For instance, the Maastricht Treaty signed in 1992 stipulated central bank independence as one of the conditions for joining the euro, while in Japan the Bank of Japan’s independence in the conduct of monetary policy was stated in law through the revision of the Bank of Japan Act in 1998.
There is no homogeneity in the ability of businesses to offer digital services, nor in the degree to which consumers accept digital services. In addition, consumers are not homogeneous in what they look for in services. We can expect to see more and more new combinations of consumers that actively use digital services and businesses that cater to their diverse needs.