Against this background, there has been a growing interest in the digitization of currencies issued by central banks, or central bank money. 1  Morten L. Bech et al., "Payments Are A-Changin' But Cash Still Rules," BIS Quarterly Review, March 2018. 4  1. Issuance Forms of Central Bank Digital Currency There are two main variants of CBDC.
In this respect, I wish to state the obvious, and that is, while the reasons for increasing utility tariffs are understandable, large adjustments increase inflation which, in turn, erodes living standards and well-being of households. It is for this reason that service providers are encouraged to make every effort to contain costs by enhancing efficiency, in order to minimise the adverse impact on consumers.