Figures for "energy" consist of those for petroleum products, electricity, as well as manufactured and piped gas charges. 2. Figures for the "effects of the consumption tax hike and free education policies" from April 2020 onward are Bank staff estimates and include the effects of measures such as free higher education introduced in April 2020. Source: Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications.
Chart 8  Output Prices (Tankan) Manufacturing 50  Nonmanufacturing  %, % points  40  50  Rise  30  Fall  40  DI ("rise" - "fall")  20  10  10  0  0  -10  -10  -20  -20  -30  -30  -40  -40 86 89  92  95  98  01 04  07  10  13  16  Rise  Fall  DI ("rise" - "fall")  30  20  -50 CY83  %, % points  19 22  -50 CY83  86  89  92 95  98  01  04  07  10 13  16  19  22  Note: Figures for "rise" and "fall" are based on the percentage shares of the number of enterprises choosing respective responses.