External anchor and enforcement powers  Regarding the first point, Prof. Roland argues that prospects on EU membership has enforced an institutional reform, but that once inside, incentives to fulfil future reforms will be weaker. The paper builds analogy to weak implementation of the Stability and Growth Pact (SGP) and argues that EU does not have appropriate (very strong) enforcement powers.
While to some extent it is rather easy to agree with this point, one may also recognize that SGP similarly to Maastricht criteria - has improved fiscal prudence within the EU markedly over the last decade. And this in spite of all the difficulties. On the other hand the SPG is still a relatively new instrument.