Premise: Which canal was dug in France to carry Rhine's water?

Hypothesis: On the French side, the Grand Canal d'Alsace was dug, which carries a significant part of the river water, and all of the traffic.


Premise: Who did Tesla credit for his abilities?

Hypothesis: Nikola credited his eidetic memory and creative abilities to his mother's genetics and influence.


Premise: What is the famous rock called that the Rhine flows around?

Hypothesis: Near Sankt Goarshausen, the Rhine flows around the famous rock Lorelei.


Premise: What workshop helped with the creation of the Doctor Who theme?

Hypothesis: New techniques were invented to allow mixing of the music, as this was before the era of multitrack tape machines.


Premise: Who sees a patient after a nurse can not help anymore?

Hypothesis: According to the Kenya National Bureau of Statistics, in 2011 there were 65,000 qualified nurses registered in the country; 8,600 clinical officers and 7,000 doctors for the population of 43 million people (These figures from official registers include those who have died or left the profession hence the actual number of these workers may be lower).


Premise: Who was the chief executive officer when the service began?

Hypothesis: The service started on 1 September 1993 based on the idea from the then chief executive officer, Sam Chisholm and Rupert Murdoch, of converting the company business strategy to an entirely fee-based concept.


Premise: What type of camera was used to record the Moon landing?

Hypothesis: The Moon landing data was recorded by a special Apollo TV camera which recorded in a format incompatible with broadcast TV.


Premise: What sea were Ctenophores accidently introduced?

Hypothesis: Ctenophores may be abundant during the summer months in some coastal locations, but in other places they are uncommon and difficult to find.


Premise: The Bank of America Tower was previously known as what?

Hypothesis: Other notable structures include the 37-story Wells Fargo Center (with its distinctive flared base making it the defining building in the Jacksonville skyline), originally built in 1972-74 by the Independent Life and Accident Insurance Company, and the 28 floor Riverplace Tower which, when completed in 1967, was the tallest precast, post-tensioned concrete structure in the world.


Premise: Who was responsible for the glass balustrade on the staircase and mezzanine in the main gallery?

Hypothesis: The main gallery was redesigned in 1994, the glass balustrade on the staircase and mezzanine are the work of Danny Lane, the gallery covering contemporary glass opened in 2004 and the sacred silver and stained-glass gallery in 2005.


Premise: When did Warsaw start to rebuild?

Hypothesis: During the Second World War, Warsaw was razed to the ground by bombing raids and planned destruction.


Premise: Which male child of Ghengis Khan and Börte was born last?

Hypothesis: Genghis Khan also had many other children with his other wives, but they were excluded from the succession.


Premise: What Apollo mission was the sixth moon landing?

Hypothesis: It stands alone in sending manned missions beyond low Earth orbit.


Premise: What is the process in which neutrophils move towards the site of inflammation called?

Hypothesis: During the acute phase of inflammation, particularly as a result of bacterial infection, neutrophils migrate toward the site of inflammation in a process called chemotaxis, and are usually the first cells to arrive at the scene of infection.


Premise: How many yards was the pass on the first drive?

Hypothesis: A pair of carries by C. J. Anderson moved the ball up 20 yards to the Panthers 14-yard line, but Carolina's defense dug in over the next three plays.


Premise: What tribe uses GPS devices to map lands?

Hypothesis: The use of remote sensing for the conservation of the Amazon is also being used by the indigenous tribes of the basin to protect their tribal lands from commercial interests.


Premise: What song did Coldplay and Beyoncé collaborate on for the Super Bowl 50 halftime show?

Hypothesis: On January 7, 2016, Pepsi confirmed to the Associated Press that Beyoncé, who headlined the Super Bowl XLVII halftime show and collaborated with Coldplay on the single "Hymn for the Weekend", would be making an appearance.


Premise: In 1755 what fort did British capture?

Hypothesis: In 1755, six colonial governors in North America met with General Edward Braddock, the newly arrived British Army commander, and planned a four-way attack on the French.


Premise: Besides drugs, what else do specialty pharmacies provide?

Hypothesis: Unlike a traditional community pharmacy where prescriptions for any common medication can be brought in and filled, specialty pharmacies carry novel medications that need to be properly stored, administered, carefully monitored, and clinically managed.


Premise: What is the citation for the Pierce v. Society of Sisters case?

Hypothesis: The Supreme Court precedent appears to favor educational choice, so long as states may set standards for educational accomplishment.


Premise: When did the Ottoman Empire fall?

Hypothesis: During the 16th and 17th centuries, in particular at the height of its power under the reign of Suleiman the Magnificent, the Ottoman Empire was a powerful multinational, multilingual empire controlling much of Southeast Europe, Western Asia, the Caucasus, North Africa, and the Horn of Africa.


Premise: What is malum in se considerations?

Hypothesis: Some legal requirements come from malum in se considerations, or the desire to prevent things that are indisputably bad – bridge collapses or explosions.


Premise: What has lately been being viewed as a fundamental status of member state nationals by the Court of Justice?

Hypothesis: Citizenship of the EU has increasingly been seen as a "fundamental" status of member state nationals by the Court of Justice, and has accordingly increased the number of social services that people can access wherever they move.


Premise: What festival is held in October in Newcastle?

Hypothesis: In October, there is the Design Event festival—an annual festival providing the public with an opportunity to see work by regional, national and international designers.


Premise: Who was the new elector of Saxony?

Hypothesis: He concentrated on the church in the Electorate of Saxony, acting only as an adviser to churches in new territories, many of which followed his Saxon model.


Premise: Upon hearing the final product, what was the creator quoted as saying?

Hypothesis: New techniques were invented to allow mixing of the music, as this was before the era of multitrack tape machines.


Premise: In cases with shared medium how is it delivered

Hypothesis: Packets are normally forwarded by intermediate network nodes asynchronously using first-in, first-out buffering, but may be forwarded according to some scheduling discipline for fair queuing, traffic shaping, or for differentiated or guaranteed quality of service, such as weighted fair queuing or leaky bucket.


Premise: How many miners died in the typhoid outbreak of 1854?

Hypothesis: Conditions on the gold fields were cramped and unsanitary; an outbreak of typhoid at Buckland Valley in 1854 killed over 1,000 miners.


Premise: What is the oldest exhibition site in Warsaw?

Hypothesis: The Centre currently realizes about 500 projects a year.


Premise: The Social Chapter is a chapter of what treaty?

Hypothesis: The Social Chapter is a chapter of the 1997 Treaty of Amsterdam covering social policy issues in European Union law.


Premise: What was the average family size?

Hypothesis: The average household size was 3.07.


Premise: Who designed the golf course located at the Sunnyside Country Club?

Hypothesis: Although parts of Sunnyside are within the City of Fresno, much of the neighborhood is a "county island" within Fresno County.


Premise: Who first proved Bertrand's postulate?

Hypothesis: Another formula is based on Wilson's theorem and generates the number 2 many times and all other primes exactly once.


Premise: The entrepreneurs Josiah Wedgwood, Matthew Boulton and Eleanor Coade were influenced by what manufacturing process developed during the Industrial Revolution?

Hypothesis: As the Industrial Revolution took hold, the growth of mass production produced entrepreneurs such as Josiah Wedgwood, Matthew Boulton and Eleanor Coade.


Premise: When was Rhineland subject to the Treaty of Versailles?

Hypothesis: At the end of World War I, the Rhineland was subject to the Treaty of Versailles.


Premise: Who invented a high-pressure steam engine around 1800?

Hypothesis: Thereafter, technological developments and improvements in manufacturing techniques (partly brought about by the adoption of the steam engine as a power source) resulted in the design of more efficient engines that could be smaller, faster, or more powerful, depending on the intended application.


Premise: What was the principle shown in The Mark of Anarchy?

Hypothesis: It is perhaps the first modern[vague] statement of the principle of nonviolent protest.


Premise: What company was this the last Super Bowl they would let customers have an opportunity to get their own commercial ideas aired?

Hypothesis: This would be the final year in a multi-year contract with Anheuser-Busch InBev that allowed the beer manufacturer to air multiple advertisements during the game at a steep discount.


Premise: What was the teacher's role while the child was with them?

Hypothesis: While a child was in school, a teacher was expected to act as a substitute parent, with all the normal forms of parental discipline open to them.


Premise: Where was the disease spreading between 1348 and 1350?

Hypothesis: From Italy, the disease spread northwest across Europe, striking France, Spain, Portugal and England by June 1348, then turned and spread east through Germany and Scandinavia from 1348 to 1350.


Premise: How much did Westinghouse pay for Tesla's designs?

Hypothesis: In July 1888, Brown and Peck negotiated a licensing deal with George Westinghouse for Tesla's polyphase induction motor and transformer designs for $60,000 in cash and stock and a royalty of $2.50 per AC horsepower produced by each motor.


Premise: What can concentrated oxygen produce?

Hypothesis: Combustion hazards also apply to compounds of oxygen with a high oxidative potential, such as peroxides, chlorates, nitrates, perchlorates, and dichromates because they can donate oxygen to a fire.


Premise: What  former administrative building was used for the MSP's offices?

Hypothesis: The former administrative building of Lothian Regional Council on George IV Bridge was used for the MSP's offices.


Premise: What two talk shows are currently featured during daytime programming on ABC?

Hypothesis: Daytime programming is also provided from 11:00 a.m. to 3:00 p.m. weekdays (with a one-hour break at 12:00 p.m. Eastern/Pacific for stations to air newscasts, other locally produced programming such as talk shows, or syndicated programs) featuring the talk/lifestyle shows The View and The Chew and the soap opera General Hospital.


Premise: How long did Julia Butterfly Hill live in a tree?

Hypothesis: Bedau writes, "There is a whole class of acts, undertaken in the name of civil disobedience, which, even if they were widely practiced, would in themselves constitute hardly more than a nuisance (e.g. trespassing at a nuclear-missile installation)...


Premise: Near Chur, which direction does the Rhine turn?

Hypothesis: The river makes a distinctive turn to the north near Chur.


Premise: The Sunday Service of the Methodists in North America was a revised version of what book?

Hypothesis: Wesley's Sunday Service has shaped the official liturgies of the Methodists ever since.


Premise: What did ABC do that was special in 2003?

Hypothesis: The ABC has periodically repeated episodes; of note were the weekly screenings of all available classic episodes starting in 2003, for the show's 40th anniversary, and the weekdaily screenings of all available revived episodes in 2013 for the show's 50th anniversary.


Premise: When was the IPCC Fourth Assessment Report published?

Hypothesis: The IPCC Fourth Assessment Report (AR4) published in 2007 featured a graph showing 12 proxy based temperature reconstructions, including the three highlighted in the 2001 Third Assessment Report (TAR); Mann, Bradley & Hughes 1999 as before, Jones et al.


