Operational risk, including that for computer system failures, also needs to be considered, and therefore, upgrading business continuity arrangements is an important managerial issue in disaster preparation. Given this, financial institutions take it for granted that such arrangements should be in place, but there is also a need to advance them further.
From my perspective, with a view to serving as social infrastructure even in times of disaster, three things are expected of financial institutions going forward (Chart 14). Each contributes to the enhancement of resilience against disasters -- that is, the capability to minimize the damage, achieve prompt recovery, and continue business operations. 16  http://www5.boj.or.jp/hakken/hatsu1809.pdf.