Estimates by the African Development Bank (ADB) show that consumer spending by the middle class reached $ billion and accounted for 25 per cent of Africa’s GDP in 2008. This figure is projected to reach $ trillion by 2030. On the supply side, the rise of the services sector has been one of the defining characteristics of the structural change in African economies.
[4]  In ICE Benchmark Administration's statement on 5 March, it stated that it will not be possible to publish the LIBOR settings on a representative basis beyond the nominated cessation dates.