Premise: What was Martin Parry's role in the IPCC?

Hypothesis: Martin Parry, a climate expert who had been co-chair of the IPCC working group II, said that "What began with a single unfortunate error over Himalayan glaciers has become a clamour without substance" and the IPCC had investigated the other alleged mistakes, which were "generally unfounded and also marginal to the assessment".


Premise: In what form are most hospital medications?

Hypothesis: Hospital pharmacies usually stock a larger range of medications, including more specialized medications, than would be feasible in the community setting.


Premise: How high are many of the buildings with turrets?

Hypothesis: Of Grainger Town's 450 buildings, 244 are listed, of which 29 are grade


Premise: What do Plastoglobuli exchange contents with?

Hypothesis: In old or stressed chloroplasts, plastoglobuli tend to occur in linked groups or chains, still always anchored to a thylakoid.


Premise: What is petrology?

Hypothesis: In typical geological investigations, geologists use primary information related to petrology (the study of rocks), stratigraphy (the study of sedimentary layers), and structural geology (the study of positions of rock units and their deformation).


Premise: What is the title of Edwards book about Luther?

Hypothesis: Some scholars, such as Mark U. Edwards in his book Luther's Last Battles: Politics and Polemics 1531–46 (1983), suggest that since Luther's increasingly antisemitic views developed during the years his health deteriorated, it is possible they were at least partly the product of a declining state of mind.


Premise: What river was there originally a bridge across in Roman times?

Hypothesis: The course of the "Roman Wall" can be traced eastwards to the Segedunum Roman fort in Wallsend—the "wall's end"—and to the supply fort Arbeia in South Shields.


Premise: Who presents different ideas about how to accomplish goals?

Hypothesis: Several D&B contractors present different ideas about how to accomplish these goals.


Premise: What was Genghis Khan's tribes burial custom?

Hypothesis: The Genghis Khan Mausoleum, constructed many years after his death, is his memorial, but not his burial site.


Premise: How old was Martin Luther when he married?

Hypothesis: Martin Luther married Katharina von Bora, one of 12 nuns he had helped escape from the Nimbschen Cistercian convent in April 1523, when he arranged for them to be smuggled out in herring barrels. "


Premise: What do statements from the PO and member in charge of the bill also indicate?

Hypothesis: Statements from the Presiding Officer and the member in charge of the bill are also lodged indicating whether the bill is within the legislative competence of the Parliament.


Premise: When was the IPCC Third Assessment Report published?


Premise: What did the civil war leave the state of Afghanistan's economy in?

Hypothesis: In Afghanistan, the mujahideen's victory against the Soviet Union in the 1980s did not lead to justice and prosperity, due to a vicious and destructive civil war between political and tribal warlords, making Afghanistan one of the poorest countries on earth.


Premise: What process attributes new wealth to those that already have it?

Hypothesis: Wealth concentration is a theoretical[according to whom?]


Premise: What was later discovered written by Luther?

Hypothesis: The statement was in Latin, apart from "We are beggars," which was in German.


Premise: How long did Western Europe control Cyprus?

Hypothesis: The conquest of Cyprus by the Anglo-Norman forces of the Third Crusade opened a new chapter in the history of the island, which would be under Western European domination for the following 380 years.


Premise: Which authority figure is designated to schedule and set the work of the EU?

Hypothesis: The Commission's President (currently an ex-Luxembourg Prime Minister, Jean-Claude Juncker) sets the agenda for the EU's work.


Premise: What is the largest city the Rhine runs through?

Hypothesis: Rhein, French: le Rhin, Dutch: Rijn) is a European river that begins in the Swiss canton of Graubünden in the southeastern Swiss Alps, forms part of the Swiss-Austrian, Swiss-Liechtenstein border, Swiss-German and then the Franco-German border, then flows through the Rhineland and eventually empties into the North Sea in the Netherlands.


Premise: Where was Tesla's laboratory established?

Hypothesis: On 30 July 1891, at the age of 35, Tesla became a naturalized citizen of the United States, and established his South Fifth Avenue laboratory, and later another at 46 E. Houston Street, in New York.


Premise: What could inverted repeats help do?

Hypothesis: It is possible that the inverted repeats help stabilize the rest of the chloroplast genome, as chloroplast DNAs which have lost some of the inverted repeat segments tend to get rearranged more.


Premise: What can result in more equal distribution of income?

Hypothesis: Additionally, steeper tax progressivity applied to social spending can result in a more equal distribution of income across the board.


Premise: When did the Jin dynasty end?

Hypothesis: During the Yuan dynasty, one of Confucius' descendants moved from China to Goryeo era Korea and established a branch of the family there after marrying a Korean woman.


Premise: What can cause fluctuations in the production of corn?

Hypothesis: The production of major food staples such as corn is subject to sharp weather-related fluctuations.


Premise: Why must one be excluded in order to preserve the uniqueness of the fundamental theorem?

Hypothesis: The uniqueness in this theorem requires excluding 1 as a prime because one can include arbitrarily many instances of 1 in any factorization, e.g., 3, 1 · 3, 1 · 1 · 3, etc.


Premise: What did John Wesley originally call the experience of conversion?

Hypothesis: In this reception, we are forgiven through the atoning work of Jesus Christ on the cross.


Premise: How can the deposition of compliment kill invader cells directly?

Hypothesis: In humans, this response is activated by complement binding to antibodies that have attached to these microbes or the binding of complement proteins to carbohydrates on the surfaces of microbes.


Premise: What happened as a result of the Russo-Japanese War?

Hypothesis: During the Second Sino-Japanese War in 1937, Japan's military invaded central China and by the end of the Pacific War, Japan had conquered much of the Far East, including Hong Kong, Vietnam, Cambodia, Myanmar, the Philippines, Indonesia, part of New Guinea and some islands of the Pacific Ocean.


Premise: Where did Jebe's forces first defeat Kuchlug?

Hypothesis: Kuchlug fled again, but was soon hunted down by Jebe's army and executed.


Premise: What chemical element was the cause of the Apollo 1 disastrous outcome?

Hypothesis: Steel pipes and storage vessels used to store and transmit both gaseous and liquid oxygen will act as a fuel; and therefore the design and manufacture of O_2 systems requires special training to ensure that ignition sources are minimized.


Premise: When did the undergraduate program become coeducational?

Hypothesis: Following the American Civil War, President Charles W. Eliot's long tenure (1869–1909) transformed the college and affiliated professional schools into a modern research university; Harvard was a founding member of the Association of American Universities in 1900.


Premise: What is the United States at risk for because of the recession of 2008?

Hypothesis: It estimated that if the average United States worker had completed just one more year of school, it would add an additional $105 billion in growth to the country's economy over five years.


Premise: What is the weakest main interaction?

Hypothesis: Only four main interactions are known: in order of decreasing strength, they are:


Premise: Who was the Most Valuable Player of Super Bowl 50?

Hypothesis: The Broncos took an early lead in Super Bowl 50 and never trailed.


Premise: What was Kublai Khan's relation to Genghis Khan?

Hypothesis: In general the legacy of Genghis Khan and his successors, who completed the conquest of China after 65 years of struggle, remains a mixed topic.[citation needed]


Premise: When did Lev's Stadium open?

Hypothesis: The $1.2 billion stadium opened in 2014.


Premise: What percentage of British children are educated at GSCE level in fee-paying schools?

Hypothesis: The name "public school" is based on the fact that the schools were open to pupils from anywhere, and not merely to those from a certain locality, and of any religion or occupation.


Premise: What is the opposite of an ongoing role of teaching?

Hypothesis: In some countries, formal education can take place through home schooling.


Premise: What is the name of the property where the media event was held for Super Bowl 50?

Hypothesis: The event was held on February 1, 2016 at SAP Center in San Jose.


Premise: What was the first Doctor Who show that TVOntario ran?

Hypothesis: TVOntario picked up the show in 1976 beginning with The Three Doctors and aired each series (several years late) through to series 24 in 1991.


Premise: Constructing a project that fails to adhere to codes does not benefit whom?

Hypothesis: An attorney may seek changes or exemptions in the law that governs the land where the building will be built, either by arguing that a rule is inapplicable (the bridge design will not cause a collapse), or that the custom is no longer needed (acceptance of live-work spaces has grown in the community).


Premise: What does the Riemann hypothesis state the source of irregularity in the distribution of points comes from?

Hypothesis: In particular, the simplest assumption is that primes should have no significant irregularities without good reason.


Premise: What parts of plants have chloroplasts?

Hypothesis: All green parts of a plant contain chloroplasts—the chloroplasts, or more specifically, the chlorophyll in them are what make the photosynthetic parts of a plant green.


Premise: What radio station is located at 103.5FM on the dial in Denver?

Hypothesis: In Denver, KOA (850 AM) and KRFX (103.5 FM) will carry the game, with Dave Logan on play-by-play and Ed McCaffrey on color commentary.


Premise: What cable provider did ABC reach an agreement with in 1993 to carry it's owned-and-operated stations in ABC O&O markets?

Hypothesis: That same year, Capital Cities/ABC purchased the French animation studio DIC Entertainment; it also signed an agreement with Time Warner Cable to carry its owned-and-operated television stations on the provider's systems in ABC O&O markets.


Premise: How long until the Provisional Registration is upgraded, if requirements are met?

Hypothesis: Once successfully completed, "Provisional Registration" is given by the GTCS which is raised to "Full Registration" status after a year if there is sufficient evidence to show that the "Standard for Full Registration" has been met.


Premise: Who was appointed Genghis Khan's successor?

Hypothesis: In The Secret History of the Mongols, just before the invasion of the Khwarezmid Empire by Genghis Khan, Chagatai declared before his father and brothers that he would never accept Jochi as Genghis Khan's successor.


Premise: What player won the MVP in Super Bowl V?

Hypothesis: I and II) and Chuck Howley (MVP of Super Bowl V) appeared via video, while Peyton Manning (MVP of Super Bowl XLI and current Broncos quarterback) was shown in the locker room preparing for the game.


Premise: What is an example of a pump component?

Hypothesis: When coal is used, a chain or screw stoking mechanism and its drive engine or motor may be included to move the fuel from a supply bin (bunker) to the firebox.


Premise: Who owns more wealth than the bottom 90 percent of people in the U.S.?

Hypothesis: According to PolitiFact the top 400 richest Americans "have more wealth than half of all Americans combined."


Premise: What path does a ball thrown up and down in a moving vehicle take when seen by an outside observer?

Hypothesis: A person can throw a ball straight up in the air and catch it as it falls down without worrying about applying a force in the direction the vehicle is moving.


