Premise: When was Electroluminescence discovered?

Hypothesis: His research was distributed in Soviet, German and British scientific journals, but no practical use was made of the discovery for several decades.


Premise: When was Crystal hospitalized?

Hypothesis: Crystal Bowersox, who has Type-I diabetes, fell ill due to diabetic ketoacidosis on the morning of the girls performance night for the top 20 week and was hospitalized.


Premise: What day of the week does DST begin and end in Chile?

Hypothesis: For example, mainland Chile observed DST from the second Saturday in October to the second Saturday in March, with transitions at 24:00 local time.


Premise: Great Smoky mountain and Blue Ridge Parkway are located in what mountain range?

Hypothesis: The scenic Blue Ridge Parkway and Great Smoky Mountains National Park are the two most visited national park and unit in the United States with over 25 million visitors in 2013.


Premise: When did the First Council of Nicaea rule that Easter be celebrated by all Christians?

Hypothesis: The motivation for the adjustment was to bring the date for the celebration of Easter to the time of year in which it was celebrated when it was introduced by the early Church.


Premise: In what year did the Easy Listening and Hot 100 charts begin to diverge?

Hypothesis: After 1965, differences between the Hot 100 chart and the Easy Listening chart became more pronounced.


Premise: The milieu interieur term was used by what physiologist?

Hypothesis: (This principle is widely used in engineering, for example in the control of temperature using a thermostat.)


Premise: What type of story was the Romulus and Remus tale?

Hypothesis: The most common version of the twins' story displays several aspects of hero myth.


Premise: Melbourne has sustained the highest population increase and economic growth rate in any Australian city according to what organization?

Hypothesis: According to the Australian Bureau of Statistics, Melbourne sustained the highest population increase and economic growth rate of any Australian capital city in the three years ended June 2004.


Premise: About how many pupils took the bullying survey?

Hypothesis: More than 2,000 took part and said that verbal bullying was the most common form, although physical bullying was a close second for boys.


Premise: What was the biggest factor in the decline in Atlantic City's popularity?

Hypothesis: But perhaps the biggest factor in the decline in Atlantic City's popularity came from cheap, fast jet service to other premier resorts, such as Miami Beach and the Bahamas.


Premise: What is the rate of interreligious marriage in the United States?

Hypothesis: In the United States, only about a third of children from intermarriages affiliate with Jewish religious practice.


Premise: In what year was the first commercial hotel built in Atlantic City?

Hypothesis: In 1853, the first commercial hotel, The Belloe House, located at Massachusetts and Atlantic Avenue, was built.


Premise: How many international organizations made donations?

Hypothesis: On May 16 China stated it had also received $457 million in donated money and goods for rescue efforts so far, including $83 million from 19 countries and four international organizations.


Premise: What transforms nuclear potential energy to other forms of energy?

Hypothesis: If the object falls to the ground, gravity does mechanical work on the object which transforms the potential energy in the gravitational field to the kinetic energy released as heat on impact with the ground.


Premise: Adrenalize followed what 1987 Def Leppard record?

Hypothesis: In 1992, Def Leppard followed up 1987's Hysteria with Adrenalize, which went multi-platinum, spawned four Top 40 singles and held the number one spot on the US album chart for five weeks.


Premise: What do the shoots get from the roots?

Hypothesis: The root system and the shoot system are interdependent – the usually nonphotosynthetic root system depends on the shoot system for food, and the usually photosynthetic shoot system depends on water and minerals from the root system.


Premise: Since when has the St Helena Independent been published?

Hypothesis: The island has two local newspapers, both of which are available on the Internet.


Premise: In which year did this happen?

Hypothesis: So, from 409 Galicia was taken by the Suebi, forming the first medieval kingdom to be created in Europe, in 411, even before the fall of the Roman Empire, being also the first Germanic kingdom to mint coinage in Roman lands.


Premise: Where are the Sentinelese and the Andaman Islands?

Hypothesis: One such group is the Pila Nguru (Spinifex people) of Western Australia, whose habitat in the Great Victoria Desert has proved unsuitable for European agriculture (and even pastoralism).[citation needed]


Premise: What is the only coastal community in San Diego without the word "beach" in its name?

Hypothesis: Further south are the beach and coastal communities of La Jolla, Pacific Beach, Mission Beach, and Ocean Beach.


Premise: In which centuries did a proliferation of secret treaties occur that led the United Nations Charter to include an obligation to register treaties to be invoked before it?

Hypothesis: The United Nations Charter states that treaties must be registered with the UN to be invoked before it or enforced in its judiciary organ, the International Court of Justice.


Premise: What was the median age of non-Hispanic whites in 2008?

Hypothesis: Median age of Hispanics was 27.5 years, compared to 35.1 years overall and 41.6 years among non-Hispanic whites; Hispanics were the largest group in all ages under 18, and non-Hispanic whites constituted 63.1% of population 55 and older.


Premise: GABA is the abbreviation for what?

Hypothesis: The two neurotransmitters that are used most widely in the vertebrate brain are glutamate, which almost always exerts excitatory effects on target neurons, and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), which is almost always inhibitory.


Premise: At what street address is the Lord Mayor's residence located?

Hypothesis: The Lord Mayor's official residence is 3 Elliot Terrace, located on the Hoe.


Premise: What did Enele Sopoaga think evacuation of the people should be?

Hypothesis: In 2013 Enele Sopoaga, the prime minister of Tuvalu, said that relocating Tuvaluans to avoid the impact of sea level rise "should never be an option because it is self defeating in itself.


Premise: Where was an indoor ceremony held since the outdoor relay was cancelled?

Hypothesis: The relay was initially supposed to carry the torch around Islamabad, but the entire relay was cancelled due to security concerns regarding "militant threats or anti-China protests", and replaced by an indoors ceremony with the torch carried around the track of Jinnah Stadium.


Premise: How did the Endangered Species Act impact wildlife commerce?

Hypothesis: It authorized the Secretary of the Interior to list endangered domestic fish and wildlife and allowed the United States Fish and Wildlife Service to spend up to $15 million per year to buy habitats for listed species.


Premise: What area is covered by the Lord-Lieutenant?

Hypothesis: It did not cover the western part of Todmorden, where the ancient border between Lancashire and Yorkshire passes through the middle of the town.


Premise: What do some say is Buddha's real name?

Hypothesis: [but] we can be reasonably confident Siddhatta Gotama did indeed exist and that his disciples preserved the memory of his life and teachings as well as they could."[dubious – discuss]


Premise: What day was he buried?

Hypothesis: He was buried on 6 June in the Vatican grottos.


Premise: Who won a Senate majority in 1954?

Hypothesis: The Democrats gained a majority in both houses in the 1954 election.


Premise: In what year was Sir Henry Irving cremated?

Hypothesis: The majority of interments at the Abbey are of cremated remains, but some burials still take place - Frances Challen, wife of the Rev Sebastian Charles, Canon of Westminster, was buried alongside her husband in the south choir aisle in 2014.


Premise: What label became Detroit's most famous?

Hypothesis: Other, prominent Motor City R&B stars in the 1950s and early 1960s was Nolan Strong, Andre Williams and Nathaniel Mayer – who all scored local and national hits on the Fortune Records label.


Premise: What was reportedly the high value of of loot that the Ganj-i-Sawai had?

Hypothesis: The loot from the Ganj-i-Sawai had a total value between £325,000 and £600,000, including 500,000 gold and silver pieces, and has become known as the richest ship ever taken by pirates.


Premise: What type of etching might you see on a direction indicator?

Hypothesis: Sometimes directions must be inferred by the position of the indicators relative to one another.


Premise: What did Greece do in 1826, 1843, 1860 and 1894?

Hypothesis: Industrial activity, (including heavy industry like shipbuilding) was evident, mainly in Ermoupolis and Piraeus.


Premise: If a Jewish person owns a dog, he must do what to do the dog before he does it to himself?

Hypothesis: Jewish law requires Jews to feed dogs (and other animals that they own) before themselves, and make arrangements for feeding them before obtaining them.


Premise: What did Cyril and Mehodius come up with to help with the issue of the Slaves not having a written language?

Hypothesis: The Slavs had no written language, so the brothers devised the Glagolitic alphabet, later developed into Cyrillic, and standardized the language of the Slavs, later known as Old Church Slavonic.


Premise: What does George W. Gill think about the veracity of the idea that race is only skin deep?

Hypothesis: Forensic physical anthropologist and professor George W. Gill has said that the idea that race is only skin deep "is simply not true, as any experienced forensic anthropologist will affirm" and "Many morphological features tend to follow geographic boundaries coinciding often with climatic zones.


Premise: What fungus is known to cause uranium content in its symbiotic plant roots to increase?

Hypothesis: Some organisms, such as the lichen Trapelia involuta or microorganisms such as the bacterium Citrobacter, can absorb concentrations of uranium that are up to 300 times the level of their environment.


Premise: What material is the SNES case made of?

Hypothesis: The ABS plastic used in the casing of some older SNES and Super Famicom consoles is particularly susceptible to oxidization on exposure to air, likely due to an incorrect mixture of the stabilizing or flame retarding additives.


Premise: What country do the Appalachian mountains extend into?

Hypothesis: The range is mostly located in the United States but extends into southeastern Canada, forming a zone from 100 to 300 mi (160 to 480 km) wide, running from the island of Newfoundland 1,500 mi (2,400 km) southwestward to Central Alabama in the United States.[discuss]


Premise: How old was Popper when he died?

Hypothesis: He had been working continuously on his philosophy until two weeks before, when he suddenly fell terminally ill.


Premise: What year did Elizabeth I grant the charter to Raleigh to travel to North Carolina?

Hypothesis: In 1584, Elizabeth I granted a charter to Sir Walter Raleigh, for whom the state capital is named, for land in present-day North Carolina (then part of the territory of Virginia).


Premise: What painter was an early champion of oil as a medium in painting?

Hypothesis: The two cultures influenced each other and learned from each other, but painting in the Netherlands remained more focused on textures and surfaces than the idealized compositions of Italy.


Premise: What term refers to extensive genetic engineering of an organism?

Hypothesis: The related term synthetic biology is sometimes used to refer to extensive genetic engineering of an organism.


Premise: Who sat on a lower platform than the Tibetan cleric?

Hypothesis: Rossabi and others describe a similar arrangement made by Kublai Khan and the Sakya Phagpa lama, writing that Kublai would "sit on a lower platform than the Tibetan cleric" when receiving religious instructions from him.


Premise: What is the traditional use of the falekaupule?

Hypothesis: Falekaupule is also used as the name of the council of elders – the traditional decision making body on each island.


