Premise: d'Alembert contrasted the "truly enlightened public" with whom?

Hypothesis: Enlightenment thinkers frequently contrasted their conception of the "public" with that of the people: Condorcet contrasted "opinion" with populace, Marmontel "the opinion of men of letters" with "the opinion of the multitude," and d'Alembert the "truly enlightened public" with "the blind and noisy multitude".


Premise: Who swings sticks or flags to drive game out?

Hypothesis: Shooting as practised in Britain, as opposed to traditional hunting, requires little questing for game—around thirty-five million birds are released onto shooting estates every year, some having been factory farmed.


Premise: What was Buckingham House known as when Queen Charlotte resided there?

Hypothesis: Originally known as Buckingham House, the building at the core of today's palace was a large townhouse built for the Duke of Buckingham in 1703 on a site that had been in private ownership for at least 150 years.


Premise: How many computers were connected to the internet in 1988?

Hypothesis: In 1988, only 60,000 computers were connected to the Internet, and most were mainframes, minicomputers and professional workstations.


Premise: Why did MTV ban the video for Justify My Love?

Hypothesis: The video was deemed too sexually explicit for MTV and was banned from the network.


Premise: Instead of Anglican, what were the churches most often supported in New York and New Jersey?

Hypothesis: The Duke of York had required that every community in his new lands of New York and New Jersey support some church, but this was more often Dutch Reformed, Quaker or Presbyterian, than Anglican.


Premise: What is their gross domestic product status?

Hypothesis: Only 14% of the population speaks Portuguese, established as the official language in the colonial period.


Premise: a larger three-byte SPLIT token with a seven-bit hub number, 12 bits of control flags, and a five-bit CRC were created to do what?

Hypothesis: This is used to perform split transactions.


Premise: What is the earliest decade of music typically featured on the rhythmic oldies format?

Hypothesis: A more elaborate form of urban AC is the rhythmic oldies format, which focuses primarily on "old school" R&B and soul hits from the 1960s to the 1990s, including Motown and disco hits.


Premise: What codecs are supported for 360 streaming from uShare?

Hypothesis: This is possible with video files up to HD-resolution and with several codecs (MPEG-2, MPEG-4, WMV) and container formats (WMV, MOV, TS).


Premise: To whom was Messi's goal in the first leg of the Copa del Rey compared?

Hypothesis: They took part in the 2006 FIFA Club World Cup, but were beaten by a late goal in the final against Brazilian side Internacional.


Premise: Who was the adversary of Zeus in the titanomachy?

Hypothesis: The earth deity had power over the ghostly world, and it is believed that she was the deity behind the oracle.


Premise: In 1978, what famous attacks occured at Northwestern?

Hypothesis: In 1978, the first and second Unabomber attacks occurred at Northwestern University.


Premise: When were low voltage electrolytic capacitors with porous carbon electrodes invented?

Hypothesis: He believed that the energy was stored as a charge in the carbon pores used in his capacitor as in the pores of the etched foils of electrolytic capacitors.


Premise: What did not exist at the time during which Micronesians arrived at the Marshall Islands?

Hypothesis: Micronesians settled the Marshall Islands in the 2nd millennium BC, but there are no historical or oral records of that period.


Premise: Who referred St. John's as St. "the principal prime and chief lot in all the whole country" ?

Hypothesis: In 1627, William Payne, called St. John's "the principal prime and chief lot in all the whole country".


Premise: What native people lived in the San Diego area before the Europeans arrived?

Hypothesis: Historically home to the Kumeyaay people, San Diego was the first site visited by Europeans on what is now the West Coast of the United States.


Premise: Do tidewater glaciers calve above or below sea level?

Hypothesis: Most tidewater glaciers calve above sea level, which often results in a tremendous impact as the iceberg strikes the water.


Premise: What size currency are the new smaller notes similar to?

Hypothesis: When the current, smaller sized U.S. currency was introduced it was referred to as Philippine-sized currency because the Philippines had previously adopted the same size for its legal currency.


Premise: What state was in a conflict with Eastern Wu, and Shu Han?

Hypothesis: This formally ended the Han dynasty and initiated an age of conflict between three states: Cao Wei, Eastern Wu, and Shu Han.


Premise: What is the aim of reinvent the toilet

Hypothesis: It was complemented by a program called "Grand Challenges Explorations" (2011 to 2013 with some follow-up grants reaching until 2015) which involved grants of US$100,000 each in the first round.


Premise: What theory states that space expanded and the universe cooled too rapidly for hydrogen to completely fuse into heavier elements?

Hypothesis: The nuclear fusion of hydrogen in the Sun also releases another store of potential energy which was created at the time of the Big Bang.


Premise: Where was Bell buried?

Hypothesis: He was survived by his wife Mabel, his two daughters, Elsie May and Marian, and nine of his grandchildren.


Premise: Which country did Hitler align Germany with?

Hypothesis: The Nazi regime under Adolf Hitler came to power in 1933, and along with Mussolini's Italy sought to gain control of the continent by the Second World War.


Premise: How many acres of land does Gateway Nation Recreation contain?

Hypothesis: Also in Queens, the park includes a significant portion of the western Rockaway Peninsula, most notably Jacob Riis Park and Fort Tilden.


Premise: Who did Chopin contract with for publishing his music?

Hypothesis: Chopin's music soon found success with publishers, and in 1833 he contracted with Maurice Schlesinger, who arranged for it to be published not only in France but, through his family connections, also in Germany and England.


Premise: What country is the game chuck-guk from?

Hypothesis: As with pre-codified "mob football", the antecedent of all modern football codes, these three games involved more handling the ball than kicking. Non-competitive games included kemari in Japan, chuk-guk in Korea and woggabaliri in Australia.


Premise: What does Hegel mean by "object"?

Hypothesis: In Hegel's words, "The object is revealed to it [to "subject"] by [as] something alien, and it does not recognize itself.


Premise: What are the two most prominent theatres in Nanjing?

Hypothesis: The major theatres include the People's Convention Hall and the Nanjing Arts and Culture Center.


Premise: Edward Burne-Jones is noted for creating mosaics in what century?

Hypothesis: A modern example of mosaic is the Museum of Natural History station of the New York City Subway (there are many such works of art scattered throughout the New York City subway system, though many IND stations are usually designed with bland mosaics.)


Premise: During what century did the Russian government claim that Ukrainian was a Russian dialect?

Hypothesis: The differences were few and caused by the conquest of western Ukraine by the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth.


Premise: Who ignored Lord Raglan's advice to advance?

Hypothesis: The local commanders ignored the demands, leading to the British aide-de-camp personally delivering a quickly written and confusing order to attack the artillery.


Premise: What band supports Beyonce in her tours?

Hypothesis: The band have supported Beyoncé in most subsequent live performances, including her 2007 concert tour The Beyoncé Experience, 2009–2010 I Am... World Tour and 2013–2014 The Mrs. Carter Show World Tour.


Premise: In kilometers, how long was the Plymouth Sound Breakwater?

Hypothesis: The 1-mile-long (2 km) Breakwater in Plymouth Sound was designed by John Rennie in order to protect the fleet moving in and out of Devonport; work started in 1812.


Premise: How many mountain ranges is Tuscon surrounded by?

Hypothesis: The highest point in the area is Mount Wrightson, found in the Santa Rita Mountains at 9,453 ft (2,881 m) above sea level.


Premise: What individual is the biggest shareholder on the Arsenal board?

Hypothesis: The largest shareholder on the Arsenal board is American sports tycoon Stan Kroenke.


Premise: When was the abbey's annual income £2400–2800?

Hypothesis: In 1535, the abbey's annual income of £2400–2800[citation needed]


Premise: Ebreo is an Italian word derivation of what word?

Hypothesis: , "Jude" in German, "judeu" in Portuguese, "juif" in French, "jøde" in Danish and Norwegian, "judío" in Spanish, "jood" in Dutch, etc., but derivations of the word "Hebrew" are also in use to describe a Jew, e.g., in Italian (Ebreo), in Persian ("Ebri/Ebrani" (Persian: عبری/عبرانی)) and Russian (Еврей, Yevrey).


Premise: What may be invoked as grounds for permanently terminating a treaty?

Hypothesis: A material breach may also be invoked as grounds for permanently terminating the treaty itself.


Premise: What was the first self-sustained nuclear chain reaction created by human beings called?

Hypothesis: Working in a lab below the stands of Stagg Field at the University of Chicago, the team created the conditions needed for such a reaction by piling together 400 short tons (360 metric tons) of graphite, 58 short tons (53 metric tons) of uranium oxide, and six short tons (5.5 metric tons) of uranium metal, a majority of which was supplied by Westinghouse Lamp Plant in a makeshift production process.


Premise: What year was Kanye born?

Hypothesis: Kanye Omari West (/ˈkɑːnjeɪ/; born June 8, 1977) is an American hip hop recording artist, record producer, rapper, fashion designer, and entrepreneur.


Premise: How did Alexander Macfarlane summarize the relationship between different methods in "A Treatise on Algebra" in his review?

Hypothesis: In a separate review, G. B. Mathews wrote, "It possesses a unity of design which is really remarkable, considering the variety of its themes."


Premise: What became an issue for the working child?

Hypothesis: With such a high percentage of children working, the rising of illiteracy, and the lack of a formal education became a widespread issue for many children who worked to provide for their families.


Premise: When was the winner announced?

Hypothesis: David Cook was announced the winner on May 21, 2008, the first rocker to win the show.


Premise: Who created the Type Delineator?

Hypothesis: The work of David Kolb and Anthony Gregorc's Type Delineator follows a similar but more simplified approach.


Premise: When could GameCube owners purchase Twilight Princess?

Hypothesis: The GameCube version was released worldwide in December 2006.[b]


Premise: What company helped in the creation of community service videoconferencing?

Hypothesis: Over the next 15 years, Project DIANE (Diversified Information and Assistance Network) grew to utilize a variety of videoconferencing platforms to create a multi-state cooperative public service and distance education network consisting of several hundred schools, neighborhood centers, libraries, science museums, zoos and parks, public assistance centers, and other community oriented organizations.


Premise: Which person  was the most influential in beginning the movement with is three dimensional forms?

Hypothesis: A primary influence that led to Cubism was the representation of three-dimensional form in the late works of Paul Cézanne.


Premise: How many feet high are the mountains from which the Bagmati flows?

Hypothesis: The mountains from where these rivers originate are in the elevation range of 1,500–3,000 metres (4,900–9,800 ft), and have passes which provide access to and from Kathmandu and its valley.


Premise: When did Sheptycki write about police cooperation?

Hypothesis: A notable exception is James Sheptycki's study of police cooperation in the English Channel region (2002), which provides a systematic content analysis of information exchange files and a description of how these transnational information and intelligence exchanges are transformed into police case-work.


