Premise: Carolingian minuscule script quickly spread across which continent?

Hypothesis: These in turn formed the foundations for the Carolingian minuscule script, developed by Alcuin for use in the court of Charlemagne, which quickly spread across Europe.


Premise: What did samurai wives spend most of their time on?

Hypothesis: Maintaining the household was the main duty of samurai women.


Premise: What kind of training classes are offered at CTC?

Hypothesis: The CTCs offer training in basic carpentry, gardening and farming, sewing and cooking.


Premise: What are some distinguishing glacial features?

Hypothesis: Glaciers slowly deform and flow due to stresses induced by their weight, creating crevasses, seracs, and other distinguishing features.


Premise: How much of Estonia is ethnic Russians?

Hypothesis: Ethnic Russians constitute 25.5% of the country's current population and 58.6% of the native Estonian population is also able to speak Russian.


Premise: How did de Melo contribute to the study of seismology?

Hypothesis: The new city centre of Lisbon was designed to resist subsequent earthquakes.


Premise: Around how many casualties did the French experience at the Battle of Aspern-Essling?

Hypothesis: It was the first defeat Napoleon suffered in a major set-piece battle, and it caused excitement throughout many parts of Europe because it proved that he could be beaten on the battlefield.


Premise: In what year did Essentials Jr. replace Funday Night at the Movies?

Hypothesis: Who Knew Too Much.


Premise: At what event did Sony tell everyone about the CECH-4000?

Hypothesis: The Garnet Red version was released in North America on March 12, 2013 as part of the God of War: Ascension bundle with 500 GB storage and contained God of War:


Premise: In the end what was the Soviet Union's Transformator system used for?

Hypothesis: It was a research project and the system was never deployed by either the military or consumer broadcasting.


Premise: What is one typical bird found in the range?

Hypothesis: (Bonasa umbellus), mourning dove (Zenaida macroura), common raven (Corvus corax), wood duck (Aix sponsa), great horned owl (Bubo virginianus), barred owl (Strix varia), screech owl (Megascops asio), red-tailed hawk (Buteo jamaicensis), red-shouldered hawk (Buteo lineatus), and northern goshawk (Accipiter gentilis), as well as a great variety of "songbirds" (Passeriformes), like the warblers in particular.


Premise: What are three characteristics that can be employed to characterize southern Europe?

Hypothesis: Different methods can be used to define southern Europe, including its political, economic, and cultural attributes.


Premise: Who revoked the King of Poland's sovereignty over Prussia in 1660?

Hypothesis: When Maximilian died, Albert's line died out, and the Duchy of Prussia passed to the Electors of Brandenburg, forming Brandenburg-Prussia.


Premise: What are the reasons that lead to a decline of child labour?

Hypothesis: Due to this problematic trend, many parents developed a change of opinion when deciding whether or not to send their children to work.


Premise: What were the total revenues of the Premier League in the 2009-10 season?

Hypothesis: In 2013–14, due to improved television revenues and cost controls, the Premier League had net profits in excess of £78 million, exceeding all other football leagues.


Premise: Pain which is distinctly located also activates what cortices?

Hypothesis: Spinal cord fibers dedicated to carrying A-delta fiber pain signals, and others that carry both A-delta and C fiber pain signals up the spinal cord to the thalamus in the brain have been identified.


Premise: What was the name of Kanye's third record?

Hypothesis: In addition, West drew musical inspiration from arena rock bands such as The Rolling Stones, U2, and Led Zeppelin in terms of melody and chord progression.


Premise: What kind of telegraph did Bell create?

Hypothesis: Since he had agreed to share U.S. profits with his investors Gardiner Hubbard and Thomas Sanders, Bell requested that an associate in Ontario, George Brown, attempt to patent it in Britain, instructing his lawyers to apply for a patent in the U.S. only after they received word from Britain (Britain would issue patents only for discoveries not previously patented elsewhere).


Premise: How many members are in the Supreme court?

Hypothesis: Members are nominated to the court by the president and are confirmed by the Senate, serving until the age of 70.


Premise: Is there a universal definition of astham?

Hypothesis: While asthma is a well recognized condition, there is not one universal agreed upon definition.


Premise: Which Franciscan monk motivated the peasants to fight against Muslims at the Siege of Belgrade?

Hypothesis: This battle became a real Crusade against the Muslims, as the peasants were motivated by the Franciscan monk Saint John of Capistrano, who came from Italy predicating Holy War.


Premise: What is the MSA of Raleigh?

Hypothesis: The Raleigh Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) had an estimated population of 1,214,516 in 2013.


Premise: What did the United States turn it's industry to in the two years folloing the Battle of Midway?

Hypothesis: Midway proved to be the last great naval battle for two years.


Premise: Security for Tito's visit was unusually high to keep Tito away from what individuals?

Hypothesis: Security for the state visits was usually high to keep him away from protesters, who would frequently burn the Yugoslav flag.


Premise: How many housing units were built in the Bronx in 2002-2007?

Hypothesis: Between 2002 and June 2007, 33,687 new units of housing were built or were under way and $4.8 billion has been invested in new housing.


Premise: Who denounced many nobles?

Hypothesis: Hundreds of such false nobles were denounced by Hieronim Nekanda Trepka in his Liber generationis plebeanorium (or Liber chamorum) in the first half of the 16th century.


Premise: In 2007 what was Iran spending 2.6% of its GDP on?

Hypothesis: In 2014 arms spending the country spent $15 billion and was outspent by the states of the Gulf Cooperation Council by a factor of 13.


Premise: Who experimented with bitumen extraction techniques to make shipping easier?

Hypothesis: In 1915, Sidney Ells of the Federal Mines Branch experimented with separation techniques and used the bitumen to pave 600 feet of road in Edmonton, Alberta.


Premise: What is the Israeli term for prime minister?

Hypothesis: In many cases, though commonly used, "prime minister" is not the official title of the office-holder; the Spanish prime minister is the President of the Government (Presidente del Gobierno).


Premise: When did the Sweet Adelines change their name to acknowledge their international reach?

Hypothesis: In 1953 Sweet Adelines became an international organization, although it didn't change its name to Sweet Adelines International until 1991.


Premise: Where are the TImberwolves based?

Hypothesis: National Basketball Association teams play eight preseason games per year.


Premise: What type of people were the Grand Duchy of Lithuania?

Hypothesis: Many noble Ruthenian families intermarried with Lithuanian ones.


Premise: How many citizens in Israel are Jewish?

Hypothesis: It is the world's only Jewish-majority state, with 6,345,400 citizens, or 74.9%, being designated as Jewish.


Premise: Where did Cerón's expedition begin?

Hypothesis: On October 1, he found another group of islands where he went ashore for eight days, exchanged gifts with the local inhabitants and took on water.


Premise: How many jobs are in the secondary sector?

Hypothesis: The number of jobs in the secondary sector was 15,476 of which 7,650 or (49.4%) were in manufacturing, 51 or (0.3%) were in mining and 6,389 (41.3%) were in construction.


Premise: What did the person who Chopin went with to Berlin do for his work?

Hypothesis: In September 1828 Chopin, while still a student, visited Berlin with a family friend, zoologist Feliks Jarocki, enjoying operas directed by Gaspare Spontini and attending concerts by Carl Friedrich Zelter, Felix Mendelssohn and other celebrities.


Premise: According to the census survey carried out between 15 June and 31 July 2004, what was Montevideo's female population?

Hypothesis: According to the census survey carried out between 15 June and 31 July 2004, Montevideo had a population of 1,325,968 persons, compared to Uruguay's total population of 3,241,003.


Premise: Which museum feature the original copy of the Gutenberg Bible?

Hypothesis: The Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library features an original copy of the Gutenberg Bible.


Premise: What accounts for 16.9% of Switzerland's exported goods?

Hypothesis: Exported services amount to a third of exports.


Premise: What type of band are Backstreet Boys and Westlife?

Hypothesis: Generally, Hot AC radio stations target their music output towards the 18-54 age group and a demographic audience of both men and women.


Premise: A section of 155th Street connects Harlem River Drive and what Avenue?

Hypothesis: 155th Street starts on the West Side at Riverside Drive, crossing Broadway, Amsterdam Avenue and St. Nicholas Avenue.


Premise: What happens as a record wears?

Hypothesis: A further limitation of the gramophone record is that fidelity steadily declines as playback progresses; there is more vinyl per second available for fine reproduction of high frequencies at the large-diameter beginning of the groove than exist at the smaller-diameters close to the end of the side.


Premise: Who did Rolpe Dorje send as envoys to court in Nanjing?

Hypothesis: Rolpe Dorje, 4th Karmapa Lama (1340–1383) rejected the Hongwu Emperor's invitation, although he did send some disciples as envoys to the court in Nanjing.


Premise: James Bennett Pritchard wrote what?

Hypothesis: For example, a high point in the use of "Ancient Near East" was for Biblical scholars the Ancient Near Eastern Texts relating to the Old Testament by James Bennett Pritchard, a textbook of first edition dated 1950.


Premise: Germanic, Romance, Slavic, and Greek all has old terms for "green" which are derived from words for what?

Hypothesis: However, comparative linguistics makes clear that these terms were coined independently, over the past few millennia, and there is no identifiable single Proto-Indo-European or word for "green".


Premise: In antiquity, most Jews in Gaul or Germany probably occupied what two roles?

Hypothesis: No evidence has yet been found of a Jewish presence in antiquity in Germany beyond its Roman border, nor in Eastern Europe.


Premise: What do critics of the Jehovah's Witnesses accuse the religion's leaders of exercising over members?

Hypothesis: Other critics charge that by disparaging individual decision-making, the religion's leaders cultivate a system of unquestioning obedience in which Witnesses abrogate all responsibility and rights over their personal lives.


Premise: What is the lifestyle of hunter-gatherers?

Hypothesis: Mobile communities typically construct shelters using impermanent building materials, or they may use natural rock shelters, where they are available.


Premise: What were some different genres that emerged from ancient India's oral literary traditions?

Hypothesis: In ancient India, literature originated from stories that were originally orally transmitted.


Premise: Who was 22nd of chart?

Hypothesis: Census-wise, the state is placed 21st on the population chart, followed by Tripura at 22nd place.


Premise: Approximately how many Russians were hurt, killed, or captured in the Battle of Borodino?

Hypothesis: The Russians eventually offered battle outside Moscow on 7 September: the Battle of Borodino resulted in approximately 44,000 Russian and 35,000 French dead, wounded or captured, and may have been the bloodiest day of battle in history up to that point in time.


Premise: Who was the Lady Sacred Mountain?

Hypothesis: Another important Sumerian hieros gamos was that between Ki, here known as Ninhursag or "Lady Sacred Mountain", and Enki of Eridu, the god of fresh water which brought forth greenery and pasture.


