Premise: What parts of India shaped the demands of the people for nationalism?

Hypothesis: The moderates, led by leaders like Dadabhai Naoroji and Gopal Krishna Gokhale, on the other hand wanted reform within the framework of British rule.


Premise: What ideal does Estonia hold towards the environment?

Hypothesis: Like the mainstream culture in the other Nordic countries, Estonian culture can be seen to build upon the ascetic environmental realities and traditional livelihoods, a heritage of comparatively widespread egalitarianism out of practical reasons (see: Everyman's right and universal suffrage), and the ideals of closeness to nature and self-sufficiency (see: summer cottage).


Premise: How many days did the aerial raids on Great Britain last?

Hypothesis: Over a period of 267 days, London was attacked 71 times, Birmingham, Liverpool and Plymouth eight times, Bristol six, Glasgow five, Southampton four, Portsmouth and Hull three and a minimum of one large raid on eight other cities.


Premise: When was Lincoln elected?

Hypothesis: After the election of Abraham Lincoln in 1860 (who southerners thought would work to end slavery) states in the South seceded from the United States, beginning with South Carolina in late 1860.


Premise: Which empire was a multi ethnic state?

Hypothesis: The German Empire ("Second Reich") was created in 1871 following the proclamation of Wilhelm I as head of a union of German-speaking states, while disregarding millions of its non-German subjects who desired self-determination from German rule.


Premise: Which regions in Southeast Asia see cold winter with snow?

Hypothesis: The climate in Southeast Asia is mainly tropical–hot and humid all year round with plentiful rainfall.


Premise: How many people ride the metro system each day?

Hypothesis: The metro is one of the busiest in the world transporting approximately 4.5 million people every day, surpassed only by subway lines in Moscow (7.5 million), Tokyo (5.9 million), and New York City (5.1 million).


Premise: In Portugal, which city was destroyed in the 1755 earthquake?

Hypothesis: Shortly after, independence was granted to all its colonies, with the exception of Macau, which was handed over to China in 1999.


Premise: Where was Gulag Camp No. 36 located?

Hypothesis: 36 in Perm in the Ural Mountains: human-rights activists Vasyl Stus, Oleksiy Tykhy, and Yuriy Lytvyn.


Premise: What was considered an indication of alcoholism in the Roman Republic?

Hypothesis: An accurate accusation of being an alcoholic was an effective way to discredit political rivals.


Premise: Who first settled the Marshall Islands?

Hypothesis: Over time, the Marshall Island people learned to navigate over long ocean distances by canoe using traditional stick charts.


Premise: Why did the Soviet Union complain about the action of the US to the UN Security Council?

Hypothesis: On 27 August, 67th Fighter Squadron aircraft mistakenly attacked facilities in Chinese territory and the Soviet Union called the UN Security Council's attention to China's complaint about the incident.


Premise: Which city made Popper part of its Ring of Honour in 1983?

Hypothesis: In 1992, he was awarded the Kyoto Prize in Arts and Philosophy for "symbolising the open spirit of the 20th century" and for his "enormous influence on the formation of the modern intellectual climate".


Premise: How many seats did the BJP win?

Hypothesis: The BJP won 41 of the 68 seats while the Congress won only 23 of the 68 seats.


Premise: Why does clinical immunology extend to those areas?

Hypothesis: It also involves diseases of other systems, where immune reactions play a part in the pathology and clinical features.


Premise: Along with psychology, neuroscience, endocrinology, medicine, history and sociology, what field has engaged in research on emotion?

Hypothesis: The numerous theories that attempt to explain the origin, neurobiology, experience, and function of emotions have only fostered more intense research on this topic.


Premise: What is the IEC guideline for an unacceptable level of light loss?

Hypothesis: An incandescent lamp that gives 93% or less of its initial light output at 75% of its rated life is regarded as unsatisfactory, when tested according to IEC Publication 60064.


Premise: In which year did Hungary attempt to leave the Warsaw Pact?

Hypothesis: In 1956, following the declaration of the Imre Nagy government of withdrawal of Hungary from the Warsaw Pact, Soviet troops entered the country and removed the government.


Premise: What compiles data from around 17,000 law enforcement agencies?

Hypothesis: The Uniform Crime Reports (UCR) compile data from over 17,000 law enforcement agencies across the country.


Premise: Who was the first person in space?

Hypothesis: The competition began on August 2, 1955, when the Soviet Union responded to the US announcement four days earlier of intent to launch artificial satellites for the International Geophysical Year, by declaring they would also launch a satellite "in the near future".


Premise: What monsoon affects Nanjing?

Hypothesis: However, the time from mid-June to the end of July is the plum blossom blooming season in which the meiyu (rainy season of East Asia; literally "plum rain") occurs, during which the city experiences a period of mild rain as well as dampness.


Premise: In what year did Apple reveal that it would provide compatibility with a wide range of auto manufacturers?

Hypothesis: BMW released the first iPod automobile interface, allowing drivers of newer BMW vehicles to control an iPod using either the built-in steering wheel controls or the radio head-unit buttons.


Premise: Where was Ivory exported according to the Periplus of the Erythraean Sea?

Hypothesis: The state also established its hegemony over the declining Kingdom of Kush and regularly entered the politics of the kingdoms on the Arabian peninsula, eventually extending its rule over the region with the conquest of the Himyarite Kingdom.


Premise: How many contestants were sent home during the first week of finals?

Hypothesis: There were 13 finalists this season, but two were eliminated in the first result show of the finals.


Premise: What language loanwords are found in both Spanish and Catalan?

Hypothesis: However, the Arabic element in Spanish is generally much more prevalent.


Premise: What did technological changes allow regular homes to have?

Hypothesis: This led to larger window panes, and, in the 20th-century, to much larger windows in ordinary domestic and commercial buildings.


Premise: What event led up to the creation of the amazing mosaics in in the Basilica of San Vitale?

Hypothesis: The mosaic depicting Emperor Saint Justinian I and Empress Theodora in the Basilica of San Vitale were executed shortly after the Byzantine conquest.


Premise: What language family does Ligurian belong to?

Hypothesis: Furthermore, the Gallo-Romance language of Ligurian and the Catalan Algherese dialect are also spoken in Sardinia.


Premise: Were Ashkenazi Jews found to be a more or less genetically divergent population than Russians, Orcadians, French, and Basques?

Hypothesis: On the Bray et al. tree, Ashkenazi Jews were found to be a genetically more divergent population than Russians, Orcadians, French, Basques, Italians, Sardinians and Tuscans.


Premise: Instead of being allowed to set numerical targets, what did the Court rule that universities are allowed to do?

Hypothesis: The Court said that "goals" and "timetables" for diversity could be set instead.


Premise: What great powers have maintained peace?

Hypothesis: This "subset" of great powers – France, Germany, Japan, the United Kingdom and the United States – consider maintaining a "state of peace" as desirable.


Premise: What area in Houston is the home of the Houston Baptist University?

Hypothesis: It was founded in 1960 and is located in the Sharpstown area in Southwest Houston.


Premise: What was the most prominent religion in New York as of 2014?

Hypothesis: Islam ranks third in New York City, with official estimates ranging between 600,000 and 1,000,000 observers and including 10% of the city's public schoolchildren, followed by Hinduism, Buddhism, and a variety of other religions, as well as atheism.


Premise: How many all-male boarding schools exist in the UK?

Hypothesis: Eton is one of ten English HMC schools, commonly referred to as "public schools", regulated by the Public Schools Act of 1868.


Premise: From where did Illyrians import there weapons and armor?

Hypothesis: Illyrians imported weapons and armor from the Ancient Greeks (such as the Illyrian type helmet, originally a Greek type) and also adopted the ornamentation of Ancient Macedon on their shields and their war belts (a single one has been found, dated 3rd century BC at modern Selce e Poshtme part of Macedon at the time under Philip V of Macedon).


Premise: From what language was literature notably translated into West Saxon?

Hypothesis: From that time on, the West Saxon dialect (then in the form now known as Early West Saxon) became standardised as the language of government, and as the basis for the many works of literature and religious materials produced or translated from Latin in that period.


Premise: What is the island under jurisdiction of?

Hypothesis: This act would provide for referendums to be held in Puerto Rico to determine the island's ultimate political status.


Premise: What was first instituted for first year students in the 2007-2008 school year?

Hypothesis: For the 2014–15 academic year, tuition was $318 per credit hour for in-state freshman and $828 for out-of-state freshmen.


Premise: West 8th Street is an important local street for what activity?

Hypothesis: West 8th Street is an important local shopping street.


Premise: Who was the host of American idol in its thirteenth season?

Hypothesis: The thirteenth season premiered on January 15, 2014, with Ryan Seacrest returning as host.


Premise: Who did the Indians offer haven to

Hypothesis: Seminole Indians based in East Florida began raiding Georgia settlements, and offering havens for runaway slaves.


Premise: Haplodiploidy is what type of system?

Hypothesis: In haplodiploidy, which is a type of sex-determination system, the offspring's sex is determined by the number of sets of chromosomes an individual receives.


Premise: Besides the United States, what other country sent military personnel to Korea?

Hypothesis: Tank battalions deployed to Korea directly from the U.S. mainland from the port of San Francisco to the port of Pusan, the largest Korean port.


Premise: What percentage of American prison inmates are African American?

Hypothesis: African Americans made up 41 percent of death row inmates while making up only 12.6 percent of the general population.


Premise: What is a cardinal bishop?

Hypothesis: Though in modern times most cardinals are also bishops, the term "cardinal bishop" only refers to the cardinals who are titular bishops of one of the "suburbicarian" sees.


Premise: This IBM invention is known by the acronym UPC, what is the full name?

Hypothesis: Notable company inventions or developments include the automated teller machine (ATM), the floppy disk, the hard disk drive, the magnetic stripe card, the relational database, the Universal Product Code (UPC), the financial swap, the Fortran programming language, SABRE airline reservation system, dynamic random-access memory (DRAM), copper wiring in semiconductors, the silicon-on-insulator (SOI) semiconductor manufacturing process, and Watson artificial intelligence.


Premise: When was the finale held?

Hypothesis: No new song was used as coronation song this year; instead, the two finalists each released a cover song – DeWyze chose U2's "Beautiful Day", and Bowersox chose Patty Griffin's "Up to the Mountain".


Premise: What is the earliest that they kept live bears in the Bärengraben?

Hypothesis: As a result of the find of the Bern zinc tablet in the 1980s, it is now more common to assume that the city was named after a pre-existing toponym of Celtic origin, possibly *berna "cleft".


Premise: What is the most important market for copper today?

