While the value of the loonie has ranged from a value in the low 60 cents US to above parity with 2 / 11  BIS central bankers' speeches  the US dollar during that quarter century, inflation has remained within the 1 to 3 per cent range roughly 80 to 85 per cent of the time,5 with an overall average of just below 1.9 per cent.
That price stability came despite the financial crises of the 1990s in emerging-market economies, the strong expansion at the turn of the millennium, the global financial crisis, the Great Recession and the subsequent slow recovery—all of which have generated large fluctuations in commodity prices.