Premise: Who was the Broncos' leading rusher for the 2015 season?

Hypothesis: Overall, the offense ranked 19th in scoring with 355 points and did not have any Pro Bowl selections.


Premise: What year did the university team up with Shimer College?

Hypothesis: In 1896, the university affiliated with Shimer College in Mount Carroll, Illinois.


Premise: What was the population of Kenya in 2014?

Hypothesis: Kenya covers 581,309 km2 (224,445 sq mi), and had a population of approximately 45 million people in July 2014.


Premise: How many hymns did Luther contribute to the Erfurt Enchiridion?

Hypothesis: Luther's hymns were included in early Lutheran hymnals and spread the ideas of the Reformation.


Premise: Scottish or Irish describe the type of what people in Newcastle have?

Hypothesis: Many people in the city have Scottish or Irish ancestors.


Premise: From what pad was Apollo 5 launched from?

Hypothesis: The ascent engine was fired in abort mode, known as a "fire-in-the-hole" test, where it was lit simultaneously with jettison of the descent stage.


Premise: Who was Al-Banna's assassination a retaliation for the prior assassination of?

Hypothesis: The Brotherhood has suffered periodic repression in Egypt and has been banned several times, in 1948 and several years later following confrontations with Egyptian president Gamal Abdul Nasser, who jailed thousands of members for several years.


Premise: What party had a victory in the 2015 UK election?

Hypothesis: Following the Conservative victory in the 2015 UK election, standing orders of the House of Commons were changed to give MPs representing English constituencies a new "veto" over laws only affecting England.


Premise: Why was the Rhine regulated?

Hypothesis: A regulation of the Rhine was called for, with an upper canal near Diepoldsau and a lower canal at Fußach, in order to counteract the constant flooding and strong sedimentation in the western Rhine Delta.


Premise: How many homes did the Alta Vista Tract have five years after Billings & Meyering acquired it?

Hypothesis: A mere half decade later the tract had 267 homes.


Premise: How did trying to establish a devolved Scottish Assembly go in 1979?

Hypothesis: The 1979 Scottish devolution referendum to establish a devolved Scottish Assembly failed.


Premise: What voyager said that Mombasa was a great harbour and moored small crafts and great ships?

Hypothesis: By the 15th-century, Portuguese voyager Duarte Barbosa claimed that "Mombasa is a place of great traffic and has a good harbour in which there are always moored small craft of many kinds and also great ships, both of which are bound from Sofala and others which come from Cambay and Melinde and others which sail to the island of Zanzibar."


Premise: What is the name of the longest bridge in Germany?

Hypothesis: Between Emmerich and Cleves the Emmerich Rhine Bridge, the longest suspension bridge in Germany, crosses the 400 m wide river.


Premise: In what form are most hospital medications?

Hypothesis: Most hospital medications are unit-dose, or a single dose of medicine.


Premise: What was added to the the church of St. Andrew in 1726?

Hypothesis: This older church would have been one of several churches along the River Tyne dedicated to St Andrew, including the Priory church at Hexham.


Premise: How much did Tesla weigh?

Hypothesis: He was an elegant, stylish figure in New York City, meticulous in his grooming, clothing, and regimented in his daily activities.


Premise: What does the Riemann hypothesis state the source of irregularity in the distribution of points comes from?

Hypothesis: From a physical viewpoint, it roughly states that the irregularity in the distribution of primes only comes from random noise.


Premise: What team did the Panthers defeat?

Hypothesis: The Broncos finished the regular season with a 12–4 record, and denied the New England Patriots a chance to defend their title from Super Bowl XLIX by defeating them 20–18 in the AFC Championship Game.


Premise: What is the best QB ranking that Cam Newton holds?

Hypothesis: Pro Bowl quarterback Cam Newton had one of his best seasons, throwing for 3,837 yards and rushing for 636, while recording a career-high and league-leading 45 total touchdowns (35 passing, 10 rushing), a career-low 10 interceptions, and a career-best quarterback rating of 99.4.


Premise: Name a common autoimmune disease.

Hypothesis: Common autoimmune diseases include Hashimoto's thyroiditis, rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes mellitus type 1, and systemic lupus erythematosus.


Premise: Is the packet header long

Hypothesis: The packet header can be small, as it only needs to contain this code and any information, such as length, timestamp, or sequence number, which is different for different packets.


Premise: What did Luther write as an outline of the new faith?

Hypothesis: According to Bainton: "Luther's dilemma was that he wanted both a confessional church based on personal faith and experience and a territorial church including all in a given locality.


Premise: What country did ABC expand in to in the mid-1960s?

Hypothesis: The first attempts to internationalize the ABC television network date back to the 1950s, after Leonard Goldenson, following the United Paramount Theatres model, tried to use on ABC the same strategies he had made in expanding UPT's theater operation to the international market.


Premise: Who has the record of being the oldest quarter back in any Super Bowl game?

Hypothesis: He is also the oldest quarterback ever to play in a Super Bowl at age 39.


Premise: When is the Warsaw Gallery Weekend held?

Hypothesis: Zachęta National Gallery of Art, the oldest exhibition site in Warsaw, with a tradition stretching back to the mid-19th century organises exhibitions of modern art by Polish and international artists and promotes art in many other ways.


Premise: Who did Genghis Khan charge with finding and punishing the Shah?

Hypothesis: Genghis Khan ordered Subutai and Jebe to hunt him down, giving them 20,000 men and two years to do this.


Premise: Who sacked Cam Newton at the end of the half?

Hypothesis: However, the Panthers soon took the ball back when defensive end Kony Ealy tipped a Manning pass to himself and then intercepted it, returning the ball 19 yards to the Panthers 39-yard line with 1:55 left on the clock.


Premise: Who is viewed as the first modern geologist?

Hypothesis: In his paper, he explained his theory that the Earth must be much older than had previously been supposed in order to allow enough time for mountains to be eroded and for sediments to form new rocks at the bottom of the sea, which in turn were raised up to become dry land.


Premise: Tumor antigens are complexed with MHC class I molecules in the same way as what antigens?

Hypothesis: NK cells also kill tumorous cells in a similar way, especially if the tumor cells have fewer MHC class I molecules on their surface than normal; this is a common phenomenon with tumors.


Premise: What is the source of oxygen production through electrocatalytic means?

Hypothesis: A similar method is the electrocatalytic O_2 evolution from oxides and oxoacids.


Premise: What natural resources did the Chinese government have a monopoly on?

Hypothesis: He instituted the reforms proposed by his Chinese advisers by centralizing the bureaucracy, expanding the circulation of paper money, and maintaining the traditional monopolies on salt and iron.


Premise: Which descendants of Genghis Khan tried to dissociate themselves from the Mongol massacres in the Middle East?

Hypothesis: However, Mughal Emperors directly patronized the legacies of Genghis Khan and Timur; together their names were synonymous with the names of other distinguished personalities particularly among the Muslim populations of South Asia.


Premise: How many members are on the Warsaw City Counil?

Hypothesis: Legislative power in Warsaw is vested in a unicameral Warsaw City Council (Rada Miasta), which comprises 60 members.


Premise: Who do clinical pharmacists work with much of the time?

Hypothesis: Clinical pharmacists often collaborate with physicians and other healthcare professionals to improve pharmaceutical care.


Premise: The term "southern" California usually refers to how many of the southern-most counties of the state?

Hypothesis: "Southern California" is not a formal geographic designation, and definitions of what constitutes southern California vary.


Premise: What religion is the western region mostly?

Hypothesis: Western areas of the Coast Region are mostly Christian.


Premise: What titles are the President given?

Hypothesis: The President is both the head of state and head of government, and of a multi-party system.


Premise: What difficulties was Shirly having?

Hypothesis: Shirley's efforts to fortify Oswego were bogged down in logistical difficulties, exacerbated by Shirley's inexperience in managing large expeditions.


Premise: What did Johannes Agricola preach that God's gospel revealed?

Hypothesis: Early in 1537, Johannes Agricola (1494–1566) – serving at the time as pastor in Luther's birthplace, Eisleben – preached a sermon in which he claimed that God's gospel, not God's moral law (the Ten Commandments), revealed God's wrath to Christians.


Premise: When did the Venetians take total control of Cyprus?

Hypothesis: It was only in 1489 that the Venetians acquired full control of the island, which remained a Christian stronghold until the fall of Famagusta in 1571.


Premise: Which player recovered possession of the ball in the end zone?

Hypothesis: A few plays later, on 3rd-and-10 from the 15-yard line, linebacker Von Miller knocked the ball out of Newton's hands while sacking him, and Malik Jackson recovered it in the end zone for a Broncos touchdown, giving the team a 10–0 lead.


Premise: What military impact did Huguenot immigration have on Frederick's army?

Hypothesis: Three hundred refugees were granted asylum at the court of George William, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg in Celle.


Premise: What rate of unionization do Scandinavian nations have?

Hypothesis: Sociologist Jake Rosenfield of the University of Washington asserts that the decline of organized labor in the United States has played a more significant role in expanding the income gap than technological changes and globalization, which were also experienced by other industrialized nations that didn't experience steep surges in inequality.


Premise: How many yards was the missed field goal?

Hypothesis: But the Broncos defense halted the drive on the 26-yard line, and it ended with no points when Graham Gano hit the uprights on a 44-yard field goal attempt.


Premise: What year did AGOA take effect?

Hypothesis: Since AGOA took effect in 2000, Kenya's clothing sales to the United States increased from US$44 million to US$270 million (2006).[citation needed]


Premise: How are eggs and sperm released?

Hypothesis: The gonads are located in the parts of the internal canal network under the comb rows, and eggs and sperm are released via pores in the epidermis.


Premise: Which measure must be adopted when there is a choice between several?

Hypothesis: The principle of proportionality is also recognised in Article 5 of the EC Treaty, stating that "any action by the Community shall not go beyond what is necessary to achieve the objectives of this Treaty".


Premise: What is the name of the United Kingdom operation for BSkyB?

Hypothesis: The United Kingdom operations also changed the company name from British Sky Broadcasting Limited to Sky UK Limited, still trading as Sky.


Premise: What was a non-religious reason for the massacre?

Hypothesis: The Catholic Church in France and many of its members opposed the Huguenots.


Premise: When was the Skylab launched?

Hypothesis: Skylab's last crew departed the station on February 8, 1974, and the station itself re-entered the atmosphere in 1979, by which time it had become the oldest operational Apollo-Saturn component.


Premise: Which neighborhood lies west of the 41 freeway?

Hypothesis: The "West Side" of Fresno, also often called "Southwest Fresno", is one of the oldest neighborhoods in the city.


