It refined the expression so that (1) not only that the most recently published core CPI should register zero percent or above, but also that such tendency should be confirmed over a few months, and (2) the prospective core CPI will not be expected to register below zero percent.
For China, investment spending was very strong, but it was outpaced by even greater increases in saving, reflecting, among other factors, the weak social safety net and an underdeveloped financial sector. In these countries, economic growth heavily depended on external demand, in part reflecting policies to keep exchange rates artificially low through intervention in currency markets.