In the European Union this goal is pursued mainly through the activity of the Economic and Financial Committee in its Financial Stability Table set-up, comprising representatives from ministries of finance, central banks and the supervisory committees in banking, securities and insurance, as well as the ESCB/Eurosystem.
Based on disposable income the holding gains accounted for an estimated 3% on average in the years 1991-98, compared with slightly below one-fifth in the United States.