Premise: What was the Egyptian-Syrian alliance called?

Hypothesis: Nasser subsequently opted for union, albeit on the condition that it would be a total political merger with him as its president, to which the delegates and Syrian president Shukri al-Quwatli agreed.


Premise: When homens loses /n/, it becomes what word?

Hypothesis: E.g. homes 'men', joves 'youth'.


Premise: Who was the Admiral of the German pocket ship?

Hypothesis: During World War II, a famous incident involving the German pocket battleship Admiral Graf Spee took place in Punta del Este, 200 kilometers (120 mi) from Montevideo.


Premise: In what year did a red helium-neon laser come to be?

Hypothesis: In 1962 the red helium–neon laser was invented, and these two types of lasers were widely used in many scientific applications including holography, and in education.


Premise: Tylos worshipped Zeus in the form of what Arabian sun-god?

Hypothesis: Alexander had planned to settle the eastern shores of the Persian Gulf with Greek colonists, and although it is not clear that this happened on the scale he envisaged, Tylos was very much part of the Hellenised world: the language of the upper classes was Greek (although Aramaic was in everyday use), while Zeus was worshipped in the form of the Arabian sun-god Shams.


Premise: How many acres has the sale of Federal Duck Stamps helped to purchase or lease since 1934?

Hypothesis: Since 1934, the sale of Federal Duck Stamps has generated $670 million, and helped to purchase or lease 5,200,000 acres (8,100 sq mi; 21,000 km2) of habitat.


Premise: Recognition from what body may help a dialect to become standardized?

Hypothesis: Such institutional support may include government recognition or designation; presentation as being the "correct" form of a language in schools; published grammars, dictionaries, and textbooks that set forth a correct spoken and written form; and an extensive formal literature that employs that dialect (prose, poetry, non-fiction, etc.).


Premise: Who was a Russian translator and Soviet Spy?

Hypothesis: Arlington Hall, the nerve center of CIA cryptanalysisl was compromised by Bill Weisband, a Russian translator and Soviet spy.


Premise: What was Colonel Gaddafi's date of death?

Hypothesis: معمر محمد أبو منيار القذافي Arabic pronunciation: [muʕamar al.qaðaːfiː]; /ˈmoʊ.əmɑːr ɡəˈdɑːfi/;  audio (help·info); c. 1942 – 20 October 2011), commonly known as Colonel Gaddafi,[b] was a Libyan revolutionary, politician, and political theorist.


Premise: What was the result of the change in color in the Rothko Passion of the Christ murals?

Hypothesis: In 1962 he donated to Harvard University a series of large murals of the Passion of Christ whose predominant colors were dark pink and deep crimson.


Premise: Who is Rachel Cain?

Hypothesis: Rachel Cain, co-founder of an influential Trax Records, was previously involved in the burgeoning punk scene and cites industrial and post-punk record store Wax Trax!


Premise: In what was the first Catalan book printed on the Iberian Peninsula?

Hypothesis: Martorell's outstanding novel of chivalry Tirant lo Blanc (1490) shows a transition from Medieval to Renaissance values, something that can also be seen in Metge's work.


Premise: Why were the winter stores of lard and meat eaten before fasting?

Hypothesis: On what nowadays is called vastenavond (the days before fasting) all the remaining winter stores of lard, butter and meat which were left would be eaten, for it would soon start to rot and decay.


Premise: Where were the modest boarding houses located before they were replaced by large hotels?

Hypothesis: Two of the city's most distinctive hotels were the Marlborough-Blenheim Hotel and the Traymore Hotel.


Premise: At what storage  point is R/O water production meant to be used?

Hypothesis: R/O water is only intended to be produced when storage falls below 30%, however demand to replenish household storage supplies with tanker-delivered water means that the R/O desalination units are continually operating.


Premise: What type of art work does Chesley Trott produce?

Hypothesis: Alfred Birdsey was one of the more famous and talented watercolourists; his impressionistic landscapes of Hamilton, St George's and the surrounding sailboats, homes, and bays of Bermuda are world-renowned.


Premise: What did Ahmad say about the Rus when he described clothing?

Hypothesis: Ahmad ibn Fadlan, an Arab traveler during the 10th century, provided one of the earliest written descriptions of the Rus': "They are as tall as a date palm, blond and ruddy, so that they do not need to wear a tunic nor a cloak; rather the men among them wear garments that only cover half of his body and leaves one of his hands free."


Premise: When did Hai Gaon refer to questions that had been addressed to him from Ashkenaz?

Hypothesis: In the first half of the 11th century, Hai Gaon refers to questions that had been addressed to him from Ashkenaz, by which he undoubtedly means Germany.


Premise: How many states' down-ballot candidates did Kerry help support?

Hypothesis: Kerry established a separate political action committee, Keeping America's Promise, which declared as its mandate "A Democratic Congress will restore accountability to Washington and help change a disastrous course in Iraq", and raised money and channeled contributions to Democratic candidates in state and federal races.


Premise: What was the first Greek feature film?

Hypothesis: (Δάφνις και Χλόη), containing the first nude scene in the history of European cinema; it was also the first Greek movie which was played abroad.


Premise: What type of ground could be found in the central Italian peninsula?

Hypothesis: One disadvantage of the phalanx was that it was only effective when fighting in large, open spaces, which left the Romans at a disadvantage when fighting in the hilly terrain of central Italian peninsula.


Premise: When did the torch arrive in Pyongyang?

Hypothesis: : The event was held in Pyongyang on April 28.


Premise: What empire covered most of India from 230 BCE?

Hypothesis: The territory of the empire covered much of India from 230 BCE onward.


Premise: What did airports use to permit night flying as well as landing heavier aircraft?

Hypothesis: Following the war, some of these military airfields added civil facilities for handling passenger traffic.


Premise: When did HTML5 officially support side-by-side 3D footage?

Hypothesis: In a video posted on July 21, 2009, YouTube software engineer Peter Bradshaw announced that YouTube users can now upload 3D videos.


Premise: The acceptance of new concepts and sciences by universities brought these ideas what?

Hypothesis: Other historians find incongruity in the proposition that the very place where the vast number of the scholars that influenced the scientific revolution received their education should also be the place that inhibits their research and the advancement of science.


Premise: Brown is associated with what parties?

Hypothesis: Similarly, brown is sometimes associated with Nazism, going back to the Nazi Party's tan-uniformed storm troopers.


Premise: How many cornerstones of this new way of thinking or religion were presented>

Hypothesis: Potter's book and the Manifesto became the cornerstones of modern humanism, the latter declaring a new religion by saying, "any religion that can hope to be a synthesising and dynamic force for today must be shaped for the needs of this age.


Premise: When did the FBI become concerned about Civil Rights?

Hypothesis: " It was to investigate and disrupt the activities of dissident political organizations within the United States, including both militant and non-violent organizations.


Premise: What was updated on the gunsight as a target moved?

Hypothesis: This was called deflection gun-laying, 'off-set' angles for range and elevation were set on the gunsight and updated as their target moved.


Premise: When did the Bethnal Green disaster occur?

Hypothesis: The firing of one of these devices during an air raid is suspected to have caused the Bethnal Green disaster in 1943.


Premise: Which people became extinct after the Homosapiens arrived?

Hypothesis: Homo floresiensis also lived in the area up until 12,000 years ago, when they became extinct.


Premise: What is the longest Contiguous Coastline in the US

Hypothesis: A peninsula between the Gulf of Mexico, the Atlantic Ocean, and the Straits of Florida, it has the longest coastline in the contiguous United States, approximately 1,350 miles (2,170 km), and is the only state that borders both the Gulf of Mexico and the Atlantic Ocean.


Premise: What level of dielectric absorption would a tantalum electrolytic capacitor display?

Hypothesis: Capacitors such as tantalum electrolytic or polysulfone film exhibit very high absorption, while polystyrene or Teflon allow very small levels of absorption.


Premise: Who edited the first paper about nuclear fission?

Hypothesis: Though the process had begun with the invention of the cyclotron by Ernest O. Lawrence in the 1930s, physics in the postwar period entered into a phase of what historians have called "Big Science", requiring massive machines, budgets, and laboratories in order to test their theories and move into new frontiers.


Premise: Since when has the severe weather in the Alps been studied?

Hypothesis: Numerous weather stations were placed in the mountains early in the early 20th century, providing continuous data for climatologists.


Premise: What is Oklahoma's fifth most popular language?

Hypothesis: In addition to Cherokee, more than 25 Native American languages are spoken in Oklahoma, second only to California (though, it should be noted that only Cherokee exhibits language vitality at present).


Premise: What is the head person of a heretical movement called?

Hypothesis: The term heresy is from Greek αἵρεσις originally meant "choice" or "thing chosen", but it came to mean the "party or school of a man's choice" and also referred to that process whereby a young person would examine various philosophies to determine how to live.


Premise: Who was offended by Clinton being referred to as black?

Hypothesis: Christopher Hitchens was offended by the notion of Clinton as the first black president, noting, "Mr Clinton, according to Toni Morrison, the Nobel Prize-winning novelist, is our first black President, the first to come from the broken home, the alcoholic mother, the under-the-bridge shadows of our ranking systems.


Premise: How many Muslim teachers are there in Kerala?

Hypothesis: In 2005, an estimated 6,000 Muslim Arabic teachers taught in Kerala government schools, with over 500,000 Muslim students.


Premise: What other type of disorders are frequent in asthma sufferers?

Hypothesis: Psychological disorders are also more common, with anxiety disorders occurring in between 16–52% and mood disorders in 14–41%.


Premise: Which talk show host replaced Paula Abdul?

Hypothesis: Paula Abdul left the show before season nine after failing to agree terms with the show producers.


Premise: What happens when scientists try to apply science to sort out social differences?

Hypothesis: "When we try to apply science to try to sort out these social differences, it all falls apart."


Premise: Where is the Extension Centre for the USP?

Hypothesis: Sixth form students who pass their PSSC go on to the Augmented Foundation Programme, funded by the government of Tuvalu.


Premise: Who brought allegations of Montini's homosexuality?

Hypothesis: It provoked French author and former diplomat Roger Peyrefitte, in an interview published by the magazine Tempo, to accuse Montini of hypocrisy, and of having a longtime lover who was a movie actor.


Premise: In 2009 Barcelona became the first team to win six of six competitions in what span of time?

Hypothesis: That same year, it also became the first football club ever to win six out of six competitions in a single year, thus completing the sextuple, comprising the aforementioned treble and the Spanish Super Cup, UEFA Super Cup and FIFA Club World Cup.


Premise: What are some forms of corruption now  called?

Hypothesis: Some forms of corruption – now called "institutional corruption" – are distinguished from bribery and other kinds of obvious personal gain.


