It is the role of research to guide policy reviews and policy models for sustainable economic policies that can promote growth in the presence of stable prices and financial system. The news about successful trails of the Covid-19 vaccine candidates, hoping that many more would result successful in the near future, brings much needed relief. However, as I mentioned before, uncertainty remains not only regarding production, distribution and the success of vaccine campaign in the real world, but also regarding the shape and speed of economic and financial recovery once COVID-19 is defeated. Yet, other risks like climate change, along with natural disasters, loss of habitats and arable land, demographic and pandemic risks represent significant long term challenges for global economy. They pose significant risks for our economies of the South east countries as well. We would need to dedicate more research resources to the study of these phenomena and their implications for the economy, price and financial stability in our countries. I am sure they will become important topics of this workshop in the future. During the recent years we have seen that research based on surveys and micro data has provided important information for the financial situation of families and business, their sources of financing, payment instruments, savings and economic and financial behaviour. I would like to call your attention that this same information is useful for understanding financial inclusion and financial literacy in the country. They are two different aspects for wellbeing of families and business and the stability of our economy.
However it is without doubt also a result of activities like this, which introduce or staff to the relevant work that is done in academia and other central banks. Whether you are from Academia or central banks, we are grateful for your continued interest and thankful for your participation. We hope that you and your colleagues will continue to join our workshop in the future, hopefully, in a COVID free world. Hence, we can go back to our traditional ways of the past, and give you the opportunity to present your works at Bank of Albania, engage with our research and introduce yourself to our beautiful Tirana, Albanian culture and the delicious taste of Albanian cuisine. Wish you the best and the most productive event! 3/3  BIS central bankers' speeches