The central banks are broadly agreed on a number of instruments. That applies in particular to -  the marginal refinancing facility, the deposit facility, and the open market instruments in the form of repo transactions (with fixed maturities). Repo transactions have meanwhile been accepted by all the national central banks as an effective policy instrument consistent with market conditions.
Similarly, the issue of immigration, which is often proposed as a more direct means of addressing the labor shortage, is a matter of public choice that involves not only economic but various social considerations.