Effects of the consumption tax hikes and free education policies Energy  CPI (less fresh food) 2  3  1  2  0  1  -1  0  -2  -1  Others CPI (less fresh food)  -3 CY 95  -2 00  05  10  15  CY 1 4  15  16  17  Note: In the left chart, figures exclude the effects of the consumption tax hikes.
They incorporate the effects of the October 2019 tax hike and policies concerning the provision of free education. Source: Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications. 18  19  Chart 12  II.