Premise: What decade saw the birth of the soft adult contemporary format?

Hypothesis: WEEI-FM in Boston was the first station to use the term "soft rock", with ad slogans such as, "Fleetwood Mac ... without the yack" and "Joni ... without the baloney".


Premise: What other than additives can give glass a yellow color?

Hypothesis: Ordinary soda-lime glass appears colorless to the naked eye when it is thin, although iron(II) oxide (FeO) impurities of up to 0.1 wt% produce a green tint, which can be viewed in thick pieces or with the aid of scientific instruments.


Premise: What US cities have more impressive skylines than Miami's?

Hypothesis: Since 2001, Miami has been undergoing a large building boom with more than 50 skyscrapers rising over 400 feet (122 m) built or currently under construction in the city.


Premise: What was the first botanical garden at an Italian university?

Hypothesis: In the mid-16th century, "botanical gardens" were founded in a number of Italian universities – the Padua botanical garden in 1545 is usually considered to be the first which is still in its original location.


Premise: Which tribe was the enemy of the Seven Nations of Canada?

Hypothesis: Therefore, the Algonquin and the Seven Nations were interested in fighting against the Iroquois.


Premise: Who tried to establish a rival foothold at Bolama?

Hypothesis: For a brief period in the 1790s, the British tried to establish a rival foothold on an offshore island, at Bolama.


Premise: Who succeeded Stalin?

Hypothesis: Fears decreased when Stalin died in 1953 and Nikita Khruschev emerged as the Soviet Union's new leader.


Premise: Which French city did not recognize the Rot-un-Wiss flag?

Hypothesis: The German region Hesse uses a flag similar to the Rot-un-Wiss.


Premise: Who paid for the Yongying?

Hypothesis: Although the Banners and Green Standard armies lingered on as a drain on resources, henceforth the Yongying corps became the Qing government's de facto first-line troops.


Premise: Which Chinese broadcaster has Premier League rights?

Hypothesis: As of the 2013–14 season, Canadian broadcast rights to the Premier League are jointly owned by Sportsnet and TSN, with both rival networks holding rights to 190 matches per season.


Premise: What did the studies reveal about men and their declared sexual preference?

Hypothesis: On the contrary, men's sexual arousal patterns tend to be more in line with their stated orientations, with heterosexual men showing more penis arousal to female-female sexual activity and less arousal to female-male and male-male sexual stimuli, and homosexual and bisexual men being more aroused by films depicting male-male intercourse and less aroused by other stimuli.


Premise: Along with sculptures, what type of art have people been making out of wood for centuries?

Hypothesis: Wood has long been used as an artistic medium.


Premise: What does MTBC stand for?

Hypothesis: A comparison of the genes of M. tuberculosis complex (MTBC) in humans to MTBC in animals suggests humans did not acquire MTBC from animals during animal domestication, as was previously believed.


Premise: How were working conditions and employment at the end of Nasser's presidency?

Hypothesis: By the end of his presidency, employment and working conditions improved considerably, although poverty was still high in the country and substantial resources allocated for social welfare had been diverted to the war effort.


Premise: What are two reasons why the economy was not able to progress following the civil war?

Hypothesis: However, economic progress was badly hurt by slumping oil prices and the resumption of armed conflict in December 1998, which worsened the republic's budget deficit.


Premise: What is the major limitation of traditional character encodings?

Hypothesis: Many traditional character encodings share a common problem in that they allow bilingual computer processing (usually using Latin characters and the local script), but not multilingual computer processing (computer processing of arbitrary scripts mixed with each other).


Premise: Which is Australia's busiest port?

Hypothesis: The Port of Melbourne is Australia's largest container and general cargo port and also its busiest.


Premise: What is professional wrestling?

Hypothesis: Professional wrestling (colloquially abbreviated to pro wrestling or wrestling) is an athletic form of entertainment based on a portrayal of a combat sport.


Premise: What amount of energy must a capacitor contain in order to be generally considered dangerous?

Hypothesis: Any capacitor containing over 10 joules of energy is generally considered hazardous, while 50 joules or higher is potentially lethal.


Premise: What type of is Wigan and Leigh College?

Hypothesis: Hyderabad also has schools of fashion design including Raffles Millennium International, NIFT Hyderabad and Wigan and Leigh College.


Premise: What type of songs are in Confessions of a Dance floor?

Hypothesis: Madonna returned to pure dance songs with Confessions on a Dance Floor, infusing club beats and retro music with the lyrics about paradoxical metaphors and reference to her earlier works.


Premise: Greece's economy is what size?

Hypothesis: Greece is the number-two foreign investor of capital in Albania, the number-three foreign investor in Bulgaria, at the top-three of foreign investors in Romania and Serbia and the most important trading partner and largest foreign investor of the Republic of Macedonia.


Premise: What period in history do we see the emergence of German culture?

Hypothesis: The process was gradual and lacked any clear definition, and the use of exonyms designating "the Germans" develops only during the High Middle Ages.


Premise: When did Chopin and Sand become lovers?

Hypothesis: Sand, who was six years older than the composer, and who had had a series of lovers, wrote at this time: "I must say I was confused and amazed at the effect this little creature had on me ...


Premise: How much time does the average person spend watching youtube videos each day?

Hypothesis: Google does not provide detailed figures for YouTube's running costs, and YouTube's revenues in 2007 were noted as "not material" in a regulatory filing.


Premise: What does Bellah use the term "civil religion' to describe?

Hypothesis: He used the term "Civil Religion" to describe the specific relation between politics and religion in the United States.


Premise: What Uncle was Victoria's favorite adviser?

Hypothesis: Victoria wrote to her uncle Leopold, whom Victoria considered her "best and kindest adviser", to thank him "for the prospect of great happiness you have contributed to give me, in the person of dear Albert ...


Premise: Of what were the Satavahanas patrons?

Hypothesis: They are known for their patronage of Hinduism and Buddhism which resulted in Buddhist monuments from Ellora (a UNESCO World Heritage Site) to Amaravati.


Premise: Olduwan, Mousterian, and Levalloisian are all types of what?

Hypothesis: Further cultural subdivisions according to tool types, such as Olduwan or Mousterian or Levalloisian help archaeologists and other anthropologists in understanding major trends in the human past.[citation needed]


Premise: Despite an apparent lead by Bush early on, what was thought to be a concern?

Hypothesis: Bush had established a lead of around 130,000 votes but the Democrats pointed to provisional ballots that had yet to be counted, initially reported to number as high as 200,000.


Premise: What polymer is found in spores and pollen?

Hypothesis: Plants synthesize a number of unique polymers like the polysaccharide molecules cellulose, pectin and xyloglucan from which the land plant cell wall is constructed.


Premise: What was the name of the doctor who performed the surgery that ended up killing Donda West?

Hypothesis: She never met with the doctor recommended by Aboolian and had the procedures performed by a third doctor, Jan Adams.


Premise: What problem did the hardware modification cause with later games?

Hypothesis: Alternatively, disconnecting one pin of the console's lockout chip will prevent it from locking the console; hardware in later games can detect this situation, so it later became common to install a switch to reconnect the lockout chip as needed.


Premise: Does the amount of grey matter in the brain increase linearly or follow an inverted-U pattern over the course of adolescence?

Hypothesis: Through a process called synaptic pruning, unnecessary neuronal connections in the brain are eliminated and the amount of grey matter is pared down.


Premise: What other conditions can cause wheezing?

Hypothesis: Bronchiolitis and other viral infections may also produce wheezing.


Premise: What does the all caps word LORD used in some bibles represent?

Hypothesis: The same holds for Hebrew El, but in Judaism, God is also given a proper name, the tetragrammaton YHWH, in origin possibly the name of an Edomite or Midianite deity, Yahweh.


Premise: What was always in question from the beginning of the Ottoman Empire?

Hypothesis: It has pleased western historians to write of a decline of the Ottoman Empire as though a stable and uncontested polity of that name once existed.


Premise: What novel influenced Nasser greatly?

Hypothesis: Nasser later credited the novel as his inspiration to launch the 1952 revolution.


Premise: in 1880, how many dance halls were in Paris?

Hypothesis: Paris became a major centre for jazz and still attracts jazz musicians from all around the world to its clubs and cafés.


Premise: What do Christians believe is the way to salvation?

Hypothesis: Philosopher Michael Martin, in his book The Case Against Christianity, evaluated three historical Christian creeds (the Apostles' Creed, the Nicene Creed and the Athanasian Creed) to establish a set of basic assumptions which include belief in theism, the historicity of Jesus, the Incarnation, salvation through faith in Jesus, and Jesus as an ethical role model.


Premise: How are torque motors used in computer gaming?

Hypothesis: A common application of a torque motor would be the supply- and take-up reel motors in a tape drive.


Premise: Who translated 'Reflections on the Revolution in France' into French?

Hypothesis: A French translation appeared on 29 November and on 30 November the translator, Pierre-Gaëton Dupont, wrote to Burke saying 2,500 copies had already been sold.


Premise: When did the Zahringer ruling family rise to power?

Hypothesis: The medieval city is a foundation of the Zähringer ruling family, which rose to power in Upper Burgundy in the 12th century.


Premise: who provides cloud services?

Hypothesis: Other services include virtual server, cloud services, or physical server operation.


Premise: What is the shortened reference for the Kobylańska Catalogue?

Hypothesis: The present standard musicological reference for Chopin's works is the Kobylańska Catalogue (usually represented by the initials 'KK'), named for its compiler, the Polish musicologist Krystyna Kobylańska.


Premise: Along with evaluations and thoughts, what cognitive activity did theorists believe to be required for emotion?

Hypothesis: With the two-factor theory now incorporating cognition, several theories began to argue that cognitive activity in the form of judgments, evaluations, or thoughts were entirely necessary for an emotion to occur.


Premise: Who was the reformist that had the backing of Ottoman admirals during the Russo-Turkish war?

Hypothesis: Following the Young Turk Revolution in 1908, the Committee of Union and Progress sought to develop a strong Ottoman naval force.


Premise: What did John Knox do when he returned to Scotland after studying under Calvin?

Hypothesis: King James VI and I moved the Church of Scotland towards an episcopal form of government, and in 1637, James' successor, Charles I and William Laud, the Archbishop of Canterbury, attempted to force the Church of Scotland to use the Book of Common Prayer.


Premise: What is the second purpose of air defence?

Hypothesis: The essence of air defence is to detect hostile aircraft and destroy them.


Premise: What was the name of the settlement that was assessed after the evactuation?

Hypothesis: The following year a Royal Society expedition went to the islands to assess the damage, and reported that the settlement of Edinburgh of the Seven Seas had been only marginally affected.


