We were aware that the effects of digitalization were probably adding to economic growth in ways that were not being adequately measured.27 Further, the labour market was evolving in a way that was increasing labour force participation, mainly through part-time or “gig” occupations.28 All this suggested that there was scope for more gradualism in raising the policy interest rate relative to historical  26  Simulations were used to estimate the economic impact on the United States and other countries of tariff changes applied and proposed by the United States in K. B. Charbonneau and A. Landry, “Estimating the Impacts of Tariff Changes: Two Illustrative Scenarios,” Bank of Canada Staff Analytical Note No.
201829 (September 2018); and K. B. Charbonneau and A. Landry, “The Trade War in Numbers,” Bank of Canada Staff Working Paper No. 2018-57 (November 2018). 27 C. D’Souza and D. Williams, “The Digital Economy,” Bank of Canada Review (Spring 2017): 5–18.