Gent Sejko: Oversight, analysis and vision of public governance in Albania Speech by Mr Gent Sejko, Governor of the Bank of Albania, at the presentation of the Supreme State Audit Annual Review 2015, Tirana, 1 February 2016. *  *  *  Your Excellency President of the Republic of Albania, Dear Chairman of the Supreme State Audit institution, Honourable Chairman of the Parliamentary Committee on Economy and Finance, Your excellency Ambassador Lu, Your excellency Minister, Dear representatives of public institutions, Honourable MPs, dear professors, dear participants, It is a special pleasure for me to be here today on the occasion of the annual review of the activity of the Supreme State Audit (ALSAI) for 2015. ALSAI is among the most important constitutional institutions in Albania, whose objective – ensuring good management of public finances – is highly significant. The effective use and certification of public funds in conformity with the laws regulating the economic and financial activity of the public sector, on-going public communication, in relation to irregularities and relevant responsibilities have been at the focus of ALSAI’s work in recent years. In this perspective, the role and mission of the ALSAI are highly important; therefore, the issues raised in ALSAI’s reports should be thoroughly analysed. They are both necessary and preventive instruments for the institutions subjected to ALSAI’s audit. Notably, the Bank of Albania and ALSAI have had a fruitful cooperation, in line with both current and prospective dynamics and developments.
By the end of 2003 for example, the domestic banks’ assets amounted to over 277% of GDP, compared with a euro area average of 273%, while the ratio of domestic bank credit to GDP stood at 155%, as against 143% in the euro area. More significantly, spreads between short-term lending and deposit rates in Malta, at 2.41 percentage points in 2003, were even narrower than the euro area average of 3.48 points. This suggests that the local banks compare favourably in terms of efficiency with banks elsewhere in the European Union. Furthermore, despite the global economic slowdown and the recent weak performance of the Maltese economy, the profitability of banks in Malta, as evidenced by the return on assets, has been fairly stable at around 0.8%. This compares with an average return of 0.6% recorded by European banks in 2001. At the same time, bank liquidity remains very high, with the domestic banks’ holdings of liquid assets as a share of short-term liabilities, just under 50% at the end of 2003, consistently exceeding the 30% prudential requirement. Maltese banks are also strongly capitalized. Their aggregate capital adequacy ratio, defined as the ratio of own funds to risk-weighted assets, stood at 16.7%. On the other hand, the banks’ loan portfolio still tends to be concentrated on a few sectors, reflecting the structure and small size of the Maltese economy. Furthermore, they still rely too heavily on property as collateral.