Muhammad sent a few followers to Abyssinia.

Muhammad Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd AllāhFull name : Abū al-Qāsim Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd Allāh ibn ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib ibn Hāshim ( ابو القاسم محمد ابن عبد الله ابن عبد المطلب ابن هاشم , lit : Father of Qasim Muhammad son of Abd Allah son of Abdul-Muttalib son of Hashim ) ( محمد -LSB- muħammad -RSB- ; Classical Arabic pronunciation c. 570 CE -- 8 June 632 CE ) is the prophet of Islam and widely identified as its founder by non-Muslims . According to Islamic doctrine , he was God 's Messenger ( rasūl Allāh ) sent to confirm the essential teachings of monotheism preached previously by Adam , Abraham , Moses , Jesus , and other prophets . He is viewed as the final prophet of God in primary branches of Islam , though some modern denominations diverge from this belief.The Ahmadiyya Muslim Community considers Muhammad to be the `` Seal of the Prophets '' ( Khātam an-Nabiyyīn ) and the last law-bearing Prophet but not the last Prophet . See :   There are also smaller sects which believe Muhammad to be not the last Prophet :  The Nation of Islam considers Elijah Muhammad to be a prophet ( source : African American Religious Leaders -- p. 76 , Jim Haskins , Kathleen Benson -- 2008 ) .  United Submitters International consider Rashad Khalifa to be a prophet . ( Source : Daniel Pipes , Miniatures : Views of Islamic and Middle Eastern Politics , p. 98 ( 2004 ) ) Muhammad united Arabia into a single Muslim polity and ensured that his teachings , practices , and the Quran , formed the basis of Islamic religious belief .   Born approximately 570CE ( Year of the Elephant ) in the Arabian city of Mecca , Muhammad was orphaned at an early age ; he was raised under the care of his paternal uncle Abu Talib . Periodically , he would seclude himself in a mountain cave named Hira for several nights of prayer ; later , at age 40 , he reported being visited by Gabriel in the cave , where he stated he received his first revelation from God . Three years later , in 610 , Muhammad started preaching these revelations publicly , proclaiming that `` God is One '' , that complete `` surrender '' ( lit . islām ) to him is the right course of action ( dīn ) , and that he was a prophet and messenger of God , similar to the other prophets in Islam .   Muhammad gained few early followers , and met hostility from some Meccan tribes . To escape persecution , Muhammad sent some followers to Abyssinia before he and his followers migrated from Mecca to Medina ( then known as Yathrib ) in the year 622 . This event , the Hijra , marks the beginning of the Islamic calendar , also known as the Hijri Calendar . In Medina , Muhammad united the tribes under the Constitution of Medina . In December 629 , after eight years of intermittent conflict with Meccan tribes , Muhammad gathered an army of 10,000 Muslim converts and marched on the city of Mecca . The attack went largely uncontested and Muhammad seized the city with little bloodshed . In 632 , a few months after returning from the Farewell Pilgrimage , he fell ill and died . Before his death , most of the Arabian Peninsula had converted to Islam .   The revelations ( each known as Ayah , lit . `` Sign -LSB- of God -RSB- '' ) , which Muhammad reported receiving until his death , form the verses of the Quran , regarded by Muslims as the `` Word of God '' and around which the religion is based . Besides the Quran , Muhammad 's teachings and practices ( sunnah ) , found in the Hadith and sira literature , are also upheld by Muslims and used as sources of Islamic law ( see Sharia ) .


North Korea has healthcare and education.

North Korea North Korea , officially the Democratic People 's Republic of Korea ( DPRK ) , is a country in East Asia constituting the northern part of the Korean Peninsula .  Pyongyang is the nation 's capital and largest city . To the north and northwest the country is bordered by China and by Russia along the Amnok ( known as the Yalu in China ) and Tumen rivers ; it is bordered to the south by South Korea , with the heavily fortified Korean Demilitarized Zone ( DMZ ) separating the two .   In 1910 , Korea was annexed by the Empire of Japan . After the Japanese surrender at the end of World War II in 1945 , Korea was divided into two zones along the 38th parallel by the United States and the Soviet Union , with the north occupied by the Soviets and the south by the Americans . Negotiations on reunification failed , and in 1948 , separate governments were formed : the socialist Democratic People 's Republic of Korea in the north , and the capitalist Republic of Korea in the south . An invasion initiated by North Korea led to the Korean War ( 1950 -- 1953 ) . The Korean Armistice Agreement brought about a ceasefire , but no peace treaty was signed .   North Korea officially describes itself as a self-reliant socialist state and formally holds elections . Critics regard it as a totalitarian dictatorship . Various media outlets have called it Stalinist , particularly noting the elaborate cult of personality around Kim Il-sung and his family . International organizations have assessed that human rights violations in North Korea have no parallel in the contemporary world . The Workers ' Party of Korea ( WPK ) , led by a member of the ruling family , holds power in the state and leads the Democratic Front for the Reunification of the Fatherland of which all political officers are required to be members .   Juche , an ideology of national self-reliance , was introduced into the constitution as a `` creative application of Marxism -- Leninism '' in 1972 . The means of production are owned by the state through state-run enterprises and collectivized farms . Most services such as healthcare , education , housing and food production are subsidized or state-funded . From 1994 to 1998 , North Korea suffered a famine that resulted in the deaths of between 240,000 and 3.5 million people , and the country continues to struggle with food production . North Korea follows Songun , or `` military-first '' policy . It is the country with the highest number of military and paramilitary personnel , with a total of 9,495,000 active , reserve , and paramilitary personnel . Its active duty army of 1.21 million is the fourth largest in the world , after China , the United States , and India . It possesses nuclear weapons . North Korea is an atheist state with no official religion and where public religion is discouraged .


Jessica Chastain made her Broadway debut in an award-winning revival of a 1947 play.

Jessica Chastain Jessica Michelle Chastain ( born March 24 , 1977 ) is an American actress and film producer . Born in Carmichael , California , and raised in Sacramento , Chastain developed an interest in acting from a young age . In 1998 , she made her professional stage debut as Shakespeare 's Juliet . After studying acting at the Juilliard School , she was signed to a talent holding deal with the television producer John Wells . She was a recurring guest star in several television shows , including Law & Order : Trial by Jury . She also took on roles in the stage productions of Anton Chekhov 's play The Cherry Orchard in 2004 and Oscar Wilde 's tragedy Salome in 2006 .   Chastain made her film debut in the drama Jolene ( 2008 ) , and gained wide recognition in 2011 for starring roles in half a dozen films , including the dramas Take Shelter and The Tree of Life . Her performance as an aspiring socialite in The Help earned her an Academy Award nomination . In 2012 , she won a Golden Globe Award and received a second Oscar nomination for playing a CIA agent in the thriller Zero Dark Thirty . Chastain made her Broadway debut in a revival of The Heiress in the same year . Her highest-grossing releases came with the science fiction films Interstellar ( 2014 ) and The Martian ( 2015 ) , as she continued to draw praise for her performances in the dramas The Disappearance of Eleanor Rigby ( 2013 ) , A Most Violent Year ( 2014 ) , and Miss Sloane ( 2016 ) .   Chastain 's accolades include two Academy Award and British Academy Film Award nominations . She is known to prepare extensively for her roles . Chastain is the founder of the production company Freckle Films , which was created to promote diversity in film . She is vocal about social issues such as gender and racial equality , and mental health . Time magazine named her one of the 100 most influential people in the world in 2012 .


The Heiress (1947 play) The Heiress is a 1947 play by American playwrights Ruth and Augustus Goetz adapted from the 1880 Henry James novel Washington Square .


Susan Sarandon debuted in a movie by Gore Vidal.

Susan Sarandon Susan Abigail Sarandon ( -LSB- səˈrændən -RSB- née Tomalin ; born October 4 , 1946 ) is an American actress and activist . She is an Academy Award and BAFTA Award winner who is also known for her social and political activism for a variety of causes . She was appointed a UNICEF Goodwill Ambassador in 1999 and received the Action Against Hunger Humanitarian Award in 2006 .   Sarandon began her career in the 1970 film Joe , before appearing in the soap opera A World Apart ( 1970 -- 71 ) . In 1975 , she starred in the cult classic film The Rocky Horror Picture Show . She was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actress for Atlantic City ( 1980 ) , Thelma & Louise ( 1991 ) , Lorenzo 's Oil ( 1992 ) , and The Client ( 1994 ) , before winning for Dead Man Walking ( 1995 ) . She has also won the BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role for The Client , and the Screen Actors Guild Award for Best Actress for Dead Man Walking . Her other films include : Pretty Baby ( 1978 ) , The Hunger ( 1983 ) , The Witches of Eastwick ( 1987 ) , Bull Durham ( 1988 ) , White Palace ( 1990 ) , Little Women ( 1994 ) , Stepmom ( 1998 ) , Enchanted ( 2007 ) , The Lovely Bones ( 2009 ) , Tammy ( 2014 ) , and The Meddler ( 2015 ) .   She made her Broadway debut in An Evening with Richard Nixon in 1972 and went on to receive Drama Desk Award nominations for the Off-Broadway plays , A Coupla White Chicks Sitting Around Talking ( 1979 ) and Extremities ( 1982 ) . She returned to Broadway in the 2009 revival of Exit the King .   On television , she is a five-time Emmy Award nominee , including for her guest roles on the sitcoms Friends ( 2001 ) and Malcolm in the Middle ( 2002 ) , and the TV films Bernard and Doris ( 2007 ) and You Do n't Know Jack ( 2010 ) . In 2017 , Sarandon portrayed Bette Davis in the first season of FX 's anthology series Feud .


Joe (1970 film) Joe is a 1970 drama film distributed by Cannon Films and starring Peter Boyle , Dennis Patrick and Susan Sarandon in her film debut . The film was directed by John G. Avildsen .


Michael Jackson was acquitted of child sexual abuse allegations.