Premise: Where did Sir Henry Norman travel in 1894

Hypothesis: Mrs. Norman, a writer herself, wrote glowing letters of the home and person of Mme.


Premise: How long did it take for Myanmar to recover from the collapse of it's first kingdom ?

Hypothesis: In the west, a politically fragmented Arakan was under competing influences of its stronger neighbours until the Kingdom of Mrauk U unified the Arakan coastline for the first time in 1437.


Premise: Who takes care of roads and sanitation in Cork?

Hypothesis: While local government in Ireland has limited powers in comparison with other countries, the council has responsibility for planning, roads, sanitation, libraries, street lighting, parks, and a number of other important functions.


Premise: Development in the wood manufacturing industry include using lignin to make what substance?

Hypothesis: As scientists and engineers further learn and develop new techniques to extract various components from wood, or alternatively to modify wood, for example by adding components to wood, new more advanced products will appear on the marketplace.


Premise: Along which river did they hunt bison?

Hypothesis: When the Spanish explorers reached this area they found their descendants, Suma and Manso tribes.


Premise: When did the first shipment of British convicts leave for Australia?

Hypothesis: The western coast of Australia had been discovered for Europeans by the Dutch explorer Willem Jansz in 1606 and was later named New Holland by the Dutch East India Company, but there was no attempt to colonise it.


Premise: Where does most of the Bangladeshi population in Detroit live?

Hypothesis: A portion of Detroit next to eastern Hamtramck includes Bangladeshi Americans, Indian Americans, and Pakistani Americans; nearly all of the Bangladeshi population in Detroit lives in that area.


Premise: What percentage of high-density penetrators is not made up of depleted uranium?

Hypothesis: The major application of uranium in the military sector is in high-density penetrators.


Premise: Who was Ali ibn Abi Talib?

Hypothesis: Shia on the other hand believe that the true political as well as religious successor is Ali ibn Abi Talib, husband of the Prophet's daughter Fatimah (designated by the Prophet).


Premise: Where is Camp Lejeune located?

Hypothesis: Located in Jacksonville, Marine Corps Base Camp Lejeune, combined with nearby bases Marine Corps Air Station (MCAS)


Premise: How many international tourists visited Greece in 2013?

Hypothesis: With 18 million international tourists in 2013, Greece was the 7th most visited country in the European Union and 16th in the world.


Premise: What are there 10 million of each year at the airport?

Hypothesis: The airport authority tripled the size of its Terminal 2 (formerly Terminal C) in January 2011.


Premise: When dd the Russo-Japanese war take place?

Hypothesis: Four years into the 20th century saw the Russo-Japanese War with the Battle of Port Arthur establishing the Empire of Japan as a world power.


Premise: What is the purpose of charms?

Hypothesis: Aside from the removal of the Start button and the replacement of the Aero Glass theme with a flatter and solid-colored design, the desktop interface on Windows 8 is similar to that of Windows 7.


Premise: Which street has its third section between Eighth Avenue and Tenth Avenue?

Hypothesis: 13th Street is in three parts.


Premise: How far back does Chapter One of On the Origin of Species go in its coverage of animal and plant species?

Hypothesis: Chapter I covers animal husbandry and plant breeding, going back to ancient Egypt.


Premise: How many miles of hidden tunnel were on the island?

Hypothesis: From early 1944 until the days leading up to the invasion, Kuribayashi transformed the island into a massive network of bunkers, hidden guns, and 11 mi (18 km) of underground tunnels.


Premise: What happened to the Slavic people of the Baltic?

Hypothesis: During the wars waged in the Baltic by the Catholic German Teutonic Knights; the lands inhabited by the ethnic group of the Old Prussians (the current reference to the people known then simply as the "Prussians"), were conquered by the Germans.


Premise: In classical electrodynamics, a charge moving in a circle should do what?

Hypothesis: If that charge were to be an electron orbiting a nucleus, the radiation would cause it to lose energy and spiral down into the nucleus.


Premise: The MGM/UA-Turner deal concerned MGM films released prior to what date?

Hypothesis: After the library was acquired, MGM/UA signed a deal with Turner to continue distributing the pre-May 1986 MGM and to begin distributing the pre-1950 Warner Bros. film libraries for video release (the rest of the library went to Turner Home Entertainment).


Premise: Philip II used a dense military formation called what?

Hypothesis: Hellenistic warfare was a continuation of the military developments of Iphicrates and Philip II of Macedon, particularly his use of the Macedonian Phalanx, a dense formation of pikemen, in conjunction with heavy companion cavalry.


Premise: Jewish law includes which principle used to justify copyright?

Hypothesis: In 500 BCE, the government of the Greek state of Sybaris offered one year's patent "to all who should discover any new refinement in luxury".


Premise: What international organization partnered with Malaysia's Ministry of Education in 1969?

Hypothesis: The amount of RM24.5 million is used to fund the pioneer of Politeknik Ungku Omar located in Ipoh, Perak from the United Nations Development Program (UNDP).


Premise: Where is John Tyler Community College located?

Hypothesis: Several community colleges are found in the metro area, including J. Sargeant Reynolds Community College and John Tyler Community College (Chesterfield County).


Premise: Which German minister criticized comprehensive schools' ability to help students succeed?

Hypothesis: Barbara Sommer (Christian Democratic Union), Education Minister of North Rhine-Westphalia, commented that: Looking at the performance gap between comprehensives and the Gymnasium [at the Abitur central examination]


Premise: What was one of the more dominant scripts during the time?

Hypothesis: Although mature clerical script, also called 八分 (bāfēn) script, was dominant at that time, an early type of cursive script was also in use by the Han by at least as early as 24 BC (during the very late Western Han period),[b] incorporating cursive forms popular at the time, well as many elements from the vulgar writing of the Warring State of Qin.


Premise: When was the first Population and Housing Census in Namibia?

Hypothesis: After independence the first Population and Housing Census was carried out in 1991, further rounds followed in 2001 and 2011.


Premise: Why did the mail stagecoaches stop running?

Hypothesis: Tucson became a part of the United States of America, although the American military did not formally take over control until March 1856.


Premise: How do receive information from the physical world?

Hypothesis: But no one can deny that mind is the first and most direct thing in our experience, and all else is remote inference."


Premise: When did Dong Zhuo die?

Hypothesis: General Dong Zhuo (d. 192 AD) found the young emperor and his brother wandering in the countryside.


Premise: How many group elements exist if p=5?

Hypothesis: For example, if p = 5, there are four group elements 1, 2, 3, 4.


Premise: Arabian nights was originally based upon what Persian work?

Hypothesis: All Arabian fantasy tales tend to be called Arabian Nights stories when translated into English, regardless of whether they appear in The Book of One Thousand and One Nights or not.


Premise: What organization recognizes the sovereignty of the Republic of Cyprus?

Hypothesis: The United Nations recognises the sovereignty of the Republic of Cyprus over the entire island of Cyprus.


Premise: What did he say that the brain would decide?

Hypothesis: He claimed that an observing subject can only know material objects through the mediation of the brain and its particular organization.


Premise: What comprises the standard pronunciation of Catalan?

Hypothesis: It is spoken in the densely populated regions of the Barcelona province, the eastern half of the province of Tarragona, and most of the province of Girona.


Premise: What is there no official provision for?

Hypothesis: Encoder / decoder overall delay is not defined, which means there is no official provision for gapless playback.


Premise: What share of Arab productions have come from Egypt?

Hypothesis: Actors from all over the Arab World seek to appear in the Egyptian cinema for the sake of fame.


Premise: How much of Greece's energy is targeted to be from renewable sources by 2020?

Hypothesis: In line with the European Commission's Directive on Renewable Energy, Greece aims to get 18% of its energy from renewable sources by 2020.


Premise: How many clubs entered in 2007-08?

Hypothesis: In 2005–06 this increased to 674 entrants, in 2006–07 to 687, in 2007–08 to 731 clubs, and for the 2008–09 and 2009–10 competitions it reached 762.


Premise: When did Finland join the Russian Empire?

Hypothesis: As the Grand Duchy of Finland was part of the Russian Empire from 1809 to 1918, a number of Russian speakers have remained in Finland.


Premise: How were the Portuguese expelled from Myanmar?

Hypothesis: The dynasty regrouped and defeated the Portuguese in 1613 and Siam in 1614.


Premise: When was Blackpool added to the county?

Hypothesis: The borders around the Manchester area were particularly complicated, with narrow protrusions of the administrative county between the county boroughs – Lees urban district formed a detached part of the administrative county, between Oldham county borough and the West Riding of Yorkshire.


Premise: What is the reason for the dramatic drop in visits to The Times website?

Hypothesis: Visits to the websites have decreased by 87% since the paywall was introduced, from 21 million unique users per month to 2.7 million.


Premise: How many miles is Guam across?

Hypothesis: The island experiences occasional earthquakes due to its location on the western edge of the Pacific Plate and near the Philippine Sea Plate.


Premise: How many active members were there in 1975?

Hypothesis: Watch Tower Society literature did not state dogmatically that 1975 would definitely mark the end, but in 1980 the Watch Tower Society admitted its responsibility in building up hope regarding that year.


Premise: Air-dried wood keeps up to what percentage of the water in its cell walls?

Hypothesis: Wood that is thoroughly air-dried retains 8–16% of the water in the cell walls, and none, or practically none, in the other forms.


Premise: What was John Shakespeare's profession?

Hypothesis: " This was to make alehouses easily visible to passing inspectors, borough ale tasters, who would decide the quality of the ale they provided.


Premise: Who is the designer of the Taragaon Museum?

Hypothesis: The Museum is within a short walk from the Boudhnath stupa, which itself can be seen from the Museum tower.


Premise: What did a drought in 2011 cause on Funafuti?

Hypothesis: However, in 2011 a weak La Niña effect caused a drought by cooling the surface of the sea around Tuvalu.


Premise: What was the RSFSR government called starting in 1946?

Hypothesis: The Government was known officially as the Council of People's Commissars (1917–1946), Council of Ministers (1946–1978) and Council of Ministers–Government (1978–1991).


Premise: In which year did Martin Luther King Jr. give a speech in Detroit?

Hypothesis: In June 1963, Rev. Martin Luther King, Jr. gave a major speech in Detroit that foreshadowed his "I Have a Dream" speech in Washington, D.C. two months later.


Premise: Where are affiliates of HNIC aired?

Hypothesis: This was required by the CRTC as Rogers exercises editorial control and sells all advertising time during the HNIC broadcasts, even though the CBC bug and promos for other CBC Television programs appear throughout HNIC.


Premise: In what year did the Sweet Adelines become an international group?

