The Republican Party once had a strong commitment to tariffs.

Republican Party (United States) The Republican Party , commonly referred to as the GOP ( abbreviation for Grand Old Party ) , is one of the two major contemporary political parties in the United States , the other being its historic rival , the Democratic Party . The party is named after republicanism , the dominant value during the American Revolution . Founded by anti-slavery activists , modernists , ex-Whigs , and ex-Free Soilers in 1854 , the Republicans dominated politics nationally and in the majority of northern States for most of the period between 1860 and 1932 .   There have been 19 Republican presidents , the most from any one party . The first was 16th president Abraham Lincoln , who served from 1861 to 1865 , when he was assassinated , and the most recent being 45th and current president Donald Trump , who took office on January 20 , 2017 .   The Republican Party 's current ideology is American conservatism , which contrasts with the Democrats ' more progressive platform ( also called modern liberalism ) . Further , its platform involves support for free market capitalism , free enterprise , fiscal conservatism , a strong national defense , deregulation , and restrictions on labor unions . In addition to advocating for conservative economic policies , the Republican Party is socially conservative , and seeks to uphold traditional values based largely on Judeo-Christian ethics . The GOP was strongly committed to protectionism and tariffs from its founding until the 1930s , when it was based in the industrial Northeast and Midwest . Since 1952 there has been a reversal against protectionism and the party 's core support since the 1990s comes chiefly from the South , the Great Plains , the Mountain States and rural districts in the North . as well as from conservative Catholics , Mormons , and Evangelicals nationwide .   As of 2017 , the Republican Party is documented as being at its strongest position politically since 1928 . In addition to holding the Presidency ( via Trump and Vice President Mike Pence ) , the Republicans control the 115th United States Congress , having majorities in both the House of Representatives and the Senate . The party also holds a majority of governorships ( 33/50 ) and state legislatures ( full control of 32/50 , split control of six others ) .


Samantha Robson was born on March 22, 1966.

Samantha Robson Samantha Jane Robson ( born 22 March 1966 in Wandsworth , London ) is an English actress who played WPC Vicky Hagen in The Bill from 1998 to 2001 . She has also appeared in Red Dwarf as Pete Tranter 's sister and Murder in Mind . Before working in television , she worked for eighteen months as a lap dancer under the name Shelley at For Your Eyes Only in north west London . Robson spent three seasons with the Royal Shakespeare Company .


Helena Bonham Carter is unable to act in movies.

Charlie and the Chocolate Factory (film) Charlie and the Chocolate Factory is a 2005 British-American musical fantasy film directed by Tim Burton and written by John August , based on the 1964 British novel of the same name by Roald Dahl . The film stars Johnny Depp as Willy Wonka and Freddie Highmore as Charlie Bucket . The storyline follows Charlie , who wins a contest and is along with four other contest winners , subsequently led by Wonka on a tour of his chocolate factory , the most magnificent in the world .   Development for another adaptation of Charlie and the Chocolate Factory ( filmed previously as Willy Wonka & the Chocolate Factory in 1971 ) began in 1991 , which resulted in Warner Bros. providing the Dahl Estate with total artistic control . Prior to Burton 's involvement , directors such as Gary Ross , Rob Minkoff , Martin Scorsese and Tom Shadyac had been involved , while actors Bill Murray , Nicolas Cage , Jim Carrey , Michael Keaton , Brad Pitt , Will Smith , Adam Sandler , and many others , were either in discussion with or considered by the studio to play Wonka .   Burton immediately brought regular collaborators Depp and Danny Elfman aboard . Charlie and the Chocolate Factory represents the first time since The Nightmare Before Christmas that Elfman contributed to a film score using written songs and his vocals . Filming took place from June to December 2004 at Pinewood Studios in the United Kingdom . Charlie and the Chocolate Factory was released to critical praise and was a box office success , grossing $ 475 million worldwide .


Helena Bonham Carter Helena Bonham Carter , ( born 26 May 1966 ) is an English actress . She is known for her roles in low-budget arthouse and independent films to large-scale Hollywood productions . She was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actress for her role as Kate Croy in The Wings of the Dove ( 1997 ) . For her role as Queen Elizabeth in The King 's Speech ( 2010 ) , she was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress and won the BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Supporting Role . She also won the 2010 International Emmy Award for Best Actress for her role as British author Enid Blyton in the TV film Enid ( 2009 ) .   Bonham Carter began her film career playing the title character in Lady Jane ( 1986 ) , and playing Lucy Honeychurch in A Room with a View ( 1986 ) . Her other film roles include Ophelia in Hamlet ( 1990 ) , Where Angels Fear to Tread ( 1991 ) , Howards End ( 1992 ) , Elizabeth Lavenza in Mary Shelley 's Frankenstein ( 1994 ) , Woody Allen 's Mighty Aphrodite ( 1995 ) , Fight Club ( 1999 ) , Bellatrix Lestrange in the Harry Potter series ( 2007 -- 11 ) , Terminator Salvation ( 2009 ) , Miss Havisham in Great Expectations ( 2012 ) , Madame Thénardier in Les Misérables ( 2012 ) , and The Fairy Godmother in Cinderella ( 2015 ) . She has frequently collaborated with director Tim Burton ; in Planet of the Apes ( 2001 ) , Big Fish ( 2003 ) , Corpse Bride ( 2005 ) , Charlie and the Chocolate Factory ( 2005 ) , Mrs. Lovett in Sweeney Todd : The Demon Barber of Fleet Street ( 2007 ) , Dark Shadows ( 2012 ) , and playing the Red Queen in Alice in Wonderland ( 2010 ) and its sequel Alice Through the Looking Glass ( 2016 ) . Her other television films include A Pattern of Roses ( 1983 ) , Fatal Deception : Mrs. Lee Harvey Oswald ( 1993 ) , Live from Baghdad ( 2002 ) , Toast ( 2010 ) , and Burton & Taylor ( 2013 ) .   She was made a Commander of the Order of the British Empire ( CBE ) in the 2012 New Year Honours list for services to drama , and in January 2014 , the British prime minister , David Cameron , announced that Bonham Carter had been appointed to Britain 's new national Holocaust Commission .


Dark Shadows (film) Dark Shadows is a 2012 American horror comedy film based on the gothic television soap opera of the same name , that was broadcast between 1966 and 1971 . The film was directed by Tim Burton and stars Johnny Depp , Michelle Pfeiffer , Helena Bonham Carter , Eva Green , Jackie Earle Haley , Jonny Lee Miller , Chloë Grace Moretz , and Bella Heathcote in a dual role . The film had a limited release on May 10 , 2012 , and was officially released the following day in the United States .   The film performed disappointingly at the US box office but did well in other foreign markets . The film received mixed reviews ; critics praised its visual style and consistent humor but felt it lacked a focused or substantial plot and developed characters . The film was produced by Richard D. Zanuck , who died two months after its release . It featured the final appearance of original series actor Jonathan Frid , who died shortly before its release . It was the 200th film appearance ( and the fifth appearance in a Tim Burton film ) of actor Christopher Lee .


Hamlet (1990 film) Hamlet is a 1990 drama film based on the Shakespearean tragedy of the same name , directed by Franco Zeffirelli and starring Mel Gibson as the eponymous character . The film also features Glenn Close , Alan Bates , Paul Scofield , Ian Holm , Helena Bonham Carter , Stephen Dillane , and Nathaniel Parker . An international co-production between the United States , the United Kingdom , and France , the film is notable for being the first film produced by Icon Productions , a company co-founded by Gibson .


Live from Baghdad (film) Live from Baghdad is a television movie produced in 2002 by HBO . It was directed by Mick Jackson and written by Robert Wiener based on Wiener 's book of the same title . The movie was released during the prelude stage of the Iraq War .   Michael Keaton stars as CNN on-location producer Robert Wiener in Baghdad , Iraq during the Persian Gulf War in 1991 . The movie focuses on the news media 's ( primarily CNN 's ) coverage of the war . Fundamentally an action -- drama , the characters grapple with the ethics and implications of 24-hour journalism in the days leading up to and during the United States-led bombing of Baghdad .


Fight Club Fight Club is a 1999 American film based on the 1996 novel of the same name by Chuck Palahniuk . The film was directed by David Fincher , and stars Brad Pitt , Edward Norton and Helena Bonham Carter . Norton plays the unnamed protagonist , referred to as the narrator , who is discontented with his white-collar job . He forms a `` fight club '' with soap maker Tyler Durden , played by Pitt , and they are joined by men who also want to fight recreationally . The narrator becomes embroiled in a relationship with Durden and a dissolute woman , Marla Singer , played by Bonham Carter .   Palahniuk 's novel was optioned by 20th Century Fox producer Laura Ziskin , who hired Jim Uhls to write the film adaptation . Fincher was one of four directors the producers considered , and was selected because of his enthusiasm for the film . Fincher developed the script with Uhls and sought screenwriting advice from the cast and others in the film industry . The director and the cast compared the film to Rebel Without a Cause ( 1955 ) and The Graduate ( 1967 ) . They said its theme was the conflict between a generation of young people and the value system of advertising . The director copied the homoerotic overtones from Palahniuk 's novel to make audiences uncomfortable and keep them from anticipating the twist ending .   Studio executives did not like the film and restructured Fincher 's intended marketing campaign to try to reduce anticipated losses . Fight Club failed to meet the studio 's expectations at the box office and initially received polarizing reactions from critics , becoming one of the most controversial and talked-about films of the year . Critics praised the acting , directing , themes and messages but debated the explicit violence and moral ambiguity . Over time , however , reception towards the film has become largely positive with critics and audiences , finding critical and commercial success with its DVD release , which established Fight Club as a cult film . It is now regarded by many as one of the greatest films of the 1990s .


Burton & Taylor Burton & Taylor is a BBC Four TV film directed by Richard Laxton , and based on the legendary acting duo and former husband and wife , Richard Burton and Elizabeth Taylor , during their preparation for a 1983 theatrical production of the play , Private Lives . The film stars Helena Bonham Carter and Dominic West in the title roles .


Cinderella (2015 Disney film) Cinderella is a 2015 American romantic fantasy film directed by Kenneth Branagh , with a screenplay written by Chris Weitz . The film is based on the eponymous folk tale and inspired in part by Walt Disney 's 1950 animated film . The film stars Lily James as the titular character with Richard Madden , Cate Blanchett , Stellan Skarsgård , Holliday Grainger , Derek Jacobi and Helena Bonham Carter . It is produced by David Barron , Simon Kinberg and Allison Shearmur for Walt Disney Pictures .   Cinderella had its world premiere on February 13 , 2015 , at the 65th Berlin International Film Festival and was released in theaters on March 13 , 2015 . It grossed over $ 543 million worldwide , becoming Branagh 's highest-grossing film to date , and received mostly positive reviews . The film received an Academy Award nomination for Best Costume Design at the 88th Academy Awards .