Premise: When was Smeaton's Tower first constructed?

Hypothesis: Further west is Smeaton's Tower, which was built in 1759 as a lighthouse on rocks 14 miles (23 km) off shore, but dismantled and the top two thirds rebuilt on the Hoe in 1877.


Premise: What was mounted on poles by forces?

Hypothesis: Soon the forces were adding various machine-gun based weapons mounted on poles.


Premise: What year did the end of Imperial China occur?

Hypothesis: On 12 February 1912, after rounds of negotiations, Longyu issued an imperial edict bringing about the abdication of the child emperor Puyi.


Premise: How many teams were there in the 2015 season?

Hypothesis: For its 2015 season, the league consisted of 12 teams, all from the United States; however, upon the completion of the regular season, the league announced that the two teams it had assumed operation of during the season would cease all operations effective immediately; a regular season game slated between the two had previously been canceled and declared a tie.


Premise: What plan did the DoD release in 2005?

Hypothesis: In the same year, the United States Department of Defense and the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff issued a planning document, by the name "National Military Strategic Plan for the War on Terrorism", which stated that it constituted the "comprehensive military plan to prosecute the Global War on Terror for the Armed Forces of the United States...including the findings and recommendations of the 9/11 Commission and a rigorous examination with the Department of Defense".


Premise: Who wrote The Sexual Contract?

Hypothesis: The Sexual Contract that the social contract excluded persons of colour and women respectively.


Premise: On what date was the Earth's coldest temperature recorded?

Hypothesis: Vostok Station in Antarctica on 21 July 1983.


Premise: A Quantum Dot LED has been used in what?

Hypothesis: This scheme is commonly studied for quantum dot display.


Premise: What was the name of the private agreement between Caesar, Pompey, and Crassus?

Hypothesis: Caesar and Pompey, along with Crassus, established a private agreement, now known as the First Triumvirate.


Premise: The Holiday Festival of Lights are held where?

Hypothesis: Other festivals and events include Historic Charleston Foundation's Festival of Houses and Gardens and Charleston Antiques Show, the Taste of Charleston, The Lowcountry Oyster Festival, the Cooper River Bridge Run, The Charleston Marathon, Southeastern Wildlife Exposition (SEWE), Charleston Food and Wine Festival, Charleston Fashion Week, the MOJA Arts Festival, and the Holiday Festival of Lights (at James Island County Park), and the Charleston International Film Festival.


Premise: When did code pleading get replaced by modern notice pleading?

Hypothesis: The old English division between common law and equity courts was abolished in the federal courts by the adoption of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure in 1938; it has also been independently abolished by legislative acts in nearly all states.


Premise: What does the Sahara have little to none of?

Hypothesis: The northern and southern reaches of the desert, along with the highlands, have areas of sparse grassland and desert shrub, with trees and taller shrubs in wadis where moisture collects.


Premise: How much heat is required for the natural production of asphalt?

Hypothesis: Under the heat (above 50 °C) and pressure of burial deep in the earth, the remains were transformed into materials such as asphalt/bitumen, kerogen, or petroleum.


Premise: Because of his conflicts with the emperors, how was he known?

Hypothesis: He was known as "Athanasius Contra Mundum" (Latin for Athanasius Against the World).


Premise: Who said social norms and material possesions were unnatural and useless?

Hypothesis: Stoicism, founded by Zeno of Citium, taught that virtue was sufficient for eudaimonia as it would allow one to live in accordance with Nature or Logos.


Premise: Which is the largest American football stadium in the world?

Hypothesis: Several well-known college sports facilities exist in the city, including Michigan Stadium, the largest American football stadium in the world.


Premise: What type of pronouns has Alguerese adapted?

Hypothesis: In this standard one can find, among other features: the definite article lo instead of el, special possessive pronouns and determinants la mia ('mine'), lo sou/la sua ('his/her'), lo tou/la tua ('yours'), and so on, the use of -v- /v/ in the imperfect tense in all conjugations: cantava, creixiva, llegiva; the use of many archaic words, usual words in Alguerese: manco instead of menys ('less'), calqui u instead of algú ('someone'), qual/quala instead of quin/quina ('which'), and so on; and the adaptation of weak pronouns.


Premise: Other than the $100 bill, which other note is not going to be redesigned?

Hypothesis: As a result of a 2008 decision in an accessibility lawsuit filed by the American Council of the Blind, the Bureau of Engraving and Printing is planning to implement a raised tactile feature in the next redesign of each note, except the $1 and the version of the $100 bill already in process.


Premise: What is the name of the The Times founder's grandson who succeeded his father as editor?

Hypothesis: The third John Walter, the founder's grandson, succeeded his father in 1847.


Premise: What group was inspired by the Estudiantina Figaro?

Hypothesis: An Italian musician, Carlo Curti, hastily started a musical ensemble after seeing the Figaro Spanish Students perform; his group of Italian born Americans called themselves the "Original Spanish Students," counting on the American public to not know the difference between the Spanish bandurrias and Italian mandolins.


Premise: What features marked Frédéric's performance style and made them unique?

Hypothesis: Influences on his compositional style include Polish folk music, the classical tradition of J. S. Bach, Mozart and Schubert, the music of all of whom he admired, as well as the Paris salons where he was a frequent guest.


Premise: What are some Swedish sleaze metal revivalist bands?

Hypothesis: A more serious attempt to revive glam metal was made by bands of the sleaze metal movement in Sweden, including Vains of Jenna, Hardcore Superstar and Crashdïet.


Premise: What work did Von Nemann do in Berlin in 1930 and Princeton 1935 - 39?

Hypothesis: Also, my work on various forms of operator theory, Berlin 1930 and Princeton 1935–1939; on the ergodic theorem, Princeton, 1931–1932."


Premise: What year did the first undergraduate class including women graduate from Yale?

Hypothesis: In 1966, Yale began discussions with its sister school Vassar College about merging to foster coeducation at the undergraduate level.


Premise: Why do almost all carriers using conventional aircraft have arrested-recovery systems?

Hypothesis: On the recovery side of the flight deck, the adaptation to the aircraft loadout is mirrored. Non-VTOL or conventional aircraft cannot decelerate on their own, and almost all carriers using them must have arrested-recovery systems (-BAR, e.g. CATOBAR or STOBAR) to recover their aircraft.


Premise: Who invented the idea of a "table-of-commonsense"?

Hypothesis: and proliferation of hyphenated entities such as "thing-in-itself" (Immanuel Kant), "things-as-interacted-by-us" (Arthur Fine), "table-of-commonsense" and "table-of-physics" (Sir Arthur Eddington) which are "warning signs" for conceptual idealism according to Musgrave because they allegedly do not exist but only highlight the numerous ways in which people come to know the world.


Premise: What was the final year that the Umayyads held Narbonne?

Hypothesis: From the caliphate's north-western African bases, a series of raids on coastal areas of the Visigothic Kingdom paved the way to the permanent occupation of most of Iberia by the Umayyads (starting in 711), and on into south-eastern Gaul (last stronghold at Narbonne in 759).


Premise: How many times have the Seattle Seahawks played in the World Series?

Hypothesis: The Seahawks have advanced to the Super Bowl three times: 2005, 2013 and 2014.


Premise: In what year did Ibn al-Zubayr die?

Hypothesis: In 691, Umayyad troops reconquered Iraq, and in 692 the same army captured Mecca.


Premise: How many secondary school students attend comprehensive schools in England?

Hypothesis: A comprehensive school is a state school that does not select its intake on the basis of academic achievement or aptitude.


Premise: Who was the first governor of Charleston?

Hypothesis: The community was established by several shiploads of settlers from Bermuda (which lies due east of South Carolina, although at 1,030 km or 640 mi, it is closest to Cape Hatteras, North Carolina), under the leadership of governor William Sayle, on the west bank of the Ashley River, a few miles northwest of the present-day city center.


Premise: What motto of the team Barcelona appealed to the Catalans?

Hypothesis: Symbolising the Catalan people's desire for freedom, Barça became 'More than a club' (Més que un club) for the Catalans.


Premise: Which year was used for estimates in the 2011 report?

Hypothesis: The 2011 Human Development Report was released on 2 November 2011, and calculated HDI values based on estimates for 2011.


Premise: What do patents create an incentive for inventors to do?

Hypothesis: The thinking is that creators will not have sufficient incentive to invent unless they are legally entitled to capture the full social value of their inventions".


Premise: Who claimed that the GSE never purchased subprime loans - a claim that is widely disputed?

Hypothesis: Paul Krugman has even claimed that the GSE never purchased subprime loans – a claim that is widely disputed.


Premise: How many states does Dominion Virginia Power operate in?

Hypothesis: Electricity in the Richmond Metro area is provided by Dominion Virginia Power.


Premise: What text is written and sent to the Senate if the House approves of a law?

Hypothesis: After the House of Representatives has debated the law, it either approves it and sends it to the Senate with the text "The Second Chamber of the States General sends the following approved proposal of law to the First Chamber", or it rejects it and returns it to the government with the text "The Second Chamber of the States General has rejected the accompanying proposal of law.


Premise: What British health organization made tuberculosis its top priority at its start?

Hypothesis: In Europe, rates of tuberculosis began to rise in the early 1600s to a peak level in the 1800s, when it caused nearly 25% of all deaths.


Premise: In terms of purchasing power, where did Miami rank among world cities in a 2009 UBS study?

Hypothesis: Miami is also one of the very few cities where its local government went bankrupt, in 2001.


Premise: What percentage of New Delhi's population is Sikh?

Hypothesis: There are also communities of Muslims (12.9%), Sikhs (5.4%), Jains (1.1%) and Christians (0.9%) in Delhi.


Premise: Which distinction has Punjabi lost?

Hypothesis: Many Indo-Aryan languages have aspirated stops.


Premise: Which river runs underneath the palace?

Hypothesis: The marshy ground was watered by the river Tyburn, which still flows below the courtyard and south wing of the palace.


Premise: What was the population of Plymouth unitary authority circa 2001?

Hypothesis: From the 2011 Census, the Office for National Statistics published that Plymouth's unitary authority area population was 256,384; 15,664 more people than that of the last census from 2001, which indicated that Plymouth had a population of 240,720.


Premise: Who talked Rupert Murdoch into buying American Idol for FOX?

Hypothesis: In 2001, Fuller, Cowell, and TV producer Simon Jones attempted to sell the Pop Idol format to the United States, but the idea was met with poor response from United States television networks.


Premise: 120th Street turns into Paladino Avenue and into a pedestrian bridge across what road?

Hypothesis: It then continues through Spanish Harlem; when it crosses Pleasant Avenue it becomes a two‑way street and continues nearly to the East River, where for automobiles, it turns north and becomes Paladino Avenue, and for pedestrians, continues as a bridge across FDR Drive.


