13 With regard to various aspects of population, see Morland, P., The Human Tide: How Population Shaped the Modern World (London: Hodder & Stoughton, 2019). 14 For this argument, see Harding, R., "The Costs of a Declining Population," Financial Times, January 14, 2020; Jones, C. I., "The End of Economic Growth? : Unintended Consequences of a Declining Population," NBER Working Paper, no. 26651, 2020.
Fiscal policies should support economic growth, while ensuring debt sustainability. At the same time, structural reforms should be implemented promptly and with determination, as firms and households must be not only able but also willing to invest.