Business services, manufacturing and construction all benefitted directly from this resource-related activity. Graph 4  Now, as we are starting to see the decline in mining investment, there has been a reversal of some of these earlier trends. Most notably, business services employment has declined significantly, with firms more exposed to the mining sector particularly affected (Graph 5).
Venture capitalists and other investors specializing in financing innovative enterprises are undersized in Europe by comparison with the US. Long-term financing, and equity financing in particular, is hampered by both demand and supply factors.