Premise: What did the Guptas promote in their reigns?

Hypothesis: The Gupta period marked a watershed of Indian culture: the Guptas performed Vedic sacrifices to legitimize their rule, but they also patronized Buddhism, which continued to provide an alternative to Brahmanical orthodoxy.


Premise: How did maps show Africa Before 1880?

Hypothesis: European countries established a few coastal colonies in Africa by the mid-nineteenth century, which included Cape Colony (Great Britain), Angola (Portugal), and Algeria (France), but until the late nineteenth century Europe largely traded with free African states without feeling the need for territorial possession.


Premise: What sound does Dutch still use from Proto-Germanic that was phased out in other Germanic languages?

Hypothesis: Unlike other Germanic languages, Dutch doesn't have phonological aspiration of consonants.


Premise: Who was responsible for constructing the Jantar Mantar?

Hypothesis: The primary purpose of the observatory was to compile astronomical tables, and to predict the times and movements of the sun, moon and planets.


Premise: On what date was the 2015 Human Development Report released?

Hypothesis: Below is the list of the "very high human development" countries:


Premise: How do freight elevators differ from passenger elevators?

Hypothesis: Although hydraulic freight elevators exist, electric elevators are more energy efficient for the work of freight lifting.[citation needed]


Premise: How often do female wolves enter estrus?

Hypothesis: Wolves do not have dewclaws on their back legs, unless there has been admixture with dogs.


Premise: What body of the federal government credits New Haven resident Louis Lassen with inventing the hamburger and steak sandwich?

Hypothesis: Though fiercely debated, the restaurant's founder Louis Lassen is credited by the Library of Congress with inventing the hamburger and steak sandwich.


Premise: When did many of the ideas associated with the term "race" arise?

Hypothesis: Similar ideas can be found in other cultures, for example in China, where a concept often translated as "race" was associated with supposed common descent from the Yellow Emperor, and used to stress the unity of ethnic groups in China.


Premise: What was the goal of MAD?

Hypothesis: He was afraid of a "missile gap" and took several more steps to achieve his goal of keeping up with the Soviets:


Premise: Who takes different steps to prevent infringement?

Hypothesis: Corporations and legislatures take different types of preventative measures to deter copyright infringement, with much of the focus since the early 1990s being on preventing or reducing digital methods of infringement.


Premise: How did his early relationships play a role later when Gaddafi  became a ruler?

Hypothesis: Education in Libya was not free, but his father thought it would greatly benefit his son despite the financial strain.


Premise: Who is the founder of Spalding Sporting Goods?

Hypothesis: The concept was for the players to have training and fitness before the start of the regular season.


Premise: What should one do when two readings are contradictory but balanced?

Hypothesis: In such a case, while there can be no logical reason for giving preference to the copy-text, in practice, if there is no reason for altering its reading, the obvious thing seems to be to let it stand.


Premise: When did Richards publish his mtDNA research?

Hypothesis: (2006), a significant proportion of the maternal lineages of Somalis consists of the M1 haplogroup.


Premise: What branch of law did Rome lack?

Hypothesis: However, Rome did not have a law enforcement arm.


Premise: Who founded the Han dynasty?

Hypothesis: This interregnum separates the Han dynasty into two periods: the Western Han or Former Han (206 BC – 9 AD) and the Eastern Han or Later Han (25–220 AD).


Premise: What year marked the end of Schwarzenegger's second term in the governor's office?

Hypothesis: Schwarzenegger was sworn in on November 17, to serve the remainder of Davis's term.


Premise: Who predicted Charleston would become a 'great port towne'?

Hypothesis: Not only was this location more defensible, but it also offered access to a fine natural harbor.


Premise: How many annelid genes did Torsten Struck compare for a cross-check?

Hypothesis: In 2007 Torsten Struck and colleagues compared 3 genes in 81 taxa, of which 9 were outgroups, in other words not considered closely related to annelids but included to give an indication of where the organisms under study are placed on the larger tree of life.


Premise: What video game did Spielberg come up with the concept for?

Hypothesis: In 1989, he brought the concept of The Dig to LucasArts.


Premise: Starting in what year was the Communist Party outlawed in Yugoslavia?

Hypothesis: As the Communist Party was outlawed in Yugoslavia starting on 30 December 1920, Josip Broz took on many assumed names during his activity within the Party, including "Rudi", "Walter", and "Tito."


Premise: What are the Digimon villians main goals?

Hypothesis: In many incarnations, Digimon are raised by humans called "Digidestined" or "Tamers", and they team up to defeat evil Digimon and human villains who are trying to destroy the fabric of the Digital world.


Premise: What does ADI stand for?

Hypothesis: However the notion that a person should consume eight glasses of water per day cannot be traced to a credible scientific source.


Premise: At what concentration can yeast no longer survive in alcohol?

Hypothesis: The alcohol in beer comes primarily from the metabolism of sugars that are produced during fermentation.


Premise: About how many Plymouth residents are serving in the military?

Hypothesis: Because of its coastal location, the economy of Plymouth has traditionally been maritime, in particular the defence sector with over 12,000 people employed and approximately 7,500 in the armed forces.


Premise: What two years are debated as the date in which Menander was born?

Hypothesis: Though no Hellenistic tragedy remains intact, they were still widely produced during the period, yet it seems that there was no major breakthrough in style, remaining within the classical model.


Premise: What other financial instruments had significant defaults and losses as a result of the crisis expanding from housing to other parts of the economy?

Hypothesis: The ongoing foreclosure epidemic that began in late 2006 in the U.S. continues to drain wealth from consumers and erodes the financial strength of banking institutions.


Premise: What do friendly short football tournaments have little of?

Hypothesis: Although these events may involve sponsorship deals and the awarding of a trophy and may even be broadcast on television, there is little prestige attached to them.


Premise: Ash and hickory are often used for baseball bats to comply with the rules of what organization?

Hypothesis: Many types of sports equipment are made of wood, or were constructed of wood in the past.


Premise: By what is India under the Gupta Empire referered?

Hypothesis: Classical India refers to the period when much of the Indian subcontinent was reunited under the Gupta Empire (c. 320–550 CE).


Premise: What is the usual mean temperature in Houston?

Hypothesis: In January, the normal mean temperature at Intercontinental Airport is 53.1 °F (11.7 °C), while that station has an average of 13 days with a low at or below freezing.


Premise: What is Tidal's specialization?

Hypothesis: The service specialises in lossless audio and high definition music videos.


Premise: In what year was the advent of heavier-than-air fixed-wing aircraft?

Hypothesis: The 1903 advent of heavier-than-air fixed-wing aircraft was closely followed in 1910 by the first experimental take-off of an airplane, made from the deck of a United States Navy vessel (cruiser USS Birmingham), and the first experimental landings were conducted in 1911.


Premise: What are proteins that druing replication and transcription of DNA, recognize base DNA?

Hypothesis: The transcription factor wraps around the DNA helix and uses its fingers to accurately bind to the DNA sequence.


Premise: What is the responsibility of government in Hayek's market order?

Hypothesis: In the latter half of his career Hayek made a number of contributions to social and political philosophy, which he based on his views on the limits of human knowledge, and the idea of spontaneous order in social institutions.


Premise: How many bloody noses did Spielberg get in high school?

Hypothesis: Spielberg also said he suffered from acts of anti-Semitic prejudice and bullying: "In high school, I got smacked and kicked around.


Premise: What was Zhong Yao known for?

Hypothesis: Regular script has been attributed to Zhong Yao, of the Eastern Han to Cao Wei period (c. 151–230 AD), who has been called the "father of regular script".


Premise: What percentage of fans were supportive of Everton's plans to build a new stadium in 2006?

Hypothesis: The club took the unusual move of giving its supporters a say in the club's future by holding a ballot on the proposal, finding a split of 59% to 41% in favour.


Premise: What is Maria Shriver's relation to President John F. Kennedy

Hypothesis: On April 26, 1986, Schwarzenegger married television journalist Maria Shriver, niece of President John F. Kennedy, in Hyannis, Massachusetts.


Premise: What was the model number of the slim version of the PlayStation 3?

Hypothesis: Following speculation that Sony was working on a 'slim' model, Sony officially announced the PS3 CECH-2000 model on August 18, 2009, at the Sony Gamescom press conference.


Premise: When does assention by commission occur today?

Hypothesis: " The granting of assent by the monarch in person, or by commission, is still possible, but this third form is used on a day-to-day basis.


Premise: What were the the only land mammal in New Zealand?

Hypothesis: The islands making up New Zealand originally had no land mammals apart from bats.


Premise: What types of sites were built for the deceased?

Hypothesis: These tombs are particularly numerous in Ireland, where there are many thousand still in existence.


Premise: What notable military treatise was authored by von Clausewitz?

Hypothesis: Under Conner's tutelage, he studied military history and theory (including Carl von Clausewitz's On War), and later cited Conner's enormous influence on his military thinking, saying in 1962 that "Fox Conner was the ablest man I ever knew."


Premise: What did Feynman see after the atomic test?

Hypothesis: Feynman claimed to be the only person to see the explosion without the very dark glasses or welder's lenses provided, reasoning that it was safe to look through a truck windshield, as it would screen out the harmful ultraviolet radiation.


Premise: How many copies did B'Day sell during the first week of its release?

Hypothesis: It sold 541,000 copies in its first week and debuted atop the Billboard 200, becoming Beyoncé's second consecutive number-one album in the United States.


Premise: Where were Germans that were inhabiting other lands expelled to?

Hypothesis: Between 12 and 16,5 million ethnic Germans and German citizens were expelled westwards to allied-occupied Germany.


Premise: How is Houston Public Radio funded?

Hypothesis: Houston Public Radio is listener-funded and comprises two NPR member stations: KUHF (KUHF News) and KUHA (Classical 91.7).


Premise: What social reform movements were Protestants working toward in the nineteen century?

Hypothesis: As an answer to the "social question" of the nineteenth century, Germany under Chancellor Otto von Bismarck introduced insurance programs that led the way to the welfare state (health insurance, accident insurance, disability insurance, old-age pensions).


Premise: Why did Gladstone resign in 1885?

Hypothesis: Victoria was pleased when Gladstone resigned in 1885 after his budget was defeated.


Premise: In 1833, Slavic languages were recognized as what?

Hypothesis: As early as 1833, Slavic languages were recognized as Indo-European.


Premise: Which model does Ford manufacture in their Southampton plant?

Hypothesis: The area of Swaythling is home to Ford's Southampton Assembly Plant, where the majority of their Transit models are manufactured.


Premise: How long did Whitehead and Russell expect to spend creating Principia Mathematica?