Premise: What event produced an expansion of the British cotton industry?

Hypothesis: From the late 18th century on, the British city of Manchester acquired the nickname "Cottonopolis" due to the cotton industry's omnipresence within the city, and Manchester's role as the heart of the global cotton trade.


Premise: What type of map originated in China?

Hypothesis: Among the technological accomplishments of China were, according to the British scholar Needham, early seismological detectors (Zhang Heng in the 2nd century), the water-powered celestial globe (Zhang Heng), matches, the independent invention of the decimal system, dry docks, sliding calipers, the double-action piston pump, cast iron, the blast furnace, the iron plough, the multi-tube seed drill, the wheelbarrow, the suspension bridge, the winnowing machine, the rotary fan, the parachute, natural gas as fuel, the raised-relief map, the propeller, the crossbow, and a solid fuel rocket, the multistage rocket, the horse collar, along with contributions in logic, astronomy, medicine, and other fields.


Premise: What can wrestlers do when a ref is out?

Hypothesis: While the referee remains "unconscious", wrestlers are free to violate rules until the referee is revived or replaced.


Premise: The act of predation typically results in what for the prey?

Hypothesis: It can at times be difficult to separate the two feeding behaviours, for example, where parasitic species prey on a host organism and then lay their eggs on it for their offspring to feed on its decaying corpse.


Premise: Tengen reverse engineered the lockout chip to develop what animal monikered prototype?

Hypothesis: Nintendo sued Tengen for copyright infringement, which Tengen lost as it could not prove that the legally obtained patent documents had not been used by the reverse engineering team.


Premise: When is the rainy season in Guinea-Bissau?

Hypothesis: Guinea-Bissau is warm all year around


Premise: Along with MV Bretagne and MV Pont-Aven, what ferry operates between Plymouth and the continent?

Hypothesis: There is also a pedestrian ferry from the Mayflower Steps to Mount Batten, and an alternative to using the Tamar Bridge via the Torpoint Ferry (vehicle and pedestrian) across the River Tamar.


Premise: When was Neptune first observed?

Hypothesis: Its largest moon, Triton, was discovered shortly thereafter, though none of the planet's remaining known 14 moons were located telescopically until the 20th century.


Premise: What contributed to Otto Selz's cessation of work in 1933?

Hypothesis: Selz never published his ideas, partly because of the rise of Nazism, which forced him to quit his work in 1933, and the prohibition of referring to Selz' work.


Premise: Why do food chains start with plants?

Hypothesis: Virtually all staple foods come either directly from primary production by plants, or indirectly from animals that eat them.


Premise: What is one of the key service industries of New Delhi?

Hypothesis: Key service industries include information technology, telecommunications, hotels, banking, media and tourism.


Premise: When were several new villages built in France almost exclusively for skiing?

Hypothesis: During the post-World War I period ski-lifts were built in Swiss and Austrian towns to accommodate winter visitors, but summer tourism continued to be important; by the mid-20th century the popularity of downhill skiing increased greatly as it became more accessible and in the 1970s several new villages were built in France devoted almost exclusively to skiing, such as Les Menuires.


Premise: Most town people lived in what type of houses?

Hypothesis: In towns even most better-off people lived in terraced houses, which typically opened straight onto the street, often with a few steps up to the door.


Premise: In what year was The Invisible Man made?

Hypothesis: Laemmle, Jr. created a niche for the studio, beginning a series of horror films which extended into the 1940s, affectionately dubbed Universal Horror.


Premise: In what decade did colleges of technology gain the University designation?

Hypothesis: They became universities in the 1960s meaning they could award their own degrees.


Premise: What does the ASPCA recommend for dogs who are not used for breeding purposes?

Hypothesis: Neutering refers to the sterilization of animals, usually by removal of the male's testicles or the female's ovaries and uterus, in order to eliminate the ability to procreate and reduce sex drive.


Premise: In 2006, who reported that there were over half a million internet users within the territory?

Hypothesis: The Somali Telecommunication Association (STA), a watchdog organization that oversees the policy development and regulatory framework of Somalia's ICT sector, reported in 2006 that there were over half a million users of internet services within the territory.


Premise: What is a result of changes in DNA markers within a plant species?

Hypothesis: Epigenetics is the study of mitotically and/or meiotically heritable changes in gene function that cannot be explained by changes in the underlying DNA sequence but cause the organism's genes to behave (or "express themselves") differently.


Premise: What is the Islamic name for God?

Hypothesis: In the Hebrew Bible and Judaism, "He Who Is", "I Am that I Am", and the tetragrammaton YHWH are used as names of God, while Yahweh and Jehovah are sometimes used in Christianity as vocalizations of YHWH.


Premise: What method did Plato use to understand political systems?

Hypothesis: Similarly, Aristotle built upon Plato's analysis to include historical empirical evidence in his analysis.


Premise: The Mahayana teachings were first propagated into China by who?

Hypothesis: These Mahāyāna teachings were first propagated into China by Lokakṣema, the first translator of Mahāyāna sūtras into Chinese during the 2nd century CE.[note


Premise: In about 260 AD, what forced the people of Roman towns to find shelter in Roman fortresses?

Hypothesis: Repeated raids by the Alamanni tribes provoked the ruin of the Roman towns and economy, forcing the population to find shelter near Roman fortresses, like the Castrum Rauracense near Augusta Raurica.


Premise: What was the name of AT&T's videophone device?

Hypothesis: The use of sign language via videotelephony was hampered for many years due to the difficulty of its use over slow analogue copper phone lines, coupled with the high cost of better quality ISDN (data) phone lines.


Premise: What did Frédéric label the place in which he placed Maria and her mother's letters about the unlikely marriage?

Hypothesis: Chopin finally placed the letters from Maria and her mother in a package on which he wrote, in Polish, "My tragedy".


Premise: What 3 medical associations supported the bills?

Hypothesis: Moreover, several organizations (e.g., The American Society for Microbiology (ASM), American Public Health Association (APHA) and the American Medical Association (AMA)) have called for restrictions on antibiotic use in food animal production and an end to all nontherapeutic uses.[citation needed]


Premise: The Antikythera mechanism was thought to be the first computer according to whom?

Hypothesis: Devices of a level of complexity comparable to that of the Antikythera mechanism would not reappear until a thousand years later.


Premise: Duties from customs represent what amount of Swaziland government revenue?

Hypothesis: Customs duties from the Southern African Customs Union, which may equal as much as 70% of government revenue this year, and worker remittances from South Africa substantially supplement domestically earned income.


Premise: What political party was Morse in?

Hypothesis: After Republican Congressman F. Bradford Morse of the neighbouring 5th district announced his retirement and then resignation to become Under-Secretary-General for Political and General Assembly Affairs at the United Nations.


Premise: What medal did the first torchbearer have from prior games?

Hypothesis: The People's Republic of China called this a "disgraceful" attempt to sabotage the Olympics.


Premise: Who were the Seven Nations of Canada?

Hypothesis: These were Native Americans of the Laurentian valley—the Algonquin, the Abenaki, the Huron, and others.


Premise: Who was providing supplies to the Vietnamese communists fighting against France?

Hypothesis: Early in 1953, the French asked Eisenhower for help in French Indochina against the Communists, supplied from China, who were fighting the First Indochina War.


Premise: Who says the that whether there is or isn't a God are just like questions in natural science?

Hypothesis: Stephen Hawking and co-author Leonard Mlodinow state in their book, The Grand Design, that it is reasonable to ask who or what created the universe, but if the answer is God, then the question has merely been deflected to that of who created God.


Premise: What was different between the polish nobility and others?

Hypothesis: The most important difference was that, while in most European countries the nobility lost power as the ruler strove for absolute monarchy, in Poland the reverse process occurred: the nobility actually gained power at the expense of the king, and the political system evolved into an oligarchy.


Premise: How old was the Football League when the break-up happened?

Hypothesis: This meant a break-up of the 104-year-old Football League that had operated until then with four divisions; the Premier League would operate with a single division and the Football League with three.


Premise: In what year were Han forces defeated in Baideng?

Hypothesis: After negotiations, the heqin agreement in 198 BC nominally held the leaders of the Xiongnu and the Han as equal partners in a royal marriage alliance, but the Han were forced to send large amounts of tribute items such as silk clothes, food, and wine to the Xiongnu.


Premise: How many square feet is 2.5 square meters?

Hypothesis: The loss of natural habitat potential from the 6-pack of micro-brew beer is estimated to be 2.5 square meters (26 square feet).


Premise: Where do many rodents live?

Hypothesis: They hibernate in large groups to provide warmth, and can be found in all areas of the Alps, in large colonies they build beneath the alpine pastures.


Premise: Through what time period did The European renaissance last?

Hypothesis: The term "modern" was coined in the 16th century to indicate present or recent times (ultimately derived from the Latin adverb modo, meaning "just now).


Premise: What was less standardized during the Baroque era?

Hypothesis: One major difference between Baroque music and the classical era that followed it is that the types of instruments used in ensembles were much less standardized.


Premise: The Sherman Antitrust Act is the source of what?

Hypothesis: But the courts did protect the marketplace, declaring the Standard Oil group to be an "unreasonable" monopoly under the Sherman Antitrust Act in 1911.


Premise: About how many millions of people lived in Europe in the year 1000?

Hypothesis: The estimated population of Europe grew from 35 to 80 million between 1000 and 1347, although the exact causes remain unclear: improved agricultural techniques, the decline of slaveholding, a more clement climate and the lack of invasion have all been suggested.


Premise: What was the Kensington System?

Hypothesis: The Duchess avoided the court because she was scandalised by the presence of King William's bastard children, and perhaps prompted the emergence of Victorian morality by insisting that her daughter avoid any appearance of sexual impropriety.


Premise: When was Two Stars for Peace published?

Hypothesis: An example of this concept can be found in 2003 when Martine Rothblatt published a book called Two Stars for Peace that argued for the addition of Israel and the Palestinian territories surrounding it as the 51st state in the Union.


Premise: How many people were listed as missing?

Hypothesis: According to Chinese state officials, the quake caused 69,180 known deaths including 68,636 in Sichuan province; 18,498 people are listed as missing, and 374,176 injured, but these figures may further increase as more reports come in.[dated info]


Premise: After a hiatus, in what year did the AFL begin operations again?

Hypothesis: All AFL games not on the NFL Network could be seen for free online, provided by Ustream.


Premise: When was the Pyrenees Cup play begun?

Hypothesis: The latter became the club's first full-time coach in 1917.


Premise: From what city did Voice of the Arabs broadcast?

