Even under the worst-case  BIS Review 142/2009  1  macroeconomic scenario, all the groups were found to have an adequate capital endowment (a tier 1 ratio of more than 6 per cent, compared with a regulatory minimum of 4 per cent). Some European banks too have carried out capital increases.
The game changers in Indian policy in the recent past have taken advantage of the opportunities provided by technology for implementing financial inclusion. This needed significant changes in institutional and regulatory systems. Avenues other than public sector banks, on whom the main burden of Financial Inclusion policy fell, are being explored. The initiative still remains bank-led but with different types of bank.