Administrative Data from 1974 to 2004 (PDF),” unpublished paper, April; and Daniel Cooper (2014), “The Effect of Unemployment Duration on Future Earnings and Other Outcomes (PDF),” Working Paper No. 13–8 (Boston: Federal Reserve Bank of Boston, January). BIS central bankers’ speeches  3  workers address this challenge, but you also know that the economy continues to change very rapidly.
To the extent that people who desire to work lack the skills that employers are demanding, there is less slack in the labor market. This is an example of what economists call “structural” unemployment, and it can be difficult to solve. Even understanding what workers need to appeal to employers is difficult in a fast-changing economy.