Premise: What dilemma is a good example of moral civil disobedience?

Hypothesis: The Fully Informed Jury Association's publication "A Primer for Prospective Jurors" notes, "Think of the dilemma faced by German citizens when Hitler's secret police demanded to know if they were hiding a Jew in their house."


Premise: What tribe did Toghrul lead?

Hypothesis: Temüjin turned to Toghrul for support, and in response, Toghrul offered his vassal 20,000 of his Keraite warriors and suggested that he also involve his childhood friend Jamukha, who had himself become Khan (ruler) of his own tribe, the Jadaran.


Premise: What is the opposite of an ongoing role of teaching?

Hypothesis: Informal learning may be assisted by a teacher occupying a transient or ongoing role, such as a family member, or by anyone with knowledge or skills in the wider community setting.


Premise: What basin was formed when the Andes Mountains rose?

Hypothesis: As the Andes Mountains rose, however, a large basin was created that enclosed a lake; now known as the Solimões Basin.


Premise: What tool do stratigraphers use to see their data in three dimensions?

Hypothesis: Geophysical data and well logs can be combined to produce a better view of the subsurface, and stratigraphers often use computer programs to do this in three dimensions.


Premise: When did Tesla claim to have built the weapon?

Hypothesis: Only a little time will pass before I can give it to the world."


Premise: When was Geegen the emperor?

Hypothesis: They placed Yesün Temür (or Taidingdi) on the throne, and, after an unsuccessful attempt to calm the princes, he also succumbed to regicide.


Premise: What happened to Dane?

Hypothesis: In 1862, the Tesla family moved to Gospić, Austrian Empire, where Tesla's father worked as a pastor.


Premise: When was the paper published that the "Millennial Northern Hemisphere temperature reconstruction" graph was based on?

Hypothesis: The third assessment report (TAR) prominently featured a graph labeled "Millennial Northern Hemisphere temperature reconstruction" based on a 1999 paper by Michael E. Mann, Raymond S. Bradley and Malcolm K. Hughes (MBH99), which has been referred to as the "hockey stick graph".


Premise: Which amino acids contain sulfur?

Hypothesis: Cysteine is made in the chloroplast (the proplastid too) but it is also synthesized in the cytosol and mitochondria, probably because it has trouble crossing membranes to get to where it is needed.


Premise: What US war has a large amount of Civil Disobedients?

Hypothesis: During the Vietnam War era, the Chicago Eight used a political defense, while Benjamin Spock used a technical defense.


Premise: Where did Tesla believe his talents came from?

Hypothesis: Tesla's mother, Đuka Tesla (née Mandić), whose father was also an Orthodox priest,:10 had a talent for making home craft tools, mechanical appliances, and the ability to memorize Serbian epic poems.


Premise: What are some of the causes of child labor?

Hypothesis: The Ministry of Gender and Child Affairs employed 400 child protection officers in 2009.


Premise: What is the highest point of the Rhine basin called?

Hypothesis: The Aare also contains the waters from the 4,274 m (14,022 ft) summit of Finsteraarhorn, the highest point of the Rhine basin.


Premise: By what means is bulk oxygen shipped?

Hypothesis: For reasons of economy, oxygen is often transported in bulk as a liquid in specially insulated tankers, since one liter of liquefied oxygen is equivalent to 840 liters of gaseous oxygen at atmospheric pressure and 20 °C (68 °F).


Premise: This type of system is known as

Hypothesis: It was the primary protocol used by Apple devices through the 1980s and 90s.


Premise: When an activated killer T cell finds cells where the MHC 1 receptor has specific antigens, it releases cytotoxins such as what?

Hypothesis: When an activated T cell contacts such cells, it releases cytotoxins, such as perforin, which form pores in the target cell's plasma membrane, allowing ions, water and toxins to enter.


Premise: What did Genghis Khan do to the Tangut imperial family after their surrender?

Hypothesis: The new Tangut emperor quickly surrendered to the Mongols, and the rest of the Tanguts officially surrendered soon after.


Premise: What venue hosted Super Bowl Opening Night?

Hypothesis: The game's media day, which was typically held on the Tuesday afternoon prior to the game, was moved to the Monday evening and re-branded as Super Bowl Opening Night.


Premise: What is the Daleks' main weakness?

Hypothesis: Their main weakness is their eyestalk; attacks upon them using various weapons can blind a Dalek, making it go mad.


Premise: By the opening of the 2008 General Conference, what was the total UMC membership in the U.S.?

Hypothesis: By the opening of the 2008 General Conference, total UMC membership was estimated at 11.4 million, with about 7.9 million in the U.S. and 3.5 million overseas.


Premise: What was the most important of these cities or towns?

Hypothesis: The city's political institutions and the university were all handed over to the Huguenots.


Premise: What did the acronym AAP stand for?

Hypothesis: Astronauts would continue to use the CSM as a ferry to the station.


Premise: What researcher showed that air is a necessity for combustion?

Hypothesis: From this he surmised that nitroaereus is consumed in both respiration and combustion.


Premise: Which team won Super Bowl 50.

Hypothesis: Super Bowl 50 was an American football game to determine the champion of the National Football League (NFL) for the 2015 season.


Premise: What composer used Luther's hymns in his works?

Hypothesis: Luther's hymns inspired composers to write music.


Premise: What was the Presidential Working Party on the Second University commissioned to do?

Hypothesis: Although the 7–4–2–3 system theoretically ended with the introduction of the new 8–4–4 system in 1985, the last batch of students from the former system graduated from Kenyan Universities in 1992.


Premise: The UMC established and is affiliated with approximately how many colleges and universities in the U.S.?

Hypothesis: As such, the United Methodist Church established and is affiliated with around one hundred colleges and universities in the United States, including Syracuse University, Boston University, Emory University, Duke University, Drew University, University of Denver, University of Evansville, and Southern Methodist University.


Premise: What is the break down of years at different level of education?

Hypothesis: Graduates from the polytechnics and colleges can then join the workforce and later obtain a specialised higher diploma qualification after a further one to two years of training, or join the university – usually in the second or third year of their respective course.


Premise: What Doctor Who episode won a Hugo Award in 2010?

Hypothesis: Doctor Who star Matt Smith won Best Actor in the 2012 National Television awards alongside Karen Gillan who won Best Actress.


Premise: What did Tesla's father originally want him to do?

Hypothesis: Shortly after he arrived, Tesla contracted cholera; he was bedridden for nine months and was near death multiple times.


Premise: Who created an index of health and social problems?

Hypothesis: Creating an index of "Health and Social Problems" from nine factors, authors Richard Wilkinson and Kate Pickett found health and social problems "more common in countries with bigger income inequalities", and more common among states in the US with larger income inequalities.


Premise: How much does petroleum account for of the national import bill?

Hypothesis: Petroleum accounts for 20% to 25% of the national import bill.


Premise: What do lobates feed on?

Hypothesis: Between the lobes on either side of the mouth, many species of lobates have four auricles, gelatinous projections edged with cilia that produce water currents that help direct microscopic prey toward the mouth.


Premise: What was the defeat of the Arab troops at the hand of the Israeli troops during the Six-Day War?

Hypothesis: The defeat along with economic stagnation in the defeated countries, was blamed on the secular Arab nationalism of the ruling regimes.


Premise: What does it mean for a disease to be enzootic?

Hypothesis: The plague disease, caused by Yersinia pestis, is enzootic (commonly present) in populations of fleas carried by ground rodents, including marmots, in various areas including Central Asia, Kurdistan, Western Asia, Northern India and Uganda.


Premise: Who are FDA laws against importing medications aimed at?

Hypothesis: In the United States, there has been a push to legalize importation of medications from Canada and other countries, in order to reduce consumer costs.


Premise: Who lived in a tree to prevent it from being cut down as a form of civil disobedience?

Hypothesis: Julia Butterfly Hill lived in Luna, a 180-foot (55 m)-tall, 600-year-old California Redwood tree for 738 days, successfully preventing it from being cut down.


Premise: What city north of New York was settled by Huguenots?

Hypothesis: Huguenot immigrants did not disperse or settle in different parts of the country, but rather, formed three societies or congregations; one in the city of New York, another 21 miles north of New York in a town which they named New Rochelle, and a third further upstate in New Paltz.


Premise: Where is the upper canal regulation of the Rhine?

Hypothesis: A regulation of the Rhine was called for, with an upper canal near Diepoldsau and a lower canal at Fußach, in order to counteract the constant flooding and strong sedimentation in the western Rhine Delta.


Premise: Haeckelia prey mostly on what animal?

Hypothesis: Ctenophores have been compared to spiders in their wide range of techniques from capturing prey – some hang motionless in the water using their tentacles as "webs", some are ambush predators like Salticid jumping spiders, and some dangle a sticky droplet at the end of a fine thread, as bolas spiders do.


Premise: What sort of system releases the exhaust steam into the atmosphere?

Hypothesis: The working fluid in a Rankine cycle can operate as a closed loop system, where the working fluid is recycled continuously, or may be an "open loop" system, where the exhaust steam is directly released to the atmosphere, and a separate source of water feeding the boiler is supplied.


Premise: Who appoints the board of the European Central Bank?

Hypothesis: Beyond the Commission, the European Central Bank has relative executive autonomy in its conduct of monetary policy for the purpose of managing the euro.


Premise: What size are adult Ctenophora?

Hypothesis: Their most distinctive feature is the ‘combs’ – groups of cilia which they use for swimming – they are the largest animals that swim by means of cilia.


Premise: Noble acquired a loan from what entity to keep ABC solvent in 1951?

Hypothesis: In 1951, Noble held a 58% ownership stake in ABC, giving him $5 million with which to prevent ABC from going bankrupt; as banks refused further credit, that amount was obtained through a loan from the Prudential Insurance Company of America.


Premise: What do ctenophores have that no other animals have?

Hypothesis: Ctenophores form an animal phylum that is more complex than sponges, about as complex as cnidarians (jellyfish, sea anemones, etc.), and less complex than bilaterians (which include almost all other animals).


Premise: What notable private school has an endowment of several hundred million dollars?

Hypothesis: The leading schools such as the Groton School had substantial endowments running to hundreds of millions of dollars supplemented by fundraising drives.


Premise: When did Genghis Khan capture the Jin dynasty capital?

Hypothesis: In 1215 Genghis besieged, captured, and sacked the Jin capital of Zhongdu (modern-day Beijing).


Premise: Where were French North Americans settled?

Hypothesis: The French population numbered about 75,000 and was heavily concentrated along the St. Lawrence River valley, with some also in Acadia (present-day New Brunswick and parts of Nova Scotia, including Île Royale (present-day Cape Breton Island)).