Hypothesis: Growing up, Gaddafi witnessed significant events rock the Arab world, including the 1948 Arab–Israeli War, the Egyptian Revolution of 1952, the Suez Crisis of 1956, and the short-lived existence of the United Arab Republic between 1958 and 1961.


Premise: On how many sides of the Lightning connector are the pins located?

Hypothesis: Apple introduced a new 8-pin dock connector, named Lightning, on September 12, 2012 with their announcement of the iPhone 5, the fifth generation iPod Touch, and the seventh generation iPod Nano, which all feature it.


Premise: Which characters on The Rocky and Bullwinkle Show used a device that allowed them to travel through time?

Hypothesis: The name Wayback Machine was chosen as a droll reference to a plot device in an animated cartoon series, The Rocky and Bullwinkle Show.


Premise: What were the hallmarks of free citizens?

Hypothesis: The community looked at how people performed, whether they served in the militia and voted, which were the responsibilities and signs of free citizens.


Premise: Which natural disaster occurred on October 29, 2012 in NYC?

Hypothesis: Hurricanes and tropical storms are rare in the New York area, but are not unheard of and always have the potential to strike the area.


Premise: Between what time period did the reannexation of Germany occur?

Hypothesis: Following the Second World War, the 1927 regulation was not reinstated and the teaching of German in primary schools was suspended by a provisional rectorial decree, which was supposed to enable French to regain lost ground.


Premise: What is the most commonly abused substance during adolescent years in the U.S.?

Hypothesis: Aside from alcohol, marijuana is the most commonly indulged drug habit during adolescent years.


Premise: What percentage of Bostons public students are African American?

Hypothesis: The system's students are 40% Hispanic or Latino, 35% Black or African American, 13% White, and 9% Asian.


Premise: What talk show did the doctor who performed Donda West's plastic surgery appear on?

Hypothesis: The final coroner's report January 10, 2008, concluded that Donda West died of "coronary artery disease and multiple post-operative factors due to or as a consequence of liposuction and mammoplasty".


Premise: The rise of empiricism caused a division between which two subjects?

Hypothesis: The tree reflected the marked division between the arts and sciences, which was largely a result of the rise of empiricism.


Premise: What year did Queen Victoria die?

Hypothesis: In 1897, Victoria had written instructions for her funeral, which was to be military as befitting a soldier's daughter and the head of the army, and white instead of black.


Premise: When was the idea of the Lodges for Adoption abandoned?

Hypothesis: The French officially abandoned the experiment in the early 19th century.


Premise: How much of the Bronx's population is black (including Hispanic)?

Hypothesis: Blacks of both Hispanic and non-Hispanic origin represented over one-third (35.4%) of the Bronx's population.


Premise: What was rarely used?

Hypothesis: Also, the tradition of differentiating between the coat of arms proper and a lozenge granted to women did not develop in Poland.


Premise: Who provides programs to students with special needs?

Hypothesis: The Education and Employment Directorate also offers programmes for students with special needs, vocational training, adult education, evening classes, and distance learning.


Premise: How many former consuls in Rome were executed as a result of a conspiracy?

Hypothesis: After assassinating the consuls and most of the senators, Catiline would be free to enact his reforms.


Premise: When did Comcast hope to complete its deal for Time Warner?

Hypothesis: Time Warner Cable and Comcast aimed to merge into one company by the end of 2014 and both have praised the deal, emphasizing the increased capabilities of a combined telecommunications network, and to "create operating efficiencies and economies of scale".


Premise: What was William Shakespeare's father's first name?

Hypothesis: The legislation stated "Whosoever shall brew ale in the town with intention of selling it must hang out a sign, otherwise he shall forfeit his ale.


Premise: Between which north latitudes are glaciers not found?

Hypothesis: Between 19˚N and 19˚S, however, precipitation is higher and the mountains above 5,000 m (16,400 ft) usually have permanent snow.


Premise: Besides ITT Corporation, which two companies tried to emulate GE, but failed by the mid-1980's?

Hypothesis: Since over half of GE's revenue is derived from financial services, it is arguably a financial company with a manufacturing arm.


Premise: What family purchased the Detroit opera House?

Hypothesis: Major theaters in Detroit include the Fox Theatre (5,174 seats), Music Hall (1,770 seats), the Gem Theatre (451 seats), Masonic Temple Theatre (4,404 seats), the Detroit Opera House (2,765 seats), the Fisher Theatre (2,089 seats), The Fillmore Detroit (2,200 seats), Saint Andrew's Hall, the Majestic Theater, and Orchestra Hall (2,286 seats) which hosts the renowned Detroit Symphony Orchestra.


Premise: What do some Belgian cities hold during Lent?

Hypothesis: Some Belgian cities hold Carnivals during Lent.


Premise: Who was outside at 10 Downing Street to welcome the torch without actually touching it?

Hypothesis: Amid pressure from both directions, Prime Minister Gordon Brown welcomed the torch outside 10 Downing Street without holding or touching it.


Premise: What did the Gupta Empires trade ties influence?

Hypothesis: The Gupta period marked a watershed of Indian culture: the Guptas performed Vedic sacrifices to legitimize their rule, but they also patronized Buddhism, which continued to provide an alternative to Brahmanical orthodoxy.


Premise: Who administered the minority groups?

Hypothesis: As the empire expanded, it took over administrative responsibility of all minority ethnic groups living in and around the empire, including early contacts with Russia — then seen as a tribute nation.


Premise: In January 2010, what markets did Mark Zandi testify about that remain impaired and investors anticipate more loan losses?

Hypothesis: Economist Mark Zandi testified to the Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission in January 2010: "The securitization markets also remain impaired, as investors anticipate more loan losses.


Premise: To the Romans who was the most powerful of the gods?

Hypothesis: Jupiter, the most powerful of all gods and "the fount of the auspices upon which the relationship of the city with the gods rested", consistently personified the divine authority of Rome's highest offices, internal organization and external relations.


Premise: What is Franz Oberhauser's other name?

Hypothesis: It was later revealed with the film's release that he is Ernst Stavro Blofeld.


Premise: Where was wrestling later showcased in North America?

Hypothesis: While it has greatly declined in Europe, in North America it has experienced several different periods of prominent cultural popularity during its century and a half of existence.


Premise: What year did the memorial first opened?

Hypothesis: Every year on April 19, survivors, families and friends return to the memorial to read the names of each person lost.


Premise: What percentage of New Haven's population is comprised by individuals identifying as African American?

Hypothesis: The city's demography is shifting rapidly: New Haven has always been a city of immigrants and currently the Latino population is growing rapidly.


Premise: What is the term for teaching by only scripture?

Hypothesis: The use of the phrases as summaries of teaching emerged over time during the Reformation, based on the overarching principle of sola scriptura (by scripture alone).


Premise: What did Beyoncé win in 2001, making her the first black woman to do so?

Hypothesis: In 2001, she became the first African-American woman and second woman songwriter to win the Pop Songwriter of the Year award at the American Society of Composers, Authors, and Publishers Pop Music Awards.


Premise: What did Nachmanides write?

Hypothesis: He wrote "If the gentiles wish to make peace, we shall make peace and leave them on clear terms; but as for the land, we shall not leave it in their hands, nor in the hands of any nation, not in any generation."


Premise: When did Valencia surrender?

Hypothesis: James I granted the city new charters of law, the Furs of Valencia, which later were extended to the whole kingdom of Valencia.


Premise: When did the Olympic torch visit Jakarta?

Hypothesis: The original 20 km relay through Jakarta was cancelled due to "security worries", at the request of the Chinese embassy, and the torch was instead carried round the city main's stadium, as it had been in Islamabad.


Premise: Besides conservation, what is the Environmental Protocol's goal to manage?

Hypothesis: A major concern within this committee is the risk to Antarctica from unintentional introduction of non-native species from outside the region.


Premise: How long does sensory  memory to to store information?

Hypothesis: The ability to look at an item and remember what it looked like with just a split second of observation, or memorization, is the example of sensory memory.


Premise: What allows a person to direct their browser to a resource?

Hypothesis: A web browser (commonly referred to as a browser) is a software application for retrieving, presenting, and traversing information resources on the World Wide Web.


Premise: Voter demographics of florida in the 1950's

Hypothesis: The following year, Congress passed and President Lyndon B. Johnson signed the Voting Rights Act of 1965, providing for oversight of state practices and enforcement of constitutional voting rights for African Americans and other minorities in order to prevent the discrimination and disenfranchisement that had excluded most of them for decades from the political process.


Premise: How poor is part of the Bronx?

Hypothesis: The Bronx, particularly the South Bronx, saw a sharp decline in population, livable housing, and the quality of life in the late 1960s and the 1970s, culminating in a wave of arson.


Premise: Israel views East Jerusalem as what?

Hypothesis: Most negotiations relating to the territories have been on the basis of United Nations Security Council Resolution 242, which emphasises "the inadmissibility of the acquisition of territory by war", and calls on Israel to withdraw from occupied territories in return for normalization of relations with Arab states, a principle known as "Land for peace".


Premise: What is the system called that can store solar energy in the form of heat?

Hypothesis: Thermal storage systems generally use readily available materials with high specific heat capacities such as water, earth and stone.


Premise: How many planes did Japan lose?

Hypothesis: Mitscher decided this chance to destroy the Japanese fleet was worth the risk of aircraft losses due to running out of fuel on the return flight.


Premise: From which company did the Alstom board reject a rival acquisition proposal?

Hypothesis: In April 2014, it was announced that GE was in talks to acquire the global power division of French engineering group Alstom for a figure of around $13 billion.


Premise: Why was Brooke being investigated?

Hypothesis: The inquiry ended with no charges being brought after investigators and prosecutors determined that Brooke's misstatements were pertinent to the case, but were not material enough to have affected the outcome.


Premise: How many battleships did the U.S.-Australian 7th Fleet have?

Hypothesis: R. Adm. Jesse Oldendorf had six battleships, four heavy cruisers, four light cruisers, 29 destroyers and 39 PT boats.


Premise: What was the guiding ideal of translators throughout the 18th century?

Hypothesis: They cheerfully assumed that their own style of expression was the best, and that texts should be made to conform to it in translation.


Premise: The large skilled English-speaking workforce of New Delhi has been able to attract what type of organizations to the city?

Hypothesis: Connaught Place, one of North India's largest commercial and financial centres, is located in the northern part of New Delhi.


Premise: Bain Capital is a holding company of which company?

Hypothesis: The acquisition does not include The Weather Channel itself, which will enter into a long-term licensing agreement with IBM for use of its data.


Premise: Who developed a far east trade and began to frequent the island?

