Premise: What do most mosaics from the 7th-9th centuries have in common?

Hypothesis: Another great work of Pope Leo, the apse mosaic of Santa Susanna, depicted Christ with the Pope and Charlemagne on one side, and SS.


Premise: Baptist churches are widely considered to be what?

Hypothesis: Baptist churches are widely considered to be Protestant churches, though some Baptists disavow this identity.


Premise: The largest police presence in the US is NYPD with how many people?

Hypothesis: Members of the NYPD are frequently referred to by politicians, the media, and their own police cars by the nickname, New York's Finest.


Premise: What do the treaties defend against?

Hypothesis: There are four categories of terra nullius, land that is unclaimed by any state: the small unclaimed territory of Bir Tawil between Egypt and Sudan, Antarctica, the oceans, and celestial bodies such as the Moon or Mars.


Premise: By when does the plan call for improvement of rural Tibetan income?

Hypothesis: From January 18–20, 2010 a national conference on Tibet and areas inhabited by Tibetans in Sichuan, Yunnan, Gansu and Qinghai was held in China and a substantial plan to improve development of the areas was announced.


Premise: What does Tuscon have a high net loss of?

Hypothesis: Tucson averages 11.8 inches (299.7 mm) of precipitation per year, more than most other locations with desert climates, but it still qualifies due to its high evapotranspiration; in other words, it experiences a high net loss of water.


Premise: What were the group of friends of King Edward VII and Queen Alexandra called?

Hypothesis: In 1901 the accession of Edward VII saw new life breathed into the palace.


Premise: When was the North lost to the Jurchen Jin dynasty?

Hypothesis: After the north was lost to the Jurchen Jin dynasty in 1127 following the Jingkang Incident, Hangzhou became the capital of the Southern Song under the name Lin'an.


Premise: A bit reservoir allows for what kind of changes in effective bit rate?

Hypothesis: Layer III audio can also use a "bit reservoir", a partially full frame's ability to hold part of the next frame's audio data, allowing temporary changes in effective bitrate, even in a constant bitrate stream.


Premise: Hemlock is what kind of chemical produced from a plant?

Hypothesis: Some of these compounds are toxins such as the alkaloid coniine from hemlock.


Premise: Why do nations risk significant political impacts if a carrier is lost or even used in conflict?

Hypothesis: The large, modern Nimitz class of US carriers has a displacement nearly four times that of the World War II–era USS Enterprise, yet its complement of aircraft is roughly the same—a consequence of the steadily increasing size and weight of military aircraft over the years.


Premise: Which direction does Neptune's winds move relevant to the plant's rotation?

Hypothesis: The difference in flow direction is thought to be a "skin effect" and not due to any deeper atmospheric processes.


Premise: In what village is Moorgreen Hospital located?

Hypothesis: It provides local hospital services to 500,000 people in the Southampton area and specialist regional services to more than 3 million people across the South of England.


Premise: In which season did Ford Motor Company become a sponsor of American Idol?

Hypothesis: Ford Motor Company and Coca-Cola were two of the first sponsors of American Idol in its first season.


Premise: Who designed the headquarters of the MoD?

Hypothesis: The headquarters of the MoD are in Whitehall and are now known as Main Building.


Premise: Where are the most speakers found?

Hypothesis: Central Catalan is considered the standard pronunciation of the language and has the highest number of speakers.


Premise: What scientist first studied black body radiation?

Hypothesis: The electromagnetic field obeys laws of motion similarly to a mass on a spring, and can come to thermal equilibrium with hot atoms.


Premise: Who announced that SV40 was not associated with cancer?

Hypothesis: In 2004 the United States Cancer Institute announced that it had concluded that SV40 is not associated with cancer in people.


Premise: What nations' assets did Nasser nationalize in 1957?

Hypothesis: Nasser also decided to cooperate with the Soviet Union in the construction of the Aswan Dam to replace the withdrawal of US funds.


Premise: When was the Joe Louis memorial dedicated?

Hypothesis: The image is often used as a symbol of Detroit and the statue itself is occasionally dressed in sports jerseys to celebrate when a Detroit team is doing well.


Premise: What did an alternate version of the incandescent lamp substitute for a wire filament?

Hypothesis: The electrode then became incandescent, with the arc contributing little to the light produced.


Premise: What term is visual anthropology sometimes used interchangeably with?

Hypothesis: Visual anthropology is concerned, in part, with the study and production of ethnographic photography, film and, since the mid-1990s, new media.


Premise: Which Democratic candidate lost his own state in the 2000 general election?

Hypothesis: Republican George W. Bush received increased support in 2004, with his margin of victory in the state increasing from 4% in 2000 to 14% in 2004.


Premise: What philosophy characterized the Mau resistance?

Hypothesis: By the late 1920s the resistance movement against colonial rule had gathered widespread support.


Premise: Humans can control insects using what?

Hypothesis: Humans regard certain insects as pests, and attempt to control them using insecticides and a host of other techniques.


Premise: In what year did Rome claim victory against the city of Veii?

Hypothesis: One by one Rome defeated both the persistent Sabines and the local cities, both those under Etruscan control and those that had cast off their Etruscan rulers.


Premise: If there is no profit involved, what would happen to criminal charges of fraud?

Hypothesis: The ruling gave rise to what became known as the "LaMacchia Loophole," wherein criminal charges of fraud or copyright infringement would be dismissed under current legal standards, so long as there was no profit motive involved.


Premise: What is the name of the BYU campus in Jerusulem?

Hypothesis: During his administration, the university added a campus in Jerusalem, now called the BYU Jerusalem Center.


Premise: Most crevices are no deeper than what measure?

Hypothesis: Beneath this point, the plasticity of the ice is too great for cracks to form.


Premise: What passed on July 18, 2007?

Hypothesis: The chairman of the Walloon Parliament stated on July 17, 2008 that, "Brussels would take an attitude".


Premise: How many minorities were granted cultural autonomies?

Hypothesis: The Law on Cultural Autonomy for National Minorities was reinstated in 1993.


Premise: In what year did the American Revolutionary War end?

Hypothesis: When the British forces evacuated at the close of the war in 1783, they transported 3,000 freedmen for resettlement in Nova Scotia.


Premise: What has Sassou's regime attempted to censor?

Hypothesis: Internationally, Sassou's regime has been hit by corruption revelations despite attempts to censor them.


Premise: Who besides the Manchus and the Han made up the Eight Banners?

Hypothesis: Han Chinese Banners were made up of Han Chinese who defected to the Qing up to 1644 and joined the Eight Banners, giving them social and legal privileges in addition to being acculturated to Manchu culture.


Premise: Along with Taiwan, what empire was Korea considered to be apart of?

Hypothesis: In 1937, the colonial Governor-General, General Jirō Minami, commanded the attempted cultural assimilation of Korea's 23.5 million people by banning the use and study of Korean language, literature, and culture, to be replaced with that of mandatory use and study of their Japanese counterparts.


Premise: In what year was the Eiffel Tower built?

Hypothesis: The notable architectural landmarks of Paris include Notre Dame Cathedral (12th century); the Sainte-Chapelle (13th century); the Eiffel Tower (1889); and the Basilica of Sacré-Cœur on Montmartre (1914).


Premise: What Arab leader completed the early ambitions of Arabs by conquering parts of northern India?

Hypothesis: After conquering Persia, the Arab Umayyad Caliphate incorporated parts of what are now Afghanistan and Pakistan around 720.


Premise: How much land has the Duck Stamp Act help purchase?

Hypothesis: Since 1934, the sale of Federal Duck Stamps has generated $670 million, and helped to purchase or lease 5,200,000 acres (8,100 sq mi; 21,000 km2) of habitat.


Premise: What sold out venue did Queen play in Canada?

Hypothesis: On 24 and 25 November, Queen played two sell out nights at the Montreal Forum, Quebec, Canada.


Premise: When was the Patriot Act passed?

Hypothesis: The USA PATRIOT Act of October 2001 dramatically reduces restrictions on law enforcement agencies' ability to search telephone, e-mail communications, medical, financial, and other records; eases restrictions on foreign intelligence gathering within the United States; expands the Secretary of the Treasury's authority to regulate financial transactions, particularly those involving foreign individuals and entities; and broadens the discretion of law enforcement and immigration authorities in detaining and deporting immigrants suspected of terrorism-related acts.


Premise: To what study did Mimamsa give rise?

Hypothesis: Mīmāṃsākas considered the purpose and power of language was to clearly prescribe the proper, correct and right.


Premise: How many doctors saw Frédéric by the 3rd of December?

Hypothesis: I finished them on your little piano, which arrived in the best possible condition in spite of the sea, the bad weather and the Palma customs.


Premise: Who joined the CEO of Epic Records in becoming the CEO of Sony Music?

Hypothesis: Doug Morris, who was head of Warner Music Group, then Universal Music, became chairman and CEO of the company on July 1, 2011.


Premise: What do the Jehovah Witnesses believe God will use the kingdom in heaven for?

Hypothesis: The kingdom is viewed as the means by which God will accomplish his original purpose for the earth, transforming it into a paradise without sickness or death.


Premise: WHen did the Canal de l'Ourcq start providing Paris with water?

Hypothesis: From 1809, the Canal de l'Ourcq provided Paris with water from less-polluted rivers to the north-east of the capital.


Premise: What Greek word did gymnastics derive from?

Hypothesis: The word gymnastics derives from the common Greek adjective γυμνός (gymnos) meaning "naked", by way of the related verb γυμνάζω (gymnazo), whose meaning is to train naked", "train in gymnastic exercise", generally "to train, to exercise".


Premise: When do contestants start singing two songs?

Hypothesis: Each finalist performs songs based on a weekly theme which may be a musical genre such as Motown, disco, or big band, songs by artists such as Michael Jackson, Elvis Presley or The Beatles, or more general themes such as Billboard Number 1 hits or songs from the contestant's year of birth.


Premise: What was the result of the election of two popes at the same time?

Hypothesis: The French crown's increasing dominance over the Papacy culminated in the transference of the Holy See to Avignon in 1309.


Premise: What type of music was used in traditional mass?

Hypothesis: Further experimentation with the new Mass by liturgists, such as the usage of pop/folk music (as opposed to the Gregorian Chant advocated by Pope Pius X), along with concurrent changes in the order of sanctuaries, was viewed by some as vandalism.


Premise: What artist created the engraving Beer Street and Gin Lane?

Hypothesis: The drunkenness and lawlessness created by gin was seen to lead to ruination and degradation of the working classes.


Premise: Beside European nations and Native Americans, who else attacked the Charleston settlement?

Hypothesis: The early settlement was often subject to attack from sea and land, including periodic assaults from Spain and France (both of whom contested England's claims to the region), and pirates.