Premise: How many meals a day do normal Kenyans eat?

Hypothesis: Ugali with vegetables, sour milk, meat, fish or any other stew is generally eaten by much of the population for lunch or supper.


Premise: What did Tesla's father originally want him to do?

Hypothesis: Tesla's father, in a moment of despair, promised to send him to the best engineering school if he recovered from the illness (his father had originally wanted him to enter the priesthood).


Premise: In what year did Luther get his degree?

Hypothesis: He was made to wake at four every morning for what has been described as "a day of rote learning and often wearying spiritual exercises."


Premise: Where are international corporations headquartered?

Hypothesis: Orange County is a rapidly developing business center that includes Downtown Santa Ana, the South Coast Metro and Newport Center districts; as well as the Irvine business centers of The Irvine Spectrum, West Irvine, and international corporations headquartered at the University of California, Irvine.


Premise: What is the lower canal regulation of the Rhine?


Premise: What aspect of Western medicine did the Chinese dislike?

Hypothesis: No Chinese translation of Western medical works is known, but it is possible that the Chinese had access to Avicenna's The Canon of Medicine.


Premise: What did Tesla patent in 1891?

Hypothesis: In the same year, he patented the Tesla coil.


Premise: Who was exempt from the meritocratic principles of the Mongol Empire?

Hypothesis: The exception was the role of Genghis Khan and his family.


Premise: Which border does the Rhine flow from the south?

Hypothesis: The Rhine flows into it from the south following the Swiss-Austrian border.


Premise: When did the Steven Spielberg movie Duel first debut?

Hypothesis: On the television side, in September 1969, ABC launched the Movie of the Week, a weekly showcase aimed at capitalizing on the growing success of made-for-TV movies since the early 1960s.


Premise: How many times did Arizona turn the ball over in the NFC Championship?

Hypothesis: The Panthers then blew out the Arizona Cardinals in the NFC Championship Game, 49–15, racking up 487 yards and forcing seven turnovers.


Premise: The earliest items in the jewelry collection come from which ancient civilization?

Hypothesis: The jewellery collection, containing over 6000 items is one of the finest and most comprehensive collections of jewellery in the world and includes works dating from Ancient Egypt to the present day, as well as jewellery designs on paper.


Premise: What is the historic heart of Newcastle?

Hypothesis: Established on classical streets built by Richard Grainger, a builder and developer, between 1835 and 1842, some of Newcastle upon Tyne's finest buildings and streets lie within this area of the city centre including Grainger Market, Theatre Royal, Grey Street, Grainger Street and Clayton Street.


Premise: Who was the Associate Administrator that Houbolt spoke with?

Hypothesis: Many engineers feared that a rendezvous —let alone a docking— neither of which had been attempted even in Earth orbit, would be extremely difficult in lunar orbit.


Premise: What does it mean when a harmonic series diverges?

Hypothesis: For example, the aforementioned fact that there are infinitely many primes can also be seen using the zeta function: if there were only finitely many primes then ζ(1) would have a finite value.


Premise: When was Skylab's last crew on the station before it re-entered Earth's atmosphere?

Hypothesis: The S-IVB orbital workshop was the only one of these plans to make it off the drawing board.


Premise: What happened to the dynamos in the power station?

Hypothesis: In August 1917, Tesla explained what had happened in The Electrical Experimenter: "As an example of what has been done with several hundred kilowatts of high frequency energy liberated, it was found that the dynamos in a power house six miles away were repeatedly burned out, due to the powerful high frequency currents set up in them, and which caused heavy sparks to jump through the windings and destroy the insulation!"


Premise: Concrete bounding of computation time frequently produces complexity classes contingent upon what?

Hypothesis: But bounding the computation time above by some concrete function f(n) often yields complexity classes that depend on the chosen machine model.


Premise: Where was Shirey going to be when Fort Oswego was to be attacked?

Hypothesis: Supplies for use in the projected attack on Niagara were cached at Fort Bull.


Premise: What else did the new consitution change?

Hypothesis: Among other things, the new constitution delegates more power to local governments and gives Kenyans a bill of rights.


Premise: When did the black death technically subside?

Hypothesis: An outbreak in 1471 took as much as 10–15% of the population, while the death rate of the plague of 1479–80 could have been as high as 20%.


Premise: How long was each episode of Doctor Who?

Hypothesis: It was to be a regular weekly programme, each episode 25 minutes of transmission length.


Premise: What can a simultaneous hermaphrodite do?

Hypothesis: Most species are hermaphrodites—a single animal can produce both eggs and sperm, meaning it can fertilize its own egg, not needing a mate.


Premise: In what process is singlet oxygen usually formed?

Hypothesis: Singlet oxygen is a name given to several higher-energy species of molecular O_2 in which all the electron spins are paired.


Premise: What major category of conservation result in an object that is more attractive and more comprehensible to the viewer?

Hypothesis: Interventive treatment makes an object more stable, but also more attractive and comprehensible to the viewer.


Premise: Who was added to party as Washington went on the way?

Hypothesis: Governor Robert Dinwiddie of Virginia was an investor in the Ohio Company, which stood to lose money if the French held their claim.


Premise: When did the Wahhabi seized the Grand Mosque in Mecca?

Hypothesis: Another motive for the large scale purchase of arms from the US by Saudi Arabia was the failure of the Shah during January 1979 to maintain control of Iran, a non-Arabic but largely Shiite Muslim nation, which fell to a theocratic Islamist government under the Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini in the wake of the 1979 Iranian Revolution.


Premise: What was the first spacecraft to orbit another celestial body?

Hypothesis: It stands alone in sending manned missions beyond low Earth orbit.


Premise: How many times had Thomas Davis torn his ACL in his career?

Hypothesis: Despite this, he insisted he would still find a way to play in the Super Bowl.


Premise: How was this possible

Hypothesis: It was the first network to make the hosts responsible for reliable delivery of data, rather than the network itself, using unreliable datagrams and associated end-to-end protocol mechanisms.


Premise: What did the Shah do when faced with defeat by Genghis Khan's forces?

Hypothesis: Near the end of the battle the Shah fled rather than surrender.


Premise: What is a statocyst?

Hypothesis: Its main component is a statocyst, a balance sensor consisting of a statolith, a solid particle supported on four bundles of cilia, called "balancers", that sense its orientation.


Premise: When was REM sleep discovered?

Hypothesis: REM sleep was discovered at the university in 1953 by Nathaniel Kleitman and Eugene Aserinsky.


Premise: What type of amendments might members opposed to a bill put on the table?

Hypothesis: This stage comprises two parts: consideration of amendments to the bill as a general debate, and a final vote on the bill.


Premise: What are the two simple word responses to a decision problem?

Hypothesis: A decision problem is a special type of computational problem whose answer is either yes or no, or alternately either 1 or 0.


Premise: What was the name of the Tangut capital?

Hypothesis: At Deshun, the Tangut general Ma Jianlong put up a fierce resistance for several days and personally led charges against the invaders outside the city gate.


Premise: Other theories of the word's origin can be generally classed as what?

Hypothesis: Some disagree with such double or triple non-French linguistic origins, arguing that for the word to have spread into common use in France, it must have originated in the French language.


Premise: What character in the play portrays civil disobedience?

Hypothesis: She gives a stirring speech in which she tells him that she must obey her conscience rather than human law.


Premise: What are cestida called?

Hypothesis: Velamen parallelum, which is typically less than 20 centimeters (0.66 ft) long, can move much faster in what has been described as a "darting motion".


Premise: When was the second oil crisis?

Hypothesis: The embargo caused an oil crisis, or "shock", with many short- and long-term effects on global politics and the global economy.


Premise: A decision made by what entity restored Tesla's patents?

Hypothesis: In 1943, a Supreme Court of the United States decision restored the prior patents of Tesla, Oliver Lodge, and John Stone.


Premise: What did Tesla work as after dropping out?

Hypothesis: In December 1878, Tesla left Graz and severed all relations with his family to hide the fact that he dropped out of school.


Premise: Who lost to the Panthers in the divisional round of the playoffs?

Hypothesis: The Panthers then blew out the Arizona Cardinals in the NFC Championship Game, 49–15, racking up 487 yards and forcing seven turnovers.


Premise: Why does Doctor Who's TARDIS always look the same?

Hypothesis: However, the Doctor's TARDIS remains fixed as a blue British Police box due to a malfunction in the chameleon circuit.


Premise: Even in large firms, architects, interior designers, engineers, developers, construction managers, and general contractors were more likely to be what?

Hypothesis: In the past, architects, interior designers, engineers, developers, construction managers, and general contractors were more likely to be entirely separate companies, even in the larger firms.


Premise: After the merger between ABC and Capital Cities, who became the vice president of ABC broadcasting?

Hypothesis: It also initiated several changes in its management: Frederick S. Pierce was named president of ABC's broadcasting division; Michael P. Millardi became vice president of ABC Broadcasting, and president of ABC Owned Stations and ABC Video Enterprises; John B. Sias was appointed president of the ABC Television Network; Brandon Stoddard became president of ABC Entertainment (a position to which he had been appointed in November 1985); and Roone Arledge became president of ABC News and ABC Sports.


Premise: What did AUSTPAC support

Hypothesis: Started by Telecom Australia in the early 1980s, AUSTPAC was Australia's first public packet-switched data network, supporting applications such as on-line betting, financial applications — the Australian Tax Office made use of AUSTPAC — and remote terminal access to academic institutions, who maintained their connections to AUSTPAC up until the mid-late 1990s in some cases.


Premise: What campaigh did the Scottish National Party (SNP) run?

Hypothesis: During this time, the discovery of oil in the North Sea and the following "It's Scotland's oil" campaign of the Scottish National Party (SNP) resulted in rising support for Scottish independence, as well as the SNP.


Premise: What happened to the rate of deforestation in the Amazon region of Brazil between 2004 and 2014?

Hypothesis: Although deforestation has declined significantly in the Brazilian Amazon between 2004 and 2014, there has been an increase to the present day.


Premise: What player played in the Super Bowl after breaking his arm two weeks before?

Hypothesis: McManus made all four of his field goals, making him perfect on all 11 attempts during the post-season.


Premise: How many tons of carbon are absorbed the Amazon in a typical year?

Hypothesis: In 2010 the Amazon rainforest experienced another severe drought, in some ways more extreme than the 2005 drought.


Premise: Where was the measurment for the standard gravity on Earth taken?

Hypothesis: This observation means that the force of gravity on an object at the Earth's surface is directly proportional to the object's mass.


Premise: Who was Tesla's secretary?

