I wish to thank the Prime Minister, Dr the Honourable Navinchandra Ramgoolam, GCSK, FRCP, for having  BIS central bankers’ speeches  7  given me this opportunity to serve the nation in this capacity.
My remarks today will focus on critical issues that the Bank of Canada has studied over the past four years and how this research will inform our work as we move forward post crisis. Central banks were forced to use extraordinary policy measures to combat the macroeconomic consequences of the 2008–09 financial crisis.