Premise: In addition to gaining an education, describe how Gaddafi managed to attend school 20 miles from his family.

Hypothesis: During the week Gaddafi slept in a mosque, and at weekends walked 20 miles to visit his parents.


Premise: In what year did Louis XIV move his court to Versailles?

Hypothesis: To show that the city was safe against attack, he had the city walls demolished, replacing them with Grands Boulevards.


Premise: How many copies of the game had been sold on Gamecube as of March 2007?

Hypothesis: During its first week, the game was sold with three of every four Wii purchases.


Premise: Which version of evolutionary theory is easiest to use when explaining predation as competition?

Hypothesis: An alternative view offered by Richard Dawkins is of predation as a form of competition: the genes of both the predator and prey are competing for the body (or 'survival machine') of the prey organism.


Premise: Besides oak, what's an example of a hardwood with prominent pores?

Hypothesis: In coniferous or softwood species the wood cells are mostly of one kind, tracheids, and as a result the material is much more uniform in structure than that of most hardwoods.


Premise: In order for a genocide classification to happen, a major part of a group has to be what?

Hypothesis: Highlighting the potential for state and non-state actors to commit genocide in the 21st century, for example, in failed states or as non-state actors acquire weapons of mass destruction, Adrian Gallagher defined genocide as 'When a source of collective power (usually a state) intentionally uses its power base to implement a process of destruction in order to destroy a group (as defined by the perpetrator), in whole or in substantial part, dependent upon relative group size'.


Premise: Who was the captain of New Haven's Second Company, Governor's Foot Guard?

Hypothesis: On 23 April 1775, which is still celebrated in New Haven as Powder House Day, the Second Company, Governor's Foot Guard, of New Haven entered the struggle against the governing British parliament.


Premise: Which country were the researchers located in?

Hypothesis: Both Krasner and Schroeder built upon the work performed by Eberhard F. Zwicker in the areas of tuning and masking of critical bands, that in turn built on the fundamental research in the area from Bell Labs of Harvey Fletcher and his collaborators.


Premise: Nusach Ari is used by whom?

Hypothesis: A nusach is defined by a liturgical tradition's choice of prayers, order of prayers, text of prayers and melodies used in the singing of prayers.


Premise: What are glass TTYs also known as?

Hypothesis: By the time so-called "glass TTYs" (later called CRTs or terminals) came along, the convention was so well established that backward compatibility necessitated continuing the convention.


Premise: How did these countries become part of the USSR?

Hypothesis: The USSR annexed the whole of Lithuania, including the Scheschupe area, which was to be given to Germany.


Premise: What does the compression target in the song?

Hypothesis: The compression works by reducing the accuracy of certain parts of a sound that are considered to be beyond the auditory resolution ability of most people.


Premise: When did Japan invade Manchuria?

Hypothesis: Some historians contend that the conflict in Asia can be dated back to 7 July 1937 with the beginning of the Second Sino-Japanese War between the Empire of Japan and the Republic of China, or possibly 19 September 1931, beginning with the Japanese invasion of Manchuria.


Premise: Who rebuilt the basilica of Saint Denis?

Hypothesis: Together they flooded the basilica with a mystical light.


Premise: Do Anglo-American grand lodges accept women as members today?

Hypothesis: In general, Continental Freemasonry is sympathetic to Freemasonry amongst women, dating from the 1890s when French lodges assisted the emergent co-masonic movement by promoting enough of their members to the 33rd degree of the Ancient and Accepted Scottish Rite to allow them, in 1899, to form their own grand council, recognised by the other Continental Grand Councils of that Rite.


Premise: What is the Mongolian name for Neptune?

Hypothesis: Most languages today, even in countries that have no direct link to Greco-Roman culture, use some variant of the name "Neptune" for the planet.


Premise: What did producers of cotton have to re-establish after the market declined?

Hypothesis: Beginning as a self-help program in the mid-1960s, the Cotton Research and Promotion Program (CRPP) was organized by U.S. cotton producers in response to cotton's steady decline in market share.


Premise: The region where cotton plantations were developed was known as what?

Hypothesis: The slave trade also depended on the port of Charleston, where ships could be unloaded and the slaves bought and sold.


Premise: Who became the new manager of England's football team in May of 2012?

Hypothesis: However, on 1 May 2012, Roy Hodgson was announced as the new manager, just six weeks before UEFA Euro 2012.


Premise: How many finalists made it to the finals for seasons two and three?

Hypothesis: In season one, there were three groups of ten, with the top three contestants from each group making the finals.


Premise: What is the predominant language in the region of Alace?

Hypothesis: The city and the region of Alsace were historically predominantly Alemannic-speaking, hence the city's Germanic name.


Premise: What is sometimes used to check the accuracy of a translation?

Hypothesis: Comparison of a back-translation with the original text is sometimes used as a check on the accuracy of the original translation, much as the accuracy of a mathematical operation is sometimes checked by reversing the operation.


Premise: How many official Greek mandatory public holidays are there?

Hypothesis: There are, however, more public holidays celebrated in Greece than are announced by the Ministry of Labour each year as either obligatory or optional.


Premise: Who wrote that it was not suprising that the blame for 9/11 was trying to be blamed on a masonic world order?

Hypothesis: For example, In 1980, the Iraqi legal and penal code was changed by Saddam Hussein's ruling Ba'ath Party, making it a felony to "promote or acclaim Zionist principles, including Freemasonry, or who associate [themselves] with Zionist organisations".


Premise: How much gain does a half-wave dipole have?

Hypothesis: Used individually as low gain antennas, dipoles are also used as driven elements in many more complicated higher gain types of antennas.


Premise: When did Musharraf give an anti-Islamism speech?

Hypothesis: On 12 January 2002, Musharraf gave a speech against Islamic extremism.


Premise: Which contestant cared for his brain-damaged fiancee?

Hypothesis: The judges used their one save on Abrams on the Top 11, and as a result this was the first season that 11 finalists went on tour instead of 10.


Premise: What is the percentage of intelligibility between dialects?

Hypothesis: Mutual intelligibility between dialects is very high, estimates ranging from 90% to 95%.


Premise: What is God in theism?

Hypothesis: In pantheism, God is the universe itself.


Premise: Where did the Eighth Army land?

Hypothesis: Palawan Island, between Borneo and Mindoro, the fifth largest and western-most Philippine Island, was invaded on 28 February with landings of the Eighth Army at Puerto Princesa.


Premise: Howmany hours a day does SNTV broadcast?

Hypothesis: SNTV broadcasts 24 hours a day, and can be viewed both within Somalia and abroad via terrestrial and satellite platforms.


Premise: What is the definition of a Personnel Recovery mission?

Hypothesis: Personnel Recovery (PR) is defined as "the sum of military, diplomatic, and civil efforts to prepare for and execute the recovery and reintegration of isolated personnel" (JP 1-02).


Premise: What facet of Indian mathematics was introduced into the Arab areas in the early Medieval period?

Hypothesis: The seventh century also saw the advent of Islam as a political power, though as a fringe, in the western part of the subcontinent, in modern-day Pakistan.


Premise: What was the Taragaon Museum prior to being a museum?

Hypothesis: The Museum is within a short walk from the Boudhnath stupa, which itself can be seen from the Museum tower.


Premise: When did the Kangxi Emperor occupy Lhasa?

Hypothesis: By 1751, during the reign of the Qianlong Emperor (r. 1735–1796), a protectorate and permanent Qing dynasty garrison was established in Tibet.


Premise: What are the seven sees?

Hypothesis: There are seven suburbicarian sees: Ostia, Albano, Porto and Santa Rufina, Palestrina, Sabina and Mentana, Frascati and Velletri.


Premise: What does the pope give to a new Cardinal?

Hypothesis: To symbolize their bond with the papacy, the pope gives each newly appointed cardinal a gold ring, which is traditionally kissed by Catholics when greeting a cardinal (as with a bishop's episcopal ring).


Premise: When did Georgia adopt Christianity?

Hypothesis: Later the region saw the first states to adopt Christianity officially - initially in Armenia (301 AD) and in Georgia (337 AD), later in the Great Russian Principality (Kyivan Rus, Russian: Великое княжество Русское, ca 988 AD).


Premise: What nature preserve is in Casas Adobes?

Hypothesis: Casas Adobes is centered on the historic Casas Adobes Plaza (built in 1948).


Premise: Which species of seabirds are more likely to migrate?

Hypothesis: This is because there is a large area of ocean in the Southern Hemisphere, and more islands suitable for seabirds to nest.


Premise: What is a notable stone wall built in ancient Somalia?

Hypothesis: There are also examples of courtyards and large stone walls enclosing settlements, such as the Wargaade Wall.


Premise: While we call bamboo "wood," what botanical family does it belong to?

Hypothesis: Of these, bamboo, botanically a member of the grass family, has considerable economic importance, larger culms being widely used as a building and construction material in their own right and, these days, in the manufacture of engineered flooring, panels and veneer.


Premise: In which year did Mongolia seek entry in the Warsaw Pact?

Hypothesis: For this purpose a special protocol should have been taken since the text of the treaty applied only to Europe.


Premise: Who composed the score for the film?

Hypothesis: Thomas Newman returned as Spectre's composer.


Premise: How many towns are believed to be found by   Archaeologists?

Hypothesis: Archaeologists have found eight major towns and many other important settlements in the Garamantes territory.


Premise: What feature of the nationalism movement is unknown?

Hypothesis: One of the most important events of the 19th century was the rise of Indian nationalism, leading Indians to seek first "self-rule" and later "complete independence".


Premise: Who was overthrown in the coup?

Hypothesis: Recognition became universal following the 25 April 1974 socialist-inspired military coup in Portugal, which overthrew Lisbon's Estado Novo regime.


Premise: When did BBC Japan begin broadcasting?

Hypothesis: It ceased operations after its Japanese distributor folded.


Premise: Due to size restrictions compliant devices must what?

Hypothesis: To address a weakness present in some other connector standards, the USB specification also defines limits to the size of a connecting device in the area around its plug.


Premise: The practice of identifying local gods with Greek deities is called what?

Hypothesis: An example that shows the spread of Greek theater is Plutarch's story of the death of Crassus, in which his head was taken to the Parthian court and used as a prop in a performance of The Bacchae.


Premise: In what year did Paul VI officially declare his support of a cross faith translation of the bible?

Hypothesis: He issued a formal approval on Pentecost 1967, the feast on which the Holy Spirit descended on the Christians, overcoming all linguistic difficulties, according to Christian tradition.


Premise: The US had captured what type of missiles during Operation Paperclip?