Hypothesis: Despite the initial loss, today there is likely no major academic library in the world which does not hold a copy of Principia Mathematica.


Premise: Why was there a large population of Algonquian people in Bermuda?

Hypothesis: Most of Bermuda's black population trace some of their ancestry to Native Americans, although awareness of this is largely limited to St David's Islanders and most who have such ancestry are unaware of it.


Premise: What Canadian city has the mildest winter temperature?

Hypothesis: This winter precipitation maximum is quite unusual for humid continental climates, which most commonly have a late spring or early summer precipitation maximum (for example, most of the Midwestern U.S.).


Premise: Where is St. Elizabeths medical center located?

Hypothesis: Prominent medical facilities, including Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary and Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital are located in the Beacon Hill area.


Premise: What disease plagued Europe during the Late Middle Ages?

Hypothesis: The Late Middle Ages represented a period of upheaval in Europe.


Premise: In 2003, what percentage of travellers used public transport?

Hypothesis: Despite privatisation and successive governments persisting with auto-centric urban development into the 21st century, there have since been large increases in public transport patronage, with the mode share for commuters increasing to 14.8% and 8.4% of all trips.


Premise: What is Tennessee's most populous city?

Hypothesis: Memphis is the state's largest city, with a population of 653,450.


Premise: Where in Swaziland is The Good shepherd Hospital?

Hypothesis: There are some teaching and nursing assistant colleges around the country.


Premise: What replaced Babylon as the metropolis of the lower Tigris?

Hypothesis: Antioch was founded as a metropolis and center of Greek learning which retained its status into the era of Christianity.


Premise: When does secondary schooling typically take place?

Hypothesis: Secondary education occurs mainly during the teenage years.


Premise: When did Eisenhower make an announcement stating that he would run for a second term?

Hypothesis: Initially Eisenhower planned on serving only one term, but as with other decisions, he maintained a position of maximum flexibility in case leading Republicans wanted him to run again.


Premise: What is J Dilla's occupation?

Hypothesis: The city is also home to rappers Big Sean and Danny Brown.


Premise: What type of cultures preceded Neolithic societies?

Hypothesis: Although some late Eurasian Neolithic societies formed complex stratified chiefdoms or even states, states evolved in Eurasia only with the rise of metallurgy, and most Neolithic societies on the whole were relatively simple and egalitarian.


Premise: How many Grammy Awards has Kanye West won?

Hypothesis: He has won a total of 21 Grammy Awards, making him one of the most awarded artists of all time and the most Grammy-awarded artist of his age.


Premise: What was not passed in Brazil during slavery?

Hypothesis: In contrast to the US, during the slavery period and after, the Portuguese colonial government and later Brazilian government did not pass formal anti-miscegenation or segregation laws.


Premise: What complaints did Von Neumann's neighbor's have?

Hypothesis: Von Neumann liked to eat and drink; his wife, Klara, said that he could count everything except calories.


Premise: What religion is a minority in CAR?

Hypothesis: What is today the Central African Republic has been inhabited for millennia; however, the country's current borders were established by France, which ruled the country as a colony starting in the late 19th century.


Premise: In history, where could you find someone studying politics?

Hypothesis: In each historic period and in almost every geographic area, we can find someone studying politics and increasing political understanding.


Premise: What type of rain fall does Seattle most often experience?

Hypothesis: Despite being on the margin of the rain shadow of the Olympic Mountains, the city has a reputation for frequent rain.


Premise: What is the average rainfall in Namibia?

Hypothesis: In the interior of the country surface water is available only in the summer months when rivers are in flood after exceptional rainfalls.


Premise: What did China export?

Hypothesis: In the following century, markets continued to expand as in the late Ming period, but with more trade between regions, a greater dependence on overseas markets and a greatly increased population.


Premise: What do unawakend people experience?

Hypothesis: A Buddha is no longer bound by Samsara and has ended the suffering which unawakened people experience in life.


Premise: What entity did Bronck get his land from?

Hypothesis: He became the first recorded European settler in the area now known as the Bronx.


Premise: What company did Kanye West begin?

Hypothesis: His more publicized comments include his declaration that President George W. Bush "doesn't care about black people" during a live 2005 television broadcast for Hurricane Katrina relief, and his interruption of singer Taylor Swift at the 2009 MTV Video Music Awards.


Premise: As of 3/3/2016, how many active aircraft carriers are there worldwide?

Hypothesis: As well as the supercarrier fleet, the US Navy has nine amphibious assault ships used primarily for helicopters (sometimes called helicopter carriers); these can also carry up to 25 fighter jets, and in some cases, are as large as some other nations' fixed-wing carriers.


Premise: What are the main orthodox systems of Hindu philosophy called?

Hypothesis: Ancient and medieval India was also the source of philosophies that share philosophical concepts but rejected the Vedas, and these have been called nāstika (heterodox or non-orthodox) Indian philosophies.


Premise: What was Guns N Roses long delayed 2008 album called?

Hypothesis: In 2009, Bon Jovi released another number one album, The Circle, which marked a return to their hard rock sound.


Premise: When did the French Jacquerie take place?

Hypothesis: These efforts resulted in nothing more than fostering resentment among the peasantry, leading to rebellions such as the French Jacquerie in 1358 and the English Peasants' Revolt in 1381.


Premise: What festival did Kanye headline in 2011?

Hypothesis: Following a headlining set at Coachella 2011 that was described by The Hollywood Reporter as "one of greatest hip-hop sets of all time", West released the collaborative album Watch the Throne with Jay-Z.


Premise: How much more were her earnings that the year before?

Hypothesis: This made her the first woman in the chart's history to have her first five studio albums debut at number one.


Premise: What rule against proprietary trading was not part of legislation passed by either the Senate or House?

Hypothesis: For instance, the Volcker Rule against proprietary trading is not part of the legislation, though in the Senate bill regulators have the discretion but not the obligation to prohibit these trades.


Premise: How much was the worldwide investment in solar power in 2012?

Hypothesis: Worldwide investment in solar power in 2012 was $140.4 billion, an 11 percent decline from 2011, and wind power investment was down 10.1 percent, to $80.3 billion.


Premise: How many Greeks do they believe would be an accurate number for census numbers ?

Hypothesis: Where Census figures are available, they show around 3 million Greeks outside Greece and Cyprus.


Premise: What is the point of the Golden Jubilee?

Hypothesis: Equerry Frederick Ponsonby (the son of Sir Henry) discovered that the Munshi had lied about his parentage, and reported to Lord Elgin, Viceroy of India, "the Munshi occupies very much the same position as John Brown used to do.


Premise: Who was the second son of Alfonso III and what did he become king of?

Hypothesis: A year before Alfonso III "the Great" of Asturias death, three of Alfonso's sons rose in rebellion and forced him to abdicate, partitioning the kingdom among them.


Premise: What was the name given to the slaughter of the Armenians between 1894-1896?

Hypothesis: The Hamidian massacres, as they came to be known, gave Hamid international infamy as the "Red Sultan" or "Bloody Sultan."


Premise: What are the two types of digestion?

Hypothesis: Animals have a tube (gastrointestinal tract) in which internal digestion occurs, which is more efficient because more of the broken down products can be captured, and the internal chemical environment can be more efficiently controlled.


Premise: Calculi during the Fertile Crescent refers to what?

Hypothesis: Later record keeping aids throughout the Fertile Crescent included calculi (clay spheres, cones, etc.) which represented counts of items, probably livestock or grains, sealed in hollow unbaked clay containers.


Premise: When was the Battle of Austerlitz fought?

Hypothesis: At the Battle of Austerlitz, in Moravia on 2 December, he deployed the French army below the Pratzen Heights and deliberately weakened his right flank, enticing the Allies to launch a major assault there in the hopes of rolling up the whole French line.


Premise: Only who can handle the ball with his hands?

Hypothesis: Other markings define the position of the ball or players at kick-offs, goal kicks, penalty kicks and corner kicks.


Premise: Insect's wings fold flat over their what?

Hypothesis: For example, the Paraneoptera have turned out to be more closely related to the Endopterygota than to the rest of the Exopterygota.


Premise: Which Executive Order first contained the phrase "affirmative action"?

Hypothesis: The first time "affirmative action" is used by the federal government concerning race is in President John F. Kennedy's Executive Order 10925, which was chaired by Vice President Johnson.


Premise: When did the Great Fire of London occur?

Hypothesis: London's buildings are too diverse to be characterised by any particular architectural style, partly because of their varying ages.


Premise: What was the initial power base for Xiang Liang and Xiang Yu's rebellion?

Hypothesis: Kuaiji Commandery was the initial power base for Xiang Liang and Xiang Yu's rebellion against the Qin Empire which initially succeeded in restoring the kingdom of Chu but eventually fell to the Han.


Premise: John's royal household was based around what?

Hypothesis: One group was the familiares regis, John's immediate friends and knights who travelled around the country with him.


Premise: What lists 2,500 common characters?

Hypothesis: In China, which uses simplified Chinese characters, the Xiàndài Hànyǔ Chángyòng Zìbiǎo (现代汉语常用字表, Chart of Common Characters of Modern Chinese) lists 2,500 common characters and 1,000 less-than-common characters, while the Xiàndài Hànyǔ Tōngyòng Zìbiǎo (现代汉语通用字表, Chart of Generally Utilized Characters of Modern Chinese) lists 7,000 characters, including the 3,500 characters already listed above.


Premise: What was Griffith's tool designed to detect?

Hypothesis: The tool was designed to detect conflict of interest edits.


Premise: What does Darwin say can explain diverse feature such as antlers on deer and bright feathers on certain male birds?

Hypothesis: Natural selection was expected to work very slowly in forming new species, but given the effectiveness of artificial selection, he could "see no limit to the amount of change, to the beauty and infinite complexity of the coadaptations between all organic beings, one with another and with their physical conditions of life, which may be effected in the long course of time by nature's power of selection".


Premise: What conflict shaped his career?

Hypothesis: In 325, at the age of 27, Athanasius began his leading role against the Arians as his bishop's assistant during the First Council of Nicaea.


Premise: How did Darwin justify his theory not breaking down?

Hypothesis: Darwin concludes: "If it could be demonstrated that any complex organ existed, which could not possibly have been formed by numerous, successive, slight modifications, my theory would absolutely break down.


Premise: Who replaced Gladstone after he resigned?

Hypothesis: Gladstone was replaced by Lord Salisbury.


Premise: What year was Digimon: The movie released in the US/Canada?

Hypothesis: Digimon: The Movie, released in the U.S. and Canada territory by Fox Kids through 20th Century Fox on October 6, 2000, consists of the union of the first three Japanese movies.


Premise: What producer wanted to remove Crystal Bowersox from the competition?