Howards End (film) Howards End is a 1992 British romantic drama film based upon the novel of the same name by E. M. Forster ( published in 1910 ) , a story of class relations in turn-of-the-20th-century England . The film -- produced by Merchant Ivory Productions as their third adaptation of a Forster novel ( following A Room with a View in 1985 and Maurice in 1987 ) -- was the first film to be released by Sony Pictures Classics . The screenplay was written by Ruth Prawer Jhabvala , directed by James Ivory and produced by Ismail Merchant .   Howards End was entered as Official selection for Cannes International Film Festival and won 45th Anniversary Award . In 1993 , the film received nine Academy Award nominations , including Best Picture for Ismail Merchant and Best Director for James Ivory . The film won three awards , including for Best Art Direction ( Luciana Arrighi and Ian Whittaker ) . Ruth Prawer Jhabvala earned her second Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay , while Emma Thompson won the 1992 Academy Award for Best Actress .


Planet of the Apes (2001 film) Planet of the Apes is a 2001 American science fiction film directed by Tim Burton and starring Mark Wahlberg , Tim Roth , Helena Bonham Carter , Michael Clarke Duncan , Paul Giamatti , and Estella Warren . The sixth film produced in the Planet of the Apes franchise , it was loosely adapted from Pierre Boulle 's 1963 novel of the same name and the 1968 film version . It tells the story of astronaut Leo Davidson crash-landing on a planet inhabited by intelligent apes . The apes treat humans as slaves , but with the help of an ape named Ari , Leo starts a rebellion .   Development for a Planet of the Apes remake started as far back as 1988 with Adam Rifkin . His project nearly reached the pre-production stage before being canceled . Terry Hayes 's script , titled Return of the Apes , would have starred Arnold Schwarzenegger , under the direction of Phillip Noyce . Oliver Stone , Don Murphy , and Jane Hamsher were set to produce . Creative differences ensued between Hayes and financier/distributor 20th Century Fox . Chris Columbus , Sam Hamm , James Cameron , Peter Jackson , and the Hughes brothers later became involved .   With William Broyles , Jr. 's script , Burton was hired as director , and the film was put into active development . Lawrence Konner and Mark Rosenthal rewrote the script , and filming took place from November 2000 to April 2001 . Planet of the Apes was released to mixed reviews , but was a financial success . Much criticism focused on the confusing plot and ending , although Rick Baker 's prosthetic makeup designs were praised . Despite its financial success , 20th Century Fox chose not to produce a sequel , and later rebooted the franchise in 2011 with Rise of the Planet of the Apes .


Great Expectations (2012 film) Great Expectations is a 2012 British film adaptation of Charles Dickens ' novel of the same name . The film was directed by Mike Newell , with the adapted screenplay by David Nicholls , and stars Jeremy Irvine , Helena Bonham Carter , Holliday Grainger , Ralph Fiennes and Robbie Coltrane . It was distributed by Lionsgate .   Nicholls adapted the screenplay after being asked to work on it by producers Elizabeth Karlsen and Stephen Woolley , with whom he had worked on And When Did You Last See Your Father ? . Helena Bonham Carter was asked to appear as Miss Havisham by Newell , and accepted the role after some initial apprehension , while Irvine was initially intimidated by the thought of appearing on screen as Pip .   The premiere of the film closed the BFI London Film Festival in 2012 , although it had already been previewed earlier in the year at the Toronto International Film Festival . It was released in the UK on 30 November 2012 .


The Wings of the Dove (1997 film) The Wings of the Dove is a 1997 British-American romantic drama film directed by Iain Softley and starring Helena Bonham Carter , Linus Roache , and Alison Elliott . The screenplay by Hossein Amini is based on the 1902 novel of the same name by Henry James . The film was nominated for four Academy Awards and five BAFTAs , recognizing Bonham Carter 's performance , the screenplay , costume design and the cinematography .


Lady Jane (1986 film) Lady Jane is a 1986 British costume drama romance film directed by Trevor Nunn , written by David Edgar , and starring Helena Bonham Carter as the title character . It tells the story of Lady Jane Grey , the Nine Days ' Queen , on her reign and romance with husband Lord Guildford Dudley . The film features several members of The Royal Shakespeare Company .   The story had previously been turned into a 1936 film Tudor Rose .


Where Angels Fear to Tread (film) Where Angels Fear to Tread is a 1991 British drama film directed by Charles Sturridge . The screenplay by Sturridge , Tim Sullivan , and Derek Granger is based on the 1905 novel of the same title by E. M. Forster .


Mighty Aphrodite Mighty Aphrodite is a 1995 American romantic comedy film written , directed by , and co-starring Woody Allen , alongside Mira Sorvino , Helena Bonham Carter , Michael Rapaport , and F. Murray Abraham . The screenplay was inspired by the story of Pygmalion and is about Lenny Weinrib 's ( Allen ) search for his genius adopted son 's biological mother , ultimately finding that she is a dim-witted prostitute named Linda Ash ( Sorvino ) .   While critical reception of Mighty Aphrodite overall was mildly positive , Sorvino was widely praised for her performance , winning the 1995 Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress , as well as a Golden Globe Award , New York Film Critics Circle Award , Critics ' Choice Movie Award , National Board of Review Award , and a Dallas -- Fort Worth Film Critics Association Award .


Terminator Salvation Terminator Salvation is a 2009 American post-apocalyptic science fiction war film directed by McG and starring Christian Bale and Sam Worthington . It is the fourth installment of the Terminator franchise . In a departure from the previous installments , which were set between 1984 and 2003 and used time travel as a key plot element , Salvation is a post-apocalyptic film set in the year 2018 , fifteen years after the events of Terminator 3 : Rise of the Machines . It focuses on the war between Skynet 's machine network and humanity ; the remnants of the world 's military have organized as the Resistance , fighting against Skynet 's killing machines . Bale portrays John Connor , Resistance fighter and central character to the franchise , while Worthington portrays cyborg Marcus Wright . Terminator Salvation also featured Anton Yelchin as a young Kyle Reese , a character first introduced in The Terminator , and the film depicts the origin of the T-800 ( Model 101 ) Terminator .   After a troubled pre-production , with The Halcyon Company acquiring the rights for the franchise from Andrew G. Vajna and Mario Kassar and several writers working on the screenplay , filming began in May 2008 in New Mexico and ran for 77 days . Terminator Salvation was released on May 21 , 2009 in the United States and Canada , followed by early June releases in the United Kingdom , Australia , New Zealand , and South Africa . Warner Bros. handled the North American release while Columbia Pictures handled the international release . The film grossed over $ 371 million worldwide and met with mixed reviews . A reboot of the film franchise occurred with the release of Terminator Genisys in 2015 .


Helena Bonham Carter is unable to act in movies.

A Room with a View (1985 film) A Room with a View is a 1985 British romance film , directed by James Ivory and produced by Ismail Merchant , of E. M. Forster 's 1908 novel of the same name . The film closely follows the novel by use of the chapter titles to section the film into thematic segments . Set in England and Italy , it is about a young woman named Lucy Honeychurch in the restrictive and repressed culture of Edwardian era England and her developing love for free-spirited young George Emerson . It stars Helena Bonham Carter as Lucy , Julian Sands as George and Maggie Smith , Denholm Elliott , Daniel Day-Lewis , Judi Dench and Simon Callow in supporting roles .   The film was a success at the box office as well as receiving universal critical acclaim . At the 59th Academy Awards it was nominated for eight awards including Best Picture , winning three ; Best Adapted Screenplay , Best Art Direction and Best Costume Design . It also won five British Academy Film Awards and one Golden Globe Award . In 1999 the British Film Institute voted A Room with a View the 73rd greatest British film of the 20th Century .


Corpse Bride Corpse Bride is a 2005 British-American stop-motion-animated musical fantasy film directed by Mike Johnson and Tim Burton with a screenplay by John August , Caroline Thompson and Pamela Pettler based on characters created by Burton and Carlos Grangel . The plot is set in a fictional Victorian era village in Europe . Johnny Depp leads the cast as the voice of Victor , while Helena Bonham Carter voices Emily , the titular bride . Corpse Bride is the third stop-motion feature film produced by Burton and the first directed by him ( the previous two films , The Nightmare Before Christmas and James and the Giant Peach , were directed by Henry Selick ) . This is also the first stop-motion feature from Burton that was distributed by Warner Bros. . Pictures . It was dedicated to executive producer Joe Ranft , who died during production .   The film was a critical and commercial success and was nominated for the 78th Academy Awards for Best Animated Feature , but lost to Wallace & Gromit : The Curse of the Were-Rabbit , which also starred Bonham Carter . It was shot with Canon EOS-1D Mark II digital SLRs , rather than the 35mm film cameras used for Burton 's previous stop-motion film The Nightmare Before Christmas ( 1993 ) .


Big Fish Big Fish is a 2003 American fantasy comedy-drama film based on the 1998 novel of the same name by Daniel Wallace . The film was directed by Tim Burton and stars Ewan McGregor , Albert Finney , Billy Crudup , Jessica Lange , and Marion Cotillard . Other roles are performed by Steve Buscemi , Helena Bonham Carter , Matthew McGrory , and Danny DeVito among others . Edward Bloom ( Finney ) , a former traveling salesman in the Southern United States with a gift for storytelling , is now confined to his deathbed . Will ( Crudup ) , his estranged son , attempts to mend their relationship as Bloom relates tall tales of his eventful life as a young adult ( portrayed by Ewan McGregor in the flashback scenes ) .   Screenwriter John August read a manuscript of the novel six months before it was published and convinced Columbia Pictures to acquire the rights . August began adapting the novel while producers negotiated with Steven Spielberg who planned to direct after finishing Minority Report ( 2002 ) . Spielberg considered Jack Nicholson for the role of Edward Bloom , but eventually dropped the project to focus on Catch Me If You Can ( 2002 ) . Tim Burton and Richard D. Zanuck took over after completing Planet of the Apes ( 2001 ) and brought Ewan McGregor and Albert Finney on board .   The film 's theme of reconciliation between a dying father and his son had special significance for Burton , as his father had died in 2000 and his mother in 2002 , a month before he signed on to direct . Big Fish was shot on location in Alabama in a series of fairy tale vignettes evoking the tone of a Southern Gothic fantasy . The film received award nominations in multiple film categories , including four Golden Globe Award nominations , seven nominations from the British Academy of Film and Television Arts , two Saturn Award nominations , and an Oscar and a Grammy Award nomination for Danny Elfman 's original score .