Hypothesis: Each of the Allies captured a share of the available members of the German rocket team, but the United States benefited the most with Operation Paperclip, recruiting von Braun and most of his engineering team, who later helped develop the American missile and space exploration programs.


Premise: How long after the shuttering of the Avengers did the league fail to ratify the new collective bargaining agreement?

Hypothesis: One month later, the league missed the deadline to formally ratify the new collective bargaining agreement and announced that it was eliminating health insurance for the players.


Premise: For what was Augustus's reformed system of government notiable?

Hypothesis: The first and last Roman known as a living divus was Julius Caesar, who seems to have aspired to divine monarchy; he was murdered soon after.


Premise: What party was the FBI concerned with?

Hypothesis: Some of the subjects were investigated for alleged ties to the Communist party (Charlie Chaplin and Groucho Marx), or in connection with antiwar activities during the Vietnam War (John Denver, John Lennon, and Jane Fonda).


Premise: Their ratification of which Amendment spared Tennessee a military governor during Reconstruction?

Hypothesis: Because Tennessee had ratified the Fourteenth Amendment, it was the only one of the formerly secessionist states that did not have a military governor during the Reconstruction period.


Premise: What year did Victorias Father die?

Hypothesis: She inherited the throne aged 18, after her father's three elder brothers had all died, leaving no surviving legitimate children.


Premise: How many students enrolled in madaris are Muslim?

Hypothesis: In the West, the word usually refers to a specific type of religious school or college for the study of the Islamic religion, though this may not be the only subject studied.


Premise: What do enemies do to defeated companions?

Hypothesis: Enemies react to defeated companions and to arrows or slingshot pellets that pass by, and can detect Link from a greater distance than was possible in previous games.


Premise: What is one investment assigned safe ratings by the credit rating agencies?

Hypothesis: In a Peabody Award winning program, NPR correspondents argued that a "Giant Pool of Money" (represented by $70 trillion in worldwide fixed income investments) sought higher yields than those offered by U.S. Treasury bonds early in the decade.


Premise: If the opposite of springwood is summerwood, what's the opposite of earlywood?

Hypothesis: The outer portion formed later in the season is then known as the latewood or summerwood.


Premise: In what year did the number of United Kingdom pubs generally start to decline?

Hypothesis: Others claim the smoking ban of 2007, intense competition from gastro-pubs, the availability of cheap alcohol in supermarkets or the general economic climate are either to blame, or are factors in the decline.


Premise: Why were sled-dogs used to deliver medicine to Nome in 1925?

Hypothesis: The race commemorates the famous 1925 serum run to Nome in which mushers and dogs like Togo and Balto took much-needed medicine to the diphtheria-stricken community of Nome when all other means of transportation had failed.


Premise: What two DNA haplogroups predominate in modern Slavic peoples?

Hypothesis: The modern Slavic peoples carry a variety of mitochondrial DNA haplogroups and Y-chromosome DNA haplogroups.


Premise: What amount of the graduate student body at Notre Dame live on the campus?

Hypothesis: About 80% of undergraduates and 20% of graduate students live on campus.


Premise: What group made up most of Japan's first exchange students?

Hypothesis: Some of these exchange students started private schools for higher educations, while many samurai took pens instead of guns and became reporters and writers, setting up newspaper companies, and others entered governmental service.


Premise: Are there reasons for the dark meat  that poultry has?

Hypothesis: The dark colour comes from the protein myoglobin, which plays a key role in oxygen uptake and storage within cells.


Premise: "The Hildebrand Rarity"  is from what short story collection?

Hypothesis: Bond's torture by Blofeld mirrors his torture by the title character of Kingsley Amis' continuation novel Colonel Sun.[citation needed]


Premise: What was the intention of DBX encoded recordings?

Hypothesis: The mid-1970s saw the introduction of dbx-encoded records, again for the audiophile niche market.


Premise: What are small monopoles used as?

Hypothesis: Small monopoles are used as nondirectional antennas on portable radios in the HF, VHF, and UHF bands.


Premise: What does the city subsidise

Hypothesis: The city council provides coupons for discounts to inhabitants who receive welfare to be used with many of the initiatives.


Premise: As a result, demonstrations were held in what two cities in December 2007?

Hypothesis: Vietnam is involved in a territorial dispute with China (and other countries) for sovereignty of the Spratly and Paracel Islands; tensions have risen recently[when?]


Premise: What sort of mill did Bell's neighbors run?

Hypothesis: Young Bell asked what needed to be done at the mill.


Premise: When was the Nigerian EFCC created?

Hypothesis: The victim is talked into exchanging bank account information on the premise that the money will be transferred to him, and then he'll get to keep a cut.


Premise: Who is the Humanitarian support intended to help?

Hypothesis: Humanitarian Assistance Operations are "programs conducted to relieve or reduce the results of natural or manmade disasters or other endemic conditions such as human pain, disease, hunger, or privation that might present a serious threat to life or that can result in great damage to or loss of property.


Premise: Who was Eton's first Headmaster?

Hypothesis: Construction of the chapel, originally intended to be slightly over twice as long, with eighteen - or possibly seventeen - bays (there are eight today) was stopped when Henry VI was deposed.


Premise: When did the East-West Schism begin?

Hypothesis: Orthodox Christianity is predominant in the East and South Slavs, while Roman Catholicism is predominant in West Slavs and the western South Slavs.


Premise: At which time were the 79 rpm no longer mass produced?

Hypothesis: The older 78 format continued to be mass-produced alongside the newer formats using new materials until about 1960 in the U.S., and in a few countries, such as India (where some Beatles recordings were issued on 78), into the 1960s.


Premise: Where is corruption most noticeable?

Hypothesis: Corruption is often most evident in countries with the smallest per capita incomes, relying on foreign aid for health services.


Premise: What area only had about 2 million Protestants in 2010?

Hypothesis: Protestants account for nearly forty percent of Christians worldwide and more than one tenth of the total human population.


Premise: Grammar schools that did not close were converted to what?

Hypothesis: Many grammar schools were either closed or changed to comprehensive status.


Premise: What had a negative effect on Chopin's health?

Hypothesis: Although this period had been productive, the bad weather had such a detrimental effect on Chopin's health that Sand determined to leave the island.


Premise: Where was the Hollywood round moved to?

Hypothesis: The Hollywood round was moved to the Kodak Theatre for 2009 and was also extended to two weeks.


Premise: What statement did Bohr make about the electron of an atom, citing Planck's work?

Hypothesis: Niels Bohr introduced the first quantized model of the atom in 1913, in an attempt to overcome a major shortcoming of Rutherford's classical model.


Premise: The Portugal-English alliance served as the predecessor to what?

Hypothesis: In 1373, Portugal made an alliance with England, which is the longest-standing alliance in the world.


Premise: When did Hou Xian and Zhi Guang return to Nanjing?

Hypothesis: In order to seek out the Karmapa, the Yongle Emperor dispatched his eunuch Hou Xian and the Buddhist monk Zhi Guang (d. 1435) to Tibet.


Premise: How many civilians were the Japanese hoping to kill during their planned attack on San Diego?

Hypothesis: The plan was called "Operation Cherry Blossoms at Night" and called for kamikaze planes filled with fleas infected with plague (Yersinia pestis) to crash into civilian population centers in the city, hoping to spread plague in the city and effectively kill tens of thousands of civilians.


Premise: How many public schools are regulated by the 1868 Public Schools Act?

Hypothesis: Eton is one of ten English HMC schools, commonly referred to as "public schools", regulated by the Public Schools Act of 1868.


Premise: After being yelled at by a priest as a child, what place of worship would Tito refuse to enter again?

Hypothesis: After an incident where he was slapped and shouted at by a priest when he had difficulty assisting the priest to remove his vestments, Tito would not enter a church again.


Premise: How much more water do lactating women need to consume in relation to the average woman?

Hypothesis: The EFSA panel proposes that pregnant women should consume the same volume of water as non-pregnant women, plus an increase in proportion to the higher energy requirement, equal to 300 mL/day.


Premise: Where did the oldest Portuguese university relocate to?

Hypothesis: Historically, within the scope of the Portuguese Empire, the Portuguese founded the oldest engineering school of the Americas (the Real Academia de Artilharia,


Premise: Who did the protesters want to resign?

Hypothesis: " The demonstrations coincided with a visit to Ukraine by Soviet President Gorbachev.


Premise: What is another term other than 'fortified' that can be used to describe the addition of nutrients to processed food?

Hypothesis: Heating techniques may also reduce food's content of many heat-labile nutrients such as certain vitamins and phytochemicals, and possibly other yet-to-be-discovered substances.


Premise: How many members in total does the Basij have?

Hypothesis: Iran has a paramilitary, volunteer militia force within the IRGC, called the Basij, which includes about 90,000 full-time, active-duty uniformed members.


Premise: Where is the Nea Moni Monastery located?

Hypothesis: The exceptional mosaic decoration of the dome showing probably the nine orders of the angels was destroyed in 1822 but other panels survived (Theotokos with raised hands, four evangelists with seraphim, scenes from Christ's life and an interesting Anastasis where King Salomon bears resemblance to Constantine Monomachos).


Premise: To what astrological date was Easter tied?

Hypothesis: Because the celebration of Easter was tied to the spring equinox, the Roman Catholic Church considered the steady drift in the date of Easter caused by the year being slightly too long to be undesirable.


Premise: What did Lee Walker recruit members to Dell for?

Hypothesis: Walker was also instrumental in recruiting members to the board of directors when the company went public in 1988.


Premise: who began opening "superclubs"?

Hypothesis: These 3 producers are often considered "ahead of their time" since many of the sounds they engineered during the late 20th century became more prominent during the 21st century.


Premise: What were the names of the three brothers that rulled Novgotod, Beloozero, and Izborsk?

Hypothesis: The three brothers—Rurik, Sineus, and Truvor—established themselves in Novgorod, Beloozero, and Izborsk, respectively.


Premise: Who took charge of Yerevan in November of 1988?

Hypothesis: On July 5, 1988, when a contingent of troops was sent in to remove demonstrators by force from Yerevan's Zvartnots International Airport, shots were fired and one student protester was killed.


Premise: What do Australian citizens need in order to travel to Norfolk Island?

Hypothesis: Australian citizens must carry either a passport or a Document of Identity to travel to Norfolk Island.


Premise: What year did the Roman Republic use for dates?

Hypothesis: The year used in dates during the Roman Republic and the Roman Empire was the consular year, which began on the day when consuls first entered office—probably 1 May before 222 BC, 15 March from 222 BC and 1 January from 153 BC.


Premise: What state's law requires that capital punishment occur "within the walls" of a penitentiary?

Hypothesis: North Carolina General Statute § 15-188 requires death sentences to be executed "within the walls" of the penitentiary, as do Oklahoma Statute Title 22 § 1015 and Montana Code § 46-19-103.