Hypothesis: Despite competition from other materials, copper remains the preferred electrical conductor in nearly all categories of electrical wiring with the major exception being overhead electric power transmission where aluminium is often preferred.


Premise: America's first public school was founded in Boston in what year?

Hypothesis: Boston was the largest town in British North America until Philadelphia grew larger in the mid 18th century.


Premise: Who is the main character of the book?

Hypothesis: The story takes place during three years (1933–35) of the Great Depression in the fictional "tired old town" of Maycomb, Alabama, the seat of Maycomb County.


Premise: Did Ferdinand permanently occupy France?

Hypothesis: Ferdinand had succeeded in driving the French from Hanover and Westphalia and re-captured the port of Emden in March 1758 before crossing the Rhine with his own forces, which caused alarm in France.


Premise: How many things were altered after developer version release?

Hypothesis: The day after its release, Windows 8 Consumer Preview had been downloaded over one million times.


Premise: How high is Mt. Mitchell?

Hypothesis: Winter in western North Carolina typically features high snowfall and subfreezing temperatures more akin to those of a midwestern state than of a southern state.


Premise: What was Nicholas Lezard's description of post-punk?

Hypothesis: Many post-punk artists maintained an anti-corporatist approach to recording and instead seized on alternate means of producing and releasing music.


Premise: What example of cyclic group satisfies the express of zn = 1?

Hypothesis: A second example for cyclic groups is the group of n-th complex roots of unity, given by complex numbers z satisfying zn = 1.


Premise: What did the Taylor Report recommend at the the Hillsborough disaster in 1989?

Hypothesis: Since the formation of the Premier League, football grounds in England have seen constant improvements to capacity and facilities, with some clubs moving to new-build stadiums.


Premise: What was the name of the book that Darwin wrote about evolution?

Hypothesis: Perhaps the most prominent, controversial and far-reaching theory in all of science has been the theory of evolution by natural selection put forward by the British naturalist Charles Darwin in his book On the Origin of Species in 1859.


Premise: Who was the show hosted by?

Hypothesis: On the evening of May 18, CCTV-1 hosted a special four-hour program called The Giving of Love (simplified Chinese: 爱的奉献; traditional Chinese: 愛的奉獻), hosted by regulars from the CCTV New Year's Gala and round-the-clock coverage anchor Bai Yansong.


Premise: What name was given to the new residential complex constructed at Washington University?

Hypothesis: With the additional on-campus housing, Washington University, which had been predominantly a “streetcar college” of commuter students, began to attract a more national pool of applicants.


Premise: When was the federal constitution signed?

Hypothesis: This location would then be appropriated as federal land, with the federal government acting as the local authority.


Premise: Between what years were the first natural gas street lights constructed?

Hypothesis: In 1853 a stagecoach bus line was established joining Montevideo with the newly formed settlement of Unión and the first natural gas street lights were inaugurated.[citation needed]


Premise: During what period did a large number of peasants incur debt?

Hypothesis: The Han government enacted reforms in order to keep small landowner-cultivators out of debt and on their own farms.


Premise: How many Jews did the Third and Fourth Aliyahs bring to Palestine?

Hypothesis: The Third (1919–23) and Fourth Aliyahs (1924–29) brought an additional 100,000 Jews to Palestine.


Premise: In 1876 Victoria held what title?

Hypothesis: He also pushed the Royal Titles Act 1876 through Parliament, so that Victoria took the title "Empress of India" from 1 May 1876.


Premise: Evidence has shown some lay people got to proficiency in all eight what?

Hypothesis: Buddhist meditation is fundamentally concerned with two themes: transforming the mind and using it to explore itself and other phenomena.


Premise: What are fimbriae liable for?

Hypothesis: They can also generate movement where they are called type IV pili (see movement, below).


Premise: What would happen to the Nizari Ismaili if the Imam fails to leave a successor?

Hypothesis: Thus if any living Nizari Ismaili Imam fails to leave behind a successor after him then the Nizari Ismailism’s cardinal principle would be broken and it’s very raison d'être would come to an end.


Premise: When did most of the Eastward sector of the Roman expanse choose to have a rebirth of Greek traditions and appreciations ?

Hypothesis: During the later years of the Eastern Roman Empire, areas such as Ionia and Constantinople experienced a Hellenic revival in language, philosophy, and literature and on classical models of thought and scholarship.


Premise: What encoding does Charis SIL use?

Hypothesis: Unicode characters that map to precomposed glyphs can be used in many cases, thus avoiding the problem, but where no precomposed character has been encoded the problem can often be solved by using a specialist Unicode font such as Charis SIL that uses Graphite, OpenType, or AAT technologies for advanced rendering features.


Premise: What percentage of the humans in the world are considered Muslim?

Hypothesis: Current estimates conclude that the number of Muslims in the world is around 1,5 billion.


Premise: What year did the Neuropsychopharmacology journal publist a study about the effect on the brain of beers flavor?

Hypothesis: A study published in the Neuropsychopharmacology journal in 2013 revealed the finding that the flavour of beer alone could provoke dopamine activity in the brain of the male participants, who wanted to drink more as a result.


Premise: Where did the traders from Yemen settle?

Hypothesis: The expansion of trade among West Asia, India and Southeast Asia helped the spread of the religion as Muslim traders from Southern Yemen (Hadramout) brought Islam to the region with their large volume of trade.


Premise: What ocean do rivers flow into from Montana?

Hypothesis: Its rivers feed the Pacific Ocean, the Gulf of Mexico, and Hudson Bay.


Premise: What is one annual event Oklahoma City hosts?

Hypothesis: Oklahoma City is the annual host of the Big 12 Baseball Tournament, the World Cup of Softball, and the annual NCAA Women's College World Series.


Premise: What US General led troops against Villa?

Hypothesis: It was designed to show the U.S. was keenly interested in the civil war and would not tolerate attacks on Americans, especially the April 9, 1914, "Tampico Affair", which involved the arrest of American sailors by soldiers of the regime of Mexican President Victoriano Huerta.


Premise: Who are "mestizos"?

Hypothesis: Diverse immigration has brought more mixed-race people into the United States, such as the large population of Hispanics identifying as mestizos.


Premise: Which two groups viewed the Puritans themselves as nothing more than heresy?

Hypothesis: As such, they perceived the teachings and practices of the rival Quaker sect as heretical, even to the point where laws were passed and executions were performed with the aim of ridding their colony of such perceived "heresies".[citation needed]


Premise: What is a superpower?

Hypothesis: Foremost among these is the concept of the superpower, used to describe those nations with overwhelming power and influence in the rest of the world.


Premise: Who was Beijing captured by in 1644?

Hypothesis: When Beijing was captured by Li Zicheng's peasant rebels in 1644, the Chongzhen Emperor, the last Ming emperor, committed suicide.


Premise: How many people attended a Broadway show in the 2013-4 season?

Hypothesis: Attendance in 2013–2014 stood at 12.21 million, representing a 5.5% increase from the 2012–2013 season's 11.57 million.


Premise: Where did Abbess Hildegard live?

Hypothesis: The product that the early Europeans drank might not be recognised as beer by most people today.


Premise: What structure was built at Toompea Hill?

Hypothesis: The Danish cross is on the city of Tallinn's coat of arms, and Estonia's coat of arms displays three lions similar to those found on the Danish coat of arms.


Premise: In what place with the word "name" in it do most people speak Dutch?

Hypothesis: The Cape Dutch dialects of Southern Africa have evolved into Afrikaans, a mutually intelligible daughter language[n 3] which is spoken to some degree by at least 16 million people, mainly in South Africa and Namibia.[n 4]


Premise: When did Fox announce that American Idol is ending?

Hypothesis: For an unprecedented eight consecutive years, from the 2003–04 television season through the 2010–11 season, either its performance or result show had been ranked number one in U.S. television ratings.


Premise: What is the practice that includes controlling physical access to hardware?

Hypothesis: It includes controlling physical access to the hardware, as well as protecting against harm that may come via network access, data and code injection, and due to malpractice by operators, whether intentional, accidental, or due to them being tricked into deviating from secure procedures.


Premise: What is often pointed to as the one reason for the Cubs' inconsistent late season play?

Hypothesis: After the core players of those teams started to move on, the 70s got worse for the team, and they became known as "The Loveable Losers."


Premise: What have the Swiss been under pressure from the EU to do in terms of tax rates?

Hypothesis: The Swiss have also been under EU and sometimes international pressure to reduce banking secrecy and to raise tax rates to parity with the EU.


Premise: What is a challenge researchers face when studying culture and adolescents?

Hypothesis: For these reasons, culture is a prevalent and powerful presence in the lives of adolescents, and therefore we cannot fully understand today's adolescents without studying and understanding their culture.


Premise: When did Kerry leave the DA's office?

Hypothesis: Droney's health was poor and Kerry had decided to run for his position in the 1978 election should Droney drop out.


Premise: What are some examples of the science parks being built in Portugal?

Hypothesis: These include the Taguspark (in Oeiras), the Coimbra iParque (in Coimbra), the biocant (in Cantanhede), the Madeira Tecnopolo (in Funchal), Sines Tecnopolo (in Sines), Tecmaia (in Maia) and Parkurbis (in Covilhã).


Premise: Who mentored contestants in the fourteenth and fifteenth seasons of American Idol?

Hypothesis: Jimmy Iovine was the mentor in the tenth through twelfth seasons, former judge Randy Jackson was the mentor for the thirteenth season and Scott Borchetta was the mentor for the fourteenth and fifteenth season.


Premise: What did Frédéric compose during the year of 1817?

Hypothesis: Fryderyk may have had some piano instruction from his mother, but his first professional music tutor, from 1816 to 1821, was the Czech pianist Wojciech Żywny.


Premise: Who was the governor of New York under which the loyalist and British raid of New Haven took place?

Hypothesis: On July 5, 1779, 2,600 loyalists and British regulars under General William Tryon, governor of New York, landed in New Haven Harbor and raided the 3,500-person town.


Premise: Where is zinc chelator phytate found?

Hypothesis: However, phytates in many whole-grains and fiber in many foods may interfere with zinc absorption and marginal zinc intake has poorly understood effects.


Premise: What form of cotton is GM?

Hypothesis: The gene coding for Bt toxin has been inserted into cotton, causing cotton, called Bt cotton, to produce this natural insecticide in its tissues.


Premise: How many people in different migrant communities speak Estonian?

Hypothesis: Estonian (eesti keel [ˈeːsti ˈkeːl] ( listen)) is the official language of Estonia, spoken natively by about 1.1 million people in Estonia and tens of thousands in various migrant communities.


Premise: In what years did Liberia host national fairs?

Hypothesis: Liberia hosted National Fairs in 1857 and 1858 in which prizes were awarded for various needle arts.


