To make a correct judgment on this point, it is necessary to examine not only the development of price indexes, but also the underlying supply and demand balance as a whole, corporate profits and earnings, and the like. At present, corporate profits are increasing and income conditions of households are gradually moving toward an improvement.
As for completing the job, three hurdles need to be overcome: first, the lack of full harmonization and complete application of the rules across Member States; as a matter of fact, the payment services framework still needs to be fully aligned with other EU policies and legislation: I am referring in particular to the General Data Protection Regulation - GDPR, the Electronic Money Directive - EMD2 and the Market in CryptoAssets Regulation - MiCAR.