But there are also challenges, some of which I will explore here today. Opportunities One of the objectives of the revised Payment Services Directive (PSD2) is to foster innovation and enhance competition. We are already seeing numerous innovative solutions that make use of the opportunities created by PSD2, including services such as payment initiation services (PIS) or account information services (AIS).
1 Specialists estimate the volume of Islamic investments to exceed USD 750 billions and the pool of investible assets in the countries of the Persian Gulf and South East Asia to reach USD 5,000 billions.