Premise: How many times were the America's Cup yacht races hosted by the San Diego Yacht Club from 1988 to 1955?

Hypothesis: The San Diego Yacht Club hosted the America's Cup yacht races three times during the period 1988 to 1995.


Premise: What is the current rating of for Burma from the  Freedom in the World report and what caused the current standing ?

Hypothesis: Previously giving Myanmar its lowest rating of 7, the 2012 Freedom in the World report also notes improvement, giving Myanmar a 6 for improvements in civil liberties and political rights, the release of political prisoners, and a loosening of restrictions.


Premise: What is one 64-stroke character?

Hypothesis: It might be argued, however, that while containing the most strokes, it is not necessarily the most complex character (in terms of difficulty), as it simply requires writing the same sixteen-stroke character 龍 lóng (lit. "dragon")


Premise: When was ISO/IEC 646 published?

Hypothesis: However, the four years that elapsed between the publication of ASCII-1963 and ISO's first acceptance of an international recommendation during 1967 caused ASCII's choices for the national use characters to seem to be de facto standards for the world, causing confusion and incompatibility once other countries did begin to make their own assignments to these code points.


Premise: What was the first BeiDou system called?

Hypothesis: The first BeiDou system, officially called the BeiDou Satellite Navigation Experimental System (simplified Chinese: 北斗卫星导航试验系统; traditional Chinese: 北斗衛星導航試驗系統; pinyin: Běidǒu wèixīng dǎoháng shìyàn xìtǒng) and also known as BeiDou-1, consists of three satellites and offers limited coverage and applications.


Premise: In binary fission. when does each genome separate into daughter cells?

Hypothesis: Binary fission is extremely fast compared to the rates of cell division in eukaryotes.


Premise: In what library can the book New York, culture capital of the world, 1940–1965 be found?

Hypothesis: A book containing a series of essays titled New York, culture capital of the world, 1940–1965 has also been published as showcased by the National Library of Australia.


Premise: What type of content is delivered at madaris?

Hypothesis: Madaris have varied curricula, and are not all religious.


Premise: What percentage of those elected from 1868 to 1876 were Freemen?

Hypothesis: Freed slaves were faced with poverty and discrimination, but a large community of free people of color had been well-established in the city before the war and became the leaders of the postwar Republican Party and its legislators.


Premise: What do peasants make up the vast majority of in the world?

Hypothesis: The second area was concerned with the vast majority of the world's population at the time, the peasantry, many of whom were involved in complex revolutionary wars such as in Vietnam.


Premise: Jan van Eyck's paintings are known for what characteristics?

Hypothesis: Though not – as previously believed – the inventor of oil painting, Jan van Eyck was a champion of the new medium, and used it to create works of great realism and minute detail.


Premise: How was the weather during the protest?

Hypothesis: Up to 15,000 protesters wearing armbands bearing radioactivity symbols and carrying the banned red-and-white Belorussian national flag filed through torrential rain in defiance of a ban by local authorities.


Premise: When was construction finished on the United Nations Headquarters?

Hypothesis: New York emerged from the war unscathed as the leading city of the world, with Wall Street leading America's place as the world's dominant economic power.


Premise: On whose behalf did Pat-rights take Apple to court?

Hypothesis: In 2005, Apple faced two lawsuits claiming patent infringement by the iPod line and its associated technologies: Advanced Audio Devices claimed the iPod line breached its patent on a "music jukebox", while a Hong Kong-based IP portfolio company called Pat-rights filed a suit claiming that Apple's FairPlay technology breached a patent issued to inventor Ho Keung Tse.


Premise: What organization officially outlined the church's relationship to state?

Hypothesis: The pastoral constitution Gaudium et spes stated that the Catholic Church is not bound to any form of government and willing to cooperate with all forms.


Premise: What is the average EQ of a person?

Hypothesis: Humans have an average EQ in the 7-to-8 range, while most other primates have an EQ in the 2-to-3 range.


Premise: How many stressed phonemes are there in Catalan?

Hypothesis: Catalan has inherited the typical vowel system of Vulgar Latin, with seven stressed phonemes: /a ɛ e i ɔ o u/, a common feature in Western Romance, except Spanish.


Premise: What democratic principles were followed by the Plymouth Colony?

Hypothesis: These Congregationalists were convinced that the democratic form of government was the will of God.


Premise: When did the first World War begin?

Hypothesis: The First World War began in 1914 and lasted to the final Armistice in 1918.


Premise: What was a bukeyashiki?

Hypothesis: Samurai was a word used by the Kuge aristocratic class with warriors themselves preferring the word bushi.


Premise: What is one agency who is trying to help make the trade of pesticides safer?

Hypothesis: Three other efforts to improve regulation of international pesticide trade are the United Nations London Guidelines for the Exchange of Information on Chemicals in International Trade and the United Nations Codex Alimentarius Commission.[citation needed]


Premise: Bi-racial would be coded as what?

Hypothesis: Whereas most responses can be distinguished as falling into one of the five enumerated races, there remains some write-in responses which fall into the "Mixture" heading which cannot be racially categorized.


Premise: How many computers were connected to the internet in 1988?

Hypothesis: On November 2, 1988, many started to slow down, because they were running a malicious code that demanded processor time and that spread itself to other computers – the first internet "computer worm".


Premise: In March of 2012 whom gained control of Mali?

Hypothesis: In March, military officer Amadou Sanogo seized power in a coup d'état, citing Touré's failures in quelling the rebellion, and leading to sanctions and an embargo by the Economic Community of West African States.


Premise: What's Southampton University's radio station called?

Hypothesis: Commercial radio stations broadcasting to the city include The Breeze, previously The Saint and currently broadcasting Hot adult contemporary music, Capital, previously Power FM and Galaxy and broadcasting popular music, Wave 105 and Heart Hampshire, the latter previously Ocean FM and both broadcasting adult contemporary music, and 106 Jack FM (www.jackradio.com), previously The Coast 106.


Premise: Are hardwood or softwood species more uniform in structure?

Hypothesis: In coniferous or softwood species the wood cells are mostly of one kind, tracheids, and as a result the material is much more uniform in structure than that of most hardwoods.


Premise: Approximately how many extant bird species are flightless?

Hypothesis: Most birds can fly, which distinguishes them from almost all other vertebrate classes.


Premise: Which airport is the second busiest in Australia?

Hypothesis: Melbourne is also home to Australia's most extensive freeway network and has the world's largest urban tram network.


Premise: What did the studies regarding the effectiveness of hypnosis lack?

Hypothesis: The authors concluded that "although the findings provide support for the general applicability of hypnosis in the treatment of chronic pain, considerably more research will be needed to fully determine the effects of hypnosis for different chronic-pain conditions."


Premise: What's the matrix in wood made up of?

Hypothesis: It is an organic material, a natural composite of cellulose fibers (which are strong in tension) embedded in a matrix of lignin which resists compression.


Premise: Why do phloem sieve tubes stop forming?

Hypothesis: Exceptions include highly lignified cells, the sclerenchyma and xylem which are dead at maturity, and the phloem sieve tubes which lack nuclei.


Premise: What Edmund Burke concept is linked to Boullee's ideas?

Hypothesis: There are links between Boullée's ideas and Edmund Burke's conception of the sublime.


Premise: Who killed the Shakyas?

Hypothesis: During this era, following the genocide of Shakyas in Lumbini by Virudhaka, the survivors migrated north and entered the forest monastery in Sankhu masquerading as Koliyas.


Premise: When did Buddhism arrive in Zhejiang?

Hypothesis: In mid-2015 the government of Zhejiang recognised folk religion as "civil religion" beginning the registration of more than twenty thousand folk religious associations.


Premise: What product is bitumen used in manufacturing as a sealant?

Hypothesis: Roofing shingles account for most of the remaining asphalt/bitumen consumption.


Premise: What did Plymouth council estimate the cost to refurbish the Civic Centre municipal office building to be?

Hypothesis: Once a home of Waldorf and Nancy Astor, it was given by Lady Astor to the City of Plymouth as an official residence for future Lord Mayors and is also used today for civic hospitality, as lodgings for visiting dignitaries and High Court judges and it is also available to hire for private events.


Premise: When was Ravenna conquered by the Eastern Roman Empire?

Hypothesis: After 539 Ravenna was reconquered by the Romans in the form of the Eastern Roman Empire (Byzantine Empire) and became the seat of the Exarchate of Ravenna.


Premise: Slavs that were caught were moved to what area?

Hypothesis: This process was facilitated by a large influx of Greeks from Sicily and Asia Minor to the Greek peninsula, while at the same time many Slavs were captured and re-settled in Asia Minor and those that remained were assimilated.


Premise: According to German historian Reinhart Koselleck, which two social structures left a decisive imprint on the Age of Enlightenment?

Hypothesis: Scottish professor Thomas Munck argues that "although the Masons did promote international and cross-social contacts which were essentially non-religious and broadly in agreement with enlightened values, they can hardly be described as a major radical or reformist network in their own right."


Premise: What year did Southampton's Franciscan friary shut down?

Hypothesis: The last remains of the Franciscan friary in Southampton, founded circa 1233 and dissolved in 1538, were swept away in the 1940s.


Premise: According to John Harrison, through the Constitution, what is law?

Hypothesis: Law Professor Frederick Mark Gedicks disagrees, writing that Cicero, Augustine, Thomas Aquinas, and the framers of the U.S. Constitution believed that an unjust law was not really a law at all.


Premise: What year did Schwarzenegger's interview with Talk magazine take place?

Hypothesis: In an interview with Talk magazine in late 1999, Schwarzenegger was asked if he thought of running for office.


Premise: A plaster cast of what part of Alberts body was placed in the coffin with the Queen?

Hypothesis: In 1897, Victoria had written instructions for her funeral, which was to be military as befitting a soldier's daughter and the head of the army, and white instead of black.


Premise: When was Reza Shah forced to abdicate in Iran?

Hypothesis: In 1941, Reza Shah was forced to abdicate in favor of his son, Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, and established the Persian Corridor, a massive supply route that would last until the end of the ongoing war.


Premise: Who particularly noted the unnatural sexual appetites of Africans?

Hypothesis: He saw Africans as inferior to Whites especially in regards to their intellect, and imbued with unnatural sexual appetites, but described Native Americans as equals to whites.


Premise: What would a hobbiest need to transfer historic recordings to digital formats?

Hypothesis: Anyone can do this using a standard record player with a suitable pickup, a phono-preamp (pre-amplifier) and a typical personal computer.


Premise: Where is Guinea-Bissau located?

Hypothesis: It covers 36,125 square kilometres (13,948 sq mi) with an estimated population of 1,704,000.


Premise: Where do 90% of the population live in Himachal Pradesh?

