The CRR is directly applicable to all Member States while CRD IV has been transposed into Irish national law via Statutory Instruments 158/2014 & 159/2014 [European Union (Capital Requirements) (No.2) Regulations 2014]. Further information. The Bank Recovery and Resolution Directive (BRRD) provides national resolution authorities with comprehensive and effective powers for dealing with failing banks.
[18]  Chart 4  Market portfolio vs. ECB holdings vs. CSPP eligibility vs. bond market  Source: Papoutsi, Piazzesi, Schneider (2021). Data sources: ECB (SHS & CSDB), Eurostat, Orbis. Notes: Market shares measured as capital income by sector. “Dirty Manufacturing” = oil & coke, chemicals, basic metals, nonmetallic minerals.