Michael Jackson Michael Joseph Jackson ( August 29 , 1958 -- June 25 , 2009 ) was an American singer , songwriter , record producer , dancer , actor , and philanthropist . Called the `` King of Pop '' , his contributions to music , dance , and fashion along with his publicized personal life made him a global figure in popular culture for over four decades .   The eighth child of the Jackson family , Michael made his professional debut in 1964 with his elder brothers Jackie , Tito , Jermaine , and Marlon as a member of the Jackson 5 . He began his solo career in 1971 . In the early 1980s , Jackson became a dominant figure in popular music . His music videos , including those of `` Beat It '' , `` Billie Jean '' , and `` Thriller '' from his 1982 album Thriller , are credited with breaking racial barriers and transforming the medium into an art form and promotional tool . The popularity of these videos helped bring the television channel MTV to fame . Jackson 's 1987 album Bad spawned the U.S. Billboard Hot 100 number-one singles `` I Just Ca n't Stop Loving You '' , `` Bad '' , `` The Way You Make Me Feel '' , `` Man in the Mirror '' , and `` Dirty Diana '' , becoming the first album to have five number-one singles on the Billboard Hot 100 . He continued to innovate with videos such as `` Black or White '' and `` Scream '' throughout the 1990s , and forged a reputation as a touring solo artist . Through stage and video performances , Jackson popularized a number of complicated dance techniques , such as the robot and the moonwalk , to which he gave the name . His distinctive sound and style has influenced numerous artists of various music genres .   Thriller is the best-selling album of all time , with estimated sales of 65 million copies worldwide . Jackson 's other albums , including Off the Wall ( 1979 ) , Bad ( 1987 ) , Dangerous ( 1991 ) , and HIStory ( 1995 ) , also rank among the world 's best-selling albums . He is recognized as the Most Successful Entertainer of All Time by Guinness World Records . Jackson is one of the few artists to have been inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame twice , and was also inducted into the Songwriters Hall of Fame and the Dance Hall of Fame as the only dancer from pop and rock music . His other achievements include multiple Guinness World Records , 13 Grammy Awards , the Grammy Legend Award , the Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award , 26 American Music Awards -- more than any other artist -- including the `` Artist of the Century '' and `` Artist of the 1980s '' , 13 number-one singles in the United States during his solo career -- more than any other male artist in the Hot 100 era -- and estimated sales of over 350 million records worldwide . Jackson won hundreds of awards , making him the most awarded recording artist in the history of popular music . He became the first artist in history to have a top ten single in the Billboard Hot 100 in five different decades when `` Love Never Felt So Good '' reached number nine on May 21 , 2014 . Jackson traveled the world attending events honoring his humanitarianism , and , in 2000 , the Guinness World Records recognized him for supporting 39 charities , more than any other entertainer .   Aspects of Jackson 's personal life , including his changing appearance , personal relationships , and behavior , generated controversy . In 1993 , he was accused of child sexual abuse , but the civil case was settled out of court for an undisclosed amount and no formal charges were brought . In 2005 , he was tried and acquitted of further child sexual abuse allegations and several other charges after the jury found him not guilty on all counts . While preparing for his comeback concert series , This Is It , Jackson died of acute propofol and benzodiazepine intoxication on June 25 , 2009 , after suffering from cardiac arrest . The Los Angeles County Coroner ruled his death a homicide , and his personal physician , Conrad Murray , was convicted of involuntary manslaughter . Jackson 's death triggered a global outpouring of grief , and a live broadcast of his public memorial service was viewed around the world . Forbes ranks Jackson the top-earning dead celebrity , with earnings of $ 825 million in 2016 , the highest yearly amount ever recorded by the publication .


Zootopia Zootopia ( known as Zootropolis in some territories ) is a 2016 American 3D computer-animated buddy comedy-adventure film produced by Walt Disney Animation Studios and released by Walt Disney Pictures . It is the 55th Disney animated feature film . The film was directed by Byron Howard and Rich Moore , co-directed by Jared Bush , and stars the voices of Ginnifer Goodwin , Jason Bateman , Idris Elba , Jenny Slate , Nate Torrence , Bonnie Hunt , Don Lake , Tommy Chong , J. K. Simmons , Octavia Spencer , Alan Tudyk , and Shakira . The film details the unlikely partnership between a rabbit police officer and a red fox con artist as they uncover a conspiracy involving the disappearance of savage predator inhabitants of a mammalian metropolis .   Zootopia premiered at the Brussels Animation Film Festival in Belgium on February 13 , 2016 , and went into general theatrical release in conventional 2D , Disney Digital 3-D , RealD 3D , and IMAX 3D formats in the United States on March 4 . The film received wide critical acclaim . It opened to a record-breaking box office success in several countries and earned a worldwide gross of over $ 1 billion , making it the fourth highest-grossing film of 2016 and the 28th highest-grossing film of all time . The film was chosen by the American Film Institute as one of the top ten films of 2016 , and won the Academy Award , Golden Globe , Critics ' Choice Movie Award and Annie Award for Best Animated Feature Film , as well as receiving a nomination for the BAFTA Award for Best Animated Film .


War Dogs (2016 film) War Dogs is a 2016 American biographical black comedy-drama film directed by Todd Phillips and written by Phillips , Jason Smilovic and Stephen Chin , based on a Rolling Stone article by Guy Lawson . Lawson then wrote a book titled Arms and the Dudes detailing the story . The film follows two arms dealers , Efraim Diveroli and David Packouz , who receive a US Army contract to supply munitions for the Afghan National Army worth approximately $ 300 million . The film is heavily fictionalized and dramatized , and some of its events , such as the duo driving through Iraq , were either invented or based on other events , such as screenwriter Stephen Chin 's own experiences .   The film stars Jonah Hill , Miles Teller , Ana de Armas and Bradley Cooper , who also co-produced . Filming began on March 2 , 2015 in Romania . The film premiered in New York City on August 3 , 2016 and was theatrically released by Warner Bros. . Pictures on August 19 , 2016 . It received mixed reviews from critics and grossed over $ 86 million . Hill received a Golden Globe nomination for his performance .


Bradley Cooper Bradley Charles Cooper ( born January 5 , 1975 ) is an American actor and producer . He was one of the world 's highest-paid actors for three years , and has been nominated for various accolades , including four Academy Awards , two BAFTA Awards and two Golden Globe Awards . Cooper appeared in Forbes Celebrity 100 on two occasions and Time list of 100 most influential people in the world in 2015 .   Cooper enrolled in the MFA program at the Actors Studio , New York City in 2000 . His career began with a guest role in the television series Sex and the City in 1999 and his film debut came two years later in Wet Hot American Summer . He first gained recognition as Will Tippin in the spy-action television show Alias ( 2001 -- 2006 ) , and achieved minor success with a supporting part in the comedy film Wedding Crashers ( 2005 ) . His breakthrough role came in 2009 with  The Hangover , a commercially successful comedy which spawned two sequels in 2011 and 2013 .   Cooper 's portrayal of a struggling writer in the thriller Limitless ( 2011 ) and a rookie police officer in the crime drama The Place Beyond the Pines ( 2012 ) drew praise from critics . He found greater success with the romantic comedy-drama Silver Linings Playbook ( 2012 ) , the black comedy crime film American Hustle ( 2013 ) , and the biopic American Sniper ( 2014 ) . For his work in these films , Cooper was nominated for Academy Awards -- two Best Actor , one Best Supporting Actor , and one Best Picture . Cooper became the tenth actor to receive an Academy Award nomination in three consecutive years . In 2014 , he portrayed Joseph Merrick in a Broadway revival of The Elephant Man , garnering a nomination for the Tony Award for Best Actor in a Play .


Pink Floyd was unable to be inducted into the UK Music Hall of Fame.

Pink Floyd Pink Floyd were an English rock band formed in London . They achieved international acclaim with their progressive and psychedelic music . Distinguished by their use of philosophical lyrics , sonic experimentation , extended compositions and elaborate live shows , they are one of the most commercially successful and influential groups in the history of popular music .   Pink Floyd were founded in 1965 by students Syd Barrett on guitar and lead vocals , Nick Mason on drums , Roger Waters on bass and vocals , and Richard Wright on keyboards and vocals . They gained popularity performing in London 's underground music scene during the late 1960s , and under Barrett 's leadership released two charting singles and a successful debut album , The Piper at the Gates of Dawn ( 1967 ) . Guitarist and vocalist David Gilmour joined in December 1967 ; Barrett left in April 1968 due to deteriorating mental health . Waters became the band 's primary lyricist and conceptual leader , devising the concepts behind their albums The Dark Side of the Moon ( 1973 ) , Wish You Were Here ( 1975 ) , Animals ( 1977 ) , The Wall ( 1979 ) and The Final Cut ( 1983 ) . The Dark Side of the Moon and The Wall became two of the best-selling albums of all time .   Following creative tensions , Wright left Pink Floyd in 1979 , followed by Waters in 1985 . Gilmour and Mason continued as Pink Floyd ; Wright rejoined them as a session musician and , later , a band member . The three produced two more albums -- A Momentary Lapse of Reason ( 1987 ) and The Division Bell ( 1994 ) -- and toured through 1994 . After nearly two decades of acrimony , Gilmour , Wright , and Mason reunited with Waters in 2005 to perform as Pink Floyd in London as part of the global awareness event Live 8 ; Gilmour and Waters later stated they have no plans to reunite as a band again . Barrett died in 2006 , and Wright in 2008 . The final Pink Floyd studio album , The Endless River ( 2014 ) , was recorded without Waters and based largely on unreleased material .   Pink Floyd were inducted into the American Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1996 and the UK Music Hall of Fame in 2005 . By 2013 , the band had sold more than 250 million records worldwide , including 75 million certified units in the United States .


Krysten Ritter played a role on a tv show.

American Broadcasting Company The American Broadcasting Company ( ABC ) is an American English language commercial broadcast television network that is owned by the Disney -- ABC Television Group , a subsidiary of the Disney Media Networks division of The Walt Disney Company . The network is headquartered on Columbus Avenue and West 66th Street in Manhattan , New York City . There are additional major offices and production facilities elsewhere in New York City , as well as in Los Angeles and Burbank , California .   Since 2007 , when ABC Radio ( also known as Cumulus Media Networks ) was sold to Citadel Broadcasting , ABC has reduced its broadcasting operations almost exclusively to television . The fifth-oldest major broadcasting network in the world and the youngest of the Big Three television networks , ABC is often nicknamed as `` The Alphabet Network '' , as its initialism also represents the first three letters of the English alphabet , in order .   ABC originally launched on October 12 , 1943 , as a radio network , separated from and serving as the successor to the NBC Blue Network , which had been purchased by Edward J. Noble . It extended its operations to television in 1948 , following in the footsteps of established broadcast networks CBS and NBC . In the mid-1950s , ABC merged with United Paramount Theatres , a chain of movie theaters that formerly operated as a subsidiary of Paramount Pictures . Leonard Goldenson , who had been the head of UPT , made the new television network profitable by helping develop and greenlight many successful series . In the 1980s , after purchasing an 80 % interest in cable sports channel ESPN , the network 's corporate parent , American Broadcasting Companies , Inc. , merged with Capital Cities Communications , owner of several print publications , and television and radio stations . In 1996 , most of Capital Cities/ABC 's assets were purchased by The Walt Disney Company .   The television network has eight owned-and-operated and over 232 affiliated television stations throughout the United States and its territories . Most Canadians have access to at least one U.S.-based ABC affiliate , either over-the-air ( in areas located within proximity to the Canada -- United States border ) or through a cable , satellite or IPTV provider , although most ABC programs are subject to simultaneous substitution regulations imposed by the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission that allow pay television providers to replace an American station 's signal with the feed of a Canadian broadcaster to protect domestic programming rights and advertising revenue . ABC News provides news and features content for select radio stations owned by Citadel Broadcasting , which purchased the ABC Radio properties in 2007 .