Premise: What solder resist with a four-word name is a popular choice in the industry?

Hypothesis: One of the most common solder resists used today is called "LPI" (liquid photoimageable solder mask).


Premise: What do the 'Optics Valley' companies do?

Hypothesis: Roughly 150 Tucson companies are involved in the design and manufacture of optics and optoelectronics systems, earning Tucson the nickname "Optics Valley".


Premise: When was the most important Byzantine church re-discovered?

Hypothesis: It is known that the walls were also covered with golden glass mosaics but only the floor panels survived as usual.


Premise: What combines elements of ballet, gymnastics, dance, and apparatus manipulation?

Hypothesis: According to FIG rules, only women compete in rhythmic gymnastics.


Premise: In what year did the British Empire replace the Maratha Empire?

Hypothesis: The Maratha Empire, which had replaced the Mughal Empire as the overlord of the subcontinent, was finally replaced by the British Empire in 1818.


Premise: What percentage of species is estimated to be extinct?

Hypothesis: More than 99 percent of all species, amounting to over five billion species, that ever lived on Earth are estimated to be extinct.


Premise: What is an example of a device that could entirely mitigate the bass response issues of the 3rd gen iPods?

Hypothesis: The third-generation iPod had a weak bass response, as shown in audio tests.


Premise: What publication of Jean-Jacques Rousseau was a leading text in the late 18th century and was published 1767 in Geneva and 1768 in Paris?

Hypothesis: Jean-Jacques Rousseau's Dictionnaire de musique (published 1767 in Geneva and 1768 in Paris) was a leading text in the late 18th century.


Premise: What was Bozize indicted for?

Hypothesis: The security situation did not improve during June–August 2013 and there were reports of over 200,000 internally displaced persons (IDPs) as well as human rights abuses and renewed fighting between Séléka and Bozizé supporters.


Premise: What two countries after China was the Mahayana sutras spread?

Hypothesis: In the 2nd century CE, Mahayana Sutras spread to China, and then to Korea and Japan, and were translated into Chinese.


Premise: Why did the companies circumvent the authentication system?

Hypothesis: Several companies, refusing to pay the licensing fee or having been rejected by Nintendo, found ways to circumvent the console's authentication system.


Premise: During what period did soft AC stations attempt to reinvent themselves?

Hypothesis: Newer songs are more often (but not limited to) "easy listening" fare, this amount varying depending on the age of the station's target demographic.


Premise: What happened to Eannatum's empire after his death?

Hypothesis: He seems to have used terror as a matter of policy.


Premise: What Pakistani province is south of Punjab?

Hypothesis: Punjab is Pakistan's second largest province in terms of land area at 205,344 km2 (79,284 sq mi), after Balochistan, and is located at the north western edge of the geologic Indian plate in South Asia.


Premise: Along with the Hargesian culture, what culture was present in Somalia in the Stone age?

Hypothesis: Inscriptions have been found beneath many of the rock paintings, but archaeologists have so far been unable to decipher this form of ancient writing.


Premise: What systems are really geared toward mobility?

Hypothesis: Soviet systems especially concentrate on mobility, after the lessons learnt in the Vietnam war between the USA and Vietnam.


Premise: Where was the Condemnation of 1277 enacted?

Hypothesis: An alternative was presented by William of Ockham, who insisted that the world of reason and the world of faith had to be kept apart.


Premise: On what island is Cornell Tech located?

Hypothesis: On December 19, 2011, then Mayor Michael R. Bloomberg announced his choice of Cornell University and Technion-Israel Institute of Technology to build a US$2 billion graduate school of applied sciences called Cornell Tech on Roosevelt Island with the goal of transforming New York City into the world's premier technology capital.


Premise: What did the Spanish nickname Sir Francis Drake?

Hypothesis: He was the first Englishman to circumnavigate the world and was known by the Spanish as El Draco meaning "The Dragon" after he raided many of their ships.


Premise: What are the General Categories of Unicode?

Hypothesis: The major categories are: Letter, Mark, Number, Punctuation, Symbol, Separator and Other.


Premise: Who is a fully awakened being who has purified his mind of the three poisons of desire, aversion, and ignorance?

Hypothesis: According to Buddhist traditions a Buddha is a fully awakened being who has completely purified his mind of the three poisons of desire, aversion and ignorance.


Premise: The gland directly underneath the hypothalamus is which gland?

Hypothesis: Some of the outputs also go to the pituitary gland, a tiny gland attached to the brain directly underneath the hypothalamus.


Premise: What country made gains in the Treaty of Hubertusburg?

Hypothesis: The treaty simply restored the status quo of 1748, with Silesia and Glatz reverting to Frederick and Saxony to its own elector.


Premise: What performs bidirectional data translation between two standards?

Hypothesis: These devices present two HID endpoints to the system and use a microcontroller to perform bidirectional data translation between the two standards.


Premise: Whos was the founder of the neorealist theory of international relations?

Hypothesis: Kenneth Waltz, the founder of the neorealist theory of international relations, uses a set of five criteria to determine great power: population and territory; resource endowment; economic capability; political stability and competence; and military strength.


Premise: Who was the Buddha's personal attendant?

Hypothesis: Ānanda, the Buddha's personal attendant, was called upon to recite the dhamma.


Premise: Bach was influenced by a popular A cappella composer heavily for what composition?

Hypothesis: Other composers that utilized the a cappella style, if only for the occasional piece, were Claudio Monteverdi and his masterpiece, Lagrime d'amante al sepolcro dell'amata


Premise: What was the name of the short-lived puppet court created by the Jurchens?

Hypothesis: Song was eventually exterminated by the Mongol empire under the name Yuan and in Yuan dynasty the city's status as a hub of the textile industry was further consolidated.


Premise: What does Euornithes mean?

Hypothesis: Many species of the second major avialan lineage to diversify, the Euornithes (meaning "true birds", because they include the ancestors of modern birds), were semi-aquatic and specialized in eating fish and other small aquatic organisms.


Premise: What's on the other side of the East River from the Bronx?

Hypothesis: (There is also a short southern land boundary with Marble Hill in the Borough of Manhattan, over the filled-in former course of the Spuyten Duyvil Creek.


Premise: How has the media perceive most of these changes to the Downtown area?

Hypothesis: The recent turnaround of downtown New Haven has received positive press from various periodicals.


Premise: What percent of Zhejiang is hills?

Hypothesis: Altitudes tend to be the highest to the south and west and the highest peak of the province, Huangmaojian Peak (1,929 meters or 6,329 feet), is located there.


Premise: What is a cause of once per revolution pitch variation?

Hypothesis: A small degree of warp was common, and allowing for it was part of the art of turntable and tonearm design.


Premise: What are some major contributors to states output

Hypothesis: Its GDP is the fourth largest economy in the United States.


Premise: When were the mediatisation changes confirmed?

Hypothesis: The coat of arms of this new state was simpler than they had been previously.


Premise: What do Kathmandu residents earn per capita each year?

Hypothesis: The economic output of the metropolitan area alone is worth more than one third of national GDP around $6.5billion in terms of nominal GDP NR.s 550 billion approximately per year $2200 per capital income approx three times national average.


Premise: What democratic principles were followed by the Plymouth Colony?

Hypothesis: In North America, Plymouth Colony (Pilgrim Fathers; 1620) and Massachusetts Bay Colony (1628) practised democratic self-rule and separation of powers.


Premise: How cheaply could an older LaserDisc player be purchased in the 1990s?

Hypothesis: In the 1990s, notable players sold for anywhere from US$200 to well over $1,000, while older and less desirable players could be purchased in working condition for as little as $25.


Premise: What does CATOBAR allow for?

Hypothesis: STOVL is used by other navies because it is cheaper to operate and still provides good deployment capability for fighter aircraft.


Premise: How can better service quality be achieved?

Hypothesis: Whatever the causes of the sparks effect, it is well established for numerous routes that have electrified over decades.


Premise: In what year did Chandraguta's son come to the throne?

Hypothesis: Chandragupta's son Bindusara succeeded to the throne around 297 BC.


Premise: What percentage of the votes for president did Rosell get?

Hypothesis: The elections were held on 13 June, where he got 61.35% (57,088 votes, a record) of total votes.


Premise: How do most editors work around the reference problems of clear-text editing?

Hypothesis: As Shillingsburg notes, "English scholarly editions have tended to use notes at the foot of the text page, indicating, tacitly, a greater modesty about the "established" text and drawing attention more forcibly to at least some of the alternative forms of the text".


Premise: Who presented the idea that grew into the DIN?

Hypothesis: The DIN system, officially DIN standard 4512 by Deutsches Institut für Normung (but still named Deutscher Normenausschuß (DNA) at this time), was published in January 1934.


Premise: What order is the breakdown field strength for air dielectric capacitors of?

Hypothesis: For air dielectric capacitors the breakdown field strength is of the order 2 to 5 MV/m; for mica the breakdown is 100 to 300 MV/m; for oil, 15 to 25 MV/m; it can be much less when other materials are used for the dielectric.


Premise: Which of the entrails was especially important to augury?

Hypothesis: The haruspices divined the will of the gods through examination of entrails after sacrifice, particularly the liver.


Premise: How many settlers from Turkey were living in the north?

Hypothesis: Around 150,000 settlers from Turkey are believed to be living in the north—many of whom were forced from Turkey by the Turkish government—in violation of the Geneva Convention and various UN resolutions.


Premise: In more that 100 years how many films have been produced in Egypt?

Hypothesis: Actors from all over the Arab World seek to appear in the Egyptian cinema for the sake of fame.


Premise: What did the protesters want?

Hypothesis: When Karabakhis got hold of small arms to replace hunting rifles and crossbows, casualties began to mount; bridges were blown up, roads were blockaded, and hostages were taken.


Premise: When was Louis's Lunch found?

Hypothesis: A second New Haven gastronomical claim to fame is Louis' Lunch, which is located in a small brick building on Crown Street and has been serving fast food since 1895.


Premise: Von Neumann testified at whose hearing about loyalty and help?

Hypothesis: He said the Russians would probably be building a similar weapon system, which turned out to be the case.


Premise: What describes functions having antiderivatives of a prescribed form?

Hypothesis: Finite symmetry groups such as the Mathieu groups are used in coding theory, which is in turn applied in error correction of transmitted data, and in CD players.


Premise: What former managing director od Goldman Sachs international division is president of The European Central Bank?

Hypothesis: As of 2015[update] the President of the ECB is Mario Draghi, former governor of the Bank of Italy, former member of the World Bank, and former managing director of the Goldman Sachs international division (2002–2005).


Premise: Besides the information-processing perspective, what is the other major approach to understanding cognitive change during adolescence?

