Some central banks have begun research and deliberation on the issuance of a central bank digital currency. 8 In relation to the data revolution, economic statistics play a significant role. Accurate real-time data are desired since it is required that policy decisions, especially by central banks, be made swiftly based on data available at the time (Nishimura [2012]).
Sound fiscal policies are also key to the effective functioning and credibility of the macroeconomic framework of Economic and Monetary Union. In particular, they can support monetary policy in maintaining price stability with low interest rates.