One way is to expose part of the public services to private competition, when provision of public services does not require that they are all produced by public sector. However, the main question is, whether the economic growth will be strong enough to bear the heavy cost burden that the ageing causes.
The growth of a dynamic private sector in the economy is thus stifled. The PTCL would under that scenario preserve its monopoly, pass on its inefficiencies to the customers, charge exorbitant prices and resort to seeking concessions of various kinds from the government. The result would be stagnation in the growth of fixed telephony in the country and poor service to the customer.