Hypothesis: The second is the information-processing perspective, which derives from the study of artificial intelligence and attempts to explain cognitive development in terms of the growth of specific components of the thinking process.


Premise: What sets out the boundries of federal law?

Hypothesis: The Constitution sets out the boundaries of federal law, which consists of acts of Congress, treaties ratified by the Senate, regulations promulgated by the executive branch, and case law originating from the federal judiciary.


Premise: What papers reported on this incident?

Hypothesis: However, both the Washington Post and the Washington Times reported that Powell simply fell in line, signing a brief written by someone else.


Premise: When did Japan invade China?

Hypothesis: It is generally considered that the Pacific War began on 7/8 December 1941, on which date Japan invaded Thailand and attacked the British possessions of Malaya, Singapore, and Hong Kong as well as the United States military bases in Hawaii, Wake Island, Guam and the Philippines.


Premise: Offerings left at the Muthappan Temple shrine take on what form?

Hypothesis: They are said to watch over the gates of Naraka.


Premise: who started the Detroit techno development?

Hypothesis: Detroit techno is an offshoot of Chicago house music.


Premise: What consisted of two rows of lights that formed a funnel, indicating an aircraft's position on the glidescope?

Hypothesis: In the 1940s, the slope-line approach system was introduced.


Premise: Who was the inventor of the cigarette-rolling machine?

Hypothesis: Tobacco warehousing and processing continued to play a role, boosted by the world's first cigarette-rolling machine, invented by James Albert Bonsack of Roanoke in 1880/81.


Premise: What would we call a printed circuit board with embedded electronics, abbreviated PCA?

Hypothesis: A PCB populated with electronic components is called a printed circuit assembly (PCA), printed circuit board assembly or PCB assembly (PCBA).


Premise: What event caused the end of Ahom rule in Assam?

Hypothesis: They ruled much of Assam from the 13th century until the establishment of British rule in 1838.


Premise: What did some tribes achieve by domesticating horses?

Hypothesis: Some of these animals escaped and began to breed and increase their numbers in the wild.


Premise: What country experienced conflict with the Jewish community after World War II?

Hypothesis: At the same time, hundreds of thousands of Jewish Holocaust survivors and refugees sought a new life far from their destroyed communities in Europe.


Premise: What differences do the Lombardic mandolins have from the Neapolitan mandolin?

Hypothesis: They are shorter and wider than the standard Neapolitan mandolin, with a shallow back.


Premise: How many death sentences were issued in the period 1995-1996?

Hypothesis: The number of new death sentences handed down peaked in 1995–1996 (309).


Premise: What is the name of the book in which Hayek presented the Hebbian Synapse?

Hypothesis: In The Sensory Order: An Inquiry into the Foundations of Theoretical Psychology (1952), Hayek independently developed a "Hebbian learning" model of learning and memory – an idea which he first conceived in 1920, prior to his study of economics.


Premise: What is the literacy rate in Chihuahua City?

Hypothesis: Chihuahua City has one of the highest literacy rates in the country at 98%; 35% of the population is aged 14 or below, 60% 15-65, and 5% over 65.


Premise: The mean snowfall between 1981 and 2010 in NYC has been how many inches?

Hypothesis: Average winter snowfall between 1981 and 2010 has been 25.8 inches (66 cm), but this varies considerably from year to year.


Premise: The realist view of time is sometimes referred to as what?

Hypothesis: The opposing view is that time does not refer to any kind of "container" that events and objects "move through", nor to any entity that "flows", but that it is instead part of a fundamental intellectual structure (together with space and number) within which humans sequence and compare events.


Premise: What is the funneling that occurs that brings blood back to the heart?

Hypothesis: As blood travels through the venules to the veins a funneling occurs called vasodilation bringing blood back to the heart.


Premise: Who was able to secure and stabilize the state eventually and gain the support of the people?

Hypothesis: At the same time the states of Durango and Coahuila had a military confrontation over territorial claims and water rights; this altercation between the state required additional federal troops to stabilize the area.


Premise: What did Beyoncé sing at President Obama's second inauguration?

Hypothesis: Beyoncé Live concerts and a new song, "


Premise: What was Brazil's argument against the US cotton industry?

Hypothesis: While Brazil was fighting the US through the WTO's Dispute Settlement Mechanism against a heavily subsidized cotton industry, a group of four least-developed African countries – Benin, Burkina Faso, Chad, and Mali – also known as "Cotton-4" have been the leading protagonist for the reduction of US cotton subsidies through negotiations.


Premise: Is the structure of hardwood simple or complex?

Hypothesis: The structure of hardwoods is more complex.


Premise: How many troops can be maintained on a Canbera-class LHD?

Hypothesis: The Australian Defence Minister has publicly raised the possibility of procuring F-35B STOVL aircraft for the carrier, stating that it "has been on the table since day one and stating the LHD's are "STOVL capable".


Premise: A ProPublica study found that some doctors were being paid how much money for speeches?

Hypothesis: An investigation by ProPublica found that at least 21 doctors have been paid more than $500,000 for speeches and consulting by drugs manufacturers since 2009, with half of the top earners working in psychiatry, and about $2 billion in total paid to doctors for such services.


Premise: Which team became the main tenant of the arena in 2008?

Hypothesis: In 2008, the Oklahoma City Thunder became the major tenant.


Premise: What term describes the qualities of the relationship between Frédéric and Liszt?

Hypothesis: Although the two displayed great respect and admiration for each other, their friendship was uneasy and had some qualities of a love-hate relationship.


Premise: Is much of Melbourne's metropolitan area characterized as low-density sprawl or high-density sprawl?

Hypothesis: Much of metropolitan Melbourne is accordingly characterised by low density sprawl, whilst its inner city areas feature predominantly medium-density, transit-oriented urban forms.


Premise: Who is Microsofts CEO?

Hypothesis: Details also began to surface about a new application framework for Windows 8 codenamed "Jupiter", which would be used to make "immersive" applications using XAML (similarly to Windows Phone and Silverlight) that could be distributed via a new packaging system and a rumored application store.


Premise: In which music video did Beyoncé star as Jay Z's girlfriend, creating speculation about their relationship?

Hypothesis: Beyoncé appeared as Jay Z's girlfriend in the music video for the song, which would further fuel speculation of their relationship.


Premise: Tito joined which unit in Omsk?

Hypothesis: He participated in the October Revolution, and later joined a Red Guard unit in Omsk.


Premise: How many of Chopin's works still exist?

Hypothesis: All his known works involve the piano, and only a few range beyond solo piano music, as either piano concertos, songs or chamber music.


Premise: What does KUSMS stand for?

Hypothesis: A number of medical colleges including Kathmandu Medical College, Nepal Medical College, KIST Medical College, Nepal Army Institute of Health Sciences, National Academy of Medical Sciences (NAMS) and Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences (KUSMS), are also located in or around Kathmandu.


Premise: What were some Midwestern punk bands?

Hypothesis: In the mid 1970s, various American groups (some with ties to Downtown Manhattan's punk scene, including Television and Suicide) had begun expanding on the vocabulary of punk music.


Premise: Which city had the highest percentage of mosaic covered churches?

Hypothesis: The most important is the so-called "Armenian Mosaic" which was discovered in 1894 on the Street of the Prophets near Damascus Gate.


Premise: How much is the Howard Hughes Medical Institute worth?

Hypothesis: Outside the United States, another large NPO is the British Wellcome Trust, which is a "charity" by British usage.


Premise: When did the British version of cultural studies emerge?

Hypothesis: Scholars in the United Kingdom and the United States developed somewhat different versions of cultural studies after the late 1970s.


Premise: Which country has stated that it might join ASEAN?

Hypothesis: Islands[citation needed] are considered part of Southeast Asia though they are governed by Australia.[citation needed]


Premise: The president said the U.S. would be joining how many donor nations?

Hypothesis: By resuming funding to UNFPA, the US will be joining 180 other donor nations working collaboratively to reduce poverty, improve the health of women and children, prevent HIV/AIDS and provide family planning assistance to women in 154 countries."


Premise: What park is in East Tuscon?

Hypothesis: East Tucson includes Saguaro National Park East.


Premise: What other forms of writing materials were used during this period?

Hypothesis: The antiquity of this form of writing extends before the invention of paper around the year 100 in China.


Premise: How has computer science helped science as a whole?

Hypothesis: Contemporary computer science typically distinguishes itself by emphasising mathematical 'theory' in contrast to the practical emphasis of software engineering.


Premise: Which mountain marked the starting point of the Tennessee border described by the state constitution?

Hypothesis: Part of the provision also stated that the limits and jurisdiction of the state would include future land acquisition, referencing possible land trade with other states, or the acquisition of territory from west of the Mississippi River.


Premise: What is the amount of bacteria in human intestines?

Hypothesis: For example, the presence of over 1,000 bacterial species in the normal human gut flora of the intestines can contribute to gut immunity, synthesise vitamins, such as folic acid, vitamin K and biotin, convert sugars to lactic acid (see Lactobacillus), as well as fermenting complex undigestible carbohydrates.


Premise: Who were MBE'S?

Hypothesis: John Lennon justified the comparative merits of his investiture by comparing military membership in the Order: "Lots of people who complained about us receiving the MBE [status] received theirs for heroism in the war – for killing people…


Premise: What animal byproduct was imported to Plymouth in the 19th century?

Hypothesis: Some of the greatest imports to Plymouth from the Americas and Europe during the latter half of the 19th century included maize, wheat, barley, sugar cane, guano, sodium nitrate and phosphate


Premise: What percent of Ukraine's websites are in Russian?

Hypothesis: Russian is used not only on 89.8% of .ru sites, but also on 88.7% of sites with the former Soviet Union domain .su.


Premise: What does Link have to gather in order to complete each area?

Hypothesis: In order to save Hyrule, Link must first restore the Light Spirits by entering the Twilight-covered areas and, as a wolf, recover the Spirits' lost light.


Premise: In 2007 which Japenese Prime Minister said there was no proof of coercion of women to be sexual slaves?

Hypothesis: In 2007, then-Prime Minister Shinzō Abe claimed: "The fact is, there is no evidence to prove there was coercion."


Premise: Ancestors of which tribes lived in Oklahoma?

Hypothesis: Ancestors of the Wichita and Caddo lived in what is now Oklahoma.


Premise: During daytime how high can the temperatures reach?

Hypothesis: Still, it's true that winter nights can be cold as it can drop to the freezing point and even below, especially in high-elevation areas.


Premise: What wood product was produced primarily in Myanmar during British rule ?

Hypothesis: It produced 75% of the world's teak and had a highly literate population.


Premise: What does the software compare during testing against?