Hypothesis: In 1945, the first formal women's barbershop organization, Sweet Adelines, was formed.


Premise: How do NPOs change their by-laws, if they had to apply for incorporation by Letters Permit, in Canada?

Hypothesis: Federal, and in some provinces (such as Ontario), incorporation is by way of Letters Patent, and any change to the Letters Patent (even a simple name change) requires formal approval by the appropriate government, as do by-law changes.


Premise: How many people died over the course of four days?

Hypothesis: Despite an estimated loss of 300 lives over the course of four days, nonviolent protesters continued to return to Bamako each day demanding the resignation of the dictatorial president and the implementation of democratic policies.


Premise: What hazardous geologic area does Seattle inhabit?

Hypothesis: Due to its location in the Pacific Ring of Fire, Seattle is in a major earthquake zone.


Premise: What compression is usually performed with even more specialized techniques?

Hypothesis: Voice compression is used in internet telephony, for example, audio compression is used for CD ripping and is decoded by the audio players.


Premise: What country borders CAR in the North?

Hypothesis: It is bordered by Chad to the north, Sudan to the northeast, South Sudan to the east, the Democratic Republic of the Congo and the Republic of the Congo to the south and Cameroon to the west.


Premise: What do annelids use jaws for?

Hypothesis: On the other hand, some predatory polychaetes have neither jaws nor eversible pharynges.


Premise: What did the Arthasastra say a king must use?

Hypothesis: Roger Boesche describes the Arthaśāstra as "a book of political realism, a book analysing how the political world does work and not very often stating how it ought to work, a book that frequently discloses to a king what calculating and sometimes brutal measures he must carry out to preserve the state and the common good."


Premise: During the later 18th century the trend of neoclassic design attempted to simplify what styles?

Hypothesis: The Works in Architecture illustrated the main buildings the Adam brothers had worked on and crucially documented the interiors, furniture and fittings, designed by the Adams.


Premise: What is an opera buffa?

Hypothesis: The opera buffa, a form of comic opera, rose in popularity.


Premise: What when conference do the Notre Dame fencing teams take part in?

Hypothesis: Both fencing teams compete in the Midwest Fencing Conference, and the men's ice hockey team competes in Hockey East.


Premise: The differential analyzer by H.L. Hazen and Vannevar Bush was first being built in what year?

Hypothesis: A dozen of these devices were built before their obsolescence became obvious.


Premise: In which war was Russia involved in 1700?

Hypothesis: By that time, Soviet Russia had gained roughly the same borders of the old Tsardom of Russia before the Great Northern War of 1700.


Premise: How many people of Manchu descent live in Nanjing?

Hypothesis: As in most of eastern China the ethnic makeup of Nanjing is predominantly Han nationality (98.56 percent), with 50 other minority nationalities.


Premise: Tribes of Slavs were invading what provinces of the Eastern Empire?

Hypothesis: Byzantine historiographers under Justinian I (527–565), such as Procopius of Caesarea, Jordanes and Theophylact Simocatta describe tribes of these names emerging from the area of the Carpathian Mountains, the lower Danube and the Black Sea, invading the Danubian provinces of the Eastern Empire.


Premise: How many Commonwealth nations still consider the British Queen their head of state?

Hypothesis: Sixteen Commonwealth realms voluntarily continue to share the British monarch, Queen Elizabeth II, as their head of state.


Premise: What year was Gilbert awarded for his efforts?

Hypothesis: In 1978 Aboriginal writer Kevin Gilbert received the National Book Council award for his book Living Black: Blacks Talk to Kevin Gilbert, a collection of Aboriginal people's stories, and in 1998 was awarded (but refused to accept) the Human Rights Award for Literature for Inside Black Australia, a poetry anthology and exhibition of Aboriginal photography.


Premise: What is a notable restaurant in Little Havana?

Hypothesis: Miami is also the home of restaurant chains such as Burger King, Tony Roma's and Benihana.


Premise: In 2000 what percentage of the population had access to safe drinking water?

Hypothesis: In 2000, 62–65 percent of the population was estimated to have access to safe drinking water and only 69 percent to sanitation services of some kind.


Premise: What can a wrestler do to show a willing submission?

Hypothesis: Occasionally, a wrestler will reach for a rope (see rope breaks below), only to put their hand back on the mat so they can crawl towards the rope some more; this is not a submission, and the referee decides what their intent is.


Premise: What is an example of a code of law in ancient India?

Hypothesis: The Arthashastra provides an account of the science of politics for a wise ruler, policies for foreign affairs and wars, the system of a spy state and surveillance and economic stability of the state.


Premise: What is the only method of travel currently available to Saint Helena?

Hypothesis: Saint Helena is one of the most remote islands in the world, has one commercial airport under construction, and travel to the island is by ship only.


Premise: When had the British East India Company overtaken the Dutch East India Company in sales?

Hypothesis: A deal between the two nations left the spice trade of the East Indies archipelago to the Netherlands and the textiles industry of India to England, but textiles soon overtook spices in terms of profitability, and by 1720, in terms of sales, the British company had overtaken the Dutch.


Premise: What was Kerry's mother's religion?

Hypothesis: His father was raised Catholic (John's paternal grandparents were Austro-Hungarian Jewish immigrants who converted to Catholicism) and his mother was Episcopalian.


Premise: Who was in control of the Danubian Principalities?

Hypothesis: By far, most of the deaths would result from sickness rather than combat,:118–119 for the Russian army still suffered from medical services that ranged from bad to none.


Premise: What kind of signs were removed form club Barcelona?

Hypothesis: A few months later, Catalonia came under occupation and as a symbol of the "undisciplined" Catalanism, the club, now down to just 3,486 members, faced a number of restrictions.


Premise: How many staff members work for the University of Plymouth?

Hypothesis: It also employs 3,000 staff with an annual income of around £160 million.


Premise: How many members were in the "presidency" in Jajce?

Hypothesis: In the two sessions, the resistance representatives established the basis for post-war organisation of the country, deciding on a federation of the Yugoslav nations.


Premise: The first outline for the report on the EDVAC was released by John von Neumann when?

Hypothesis: John von Neumann at the University of Pennsylvania, also circulated his First Draft of a Report on the EDVAC in 1945.


Premise: How many troops did Qatar send to Libya?

Hypothesis: Ignoring this, Qatar sent hundreds of troops to support the dissidents, and along with France and the United Arab Emirates provided the NTC with weaponry and training.


Premise: Who oversees the period of reckless behavior?

Hypothesis: The King presides over a period of misrule in which conventional social rules may be broken and reckless behavior is encouraged.


Premise: What is the name of Chopin's pupil who performed with him?

Hypothesis: Examples include a concert on 23 March 1833, in which Chopin, Liszt and Hiller performed (on pianos) a concerto by J.S. Bach for three keyboards; and, on 3 March 1838, a concert in which Chopin, his pupil Adolphe Gutmann, Charles-Valentin Alkan, and Alkan's teacher Joseph Zimmermann performed Alkan's arrangement, for eight hands, of two movements from Beethoven's 7th symphony.


Premise: Where were the American aircraft carriers during the attack on Pearl Harbor by Japan?

Hypothesis: American losses were less serious than initially thought: The American aircraft carriers, which would prove to be more important than battleships, were at sea, and vital naval infrastructure (fuel oil tanks, shipyard facilities, and a power station), submarine base, and signals intelligence units were unscathed.


Premise: The Alpine climate of Greece gets what kind of weather?

Hypothesis: The inland parts of northern Greece, in Central Macedonia and East Macedonia and Thrace feature a temperate climate with cold, damp winters and hot, dry summers with frequent thunderstorms.


Premise: What new type of helicopter was recently acquired?

Hypothesis: It has also encompassed initiatives to renew certain so-called "core capabilities" (such as the air force's medium range transport aircraft fleet – the C-130 Hercules – and the army's truck and armoured vehicle fleets).


Premise: What is a lycaenid caterpillar?

Hypothesis: Vibrations can also be used to communicate between entirely different species; lycaenid (gossamer-winged butterfly) caterpillars which are myrmecophilous (living in a mutualistic association with ants) communicate with ants in this way.


Premise: What year did the third season of American Idol first air?

Hypothesis: Season three premiered on January 19, 2004.


Premise: After a bill is assigned a number, what is it made ready for?

Hypothesis: After the President signs a bill into law (or Congress enacts it over his veto), it is delivered to the Office of the Federal Register (OFR) of the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) where it is assigned a law number, and prepared for publication as a slip law.


Premise: Who moved the Oklahoma City Thunder to Oklahoma City?

Hypothesis: The Thunder plays home games at the Chesapeake Energy Arena in downtown Oklahoma City, known affectionately in the national media as 'the Peake' and 'Loud City'.


Premise: What was Russian interested in Tajikistan area for?

Hypothesis: Russia was interested in gaining access to a supply of cotton and in the 1870s attempted to switch cultivation in the region from grain to cotton (a strategy later copied and expanded by the Soviets).[citation needed]


Premise: Where were the Italian American professors employed that asked to be added as an affirmative action category?

Hypothesis: In 1976, a group of Italian American professors at City University of New York asked to be added as an affirmative action category for promotion and hiring.


Premise: In Germany, what do servers do to serve beer in beer gardens?

Hypothesis: Until that time beer establishments used to bring the beer out to the table or benches, as remains the practice in (for example) beer gardens and other drinking establishments in Germany.


Premise: What was a way that theologians compromised with the information in Darwin's book?

Hypothesis: Theistic evolution became a popular compromise, and St. George Jackson Mivart was among those accepting evolution but attacking Darwin's naturalistic mechanism.


Premise: Oak, beech, ash, and sycamore maple make up what group of trees?

Hypothesis: A natural vegetation limit with altitude is given by the presence of the chief deciduous trees—oak, beech, ash and sycamore maple.


Premise: What races are considered for full citizenship in Burma?

Hypothesis: Citizenship is given to those who belong to one of the national races such as Kachin, Kayah (Karenni), Karen, Chin, Burman, Mon, Rakhine, Shan, Kaman, or Zerbadee.


Premise: Who made the original print of Los Caprichos?

Hypothesis: The actual mausoleum is called House of Flowers (Kuća Cveća) and numerous people visit the place as a shrine to "better times".


Premise: How are cliques defined?

Hypothesis: Cliques also have become somewhat a "collective parent," i.e. telling the adolescents what to do and not to do.


Premise: In theory how were all polish noblemen viewed?

Hypothesis: Also in theory, they were legal peers.


Premise: What Uralic language branch contains Estonian?

Hypothesis: Estonian belongs to the Finnic branch of the Uralic languages, along with Finnish, Karelian, and other nearby languages.


Premise: Who did the Manchu appeal to?

