Since the comprehensive safety net for financial system stability was underdeveloped at that time, which is not the case today, the Bank of Japan bore the heavy load of taking measures to stabilize the financial system, including the so-called Tokuyu (special loans). While we barely managed to avert a financial meltdown, the Bank suffered credit losses of about 200 billion yen from the Tokuyu.
Hence, cross-checking the information from the two  BIS Review 32/2003  1  pillars leads to the conclusion that the outlook for price stability over the medium term remains favourable.