In responding to this economic setting, monetary policies are being stretched well beyond the normal parameters and stresses envisaged when policy frameworks were designed and inflation goals were first specified.
Banks and other firms process millions of transactions daily. But this is a major challenge for decentralized systems like DLT. Energy efficiency is still a problem too: there are estimates that the bitcoin mining network uses a a similar amount of energy as the whole of Ireland. Public blockchains that make use of other consensus models could more efficient.