Following Canada's return to a floating exchange rate system in 1970, the Bank of Canada tried to achieve a low-inflation environment by targeting the growth of money from 1975 to 1982. But the relationship between money growth and the rate of inflation proved to be unstable. So, in 1991, the Bank adopted an explicit inflation-targeting approach.
U.S. real gross domestic product is estimated to have increased about 1–3/4 percent in 2015. Over the course of the year, subdued foreign growth and the appreciation of the dollar restrained net exports.