Premise: In what room did von Neumann often write at home?

Hypothesis: Anyone wishing to get an unforgettable impression of the razor edge of von Neumann's mind, need merely try to pursue this chain of exact reasoning for himself—realizing that often five pages of it were written down before breakfast, seated at a living room writing-table in a bathrobe."


Premise: What interpretation became common in Unix systmes?

Hypothesis: That latter interpretation is the most common now.[citation needed]


Premise: What are some examples of Portugal's public cultural facilities?

Hypothesis: These include the Belém Cultural Centre in Lisbon, Serralves Foundation and the Casa da Música, both in Porto, as well as new public cultural facilities like municipal libraries and concert halls that were built or renovated in many municipalities across the country.


Premise: What government agency asked Marvel to do a series of stories to publicize an issue?

Hypothesis: However, the industry's self-censorship board, the Comics Code Authority, refused to approve the story because of the presence of narcotics, deeming the context of the story irrelevant.


Premise: What did Newton's philosophy do when applied to life,

Hypothesis: Following the Enlightenment's ideas, the reformers looked to the Scientific Revolution and industrial progress to solve the social problems which arose with the Industrial Revolution.


Premise: What did the team of engineers do?

Hypothesis: In the days following the disaster, an international reconnaissance team of engineers was dispatched to the region to make a detailed preliminary survey of damaged buildings.


Premise: Smyth wrote a tract titled what?

Hypothesis: In 1609, while still there, Smyth wrote a tract titled "The Character of the Beast," or "The False Constitution of the Church."


Premise: What have Western corporations penetrated?

Hypothesis: Donated used clothing from Western countries are also delivered to people in poor countries by charity organizations.


Premise: In what year was the Honor Code expanded to include other school standards, such as rules regarding drug use?

Hypothesis: President Wilkinson expanded the Honor Code in 1957 to include other school standards.


Premise: Which class was frustrated with Diaz due to corruption?

Hypothesis: When Díaz first ran for office, he committed to a strict “No Re-election” policy in which he disqualified himself to serve consecutive terms.


Premise: Who suggested that Chopin's preludes were not intended to be played as a group?

Hypothesis: The preludes were perhaps not intended to be played as a group, and may even have been used by him and later pianists as generic preludes to others of his pieces, or even to music by other composers, as Kenneth Hamilton suggests: he has noted a recording by Ferruccio Busoni of 1922, in which the Prelude Op.


Premise: The initial state of earth was what?

Hypothesis: Earth was initially molten due to extreme volcanism and frequent collisions with other bodies.


Premise: What has many organizations claiming ownership of patents related to aspects of MP3 led to?

Hypothesis: These claims led to a number of legal threats and actions from a variety of sources.


Premise: What political philosophy did Nasser adopt?

Hypothesis: Nasser was welcomed by large crowds of people lining the streets of Cairo on his return to Egypt on 2 May and was widely heralded in the press for his achievements and leadership in the conference.


Premise: How big were the tesserae in the Komnenian period miniature mosaic icons?

Hypothesis: In these icons the small tesserae (with sides of 1 mm or less) were set on wax or resin on a wooden panel.


Premise: When is assent effective if the presiding officers inform their houses at different times?

Hypothesis: Thus, if each presiding officer makes the announcement at a different time (for instance because one house is not sitting on a certain date), assent is regarded as effective when the second announcement is made.


Premise: Insects have what kind of sense of numbers?

Hypothesis: Some insects display a rudimentary sense of numbers, such as the solitary wasps that prey upon a single species.


Premise: In what suite did Schumann name a work for Chopin?

Hypothesis: Schumann named a piece for him in his suite Carnaval, and Chopin later dedicated his Ballade No. 2 in F major to Schumann.


Premise: What color was Alabama's electric chair?

Hypothesis: Some, particularly in Florida, were noted for malfunctions, which caused discussion of their cruelty and resulted in a shift to lethal injection as the preferred method of execution.


Premise: How large was the hard drive on the original iPod?

Hypothesis: Rubinstein had already discovered the Toshiba disk drive when meeting with an Apple supplier in Japan, and purchased the rights to it for Apple, and had also already worked out how the screen, battery, and other key elements would work.


Premise: During what century did businesses move out of Boston to find cheaper labor?

Hypothesis: In 1958, BRA initiated a project to improve the historic West End neighborhood.


Premise: What Revolutionary War motto have Washington, D.C. statehood supporters modified and used?

Hypothesis: Washington, D.C. residents who support the statehood movement sometimes use a shortened version of the Revolutionary War protest motto "No taxation without representation", omitting the initial "No", denoting their lack of Congressional representation; the phrase is now printed on newly issued Washington, D.C. license plates (although a driver may choose to have the Washington, D.C. website address instead).


Premise: Do grazing organisms often kill their prey?

Hypothesis: Grazing organisms may also kill their prey species, but this is seldom the case.


Premise: What is roughly the amount of African slaves imported to Brazil?

Hypothesis: From the last decades of the Empire until the 1950s, the proportion of the white population increased significantly while Brazil welcomed 5.5 million immigrants between 1821 and 1932, not much behind its neighbor Argentina with 6.4 million, and it received more European immigrants in its colonial history than the United States.


Premise: What is the population of Israel?

Hypothesis: Currently, Jews account for 75.4% of the Israeli population, or 6 million people.


Premise: What is contract law?

Hypothesis: However, there is still significant diversity in the interpretation of other kinds of contracts, depending upon the extent to which a given state has codified its common law of contracts or adopted portions of the Restatement (Second) of Contracts.


Premise: Who first translated Philosophus Autodidactus into latin?

Hypothesis: A Latin translation of Ibn Tufail's work, Philosophus Autodidactus, first appeared in 1671, prepared by Edward Pococke the Younger, followed by an English translation by Simon Ockley in 1708, as well as German and Dutch translations.


Premise: Which anniversary did P&O celebrate in Southampton?

Hypothesis: The importance of Southampton to the cruise industry was indicated by P&O Cruises's 175th anniversary celebrations, which included all seven of the company's liners visiting Southampton in a single day.


Premise: What percent of ownership of the new company was awarded to the British?

Hypothesis: National patriotic sensibilities would not permit a full-scale merger or takeover of either of the two companies.


Premise: What is Nepal's primary airport for international travel?

Hypothesis: The main international airport serving Kathmandu and thus Nepal is the Tribhuvan International Airport, located about six kilometers (6 km (3.7 mi)) from the city centre.


Premise: What is the flight range of shoebirds?

Hypothesis: Landbirds have a flight range of around 2,500 km (1,600 mi) and shorebirds can fly up to 4,000 km (2,500 mi), although the bar-tailed godwit is capable of non-stop flights of up to 10,200 km (6,300 mi).


Premise: When did Jesuit Father Ippolito Desideri spend time in Tibet?

Hypothesis: In 1661 another Jesuit, Johann Grueber, crossed Tibet from Sining to Lhasa (where he spent a month), before heading on to Nepal.


Premise: Where are other Non-native Christian communities found?

Hypothesis: Of the Christian minority in Egypt over 90% belong to the native Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria, an Oriental Orthodox Christian Church.


Premise: With whom did Tito's belief in self-determination cause a rift?

Hypothesis: His public speeches often reiterated that policy of neutrality and cooperation with all countries would be natural as long as these countries did not use their influence to pressure Yugoslavia to take sides.


Premise: Whitehead rejected the Cartesian idea in favor of what?

Hypothesis: Perhaps foremost among what Whitehead considered faulty metaphysical assumptions was the Cartesian idea that reality is fundamentally constructed of bits of matter that exist totally independently of one another, which he rejected in favor of an event-based or "process" ontology in which events are primary and are fundamentally interrelated and dependent on one another.


Premise: What is pharmaceutical fraud?

Hypothesis: Pharmaceutical fraud involves deceptions which bring financial gain to a pharmaceutical company.


Premise: The focus on learning in the 12th century is referred to as what?

Hypothesis: Thus, a suitable environment was created in which it became possible to question scientific doctrine, in much the same way that Martin Luther and John Calvin questioned religious doctrine.


Premise: The pact according to Edward Carr’s view was to provide what between Germany and the Soviet Union?

Hypothesis: According to Carr, an important advantage was that "if Soviet Russia had eventually to fight Hitler, the Western Powers would already be involved."[page needed]


Premise: Who held authority over Roman Catholic holy places after Sultan Abdülmecid I agreed to the new treaty?

Hypothesis: Napoleon III responded with a show of force, sending the ship of the line Charlemagne to the Black Sea.


Premise: Which Native American nation's emigration was first associated with the term "Trail of Tears?"

Hypothesis: The Cherokees were not the only American Indians forced to emigrate as a result of the Indian removal efforts of the United States, and so the phrase "Trail of Tears" is sometimes used to refer to similar events endured by other American Indian peoples, especially among the "Five Civilized Tribes".


Premise: What type of educational institute is Hesburgh given credit for creating at Notre Dame?

Hypothesis: Hesburgh is also credited with transforming the face of Notre Dame by making it a coeducational institution.


Premise: What is Beyonce's percentage of ownership in the new venture?

Hypothesis: The line will launch in April 2016.


Premise: What Ostrogothic leader led his people into Italy?

Hypothesis: In the 6th century, the Lombards settled in northern Italy, replacing the Ostrogothic kingdom with a grouping of duchies that occasionally selected a king to rule over them all.


Premise: When was the sash window developed?

Hypothesis: Windows in all types of buildings were large and regularly placed on a grid; this was partly to minimize window tax, which was in force throughout the period in the United Kingdom.


Premise: How many homes does PGW serve?

Hypothesis: In 2014, the Philadelphia City Council refused to conduct hearings on a $1.86 billion sale of PGW, part of a two-year effort that was proposed by the mayor.


Premise: What are biomorphism and zoomorphic architecture based after design wise?

Hypothesis: While it is considered by some to be merely an aspect of postmodernism, others consider it to be a school in its own right and a later development of expressionist architecture.


Premise: Who eventually oversaw completion of the Gelati Monastery?

Hypothesis: The use of mosaic in Gelati attests to some Byzantine influence in the country and was a demonstration of the imperial ambition of the Bagrationids.


Premise: What does IPM stand for?

Hypothesis: There are numerous different components involved in order to implement a Push-Pull Strategy in IPM.


Premise: What was the name of the satellite from which the BBC's signal was sent?

Hypothesis: This move was estimated to save the BBC £85 million over the next five years.


Premise: Whose art influence Madonna?

Hypothesis: Madonna is also a collector of Tamara de Lempicka's Art Deco paintings and has included them in her music videos and tours.


