11  M. Bugamelli, L. Cannari, F. Lotti and S. Magri (2012), “The innovation gap of Italy’s productive system: roots and possible solutions”, Questioni di Economia e Finanza (Occasional Papers), No. 121, Banca d’Italia; B.H.
Hall, F. Lotti and J. Mairesse (2013), “Evidence on the impact of R&D and ICT investment on innovation and productivity in Italian firms”, Economics of Innovation and New Technology, 22(3). 12  Eurostat (2010), Community Innovation Survey 2008. 4  BIS central bankers’ speeches  less capable of patenting inventions and industrial designs, registering brands and protecting intellectual property rights.