Alice in Wonderland (2010 film) Alice in Wonderland is a 2010 American fantasy adventure film directed by Tim Burton from a screenplay written by Linda Woolverton . The film stars Johnny Depp , Anne Hathaway , Helena Bonham Carter , Crispin Glover , Matt Lucas and Mia Wasikowska and features the voices of Alan Rickman , Stephen Fry , Michael Sheen and Timothy Spall . Based on Lewis Carroll 's fantasy novels , Alice 's Adventures in Wonderland and Through the Looking-Glass , and inspired by Walt Disney 's 1951 animated film of the same name , the film tells the story of a nineteen-year-old Alice Kingsleigh , who is told that she can restore the White Queen to her throne , with the help of the Mad Hatter . She is the only one who can slay the Jabberwocky , a dragon-like creature that is controlled by the Red Queen and terrorizes Underland 's inhabitants .   The film was produced by Walt Disney Pictures and shot in the United Kingdom and the United States . The film premiered in London at the Odeon Leicester Square on February 25 , 2010 , and was released in Australia on March 4 , 2010 , and the following day in the United Kingdom and the United States through the Disney Digital 3D , RealD 3D , and IMAX 3D formats as well as in conventional theaters .   Alice in Wonderland received mixed reviews upon release ; although praised for its visual style and special effects , the film was criticized for its lack of narrative coherence and overuse of computer-generated imagery ( CGI ) . At the 83rd Academy Awards , Alice in Wonderland won Best Art Direction and Best Costume Design , and was also nominated for Best Visual Effects . The film generated over $ 1 billion in ticket sales and became the fifth-highest-grossing film of all time during its theatrical run .   The film started a trend of live-action fairy tale and fantasy films being green-lit , particularly from Walt Disney Studios and is known for being the first live-action Disney adaptation since 1994 's The Jungle Book and 1996 's 101 Dalmatians along with its 2000 sequel .   A sequel , titled Alice Through the Looking Glass , was released on May 27 , 2016 .


Alice Through the Looking Glass (2016 film) Alice Through the Looking Glass is a 2016 American fantasy adventure film directed by James Bobin , written by Linda Woolverton and produced by Tim Burton , Joe Roth , Suzanne Todd and Jennifer Todd . It is based on the characters created by Lewis Carroll and is the sequel to the 2010 film Alice in Wonderland . The film stars Johnny Depp , Anne Hathaway , Mia Wasikowska , Matt Lucas , Rhys Ifans , Helena Bonham Carter and Sacha Baron Cohen and features the voices of Stephen Fry , Michael Sheen , Timothy Spall and Alan Rickman , in his final film role .   In the film , Alice comes across a magical looking glass that takes her back to Wonderland , where she finds that the Mad Hatter is acting madder than usual and wants to discover the truth about his family . Alice then travels through time ( with the `` Chronosphere '' ) , comes across friends and enemies at different points of their lives , and embarks on a race to save the Hatter before time runs out .   The film premiered in London on May 10 , 2016 , and was theatrically released by Walt Disney Pictures on May 27 , 2016 . It under-performed at the box office in comparison with the first film 's gross .


The Chronicles of Narnia is a series from Walden Media.

The Chronicles of Narnia (film series) The Chronicles of Narnia is a series of fantasy films from Walden Media , based on The Chronicles of Narnia , a series of novels by C. S. Lewis . From the seven novels , there have been three film adaptations so far -- The Lion , the Witch and the Wardrobe ( 2005 ) , Prince Caspian ( 2008 ) and The Voyage of the Dawn Treader ( 2010 ) -- which have grossed over $ 1.5 billion worldwide among them .   The series revolves around the adventures of children in the world of Narnia , guided by Aslan , a wise and powerful lion that can speak and is the true king of Narnia . The children heavily featured in the films are the Pevensie siblings , and a prominent antagonist is the White Witch ( also known as Jadis ) .   The first two films were directed by Andrew Adamson and the third film was directed by Michael Apted . The fourth film will be directed by Joe Johnston .


Egypt Egypt ( -LSB- ˈiːdʒɪpt -RSB- ; مِصر , مَصر , Kimi ) , officially the Arab Republic of Egypt , is a transcontinental country spanning the northeast corner of Africa and southwest corner of Asia by a land bridge formed by the Sinai Peninsula . Egypt is a Mediterranean country bordered by the Gaza Strip and Israel to the northeast , the Gulf of Aqaba to the east , the Red Sea to the east and south , Sudan to the south , and Libya to the west . Across the Gulf of Aqaba lies Jordan , and across from the Sinai Peninsula lies Saudi Arabia , although Jordan and Saudi Arabia do not share a land border with Egypt .   Egypt has one of the longest histories of any modern country , emerging as one of the world 's first nation states in the tenth millennium BC . Considered a cradle of civilisation , Ancient Egypt experienced some of the earliest developments of writing , agriculture , urbanisation , organised religion and central government . Iconic monuments such as the Giza Necropolis and its Great Sphinx , as well the ruins of Memphis , Thebes , Karnak , and the Valley of the Kings , reflect this legacy and remain a significant focus of archaeological study and popular interest worldwide . Egypt 's rich cultural heritage is an integral part of its national identity , which has endured , and at times assimilated , various foreign influences , including Greek , Persian , Roman , Arab , Ottoman , and European . One of the earliest centres of Christianity , Egypt was Islamised in the seventh century and remains a predominantly Muslim country , albeit with a significant Christian minority .   With over 92 million inhabitants , Egypt is the most populous country in North Africa and the Arab world , the third-most populous in Africa ( after Nigeria and Ethiopia ) , and the fifteenth-most populous in the world . The great majority of its people live near the banks of the Nile River , an area of about 40000 km2 , where the only arable land is found . The large regions of the Sahara desert , which constitute most of Egypt 's territory , are sparsely inhabited . About half of Egypt 's residents live in urban areas , with most spread across the densely populated centres of greater Cairo , Alexandria and other major cities in the Nile Delta .   Modern Egypt is considered to be a regional and middle power , with significant cultural , political , and military influence in North Africa , the Middle East and the Muslim world . Egypt 's economy is one of the largest and most diversified in the Middle East , and is projected to become one of the largest in the 21st century . Egypt is a member of the United Nations , Non-Aligned Movement , Arab League , African Union , and Organisation of Islamic Cooperation .


Indianapolis Colts The Indianapolis Colts are an American football team based in Indianapolis . The Colts compete in the National Football League ( NFL ) as a member club of the league 's American Football Conference ( AFC ) South division . Since the 2008 season , the Colts have played their games in Lucas Oil Stadium . Previously , the team had played for over two decades ( 1984 -- 2007 ) at the RCA Dome . Since 1986 , the Colts have been the host team for the NFL Scouting Combine .   The Colts have been a member club of the NFL since their founding in 1953 in Baltimore . The Colts were one of three NFL teams to join the teams of the American Football League ( AFL ) to form the AFC following the 1970 merger . While in Baltimore , the team advanced to the playoffs 10 times and won three NFL Championship games : in 1958 , 1959 , and 1968 . The Colts played in two Super Bowl games while it was based in Baltimore , losing to the New York Jets in Super Bowl III , while defeating the Dallas Cowboys in Super Bowl V . The Colts relocated to Indianapolis in 1984 and have since appeared in the playoffs 16 times , won two conference championships , and won one Super Bowl , defeating the Chicago Bears in Super Bowl XLI .


Peyton Manning Peyton Williams Manning ( born March 24 , 1976 ) is a former American football quarterback who played 18 seasons in the National Football League ( NFL ) , primarily with the Indianapolis Colts . Considered to be one of the greatest quarterbacks of all time , he spent 14 seasons with the Colts and was a member of the Denver Broncos in his last four seasons . Manning played college football for the University of Tennessee , leading the Tennessee Volunteers to the 1997 SEC Championship in his senior season . He is the second son of former NFL quarterback Archie Manning and older brother of New York Giants quarterback Eli Manning .   Manning was selected by the Indianapolis Colts as the first overall pick in the 1998 NFL Draft . From 1998 to 2010 , he improved the fortunes of the struggling Colts franchise and helped transform them into playoff contenders . During his tenure as starting quarterback , Manning led the team to eight division championships , two AFC championships , and one Super Bowl title , the franchise 's first in over three decades , as well as their first since relocating to Indianapolis .   After undergoing neck surgery that forced him to miss the entire 2011 season , Manning was released by the Colts and signed with the Denver Broncos . Serving as the team 's starting quarterback from 2012 to 2015 , he contributed to the Broncos reaching the top of their division each year and his playing career concluded with a victory in Super Bowl 50 .   Manning holds many NFL records , including passing yards ( 71,940 ) , touchdown passes ( 539 ) , AP MVP awards ( 5 ) , Pro Bowl appearances ( 14 ) , and 4,000-yard passing seasons ( 14 ) . A two-time Super Bowl winner and the most valuable player of Super Bowl XLI , Manning is also the only quarterback to start the Super Bowl for two different franchises more than once each and the only starting quarterback to win a Super Bowl with two different franchises . At 39 years of age , Manning is the oldest quarterback to start in and win a Super Bowl . Manning is also the only quarterback in NFL history to make the Super Bowl four times with four different head coaches ( Dungy , Caldwell , Fox , and Kubiak ) .   During a 2009 Monday Night Football game , Manning received the nickname `` The Sheriff '' from color commentator Jon Gruden due to his tendency to audible prior to the snap , and he was one of the most recognizable and parodied players in the NFL . Teams led by Manning typically utilized the hurry-up offense in place of the standard huddle .


Denver Broncos The Denver Broncos are an American football team based in Denver , Colorado . The Broncos compete in the National Football League ( NFL ) as a member club of the league 's American Football Conference ( AFC ) West division . The team began play in 1960 as a charter member of the American Football League ( AFL ) and joined the NFL as part of the merger in 1970 . The Broncos are owned by the Pat Bowlen trust . The Broncos have played at Sports Authority Field at Mile High since , after previously playing at Mile High Stadium from 1960 to 2000 .   The Broncos were barely competitive during their 10-year run in the AFL and their first seven years in the NFL . They did not complete a winning season until 1973 . In 1977 , four years later , they qualified for the playoffs for the first time in franchise history and advanced to Super Bowl XII . Since 1975 , the Broncos have become one of the NFL 's more successful teams , having suffered only six losing seasons . They have won eight AFC Championships and three Super Bowl championships ( ( XXXII ) , ( XXXIII ) , ( 50 ) ; sharing the record for second most Super Bowl appearances with the Dallas Cowboys , and Pittsburgh Steelers , right behind the New England Patriots record nine Super Bowl appearances . However , the Broncos have the NFL record for most Super Bowl losses ( 5 ) . They have five players in the Pro Football Hall of Fame : John Elway , Floyd Little , Gary Zimmerman , Shannon Sharpe , and the most recently elected member , Terrell Davis .


Janis Joplin Janis Lyn Joplin ( -LSB- ˈdʒɒplɪn -RSB- January 19 , 1943 -- October 4 , 1970 ) was an American rock singer and songwriter . She was one of the biggest female rock stars of her era . After releasing three albums , she died of an accidental heroin overdose at age 27 . A fourth album , Pearl , was released in January 1971 , a little more than three months after her death . It reached number one on the charts .   In 1967 , Joplin rose to fame during an appearance at Monterey Pop Festival , where she was the lead singer of the then little-known San Francisco psychedelic rock band Big Brother and the Holding Company . After releasing two albums with the band , she left Big Brother to continue as a solo artist with her own backing groups , first the Kozmic Blues Band and then the Full Tilt Boogie Band . She appeared at the Woodstock festival and the Festival Express train tour . Five singles by Joplin went into the Billboard Top 100 , including a cover of the song `` Me and Bobby McGee '' , which reached number 1 in March 1971 . Her most popular songs include her cover versions of `` Piece of My Heart '' , `` Cry Baby '' , `` Down on Me '' , `` Ball 'n' Chain '' , and `` Summertime '' ; and her original song `` Mercedes Benz '' , her final recording .   Joplin , highly respected for her charismatic performing ability , was posthumously inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1995 . Audiences and critics alike referred to her stage presence as `` electric '' . Rolling Stone ranked Joplin number 46 on its 2004 list of the 100 Greatest Artists of All Time and number 28 on its 2008 list of 100 Greatest Singers of All Time . She remains one of the top-selling musicians in the United States , with Recording Industry Association of America certifications of 15.5 million albums sold in the USA .


