On the contrary, it can actually enhance security, as has been demonstrated by the introduction of the technical standard EMV 4 for cards. In the design of security features, authorities and payment service providers are well-advised to bear in mind the users’ need for convenience and the proportionality of the security requirements.
If the security features related to a payment service are perceived as being too cumbersome, users will seek ways to circumvent them – or reject the service. Conclusion To conclude, allow me to summarise the three main messages that I would like you to take home from my speech today.