Premise: What was the film that Madonna starred in 2000?

Hypothesis: The Next Best Thing, and contributed two songs to the film's soundtrack; "Time Stood Still" and a cover of Don McLean's 1971 song "American Pie".


Premise: What is another element of the structure of a gene?

Hypothesis: The structure of a gene consists of many elements of which the actual protein coding sequence is often only a small part.


Premise: When did Univisión announce it was building a production studio in Miami?

Hypothesis: Univisión Studios is currently headquartered in Miami, and will produce programming for all of Univisión Communications' television networks.


Premise: In what year was Apple sued for issues relating to its battery life?

Hypothesis: An MP3.com report stated that this was virtually unachievable under real-life usage conditions, with a writer for MP3.com getting on average less than 8 hours from an iPod.


Premise: Where did this pattern come from?

Hypothesis: Some Western dialects present further reduction or vowel harmony in some cases.


Premise: Psychological anthropology examines how our models of social processes are informed by what?

Hypothesis: It also examines how the understanding of cognition, emotion, motivation, and similar psychological processes inform or constrain our models of cultural and social processes.


Premise: Where could you expect the extensive amount of cavalry troops to be sourced from?

Hypothesis: The cavalry was drawn primarily from the richest class of equestrians.


Premise: What is Atticus shooting the rabid dog symbolic of?

Hypothesis: For example, Atticus must shoot a rabid dog, even though it is not his job to do so.


Premise: What golf course hosts the Farmers Insurance Open?

Hypothesis: This course was also the site of the 2008 U.S. Open Golf Championship.


Premise: Until what year did some minorities need to lie about religion or not get mandatory state issued ID?

Hypothesis: A 2008 court ruling allowed members of unrecognised faiths to obtain identification and leave the religion field blank.


Premise: What is the elevation of Tennessee's highest point?

Hypothesis: Clingmans Dome, which lies on Tennessee's eastern border, is the highest point on the Appalachian Trail, and is the third highest peak in the United States east of the Mississippi River.


Premise: Who founded the Spoleto Festival USA?

Hypothesis: Charleston annually hosts Spoleto Festival USA founded by Gian Carlo Menotti, a 17-day art festival featuring over 100 performances by individual artists in a variety of disciplines.


Premise: What is the term referring to electricity generated by hydropower?

Hypothesis: Hydroelectricity is the term referring to electricity generated by hydropower; the production of electrical power through the use of the gravitational force of falling or flowing water.


Premise: When does the building housing Ye Olde Salutation Inn date back to?

Hypothesis: Ye Olde Man & Scythe in Bolton, Lancashire, is mentioned by name in a charter of 1251, but the current building is dated 1631.


Premise: It was an early backer of what

Hypothesis: A key aspect of the Gates Foundation's U.S. efforts involves an overhaul of the country's education policies at both the K-12 and college levels, including support for teacher evaluations and charter schools and opposition to seniority-based layoffs and other aspects of the education system that are typically backed by teachers' unions.


Premise: What was the average high end hard drive size?

Hypothesis: many people were able to encode and play back MP3 files on their PCs.


Premise: How many main stations of the Northern Railway serve the New Delhi area?

Hypothesis: New Delhi is a major junction in the Indian railway network and is the headquarters of the Northern Railway.


Premise: The regions of Białystok, Galicia and Przemyśl were returned to what country after world war II?

Hypothesis: Of the territories of Poland annexed by the Soviet Union between 1939 and 1940, the region around Białystok and a minor part of Galicia east of the San river around Przemyśl were returned to the Polish state at the end of World War II.


Premise: When did the UN General Assembly approve the Marshall Islands joining the UN?

Hypothesis: In international politics within the United Nations, the Marshall Islands has often voted consistently with the United States with respect to General Assembly resolutions.


Premise: What were the Uyghurs claiming to be?

Hypothesis: The four men were among 22 Uyghurs who claimed to be refugees, who were captured in 2001 in Pakistan after fleeing the American aerial bombardment of Afghanistan.


Premise: Compression ratio depends on the sample rate and bit depth of which signal?

Hypothesis: Compression efficiency of encoders is typically defined by the bit rate, because compression ratio depends on the bit depth and sampling rate of the input signal.


Premise: What can help make LEDs more widely used?

Hypothesis: Barcode scanners are the most common example of machine vision, and many low cost products use red LEDs instead of lasers.


Premise: What organization invited Northwestern to become a member in 1917?

Hypothesis: The Association of American Universities invited Northwestern to become a member in 1917.


Premise: Which Dell committee handles accounting issues?

Hypothesis: These committees include the Audit Committee, which handles accounting issues, including auditing and reporting; the Compensation Committee, which approves compensation for the CEO and other employees of the company; the Finance Committee, which handles financial matters such as proposed mergers and acquisitions; the Governance and Nominating Committee, which handles various corporate matters (including nomination of the board); and the Antitrust Compliance Committee, which attempts to prevent company practices from violating antitrust laws.[citation needed]


Premise: W is set to to be the major stock holder of the business that first rang a bell to begin in the winter of 2014 in Myanmar ?

Hypothesis: In December 2014, Myanmar signed an agreement to set up its first stock exchange.


Premise: What company introduced the first HD video conferencing system to the general market?

Hypothesis: As of the 2010s, high definition resolution for videoconferencing became a popular feature, with most major suppliers in the videoconferencing market offering it.


Premise: How many members are in Freemasonry?

Hypothesis: In the United States total membership is just under two million.


Premise: What did Locke's 'tabula rasa' concept say happens to the mind?

Hypothesis: Primary qualities are essential for the object in question to be what it is.


Premise: What was the nature of the role of the Vestals in state sacrifices?

Hypothesis: Indirectly, they played a role in every official sacrifice; among their duties was the preparation of the mola salsa, the salted flour that was sprinkled on every sacrificial victim as part of its immolation.


Premise: Which poet critic in 1911 with a group of poets accepted the term Cubism?

Hypothesis: In 1911, the poet and critic Guillaume Apollinaire accepted the term on behalf of a group of artists invited to exhibit at the Brussels Indépendants.


Premise: How many islands are in the Tuvalu group?

Hypothesis: Eight of the nine islands of Tuvalu were inhabited; thus the name, Tuvalu, means "eight standing together" in Tuvaluan (compare to *walo meaning "eight" in Proto-Austronesian).


Premise: Where do plants store their DNA?

Hypothesis: Uniquely, streptophyte cells and those of the green algal order Trentepohliales divide by construction of a phragmoplast as a template for building a cell plate late in cell division.


Premise: The 1998 Good Friday Agreement resulted in what arrangement?

Hypothesis: These arrangements were made following the 1998 Good Friday Agreement.


Premise: What is the meaning of the word neuron in Greek?

Hypothesis: In stress situations plants can overwrite the genomes they inherited from their parents and revert to that of their grand- or great-grandparents.[citation needed]


Premise: How many Buddhists were there in 1910?

Hypothesis: According to them, there was a fast annual growth of Buddhism in Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, Lebanon and several Western European countries (1910–2010).


Premise: What percentage of Lancashire is Asian?

Hypothesis: Lancashire is home to a significant Asian population, numbering over 70,000 and 6% of the county's population, and concentrated largely in the former cotton mill towns in the south east.


Premise: What are electric double-layer capacitors called today?

Hypothesis: Last but not least the electric double-layer capacitor (now Supercapacitors) were invented.


Premise: Backwoods settlers of Northern Florida are known as

Hypothesis: These migrants, mixing with the already present British settlers who had remained in Florida since the British period, would be the progenitors of the population known as Florida Crackers.


Premise: What movie produced in 2000 investigated conspiracy theories surrounding the notorious Skull and Bone Society in New Haven?

Hypothesis: New Haven was also fictionalized in the movie The Skulls (2000), which focused on conspiracy theories surrounding the real-life Skull and Bones secret society which is located in New Haven.


Premise: How was a barrage balloon tethered to the ground?

Hypothesis: Firstly, it and the steel cable were a danger to any aircraft that tried to fly among them.


Premise: when was the new fishing factory ready for use?

Hypothesis: The new facility was ready in July 2009, for the start of the 2009–10 fishing season.


Premise: Why was Liberia's GDP growth stalled in 2007?

Hypothesis: The global financial crisis slowed GDP growth to 4.6% in 2009, though a strengthening agricultural sector led by rubber and timber exports increased growth to 5.1% in 2010 and an expected 7.3% in 2011, making the economy one of the 20 fastest growing in the world.


Premise: When did the black population explode?

Hypothesis: The city was a destination for thousands of Irish immigrants fleeing the Great Famine in the 1840s; housing for them was developed south of South Street, and was later occupied by succeeding immigrants.


Premise: When did Chopin debut at Salle Pleyel ?

Hypothesis: " On 26 February 1832 Chopin gave a debut Paris concert at the Salle Pleyel which drew universal admiration.


Premise: Who is the Mayor of Miami?

Hypothesis: The City of Miami is governed by Mayor Tomás Regalado and 5 City commissioners which oversee the five districts in the City.


Premise: Would you consider aesthetic elements alone in architectural lighting design?

Hypothesis: Lighting design as it applies to the built environment is known as 'architectural lighting design'.


Premise: What was the average age of American Idols viewers in its first season?

Hypothesis: was 47.2 compared to a median age of 32.1 in its first season.


Premise: What architectural style was used to design Branch House?

Hypothesis: The firm of John Russell Pope designed Broad Street Station as well as Branch House on Monument Avenue, designed as a private residence in the Tudor style, now serving as the Branch Museum of Architecture and Design.


Premise: Prior to the civil war in '97, how many non-Africans lived in the Republic of the Congo?

Hypothesis: Around 300 American expatriates reside in the Congo.


Premise: What dubious distinction has Comcast earned twice from The Consumerist?

Hypothesis: These issues, in addition to others, led to Comcast being dubbed "The Worst Company in America" by The Consumerist in 2014 and 2010.


Premise: In the film Dick Tracy, who did Madonna starred as?

Hypothesis: Madonna starred as Breathless Mahoney in the film Dick Tracy (1990), with Warren Beatty playing the title role.


Premise: Who did the Tidewater settlers remain loyal to during the American revolution?

Hypothesis: Arriving during the mid- to late 18th century, the Scots-Irish from what is today Northern Ireland were the largest non-English immigrant group before the Revolution; English indentured servants were overwhelmingly the largest immigrant group before the Revolution.


Premise: What did Oda mean?

Hypothesis: A man was addressed by his family name and his title, or by his yobina if he did not have a title.


