November 28, 2019  Bank of Japan  Financial and Settlement Systems as Social Infrastructure: Disaster Management Perspective Opening Remarks at the Symposium "The Impact of Natural Disasters on Financial Markets and Financial Institutions" Held at Nagoya City University Graduate School  Masazumi Wakatabe Deputy Governor of the Bank of Japan  (English translation based on the Japanese original)  I.
Introduction I am delighted to be given this opportunity to speak to you at this symposium. Japan is at risk of various natural disasters -- wind and flood damage caused by typhoons or heavy rain, volcanic eruptions as well as earthquakes, such as the Great Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake and the Great East Japan Earthquake.