3 See David Autor, Arindrajit Dube, and Annie McGrew (2023), "The Unexpected  Compression: Competition at Work in the Low Wage Labor Market," NBER Working Paper Series 31010 (Cambridge, Mass. : National Bureau of Economic Research, March). 4 See Lisa D. Cook, Matt Marx, and Emmanuel Yimfor (2022), "Funding Black High-  Growth Startups," NBER Working Paper Series 30682 (Cambridge, Mass.
: National Bureau of Economic Research, November). 5 These real interest rates are based on prices from Treasury Inflation-Protected  Securities (TIPS) and inflation swap markets, as well as survey expectations. 6 See Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (2023), "Federal Reserve  Issues FOMC Statement," press release, March 22. 5/5  BIS - Central bankers' speeches