BIS central bankers’ speeches  1  (Figure 4).2 International financial integration – with foreign direct and portfolio investment and the involvement of foreign banks in domestic financial systems – was boosted by the overcoming of a series of obstacles: macroeconomic instability, vulnerable external positions and inefficient institutional and regulatory setups.
Benjamin E Diokno: Opening remarks – “Money talks -what every Filipino should know about the history of Philippine money” Opening remarks by Mr Benjamin E Diokno, Governor of Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas (BSP, the central bank of the Philippines), at the Virtual Numismatic Event, 11 November 2021.