Hypothesis: Further visits by other English explorers followed, and, once Saint Helena’s location was more widely known, English ships of war began to lie in wait in the area to attack Portuguese India carracks on their way home.


Premise: Why did Cubans come to the United States?

Hypothesis: Immigration to the United States of Spanish-speaking Cubans began because of Cuba's political instability upon achieving independence.


Premise: The border territories assigned to the United Provinces were known as what?

Hypothesis: After the Peace of Westphalia, several border territories were assigned to the United Provinces.


Premise: Reviewer R. A. Dave classified the novel how?

Hypothesis: In exploring how each character deals with his or her own personal defeat, Lee builds a framework to judge whether the characters are heroes or fools.


Premise: Barts and the London School of Dentistry if part of which university in the University of London Network?

Hypothesis: London is home to five major medical schools – Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry (part of Queen Mary), King's College London School of Medicine (the largest medical school in Europe), Imperial College School of Medicine, UCL Medical School and St George's, University of London – and has a large number of affiliated teaching hospitals.


Premise: What did Nasser do in his spare time?

Hypothesis: Nasser spent most of his spare time reading, particularly in 1933 when he lived near the National Library of Egypt.


Premise: What city saw the largest growth?

Hypothesis: During the first decade of the new century, growth was mainly concentrated in Montana's seven largest counties, with the highest percentage growth in Gallatin County, which saw a 32 percent increase in its population from 2000-2010.


Premise: The polarization of what antenna is essential specification?

Hypothesis: The polarization of a commercial antenna is an essential specification.


Premise: In what year did the risk of dying from TB reach half what it was in 1995?

Hypothesis: The chance of death from a case of tuberculosis is about 4% as of 2008, down from 8% in 1995.


Premise: What can be a intrinsic component of landscaping?

Hypothesis: Indoor lighting is usually accomplished using light fixtures, and is a key part of interior design.


Premise: What happens to the right channel in a player that doesn't recognize AC-3?

Hypothesis: Such a player will happily play the analog audio tracks verbatim, resulting in garbage (static) output in the right channel.


Premise: What is Washington University's closed circuit television network?

Hypothesis: Washington University supports four major student-run media outlets.


Premise: What actor portrays Mr. Hinx in Spectre?

Hypothesis: Several recurring James Bond characters, including M, Q and Eve Moneypenny return, with the new additions of Léa Seydoux as Dr. Madeleine Swann, Dave Bautista as Mr. Hinx, Andrew Scott as Max Denbigh and Monica Bellucci as Lucia Sciarra.


Premise: When was the abbey's annual income £2400–2800?

Hypothesis: (£1,310,000 to £1,530,000 as of 2016), during the assessment attendant on the Dissolution of the Monasteries rendered it second in wealth only to Glastonbury Abbey.


Premise: Dennis Ferrer produced what type of house fusion?

Hypothesis: This fusion is apparent in the crossover of musical styles by artists such as Dennis Ferrer and Booka Shade, with the former's production style having evolved from the New York soulful house scene and the latter's roots in techno.


Premise: When was the first 'War of the Worlds' movie released?

Hypothesis: Unlike E.T. and Close Encounters of the Third Kind, which depicted friendly alien visitors, War of the Worlds featured violent invaders.


Premise: How old is the earliest annelid fossil?

Hypothesis: Fossils of most modern mobile polychaete groups appeared by the end of the Carboniferous, about 299 million years ago.


Premise: Who felt that humanism would surely be a major "religion" today?

Hypothesis: In 1765, the author of an anonymous article in a French Enlightenment periodical spoke of "The general love of humanity ... a virtue hitherto quite nameless among us, and which we will venture to call 'humanism', for the time has come to create a word for such a beautiful and necessary thing".


Premise: What Rights do the Declaration of Independence consider unalienable?

Hypothesis: These Lockean ideas were fundamental to the United States Declaration of Independence, which also deduced human rights from the biblical belief in creation: "We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty, and the pursuit of Happiness."


Premise: How many buses does the region have for public transit?

Hypothesis: Metrobus has a total of 19 routes, 53 buses and an annual ridership of 3,014,073.


Premise: What affects overall health status?

Hypothesis: Nutritional anthropology is a synthetic concept that deals with the interplay between economic systems, nutritional status and food security, and how changes in the former affect the latter.


Premise: In what year did My Man Godfrey premiere?

Hypothesis: Laemmle, Jr. created a niche for the studio, beginning a series of horror films which extended into the 1940s, affectionately dubbed Universal Horror.


Premise: What are the main types of public transportation?

Hypothesis: The city also boasts an efficient network of public transportation, which mainly consists of bus, taxi and metro systems.


Premise: What is the largest percentage of  the Burmese populace ?

Hypothesis: The Rakhine people constitute 4% of the population.


Premise: What was the Dashnaks objective?

Hypothesis: The Dashnaks also worked for the wider goal of creating a "free, independent and unified" Armenia, although they sometimes set aside this goal in favor of a more realistic approach, such as advocating autonomy.


Premise: Along with R&B, gospel and dance music, what type of music is represented on urban adult contemporary stations?

Hypothesis: In response to the pressure on Hot AC, a new kind of AC format cropped up among American radio recently.


Premise: Why did Feynman give up alcohol?

Hypothesis: Somewhat embarrassed by his actions, he largely sidestepped the issue when dictating his anecdotes; he mentions it in passing in the "O Americano, Outra Vez" section, while the "Altered States" chapter in Surely You're Joking, Mr. Feynman! describes only marijuana and ketamine experiences at John Lilly's famed sensory deprivation tanks, as a way of studying consciousness.


Premise: When did local high speed rail service that linked London and Kent begin?

Hypothesis: There are plans for a second high speed line linking London to the Midlands, North West England, and Yorkshire.


Premise: Why did the emperor pay a small fortune in gifts?

Hypothesis: However, Van Praag states that Tibetan rulers upheld their own separate relations with the kingdoms of Nepal and Kashmir, and at times "engaged in armed confrontation with them."


Premise: What were the King's South African bodyguards referred as?

Hypothesis: The Prime Minister of the Union of South Africa, Jan Smuts, was facing an election and hoped to make political capital out of the visit.


Premise: What religious text helps reinforce to Muslims that Christianity is more like polytheism?

Hypothesis: God is described in the Quran as


Premise: Which organization filed an accessibility lawsuit?

Hypothesis: As a result of a 2008 decision in an accessibility lawsuit filed by the American Council of the Blind, the Bureau of Engraving and Printing is planning to implement a raised tactile feature in the next redesign of each note, except the $1 and the version of the $100 bill already in process.


Premise: What is one way the city tried to combat crime?

Hypothesis: Some of the policies enacted included the installation of 11,000 security cameras around the city and a very large expansion of the police force.


Premise: Which technique was once used to boot an alternate operating system than Mac OS?

Hypothesis: Originally, the hardware architecture was so closely tied to the Mac OS operating system that it was impossible to boot an alternative operating system.


Premise: What is the name of the sudoku game in The Times?

Hypothesis: The back pages are devoted to puzzles and contain sudoku, "Killer Sudoku", "KenKen", word polygon puzzles, and a crossword simpler and more concise than the main "Times Crossword".


Premise: What is produced by a vacuum and used in electron beam welding and vacuum frying?

Hypothesis: The electrical properties of vacuum make electron microscopes and vacuum tubes possible, including cathode ray tubes.


Premise: Chopin often taught his piano technique using what form of music he wrote?

Hypothesis: Chopin's études are largely in straightforward ternary form.


Premise: What was a motion that was enacted by the senate called?

Hypothesis: Though it technically had no official role in the management of military conflict, the senate ultimately was the force that oversaw such affairs.


Premise: What state did the Saturn V rocket launch from?

Hypothesis: They trained for the mission until just before the actual launch day.


Premise: What year did King Charles II grant a charter to North America?

Hypothesis: He named it Carolina in honor of his father Charles I. By 1665, a second charter was issued to attempt to resolve territorial questions.


Premise: What were people protesting in Kiev during the last part of February?

Hypothesis: On February 26, 1989, between 20,000 and 30,000 people participated in an unsanctioned ecumenical memorial service in Lviv, marking the anniversary of the death of 19th Century Ukrainian artist and nationalist Taras Shevchenko.


Premise: How many science disciplines were taught at madaris in the Ottoman Empire?

Hypothesis: For example, in the Ottoman Empire, "Madrasahs had seven categories of sciences that were taught, such as: styles of writing, oral sciences like the Arabic language, grammar, rhetoric, and history and intellectual sciences, such as logic.


Premise: Besides behavior and reactions what else could have been used in the KInsey scale?

Hypothesis: It would have been quite simple for Kinsey to have measured the two dimensions separately and report scores independently to avoid loss of information.


Premise: What happens after a bill is delivered to the OFR?

Hypothesis: The Statutes at Large present a chronological arrangement of the laws in the exact order that they have been enacted.


Premise: What did Isaac Asimov consider heresy as?

Hypothesis: Scientist/author Isaac Asimov considered heresy as an abstraction, Asimov's views are in Forward:


Premise: What is added for sizing purposes?

Hypothesis: Besides the fibres, pulps may contain fillers such as chalk or china clay, which improve its characteristics for printing or writing.


Premise: Who is the present mayor of Seattle?

Hypothesis: Ed Murray is currently serving as mayor.


Premise: What instrument did Chopin play at  Adolphe Nourrit's funeral?

Hypothesis: At the funeral of the tenor Adolphe Nourrit in Paris in 1839, Chopin made a rare appearance at the organ, playing a transcription of Franz Schubert's lied Die Gestirne.


Premise: How do fireworks create green sparks?

Hypothesis: To create green sparks, fireworks use barium salts, such as barium chlorate, barium nitrate crystals, or barium chloride, also used for green fireplace logs.


Premise: Genetic studies show that Jews bear their strongest resemblance to the peoples of where?

Hypothesis: Genetic studies on Jews show that most Jews worldwide bear a common genetic heritage which originates in the Middle East, and that they bear their strongest resemblance to the peoples of the Fertile Crescent.


Premise: How are the terminals of high voltage capacitors stored?

Hypothesis: High-voltage capacitors are stored with the terminals shorted, as protection from potentially dangerous voltages due to dielectric absorption or from transient voltages the capacitor may pick up from static charges or passing weather events.


Premise: Who was responsible for supply humanitarian aid to civilians?

Hypothesis: The 60th Indian Parachute Field Ambulance provided the medical cover for the operations, dropping an ADS and a surgical team and treating over 400 battle casualties apart from the civilian casualties that formed the core of their objective as the unit was on a humanitarian mission.