Hypothesis: Although testing can determine the correctness of software under the assumption of some specific hypotheses (see hierarchy of testing difficulty below), testing cannot identify all the defects within software.


Premise: Who did not capture the city of Namchonjam?

Hypothesis: On 15 October, after moderate KPA resistance, the 7th Cavalry Regiment and Charlie Company, 70th Tank Battalion captured Namchonjam city.


Premise: When is Tucson's city council general election?

Hypothesis: The top vote-earners from each party then compete at-large for their ward's seat on the November ballot.


Premise: The Kobylańska Catalogue was named for who?

Hypothesis: The present standard musicological reference for Chopin's works is the Kobylańska Catalogue (usually represented by the initials 'KK'), named for its compiler, the Polish musicologist Krystyna Kobylańska.


Premise: What happens during "laser lock"?

Hypothesis: However, if the player calibration is out of order or if the CAV disc is faulty or damaged, other problems affecting tracking accuracy can occur.


Premise: How many natives speak German?

Hypothesis: The native language of Germans is German, a West Germanic language, related to and classified alongside English and Dutch, and sharing many similarities with the North Germanic and Scandinavian languages.


Premise: What type of costumes play a central role in the Queen elections?

Hypothesis: On the evening before Lent, Carnival ends with the symbolic burning of King Momo.


Premise: What did historians say that naturalists generally thought about the differences in variations in a species?

Hypothesis: Historians have noted that naturalists had long been aware that the individuals of a species differed from one another, but had generally considered such variations to be limited and unimportant deviations from the archetype of each species, that archetype being a fixed ideal in the mind of God.


Premise: What Assemblyman playfully tried to measure Schwarzenegger's height?

Hypothesis: As Governor, Schwarzenegger engaged in a light-hearted exchange with Assemblyman Herb Wesson over their heights.


Premise: Who reported how the Aborigines were treated?

Hypothesis: A 1913 report by Sir Baldwin Spencer states that:


Premise: Where is Bir Tawil located?

Hypothesis: There are four categories of terra nullius, land that is unclaimed by any state: the small unclaimed territory of Bir Tawil between Egypt and Sudan, Antarctica, the oceans, and celestial bodies such as the Moon or Mars.


Premise: How many records of sunspots are there?

Hypothesis: By 635 Chinese astronomers had observed that the tails of comets always point away from the sun.


Premise: What stain shows better test results on Norcadia bacteria?

Hypothesis: The Gram stain, developed in 1884 by Hans Christian Gram, characterises bacteria based on the structural characteristics of their cell walls.


Premise: What was Israel's debt surplus in December 2015?

Hypothesis: Since the 1970s, Israel has received military aid from the United States, as well as economic assistance in the form of loan guarantees, which now account for roughly half of Israel's external debt.


Premise: What position at Dell did Kevin Rollins eventually attain?

Hypothesis: Bain consultant Kevin Rollins persuaded Michael Dell to pull out of these deals, believing they would be money losers in the long run.


Premise: The Java Dwipa kingdom was well-known for what?

Hypothesis: The history of the Malay-speaking world began with the advent of Indian influence, which dates back to at least the 3rd century BCE.


Premise: What is the British Navy constructing to replace their three Invincible-class carriers?

Hypothesis: Their primary aircraft complement will be made up of F-35B Lightning IIs, and their ship's company will number around 680 with the total complement rising to about 1,600 when the air group is embarked.


Premise: What was the reason the Allen brothers purchased land in 1836?

Hypothesis: In August 1836, two real estate entrepreneurs—Augustus Chapman Allen and John Kirby Allen—from New York, purchased 6,642 acres (26.88 km2) of land along Buffalo Bayou with the intent of founding a city.


Premise: What does Ganondorf crush?

Hypothesis: With Ganondorf dead, the Light Spirits not only bring Midna back to life, but restore her to her true form.


Premise: Which British jurist later made the phrase "rule of law" popular in the 1800s?

Hypothesis: The phrase can be traced back to 16th century Britain, and in the following century the Scottish theologian Samuel Rutherford used the phrase in his argument against the divine right of kings.


Premise: The former publisher of the Boston phoenix owns what Spanish newspaper?

Hypothesis: The city's growing Latino population has given rise to a number of local and regional Spanish-language newspapers.


Premise: What set of courses does someone need to take for preparation to be considered as a scholar?

Hypothesis: A typical Islamic school usually offers two courses of study: a ḥifẓ course teaching memorization of the Qur'an (the person who commits the entire Qurʼan to memory is called a ḥāfiẓ); and an ʻālim course leading the candidate to become an accepted scholar in the community.


Premise: What military advantage brought the success for the British in defending Quebec?

Hypothesis: The French staged a counteroffensive in the spring of 1760, with initial success at the Battle of Sainte-Foy, but they were unable to retake Quebec, due to British naval superiority following the battle of Neuville.


Premise: identify a major Prussian loss to the Austrians.

Hypothesis: The Russians under Zakhar Chernyshev and Pyotr Rumyantsev stormed Kolberg in Pomerania, while the Austrians captured Schweidnitz.


Premise: What did Julian try to do to Athanasius?

Hypothesis: On 23 October the people gathered about the proscribed bishop to protest against the emperor's decree; but Athanasius urged them to submit, consoling them with the promise that his absence would be of short duration.


Premise: What are fermatas?

Hypothesis: The performer and/or the conductor have a range of options for musical expression and interpretation of a scored piece, including the phrasing of melodies, the time taken during fermatas (held notes) or pauses, and the use (or choice not to use) of effects such as vibrato or glissando (these effects are possible on various stringed, brass and woodwind instruments and with the human voice).


Premise: Creole food is often what?

Hypothesis: West Indian cuisine, steamed vegetables with fresh fish is common; Creole dishes tend to be spicier.


Premise: What year was the Alaska Railroad built?

Hypothesis: Built around 1915, the Alaska Railroad (ARR) played a key role in the development of Alaska through the 20th century.


Premise: Who purchased the rights to the tantalum light filament from Siemens?

Hypothesis: General Electric bought the rights to use tantalum filaments and produced them in the US until 1913.


Premise: Once the popularity on the lectures grew, who began to attend?

Hypothesis: The work has endured and is useful to this day.


Premise: What are the Appalachian mountains called in French?

Hypothesis: ] French: les Appalaches), often called the Appalachians, are a system of mountains in eastern North America.


Premise: When was the first browser created?

Hypothesis: His browser was called WorldWideWeb and later renamed Nexus.


Premise: How did Henry the Young King die?

Hypothesis: Henry II moved in support of Richard, and Henry the Young King died from dysentery at the end of the campaign.


Premise: What results in lengthy prison sentences as well as subsequent probation, large fines, and orders to pay restitution directly to victims?

Hypothesis: Generally, most felony convictions result in lengthy prison sentences as well as subsequent probation, large fines, and orders to pay restitution directly to victims; while misdemeanors may lead to a year or less in jail and a substantial fine.


Premise: What is the spending limit for Tucson mayoral candidates to get public funding?

Hypothesis: Since 1985, both mayoral and council candidates have been eligible to receive matching public funds from the city.


Premise: Brownstone rowhouse construction is most often associated with the period beginning in 1870 and ending in what year?

Hypothesis: In contrast, New York City also has neighborhoods that are less densely populated and feature free-standing dwellings.


Premise: Who did Martha Ann Ricks present the famed Liberian coffee tree to?

Hypothesis: When President Ellen Johnson Sirleaf moved into the Executive Mansion, she reportedly had a Liberian-made quilt installed in her presidential office.


Premise: What hub is built into the host controller?

Hypothesis: One hub—built into the host controller—is the root hub.


Premise: What is the phenomenon where an organism looks like another species called?

Hypothesis: Mimicry is a related phenomenon where an organism has a similar appearance to another species.


Premise: When did the first Rajput kingdoms emerge in India?

Hypothesis: The first recorded Rajput kingdoms emerged in Rajasthan in the 6th century, and small Rajput dynasties later ruled much of northern India.


Premise: What language family do most of the languages of Italy belong to?

Hypothesis: This wide category includes:


Premise: Who awarded a teaching license in European schools?

Hypothesis: A significant difference between the ijāzat al-tadrīs and the licentia docendi was that the former was awarded by the individual scholar-teacher, while the latter was awarded by the chief official of the university, who represented the collective faculty, rather than the individual scholar-teacher.


Premise: What was the Fifth Phase of the Chinese counter initiative called?

Hypothesis: The offensive's first thrust fell upon I Corps, which fiercely resisted in the Battle of the Imjin River (22–25 April 1951) and the Battle of Kapyong (22–25 April 1951), blunting the impetus of the offensive, which was halted at the "No-name Line" north of Seoul.


Premise: What accounts for the breakdown of the relation between genome size and morphological complexity in higher eukaryotes?

Hypothesis: This phenomenon also indicates the mighty influence coming from repetitive DNA act on the genomes.


Premise: What kind of bodies to insects have?

Hypothesis: The abdomen consists of eleven segments, though in a few species of insects, these segments may be fused together or reduced in size.


Premise: How did U.S. housing and financial assets react to the housing bubble burst?

Hypothesis: This may have also contributed to the deflating of the housing bubble, as asset prices generally move inversely to interest rates, and it became riskier to speculate in housing.


Premise: Which diplomat helped gather information on the country of Anxi?

Hypothesis: These connections marked the beginning of the Silk Road trade network that extended to the Roman Empire, bringing Han items like silk to Rome and Roman goods such as glasswares to China.


Premise: Why was the People's Republic of Korea not recognized?

Hypothesis: The USAMGIK refused to recognize the provisional government of the short-lived People's Republic of Korea (PRK) because it suspected it was communist.


Premise: How much public debt did Greece have in 2011?

Hypothesis: The subsequent Great Recession and Greek government-debt crisis, a central focus of the wider European debt crisis, plunged the economy into a sharp downturn, with real GDP growth rates of −0.3% in 2008, −4.3% in 2009, −5.5% in 2010, −9.1% in 2011, −7.3% in 2012 and −3.2% in 2013.


Premise: From what area were the participants of the Pyrenees Cup competition?

Hypothesis: The contest was the most prestigious in that era.


Premise: Why is finding the first exemplar important in textual criticism?

Hypothesis: In such a situation, a key objective becomes the identification of the first exemplar before any split in the tradition.


Premise: In addition to Polish and French, what other language has numerous biogrpahies of Chopin?

Hypothesis: Chopin has figured extensively in Polish literature, both in serious critical studies of his life and music and in fictional treatments.


Premise: Where did an abortive coup occur in 1993?

