason for this was that much prose was expected to adhere to the rules of sec (سجع, also transliterated as seci), or rhymed prose, a type of writing descended from the Arabic saj' and which prescribed that between each adjective and noun in a string of words, such as a sentence, there must be a rhyme.


Premise: What were one of  Metzingers two showings in 1912's Salon des Independants?

Hypothesis: Juan Gris, a new addition to the Salon scene, exhibited his Portrait of Picasso (Art Institute of Chicago), while Metzinger's two showings included La Femme au Cheval (Woman with a horse) 1911-1912 (National Gallery of Denmark).


Premise: Nearly half of Americam high school girls hope to achieve what goal with their diet?

Hypothesis: In addition, girls may have to deal with sexual advances from older boys before they are emotionally and mentally mature.


Premise: Mutual funds and insurance are what type of industry?

Hypothesis: Other important industries are financial services, especially mutual funds and insurance.


Premise: Which part of Sichuan has the worst weather and subjected to natural disasters?

Hypothesis: Thus, significant minorities of Tibetan, Yi, Qiang and Nakhi people reside in the western portion that are impacted by inclement weather and natural disasters, environmentally fragile, and impoverished.


Premise: Who was the mid-season deal for?

Hypothesis: Despite a mid-season deal for Nomar Garciaparra, misfortune struck the Cubs again.


Premise: When was the construction of an airport in Saint Helena announced?

Hypothesis: After a long period of rumour and consultation, the British government announced plans to construct an airport in Saint Helena in March 2005.


Premise: What did the Prussian and German victory mark?

Hypothesis: The Franco-Prussian War was a conflict between France and Prussia, while Prussia was backed up by the North German Confederation, of which it was a member, and the South German states of Baden, Württemberg and Bavaria.


Premise: More importantly than their language aspect how do the Seto and Võro dialects set themselves apart from each other?

Hypothesis: Also, Seto and Võro distinguish themselves from each other less by language and more by their culture and their respective Christian confession.