Several indicators have been employed in the literature to compare banking production costs across time. Illustratively, intermediation cost, defined as the ratio of operating expense to total assets, witnessed a gradual reduction in the post reform period across various bank groups barring foreign banks.
Apartments have seen even larger price increases. Greater Copenhagen and the major provincial towns have accounted for the strongest price increases, implying an uneven distribution across the country. Are the strong price increases signs of a price bubble about to burst? In overall terms that is hardly the case.