Knowledgeable internal controllers and anti-fraud experts may be hired by financial institutions to implement  BIS Review 110/2009  1  risk-assessment and fraud prevention measures. Measures and procedures are to be implemented to prevent management overriding internal control systems. The greatest safety to ensure the stability however comes from self disciplined practitioners of the financial sector.
Big Data and machine learning work in the opposite way: they allow one to look for patterns simply by processing huge amounts of data, regardless of possible underlying models. It’s important to note that most econometricians have expressed concern about the reliability and representativeness of such vast datasets. However, it’s becoming evident that Big Data could disrupt traditional econometrics.