Big Brother and the Holding Company Big Brother and the Holding Company is an American rock band that formed in San Francisco in 1965 as part of the same psychedelic music scene that produced the Grateful Dead , Quicksilver Messenger Service , and Jefferson Airplane . They are best known as the band that featured Janis Joplin as their lead singer . Their 1968 album Cheap Thrills is considered one of the masterpieces of the psychedelic sound of San Francisco ; it reached number one on the Billboard charts , and was ranked number 338 in Rolling Stones the 500 greatest albums of all time . The album is also included in the book 1001 Albums You Must Hear Before You Die .


Ty Cobb was born in rural Narrows and has made a name for himself.

Ty Cobb Tyrus Raymond Cobb ( December 18 , 1886 -- July 17 , 1961 ) , nicknamed The Georgia Peach , was an American Major League Baseball ( MLB ) outfielder . He was born in rural Narrows , Georgia . Cobb spent 22 seasons with the Detroit Tigers , the last six as the team 's player-manager , and finished his career with the Philadelphia Athletics . In 1936 Cobb received the most votes of any player on the inaugural Baseball Hall of Fame ballot , receiving 222 out of a possible 226 votes ( 98.2 % ) ; no other player received a higher percentage of votes until 1992 . In 1999 , editors at the Sporting News ranked Ty Cobb 3rd on their list of `` Baseball 's 100 Greatest Players '' .   Cobb is widely credited with setting 90 MLB records during his career . He still holds several records as of the end of the 2016 season , including the highest career batting average ( .366 or .367 , depending on source ) and most career batting titles with 11 ( or 12 , depending on source ) . He retained many other records for almost a half century or more , including most career hits until 1985 ( 4,189 or 4,191 , depending on source ) , most career runs ( 2,245 or 2,246 depending on source ) until 2001 , most career games played ( 3,035 ) and at bats ( 11,429 or 11,434 depending on source ) until 1974 , and the modern record for most career stolen bases ( 892 ) until 1977 . He still holds the career record for stealing home ( 54 times ) and for stealing second base , third base , and home in succession ( 5 times ) , and as the youngest player ever to compile 4,000 hits and score 2,000 runs . Cobb ranks fifth all-time in number of games played and committed 271 errors , the most by any American League ( AL ) outfielder .   Cobb 's legacy as an athlete has sometimes been overshadowed by his surly temperament and aggressive playing style , which was described by the Detroit Free Press as `` daring to the point of dementia . '' Cobb himself wrote shortly before his death , `` In legend I am a sadistic , slashing , swashbuckling despot who waged war in the guise of sport . '' Cobb was notorious for sliding into bases feet first , with his spikes high .   Cobb 's legacy , which includes a large college scholarship fund for Georgia residents financed by his early investments in Coca-Cola and General Motors , has been tarnished by allegations of racism and violence , largely stemming from a couple of biographies that were released following his death . Cobb 's reputation as an extremely violent man was fanned by his first biographer , sportswriter Al Stump , whose stories about Cobb have been discredited as sensationalized , and in some part proven to be entirely fictional , while Cobb 's views on race evolved and mellowed after his retirement from baseball .


Iain Glen Iain Glen ( born 24 June 1961 ) is a Scottish film , television , and stage actor . Glen is best known for his roles as Dr. Alexander Isaacs / Tyrant in the Resident Evil films and for portraying Ser Jorah Mormont on Game of Thrones . Other notable roles include John Hanning Speke in Mountains of the Moon , Sir Richard Carlisle in Downton Abbey , the title role in Jack Taylor and Jarrod Slade in Cleverman .


Intuition (Jamie Foxx album) Intuition is the third studio album by American R&B singer Jamie Foxx . It was released on December 16 , 2008 , by J Records .   Despite mixed reviews from critics like his previous album , the album was commercially successful . The album has reached the top three on the US Billboard 200 chart and number 1 on the Top US R&B / Hip Hop Albums Charts , which it topped for six consecutive weeks . The album features several guest artists , including T.I. , Lil Wayne , Ne-Yo , Kanye West , Fabolous , T-Pain , The-Dream , Lil ' Kim & Marsha Ambrosius .


Unpredictable (Jamie Foxx album) Unpredictable is the second studio album by American singer-songwriter and actor Jamie Foxx . It was released on December 27 , 2005 , by J Records . Recording sessions took place from 2004 to 2005 , with the production that was provided by Timbaland , Mike City , Sean Garrett and Jim Jonsin , among others . The album serves as a follow-up to the release of Peep This ( 1994 ) , which occurred to be his first studio release in eleven years . The album was supported by four singles : `` Extravaganza '' featuring Kanye West , the title track `` Unpredictable '' featuring Ludacris , `` DJ Play a Love Song '' featuring Twista , and `` Can I Take U Home '' .   Upon its release , Unpredictable received generally mixed reviews from music critics , who were ambivalent towards its lyrical content and production . The album debuted at number 2 , beating behind Mary J. Blige 's The Breakthrough on the US Billboard 200 , with 597,000 copies in its first week . In the second week , the album rose to number one , overtaking Blige , making Foxx as the fourth artist to ever won a Academy Award for acting , while achieving a number-one album on the US Billboard charts .


Jamie Foxx Eric Marlon Bishop ( born December 13 , 1967 ) , known professionally by his stage name Jamie Foxx , is an American actor , singer , songwriter , record producer and comedian . He won an Academy Award for Best Actor , BAFTA Award for Best Actor in a Leading Role , and Golden Globe Award for Best Actor in a Musical or Comedy , for his portrayal of Ray Charles in the 2004 biographical film Ray . The same year , he was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for his role in the crime film Collateral .   Other prominent acting roles include Staff Sergeant Sykes in Jarhead ( 2005 ) , Detective Ricardo Tubbs in the 2006 film adaptation of TV series Miami Vice , the title role in the film Django Unchained ( 2012 ) , and the supervillain Electro in The Amazing Spider-Man 2 ( 2014 ) . Foxx also starred in the 1990-1994 sketch comedy show In Living Color and his own television show from 1996 to 2001 , the sitcom The Jamie Foxx Show , in which he played Jamie King , Jr. . Foxx also starred in the 2014 film Annie , in which he played Will Stacks .   Foxx is also a Grammy Award-winning musician , producing four albums which have charted in the top ten of the US Billboard 200 : Unpredictable ( 2005 ) , which topped the chart , Intuition ( 2008 ) , Best Night of My Life ( 2010 ) , and Hollywood : A Story of a Dozen Roses ( 2015 ) .


Best Night of My Life Best Night of My Life is the fourth studio album by American singer and actor Jamie Foxx . It was released on December 21 , 2010 , by J Records . The album debuted at number six on the US Billboard 200 chart . Upon its release , Best Night of My Life was met with generally mixed reviews from music critics . The album has sold 409,000 copies in the US as of January 2015 . Best Night of My Life was supported by four singles in total ; `` Winner '' featuring Justin Timberlake and T.I. , `` Living Better Now '' featuring Rick Ross , `` Fall for Your Type '' featuring Drake and `` Best Night of My Life '' featuring Wiz Khalifa .


Katie Stevens Katherine Mari `` Katie '' Stevens ( born December 8 , 1992 ) is an American actress and singer best known for finishing in eighth place on the ninth season of American Idol and starring as Karma Ashcroft in the MTV series Faking It .


Chris McKenna (writer) Chris McKenna is an American television writer , producer and film writer . He has written for American Dad ! , Community , and The Mindy Project . McKenna 's first feature film credit is on Igor .   McKenna was an uncredited writer on the 2004 film The Girl Next Door , having developed the screenplay with director Luke Greenfield . He was denied credit by the WGA arbitration process .   McKenna is the writer of some of Communitys most critically acclaimed episodes , including `` Paradigms of Human Memory '' , `` Conspiracy Theories and Interior Design '' , and the Emmy - and Hugo-nominated `` Remedial Chaos Theory '' . McKenna has also co-written ( with series creator Dan Harmon ) the Season five premiere `` Repilot '' . He has also co-written ( along with his brother Matt McKenna ) one of the most acclaimed episodes of American Dad ! , `` Rapture 's Delight '' .   Having worked with the Russo brothers on the sitcom Community , McKenna contributed to the script of Captain America : The Winter Soldier , by writing jokes for the film .


Motorola constructs digital video recorders.

Motorola Motorola ( -LSB- ˌmoʊtəˈroʊlə -RSB- ) was an American multinational telecommunications company founded on September 25 , 1928 , based in Schaumburg , Illinois . After having lost $ 4.3 billion from 2007 to 2009 , the company was divided into two independent public companies , Motorola Mobility and Motorola Solutions on January 4 , 2011 . Motorola Solutions is generally considered to be the direct successor to Motorola , as the reorganization was structured with Motorola Mobility being spun off . Motorola Mobility was acquired by Lenovo in 2014 .   Motorola designed and sold wireless network equipment such as cellular transmission base stations and signal amplifiers . Motorola 's home and broadcast network products included set-top boxes , digital video recorders , and network equipment used to enable video broadcasting , computer telephony , and high-definition television . Its business and government customers consisted mainly of wireless voice and broadband systems ( used to build private networks ) , and public safety communications systems like Astro and Dimetra . These businesses ( except for set-top boxes and cable modems ) are now part of Motorola Solutions . Google sold Motorola Home ( the former General Instrument cable businesses ) to the Arris Group in December 2012 for US$ 2.35 billion .   Motorola 's wireless telephone handset division was a pioneer in cellular telephones . Also known as the Personal Communication Sector ( PCS ) prior to 2004 , it pioneered the `` mobile phone '' with DynaTAC , `` flip phone '' with the MicroTAC as well as the `` clam phone '' with the StarTAC in the mid-1990s . It had staged a resurgence by the mid-2000s with the RAZR , but lost market share in the second half of that decade . Later it focused on smartphones using Google 's open-source Android mobile operating system . The first phone to use the newest version of Google 's open source OS , Android 2.0 , was released on November 2 , 2009 as the Motorola Droid ( the GSM version launched a month later , in Europe , as the Motorola Milestone ) .   The handset division ( along with cable set-top boxes and cable modems ) was later spun off into the independent Motorola Mobility . On May 22 , 2012 , Google CEO Larry Page announced that Google had closed on its deal to acquire Motorola Mobility . On January 29 , 2014 , Page announced that pending closure of the deal , Motorola Mobility would be acquired by Chinese technology company Lenovo for US$ 2.91 billion ( subject to certain adjustments ) . On October 30 , 2014 , Lenovo finalized its purchase of Motorola Mobility from Google .


