BIS central bankers’ speeches  5  Gradual improvements were also observed in the fiscal position with fiscal deficit moderating sharply during the high growth phase of 2004–08, which also coincided with a period of switch over to a rule based fiscal consolidation process. In fact, the high growth phase of 2004–08 saw a primary surplus for the Centre enhancing debt sustainability.
For example, Pakistan has put in place a mechanism of person-to-person funds transfer through the banking system using BCs without the need for opening accounts; customer identification being based on national identity as well as mobile number.