AMC (TV channel) AMC ( stylized as aMC ) is an American basic cable and satellite television channel that is owned by AMC Networks . The channel 's programming , similar to that of FXM , primarily consists of theatrically released films , along with a limited amount of original programming . The channel 's name originally stood for `` American Movie Classics '' , but since 2002 the full name has been de-emphasized as a result of a major shift in its programming .   As of July 2015 , AMC was received by approximately 94,832,000 households in the United States that subscribe to a pay television service ( 81.5 % of U.S. households with at least one television set ) . In March 2015 , Dish Network 's Sling TV announced it would soon begin making AMC channels available to cord cutters , including AMC , BBC America , IFC , SundanceTV , and WE tv .


Krysten Ritter Krysten Alyce Ritter ( born December 16 , 1981 ) is an American actress and former model . Ritter is known for her roles as Jessica Jones on the Netflix series of the same name , Jane Margolis on the AMC drama series Breaking Bad , and Chloe on the ABC comedy series Do n't Trust the B -- in Apartment 23 . She has appeared in films such as What Happens in Vegas ( 2008 ) , 27 Dresses ( 2008 ) , Confessions of a Shopaholic ( 2009 ) , She 's Out of My League ( 2010 ) , Veronica Mars ( 2014 ) , and Big Eyes ( 2014 ) . She has also appeared in roles in the television series Gilmore Girls , Gossip Girl , Gravity , 'Til Death , Veronica Mars , and The Blacklist .


Jessica Jones (TV series) Marvel 's Jessica Jones , or simply Jessica Jones , is an American web television series created for Netflix by Melissa Rosenberg , based on the Marvel Comics character of the same name . It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe ( MCU ) , sharing continuity with the films of the franchise , and is the second in a series of shows that will lead up to The Defenders crossover miniseries . The series is produced by Marvel Television in association with ABC Studios and Tall Girls Productions , with Rosenberg serving as showrunner .   Krysten Ritter stars as Jessica Jones , a former superhero who opens her own detective agency . Mike Colter , Rachael Taylor , Wil Traval , Erin Moriarty , Eka Darville , Carrie-Anne Moss , and David Tennant also star in season one . A version of the series was originally in development by Rosenberg for ABC in 2010 , which was eventually passed on . By late 2013 , Rosenberg reworked the series , when it reentered development for Netflix as A.K.A. Jessica Jones and Ritter was cast as Jones in December 2014 . Jessica Jones is filmed in New York City , in areas that still look like old Hell 's Kitchen .   All episodes of the first season premiered on November 20 , 2015 . They were released to critical acclaim , with critics noting Ritter 's and Tennant 's performances as well as the series ' noir tone , approach to sexuality , and depiction of darker topics such as rape , assault and posttraumatic stress disorder ( PTSD ) . In January 2016 , Netflix renewed Jessica Jones for a second season .


John Lennon was a songwriter for the Beatles.

John Lennon John Winston Ono Lennon , ( born John Winston Lennon ; 9 October 19408 December 1980 ) was an English guitarist , singer , and songwriter who co-founded the Beatles , the most commercially successful and musically influential band in the history of popular music . He and fellow member Paul McCartney formed a much-celebrated songwriting partnership .   Born and raised in Liverpool , Lennon became involved in the skiffle craze as a teenager ; his first band , the Quarrymen , first became the Silver Beatles , and finally , evolved into the Beatles in 1960 . When the group disbanded in 1970 , Lennon embarked on a sporadic solo career that produced albums including John Lennon/Plastic Ono Band and Imagine , and songs such as `` Give Peace a Chance '' , `` Working Class Hero '' , and `` Imagine '' . After his marriage to Yoko Ono in 1969 , he added `` Ono '' as one of his middle names . Lennon disengaged himself from the music business in 1975 to raise his infant son Sean , but re-emerged with Ono in 1980 with the new album Double Fantasy . He was murdered three weeks after its release .   Lennon revealed a rebellious nature and acerbic wit in his music , writing , drawings , on film and in interviews . Controversial through his political and peace activism , he moved to Manhattan in 1971 , where his criticism of the Vietnam War resulted in a lengthy attempt by Richard Nixon 's administration to deport him , while some of his songs were adopted as anthems by the anti-war movement and the larger counterculture .   By 2012 , Lennon 's solo album sales in the United States exceeded 14 million and , as writer , co-writer , or performer , he is responsible for 25 number-one singles on the US Hot 100 chart . In 2002 , a BBC poll on the 100 Greatest Britons voted him eighth and , in 2008 , Rolling Stone ranked him the fifth-greatest singer of all time . He was posthumously inducted into the Songwriters Hall of Fame in 1987 , and into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame twice , in 1988 as a member of the Beatles and in 1994 as a solo artist .


Lennon–McCartney Lennon -- McCartney was the songwriting partnership between English musicians John Lennon ( 9 October 19408 December 1980 ) and Paul McCartney ( born 18 June 1942 ) of the Beatles . It is one of the best known and most successful musical collaborations in history , with the Beatles selling over 600 million records , tapes and CDs as of 2004 . Between 1962 and 1969 , the partnership published approximately 180 jointly credited songs , of which the vast majority were recorded by the Beatles , forming the bulk of their catalogue .   Unlike many songwriting partnerships that comprise separate lyricist and composer , both Lennon and McCartney wrote words and music . Sometimes , especially early on , they would collaborate extensively when writing songs , working `` eyeball to eyeball '' as Lennon put it . Later , it became more common for one of the two credited authors to write all or most of a song with limited input from the other .   By an agreement made before the Beatles became famous , Lennon and McCartney were credited equally with songs that either one of them wrote while their partnership lasted . Lennon -- McCartney compositions have been the subject of numerous cover versions . According to Guinness World Records , `` Yesterday '' has been recorded by more artists than any other song . The Sunday Times called Lennon and McCartney the greatest composers since Ludwig van Beethoven .


The Beatles The Beatles were an English rock band formed in Liverpool in 1960 . With members John Lennon , Paul McCartney , George Harrison and Ringo Starr , they became widely regarded as the foremost and most influential act of the rock era . Rooted in skiffle , beat and 1950s rock and roll , the Beatles later experimented with several musical styles , ranging from pop ballads and Indian music to psychedelia and hard rock , often incorporating classical elements and unconventional recording techniques in innovative ways . In 1963 their enormous popularity first emerged as `` Beatlemania '' , and as the group 's music grew in sophistication in subsequent years , led by primary songwriters Lennon and McCartney , they came to be perceived as an embodiment of the ideals shared by the counterculture of the 1960s .   The Beatles built their reputation playing clubs in Liverpool and Hamburg over a three-year period from 1960 , with Stuart Sutcliffe initially serving as bass player . The core of Lennon , McCartney and Harrison went through a succession of drummers , including Pete Best , before asking Starr to join them in 1962 . Manager Brian Epstein moulded them into a professional act , and producer George Martin guided and developed their recordings , greatly expanding their popularity in the United Kingdom after their first hit , `` Love Me Do '' , in late 1962 . They acquired the nickname `` the Fab Four '' as Beatlemania grew in Britain the next year , and by early 1964 became international stars , leading the `` British Invasion '' of the United States pop market . From 1965 onwards , the Beatles produced increasingly innovative recordings , including the albums Rubber Soul ( 1965 ) , Revolver ( 1966 ) , Sgt. Pepper 's Lonely Hearts Club Band ( 1967 ) , The Beatles ( commonly known as the White Album , 1968 ) and Abbey Road ( 1969 ) . After their break-up in 1970 , they each enjoyed successful musical careers of varying lengths . McCartney and Starr , the surviving members , remain musically active . Lennon was shot and killed in December 1980 , and Harrison died of lung cancer in November 2001 .   The Beatles are the best-selling band in history , with estimated sales of over 600 million records worldwide . They have had more number-one albums on the British charts and sold more singles in the UK than any other act . According to the RIAA , the Beatles are also the best-selling music artists in the United States , with 178 million certified units . In 2008 , the group topped Billboard magazine 's list of the all-time most successful `` Hot 100 '' artists ; , they hold the record for most number-one hits on the Hot 100 chart with twenty . They have received ten Grammy Awards , an Academy Award for Best Original Song Score and fifteen Ivor Novello Awards . The group was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1988 , and all four were inducted individually from 1994 to 2015 . They were also collectively included in Time magazine 's compilation of the twentieth century 's 100 most influential people .


Almost all of the former colonies of France gained independence during the 60s.

France France ( -LSB- fʁɑ̃s -RSB- ) , officially the French Republic ( -LSB- ʁepyblik fʁɑ̃sɛz -RSB- ) , is a country with territory in western Europe and several overseas regions and territories . The European , or metropolitan , area of France extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea , and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean . Overseas France include French Guiana on the South American continent and several island territories in the Atlantic , Pacific and Indian oceans . France spans 643801 km2 and had a total population of almost 67 million people as of January 2017 . It is a unitary semi-presidential republic with the capital in Paris , the country 's largest city and main cultural and commercial centre . Other major urban centres include Marseille , Lyon , Lille , Nice , Toulouse and Bordeaux .   During the Iron Age , what is now metropolitan France was inhabited by the Gauls , a Celtic people . The area was annexed in 51 BC by Rome , which held Gaul until 486 , when the Germanic Franks conquered the region and formed the Kingdom of France . France emerged as a major European power in the Late Middle Ages , with its victory in the Hundred Years ' War ( 1337 to 1453 ) strengthening state-building and political centralisation . During the Renaissance , French culture flourished and a global colonial empire was established , which by the 20th century would be the second largest in the world . The 16th century was dominated by religious civil wars between Catholics and Protestants ( Huguenots ) . France became Europe 's dominant cultural , political , and military power under Louis XIV . In the late 18th century , the French Revolution overthrew the absolute monarchy , established one of modern history 's earliest republics , and saw the drafting of the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen , which expresses the nation 's ideals to this day .   In the 19th century Napoleon took power and established the First French Empire , whose subsequent Napoleonic Wars shaped the course of continental Europe . Following the collapse of the Empire , France endured a tumultuous succession of governments culminating with the establishment of the French Third Republic in 1870 . France was a major participant in the First World War , from which it emerged victorious , and was one of the Allied Powers in the Second World War , but came under occupation by the Axis Powers in 1940 . Following liberation in 1944 , a Fourth Republic was established and later dissolved in the course of the Algerian War . The Fifth Republic , led by Charles de Gaulle , was formed in 1958 and remains to this day . Algeria and nearly all the other colonies became independent in the 1960s and typically retained close economic and military connections with France .   France has long been a global centre of art , science , and philosophy . It hosts Europe 's fourth-largest number of cultural UNESCO World Heritage Sites and receives around 83 million foreign tourists annually , the most of any country in the world . France is a developed country with the world 's sixth-largest economy by nominal GDP and ninth-largest by purchasing power parity . In terms of aggregate household wealth , it ranks fourth in the world . France performs well in international rankings of education , health care , life expectancy , and human development . France remains a great power in the world , being one of the five permanent members of the United Nations Security Council with the power to veto and an official nuclear-weapon state . It is a leading member state of the European Union and the Eurozone . It is also a member of the Group of 7 , North Atlantic Treaty Organization ( NATO ) , Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development ( OECD ) , the World Trade Organization ( WTO ) , and La Francophonie .


