Good afternoon, It is a pleasure to be here speaking at the Dublin Economics Workshop today, and I especially welcome the topic of this panel Small open economies – Vulnerabilities in a Changing World.1 The concept of openness has perhaps never been so pertinent. Until recently, the world was broadly becoming more open, tariffs and capital controls were being eased or removed entirely.
I know I helped influence his decision to go back to school three years later for his PhD, and his choice of the University of Western Ontario, now known somewhat ironically as Western University. While he was there, I was able to visit him from time to time, and it was a pleasure watching him grow.