Nevertheless, we needs to remain vigilant about a number of challenges, including the rapid development of digital technology, which necessitates high investment costs, the scarcity of human resources, and cyber risks, as well as the rapid penetration of global financial digital players and the demands of international cooperation.
Also, growth has generally not been too far from trend. This is all the more significant in light of the substantial swings in the macroeconomy that were all too common during earlier commodity booms.3 The high nominal exchange rate helped to facilitate the reallocation of labour and capital across industries.