Criminals have however risen to the occasion by changing money laundering methods and techniques to overcome these barriers. The shift in “the modus operandi” involves targeting small countries that have less robust defenses. The recent financial crisis has prompted the establishment of a new international financial architecture that emphasizes close collaboration between countries, large and small.
Moreover, the average interest rate on new loans has declined to historic lows of about 0.9 percent. In addition, people’s perception of inflation has clearly changed. Various indicators of medium- to long-term inflation expectations show clear increases since the introduction of QQE.