Hypothesis: Tesla's friend, Julian Hawthorne, wrote, "seldom did one meet a scientist or engineer who was also a poet, a philosopher, an appreciator of fine music, a linguist, and a connoisseur of food and drink.":80


Premise: Who designed the Scottish Parliament building?

Hypothesis: The Scottish Parliament building was designed by Spanish architect Enric Miralles in partnership with local Edinburgh Architecture firm RMJM which was led by Design Principal Tony Kettle.


Premise: The principle of faunal succession was developed 100 years before whose theory of evolution?

Hypothesis: Based on principles laid out by William Smith almost a hundred years before the publication of Charles Darwin's theory of evolution, the principles of succession were developed independently of evolutionary thought.


Premise: What is a lower rate of social goods an effect of?

Hypothesis: Effects of inequality researchers have found include higher rates of health and social problems, and lower rates of social goods, a lower level of economic utility in society from resources devoted on high-end consumption, and even a lower level of economic growth when human capital is neglected for high-end consumption.


Premise: When did ABC first start?

Hypothesis: Leonard Goldenson, who had been the head of UPT, made the new television network profitable by helping develop and greenlight many successful series.


Premise: How large are the outer PD ring's filaments?

Hypothesis: The inner plastid-dividing ring is located in the inner side of the chloroplast's inner membrane, and is formed first.


Premise: Who did BSkyB team up with because it was not part of the consortium?

Hypothesis: While BSkyB had been excluded from being a part of the ONdigital consortium, thereby making them a competitor by default, BSkyB was able to join ITV Digital's free-to-air replacement, Freeview, in which it holds an equal stake with the BBC, ITV, Channel 4 and National Grid Wireless.


Premise: What are two examples of measurements are bound within algorithms to establish complexity classes?

Hypothesis: Many important complexity classes can be defined by bounding the time or space used by the algorithm.


Premise: How many tree species are in the rainforest?

Hypothesis: The biodiversity of plant species is the highest on Earth with one 2001 study finding a quarter square kilometer (62 acres) of Ecuadorian rainforest supports more than 1,100 tree species.


Premise: Capital City and ABC sold the WXYZ-TV and WFTS-TV stations to what company?

Hypothesis: Due to an FCC ban on same-market ownership of television and radio stations by a single company (although the deal would have otherwise complied with new ownership rules implemented by the FCC in January 1985, that allowed broadcasters to own a maximum of 12 television stations), ABC and Capital Cities respectively decided to sell WXYZ-TV and Tampa independent station WFTS-TV to the E. W. Scripps Company (although Capital Cities/ABC originally intended to seek a cross-ownership waiver to retain WXYZ and Capital Cities-owned radio stations WJR and WHYT).


Premise: What modern math concept did Zhu Shijie do work similar to?

Hypothesis: Zhu used a method of elimination to reduce the simultaneous equations to a single equation with only one unknown.


Premise: In what borough is there a neighborhood called Huguenot?

Hypothesis: A small group of Huguenots also settled on the south shore of Staten Island along the New York Harbor, for which the current neighborhood of Huguenot was named.


Premise: What team did Justin Tucker play for?

Hypothesis: NFL and Atlanta Braves field director Ed Mangan stated that the field was in "great shape" for gameday.


Premise: In which year did the newspaper define southern California?

Hypothesis: In 1900, the Los Angeles Times defined southern California as including "the seven counties of Los Angeles, San Bernardino, Orange, Riverside, San Diego, Ventura and Santa Barbara."


Premise: What process down the line does rubisco's flaw interfere with?

Hypothesis: This is a big problem, since O2 is produced by the initial light reactions of photosynthesis, causing issues down the line in the Calvin cycle which uses rubisco.


Premise: In the article's title, what did the machine hope to end?

Hypothesis: However, his religious views remain uncertain due to other statements that he made.


Premise: Where does the Nederrijn change it's name?

Hypothesis: However, at Wijk bij Duurstede, the Nederrijn changes its name and becomes the Lek.


Premise: On what basis do the radical Islamist organizations conduct their attacks?

Hypothesis: Radical Islamist organizations like al-Qaeda and the Egyptian Islamic Jihad, and groups such as the Taliban, entirely reject democracy, often declaring as kuffar those Muslims who support it (see takfirism), as well as calling for violent/offensive jihad or urging and conducting attacks on a religious basis.


Premise: What did the museum acquire from the Royal College of Science?

Hypothesis: In 1974 the museum had acquired what is now the Henry Cole wing from the Royal College of Science.


Premise: What is the Daleks' main weakness?

Hypothesis: They continue to be a recurring 'monster' within the Doctor


Premise: Who is best able to leverage the accumulation of wealth?

Hypothesis: Over time, wealth condensation can significantly contribute to the persistence of inequality within society.


Premise: How did Natives in Logstown take Celeron's information?

Hypothesis: When Céloron's expedition arrived at Logstown, the Native Americans in the area informed Céloron that they owned the Ohio Country and that they would trade with the British regardless of the French.


Premise: Purpose of Telnet

Hypothesis: It initially used ARPANET technology but changed the host interface to X.25 and the terminal interface to X.29.


Premise: The United States is divided into how many jurisdictions?

Hypothesis: Subordinate to the General Conference are the jurisdictional and central conferences which also meet every four years.


Premise: Who gave Genghis Khan the title Khadan?

Hypothesis: The title Khagan was not conferred on Genghis until after his death, when his son and successor, Ögedei, took the title for himself and extended it posthumously to his father (as he was also to be posthumously declared the founder of the Yuan dynasty).


Premise: What has successfully dealt with ozone depletion?

Hypothesis: The IPCC process on climate change and its efficiency and success has been compared with dealings with other environmental challenges (compare Ozone depletion and global warming).


Premise: Generally speaking, what size are the earthquakes that hit southern California?

Hypothesis: Each year, the southern California area has about 10,000 earthquakes.


Premise: What contains a nearly verbatim of parliamentary debates?

Hypothesis: Proceedings are also recorded in text form, in print and online, in the Official Report, which is the substantially verbatim transcript of parliamentary debates.


Premise: How did Morgan react to the request?

Hypothesis: Tesla later approached Morgan to ask for more funds to build a more powerful transmitter.


Premise: What are dart frogs are known to secrete?

Hypothesis: Various species of poison dart frogs secrete lipophilic alkaloid toxins through their flesh.


Premise: Who was the famous Huguenot theologian and writer in London?

Hypothesis: Andrew Lortie (born André Lortie), a leading Huguenot theologian and writer who led the exiled community in London, became known for articulating their criticism of the Pope and the doctrine of transubstantiation during Mass.


Premise: What do platyctenida use their pharynx for?

Hypothesis: Platyctenids are usually cryptically colored, live on rocks, algae, or the body surfaces of other invertebrates, and are often revealed by their long tentacles with many sidebranches, seen streaming off the back of the ctenophore into the current.


Premise: What year did Robert J. Shiller win an Economics Nobel prize?

Hypothesis: 2013 Economics Nobel prize winner Robert J. Shiller said that rising inequality in the United States and elsewhere is the most important problem.


Premise: Who leads the Student Government?

Hypothesis: Student Government is made up of graduate and undergraduate students elected to represent members from their respective academic unit.


Premise: Why did OPEC raise the price of oil to $5.11?

Hypothesis: The following day, oil ministers agreed to the embargo, a cut in production by five percent from September's output and to continue to cut production in five percent monthly increments until their economic and political objectives were met.


Premise: Who did Genghis Khan charge with finding and punishing the Shah?

Hypothesis: Genghis Khan ordered the wholesale massacre of many of the civilians, enslaved the rest of the population and executed Inalchuq by pouring molten silver into his ears and eyes, as retribution for his actions.


Premise: What register did Chris Keates think that some teachers should not be placed on?

Hypothesis: Fears of being labelled a pedophile or hebephile has led to several men who enjoy teaching avoiding the profession.


Premise: What antibody is transported from the mother to baby across the placenta?

Hypothesis: Breast milk or colostrum also contains antibodies that are transferred to the gut of the infant and protect against bacterial infections until the newborn can synthesize its own antibodies.


Premise: When did ABC begin broadcasting the Miss America Pageant?

Hypothesis: Under its current contract with the Miss America Organization, ABC will continue to broadcast the pageant through 2016.


Premise: What does the word Rheinrinne translate to?

Hypothesis: But then, at the so-called Rheinbrech, the Rhine water abruptly falls into the depths because of the greater density of cold water.


Premise: Between 1978 an d2008 four year full time undergraduate students were required to complete how many classes outside of their concentration?

Hypothesis: Between 1978 and 2008, entering students were required to complete a core curriculum of seven classes outside of their concentration.


Premise: How many awards has Doctor Who been nominated for, over the years?

Hypothesis: It has won the Short Form of the Hugo Award for Best Dramatic Presentation, the oldest science fiction/fantasy award for films and series, six times (every year since 2006, except for 2009, 2013 and 2014).


Premise: The presence or absence of what can be used to determine the relative age of the formations in which they are found?

Hypothesis: The principle becomes quite complex, however, given the uncertainties of fossilization, the localization of fossil types due to lateral changes in habitat (facies change in sedimentary strata), and that not all fossils may be found globally at the same time.


Premise: What is the Latin name for Black Death?

Hypothesis: In England, it was not until 1823 that the medieval epidemic was first called the Black Death.


Premise: What two fields of theoretical computer science closely mirror computational complexity theory?

Hypothesis: In turn, imposing restrictions on the available resources is what distinguishes computational complexity from computability theory: the latter theory asks what kind of problems can, in principle, be solved algorithmically.


Premise: What did the finding of gold in Victoria cause?

Hypothesis: Victoria produced in the decade 1851–1860 20 million ounces of gold, one third of the world's output[citation needed].


Premise: What kind of weapons did Tesla's treatise concern?

Hypothesis: During the same year, Tesla wrote a treatise, The Art of Projecting Concentrated Non-dispersive Energy through the Natural Media, concerning charged particle beam weapons.


Premise: What does the time element in construction mean?

Hypothesis: The time element in construction means that a delay costs money, and in cases of bottlenecks, the delay can be extremely expensive.


Premise: What would a Probationer need to do to earn more money, after 6 years?

Hypothesis: Promotion to Principal Teacher positions attracts a salary of between £34,566 and £44,616; Deputy Head, and Head teachers earn from £40,290 to £78,642.


Premise: What was the resolution of the cameras used in the EyeVision 360 system?

Hypothesis: (An earlier version of EyeVision was last used in Super Bowl XXXV; for Super Bowl 50, the cameras were upgraded to 5K resolution.)


Premise: Where can population estimates be extrapolated from?

Hypothesis: Estimates of plague victims are usually extrapolated from figures from the clergy.


Premise: How many yards did Newton throw for in 2015?

