In some countries, depositor protection is a primary goal of supervision. In other countries - such as New Zealand - the soundness and efficiency of the financial system is the primary goal. Such divergences can lead to significant differences in supervisory policies and in the strategy for responding to financial crises.
One of the advantages of these cards is the built-in authentication mechanism which ensures that only the authorised user is able to utilise the card or its contents. These cards can deliver services such as bio-metric authorisation and digital signatures while providing the convenience of usage to the card holders.