John C Williams: Inflation targeting - securing the anchor Remarks by Mr John C Williams, President and Chief Executive Officer of the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, at the Bank of England Research Workshop on "The Future of Inflation Targeting", London, 9 January 2020. * * * As prepared for delivery  Introduction Good afternoon, and happy new year. Monetary policy frameworks are complex, technical, and rarely make it into the public consciousness. But they are of vital importance to economic prosperity. And as we stand on the brink of a new decade, it is critically important that we understand how the frameworks central banks choose influence economic outcomes, both today and in the future. When Andy Haldane invited me to be on the panel, he posed the provocative question: What will monetary policy frameworks look like 30 years from now? As a policymaker, I try to avoid making predictions for the future. But given that I will assuredly be an ex-central banker in the year 2050, I think I’m safe to have free rein! That said, I should still give the standard Fed disclaimer that the views I express today are mine alone and do not necessarily reflect those of the Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) or others in the Federal Reserve System. In my remarks today, I’ll discuss how the monetary policy landscape has evolved, and what that means for inflation targeting in 2020, 2050, and beyond.
2 John C. Williams, Inflation Targeting and the Global Financial Crisis: Successes and Challenges, Essay  presentation to the South African Reserve Bank Conference on Fourteen Years of Inflation Targeting in South Africa and the Challenge of a Changing Mandate, Pretoria, South Africa, October 31, 2014. 3 Federal Reserve Bank of New York, Measuring the Natural Rate of Interest. 4 Federal Reserve Bank of New York, Measuring the Natural Rate of Interest. 5 John C. Williams, Living Life Near the ZLB, Remarks at 2019 Annual Meeting of the Central Bank Research  Association (CEBRA), New York, July 18, 2019. 6 John C. Williams, Monetary Policy in a Low R-Star World, Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco, FRBSF  Economic Letter, August 15, 2016. 7 This statement is based on ongoing research with New York Fed Research staff using Survey of Consumer  Expectations data and a version of the Malmendier-Nagel (2016) model of expectations formation (Ulrike Malmendier and Stefan Nagel . “Learning from Inflation Experiences,” The Quarterly Journal of Economics, Vol. 3/4  BIS central bankers' speeches  121, No. 1, 53 – 87 [gated version].). As such, it differs from the median measures of 1-year and 3-year inflation expectations released monthly by the New York Fed. 4/4  BIS central bankers' speeches