Premise: How many people lived in the affected area?

Hypothesis: Approximately 15 million people lived in the affected area.


Premise: Marmontel contrasted "the opinion of men of letters" with what?

Hypothesis: Enlightenment thinkers frequently contrasted their conception of the "public" with that of the people: Condorcet contrasted "opinion" with populace, Marmontel "the opinion of men of letters" with "the opinion of the multitude," and d'Alembert the "truly enlightened public" with "the blind and noisy multitude".


Premise: What is the length of the border that Estonia shares with Lativa?

Hypothesis: For this reason the borders between Estonia and Russia are still not defined.


Premise: What have scientist began to test due to the fact that adrogen results in sexual differences?

Hypothesis: The newly formed testicles in the fetus are responsible for the secretion of androgens, that will cooperate in driving the sexual differentiation of the developing fetus, included its brain.


Premise: In Australia, what percentage of non-passerine birds were partially migratory

Hypothesis: Species may also travel shorter distances over part of their range, with individuals from higher latitudes travelling into the existing range of conspecifics; others undertake partial migrations, where only a fraction of the population, usually females and subdominant males, migrates.


Premise: What kinds of hotels does Brasilia have?

Hypothesis: The city's planned design included specific areas for almost everything, including accommodation, Hotels Sectors North and South.


Premise: What does mercury make most metals do?

Hypothesis: Mercury was often used in mining, to extract precious metals like gold and silver from their ores.


Premise: How many families were still without permanent homes?

Hypothesis: 1,300 schools had been reconstructed, with initial relocation of 25 townships, including Beichuan and Wenchuan, two of the most devastated areas.


Premise: How many public lakes are in Raleigh?

Hypothesis: The Raleigh Parks and Recreation Department offers a wide variety of leisure opportunities at more than 150 sites throughout the city, which include: 8,100 acres (33 km2) of park land, 78 miles (126 km) of greenway, 22 community centers, a BMX championship-caliber race track, 112 tennis courts among 25 locations, 5 public lakes, and 8 public aquatic facilities.


Premise: Where do you look for the pronunciation of different dialects?

Hypothesis: The descriptions below are mostly for this variety.


Premise: In March of 2012 whom gained control of Mali?

Hypothesis: In January 2012 a Tuareg rebellion began in Northern Mali, led by the National Movement for the Liberation of Azawad.


Premise: How do young learn migratory routes?

Hypothesis: The typical image of migration is of northern landbirds, such as swallows (Hirundinidae) and birds of prey, making long flights to the tropics.


Premise: What is the summer weather like?

Hypothesis: Summers are typically hot and muggy, fall and spring are generally mild, and winter is cold.


Premise: What allows Link to switch between his two forms?

Hypothesis: Now able to use it to switch between both forms at will, Link is led by Midna to the Mirror of Twilight located deep within the Gerudo Desert, the only known gateway between the Twilight Realm and Hyrule.


Premise: What makes Washington University unique among other American universities?

Hypothesis: Early on, Eliot solicited support from members of the local business community, including John O'Fallon, but Eliot failed to secure a permanent endowment.


Premise: Who put a stop to the lack of law and presence of disorder in post-Revolutionary France?

Hypothesis: His critics charge that he was not significantly troubled when faced with the prospect of war and death for thousands, turned his search for undisputed rule into a series of conflicts throughout Europe and ignored treaties and conventions alike.


Premise: What were India's two largest political parties in the 1940s?

Hypothesis: The borders drawn by the British to broadly partition India into Hindu and Muslim areas left tens of millions as minorities in the newly independent states of India and Pakistan.


Premise: Where studio hosts the live final rounds on American Idol?

Hypothesis: The finals are broadcast in prime time from CBS Television City in Los Angeles, in front of a live studio audience.


Premise: What did Bruce Voeller do with his findings?

Hypothesis: Voeller generalized this finding and used it as part of the modern gay rights movement to convince politicians and the public that "we [gays and lesbians] are everywhere".


Premise: How many torchbearers carried the torch?

Hypothesis: No politicians from the pro-democracy camp were selected as torchbearers.


Premise: What is an example of a product Wall Street invented to answer the demand for income generating investments?

Hypothesis: This pool of money had roughly doubled in size from 2000 to 2007, yet the supply of relatively safe, income generating investments had not grown as fast.


Premise: Who was the first person in space?

Hypothesis: The Soviet Union beat the US to this, with the October 4, 1957 orbiting of Sputnik 1, and later beat the US to the first human in space, Yuri Gagarin, on April 12, 1961.


Premise: Though invasion plans were drawn up the the Germans, which war did Switzerland escape attack during?

Hypothesis: During World War II, detailed invasion plans were drawn up by the Germans, but Switzerland was never attacked.


Premise: What is the meaning of federalism?

Hypothesis: For example, at the time those nations were being established, factions known as "federalists" in the United States and Australia advocated the formation of strong central government.


Premise: Where had Napoleon advanced to when he received word that Paris was lost?

Hypothesis: Napoleon had advanced as far as Fontainebleau when he learned that Paris was lost.


Premise: What was the document Nasser backed to push his socialist reforms?

Hypothesis: In order to organize and solidify his popular base with Egypt's citizens and counter the army's influence, Nasser introduced the National Charter in 1962 and a new constitution.


Premise: The present-day population of Ashkenazi Jews is thought to be between which two numbers?

Hypothesis: It is estimated that in the 11th century Ashkenazi Jews composed only three percent of the world's Jewish population, while at their peak in 1931 they accounted for 92 percent of the world's Jews.


Premise: Which factors concerning the Good Friday earthquake do some believe caused a higher survival rate?

Hypothesis: It was the second-most-powerful earthquake in the recorded history of the world, with a moment magnitude of 9.2.


Premise: Who were the main competitors that  had a monopoly of the spice trade in Malaccan?

Hypothesis: In 1634, the Mughal emperor extended his hospitality to the English traders to the region of Bengal, and in 1717 completely waived customs duties for the trade.


Premise: What percent of Japanese troops died on Okinawa?

Hypothesis: Of the 117,000 Japanese troops defending Okinawa, 94 percent died.


Premise: What was key factor did the Prussian General Staff study?

Hypothesis: The Prussian General Staff developed by Moltke proved to be extremely effective, in contrast to the traditional French school.


Premise: How much of the rainforest remains in Norfolk Island today?

Hypothesis: The Norfolk Island palm (Rhopalostylis baueri) and the smooth tree-fern (Cyathea brownii), the tallest tree-fern in the world, are common in the Norfolk Island National Park but rare elsewhere on the island.


Premise: Who did Turner ink a deal with to distribute Warner Bros. films from before 1950?

Hypothesis: Before the creation of Turner Classic Movies, films from Turner's library of movies aired on the Turner Broadcasting System's advertiser-supported cable network TNT – along with colorized versions of black-and-white classics such as The Maltese Falcon.


Premise: Who was the first reigning monarch from Britain to set foot in Spain?

Hypothesis: In 1889, during a stay in Biarritz, she became the first reigning monarch from Britain to set foot in Spain when she crossed the border for a brief visit.


Premise: The ideals of the Enlightenment were incorporated into which two United States documents?

Hypothesis: The Americans Benjamin Franklin and Thomas Jefferson came to Europe during the period and contributed actively to the scientific and political debate, and the ideals of the Enlightenment were incorporated into the United States Declaration of Independence and the Constitution of the United States.


Premise: What wheelchair-bound bearer of the Olympic torch displayed a Tibetan flag?

Hypothesis: Two torchbearers carried the flame running slowly behind a truck and surrounded by Olympic security guards.


Premise: What was the name of the new link between India and China by land?

Hypothesis: The American General Joseph Stilwell, who also was deputy commander to Mountbatten and commanded U.S. forces in the China Burma India Theater, directed aid to China and prepared to construct the Ledo Road to link India and China by land.


Premise: What two indiginous pre-hispanic culture has survived to this point?

Hypothesis: Two aspects of indigenous pre-Hispanic culture that withstood time are chenchule' and inafa'maolek.


Premise: What percentage of people who've had upper limbs amputated feel phantom pain?

Hypothesis: The prevalence of phantom pain in upper limb amputees is nearly 82%, and in lower limb amputees is 54%.


Premise: How did the French assist against the rebels?

Hypothesis: In November 2006, Bozizé's government requested French military support to help them repel rebels who had taken control of towns in the country's northern regions.


Premise: Where do archeologists believe that alchemy was first practiced?

Hypothesis: The Baghdad Battery, with copper cylinders soldered to lead, dates back to 248 BC to AD 226 and resembles a galvanic cell, leading people to believe this was the first battery; the claim has not been verified.


Premise: Who took control of Egypt in 525 BC?

Hypothesis: In 525 BC, the powerful Achaemenid Persians, led by Cambyses II, began their conquest of Egypt, eventually capturing the pharaoh Psamtik III at the battle of Pelusium.


Premise: How many people at the last census were under 18?

Hypothesis: Philadelphia's death rate was at its lowest in at least a half-century, 13,691 deaths in 2013.


Premise: What force used Sunderland flying boats out of Devonport?

Hypothesis: This was largely due to Plymouth's status as a major port Charles Church was hit by incendiary bombs and partially destroyed in 1941 during the Blitz, but has not been demolished, as it is now an official permanent monument to the bombing of Plymouth during World War II.


Premise: What was the first novel published under this deal?

Hypothesis: Marvel first licensed two prose novels to Bantam Books, who printed The Avengers Battle the Earth Wrecker by Otto Binder (1967) and Captain America:


Premise: Who was allowed to wear feather cloaks and palaoa in old school Hawaiian society?

Hypothesis: In China, before establishment of the republic, only the emperor could wear yellow.


Premise: What cannot travel on Downtown Miami streets during "Bike Miami"?

Hypothesis: The city has begun construction of bike routes as of late 2009, and ordinances requiring bike parking in all future construction in the city became mandatory as of October 2009.


Premise: Animals that consume parts of their prey are considered to be

Hypothesis: Grazing organisms may also kill their prey species, but this is seldom the case.


Premise: Where does Oklahoma rank by land area?

Hypothesis: It is bounded on the east by Arkansas and Missouri, on the north by Kansas, on the northwest by Colorado, on the far west by New Mexico, and on the south and near-west by Texas.


Premise: How many people died on the first German raid on London?

Hypothesis: The first German raid on London, on 7 September 1940, killed about one thousand civilians, mostly in the East End.


Premise: How do robberies at BYU's Provo compare to the national average?

Hypothesis: Murder is rare, and robberies are about 1/10 the national average.


