The underlying trend in the CPI (all items less fresh food and energy) turned positive and has been in such territory for more than two and a half years; this also leads to the judgment that, through the achievement of highly accommodative financial conditions, Japan's economy has reached a state of being  8  no longer in deflation, which is commonly defined as a sustained decline in prices (Chart 6).
It is reasonable to regard this as achievements accomplished under QQE. 3. Aims of QQE with Yield Curve Control Despite the fact that QQE has proven to be effective in this manner, why did the Bank introduce last year QQE with Yield Curve Control as a means of strengthening the framework for monetary easing?