I conclude by outlining the challenges ahead and I provide some thoughts on the way forward. A. The setting – a broader context  Beginning with the initial efforts to forge closer European integration in the early-1950s, the European Union has faced a series of challenges that have, at times, tested both the coherence and the stability of the union.
Labor’s share of total income generated in the nonfarm business sector has been on a downtrend since the 1980s and has fallen sharply since the turn of the millennium. It stood at 56 percent at the end of 2013, the lowest level since the BLS began collecting data on the measure in 1948.