The November 2001 declaration of the Fourth Ministerial Conference in Doha, Qatar, provides the mandate for negotiations on a range of subjects. The progress so far has been reviewed at the recently concluded fifth Ministerial Conference in Cancun, Mexico. The conference reflected the diversity of views and positions, particularly in relation to agricultural subsidies and the Singapore issues.
For example: –  If refinancing is spread over the whole year and refinancing auctions are conducted well in advance, this will reduce the impact of short-term shocks in the financial markets considerably. –  Use of longer-term financing will reduce the total volume of loans to be refinanced within a given period. That will increase robustness.