At the same time, it is also important that financial institutions also aim at metabolizing themselves through mergers, consolidation, or unbundling, in accordance with their own business models. For example, financial institutions that aim to be globally active could pursue the advantage of scale or scope through mergers and acquisitions.
9  The average rates on all outstanding housing loans has increased by around 145 basis points over this period, as rates on the major banks’ new 3- and 5-year fixed-rate housing loans have risen by 170–180 basis points  8  BIS Review 39/2010  estimated 130 to 140 basis point rise in banks’ overall funding costs over this period.