Hypothesis: According to a 2005 Transparency International survey, Himachal Pradesh is ranked the second-least corrupt state in the country after Kerala.


Premise: Where were the Uyghurs transferred from?

Hypothesis: The four men were among 22 Uyghurs who claimed to be refugees, who were captured in 2001 in Pakistan after fleeing the American aerial bombardment of Afghanistan.


Premise: What percentage of plant and animal species extinction is predicted in the 21st century?

Hypothesis: While Southeast Asia is rich in flora and fauna, Southeast Asia is facing severe deforestation which causes habitat loss for various endangered species such as orangutan and the Sumatran tiger.


Premise: What language is used in Eritrean university education and many technical fields?

Hypothesis: Modern Standard Arabic and English serve as de facto working languages, with the latter used in university education and many technical fields.


Premise: How much glacial surface area is typically considered accumulation zone?

Hypothesis: In general, the accumulation zone accounts for 60–70% of the glacier's surface area, more if the glacier calves icebergs.


Premise: What is the most common way of referring to a language without making the determination of whether it's a dialect or independent language?

Hypothesis: There are various terms that linguists may use to avoid taking a position on whether the speech of a community is an independent language in its own right or a dialect of another language.


Premise: What part of the province of Tarragona is Central Catalan spoken?

Hypothesis: It is spoken in the densely populated regions of the Barcelona province, the eastern half of the province of Tarragona, and most of the province of Girona.


Premise: In what year did the northern parts of the country form the Brythonic kingdom of Rheged?

Hypothesis: During the mid-8th century, the area was incorporated into the Anglo-Saxon Kingdom of Northumbria, which became a part of England in the 10th century.


Premise: What philosophy influenced the RCC?

Hypothesis: In December 1969, Libya founded the Arab Revolutionary Front with Egypt and Sudan as a step towards political unification, and in 1970 Syria stated its intention to join.


Premise: When did India begin using leeches?

Hypothesis: Accounts of the use of leeches for the medically dubious practise of blood-letting have come from China around 30 AD, India around 200 AD, ancient Rome around 50 AD and later throughout Europe.


Premise: What book did Stout and Jeanine M. Love author that further examines the on between Whitehead and Follett?

Hypothesis: " This connection is further analyzed by Stout and Jeannine M. Love in Integrative Process: Follettian Thinking from Ontology to Administration


Premise: What non-native birds caused the bird populations of Norfolk Island to suffer?

Hypothesis: The birds have also suffered from the introduction of mammals such as rats, cats, pigs and goats, as well as from introduced competitors such as common blackbirds and crimson rosellas.


Premise: What imagery is suggested in the Chinese characters of the dynasties new name?

Hypothesis: In the later part of the dynasty, however, even the Manchus themselves had forgotten this possible meaning.


Premise: What subset of Unicode is used by Windows?

Hypothesis: Other standardized subsets of Unicode include the Multilingual European Subsets: MES-1 (Latin scripts only, 335 characters), MES-2 (Latin, Greek and Cyrillic 1062 characters) and MES-3A & MES-3B (two larger subsets, not shown here).


Premise: What is the term that accounts for the constituents of the haploid genome?

Hypothesis: Genome composition is used to describe the make up of contents of a haploid genome, which should include genome size, proportions of non-repetitive DNA and repetitive DNA in details.


Premise: The presence of whom in the French "lodges of adoption" formed in the 1780s was die to the close ties shared with aristocratic society?

Hypothesis: German historian Reinhart Koselleck claimed that "On the Continent there were two social structures that left a decisive imprint on the Age of Enlightenment: the Republic of Letters and the Masonic lodges.


Premise: How did Victoria describe the physical appearance of Alexander?

Hypothesis: Alexander, on the other hand, was "very plain".


Premise: West and East Slavs are sometimes combined into a single group called what?

Hypothesis: Present-day Slavic people are classified into West Slavic (chiefly Poles, Czechs and Slovaks), East Slavic (chiefly Russians, Belarusians, and Ukrainians), and South Slavic (chiefly Serbs, Bulgarians, Croats, Bosniaks, Macedonians, Slovenes, and Montenegrins), though sometimes the West Slavs and East Slavs are combined into a single group known as North Slavs.


Premise: "Rudi", "Walter" and "Tito" are names that what person assumed?

Hypothesis: As the Communist Party was outlawed in Yugoslavia starting on 30 December 1920, Josip Broz took on many assumed names during his activity within the Party, including "Rudi", "Walter", and "Tito."


Premise: In what year was a new interdisciplinary management program launched at KU's School of Business?

Hypothesis: KU's School of Business launched interdisciplinary management science graduate studies in operations research during Fall Semester 1965.


Premise: Who is another prime minister who reiterated the principles of cabinet solidarity?

Hypothesis: Walpole required that no minister other than himself have private dealings with the king, and also that when the cabinet had agreed on a policy, all ministers must defend it in public, or resign.


Premise: Greece's multiple governments came together in what year?

Hypothesis: The two governments were united in 1917, when Greece officially entered the war on the side of the Triple Entente.


Premise: When were the Nieszawa statutes granted?

Hypothesis: In 1454 King Casimir IV granted the Nieszawa Statutes (Polish: "statuty cerkwicko-nieszawskie"), clarifying the legal basis of voivodship sejmiks (local parliaments).


Premise: Which season had the biggest voting controversy?

Hypothesis: The mechanism of voting had also aroused considerable criticisms, most notably in season two when Ruben Studdard beat Clay Aiken in a close vote, and in season eight, when the massive increase in text votes (100 million more text votes than season 7) fueled the texting controversy.


Premise: When were the staple foods in the Roman republic typically eaten at?

Hypothesis: Fingers were used to eat solid foods and spoons were used for soups.[citation needed]


Premise: What did the gaelic root of the word for God mean?

Hypothesis: The reconstructed Proto-Indo-European form * ǵhu-tó-m was likely based on the root * ǵhau(ə)-, which meant either "to call" or "to invoke".


Premise: Character is called what in Hellenistic art?

Hypothesis: The motif of deceptively realistic naturalism in art (aletheia) is reflected in stories such as that of the painter Zeuxis, who was said to have painted grapes that seemed so real that birds came and pecked at them.


Premise: Who pioneered research that led to the new ANSI values?

Hypothesis: Based on earlier research work by Loyd Ancile Jones (1884–1954) of Kodak and inspired by the systems of Weston film speed ratings and General Electric film values, the American Standards Association (now named ANSI) defined a new method to determine and specify film speeds of black-and-white negative films in 1943.


Premise: When was the Royal Dutch Petroleum Company founded?

Hypothesis: The Royal Dutch Petroleum Company was a Dutch company founded in 1890 to develop an oilfield in Sumatra, and initially led by August Kessler, Hugo Loudon, and Henri Deterding.


Premise: Who was president Dwight D. Eisenhower's press secretary?

Hypothesis: On July 29, 1955, James C. Hagerty, president Dwight D. Eisenhower's press secretary, announced that the United States intended to launch "small Earth circling satellites" between July 1, 1957, and December 31, 1958, as part of their contribution to the International Geophysical Year (IGY).


Premise: Who was the first person to sequence a viral genome?

Hypothesis: A few months later, the first eukaryotic genome was completed, with sequences of the 16 chromosomes of budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae published as the result of a European-led effort begun in the mid-1980s.


Premise: When was pepsi-Cola first produced?

Hypothesis: Pepsi-Cola was first produced in 1898 in New Bern.


Premise: Who gave the first live war report?

Hypothesis: It was the first European war to be photographed.


Premise: What was the sole territory that the empire kept in the Balkans after 1913?

Hypothesis: Justin McCarthy estimates that during the period 1821 to 1922 several million Muslims died in the Balkans, with the expulsion of a similar number.


Premise: During what century did the Investiture Controversy occur?

Hypothesis: The emperor saw the protection of the Church as one of his responsibilities as well as wanting to preserve the right to appoint his own choices as bishops within his lands, but the papacy insisted on the Church's independence from secular lords.


Premise: How were James O. Fraser, Alfred James Broomhall, and Isobel Kuhn involved with Tibet?

Hypothesis: In 1877, the Protestant James Cameron from the China Inland Mission walked from Chongqing to Batang in Garzê Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Sichuan province, and "brought the Gospel to the Tibetan people."


Premise: How many millions of years ago had Homo erectus spread throughout Europa and Asia?

Hypothesis: However, this is not the first species of homininae: the first species of genus Homo, Homo habilis, are theorized to have evolved in East Africa at least 2 million years ago, and members of this species populated different parts of Africa in a relatively short time.


Premise: How does Whitehead describe the process of a typical person noticing a chair?

Hypothesis: By way of illustration, Whitehead uses the example of a person's encounter with a chair.


Premise: What was the Decian decree meant to root out?

Hypothesis: In the wake of religious riots in Egypt, the emperor Decius decreed that all subjects of the Empire must actively seek to benefit the state through witnessed and certified sacrifice to "ancestral gods" or suffer a penalty: only Jews were exempt.


Premise: When was the Bronx added to?

Hypothesis: The Bronx is referred to, both legally and colloquially, with a definite article, as the Bronx.


Premise: What act allowed polytechnic schools to become universities?

Hypothesis: These institutions are sometimes referred to as post-1992 universities.


Premise: When was the final defeat of the Ptolemaic Kingdom?

Hypothesis: The Hellenistic period may be seen to end either with the final conquest of the Greek heartlands by Rome in 146 BC following the Achean War, with the final defeat of the Ptolemaic Kingdom at the Battle of Actium in 31 BC, or even the move by Roman emperor Constantine the Great of the capital of the Roman Empire to Constantinople in 330 AD.


Premise: In what sort of theme pub could one find visitors singing with musical accompaniment?

Hypothesis: Examples of theme pubs include sports bars, rock pubs, biker pubs, Goth pubs, strip pubs, gay bars, karaoke bars and Irish pubs.


Premise: Where are most of the low density area of Detroit located?

Hypothesis: These neighborhoods are concentrated in the northeast and on the city's fringes.


Premise: Comparing brain sizes among different creatures is used most commonly by what?

Hypothesis: The brains of humans and other primates contain the same structures as the brains of other mammals, but are generally larger in proportion to body size.


Premise: Why was the ability to play DVD-Video taken off of Windows Media Player?

Hypothesis: Support for playing DVD-Video was removed from Windows Media Player due to the cost of licensing the necessary decoders (especially for devices which do not include optical disc drives at all) and the prevalence of online streaming services.


Premise: What amount of copper salt is toxic in animals?

Hypothesis: Gram quantities of various copper salts have been taken in suicide attempts and produced acute copper toxicity in humans, possibly due to redox cycling and the generation of reactive oxygen species that damage DNA.