Hypothesis: Pro Bowl quarterback Cam Newton had one of his best seasons, throwing for 3,837 yards and rushing for 636, while recording a career-high and league-leading 45 total touchdowns (35 passing, 10 rushing), a career-low 10 interceptions, and a career-best quarterback rating of 99.4.


Premise: Who created ABC's Wide World of Sports?

Hypothesis: On April 29, 1961, ABC debuted Wide World of Sports, an anthology series created by Edgar Scherick through his company Sports Programs, Inc. and produced by a young Roone Arledge which featured a different sporting event each broadcast.


Premise: How many major immune responses do plants have?

Hypothesis: High levels of reactive oxygen species will cause the hypersensitive response.


Premise: What kind of media can references to Tesla be found in

Hypothesis: The impact of the technologies invented or envisioned by Tesla is a recurring theme in several types of science fiction.


Premise: For which Doctor did Keff McCulloch provide the theme?

Hypothesis: For the return of the series in 2005, Murray Gold provided a new arrangement which featured samples from the 1963 original with further elements added; in the 2005 Christmas episode "The Christmas Invasion", Gold introduced a modified closing credits arrangement that was used up until the conclusion of the 2007 series.[citation needed]


Premise: Which husband and wife modern furniture design team are represented in the V&A furniture collection?

Hypothesis: One of the finest pieces of continental furniture in the collection is the Rococo Augustus Rex Bureau Cabinet dated c1750 from Germany, with especially fine marquetry and ormolu mounts.


Premise: What party had a victory in the 2015 UK election?

Hypothesis: A procedural consequence of the establishment of the Scottish Parliament is that Scottish MPs sitting in the UK House of Commons are able to vote on domestic legislation that applies only to England, Wales and Northern Ireland – whilst English, Scottish, Welsh and Northern Irish Westminster MPs are unable to vote on the domestic legislation of the Scottish Parliament.


Premise: What increases entrepreneurship rates at the individual level?

Hypothesis: The economic impact of the former type of entrepreneurialism tends to be redistributive while the latter is expected to foster technological progress and thus have a more positive impact on economic growth.


Premise: What happens if a member doesn't vote the party line?

Hypothesis: The outcome of most votes can be predicted beforehand since political parties normally instruct members which way to vote.


Premise: How old was Chopin when he moved to Warsaw with his family?

Hypothesis: Though Chopin was born in the village of Żelazowa Wola, about 60 km (37 mi) from Warsaw, he moved to the city with his family when he was seven months old.


Premise: What suffered considerably for Warsaw when it had an Eastern Bloc economy?

Hypothesis: Like many cities in Central and Eastern Europe, infrastructure in Warsaw suffered considerably during its time as an Eastern Bloc economy – though it is worth mentioning that the initial Three-Year Plan to rebuild Poland (especially Warsaw) was a major success, but what followed was very much the opposite.


Premise: What danger did the IPCC understate?

Hypothesis: Another example of scientific research which suggests that previous estimates by the IPCC, far from overstating dangers and risks, have actually understated them is a study on projected rises in sea levels.


Premise: What is the law of thermodynamics associated with closed system heat exchange?

Hypothesis: In macroscopic closed systems, nonconservative forces act to change the internal energies of the system, and are often associated with the transfer of heat.


Premise: What university donated the land for the Manned Spacecraft Center?

Hypothesis: It became clear that managing the Apollo program would exceed the capabilities of Robert R. Gilruth's Space Task Group, which had been directing the nation's manned space program from NASA's Langley Research Center.


Premise: What portion of Luther's last statement was in German?

Hypothesis: A piece of paper was later found on which Luther had written his last statement.


Premise: What are the exchanged particles predicted by the standard Model?

Hypothesis: The Standard Model predicts that exchanged particles called gauge bosons are the fundamental means by which forces are emitted and absorbed.


Premise: Where does the Delta in the Netherlands begin?

Hypothesis: Meuse–Scheldt delta, as the Scheldt ends in the same delta.


Premise: Why was CBS unable to broadcast the coronation of Queen Elizabeth II?

Hypothesis: The first attempts to internationalize the ABC television network date back to the 1950s, after Leonard Goldenson, following the United Paramount Theatres model, tried to use on ABC the same strategies he had made in expanding UPT's theater operation to the international market.


Premise: When will Ford's manufacturing plants close?

Hypothesis: Historically, Victoria has been the base for the manufacturing plants of the major car brands Ford, Toyota and Holden; however, closure announcements by all three companies in the 21st century will mean that Australia will no longer be a base for the global car industry, with Toyota's statement in February 2014 outlining a closure year of 2017.


Premise: Why do these defections occur?

Hypothesis: The Kenyan Ministry of Sports has tried to stop the defections, but they have continued anyway, with Bernard Lagat the latest, choosing to represent the United States.


Premise: How well did the Mongol Emperors know Chinese?

Hypothesis: The Mongol custom of long standing quda/marriage alliance with Mongol clans, the Onggirat, and the Ikeres, kept the imperial blood purely Mongol until the reign of Tugh Temur, whose mother was a Tangut concubine.


Premise: Jenggis is the adjectival form of what word?

Hypothesis: It is likely that the 13th century Mongolian pronunciation would have closely matched "Chinggis".


Premise: What was the name of the set top box manufacturer that BSkyB was having issues with?

Hypothesis: Prior to its launch, BSkyB claimed that 40,000 people had registered to receive the HD service.


Premise: Which channel did the 5 applications request for broadcast?

Hypothesis: These applications all requested for the stations to broadcast on VHF channel 7, as Frank Marx, then ABC's vice-president of engineering, thought that the low-band VHF frequencies (corresponding to channels 2 through 6) would be requisitioned from broadcasting use and reallocated for the U.S. Army.


Premise: In addition to teaching within the family, where else is informal teaching done?

Hypothesis: Formal teaching may be carried out by paid professionals.


Premise: How many 2015 season interceptions did the Panthers' defense get?

Hypothesis: Carolina's secondary featured Pro Bowl safety Kurt Coleman, who led the team with a career high seven interceptions, while also racking up 88 tackles and Pro Bowl cornerback Josh Norman, who developed into a shutdown corner during the season and had four interceptions, two of which were returned for touchdowns.


Premise: Where was Shirley planning an expedition?

Hypothesis: In addition to renewing the efforts to capture Niagara, Crown Point and Duquesne, he proposed attacks on Fort Frontenac on the north shore of Lake Ontario and an expedition through the wilderness of the Maine district and down the Chaudière River to attack the city of Quebec.


Premise: In which year did the newspaper change its previous definition?

Hypothesis: In 1999, the Times added a newer county—Imperial—to that list.


Premise: How did war start?

Hypothesis: It began with a dispute over control of the confluence of the Allegheny and Monongahela rivers, called the Forks of the Ohio, and the site of the French Fort Duquesne and present-day Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.


Premise: What does the Rhine merge with outside of Germany?

Hypothesis: Two thirds of the water flow volume of the Rhine flows farther west, through the Waal and then, via the Merwede and Nieuwe Merwede (De Biesbosch), merging with the Meuse, through the Hollands Diep and Haringvliet estuaries, into the North Sea.


Premise: What is another name for exoteric?

Hypothesis: In the more spiritual or mystical Islamic tradition of Sufism, the position of spiritual teacher and an esoteric (as opposed to exoteric, or actions-oriented, e.g. the Five Pillars of Islam) spirituality and spiritual knowledge takes on a more important dimension, with emphasis on learning from living saints - the highest of which is a Qutb - and of traditions passed down from initiate to initiate, and traceable back to the founder of the order.


Premise: What is an example of a mechanical barrier on leaves?

Hypothesis: However, as organisms cannot be completely sealed from their environments, other systems act to protect body openings such as the lungs, intestines, and the genitourinary tract.


Premise: What is the English translation of Kunskapsskolan?

Hypothesis: Sweden is internationally known for this innovative school voucher model that provides Swedish pupils with the opportunity to choose the school they prefer.


Premise: How many homes had BSkyB's direct-to-home satellite service available to them in 2010?

Hypothesis: The target was first announced in August 2004, since then an additional 2.4m customers had subscribed to BSkyB's direct-to-home service.


Premise: When did Luther introduce the new worship?

Hypothesis: Merciful God, what misery I have seen," Luther wrote, "the common people knowing nothing at all of Christian doctrine ... and unfortunately many pastors are well-nigh unskilled and incapable of teaching."


Premise: The outside of the CM was covered in what kind of material?

Hypothesis: Its exterior was covered with an ablative heat shield, and had its own reaction control system (RCS) engines to control its attitude and steer its atmospheric entry path.


Premise: Who attends Loreto Normanhurst?

Hypothesis: They are usually expensive schools that tend to be up-market and traditional in style, some Catholic schools fall into this category as well, e.g. St Joseph's College, Gregory Terrace, Saint Ignatius' College, Riverview, St Gregory's College, Campbelltown, St Aloysius' College (Sydney) and St Joseph's College, Hunters Hill, as well as Loreto Kirribilli, Monte Sant Angelo Mercy College, St Ursula's College and Loreto Normanhurst for girls.


Premise: Are there any other aviation communities such as Sierra Sky Park in the United States?

Hypothesis: Sierra Sky Park was the first aviation community to be built[citation needed] and there are now numerous such communities across the United States and around the world.


Premise: The term Annual Conference is often used to refer to what?

Hypothesis: In many ways, the United Methodist Church operates in a connectional organization of the Annual Conferences, and actions taken by one conference are not binding upon another.


Premise: Who designed the "50"?

Hypothesis: Like the Lombardi Trophy, the "50" will be designed by Tiffany & Co.


Premise: Which Irish cities had large Huguenot enclaves?

Hypothesis: Huguenot regiments fought for William of Orange in the Williamite war in Ireland, for which they were rewarded with land grants and titles, many settling in Dublin.


Premise: Who was a prominent Huguenot in Holland?

Hypothesis: Some Huguenot descendants in the Netherlands may be noted by French family names, although they typically use Dutch given names.


Premise: Activation of a helper T cell causes it to release what chemicals that influence cell activity?

Hypothesis: The activation of a resting helper T cell causes it to release cytokines that influence the activity of many cell types.


Premise: What work from around 300 BC has significant theorems about prime numbers?

Hypothesis: Euclid's Elements (circa 300 BC) contain important theorems about primes, including the infinitude of primes and the fundamental theorem of arithmetic.


Premise: What basin was formed when the Andes Mountains rose?

Hypothesis: During the mid-Eocene, it is believed that the drainage basin of the Amazon was split along the middle of the continent by the Purus Arch.


Premise: How many acres does the V&A cover?

Hypothesis: Overall, it is one of the largest museums in the world.