Hypothesis: In October 1993, elements of the increasingly marginalised army initiated a failed coup in Misrata, while in September 1995, Islamists launched an insurgency in Benghazi, and in July 1996 an anti-Gaddafist football riot broke out in Tripoli.


Premise: If a memory is triggered by a time, which kind of memory is this?

Hypothesis: Another major way to distinguish different memory functions is whether the content to be remembered is in the past, retrospective memory, or in the future, prospective memory.


Premise: When was the idea of the Lodges for Adoption abandoned?

Hypothesis: As Freemasonry spread, continental masons began to include their ladies in Lodges of Adoption, which worked three degrees with the same names as the men's but different content.


Premise: What phases of flight will passengers be able to use electronic devices?

Hypothesis: The FAA expects many carriers to show that their planes allow passengers to safely use their devices in airplane mode, gate-to-gate, by the end of 2013.


Premise: How many nocturnes did Chopin compose?

Hypothesis: The 21 nocturnes are more structured, and of greater emotional depth, than those of Field (whom Chopin met in 1833).


Premise: Who did Rome fight in the Fourth Macedonian War?

Hypothesis: Convinced now that the Greeks (and therefore the rest of the region) would not have peace if left alone, Rome decided to establish its first permanent foothold in the Greek world, and divided the Kingdom of Macedonia into four client republics.


Premise: Which part of a tree can have vertical or horizontal variation in its specific gravity?

Hypothesis: Within an individual tree, the variation in wood density is often as great as or even greater than that between different trees (Timell 1986).


Premise: What is one of the most important aging factors in capacitors?

Hypothesis: The type of dielectric, ambient operating and storage temperatures are the most significant aging factors, while the operating voltage has a smaller effect.


Premise: How is wisdom defined?

Hypothesis: Thus, it is during the adolescence-adulthood transition that individuals acquire the type of wisdom that is associated with age.


Premise: What type of philosophy was essential to this forwarding of thought?

Hypothesis: Thus, the stage was set for the adoption of an approach to natural philosophy, based on empirical observations and experimentation of the physical universe, making possible the advent of the age of scientific inquiry that followed the Renaissance.


Premise: How many Fono members are there?

Hypothesis: There are more than 25,000 matais in the country, about 5% of whom are women.


Premise: What do Hokkein varieties retain that are no longer found in other Chinese varieties?

Hypothesis: Vowels are more-or-less similar to that of Standard Mandarin.


Premise: The Dutch Republic dominated world trade during what time?

Hypothesis: The County of Holland was the wealthiest and most urbanized region in the world.


Premise: When was Morphine and Quinine first available?

Hypothesis: The first of these were local apothecaries that expanded from their traditional role distributing botanical drugs such as morphine and quinine to wholesale manufacture in the mid 1800s.


Premise: What is a secondary sex characteristic change?

Hypothesis: The changes in secondary sex characteristics that take place during puberty are often referred to in terms of five Tanner stages, named after the British pediatrician who devised the categorization system.


Premise: What kind of tree was the Bodhi Tree?

Hypothesis: At the age of 35, he famously sat in meditation under a Ficus religiosa tree now called the Bodhi Tree in the town of Bodh Gaya and vowed not to rise before achieving enlightenment.


Premise: From what building do the two public radio stations broadcast?

Hypothesis: The Woodlands–Sugar Land metropolitan area is served by one public television station and two public radio stations.


Premise: What percent of the Bronx is multiracial?

Hypothesis: Multiracial Americans are also a sizable minority in the Bronx.


Premise: What else is navigation based on?

Hypothesis: Navigation has also been shown to be based on a combination of other abilities including the ability to detect magnetic fields (magnetoception), use visual landmarks as well as olfactory cues.


Premise: Which event precipitated the Ordovician period?

Hypothesis: During the Ordovician the southern continents were collected into a single continent called Gondwana.


Premise: What are the earliest texts of Indian/Hindu philosophy?

Hypothesis: Ancient Greek philosophers, including Parmenides and Heraclitus, wrote essays on the nature of time.


Premise: Which type of configuration is often manufactured with the leads parallel to the body of the capacitor?

Hypothesis: The leads (until bent) are usually in planes parallel to that of the flat body of the capacitor, and extend in the same direction; they are often parallel as manufactured.


Premise: What's Southampton University's radio station called?

Hypothesis: In addition, Southampton University has a radio station called SURGE, broadcasting on AM band as well as through the web.


Premise: Where did MCA's Revue Productions subsidiary rent space?

Hypothesis: MCA owned the studio lot, but not Universal Pictures, yet was increasingly influential on Universal's product.


Premise: In what year was the Order of the Garter established?

Hypothesis: The spirit of chivalry was given expression through the new (secular) type of chivalric orders; the first of these was the Order of St. George, founded by Charles I of Hungary in 1325, while the best known was probably the English Order of the Garter, founded by Edward III in 1348.


Premise: What is stored in the chloroplast?

Hypothesis: The light energy captured by chlorophyll a is initially in the form of electrons (and later a proton gradient) that's used to make molecules of ATP and NADPH which temporarily store and transport energy.


Premise: Where was Camp Cooke situated?

Hypothesis: The first U.S. Army post established in Montana was Camp Cooke on the Missouri River in 1866 to protect steamboat traffic going to Fort Benton, Montana.


Premise: Unlike modern rock radio, what sex is adult contemporary radio said to appeal to?

Hypothesis: In 1997, Mike Marino of KMXB in Las Vegas described the format as reaching "an audience that has outgrown the edgier hip-hop or alternative music but hasn't gotten old and sappy enough for the soft ACs."


Premise: Where is the hub for Air France?

Hypothesis: Charles de Gaulle Airport, located on the edge of the northern suburbs of Paris, opened to commercial traffic in 1974 and became the busiest Parisian airport in 1993.


Premise: What percentage of Islamic women were educated before the 1200s?

Hypothesis: However, al-Sakhawi and Mohammad Akram Nadwi have since found evidence of over 8,000 female scholars since the 15th century.


Premise: What is one way the city tried to combat crime?

Hypothesis: Between 2000 and 2004 an average of 478 crimes were reported each day in Mexico City; however, the actual crime rate is thought to be much higher "since most people are reluctant to report crime".


Premise: How long has the limited test system been operating?

Hypothesis: The BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS, simplified Chinese: 北斗卫星导航系统; traditional Chinese: 北斗衛星導航系統; pinyin: Běidǒu wèixīng dǎoháng xìtǒng) is a Chinese satellite navigation system.


Premise: When did American drop a nuclear bomb on Nagasaki?

Hypothesis: Three days later, on 9 August, the U.S. dropped another atomic bomb on Nagasaki, the last nuclear attack in history.


Premise: Where is the commander based out of?

Hypothesis: The commander of 1 Canadian Air Division and Canadian NORAD Region, based in Winnipeg, is responsible for the operational command and control of Air Force activities throughout Canada and worldwide.


Premise: Who led the Israelites back into Canaan during the "Exodus?"

Hypothesis: Jacob and his sons had lived in Canaan but were forced by famine to go into Egypt for four generations, lasting 430 years, until Moses, a great-great grandson of Jacob, led the Israelites back into Canaan during the "Exodus".


Premise: What did Tuvalu develop as a safe water strategy?

Hypothesis: In July 2012 a United Nations Special Rapporteur called on the Tuvalu Government to develop a national water strategy to improve access to safe drinking water and sanitation.


Premise: What class was the first to receive the Glock .40 S&W pistol?

Hypothesis: In May 1997, the FBI officially adopted the Glock .40 S&W pistol for general agent use and first issued it to New Agent Class 98-1 in October 1997.


Premise: What are homogeneous states?

Hypothesis: Whilst it is often perceived as an optimal solution for states comprising different cultural or ethnic communities, the federalist model seems to work best in largely homogeneous states such as the United States, Germany or Australia, but there is also evidence to the contrary such as in Switzerland.


Premise: A sphere shows what type of antennas radiation?

Hypothesis: The radiation pattern of an antenna is a plot of the relative field strength of the radio waves emitted by the antenna at different angles.


Premise: Which scientist argued that Darwinism was atheism?

Hypothesis: While many conservative theologians accepted evolution, Charles Hodge argued in his 1874 critique "What is Darwinism?" that "Darwinism", defined narrowly as including rejection of design, was atheism though he accepted that Asa Gray did not reject design.


Premise: What paper featured a photograph of the head coach of the Gladiators punching the commissioner of the AFL?

Hypothesis: The national media ran with the story, including a photo in USA Today.


Premise: What are large companies relying on outside organizations for?

Hypothesis: Smaller organizations, on the other hand, often focus on a specific aspect such as discovering drug candidates or developing formulations.


Premise: What are some other attractions

Hypothesis: The county has several museums; those at Bath include the American Museum in Britain, the Museum of Bath Architecture, the Herschel Museum of Astronomy, the Jane Austen Centre, and the Roman Baths.


Premise: What issues stalled the armistice talks?

Hypothesis: A major, problematic negotiation point was prisoner of war (POW) repatriation.


Premise: What is a heliometer?

Hypothesis: There is a bronze line, la


Premise: The Times greatly supported what bill in 1832 which reduced corruption and increased the electorate?

Hypothesis: In other events of the nineteenth century, The Times opposed the repeal of the Corn Laws until the number of demonstrations convinced the editorial board otherwise, and only reluctantly supported aid to victims of the Irish Potato Famine.


Premise: What party members win most state and national legislative elections?

Hypothesis: In partisan elections for the Washington State Legislature and United States Congress, nearly all elections are won by Democrats.


Premise: Whom did Nikolai Durkin say lived in a village on the Kheuveren River?

Hypothesis: Some researchers believe that the first Russian settlement in Alaska was established in the 17th century.


Premise: What is the name of the traditional Chinese alphabet?

Hypothesis: Of these the most popular is Pe̍h-ōe-jī (traditional Chinese: 白話字; simplified Chinese: 白话字;


Premise: Some schools within Buddhism discourage what type of study?

Hypothesis: Some schools of Buddhism discourage doctrinal study, and some regard it as essential practice.


Premise: How many buildings collapsed as a result of the May 27th aftershocks?

Hypothesis: On May 27, two aftershocks, one 5.2 Mw in Qingchuan County and one 5.7 Mw in Ningqiang County, Shaanxi, led to the collapse of more than 420,000 homes and injured 63 people.


Premise: What does a charging port supply?

Hypothesis: Contrary to the standard downstream port, for which current draw by a connected portable device can exceed 100 mA only after digital negotiation with the host or hub, a charging port can supply currents between 500 mA and 1.5 A without the digital negotiation.


Premise: What is the nationally set limit for exposure of asphalt in a 15 minute period?

