Zeti Akhtar Aziz: Islamic finance – a global growth opportunity amidst a challenging environment Keynote address by Dr Zeti Akhtar Aziz, Governor of the Central Bank of Malaysia, at the State Street Islamic Finance Congress 2008, Boston, 6 October 2008. *  *  *  This decade has witnessed the rapid evolution of Islamic finance. This has resulted in the dramatic transformation of the industry, from being focused on retail financing to providing an extensive spectrum of financial products and services, from being focused on the Muslim community to having an extended reach that serves the non-Muslim community, from being governed by conventional regulatory and accounting standards to having promulgated its own standards and finally from being domestic centric to becoming increasingly internationalised. The Islamic financial services industry has during this decade transitioned into a dynamic, fast growing and competitive form of financial intermediation servicing the global community. It is my honour and great pleasure to be here in Boston to participate in this inaugural State Street Islamic Finance Congress. With the recent evolution and expansion in Islamic finance, it has now emerged as a viable new asset class for investors and a competitive form of financing for businesses. It has therefore, not only allowed for the further diversification of risks, but, the resulting higher level of foreign participation and the increased cross border flows has not only strengthened international financial inter linkages between nations but also contributed to the more efficient international allocation of resources across borders.
Thus far, the global financial crisis has had limited direct effects on Islamic finance. While Islamic finance by its very nature only engages in transactions that have underlying tangible productive activities, the slower overall growth and the increased uncertainties have affected pricing and activity in certain market segments. However, this in part reflects the shift in activity from the financial markets to the Islamic financial institutions. The scope of Islamic financial business has now expanded to more sophisticated financial products in response to the changing global customer base. Such Shariah-compliant products include private equity, project finance, the origination and issuance of sukuk, as well as fund, asset and wealth management products. The sukuk market in particular, has  2  BIS Review 136/2008  become an important avenue for international fund raising and investment activities. This market has expanded by an annual growth rate of 40%. The year 2007 saw an exceptional growth of the global sukuk market which expanded by more than 70%. New issues during the year reached a record high to about $ billion and the outstanding global sukuk market has now surpassed the $ billion mark. Up until August this year, it has held its ground with a total global issuance now exceeding $ billion, and is expected to exceed USD200 billion in 2010. This growth is spurred in part by the growing funding requirements in emerging market economies, in particular, in Asia and the Middle East. This is reinforced by the continued confidence of investors in the Islamic financial instruments.