Premise: Who did the Spanish take from Florida to Cuba

Hypothesis: Almost the entire Spanish population left, taking along most of the remaining indigenous population to Cuba.


Premise: What feature helped flowers not get plucked?

Hypothesis: Some of them tended to grow with human crops, perhaps already having symbiotic companion plant relationships with them, and the prettiest did not get plucked because of their beauty, developing a dependence upon and special adaptation to human affection.


Premise: Which company is directly above Universal Studios?

Hypothesis: Its production studios are at 100 Universal City Plaza Drive in Universal City, California.


Premise: What is used to discern the change of intensity in light on a CD?

Hypothesis: The change in height between pits and lands results in a difference in the way the light is reflected.


Premise: Who died before the palace was completed?

Hypothesis: Buckingham Palace finally became the principal royal residence in 1837, on the accession of Queen Victoria, who was the first monarch to reside there; her predecessor William IV had died before its completion.


Premise: What process of papermaking is most heavily linked to the pollution?

Hypothesis: Over 90% of human exposure is through food, primarily meat, dairy, fish and shellfish, as dioxins accumulate in the food chain in the fatty tissue of animals.


Premise: Prior to what year was the Patterson-Schutte House built?

Hypothesis: Buildings remain from Richmond's colonial period, such as the Patteson-Schutte House and the Edgar Allan Poe Museum (Richmond, Virginia), both built before 1750.


Premise: What is the idea there the practitioner promises to work for the complete enlightenment of all beings by practicing the six paramitas?

Hypothesis: According to Mahayana teachings, these perfections are: dāna, śīla, kṣanti, vīrya, dhyāna, and prajñā.


Premise: What is the name of the airport serving Chattanooga, TN?

Hypothesis: Knoxville's McGhee Tyson Airport (TYS) and Chattanooga's Chattanooga Metropolitan Airport (CHA), as well as the Tri-Cities' Tri-Cities Regional Airport (TRI), provide air service to numerous destinations. I-24, I-81, I-40, I-75, and I-26 along with numerous state highways and other important roads, traverse the Grand Division and connect Chattanooga, Knoxville, and the Tri-Cities, along with other cities and towns such as Cleveland, Athens, and Sevierville.


Premise: On what date did the Iranian Navy capture a Marshall Islands ship?

Hypothesis: On 28 April 2015, the Iranian navy seized the Marshall Island-flagged MV Maersk Tigris near the Strait of Hormuz.


Premise: Where did the Qing find their officials?

Hypothesis: Like previous dynasties, the Qing recruited officials via the imperial examination system, until the system was abolished in 1905.


Premise: What change in flow of the sea controlled the innovative baths at West Quay?

Hypothesis: Innovative buildings specifically for this purpose were built at West Quay, with baths that were filled and emptied by the flow of the tide.


Premise: Do you have to go to the one year of kindergarten?

Hypothesis: This is followed by three years of obligatory lower secondary school where the pupils are separated according to ability and aptitude.


Premise: When did Bermudians serve in the British Armed forces?

Hypothesis: The Cenotaph in front of the Cabinet Building (in Hamilton) was erected in tribute to Bermuda's Great War dead (the tribute was later extended to Bermuda's Second World War dead) and is the site of the annual Remembrance Day commemoration.


Premise: Who is the core guide?

Hypothesis: Then it is the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE), for England and Wales, who decides if and how the National Health Service (NHS) will allow (in the sense of paying for) their use.


Premise: What does LV-ROM stand for?

Hypothesis: The player was referred as an LV-ROM (LaserVision Read Only Memory) as the discs contained the driving software as well as the video frames.


Premise: When did Beyoncé introduce Sasha Fierce?

Hypothesis: Sasha was conceived during the making of "Crazy in Love", and Beyoncé introduced her with the release of her 2008 album I Am...


Premise: When did the British establish colonies in Australia?

Hypothesis: The British established colonies in Australia in 1788, New Zealand in 1840 and Fiji in 1872, with much of Oceania becoming part of the British Empire.


Premise: In what form is 1/4 of zinc used in the US?

Hypothesis: Roughly one quarter of all zinc output in the United States (2009), is consumed in the form of zinc compounds; a variety of which are used industrially.


Premise: Which caretaker manager was later promoted to permanent manager at Tottenham Hotspur?

Hypothesis: Several caretaker managers have gone on to secure a permanent managerial post after performing well as a caretaker; examples include Paul Hart at Portsmouth and David Pleat at Tottenham Hotspur.


Premise: Where are most of the television stations transmitters located?

Hypothesis: The city is also home to PBS station WGBH-TV, a major producer of PBS programs, which also operates WGBX.


Premise: What do some fans like to do?

Hypothesis: Some fans enjoy a pastime of collecting tapes of wrestling shows from specific companies, of certain wrestlers, or of specific genres.


Premise: What did the Quebec Act of 1774 do about language?

Hypothesis: The British government was close to bankruptcy, and Britain now faced the delicate task of pacifying its new French-Canadian subjects as well as the many American Indian tribes who had supported France.


Premise: What ultimatum stated that Japan would face "prompt and utter destruction" if it did not surrender?

Hypothesis: On 26 July 1945, the President of the United States Harry S. Truman, the President of the Nationalist Government of China Chiang Kai-shek and the Prime Minister of Great Britain Winston Churchill issued the Potsdam Declaration, which outlined the terms of surrender for the Empire of Japan as agreed upon at the Potsdam Conference.


Premise: How many inventors came up with electric lamps before Thomas Edison?

Hypothesis: They conclude that Edison's version was able to outstrip the others because of a combination of three factors: an effective incandescent material, a higher vacuum than others were able to achieve (by use of the Sprengel pump) and a high resistance that made power distribution from a centralized source economically viable.


Premise: Highest bird diversity occurs in which regions?

Hypothesis: The highest bird diversity occurs in tropical regions.


Premise: What's the process in which knots are classified called?

Hypothesis: This firmness is affected by, among other factors, the length of time for which the branch was dead while the attaching stem continued to grow.


Premise: How many nations were against Iraq in the US-led coalition?

Hypothesis: The Persian Gulf War was a conflict between Iraq and a coalition force of 34 nations led by the United States.


Premise: For which artist did Kanye West act as a ghost producer?

Hypothesis: Because of his association with D-Dot, West wasn't able to release a solo album, so he formed and became a member and producer of the Go-Getters, a late-1990s Chicago rap group composed of him, GLC, Timmy G, Really Doe, and Arrowstar.


Premise: What did J.N. Sarkar say of Shivaji's nation building?

Hypothesis: Sir J.N. Sarkar described Shivaji as "the last great constructive genius and nation builder that the Hindu race has produced".


Premise: In what way did Whitehead view God as deficient?

Hypothesis: On the other hand, he sees God as permanent but as deficient in actuality and change: alone, God is merely eternally unrealized possibilities, and requires the world to actualize them.


Premise: How many days does the Carnival in Uruguay last for?

Hypothesis: The Carnival in Uruguay covers more than 40 days, generally beginning towards the end of January and running through mid March.


Premise: What is von Neumann algebra?

Hypothesis: Von Neumann introduced the study of rings of operators, through the von Neumann algebras.


Premise: When Russia attacked the Ottoman Empire who glimpsed an opportunity to advance North and South?

Hypothesis: Greece, an Orthodox nation, had considerable support in Russia, but the Russian government decided it was too dangerous to help Greece expand its holdings.:32–40


Premise: How many appreciation medals were minted?

Hypothesis: The Eisenhower appreciation medals are part of the Presidential Medal of Appreciation Award Medal Series.


Premise: What did Egyptian state media claim was the reason for Nasser's absence after his second heart attack?

Hypothesis: He was diagnosed with diabetes in the early 1960s and by the time of his death in 1970, he also had arteriosclerosis, heart disease, and high blood pressure.


Premise: What often has low latencies?

Hypothesis: In algorithms such as MP3, however, a large number of samples have to be analyzed to implement a psychoacoustic model in the frequency domain, and latency is on the order of 23 ms (46 ms for two-way communication)).


Premise: What did the Umayyads call the mangonel?

Hypothesis: The Diwan of Umar, assigning annuities to all Arabs and to the Muslim soldiers of other races, underwent a change in the hands of the Umayyads.


Premise: What season was Phil Cavarretta a key player for the Cubs?

Hypothesis: Longtime infielder/manager Phil Cavarretta, who had been a key player during the '45 season, was fired during spring training in 1954 after admitting the team was unlikely to finish above fifth place.


Premise: The Middle East, the Balkans and others are included in what republic?

Hypothesis: Its regions include the Middle East, the Balkans and others.


Premise: Napoleon's political power was secured by his victory at which 1800 battle?

Hypothesis: Another victory over the Austrians at the Battle of Marengo in 1800 secured his political power.


Premise: Why was there a low point for English football?

Hypothesis: The Football League First Division, which had been the top level of English football since 1888, was well behind leagues such as Italy's Serie A and Spain's La Liga in attendances and revenues, and several top English players had moved abroad.


Premise: What in the Chinese program caused trouble for UNFPA?

Hypothesis: From 2002 through 2008, the Bush Administration denied funding to UNFPA that had already been allocated by the US Congress, partly on the refuted claims that the UNFPA supported Chinese government programs which include forced abortions and coercive sterilizations.


Premise: What was took place in 1854-1856?

Hypothesis: The ensuing Crimean War (1854–56), which involved new techniques of modern warfare, and was the only global war fought between Britain and another imperial power during the Pax Britannica, was a resounding defeat for Russia.


Premise: The fuse length could be set using height reported by whom?

Hypothesis: The British dealt with range measurement first, when it was realised that range was the key to producing a better fuse setting.


Premise: At the Concordat of 1801, Napoleon restored the religious privileges of what entity?

Hypothesis: With the Concordat of 1801, Napoleon restored the religious privileges of the Catholic Church while keeping the lands seized by the Revolution.


Premise: Where are the villages of Wengen and Zermatt located?

Hypothesis: Other villages in the Alps are considering becoming car free zones or limiting the number of cars for reasons of sustainability of the fragile Alpine terrain.


Premise: what was Anthony Crosland's role in government?

Hypothesis: Students sat the 11+ examination in their last year of primary education and were sent to one of a secondary modern, secondary technical or grammar school depending on their perceived ability.


Premise: From April 1854 to February 1857, what port did the British and French lock down?

Hypothesis: When Russia attacked the Ottoman Empire in 1853, King Otto of Greece saw an opportunity to expand North and South into Ottoman areas that had large Greek Christian majorities.


Premise: The torchbearers included athletes, celebrities and who?

Hypothesis: No politicians from the pro-democracy camp were selected as torchbearers.