Hypothesis: The schedule was rearranged so the boys performed first and she could perform the following night instead; she later revealed that Ken Warwick, the show producer, wanted to disqualify her but she begged to be allowed to stay on the show.


Premise: What is a solar cell?

Hypothesis: In the last two decades, photovoltaics (PV), also known as solar PV, has evolved from a pure niche market of small scale applications towards becoming a mainstream electricity source.


Premise: What instrument can you use to examine the microstructure of the brain?

Hypothesis: It is also possible to examine the microstructure of brain tissue using a microscope, and to trace the pattern of connections from one brain area to another.


Premise: The memorial chapel of the airmen of the RAF has a window for what?

Hypothesis: It incorporates a memorial window to the Battle of Britain, which replaces an earlier Tudor stained glass window destroyed in the war.


Premise: When did the Turkish War of Independence take place?

Hypothesis: The occupation of Constantinople and İzmir led to the establishment of a Turkish national movement, which won the Turkish War of Independence (1919–22) under the leadership of Mustafa Kemal (later given the surname "Atatürk").


Premise: What would you call a microbrewery that also has a restaurant or a pub?

Hypothesis: The Benedictine Weihenstephan Brewery in Bavaria, Germany, can trace its roots to the year 768, as a document from that year refers to a hop garden in the area paying a tithe to the monastery.


Premise: Why is Isaac Hunter's Tavern popular?

Hypothesis: The city's location was chosen, in part, for being within 11 mi (18 km) of Isaac Hunter's Tavern, a popular tavern frequented by the state legislators.


Premise: What organization subsidizes the cost of water desalination?

Hypothesis: R/O water is only intended to be produced when storage falls below 30%, however demand to replenish household storage supplies with tanker-delivered water means that the R/O desalination units are continually operating.


Premise: When did Kashani and others make their statement regarding the similarities for C4c distributions?

Hypothesis: 2012 state that "The similarities in ages and geographical distributions for C4c and the previously analyzed X2a lineage provide support to the scenario of a dual origin for Paleo-Indians.


Premise: When did Tucson get a 'Best Transit System' award?

Hypothesis: It was awarded Best Transit System in 1988 and 2005.


Premise: In which year did Abu Bakr die?

Hypothesis: Based on earlier transmitted reports, in the year 632, after the demise of Muhammad a number of his companions who knew the Quran by heart were killed in a battle by Musaylimah, the first caliph Abu Bakr (d. 634) decided to collect the book in one volume so that it could be preserved.


Premise: Who did NASA recruit by using flawed safety numbers?

Hypothesis: Feynman's account reveals a disconnect between NASA's engineers and executives that was far more striking than he expected.


Premise: What did youtube launch in Jan of 2009?

Hypothesis: In January 2009, YouTube launched "YouTube for TV", a version of the website tailored for set-top boxes and other TV-based media devices with web browsers, initially allowing its videos to be viewed on the PlayStation 3 and Wii video game consoles.


Premise: What does a person have to have to be an octoroon?

Hypothesis: The latter categories remained within an overall black or colored category, but before the Civil War, in Virginia and some other states, a person of one-eighth or less black ancestry was legally white.


Premise: What is post-punk?

Hypothesis: Post-punk is a heterogeneous type of rock music that emerged in the wake of the punk movement of the 1970s.


Premise: What company is responsible for over 100 stores in the country?

Hypothesis: Sanborns owns over 100 middle income level stores throughout the country.


Premise: Hyderabad was named in honor of someone, who was it?

Hypothesis: It was named to honour the Caliph Ali Ibn Abi Talib, who was also known as Haydar because of his lion-like valour in battles.


Premise: What year did this take place?

Hypothesis: Following the sale of ESPN's UK and Ireland channels to BT, ESPN's rights package transferred to BT Sport from the 2013–14 season.


Premise: What was the number of people executed in 2015?

Hypothesis: Possibly in part due to expedited federal habeas corpus procedures embodied in the Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act of 1996, the pace of executions picked up, reaching a peak of 98 in 1999 and then they declined gradually to 28 in 2015.


Premise: What was the case in 1962 where the Supreme Court addressed the issue of officially sponsored school prayer?

Hypothesis: In 1962, the Supreme Court addressed the issue of officially-sponsored prayer or religious recitations in public schools.


Premise: When did Zipoetes I assume the role of king?

Hypothesis: I of Bithynia maintained this autonomy against Lysimachus and Seleucus I, and assumed the title of king (basileus) in 297 BCE.


Premise: Who developed the view that all legitimate political power must be "representative?"

Hypothesis: The English philosopher Thomas Hobbes ushered in this new debate with his work Leviathan in 1651.


Premise: What Chinese word was derived from the Japanese word manga?

Hypothesis: Many cultures have taken their words for comics from English, including Russian (Russian: Комикс, komiks) and German (comic).


Premise: When was Queen Victoria's Golden Jubilee?

Hypothesis: Victoria marked the fiftieth anniversary of her accession on 20 June with a banquet to which 50 kings and princes were invited.


Premise: Who started the Fiesta de los Vaqueros?

Hypothesis: The Fiesta de los Vaqueros marks the beginning of the rodeo season in the United States.


Premise: What character represents the "line feed" function?

Hypothesis: Except for the control characters that prescribe elementary line-oriented formatting, ASCII does not define any mechanism for describing the structure or appearance of text within a document.


Premise: What is the English translation of the traditional name of the Marshall Islands?

Hypothesis: jen Anij" (Gifts from God).


Premise: What is another word for head capsule?

Hypothesis: This is because the primary axis of the head is rotated 90° to become parallel to the primary axis of the body.


Premise: What happens when an unconstitutional statute remains on the books?

Hypothesis: However, under the principle of stare decisis, no sensible lower court will enforce an unconstitutional statute, and any court that does so will be reversed by the Supreme Court.


Premise: One technology that is available for hunters in the U.S. is?

Hypothesis: Many different technologies have been created to assist hunters, even including iPhone applications.


Premise: Whos is a former editor with The Delka Broadsheet?

Hypothesis: According to Issa Farah, a former editor with the Dalka broadsheet, newspaper publishing in Somalia is likely to experience a resurgence if the National Somali Printing Press is re-opened and the sector is given adequate public support.


Premise: What are immunoassays?

Hypothesis: Signal of unknowns can be compared to that of standards allowing quantitation of the target antigen.


Premise: What is the name for a layer of n-type semiconductor set between two p-type semiconductors?

Hypothesis: The bipolar junction transistor, the first type of transistor to be mass-produced, is a combination of two junction diodes, and is formed of either a thin layer of p-type semiconductor sandwiched between two n-type semiconductors (an n–p–n transistor), or a thin layer of n-type semiconductor sandwiched between two p-type semiconductors (a p–n–p transistor).


Premise: Which obligatory class was abolished from Basic Education?

Hypothesis: Passos Coelho also announced that the retirement age will be increased from 65 to 66, announced cuts in the pensions, unemployment benefits, health, education and science expenses, abolished the English obligatory classes in Basic Education, but kept the pensions of the judges, diplomats untouched and didn't raise the retirement age of the military and police forces.


Premise: What currently utilized item was World Records CLV similar to?

Hypothesis: This action is similar (although in reverse) to that on the modern compact disc and the CLV version of its predecessor, the Philips Laser Disc.


Premise: What are inside male testes?

Hypothesis: Most male insects have a pair of testes, inside of which are sperm tubes or follicles that are enclosed within a membranous sac.


Premise: The hypothalamus is located at the base of what?

Hypothesis: In vertebrates, the part of the brain that plays the greatest role is the hypothalamus, a small region at the base of the forebrain whose size does not reflect its complexity or the importance of its function.


Premise: How did the Holy Roman Church rule on the matter of the festivals ?

Hypothesis: In 1439, the Council of Basel, which is not reckoned an ecumenical council, stated that belief in the immaculate conception of Mary is in accord with the Catholic faith.


Premise: In what century did gin houses proliferate throughout Britain?

Hypothesis: By the early 19th century, encouraged by lower duties on gin, the gin houses or "Gin Palaces" had spread from London to most cities and towns in Britain, with most of the new establishments illegal and unlicensed.


Premise: What are anarchists against?

Hypothesis: Anarchists are against the State but are not against political organization or "governance"—so long as it is self-governance utilizing direct democracy.


Premise: When did Richard I become king?

Hypothesis: Despite this, after Richard died in 1199, John was proclaimed King of England, and came to an agreement with Philip II of France to recognise John's possession of the continental Angevin lands at the peace treaty of Le Goulet in 1200.


Premise: What languages are most common?

Hypothesis: Most speak Afrikaans or English as a first language, as opposed to Bantu languages such as Zulu or Xhosa.


Premise: What score did Milpa Alta get on the HDI test?

Hypothesis: Mexico City's HDI for the 2005 report was of .9012


Premise: What kind of coating gets applied to the PWB before light exposure?

Hypothesis: Dry film solder mask is similar to the dry film used to image the PWB for plating or etching.


Premise: An episode of what well-known TV series was Schwarzenegger's directorial debut?

Hypothesis: Schwarzenegger had a brief foray into directing, first with a 1990 episode of the TV series Tales from the Crypt, entitled "The Switch", and then with the 1992 telemovie Christmas in Connecticut.


Premise: What is the present day name of the city that the Battle of Guilford Courthouse was fought at?

Hypothesis: Generals Greene and Cornwallis finally met at the Battle of Guilford Courthouse in present-day Greensboro on March 15, 1781.


Premise: What other varieties of Christianity can be found among the Grecian people ?

Hypothesis: There are small groups of ethnic Greeks adhering to other Christian denominations like Greek Catholics, Greek Evangelicals, Pentecostals, and groups adhering to other religions including Romaniot and Sephardic Jews and Greek Muslims.


Premise: Who administered caning privately in his office?

Hypothesis: Anthony Chenevix-Trench, Head Master from 1964 to 1970, abolished the birch and replaced it with caning, also applied to the bare posterior, which he administered privately in his office.


Premise: What process replaces tissue damaged by TB?

Hypothesis: Upon cure, affected areas are eventually replaced by scar tissue.


Premise: What do greater noctule bats feed on?

Hypothesis: Some predators take advantage of the concentration of birds during migration.


Premise: What is the current station called?

Hypothesis: Oklahoma City's WKY Radio was the first radio station transmitting west of the Mississippi River and the third radio station in the United States.


Premise: What did Charles George Gordon spend his time between?

Hypothesis: Charles George Gordon is known as the saint of all British colonial officers.


Premise: What can wearing gowns and face masks help prevent?

Hypothesis: Cooking foods well and avoiding foods that have been left outside for a long time is also important.


Premise: What year was the Medical Research Council created?