Hypothesis: Asphalt is basically an inert material that must be heated or diluted to a point where it becomes workable for the production of materials for paving, roofing, and other applications.


Premise: How many ganglia are on each side of a thoracic segment?

Hypothesis: The thoracic segments have one ganglion on each side, which are connected into a pair, one pair per segment.


Premise: Who along with the King Edgar established the monks at the Abbey?

Hypothesis: The proven origins are that in the 960s or early 970s, Saint Dunstan, assisted by King Edgar, installed a community of Benedictine monks here.


Premise: What was BYU graduate Clayton M. Christensen known as?

Hypothesis: The University also graduated Nobel Prize winner Paul D. Boyer, as well as Philo Farnsworth (inventor of the electronic television) and Harvey Fletcher (inventor of the hearing aid).


Premise: WHich Irish newspaper has it's homebase in Cork, Ireland?

Hypothesis: One of the biggest free newspapers in the city is the Cork Independent.


Premise: Is the view of the impregnation of Mary's pregnancy the same as the one held for the birth of her first child ?

Hypothesis: Catholics believe that Mary was not the product of a virginal conception herself but was the daughter of a human father and mother, traditionally known by the names of Saint Joachim and Saint Anne.


Premise: What was the name of the French general who led the forces that attempted to regain control of Sainte-Domingue?

Hypothesis: Saint-Domingue had managed to acquire a high level of political autonomy during the Revolutionary Wars, with Toussaint Louverture installing himself as de facto dictator by 1801.


Premise: Nasser was a leader of what country?

Hypothesis: Yugoslavia had a liberal travel policy permitting foreigners to freely travel through the country and its citizens to travel worldwide, whereas it was limited by most Communist countries.


Premise: The red nucleus controls what part(s) of the body?

Hypothesis: At a higher level yet is the primary motor cortex, a strip of tissue located at the posterior edge of the frontal lobe.


Premise: What was the sale price of Marvel?

Hypothesis: As of 2008, Marvel and its major, longtime competitor DC Comics shared over 80% of the American comic-book market.


Premise: Along with exhibition and distribution, what business did the Universal Film Manufacturing Company engage in?

Hypothesis: The Universal Film Manufacturing Company was incorporated in New York on April 30, 1912.


Premise: How many public shows did he perform during the last years of his life?

Hypothesis: In his last years, he was financially supported by his admirer Jane Stirling, who also arranged for him to visit Scotland in 1848.


Premise: How many inhabitants live within Valencia's limits?

Hypothesis: The third largest city in Spain and the 24th most populous municipality in the European Union, Valencia has a population of 809,267 within its administrative limits on a land area of 134.6 km2 (52 sq mi).


Premise: Who revolted in 1824?

Hypothesis: The "Rheinische" Carnival is held in the west of Germany, mainly in the states of North Rhine-Westphalia or Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rhineland Palatinate or Rheinland-Pfalz, but also in Hessen [including Oberhessen], Bavaria and other states.


Premise: When did Beyonce begin her second world tour?

Hypothesis: In March 2009, Beyoncé embarked on the I Am...


Premise: How much did viewers have to pay for the HD1 channel?

Hypothesis: Euro1080, a division of the former and now bankrupt Belgian TV services company Alfacam, broadcast HDTV channels to break the pan-European stalemate of "no HD broadcasts mean no HD TVs bought means no HD broadcasts ..." and kick-start HDTV interest in Europe.


Premise: What does basso continuo mean?

Hypothesis: The tonalities of major and minor as means for managing dissonance and chromaticism in music took full shape.


Premise: How many lives did the Stop TB Partnership vow to save in the nine years between its start and 2015?

Hypothesis: A number of targets they have set are not likely to be achieved by 2015, mostly due to the increase in HIV-associated tuberculosis and the emergence of multiple drug-resistant tuberculosis.


Premise: What can detect stealth aircraft?

Hypothesis: Multiple transmitter radars such as those from bistatic radars and low-frequency radars are said to have the capabilities to detect stealth aircraft.


Premise: What are tropical birds preferred foods?

Hypothesis: There is evidence that this enables the migrants to obtain more of their preferred foods such as fruits.


Premise: What is the population of Jews in the United Kingdom?

Hypothesis: In Germany, the 102,000 Jews registered with the Jewish community are a slowly declining population, despite the immigration of tens of thousands of Jews from the former Soviet Union since the fall of the Berlin Wall.


Premise: What group did the men accused of high treason, including Henry Scrope and Sir Thomas Grey, lead?

Hypothesis: Prior to King Henry's departure for the Battle of Agincourt in 1415, the ringleaders of the "Southampton Plot"—Richard, Earl of Cambridge, Henry Scrope, 3rd Baron Scrope of Masham, and Sir Thomas Grey of Heton—were accused of high treason and tried at what is now the Red Lion public house in the High Street.


Premise: Marvel Comics was part of many entities having what relationship with Timely?

Hypothesis: One of these shell companies through which Timely Comics was published was named Marvel Comics by at least Marvel Mystery Comics #55 (May 1944).


Premise: Who were the other judges to leave after this season?

Hypothesis: Both judges Mariah Carey and Nicki Minaj also decided to leave after one season to focus on their music careers.


Premise: Who wrote Boyz II Men's I'll Make Love to You?

Hypothesis: By riding and contributing to nearly all of the trends, no one has exemplified the style more than Babyface, whose career thrived over 20 years as a member of the Deele (Two Occasions), a solo artist (Whip Appeal, When Can I See You), and a songwriter/producer (Toni Braxton's Breathe Again,


Premise: Who signed the Migratory Bird Hunting Stamp Act?

Hypothesis: In addition to waterfowl, it is estimated that one third of the nation's endangered species seek food and shelter in areas protected using Duck Stamp funds.[citation needed]


Premise: When attendance dropped to the Football League First Division, what else decreased?

Hypothesis: Despite significant European success during the 1970s and early 1980s, the late '80s had marked a low point for English football.


Premise: Whose plan did German armies ignore in attacking Frossard?

Hypothesis: While the French army under General MacMahon engaged the German 3rd Army at the Battle of Wörth, the German 1st Army under Steinmetz finished their advance west from Saarbrücken.


Premise: Where was the Macintosh 128K manufactured?

Hypothesis: The Macintosh was introduced by a US$1.5 million Ridley Scott television commercial, "1984".


Premise: What nation's model gives the power of the high court to the legistlature?

Hypothesis: In most nations with constitutions modelled after the Soviet Union, the legislature was given the power of being the court of last resort.


Premise: Until the mid 1900s most elevators lacked what?

Hypothesis: In general, most elevators before WWII were manually controlled by elevator operators using a rheostat connected to the motor.


Premise: What is it called when the last Imam or his unborn successor goes into concealment?

Hypothesis: Within Shia Islam (Shiism), the various sects came into being because they differed over their Imams' successions, just as the Shia - Sunni separation within Islam itself had come into being from the dispute that had arisen over the succession to Muhammad.


Premise: Mammals with smaller brains tend to be in what class in the food chain?

Hypothesis: In some mammals, food gathering appears to be related to intelligence: a deer feeding on plants has a brain smaller than a cat, which must think to outwit its prey.


Premise: Which university was Li alleging racial discrimination against?

Hypothesis: Li countered in an email, saying that his placement on the waitlist undermines Rapelye's claim.


Premise: What is an outgrowth of Smyth's movement?

Hypothesis: Smyth, convinced that his self-baptism was invalid, applied with the Mennonites for membership.


Premise: How many casualties did the Japanese suffer during Operation Ichi-Go?

Hypothesis: Japan was not any closer in defeating China after this operation, and the constant defeats the Japanese suffered in the Pacific meant that Japan never got the time and resources needed to achieve final victory over China.


Premise: Which European nationality first explored the Tennessee region?

Hypothesis: Possibly because of European diseases devastating the Indian tribes, which would have left a population vacuum, and also from expanding European settlement in the north, the Cherokee moved south from the area now called Virginia.


Premise: When was the ANZUS Pact formed?

Hypothesis: This resulted in the 1951 ANZUS Pact between Australia, New Zealand and the United States of America.


Premise: What did Bell start drawing after reading the article?

Hypothesis: Based on information gained from that article he began to sketch concepts of what is now called a hydrofoil boat.


Premise: Who said that 9/11 drew a line between 'the civil and the savage'?

Hypothesis: Because the actions involved in the "war on terrorism" are diffuse, and the criteria for inclusion are unclear, political theorist Richard Jackson has argued that "the 'war on terrorism' therefore, is simultaneously a set of actual practices—wars, covert operations, agencies, and institutions—and an accompanying series of assumptions, beliefs, justifications, and narratives—it is an entire language or discourse."


Premise: Besides sprectrum of activity and chemical structure, how can antibacterial antibiotics classified?

Hypothesis: Antibacterial antibiotics are commonly classified based on their mechanism of action, chemical structure, or spectrum of activity.


Premise: Is asthma worst during the day or at night time?

Hypothesis: Sputum may be produced from the lung by coughing but is often hard to bring up.


Premise: What event prompted the burning of the US embassy in Libya?

Hypothesis: In 1979, the U.S. placed Libya on its list of "State Sponsors of Terrorism", while at the end of the year a demonstration torched the U.S. embassy in Tripoli in solidarity with the perpetrators of the Iran hostage crisis.


Premise: What did most Prussians fall under?

Hypothesis: The casualties were horrible, especially for the attacking Prussian forces.


Premise: What did the studies show there was a lack of understanding of by the population?

Hypothesis: Among these problems are the lack of information about food choices, a lack of understanding of nutritional information and its application to individual circumstances, limited or difficult access to healthful foods, and a range of cultural influences and socioeconomic constraints such as low levels of education and high levels of poverty that decrease opportunities for healthful eating and living.


Premise: What activity led to Greece having some of the earliest Stone Age settlements?

Hypothesis: Neolithic settlements in Greece, dating from the 7th millennium BC, are the oldest in Europe by several centuries, as Greece lies on the route via which farming spread from the Near East to Europe.


Premise: When did the popularity of a German identity arise?

Hypothesis: The event of the Protestant Reformation and the politics that ensued has been cited as the origins of German identity that arose in response to the spread of a common German language and literature.


Premise: According to opponents of the death penalty, what does the death penalty cheapen?

Hypothesis: Opponents argue that the death penalty is not an effective means of deterring crime, risks the execution of the innocent, is unnecessarily barbaric in nature, cheapens human life, and puts a government on the same base moral level as those criminals involved in murder.


Premise: What did the Greeks do that made it possible for the expansion and growth of the opposite of the Eastern Civilization ?

Hypothesis: The Classical period is also described as the "Golden Age" of Greek civilization, and its art, philosophy, architecture and literature would be instrumental in the formation and development of Western culture.