Music Bank (TV series) has been hosted by Song Hye-kyo.

Music Bank (TV series) Music Bank is a South Korean music program which airs every Friday at 17:00 KST on KBS2 . As of 2015 , the show is also broadcast in more than a hundred countries through KBS World . Episodes are filmed at the KBS New Wing Open Hall in Yeouido-dong , Yeongdeungpo-gu . The show also organizes the global live concert Music Bank World Tour .   Since November 2016 , it is hosted by Lee Seo-won and Laboum 's Solbin . Past hosts include Song Hye-kyo , Rain , Ji Sung , Song Joong-ki , Uee , Yoon Bo-ra , Park Seo-joon , Irene , and Park Bo-gum .


Ford Motor Company is not the largest automaker in the world.

Ford Motor Company The Ford Motor Company ( commonly referred to simply as `` Ford '' ) is an American multinational automaker headquartered in Dearborn , Michigan , a suburb of Detroit . It was founded by Henry Ford and incorporated on June 16 , 1903 . The company sells automobiles and commercial vehicles under the Ford brand and most luxury cars under the Lincoln brand . Ford also owns Brazilian SUV manufacturer , Troller , and Australian performance car manufacturer FPV . In the past , it has also produced tractors and automotive components . Ford owns an 8 % stake in Aston Martin of the United Kingdom , and a 49 % stake in Jiangling of China . It also has a number of joint-ventures , one in China ( Changan Ford ) , one in Taiwan ( Ford Lio Ho ) , one in Thailand ( AutoAlliance Thailand ) , one in Turkey ( Ford Otosan ) , and one in Russia ( Ford Sollers ) . It is listed on the New York Stock Exchange and is controlled by the Ford family , although they have minority ownership ( but majority of the voting power ) .   Ford introduced methods for large-scale manufacturing of cars and large-scale management of an industrial workforce using elaborately engineered manufacturing sequences typified by moving assembly lines ; by 1914 , these methods were known around the world as Fordism . Ford 's former UK subsidiaries Jaguar and Land Rover , acquired in 1989 and 2000 respectively , were sold to Tata Motors in March 2008 . Ford owned the Swedish automaker Volvo from 1999 to 2010 . In 2011 , Ford discontinued the Mercury brand , under which it had marketed entry-level luxury cars in the United States , Canada , Mexico , and the Middle East since 1938 .   During the financial crisis at the beginning of the 21st century , it was close to bankruptcy , but it has since returned to profitability .   Ford is the second-largest U.S.-based automaker ( preceded by General Motors ) and the fifth-largest in the world ( behind Toyota , VW , Hyundai-Kia and General Motors ) based on 2015 vehicle production . At the end of 2010 , Ford was the fifth largest automaker in Europe . Ford is the eighth-ranked overall American-based company in the 2010 Fortune 500 list , based on global revenues in 2009 of $ 118.3 billion . In 2008 , Ford produced 5.532 million automobiles and employed about 213,000 employees at around 90 plants and facilities worldwide .   The company went public in 1956 but the Ford family , through special Class B shares , still retain 40 percent voting rights .


Future (rapper) Nayvadius DeMun Wilburn ( born November 20 , 1983 ) , known professionally as Future , is an American rapper , singer , songwriter , and record producer . Born and raised in Atlanta , Georgia , Wilburn first became involved in music as part of the Dungeon Family collective , where he was nicknamed `` the Future '' . After amassing a series of mixtapes between 2010 and 2011 , Future signed a major record label deal with Epic Records and A1 Recordings , which helped launch Future 's own label imprint , Freebandz . He subsequently released his debut album , Pluto , in April 2012 to positive reviews . Future 's second album , Honest , was released in April 2014 , surpassing his debut on the album charts .   Between late 2014 and early 2015 , he released a trio of mixtapes to critical praise : Monster ( 2014 ) , Beast Mode ( 2015 ) , and 56 Nights ( 2015 ) . His next releases , DS2 ( 2015 ) , What a Time to Be Alive ( 2015 , in collaboration with Drake ) , EVOL ( 2016 ) , FUTURE ( 2017 ) and HNDRXX ( 2017 ) all debuted at number one on the U.S. Billboard 200 . The latter two made him the first artist to debut two albums in consecutive weeks at the top of that chart . Future has also released several singles certified gold or higher by the RIAA , including `` Turn On the Lights '' , `` Move That Dope '' , `` Fuck Up Some Commas '' , `` Where Ya At '' , `` Jumpman '' , `` Low Life '' and `` Mask Off '' .


Harley Quinn has been portrayed by Margot Robbie.

Harley Quinn Harley Quinn ( Harleen Frances Quinzel ) is a fictional supervillain appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics . The character was created by Paul Dini and Bruce Timm , and first appeared in Batman : The Animated Series in September 1992 . She later appeared in DC Comics ' Batman comic books , with the character 's first comic book appearance in The Batman Adventures # 12 ( September 1993 ) .   Harley Quinn is the frequent accomplice and lover of the Joker , whom she met while working as a psychiatric intern at Gotham City 's Arkham Asylum , where the Joker was a patient . Her name is a play on the name `` Harlequin '' , a character which originated in the commedia dell ` arte .   The character was originally voiced by Arleen Sorkin in various tie-ins to the DC animated universe . Since then , she has also been voiced by Hynden Walch and Tara Strong in either DC Animated Showcases or in various video games . In the Birds of Prey television series , she was portrayed by actress Mia Sara . The character made her live-action cinematic debut in the 2016 film Suicide Squad , portrayed by Margot Robbie .


Bhutan Bhutan ( -LSB- buːˈtɑːn -RSB- ) , officially the Kingdom of Bhutan ( druk gyal khap ) , is a landlocked country in Asia , and it is the smallest state located entirely within the Himalaya mountain range . Located in the Eastern Himalayas , it is bordered by China ( in the north ) and India ( in the south ) . Bhutan lacks a border with nearby Nepal due to the Indian state of Sikkim and with Bangladesh due to the Indian states of West Bengal and Assam . Bhutan is geopolitically in South Asia and is the region 's second least populous nation after the Maldives . Thimphu is its capital and largest city , while Phuntsholing is its financial center .   The independence of Bhutan has endured for centuries , and the territory was never colonized in its history . Situated on the ancient Silk Road between Tibet , the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia , the Bhutanese state developed a distinct national identity based on Buddhism . Headed by a spiritual leader known as the Zhabdrung Rinpoche , the territory was composed of many fiefdoms and governed as a Buddhist theocracy . Following a civil war in the 19th century , the House of Wangchuck reunited the country and established relations with the British Empire . Bhutan fostered a strategic partnership with India during the rise of Chinese communism and has a disputed border with the People 's Republic of China . In 2008 , it transitioned from an absolute monarchy to a constitutional monarchy and held the first election to the National Assembly of Bhutan , that has a two party system characterizing Bhutanese democracy .   The King of Bhutan is known as the `` Dragon King '' . Bhutan is also notable for pioneering the concept of gross national happiness . The country 's landscape ranges from lush subtropical plains in the south to the sub-alpine Himalayan mountains in the north , where there are peaks in excess of . The highest mountain in Bhutan is the Gangkhar Puensum , which is also a strong candidate for the highest unclimbed mountain in the world . There is also diverse wildlife in Bhutan .   In South Asia , Bhutan ranks first in economic freedom , ease of doing business , and peace ; second in per capita income ; and is the least corrupt country as of 2016 . However , Bhutan continues to be a least developed country . Hydroelectricity accounts for the major share of its exports . The government is a parliamentary democracy . Bhutan maintains diplomatic relations with 52 countries and the European Union , but does not have formal ties with the five permanent members of the United Nations Security Council . It is a member of the United Nations , SAARC , BIMSTEC and the Non Aligned Movement . The Royal Bhutan Army maintains extensive military relations with the Indian Armed Forces .


Nepal fi     Nepal ( -LSB- Nepālhelp = no -RSB- -RCB- -RCB- -LSB- neˈpal -RSB- ) , officially the Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal , is a landlocked central Himalayan country in South Asia . Nepal is divided into 7 provinces and 75 districts and 744 local units including 4 metropolises , 13 sub-metropolises , 246 municipal councils and 481 villages . It has a population of 26.4 million and is the 93rd largest country by area . Bordering China in the north and India in the south , east , and west , it is the largest sovereign Himalayan state . Nepal does not border Bangladesh , which is located within only 27 km ( 17 mi ) of its southeastern tip . Neither does it border Bhutan due to the Indian state of Sikkim being located in between . Nepal has a diverse geography , including fertile plains , subalpine forested hills , and eight of the world 's ten tallest mountains , including Mount Everest , the highest point on Earth . Kathmandu is the nation 's capital and largest city . It is a multiethnic nation with Nepali as the official language .   The territory of Nepal has a recorded history since the Neolithic age . The name `` Nepal '' is first recorded in texts from the Vedic Age , the era which founded Hinduism , the predominant religion of the country . In the middle of the first millennium BCE , Gautama Buddha , the founder of Buddhism , was born in southern Nepal . Parts of northern Nepal were intertwined with the culture of Tibet . The Kathmandu Valley in central Nepal became known as Nepal proper because of its complex urban civilisation . It was the seat of the prosperous Newar confederacy known as Nepal Mandala . The Himalayan branch of the ancient Silk Road was dominated by the valley 's traders . The cosmopolitan region developed distinct traditional art and architecture . By the 18th century , the Gorkha Kingdom achieved the unification of Nepal . The Shah dynasty established the Kingdom of Nepal and later formed an alliance with the British Empire , under its Rana dynasty of premiers . The country was never colonised but served as a buffer state between Imperial China and Colonial India . In the 20th century , Nepal ended its isolation and forged strong ties with regional powers . Parliamentary democracy was introduced in 1951 , but was twice suspended by Nepalese monarchs in 1960 and 2005 . The Nepalese Civil War resulted in the proclamation of a republic in 2008 , ending the reign of the world 's last Hindu monarchy .   Modern Nepal is a federal secular parliamentary republic . It has seven states . Nepal is a developing nation , ranking 144th on the Human Development Index ( HDI ) in 2016 . The country struggles with the transition from a monarchy to a republic . It also suffers from high levels of hunger and poverty . Despite these challenges , Nepal is making steady progress , with the government declaring its commitment to elevate the nation from least developed country status by 2022 . Nepal also has a vast potential to generate hydropower for export .   Nepal 's foreign relations expanded after the Anglo-Nepal Treaty of 1923 , which was recognised by the League of Nations . After a Soviet veto in 1949 , Nepal was admitted to the United Nations in 1955 . Friendship treaties were signed with the Dominion of India in 1950 and the People 's Republic of China in 1960 . Nepal hosts the permanent secretariat of the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation ( SAARC ) , of which it is a founding member . Nepal is also a member of the Non Aligned Movement and the Bay of Bengal Initiative . The military of Nepal is the fifth largest in South Asia and is notable for its Gurkha history , particularly during the world wars , and has been a significant contributor to United Nations peacekeeping operations .


