We know that in some sectors and occupations – in health, IT and construction – migrants ll up to half of all job vacancies.25 However, the report also cautions that in the past when inward migration played a key role in the pre-crisis period, this coincided with EU enlargement. Looking forward, the source of migration is less clear.
Understanding how ageing populations will affect economies is a challenge. If not addressed with appropriate policy responses ageing populations could have adverse implications for public debt trajectory and potential growth. Research is ongoing on how these demographic changes will alter our future.