Joint projects, conferences and discussions between researchers both within and outside the world of central banking have contributed time and again to further expanding and improving the theoretical foundations of economics and to backing them up empirically.
More mobile phone operators are launching mobile money products whereas financial institutions are increasingly partnering and integrating with the telecommunication companies’ platforms BIS central bankers’ speeches  1  to offer financial services. The number of MFS products as well as the increasing rate of adoption has significantly lowered unit costs of financial services.