Increasingly, therefore, measures are also being taken at international level, including measures to prevent the illegal channelling of banknotes and coins into the legal economy.1 Furthermore, a shadow economy also exists in countries with high inflation rates where cash only plays a minor role as a “value store”. 1  See the standards of the “Financial Action Task Force on Money Laundering”.
When conducting monetary policy, each Policy Board member makes decisions based on their own thinking on price stability that should be pursued by the Bank. The old “understanding” showed the range of inflation rates that each Policy Board member understood as numerically expressing price stability over the medium to long term.