ANNUAL GROWTH AND CONTRIBUTIONS  4.0  CHART 1  Projections  %  4.0  2.0  2.0  0.0  0.0  -2.0  -2.0  Projections  %  -4.0  -4.0 2011  2012  2013  2014  2015  NET EXTERNAL DEMAND  2016  2017  2018  2011  2019  2012  2013  2014  2015  2016  2017  2018  2019  IMPORTS OF GOODS AND SERVICES EXPORTS OF GOODS AND SERVICES NET EXTERNAL DEMAND  NATIONAL DEMAND  GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT  SOURCES: INE and Banco de España. FORECASTS FOR THE SPANISH ECONOMY: EMPLOYMENT AND UNEMPLOYMENT GDP GROWTH(%) Contributions of employment and labour productivity (pp) Projections  4  CHART 2  UNEMPLOYMENT RATE (% of the labour force) Projections  28 25  2 22 0  19 16  -2 13 -4  10 2013  2014  2015  2016  LABOUR PRODUCTIVITY  2017  2018  EMPLOYMENT  GDP  2019  2013  2014  2015  2016  2017  2018  2019  SOURCES: INE and Banco de España. particularly marked in the euro area; the progressive normalisation of monetary and financial conditions; and the very limits on the growth of domestic demand, such as, for example, those derived from the current, historically low levels of the household saving rate. On Banco de España estimates, the Spanish economy’s already positive output gap will widen during 2019 (see Chart 3).
By component, BANCO DE ESPAÑA  8	 TESTIMONY BY THE GOVERNOR OF THE BANCO DE ESPAÑA BEFORE PARLIAMENT IN RELATION TO THE DRAFT STATE AND SOCIAL SECURITY BUDGET FOR 2019  PUBLIC SPENDING IN THE DRAFT STATE BUDGET  CHART 8 PENSION EXPENDITURE (a)  PRIMARY EXPENDITURE (a) As % of annual change  As % of annual change  Projections  Projections  10  10 5  8  0 -5  6  -10  4  -15 2  -20 -25  0 2010  2011  2012  2013  STATE  2014  2015  2016  2017  2018  2019  2010  2011  2012  2013  2014  2015  2016  2017  2018  2019  GENERAL GOVERNMENT  SOURCES: IGAE, Plan Presupuestario 2019, State Budget 2019 and Banco de España. a Cash-basis outturn data, 2018 Budget outturn projection and initial 2019 Budget, except general government spending, which is National-Accounts-based. among the payments subject to greater discretionality, purchases of goods and services will grow by 2.7%; capital expenditure by 7.9%; and expenditure on staff by 4.8%. Among the expenditure items influenced by the behaviour of the financial, macroeconomic or demographic fundamentals, interest payments in cash terms will grow by 4.6% in 2019, while, in the social security budget, spending on contributory pensions will increase by 5.3% and that on unemployment benefits by 1.2%.