Delegation to, and trust in the ship’s officers is essential. The crew must be cared for and continously prepared for the journey. Clear and active communication must be provided internally, and there must be strong coordination externally. There must be compliance with laws and regulations – to the standard of “extraordinary diligence”. To be meaningful, the journey must be inclusive.
Similarly, when the economy slows, plans for capital expansion are shaded down, and investment is scaled down or perhaps even postponed for a time. Because the stock of capital is large relative to the investment spending in any particular year, a relatively small shift in expansion plans generates a big swing in current expenditures.