Two noteworthy quotes are the following: “The US basically wrote the rules and created the institutions of globalisation.” (Joseph Stiglitz) “It has been said that arguing against globalisation is like arguing against the laws of gravity.” (Kofi Annan) To begin with, a little bit of history: The first wave of globalisation, from 1870 to 1913, was linked to colonialism, industrialisation and substantial gains in productivity from cross-border linkages 1 / 26  BIS central bankers' speeches  with steam-powered rail and shipping, which considerably lowered trade costs and eased the movement of goods.
This wave collapsed abruptly as the world descended into war. In the interwar period with the 1929 Great Depression, economies resorted to inward-focused measures, erecting trade barriers; isolationism and protectionism were responsible for about half of the decline in global trade.