Communication and challenges faced by the Bank  As you may know, Japan’s economy is performing relatively well and the core CPI turned positive in June 2013 and reached 1.3 percent in December 2013.
Together with expansionary fiscal measures and a front-loaded increase in consumption, QQE has  6  Other assets include exchange-traded funds (ETFs), Japan real estate investment trusts (J-REITs), CP, and corporate bonds. The Bank has also charged 0.1 percent on excess reserves since October 2008. Thus, this interest rate functions largely as a floor for the interbank market interest rates.