Hypothesis: In Europe, rates of tuberculosis began to rise in the early 1600s to a peak level in the 1800s, when it caused nearly 25% of all deaths.


Premise: Along with silver, mercury, tin and cadmium, what metal is uranium more plentiful than?

Hypothesis: Uranium is found in hundreds of minerals, including uraninite (the most common uranium ore), carnotite, autunite, uranophane, torbernite, and coffinite.


Premise: When did Bell put in his prior patent?

Hypothesis: Bell had filed the mercury application at the patent office a year earlier on February 25, 1875, long before Elisha Gray described the water device.


Premise: When did Hisham's reign start?

Hypothesis: Hisham established his court at Resafa in northern Syria, which was closer to the Byzantine border than Damascus, and resumed hostilities against the Byzantines, which had lapsed following the failure of the last siege of Constantinople.


Premise: Other than politics, what areas have a disproportionately large number of Protestants?

Hypothesis: Numbers of the most wealthy and affluent American families as the Vanderbilts and the Astors, Rockefeller, Du Pont, Roosevelt, Forbes, Whitneys, the Morgans and Harrimans are Mainline Protestant families.


Premise: What is the name of the official residence in Belgrade?

Hypothesis: The Brijuni islands were the site of the State Summer Residence from 1949 on.


Premise: How do you predict the clinical result?

Hypothesis: To predict clinical outcome, the antimicrobial activity of an antibacterial is usually combined with its pharmacokinetic profile, and several pharmacological parameters are used as markers of drug efficacy.


Premise: When was Durham Cathedral constructed?

Hypothesis: Another early example is the nave and apse area of the Cathedral of Cefalù in 1131.


Premise: What accompanies a transient?

Hypothesis: If there is a transient, 192 samples are taken instead of 576.


Premise: What war occurred after the end of World War II?

Hypothesis: With the outbreak of the Korean War, concerns over the defense of Western Europe rose.


Premise: What did he write about human rights in?

Hypothesis: He wrote about human rights in his Pacem in terris.


Premise: What is commonly written with a single character formed by combining the last character with the radical of the first?

Hypothesis: Less systematic examples include 圕 túshūguǎn "library", a contraction of 圖書館, A four-morpheme word, 社会主义 shèhuì zhǔyì "socialism", is commonly written with a single character formed by combining the last character, 义, with the radical of the first, 社, yielding roughly


Premise: What is an example of a memorable name for a pub chain?

Hypothesis: Names and their origins can be broken up into a relatively small number of categories.


Premise: Who makes up a large percentage of diarrheal deaths?

Hypothesis: Children also make up a large percentage of lower respiratory and diarrheal deaths.


Premise: What was the aspect ratio of the NHK Color?

Hypothesis: This new system, NHK Color, created in 1972, included 1125 lines, a 5:3 aspect ratio and 60 Hz refresh rate.


Premise: What liberal arts type colleges are in Cork?

Hypothesis: CIT also incorporates the Cork School of Music and Crawford College of Art and Design as constituent schools.


Premise: Where do Salvadorans fall on the scale for Hispanic living in America?

Hypothesis: About 50%, or up to 500,000 of those who escaped headed to the United States, which was already home to over 10,000 Salvadorans, making Salvadorans Americans the fourth-largest Hispanic and Latino American group, after the Mexican-American majority, stateside Puerto Ricans, and Cubans.


Premise: What is unusual about the traffic between Broadway and Park Avenue South on 17th Street?

Hypothesis: It forms the northern borders of both Union Square (between Broadway and Park Avenue South) and Stuyvesant Square.


Premise: On what date did President Barack Obama declare that the markets are stabilized?

Hypothesis: The U.S. recession that began in December 2007 ended in June 2009, according to the U.S. National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) and the financial crisis appears to have ended about the same time.


Premise: How many analogue terrestrial UHF channels does Sure South Atlantic LTD have?

Hypothesis: The feed signal, from MultiChoice DStv in South Africa, is received by a satellite dish at Bryant's Beacon from Intelsat 7 in the Ku band.


Premise: What did the Japanese media refer to the embargoes as?

Hypothesis: The Japanese media, influenced by military propagandists,[nb 10] began to refer to the embargoes as the "ABCD ("American-British-Chinese-Dutch") encirclement" or "ABCD line".


Premise: During what time period did the Dominican Order do its best work?

Hypothesis: The Dominican Order is headed by the Master of the Order, who is currently Bruno Cadoré.


Premise: Where did systhpop, industrial and neo-psychedelia music derive from?

Hypothesis: Post-punk was an eclectic genre which resulted in a wide variety of musical innovations and helped merge white and black musical styles.


Premise: What actions does karma refer to in Buddhism?

Hypothesis: In Buddhism, Karma (from Sanskrit: "action, work") is the force that drives saṃsāra—the cycle of suffering and rebirth for each being.


Premise: What did CBS develop in order to reduce outside noise?

Hypothesis: These were completely incompatible with standard record playback preamplifiers, relying on the dbx compandor encoding/decoding scheme to greatly increase dynamic range (dbx encoded disks were recorded with the dynamic range compressed by a factor of two in dB: quiet sounds were meant to be played back at low gain and loud sounds were meant to be played back at high gain, via automatic gain control in the playback equipment; this reduced the effect of surface noise on quiet passages).


Premise: Which river separates the main Aravelli ranges?

Hypothesis: Mount Abu lies at the southwestern end of the range, separated from the main ranges by the West Banas River, although a series of broken ridges continues into Haryana in the direction of Delhi where it can be seen as outcrops in the form of the Raisina Hill and the ridges farther north.


Premise: What is the name of the festival celebrated in Eastern Orthodox nations during the last week before Great Lent?

Hypothesis: However, the Philippines, a predominantly Roman Catholic country, does not celebrate Carnival anymore since the dissolution of the Manila Carnival after 1939, the last carnival in the country.


Premise: What is the opposite of a Show Up?

Hypothesis: This is for sub-standard work, which is sometimes torn at the top of the page/sheet and must be submitted to the boy's housemaster for signature.


Premise: How much were remittances sent from migrant workers in 2007?

Hypothesis: According to the research by the Overseas Development Institute, reductions in growth can be attributed to falls in trade, commodity prices, investment and remittances sent from migrant workers (which reached a record $251 billion in 2007, but have fallen in many countries since).


Premise: What is the summer weather like?

Hypothesis: Snowfall is highly variable, with some winters bringing only light snow and others bringing several major snowstorms, with the normal seasonal snowfall standing at 22.4 in (57 cm); snow in November or April is rare, and a sustained snow cover is rare.


Premise: When did the Royal Institute celebrate its 100th anniversary?

Hypothesis: Soon after the passing of the 1931 Act, in the book published on the occasion of the Institute's centenary celebration in 1934, Harry Barnes, FRIBA, Chairman of the Registration Committee, mentioned that ARCUK could not be a rival of any architectural association, least of all the RIBA, given the way ARCUK was constituted.


Premise: What angel, according to Muslim tradition, ordered Muhammad to order a siege on the Banu Qurayza?

Hypothesis: Muhammad also ordered another siege on the Banu Qurayza during the Invasion of Banu Qurayza, because according to Muslim tradition he had been ordered to do so by the angel Gabriel.


Premise: Which group became extinct after living in the region for about 12,000 years?

Hypothesis: Homo floresiensis also lived in the area up until 12,000 years ago, when they became extinct.


Premise: According to UNICEF, what percentage of women in Guinea-Bissau had undergone female genital mutilation?

Hypothesis: According to a 2013 UNICEF report, 50% of women in Guinea Bissau had undergone female genital mutilation.


Premise: What form of music was A cappella predominately used for in its early years?

Hypothesis: A cappella music was originally used in religious music, especially church music as well as anasheed and zemirot.


Premise: Some species use specialised photoreceptors to sense what?

Hypothesis: These are backed up in some species by their ability to sense the Earth's geomagnetism through specialised photoreceptors.


Premise: Which type of light bulbs is considered most cost effective and robust?

Hypothesis: LED lamps are even more efficient, and are free of mercury.


Premise: Who was Kerry's running mate?

Hypothesis: He and his running mate, North Carolina Senator John Edwards, lost the election, finishing 35 electoral votes behind Bush and Vice President Dick Cheney.


Premise: Who invented the Osmanya script?

Hypothesis: The script was developed by the Somali linguist Shire Jama Ahmed specifically for the Somali language, and uses all letters of the English Latin alphabet except p, v and z. Besides Ahmed's Latin script, other orthographies that have been used for centuries for writing Somali include the long-established Arabic script and Wadaad's writing.


Premise: Along with the Marianas and Palau, what islands were acquired from Spain in 1899?

Hypothesis: A German trading company, the Jaluit Gesellschaft, administered the islands from 1887 until 1905.


Premise: What semi-automatic sniper do Snipers use?

Hypothesis: The M1014 Joint Service Combat Shotgun or the Mossberg 590 Shotgun are used for door breaching and close-quarters combat.


Premise: What was the new name of this Live video store?

Hypothesis: On May 26, 2009, Microsoft announced the future release of the Zune HD (in the fall of 2009), the next addition to the Zune product range.


Premise: A mooted 750-line was seen by some at the ITU as what?

Hypothesis: (According to some reports, a mooted 750-line (720p) format (720 progressively scanned lines) was viewed by some at the ITU as an enhanced television format rather than a true HDTV format, and so was not included, although 1920×1080i and 1280×720p systems for a range of frame and field rates were defined by several US SMPTE standards.)


Premise: Between which north latitudes are glaciers not found?

Hypothesis: Glaciers can be found in all latitudes except from 20° to 27° north and south of the equator where the presence of the descending limb of the Hadley circulation lowers precipitation so much that with high insolation snow lines reach above 6,500 m (21,330 ft).


Premise: What was James Shannon's job?

Hypothesis: The junior U.S. Senator from Massachusetts, Paul Tsongas, announced in 1984 that he would be stepping down for health reasons.


Premise: When did Napoleon III visit London?

Hypothesis: Napoleon III met the couple at Dunkirk and accompanied them to Paris.


Premise: What is the Dutch name for the "Hollandish" dialect of the language?

Hypothesis: In both Belgium and the Netherlands, the native official name for Dutch is Nederlands, and its dialects have their own names, e.g. Hollands "Hollandish", West-Vlaams "Western Flemish", Brabants "Brabantian".


Premise: What did AIG receive for promising to pay Party A in the event that Party B defaulted?

Hypothesis: The basic CDS transaction involved AIG receiving a premium in exchange for a promise to pay money to party A in the event party B defaulted.


Premise: The deficit can cause an earthquake of what magnitude to occur?

