All these were based on the principle of reciprocal cooperation with mutual benefits, without any one of the investment contracts forced to be signed by the Chinese government. Strict observance of the contract has always been advocated by Europe and the United States, and is gradually appreciated by the Chinese enterprises and residents.
Several pieces of indirect evidence suggest that the long-term effect of foreign purchases on yields may be moderate. Notably, the global market for dollar-denominated bonds is enormous--perhaps around $ trillion, including dollar-denominated debt issued by other countries as well as debt issued abroad by U.S. residents.