However, it would be a grave mistake to assume that the world no longer needs a lender of last resort. In addition to promoting vigilance and crisis prevention, we should continue to strengthen our international institutions to enable them to provide liquidity quickly, appropriately, and in a way that encourages reform and good policymaking. BIS Review 109/2007  7
Debit cards can potentially be a win-win option by enhancing convenience for the customer and improving business for the merchant. Disappointingly, the penetration of debit cards has been shallow. One disincentive is the business cost to merchants. So far, the Merchant Discount Rate (MDR) for debit and credit cards has been uniform in India.