Hypothesis: The entire Jordan Valley segment is thought to have ruptured repeatedly, for instance during the last two major earthquakes along this structure in 749 and 1033.


Premise: What do diurnal birds produce as opposed to non migratory species?

Hypothesis: This helps diurnal birds to produce larger clutches than related non-migratory species that remain in the tropics.


Premise: Which candidate dropped out of the race, next after Edwards?

Hypothesis: Sharpton followed suit a couple weeks later.


Premise: Where is zinc chelator phytate found?

Hypothesis: The zinc chelator phytate, found in seeds and cereal bran, can contribute to zinc malabsorption.


Premise: What ethnicity made up the Upper Three Banners?

Hypothesis: Only Manchus belonging to the Upper Three Banners, and selected Han Chinese who had passed the highest level of martial exams could serve as the emperor's personal bodyguards.


Premise: What did the Chinese get paid for their goods?

Hypothesis: The resulting inflow of silver expanded the money supply, facilitating the growth of competitive and stable markets.


Premise: Who do the bears fight?

Hypothesis: Usually declawed and muzzled, they often wrestled shoot matches against audience members, offered a cash reward if they could pin the bear.


Premise: What is a benefit of using dBASE?

Hypothesis: C. Wayne Ratliff the creator of dBASE stated: "dBASE was different from programs like BASIC, C, FORTRAN, and COBOL in that a lot of the dirty work had already been done.


Premise: What does the current president of the United States call the country in official settings?

Hypothesis: Burma continues to be used in English by the governments of many countries, such as Australia, Canada and the United Kingdom.


Premise: Who was Apollo's mother?

Hypothesis: The name of Apollo's mother Leto has Lydian origin, and she was worshipped on the coasts of Asia Minor.


Premise: Are students taught Spanish in american schools?

Hypothesis: Spanish is currently the most widely taught non-English language in American secondary schools and of higher education.


Premise: When was Tajik script converted to Cyrillic?

Hypothesis: The script was however subsequently Cyrillicized in the 1930s by the Soviet government.


Premise: Who were the two leaders of Paris' philosophic movement?

Hypothesis: While the Philosophes of the French Enlightenment were not revolutionaries, and many were members of the nobility, their ideas played an important part in undermining the legitimacy of the Old Regime and shaping the French Revolution.


Premise: What title regarding London has never been made official in law or by decree?

Hypothesis: London's status as the capital of England, and later the United Kingdom, has never been granted or confirmed officially—by statute or in written form.[note 6]


Premise: What catholic document compares the Catholic church to the body of Christ?

Hypothesis: Ecclesiam suam was given at St. Peter's, Rome, on the Feast of the Transfiguration, 6 August 1964, the second year of his Pontificate.


Premise: What did the protesters want?

Hypothesis: On August 19, 600,000 protesters jammed Baku’s Lenin Square (now Azadliq Square) to demand the release of political prisoners.


Premise: What is the benevolence of God called?

Hypothesis: The concept of God as described by theologians commonly includes the attributes of omniscience (infinite knowledge), omnipotence (unlimited power), omnipresence (present everywhere), omnibenevolence (perfect goodness), divine simplicity, and eternal and necessary existence.


Premise: What does Bodhisattva mean?

Hypothesis: Traditionally, a bodhisattva is anyone who, motivated by great compassion, has generated bodhicitta, which is a spontaneous wish to attain Buddhahood for the benefit of all sentient beings.


Premise: What movie features the characters Baymax and Hiro?

Hypothesis: This clause has allowed Walt Disney World to have meet and greets, merchandise, attractions and more with other Marvel characters not associated with the characters at Islands of Adventures, such as Star-Lord and Gamora from Guardians of the Galaxy as well as Baymax and Hiro from Big Hero 6.


Premise: What is the saving grace of relying on these theories?

Hypothesis: Fortunately, there are other statistical ways of testing the theories, and the theories have yet to be refuted.


Premise: How did George of Cappadocia die in prison?

Hypothesis: George, the usurping Bishop, was flung into prison and murdered.


Premise: Cooler objects glow less than objects that are what?

Hypothesis: It is well known that hot objects glow, and that hotter objects glow brighter than cooler ones.


Premise: What is frequently the case in quantum mechanics when a pair of alternatives are semantically determinate?

Hypothesis: The reason for this is that a quantum disjunction, unlike the case for classical disjunction, can be true even when both of the disjuncts are false and this is, in turn, attributable to the fact that it is frequently the case, in quantum mechanics, that a pair of alternatives are semantically determinate, while each of its members are necessarily indeterminate.


Premise: Where did the July 15, 2011 meeting take place?

Hypothesis: On 15 July 2011, at a meeting in Istanbul, over 30 governments recognised the NTC as the legitimate government of Libya.


Premise: In what year did the National Assembly support a crucial bill about "self Management"?

Hypothesis: On 13 January 1953, they established that the law on self-management was the basis of the entire social order in Yugoslavia.


Premise: What attractions are present at Hotel Yak & Yeti and the Hyatt Regency?

Hypothesis: Hotels like Hyatt Regency, De L'Annapurna and Hotel Yak & Yeti are among the five-star hotels providing casinos as well.


Premise: When was the earliest church labeled "Baptist" traced to?

Hypothesis: Baptist practice spread to England, where the General Baptists considered Christ's atonement to extend to all people, while the Particular Baptists believed that it extended only to the elect.


Premise: How far away is the Canadian border from Seattle?

Hypothesis: The city is situated on an isthmus between Puget Sound (an inlet of the Pacific Ocean) and Lake Washington, about 100 miles (160 km) south of the Canada–United States border.


Premise: What did Nasser dismiss during the war?

Hypothesis: According to Egyptian diplomat Ismail Fahmi, who became foreign minister during Sadat's presidency, the Israeli invasion and Egypt's consequent defeat was a result of Nasser's dismissal of all rational analysis of the situation and his undertaking of a series of irrational decisions.


Premise: Which Apple campaign did some people feel encouraged media piracy?

Hypothesis: Apple would later introduce an update to its iTunes music player software that enabled it to burn CDs, along with a controversial "Rip, Mix, Burn" advertising campaign that some felt encouraged media piracy.


Premise: What kilns were Longquan kilns replaced by in popularity and production?

Hypothesis: It is in this period that the Longquan kilns declined, to be eventually replaced in popularity and ceramic production by the kilns of Jingdezhen in Jiangxi.


Premise: What was the record before it was stripped?

Hypothesis: Also, ODB's kayfabe husband and tag team partner Eric Young held the Knockouts Tag Team Championship for a record 478 days before it was stripped by Brooke Hogan because Young was a male.


Premise: By what term are witnesses known in the Xeer system?

Hypothesis: The Xeer legal system also requires a certain amount of specialization of different functions within the legal framework.


Premise: What were the major issues that needed to be addressed?

Hypothesis: While momentum for new legislation temporarily flagged under extended debate, a new tragedy emerged that underscored the need for more comprehensive regulation and provided the driving force for the passage of new laws.


Premise: How many times did Coptic Patriarch Shenouda III meet with Paul VI in 1973?

Hypothesis: In May 1973, the Coptic Patriarch Shenouda III of Alexandria visited the Vatican, where he met three times with Pope Paul VI.


Premise: What are other terms used to describe Pentecostalism?

Hypothesis: Because of their commitment to biblical authority, spiritual gifts, and the miraculous, Pentecostals tend to see their movement as reflecting the same kind of spiritual power and teachings that were found in the Apostolic Age of the early church.


Premise: For older adolescents, is sexual activity in a romantic relationship associated with lower or higher levels of deviant behavior?

Hypothesis: For old adolescents, though, sexual activity in the context of romantic relationships was actually correlated with lower levels of deviant behavior after controlling for genetic risks, as opposed to sex outside of a relationship (hook-ups)


Premise: In what year was Demarcus Sears convicted of kidnapping?

Hypothesis: Sears was never charged with the murder of Wilbur in Kentucky, but was sentenced to death by a jury in Georgia for "kidnapping with bodily injury."


Premise: What award did Bell win in 1902?

Hypothesis: The French government conferred on him the decoration of the Légion d'honneur (Legion of Honor); the Royal Society of Arts in London awarded him the Albert Medal in 1902; the University of Würzburg, Bavaria, granted him a PhD, and he was awarded the Franklin Institute's Elliott Cresson Medal in 1912.


Premise: What is the climate like in Southeast Asia?

Hypothesis: Northern Vietnam and the Myanmar Himalayas are the only regions in Southeast Asia that feature a subtropical climate, which has a cold winter with snow.


Premise: If paper is over 160g what is it considered as?

Hypothesis: Printing paper is generally between 60 g and 120 g. Anything heavier than 160 g is considered card.


Premise: Which king fled the country in 1941?

Hypothesis: On 17 April 1941, after King Peter II and other members of the government fled the country, the remaining representatives of the government and military met with the German officials in Belgrade.


Premise: In what year waas Vladan Dinic born?

Hypothesis: In the years after Tito's death up to nowadays, some people have disputed his identity.


Premise: What use of higher value bills prompted Nixon to halt the use of said bills?

Hypothesis: With the advent of electronic banking, they became less necessary.


Premise: What do these floors serve as?

Hypothesis: When entering the cab, it appears to be any normal elevator ride.


Premise: What was Oklahoma's WNBA team renamed to when it moved?

Hypothesis: In the last-named sport, the state's most notable team was the Tulsa Talons, which played in the Arena Football League until 2012, when the team was moved to San Antonio.


Premise: what sound emerged in Detroit with the recordings of juan atkins and derrick may?

Hypothesis: In Detroit a proto-techno music sound began to emerge with the recordings of Juan Atkins, Derrick May and Kevin Saunderson.


Premise: Over how many years did Bell spend a great deal of time at Beinn Bhreagh?

Hypothesis: He was survived by his wife Mabel, his two daughters, Elsie May and Marian, and nine of his grandchildren.


Premise: What concept did Ledoux address?

Hypothesis: There are links between Boullée's ideas and Edmund Burke's conception of the sublime.


Premise: Which south-eastern suburb is home to Nintendo's Australian headquarters?

Hypothesis: Melbourne is Australia's second-largest industrial centre.


Premise: When did the Chinese government ban the purchase of Windows 8 products?

Hypothesis: In May 2014, the Government of China banned the internal purchase of Windows 8-based products under government contracts requiring "energy-efficient" devices.


Premise: Who expanded on Avicenna's work in temporal logic?

Hypothesis: An early formal system of temporal logic was studied by Avicenna.


Premise: Who was the fortune hunter engaged to Sand's daughter?

Hypothesis: Chopin's relations with Sand were soured in 1846 by problems involving her daughter Solange and Solange's fiancé, the young fortune-hunting sculptor Auguste Clésinger.


