Second, providers have to develop compelling solutions for end-users in all different payment situations: be they mobile, offline or online. Ideally, these are seamlessly connected to a comprehensive range of relevant uses cases. Introducing biometric authentication could further enhance attractiveness. Third, matters of real-time fraud and money laundering prevention, as well as IT system resilience and reliability – among others.
In combination with unified digital identities, SEPA instant payments could be part of a viable emerging European open finance ecosystem based on a trusted account relationship between banks or other payment service providers and users.