Premise: What was the median income for a family in the city?

Hypothesis: The median income for a household in the city was $26,969, and the median income for a family was $31,997.


Premise: What happened to the dikes the Aztecs built?

Hypothesis: These dikes were destroyed during the siege of Tenochtitlan, and during colonial times the Spanish regularly drained the lake to prevent floods.


Premise: Where can one study nautical and marine subjects in Cork?

Hypothesis: The Cork College of Commerce is the largest post-Leaving Certificate college in Ireland and is also the biggest provider of Vocational Preparation and Training courses in the country.[citation needed]


Premise: When was the first debate between Harvard and Yale?

Hypothesis: Between 1892, when Harvard and Yale met in one of the first intercollegiate debates, and 1909, the year of the first Triangular Debate of Harvard, Yale, and Princeton, the rhetoric, symbolism, and metaphors used in athletics were used to frame these early debates.


Premise: Who were the first inhabitants of Portugal?

Hypothesis: The Celts and the Romans were followed by the Visigothic and the Suebi Germanic peoples, who were themselves later invaded by the Moors.


Premise: Mali has one of the highest rates of what type of mortality?

Hypothesis: The birth rate in 2014 is 45.53 births per 1,000, and the total fertility rate (in 2012) was 6.4 children per woman.


Premise: What kind of record do players' goals in friendlies count for?

Hypothesis: Caps and goals scored also count towards a player's career records.


Premise: Why couldn't Shawn Michaels defend himself?

Hypothesis: At NXT TakeOver: Rival in 2015, the referee stopped the match when Sami Zayn could not defend himself due to an injury sustained against Kevin Owens for the NXT Championship.


Premise: What was Glover's first single?

Hypothesis: Glover released "I Am Beautiful" as a single while Harrison released


Premise: What traditional purpose are Tuvalu designs still used?

Hypothesis: The material culture of Tuvalu uses traditional design elements in artefacts used in everyday life such as the design of canoes and fish hooks made from traditional materials.


Premise: When were the exterior flying buttresses added?

Hypothesis: The exterior includes flying buttresses added in the 14th century and a leaded tent-lantern roof on an iron frame designed by Scott.


Premise: What is one of the functions of the USAF?

Hypothesis: It is the most recent branch of the U.S. military to be formed, and is the largest and one of the world's most technologically advanced air forces.


Premise: What is the nearest wavelength to the radiation that a human eye can see?

Hypothesis: Other definitions follow different physical mechanisms (emission peaks, vs. bands, water absorption) and the newest follow technical reasons (the common silicon detectors are sensitive to about 1,050 nm, while InGaAs's sensitivity starts around 950 nm and ends between 1,700 and 2,600 nm, depending on the specific configuration).


Premise: For what reason as the 1945 entrance stipulation removed?

Hypothesis: The statute was removed after the intervention of Prime Minister Harold Macmillan in the 1960s after it came to the attention of Oxford's Wykeham Professor of Logic, A. J. Ayer, himself Jewish and an Old Etonian, who "suspected a whiff of anti-semitism".


Premise: What year did June Byers retire?

Hypothesis: The NWA, however, ceased to acknowledge Burke as their Women's World champion in 1954, and instead acknowledged June Byers as champion after a controversial finish to a high-profile match between Burke and Byers that year.


Premise: When did the Tucson Festival of Books begin?

Hypothesis: Since 2009, the Tucson Festival of Books has been held annually over a two-day period in March at the University of Arizona.


Premise: When did Britain withdraw from the Maldives?

Hypothesis: In January 1968, a few weeks after the devaluation of the pound, Prime Minister Harold Wilson and his Defence Secretary Denis Healey announced that British troops would be withdrawn from major military bases East of Suez, which included the ones in the Middle East, and primarily from Malaysia and Singapore.


Premise: Why does the United Nations question the Human rights status of Cyprus?

Hypothesis: In January 2011, the Report of the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights on the question of Human Rights in Cyprus noted that the ongoing division of Cyprus continues to affect human rights throughout the island "... including freedom of movement, human rights pertaining to the question of missing persons, discrimination, the right to life, freedom of religion, and economic, social and cultural rights.


Premise: How are staples of classical music often used?

Hypothesis: In television commercials, several passages have become clichéd, particularly the opening of Richard Strauss'


Premise: Which book did Feynman decline to be listed in?

Hypothesis: He routinely refused to be included in lists or books that classified people by race.


Premise: In what decade did European Dutch yield to the local dialect in South Africa?

Hypothesis: The constitution of 1983 only listed English and Afrikaans as official languages.


Premise: In which competition did Lapua win a metal for Tuvalu?

Hypothesis: In 2015 Telupe Iosefa received the first gold medal won by Tuvalu at the Pacific Games in the powerlifting 120 kg male division.


Premise: How many Tanner stages are there?

Hypothesis: Changes in secondary sex characteristics include every change that is not directly related to sexual reproduction.


Premise: How many of the court cases wound up at the Supreme Court?

Hypothesis: Over a period of 18 years, the Bell Telephone Company faced 587 court challenges to its patents, including five that went to the U.S. Supreme Court, but none was successful in establishing priority over the original Bell patent and the Bell Telephone Company never lost a case that had proceeded to a final trial stage.


Premise: What agency provided statistical information regarding the Presidential Candidates' individual contributors?

Hypothesis: In the race for individual contributions, economist Lyndon LaRouche dominated the pack leading up to the primaries.


Premise: Was the visit from the Burmese delegate welcome in the United States in 2010?

Hypothesis: Political activists objected to the visit due to concerns over human rights abuses in Myanmar but Obama assured Thein Sein that Myanmar will receive US support.


Premise: Who did Arsenal supporters think should have been consulted before announcing the new crest?

Hypothesis: The new crest was criticised by some supporters; the Arsenal Independent Supporters' Association claimed that the club had ignored much of Arsenal's history and tradition with such a radical modern design, and that fans had not been properly consulted on the issue.


Premise: The officers of the General Staff were hand-selected from which place?

Hypothesis: The Prussian army was unique in Europe for having the only such organisation in existence, whose purpose in peacetime was to prepare the overall war strategy, and in wartime to direct operational movement and organise logistics and communications.


Premise: Where does the rugby team play

Hypothesis: Bath Rugby play at the Recreation Ground in Bath, and the Somerset County Cricket Club are based at the County Ground in Taunton.


Premise: Who was the leader of the Kuomintang (KMT; Nationalist Party)?

Hypothesis: In 1927, the Kuomintang (KMT; Nationalist Party) under Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek again established Nanjing as the capital of the Republic of China, and this became internationally recognized once KMT forces took Beijing in 1928.


Premise: According to Locke, the revolutions of the late 1700s and early 1800s were caused when what could not be resolved peacefully?

Hypothesis: In this view, the revolutions of the late 1700s and early 1800s were caused by the fact that this governance paradigm shift often could not be resolved peacefully, and therefore violent revolution was the result.


Premise: How much of Alaskan state revenue comes from petroleum extraction?

Hypothesis: The oil and gas industry dominates the Alaskan economy, with more than 80% of the state's revenues derived from petroleum extraction.


Premise: What type of energy production as many companies been investing in recent years?

Hypothesis: The importance of wind power has been increasing steadily in Estonia and currently the total amount of energy production from wind is nearly 60 MW while at the same time roughly 399 MW worth of projects are currently being developed and more than 2800 MW worth of projects are being proposed in the Lake Peipus area and the coastal areas of Hiiumaa.


Premise: Where was the Antikythera mechanism found in 1901?

Hypothesis: Devices of a level of complexity comparable to that of the Antikythera mechanism would not reappear until a thousand years later.


Premise: In which year was the London Centre for Nanotechnology established?

Hypothesis: The London Centre for Nanotechnology was established in the same year as a joint venture between UCL and Imperial College London.


Premise: What are the first names of the men that invented youtube?

Hypothesis: According to a story that has often been repeated in the media, Hurley and Chen developed the idea for YouTube during the early months of 2005, after they had experienced difficulty sharing videos that had been shot at a dinner party at Chen's apartment in San Francisco.


Premise: What are Parskahay?

Hypothesis: In diverse communities (such as in Canada and the U.S.) where many different kinds of Armenians live together, there is a tendency for the different groups to cluster together.


Premise: What would happen if peasants couldn't repay their debts?

Hypothesis: Periodically "clean slate" decrees were signed by rulers which cancelled all the rural (but not commercial) debt and allowed bondservants to return to their homes.


Premise: Who converted to Lutheranism and secularized the Prussian branch of the Teutonic Order?

Hypothesis: The Teutonic Order lost eastern Prussia when Grand Master Albert of Brandenburg-Ansbach converted to Lutheranism and secularized the Prussian branch of the Teutonic Order in 1525.


Premise: Why did a regional referendum in 1996 to merge Berlin with surrounding Brandenburg fail?

Hypothesis: German reunification in 1990, in which the German Democratic Republic (East Germany) ascended into the Federal Republic, resulted in the addition of the re-established eastern states of Brandenburg, Mecklenburg-West Pomerania (in German Mecklenburg-Vorpommern), Saxony (Sachsen), Saxony-Anhalt (Sachsen-Anhalt), and Thuringia (Thüringen), as well as the reunification of West and East Berlin into Berlin and its establishment as a full and equal state.


Premise: Assuming iSuppli got the numbers right, how much of a loss did Sony take for every 20 GB PS3 sold in the U.S.?

Hypothesis: PlayStation 3's initial production cost is estimated by iSuppli to have been US$805.85 for the 20 GB model and US$840.35 for the 60 GB model.


Premise: When did they launch from the Moon to reattach to the Columbia?

Hypothesis: The next day, they performed the first launch from another celestial body, and rendezvoused back with Columbia.


Premise: How many hours of television does the average teenager watch per year?

Hypothesis: Modern day teenagers are exposed to more media on a daily basis than any generation before them.


Premise: What month sees the lowest likelihood of the James flooding?

Hypothesis: Hurricanes and tropical storms have been responsible for most of the flooding during the summer and early fall months.


Premise: The future of aircraft in war situations was important because of the growth in what two areas?

Hypothesis: As the capabilities of aircraft and their engines improved it was clear that their role in future war would be even more critical as their range and weapon load grew.


Premise: What are two ways that a gymnist dismounts?

Hypothesis: From handstands being easy to back or front flips being a little difficult.


Premise: What positioning levels will the BeiDou system offer?

Hypothesis: Similar to the other GNSS, there will be two levels of positioning service: open and restricted (military).


Premise: What did the foundation decide in 2009

Hypothesis: This was because the sanitation sector was generally receiving less attention from other donors and from governments, and because the Foundation believed it had the potential to make a real difference through strategic investments.


