The largest system of non-bank financial intermediation in 2012 was found in the USA, which had assets size of $ 26 trillion, followed by the euro area $ 22 trillion), the UK $ 9 trillion) and Japan $ 4 trillion).
The size of shadow banking in a large number of emerging market economies (EMEs) was found to have increased in 2012, nevertheless, the share of non-bank financial intermediation remained relatively smaller at less than 20 per cent of GDP. As per the report, for a number of EMEs, non-bank financial intermediation remains relatively small as compared to the level of GDP.