Premise: When did Arsenal FC leave Highbury stadium?

Hypothesis: The original stadium was designed by the renowned football architect Archibald Leitch, and had a design common to many football grounds in the UK at the time, with a single covered stand and three open-air banks of terracing.


Premise: What younger sister of Beyonce also appeared in Destiny's Child?

Hypothesis: Beyoncé's name is a tribute to her mother's maiden name.


Premise: What are some consequences of the investments

Hypothesis: First, sub-Saharan Africa already suffered from a shortage of primary doctors before the arrival of the Gates Foundation, but "by pouring most contributions into the fight against such high-profile killers as AIDS, Gates grantees have increased the demand for specially trained, higher-paid clinicians, diverting staff from basic care" in sub-Saharan Africa.


Premise: What type of highways let commuters get to cities fast?

Hypothesis: He, Ning–Hang enable commuters to travel to Shanghai, Hefei, Hangzhou, and other important cities quickly and conveniently.


Premise: What percentage of Smartphone users use the youtube app?

Hypothesis: According to GlobalWebIndex, YouTube was used by 35% of smartphone users between April and June 2013, making it the third most used app.


Premise: What is its largest island?

Hypothesis: Located in the North-West of the Iberian Peninsula, it comprises the provinces of A Coruña, Lugo, Ourense and Pontevedra, being bordered by Portugal to the south, the Spanish autonomous communities of Castile and León and Asturias to the east, and the Atlantic Ocean to the west and the north.


Premise: Who chastis Scout for the way she dresse and accuses her of ruining her family name?

Hypothesis: Scout's primary identification with her father and older brother allows her to describe the variety and depth of female characters in the novel both as one of them and as an outsider.


Premise: How many down-ballot candidates did Kerry help support?

Hypothesis: Kerry established a separate political action committee, Keeping America's Promise, which declared as its mandate "A Democratic Congress will restore accountability to Washington and help change a disastrous course in Iraq", and raised money and channeled contributions to Democratic candidates in state and federal races.


Premise: What opposition movement was based in Arabia and Basra?

Hypothesis: Following the death of Husayn, Ibn al-Zubayr, although remaining in Mecca, was associated with two opposition movements, one centered in Medina and the other around Kharijites in Basra and Arabia.


Premise: What type of words are used to do sound effects in comics?

Hypothesis: Speech balloons themselves are strongly associated with comics, such that the addition of one to an image is sufficient to turn the image into comics.


Premise: How does the 360 S then react to an overheating situation?

Hypothesis: The newer Xbox 360 S model indicates system overheating when the console's power button begins to flash red, unlike previous models where the first and third quadrant of the ring would light up red around the power button if overheating occurred.


Premise: Who authored Whitehead's biography that is considered to be the most reliable description of Whitehead's life?

Hypothesis: Additionally, Whitehead was known for his "almost fanatical belief in the right to privacy", and for writing very few personal letters of the kind that would help to gain insight on his life.


Premise: In 2013, on what day were Arena Football League games usually broadcast on CBS Sports Network?

Hypothesis: For the 2013 season, the league's new national broadcast partner was the CBS Sports Network.


Premise: How does a CCA impact unlisted species?

Hypothesis: The Candidate Conservation Agreement is closely related to the "Safe Harbor" agreement, the main difference is that the Candidate Conservation Agreements With Assurances(CCA) are meant to protect unlisted species by providing incentives to private landowners and land managing agencies to restore, enhance or maintain habitat of unlisted species which are declining and have the potential to become threatened or endangered if critical habitat is not protected.


Premise: What is necessary to stabilize the low oxidation state of zinc(l) compounds?

Hypothesis: Most zinc(I) compounds contain formally the [Zn2]2+ core, which is analogous to the [Hg2]2+ dimeric cation present in mercury(I) compounds.


Premise: Who was a great admirer of some of the methods of the Iroquois Confederacy?

Hypothesis: As well, there was no spread of this doctrine within the New World and the advanced civilizations of the Aztec, Maya, Inca, Mohican, Delaware, Huron and especially the Iroquois.


Premise: What does OKL stand for?

Hypothesis: The decision to change strategy is sometimes claimed as a major mistake by the Oberkommando der Luftwaffe (OKL).


Premise: What ranking in the country does Greater Boston metro hold as far as economy?

Hypothesis: Encompassing $363 billion, the Greater Boston metropolitan area has the sixth-largest economy in the country and 12th-largest in the world.


Premise: Who commanded the Union armies during the Seven Days Battles?

Hypothesis: The Seven Days Battles followed in late June and early July 1862, during which Union General McClellan threatened to take Richmond but ultimately failed.


Premise: What were the early concerns for the field of Sociology culture?

Hypothesis: For instance, relationships between popular culture, political control, and social class were early and lasting concerns in the field.


Premise: Who had been leading the French forces?

Hypothesis: The distance of the French forces and their allies allowed the Ministry of War, led by General Negrete, to reorganize the state's national guard into the Patriotic Battalion of Chihuahua, which was deployed to fight in the battle of Matamoros, Tamaulipas against the French.


Premise: What was ether originally thought to be made of?

Hypothesis: While outer space provides the most rarefied example of a naturally occurring partial vacuum, the heavens were originally thought to be seamlessly filled by a rigid indestructible material called aether.


Premise: According to the Maplecroft Child Labour Index how many countries post risks for child labour?

Hypothesis: Maplecroft Child Labour Index 2012 survey reports 76 countries pose extreme child labour complicity risks for companies operating worldwide.


Premise: By what year had all of the pirates in the NC Province been captured or killed?

Hypothesis: Pirates menaced the coastal settlements, but by 1718 the pirates had been captured and killed.


Premise: Who believed that behind the appearance of things, there was a permanent principle of mathematics?

Hypothesis: This probably influenced the theory of numbers of Pythagoras, who believed that behind the appearance of things, there was the permanent principle of mathematics.


Premise: Until what day is the Quran believed to be in effect?

Hypothesis: The concept of inimitability originates in the Quran where in five different verses opponents are challenged to produce something like the Quran: "If men and sprites banded together to produce the like of this Quran they would never produce its like not though they backed one another."


Premise: Timing and pace of comics is made by adjusting size, shape and what of panels?

Hypothesis: The size, shape, and arrangement of panels each affect the timing and pacing of the narrative.


Premise: What do the ribbons on the trophy mean?

Hypothesis: Two of the lions are found above the handles on either side of the trophy – the third is symbolised by the captain of the title winning team as he raises the trophy, and its gold crown, above his head at the end of the season.


Premise: At what event did the major Allied powers assert their conditions at the end of the war?

Hypothesis: The outbreak of World War I in 1914 was precipitated by the rise of nationalism in Southeastern Europe as the Great Powers took up sides.


Premise: What is another name for the Confederacy's executive mansion?

Hypothesis: The Confederate Congress shared quarters with the Virginia General Assembly in the Virginia State Capitol, with the Confederacy's executive mansion, the "White House of the Confederacy", located two blocks away.


Premise: What are cilia?

Hypothesis: Many annelids move by peristalsis (waves of contraction and expansion that sweep along the body), or flex the body while using parapodia to crawl or swim.


Premise: Who assists the FBI director?

Hypothesis: Since then, the director now reports to the Director of National Intelligence (DNI), who in turn reports to the President.


Premise: What was Jan Joosten van Lodensteijn's Japanese name?

Hypothesis: Jan Joosten van Lodensteijn (1556?–1623?), a Dutch colleague of Adams' on their ill-fated voyage to Japan in the ship De Liefde, was also given similar privileges by Tokugawa Ieyasu.


Premise: What is the city's sole fresh water river?

Hypothesis: The Bronx River, which flows through the Bronx and Westchester County, is the only entirely fresh water river in the city.


Premise: What is the main principle of lectio brevior?

Hypothesis: The first is the general observation that scribes tended to add words, for clarification or out of habit, more often than they removed them.


Premise: How did the Egyptian press react to Nasser's accomplishments?

Hypothesis: Nasser was welcomed by large crowds of people lining the streets of Cairo on his return to Egypt on 2 May and was widely heralded in the press for his achievements and leadership in the conference.


Premise: Who led the final government of the RSFSR?

Hypothesis: The Government was known officially as the Council of People's Commissars (1917–1946), Council of Ministers (1946–1978) and Council of Ministers–Government (1978–1991).


Premise: Who earned an Academy Award for the song "Vogue" and "Sooner or Later?"

Hypothesis: Rolling Stone called it an "elaborately choreographed, sexually provocative extravaganza" and proclaimed it "the best tour of 1990".


Premise: In what borough did the Stonewall riots happen?

Hypothesis: The Stonewall riots were a series of spontaneous, violent demonstrations by members of the gay community against a police raid that took place in the early morning hours of June 28, 1969, at the Stonewall Inn in the Greenwich Village neighborhood of Lower Manhattan.


Premise: How many routes does Nanjing's airport run?

Hypothesis: The airport is connected by a 29-kilometre (18 mi) highway directly to the city center, and is also linked to various intercity highways, making it accessible to the passengers from the surrounding cities.


Premise: Who was one early naysayer of Humanism?

Hypothesis: Early 20th century critics such as Ezra Pound, T. E. Hulme, and T. S. Eliot considered humanism to be sentimental "slop" (


Premise: In what country was the trading base for the Dutch?

Hypothesis: The British—who set up a trading post in the west coast port of Surat in 1619—and the French.


Premise: How many people are in the original Digimon?

Hypothesis: Its premise is a group of 7 kids who, while at summer camp, travel to the Digital World, inhabited by creatures known as Digital Monsters, or Digimon, learning they are chosen to be "DigiDestined" ("Chosen Children" in the Japanese version) to save both the Digital and Real World from evil.


Premise: Akkadian's language can be traced to the Semitic branch of what languages?

Hypothesis: The Sumerian language is generally regarded as a language isolate in linguistics because it belongs to no known language family; Akkadian, by contrast, belongs to the Semitic branch of the Afroasiatic languages.


Premise: What was the Grand Council?

Hypothesis: The core institution of the inner court was the Grand Council.[g]


Premise: How long does it usually take to be promoted from second to first lieutenant in the USAF?

Hypothesis: DOPMA also establishes limits on the number of officers that can serve at any given time in the Air Force.


Premise: What is Harper Lee's hometown?

Hypothesis: In 2006, British librarians ranked the book ahead of the Bible as one "every adult should read before they die".


Premise: What is sufficient to divide the weather patterns in Europe into a wet north and dry south?