Premise: What is the most snow Fresno has ever had?

Hypothesis: Measurable precipitation falls on an average of 48 days annually.


Premise: When was a third visit to Mnafeld scheduled?

Hypothesis: Luther journeyed to Mansfeld twice in late 1545 to participate in the negotiations for a settlement, and a third visit was needed in early 1546 for their completion.


Premise: When Sunday Night Football premiered, to which network did Monday Night Football move?

Hypothesis: In 1970, ABC debuted Monday Night Football as part of its Monday prime time schedule; the program became a hit for the network and served as the National Football League (NFL)'s premier game of the week until 2006, when Sunday Night Football, which moved to NBC that year as part of a broadcast deal that in turn saw MNF move to ESPN, took over as the league's marquee game.


Premise: Tibetan art from which period is represented in the V&A collection?

Hypothesis: Tibetan art from the 14th to the 19th century is represented by notable 14th- and 15th-century religious images in wood and bronze, scroll paintings and ritual objects.


Premise: What is the process of adding structure to real property or construction of buildings?

Hypothesis: The majority of building construction jobs are small renovations, such as addition of a room, or renovation of a bathroom.


Premise: How did war start?

Hypothesis: The dispute erupted into violence in the Battle of Jumonville Glen in May 1754, during which Virginia militiamen under the command of 22-year-old George Washington ambushed a French patrol.


Premise: Under what condition is an element irreducible?

Hypothesis: Prime numbers give rise to two more general concepts that apply to elements of any commutative ring R, an algebraic structure where addition, subtraction and multiplication are defined: prime elements and irreducible elements.


Premise: Who gave Tesla money to go to Prague?

Hypothesis: Unfortunately, he arrived too late to enroll at Charles-Ferdinand University; he never studied Greek, a required subject; and he was illiterate in Czech, another required subject.


Premise: Who was the final Prime Minister of East Germany?

Hypothesis: The last Prime Minister of the (East) German Democratic Republic, Lothar de Maizière, is also a descendant of a Huguenot family, as is the German Federal Minister of the Interior, Thomas de Maizière.


Premise: What were casualties of battle?

Hypothesis: One of Tanaghrisson's men told Contrecoeur that Jumonville had been killed by British musket fire.


Premise: When was the Masovian Duchy reincorporated into the Polish Crown?

Hypothesis: In the beginning of the 14th century it became one of the seats of the Dukes of Masovia, becoming the official capital of Masovian Duchy in 1413.


Premise: What years did the original Doctor Who series run?

Hypothesis: This is similar to the 1988 continuation of Mission Impossible, but differs from most other series relaunches which have either been reboots (for example, Battlestar Galactica and Bionic Woman[citation needed]) or set in the same universe as the original but in a different time period and with different characters (for example, Star Trek:


Premise: When was Temüjin's half-brother Begter killed?

Hypothesis: (not Begter's mother) would have to accept him as her husband if and when he became an adult.


Premise: Which of Genghis Khan's descendants pushed the Mamluks out of Palestine?

Hypothesis: His descendant Hulagu Khan destroyed much of Iran's northern part and sacked Baghdad although his forces were halted by the Mamluks of Egypt, but Hulagu's descendant Ghazan Khan would return to beat the Egyptian Mamluks right out of Levant, Palestine and even Gaza.


Premise: What did a 1996 study by Perotti examine?

Hypothesis: A 1996 study by Perotti examined the channels through which inequality may affect economic growth.


Premise: When was the FCC's sixth report and order released?

Hypothesis: To comply with FCC ownership restrictions in effect at the time that barred common ownership of two television stations in the same market, UPT sold its Chicago television station, WBKB-TV, to CBS (which subsequently changed the station's call letters to WBBM-TV) for $6 million, while it kept ABC's existing Chicago station, WENR-TV.


Premise: What is this doctrine of God appointing authorities called?

Hypothesis: This reference from the Bible forms the foundation for the doctrine known as the Divine Right of Kings, or, in the German case, the divine right of the princes.


Premise: Other theories of the word's origin can be generally classed as what?

Hypothesis: Janet Gray and other supporters of the hypothesis suggest that the name huguenote would be roughly equivalent to little Hugos, or those who want Hugo.


Premise: What Denver player caught the ball 76 times in the 2015 season?

Hypothesis: Tight end Owen Daniels was also a big element of the passing game with 46 receptions for 517 yards.


Premise: What tactic did researchers employ to offset the former deficit of work surrounding the complexity of algorithmic problems?

Hypothesis: Most influential among these was the definition of Turing machines by Alan Turing in 1936, which turned out to be a very robust and flexible simplification of a computer.


Premise: Construction takes place on location for who?

Hypothesis: Construction differs from manufacturing in that manufacturing typically involves mass production of similar items without a designated purchaser, while construction typically takes place on location for a known client.


Premise: Who did Carolina beat in the divisional round?

Hypothesis: The Panthers beat the Seattle Seahawks in the divisional round, running up a 31–0 halftime lead and then holding off a furious second half comeback attempt to win 31–24, avenging their elimination from a year earlier.


Premise: What kingdom annexed Warsaw in 1796?

Hypothesis: Warsaw remained the capital of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth until 1796, when it was annexed by the Kingdom of Prussia to become the capital of the province of South Prussia.


Premise: How does inequality prevent growth?

Hypothesis: Economist Branko Milanovic, wrote in 2001 that, "The view that income inequality harms growth – or that improved equality can help sustain growth – has become more widely held in recent years. ...


Premise: What does the word Rheinrinne translate to?

Hypothesis: Most of the water flows via the Constance hopper into the Rheinrinne ("Rhine Gutter") and Seerhein.


Premise: Who are committees comprised of?

Hypothesis: Mandatory Committees are committees which are set down under the Scottish Parliament's standing orders, which govern their remits and proceedings.


Premise: Apollo 17 was significant for what reason?

Hypothesis: Dr. Harrison Schmitt, a geologist, was the first NASA scientist astronaut to fly in space, and landed on the Moon on the last mission, Apollo 17.


Premise: How did the 2001 IPCC report compare to reality on sea levels?

Hypothesis: On 1 February 2007, the eve of the publication of IPCC's major report on climate, a study was published suggesting that temperatures and sea levels have been rising at or above the maximum rates proposed during the last IPCC report in 2001.


Premise: How many languages did Tesla know?

Hypothesis: He was a polyglot, speaking eight languages:


Premise: What percentile of gross domestic product is construction comprised of?


Premise: In 1942, what was North Fresno previously called?

Hypothesis: During 1942, Pinedale, in what is now North Fresno, was the site of the Pinedale Assembly Center, an interim facility for the relocation of Fresno area Japanese Americans to internment camps.


Premise: What did the meeting often become in argument?

Hypothesis: Zwingli, for example, denied Jesus' ability to be in more than one place at a time but Luther stressed the omnipresence of his human nature.


Premise: What were the native inhabitants of Australia called?

Hypothesis: The principles of imperialism are often generalizable to the policies and practices of the British Empire "during the last generation, and proceeds rather by diagnosis than by historical description".


Premise: What event was blamed on the introduction of mnemiopsis into The Black Sea?

Hypothesis: One ctenophore, Mnemiopsis, has accidentally been introduced into the Black Sea, where it is blamed for causing fish stocks to collapse by eating both fish larvae and organisms that would otherwise have fed the fish.


Premise: What was the first problem astronauts encountered during the plugs-out test?

Hypothesis: First the crew noticed a strange odor in their spacesuits, which delayed the sealing of the hatch.


Premise: When were the public housing developments built in the neighborhood?

Hypothesis: There have been numerous attempts to revitalize the neighborhood, including the construction of a modern shopping center on the corner of Fresno and B streets, an aborted attempt to build luxury homes and a golf course on the western edge of the neighborhood, and some new section 8 apartments have been built along Church Ave west of Elm St. Cargill Meat Solutions and Foster Farms both have large processing facilities in the neighborhood, and the stench from these (and other small industrial facilities) has long plagued area residents.


Premise: When were the French wars of religion?

Hypothesis: The French Wars of Religion in the 16th century and French Revolution in the 18th successively destroyed much of what existed in the way of the architectural and artistic remnant of this Norman creativity.


Premise: Which kicker had a portion of the turf collapse, causing him to miss a field goal?

Hypothesis: Concerns were raised over whether Levi's Stadium's field was of a high enough quality to host a Super Bowl; during the inaugural season, the field had to be re-sodded multiple times due to various issues, and during a week 6 game earlier in the 2015 season, a portion of the turf collapsed under Baltimore Ravens kicker Justin Tucker, causing him to slip and miss a field goal, although the field has not had any major issues since.


Premise: When did sideline jackets and hats start to feature gold-trimmed logos?

Hypothesis: Gold footballs were given to each high school that has had a player or coach appear in the Super Bowl, and "homecoming" events were also held by Super Bowl-winning teams at games.


Premise: To what type of organisms is oxygen toxic?

Hypothesis: Oxygen is toxic to obligately anaerobic organisms, which were the dominant form of early life on Earth until O_2 began to accumulate in the atmosphere about 2.5 billion years ago during the Great Oxygenation Event, about a billion years after the first appearance of these organisms.


Premise: What are presented to parliament in addition to the bill itself?

Hypothesis: Stage 1 is the first, or introductory stage of the bill, where the minister or member in charge of the bill will formally introduce it to Parliament together with its accompanying documents –


Premise: In 2012-13, ABC debuted a comedy Last Man Standing starring who?

Hypothesis: Among the few bright spots during this season were the midseason crime dramedy Castle as well as the success of two family sitcoms that anchored the network's revamped Wednesday comedy lineup, The Middle and Modern Family, the latter of which was both a critical and commercial success.


Premise: How many sororities are apart of the university?

Hypothesis: There are fifteen fraternities and seven sororities at the University of Chicago, as well as one co-ed community service fraternity, Alpha Phi Omega.


Premise: What do the auricles do?

Hypothesis: Between the lobes on either side of the mouth, many species of lobates have four auricles, gelatinous projections edged with cilia that produce water currents that help direct microscopic prey toward the mouth.


Premise: On which date was Genghis Khan's palace rediscovered by archeaologists?

Hypothesis: Folklore says that a river was diverted over his grave to make it impossible to find (the same manner of burial as the Sumerian King Gilgamesh of Uruk and Atilla the Hun).


Premise: What impact did this loss have on Abercrombie?

Hypothesis: Abercrombie was recalled and replaced by Jeffery Amherst, victor at Louisbourg.


Premise: What does the outside of the Tardis resemble?

Hypothesis: The programme depicts the adventures of the Doctor, a Time Lord—a space and time-travelling humanoid alien.