Star Wars: Episode II – Attack of the Clones came out on Blu-ray disc.

Star Wars: Episode II – Attack of the Clones Star Wars : Episode II -- Attack of the Clones is a 2002 American epic space opera film directed by George Lucas and written by Lucas and Jonathan Hales . It is the second installment of the Star Wars prequel trilogy , and stars Ewan McGregor , Natalie Portman , Hayden Christensen , Ian McDiarmid , Samuel L. Jackson , Christopher Lee , Temuera Morrison , Anthony Daniels , Kenny Baker , and Frank Oz .   The film is set ten years after the events in Star Wars : Episode I -- The Phantom Menace . The galaxy is on the brink of civil war . Led by a former Jedi named Count Dooku , thousands of planetary systems threaten to secede from the Galactic Republic . After Senator Padmé Amidala evades assassination , Jedi apprentice Anakin Skywalker becomes her protector , while his mentor Obi-Wan Kenobi investigates the attempt on Padmé 's life . Soon Anakin , Padmé , and Obi-Wan witness the onset of a new threat to the galaxy , the Clone Wars .   Development of Attack of the Clones began in March 2000 , after the release of The Phantom Menace . By June 2000 , Lucas and Hales completed a draft of the script and principal photography took place from June to September 2000 . The film crew primarily shot at Fox Studios Australia in Sydney , Australia , with additional footage filmed in Tunisia , Spain and Italy . It was one of the first motion pictures shot completely on a high-definition digital 24-frame system .   The film premiered on May 16 , 2002 . Some critics hailed it as an improvement over The Phantom Menace , while the visual effects , costume design , musical score , and Ewan McGregor 's performance as Obi-Wan Kenobi were all praised . Despite this , critics lambasted the romance of Anakin and Padmé , the dialogue , most of the acting , and the film 's long runtime . The film received positive reviews and was a financial success ; however , it also became the first Star Wars film to be out-grossed in its year of release , placing only third domestically and fourth internationally . The film was released on VHS and DVD on November 12 , 2002 and was later released on Blu-ray on September 16 , 2011 . Following Attack of the Clones , the third and final film of the prequel trilogy , Star Wars : Episode III -- Revenge of the Sith , premiered in 2005 .


Blue whale The blue whale ( Balaenoptera musculus ) is a marine mammal belonging to the baleen whales ( Mysticeti ) . At up to 29.9 m in length and with a maximum recorded weight of 173 tonne and probably reaching over 181 tonnes ( 200 short tons ) , it is the largest animal known to have ever existed .   Long and slender , the blue whale 's body can be various shades of bluish-grey dorsally and somewhat lighter underneath . There are at least three distinct subspecies : B. m. musculus of the North Atlantic and North Pacific , B. m. intermedia of the Southern Ocean and B. m. brevicauda ( also known as the pygmy blue whale ) found in the Indian Ocean and South Pacific Ocean . B. m. indica , found in the Indian Ocean , may be another subspecies . As with other baleen whales , its diet consists almost exclusively of small crustaceans known as krill .   Blue whales were abundant in nearly all the oceans on Earth until the beginning of the twentieth century . For over a century , they were hunted almost to extinction by whalers until protected by the international community in 1966 . A 2002 report estimated there were 5,000 to 12,000 blue whales worldwide , in at least five groups . The IUCN estimates that there are probably between 10,000 and 25,000 blue whales worldwide today . Before whaling , the largest population was in the Antarctic , numbering approximately 239,000 ( range 202,000 to 311,000 ) . There remain only much smaller ( around 2,000 ) concentrations in each of the eastern North Pacific , Antarctic , and Indian Ocean groups . There are two more groups in the North Atlantic , and at least two in the Southern Hemisphere . As of 2014 , the Eastern North Pacific blue whale population had rebounded to nearly its pre-hunting population .


Kill Bill: Volume 2 denied a role to Uma Thurman.

Kill Bill: Volume 2 Kill Bill : Volume 2 is a 2004 American martial arts film written and directed by Quentin Tarantino . It stars Uma Thurman as the Bride , who continues her campaign of revenge against the Deadly Viper Assassination Squad ( Lucy Liu , Michael Madsen , Daryl Hannah and Vivica A. Fox ) and their leader Bill ( David Carradine ) , who tried to kill her and her unborn child .   Tarantino conceived Kill Bill as a homage to `` grindhouse '' cinema including martial arts films , samurai cinema , blaxploitation films , and spaghetti westerns . It is the second of two Kill Bill films produced simultaneously ; the first , Kill Bill : Volume 1 , was released in 2003 . The films were originally set for a single release , but the film , with a runtime of over four hours , was divided in two . Like Volume 1 , Volume 2 received positive reviews and was a commercial success .


The distribution of The Grey Album was jeopardized.

The Grey Album The Grey Album is a mashup album by Danger Mouse , released in 2004 . It mixes an a cappella version of rapper Jay-Z 's The Black Album with samples from The Beatles ' LP The Beatles , commonly known as `` The White Album '' . The Grey Album gained notoriety when EMI attempted to halt its distribution despite approval of the project from Jay-Z and the two surviving Beatles , Paul McCartney and Ringo Starr .


Hisense acquired at least one right in 2015.

Hisense Hisense Co. , Ltd. . is a Chinese multinational white goods and electronics manufacturer headquartered in Qingdao , Shandong province , China . It is a state-owned enterprise with publicly traded subsidiaries .   Hisense has two publicly traded companies , Hisense Electric Co Ltd , which is listed on the Shanghai Stock Exchange and Hisense Kelon Electrical Holdings Co Ltd , which is listed on the Shenzhen and Hong Kong stock exchanges and a number of other subsidiaries .   Hisense has 13 manufacturing facilities in China ( located in the provinces/cities of : Guangdong , Guizhou , Huzhou , Jiangsu , Liaoning , Linyi , Shandong , Sichuan , Yangzhou , Yingkou , Xinjiang , Zibo and the municipality of Beijing ) and several outside of China , namely in Hungary , South Africa , Egypt , Algeria , France and Mexico .   Hisense retails products under several brand names . These include Combine , Kelon and Ronshen , etc. . Hisense is also an OEM , so some of the products it makes are sold to other manufacturers and carry a brand name not related to Hisense . In 2015 it acquired the right to sell televisions in the Americas using the brand name of former Japanese firm Sharp . It also makes televisions under its own name as of 2013 .


Marilyn Manson (band) Marilyn Manson is an American rock band formed by singer Marilyn Manson and guitarist Daisy Berkowitz in Fort Lauderdale , Florida , in 1989 . Originally named Marilyn Manson & the Spooky Kids , they gained a local cult following in South Florida in the early 1990s with their theatrical live performances . In 1993 , they were the first act signed to Trent Reznor 's Nothing Records label . Until 1996 , the name of each member was created by combining the first name of an iconic female sex symbol and the last name of an iconic serial killer , for example Marilyn Monroe and Charles Manson . Their lineup has changed between many of their album releases ; the current members of Marilyn Manson are the eponymous lead singer ( the only remaining original member ) , bassist Twiggy Ramirez , guitarists Paul Wiley and Tyler Bates , keyboardist/percussionist Daniel Fox , and drummer Gil Sharone .   In the past , band members dressed in outlandish makeup and costumes , and engaged in intentionally shocking behavior both onstage and off . Their lyrics often received criticism for their anti-religious sentiment and references to sex , violence and drugs , while their live performances were frequently called offensive and obscene . On several occasions , protests and petitions led to the group being blocked from performing , with at least three US states passing legislation banning the group from performing at state-owned venues . They released a number of platinum-selling albums , including Antichrist Superstar ( 1996 ) and Mechanical Animals ( 1998 ) . These albums , along with their highly-stylized music videos and worldwide touring , brought public recognition to Marilyn Manson . In 1999 , news media falsely blamed the band for influencing the perpetrators of the Columbine massacre .   As this controversy began to wane throughout the 2000s , so did the band 's mainstream popularity . Despite this , Jon Wiederhorn of MTV , in June 2003 , referred to Marilyn Manson as `` the only true artist today '' . Marilyn Manson is widely regarded as being one of the most iconic and controversial figures in heavy metal music , with the band and its lead singer influencing numerous other groups and musicians , both in metal-associated acts and also in wider popular culture . VH1 ranked Marilyn Manson as the seventy-eighth best rock band on their 100 Great Artists of Hard Rock . They were inducted into the Kerrang ! Hall of Fame in 2000 , and have been nominated for four Grammy Awards . In the US , the band has seen eight of its releases debut in the top ten , including two number-one albums . Marilyn Manson have sold in excess of 60 million records worldwide .


John Cena is a Money in the Bank ladder match winner for 2012.