Hypothesis: The Kangxi Emperor also welcomed to his court Jesuit missionaries, who had first come to China under the Ming.


Premise: The Germans recorded how many causualties in the battle?

Hypothesis: The German Official History recorded 15,780 casualties and French casualties of 13,761 men.


Premise: What category of products usually made from wood includes chairs?

Hypothesis: Wood has always been used extensively for furniture, such as chairs and beds.


Premise: Who disputed the Lausanne Congress of Supreme Councils?

Hypothesis: It is possible that the immediate objections of the United Grand Lodge of England were at least partly motivated by the political tension between France and Britain at the time.


Premise: Why did the Kievan state prosper?

Hypothesis: Trade from the Baltic also moved south on a network of rivers and short portages along the Dnieper known as the "route from the Varangians to the Greeks," continuing to the Black Sea and on to Constantinople.


Premise: Who had led the army that the Romans had sent to Africa?

Hypothesis: By this time Hannibal's brother Hasdrubal Barca sought to cross the Alps into Italy and join his brother with a second army.


Premise: What is another important factor which governs how a capacitor ages?

Hypothesis: The type of dielectric, ambient operating and storage temperatures are the most significant aging factors, while the operating voltage has a smaller effect.


Premise: When did the two Everton Football Clubs (English and Chilean) face off against one another?

Hypothesis: On 4 August 2010, the two Evertons played each other in a friendly named the Copa Hermandad at Goodison Park to mark the centenary of the Chilean team, an occasion organised by The Ruleteros Society, a society founded to promote connections between the two clubs.


Premise: What are dogs often taught to bring in from outdoors?

Hypothesis: Increasingly, human family members are engaging in activities centered on the perceived needs and interests of the dog, or in which the dog is an integral partner, such as dog dancing and dog yoga.


Premise: What school was established in 1851?

Hypothesis: He created a school which laid the foundations for the teaching of science in the country, and which has its legacy today at Imperial.


Premise: Who was the co-founder of the Black Panthers that was placed on trial in New Haven?

Hypothesis: Black Panther Party co-founder Bobby Seale and ten other Party members were tried for murdering an alleged informant.


Premise: What did Eastern Nigeria want to call itself as an independent nation?

Hypothesis: The 30 month war, with a long siege of Biafra and its isolation from trade and supplies, ended in January 1970.


Premise: Who is responsible for writing the music for "Notre Dame Victory March?"

Hypothesis: The Rev. Michael J. Shea, a 1904 graduate, wrote the music, and his brother, John F. Shea, who earned degrees in 1906 and 1908, wrote the original lyrics.


Premise: Where was Richard III buried?

Hypothesis: Until the death of George II of Great Britain in 1760, most kings and queens were buried in the abbey, some notable exceptions being Henry VI, Edward IV, Henry VIII and Charles I who are buried in St George's Chapel at Windsor Castle.


Premise: What day did the business that first rang a bell to begin in the winter of 2014 in Myanmar open its doors to customers?

Hypothesis: In December 2014, Myanmar signed an agreement to set up its first stock exchange.


Premise: What city had some of the last buildings to fall in 1945?

Hypothesis: After the war most were left to rot.


Premise: What does Japanese wrestling combine?

Hypothesis: The style of Japanese professional wrestling (puroresu) is again different.


Premise: How many survivors were found?

Hypothesis: At the start of rescue operations on May 12, 20 helicopters were deployed for the delivery of food, water, and emergency aid, and also the evacuation of the injured and reconnaissance of quake-stricken areas.


Premise: A typical vacuum cleaner produces enough suction to do what to air pressure?

Hypothesis: For example, a typical vacuum cleaner produces enough suction to reduce air pressure by around 20%.


Premise: What are the primary causes of light loss?

Hypothesis: For bulbs that contain a vacuum, the darkening is uniform across the entire surface of the envelope.


Premise: Who presided over Zion's Watch Tower Tract Society in 1881?

Hypothesis: In 1881, Zion's Watch Tower Tract Society was presided over by William Henry Conley, and in 1884, Charles Taze Russell incorporated the society as a non-profit business to distribute tracts and Bibles.


Premise: When did Espanyol  offer a counter-petition against autonomy?

Hypothesis: In 1918 Espanyol started a counter-petition against autonomy, which at that time had become a pertinent issue.


Premise: What law regulated the rules for time shifts in Israel according to the Jewish calendar?

Hypothesis: The 2005 Israeli Daylight Saving Law established predictable rules using the Jewish calendar but Windows zone files could not represent the rules' dates in a year-independent way.


Premise: Where does the safe harbor to use a patented invention for research generally not exist?

Hypothesis: This safe harbor does not exist in the US unless the research is done for purely philosophical purposes, or in order to gather data in order to prepare an application for regulatory approval of a drug.


Premise: The idea that people are unchanging and stay the same even through changes is considered what?

Hypothesis: To put it another way, a thing or person is often seen as having a "defining essence" or a "core identity" that is unchanging, and describes what the thing or person really is.


Premise: How many companies did a judge say infringed on Dr. Moustakas's prior blue light patent in 2015?

Hypothesis: In 2015, a US court ruled that three companies (i.e. the litigants who had not previously settled out of court) that had licensed Mr. Nakamura's patents for production in the United States had infringed Dr. Moustakas's prior patent, and order them to pay licensing fees of not less than 13 million USD.


Premise: What are the degrees of similarity with Occitan and Gallo-Romance languages?

Hypothesis: Thus, as it should be expected from closely related languages, Catalan today shares many traits with other Romance languages.


Premise: Where did Schwarzenegger first meet Maria Shriver?

Hypothesis: Schwarzenegger met his next paramour, Sue Moray, a Beverly Hills hairdresser's assistant, on Venice Beach in July 1977.


Premise: What continent fractured off Gondwana in the direction of Laurentia?

Hypothesis: Also, Avalonia broke free from Gondwana and began to head north toward Laurentia.


Premise: What cuisine notably makes use of pork?

Hypothesis: Consumption of beef is very uncommon and considered taboo in many places.


Premise: Which act was repealed in 1999 effectively removing the separation between investment and deposit banks?

Hypothesis: The U.S. Senate's Levin–Coburn Report concluded that the crisis was the result of "high risk, complex financial products; undisclosed conflicts of interest; the failure of regulators, the credit rating agencies, and the market itself to rein in the excesses of Wall Street.


Premise: What group took tents and quilts to Wenchuan county?

Hypothesis: The Red Cross Society of China flew 557 tents and 2,500 quilts valued at 788,000 yuan (US$113,000) to Wenchuan County.


Premise: When did Eduard Shevardnadze gain full membership in the Politburo?

Hypothesis: On July 1, 1985, Gorbachev promoted Eduard Shevardnadze, First Secretary of the Georgian Communist Party, to full member of the Politburo, and the following day appointed him minister of foreign affairs, replacing longtime Foreign Minister Andrei Gromyko.


Premise: What is the name of the middle school that Madonna attended?

Hypothesis: Madonna was known for her high grade point average, and achieved notoriety for her unconventional behavior.


Premise: What is a major source of cooper in modern times?

Hypothesis: Recycling is a major source of copper in the modern world.


Premise: What medical scientist first proposed the clonal selection theory of immunology?

Hypothesis: The theory was later modified to reflect new discoveries regarding histocompatibility or the complex "two-signal" activation of T cells.


Premise: What does cyborg anthropology study about humankind and technological systems humans have built?

Hypothesis: Cyborg anthropology studies humankind and its relations with the technological systems it has built, specifically modern technological systems that have reflexively shaped notions of what it means to be human beings.


Premise: What region of England benefits from the extension of the Azores High pressure area?

Hypothesis: South West England has a favoured location when the Azores High pressure area extends north-eastwards towards the UK, particularly in summer.


Premise: What type of equipment does the postal union provide?

Hypothesis: On 1 November 2013, international postal services for Somalia officially resumed.


Premise: What helped form the Bern countryside?

Hypothesis: Bern lies on the Swiss plateau in the Canton of Bern, slightly west of the centre of Switzerland and 20 km (12 mi) north of the Bernese Alps.


Premise: Strepsiptera and Diptera grouped together are called what?

Hypothesis: Matters that have incurred controversy include Strepsiptera and Diptera grouped together as Halteria based on a reduction of one of the wing pairs – a position not well-supported in the entomological community.


Premise: Wages and salaries represent how much % of the island's expenditure?

Hypothesis: Wages and salaries represent about 38% of recurrent expenditure.


Premise: What is the average high temperature in El Cajon in August?

Hypothesis: The city of El Cajon, just 10 miles (16 km) inland from downtown San Diego, averages January lows of 42 °F (6 °C) and August highs of 88 °F (31 °C).


Premise: What type of climate does Bermuda have?

Hypothesis: It has a subtropical climate.


Premise: What is there a large population of in the Chota Valley?

Hypothesis: In Azogues and the Southern Andes in general, Taita Carnival is always an indigenous Cañari.


Premise: Along with Cyprus, what other major signatory official protested the the immunity of others from prosecution of genocide?

Hypothesis: All signatories to the CPPCG are required to prevent and punish acts of genocide, both in peace and wartime, though some barriers make this enforcement difficult.


Premise: Which ingredient gives beer its flavor?

Hypothesis: The basic ingredients of beer are water; a starch source, such as malted barley, able to be saccharified (converted to sugars) then fermented (converted into ethanol and carbon dioxide); a brewer's yeast to produce the fermentation; and a flavouring such as hops.


Premise: What country occupied Libya during World War II?

Hypothesis: At World War II's end in 1945, Libya was occupied by British and French forces.


Premise: What has been used to connect digital cameras. smartphones and other devices to tablet computers?

Hypothesis: Various connectors have been used for smaller devices such as digital cameras, smartphones, and tablet computers.


Premise: What relations does the television show Gilmore Girls have to New Haven city?

Hypothesis: The TV show Gilmore Girls is set (but not filmed) in New Haven and at Yale University, as are scenes in the film


Premise: At serfdom's greatest extent, what percentage of Western Europeans were serfs?

Hypothesis: Although serfdom declined in Western Europe it became more common in Eastern Europe, as landlords imposed it on those of their tenants who had previously been free.


Premise: Where did Cædmon live?

Hypothesis: Cædmon, the earliest English poet we know by name, served as a lay brother in the monastery at Whitby.


Premise: Where was the capital before Ali changed it?

Hypothesis: Ali moved his capital from Medina to Kufa.


Premise: What did Parliament promise to pass as a result of increased pub closures?

Hypothesis: In 2015 the rate of pub closures came under the scrutiny of Parliament in the UK, with a promise of legislation to improve relations between owners and tenants.


Premise: What sport of hunting is in Africa?

