In Indonesia, since 1993, a compulsory health insurance scheme is being introduced gradually for all workers, with contribution paid entirely by employers although the coverage is restricted to civil servants and formal sector workers. In the Indian sub-continent, medical insurance and health care reforms is at a primary stage with the principal medical facilities located in the urban areas.
Although there is large contingent of private practitioners, they are mainly city based and the per capita availability of medical care in rural areas is quite low. The financial effect of ageing populations is significant in the medical care sector.