R&D investment is not covered as a survey item before the March 2017 survey. The figures are for all industries including financial institutions. Sources: Cabinet Office; Bank of Japan.
Chart 4  Expected Growth Rate 5  % Japan's expected real growth rate (over the next 5 years)  4 3 2 1 0 CY 85  90  95  00  05  10  15  20  Note: Based on the Annual Survey of Corporate Behavior.