Hypothesis: The effect of mountain chains on prevailing winds is to carry warm air belonging to the lower region into an upper zone, where it expands in volume at the cost of a proportionate loss of temperature, often accompanied by precipitation in the form of snow or rain.


Premise: What years did hunting decline?

Hypothesis: Overall, in the 1996–2006 period, the number of hunters over the age of sixteen declined by ten percent, a drop attributable to a number of factors including habitat loss and changes in recreation habits.


Premise: When were the surface-to-air missile systems introduced?

Hypothesis: Artillery weapons of this sort have for the most part been superseded by the effective surface-to-air missile systems that were introduced in the 1950s, although they were still retained by many nations.


Premise: What government body advises the president on appointing a Lieutenant Governor?

Hypothesis: The head of state of Delhi is the Lieutenant Governor of the Union Territory of Delhi, appointed by the President of India on the advice of the Central government and the post is largely ceremonial, as the Chief Minister of the Union Territory of Delhi is the head of government and is vested with most of the executive powers.


Premise: Which island is part of Atlantic Islands of Galicia National Park?

Hypothesis: Together with Cortegada Island, these make up the Atlantic Islands of Galicia National Park.


Premise: What happens when an anesthetic injection is directed into the nerves a limb stump?

Hypothesis: Local anesthetic injections into the nerves or sensitive areas of the stump may relieve pain for days, weeks, or sometimes permanently, despite the drug wearing off in a matter of hours; and small injections of hypertonic saline into the soft tissue between vertebrae produces local pain that radiates into the phantom limb for ten minutes or so and may be followed by hours, weeks or even longer of partial or total relief from phantom pain.


Premise: What determines how fast a tungsten filament evaporates?

Hypothesis: Because of this, the lifetime of a filament lamp is a trade-off between efficiency and longevity.


Premise: What was one of the factors for this behavior in Africa?

Hypothesis: In the case of Africa, one of the factors for this behavior was political instability, and the fact that new governments often confiscated previous government's corruptly obtained assets.


Premise: What type of tissue takes up most of the body of a leech?

Hypothesis: However, leeches and their closest relatives have a body structure that is very uniform within the group but significantly different from that of other annelids, including other members of the Clitellata.


Premise: Who ruled as the the Hongwu Emperor?

Hypothesis: It is not clear how much the early Ming court understood the civil war going on in Tibet between rival religious sects, but the first emperor was anxious to avoid the same trouble that Tibet had caused for the Tang dynasty.


Premise: Who spoke disparagingly about the Drake Circus Shopping Centre?

Hypothesis: It received negative feedback before opening when David Mackay said it was already "ten years out of date".


Premise: The Diocese of Saint Helena has it's own what?

Hypothesis: The 150th anniversary of the diocese was celebrated in June 2009.


Premise: What period is covered by the 2009 Human Development Report?

Hypothesis: The 2009 Human Development Report by UNDP was released on October 5, 2009, and covers the period up to 2007.


Premise: In what geographical region of the United States is New York City located?

Hypothesis: Most of New York City is built on the three islands of Long Island, Manhattan, and Staten Island.


Premise: Where have many of these US Air Force pilots chosen to find employment instead?

Hypothesis: In response to squadron groundings and flight time reductions, many Air Force pilots have opted to resign from active duty and enter the Air Force Reserve and Air National Guard while pursuing careers in the commercial airlines where they can find flight hours on more modern aircraft.


Premise: What do USB's implement connections to?

Hypothesis: The ability to boot a write-locked SD card with a USB adapter is particularly advantageous for maintaining the integrity and non-corruptible, pristine state of the booting medium.


Premise: Who was Secretary of State in 1957?

Hypothesis: In May 1957 Diem, then President of South Vietnam, made a state visit to the United States for ten days.


Premise: Where had northern printing been moved to?

Hypothesis: In January 2008 the Wapping presses printed The Sun for the last time and London printing was transferred to Waltham Cross in the Borough of Broxbourne in Hertfordshire, where News International had built what is claimed to be the largest printing centre in Europe with 12 presses.


Premise: What is anthropology a study of?

Hypothesis: Archaeology, which studies past human cultures through investigation of physical evidence, is thought of as a branch of anthropology in the United States, while in Europe, it is viewed as a discipline in its own right, or grouped under other related disciplines such as history.


Premise: Along with Devonian slate, Middle Devonian limestone and limestone, what stone provides the geologic base of Plymouth?

Hypothesis: Geologically, Plymouth has a mixture of limestone, Devonian slate, granite and Middle Devonian limestone.


Premise: What newspaper was founded by Express Newspaper?

Hypothesis: The new editor of The Sun, Kelvin MacKenzie, took up his post in 1981 just after these developments, and "changed the British tabloid concept more profoundly than [Larry] Lamb did", according to Bruce Page, MacKenzie


Premise: What was the new name given to the Russian SFSR after the resignation of Gorbachev?

Hypothesis: On December 25—just hours after Gorbachev resigned as president of the Soviet Union—the Russian SFSR was renamed the Russian Federation (Russia), reflecting that it was now a sovereign state with Yeltsin assuming the Presidency.


Premise: In what year was the Pure Food and Drugs Act passed?

Hypothesis: This was followed in 1906 by the Pure Food and Drugs Act, which forbade the interstate distribution of adulterated or misbranded foods and drugs.


Premise: What has the KInsey scaled been praised for?

Hypothesis: However, the scale has been criticized because it is still not a true continuum.


Premise: What would original term "bacteria" determine?

Hypothesis: The term "bacteria" was traditionally applied to all microscopic, single-cell prokaryotes.


Premise: Who thought Burke was like an architect remodeling an old house instead of tearing it down?

Hypothesis: The Cobdenite Radical Francis Hirst thought Burke deserved "a place among English libertarians, even though of all lovers of liberty and of all reformers he was the most conservative, the least abstract, always anxious to preserve and renovate rather than to innovate.


Premise: What year was RJ Reynolds Tobacco Company founded?

Hypothesis: Winston-Salem is the birthplace of R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company (RJR), founded by R. J. Reynolds in 1874 as one of 16 tobacco companies in the town.


Premise: At what location was the North African campaign planned?

Hypothesis: The word "expeditionary" was dropped soon after his appointment for security reasons.


Premise: Who designed RIBA's headquarters?

Hypothesis: * listed building designed by architect George Grey Wornum with sculptures by Edward Bainbridge Copnall and James Woodford.


Premise: What group is the enemy of the protagonist?

Hypothesis: Several recurring James Bond characters, including M, Q and Eve Moneypenny return, with the new additions of Léa Seydoux as Dr. Madeleine Swann, Dave Bautista as Mr. Hinx, Andrew Scott as Max Denbigh and Monica Bellucci as Lucia Sciarra.


Premise: Where was Feyman sent after his work at Los Alamos?

Hypothesis: Feynman's other work at Los Alamos included calculating neutron equations for the Los Alamos "Water Boiler", a small nuclear reactor, to measure how close an assembly of fissile material was to criticality.


Premise: How long can it take to create a DBMS?

Hypothesis: However, the fact that their development cost can be spread over a large number of users means that they are often the most cost-effective approach.


Premise: What caused Darwin to change his mind about the unbridgeable gap between animals and humans?

Hypothesis: The three Fuegian missionaries the expedition returned to Tierra del Fuego were friendly and civilised, yet to Darwin their relatives on the island seemed "miserable, degraded savages", and he no longer saw an unbridgeable gap between humans and animals.


Premise: How does Popper describe the "monsters" that evolve in his view of evolutionary processes?

Hypothesis: Popper contrasted this view as "evolution from within" or "active Darwinism" (the organism actively trying to discover new ways of life and being on a quest for conquering new ecological niches), with the naturalistic "evolution from without" (which has the picture of a hostile environment only trying to kill the mostly passive organism, or perhaps segregate some of its groups).


Premise: What is the average number of pups per litter?

Hypothesis: An average litter consists of about six puppies, though this number may vary widely based on the breed of dog.


Premise: What natural resource dropped in value?

Hypothesis: Copper rose over speculations that production in southwestern China may be affected, and oil prices dropped over speculations that demand from China would fall.


Premise: If a team is relegated in the Premier League what type of tv payment do they receive?

Hypothesis: Though designed to help teams adjust to the loss of television revenues (the average Premier League team receives £55 million while the average Football League Championship club receives £2 million), critics maintain that the payments actually widen the gap between teams that have reached the Premier League and those that have not, leading to the common occurrence of teams "bouncing back" soon after their relegation.


Premise: Who initially proposed using the term "Native American" to recognize the primacy of the native population?

Hypothesis: During the latter half of the 20th century and the rise of the Indian rights movement, the United States government responded by proposing the use of the term "Native American," to recognize the primacy of indigenous peoples' tenure in the nation, but this term was not fully accepted.


Premise: In what year did Kathmandu create its initial international relationship?

Hypothesis: KMC's constant endeavor is to enhance its interaction with SAARC countries, other International agencies and many other major cities of the world to achieve better urban management and developmental programs for Kathmandu.


Premise: What was the murders of the missionaries called?

Hypothesis: On November 1, 1897, two German Roman Catholic missionaries were murdered in the southern part of Shandong Province (the Juye Incident).


Premise: Suffering, anxiety, unsatisfactoriness, and unease is the translation of what word?

Hypothesis: Dukkha is commonly translated as "suffering", "anxiety", "unsatisfactoriness", "unease", etc., and it is said to have the following three aspects:


Premise: What was the Water Boiler that Feyman worked on?


Premise: What kind of audio can a sophisticated MP3 encoder produce?

Hypothesis: A more sophisticated MP3 encoder can produce variable bitrate audio.


Premise: Who contructed the airbase used on Norfolk Island during World War II?

Hypothesis: The airstrip was constructed by Australian, New Zealand and United States servicemen during 1942.


Premise: Which Basin did the Han lose authority of?

Hypothesis: After the new Protector General of the Western Regions Chen Mu (d. AD 75) was killed by allies of the Xiongnu in Karasahr and Kucha, the garrison at Hami was withdrawn.


Premise: What is something that Greek Cypriots and Turkish Cypriots do not have in common?

Hypothesis: However, the two communities have distinct religions and religious cultures, with the Greek Cypriots traditionally being Greek Orthodox and Turkish Cypriots traditionally being Sunni Muslims, which has partly hindered cultural exchange.


Premise: How many planes were allowed to be operated commercially although not in compliance with FAA safety regulations?

Hypothesis: This was validated by a report by the Department of Transportation which found FAA managers had allowed Southwest Airlines to fly 46 airplanes in 2006 and 2007 that were overdue for safety inspections, ignoring concerns raised by inspectors.


