Strengthen the resilience of financial infrastructures  Margin and haircut requirements on CCP clearing Increased disclosure Structural systemic risk buffer  4  BIS central bankers’ speeches  While the list in the Table is quite detailed, broadly speaking there are three basic types of instrument: i.  credit instruments, which seek to limit dangerous build-ups or concentrations in bank lending.
Credit instruments include both indirect measures such as caps on loan-tovalue ratios and debt-to-income ratios, and direct measures such as ceilings on credit or credit growth. ii. liquidity instruments, to ensure that banks have sufficient liquidity to withstand shocks. These instruments include limits on maturity mismatch and reserve requirements. iii.