Except for these cases, many central banks see themselves as unlikely to issue CBDCs in the short or medium term. Many central banks therefore take the position that they have no plan to issue CBDCs in the near future but will continue research into CBDCs, which is the position the Bank of Japan  1  also takes.
But why do central banks take this seemingly contradictory position? The main aim of this speech is to explain the background to this. First allow me to outline Japan's current status regarding retail payments -- that is, developments in person-to-person (P2P) money transfers and person-to-merchant (P2M) payments -- and then talk about the possible forms of CBDC and its expected roles.