Assam Assam ( -LSB- langpronəˈsæm -RSB- is a state in northeastern India . Located south of the eastern Himalayas , Assam comprises the Brahmaputra Valley and the Barak Valley along with the Karbi Anglong and Dima Hasao districts with an area of 30,285 mi2 . Assam , along with Arunachal Pradesh , Nagaland , Manipur , Mizoram , Tripura , and Meghalaya , is one of the Seven Sister States . Geographically , Assam and these states are connected to the rest of India via a 22 km strip of land in West Bengal called the Siliguri Corridor or `` Chicken 's Neck '' . Assam shares an international border with Bhutan and Bangladesh ; and its culture , people and climate are similar to those of Southeast Asia -- comprising the elements in India 's Look East policy .   Assam is known for Assam tea and Assam silk . The first oil well in Asia was drilled here . The state has conserved the one-horned Indian rhinoceros from near extinction , along with the wild water buffalo , pygmy hog , tiger and various species of Asiatic birds . It provides one of the last wild habitats for the Asian elephant . The Assamese economy is aided by wildlife tourism , centred around Kaziranga National Park and Manas National Park which are World Heritage Sites . Sal tree forests are found in the state which , as a result of abundant rainfall , looks green all year round . Assam receives more rainfall compared to most parts of India . This rain feeds the Brahmaputra River , whose tributaries and oxbow lakes provide the region with a hydro-geomorphic environment .


Limbu language Limbu is a Sino-Tibetan language spoken in Nepal , India Darjeeling , Kalimpong , Sikkim , Assam , and Nagaland ) , Bhutan , Burma , Thailand , the United Kingdom , Hong Kong , Canada , and the USA . It is falsely believed that the Limbu/Yakthung are multi-lingual , but there are hundred and/or thousand of Yakthung who speak only in Yakthungpan ( Limbu language ) . The Limbu refer to themselves as Yakthung and their language as Yakthungpan . Yakthungpan has four main dialects : Phedape , Chhathare , Tambarkhole , and Panthare dialects .   Among four dialects and/or many dialects , Phedape dialect is widely spoken and well understood by most Yakthungpan speakers . However , as there are some dominant Panthare scholars who have role to create knowledge and control knowledge in the Limbu communities , Panthare dialect is being popularized as a `` standard '' Limbu language . As Panthare Yakthungs are much more engaged in central political position and administrative positions , they are trying to introduce Panthare dialect as a Standard Yakthungpan .   Yakthungpan ( Limbu language ) is one of the major languages spoken and written in Nepal , Darjeeling , Kalimpong , Sikkim , Bhutan , Burma , and Thailand . Today , linguists have reached the conclusion that Yakthungpan resembles Tibetan and Lepcha .   Before the introduction of the Sirijanga script among Limbu Kirats , the Rong script was popular in East Nepal , especially in the early Maurong state . The Sirijanga script had almost disappeared for 800 years and it was brought back into use by Te-ongsi Sirijunga Xin Thebe of Tellok Sinam Limbuwan present day Nepal .


Adolf Dassler was the founder of the company Adidas.

Adolf Dassler Adolf `` Adi '' Dassler ( 3 November 1900 -- 6 September 1978 ) was the founder of the German sportswear company Adidas , and the younger brother of Rudolf Dassler , founder of Puma .


Margot Frank is the daughter of a German businessman.

Otto Frank Otto Heinrich `` Pim '' Frank ( 12 May 1889 -- 19 August 1980 ) was a German businessman , who later became a resident of the Netherlands and Switzerland . He was the father of Anne and Margot Frank . As the sole member of his family to survive the Holocaust , he inherited Anne 's manuscripts after her death , arranged for the publication of her diary as The Diary of a Young Girl in 1947 , and oversaw its transition to the stage and screen .


Margot Frank Margot Betty Frank ( February 16 , 1926 -- February 1945 ) was the eldest daughter of Otto Frank and Edith Frank and the older sister of Anne Frank . Margot 's deportation order from the Gestapo hastened the Frank family into hiding . According to the diary of her younger sister , Anne , Margot kept a diary of her own , but no trace of Margot 's diary has ever been found . She died in Bergen-Belsen .


Beauty Shop Beauty Shop is a 2005 American comedy film directed by Bille Woodruff . The film serves as a spin-off of the Barbershop film franchise , and stars Queen Latifah as Gina , a character first introduced in the 2004 film Barbershop 2 : Back in Business . This film also stars Alicia Silverstone , Andie MacDowell , Mena Suvari , Kevin Bacon and Djimon Hounsou .


Andie MacDowell Rosalie Anderson `` Andie '' MacDowell ( born April 21 , 1958 ) is an American actress and fashion model . She made her film debut in 1984 's Greystoke : The Legend of Tarzan , Lord of the Apes , before receiving critical acclaim for her role in Sex , Lies , and Videotape ( 1989 ) . Since then she has appeared in several notable films , including Groundhog Day ( 1993 ) and Four Weddings and a Funeral ( 1994 ) . She has also starred in Green Card ( 1990 ) , Short Cuts ( 1993 ) , Michael ( 1996 ) and Multiplicity ( 1996 ) . From 2013 to 2015 , she starred in the drama series Cedar Cove .   She has modeled for Calvin Klein Inc. and has been a spokeswoman for L'Oréal since 1986 , celebrating 30 years with the company in 2016 .


Mena Suvari Mena Alexandra Suvari ( born February 13 , 1979 ) is an American actress , fashion designer and model . Shortly after beginning her career as a model , Suvari appeared in guest roles on such 1990s television shows as Boy Meets World and High Incident .   She made her film debut in the drama Nowhere ( 1997 ) . She achieved international fame for her roles as Angela Hayes in American Beauty and Heather Gardner in American Pie ( both 1999 ) , the former earning her a BAFTA Award nomination . She reprised her role as Heather in American Pie 2 ( 2001 ) and American Reunion ( 2012 ) . She also appeared in The Rage : Carrie 2 ( 1999 ) , Loser ( 2000 ) , Sugar & Spice ( 2001 ) , Spun ( 2002 ) , Trauma ( 2004 ) , and the HBO drama series Six Feet Under ( 2001 -- 05 ) . Suvari is a model for Lancôme cosmetics and print ads for Lancôme Paris Adaptîve and has been featured in several fashion blogs and magazines such as Vogue . She is a long-time supporter and activist for the African relief organization , the African Medical and Research Foundation .


Queen Latifah Dana Elaine Owens ( born March 18 , 1970 ) , known professionally by her stage name Queen Latifah , is an American rapper , songwriter , singer , actress , model , television producer , record producer , and talk show host . Born in Newark , New Jersey , she signed with Tommy Boy Records in 1989 and released her debut album All Hail the Queen the same year , featuring the hit single `` Ladies First '' . Her second album , Nature of a Sista ( 1991 ) , was her final album with Tommy Boy Records .   Latifah starred as Khadijah James on the FOX sitcom Living Single , from 1993 to 1998 . Her third album Black Reign ( 1993 ) , spawned the single `` U.N.I.T.Y. '' , which won a Grammy Award and was successful on the Billboard Hot 100 . She then starred in the lead role of Set It Off ( 1996 ) and released her fourth album , Order in the Court , in 1998 , with Motown Records . Latifah gained mainstream success and acclaim with her performance in the film Chicago ( 2002 ) , receiving an Academy Award nomination for Best Supporting Actress .   Latifah released her fifth album The Dana Owens Album in 2004 , and has since appeared in a number of films , such as Bringing Down the House ( 2003 ) , Taxi ( 2004 ) , Barbershop 2 : Back in Business ( 2005 ) , Beauty Shop ( 2005 ) , Last Holiday ( 2006 ) , Hairspray ( 2007 ) and Joyful Noise ( 2012 ) . In 2007 and 2009 , she released two more studio albums -- Trav ` lin ' Light and Persona . She created the daytime talk show The Queen Latifah Show , which ran from late 2013 to early 2015 on CBS . Latifah received critical acclaim for her portrayal of blues singer Bessie Smith in the HBO film Bessie ( 2015 ) , which she co-produced , winning the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Television Movie .   She has long been considered one of hip-hop 's pioneer feminists . Queen Latifah received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame in 2006 . Latifah 's work in music , film and television has earned her a Grammy Award , an Emmy Award , a Golden Globe award , three Screen Actors Guild Awards , two NAACP Image Awards , an Academy Award nomination and sales of over two million records .


Alicia Silverstone Alicia Silverstone ( -LSB- æˈliːsiə_ˈsɪlvəstoʊn -RSB- born October 4 , 1976 ) is an American actress , producer , author , and activist . She made her film debut in The Crush ( 1993 ) , earning the 1994 MTV Movie Award for Best Breakthrough Performance , and gained further prominence as a teen idol when she appeared at the age of 16 in the music video for Aerosmith 's `` Cryin ' '' . She starred in the comedy hit Clueless ( 1995 ) , which earned her a multimillion-dollar deal with Columbia Pictures , and in the big-budget film Batman & Robin ( 1997 ) , playing Batgirl . She has continued to act in film and television and on stage . For her role in the short-lived drama comedy Miss Match ( 2003 ) , Silverstone received a Golden Globe Award nomination for Best Actress -- Television Series Musical or Comedy . A vegan , Silverstone has endorsed PETA activities and has published two nutrition books .


Death in Paradise (TV series) is a crime comedy-drama television series that is British and French.

Death in Paradise (TV series) Death in Paradise is a British-French crime comedy-drama television series created by Robert Thorogood , starring Ben Miller ( series 1 -- 3 ) , Kris Marshall ( series 3 -- 6 ) & Ardal O'Hanlon ( series 6 -- present ) . The programme is a joint UK and French production filmed on the French Caribbean island of Guadeloupe and broadcast on BBC One in the United Kingdom and France 2 in France . Death in Paradise has enjoyed high ratings , leading to repeated renewals . A sixth series began broadcasting on 5 January 2017 and aired its finale on 23 February , with the subsequent DVD release occurring three days later on 27 February 2017 . The series will return in 2018 for a seventh series .


Carl Sanders was a politician of American citizenship.

Carl Sanders Carl Edward Sanders Sr. ( May 15 , 1925 -- November 16 , 2014 ) was an American politician who served as the 74th Governor of the state of Georgia from 1963 to 1967 .


As the World Turns is set in a fictional town.

