•  The public resources needed to finance these measures and to promote the productive use of private funds must come from a restructuring of the public budget, the recovery of the tax base, a reduction in the risk premium on government bonds, and the pragmatic and judicious use of European funds.
•  Excluding interest payments, Italy’s public expenditure is in line with the average for the euro area as a whole, even if the share of pension expenditure is higher and destined to increase further, driven by an ageing population, as in many other countries of the European Union.