Premise: What was particularly challenging in the early years of HDTV?

Hypothesis: Japan remained the only country with successful public broadcasting of analog HDTV, with seven broadcasters sharing a single channel.


Premise: What is Tucson's CBS station?

Hypothesis: KUAT-TV 6 is a PBS affiliate run by the University of Arizona (as is sister station KUAS 27).


Premise: What is the Plover known locally as?

Hypothesis: It appears on the coat of arms of Saint Helena and on the flag.


Premise: Which American city did Mexico City defeat to host the 1968 olympics?

Hypothesis: The city hosted the 1955 and 1975 Pan American Games, the last after Santiago and São Paulo withdrew.


Premise: UNFPA is the largest worldwide funder of what type of programs?

Hypothesis: The Fund works with governments and non-governmental organizations in over 150 countries with the support of the international community, supporting programs that help women, men and young people:


Premise: What does B.I.C. stand for?

Hypothesis: On January 7, 2012, Beyoncé gave birth to a daughter, Blue Ivy Carter, at Lenox Hill Hospital in New York under heavy security.


Premise: Where are Zagorci located?

Hypothesis: Note: Besides ethnic groups, Slavs often identify themselves with the local geographical region in which they live.


Premise: According to democratic rules of the 106th congress what committee does minority leader chair?

Hypothesis: For example, under Democratic rules for the 106th Congress, the minority leader may call meetings of the Democratic Caucus.


Premise: What was the profession of the founders of Ann arbor?

Hypothesis: On 25 May 1824, the town plat was registered with Wayne County as "Annarbour;" this represents the earliest known use of the town's name.


Premise: How far is Raleigh from Richmond?

Hypothesis: The city is 155 miles (249 km) south of Richmond, Virginia, 263 miles (423 km) south of Washington, D.C., and 150 miles (240 km) northeast of Charlotte, North Carolina.


Premise: What is the sales tax on foodstuffs in Tennessee?

Hypothesis: The state's sales and use tax rate for most items is 7%.


Premise: Why did Deraismes resign from Freemasonry?

Hypothesis: Having failed to achieve acceptance from any masonic governing body, she and Georges Martin started a mixed masonic lodge that actually worked masonic ritual.


Premise: In which year did the Premier League decide to give BSkyB broadcasting rights?

Hypothesis: However, a combination of Sky's strategy, the quality of Premier League football and the public's appetite for the game has seen the value of the Premier League's TV rights soar.


Premise: Who was the Father of Prince Henry the Navigator?

Hypothesis: Prince Henry the Navigator, son of King João I, became the main sponsor and patron of this endeavour.


Premise: Who was the last Republican DA?

Hypothesis: The last Republican to hold the office is Ron Castille, who left in 1991 and is currently the Chief Justice of the Pennsylvania Supreme Court.


Premise: What did Burke think was missing from the French Revolutionary Government?

Hypothesis: In his Second Letter, Burke wrote of the French Revolutionary Government: "Individuality is left out of their scheme of government.


Premise: What type of Chinese texts mention circadian process in humans?

Hypothesis: The earliest recorded account of a circadian process dates from the 4th century B.C.E., when Androsthenes, a ship captain serving under Alexander the Great, described diurnal leaf movements of the tamarind tree.


Premise: What new subject surface at the end of the 18th century?

Hypothesis: Historical linguistics emerged as an independent field of study at the end of the 18th century.


Premise: Gleick told a story about a specific algorithim that Gell-Mann described to a student, what was this algorithim called?

Hypothesis: In a 1992 New York Times article on Feynman and his legacy, James Gleick recounts the story of how Murray Gell-Mann described what has become known as "The Feynman Algorithm" or "The Feynman Problem-Solving Algorithm" to a student: "The student asks Gell-Mann about Feynman's notes.


Premise: Where is Banco Republica based in?

Hypothesis: The largest bank in Uruguay is Banco Republica (BROU), based in Montevideo.


Premise: Who was the first undergraduate woman at Yale?

Hypothesis: Amy Solomon was the first woman to register as a Yale undergraduate; she was also the first woman at Yale to join an undergraduate society, St. Anthony Hall.


Premise: What are the 5 districts of Somerset

Hypothesis: The two unitary authorities — which were established on 1 April 1996 following the break-up of the short-lived county of Avon — are North Somerset, and Bath & North East Somerset.


Premise: Who offered Spielberg a contract at Universal Studios?

Hypothesis: While still a student, he was offered a small unpaid intern job at Universal Studios with the editing department.


Premise: Where does the name opisthokonts come from?

Hypothesis: The name comes from the posterior location of the flagellum in motile cells, such as most animal spermatozoa, whereas other eukaryotes tend to have anterior flagella.


Premise: When are Zintl considered alloys?

Hypothesis: Zintl phases are also sometimes considered alloys depending on bond types (see also:


Premise: How much was the selling price equivalent to in today's money?

Hypothesis: Instead, it contained a book called the Official Nintendo Player's Guide, which contained detailed information for every NES game made up to that point.


Premise: What organizations did the hearing about video game violence in 1993 lead to?

Hypothesis: Game players were not the only ones to notice the violence in this game; US Senators Herb Kohl and Joe Lieberman convened a Congressional hearing on December 9, 1993 to investigate the marketing of violent video games to children.[e]


Premise: What led to the decline of the Ottoman empire?

Hypothesis: I resulted in the emergence of a new state, Turkey, in the Ottoman Anatolian heartland following the Turkish War of Independence, as well as the founding of modern Balkan and Middle Eastern states and the partitioning of the Ottoman Empire.


Premise: What percentages of voters expressed unhappiness with the current political relationship between the U.S. and Puerto Rico?

Hypothesis: On December 11, 2012, Puerto Rico's legislature resolved to request that the President and the U.S. Congress act on the results, end the current form of territorial status and begin the process of admitting Puerto Rico to the Union as a state.


Premise: What organization owns Pier II in Piraeus?

Hypothesis: In the same year, 83.9 million people passed through Greece's ports, 12.7 million through the port of Paloukia in Salamis, another 12.7 through the port of Perama, 9.5 million through Piraeus and 2.7 million through Igoumenitsa.


Premise: What year did the OKL become aware that Britain would be a possible target?

Hypothesis: Although it had equipment capable of doing serious damage, the problem for the Luftwaffe was its unclear strategy and poor intelligence.


Premise: What are these properties?

Hypothesis: Hydrogen is commonly used in power stations as a coolant in generators due to a number of favorable properties that are a direct result of its light diatomic molecules.


Premise: Which person portrayed Knute Rockne in the 1940 movie "Knute Rockne?"

Hypothesis: It was in 1928 that famed coach Knute Rockne used his final conversation with the dying Gipp to inspire the Notre Dame team to beat the Army team and "win one for the Gipper."


Premise: How many phonemic tones do Hokkien dialects have?

Hypothesis: Many dialects have an additional phonemic tone ("tone 9" according to the traditional reckoning), used only in special or foreign loan words.


Premise: Which publication named Beyoncé the Artist of the Decade?

Hypothesis: When The Guardian named her Artist of the Decade, Llewyn-Smith wrote, "Why Beyoncé?


Premise: What was the name of Queen + Paul Rodgers debut album?

Hypothesis: The first Queen + Paul Rodgers album, titled The Cosmos Rocks, was released in Europe on 12 September 2008 and in the United States on 28 October 2008.


Premise: When did Japan surrender?

Hypothesis: On 10 August the "sacred decision" was made by Japanese Cabinet to accept the Potsdam terms on one condition: the "prerogative of His Majesty as a Sovereign Ruler".


Premise: When did the Median tribes unify under a single ruler to form the Median Empire?

Hypothesis: The unification of the Median tribes under a single ruler in 728 BC led to the foundation of the Median Empire which, by 612 BC, controlled the whole Iran and the eastern Anatolia.


Premise: What do Jehovah Witnesses describe anyone who formally resign from the church as?

Hypothesis: Members who disassociate (formally resign) are described in Watch Tower Society literature as wicked and are also shunned.


Premise: What country does the local industry that manufactures fibre get their flax from?

Hypothesis: During the Second World War, the United States built Wideawake airport on Ascension in 1942, but no military use was made of Saint Helena.


Premise: What London museum was named for an historic Queen of England and her Prince husband?

Hypothesis: The Tate Gallery, as it was formerly known, also became a major centre for modern art; in 2000 this collection moved to Tate Modern, a new gallery housed in the former Bankside Power Station.


Premise: How long does Aruba's biggest celebration last?

Hypothesis: Aruba's biggest celebration is a month-long affair consisting of festive "jump-ups" (street parades), spectacular parades and creative contests.


Premise: To what agreement has Tuvalu committed?

Hypothesis: Under the Majuro Declaration, which was signed on 5 September 2013, Tuvalu has commitment to implement power generation of 100% renewable energy (between 2013 and 2020), which is proposed to be implemented using Solar PV (95% of demand) and biodiesel (5% of demand).


Premise: Who sold off part of the Crown Freehold?

Hypothesis: Various owners leased it from royal landlords and the freehold was the subject of frenzied speculation during the 17th century.


Premise: The RAF bombed what Germany coast?

Hypothesis: Within hours of the UK and France declaring war on Germany on 3 September 1939, the RAF bombed German warships along the German coast at Wilhelmshaven.


Premise: Along with vias, what makes up the components of a board?

Hypothesis: As the reinforcement and copper confine the board along the plane, virtually all volume expansion projects to the thickness and stresses the plated-through holes.


Premise: In what year did Nintendo reveal the start of development on what would become Twilight Princess?

Hypothesis: In 2003, Nintendo announced that a new The Legend of Zelda game was in the works for the GameCube by the same team that had created the cel-shaded The Wind Waker.


Premise: Who was the leader of the 18th century Swazi kingdom?

Hypothesis: They established their kingdom in the mid-18th century under the leadership of Ngwane III; the present boundaries were drawn up in 1881.


Premise: Why did the Atlantic City Redevelopment Authority partner with Steve Wynn?

Hypothesis: Determined to expand, in 1999 the Atlantic City Redevelopment Authority partnered with Las Vegas casino mogul Steve Wynn to develop a new roadway to a barren section of the city near the Marina.


Premise: How much of Valencia's land is used for agriculture?

Hypothesis: Agricultural activities are still carried on in the municipality, even though of relatively minor importance with only 1.9% of the working population and 3973 hectares planted mostly in orchards and citrus groves.


Premise: What was a subject that Avicenna studied, but did not develop a theory on?

Hypothesis: An early formal system of temporal logic was studied by Avicenna.


Premise: What is the first known extant writing about architecture called?