Premise: When did Thomas à Kempis die?

Hypothesis: Mystics such as Meister Eckhart (d. 1327) and Thomas à Kempis (d. 1471) wrote works that taught the laity to focus on their inner spiritual life, which laid the groundwork for the Protestant Reformation.


Premise: How much were CRA loan commitments between 1994 and 2007?

Hypothesis: Critics also point out that publicly announced CRA loan commitments were massive, totaling $4.5 trillion in the years between 1994 and 2007.


Premise: On what date did BBC return to the air after World War II?

Hypothesis: BBC Television returned on 7 June 1946 at 15:00.


Premise: Who did Kerry say tried to stop his campaign?

Hypothesis: Subsequently released "Watergate" Oval Office tape recordings of the Nixon White House showed that defeating Kerry's candidacy had attracted the personal attention of President Nixon.


Premise: The inability to compete with multinational firms led to what for workers?

Hypothesis: Overenthusiastic in building a “world-class” industrial city, the government also made many disastrous mistakes during development, such as spending hundreds of millions of yuan to mine for non-existent coal, resulting in negative economic growth in the late 1960s.


Premise: When did the Grand Orient d'italia expel Licio Gelli and revoked the charter of P2?

Hypothesis: However, by this time the lodge was operating independently and irregularly, as the Grand Orient had revoked its charter and expelled Gelli in 1976.


Premise: When did the Premier League hold its first season?

Hypothesis: The league held its first season in 1992–93 and was originally composed of 22 clubs.


Premise: The Southminster Presbyterian Church in Pittsburg has partnerships with churches in which two countries?

Hypothesis: Also the Southminster Presbyterian Church, located near Pittsburgh, has partnerships with churches in Malawi and Kenya.


Premise: Which is the most developed and well known of the Hindu schools?

Hypothesis: The Vedānta school built upon the teachings of the Upanishads and Brahma Sutras from the first millennium BCE and is the most developed and well-known of the Hindu schools.


Premise: In what country other than the U.S. did Bell try to patent his telegraph?

Hypothesis: In 1875, Bell developed an acoustic telegraph and drew up a patent application for it.


Premise: What policy statement has almost all proffesionals applied to their practices?

Hypothesis: These include the American Psychiatric Association, American Psychological Association, American Counseling Association, National Association of Social Workers in the USA, the Royal College of Psychiatrists, and the Australian Psychological Society.


Premise: What are angiosperms?

Hypothesis: All gymnosperms and many angiosperms are woody plants.


Premise: To whom did Napoleon send a letter detailing his plans for the campaign with Prussia?

Hypothesis: In a notable letter to Marshal Soult detailing the plan for the campaign, Napoleon described the essential features of Napoleonic warfare and introduced the phrase le bataillon-carré ('square battalion').


Premise: Consent by all parties to a treaty to a particular interpretation of the treaty has what legal effect?

Hypothesis: No one party to a treaty can impose its particular interpretation of the treaty upon the other parties.


Premise: What parts of West Bronx are more affluent?

Hypothesis: The western parts of the Bronx are hillier and are dominated by a series of parallel ridges, running south to north.


Premise: Von Neumann's abstract treatment allowed him to work on what foundational issue?

Hypothesis: Bub also suggests that von Neumann was aware of this limitation, and that von Neumann did not claim that his proof completely ruled out hidden variable theories.


Premise: What is the foundation of Samadhi/Bhavana?

Hypothesis: Śīla is the foundation of Samādhi/Bhāvana (Meditative cultivation) or mind cultivation.


Premise: 181st Street runs through what neighborhood?

Hypothesis: It runs from the Washington Bridge in the east, to the Henry Hudson Parkway in the west, near the George Washington Bridge and the Hudson River.


Premise: What sorts of films did American Movie Classics primarily show?

Hypothesis: The network originally served as a competitor to AMC – which at the time was known as "American Movie Classics" and maintained a virtually identical format to TCM, as both networks largely focused on films released prior to 1970 and aired them in an uncut, uncolorized, and commercial-free format.


Premise: Are lignified cells able to continue dividing?

Hypothesis: Unlike animals, many plant cells, particularly those of the parenchyma, do not terminally differentiate, remaining totipotent with the ability to give rise to a new individual plant.


Premise: Which two companies produced E6 films meant for "pushing"?

Hypothesis: Kodak and Fuji also marketed E6 films designed for pushing (hence the "P" prefix), such as Ektachrome P800/1600 and Fujichrome P1600, both with a base speed of ISO 400.


Premise: What is considered pure and used as a ritual cloth?

Hypothesis: The well-known woven object is the shawl, ranging from fine pashmina to the coarse desar.


Premise: What year will the game release a high-definition port for the Wii U console?

Hypothesis: At the time of its release, Twilight Princess was considered the greatest entry in the Zelda series by many critics, including writers for 1UP.com, Computer and Video Games, Electronic Gaming Monthly, Game Informer, GamesRadar, IGN, and The Washington Post.


Premise: For what reason are hydraulic elevators not powered by the standard emergency system?

Hypothesis: Typically, due to the high current draw when starting the pump motor, hydraulic elevators are not run using standard emergency power systems.


Premise: Where had the Slavs settled by the end of the 6th century?

Hypothesis: Around the 6th century, Slavs appeared on Byzantine borders in great numbers.[page needed]


Premise: What people were discovered by early settlers of Florida

Hypothesis: Very soon, 'many smokes' appeared 'along the whole coast', billowing against the sky, when the Native ancestors of the Seminole spotted the newcomers and spread the alarm by signal fires".


Premise: In what decade did the LEAA conduct their investigation of crime and DST?

Hypothesis: However, the LEAA did not filter out other factors, and it examined only two cities and found crime reductions only in one and only in some crime categories; the DOT decided it was "impossible to conclude with any confidence that comparable benefits would be found nationwide".


Premise: When did Musharraf give an anti-Islamism speech?

Hypothesis: He stated that his government was committed to rooting out extremism and made it clear that the banned militant organizations would not be allowed to resurface under any new name.


Premise: What was it's total population back in 1900?

Hypothesis: The population of the rest of the province including the City and Naval Station of nearby Ferrol and Santiago de Compostela was 653,556.


Premise: Which decade in history was officially called the "Decade of the Brain"?

Hypothesis: In the United States, the 1990s were officially designated as the "Decade of the Brain" to commemorate advances made in brain research, and to promote funding for such research.


Premise: What console eventually passed the 360 in total sales?

Hypothesis: In the US, the Xbox 360 was the leader in current-generation home console sales until June 2008, when it was surpassed by the Wii.


Premise: What is insufficient to establish a direct origin from ancient festivals to Carnival?

Hypothesis: No complete accounts of Saturnalia survive and the shared features of feasting, role reversals, temporary social equality, masks and permitted rule-breaking do not necessarily constitute a coherent festival or link these festivals.


Premise: Thomas Kuhn used conceptual systems and what other term to define the history of science?

Hypothesis: From the 18th century through late 20th century, the history of science, especially of the physical and biological sciences, was often presented in a progressive narrative in which true theories replaced false beliefs.


Premise: What is the international calling code for Saint Helena?

Hypothesis: Saint Helena has the international calling code +290 which, since 2006, Tristan da Cunha shares.


Premise: What is the current name of the building in St. Barts that serves as town hall?

Hypothesis: The Hotel de Ville, which was the town hall, is now the Hotel de la Collectivité.


Premise: What nationality is Charles Aznavour?

Hypothesis: Ruben Hakobyan (Ruben Sasuntsi) is a well recognized Armenian ethnographic and patriotic folk singer who has achieved widespread national recognition due to his devotion to Armenian folk music and exceptional talent.


Premise: A surge in hormone production triggers a number of physical changes during what stage of life?

Hypothesis: Puberty occurs through a long process and begins with a surge in hormone production, which in turn causes a number of physical changes.


Premise: In what year did Alaskan Statehood gain momentum following a territorial referendum?

Hypothesis: Statehood for Alaska was an important cause of James Wickersham early in his tenure as a congressional delegate.


Premise: What did Alan Blumlein event?

Hypothesis: The ultimately dominant "45/45" stereophonic record system was invented by Alan Blumlein of EMI in 1931 and patented the same year.


Premise: Who won the last election at Reichstag?

Hypothesis: The movement started with the first election for the Reichstag; those elected were called "les députés protestataires", and until the fall of Bismarck in 1890, they were the only deputies elected by the Alsatians to the German parliament demanding the return of those territories to France.


Premise: Along with romantic and sexual relationships, family and work, what do soft adult contemporary songs sometimes discuss?

Hypothesis: Soft AC, which has never minded keeping songs in high rotation literally for years in some cases, does not appear necessarily to be facing similar pressures to expand its format.


Premise: What contributed to the long standing traditions?

Hypothesis: Concerning the early Polish tribes, geography contributed to long-standing traditions.


Premise: The Megali Idea was actively pursued by whom?

Hypothesis: The idea of enosis was historically part of the Megali Idea, a greater political ambition of a Greek state encompassing the territories with Greek inhabitants in the former Ottoman Empire, including Cyprus and Asia Minor with a capital in Constantinople, and was actively pursued by the Cypriot Orthodox Church, which had its members educated in Greece.


Premise: What connects continuous symmetries to conserved quantities?

Hypothesis: Lie groups are of fundamental importance in modern physics: Noether's theorem links continuous symmetries to conserved quantities.


Premise: About what temperature is asphalt shipped?

Hypothesis: Sometimes diesel oil or kerosene are mixed in before shipping to retain liquidity; upon delivery, these lighter materials are separated out of the mixture.


Premise: As an example, whose status was downgraded after the civil war?

Hypothesis: After the Civil War, racial segregation forced African Americans to share more of a common lot in society than they might have given widely varying ancestry, educational and economic levels.


Premise: Where can the most superb example of Umayyad mosaic floor paneling?

Hypothesis: They cover much of the floor of a finely decorated building that probably served as the palace of a local governor.


Premise: Where were the 2010 Winter Olympics held?

Hypothesis: Bern was a candidate to host the 2010 Winter Olympics, but withdrew its bid in September 2002 after a referendum was passed that showed that the bid was not supported by locals.


Premise: Which part of Sichuan has the worst weather and subjected to natural disasters?

Hypothesis: The majority of the province's population is Han Chinese, who are found scattered throughout the region with the exception of the far western areas.


Premise: Who runs Yale's residential colleges?

Hypothesis: Yale's residential college system was established in 1933 by Edward S. Harkness, who admired the social intimacy of Oxford and Cambridge and donated significant funds to found similar colleges at Yale and Harvard.