Hypothesis: In modern times, trophy hunting persists and is a significant industry in some areas.[citation needed]


Premise: When did the mandolin's poplarity rebound?

Hypothesis: They danced and played guitars, violins and the bandurria, which became confused with the mandolin.


Premise: Who did Bayonce's management go into business with in 2014?

Hypothesis: In October 2014, it was announced that Beyoncé with her management company Parkwood Entertainment would be partnering with London-based fashion retailer Topshop, in a new 50/50 split subsidiary business named Parkwood Topshop Athletic Ltd.


Premise: Who was the organist for Chopin's funeral?

Hypothesis: At the graveside, the Funeral March from Chopin's Piano Sonata No. 2 was played, in Reber's instrumentation.


Premise: Intraguild species may try to consume each other because they are?

Hypothesis: Intraguild predators are those that kill and eat other predators of different species at the same trophic level, and thus that are potential competitors.


Premise: What is the name for the stretch of land on which Spain and Portugal are located?

Hypothesis: Some definitions of southern Europe, also known as Mediterranean Europe, include the countries of the Iberian peninsula (Spain and Portugal), the Italian peninsula, southern France and Greece.


Premise: What's the name of the now-discontinued accessory manufactured by Apple, that connected via the iPod's dock connector?

Hypothesis: The dock connector also allowed the iPod to connect to accessories, which often supplement the iPod's music, video, and photo playback.


Premise: What average daily amount did a tourist spend in Tennessee in 2013?

Hypothesis: The average person spent $118 per day: 29% on transportation, 24% on food, 17% on accommodation, and 28% on shopping and entertainment.:44


Premise: What were elevators originally built for?

Hypothesis: Starting in the coal mines, by the mid-19th century elevators were operated with steam power and were used for moving goods in bulk in mines and factories.


Premise: Serving in President Obama's cabinet, this man has also studied at Yale, can you guess who?

Hypothesis: New Haven is the birthplace of former president George W. Bush, who was born when his father, former president George H. W. Bush, was living in New Haven while a student at Yale.


Premise: Where does the Catalan word alfabia come from?

Hypothesis: However, the Arabic element in Spanish is generally much more prevalent.


Premise: What year did Beyoncé first model for Tom Ford?

Hypothesis: In September 2010, Beyoncé made her runway modelling debut at Tom Ford's Spring/Summer 2011 fashion show.


Premise: Which manservent was Victoria's most trusted ally?

Hypothesis: Through the 1860s, Victoria relied increasingly on a manservant from Scotland, John Brown.


Premise: What can be affected by DST that might disrupt plans for a vacation?

Hypothesis: DST clock shifts sometimes complicate timekeeping and can disrupt travel, billing, record keeping, medical devices, heavy equipment, and sleep patterns.


Premise: Has the joining brought about any changes in the region ?

Hypothesis: The government has assembled a National Human Rights Commission that consists of 15 members from various backgrounds.


Premise: What was Spielberg's first full TV episode to direct?

Hypothesis: He did another segment on Night Gallery and did some work for shows such as Owen Marshall: Counselor at Law and The Psychiatrist, before landing the first series episode of Columbo (previous episodes were actually TV films).


Premise: What is considered a key part of interior design?

Hypothesis: Lighting can also be an intrinsic component of landscape projects.


Premise: In which century were vocalization marking added to the Quran?

Hypothesis: The system of vocalization, as we know it today, seems to have been introduced towards the end of the ninth century.


Premise: The Boston Miracle is the name for the reduction in what crime from 1990 to 1999?

Hypothesis: Murders in the city dropped from 152 in 1990 (for a murder rate of 26.5 per 100,000 people) to just 31—not one of them a juvenile—in 1999 (for a murder rate of 5.26 per 100,000).


Premise: When did The Partyja BDF start?

Hypothesis: Initially the Front had significant visibility because its numerous public actions almost always ended in clashes with the police and the KGB.


Premise: What did the Bengali Renaissance resemble?

Hypothesis: During this period, Bengal witnessed an intellectual awakening that is in some way similar to the Renaissance in Europe during the 16th century, although Europeans of that age were not confronted with the challenge and influence of alien colonialism.


Premise: What type of religious practices outnumbered the state observances?

Hypothesis: In this spirit, a provincial Roman citizen who made the long journey from Bordeaux to Italy to consult the Sibyl at Tibur did not neglect his devotion to his own goddess from home:


Premise: What was a result of these marriages?

Hypothesis: In South Africa, the period of colonization resulted in many unions and marriages between European men and African women from various tribes, resulting in mixed-race children.


Premise: What was the main government entity that ran the territories like Tibet?

Hypothesis: Manchuria was originally separated from China proper by the Inner Willow Palisade, a ditch and embankment planted with willows intended to restrict the movement of the Han Chinese, as the area was off-limits to civilian Han Chinese until the government started colonizing the area, especially since the 1860s.


Premise: Where did the US Army 419th and 601st relocate to as part of the Antwerp X project?

Hypothesis: With the help of these three technologies, close to 90% of the V-1 missiles, on track to the defence zone around the port, were destroyed.


Premise: What is often made of wood that provides shelter to people?

Hypothesis: People have used wood for millennia for many purposes, primarily as a fuel or as a construction material for making houses, tools, weapons, furniture, packaging, artworks, and paper.


Premise: Whitehead believes any entity is in some sense what?

Hypothesis: A real thing is just that which forces the rest of the universe to in some way conform to it; that is to say, if theoretically a thing made strictly no difference to any other entity (i.e. it was not related to any other entity), it could not be said to really exist.


Premise: What instrument did Marsyas know how to play?

Hypothesis: Marsyas could not do this, as he only knew how to use the flute and could not sing at the same time.


Premise: What is one thing excessive regulations causes?

Hypothesis: Others have argued that excessive regulation suppresses therapeutic innovation, and that the current cost of regulator-required clinical trials prevents the full exploitation of new genetic and biological knowledge for the treatment of human disease.


Premise: Prisoners from which battle are thought to have helped Muslims learn to write?

Hypothesis: It is related that some of the Quraysh who were taken prisoners at the battle of Badr regained their freedom after they had taught some of the Muslims the simple writing of the time.


Premise: What is the name of the main metropolitan train terminus called in Melbourne?

Hypothesis: The main passenger airport serving the metropolis and the state is Melbourne Airport (also called Tullamarine Airport), which is the second busiest in Australia, and


Premise: How many parishes?

Hypothesis: Galicia is further divided into 53 comarcas, 315 municipalities (93 in A Coruña, 67 in Lugo, 92 in Ourense, 62 in Pontevedra) and 3,778 parishes.


Premise: Where is work that has been Sent Up For Good stored?

Hypothesis: As Sending Up For Good is fairly infrequent, the process is rather mysterious to many of Eton's boys.


Premise: Who were the future confederate generals?

Hypothesis: Future Confederate generals George E. Pickett and James Longstreet participated in the attack.


Premise: What kind of religion is Hinduism considered?

Hypothesis: The dharmic religions differ in their view of the divine: views of God in Hinduism vary by region, sect, and caste, ranging from monotheistic to polytheistic to atheistic.


Premise: Who do majuscules have which distinguish themselves from minuscules?

Hypothesis: The height of the minuscules varies, as some of them have parts higher or lower than the average, i.e. ascenders and descenders.


Premise: Schwarzenegger underwent heart valve replacement in what year?

Hypothesis: Schwarzenegger was born with a bicuspid aortic valve, an aortic valve with only two leaflets (a normal aortic valve has three leaflets).


Premise: Can researchers study an infants or young childs memories?

Hypothesis: Throughout the years, however, researchers have adapted and developed a number of measures for assessing both infants’ recognition memory and their recall memory.


Premise: What band did Free lead singer Paul Rodgers help form?

Hypothesis: After the breakup of the band in 1973, vocalist Paul Rodgers joined supergroup Bad Company, whose eponymous first album (1974) was an international hit.


Premise: In what year was Kanye West's sixth album released?

Hypothesis: Describing his sixth studio album Yeezus (2013) as "a protest to music," West embraced an abrasive style that incorporated industrial music, acid house, dancehall, punk, electro, and Chicago drill.


Premise: What part of a two step sequence can a 6 month old remember?

Hypothesis: Younger infants (6-month-olds) can only recall one step of a two-step sequence.


Premise: Which leading literary figure often mentioned Virgin in his poetry?

Hypothesis: Virgil came to know many of the other leading literary figures of the time, including Horace, in whose poetry he is often mentioned, and Varius Rufus, who later helped finish the Aeneid.


Premise: What are incunabula's?

Hypothesis: Today, Strasbourg's different public and institutional libraries again display a sizable total number of incunabula, distributed as follows: Bibliothèque nationale et universitaire, ca.


Premise: How many leader terrorists of Al Quada were involved with the 9/11 attacks directly that day?

Hypothesis: The rebuilding of the area, has created a new One World Trade Center, and a 9/11 memorial and museum along with other new buildings and infrastructure.


Premise: What has been the focus since 2011

Hypothesis: Their grant-making focus has been since 2011 on sanitation science and technology ("transformative technologies"), delivery models at scale, urban sanitation markets, building demand for sanitation, measurement and evaluation as well as policy, advocacy and communications.


Premise: Who commissioned the Navicella mosaic?

Hypothesis: The giant mosaic, commissioned by Cardinal Jacopo Stefaneschi, was originally situated on the eastern porch of the old basilica and occupied the whole wall above the entrance arcade facing the courtyard.


Premise: What percent of votes did Kerry get against Cronin?

Hypothesis: The week before, a poll had put Kerry 10 points ahead of Cronin, with Dukin on 13%.


Premise: What was the name of the hotel that took up a full city block?

Hypothesis: The United States Hotel took up a full city block between Atlantic, Pacific, Delaware, and Maryland Avenues.


Premise: What use did forest gardeners put to tree and vines to?

Hypothesis: In the gradual process of families improving their immediate environment, useful tree and vine species were identified, protected and improved, whilst undesirable species were eliminated.


Premise: Who discovered nuclear fission?

Hypothesis: In 1938 Otto Hahn and Fritz Strassmann discovered nuclear fission with radiochemical methods, and in 1939 Lise Meitner and Otto Robert Frisch wrote the first theoretical interpretation of the fission process, which was later improved by Niels Bohr and John A. Wheeler.


Premise: What gun was the French Brocq system used with?

Hypothesis: The British Wilson-Dalby gun director used a pair of trackers and mechanical tachymetry; the operator entered the fuse length, and deflection angles were read from the instruments.


Premise: How many medical schools are in Hyderabad?

Hypothesis: Osmania Medical College, Gandhi Medical College, Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences, Deccan College of Medical Sciences and Shadan Institute of Medical Sciences—and many affiliated teaching hospitals.


