A central bank is, after all, an element of statehood. The Maastricht Treaty has made the ECB independent of any political influence so that it is able to fulfil its clear mandate of preserving price stability. Monetary policy-making is hence not only centralised but also depoliticised.
3) PNG Financial inclusion strategy and policy identify SME lending as a priority area and have taken steps to assist and promote the lending activities in the last Financial Inclusion strategy 2016–2020. 4) With the intrusion of the pandemic Covid-19, many businesses have adversely been impacted, especially the MSME sector.