Premise: What did the safety system consist of?

Hypothesis: A safety system was designed to take effect if the cords broke.


Premise: Where are other mountain areas in the British Isles?

Hypothesis: Other mountainous areas include Wales and parts of Ireland, however only seven peaks in these areas reach above 1,000 m (3,281 ft).


Premise: WBUR and WGBH are exaples of what type of radio station?

Hypothesis: A variety of commercial FM radio formats serve the area, as do NPR stations WBUR and WGBH.


Premise: The first large scale dam project was initiated on which river?

Hypothesis: Under Governor Miguel Ahumada, the education system in the state was unified and brought under tighter control by the state government, and the metric system was standardized throughout the state to replace the colonial system of weights and measures.


Premise: Immunoassays are able to detect what type of proteins?

Hypothesis: To aid in the diagnosis of infectious diseases, immunoassays can detect or measure antigens from either infectious agents or proteins generated by an infected organism in response to a foreign agent.


Premise: How many child solders were released from the Burmese military in 2012 ?

Hypothesis: In September 2012, the Myanmar Armed Forces released 42 child soldiers and the International Labour Organization met with representatives of the government as well as the Kachin Independence Army to secure the release of more child soldiers.


Premise: What groups are called Vlachs?

Hypothesis: This goes for the Arvanites, an Albanian-speaking group mostly located in the rural areas around the capital Athens, and for the Aromanians and Moglenites, also known as Vlachs, whose language is closely related to Romanian and who used to live scattered across several areas of mountainous central Greece.


Premise: What was the first public building to install electric lighting?

Hypothesis: His house was the first in the world to be lit by a lightbulb and also the first house in the world to be lit by hydroelectric power.


Premise: What was explained by the man  Giovanni Maria Mastai-Ferretti who later became leader of the Holy Roman Church ?

Hypothesis: When defining the dogma in Ineffabilis Deus, Pope Pius IX explicitly affirmed that Mary was redeemed in a manner more sublime.


Premise: What other successful theme restaurant chain was Planet Hollywood modeled on?

Hypothesis: Schwarzenegger was a founding celebrity investor in the Planet Hollywood chain of international theme restaurants (modeled after the Hard Rock Cafe) along with Bruce Willis, Sylvester Stallone and Demi Moore.


Premise: What year did the U.S. housing bubble peak?

Hypothesis: The financial crisis was triggered by a complex interplay of policies that encouraged home ownership, providing easier access to loans for subprime borrowers, overvaluation of bundled subprime mortgages based on the theory that housing prices would continue to escalate, questionable trading practices on behalf of both buyers and sellers, compensation structures that prioritize short-term deal flow over long-term value creation, and a lack of adequate capital holdings from banks and insurance companies to back the financial commitments they were making.


Premise: What country is on the south border of Guinea-Bissau?

Hypothesis: Guinea-Bissau is bordered by Senegal to the north and Guinea to the south and east, with the Atlantic Ocean to its west.


Premise: Who is considered a hero by natives for ending Muslim control of Palermo?

Hypothesis: The Kingdom of Sicily became one of the wealthiest states in Europe.


Premise: On what date was the dispersal draft first scheduled to occur?

Hypothesis: Because of the sudden loss of the New Orleans franchise, the league announced in October that the beginning of the free agency period would be delayed in order to accommodate a dispersal draft.


Premise: When was the Man the Hunter conference?

Hypothesis: At the 1966 "Man the Hunter" conference, anthropologists Richard Borshay Lee and Irven DeVore suggested that egalitarianism was one of several central characteristics of nomadic hunting and gathering societies because mobility requires minimization of material possessions throughout a population.


Premise: Along with Tudor Revival, what is a common architectural style of single-family houses in New York?

Hypothesis: The character of New York's large residential districts is often defined by the elegant brownstone rowhouses and townhouses and shabby tenements that were built during a period of rapid expansion from 1870 to 1930.


Premise: The professional heads of what three services support the Chief of the Defence Staff?

Hypothesis: The current Chief of the Defence Staff, the professional head of the British Armed Forces, is General Sir Nicholas Houghton, late Green Howards.


Premise: What is the frequency of the BeiDou-1 system?

Hypothesis: This means that the system does not require a large constellation of satellites, but it also limits the coverage to areas on Earth where the satellites are visible.


Premise: What principality did Grimaldi set up with the profits from plundering Southampton?

Hypothesis: On visiting Southampton in 1339, Edward III ordered that walls be built to 'close the town'.


Premise: If you are going to farm in Cork, what should you be aware of?

Hypothesis: It should be noted that the airport is at an altitude of 151 metres (495 ft) and temperatures can often differ by a few degrees between the airport and the city itself.


Premise: What three internationally acclaimed musicians were born in Israel?

Hypothesis: Among Israel's world-renowned orchestras is the Israel Philharmonic Orchestra, which has been in operation for over seventy years and today performs more than two hundred concerts each year.


Premise: What disgruntled poet shot at Victoria's carriage on March 2, 1882?

Hypothesis: On 2 March 1882, Roderick Maclean, a disgruntled poet apparently offended by Victoria's refusal to accept one of his poems, shot at the Queen as her carriage left Windsor railway station.


Premise: At what time are drivers in New York most likely to experience traffic jams?

Hypothesis: New York City also has an extensive web of expressways and parkways, which link the city's boroughs to each other as well as to northern New Jersey, Westchester County, Long Island, and southwestern Connecticut through various bridges and tunnels.


Premise: Where does Wayback Machine keep its information stored?

Hypothesis: The data is stored on PetaBox rack systems manufactured by Capricorn Technologies.


Premise: What was created when the interest charged was greater than the amount of interest paid?

Hypothesis: Whereas the advertisement might state that 1% or 1.5% interest would be charged, the consumer would be put into an adjustable rate mortgage (ARM) in which the interest charged would be greater than the amount of interest paid.


Premise: If the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom becomes sick in New York City, what hospital does he go to?

Hypothesis: Bellevue is the designated hospital for treatment of the President of the United States and other world leaders if they become sick or injured while in New York City.


Premise: Who showed examples of early semi-cursive script?

Hypothesis: Qiu gives examples of early semi-cursive script, showing that it had popular origins rather than being purely Liu’s invention.


Premise: When was Art as Cultural System penned?

Hypothesis: Boas' Primitive Art, Claude Lévi-Strauss' The Way of the Masks (1982) or Geertz's 'Art as Cultural System' (1983) are some examples in this trend to transform the anthropology of 'art' into an anthropology of culturally specific 'aesthetics'.


Premise: What is the second step to read the information encoded in a gene's DNA and produce the protein it specifies?

Hypothesis: First, the gene's DNA is transcribed to messenger RNA (mRNA).:6.1 Second, that mRNA is translated to protein.:6.2 RNA-coding genes must still go through the first step, but are not translated into protein.


Premise: who was the main island named after?

Hypothesis: The first undisputed landing was made in 1643 by the crew of the Heemstede, captained by Claes Gerritsz Bierenbroodspot.


Premise: Fearing the provocation of Communist China, what country's request for combat troops did the US deny?

Hypothesis: The President disagreed with advisers who recommended unilateral U.S. bombing of the North Korean forces, and ordered the US Seventh Fleet to protect the Republic of China (Taiwan), whose government asked to fight in Korea.


Premise: What color was the sacrifice mandated to be for heaven deities?

Hypothesis: After the sacrifice, a banquet was held; in state cults, the images of honoured deities took pride of place on banqueting couches and by means of the sacrificial fire consumed their proper portion (exta, the innards).


Premise: Where are cytokinins produced?

Hypothesis: It is now known to be the hormone that stimulates or regulates fruit ripening and abscission, and it, or the synthetic growth regulator ethephon which is rapidly metabolised to produce ethylene, are used on industrial scale to promote ripening of cotton, pineapples and other climacteric crops.


Premise: What year did the Quaker-owned Chalfonte House open?

Hypothesis: The Quaker-owned Chalfonte House, opened in 1868, and Haddon House, opened in 1869, flanked North Carolina Avenue at the beach end.


Premise: In England and which other country is there a curricula that revolves around nutritional education?

Hypothesis: In England and Wales, the Personal and Social Education and Food Technology curricula include nutrition, stressing the importance of a balanced diet and teaching how to read nutrition labels on packaging.


Premise: Did any other ancient cultures also leave behind evidence of existence in Myanmar?

Hypothesis: The first evidence of Homo sapiens is dated to about 11,000 BC, in a Stone Age culture called the Anyathian with discoveries of stone tools in central Myanmar.


Premise: In addition to terminating the treaty itself, what actions by the other parties might result from one party materially violating or beaching its obligations?

Hypothesis: A material breach may also be invoked as grounds for permanently terminating the treaty itself.


Premise: In 1797 how did the  Woodford  get to safety without firing one bullet?

Hypothesis: At the Battle of Pulo Aura, which was probably the company's most notable naval victory, Nathaniel Dance, Commodore of a convoy of Indiamen and sailing aboard the Warley, led several Indiamen in a skirmish with a French squadron, driving them off.


Premise: What person recieved a seven year transportation sentence for striking Victoria on the head with his cane?

Hypothesis: In 1850, the Queen did sustain injury when she was assaulted by a possibly insane ex-army officer, Robert Pate.


Premise: What part of the Manhattan Project did Tennessee host?

Hypothesis: In the 20th century, Tennessee transitioned from an agrarian economy to a more diversified economy, aided by massive federal investment in the Tennessee Valley Authority and, in the early 1940s, the city of Oak Ridge.


Premise: WHat was a polish nobleman referred to as before the 15th century?

Hypothesis: A Polish nobleman living at the time prior to the 15th century was referred to as a "rycerz", very roughly equivalent to the English "knight," the critical difference being the status of "rycerz" was almost strictly hereditary; the class of all such individuals was known as the "rycerstwo".


Premise: During what time is there no record of Christians using instruments for worship?

Hypothesis: There is no written opposition to musical instruments in any setting in the first century and a half of Christian churches (33 AD to 180AD).


Premise: What former U.S. president is believed to have stayed in New Haven at the home of Roger Sherman?

Hypothesis: The Union League Club of New Haven building, located on Chapel Street, is notable for not only being a historic Beaux-Arts building, but also is built on the site where Roger Sherman's home once stood; George Washington is known to have stayed at the Sherman residence while President in 1789 (one of three times Washington visited New Haven throughout his lifetime).


Premise: How many comics did Marvel sell during 1968?

Hypothesis: In 1968, while selling 50 million comic books a year, company founder Goodman revised the constraining distribution arrangement with Independent News he had reached under duress during the Atlas years, allowing him now to release as many titles as demand warranted.