As for the effects on children's health, see Beach, Clay, and Saavedra, "The 1918 Influenza Pandemic and Its Lessons for COVID-19"; Nakata, D., "Pandemikku no chōki teki kadai: Kodomo e no eikyō o chūshin ni" in Korona kiki no keizaigaku: Teigen to bunseki, eds. Kobayashi, K. and Morikawa, M. (Tokyo: Nikkei Business Publications, 2020), pp. 331-44.
Drawdowns under this scheme closed in January 2009, and a large part has been repaid this year with the remainder to be repaid by January 2012. In Europe, the ECB has assisted bank funding through its fixed rate full allotment liquidity provision operations.