Similarly, financing cost as represented by the value added share as a proportion of the total output of the financial sector has increased from about 1.4% to 2.3% during the same period. The explosive growth in the risky products – another name for derivatives and structures securities – has led to similar concerns.
The BER/ Ernst & Young Financial Services Index has also found evidence that domestic banks also have raised their lending  BIS Review 67/2009  3  standards and criteria. It also appears that domestic banks are charging higher spreads relative to prime than was previously the case.