Thank you very much for your attention. Chart 1: Average contribution to real per capita GDP growth Growth rates, in %  Source: ECB computation on World Bank, WDI database. 6  BIS Review 139/2010  Chart 2: Trends in youth population Percentage of population aged 14 years and below  Source: World Bank.
Chart 3: Trends in working age population Percentage of population aged between 15 and 64  Source: World Bank. BIS Review 139/2010  7  Chart 4: Developments in R&D expenditure Public expenditure on R&D as % of GDP  Source: World Bank. Note: For Italy and Brazil the latest available data point is 2006.