John Cena John Felix Anthony Cena Jr. ( -LSB- ˈsiːnə -RSB- born April 23 , 1977 ) is an American professional wrestler , rapper , actor , and reality television show host . He is signed to WWE , where he performs on the SmackDown brand . Cena started his professional wrestling career in 1999 with Ultimate Pro Wrestling ( UPW ) and won the UPW Heavyweight Championship the following year . Cena signed a developmental contract with the World Wrestling Federation ( WWF , later renamed to World Wrestling Entertainment , or simply WWE ) in 2001 , debuting on the WWE main roster in 2002 .   From a generic character in 2002 , Cena morphed into a rapper for the time period of 2002 -- 2004 , which earned him fame within the audience on SmackDown ! . Cena later transitioned to his current character , which he describes as a `` goody-two shoes Superman '' . However , Cena has been labeled as the `` most polarizing professional wrestler ever '' as his character has many supporters and many detractors , according to Jim Ross of Fox Sports , who also noted that Cena has been WWE 's franchise player for a long-time . In 2012 , IGN described Cena as WWE 's franchise player since 2005 and WWE credited Cena as being the `` face of WWE '' in 2015 since 2004 . Industry veterans John Layfield , Paul Heyman , and Kurt Angle have called Cena the greatest WWE star of all time .   Throughout his WWE career , Cena has won 25 championships , with 16 reigns as a world champion ( 13 times as WWE Champion and three times as WWE 's World Heavyweight Champion ) , an accomplishment only previously achieved by WWE Hall of Famer Ric Flair . He is also a five-time United States Champion , and four-time world tag team champion ( two World Tag Team and two WWE Tag Team ) . Furthermore , he is a Money in the Bank ladder match winner ( 2012 ) , a two-time Royal Rumble winner ( 2008 , 2013 ) , and a three-time Superstar of the Year Slammy Award winner ( 2009 , 2010 , 2012 ) . Cena has the fourth-highest number of combined days as WWE Champion , behind Bruno Sammartino , Bob Backlund , and Hulk Hogan . He has also headlined WWE 's flagship event , WrestleMania , on five different occasions ( WrestleManias 22 , 23 , XXVII , XXVIII , and 29 ) over the course of his career , as well as many others pay-per-view events . As of 2016 , John Cena is WWE 's highest-paid wrestler .   Outside of wrestling , Cena has released the rap album You Ca n't See Me , which debuted at No. 15 on the US Billboard 200 chart , and starred in the feature films The Marine ( 2006 ) , 12 Rounds ( 2009 ) , Legendary ( 2010 ) , The Reunion ( 2011 ) , Trainwreck ( 2015 ) , and Sisters ( 2015 ) . Cena has also made appearances on television shows including Manhunt , Deal or No Deal , MADtv , Saturday Night Live , Punk 'd , Psych , and Parks and Recreation . He was also a contestant on Fast Cars and Superstars : The Gillette Young Guns Celebrity Race , where he made it to the final round before being eliminated , placing third in the overall competition . Cena is also the host of American Grit on Fox . Cena is involved in numerous philanthropic causes ; most notably with the Make-A-Wish Foundation . He has granted the most wishes in Make-A-Wish history .


Catching Fire Catching Fire is a 2009 science fiction young adult novel by the American novelist Suzanne Collins , the second book in The Hunger Games trilogy . As the sequel to the 2008 bestseller The Hunger Games , it continues the story of Katniss Everdeen and the post-apocalyptic nation of Panem . Following the events of the previous novel , a rebellion against the oppressive Capitol has begun , and Katniss and fellow tribute Peeta Mellark are forced to return to the arena in a special edition of the Hunger Games .   The book was first published on September 1 , 2009 , by Scholastic , in hardcover , and was later released in ebook and audiobook format . Catching Fire received mostly positive reviews , with reviewers praising Collins ' prose , the book 's ending , and the development of Katniss 's character . According to critics , major themes of the novel include survival , authoritarianism , rebellion and interdependence versus independence . The book has sold more than 19 million copies in the U.S. alone .   A film adaptation , The Hunger Games : Catching Fire , was released on November 22 , 2013 .


Black Mirror Black Mirror is a British science fiction television anthology series created by Charlie Brooker and centred around dark and satirical themes that examine modern society , particularly with regard to the unanticipated consequences of new technologies . Episodes are standalone works , usually set in an alternative present or the near future . The show was first broadcast on the British Channel 4 , in 2011 . In September 2015 , Netflix commissioned a third season of 12 episodes . The commissioned episodes were later divided into two seasons of six episodes ; the third season was released on Netflix worldwide on 21 October 2016 .   Regarding the programme 's content and structure , Brooker noted , `` each episode has a different cast , a different setting , even a different reality . But they 're all about the way we live now -- and the way we might be living in 10 minutes ' time if we 're clumsy . '' The series has received critical acclaim and has seen an increase in interest internationally ( particularly in the US ) after being added to Netflix .


Anil Ambani Anil Dhirubhai Ambani is an Indian business magnate . He is the chairman of Reliance Group ( also referred to Reliance ADA Group ) which came into existence in June 2005 following a demerger from Reliance Industries Limited . He leads a large number of stock listed corporations including Reliance Capital , Reliance Infrastructure , Reliance Power and Reliance Communications . Ambani 's net worth was $ 3.3 billion according to the Forbes billionaire list in the year of 2016 .   His major business interests in entertainment includes 44 FM radio stations , nationwide DTH business , animation studios , and several multiplex cinemas throughout India .  He is married to former Bollywood actress , Tina Munim and has two sons Anmol and Anshul .   After the death of his father in 2002 , Anil Ambani took over the reins of Reliance Group with interests in Telecom , Entertainment , Financial Services , Power and Infrastructure .   In 2008 , Ambani is also credited with India 's largest IPO of Reliance Power which was subscribed in less than 60-second on offer , fastest in the history of Indian capital markets till date .   Ambani made his debut into the entertainment industry with an acquisition of a majority stake in Adlabs Films in 2005 , a company with interests in film processing , production , exhibition and digital cinema , the company was later renamed to Reliance MediaWorks in 2009 .   In 2008 a joint venture worth US$ 1.2 billion with Steven Spielberg 's production company DreamWorks cast Ambani 's entertainment business on to a global platform . Through this link he has contributed to the production of a number of films with Steven Spielberg , including the Academy Award winning film Lincoln in 2012 .


Mukesh Ambani Mukesh Dhirubhai Ambani ( born 19 April 1957 ) is an Indian business magnate who is the chairman , managing director and largest shareholder of Reliance Industries Limited ( RIL ) , a Fortune Global 500 company and India 's second-most valuable company by market value . He holds a 44.7 % stake in the company . RIL deals mainly in refining , petrochemicals , and in the oil and gas sectors . Reliance Retail Ltd. , another subsidiary , is the largest retailer in India .   He is the elder son of the late Dhirubhai Ambani and Kokilaben Ambani and the brother of Anil Ambani . In 2016 , he was ranked 38 , and is the only Indian businessman , on Forbes list of the world 's most powerful people . , Ambani has consistently held the title of India 's richest person on the magazine 's list for ten years . Through Reliance , he also owns the Indian Premier League franchise Mumbai Indians . In 2012 , Forbes named him one of the richest sports owners in the world . He resides at the Antilia Building , one of the world 's most expensive private residences . Its value is close to 1 billion dollars . , Ambani ranked fifth among India 's philanthropists , according to China 's Hurun Research Institute .   He has served on the board of directors of Bank of America and the international advisory board of the Council on Foreign Relations . He was the chairman of the board of Indian Institute of Management Bangalore , which is one of the leading business schools in India .


Ulysses S. Grant Ulysses S. Grant ( born Hiram Ulysses Grant ; April 27 , 1822 -- July 23 , 1885 ) was the 18th President of the United States ( 1869 -- 77 ) . As Commanding General ( 1864 -- 69 ) , Grant worked closely with President Abraham Lincoln to lead the Union Army to victory over the Confederacy in the American Civil War . Supported by Congress , Grant implemented Reconstruction , often at odds with President Andrew Johnson . Twice elected president , Grant led the Republicans in their effort to remove the vestiges of Confederate nationalism and slavery , protect African-American citizenship , and support economic prosperity . His presidency has often been criticized for tolerating corruption and for the economic depression in his second term .   Grant graduated in 1843 from the United States Military Academy at West Point , then served in the Mexican -- American War . After the war he married Julia Boggs Dent in 1848 , their marriage producing four children . Grant initially retired from the Army in 1854 . He struggled financially in civilian life . When the Civil War began in 1861 , he rejoined the U.S. Army . In 1862 , Grant took control of Kentucky and most of Tennessee , and led Union forces to victory in the Battle of Shiloh , earning a reputation as an aggressive commander . In July 1863 , after a series of coordinated battles , Grant defeated Confederate armies and seized Vicksburg , giving the Union control of the Mississippi River and dividing the Confederacy in two . After his victories in the Chattanooga Campaign , Lincoln promoted him to lieutenant general and Commanding General of the Army in March 1864 . Grant confronted Robert E. Lee in a series of bloody battles , trapping Lee 's army in their defense of Richmond . Grant coordinated a series of devastating campaigns in other theaters , as well . In April 1865 , Lee surrendered to Grant at Appomattox , effectively ending the war . Historians have hailed Grant 's military genius , and his strategies are featured in military history textbooks , but a minority contend that he won by brute force rather than superior strategy .   After the Civil War , Grant led the army 's supervision of Reconstruction in the former Confederate states . Elected president in 1868 , he stabilized the nation during that turbulent period , prosecuted the Ku Klux Klan , and enforced civil rights and voting rights laws using the army and the newly created Department of Justice . He also used the army to build the Republican Party in the South . After the disenfranchisement of some former Confederates , Republicans gained majorities , and African Americans were elected to Congress and high state offices . The Democrats and Liberal Republicans united behind Grant 's opponent in the presidential election of 1872 , but were unable to defeat his reelection . In his second term , the Republican coalitions in the South splintered and were defeated one by one as redeemers ( conservative whites ) regained control using coercion and violence . In response , Grant signed the Civil Rights Act of 1875 into law . In May 1875 , Grant authorized his Secretary of Treasury Benjamin Bristow to prosecute the corrupt Whiskey Ring . Grant 's Indian Peace Policy , incorporating Christian missionaries , initially reduced frontier violence , but it is best known for the Great Sioux War of 1876 . Grant 's administration faced charges of corruption more than that of any other 19th Century president . He appointed the first Civil Service Commission and signed legislation ending the corrupt moiety system .   In foreign policy , Grant was uneven , having sought to increase trade and influence while remaining at peace with the world . When Grant relied on his Secretary of State Hamilton Fish , his administration successfully resolved the Alabama claims by the Treaty of Washington with Great Britain , ending wartime tensions . Additionally , Grant and Fish avoided war with Spain over the Virginius Affair negotiating a peaceful resolution . Congress rejected Grant 's own attempted annexation of the Dominican Republic initiative , creating a rift among Republicans . His administration implemented a gold standard and sought to strengthen the dollar . Corruption charges escalated during his second term , while his response to the Panic of 1873 proved ineffective nationally in halting the five-year industrial depression that produced high unemployment , low prices , low profits , and bankruptcies . Grant left office in 1877 and embarked on a two-year diplomatic world tour that captured the nation 's attention .   In 1880 , Grant was unsuccessful in obtaining the Republican presidential nomination for a third term . Facing severe investment reversals and dying of throat cancer , he wrote his memoirs , which proved to be a major literary work and financial success . His death in 1885 prompted an outpouring in support of national unity . Historical assessment of Grant 's legacy has varied considerably over the years . Early historical evaluations were negative about Grant 's presidency , often focusing on the corruption charges against his associates . This trend began to change in the later 20th century . Scholars in general rank his presidency below the average , but modern research , in part focusing on civil rights , evaluates his administration more positively .


