Meadows used computer technology to apply the theory of complex systems to the economic analysis of the reciprocal effects of growth and the environment; this is now the standard method to analyse the economic effects of climate change (Integrated Assessment Modelling).
The Eurosystem will continue to reinvest the principal payments from maturing securities purchased under the asset purchase programme for an extended period of time after the end of its net asset purchases, and in any case for as long as necessary. This will contribute both to favourable liquidity conditions and to an appropriate monetary policy stance.