Premise: When was KU's engineering school established?

Hypothesis: The KU School of Engineering is an ABET accredited, public engineering school located on the main campus.


Premise: Why were laws like the one drop rule enacted?

Hypothesis: In their attempt to ensure white supremacy decades after emancipation, in the early 20th century, most southern states created laws based on the one-drop rule, defining as black, persons with any known African ancestry.


Premise: Czech's word order is flexible because it uses what to convey word function in a sentence?

Hypothesis: Because Czech uses grammatical case to convey word function in a sentence (instead of relying on word order, as English does), its word order is flexible.


Premise: Who has Kanye finally settled with an married in 2014?

Hypothesis: West began an on-and-off relationship with designer Alexis Phifer in 2002, and they became engaged in August 2006.


Premise: The score does not provide complete and exact instruction on how to do what?

Hypothesis: Even if the tempo is written with an Italian instruction (e.g., Allegro), we do not know exactly how fast the piece should be played.


Premise: How many students were disabled in Xinhua?

Hypothesis: According to the state-run Xinhua news agency, the earthquake killed 5,335 students and left another 546 children disabled.


Premise: What empire was Taxila a center of learning of?

Hypothesis: Taxila was a great centre of learning and intellectual discussion during the Maurya Empire.


Premise: How did Republicans attack Kerry?

Hypothesis: With the continuing controversy that had surrounded the military service of George W. Bush since the 2000 Presidential election (when he was accused of having used his father's political influence to gain entrance to the Texas Air National Guard, thereby protecting himself from conscription into the United States Army, and possible service in the Vietnam War), John Kerry's contrasting status as a decorated Vietnam War veteran posed a problem for Bush's re-election campaign, which Republicans sought to counter by calling Kerry's war record into question.


Premise: When did this Civil War take place to free the Iranian peoples from Assyrian rule?

Hypothesis: The civil war ravaged the Assyrian Empire between 616 BC and 605 BC, thus freeing their respective peoples from three centuries of Assyrian rule.


Premise: What is the diameter of the center of Beltway 8?

Hypothesis: Beltway 8 and its freeway core, the Sam Houston Tollway, form the middle loop at a diameter of roughly 23 miles (37 km).


Premise: How much heat is required for the natural production of asphalt?

Hypothesis: The great majority of asphalt used commercially is obtained from petroleum.


Premise: What was the main problem with applying early electric motors to industry?

Hypothesis: Due to the high cost of primary battery power, the motors were commercially unsuccessful and Davenport went bankrupt.


Premise: Victoria initially opposed Beatrice's marriage to what man?

Hypothesis: Beatrice and Henry planned to marry, but Victoria opposed the match at first, wishing to keep Beatrice at home to act as her companion.


Premise: How does the mental health profession approach efforts to change sexual orientation?

Hypothesis: These include the American Psychiatric Association, American Psychological Association, American Counseling Association, National Association of Social Workers in the USA, the Royal College of Psychiatrists, and the Australian Psychological Society.


Premise: What is a major reason that Bermuda has problems with overpopulation?

Hypothesis: With seafaring the only real industry in the early decades, by the end of the 18th century, at least a third of the island's manpower was at sea at any one time.


Premise: What church interuppts 11th Street between Broadway and Fourth Avenue?

Hypothesis: East 11th streets runs from Fourth Avenue to Avenue C and runs past Webster Hall.


Premise: For what month does Southampton hold the UK's record high temperature?

Hypothesis: It has held the record for the highest temperature in the UK for June at 35.6 °C (96.1 °F) since 1976.


Premise: Who hosts the Star of the Month films?

Hypothesis: Hosted by Robert Osbourne, the network also marks the occurrence of a film actor's birthday (either antemortem or posthumously) or recent death with day- or evening-long festivals showcasting several of that artist's best, earliest or least-known pictures; by effect, marathons scheduled in honor of an actor's passing (which are scheduled within a month after their death) pre-empt films originally scheduled to air on that date.


Premise: How far do bike paths stretch in Strasbourg?

Hypothesis: The CTS also operates a comprehensive bus network throughout the city that is integrated with the trams.


Premise: In addition to the U.S. and Canada, what European country sees very few tuberculosis infections?

Hypothesis: As tuberculosis is uncommon in most of Canada, the United Kingdom, and the United States, BCG is administered only to those people at high risk.


Premise: Where was the highest known temperature in Tennessee recorded?

Hypothesis: The highest recorded temperature is 113 °F (45 °C) at Perryville on August 9, 1930 while the lowest recorded temperature is −32 °F (−36 °C) at Mountain City on December 30, 1917.


Premise: What are the markets called that are located and run by the boroughs?

Hypothesis: A staple for consumers in the city is the omnipresent "mercado".


Premise: What the sub-group of cyborg anthropology very closely related to, in addition to STS?

Hypothesis: The sub-group was very closely related to STS and the Society for the Social Studies of Science.


Premise: What was Israel's population in 2016?

Hypothesis: In 2016, Israel's population was an estimated 8,476,600 million people, of whom 6,345,400 (74.9%) were recorded by the civil government as Jews.


Premise: Along with the National Museum of Nepal, what notable Nepalese museum is present in Kathmandu?

Hypothesis: Kathmandu is home to a number of museums and art galleries, including the National Museum of Nepal and the Natural History Museum of Nepal.


Premise: Demotic speaking Greek refugees were placed where?

Hypothesis: Because the term "Greeks" in the exchange was based on religion Cappadocian Greeks, Pontian Greeks, and non Greek followers of Greek Orthodoxy were all subject to the exchange as well.


Premise: What is the Catholic cathedral of Cork?

Hypothesis: St Fin Barre's Cathedral serves the Protestant faith and is possibly the more famous of the two.


Premise: What was the aim of the City and Guilds College when it was founded?

Hypothesis: The latter two colleges were incorporated by Royal Charter into the Imperial College of Science and Technology and the CGLI Central Technical College was renamed the City and Guilds College in 1907, but not incorporated into Imperial College until 1910.


Premise: The Spartans made their last stand at what battle location?

Hypothesis: Despite a heroic resistance at Thermopylae by Spartans and other Greeks led by King Leonidas, and a simultaneous naval engagement at Artemisium,[page needed]


Premise: How many weeks did Mexican partisans hold San Diego before it was recaptured by Americans?

Hypothesis: Mexican partisans held San Diego for three weeks until October 24, 1846, when the Americans recaptured it.


Premise: Who operates and is able to conduct airland missions?

Hypothesis: JP 4-02, Health Service Support, further defines it as "the fixed wing movement of regulated casualties to and between medical treatment facilities, using organic and/or contracted mobility airframes, with aircrew trained explicitly for this mission.


Premise: Which two sections of the graduate exam did Feynman excel in?

Hypothesis: Feynman's thesis applied the principle of stationary action to problems of quantum mechanics, inspired by a desire to quantize the Wheeler–Feynman absorber theory of electrodynamics, laying the groundwork for the "path integral" approach and Feynman diagrams, and was titled "The Principle of Least Action in Quantum Mechanics".


Premise: Which sector was the second largest?

Hypothesis: According to official federal statistical studies, the service sector accounted for the largest portion of the state economy at 59.28%; the manufacturing and industrial sector is estimated to account for 34.36% of the state's GDP, with the agricultural sector accounting for 6.36% of the state's GDP.


Premise: When was the first BDS-3 satellite launched?

Hypothesis: The first BDS-3 satellite was launched 30 September 2015.


Premise: How was the Burma framework affected by WWII ?

Hypothesis: After independence, the country was in ruins with its major infrastructure completely destroyed.


Premise: About what did the Shell executive boast in relation to the leaked communication?

Hypothesis: The same executive also boasted that the Nigerian government had forgotten about the extent of Shell's infiltration.


Premise: What did 19th century formal architectural training neglect?

Hypothesis: There was also the rise of the "gentleman architect" who usually dealt with wealthy clients and concentrated predominantly on visual qualities derived usually from historical prototypes, typified by the many country houses of Great Britain that were created in the Neo Gothic or Scottish Baronial styles.


Premise: What event ended the uprising?

Hypothesis: After initial success the revolt was ended by the invasion of the Teutonic Order.


Premise: At the end of the Napoleonic wars, Germany had established itself as what, in continental Europe?

Hypothesis: Although Great Britain remained the dominant world power, British involvement in European affairs during the late 19th century was very limited, allowing Germany to exercise great influence over the European mainland.[citation needed]


Premise: How many members compose the legislature?

Hypothesis: They are popularly elected from multi-member constituencies to serve a four-year term.


Premise: Where was LaserDisc first available?

Hypothesis: LaserDisc was first available on the market, in Atlanta, Georgia, on December 15, 1978, two years after the introduction of the VHS VCR, and four years before the introduction of the CD (which is based on laser disc technology).


Premise: When were contradictory views to  the belief of Mary's parentage struck down ?

Hypothesis: Catholics believe that Mary was not the product of a virginal conception herself but was the daughter of a human father and mother, traditionally known by the names of Saint Joachim and Saint Anne.


Premise: Who currently heads the Emil Verban Society?

Hypothesis: Verban initially believed he was being ridiculed, but his ill feeling disappeared several years later when he was flown to Washington to meet President Ronald Reagan, also a society member, at the White House.


Premise: What is the name of an independent radio broadcast run out of KU?

Hypothesis: The university houses the following public broadcasting stations: KJHK, a student-run campus radio station, KUJH-LP, an independent station that primarily broadcasts public affairs programs, and KANU, the NPR-affiliated radio station.


Premise: What clause gives Puerto Rican citizens the same rights as US citizens?

Hypothesis: This constitution was created when the U.S. Congress directed local government to organize a constitutional convention to write the Puerto Rico Constitution in 1951.


Premise: So when was the firs national broadcast?

Hypothesis: The first FA Cup Final on Radio was in 1926 between Bolton Wanderers and Manchester City but this was only broadcast in Manchester, the first national final on BBC Radio was between Arsenal and Cardiff in 1927.


Premise: Who adored Burke's chivalry?

Hypothesis: Philip Francis wrote to Burke saying that what he wrote of Marie-Antoinette was "pure foppery".


Premise: He had a non-direct association with what?

Hypothesis: In his native Poland, in France, where he composed most of his works, and beyond, Chopin's music, his status as one of music's earliest superstars, his association (if only indirect) with political insurrection, his love life and his early death have made him, in the public consciousness, a leading symbol of the Romantic era.


Premise: When might coreless motors be used in servo applications?

