If one looks at the fundamentals, I think a good reason for being positive about the medium term - and a factor that is sometimes not given sufficient attention - is that gold has the benefit, uniquely so far as I am aware, of enjoying demand from four separate markets: it is a core ingredient in high-quality artistic artefacts, notably jewellery; it has applications in industrial production; it is a universal and long-standing outlet for private financial investment; and it is a monetary asset.
Haruhiko Kuroda: Integrating information and financial systemsbeyond as-a-service Remarks by Mr Haruhiko Kuroda, Governor of the Bank of Japan, at the FIN/SUM 2021, 16 March 2021. * * *  Introduction I am delighted to be given this opportunity to speak to you at the FIN/SUM 2021 through a video message.