Among others, the finance industry is one with many untapped opportunities. Currently, a wide group of people in our countries still needs a better access to finance and there are still lots of demand for financial services to be met – be they savings, loans, insurance products, or payment services for both domestic and crossborder transactions. By applying the airline industry’ experiences for policymakers, let me lay out five key conditions necessary to developing domestic financial systems and nurturing financial connectivity in the CLMVT in the periods ahead. Analogous to the “Open Sky Policy”, the first factor is to promote domestic financial liberalization policy and a well-integrated regional financial system. The financial liberalization policy should aim to lessen the degree of domestic financial repression, thereby strengthening financial institutions’ performance, and broadening their offer of financial  2  BIS central bankers’ speeches  products and services. This can be done along with the policy to enhance financial connectivity by promoting the presence of capable players with regional focus. Under our mandate, the Bank of Thailand aims to promote financial connectivity through more connected banking networks and more integrated payment systems. Under the ASEAN Banking Integration Framework, countries in the CLMVT should gear up efforts to strengthen regional banking networks, which will serve a diverse range of businesses and local people to gain more access to high quality banking services at fair prices.
Much progress has been accomplished, but there remain many more things that we can and should do to further promote more connected financial system. As we have done in the past decade, the Bank of Thailand will stand ready to work with our CLMV partners in various ways from development of human capital and regulatory frameworks to infrastructure building. If we can build strong domestic financial systems and regional financial connectivity, we will be able to reduce costs and create positive spillovers to several other industries. Livelihoods of our people will improve. Workers and investors can more easily and cheaply remit funds across countries. Merchants will find it easier to trade cross-border. The tourism sector will gain even more momentum. SMEs will be able to utilize e-commerce and e-payment in selling their products regionally and globally. Financing of infrastructure projects can also be supported by long-term financial products with proper risk management features. Furthermore, financial inclusion and financial literacy will equip households and small businesses with the needed resilience to go through the increasingly volatile world. Ladies and Gentlemen, Just ten years ago, the low-cost airlines were still at their infancy. The airlines were not household brands, and it would be difficult for most of us to imagine how fast they would grow only in one decade, not to mention the positive impacts they would create to other industries and the wider public.