As the World Turns As the World Turns ( often referred to as ATWT ) is an American television soap opera that aired on CBS for 54 years from April 2 , 1956 , to September 17 , 2010 . Irna Phillips created As the World Turns as a sister show to her other soap opera Guiding Light . Running for 54 years , As the World Turns holds the second-longest continuous run of any daytime network soap opera on American television , surpassed only by Guiding Light . As the World Turns was produced for the first 43 years in Manhattan and in Brooklyn from 2000 until 2010 .   Set in the fictional town of Oakdale , Illinois , the show debuted on April 2 , 1956 , at 1:30 pm EST. . Prior to that date , all serials had been 15 minutes in length . As the World Turns and The Edge of Night , which premiered on the same day at 4:30 pm EST , were the first two to be 30 minutes in length from their premiere . At first , viewers did not respond to the new half-hour serial , but ratings picked up in its second year , eventually reaching the top spot in the daytime Nielsen ratings by fall 1958 . In 1959 , the show started a streak of weekly ratings wins that was not interrupted for over 12 years . The show switched to color on August 21 , 1967 , and expanded from a half-hour in length to one hour starting on December 1 , 1975 , when The Edge of Night moved to ABC . In the year-to-date ratings , As the World Turns was the most-watched daytime drama from 1958 until 1978 , with ten million viewers tuning in each day . At its height , core actors such as Helen Wagner , Don MacLaughlin , Don Hastings , and Eileen Fulton became nationally known . Three of these actors -- Wagner , Hastings , and Fulton -- are also the three longest serving actors in the history of American soap operas .   The show passed its 10,000 th episode on May 12 , 1995 , and celebrated its 50th anniversary on April 2 , 2006 . On September 18 , 2009 , As the World Turns became the last remaining Procter and Gamble-produced soap opera for CBS after Guiding Light aired its final episode on the network .   On December 8 , 2009 , CBS announced that it cancelled As the World Turns after almost 54 years due to low ratings . The show taped its final Procter and Gamble scenes for CBS on June 23 , 2010 , and with a dramatic storyline finale , its final episode on the network aired on September 17 , 2010 . On October 18 , 2010 , CBS replaced As the World Turns with a newly debuted talk show The Talk .


RuPaul hosts Gay for Play Game Show Starring RuPaul.

RuPaul RuPaul Andre Charles ( born November 17 , 1960 ) , known professionally by the mononym RuPaul , is an American actor , drag queen , television personality , and singer/songwriter . Since 2009 , he has produced and hosted the reality competition series RuPaul 's Drag Race , for which he received a Primetime Emmy Award in 2016 .   RuPaul was born and raised in San Diego and later moved to Atlanta to study performing arts . He settled in New York City where he became a popular fixture on the nightclub scene . RuPaul achieved international fame as a drag queen with the release of his debut single , `` Supermodel ( You Better Work ) '' , which was included on his debut studio album Supermodel of the World ( 1993 ) . In 1996 , he became a spokesperson for MAC Cosmetics , raising money for the Mac AIDS Fund and becoming the first drag queen to land a major cosmetics campaign . That year , he received his own talk show on VH1 , The RuPaul Show , which ran for two seasons before he began co-hosting the morning radio show on WKTU with Michelle Visage . He has had continued success as a recording artist , releasing eleven studio albums to date , including Foxy Lady ( 1996 ) , Champion ( 2009 ) , Glamazon ( 2011 ) , Born Naked ( 2014 ) and American ( 2017 ) .   As an actor , RuPaul has made appearances in films including Crooklyn ( 1994 ) , The Brady Bunch Movie ( 1995 ) , To Wong Foo , Thanks for Everything ! Julie Newmar ( 1995 ) , But I 'm a Cheerleader ( 1999 ) , Hurricane Bianca ( 2016 ) and the Netflix original series Girlboss ( 2017 ) . He has also published two books : Lettin ' It All Hang Out ( 1995 ) and Workin ' It ! RuPaul 's Guide to Life , Liberty , and the Pursuit of Style ( 2010 ) . Additionally , RuPaul 's Drag Race has produced nine seasons to date and has inspired several spin-off series , including RuPaul 's Drag U and RuPaul 's Drag Race : All Stars on LGBTQ network Logo TV . He is also featured as a host on series such as Skin Wars , Good Work and Gay for Play Game Show Starring RuPaul .   RuPaul is noted among drag queens for his indifference toward the gender-specific pronouns used to address him -- both `` he '' and `` she '' have been deemed acceptable , as stated in his autobiography : `` You can call me he . You can call me she . You can call me Regis and Kathie Lee ; I do n't care ! Just as long as you call me . '' RuPaul has also played men in a number of roles , and makes public appearances both in and out of drag . In 1999 , RuPaul was awarded the Vito Russo Award at the GLAAD Media Awards for work in promoting equality in the LGBT community .


Attack on Titan began in Kodansha's Bessatsu Shōnen Magazine on September 9, 2009.

Attack on Titan is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Hajime Isayama . The series began in Kodansha 's Bessatsu Shōnen Magazine on September 9 , 2009 , and has been collected into 22 tankōbon volumes as of April 2017 . It is set in a world where humanity lives in cities surrounded by enormous walls ; a defense against the Titans , gigantic humanoids that eat humans seemingly without reason . The story initially centers on Eren Yeager , his adopted sister Mikasa Ackerman and childhood friend Armin Arlert , who join the military to fight the Titans after their home town is invaded and Eren 's mother is eaten . However , as the story progresses and the truths about the Titans are slowly revealed to the reader , the narrative shifts to encompass Historia Reiss , squad leader Levi , Eren 's father Grisha , and other supporting characters .   The spin-off light novel series Before the Fall began in December 2011 and has received a manga adaptation . Two additional light novel series and four additional spin-off manga series have also been created . An anime television adaptation produced by Wit Studio and Production I.G aired in Japan on MBS between April and September 2013 and a second season of the series premiered in April 2017 . Four video game adaptations developed by Nitroplus staffers in collaboration with Production I.G were announced to be released as bonus content for the third and sixth volumes of the Blu-ray Disc release of the anime , with another game developed by Spike Chunsoft for the Nintendo 3DS . A two-part live-action film adaptation , Attack on Titan and Attack on Titan : End of the World , and a live-action web-series were released in 2015 . An anime adaptation of the Junior High spin-off manga , produced by Production I.G , began airing in October 2015 . Attack on Titan and all five spin-off manga are published in North America by Kodansha Comics USA , while the three novel series are published by Vertical . The anime has been licensed by Funimation for North America , by Manga Entertainment for the UK , and by Madman Entertainment for Australasia .   Attack on Titan has become a commercial success . As of April 2017 , the manga has 66 million copies in print . The release of the anime also saw a boost in the series ' popularity , with it having received widespread critical acclaim for its atmosphere and story . Although it also gained fame in neighboring Asian countries , the series ' themes have been a subject of controversy .


Stockard Channing starred as First Lady Abbey Bartlet.

Stockard Channing Stockard Channing ( born Susan Antonia Williams Stockard ; February 13 , 1944 ) is an American stage , film and television actress . She is known for playing Betty Rizzo in the film Grease ( 1978 ) and First Lady Abbey Bartlet on the NBC television series The West Wing ( 1999 -- 2006 ) . She is also known for originating the role of Ouisa Kittredge in the stage and film versions of Six Degrees of Separation , for which she was nominated for a Tony Award and the Academy Award for Best Actress .   A 13-time Primetime Emmy Award nominee and seven-time Tony Award nominee , she won the 1985 Tony Award for Best Actress in a Play for the Broadway revival of A Day in the Death of Joe Egg , and won Emmy Awards for The West Wing and The Matthew Shepard Story , both in 2002 . She won a Daytime Emmy Award in 2004 for her role in Jack . Her film appearances include The Fortune ( 1975 ) , The Big Bus ( 1976 ) , The Cheap Detective ( 1978 ) , Heartburn ( 1986 ) , Up Close & Personal ( 1996 ) , Practical Magic ( 1998 ) , and Woody Allen 's Anything Else ( 2003 ) . She also played the recurring role of Veronica Loy on the CBS drama The Good Wife ( 2012 -- 16 ) .


Robbie Collin studied the philosophy of film.

Robbie Collin Robbie Collin is a British film critic .   Collin studied aesthetics and the philosophy of film at the University of St Andrews , Scotland , He edited the university 's student newspaper , The Saint .   Collin is chief film critic at The Daily Telegraph . From 2007 to 2009 he wrote a weekly film column for the News of the World until the newspaper 's closure in July 2011 . That year he was shortlisted for Critic of the Year at the British Press Awards .  He appeared on the Channel 4 Vue Film Show , presented by Edith Bowman , and contributed to the BBC Radio 2 Arts Show with Claudia Winkleman . In August 2013 he guest presented BBC Radio 4 's Film programme . In August 2014 , February 2015 , July -- August 2015 , February 2016 and in April 2016 he guest presented Kermode and Mayo 's Film Review , also with Edith Bowman .


Lauren Bacall Lauren Bacall ( -LSB- ˌlɔːrən_bəˈkɔːl -RSB- , born Betty Joan Perske ; September 16 , 1924 -- August 12 , 2014 ) was an American actress and singer known for her distinctive voice and sultry looks . She was named the 20th greatest female star of Classic Hollywood cinema by the American Film Institute , and received an Academy Honorary Award from the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences in 2009 , `` in recognition of her central place in the Golden Age of motion pictures . ''   Bacall began her career as a model , before making her debut as a leading lady with Humphrey Bogart in the film To Have and Have Not in 1944 . She continued in the film noir genre with appearances with Bogart in The Big Sleep ( 1946 ) , Dark Passage ( 1947 ) , and Key Largo ( 1948 ) , and starred in the romantic comedies How to Marry a Millionaire ( 1953 ) with Marilyn Monroe and Designing Woman ( 1957 ) with Gregory Peck . She co-starred with John Wayne in his final film , The Shootist ( 1976 ) . Bacall also worked on Broadway in musicals , earning Tony Awards for Applause ( 1970 ) and Woman of the Year ( 1981 ) . Her performance in The Mirror Has Two Faces ( 1996 ) earned her a Golden Globe Award and an Academy Award nomination .   A month before her 90th birthday , Bacall died in New York City after a stroke .


South Aegean Volcanic Arc The South Aegean Volcanic Arc is a chain of volcanic islands in the South Aegean Sea formed by plate tectonics as a consequence of the subduction of the African tectonic plate beneath the Eurasian plate . The southern Aegean is one of the most rapidly deforming regions of the Himalayan-Alpine mountain belt .   The active portion of the South Aegean Arc comprises a number of dormant and historically active volcanoes , including Aegina , Methana , Milos , Santorini and Kolumbo , and Kos , Nisyros and Yali . Of these , only Santorini , Kolumbo and Nisyros have either erupted or shown any significant evidence of unrest during the past 100 years .   One of the most noted volcanic eruptions from this arc occurred on the island of Santorini in the second millennium BC ; during this eruption the Bronze Age city of Akrotiri was destroyed , with archaeological remains becoming well preserved under the volcanic ash .


