Pascual, U., Balvanera, P., Christie, M., Baptiste, B., González-Jiménez, D., Anderson, C.B., Athayde, S., Barton, D.N., Chaplin-Kramer, R., Jacobs, S., Kelemen, E., Kumar, R., Lazos, E., Martin, A., Mwampamba, T.H., Nakangu, B., O'Farrell, P., Raymond, C.M., Subramanian, S.M., Termansen, M., Van Noordwijk, M., and Vatn, A. (eds.). IPBES secretariat, Bonn, Germany. xxvi I note here that Professor Dasgupta referred to green swans, which is a concept that was developed by researchers at the Banque de France among others. See: Bolton, P., Després, M., Pereira da Silva, L. A., Samama, F., & Svartzman, R. (2020). “Green Swans”: central banks in the age of climate-related risks. Banque de France Bulletin, 229(8). https://publications.banquefrance.fr/sites/default/files/medias/documents/820154_bdf229- 8_green_swans_vfinale.pd xxvii Banque de France (2022). Rapport investissement responsable 2021. xxviii Boissinot, J., Goulard, S., Le Calvar, J., Salin, M., Svartzman, R., and Weber, P.-F. (2022). “Aligning financial and monetary policies with the concept of double materiality: rationales, proposals and challenges”. INSPIRE Central Banking Toolbox – Policy Briefing no. 5, LSE Research Online Documents on Economics. 13
The second challenge is that economic modeling requires reliable and regular data. This entails significant financial and human resources that are sorely lacking in statistical institutes in several countries. In this respect, I think that central banks, owing to their autonomy, can play an important role in research development and have a ripple effect on its ecosystem. This is exactly what we are trying to do in Bank Al-Maghrib. 4  In fact, we have always put research and human capacity building at the core of our strategic plans. Thus, alongside the various operational entities, we have set up since 2007 a division dedicated to research, whose task is to reflect on all strategic matters and issues related to the Bank's missions. Several cooperation programs were developed with the national and international academia, as well as with many central banks around the world. More particularly, we have launched the "fellow researcher" program which allowed the Bank’s executives to collaborate with experts from central banks of other countries such as the United States, Canada and Poland, and I hope we will soon be able to extend this cooperation to African researchers. In addition to our institutional publications, a series of working papers were drawn by the Bank staff, and are gradually becoming a reference for research in various areas directly or indirectly related to our missions. Moreover, the Bank organizes a series of timely or regular scientific meetings, such as the International Days of Macroeconomics and Finance, which we hold each year.