Many non-essential stores and restaurants were forced to close, while others had only online access or takeout service. 8 These demand and supply effects not only lowered consumption during the containment period but also changed what Canadians were buying.
The volume of consumption, as measured by the National Accounts, plummeted by nearly 9.0 percent in the first quarter of 2020 at an annual rate, and the  7 On the demand side, sharp declines in stock markets had negative wealth effects, and lower commodity  prices reduced Canada’s terms of trade. Both factors also weighed on consumption.