Hungary, for example, is one of the few countries where loan-to-value limits are implemented by the central bank for financial stability purposes with coverage by activity, which implies that any institution extending credit for house purchases needs to comply with the imposed LTV limit. 12 Heterogeneity also extends to the competent authorities for implementing the measures.
In some countries it is the central government, in others it is the central bank, and in still others authority is in the hands of a committee that involves different national bodies (crossinstitutional committee).