Premise: When was the so-called February Countercurrent?

Hypothesis: Tan Zhenlin (term 1949-1952), the inaugural Party Secretary, was one of the leading voices against Mao's Cultural Revolution during the so-called February Countercurrent of 1967.


Premise: Which division of Dell were unsuccessful in developing mobile devices?

Hypothesis: The growing popularity of smartphones and tablet computers instead of PCs drove Dell's consumer segment to an operating loss in Q3 2012.


Premise: What states that EU Member States must ensure that the origin of electricity produced from renewables can be guaranteed?

Hypothesis: According to the directive the EU Member States must ensure that the origin of electricity produced from renewables can be guaranteed and therefore a "guarantee of origin" must be issued (article 15).


Premise: Who was a notable scholastic thinker?

Hypothesis: During the Middle Ages, the Aristotelian view was adopted and further developed by scholasticism and Thomas Aquinas in particular.


Premise: How long was Disraeli in office?

Hypothesis: Victoria found Gladstone's demeanour far less appealing; he spoke to her, she is thought to have complained, as though she were "a public meeting rather than a woman".


Premise: How many non-white people lived in New York in 1890?

Hypothesis: New York's non-white population was 36,620 in 1890.


Premise: What was also utilized to control ground targets?

Hypothesis: Their larger 90 mm M3 gun would prove, as did the eighty-eight, to make an excellent anti-tank gun as well, and was widely used late in the war in this role.


Premise: What is the English equivalent of the term abbreviated by J.C.B.?

Hypothesis: The academic degrees in canon law are the J.C.B. (Juris Canonici Baccalaureatus, Bachelor of Canon Law, normally taken as a graduate degree), J.C.L. (Juris Canonici Licentiatus, Licentiate of Canon Law) and the J.C.D. (Juris Canonici Doctor, Doctor of Canon Law).


Premise: High-rise buildings may be restricted to prevent obstruction of what views?

Hypothesis: In the dense areas, most of the concentration is via medium- and high-rise buildings.


Premise: After leaving Destiny's Child, how many records did Beyoncé release under her own name?

Hypothesis: Throughout a career spanning 19 years, she has sold over 118 million records as a solo artist, and a further 60 million with Destiny's Child, making her one of the best-selling music artists of all time.


Premise: What sort of meat is sold in Somali businesses in Minneapolis?

Hypothesis: The city of Minneapolis hosts hundreds of Somali-owned and operated businesses offering a variety of products, including leather shoes, jewelry and other fashion items, halal meat, and hawala or money transfer services.


Premise: Where was the lisle thread originally made?

Hypothesis: This type of thread was first made in the city of Lisle, France (now Lille), hence its name.


Premise: What is the name of Madonna's seventh album?

Hypothesis: American music critic Ann Powers explained that what Madonna searched for with Orbit "was a kind of a lushness that she wanted for this record.


Premise: What is more contemporary Egyptian Pop Singer?

Hypothesis: Prominent contemporary Egyptian pop singers include Amr Diab and Mohamed Mounir.


Premise: What is one way by which pesticides lose their efficacy?

Hypothesis: For example, the presence of halogens within a chemical structure often slows down degradation in an aerobic environment.


Premise: Olduwan, Mousterian, and Levalloisian are all types of what?

Hypothesis: Human time on Earth is divided up into relevant cultural traditions based on material, such as the Paleolithic and the Neolithic, of particular use in archaeology.[citation needed]


Premise: What nightclub in Southampton was nominated for the UK's best small nightclub?

Hypothesis: The city also has several smaller music venues, including the Brook, The Talking Heads, The Soul Cellar, The Joiners and Turner Sims, as well as smaller "club circuit" venues like Hampton's and Lennon's, and a number of public houses including the Platform tavern, the Dolphin, the Blue Keys and many others.


Premise: In what year was the Empire State Building completed?

Hypothesis: The Art Deco style of the Chrysler Building (1930) and Empire State Building (1931), with their tapered tops and steel spires, reflected the zoning requirements.


Premise: What impressed Liu Bei so much about Nanjing?

Hypothesis: Sun Quan relocated his capital to Nanjing after Liu Bei's suggestion as Liu Bei was impressed by Nanjing's impeccable geographic position when negotiating an alliance with Sun Quan.


Premise: Who made rough calculations and implied that Ashkenazi Jews make up less than 74% of the Jewish population worldwide?

Hypothesis: Other estimates place Ashkenazi Jews as making up about 75% of Jews worldwide.


Premise: What document established the border between Russia and Estonia?

Hypothesis: For this reason the borders between Estonia and Russia are still not defined.


Premise: What percentage of viewership across the UK is constituted by the BBC?

Hypothesis: The domestic TV BBC television channels are broadcast without any commercial advertising and collectively they account for more than 30% of all UK viewing.


Premise: What does CGLI stand for?

Hypothesis: Faced with their continuing inability to find a substantial site, the Companies were eventually persuaded by the Secretary of the Science and Art Department, General Sir John Donnelly (who was also a Royal Engineer) to found their institution on the eighty-seven acre (350,000 m²) site at South Kensington bought by the 1851 Exhibition Commissioners (for GBP 342,500) for 'purposes of art and science' in perpetuity.


Premise: What kind of insects attract the most attention from humans?

Hypothesis: A serious environmental problem is the decline of populations of pollinator insects, and a number of species of insects are now cultured primarily for pollination management in order to have sufficient pollinators in the field, orchard or greenhouse at bloom time.:240–243


Premise: What tribe did Ali belong to?

Hypothesis: After the assassination of Uthman in 656, Ali, a member of the Quraysh tribe and the cousin and son-in-law of Muhammad, was elected as the caliph.


Premise: Who does Melissa Checker have a relationship with?

Hypothesis: Environmental anthropology is a sub-specialty within the field of anthropology that takes an active role in examining the relationships between humans and their environment across space and time.


Premise: Why is a plant chosen for the study of its cells?

Hypothesis: The single celled green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, while not an embryophyte itself, contains a green-pigmented chloroplast related to that of land plants, making it useful for study.


Premise: What failure caused the the flares of civil war to spark up again?

Hypothesis: Octavian was granted a series of special powers including sole "imperium" within the city of Rome, permanent consular powers and credit for every Roman military victory, since all future generals were assumed to be acting under his command.


Premise: During what war was the island used as a Royal Navy station?

Hypothesis: During World War II, the islands were used as a top secret Royal Navy weather and radio station codenamed HMS Atlantic Isle, to monitor Nazi U-boats (which were required to maintain radio contact) and shipping movements in the South Atlantic Ocean.


Premise: When was Elio killed?

Hypothesis: For this, he was arrested in 1820 and executed in 1822 by garroting.


Premise: In 1908 what percent of the city's population was foreign-born?

Hypothesis: In 1908, 30% of the city's population of 300,000 was foreign-born.


Premise: Which institute involving animal life did Cavanaugh create at Notre Dame?

Hypothesis: Cavanaugh also established the Lobund Institute for Animal Studies and Notre Dame's Medieval Institute.


Premise: Where did the creator of Mr Benn and King Rollo study?

Hypothesis: George Passmore of Turner Prize winning duo Gilbert and George was born in the city, as was Labour politician Michael Foot whose family reside at nearby Trematon Castle.


Premise: In what year did Tim Bliss and Terje Lomo publish a paper about long-term potentiation?

Hypothesis: In 1971 Tim Bliss and Terje Lømo published a paper on a phenomenon now called long-term potentiation: the paper showed clear evidence of activity-induced synaptic changes that lasted for at least several days.


Premise: What was the name for "the double-axe men?"

Hypothesis: In her earliest depictions she is accompanied by the "Mister of the animals", a male god of hunting who had the bow as his attribute.


Premise: How many African American lived in Charleston in 1880?

Hypothesis: In Charleston, the African American population increased as freedmen moved from rural areas to the major city: from 17,000 in 1860 to over 27,000 in 1880.


Premise: How many soldiers did Parisian Taxis transport to the front line at the First Battle of the Marne?

Hypothesis: The city was also bombed by Zeppelins and shelled by German long-range guns.


Premise: What is getting cheaper as a result of technilogical change?

Hypothesis: Renewable energy technologies are getting cheaper, through technological change and through the benefits of mass production and market competition.


Premise: How many Jews did Schindler save?

Hypothesis: With the film a huge success at the box office, Spielberg used the profits to set up the Shoah Foundation, a non-profit organization that archives filmed testimony of Holocaust survivors.


Premise: What US ambassador spoke about the widespread support for Nasser's nationalization of the canal?

Hypothesis: US ambassador Henry A. Byroade stated, "I cannot overemphasize [the] popularity of the Canal Company nationalization within Egypt, even among Nasser's enemies.


Premise: What is Nico Frijda's nationality?

Hypothesis: : Classic and Contemporary Readings (Oxford, 2003); Peter Goldie (1946–2011), a British philosopher who specialized in ethics, aesthetics, emotion, mood and character; Nico Frijda (1927–2015), a Dutch psychologist who advanced the theory that human emotions serve to promote a tendency to undertake actions that are appropriate in the circumstances, detailed in his book The Emotions (1986).


Premise: On what day was Alaskan Statehood finally approved by Congress?

Hypothesis: The Alaska Statehood Committee and Alaska's Constitutional Convention would soon follow.


Premise: Which churches teach that Jesus' brothers and sister were step-siblings from a previous marriage of Joseph the Betrothed?

Hypothesis: The term Ever-Virgin (Greek ἀειπάρθενος) is applied in this case, stating that Mary remained a virgin for the remainder of her life, making Jesus her biological and only son, whose conception and birth are held to be miraculous.


Premise: What level where they?

Hypothesis: Chasetown, whilst playing at Level 8 of English football during the 2007–08 competition, are the lowest-ranked team to play in the Third Round Proper (final 64, of 731 teams entered that season).


Premise: How many MP were elected in the 1910 election?

Hypothesis: The 1910 election saw 42 Labour MPs elected to the House of Commons, a significant victory since, a year before the election, the House of Lords had passed the Osborne judgment ruling that Trades Unions in the United Kingdom could no longer donate money to fund the election campaigns and wages of Labour MPs.


Premise: Gautama invented a new kind of human without what?

Hypothesis: While he searched for enlightenment, Gautama combined the yoga practice of his teacher Kalama with what later became known as "the immeasurables".[dubious – discuss]


Premise: What were preserved in typical bronze inscriptions?

Hypothesis: The traditional picture of an orderly series of scripts, each one invented suddenly and then completely displacing the previous one, has been conclusively demonstrated to be fiction by the archaeological finds and scholarly research of the later 20th and early 21st centuries.


Premise: Who was the Archbishop of Milan?

