“Macroprudential Policy in the U.S. Economy,” speech delivered at “Macroprudential Monetary Policy,” 59th Economic Conference of the Federal Reserve Bank of Boston, Boston, October 2, https://www.federalreserve.gov/newsevents/speech/fischer20151002a.htm. Goodhart, Charles A.E. (1999). “Monetary Policy and Debt Management in the United Kingdom: Some Historical Viewpoints,” in K. Alec Chrystal, ed., Government Debt Structure and Monetary Conditions. London: Bank of England, pp. 43-97. Hammond, Philip (2017).
Such standards remain relatively tight even though more than one-half of banks expect an improvement in the quality of commercial real estate loans. And, importantly for small business owners, the commercial bank Call Reports indicated that as of the end of last year, the loans secured by owner-occupied property had continued to outperform other commercial real estate loans.