Dangerously in Love Dangerously in Love is the debut studio album by American singer Beyoncé . It was released on June 24 , 2003 , by Columbia Records and Music World Entertainment . During the recording of Destiny 's Child 's third studio album Survivor ( 2001 ) , the group announced that they would produce solo albums to be released . Recording sessions for the album took place from March 2002 to March 2003 at several studios , during the hiatus of her then-group Destiny 's Child . As executive producer of the album , Beyoncé took a wider role in its production , co-writing a majority of the songs , choosing which ones to produce and sharing ideas on the mixing and mastering of tracks .   The tracks in the album are a mixture of uptempo songs and ballads , which are basically inspired by R&B and soul genres ; it also features elements of hip hop and Arabic music . Although Beyoncé remained discreet about her interpretation of the songs , its underlying meanings were attributed by music writers as an allusion to her intimate relationship with then-boyfriend and well-known music mogul Jay-Z . Dangerously in Love received positive reviews from music critics upon its release , with critics praising Knowles ' `` artistic leap '' . The album also received numerous accolades , earning Beyoncé five Grammy Awards .   Dangerously in Love reached a worldwide commercial success , earning multi-platinum certifications in Australia , the United Kingdom , and the United States . The album debuted at number one on the US Billboard 200 chart , selling 317,000 copies in its first week , earning Beyoncé the highest debut sales among Destiny 's Child members ' solo albums . Dangerously in Love has sold over 11 million copies worldwide and has produced two number one Billboard singles and multiple top tens .


Oz the Great and Powerful was released through the Disney Digital 3-D format.

Oz the Great and Powerful Oz the Great and Powerful ( working title Brick ) is a 2013 American fantasy adventure film directed by Sam Raimi and produced by Joe Roth , from a screenplay written by David Lindsay-Abaire and Mitchell Kapner . The film stars James Franco as the titular character , Mila Kunis , Rachel Weisz , and Michelle Williams with Zach Braff , Bill Cobbs , Joey King , and Tony Cox in supporting roles . Based on L. Frank Baum 's Oz novels and set 20 years before the events of the original novel , Oz the Great and Powerful is a spiritual prequel to the 1939 Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer film , The Wizard of Oz . The film tells the story of Oscar Diggs , a deceptive magician who arrives in the Land of Oz and encounters three witches : Theodora , Evanora , and Glinda . Oscar is then enlisted to restore order in Oz , while struggling to resolve conflicts with the witches and himself .   Kapner began developing an origin story for the Wizard of Oz after a lifelong interest of wanting to create one for the character . Walt Disney Pictures commissioned the film 's production in 2009 , with Joe Roth as producer and Grant Curtis , Joshua Donen , Philip Steuer , and Palak Patel serving as executive producers . Raimi was hired to direct the following year . After Robert Downey Jr. and Johnny Depp declined the titular role , Franco was cast in February 2011 , with principal photography commencing five months later . Danny Elfman composed the film 's score .   Oz the Great and Powerful premiered at the El Capitan Theatre on February 14 , 2013 , and with general theatrical release on March 8 , 2013 , through the Disney Digital 3-D , RealD 3D and IMAX 3D formats , as well as in conventional theaters . It grossed over $ 493 million worldwide against a $ 215 million budget and is the thirteenth highest-grossing film of 2013 . The film won the Phoenix Film Critics Society Award for Best Live Action Family Film . Kunis , for her portrayal as the Wicked Witch of the West , won the MTV Movie Award for Best Villain .


George Clooney is a philanthropist and activist.

George Clooney George Timothy Clooney ( born May 6 , 1961 ) is an American actor , filmmaker , activist and philanthropist . He has received three Golden Globe Awards for his work as an actor and two Academy Awards , one for acting in Syriana ( 2006 ) and the other for co-producing Argo ( 2012 ) .   Clooney made his acting debut on television in 1978 , and later gained wide recognition in his role as Dr. Doug Ross on the long-running medical drama ER from 1994 to 1999 , for which he received two Primetime Emmy Award nominations . While working on ER , he began attracting a variety of leading roles in films , including the superhero film Batman & Robin ( 1997 ) and the crime comedy Out of Sight ( 1998 ) , in which he first worked with director Steven Soderbergh , who would become a long-time collaborator . In 1999 , he took the lead role in Three Kings , a well-received war satire set during the Gulf War .   In 2001 , Clooney 's fame widened with the release of his biggest commercial success , the heist comedy remake Ocean 's Eleven , the first of what became a trilogy starring Clooney . He made his directorial debut a year later with the biographical spy comedy Confessions of a Dangerous Mind , and has since directed the historical drama Good Night , and Good Luck ( 2005 ) , the sports comedy Leatherheads ( 2008 ) , the political drama The Ides of March ( 2011 ) , and the war film The Monuments Men ( 2014 ) .   Clooney won an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for the Middle East thriller Syriana ( 2005 ) , and subsequently earned Best Actor nominations for the legal thriller Michael Clayton ( 2007 ) and the comedy-dramas Up in the Air ( 2009 ) and The Descendants ( 2011 ) . In 2013 , he received the Academy Award for Best Picture for producing the political thriller Argo . He is the only person who has been nominated for Academy Awards in six different categories .   In 2009 , Clooney was included in Time annual Time 100 as one of the `` Most Influential People in the World '' . He is also noted for his political and economic activism , and has served as one of the United Nations Messengers of Peace since January 31 , 2008 . His humanitarian work includes his advocacy of finding a resolution for the Darfur conflict , raising funds for the 2010 Haiti earthquake , Armenian Genocide recognition , 2004 tsunami , and 9/11 victims , and creating documentaries such as Sand and Sorrow to raise awareness about international crises . He is also a member of the Council on Foreign Relations .


Pink Floyd was inducted into a hall of fame in 2005.

Pink Floyd Pink Floyd were an English rock band formed in London . They achieved international acclaim with their progressive and psychedelic music . Distinguished by their use of philosophical lyrics , sonic experimentation , extended compositions and elaborate live shows , they are one of the most commercially successful and influential groups in the history of popular music .   Pink Floyd were founded in 1965 by students Syd Barrett on guitar and lead vocals , Nick Mason on drums , Roger Waters on bass and vocals , and Richard Wright on keyboards and vocals . They gained popularity performing in London 's underground music scene during the late 1960s , and under Barrett 's leadership released two charting singles and a successful debut album , The Piper at the Gates of Dawn ( 1967 ) . Guitarist and vocalist David Gilmour joined in December 1967 ; Barrett left in April 1968 due to deteriorating mental health . Waters became the band 's primary lyricist and conceptual leader , devising the concepts behind their albums The Dark Side of the Moon ( 1973 ) , Wish You Were Here ( 1975 ) , Animals ( 1977 ) , The Wall ( 1979 ) and The Final Cut ( 1983 ) . The Dark Side of the Moon and The Wall became two of the best-selling albums of all time .   Following creative tensions , Wright left Pink Floyd in 1979 , followed by Waters in 1985 . Gilmour and Mason continued as Pink Floyd ; Wright rejoined them as a session musician and , later , a band member . The three produced two more albums -- A Momentary Lapse of Reason ( 1987 ) and The Division Bell ( 1994 ) -- and toured through 1994 . After nearly two decades of acrimony , Gilmour , Wright , and Mason reunited with Waters in 2005 to perform as Pink Floyd in London as part of the global awareness event Live 8 ; Gilmour and Waters later stated they have no plans to reunite as a band again . Barrett died in 2006 , and Wright in 2008 . The final Pink Floyd studio album , The Endless River ( 2014 ) , was recorded without Waters and based largely on unreleased material .   Pink Floyd were inducted into the American Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1996 and the UK Music Hall of Fame in 2005 . By 2013 , the band had sold more than 250 million records worldwide , including 75 million certified units in the United States .


Chuck Daly Lifetime Achievement Award Chuck Daly Lifetime Achievement Award is an annual award given by the National Basketball Association to a longtime NBA coach 's life in basketball and his `` standard of integrity , competitive excellence and tireless promotion '' of the game . The inaugural award winner was Tommy Heinsohn . The award is named after former NBA Head coach Chuck Daly .


National Basketball Association The National Basketball Association ( NBA ) is the major men 's professional basketball league in North America , and is widely considered to be the premier men 's professional basketball league in the world . It has 30 teams ( 29 in the United States and 1 in Canada ) , and is an active member of USA Basketball ( USAB ) , which is recognized by FIBA ( also known as the International Basketball Federation ) as the national governing body for basketball in the United States . The NBA is one of the four major professional sports leagues in the United States and Canada . NBA players are the world 's best paid athletes by average annual salary per player .   The league was founded in New York City on June 6 , 1946 , as the Basketball Association of America ( BAA ) . The league adopted the name National Basketball Association on August 3 , 1949 , after merging with its rival National Basketball League ( NBL ) . The league 's several international as well as individual team offices are directed out of its head offices located in the Olympic Tower at 645 Fifth Avenue in New York City . NBA Entertainment and NBA TV studios are directed out of offices located in Secaucus , New Jersey .


New York Knicks The New York Knickerbockers , commonly referred to as the Knicks , are an American professional basketball team based in New York City . The Knicks compete in the National Basketball Association ( NBA ) as a member of the Atlantic Division of the Eastern Conference . The team plays its home games at Madison Square Garden , located in the borough of Manhattan . They are one of two NBA teams located in New York City ; the other is the Brooklyn Nets . The team , established by Ned Irish in 1946 , was one of the founding members of the Basketball Association of America ( BAA ) , which became the NBA after merging with the rival National Basketball League ( NBL ) in 1949 . Along with the Boston Celtics , the Knicks are one of only two original NBA teams still located in its original city .   The Knicks were successful during their early years and were constant playoff contenders under the franchise 's first head coach Joe Lapchick . Beginning in 1950 , the Knicks made three consecutive appearances in the NBA Finals , all of which were losing efforts . Lapchick resigned in 1956 and the team subsequently began to falter . It was not until the late 1960s when Red Holzman became head coach that the Knicks began to regain their former dominance . Holzman successfully guided the Knicks to two NBA championships , in 1970 and 1973 . The Knicks of the 1980s had mixed success that included six playoff appearances ; however , they failed to participate in the NBA Finals .   The playoff-level Knicks of the 1990s were led by future Hall of Fame center Patrick Ewing ; this era was marked by passionate rivalries with the Chicago Bulls , Indiana Pacers , and Miami Heat . During this time , they were known for playing tough defense under head coaches Pat Riley and Jeff Van Gundy . During this era , the Knicks made two appearances in the NBA Finals , in 1994 and 1999 , though they were unable to win an NBA championship .   Since 2000 , the Knicks have struggled to regain their former glory . In 2012 -- 13 , the franchise won its first division title in 19 years , but was eliminated in the second round of the playoffs by the Indiana Pacers . According to a 2016 Forbes report , the Knicks were the most-valuable NBA franchise , worth approximately $ 3 billion .


