Individual policymakers will sometimes differ in their assessments and on the relative weight they put on particular vulnerabilities. My own assessment is that, while risks are above normal in some areas and below normal in others, overall financial stability vulnerabilities are at a moderate level. 13 In my view, the most important feature of the stability landscape is the strength of the financial system.
Closing Remarks The issues I have just raised are merely some examples relevant to retail payment services. There are also various case examples and challenges concerning wholesale and cross-border payments. In today’s forum, we will hold a session for each of these three topics, retail, wholesale, and cross-border payments.