Hypothesis: According to Vitruvius, a good building should satisfy the three principles of firmitas, utilitas, venustas, commonly known by the original translation – firmness, commodity and delight.


Premise: Who was the first person to provide education opportunities to females?

Hypothesis: In the 3rd century BCE, Epicurus became known for his concise phrasing of the problem of evil, lack of belief in the afterlife, and human-centred approaches to achieving eudaimonia.


Premise: How long has Burma participated in the group ASEAN ?

Hypothesis: Myanmar has received extensive military aid from China in the past Myanmar has been a member of ASEAN since 1997.


Premise: When did Britain join the European Community?

Hypothesis: As Britain's ties to its former empire weakened, the British government sought entry to the European Community, a goal it achieved in 1973.


Premise: What type of words are used to do sound effects in comics?

Hypothesis: Sound effects mimic non-vocal sounds textually using onomatopoeia sound-words.


Premise: What are some of Alaska's industrial products?

Hypothesis: Its industrial outputs are crude petroleum, natural gas, coal, gold, precious metals, zinc and other mining, seafood processing, timber and wood products.


Premise: Who were the most commercially successful bands of the post-punk revival?

Hypothesis: However, the first commercially successful bands – the Strokes, Franz Ferdinand, Interpol, Neils Children and Editors – surfaced in the late 1990s to early 2000s, as did several dance-oriented bands such as the Rapture, Radio 4 and LCD Soundsystem.


Premise: Which religious official was also killed during the fighting?

Hypothesis: During the fighting, the Communards killed c. 500 people, including the Archbishop of Paris, and burned down many government buildings, including the Tuileries Palace and the Hotel de Ville.


Premise: Which are the safest places to inter an older copy of the Quran?

Hypothesis: Based on tradition and a literal interpretation of Quran 56:79 ("none shall touch but those who are clean"), some Muslims believe that they must perform a ritual cleansing with water before touching a copy of the Quran, although this view is not universal.


Premise: What derisive label was given to the USSR by the enemies of the Bolsheviks?

Hypothesis: Meanwhile, anti-Bolsheviks coined the mocking label "Sovdepia" for the nascent state of the "Soviets of Workers' and Peasants' Deputies".


Premise: After World War II, what regions remain part of Ukraine?

Hypothesis: Northern Bukovina, Southern Bessarabia and Hertza remain part of Ukraine.


Premise: What was Colonel Gaddafi's date of death?

Hypothesis: He governed Libya as Revolutionary Chairman of the Libyan Arab Republic from 1969 to 1977 and then as the "Brotherly Leader" of the Great Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya from 1977 to 2011.


Premise: Who thought 'Empire of the Sun' was the best film of the year?

Hypothesis: Reviewer Andrew Sarris called it the best film of the year and later included it among the best films of the decade.


Premise: Who produced the first high definition video conferencing system?

Hypothesis: In May 2005, the first high definition video conferencing systems, produced by LifeSize Communications, were displayed at the Interop trade show in Las Vegas, Nevada, able to provide video at 30 frames per second with a 1280 by 720 display resolution.


Premise: What is the approximate area of the core of the City of London?

Hypothesis: London's ancient core, the City of London, largely retains its 1.12-square-mile (2.9 km2) medieval boundaries and in 2011 had a resident population of 7,375, making it the smallest city in England.


Premise: Who has rejected Wilmsen's arguments?

Hypothesis: Lee and Guenther have rejected most of the arguments put forward by Wilmsen.


Premise: What area is PDO

Hypothesis: " Development of the milk-based industries, such as Ilchester Cheese Company and Yeo Valley Organic, have resulted in the production of ranges of desserts, yoghurts and cheeses, including Cheddar cheese—some of which has the West Country Farmhouse Cheddar Protected Designation of Origin (PDO).


Premise: How large will the two Canbera-class LDH's be?

Hypothesis: The ships will be the largest in Australian naval history.


Premise: Records indicate how many pounds of deer skins were exported from Charles Town during the height of its deerskin trade?

Hypothesis: During the same period, Charles Town records show an export of 5,239,350 pounds of deer skins.


Premise: What conflict shaped his career?

Hypothesis: Conflict with Arius and Arianism as well as successive Roman emperors shaped Athanasius's career.


Premise: In the early Middle Ages, where could a traveler obtain overnight accommodations?

Hypothesis: The Hostellers of London were granted guild status in 1446 and in 1514 the guild became the Worshipful Company of Innholders.


Premise: What is the name of the sampling theorem?

Hypothesis: MPEG-2.5 Audio Layer III is restricted to bit rates of 8, 16, 24, 32, 40, 48, 56 and 64 kbit/s with sampling frequencies of 8, 11.025, and 12 kHz.[citation needed]


Premise: Electronic theft of data is causing more loss than what?

Hypothesis: As result, as Reuters points out: "Companies for the first time report they are losing more through electronic theft of data than physical stealing of assets".


Premise: Who helped tell the 1992 New York Times story about Feynman?

Hypothesis: The student asks, well, what are Feynman's methods?


Premise: What is speed limit for railways?

Hypothesis: Until the mid 1980s this was only practical with the brush-type DC motor, although such DC can be supplied from an AC catenary via on-board electric power conversion.


Premise: What capability do helicopters use to move over the flight deck and land vertically?

Hypothesis: Helicopters and aircraft capable of vertical or short take-off and landing (V/STOL) usually recover by coming abreast the carrier on the port side and then using their hover capability to move over the flight deck and land vertically without the need for arresting gear.


Premise: What is the last letter of nearly all CBC stations?

Hypothesis: Only the third letter varies from market to market; however, that letter is typically the same as the third letter of the CBC Radio One and CBC Radio 2 stations in the same market.


Premise: Along with Italian and Spanish, what language could Swedish Interlingua learners translate?

Hypothesis: In theory, speakers of the Western languages would understand written or spoken Interlingua immediately, without prior study, since their own languages were its dialects.


Premise: What year was Kievan Rus became a territory?

Hypothesis: Kievan Rus' begins with the rule (882–912) of Prince Oleg, who extended his control from Novgorod south along the Dnieper river valley in order to protect trade from Khazar incursions from the east and moved his capital to the more strategic Kiev.


Premise: What two epic narratives were written by Homer?

Hypothesis: In ancient Greece, the epics of Homer, who wrote the Iliad and the Odyssey, and Hesiod, who wrote Works and Days and Theogony, are some of the earliest, and most influential, of Ancient Greek literature.


Premise: What are some of the graduate programs available at AUA?

Hypothesis: The extension programs and the library at AUA form a new focal point for English-language intellectual life in the city.


Premise: How long was the national mourning for the quake victims to last?

Hypothesis: It was the first time that a national mourning period had been declared for something other than the death of a state leader, and many have called it the biggest display of mourning since the death of Mao Zedong.


Premise: Who supported the restoration of President Pedraza?

Hypothesis: On July 20, Governor Elorriaga was reinstated, and Baca along with the legislative minority were brought back to form a new legislature, which met on September 1.


Premise: In what year was Shabelle Media network awarded the media of the year prize?

Hypothesis: In total, about one short-wave and ten private FM radio stations broadcast from the capital, with several radio stations broadcasting from the central and southern regions.


Premise: Michael Dorf is a law professor at what school?

Hypothesis: The former California governor would face a constitutional hurdle; Article II, Section I, Clause V nominally prevents individuals who are not natural-born citizens of the United States from assuming the office.


Premise: How did the war impact the Russian population?

Hypothesis: The taxation needed for war caused the Russian people considerable hardship, being added to the taxation of salt and alcohol begun by Empress Elizabeth in 1759 to complete her addition to the Winter Palace.


Premise: Beyer, Sprague, Baer, and Novello received what award in 1975?

Hypothesis: In the mid-1950s Karl H. Beyer, James M. Sprague, John E. Baer, and Frederick C. Novello of Merck and Co. discovered and developed chlorothiazide, which remains the most widely used antihypertensive drug today.


Premise: What is the area inside of South Kensington where Imperial is located known as?

Hypothesis: Imperial's main campus is located in the South Kensington area of central London.


Premise: Who is the miners' patron saint?

Hypothesis: It is celebrated in honor of the miners' patron saint, Vírgen de Socavon (the Virgin of the Tunnels).


Premise: How does filament size relate to voltage level?

Hypothesis: Lower voltage lamps have a thicker filament, for the same power rating.


Premise: Which war did The Times first cover using correspondents?

Hypothesis: The Times was the first newspaper to send war correspondents to cover particular conflicts.


Premise: Who holds a majority of the shares in the Everton FC?

Hypothesis: Everton F.C. is a limited company with the board of directors holding a majority of the shares.


Premise: In what year did the Pope return to Rome from Avignon?

Hypothesis: When the Pope returned to Rome in 1377, this led to the election of different popes in Avignon and Rome, resulting in the Papal Schism (1378–1417).


Premise: What are SNES game cartridges officially called in the US?

Hypothesis: The cartridge media of the console is officially referred to as Game Pak in most Western regions, and as Cassette (カセット, Kasetto?) in Japan and parts of Latin America.


Premise: Who came in third on American Idol in season 14?

Hypothesis: Jax, the third place finalist, also released a single called "Forcefield".


Premise: Even though Li did not get accepted, what was done instead of a straight rejection?

Hypothesis: Li countered in an email, saying that his placement on the waitlist undermines Rapelye's claim.


Premise: What was Clayton Lockett's cause of death?

Hypothesis: In May 2014, Oklahoma Director of Corrections, Robert Patton, recommended an indefinite hold on executions in the state after the botched execution of African-American Clayton Lockett.


Premise: Why did Gamper want Barcelona to acquire a stadium of its own?

Hypothesis: One of his main achievements was ensuring Barça acquire its own stadium and thus generate a stable income.


Premise: How many of Oklahoma's 2007 grad students completed their degree?

Hypothesis: In the 2007–2008 school year, there were 181,973 undergraduate students, 20,014 graduate students, and 4,395 first-professional degree students enrolled in Oklahoma colleges.


Premise: How long ago does the evidence show moths and insects to have been indigenous?

Hypothesis: Some of the species of moths and insects show evidence of having been indigenous to the area from as long ago as the Alpine orogeny.


Premise: What is the term for the gait of an insect characterized by walking in alternating triangles?

Hypothesis: As it allows for rapid yet stable movement, many insects adopt a tripedal gait in which they walk with their legs touching the ground in alternating triangles.


Premise: Who has presented the contradictory number to the census groups ?

Hypothesis: Estimates provided by the SAE - World Council of Hellenes Abroad put the figure at around 7 million worldwide.


Premise: What role did von Neuman play in the selection of targets?

