The  other point to highlight is that the short-term impact of government spending on domestic demand is moderated to the extent that a significant component involves infrastructure and capacity development. For Botswana, this type of spending  tends to be import intensive. Therefore, the economic benefits of such public investments are derived in the medium to long term.
At the same time, the recent labour force survey results, by Statistics Botswana, for the third quarter of 2019, indicate an unemployment rate of 20.7 percent. This reinforces the  assessment of below-potential performance of the economy, modest  aggregate  demand  and,  consequently,  subdued  pressures on inflation.