The increase of the monetary base and the total balance sheet is a consequence of these new types of monetary stimulus. By purchasing this type of long-maturity assets, we intervene directly on medium-term rates, we extract duration from the market, we provide liquidity directly to non-bank entities, and we open space in banks’ balance sheets for increasing credit.
There is this book, Portfolios of the Poor: How the World's Poor Live on $ a Day (Collins and others, 2009), a book written with great empathy that provides a sobering account on how the poor manage their everyday finances.