Premise: Where did Grateful Dead play?

Hypothesis: The Olympia Paris has presented Edith Piaf, Marlene Dietrich, Miles Davis, Judy Garland, and the Grateful Dead.


Premise: The Nipponzan Myohoji decided to build a Peace Pagoda in new Delhi in what year?

Hypothesis: In 2007, the Japanese Buddhist organisation Nipponzan Myohoji decided to build a Peace Pagoda in the city containing Buddha relics.


Premise: What other causes are there for inflammatory diarrhea?

Hypothesis: Inflammatory diarrhea occurs when there is damage to the mucosal lining or brush border, which leads to a passive loss of protein-rich fluids and a decreased ability to absorb these lost fluids.


Premise: What is the title of the person who manages the relationship between the CIA and the Unified Combatant Commands?

Hypothesis: The Executive Director is in charge of the day to day operation of the CIA, and each branch of the service has its own Director.


Premise: Who dissolved the government eventually?

Hypothesis: He then summoned the legislature, which had been dissolved by Baca.


Premise: What do the shoots get from the roots?

Hypothesis: In the event that one of the systems is lost, the other can often regrow it.


Premise: What certification did Cry Like a Rainstorm, Howl Like the Wind receive?

Hypothesis: In 1989, Linda Ronstadt released Cry Like a Rainstorm, Howl Like the Wind, described by critics as "the first true Adult Contemporary album of the decade", featuring American soul singer Aaron Neville on several of the twelve tracks.


Premise: Which cemetery in Vienna received Popper's ashes?

Hypothesis: After cremation, his ashes were taken to Vienna and buried at Lainzer cemetery adjacent to the ORF Centre, where his wife Josefine Anna Popper (called ‘Hennie’) had already been buried.


Premise: What type of institute does secondary education also include?

Hypothesis: As they can accept both Gymnasio (lower secondary school) and Lykeio (upper secondary school) graduates, these institutes are not classified as offering a particular level of education.


Premise: How many congressional districts were there at the peak population?

Hypothesis: Although they are usually swamped by Democrats in city, state and national elections, Republicans still have some support in the area, primarily in the northeast.


Premise: What year is considered the beginning of modern Greece?

Hypothesis: Falling under Ottoman dominion in the mid-15th century, the modern nation state of Greece emerged in 1830 following the war of independence.


Premise: Which range of months is Tennessee's wettest?

Hypothesis: Generally, the state has hot summers and mild to cool winters with generous precipitation throughout the year, with highest average monthly precipitation generally in the winter and spring months, between December and April.


Premise: What is the name of one library that Avicenna had access to?

Hypothesis: Various texts (such as the 'Ahd with Bahmanyar) show that he debated philosophical points with the greatest scholars of the time.


Premise: When is the Gordie Howe International Bridge expected to open?

Hypothesis: Canada had already planned to pay for 95 per cent of the bridge, which will cost $2.1 billion, and is expected to open in 2020.


Premise: What is the controversial N.S.A. program used in the U.S.?

Hypothesis: Modern ISPs integrate a wide array of surveillance and packet sniffing equipment into their networks, which then feeds the data to law-enforcement/intelligence networks (such as DCSNet in the United States, or SORM in Russia) allowing monitoring of Internet traffic in real time.


Premise: How many terms does Japanese have for the color green?

Hypothesis: Japanese also has two terms that refer specifically to the color green, 緑 (midori, which is derived from the classical Japanese descriptive verb midoru "to be in leaf, to flourish" in reference to trees) and グリーン (guriin, which is derived from the English word "green").


Premise: Who also was captured at Sedan?

Hypothesis: The French Marines and naval infantry intended for the invasion of northern Germany were dispatched to reinforce the French Army of Châlons and fell into captivity at Sedan along with Napoleon III.


Premise: Who is Northwestern's faculty member notable for becoming a Tony Award-winning director?

Hypothesis: Notable faculty include 2010 Nobel Prize–winning economist Dale T. Mortensen; nano-scientist Chad Mirkin; Tony Award-winning director Mary Zimmerman; management expert Philip Kotler; King Faisal International Prize in Science recipient Sir Fraser Stoddart; Steppenwolf Theatre director Anna Shapiro; sexual psychologist J. Michael Bailey; Holocaust denier Arthur Butz; Federalist Society co-founder Steven Calabresi; former Weatherman Bernardine Rae Dohrn; ethnographer Gary Alan Fine;


Premise: In addition to Clay Aiken and Kellie Pickler, which other Idol is from North Carolina?

Hypothesis: A large number of other notable finalists during the series' run have also hailed from the American South, including Clay Aiken, Kellie Pickler, and Chris Daughtry, who are all from North Carolina.


Premise: What was the first film Schwarzenegger co-starred in with Sylvester Stallone?

Hypothesis: He appeared in The Expendables 2 (2012), and starred in The Last Stand (2013), his first leading role in 10 years, and Escape Plan (2013), his first co-starring role alongside Sylvester Stallone.


Premise: What kind of festival is Spoleto Festival USA?

Hypothesis: The Spoleto Festival is internationally recognized as America's premier performing arts festival.


Premise: How do some camera designs give some EI choices?

Hypothesis: For digital photo cameras ("digital still cameras"), an exposure index (EI) rating—commonly called ISO setting—is specified by the manufacturer such that the sRGB image files produced by the camera will have a lightness similar to what would be obtained with film of the same EI rating at the same exposure.


Premise: What does GNIpc stand for?

Hypothesis: Life expectancy at birth


Premise: What type of fruit is exported from Valencia?

Hypothesis: Valencia's port is the biggest on the Mediterranean western coast, the first of Spain in container traffic as of 2008 and the second of Spain in total traffic, handling 20% of Spain's exports.


Premise: When did Digimon begin airing in America?

Hypothesis: Its premise is a group of 7 kids who, while at summer camp, travel to the Digital World, inhabited by creatures known as Digital Monsters, or Digimon, learning they are chosen to be "DigiDestined" ("Chosen Children" in the Japanese version) to save both the Digital and Real World from evil.


Premise: Nigel Lythgoe quit the show to focus on what other show?

Hypothesis: So You Think You Can Dance.


Premise: What can happen if two over-lapping Grand Lodges are in Amity and decide to share jurisdiction?

Hypothesis: If two Grand Lodges claim jurisdiction over the same area, the other Grand Lodges will have to choose between them, and they may not all decide to recognise the same one.


Premise: Which city is the endpoint of I-26?

Hypothesis: , although technically an east-west interstate, runs from the North Carolina border below Johnson City to its terminus at Kingsport. I-24 is an east-west interstate that runs cross-state from Chattanooga to Clarksville.


Premise: What does federalism allow?

Hypothesis: Federalism, and other forms of territorially autonomy, is generally seen as a useful way to structure political systems in order prevent violence among different groups with countries because it allows certain groups to legislate at the subnational level.


Premise: What type of scam is the 419 scam?

Hypothesis: These scams involve a complicit Nigerian bank (the laws being set up loosely to allow it) and a scammer who claims to have money he needs to obtain from that bank.


Premise: What is the common trait selected for dogs in overall breeding?

Hypothesis: Some of these genes have been associated with aggression in some dog breeds, indicating their importance in both the initial domestication and then later in breed formation.


Premise: On what year did a Slovenian court find a 2009 naming of a street after Tito to be unconstitutional?

Hypothesis: On 4 October 2011, the Slovenian Constitutional Court found a 2009 naming of a street in Ljubljana after Tito to be unconstitutional.


Premise: When was the Russian population estimated to be about 90 million fewer than it could have been?

Hypothesis: Stephen J. Lee estimates that, by the end of World War II in 1945, the Russian population was about 90 million fewer than it could have been otherwise.


Premise: What writer advocated "overground brightness"?

Hypothesis: Writers like Paul Morley began advocating "overground brightness" instead of the experimental sensibilities promoted in early years.


Premise: People selected dogs they wanted based on what two things?

Hypothesis: Most breeds of dog are at most a few hundred years old, having been artificially selected for particular morphologies and behaviors by people for specific functional roles.


Premise: Which group members of The High Llamas are from Cork?

Hypothesis: Ranging in capacity from 50 to 1,000, the main music venues in the city are the Cork Opera House (capacity c.1000), Cyprus Avenue, Triskel Christchurch, the Roundy, the Savoy and Coughlan's.[citation needed]


Premise: How many people participate in El Tour de Tucson?

Hypothesis: The ride called "El Tour de Tucson" happens in November on the Saturday before Thanksgiving.


Premise: What organization did Bell set up due to his interest in aerospace?

Hypothesis: The AEA was headed by Bell and the founding members were four young men: American Glenn H. Curtiss, a motorcycle manufacturer at the time and who held the title "world's fastest man", having ridden his self-constructed motor bicycle around in the shortest time, and who was later awarded the Scientific American Trophy for the first official one-kilometre flight in the Western hemisphere, and who later became a world-renowned airplane manufacturer; Lieutenant Thomas Selfridge, an official observer from the U.S. Federal government and one of the few people in the army who believed that aviation was the future; Frederick W. Baldwin, the first Canadian and first British subject to pilot a public flight in Hammondsport, New York, and J.A.D. McCurdy —Baldwin and McCurdy being new engineering graduates from the University of Toronto.


Premise: What was Madonna's sixth album named?

Hypothesis: With her sixth studio album, Bedtime Stories (1994), Madonna employed a softer image to try to improve the public perception.


Premise: What type of law locked down the Catholic church's stance on celibacy in the priesthood?

Hypothesis: However, during his pontificate Paul VI was considered generous in permitting bishops to grant laicization of priests who wanted to leave the sacerdotal state, a position which was drastically reversed by John Paul II in 1980 and cemented in the 1983 Canon Law that only the pope can in exceptional circumstances grant laicization.


Premise: What was the verdict at the Council of Sardica?

Hypothesis: Once more, at the Council of Sardica, was his innocence reaffirmed.


Premise: What does JTFN stand for?

Hypothesis: The RCAF and Joint Task Force (North) (JTFN) also maintain at various points throughout Canada's northern region a chain of forward operating locations, each capable of supporting fighter operations.


Premise: What accolade did Twilight Princess receive after its release?

Hypothesis: It received several Game of the Year awards, and was the most critically acclaimed game of 2006.


Premise: What year did Nintendo announce a new Legend of Zelda was in the works for Gamecube?

Hypothesis: Nintendo of America told Aonuma that North American sales of The Wind Waker were sluggish because its cartoon appearance created the impression that the game was designed for a young audience.


Premise: How many people boarded in Will Rogers World Airport in 2010?