Pat Riley Patrick James Riley ( born March 20 , 1945 ) is an American professional basketball executive , and a former coach and player in the National Basketball Association ( NBA ) . He has been the team president of the Miami Heat since 1995 and head coach in two separate tenures ( 1995 through 2003 , and 2005 through 2008 ) . Regarded as one of the greatest NBA coaches of all time , Riley has served as the head coach of five championship teams , four with the Los Angeles Lakers and one with the Heat .   He was named NBA Coach of the Year three times ( 1989 -- 90 , 1992 -- 93 and 1996 -- 97 , as head coach of the Lakers , New York Knicks and Heat , respectively ) . He was head coach of an NBA All-Star Game team nine times : eight times with the Western Conference team ( 1982 , 1983 , 1985 -- 1990 , all as head coach of the Lakers ) and once with the Eastern team ( 1993 , as head coach of the Knicks ) . In 1996 , he was named one of the 10 Greatest Coaches in the NBA history . As a player , he played for the Lakers ' championship team in 1972 . Riley most recently won the 2012 and 2013 NBA championships with the Heat as their team president . He is the first North American sports figure to win a championship as a player , coach ( both assistant and head ) , and executive . He received the Chuck Daly Lifetime Achievement Award from the NBA Coaches Association on June 20 , 2012 .


Miami Heat The Miami Heat are an American professional basketball team based in Miami . The Heat compete in the National Basketball Association ( NBA ) as a member of the league 's Eastern Conference Southeast Division . They play their home games at the American Airlines Arena in downtown Miami . The team owner is Carnival Corporation owner Micky Arison , the team president and general manager is Pat Riley , and the head coach is Erik Spoelstra . The mascot is Burnie , an anthropomorphic fireball .   Formed in 1988 as an expansion team , the Heat have won three league championships ( in 2006 , 2012 and 2013 ) , five conference titles and eleven division titles . In 2013 , the Heat won twenty-seven regular season games in a row , the third-longest streak in NBA history . In 2016 , Forbes valued the Heat at $ 1.3 billion as the tenth most valuable among NBA franchises .   The Heat are unrelated to the Miami Floridians , an American Basketball Association ( ABA ) team in the early 1970s , although the Heat have occasionally paid tribute to the older franchise by wearing a replica version of the Floridians ' uniforms for the NBA 's `` Hardwood Classics Nights '' during the 2005 -- 06 and 2011 -- 12 seasons .


Audrey Horne was introduced in a series.

Audrey Horne Audrey Horne is a fictional character from the ABC television series Twin Peaks , played by Sherilyn Fenn . The character was created by David Lynch . She was introduced in the pilot . The daughter of Ben ( Richard Beymer ) and Sylvia Horne , sister of Johnny Horne ( Robert Bauer ) and half-sister of Donna Hayward ( Lara Flynn Boyle ) , her storylines focused on her infatuation with the series protagonist Dale Cooper ( Kyle MacLachlan ) , infiltrating the brothel/casino One Eyed Jacks and becoming an activist through civil disobedience .


Pilot (Twin Peaks) The pilot episode , also known as Northwest Passage , of the mystery television series Twin Peaks premiered on the ABC Network on Sunday , April 8 , 1990 . It was written by series creators Mark Frost and David Lynch , and directed by Lynch . The pilot follows the characters of Dale Cooper and Harry S. Truman as they investigate the death of popular high school student Laura Palmer ; Cooper believes the murder has connections to a murder case that occurred a year earlier . In addition to setting the tone for the show , the episode sets up several character and story arcs and marked the appearance of several recurring characters . The episode received a strong Nielsen household rating compared to other season one episodes and was well received by fans and critics alike . The original title for the series was Northwest Passage , but this was later changed .


Gopi Sunder received an award for his work.

Gopi Sunder Gopi Sunder is a National Award-winning Indian musician , film score composer , programmer and singer . He has composed music for more than 5000 advertisements , programmed music for many major composers and composed the music for nearly 50 Indian films to date .   He has composed the background score and songs for films like Flash ( 2007 ) , Sagar Alias Jacky Reloaded ( 2009 ) , Anwar ( 2010 ) , Ustad Hotel ( 2012 ) , 1983 ( 2014 ) , Bangalore Days ( 2014 ) , Charlie ( 2015 ) , Thozha ( 2016 ) , Pulimurugan ( 2016 ) . He has also done the background score for Notebook ( 2006 ) , Big B ( 2007 ) , Mission 90 Days ( 2007 ) , Poi Solla Porom ( 2008 ) , Evidam Swargamanu ( 2009 ) , 1983 ( 2014 ) , Bangalore Days ( 2014 ) , Ennu Ninte Moideen ( 2015 ) , Charlie ( 2015 ) , Thozha ( 2016 ) , Devi ( 2016 ) , Pulimurugan '' ( 2016 ) .   He got his first Filmfare Award for Best Music Director in the 58th Filmfare Awards South for Anwar ( 2010 ) .


Taylor Swift released and recorded five studio albums.

Taylor Swift Taylor Alison Swift ( born December 13 , 1989 ) is an American singer-songwriter . One of the most popular contemporary female recording artists , she is known for narrative songs about her personal life , which has received much media attention .   Born and raised in Pennsylvania , Swift moved to Nashville , Tennessee at age 14 to pursue a career in country music . She signed with the independent label Big Machine Records and became the youngest artist ever signed by the Sony/ATV Music publishing house . Her eponymous debut album in 2006 peaked at number five on Billboard 200 and spent the most weeks on the chart in the 2000s . The album 's third single , `` Our Song '' , made her the youngest person to single-handedly write and perform a number-one song on the Hot Country Songs chart . Swift 's second album , Fearless , was released in 2008 . Buoyed by the pop crossover success of the singles `` Love Story '' and `` You Belong with Me '' , Fearless became the best-selling album of 2009 in the United States . The album won four Grammy Awards , with Swift becoming the youngest Album of the Year winner .   Swift was the sole writer of her 2010 album , Speak Now . It debuted at number one in the United States and the single `` Mean '' won two Grammy Awards . Her fourth album , Red ( 2012 ) , yielded the successful singles `` We Are Never Ever Getting Back Together '' and `` I Knew You Were Trouble '' . With her fifth album , the pop-focused 1989 ( 2014 ) , she became the first act to have three albums sell a million copies within one week in the United States . Its singles `` Shake It Off '' , `` Blank Space '' , and `` Bad Blood '' reached number one in the US , Australia , and Canada . The album received three Grammy Awards , and Swift became the first woman and fifth act overall to win Album of the Year twice . The 2015 eponymous concert tour for 1989 became one of highest-grossing of the decade .   As a songwriter , Swift has received awards from the Nashville Songwriters Association and the Songwriters Hall of Fame . She is also the recipient of ten Grammy Awards , five Guinness World Records , one Emmy Award , 21 Billboard Music Awards , 11 Country Music Association Awards , eight Academy of Country Music Awards , and one Brit Award . Swift is one of the best-selling artists of all time , having sold more than 40 million albums -- including 27.1 million in the US -- and 130 million single downloads . She has appeared in Time 100 most influential people in the world ( 2010 and 2015 ) , Forbes top-earning women in music ( 2011 -- 2015 ) , Forbes 100 most powerful women ( 2015 ) , and Forbes Celebrity 100 ( 2016 ) . She was the youngest woman to be included in the third of these and ranked first in Celebrity 100 .


Hopman Cup has been visited by his second wife Lucy.

Hopman Cup The Hopman Cup is an annual international eight-team indoor hardcourt tennis tournament held in Perth , Western Australia in early January ( sometimes commencing in late December ) each year , which plays mixed-gender teams on a country-by-country basis .   The championship is named in honour of Harry Hopman ( 1906 -- 1985 ) , an Australian tennis player and coach who guided the country to 15 Davis Cup titles between 1938 and 1969 . Since the Hopman Cup was founded in 1989 , it has been attended each year by Harry Hopman 's widow , his second wife Lucy , who travels to the tournament annually from her home in the United States .   The tournament is a sanctioned event in the calendar of the International Tennis Federation ( ITF ) , but while individual player results are tallied , they are not included in the calculation of tennis world rankings . The competition receives extensive television coverage in Australia and is an important lead-up tournament to the Australian Open each January as part of the Australian Open Series . The winning team receives a silver cup perpetual trophy and up to 2014 the winning team members were presented with distinctive individual trophies in the shape of a tennis ball encrusted with diamonds from the Argyle diamond mine in the Kimberley region of Western Australia . In 2014 and 2015 , the individual trophies were created in the shape of an intricate diamond encrusted tennis racket and ball , using just under an ounce of 18-carat white , yellow and rose gold and approximately half an ounce of pink argyle diamonds . These trophies are valued at $ 26,000 .   Until 2012 , the Hopman Cup was played at the Burswood Dome . Since 2013 , the Hopman Cup has been played at the Perth Arena .


Jennifer Garner is involved with Save the Children.

Jennifer Garner Jennifer Anne Garner ( born April 17 , 1972 ) is an American actress . Her breakthrough film debut was in the comedy Dude , Where 's My Car ( 2000 ) . Following a supporting role in Pearl Harbor , Garner gained recognition for her performance as CIA officer Sydney Bristow in the ABC spy-action thriller Alias , which aired from 2001 to 2006 . For her work on the series , she won a Golden Globe Award and a SAG Award and received four Emmy Award nominations .   While working on Alias , Garner gained a cameo role in Catch Me if You Can ( 2002 ) , followed by a praised leading performance in the romantic comedy film 13 Going on 30 ( 2004 ) . Garner has appeared in supporting as well as lead film roles including the superhero films Daredevil ( 2003 ) and Elektra ( 2005 ) , the comedy-drama Juno ( 2007 ) , and the fantasy romantic comedy The Invention of Lying ( 2009 ) . In the 2010s , she appeared in the romantic-comedy film Valentine 's Day , the fantasy comedy-drama film The Odd Life of Timothy Green ( 2012 ) , the biographical drama Dallas Buyers Club ( 2013 ) , and the comedy Alexander and the Terrible , Horrible , No Good , Very Bad Day ( 2014 ) .   Garner works frequently as an activist for early childhood education and is a board member of Save the Children . She is also an advocate for anti-paparazzi campaigns among children of celebrities . Garner had a five-year relationship with Scott Foley from 1998 to 2003 , during which they married . Garner married Ben Affleck in 2005 , with whom she has three children ; they separated in 2015 and filed for divorce in April 2017 .


Mithun Chakraborty started as a junior director.