Santorini Santorini ( Σαντορίνη , pronounced -LSB- sandoˈrini -RSB- ) , classically Thera ( English pronunciation -LSB- ˈθɪərə -RSB- ) , and officially Thira ( Greek : Θήρα -LSB- ˈθira -RSB- ) , is an island in the southern Aegean Sea , about 200 km southeast of Greece 's mainland . It is the largest island of a small , circular archipelago which bears the same name and is the remnant of a volcanic caldera . It forms the southernmost member of the Cyclades group of islands , with an area of approximately 73 km2 and a 2011 census population of 15,550 . The municipality of Santorini includes the inhabited islands of Santorini and Therasia and the uninhabited islands of Nea Kameni , Palaia Kameni , Aspronisi , and Christiana . The total land area is 90.623 km2 . Santorini is part of the Thira regional unit .   Santorini is essentially what remains after an enormous volcanic eruption that destroyed the earliest settlements on a formerly single island , and created the current geological caldera . A giant central , rectangular lagoon , which measures about 12 by , is surrounded by 300 m high , steep cliffs on three sides . The main island slopes downward to the Aegean Sea . On the fourth side , the lagoon is separated from the sea by another much smaller island called Therasia ; the lagoon is connected to the sea in two places , in the northwest and southwest . The depth of the caldera , at 400m , makes it impossible for any but the largest ships to anchor anywhere in the protected bay ; there is also a fisherman 's harbour at Vlychada , on the southwestern coast . The island 's principal port is Athinios . The capital , Fira , clings to the top of the cliff looking down on the lagoon . The volcanic rocks present from the prior eruptions feature olivine , and have a small presence of hornblende .   It is the most active volcanic centre in the South Aegean Volcanic Arc , though what remains today is chiefly a water-filled caldera . The volcanic arc is approximately 500 km long and 20 to wide . The region first became volcanically active around 3 -- 4 million years ago , though volcanism on Thera began around 2 million years ago with the extrusion of dacitic lavas from vents around the Akrotiri .   The island is the site of one of the largest volcanic eruptions in recorded history : the Minoan eruption ( sometimes called the Thera eruption ) , which occurred some 3,600 years ago at the height of the Minoan civilization . The eruption left a large caldera surrounded by volcanic ash deposits hundreds of metres deep and may have led indirectly to the collapse of the Minoan civilization on the island of Crete , 110 km to the south , through a gigantic tsunami . Another popular theory holds that the Thera eruption is the source of the legend of Atlantis .


1215 copies of the Magna Carta were on display at the British Library on February 3rd, 2015.

Magna Carta Magna Carta Libertatum ( Medieval Latin for `` the Great Charter of the Liberties '' ) , commonly called Magna Carta ( also Magna Charta ; '' ( the ) Great Charter '' ) , is a charter agreed to by King John of England at Runnymede , near Windsor , on 15 June 1215 . First drafted by the Archbishop of Canterbury to make peace between the unpopular King and a group of rebel barons , it promised the protection of church rights , protection for the barons from illegal imprisonment , access to swift justice , and limitations on feudal payments to the Crown , to be implemented through a council of 25 barons . Neither side stood behind their commitments , and the charter was annulled by Pope Innocent III , leading to the First Barons ' War . After John 's death , the regency government of his young son , Henry III , reissued the document in 1216 , stripped of some of its more radical content , in an unsuccessful bid to build political support for their cause . At the end of the war in 1217 , it formed part of the peace treaty agreed at Lambeth , where the document acquired the name Magna Carta , to distinguish it from the smaller Charter of the Forest which was issued at the same time . Short of funds , Henry reissued the charter again in 1225 in exchange for a grant of new taxes ; his son , Edward I , repeated the exercise in 1297 , this time confirming it as part of England 's statute law .   The charter became part of English political life and was typically renewed by each monarch in turn , although as time went by and the fledgling English Parliament passed new laws , it lost some of its practical significance . At the end of the 16th century there was an upsurge in interest in Magna Carta . Lawyers and historians at the time believed that there was an ancient English constitution , going back to the days of the Anglo-Saxons , that protected individual English freedoms . They argued that the Norman invasion of 1066 had overthrown these rights , and that Magna Carta had been a popular attempt to restore them , making the charter an essential foundation for the contemporary powers of Parliament and legal principles such as habeas corpus . Although this historical account was badly flawed , jurists such as Sir Edward Coke used Magna Carta extensively in the early 17th century , arguing against the divine right of kings propounded by the Stuart monarchs . Both James I and his son Charles I attempted to suppress the discussion of Magna Carta , until the issue was curtailed by the English Civil War of the 1640s and the execution of Charles .   The political myth of Magna Carta and its protection of ancient personal liberties persisted after the Glorious Revolution of 1688 until well into the 19th century . It influenced the early American colonists in the Thirteen Colonies and the formation of the American Constitution in 1787 , which became the supreme law of the land in the new republic of the United States . Research by Victorian historians showed that the original 1215 charter had concerned the medieval relationship between the monarch and the barons , rather than the rights of ordinary people , but the charter remained a powerful , iconic document , even after almost all of its content was repealed from the statute books in the 19th and 20th centuries . Magna Carta still forms an important symbol of liberty today , often cited by politicians and campaigners , and is held in great respect by the British and American legal communities , Lord Denning describing it as `` the greatest constitutional document of all times -- the foundation of the freedom of the individual against the arbitrary authority of the despot '' .   In the 21st century , four exemplifications of the original 1215 charter remain in existence , held by the British Library and the cathedrals of Lincoln and Salisbury . There are also a handful of the subsequent charters in public and private ownership , including copies of the 1297 charter in both the United States and Australia . The original charters were written on parchment sheets using quill pens , in heavily abbreviated medieval Latin , which was the convention for legal documents at that time . Each was sealed with the royal great seal ( made of beeswax and resin sealing wax ) : very few of the seals have survived . Although scholars refer to the 63 numbered `` clauses '' of Magna Carta , this is a modern system of numbering , introduced by Sir William Blackstone in 1759 ; the original charter formed a single , long unbroken text . The four original 1215 charters were displayed together at the British Library for one day , 3 February 2015 , to mark the 800th anniversary of Magna Carta .


Bette Davis Ruth Elizabeth `` Bette '' Davis ( April 5 , 1908 -- October 6 , 1989 ) was an American actress of film , television , and theater . Regarded as one of the greatest actresses in Hollywood history , she was noted for her willingness to play unsympathetic , sardonic characters and was reputed for her performances in a range of film genres , from contemporary crime melodramas to historical and period films and occasional comedies , although her greatest successes were her roles in romantic dramas .   After appearing in Broadway plays , Davis moved to Hollywood in 1930 . However , her early films for Universal Studios ( and as a loanout to other studios ) were unsuccessful . She joined Warner Bros. in 1932 and established her career with several critically acclaimed performances . In 1937 , she attempted to free herself from her contract . Although she lost the well-publicized legal case against the studio , it marked the beginning of the most successful period of her career . Until the late 1940s , she was one of American cinema 's most celebrated leading ladies , known for her forceful and intense style . Davis gained a reputation as a perfectionist who could be highly combative and confrontational . She clashed with studio executives and film directors as well as many of her co-stars . Her forthright manner , idiosyncratic speech and ubiquitous cigarette contributed to a public persona , which has often been imitated .   Davis was the co-founder of the Hollywood Canteen , and was the first female president of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences . She won the Academy Award for Best Actress twice , was the first person to accrue ten Academy Award nominations for acting , and was the first woman to receive a Lifetime Achievement Award from the American Film Institute . Her career went through several periods of eclipse , and she admitted that her success had often been at the expense of her personal relationships . Married four times , she was once widowed and three times divorced , and raised her children as a single parent . Her final years were marred by a long period of ill health , but she continued acting until shortly before her death from breast cancer , with more than 100 films , television and theater roles to her credit . In 1999 , Davis was placed second behind Katharine Hepburn on the American Film Institute 's list of the greatest female stars of classic Hollywood cinema .


Unpredictable (Jamie Foxx album) Unpredictable is the second studio album by American singer-songwriter and actor Jamie Foxx . It was released on December 27 , 2005 , by J Records . Recording sessions took place from 2004 to 2005 , with the production that was provided by Timbaland , Mike City , Sean Garrett and Jim Jonsin , among others . The album serves as a follow-up to the release of Peep This ( 1994 ) , which occurred to be his first studio release in eleven years . The album was supported by four singles : `` Extravaganza '' featuring Kanye West , the title track `` Unpredictable '' featuring Ludacris , `` DJ Play a Love Song '' featuring Twista , and `` Can I Take U Home '' .   Upon its release , Unpredictable received generally mixed reviews from music critics , who were ambivalent towards its lyrical content and production . The album debuted at number 2 , beating behind Mary J. Blige 's The Breakthrough on the US Billboard 200 , with 597,000 copies in its first week . In the second week , the album rose to number one , overtaking Blige , making Foxx as the fourth artist to ever won a Academy Award for acting , while achieving a number-one album on the US Billboard charts .


Octavia Spencer worked on a film series.

Octavia Spencer Octavia Lenora Spencer ( born May 25 , 1972 ) is an American actress and author . She made her film debut in A Time to Kill . Her breakthrough came in 2011 , when she starred as Minny Jackson in the period film The Help , for which she won the Academy Award , Golden Globe , SAG , BAFTA , and Critics ' Choice Movie Award for Best Supporting Actress . She had a critically acclaimed performance in Ryan Coogler 's drama Fruitvale Station ( 2013 ) , for which she received the National Board of Review Award for Best Supporting Actress . Recently , Spencer has received acclaim for her work in the films Get on Up , Black or White , Smashed , Snowpiercer , The Divergent Series : Insurgent , and Zootopia . In 2017 , she received Academy Award , Golden Globe , and SAG nominations for Best Supporting Actress for her performance as mathematician Dorothy Vaughan in the drama Hidden Figures .   As an author , Spencer has started a children 's book series titled Randi Rhodes Ninja Detective , publishing two books in the series - The Case of the Time-Capsule Bandit ( 2013 ) and The Sweetest Heist in History ( 2015 ) .


Saving Private Ryan was directed by a person.

Saving Private Ryan Saving Private Ryan is a 1998 American epic war drama film set during the Invasion of Normandy in World War II . Directed by Steven Spielberg and written by Robert Rodat , the film is notable for its graphic portrayal of war , and for the intensity of its opening 27 minutes , which includes a depiction of the Omaha Beach assault during the Normandy landings . It follows United States Army Rangers Captain John H. Miller ( Tom Hanks ) and a squad ( Tom Sizemore , Edward Burns , Barry Pepper , Giovanni Ribisi , Vin Diesel , Adam Goldberg , and Jeremy Davies ) as they search for a paratrooper , Private First Class James Francis Ryan ( Matt Damon ) , who is the last-surviving brother of four servicemen .   The film received critical acclaim , winning several awards for film , cast , and crew , as well as earning significant returns at the box office . The film grossed US$ 481.8 million worldwide , making it the second-highest-grossing film of the year . The film was nominated for 11 Academy Awards ; Spielberg 's direction won his second Academy Award for Best Director , with four more awards going to the film . Saving Private Ryan was released on home video in May 1999 , earning another $ 44 million from sales . In 2014 , the film was selected for preservation in the National Film Registry by the Library of Congress , being deemed `` culturally , historically , or aesthetically significant . ''