Since the strategy of the Bank of Japan relies on the efforts of the private sector, this policy may take time to pay off, but it is the most effective way of tackling the roots of the structural problems.
However, some economic actors have the power to borrow more from future generations than they have the capacity to repay. Governments do this by running unsustainable budget deficits. Firms could pursue short term profits but leave society with longer term costs; such as with events that led to the financial crisis.