Hypothesis: Many had considered Giovanni Battista Montini, the Archbishop of Milan, a possible candidate, but, although he was the archbishop of one of the most ancient and prominent sees in Italy, he had not yet been made a cardinal.


Premise: What ages are officially compulsary for education in Eritrea?

Hypothesis: Education in Eritrea is officially compulsory between seven and 13 years of age.


Premise: When did the University of Michigan leave Detroit?

Hypothesis: The University of Michigan was established in 1817 in Detroit and later moved to Ann Arbor in 1837.


Premise: What is another name for POJ?

Hypothesis: The use of a mixed script of Han characters and Latin letters is also seen, though remains uncommon.


Premise: What allows unhindered light and thermal radiation?

Hypothesis: The stability of the atmosphere above the desert prevents any convective overturning, thus making rainfall virtually non-existent.


Premise: What genre did Zane Grey write in?

Hypothesis: He learned poker, which he called his "favorite indoor sport," in Abilene.


Premise: When did the pope die?

Hypothesis: Pope John XXIII did not live to see the Vatican Council to completion.


Premise: Where was support found for Greek philosophy?

Hypothesis: Access to Greek texts from the Byzantine Empire, along with Indian sources of learning, provided Muslim scholars a knowledge base to build upon.


Premise: What is the determining factor where zinc and magnesium are very similar chemically?

Hypothesis: Because of this some of their salts have the same crystal structure and in circumstances where ionic radius is a determining factor zinc and magnesium chemistries have much in common.


Premise: R. C. Harvey, Will Eisner and others are considered to be comic what?

Hypothesis: Theorists such as Töpffer, R. C. Harvey, Will Eisner, David Carrier, Alain Rey, and Lawrence Grove emphasize the combination of text and images, though there are prominent examples of pantomime comics throughout its history.


Premise: What causes the assumption of constant capacitance to fail even if the effect is linear in nature?

Hypothesis: There is yet another group, which may be linear but invalidate the assumption in the analysis that capacitance is a constant.


Premise: What do the external ectoderm and an internal endoderm layers develop into?

Hypothesis: It first invaginates to form a gastrula with a digestive chamber, and two separate germ layers — an external ectoderm and an internal endoderm.


Premise: Who inspired this hiatus?

Hypothesis: Beyoncé announced a hiatus from her music career in January 2010, heeding her mother's advice, "to live life, to be inspired by things again".


Premise: What were the subjects of Frederic Remington's paintings?

Hypothesis: Western painter Frederic Remington (Yale 1900) was an artist whose heroes gloried in combat and tests of strength in the Wild West.


Premise: At how many mya did mammals first appear in time?

Hypothesis: Sharks appeared about 450 Mya, amphibians about 400 Mya, reptiles about 350 Mya, and mammals about 200 Mya.


Premise: What song did Clay Aiken first release after losing American Idol?

Hypothesis: This Is the Night", as well as in their subsequent album releases.


Premise: In Army XXI, how many are active in periodic army training?

Hypothesis: The structure of the Swiss militia system stipulates that the soldiers keep their Army issued equipment, including all personal weapons, at home.


Premise: When do thunderstorms usually occur in Detroit?

Hypothesis: These usually occur during spring and summer.


Premise: To what measurement, in cm, did the wingspans of giant dragonfly-like forms reach?

Hypothesis: The lack of flying vertebrates could have been another factor.


Premise: What did Operation Smiles do for the Philippines?

Hypothesis: After JSOTF-P disbanded, as late as November 2014, American forces continued to operate in the Philippines under the name "PACOM Augmentation Team".


Premise: What television network was contracted to show Arena Football League games in 2010?

Hypothesis: The league announced plans for the upcoming season and details of its contract with NFL Network to broadcast AFL games in 2010.


Premise: Who popularized the mandolin in Western Swing Music?

Hypothesis: Chris Thile of California is a well-known player, and has accomplished many feats of traditional bluegrass, classical, contemporary pop and rock; the band Nickel Creek featured his playing in its blend of traditional and pop styles, and he now plays in his band Punch Brothers.


Premise: What did they use to teach birds a migration route?

Hypothesis: It has been possible to teach a migration route to a flock of birds, for example in re-introduction schemes.


Premise: How many CDs were mass produced in 1988?

Hypothesis: In 1988, 400 million CDs were manufactured by 50 pressing plants around the world.


Premise: What music followed ancient Egyptian art music?

Hypothesis: Burgh (2006), suggests that the roots of Western classical music ultimately lie in ancient Egyptian art music via cheironomy and the ancient Egyptian orchestra, which dates to 2695 BC.


Premise: What proportion of bannerman were Manchu by 1648?

Hypothesis: Due to a revolt by Han in Liaodong in 1623, Nurhachi, who previously gave concessions to conquered Han subjects in Liaodong, turned against them and ordered that they no longer be trusted; He enacted discriminatory policies and killings against them, while ordering that Han who assimilated to the Jurchen (in Jilin) before 1619 be treated equally as Jurchens were and not like the conquered Han in Liaodong.


Premise: What sales model did Dell follow?

Hypothesis: The company is well known for its innovations in supply chain management and electronic commerce, particularly its direct-sales model and its "build-to-order" or "configure to order" approach to manufacturing—delivering individual PCs configured to customer specifications.


Premise: Where did the Arabs establish as the capital of the newly conquered territory?

Hypothesis: After several incursions, the Hindu kings east of Indus defeated the Arabs at the Battle of Rajasthan, halting their expansion and containing them at Sindh in Pakistan.


Premise: What was the death rate during the Middle Passage?

Hypothesis: For the transported, harsh and unhygienic conditions on the slaving ships and poor diets meant that the average mortality rate during the Middle Passage was one in seven.


Premise: The organization stated that analysis should be based on comparison of neighborhoods within the city and not what?

Hypothesis: The research organization called for comparisons based on neighborhoods, blocks, or standard methodologies (similar to those used by Brookings, DiversityData, and other established institutions), not based on municipalities.


Premise: How does the ECB mimic a corporation?

Hypothesis: Although the ECB is governed by European law directly and thus not by corporate law applying to private law companies, its set-up resembles that of a corporation in the sense that the ECB has shareholders and stock capital.


Premise: How does Tucson rank among US cities?

Hypothesis: In 2009, Tucson ranked as the 32nd largest city and 52nd largest metropolitan area in the United States.


Premise: What is becoming increasingly economic in both developing and devloped countries?

Hypothesis: Without a level playing field, however, high market penetration of renewables is still dependent on a robust promotional policies.


Premise: What does a forensic archaeologist become stimulated to do in the presence of buried victims?

Hypothesis: Practical anthropology, the use of anthropological knowledge and technique to solve specific problems, has arrived; for example, the presence of buried victims might stimulate the use of a forensic archaeologist to recreate the final scene.


Premise: Who was killed in the attack of the Social Democrats?

Hypothesis: On the night of 31 July 1932 there was a bomb attack on the headquarters of the Social Democrats in Königsberg, the Otto-Braun-House.


Premise: Where was a parade held for the President of South Vietnam?

Hypothesis: This was due to North Vietnam's support of "uprisings" in the south and concern the nation would fall.


Premise: What publication revealed information about the working conditions of iPod labor?

Hypothesis: On June 11, 2006, the British tabloid The Mail on Sunday reported that iPods are mainly manufactured by workers who earn no more than US$50 per month and work 15-hour shifts.


Premise: What kind of service was Ceefax?

Hypothesis: The BBC also introduced Ceefax, the first teletext service, starting in 1974.


Premise: the spread of grasslands and what have been strongly linked?

Hypothesis: Traditionally, the spread of grasslands and the development of grazers have been strongly linked.


Premise: What is the leading port of somerset

Hypothesis: With its good links to the motorway system, Bridgwater has developed as a distribution hub for companies such as Argos, Toolstation, Morrisons and Gerber Juice.


Premise: Who is the largest vegetable producing district in the state?

Hypothesis: Solan is the largest vegetable producing district in the state.


Premise: What is the 2009 population of Whites in Detroit?

Hypothesis: According to an estimate of the Michigan Metropolitan Information Center, from 2008 to 2009 the percentage of non-Hispanic White residents increased from 8.4% to 13.3%.


Premise: How many dimensions did Melzack and Casey describe pain in terms of?

Hypothesis: The paper ends with a call to action: "Pain can be treated not only by trying to cut down the sensory input by anesthetic block, surgical intervention and the like, but also by influencing the motivational-affective and cognitive factors as well."


Premise: What famous tomb is in Lahore?

Hypothesis: The Anarkali Market and Jahangir's Tomb are prominent in the city of Lahore as is the Lahore Museum, while the ancient city of Taxila in the northwest was once a major centre of Buddhist and Hindu influence.


Premise: Who disagreed with the idea of unilaterally bombing the North Korean military?

Hypothesis: Acting on State Secretary Acheson's recommendation, President Truman ordered General MacArthur to transfer matériel to the Army of the Republic of Korea while giving air cover to the evacuation of U.S. nationals.


Premise: What group opposed the nominalists on the subject of universals?

Hypothesis: This movement tried to employ a systemic approach to truth and reason and culminated in the thought of Thomas Aquinas (d. 1274), who wrote the Summa Theologica, or Summary of Theology.


Premise: How many people initially auditioned?

Hypothesis: In the audition rounds, 121 contestants were selected from around 10,000 who attended the auditions.


Premise: Where does pain-related activity in the thalamus spread to?

Hypothesis: Spinal cord fibers dedicated to carrying A-delta fiber pain signals, and others that carry both A-delta and C fiber pain signals up the spinal cord to the thalamus in the brain have been identified.


Premise: What did the new constitution require for voter registration?

Hypothesis: In 1899 the state legislature passed a new constitution, with requirements for poll taxes and literacy tests for voter registration which disfranchised most black Americans in the state.


Premise: What were non-Muslims also known as in the Islamic Ottoman State?

Hypothesis: Under the millet system, non-Muslim people were considered subjects of the Empire, but were not subject to the Muslim faith or Muslim law.


Premise: How istricking the user accomplished in clickjacking?

Hypothesis: Clickjacking, also known as "UI redress attack or User Interface redress attack", is a malicious technique in which an attacker tricks a user into clicking on a button or link on another webpage while the user intended to click on the top level page.


Premise: What was the name of the Pact of August 1939?

Hypothesis: The government did not build them for large populations before the war because of cost, time to build, and fears that their very safety would cause occupants to refuse to leave to return to work, or that anti-war sentiment would develop in large groups.


Premise: Which contestant had to go to the hospital during the week of the top 20?

Hypothesis: The schedule was rearranged so the boys performed first and she could perform the following night instead; she later revealed that Ken Warwick, the show producer, wanted to disqualify her but she begged to be allowed to stay on the show.