Hypothesis: In terms of traffic, R. L. Jones Jr. (Riverside) Airport in Tulsa is the state's busiest airport, with 335,826 takeoffs and landings in 2008.


Premise: What two neighborhoods are the centers of the quartiers sensibles?

Hypothesis: To the north of the city they are grouped mainly in the Seine-Saint-Denis department, and to a lesser extreme to the east in the Val-d'Oise department.


Premise: When can software defects in dead code cause problems?

Hypothesis: Examples of these changes in environment include the software being run on a new computer hardware platform, alterations in source data, or interacting with different software.


Premise: How much help did the Seven Nations give the French in the Ohio Valley?

Hypothesis: Although the Algonquin tribes and the Seven Nations were not directly concerned with the fate of the Ohio River Valley, they had been victims of the Iroquois Confederation.


Premise: What were the names given to zinc by early alchemists?

Hypothesis: To date, the oldest evidence of pure zinc comes from Zawar, in Rajasthan, as early as the 9th century AD when a distillation process was employed to make pure zinc.


Premise: Hoe often do hurricanes hit North Carolina?

Hypothesis: On the average, a hurricane hits the state once a decade.


Premise: Who composed music for 'Munich'?

Hypothesis: Munich received five Academy Awards nominations, including Best Picture, Film Editing, Original Music Score (by John Williams), Best Adapted Screenplay, and Best Director for Spielberg.


Premise: Where did Japan attack the United States?

Hypothesis: By the beginning of 1942, the major combatants were aligned as follows: the British Commonwealth, the United States, and the Soviet Union were fighting Germany and Italy; and the British Commonwealth, China, and the United States were fighting Japan.


Premise: How old was Amanda Todd when she took her own life because of bullying?

Hypothesis: Similarly, in response to fifteen-year-old Amanda Todd's video "


Premise: What did Hayek want society to function around?

Hypothesis: He argues in favour of a society organised around a market order, in which the apparatus of state is employed almost (though not entirely) exclusively to enforce the legal order (consisting of abstract rules, and not particular commands) necessary for a market of free individuals to function.


Premise: Now that "Nederlands" is used for Dutch in Dutch, what do Dutch speakers call German?

Hypothesis: The Hoog was later dropped, and thus, Duits narrowed down in meaning to refer to the German language.


Premise: In perfective verbs, what state is the action the verb describes in?

Hypothesis: Although the verbs' meaning is similar, in perfective verbs the action is completed and in imperfective verbs it is ongoing.


Premise: Children were employed in the home, factories and were else in the 20th century?

Hypothesis: Legislation that followed had the effect of moving work out of factories into urban homes.


Premise: What major health risk do people who oppose DST say it increases?

Hypothesis: Opponents argue that actual energy savings are inconclusive, that DST increases health risks such as heart attack, that DST can disrupt morning activities, and that the act of changing clocks twice a year is economically and socially disruptive and cancels out any benefit.


Premise: Who attacked the port after the attack outside of Odessa harbor?

Hypothesis: In response an Anglo-French fleet bombarded the port, causing much damage to the town.


Premise: The Pillow Book was a collection of whose observations of the imperial court?

Hypothesis: The lyrics of the modern Japanese national anthem, Kimi ga Yo, were written in the Heian period, as was The Tale of Genji by Murasaki Shikibu, one of the first novels ever written.


Premise: Why were the schools inspected?

Hypothesis: It was also reported that safety checks were to be carried out at schools across China after last month's earthquake.


Premise: Why does infrared not cause trouble for devices in adjacent rooms?

Hypothesis: Infrared is the most common way for remote controls to command appliances.


Premise: What firm in England and Wales decides if the NHS allows drugs?

Hypothesis: Then it is the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE), for England and Wales, who decides if and how the National Health Service (NHS) will allow (in the sense of paying for) their use.


Premise: Who was the eldest son of Alfonso III and what did he become king of?

Hypothesis: The eldest son, García, became king of León.


Premise: How many counties does Oklahoma Cities Networks cover?

Hypothesis: The market is also home to several religious stations including TBN owned-and-operated station KTBO-TV (channel 14) and Norman-based Daystar owned-and-operated station KOCM (channel 46).


Premise: What did critics claim that Title VII advocate?

Hypothesis: Minnesota Senator Hubert Humphrey corrected this notion: "there is nothing in [Title VII] that will give power to the Commission to require hiring, firing, and promotion to meet a racial 'quota.'


Premise: Who was Queen Puabi accompanied in death by?

Hypothesis: It was believed that when people died, they would be confined to a gloomy world of Ereshkigal, whose realm was guarded by gateways with various monsters designed to prevent people entering or leaving.


Premise: When did the Ming hold the divide and rule policy?

Hypothesis: Historians Luciano Petech and Sato Hisashi argue that the Ming upheld a "divide-and-rule" policy towards a weak and politically fragmented Tibet after the Sakya regime had fallen.


Premise: As a child, Athanasius imitated what ritual?

Hypothesis: After questioning Athanasius, Bishop Alexander informed him that the baptisms were genuine, as both the form and matter of the sacrament had been performed through the recitation of the correct words and the administration of water, and that he must not continue to do this as those baptized had not been properly catechized.


Premise: What sportswear company formerly held a contract with the University of Kansas?

Hypothesis: Sheahon Zenger was introduced as KU's new athletic director in January 2011.


Premise: NYC's fashion industry employs how many people?

Hypothesis: As of 2013, the global advertising agencies of Omnicom Group and Interpublic Group, both based in Manhattan, had combined annual revenues of approximately US$21 billion, reflecting New York City's role as the top global center for the advertising industry, which is metonymously referred to as "Madison Avenue".


Premise: What is the micro-plug rated for?

Hypothesis: The micro plug design is rated for at least 10,000 connect-disconnect cycles, which is more than the mini plug design.


Premise: What was the new word for Dutch that still caused some confusion with the language spoken in Germany?

Hypothesis: The term Nederduits, however introduced new confusion, since the non standardised dialects spoken in the north of Germany came to be known as Niederdeutsch as well, and thus the Duits reference in the name was dropped, leading to Nederlands as designation to refer to the Dutch language.


Premise: Who declared Athanasius to be exiled again?

Hypothesis: Shortly thereafter, however, Constantine's son, the new Roman Emperor Constantius II, renewed the order for Athanasius's banishment in 338.


Premise: Was every resident listed by name?

Hypothesis: Native Americans were included among "Other;" in later censuses, they were included as "Free people of color" if they were not living on Indian reservations.


Premise: What telegram had the intended effect on French public opinion?

Hypothesis: Napoleon's new prime minister, Emile Ollivier, declared that France had done all that it could humanly and honorably do to prevent the war, and that he accepted the responsibility "with a light heart.


Premise: What is the main use of the parish system nowadays?

Hypothesis: The traditional parish system persisted until the Reconstruction Era, when counties were imposed.[citation needed]


Premise: When did Britain pass Pitt's India Act?

Hypothesis: Pitt's India Act of 1784 and the Charter Act of 1813 which regulated the Company's affairs and established the sovereignty of the Crown over the territories that it had acquired.


Premise: What German doctor was sued by Schwarzenegger?

Hypothesis: In 1999, Schwarzenegger sued Dr. Willi Heepe, a German doctor who publicly predicted his early death on the basis of a link between his steroid use and his later heart problems.


Premise: How does Comcast's customer service stack up against its competition?

Hypothesis: Given Comcast's negotiating power as a large ISP, some suspect that Comcast could leverage paid peering agreements to unfairly influence end-user connection speeds.


Premise: What process what used to study the gathered fragments?

Hypothesis: Critical Text of the Book of Mormon Project and proceeded to gather still scattered fragments of the Original Manuscript of the Book of Mormon and to have advanced photographic techniques applied to obtain fine readings from otherwise unreadable pages and fragments.


Premise: When is a newborn boy's hair first cut?

Hypothesis: For example, the now-widespread haredi tradition of cutting a boy's hair for the first time on his third birthday (upshirin or upsheerin, Yiddish for "haircut") "originated as an Arab custom that parents cut a newborn boy's hair and burned it in a fire as a sacrifice," and "Jews in Palestine learned this custom from Arabs and adapted it to a special Jewish context."


Premise: When did Galerius revoke the anti-Christian policies?

Hypothesis: This meant an ofﬁcial recognition of their importance in the religious world of the Roman empire, although one of the tetrarchs, Maximinus Daia, still oppressed Christians in his part of the empire up to 313."


Premise: In what year was the University of Plymouth established?

Hypothesis: The university formed a joint venture with the fellow Devonian University of Exeter in 2000, establishing the Peninsula College of Medicine and Dentistry.


Premise: Where did a group of fans demand that Everton remain within the city boundaries of?

Hypothesis: The club took the unusual move of giving its supporters a say in the club's future by holding a ballot on the proposal, finding a split of 59% to 41% in favour.


Premise: What appointment did Eisenhower receive in November of 1942?

Hypothesis: In November 1942, he was also appointed Supreme Commander Allied Expeditionary Force of the North African Theater of Operations (NATOUSA) through the new operational Headquarters Allied (Expeditionary) Force Headquarters (A(E)FHQ).


Premise: On what days does the minibus take people into Jamestown?

Hypothesis: A minibus offers a basic service to carry people around Saint Helena, with most services designed to take people into Jamestown for a few hours on weekdays to conduct their business.


Premise: What are the names of the Conservative synagogues in Richmond?

Hypothesis: There are two Conservative synagogues, Beth El and Or Atid.


Premise: In who's book did von Neuman find errors in the author's equations?

Hypothesis: Von Neumann's famous 9-page paper started life as a talk at Princeton and then became a paper in Germany, which was eventually translated into English.


Premise: How do we know about some of the civilizations that were gone by the time of European arrival?

Hypothesis: late 15th–early 16th centuries), and are known only through oral history and through archaeological investigations.


Premise: What were the BeiDou-1 system satellites based on?

Hypothesis: BeiDou-1 is an experimental regional navigation system, which consists of four satellites (three working satellites and one backup satellite).


Premise: What part of your vehicle should you remember to check twice a year?

Hypothesis: Locations without DST can instead use the first days of spring and autumn as reminders.


Premise: What is the name of the group that drew responses from the resident and most of his staff regarding anti-bullying?

Hypothesis: My story: Struggling, bullying, suicide, self-harm", legislative action was undertaken almost immediately after her suicide to study the prevalence of bullying and form a national anti-bullying strategy.


Premise: Where did  Feynman find success before moving to quantum gravity

Hypothesis: After the success of quantum electrodynamics, Feynman turned to quantum gravity.


Premise: Tomboy Scout grows up tto become what?

