Situation of and challenges facing the German banking sector five years after the onset of the crisis  A)  The German banking system: the position today  Where does the German banking system, which in future is to be supervised by the ECB, stand at present?
yen  Ratio of current profits to sales (all industries and enterprises, left scale) Private nonresidential investment (SNA, real, right scale)  95  15  90  10  85  5  80  0  75  -5  70  -10  65  -15  y/y % chg.  ▼R&D investment FY 2017 ＋ 2.7 y/y % chg.  2018 ＋ 3.5  Business fixed investment (including land purchasing expenses)  5 4 3 2 1  0 60 CY 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18  -20 FY 83 85 87 89 91 93 95 97 99 01 03 05 07 09 11 13 15 1718  Notes: 1.