Premise: What artist did Kanye West have a feud with over Amber Rose?

Hypothesis: He announced in January 2016 on Twitter that SWISH would be released on February 11, after releasing new song "Real Friends" and a snippet of "No More Parties in L.A." with Kendrick Lamar.


Premise: Who was the ruler of Ghazni?

Hypothesis: However, the army was hopeless in battle against the western forces, particularly against the young Mahmud of Ghazni.


Premise: What college of further education offers vocational courses and ESOL programs?

Hypothesis: Southampton City College is a further education college serving the city.


Premise: What did Eisenhower threaten to use to end the Korean War?

Hypothesis: In the first year of his presidency, he threatened the use of nuclear weapons in an effort to conclude the Korean War; his New Look policy of nuclear deterrence prioritized inexpensive nuclear weapons while reducing funding for conventional military forces.


Premise: Which band listed Beyonce as an inspiration on their latest album?

Hypothesis: American indie rock band White Rabbits also cited her an inspiration for their third album Milk Famous (2012), friend Gwyneth Paltrow studied Beyoncé at her live concerts while learning to become a musical performer for the 2010 film Country Strong.


Premise: What did people fear in 1930?

Hypothesis: Dr. Cecil Cook, the Northern Territory Protector of Natives, noted that:


Premise: What are some examples of the science parks being built in Portugal?

Hypothesis: With the emergence and growth of several science parks throughout the world that helped create many thousands of scientific, technological and knowledge-based businesses, Portugal started to develop several science parks across the country.


Premise: What year can BYU's origin be traced to with a building called Cluff Hall?

Hypothesis: Brigham Young University's origin can be traced back to 1862 when a man named Warren Dusenberry started a Provo school in a prominent adobe building called Cluff Hall, which was located in the northeast corner of 200 East and 200 North.


Premise: Where is Estonia located in Northern Europe?

Hypothesis: Across the Baltic Sea lies Sweden in the west and Finland in the north.


Premise: Who attacked the port after the attack outside of Odessa harbor?

Hypothesis: The clash came on 30 November 1853 when a Russian fleet attacked an Ottoman force in the harbour at Sinop, and destroyed it at the Battle of Sinop.


Premise: What is the most popular hotel in Windhoek?

Hypothesis: The capital city of Windhoek plays a very important role in Namibia's tourism due to its central location and close proximity to Hosea Kutako International Airport.


Premise: Society has been considered subject to natural laws akin to what?

Hypothesis: Since the cultural revolution of the 17th century in England, which spread to France and the rest of Europe, society has been considered subject to natural laws akin to the physical world.


Premise: In addition to the Humvee, what other vehicle manufactured by AM General was Schwarzenegger first to own?

Hypothesis: Schwarzenegger was the first civilian to purchase a Humvee.


Premise: Which terminal was expanded in the San Diego International Airport in 2013?

Hypothesis: Airport projects include expansion of Terminal 2, currently under construction and slated for completion in summer 2013.


Premise: Who became commissioner of the AFL after Jerry Kurz?

Hypothesis: Former Foxwoods CEO Scott Butera was hired as his successor as commissioner.


Premise: Where does the Auto train originate

Hypothesis: Florida is served by Amtrak, operating numerous lines throughout, connecting the state's largest cities to points north in the United States and Canada.


Premise: Where was Thomas Edison's electrical supply network located?

Hypothesis: In the latter part of the second revolution, Thomas Alva Edison developed many devices that greatly influenced life around the world and is often credited with the creation of the first industrial research laboratory.


Premise: Up until 2011, who manufactured sodium thiopental?

Hypothesis: Hospira, the only U.S. manufacturer of sodium thiopental, stopped making the drug in 2011.


Premise: When did Claridge's company liquidate?

Hypothesis: The failure of Clarmac Roads Ltd had a flow-on effect to Claridge's Company, which was itself compulsorily wound up, ceasing operations in 1917, having invested a substantial amount of funds into the new venture, both at the outset, and in a subsequent attempt to save the Clarmac Company.


Premise: In what city did Daniel Craig have minor surgery to repair his knee?

Hypothesis: It was reported that filming was not affected and he had returned to filming at Pinewood Studios as planned on 22 April.


Premise: What surrounds the Sichuan basin to the South?

Hypothesis: Since the Yangtze flows through the basin and then through the perilous Yangzi Gorges to eastern and southern China, Sichuan was a staging area for amphibious military forces and a refuge for political refugees.[citation needed]


Premise: what did the fcc choose to apply to the internet?

Hypothesis: Title II (common carrier) of the Communications Act of 1934 to the internet in a vote expected on 26 February 2015.


Premise: When did the tour begin?

Hypothesis: Beyoncé embarked on The Mrs. Carter Show World Tour on April 15 in Belgrade, Serbia; the tour included 132 dates that ran through to March 2014.


Premise: Who argued that the influence of Old Norse caused English to become a clearer, stronger and more direct language?

Hypothesis: The influence of Old Norse certainly helped move English from a synthetic language along the continuum to a more analytic word order, and Old Norse most likely made a greater impact on the English language than any other language.


Premise: What land does Link serve to protect?

Hypothesis: The story focuses on series protagonist Link, who tries to prevent Hyrule from being engulfed by a corrupted parallel dimension known as the Twilight Realm.


Premise: How many national highways form a junction in Hyderabad?

Hypothesis: Five state highways, SH-1, SH-2, SH-4, SH-5 and SH-6, either start from, or pass through, Hyderabad.:58


Premise: What is the German translation for German-Austria?

Hypothesis: Rump-Austria, which to a certain extent corresponded to the German-speaking areas of Austria-Hungary (a complete split into language groups was impossible due to multi-lingual areas and language-exclaves) adopted the name "German-Austria"


Premise: What is another word for egg?

Hypothesis: Holometabolism, or complete metamorphosis, is where the insect changes in four stages, an egg or embryo, a larva, a pupa and the adult or imago.


Premise: How can luminescent light sources be modified to resemble the appearance of incandescents?

Hypothesis: By careful selection of which electron energy level transitions are used, and fluorescent coatings which modify the spectral distribution, the spectrum emitted can be tuned to mimic the appearance of incandescent sources, or other different color temperatures of white light.


Premise: What was the origin of maize?

Hypothesis: In certain cases, the indigenous peoples developed entirely new species and strains through artificial selection, as was the case in the domestication and breeding of maize from wild teosinte grasses in the valleys of southern Mexico.


Premise: In what year did England reach the quarter-finals of the FIFA World Cup for the first time?

Hypothesis: In the 1954 FIFA World Cup, England reached the quarter-finals for the first time, and lost 4–2 to reigning champions Uruguay.


Premise: In the Non-Aligned Movement, which Egyptian leader did Tito work with?

Hypothesis: During World War II he was the leader of the Partisans, often regarded as the most effective resistance movement in occupied Europe.


Premise: After the RICO Act took effect what did the FBI start investigating?

Hypothesis: The RICO Act is still used today for all organized crime and any individuals who might fall under the Act.


Premise: Who was elected Vice President of the United States in 1864?

Hypothesis: In 1864, Andrew Johnson (a War Democrat from Tennessee) was elected Vice President under Abraham Lincoln.


Premise: Where does the minibus travel to?

Hypothesis: A minibus offers a basic service to carry people around Saint Helena, with most services designed to take people into Jamestown for a few hours on weekdays to conduct their business.


Premise: What social media platform did Beyoncé upload a picture of her paper ballot on?

Hypothesis: She publicly endorsed same sex marriage on March 26, 2013, after the Supreme Court debate on California's Proposition 8.


Premise: Which type of decoder must support bitrate switching on a per-frame basis?

Hypothesis: MPEG audio may use bitrate switching on a per-frame basis, but only layer III decoders must support it.


Premise: Along with the Orlando Predators, what former Arena Football League team joined af2?

Hypothesis: For legal reasons, af2 league officials and owners agreed to form a new legal entity, Arena Football 1 (AF1), with former AFL teams the Arizona Rattlers and Orlando Predators joining the former af2.


Premise: When did a play for the book begin to perform every year in Monroeville, Alabama?

Hypothesis: Since 1990, a play based on the novel has been performed annually in Harper Lee's hometown of Monroeville, Alabama.


Premise: In what year did the Channel Tunnel open?

Hypothesis: The opening of the Channel Tunnel in 1994 connected London directly to the continental rail network, allowing Eurostar services to begin.


Premise: Who was Chairman of the Council of Ministers prior to Ryzhkov?

Hypothesis: On September 27, Nikolai Ryzhkov replaced 79-year-old Nikolai Tikhonov as Chairman of the Council of Ministers, effectively the Soviet prime minister, and on October 14, Nikolai Talyzin replaced Nikolai Baibakov as chairman of the State Planning Committee (GOSPLAN).


Premise: During which century did Matisse work?

Hypothesis: He also was familiar with the way that complementary colors, such as red and green, strengthened each other when they were placed next to each other.


Premise: Who was favored by those who lived in the west and mainly used another form of well know verbal language ?

Hypothesis: Although the Latin West recognized the Eastern Empire's claim to the Roman legacy for several centuries, after Pope Leo III crowned Charlemagne, king of the Franks, as the "Roman Emperor" on 25 December 800, an act which eventually led to the formation of the Holy Roman Empire, the Latin West started to favour the Franks and began to refer to the Eastern Roman Empire largely as the Empire of the Greeks (Imperium Graecorum).


Premise: How many companies did Apple promise were develping products for the new computer?

Hypothesis: Only about ten applications including MacWrite and MacPaint were widely available, although many non-Apple software developers participated in the introduction and Apple promised that 79 companies including Lotus, Digital Research, and Ashton-Tate were creating products for the new computer.


Premise: What types of surburban development did Melbourne policies promote?

Hypothesis: However, after 10 years[when?] of planning policies to encourage medium-density and high-density development in existing areas with greater access to public transport and other services, Melbourne's middle and outer-ring suburbs have seen significant brownfields redevelopment.


Premise: Who was held responsible for the actions of the KPA?

Hypothesis: In their southward advance, the KPA purged the Republic of Korea's intelligentsia by killing civil servants and intellectuals.


Premise: What was the cost to watch AFL games on Ustream?

Hypothesis: All AFL games not on the NFL Network could be seen for free online, provided by Ustream.


Premise: What years did Zhu Yuanzhang rule as the Hongwu Emperor?

Hypothesis: Zhu Yuanzhang then established the Ming dynasty, ruling as the Hongwu Emperor (r. 1368–1398).


Premise: Who said he 'perfectly differed from Mr. Fox'?

Hypothesis: Francis Basset, a backbench Whig MP, wrote to Burke: "...though for reasons which I will not now detail


Premise: What did the former opposition parties declare?

