4 The Central Bank of Ireland has been processing applications for authorisations of new entities or the  expansion of activities by existing entities. It is imperative that firms that have not yet activated Brexit plans do so as soon as possible, given the limited time window before the end of March and the importance of having valid authorisations for all scenarios.
5 Kok, Christoffer, Csaba Móré, and Cosimo Pancaro (2015), “Bank profitability challenges in euro area banks:  the role of cyclical and structural factors,” Financial Stability Review 1, European Central Bank. 6 See for example, Berger, Allen N., and David B. Humphrey (1997), “ Efficiency of financial institutions:  International survey and directions for future research.” European journal of operational research 98.2 (1997): 175–212.