Premise: Alloparenting is particulary common with what species?

Hypothesis: In birds, however, it is quite common—more so than in any other vertebrate class.


Premise: What team defeated the Seattle Seahawks to win Super Bowl XLIX?

Hypothesis: Seattle Sounders FC has played in Major League Soccer since 2009, sharing CenturyLink Field with the Seahawks, as a continuation of earlier teams in the lower divisions of American soccer.


Premise: What form has corruption taken in Africa?

Hypothesis: Economists argue that one of the factors behind the differing economic development in Africa and Asia is that in Africa, corruption has primarily taken the form of rent extraction with the resulting financial capital moved overseas rather than invested at home (hence the stereotypical, but often accurate, image of African dictators having Swiss bank accounts).


Premise: What was Jane Stirling's national heritage?

Hypothesis: This tour was suggested to him by his Scottish pupil Jane Stirling and her elder sister.


Premise: What is the criteria needed to include or dismiss a reading when critiquing texts?

Hypothesis: " They also argued that "Readings are approved or rejected by reason of the quality, and not the number, of their supporting witnesses", and that "The reading is to be preferred that most fitly explains the existence of the others."


Premise: Who invented the first browser?

Hypothesis: His browser was called WorldWideWeb and later renamed Nexus.


Premise: What condition are bears usually brought in in?

Hypothesis: Though they have not had the level of exposure as other wrestlers, bears have long been a part of professional wrestling.


Premise: A wholesale ban on what was denied?

Hypothesis: India rejected Chinese demands that the torch route be clear of India's 150,000-strong Tibetan exile community, by which they required a ban on congregation near the curtailed 3 km route.


Premise: Which two groups of invertebrates have complex brains?

Hypothesis: Cephalopods such as the octopus and squid have the largest brains of any invertebrates.


Premise: How many company vehicles did angry protesters overturn at the Zhejiang Jinko Solar Company?

Hypothesis: Angry protesters stormed the Zhejiang Jinko Solar Company factory compound, overturned eight company vehicles, and destroyed the offices before police came to disperse the crowd.


Premise: Which contestant was talked about more than any other this season?

Hypothesis: However, on April 18, Sanjaya was voted off.


Premise: What was one reason Calvary was chosen?

Hypothesis: The text does not indicate why it was so designated, but several theories have been put forward.


Premise: What minority nationality is most common?

Hypothesis: In 1999, 77,394 residents belonged to minority nationalities, among which the vast majority (64,832) were Hui nationalities, contributing 83.76 percent to the minority population.


Premise: How much money in financial support did Washington University receive in 2007?

Hypothesis: Nearly 80% of NIH grants to institutions in the state of Missouri went to Washington University alone in 2007.


Premise: How many travelers visited JFK, LaGuardia and Newark Liberty in 2012?

Hypothesis: JFK and Newark Liberty were the busiest and fourth busiest U.S. gateways for international air passengers, respectively, in 2012; as of 2011, JFK was the busiest airport for international passengers in North America.


Premise: What antenna type is a portion of the half wave dipole?

Hypothesis: Monopoles, which are one-half the size of a dipole, are common for long-wavelength radio signals where a dipole would be impractically large.


Premise: In what year did the state of New York pass a law to free the slaves?

Hypothesis: Under New York State's gradual abolition act of 1799, children of slave mothers were born to be eventually liberated but were held in indentured servitude until their mid-to-late twenties.


Premise: If a carbohydrate is not a simple monosaccharide, what else could it be?

Hypothesis: Carbohydrates range from simple monosaccharides (glucose, fructose, galactose) to complex polysaccharides (starch).


Premise: What would a hobbiest need to transfer historic recordings to digital formats?

Hypothesis: Where old disc recordings are considered to be of artistic or historic interest, from before the era of tape or where no tape master exists, archivists play back the disc on suitable equipment and record the result, typically onto a digital format, which can be copied and manipulated to remove analog flaws without any further damage to the source recording.


Premise: Geographically, what river was Northumbria north of?

Hypothesis: In terms of geography the Northumbrian region lay north of the Humber River; the Mercian lay north of the Thames and South of the Humber River; West Saxon lay south and southwest of the Thames; and the smallest, Kentish region lay southeast of the Thames, a small corner of England.


Premise: What two cities were at war during this time?

Hypothesis: War meanwhile continued between the rulers of Isfahan and Hamadãn; in 1024 the former captured Hamadan and its towns, expelling the Tajik mercenaries.


Premise: Who became British Prime Minister after Winston Churchill?

Hypothesis: The response of Anthony Eden, who had succeeded Churchill as Prime Minister, was to collude with France to engineer an Israeli attack on Egypt that would give Britain and France an excuse to intervene militarily and retake the canal.


Premise: What is the brand name Pegasys for?

Hypothesis: The clearance of the pathogens, either treatment-induced or spontaneous, it can be influenced by the genetic variants carried by the individual patients.


Premise: What may be triggered suddenly by a spark?

Hypothesis: Release of the energy stored during photosynthesis as heat or light may be triggered suddenly by a spark, in a forest fire, or it may be made available more slowly for animal or human metabolism, when these molecules are ingested, and catabolism is triggered by enzyme action.


Premise: When did the Island start to experience a period of prosperity?

Hypothesis: From about 1770, the island enjoyed a lengthy period of prosperity.


Premise: When was the Yuan dynasty established?

Hypothesis: The Mongol conquest and the establishment of the Yuan dynasty in 1279 ended Hangzhou's political clout, but its economy continued to prosper.


Premise: How many continents did Paul Vi visit as pope?

Hypothesis: With his travels he opened new avenues for the papacy, which were continued by his successors John Paul II and Benedict XVI.


Premise: About how many birds are released onto shooting estates every year in the UK?

Hypothesis: The open season for grouse in the UK begins on 12 August, the so-called Glorious Twelfth.


Premise: The Crete ecoregion is known as what?

Hypothesis: According to the World Wide Fund for Nature and the European Environment Agency, the territory of Greece can be subdivided into six ecoregions: the Illyrian deciduous forests, Pindus Mountains mixed forests, Balkan mixed forests, Rhodope montane mixed forests, Aegean and Western Turkey sclerophyllous and mixed forests and Crete Mediterranean forests.


Premise: What organization works to further the understanding and adherence to the rule of law?

Hypothesis: The International Development Law Organization (IDLO) is an intergovernmental organization with a joint focus on the promotion of rule of law and development.


Premise: Where was Blue Ivy born?

Hypothesis: On January 7, 2012, Beyoncé gave birth to her first child, a daughter, Blue Ivy Carter, at Lenox Hill Hospital in New York.


Premise: What Mozart song was sung at Chopin's funeral?

Hypothesis: At the graveside, the Funeral March from Chopin's Piano Sonata No. 2 was played, in Reber's instrumentation.


Premise: What kind of company does ANCAP run?

Hypothesis: The most important state-owned companies headquartered in Montevideo are: AFE (railways), ANCAP (Energy), Administracion Nacional de Puertos (Ports), ANTEL (telecommunications), BHU (savings and loan), BROU (bank), BSE (insurance), OSE (water & sewage), UTE (electricity).


Premise: Where did the Slavs that assimilated into the Magyar or Romanian population remain?

Hypothesis: Conversely, some Slavs were assimilated into other populations.


Premise: Who was the former director of the CFTC that testified before the Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation on June 3, 2008?

Hypothesis: In testimony before the Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation on June 3, 2008, former director of the CFTC Division of Trading & Markets (responsible for enforcement)


Premise: How did the original Xbox fare in Japan in general?

Hypothesis: Edge magazine reported in August 2011 that initially lackluster and subsequently falling sales in Japan, where Microsoft had been unable to make serious inroads into the dominance of domestic rivals Sony and Nintendo, had led to retailers scaling down and in some cases discontinuing sales of the Xbox 360 completely.


Premise: What city's carnival has documented history from 1790?

Hypothesis: The Carnival of Vilanova i la Geltrú has documented history from 1790 and is one of the richest in the variety of its acts and rituals.


Premise: Who supplies NYC with drinkable water?

Hypothesis: New York City is supplied with drinking water by the protected Catskill Mountains watershed.


Premise: How many people not on Pan Am Flight 103 were killed by its destruction?

Hypothesis: Meanwhile, Libya stepped up its support for anti-western militants such as the Provisional IRA, and in 1988, Pan Am Flight 103 was blown up over Lockerbie in Scotland, killing 243 passengers and 16 crew members, plus 11 people on the ground.


Premise: Who gave up their claim to the English throne?

Hypothesis: Henry III continued his attempts to reclaim Normandy and Anjou until 1259, but John's continental losses and the consequent growth of Capetian power in the 13th century proved to mark a "turning point in European history".


Premise: In February 2013, Shell Corporation announced that it would pause what?

Hypothesis: In January 2014, the corporation announced the extension of the suspension of its drilling program in the Arctic, with chief executive van Beurden explaining that the project is "under review" due to both market and internal issues.


Premise: A lot of Bostond medical facilities are associated with what?

Hypothesis: Many of Boston's medical facilities are associated with universities.


Premise: What countries did the federalist model fail in?

Hypothesis: Federations such as Yugoslavia or Czechoslovakia collapsed as soon as it was possible to put the model to the test.


Premise: What native tribe lived in the New York area?

Hypothesis: The native Lenape were displaced after 1643 by settlers.


Premise: What is the most well-known summary of Calvin's teachings?

Hypothesis: Perhaps the best known summary is contained in the five points of Calvinism, though these points identify the Calvinist view on soteriology rather than summarizing the system as a whole.


Premise: What are code points in the range U+D800-U+DBFF known as?

Hypothesis: Thus the range of code points that are available for use as characters is U+0000–U+D7FF and U+E000–U+10FFFF (1,112,064 code points).


Premise: What supernatural things have been portrayed in matches?

Hypothesis: Celebrities would also be involved in storylines.


Premise: Where are the provinces of Lleida and Tarragona?

Hypothesis: Valencian is classified as a Western dialect, along with the northwestern varieties spoken in Western Catalonia (provinces of Lleida and the western half of Tarragona).


Premise: Why did the Latin Americas Upper class support coup o'etats?

Hypothesis: Most South American countries were in some periods ruled by military dictatorships that were supported by the United States of America.


Premise: When did United International Pictures start distributing films for DreamWorks?

Hypothesis: However, with future film productions from both names being released through the MGM/UA Entertainment plate, CIC decided to merge UA's international units with MGM and reformed as United International Pictures.


Premise: What is the size of the largest bird?

Hypothesis: They rank as the class of tetrapods with the most living species, at approximately ten thousand, with more than half of these being passerines, sometimes known as perching birds or, less accurately, as songbirds.


