11 This is likely to partly reflect the large job losses of lower-skilled employees seen over the crisis as a  consequence of the longer-term secular trend towards upskilling which accelerated during the crisis. 12 ECB staff calculations based on Eurostat data.
Skill mismatch indicator is computed on the basis of the  summation of differences in the skill shares of the unemployed and employed across three skill groups (less than primary, primary and lower secondary education; upper secondary and post-secondary non-tertiary education; and tertiary education). 13 OECD (2015), “Adults, Computers and Problem Solving: What’s the Problem?”, OECD Publishing, Paris.