The normal functioning of societies can be threatened not only through damage and disruption to critical infrastructure, but also by influencing people's minds and eroding trust. Since the financial system is based on trust, these threats must be taken very seriously. With cyber threats becoming increasingly complex, we must continuously adapt and strengthen our cyber resilience.
Preparedness must be part of the costbenefit analysis and the overall planning of systems – that is, resilience by design. In severe disruptions, years of efficiency gains may be wiped out if recovery is delayed. Regulation plays an important role in safeguarding against risks in the cyber universe.