Premise: How many words long was Burke's history of England contracted to be?

Hypothesis: G. M. Young did not value Burke's history and claimed that it was "demonstrably a translation from the French".


Premise: What is the name of the jazz museum in Detroit?

Hypothesis: The Graystone International Jazz Museum documents jazz in Detroit.


Premise: What Boston church is one of the oldest congregations in the US?

Hypothesis: Old South Church in Boston is one of the oldest congregations in the United States.


Premise: Which Indian monument, inspired by the Arc de Triomphe, was built in 1931?

Hypothesis: The India Gate built in 1931 was inspired by the Arc de Triomphe in Paris.


Premise: When was the term Serbo-Croatian first used?

Hypothesis: As such, the term Serbo-Croatian was first used by Jacob Grimm in 1824, popularized by the Vienna philologist Jernej Kopitar in the following decades, and accepted by Croatian Zagreb grammarians in 1854 and 1859.


Premise: What is the population of Melbourne?

Hypothesis: Melbourne (/ˈmɛlbərn/, AU i/ˈmɛlbən/) is the capital and most populous city in the Australian state of Victoria, and the second most populous city in Australia and Oceania.


Premise: To whom did Paul VI tell "not to be afraid" when the church released its statement on birth control?

Hypothesis: Paul VI was concerned but not surprised by the negative reaction in Western Europe and the United States.


Premise: Which writing systems have been used to write Sanskrit?

Hypothesis: Writing was not introduced to India until after Sanskrit had evolved into the Prakrits; when it was written, the choice of writing system was influenced by the regional scripts of the scribes.


Premise: Who is responsible for the university's expansion into law and management schools?

Hypothesis: Dallin H. Oaks replaced Wilkinson as president in 1971.


Premise: Were the Arians united in their oppostion?

Hypothesis: The Arians no longer presented an unbroken front to their orthodox opponents.


Premise: What is the traditional term for the President of the Confederation?

Hypothesis: The President of the Confederation is elected by the Assembly from among the seven members, traditionally in rotation and for a one-year term; the President chairs the government and assumes representative functions.


Premise: What are examples of finite symmetry groups used in coding theory?

Hypothesis: Another application is differential Galois theory, which characterizes functions having antiderivatives of a prescribed form, giving group-theoretic criteria for when solutions of certain differential equations are well-behaved.u[›] Geometric properties that remain stable under group actions are investigated in (geometric) invariant theory.


Premise: As of 2000, how many people lived in Richmond per square kilometer?

Hypothesis: As of the census of 2000, there were 197,790 people, 84,549 households, and 43,627 families residing in the city.


Premise: What did okugatasama mean?

Hypothesis: The wife, or okugatasama (meaning: one who remains in the home), was left to manage all household affairs, care for the children, and perhaps even defend the home forcibly.


Premise: When wood dries and shrinks, what happens to its density?

Hypothesis: Upon drying, wood shrinks and its density increases.


Premise: What has the Cotton-4 been in regards to the US cotton subsidies?

Hypothesis: The four introduced a "Sectoral Initiative in Favour of Cotton", presented by Burkina Faso's President Blaise Compaoré during the Trade Negotiations Committee on 10 June 2003.


Premise: When did the USAF have several missteps of aircraft procurement projects?

Hypothesis: As a result, the USAF fleet is setting new records for average aircraft age and needs to replace its fleets of fighters, bombers, airborne tankers, and airborne warning aircraft, in an age of restrictive defense budgets.


Premise: When did Eisenhower sign the law to create the Interstate Highway System?

Hypothesis: The legislation initially stalled in the Congress over the issuance of bonds to finance the project, but the legislative effort was renewed and the law was signed by Eisenhower in June 1956.


Premise: What place were the Thunder in 2010 NBA playoffs?

Hypothesis: In 2012, Oklahoma City made it to the NBA Finals, but lost to the Miami Heat in five games.


Premise: How was the suit settled?

Hypothesis: The release of a video-game Starpower: Beyoncé was cancelled after Beyoncé pulled out of a $100 million with GateFive who alleged the cancellation meant the sacking of 70 staff and millions of pounds lost in development.


Premise: Who was Southern California-based IndyMac a spin-off of?

Hypothesis: The failure of IndyMac Bank on July 11, 2008, was the fourth largest bank failure in United States history up until the crisis precipitated even larger failures, and the second largest failure of a regulated thrift.


Premise: Which terminal was expanded in the San Diego International Airport in 2013?

Hypothesis: Notable efforts are improvements to San Diego freeways, expansion of San Diego Airport, and doubling the capacity of the cruise ship terminal of the port.


Premise: On what date did the American Idol finals begin?

Hypothesis: For the finals, American Idol debuted a new state-of-the-art set and stage on March 11, 2008, along with a new on-air look.


Premise: What kind of hurling do the women of Cork play?

Hypothesis: Camogie (hurling for ladies) and women's gaelic football are increasing in popularity.


Premise: What is Kalamkari?

Hypothesis: This craft is distinguished in having both a Hindu style, known as Srikalahasti and entirely done by hand, and an Islamic style, known as Machilipatnam that uses both hand and block techniques.


Premise: What are several of the gates backed policies

Hypothesis: Several Gates-backed policies such as small schools, charter schools, and increasing class sizes have been expensive and disruptive, but some studies indicate they have not improved educational outcomes and may have caused harm.


Premise: How did the Egyptian people feel about Nasser's response to the attack?

Hypothesis: His failure to respond to Israeli military action demonstrated the ineffectiveness of his armed forces and constituted a blow to his growing popularity.


Premise: What is the country's largest university?

Hypothesis: It was founded on 18 July 1849 in Montevideo, where most of its buildings and facilities are still located.


Premise: Besides Chief Tamasese, how many Mau died as a result of the violence that erupted on that day?

Hypothesis: When he resisted, a struggle developed between the police and the Mau.


Premise: What did Queen Victoria hope for the marriage between her daughter and Prince Frederick William?

Hypothesis: Eleven days after Orsini's assassination attempt in France, Victoria's eldest daughter married Prince Frederick William of Prussia in London.


Premise: What are produced in cell division?

Hypothesis: Unlike in multicellular organisms, increases in cell size (cell growth) and reproduction by cell division are tightly linked in unicellular organisms.


Premise: How old is most of the housing in Philadelphia?

Hypothesis: For much of Philadelphia's history, the typical home has been the row house.


Premise: Pilote cartoonists were upset with censorship and what?

Hypothesis: Adult-oriented and experimental comics flourished in the 1970s, such as in the experimental science fiction of Mœbius and others in Métal hurlant, even mainstream publishers took to publishing prestige-format adult comics.


Premise: What did Elizabeth's mother call Philip?

Hypothesis: " Elizabeth's mother was reported, in later biographies, to have opposed the union initially, even dubbing Philip "The Hun".


Premise: What was Fantasia's coronation song?

Hypothesis: The performance of "Summertime" by Barrino, later known simply as "Fantasia", at Top 8 was widely praised, and Simon Cowell considered it as his favorite Idol moment in the nine seasons he was on the show.


Premise: As of May 2014, what was Robert Patton's job title?

Hypothesis: The prisoner had to be tasered to restrain him prior to the execution, and the lethal injection missed a vein in his groin, resulting in Lockett regaining consciousness, trying to get up, and to speak, before dying of a heart attack 43 minutes later, after the attempted execution had been called off.


Premise: What kind of conflict can arise during a show?

Hypothesis: Often, individual matches will be part of a longer storyline conflict between "babyfaces" (often shortened to just "faces") and "heels".


Premise: Along with Hightown and Redbridge, what's the third fire station in Southampton?

Hypothesis: There are three fire stations within the city boundaries at St Mary's, Hightown and Redbridge.


Premise: The Noble Eightfold Path is also known as what?

Hypothesis: Mahayana Buddhism instead aspires to Buddhahood via the bodhisattva path, a state wherein one remains in this cycle to help other beings reach awakening.


Premise: When did enantiornithes become extinct?

Hypothesis: The first large, diverse lineage of short-tailed avialans to evolve were the enantiornithes, or "opposite birds", so named because the construction of their shoulder bones was in reverse to that of modern birds.


Premise: Of what language group is the Marshallese language?

Hypothesis: Almost the entire population of the islands practises some religion, with three-quarters of the country either following the United Church of Christ – Congregational in the Marshall Islands (UCCCMI) or the Assemblies of God.


Premise: What was the most recent year of the Phillipines pushing for statehood?

Hypothesis: Supporters of this movement include Filipinos who believe that the quality of life in the Philippines would be higher and that there would be less poverty there if the Philippines were an American state or territory.


Premise: What does the word "races" mean as referenced in Darwin's book?

Hypothesis: An abstract of an Essay on the Origin of Species and Varieties Through natural selection, but with Murray's persuasion it was eventually changed to the snappier title: On the Origin of Species, with the title page adding by Means of Natural Selection, or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life.


Premise: What affect  did the discovery of gravitational waves have on Whitehead's theory?

Hypothesis: He articulated a view that might perhaps be regarded as dual to Einstein's general relativity, see Whitehead's theory of gravitation.


Premise: How many females were in Hyderabad for the 2011 census?

Hypothesis: Consequently, the population increased by 87%, from 3,637,483 in the 2001 census to 6,809,970 in the 2011 census, 24% of which are migrants from elsewhere in India,:2 making Hyderabad the nation's fourth most populous city.


Premise: What month and day did Watson and Bell have a breakthrough?

Hypothesis: On June 2, 1875, Watson accidentally plucked one of the reeds and Bell, at the receiving end of the wire, heard the overtones of the reed; overtones that would be necessary for transmitting speech.


Premise: Who was targeted for defrauding the electoral process, in Ohio?

Hypothesis: It should not be a surprise that the Republicans are willing to do things that are unethical to manipulate elections.


Premise: What did Montini strive to reestablish to help persecuted Jews and allied soldiers?

Hypothesis: At the request of the pope, together with Pascalina Lehnert, Ferdinando Baldelli and Otto Faller, he created the Pontificia Commissione di Assistenza, which aided large number of Romans and refugees from everywhere with shelter, food and other material assistance.


Premise: During the 13th century, what did Southampton get in trade for English cloth and wool?

Hypothesis: Southampton Castle was built in the 12th century and by the 13th century Southampton had become a leading port, particularly involved in the import of French wine in exchange for English cloth and wool.


Premise: What is the power given to the supreme court and lower courts called?

Hypothesis: If a court's judges do not have such attributes, the court may not exercise the judicial power of the United States.


Premise: Early papermakers added alum to help in what process?

Hypothesis: Alum was added to paper to assist in sizing, making it somewhat water resistant so that inks did not "run" or spread uncontrollably.