Hypothesis: Von Neumann oversaw computations related to the expected size of the bomb blasts, estimated death tolls, and the distance above the ground at which the bombs should be detonated for optimum shock wave propagation and thus maximum effect.


Premise: A description of the Buddhist path may have been as simplistic as what term?

Hypothesis: According to Vetter, the description of the Buddhist path may initially have been as simple as the term "the middle way".


Premise: What was the territory occupied by a single tribe?

Hypothesis: The tribes were ruled by clans (ród) consisting of people related by blood or marriage and theoretically descending from a common ancestor, giving the ród/clan a highly developed sense of solidarity.


Premise: When was the Yuan dynasty established?

Hypothesis: After the north was lost to the Jurchen Jin dynasty in 1127 following the Jingkang Incident, Hangzhou became the capital of the Southern Song under the name Lin'an.


Premise: Where did Kanye's famous mic-grab incident occur at?

Hypothesis: West's controversial incident the following year at the 2009 MTV Video Music Awards was arguably his biggest controversy, and led to widespread outrage throughout the music industry.


Premise: In what year did the Grand Lodge of New York Split into two separate rival factions?

Hypothesis: (In 1849, for example, the Grand Lodge of New York split into two rival factions, each claiming to be the legitimate Grand Lodge.


Premise: When was he appointed Apostolic Delegate to Turkey and Greece?

Hypothesis: Roncalli took up this post in 1935 and used his office to help the Jewish underground in saving thousands of refugees in Europe, leading some to consider him to be a Righteous Gentile (see Pope John XXIII and Judaism).


Premise: What is the gold price of the broadband service?

Hypothesis: KBit/s downstream and 512 KBit/s upstream offered on contract levels from lite £16 per month to gold+ at £190 per month.


Premise: What department was ready to join the rescue effort by Wednesday?

Hypothesis: Many rescue teams, including that of the Taipei Fire Department from Taiwan, were reported ready to join the rescue effort in Sichuan as early as Wednesday.


Premise: What in somebodys past caused problems for the Kinsey scale?

Hypothesis: They report finding it difficult to assign ratings 2-4 for individuals with a large number of heterosexual and homosexual experiences.


Premise: When was the Battle of the Coral Sea fought?

Hypothesis: They discovered an attack was planned against Port Moresby; if it fell, Japan would control the seas to the north and west of Australia and could isolate the country.


Premise: What area was once the site of a significant pre-reformation movement, but now only has a small number of Protestants?

Hypothesis: Although Czech Republic was the site of one of the most significant pre-reformation movements, there are only few Protestant adherents; mainly due to historical reasons like persecution of Protestants by the Catholic Habsburgs, restrictions during the Communist rule, and also the ongoing secularization.


Premise: What do some annelids have 'crowns' of?

Hypothesis: Filter feeders use "crowns" of palps covered in cilia that wash food particles towards their mouths. Non-selective deposit feeders ingest soil or marine sediments via mouths that are generally unspecialized.


Premise: How would this antenna rate in the greater scheme of things?

Hypothesis: Using such an inefficient antenna at this low frequency (530–1650 kHz) thus has little effect on the receiver's net performance, but simply requires greater amplification by the receiver's electronics.


Premise: What does the Exchange specialize in?

Hypothesis: There are four hundred securities listed on the stock exchange, of which almost three hundred are offshore funds and alternative investment structures attracted by Bermuda's regulatory environment.


Premise: Scientists seeking a master's degree might be interested in which other degree besides Science Communication from the Science Communication Unit?

Hypothesis: The Centre For Co-Curricular Studies is home to the Science Communication Unit which offers master's degrees in Science Communication and Science Media Production for science graduates.


Premise: How many years does a student spend in secondary and high school in Swaziland?

Hypothesis: The secondary and high school education system in Swaziland is a five-year programme divided into three years junior secondary and two years senior secondary.


Premise: Who did Santa Anna order the reinstatement as comandante general?

Hypothesis: At a convention of citizens called to select a new provisional ruler, Gutierrez obtained the vote, with P. J. Escalante for his deputy, and a council to guide the administration.


Premise: How many of Europe's major languages are official in Switzerland?

Hypothesis: Three of Europe's major languages are official in Switzerland.


Premise: When did season seven premiere?

Hypothesis: Season seven premiered on January 15, 2008, for a two-day, four-hour premiere.


Premise: What did German pilots use to gain knowledge of an airfield?

Hypothesis: An airfield was hit 56 times but the runways were never damaged and the field was never out of operation, despite German pilots' familiarity with it from prewar commercial flights.


Premise: In a June 2008 speech, Timoty Geithner placed blame for credit market freezing on which system?

Hypothesis: In a June 2008 speech, President and CEO of the New York Federal Reserve Bank Timothy Geithner—who in 2009 became Secretary of the United States Treasury—placed significant blame for the freezing of credit markets on a "run" on the entities in the "parallel" banking system, also called the shadow banking system.


Premise: Who visited the Ukraine while the protests were taking place?

Hypothesis: " The demonstrations coincided with a visit to Ukraine by Soviet President Gorbachev.


Premise: Why is the video and audio of the H.323 technique higher quality?

Hypothesis: The advantages of this technique are that the video and audio will generally be of higher quality because they don't have to be relayed through a central point.


Premise: What is a group of theropods which include dromaeosaurs and oviraptorids?

Hypothesis: As scientists have discovered more theropods closely related to birds, the previously clear distinction between non-birds and birds has become blurred.


Premise: What would DST delay if observed during the Muslim holy month?

Hypothesis: In some Muslim countries DST is temporarily abandoned during Ramadan (the month when no food should be eaten between sunrise and sunset), since the DST would delay the evening dinner.


Premise: What do Methodists believe that one must do to receive Christ's salvation?

Hypothesis: Soteriologically, most Methodists are Arminian, emphasizing that Christ accomplished salvation for every human being, and that humans must exercise an act of the will to receive it (as opposed to the traditional Calvinist doctrine of monergism).


Premise: How many parishes and curates were there in 2011?

Hypothesis: According to 2011 statistics, there are 106 parishes and curates in the city, plus separate parishes for Spanish, Polish and Portuguese Catholics.


Premise: In what state did charismatic Lutheran congregations grow to be quite large?

Hypothesis: Charismatic Lutheran congregations in Minnesota became especially large and influential; especially "Hosanna!" in Lakeville, and North Heights in St. Paul.


Premise: How are the bit bytes transmitted?

Hypothesis: After the sync field, all packets are made of 8-bit bytes, transmitted least-significant bit first.


Premise: What was one of Arsenal's first major wins?

Hypothesis: Under his guidance Arsenal won their first major trophies – victory in the 1930 FA Cup Final preceded two League Championships, in 1930–31 and 1932–33.


Premise: Along with triangular shapes, what are common henna designs in Somalia?

Hypothesis: The palm is also frequently decorated with a dot of henna and the fingertips are dipped in the dye.


Premise: Who performed the first #1 on the easy listening chart?

Hypothesis: The easy listening format, as it was first known, was born of a desire by some radio stations in the late 1950s and early 1960s to continue playing current hit songs but distinguish themselves from being branded as "rock and roll" stations.


Premise: How many education professionals were working at KU in the fall of 2012?

Hypothesis: Enrollment at the Lawrence and Edwards campuses was 23,597 students in fall 2014; an additional 3,371 students were enrolled at the KU Medical Center for a total enrollment of 26,968 students across the three campuses.


Premise: In what year did Arsenal join The Football League?

Hypothesis: Arsenal was the first club from the south of England to join The Football League, in 1893.


Premise: How does the US Air Force differ from other branches of the military?

Hypothesis: Although the paradigm is changing, for most of its history, the Air Force, completely unlike its sister services, has been an organization in which mostly its officers fought, not its enlisted force, the latter being primarily a rear echelon support force.


Premise: What did Myanmar do that made it know to be one of the originals in a particular finance producing endeavor ?

Hypothesis: British Burma began exporting crude oil in 1853, making it one of the earliest petroleum producers in the world.


Premise: Which Nigerian political party was mostly Christian?

Hypothesis: The opposition comprised the comparatively liberal Action Group (AG), which was largely dominated by the Yoruba and led by Obafemi Awolowo.


Premise: When are the new plans supposed to come to fruition for the airport?

Hypothesis: During his annual state-of-the-nation address on September 2, 2014, President of Mexico Enrique Peña Nieto unveiled plans for a new international airport to ease the city's notorious air traffic congestion, tentatively slated for a 2018 opening.


Premise: If someone contemplates God forever, what type of knowledge will they obtain?

Hypothesis: Thus, contemplation forever produces a mystified, imperfect knowledge of God.


Premise: What is the physiological response of a sense organ called?

Hypothesis: Chemoreception is the physiological response of a sense organ (i.e. taste or smell) to a chemical stimulus where the chemicals act as signals to regulate the state or activity of a cell.


Premise: Which insect displays a rudimentary sense of numbers?

Hypothesis: The number of caterpillars is different among species, but always the same for each sex of larva.


Premise: Who was north carolina seeking independence from in 1776?

Hypothesis: On April 12, 1776, the colony became the first to instruct its delegates to the Continental Congress to vote for independence from the British Crown, through the Halifax Resolves passed by the North Carolina Provincial Congress.


Premise: How are plants different from animals?

Hypothesis: Plant anatomy is the study of the structure of plant cells and tissues, whereas plant morphology is the study of their external form.


Premise: As the French were hard-hit by the Prussian artillery, what continued to show up to the battlefield?

Hypothesis: One French army was now immobilised and besieged in the city of Metz, and no other forces stood on French ground to prevent a German invasion.


Premise: What is the name of one of the largest gardens in new Delhi?

Hypothesis: Also of note is the garden adjacent to the Jangpura Metro Station near the Defence Colony Flyover, as are the roundabout and neighbourhood gardens throughout the city.


Premise: Which company manufactured cameras in Ann Arbor from 1936 to 1960's?

Hypothesis: The Argus camera company, originally a subsidiary of International Radio, manufactured cameras in Ann Arbor from 1936 to the 1960s.


Premise: What non-motor device demonstrates why a commutator is needed?

Hypothesis: The commutator switches power to the coils as the rotor turns, keeping the magnetic poles of the rotor from ever fully aligning with the magnetic poles of the stator field, so that the rotor never stops (like a compass needle does), but rather keeps rotating as long as power is applied.


Premise: What was the rate of decline that Dell experienced in PC shipments?

Hypothesis: The problem got worse in the fourth quarter, when Gartner estimated that Dell PC shipments declined 8.9% (versus HP's 23.9% growth).