To prevent a shortage of cash in the disaster areas, the Bank’s branches in the Tohoku region provided a total of 55 billion yen during the weekend immediately after the earthquake.
International Monetary Fund (2018): “United States of America: Staff Concluding Statement of the 2018 Article IV Mission”, 14 June. 4  3  As a result of the above, and of other concurrent forces, long-term interest rates in the US have recently displayed a marked, and generalized, upturn.