Some initiatives include (a) Sudan Government Investment Certificates based on pool of Ijara, Salam, and Murabahah instruments to raise long term financing, one year maturity Government Musharakah Certificates based on equity partnerships; (b) Bay al-dayn (debt trading) Government Investment Issues (GII) by Malaysia; and (c) Baharian al-salam Sukuks whereby Government agrees to sell forward to Islamic banks a commodity (typically aluminium) against spot payment.
Islamic banks in turn designate the Government their agent to sell the  2  Ijara Sukuk are financial obligations, issued by lessor, and backed primarily by cash flows from lease receivables from a credit lessee.