As of 2017, the  composite financial index for Botswana (encompassing access, efficiency and depth) was two thirds that of Namibia, and a third and a quarter, respectively, of that for South Africa and Singapore. Therefore, this is one of the areas to attend to in the transformation agenda.
Within such composite measures,  Botswana falls short of international norms by nearly every metric and compares unfavourably with peer upper-middle income countries. The nascent development of the interbank market and stock exchange are good examples in this regard.