Even though some of these results may sound overly extreme or even provocative, we cannot hide the fact that the transition to net-zero will imply high costs. The global demand for energy, for example, has not reached a plateau and, without a sufficient increase in production, consumer prices will necessarily rise.
Returns in highly polluting sectors will worsen as the market for their products shrinks, and some firms will exit the market, even though greener firms will enter in their place. If we want to limit the climate-related risks for our economies we cannot postpone our actions.