Hypothesis: After African leaders in Chad refused to recognize Djotodia as President, proposing to form a transitional council and the holding of new elections, Djotodia signed a decree on 6 April for the formation of a council that would act as a transitional parliament.


Premise: Why is Lisbon a popular stopover for many foreign airlines?

Hypothesis: Lisbon's geographical position makes it a stopover for many foreign airlines at several airports within the country.


Premise: In square miles, how much of the city's total area is composed of water?

Hypothesis: The highest point in the city is Todt Hill on Staten Island, which, at 409.8 feet (124.9 m) above sea level, is the highest point on the Eastern Seaboard south of Maine.


Premise: What motion pictures were made by Jewel?

Hypothesis: In its early years Universal released three brands of feature films — Red Feather, low-budget programmers; Bluebird, more ambitious productions; and Jewel, their prestige motion pictures.


Premise: The Dilwara Temples are a pilgrimage site for whom?

Hypothesis: It is located on the western side of the country, where it comprises most of the wide and inhospitable Thar Desert (also known as the "Rajasthan Desert" and "Great Indian Desert") and shares a border with the Pakistani provinces of Punjab to the northwest and Sindh to the west, along the Sutlej-Indus river valley.


Premise: During what time period did the Qing dynasty rule?

Hypothesis: The Manchus then allied with former Ming general Wu Sangui and seized control of Beijing, which became the new capital of the Qing dynasty.


Premise: In what parts of Afghanistan did the Taliban attack Coalition forces in 2002?

Hypothesis: In February 2010, Coalition forces launched Operation Moshtarak in southern Afghanistan along with other military offensives in the hopes that they would destroy the Taliban insurgency once and for all.


Premise: Who occasionally discusses a Scottish team joining the Premier League?

Hypothesis: Additionally, the media occasionally discusses the idea that Scotland's two biggest teams, Celtic and Rangers, should or will take part in the Premier League, but nothing has come of these discussions.


Premise: What was a feminine word in Old English?

Hypothesis: For example, the words sunne ("sun"), mōna ("moon") and wīf ("woman/wife") were respectively feminine, masculine and neuter; this is reflected, among other things, in the form of the definite article used with these nouns: sēo sunne ("the sun"), se mōna ("the moon"), þæt wīf ("the woman/wife").


Premise: What did African Americans moved to Liberia keep from America?

Hypothesis: In 1822, the American Colonization Society began sending African-American volunteers to the Pepper Coast to establish a colony for freed African Americans.


Premise: By what year is the city airport planned to reopen?

Hypothesis: It concluded that the best option for the south-west was to close Plymouth City Airport and expand Exeter International Airport and Newquay Cornwall Airport, although it did conclude that this was not the best option for Plymouth.


Premise: What is benefical work for children?

Hypothesis: Domestic work is an example: all families but the rich must work at cleaning, cooking, caring, and more to maintain their homes.


Premise: What did the Greeks call Neptune?

Hypothesis: In modern Greek the planet is called Poseidon (Ποσειδώνας, Poseidonas), the Greek counterpart of Neptune.


Premise: What is the old royal sports hall now called?

Hypothesis: On the edge of the Old Town are the Market Hall, the Leine Palace, and the ruin of the Aegidien Church which is now a monument to the victims of war and violence.


Premise: Where was the foundation based?

Hypothesis: Tzu Chi was the first force from outside the People's Republic of China to join the rescue effort.


Premise: What were there periods of during the Triassic?

Hypothesis: Abundant red beds and evaporites such as halite support these conclusions, but evidence exists that the generally dry climate of the Triassic was punctuated by episodes of increased rainfall.


Premise: What is the first step in zinc metal production?

Hypothesis: After grinding the ore, froth flotation, which selectively separates minerals from gangue by taking advantage of differences in their hydrophobicity, is used to get an ore concentrate.


Premise: Who is the largest producer of duck meat among the western nations?

Hypothesis: France (3.5%) is the largest producer in the West, followed by other EU nations (3%) and North America (1.7%).


Premise: Typically what were the nationalities of ships that traveled to and from England via the Straight of Gibraltar?

Hypothesis: The commercial route to Italy and the Mediterranean Sea normally lay through Antwerp and over the Alps; any ships passing through the Strait of Gibraltar to or from England were likely to be Italian or Ragusan.


Premise: What is the intended purpose of the "Q" component?

Hypothesis: The "Q" components have much longer codes, are more interference resistive, and are probably intended for the restricted service.


Premise: What does the dense population make difficult

Hypothesis: The larger region, including slightly more remote towns such as Woerden and Amersfoort counts up to 820,000 inhabitants.


Premise: When did Arsenal win their first Double Cup?

Hypothesis: In 1970–71, they won their first League and FA Cup Double.


Premise: What Lee Greenwood song did Beyoncé cover after Osama bin Laden was killed?

Hypothesis: Following the death of Osama bin Laden, Beyoncé released her cover of the Lee Greenwood song "God Bless the USA", as a charity single to help raise funds for the New York Police and Fire Widows' and Children's Benefit Fund.


Premise: During what period was the Paleozoic era?

Hypothesis: The Paleozoic spanned from roughly 541 to 252 million years ago (Ma) and is subdivided into six geologic periods; from oldest to youngest they are the Cambrian, Ordovician, Silurian, Devonian, Carboniferous and Permian.


Premise: How many Americans were found to have intermediate health literacy?

Hypothesis: On a scale of below basic, basic, intermediate and proficient, NAAL found 13 percent of adult Americans have proficient health literacy, 44% have intermediate literacy, 29 percent have basic literacy and 14 percent have below basic health literacy.


Premise: What was red lake composed of?

Hypothesis: Unlike vermilion or red ochre, made from minerals, red lake pigments are made by mixing organic dyes, made from insects or plants, with white chalk or alum.


Premise: What are two adjectives that best describe the szlachta?

Hypothesis: In official Latin documents of the old Commonwealth, hereditary szlachta are referred to as "nobilitas" and are indeed the equivalent in legal status of the English nobility.


Premise: How are the words bitumen and asphalt frequently used?

Hypothesis: The terms asphalt and bitumen are often used interchangeably to mean both natural and manufactured forms of the substance.


Premise: When did the Eritrean government begin to officially recognize certain churches?

Hypothesis: Since May 2002, the government of Eritrea has officially recognized the Eritrean Orthodox Tewahedo Church (Oriental Orthodox), Sunni Islam, the Eritrean Catholic Church (a Metropolitanate sui juris) and the Evangelical Lutheran church.


Premise: How did Bell refer to his partner in his well known line?

Hypothesis: When Bell spoke the famous sentence "Mr. Watson—Come here—


Premise: What is the highest street number in the Bronx?

Hypothesis: Marble Hill is also within the borough of Manhattan, so the highest street number in the borough is 228th Street.


Premise: Who is the current rector of The University of the Republic?

Hypothesis: The University of the Republic is the country's largest and most important university, with a student body of 81,774, according to the census of 2007.


Premise: What did Kerry think cost him the race against Cronin?

Hypothesis: The race was the most expensive for Congress in the country that year and four days before the general election, Durkin withdrew and endorsed Cronin, hoping to see Kerry defeated.


Premise: Which two people helped lift Victoria's body into the coffin?

Hypothesis: On 25 January, Edward VII, the Kaiser and Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught, helped lift her body into the coffin.


Premise: What should a conceptual data model do?

Hypothesis: The first task of a database designer is to produce a conceptual data model that reflects the structure of the information to be held in the database.


Premise: What country has attempted to better the controls of pesticide exchanges?

Hypothesis: Three other efforts to improve regulation of international pesticide trade are the United Nations London Guidelines for the Exchange of Information on Chemicals in International Trade and the United Nations Codex Alimentarius Commission.[citation needed]


Premise: What realization did Whitehead believe religion made necessary?

Hypothesis: In keeping with his process metaphysics in which relations are primary, he wrote that religion necessitates the realization of "the value of the objective world which is a community derivative from the interrelations of its component individuals."


Premise: Who was the author of the 1943 Plan for Plymouth?

Hypothesis: In 1962 the modernist high rise of the Civic Centre was constructed, an architecturally significant example of mid twentieth century civic slab-and-tower set piece allowed to fall into disrepair by its owner Plymouth City Council but recently grade II listed by English Heritage to prevent its demolition.


Premise: When did some madaris become considered like traditional colleges?

Hypothesis: Scholars like Arnold H. Green and Seyyed Hossein Nasr have argued that starting in the 10th century, some medieval Islamic madaris indeed became universities.


Premise: When did the Ottoman Empire conquer Constantinople?

Hypothesis: In the Balkans, the Ottoman Empire, a Turkish state originating in Anatolia, encroached steadily on former Byzantine lands, culminating in the Fall of Constantinople in 1453.


Premise: How concerned was France with Greek architecture?

Hypothesis: First-hand evidence of Greek architecture was of very little importance to the French, due to the influence of Marc-Antoine Laugier's doctrines that sought to discern the principles of the Greeks instead of their mere practices.


Premise: What was the former imperial palace called?

Hypothesis: The former imperial palace Palais du Rhin, the most political and thus heavily criticized of all German Strasbourg buildings epitomizes the grand scale and stylistic sturdiness of this period.


Premise: In what year was the famous The New Haven Green founded?

Hypothesis: The New Haven Green, one of the National Historic Landmarks, was formed in 1638, and is home to three 19th-century churches.


Premise: What do non-cuticle annelids use to protect their skin?

Hypothesis: A few marine annelids that live in tubes lack cuticles, but their tubes have a similar structure, and mucus-secreting glands in the epidermis protect their skins.


Premise: When was the Auguste Rodine exhibit?

Hypothesis: In addition to its extensive collections of American Art, European Art and ancient art, the museum recently has hosted major exhibitions featuring Auguste Rodin (in 2000) and Claude Monet (in 2006-07), each attracting more than 200,000 visitors.


Premise: Who published the Royal Titles Act of 1876?

Hypothesis: In the 1874 general election, Disraeli was returned to power.


Premise: What year did Edward III show up in Southampton and tell them to build walls?

Hypothesis: On visiting Southampton in 1339, Edward III ordered that walls be built to 'close the town'.


Premise: Which Pali District temple is dedicated to Lord Adinath?

Hypothesis: Dilwara Temples of Mount Abu, Ranakpur Temple dedicated to Lord Adinath in Pali District, Jain temples in the fort complexes of Chittor, Jaisalmer and Kumbhalgarh, Lodurva Jain temples, Mirpur Jain Temple, Sarun Mata Temple kotputli, Bhandasar and Karni Mata Temple of Bikaner and Mandore of Jodhpur are some of the best examples.


Premise: What type of worm have there been proposals to farm?

