Third, as in previous flash events, algorithmic trading strategies may have amplified the move, for example, by adding to demand to buy the yen as it appreciated. It is also difficult to be definitive about what restored orderly market functioning.
We ended up with a weak economy, high inflation, and large government budget deficits. The lesson that Canadians learned from this period is that macroeconomic and microeconomic policies must be clearly focused on facilitating adjustment to economic change.