The banks often counter this concern raised by the central bank by arguing that such charges should be best left to the market.
Ten years later, everything is different: the foreign exchange and financial markets are much more stable and the currencies sometimes face upward rather than downward pressure; foreign direct investment and other capital inflow continues to grow with the accumulation of foreign reserves; the banking system has been strengthened through restructuring; and the economies have grown at a steady and sustainable pace of 5% on average since 2000.