This uncertainty persisted until last Spring, and while it has unwound considerably since then, some of its effects still linger. On top of all this, we have also seen a sharp appreciation of the euro, particularly against the dollar, which has taken it to a level that is higher than at its initial launch.
Critical issues for the future well-being of all nations, such as the environmental sustainability of economic development, can only be managed through joint actions, which leverage scientific research and already available technology to ensure that growth does not come at the expense of the environment.