7  See Ryan A. Decker, John Haltiwanger, Ron S. Jarmin, and Javier Miranda (2016), “Changing Business Dynamism: Volatility of Shocks vs. Responsiveness to Shocks? (PDF)“ unpublished paper, April.
8  See Ryan A. Decker, John Haltiwanger, Ron S. Jarmin, and Javier Miranda (2016), “Declining Business Dynamism: Implications for Productivity?” unpublished paper, August; and Francois Gourio, Todd Messer, and Michael Siemer (2016), “Firm Entry and Macroeconomic Dynamics: A State-Level Analysis (PDF),” Finance and Economics Discussion Series 2016–043 (Washington: Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, February).