In Europe, strong public intervention is not envisaged for the time being. It is up to the EPC and individual card schemes to create the business rules which are needed for a smooth functioning of SEPA for cards. SEPA for cards – technical standards Business rules are only half the battle for a SEPA for cards, as technical standards are needed too.
As the spread of COVID-19 has not 1/2  BIS central bankers' speeches  subsided globally, the consequences of COVID-19 and the magnitude of their impact on domestic and overseas economies are highly unclear.