Hypothesis: Large, powerful, but slow-responding servo loops may use conventional AC or DC motors and drive systems with position or speed feedback on the motor.


Premise: About what year was the Franciscan friary established in Southampton?

Hypothesis: The last remains of the Franciscan friary in Southampton, founded circa 1233 and dissolved in 1538, were swept away in the 1940s.


Premise: What was Von Neumann's given name as member of Austro-Hungarian nobility?

Hypothesis: In 1913, his father was elevated to the nobility for his service to the Austro-Hungarian Empire by Emperor Franz Joseph.


Premise: All LAtin characters required by POJ can be represented by what?

Hypothesis: Prior to June 2004, the vowel akin to but more open than o, written with a dot above right, was not encoded.


Premise: What was one portion of preparing a new edition of the Holy Scriptures?

Hypothesis: One aspect of that effort entailed digitizing the text and preparing appropriate footnotes, another aspect required establishing the most dependable text.


Premise: How long is the Port of Nanjing?

Hypothesis: Nanjing is also the biggest container port along the Yangtze River; in March 2004, the one million container-capacity base, Longtan Containers Port Area opened, further consolidating Nanjing as the leading port in the region.


Premise: HD content can be displayed by cable-ready TVs without using what?

Hypothesis: They have a QAM tuner built-in and/or a card slot for inserting a CableCARD.


Premise: What were mandatory in printed works?

Hypothesis: Orthodox variants were mandatory in printed works, while the (unofficial) simplified characters would be used in everyday writing or quick notes.


Premise: What can imperfective verb undergo to make other imperfective verbs?

Hypothesis: In suffix pairs, a different infinitive ending is added to the perfective stem; for example, the perfective verbs koupit (to buy) and prodat (to sell) have the imperfective forms kupovat and prodávat.


Premise: A manifest violation is required to invalidate a party's consent to a treaty due to a reluctance internationally to inquire into what aspects of other states?

Hypothesis: A party's consent to a treaty is invalid if it had been given by an agent or body without power to do so under that state's domestic law.


Premise: What is the aim of this?

Hypothesis: This initiative aims to progressively eliminate child labour through strengthening national capacities to address some of the causes of child labour.


Premise: Was a law enacted in 1991 allowing corporations to sell land holdings or was it repealed?

Hypothesis: Provisions of ANCSA allowing the corporations' land holdings to be sold on the open market starting in 1991 were repealed before they could take effect.


Premise: What causes water quality problems in Guam?

Hypothesis: During the rainy season sediment is carried by the heavy rains into the Fena Lake Reservoir and Ugum River, leading to water quality problems for southern Guam.


Premise: What did Germany take from Estonia for their war strategy?

Hypothesis: The Germans used Estonia's resources for their war effort; for the duration of the occupation Estonia was incorporated into the German province of Ostland.


Premise: How many Oscars did Close Encounters win?

Hypothesis: It won Oscars in two categories (Cinematography, Vilmos Zsigmond, and a Special Achievement Award for Sound Effects Editing, Frank E. Warner).


Premise: What is the main source of income for Paris?

Hypothesis: The largest part of the budget (38 percent) went for public housing and urbanism projects; 15 percent for roads and transport; 8 percent for schools (which are mostly financed by the state budget); 5 percent for parks and gardens; and 4 percent for culture.


Premise: When carbon metabolism is called autotrophic?

Hypothesis: Carbon metabolism in bacteria is either heterotrophic, where organic carbon compounds are used as carbon sources, or autotrophic, meaning that cellular carbon is obtained by fixing carbon dioxide.


Premise: What is the best know musical genre amongst the Tigrinya?

Hypothesis: The most popular Eritrean artist is the Tigrinya singer Helen Meles, who is noted for her powerful voice and wide singing range.


Premise: Who wrote 'Empire of the Sun'?

Hypothesis: Reviewer Andrew Sarris called it the best film of the year and later included it among the best films of the decade.


Premise: What is made up of producing a difference given a source and a target?

Hypothesis: Thus, one can consider data compression as data differencing with empty source data, the compressed file corresponding to a "difference from nothing.


Premise: What did the publication of the Kralice Bible spawn?

Hypothesis: The publication of the Kralice Bible spawned widespread nationalism, and in 1615 the government of Bohemia ruled that only Czech-speaking residents would be allowed to become full citizens or inherit goods or land.


Premise: What was Charleston's population in 2010?

Hypothesis: With a 2010 census population of 120,083


Premise: What colonies did Japan conscript soldiers from?

Hypothesis: Japan conscripted many soldiers from its colonies of Korea and Formosa (Taiwan).


Premise: Where are some LEDs in machine vision systems found?

Hypothesis: Optical computer mice are an example of LEDs in machine vision, as it is used to provide an even light source on the surface for the miniature camera within the mouse.


Premise: What book discusses bardo?

Hypothesis: According to East Asian and Tibetan Buddhism, there is an intermediate state (Tibetan "bardo") between one life and the next.


Premise: A rheostat is the size and shape of what?

Hypothesis: This was mounted upright or sideways on the cab wall and operated via a projecting handle, which was able to slide around the top half of the cylinder.


Premise: What does LVL stand for?

Hypothesis: These products include glued laminated timber (glulam), wood structural panels (including plywood, oriented strand board and composite panels), laminated veneer lumber (LVL) and other structural composite lumber (SCL) products, parallel strand lumber, and I-joists.


Premise: What claimed that inflation and economic growth were linked?

Hypothesis: This was largely due to the prevailing economic view at the time that inflation and real economic growth were linked (the Phillips curve), and so inflation was regarded as relatively benign.


Premise: What was associated with culture during this German practice?

Hypothesis: In practice, culture referred to an élite ideal and was associated with such activities as art, classical music, and haute cuisine.


Premise: What year did a publication come out indicating having a pet does not mean lower risk of heart disease in the elderly?

Hypothesis: In one study, new guardians reported a highly significant reduction in minor health problems during the first month following pet acquisition, and this effect was sustained in those with dogs through to the end of the study.


Premise: What kinf of explanation does De Rerum Natura provide for phenomena?

Hypothesis: The Latin poem De Rerum Natura by Lucretius (ca.


Premise: What is the result of tectonic movements within the Dead Sea Transform?

Hypothesis: The Jordan Rift Valley is the result of tectonic movements within the Dead Sea Transform (DSF) fault system.


Premise: According to democratic rules of the 106th congress what committee does minority leader head?

Hypothesis: For example, under Democratic rules for the 106th Congress, the minority leader may call meetings of the Democratic Caucus.


Premise: What do people with less than 60-65% of European descent usually cluster with?

Hypothesis: In several genetic tests, people with less than 60-65% of European descent and 5-10% of Amerindian descent usually cluster with Afro-Brazilians (as reported by the individuals), or 6.9% of the population, and those with about 45% or more of Subsaharan contribution most times do so (in average, Afro-Brazilian DNA was reported to be about 50% Subsaharan African, 37% European and 13% Amerindian).


Premise: Where are "exhibition match" and "friendly match" not synonymous?

Hypothesis: In the UK and Ireland, "exhibition match" and "friendly match" refer to two different types of matches.


Premise: What two stations are owned by Azteca?

Hypothesis: As a whole, the Mexico side of the San Diego-Tijuana market has two duopolies and one triopoly (Entravision Communications owns both XHAS-TV and XHDTV-TV, Azteca owns XHJK-TV and XHTIT-TV, and Grupo Televisa owns XHUAA-TV and XHWT-TV along with being the license holder for XETV-TV, which is run by California-based subsidiary Bay City Television).


Premise: What area is given to be the nesting point of a small group of pagans by a infamous philosopher from Greek ?

Hypothesis: Aristotle names ancient Hellas as an area in Epirus between Dodona and the Achelous river, the location of the great deluge of Deucalion, a land occupied by the Selloi and the "Greeks" who later came to be known as "Hellenes".


Premise: What are two new titles under the Marvel NOW! line of comics?

Hypothesis: Marvel discontinued its Marvel Adventures imprint in March 2012, and replaced them with a line of two titles connected to the Marvel Universe TV block.


Premise: Of what nationality is Alumnus Eero Saarinen?

Hypothesis: Alumnus Eero Saarinen, Finnish-American architect of such notable structures as the Gateway Arch in St. Louis, Washington Dulles International Airport main terminal, Bell Labs Holmdel Complex and the CBS Building in Manhattan, designed Ingalls Rink at Yale and the newest residential colleges of Ezra Stiles and Morse.


Premise: Greece help found what economic organizations?

Hypothesis: Greece was a founding member of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) and the Organization of the Black Sea Economic Cooperation (BSEC).


Premise: When was free agency first scheduled to begin?

Hypothesis: Shortly thereafter, another press release announced that the draft would be held on December 9 and free agency would commence on December 11.


Premise: Who is known as the father of deconstruction?

Hypothesis: Jacques Derrida, the father of deconstruction, taught at the Department of Comparative Literature from the late seventies to mid-1980s.


Premise: When did 'Temple of Doom' debut?

Hypothesis: Nonetheless, the film was still a huge blockbuster hit in 1984.


Premise: What was the focus of aristocratic culture during this period?

Hypothesis: These ties led to the prevalence of the feud in aristocratic society, examples of which included those related by Gregory of Tours that took place in Merovingian Gaul.


Premise: When was Ireland's police force established?

Hypothesis: Meanwhile, the authorities in Glasgow, Scotland successfully petitioned the government to pass the Glasgow Police Act establishing the City of Glasgow Police in 1800.


Premise: What was Morton Meyerson's position at his former company?

Hypothesis: In 1986, Michael Dell brought in Lee Walker, a 51-year-old venture capitalist, as president and chief operating officer, to serve as Michael's mentor and implement Michael's ideas for growing the company.


Premise: How many Jews were slaughtered in the Holocaust?

Hypothesis: The persecution reached a peak in Nazi Germany's Final Solution, which led to the Holocaust and the slaughter of approximately 6 million Jews.


Premise: When did a spacecraft get closest to Neptune?

Hypothesis: The spacecraft's closest approach to the planet occurred on 25 August 1989.


Premise: Name a nation that has a one-party political system.

Hypothesis: Many countries have numerous powerful political parties, such as Germany and India and some nations have one-party systems, such as China.


Premise: What did Business Insider call San Diego in 2013?

Hypothesis: San Diego was ranked as the 20th-safest city in America in 2013 by Business Insider.


Premise: What percentage of Australia's cotton crop was GM in 2009?

Hypothesis: The total cotton area in India was 12.1 million hectares in 2011, so GM cotton was grown on 88% of the cotton area.


Premise: In what year was amphetamine first tested on asthma patients?

