The sectoral systemic risk buffer was set at 2% for loans secured by domestic residential real _____________ 8  The tier 1 capital ratios of large, systemically important banks stood at around 18% in mid-2021 and at 17% in the middle of 2022.
5 The first instance of this type of qualitative forward guidance appeared in the August  2003 FOMC statement. In particular, the statement included the following language: "The Committee judges that, on balance, the risk of inflation becoming undesirably low is likely to be the predominant concern for the foreseeable future.