On balance the Bank has increased its gross gold and foreign exchange reserves from $ billion at the end of 2003 to just below $ billion at present. Conclusion Despite some progress made in recent years, high levels of unemployment necessitate more ambitious steps to strengthen South Africa's growth potential.
3 First, they lift the path of potential output, either by raising the inputs to production – the supply and quality of labor and the amount of capital per worker – and by ensuring that those inputs are used more efficiently, that is to say by raising total factor productivity.