The factors driving evolution are sometimes very similar over the decades, while some factors fade in importance and new drivers emerge.
According to this study, the G3 (US, Euro Area and Japan) will, if they implement the reform package in full, lose growth of up to 0.6 percentage points over the five-year period 2011–15 and 0.3 percentage points over the ten-year period 2011–20. The differences between the two sets of studies stem obviously from differing assumptions.