Hypothesis: Amphetamine was eventually developed for the treatment of narcolepsy, post-encepheletic parkinsonism, and mood elevation in depression and other psychiatric indications.


Premise: How would you distribute power to allow for a greater gain?

Hypothesis: The antenna's power gain (or simply "gain") also takes into account the antenna's efficiency, and is often the primary figure of merit.


Premise: What topic was a sticking point at the Bishops' Conference?

Hypothesis: The two could not reach an agreement on the state of the Catholic Church.


Premise: How much precipitation on average falls within the city?

Hypothesis: The city receives about 35.9 inches (91.2 cm) of precipitation annually, of which 8.6 inches (21.8 cm) is snow.


Premise: What year did Kelly Clarkson win?

Hypothesis: The final showdown was between Justin Guarini, one of the early favorites, and Kelly Clarkson.


Premise: Typically what were the nationalities of ships that traveled to and from England via the Straight of Gibraltar?

Hypothesis: The traffic in woollen cloths shipped undyed and undressed from London to the nearby shores of the Low Countries, where it was considered indispensable.


Premise: Greece, Finland, Romania and Turkey use what kind of government?

Hypothesis: See also "First Minister", "Premier", "Chief Minister", "Chancellor", "Taoiseach", "Statsminister" and "Secretary of State": alternative titles usually equivalent in meaning to, or translated as, "prime minister".


Premise: Is Southampton's higher education sector weak or strong?

Hypothesis: The city has a strong higher education sector.


Premise: Which ocean does Portugal border?

Hypothesis: Portugal, long a country of emigration (the vast majority of Brazilians have Portuguese ancestry), has now become a country of net immigration, and not just from the last Indian (Portuguese until 1961), African (Portuguese until 1975), and Far East Asian (Portuguese until 1999) overseas territories.


Premise: In what year did the Manhattan Neighborhood Network begin?

Hypothesis: The oldest public-access television channel in the United States is the Manhattan Neighborhood Network, founded in 1971.


Premise: What led to a reduction in the power of the peers?

Hypothesis: The Liberal government was unable to proceed with all of its radical programme without the support of the House of Lords, which was largely Conservative.


Premise: What are the names of the Greco-Turkish dances?

Hypothesis: There is also a form of musical poetry known as chattista which is often performed at traditional feasts and celebrations.


Premise: Where did Chopin create most of his works?

Hypothesis: In his native Poland, in France, where he composed most of his works, and beyond, Chopin's music, his status as one of music's earliest superstars, his association (if only indirect) with political insurrection, his love life and his early death have made him, in the public consciousness, a leading symbol of the Romantic era.


Premise: who colonized India and New Zealand?

Hypothesis: Journalist and author Thomas Laird, in his book The Story of Tibet: Conversations with the Dalai Lama, writes that Wang and Nyima present the government viewpoint of the People's Republic of China in their Historical Status of China's Tibet, and fail to realize that China was "absorbed into a larger, non-Chinese political unit" during the Mongol Yuan dynasty, which Wang and Nyima paint as a characteristic Chinese dynasty succeeded by the Ming.


Premise: Who policed mortgage originators and maintained relatively high standards prior to 2003?

Hypothesis: In the view of some analysts, the relatively conservative government-sponsored enterprises (GSEs) policed mortgage originators and maintained relatively high underwriting standards prior to 2003.


Premise: Where were Matare and Welker working when inventing the point-contact transistor?

Hypothesis: In 1948, the point-contact transistor was independently invented by German physicists Herbert Mataré and Heinrich Welker while working at the Compagnie des Freins et Signaux, a Westinghouse subsidiary located in Paris.


Premise: Rome fought against the Carthaginians in what war?

Hypothesis: Shortly afterwards, Rome became involved in Sicily, fighting against the Carthaginians in the First Punic War.


Premise: In what year was it revealed that Everton had entered talks to build a new 55,000 seat stadium in Kirkby?

Hypothesis: The club took the unusual move of giving its supporters a say in the club's future by holding a ballot on the proposal, finding a split of 59% to 41% in favour.


Premise: What is the name of a US government agency tasked with trying to stop improper use of antibiotics?

Hypothesis: In France, an "Antibiotics are not automatic" government campaign started in 2002 and led to a marked reduction of unnecessary antibiotic prescriptions, especially in children.


Premise: What do hermit crabs eat?

Hypothesis: On the shore are ghost crabs, which always live on the beach in small burrowed tunnels made in sand, and the hermit crabs, which live in land but lay eggs in water and which also eat garbage and sewerage.


Premise: What is the major limitation of traditional character encodings?

Hypothesis: Unicode has the explicit aim of transcending the limitations of traditional character encodings, such as those defined by the ISO 8859 standard, which find wide usage in various countries of the world but remain largely incompatible with each other.


Premise: What was the republican government amenable to?

Hypothesis: While the republican government was amenable to war reparations or ceding colonial territories in Africa or in South East Asia to Prussia, Favre on behalf of the Government of National Defense, declared on 6 September that France would not "yield an inch of its territory nor a stone of its fortresses.


Premise: What do most Kathmandu residents speak?

Hypothesis: Nepali is the most commonly spoken language in the city.


Premise: what year were the islands declared dependent of saint helena?

Hypothesis: Prior to roughly this period, passing ships stopped irregularly at the island for a period of mere hours.


Premise: Throughout European history was child labour seen as a positive?

Hypothesis: In European history when child labour was common, as well as in contemporary child labour of modern world, certain cultural beliefs have rationalised child labour and thereby encouraged it.


Premise: How many times was Seoul captured in a year?

Hypothesis: This was the city's fourth conquest in a years' time, leaving it a ruin; the 1.5 million pre-war population was down to 200,000, and people were suffering from severe food shortages.


Premise: Besides lessening the burden on the courts, what is the effect of this license?

Hypothesis: This has the effect of reducing infringement – and the burden on courts – by simply permitting certain types of uses under terms that the copyright owner considers reasonable.


Premise: When did the Apollo 11 mission land back on Earth?

Hypothesis: When the spacecraft splashed down, 2,982 days had passed since Kennedy's commitment to landing a man on the Moon and returning him safely to the Earth before the end of the decade; the mission was completed with 161 days to spare.


Premise: Which team did Notre Dame's football team find inspiration from?

Hypothesis: With the long history, Notre Dame has accumulated many rivals, and its annual game against USC for the Jeweled Shillelagh has been named by some as one of the most important in college football and is often called the greatest intersectional rivalry in college football in the country.


Premise: What did Beyoncé announce in January 2010?

Hypothesis: Beyoncé announced a hiatus from her music career in January 2010, heeding her mother's advice, "to live life, to be inspired by things again".


Premise: How many people live on Norfolk Island?

Hypothesis: Together with two neighbouring islands, it forms one of Australia's external territories.


Premise: How do regulatory regions on different chromosomes operate in order to allow regions on different chromosomes to come into contact with one another?

Hypothesis: Regulatory regions can even be on entirely different chromosomes and operate in trans to allow regulatory regions on one chromosome to come in contact with target genes on another chromosome.


Premise: What part of a tree often stays impressively sound even when hundreds or thousands of years old?

Hypothesis: It is remarkable that the inner heartwood of old trees remains as sound as it usually does, since in many cases it is hundreds, and in a few instances thousands, of years old.


Premise: What was a synonym for seppuku?

Hypothesis: or hara kiri, which allowed a disgraced samurai to regain his honor by passing into death, where samurai were still beholden to social rules.


Premise: What type of church do Protestants believe in?

Hypothesis: Protestants reject the Roman Catholic Church's doctrine that it is the one true church, believing in the invisible church, which consists of all who profess faith in Jesus Christ.


Premise: How much did VMware stock fall after the merger announcement?

Hypothesis: Fortune said there was a lot for Dell to like in EMC's portfolio, but "does it all add up enough to justify tens of billions of dollars for the entire package?


Premise: Game animals were introduced here by whom?

Hypothesis: The islands making up New Zealand originally had no land mammals apart from bats.


Premise: At what level is Rajasthan ranked in India for visits by foreigners?

Hypothesis: Rajasthan attracted 14 percent of total foreign visitors during 2009–2010 which is the fourth highest among Indian states.


Premise: Where are Protestants especially notable in Zhejiang?

Hypothesis: Zhejiang is one of the provinces of China with the largest concentrations of Protestants, especially notable in the city of Wenzhou.


Premise: How was Neptune found?

Hypothesis: Neptune is not visible to the unaided eye and is the only planet in the Solar System found by mathematical prediction rather than by empirical observation.


Premise: The Spanish crown wanted to turn the region into what type of industry?

Hypothesis: Around 1528, a group of Spaniard explorers, led by Álvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca, first entered the actual territory of what is now Chihuahua.


Premise: Who starred as Daniel Ruettiger in the film Rudy?

Hypothesis: The song also was prominent in the movie Rudy, with Sean Astin as Daniel "Rudy" Ruettiger, who harbored dreams of playing football at the University of Notre Dame despite significant obstacles.


Premise: Where was the first safety elevator installed?

Hypothesis: In 1852, Elisha Otis introduced the safety elevator, which prevented the fall of the cab if the cable broke.


Premise: What is one particular industry that exploits Endangered Species Act loopholes?

Hypothesis: According to research published in 1999 by Alan Green and the Center for Public Integrity (CPI), loopholes in the ESA are commonly exploited in the exotic pet trade.


Premise: Whatyear did Victoria marry Prince Albert?

Hypothesis: Victoria married her first cousin, Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, in 1840.


Premise: Which of her teachers discovered Beyonce's musical talent?

Hypothesis: Her singing talent was discovered when dance instructor Darlette Johnson began humming a song and she finished it, able to hit the high-pitched notes.


Premise: What pleas were rejected by the empire?

Hypothesis: The emperor Julian made a short-lived attempt to revive traditional and Hellenistic religion and to affirm the special status of Judaism, but in 380 under Theodosius


Premise: Who was UN Secretary General when Elizabeth addressed the UN?

Hypothesis: During her visit to New York, which followed a tour of Canada, she officially opened a memorial garden for the British victims of the September 11 attacks.


Premise: What may be triggered suddenly by a spark?

Hypothesis: Plants also release oxygen during photosynthesis, which is utilized by living organisms as an electron acceptor, to release the energy of carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins.


Premise: In what movie was it originally planned to kill the character Mr. White?

Hypothesis: Christensen's character was reportedly killed off in a scene intended to be used as an epilogue to Quantum of Solace, before it was removed from the final cut of the film, enabling his return in Spectre.