Mithun Chakraborty Gourang Chakraborty ( born 16 June 1950 ) , better known by his stage name Mithun Chakraborty ; informally referred to as Mithun Da , is an Indian film actor , singer , producer , writer , social worker , entrepreneur and a Rajya Sabha Member of Parliament . He is the recipient of three National Film Awards . He made his acting debut with the art house drama Mrigayaa ( 1976 ) , for which he won his first National Film Award for Best Actor .   He began his career as a junior actor and went on to establish himself as one of the biggest stars in Bollywood . He is recognized as one of the best `` dancing-heroes '' in Bollywood with his `` Disco and Desi '' fusion-style dancing that is popular among the masses .   Chakraborty is best remembered for his role as Jimmy in the movie Disco Dancer which was a superhit in India and also in many other countries in the world , especially Russia . In Russia , Chakraborty and Raj Kapoor are the most popular Indian actors .   Besides ` Disco Dancer ' , Chakraborty is best remembered for his performance in films like Suraksha , Saahas , Wardat , Pyar Jhukta Nahi , Dance Dance and Agneepath .  In 1991 , he won the Filmfare Best Supporting Actor award for his role as Krishnan Iyer Nariyal paniwala for the movie Agneepath .   He later won two more National Film Awards for his performances in Tahader Katha ( 1992 ) and Swami Vivekananda ( 1998 ) . Chakraborty has appeared in more than 350 films including Bengali , Odia , Bhojpuri , Telugu and Punjabi pictures .   Chakraborty owns the Monarch Group , which has interests in the hospitality sector and educational sector . He has also started the production house Paparatzy Productions In 1992 , he along with Dilip Kumar and Sunil Dutt , set up a trust to help needy actors called Cine & T.V Artistes Association ( CINTAA ) . He was also the Chairperson of Film Studios Setting & Allied Mazdoor Union which take care the welfare of cine workers and resolve their demands and problems . The Television show Dance India Dance where Chakraborty is the Grandmaster has already entered in Limca Book of Records and Guinness World Records Chakraborty played a crucial role of mediator between Pranab Mukherjee and Mamata Banerjee , winning the Congressman the support of the Trinamool chief in the 2012 presidential election .   A comic book named Jimmy Zhingchak has been made based on Chakraborty .


Jenna Dewan Jenna Dewan Tatum ( -LSB- də ` wɑːn _ ` teɪtəm -RSB- born Jenna Lee Dewan ; December 3 , 1980 ) is an American actress and dancer . She began her career as a backup dancer for Janet Jackson , and later worked with artists including Pink , Missy Elliott , and Christina Aguilera . She is known for her role as Nora in the 2006 film Step Up . She has also starred on the short-lived NBC series The Playboy Club and had a recurring role on the FX series American Horror Story : Asylum . She was Freya Beauchamp on the Lifetime series Witches of East End and as of 2016 was playing the recurring role of Lucy Lane in Supergirl .


List of Witches of East End characters The following is a list of characters from the Lifetime supernatural drama , Witches of East End , based on the book of the same name by Melissa de la Cruz . The series centers on a family of immortal witches known as the Beauchamps : Joanna ( Julia Ormond ) and her daughters Freya ( Jenna Dewan-Tatum ) and Ingrid ( Rachel Boston ) , as well as her sister Wendy ( Mädchen Amick ) .


Rafael Nadal did not win any ATP World Tour 500 tournaments.

Rafael Nadal Rafael `` Rafa '' Nadal Parera ( -LSB- rəfəˈɛɫ nəˈðaɫ pəˈɾeɾə -RSB- , -LSB- rafaˈel naˈðal paˈɾeɾa -RSB- ; born 3 June 1986 ) is a Spanish professional tennis player . He is widely regarded as the greatest clay-court player in history , and owing to his dominance and success on the surface , he has been called `` The King of Clay '' . His evolution into an all-court threat has established him as one of the greatest players in tennis history , with some considering Nadal to be the greatest male player of all time .   Nadal has won 14 Grand Slam singles titles , the 2008 Olympic gold medal in singles , an all-time record of 30 ATP World Tour Masters 1000 titles , tied with Novak Djokovic , and a record 18 ATP World Tour 500 tournaments . He was also a member of the winning Spain Davis Cup team in 2004 , 2008 , 2009 , and 2011 . In 2010 , he became the seventh male player in history and youngest of four in the Open Era to achieve the Career Grand Slam at age 24 . He is the second male player , after Andre Agassi , to complete the singles Career Golden Slam . In 2011 , Nadal was named the Laureus World Sportsman of the Year . The left-hander is the sixth player in the Open Era to reach more than 100 finals on the ATP World Tour .   Nadal and Mats Wilander are the only two male players who have won at least two Grand Slam titles on three different surfaces -- hard court , grass , and clay . By winning the 2014 French Open , Nadal became the third player to win a single Grand Slam tournament nine times ( Martina Navratilova 9 , Margaret Court 11 ) and the first male to win at least one Grand Slam tournament for ten consecutive years , breaking the record of eight consecutive years previously shared by Björn Borg , Pete Sampras , and Roger Federer . By winning the Monte-Carlo Masters in 2012 , Nadal became the only male player in the open era to win a tournament eight consecutive times . Nadal is the only male player in tennis history to win one Grand Slam and at least one Masters 1000 title for ten consecutive years from 2005 -- 2014 . He beat Guillermo Vilas 's Open Era record of 49 clay-court titles by winning the Monte-Carlo Masters in 2017 . Nadal became the first man to win the same tournament 10 times by wining the Monte-Carlo Masters in 2017 . He repeated this historic achievement by winning the Barcelona Open Banco Sabadell for a 10th time just a few weeks later .


James Mangold is the director of Walk the Line.

James Mangold James Mangold ( born December 16 , 1963 ) is an American film and television director , screenwriter and producer . Films he has directed include Walk the Line , which he also co-wrote ; The Wolverine ; Logan ; Cop Land ; Girl , Interrupted ; Knight and Day ; and the 2007 remake 3:10 to Yuma . He also produced and directed pilots for the television series Men in Trees ( which ran from 2006 to 2008 ) NYC 22 ( 2011 -- 2012 ) and Vegas ( 2012 -- 2013 ) .


Everton F.C. is a team in the premier league.

Everton F.C. Everton F.C. -LSB- ˈɛvərtən -RSB- is a football club in Liverpool , England , that currently competes in the Premier League , the top flight of English football . The club have competed in the top division for a record 114 seasons and won the League Championship nine times , and the FA Cup five times .   Formed in 1878 , Everton were founding members of The Football League in 1888 and won their first League Championship two seasons later . Following four League Championship and two FA Cup wins , Everton experienced a lull in the immediate post World War Two period , until a revival in the 1960s , which saw the club win two League Championships and an FA Cup . The mid-1980s represented their most recent period of sustained success , with two League Championships , an FA Cup , and the 1985 European Cup Winners ' Cup . The club 's most recent major trophy was the 1995 FA Cup .   The club 's supporters are known as Evertonians . Everton have a rivalry with neighbours Liverpool , and the two sides contest the Merseyside derby . The club have been based at Goodison Park in Walton , Liverpool , since 1892 , after moving from Anfield following a row over its rent . The club 's home colours are royal blue shirts with white shorts and socks .


Sabrina Carpenter has a contract with a record label from the United States.

Sabrina Carpenter Sabrina Ann Lynn Carpenter ( born May 11 , 1999 ) is an American singer , songwriter and actress . She had a recurring role as the young version of Chloe Goodwin in The Goodwin Games and starred as Maya Hart in the Disney Channel series Girl Meets World . She is signed to Hollywood Records . Her debut EP Ca n't Blame a Girl for Trying was released in 2014 , and she has since released two full-length albums : Eyes Wide Open ( 2015 ) and Evolution ( 2016 )


Hollywood Records Hollywood Records is an American record label of the Disney Music Group , distributed by the Universal Music Group . The label focuses in pop , rock , alternative , hip hop , and country genres , as well as specializing in mature recordings not suitable for the flagship Walt Disney Records label . Founded in 1989 , its current roster includes artists such as Jordan Fisher , Zella Day , Demi Lovato , Queen , Zendaya , Ocean Park Standoff , Dreamers , Bea Miller , Martina Stoessel , Breaking Benjamin , Jorge Blanco , Sabrina Carpenter , R5 , The Young Wild , Olivia Holt , Sofia Carson , Forever in Your Mind , Grace Potter and the Nocturnals , Boy Epic , and Joywave . The label also releases Marvel Studios 's soundtrack and compilation albums in conjunction with Marvel Music .


Hannibal Hannibal Barca ( Punic language : ð $ ð $ ð $ ð $ ð $ ð $ ð $ `` ð $ ' , Q-R-B L-A - ' - A-B-N-Ḥ ; 247 -- between 183 and 181 BC ) , was a Carthaginian general , considered one of the greatest military commanders in history . His father Hamilcar Barca was the leading Carthaginian commander during the First Punic War . His younger brothers were Mago and Hasdrubal , and he was brother-in-la   Hannibal lived during a period of great tension in the Mediterranean Basin , when the Roman Republic established its supremacy over other great powers such as ancient Carthage and the Greek kingdoms of Macedonia , Syracuse , and the Seleucid Empire . One of his most famous achievements was at the outbreak of the Second Punic War , when he marched an army which included war elephants from Iberia over the Pyrenees and the Alps into Italy . In his first few years in Italy , he won three dramatic victories -- the Trebia , Lake Trasimene , and Cannae , in which he distinguished himself for his ability to determine his and his opponent 's strengths and weaknesses , and to play the battle to his strengths and the enemy 's weaknesses -- and won over many allies of Rome . Hannibal occupied much of Italy for 15 years but was unable to march on Rome . An enemy counter-invasion of North Africa forced him to return to Carthage , where he was decisively defeated by Scipio Africanus at the Battle of Zama . Scipio had studied Hannibal 's tactics and brilliantly devised some of his own , and finally defeated Rome 's nemesis at Zama , having previously driven Hannibal 's brother Hasdrubal out of the Iberian Peninsula .   After the war , Hannibal successfully ran for the office of sufet . He enacted political and financial reforms to enable the payment of the war indemnity imposed by Rome ; however , Hannibal 's reforms were unpopular with members of the Carthaginian aristocracy and in Rome , and he fled into voluntary exile . During this time , he lived at the Seleucid court , where he acted as military advisor to Antiochus III the Great in his war against Rome . Antiochus met defeat at the Battle of Magnesia and was forced to accept Rome 's terms , and Hannibal fled again , making a stop in the Kingdom of Armenia . His flight ended in the court of Bithynia , where he achieved an outstanding naval victory against a fleet from Pergamon . He was afterwards betrayed to the Romans and committed suicide by poisoning himself .   Hannibal is often regarded as one of the greatest military strategists in history and one of the greatest generals of Mediterranean antiquity , together with Philip of Macedon , Alexander the Great , Julius Caesar , and Scipio Africanus . Plutarch states that Hannibal was questioned by Scipio as to who was the greatest general , and Hannibal replied either Alexander or Pyrrhus , then himself , or , according to another version of the event , Pyrrhus , Scipio , then himself . Military historian Theodore Ayrault Dodge called Hannibal the `` father of strategy '' , because his greatest enemy , Rome , came to adopt elements of his military tactics in its own strategic arsenal . This praise has earned him a strong reputation in the modern world , and he was regarded as a great strategist by Napoleon and others .