Premise: Who had the home field advantage in 1983?

Hypothesis: In the 1983 World Series the Baltimore Orioles of the AL had home field advantage.


Premise: On which date did hostilities between the German and French troops begin near Orleans?

Hypothesis: On 10 October, hostilities began between German and French republican forces near Orléans.


Premise: What is Whitehead's belief regarding the importance of relations?

Hypothesis: But in Whitehead's view, relations take a primary role, perhaps even more important than the relata themselves.


Premise: What was established in the Maccabean Revolt?

Hypothesis: The conflict erupted in 167 BCE with the Maccabean Revolt, which succeeded in establishing an independent Hasmonean Kingdom in Judah, which later expanded over much of modern Israel, as the Seleucids gradually lost control in the region.


Premise: When was Jones removed from the show?

Hypothesis: However, on March 14, Jones was disqualified in 12th place for concealing arrests and outstanding warrants.


Premise: Somerset House was designed by whom?

Hypothesis: But as the period came to an end many commercial projects were becoming sufficiently large, and well-funded, to become "architectural in intention", rather than having their design left to the lesser class of "surveyors".


Premise: What happened to Francis after his attempt to shoot Victoria?

Hypothesis: On 29 May 1842, Victoria was riding in a carriage along The Mall, London, when John Francis aimed a pistol at her but the gun did not fire; he escaped.


Premise: How much did '1941' earn?

Hypothesis: it was seen as a disappointment, mainly with the critics.


Premise: What two countries produced more petroleum than Russia in 1961?

Hypothesis: It was, by 1961, the third largest producer of petroleum due to new discoveries in the Volga-Urals region and Siberia, trailing only the United States and Saudi Arabia.


Premise: In the story told by mystic Rabbi Elijah of Chelm, one of the German's family members rescued Jews in Palestine and carried them back to where in order to repay a previous favor?

Hypothesis: So when the knights of the First Crusade came to siege Jerusalem, one of Dolberger's family members who was among them rescued Jews in Palestine and carried them back to Worms to repay the favor.


Premise: How much was casino revenue in 2006?

Hypothesis: In the wake of the closures and declining revenue from casinos, Governor Christie said in September 2014 that the state would consider a 2015 referendum to end the 40-year-old monopoly that Atlantic City holds on casino gambling and allowing gambling in other municipalities.


Premise: What kind of activists were arrested in Almaty?

Hypothesis: There were reports that Uighur activists were arrested and some were deported back to China.


Premise: What sentence was given to the absent King Idris?

Hypothesis: They purged monarchists and members of Idris' Senussi clan from Libya's political world and armed forces; Gaddafi believed this elite were opposed to the will of the Libyan people and had to be expunged.


Premise: Roger Sherman once lived in Chapel Street, in modern day what is the name building that sit in its' place?

Hypothesis: The cemetery is known for its grand Egyptian Revival gateway.


Premise: What was Planck studying in the last part of the nineteenth century?

Hypothesis: The electromagnetic field obeys laws of motion similarly to a mass on a spring, and can come to thermal equilibrium with hot atoms.


Premise: Is an original destroyed when transferred to digital format?

Hypothesis: For example, Nimbus Records uses a specially built horn record player to transfer 78s.


Premise: What was the population of Israel in 2016?

Hypothesis: The population of Israel, as defined by the Israel Central Bureau of Statistics, was estimated in 2016 to be 8,476,600 people.


Premise: What year did Cixi die?

Hypothesis: The Guangxu Emperor died on November 14, 1908, and on November 15, 1908, Cixi also died.


Premise: What kind of climate is exemplary of southern Europe?

Hypothesis: The Mediterranean climate covers much of Portugal, Spain, Southeast France, Italy, Croatia, Albania, Montenegro, Greece, the Western and Southern coastal regions of Turkey as well as the Mediterranean islands.


Premise: Who was the season two winner of American Idol?

Hypothesis: Ruben Studdard emerged as the winner, beating Clay Aiken by a small margin.


Premise: The violin, cello, contrabass and what other instrument form the string section of the orchestra?

Hypothesis: Brass instruments included the buccin, the ophicleide (a serpent replacement which was the precursor of tuba) and the natural horn.


Premise: What is around the ring?

Hypothesis: Three horizontal ropes or cables surround the ring, suspended with turnbuckles which are connected to the posts.


Premise: Who made the second reference to the word Christian in the Bible?

Hypothesis: The first recorded use of the term (or its cognates in other languages) is in the New Testament, in Acts 11:26, after Barnabas brought Saul (Paul) to Antioch where they taught the disciples for about a year, the text says: "[...] the disciples were called Christians first in Antioch."


Premise: Along with food aid, what is most at risk in these countries?

Hypothesis: Food aid can be directly and physically diverted from its intended destination, or indirectly through the manipulation of assessments, targeting, registration and distributions to favor certain groups or individuals.


Premise: When did the Former Han period begin?

Hypothesis: To this day, China's majority ethnic group refers to itself as the "Han people" and the Chinese script is referred to as "Han characters".


Premise: Which al-Qaeda cell were the 9/11 hijackers members of?

Hypothesis: members of al-Qaeda's Hamburg cell – intentionally crashed two airliners into the Twin Towers of the World Trade Center in New York City.


Premise: Who, at the start of the primaries, had the most single campaign contributors?

Hypothesis: In the race for individual contributions, economist Lyndon LaRouche dominated the pack leading up to the primaries.


Premise: When was the first computer worm released?

Hypothesis: The software was traced back to 23-year-old Cornell University graduate student Robert Tappan Morris, Jr. who said 'he wanted to count how many machines were connected to the Internet'.


Premise: What did the safety system consist of?

Hypothesis: It consisted of a beam pushed outwards by a steel spring.


Premise: In 1978, what famous attacks occured at Northwestern?

Hypothesis: Relations between Evanston and Northwestern were strained throughout much of the post-war era because of episodes of disruptive student activism, disputes over municipal zoning, building codes, and law enforcement, as well as restrictions on the sale of alcohol near campus until 1972.


Premise: In what year was the Musee de quai Branly built?

Hypothesis: Most of the postwar's presidents of the Fifth Republic wanted to leave their own monuments in Paris; President Georges Pompidou started the Centre Georges Pompidou (1977),


Premise: What two specific points of data do systems need to figure out to get local time?

Hypothesis: However, even if UTC is used internally, the systems still require information on time zones to correctly calculate local time where it is needed.


Premise: What culture and religion did Fathers of the Church correlate with heresy?

Hypothesis: The Church Fathers identified Jews and Judaism with heresy.


Premise: Where is East First Street located?

Hypothesis: Marble Hill is also within the borough of Manhattan, so the highest street number in the borough is 228th Street.


Premise: How was this island chain created?

Hypothesis: It is the southernmost and largest island in the Mariana island chain and is also the largest island in Micronesia.


Premise: In what year was the language of the Yi people standardized?

Hypothesis: The Southwest University for Nationalities has one of China's most prominent Tibetology departments, and the Southwest Minorities Publishing House prints literature in minority languages.


Premise: What was the name given to the 20th century Great British revival Georgian architecture.

Hypothesis: Georgian architecture is the name given in most English-speaking countries to the set of architectural styles current between 1714 and 1830.


Premise: What date was the charter regarding Southampton's tax farm signed at Orival?

Hypothesis: The definition of the port of Southampton was apparently broader than today and embraced all of the area between Lymington and Langstone.


Premise: What year did New Haven finally integrated bike lanes to most of the city?

Hypothesis: As of the end of 2012, bicycle lanes have also been added in both directions on Dixwell Avenue along most of the street from downtown to the Hamden town line, as well as along Howard Avenue from Yale New Haven Hospital to City Point.


Premise: What kind of progression did Vestiges of the Natural History of Creation propose?

Hypothesis: But it proposed a linear progression rather than the branching common descent theory behind Darwin's work in progress, and it ignored adaptation.


Premise: When did Turkey begin to use the Gregorian calendar for fiscal means?

Hypothesis: Prior to 1917, Turkey used the lunar Islamic calendar with the Hegira era for general purposes and the Julian calendar for fiscal purposes.


Premise: Greece, Finland, Romania and Turkey use what kind of government?

Hypothesis: The post of prime minister may be encountered both in constitutional monarchies (such as Belgium, Denmark, Japan, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Malaysia, Morocco, Spain, Sweden, Thailand, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, and the United Kingdom), and in parliamentary republics in which the head of state is an elected official (such as Finland ,the Czech Republic, France, Greece, Hungary, India, Indonesia, Ireland, Pakistan, Portugal, Montenegro, Croatia, Bulgaria, Romania, Serbia and Turkey).


Premise: Who wrote that exciting facts lead to emotions?

Hypothesis: In his theory, James proposed that the perception of what he called an "exciting fact" directly led to a physiological response, known as "emotion."


Premise: What did the city provide during the Great Depression?

Hypothesis: During the difficult 1930s of the Great Depression, government at all levels was integral to creating jobs.


Premise: What religion was Kino?

Hypothesis: Eventually the town came to be called "Tucson" and became a part of Sonora after Mexico gained independence from Spain in 1821.


Premise: By what year had most local stores been assimilated into larger chain operations?

Hypothesis: All major cities have their distinctive local department stores, which anchored the downtown shopping district until the arrival of the malls in the 1960s.


Premise: What do caged birds display that corresponds with migratory direction in nature?

Hypothesis: The occurrence of Zugunruhe even in cage-raised birds with no environmental cues (e.g. shortening of day and falling temperature) has pointed to the role of circannual endogenous programs in controlling bird migrations.


Premise: Service was mandatory for all men sharing which feature?

Hypothesis: Service was compulsory for all of men of military age, and thus Prussia and its North and South German allies could mobilise and field some 1,000,000 soldiers in time of war.


Premise: What year was Canis familiaris listed under Canis lupus?

Hypothesis: The dog is now listed among the many other Latin-named subspecies of Canis lupus as Canis lupus familiaris.


Premise: At this time what classes became bilingual?

Hypothesis: With the union of the crowns of Castille and Aragon (1479), the use of Spanish gradually became more prestigious.


Premise: What did the soviets opposed rebuilding?

Hypothesis: The Soviet Union created the Eastern Bloc of countries that it occupied, annexing some as Soviet Socialist Republics and maintaining others as satellite states that would later form the Warsaw Pact.


Premise: What did Shurden claim was never ideal, has often produced positive results?

Hypothesis: He claims that even schism, though never ideal, has often produced positive results.


Premise: In what year did Paramount Pictures purchase DreamWorks?

Hypothesis: In late 2005, Viacom's Paramount Pictures acquired DreamWorks SKG after acquisition talks between GE and DreamWorks stalled.