Tingkat Pembatasan Mobilitas Emerging Market  %  Index, 100 = most stringent  3,0 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  2021  Global  US  Euro Area  Asia  Data as of 12 November 2021 Source: WHO, calculated  Data as of 12 November 2021 Source: WHO, calculated  7  WRL AE EM  % current target, assumed by the end of 2021 Herd Immunity (Full Dose) reached  Hopitalization per million  8  9  10  11  100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0  1 2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 10 11 12 1  2  3  4  5  2020  As of: 15 Nov 2021  6  7  2021  Brazil  China  India  Russia  Indonesia  Malaysia  Source: Research 2021 Data asGoldman of 15 Sachs November Goldman Sachs ELI: Oxford Stringency Index + Google Mobility Report Source: Goldman Sachs Research Goldman Sachs ELI : Oxford Stringency Index + Google Mobility Report  8  9 10 11  supply and fiscal capacity, the vaccination rate has only reached an average of 34% and, therefore, the spread of the Delta variant is more extensive.
Moreover, the level of mobility restrictions that must be enforced to prevent Covid-19 transmission is higher in EMDEs, though differing in terms of time and duration (Graph 4). Disparity between vaccination rates in AEs and EMDEs also explains the different negative effects of the Delta variant on the pace of economic recovery.