Hypothesis: Ragworms are commercially important as bait and as food sources for aquaculture, and there have been proposals to farm them in order to reduce over-fishing of their natural populations.


Premise: What is the name of the ceremonial boulevard for the Republic of India in New Delhi?

Hypothesis: The annual Republic Day parade takes place here on 26 January.


Premise: What causes the black checked pattern in the wood of western hemlocks?

Hypothesis: The reddish-brown streaks so common in hickory and certain other woods are mostly the result of injury by birds.


Premise: What are the low mountain ranges that are located along the pacific coast called?

Hypothesis: Much of the Pacific Northwest coast is inhabited by some of the densest vegetation outside of the Tropics, and also the tallest trees in the world (the Redwoods).


Premise: What temperature does hydrogen react with these elements?

Hypothesis: Hydrogen can react spontaneously and violently at room temperature with chlorine and fluorine to form the corresponding hydrogen halides, hydrogen chloride and hydrogen fluoride, which are also potentially dangerous acids.


Premise: What are high-index glasses erroneously called?

Hypothesis: These high-index glasses (inaccurately known as "crystal" when used in glass vessels) cause more chromatic dispersion of light, and are prized for their diamond-like optical properties.


Premise: What did Immanuel Kant consider essential to his conception of the public sphere?

Hypothesis: The Republic of Letters was the sum of a number of Enlightenment ideals: an egalitarian realm governed by knowledge that could act across political boundaries and rival state power.


Premise: What is thought to have eroded Greece's potential output?

Hypothesis: But in fact, the Greek economy suffered a prolonged high unemployemnt.


Premise: Buildings can create ghost images because of what?

Hypothesis: On the other hand, classical (analog) television transmissions are usually horizontally polarized, because in urban areas buildings can reflect the electromagnetic waves and create ghost images due to multipath propagation.


Premise: What do groups of anthropologists object to the use of anthropology for benefit of?

Hypothesis: The AAA's current 'Statement of Professional Responsibility' clearly states that "in relation with their own government and with host governments ... no secret research, no secret reports or debriefings of any kind should be agreed to or given."


Premise: How was the Portuguese bailout implemented?

Hypothesis: The Portuguese government also agreed to eliminate its golden share in Portugal Telecom which gave it veto power over vital decisions.


Premise: Name a property that makes copper a good material to use in marine environments?

Hypothesis: For this reason it has long been used to line parts of ships to protect against barnacles and mussels.


Premise: What was the name of the land purchased by BYU in 1904?

Hypothesis: After some controversy among locals over BYU's purchase of this property, construction began in 1909 on the first building on the current campus, the Karl G. Maeser Memorial.


Premise: In a lecture, Feynman said that what had to exist?

Hypothesis: His guiding principle was that, if a topic could not be explained in a freshman lecture, it was not yet fully understood.


Premise: What body was overthrown by the October Revolution?

Hypothesis: Under the leadership of Vladimir Lenin, the Bolsheviks established the Soviet state on 7 November [O.S. 25 October] 1917, immediately after the Russian Provisional Government, which governed the Russian Republic, was overthrown during the October Revolution.


Premise: What collective name was given to the generation of scholars produced by the Hungarian school system?

Hypothesis: Collectively, they were sometimes known as Martians.


Premise: Which strip had a good deal of success as a comic strip?

Hypothesis: The success of illustrated humour supplements in the New York World and later the New York American, particularly Outcault's The Yellow Kid, led to the development of newspaper comic strips.


Premise: How much of the earth is covered by oceans?

Hypothesis: Solar radiation is absorbed by the Earth's land surface, oceans – which cover about 71% of the globe – and atmosphere.


Premise: What theory supports this?

Hypothesis: According to quantum theory, this behavior arises from the spacing of the (quantized) rotational energy levels, which are particularly wide-spaced in H2 because of its low mass.


Premise: What is an example of a critical habitat consideration that would apply to plant wildlife?

Hypothesis: To determine what exactly is critical habitat, the needs of open space for individual and population growth, food, water, light or other nutritional requirements, breeding sites, seed germination and dispersal needs, and lack of disturbances are considered.


Premise: Which two major holidays become popular in Guam?

Hypothesis: During Spanish colonial rule (1668–1898) the majority of the population was converted to Roman Catholicism and religious festivities such as Easter and Christmas became widespread.


Premise: What state was dissolved on March 3, 1944?

Hypothesis: The territory of the ASSR was divided between other administrative unit of Russian SFSR and the Georgian SSR.


Premise: What movie demonstrates the operation of department stores in the former Soviet Union?

Hypothesis: 1956 Soviet film Behind Store Window (За витриной универмага) on YouTube depicts operation of a Moscow department store in 1950's.


Premise: What year was Chopin born?

Hypothesis: " Chopin was born in what was then the Duchy of Warsaw, and grew up in Warsaw, which after 1815 became part of Congress Poland.


Premise: What parts of the sometimes "too nice" BYU culture is often caricatured?

Hypothesis: The high rate of enrollment at the university by members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (more than 98 percent) results in an amplification of LDS cultural norms; BYU was ranked by The Princeton Review in 2008 as 14th in the nation for having the happiest students and highest quality of life.


Premise: Where is hydrogen highly soluble?

Hypothesis: These properties may be useful when hydrogen is purified by passage through hot palladium disks, but the gas's high solubility is a metallurgical problem, contributing to the embrittlement of many metals, complicating the design of pipelines and storage tanks.


Premise: What was the originally-planned launch year for Twilight Princess?

Hypothesis: Developing two versions would mean delaying the previously announced 2005 release, still disappointing the consumer.


Premise: Where is The Washington National Records Center located?

Hypothesis: In accordance with federal records schedules, documents at WNRC are transferred to the legal custody of the National Archives after a certain point (this usually involves a relocation of the records to College Park).


Premise: When did Mr. Thomas Samuel Hood purchase a plot of land at the British Cemetery Montevideo?

Hypothesis: A section of the cemetery, known as British Cemetery Montevideo Soldiers and Sailors, contains the graves of quite a number of sailors of different nationalities, although the majority are of British descent.


Premise: Why did monasteries have gardens?

Hypothesis: These gardens continued the practical value of earlier "physic gardens", often associated with monasteries, in which plants were cultivated for medical use.


Premise: Who was appointed to the Chief of Staff of the Air Force following Mosley's resignation?

Hypothesis: In response to the 2007 United States Air Force nuclear weapons incident, Secretary of Defense Robert Gates accepted in June 2009 the resignations of Secretary of the Air Force Michael Wynne and the Chief of Staff of the Air Force General T. Michael Moseley.


Premise: Why did Albert fear speaking in public?

Hypothesis: Because of his stammer, Albert dreaded public speaking.


Premise: Who invented the point-contact transistor?

Hypothesis: In 1948, the point-contact transistor was independently invented by German physicists Herbert Mataré and Heinrich Welker while working at the Compagnie des Freins et Signaux, a Westinghouse subsidiary located in Paris.


Premise: What is the theoretical maximum of a brushless wound rotor?

Hypothesis: If a precision means were available to instantaneously control torque angle and slip for synchronous operation during motoring or generating while simultaneously providing brushless power to the rotor winding set, the active current of the BWRSDF machine would be independent of the reactive impedance of the transformer circuit and bursts of torque significantly higher than the maximum operating torque and far beyond the practical capability of any other type of electric machine would be realizable.


Premise: Who came to tell Victoria that she was to be Queen of the United Kingdom?

Hypothesis: In her diary she wrote, "I was awoke at 6 o'clock by Mamma, who told me the Archbishop of Canterbury and Lord Conyngham were here and wished to see me.


Premise: What type of relationship harms both organisms?

Hypothesis: Because of this, evolution selects against synnecrosis and it is uncommon in nature.


Premise: The Soviet Union feared invasion from which potential enemy?

Hypothesis: The strategy behind the formation of the Warsaw Pact was driven by the desire of the Soviet Union to dominate Central and Eastern Europe.


Premise: Who does an NPO usually serve?

Hypothesis: Overall, they tend to be either member-serving or community-serving.


Premise: How does chromosome of Borrelia burgdoferi look like?

Hypothesis: Spirochaetes of the genus Borrelia are a notable exception to this arrangement, with bacteria such as Borrelia burgdorferi, the cause of Lyme disease, containing a single linear chromosome.


Premise: Municipalities have how many major policy responsibilities?

Hypothesis: " Under this broad statement of competence, local governments can justify a wide range of activities.


Premise: Besides assimilation of British culture, what else did the British consider Indians to be?

Hypothesis: Trautmann considers two separate and logically opposite sources for the growing hostility: one was "British Indophobia", which he calls essentially a developmentalist, progressivist, liberal, and non-racial-essentialist critique of Hindu civilisation as an aid for the improvement of India along European lines; the other was scientific racism, a theory of the English "common-sense view" that Indians constituted a "separate, inferior and unimprovable race".


Premise: Who was the last and most famous queen of the Ptolemy dynasty?

Hypothesis: All the male rulers of the dynasty took the name Ptolemy.


Premise: Which leader defeated the Ming armies?

Hypothesis: Together these military reforms enabled Hong Taiji to resoundingly defeat Ming forces in a series of battles from 1640 to 1642 for the territories of Songshan and Jinzhou.


Premise: What common terminological problem can sometimes lead to confusion surrounding a treaty?

Hypothesis: The terminology can also be confusing because a treaty may and usually is named something other than a treaty, such as a convention, protocol, or simply agreement.


Premise: In what year did the term humanism gain yet another layer of meaning?

Hypothesis: The coinage gained universal acceptance in 1856, when German historian and philologist Georg Voigt used humanism to describe Renaissance humanism, the movement that flourished in the Italian Renaissance to revive classical learning, a use which won wide acceptance among historians in many nations, especially Italy.


Premise: Where is the only She autonomous county in China?

Hypothesis: Han Chinese make up the vast majority of the population, and the largest Han subgroup are the speakers of Wu varieties of Chinese.


Premise: What year did Kelly Clarkson win?

Hypothesis: Like That There", and eventually won the crown on September 4, 2002.


Premise: What was the average age of American Idols viewers in its tenth season?

Hypothesis: By the time of the 2010–11 television season, Fox was in its seventh consecutive season of victory overall in the 18–49 demographic ratings in the United States.


Premise: Where does the minibus travel to?

Hypothesis: Car hire is available for visitors.


Premise: Pesticides contribute to what sort of pollution?

Hypothesis: Pesticides are one of the causes of water pollution, and some pesticides are persistent organic pollutants and contribute to soil contamination.


Premise: When was the Summer Consumer Electronics Show held?

Hypothesis: Atari's CEO Ray Kassar was fired the next month, so the deal went nowhere, and Nintendo decided to market its system on its own.g[›]