Hypothesis: By balancing the masculine influences of Atticus and Jem with the feminine influences of Calpurnia and Miss Maudie, one scholar writes, "Lee gradually demonstrates that Scout is becoming a feminist in the South, for with the use of first-person narration, she indicates that Scout/ Jean Louise still maintains the ambivalence about being a Southern lady she possessed as a child."


Premise: What year did Dell's enterprise revenue make up a large chunk of its profit?

Hypothesis: Dell's first acquisition occurred in 1999 with the purchase of ConvergeNet Technologies for $332 million, after Dell had failed to develop an enterprise storage system in-house; ConvergeNet's elegant but complex technology did not fit in with Dell's commodity-producer business model, forcing Dell to write down the entire value of the acquisition.


Premise: How many amino acids do the Zn2+ ions bind to?

Hypothesis: Zinc fingers form parts of some transcription factors, which are proteins that recognize DNA base sequences during the replication and transcription of DNA.


Premise: What railroad route passes through Tucson?

Hypothesis: Davis-Monthan Air Force Base, located on the southeastern edge of the city, also provides many jobs for Tucson residents.


Premise: What was McTaggart's first series called?

Hypothesis: The first series, which means to account for our intuitions about temporal becoming, or the moving Now, is called the A-series.


Premise: In 2013-14, how much did the Premier League's Welsh clubs increase by?

Hypothesis: In 2011, a Welsh club participated in the Premier League for the first time after Swansea City gained promotion.


Premise: What atrocity motivated a self-serving USSR to object to the provision of political killings drafted into the Convention?

Hypothesis: The exclusion of political groups was in fact originally promoted by a non-governmental organization, the World Jewish Congress, and it corresponded to Raphael Lemkin’s vision of the nature of the crime of genocide.”


Premise: Where is Oro Valley?

Hypothesis: The expansive area northwest of the city limits is diverse, ranging from the rural communities of Catalina and parts of the town of Marana, the small suburb of Picture Rocks, the affluent town of Oro Valley in the western foothills of the Santa Catalina Mountains, and residential areas in the northeastern foothills of the Tucson Mountains.


Premise: Asymmetric federalism exist when?

Hypothesis: Where every component state of a federation possesses the same powers, we are said to find 'symmetric federalism'.


Premise: In which cities did Virgil attend schools?

Hypothesis: He attended schools in Cremona, Mediolanum, Rome and Naples.


Premise: Who was in control of Estonia for most of the country's history?

Hypothesis: Established on 24 February 1918, the Republic of Estonia came into existence towards the end of World War I.


Premise: The Helvetii occupied which region?

Hypothesis: Among the many substances Celtic tribes mined was salt in areas such as Salzburg in Austria where evidence of the Hallstatt culture was found by a mine manager in the 19th century.


Premise: What is a vertical column of liquid in a tube which has different pressures at each end called?

Hypothesis: Hydrostatic gauges (such as the mercury column manometer) consist of a vertical column of liquid in a tube whose ends are exposed to different pressures.


Premise: How long is Suez canal?

Hypothesis: The canal is 193.30 km (120.11 mi) long, 24 m (79 ft) deep and 205 metres (673 ft) wide as of 2010.


Premise: Which country besides Brazil does St. Barts import its labor force from?

Hypothesis: The island's tourism industry, though expensive, attracts 70,000 visitors every year to its luxury hotels and villas and another 130,000 people arrive by luxury boats.


Premise: What are the four bases used in nucleotide subunits?

Hypothesis: DNA consists of a chain made from four types of nucleotide subunits, each composed of: a five-carbon sugar (2'-deoxyribose), a phosphate group, and one of the four bases adenine, cytosine, guanine, and thymine.:2.1


Premise: What exactly does short-term memory allow a person to do?

Hypothesis: Short-term memory allows recall for a period of several seconds to a minute without rehearsal.


Premise: What use has pushed out the need to produce roads with coal tar?

Hypothesis: The addition of tar to macadam roads led to the word tarmac, which is now used in common parlance to refer to road-making materials.


Premise: What request of Rome was ignored by Philip V that quickly led to the start of the Second Macedonian War?

Hypothesis: Rome gave Philip an ultimatum to cease his campaigns against Rome's new Greek allies.


Premise: What country borders Russia on the west?

Hypothesis: Within the Soviet Union, the RSFSR bordered the Ukrainian, Belarusian, Estonian, Latvian and Lithuanian SSRs to its west and Azerbaijan, Georgian and Kazakh SSRs to the south.


Premise: What was standard written Slovak partially modeled on?

Hypothesis: During the First Czechoslovak Republic (1918–1938), although "Czechoslovak" was designated as the republic's official language both Czech and Slovak written standards were used.


Premise: On what day did Kanye do an interview about President Obama pushing policies in Washington?

Hypothesis: During a November 26, 2013 radio interview, West explained why he believed that President Obama had problems pushing policies in Washington: "Man, let me tell you something about George Bush and oil money and Obama and no money.


Premise: Project Gemini helped recruit experienced people for which upcoming lunar missions?

Hypothesis: In this way, Project Gemini built up spaceflight experience for the pool of astronauts who would be chosen to fly the Apollo lunar missions.


Premise: What was the belief that was approved at this council?

Hypothesis: Acacius, the leader of the "Homoean" party went to Constantinople, where the Sirmian formulary of faith was approved by the "Home Synod", (consisted of those bishops who happened to be present at the Court for the time), and a decree of deposition issued against the leaders of the semi-Arians.


Premise: What was Isambard Brunel's occuption?

Hypothesis: These island bars became popular as they also allowed staff to serve customers in several different rooms surrounding the bar.


Premise: What is another term for Sufi Quranic interpretation?

Hypothesis: Sufism moves beyond the apparent (zahir) point of the verses and instead relates Quranic verses to the inner or esoteric (batin) and metaphysical dimensions of consciousness and existence.


Premise: In addition to extracting components from wood, what might scientist do by adding components, for example, to make innovative products?

Hypothesis: Further developments include new lignin glue applications, recyclable food packaging, rubber tire replacement applications, anti-bacterial medical agents, and high strength fabrics or composites.


Premise: Who was elected president in the 2000 election?

Hypothesis: Elections were held again in 2000, and Kumba Ialá was elected president.


Premise: What month did the Japanese launch an offensive into India?

Hypothesis: A Japanese division which had advanced to Kohima in Nagaland cut the main road to Imphal, but failed to capture the whole of the defences at Kohima.


Premise: What did the decree of Valens do?

Hypothesis: But the saint seems to have divined what was preparing in secret against him.


Premise: Where in Russia was Tito brought as a prisoner of war in 1918?

Hypothesis: In 1918 he was brought to Omsk, Russia, as a prisoner of war.


Premise: Parties to an original treaty and an amended treaty are bound to what terms?

Hypothesis: When determining the legal obligations of states, one party to the original treaty and one a party to the amended treaty, the states will only be bound by the terms they both agreed upon.


Premise: Montevideo is the chief port of what area?

Hypothesis: It is the hub of commerce and higher education in Uruguay as well as its chief port.


Premise: What had Avicenna memorized by the age of 10?

Hypothesis: He learned Indian arithmetic from an Indian greengrocer,ءMahmoud Massahi and he began to learn more from a wandering scholar who gained a livelihood by curing the sick and teaching the young.


Premise: When was Cabral assassinated?

Hypothesis: By 1973, the PAIGC was in control of many parts of Guinea, although the movement suffered a setback in January 1973 when Cabral was assassinated.


Premise: How many council members will they have in 2016 from the union of the Right?

Hypothesis: In 2016, the new regional council will have 121 members from the Union of the Right, 66 from the Union of the Left and 22 from the extreme right National Front.


Premise: What is the value temperature of most of the desert?

Hypothesis: Most of the desert enjoys more than 3,600 h of bright sunshine annually or over 82% of the time and a wide area in the eastern part experiences in excess of 4,000 h of bright sunshine a year or over 91% of the time, and the highest values are very close to the theoretical maximum value.


Premise: What was the capital of the Ottoman empire?

Hypothesis: With Constantinople as its capital and control of lands around the Mediterranean basin, the Ottoman Empire was at the centre of interactions between the Eastern and Western worlds for six centuries.


Premise: What type of aircraft have no need to decelerate?

Hypothesis: If the aircraft are VTOL-capable or helicopters, they do not need to decelerate and hence there is no such need.


Premise: What is the usual average snowfall in Seattle?

Hypothesis: Seattle typically receives some snowfall on an annual basis but heavy snow is rare.


Premise: What time system do some computer systems use to avoid the issues of changes in local time?

Hypothesis: A common strategy to resolve these problems in computer systems is to express time using the Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) rather than the local time zone.


Premise: Who owned the Desperados trademarks?

Hypothesis: On February 3, 2016, it was announced that the franchise will start from scratch and no longer be called the "Thunder" as the name and trademarks belong to former franchise owner Terry Emmert (similar to the Jerry Jones move with the Desperados).


Premise: In what year did Notre Dame create the Office of Sustainability?

Hypothesis: On the Sustainable Endowments Institute's College Sustainability Report Card 2010, University of Notre Dame received a "B" grade.


Premise: In what year were the Australian Democrats founded?

Hypothesis: One effect of this was the success of a breakaway party, the Australian Democrats, founded in 1977 by former Liberal minister Don Chipp and members of minor liberal parties; other members of the left-leaning section of the middle-class became Labor supporters.[citation needed]


Premise: Who did Darwin assist in researching marine invertebrates?

Hypothesis: Grant revealed his enthusiasm for the transmutation of species, but Darwin rejected it.


Premise: The Amateur Boxing Golden Gloves are held at which location in NYC?

Hypothesis: Boxing is also a prominent part of the city's sporting scene, with events like the Amateur Boxing Golden Gloves being held at Madison Square Garden each year.


Premise: What countries share similar levels of GDP with Estonia?

Hypothesis: As a member of the European Union, Estonia is considered a high-income economy by the World Bank.


Premise: What did changing the status of the abbey create?

Hypothesis: By granting the abbey cathedral status Henry VIII gained an excuse to spare it from the destruction or dissolution which he inflicted on most English abbeys during this period.


Premise: John XXIII became the first pope to receive what title?

Hypothesis: John XXIII became the first Pope to receive the title, followed by John Paul II in 1994 and Francis in 2013.


Premise: What was red lake composed of?

Hypothesis: Red lac was made from the gum lac, the dark red resinous substance secreted by various scale insects, particularly the Laccifer lacca from India.


Premise: What year did Hubway launch?

Hypothesis: The bikeshare program called Hubway launched in late July 2011, logging more than 140,000 rides before the close of its first season.


Premise: Freemasonry was linked to scandal in Italy due to what?

Hypothesis: Under Licio Gelli's leadership, in the late 1970s, P2 became involved in the financial scandals that nearly bankrupted the Vatican Bank.