Some countries intervene on the foreign exchange markets, others resort to interest rate cuts in order to discourage capital inflows, another group focuses mainly on macroprudential measures in a bid to strengthen the ability of their domestic financial systems to absorb inflows, while yet other nations mainly or partly employ capital controls.
During the pandemic, community bankers and other lenders such as community development financial institutions (CDFIs) were the key to making sure that healthy businesses temporarily hurt by lockdowns, economic restrictions, and social distancing were able to access the multiple rounds of Paycheck Protection Program (PPP) funding that kept workers on their payrolls.