3  4  Chart 8  Economic Growth of Major Economies Nominal GDP Growth  Real GDP Growth  CY 1991=100  350  200  CY 1991=100  United States United Kingdom  300  180  France Germany  250  160  Japan  200  140  150  120  100  100  50 CY 1991  1996  2001  2006  2011  2016  80 CY1991  1996  2001  2006  2011  2016  Source: IMF.
Chart 9  Price Stability Target Number of Countries Adopting Inflation Targeting 45  Price Stability in Advanced Economies  countries  40 35  Country/ Region  Definition  United States (FRB)  Longer-run goal  Euro area (ECB)  Quantitative definition  United Kingdom (BOE)  Target  Japan (BOJ)  Price stability target  (y/y chg.)  30 25 20 15 10 5 0 CY 1990  2000  Indicator Numerical expression  2010  Note: PCE is personal consumption expenditures; HICP and CPI are consumer price indexes.