By definition, they happen too quickly to respond to anyway, and their short duration lessens the risk that they will destabilise the economy. An example is a sharp rise in fresh vegetable prices due to bad weather, that everyone reasonably expects to be reversed when the weather improves. We look through such shocks, consistent with the PTA’s focus on the medium term.
When a shock is persistent, or forecast to evolve over a long period of time (say years), it is much more difficult to judge the appropriate response. A very good current example is oil prices. Over the past four years or so, international oil prices in US dollar terms have quadrupled.