New Horizons is only an Earth-based probe.

New Horizons New Horizons is an interplanetary space probe that was launched as a part of NASA 's New Frontiers program . Engineered by the Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory ( APL ) and the Southwest Research Institute ( SwRI ) , with a team led by S. Alan Stern , the spacecraft was launched in 2006 with the primary mission to perform a flyby study of the Pluto system in 2015 , and a secondary mission to fly by and study one or more other Kuiper belt objects ( KBOs ) in the decade to follow .   On January 19 , 2006 , New Horizons was launched from Cape Canaveral Air Force Station directly into an Earth-and-solar escape trajectory with a speed of about 16.26 km/s . After a brief encounter with asteroid 132524 APL , New Horizons proceeded to Jupiter , making its closest approach on February 28 , 2007 , at a distance of 2.3 e6km . The Jupiter flyby provided a gravity assist that increased New Horizons speed ; the flyby also enabled a general test of New Horizons scientific capabilities , returning data about the planet 's atmosphere , moons , and magnetosphere .   Most of the post-Jupiter voyage was spent in hibernation mode to preserve on-board systems , except for brief annual checkouts . On December 6 , 2014 , New Horizons was brought back online for the Pluto encounter , and instrument check-out began . On January 15 , 2015 , the New Horizons spacecraft began its approach phase to Pluto .   On July 14 , 2015 , at 11:49 UTC , it flew above the surface of Pluto , making it the first spacecraft to explore the dwarf planet . On October 25 , 2016 , at 21:48 UTC , the last of the recorded data from the Pluto flyby was received from New Horizons . Having completed its flyby of Pluto , New Horizons has maneuvered for a flyby of Kuiper belt object , expected to take place on January 1 , 2019 , when it will be 43.4 AU from the Sun .


The Guest (film) The Guest is a 2014 American action horror-thriller film directed and edited by Adam Wingard and written by Simon Barrett , both of whom previously collaborated on a previous film , You 're Next ( 2011 ) . Starring Dan Stevens , Maika Monroe , Leland Orser , Sheila Kelley , Brendan Meyer , and Lance Reddick , the plot follows a soldier named `` David '' unexpectedly visiting the Peterson family , introducing himself as a friend of their son who had died during the Afghanistan war . After the man is welcomed into their home for a couple of days , a series of deaths begin to occur around his presence , and their daughter Anna begins to have suspicions of David being connected to the deaths .   The film premiered at the Sundance Film Festival on January 17 , 2014 , following a release in the United States on September 17 , 2014 and the United Kingdom on September 5 , 2014 . Critical reception was largely positive , with general praise towards Stevens ' role and Wingard 's direction .


Maika Monroe Maika Monroe ( born Dillon Monroe Buckley ; May 29 , 1993 ) is an American actress and professional kiteboarder . She made her acting debut in the 2012 film At Any Price . In 2013 , she appeared alongside Kate Winslet in the drama film Labor Day . She became recognized as a `` scream queen '' after her performances in the critically acclaimed 2014 films The Guest and It Follows . She also played Patricia Whitmore in Independence Day : Resurgence ( 2016 ) , played as a child by Mae Whitman in the original 1996 film .


Paris is an influential city in the arts.

Paris Paris ( French pronunciation : -LSB- pɑʁi -RSB- , -LSB- paʁi -RSB- ) is the capital and most populous city of France . It has an area of 105 km2 and a population of 2,229,621 in 2013 within its administrative limits . The city is both a commune and department and forms the centre and headquarters of the Île-de-France , or Paris Region , which has an area of 12,012 km2 and a population in 2016 of 12,142,802 , comprising roughly 18 percent of the population of France . By the 17th century , Paris was one of Europe 's major centres of finance , commerce , fashion , science , and the arts , and it retains that position still today . The Paris Region had a GDP of $ 624 billion ( US $ 687 billion ) in 2012 , accounting for 30.0 percent of the GDP of France and ranking it as one of the wealthiest regions in Europe .   The City of Paris is but the core of a built-up area that extends well beyond its administrative limits . Commonly referred to as the agglomération Parisienne , and statistically as a unité urbaine ( a measure of urban area ) , the agglomeration has a 2013 population of 10,601,122 , which makes it the largest in the European Union . City-influenced commuter activity reaches well beyond even this in a statistical aire urbaine de Paris ( a measure of metropolitan area ) , that had a 2013 population of 12,405,426 , a number one-fifth the population of France , and one that makes it , after London , the second largest metropolitan area in the European Union . Although joined in a single urban tissue , Paris ' lack of administrative and economic cohesion with its suburbs has been a longstanding problem , but a 2016 ` Metropole of Grand Paris ' economic and environmental initiative covering an 814 km2 area and a population of 7 million , exists since 2016 .   The city is also a major rail , highway , and air-transport hub served by two international airports : Paris-Charles de Gaulle ( the second busiest airport in Europe after London Heathrow Airport with 63.8 million passengers in 2014 ) and Paris-Orly . Opened in 1900 , the city 's subway system , the Paris Métro , serves 5.23 million passengers daily . It is the second busiest metro system in Europe after Moscow Metro . Notably , Paris Gare du Nord is the busiest railway station in the world outside of Japan , with 262 millions passengers in 2015 .   Paris has many important cultural institutions : its Louvre museum is the most visited in the world ; its Musée d'Orsay is noted for its collection of French Impressionist art , and its Pompidou-center Musée National d'Art Moderne has the largest collection of modern and contemporary art in Europe . The central area of the city along the Seine River is classified as a UNESCO Heritage Site and includes many notable monuments , including Notre Dame Cathedral , the Sainte-Chapelle , the former Universal Exposition Grand Palais , Petit Palais and Eiffel Tower , and the Basilica of Sacré-Cœur in Montmartre . In 2015 , Paris received 22.2 million visitors , making it one of the world 's top tourist destinations .   The association football club Paris Saint-Germain and the rugby union club Stade Français are based in Paris . The 80,000-seat Stade de France , built for the 1998 FIFA World Cup , is located just north of Paris in the neighbouring commune of Saint-Denis . Paris hosts the annual French Open Grand Slam tennis tournament on the red clay of Roland Garros . Paris hosted the 1900 and 1924 Summer Olympics and is bidding to host the 2024 Summer Olympics . The 1938 and 1998 FIFA World Cups , the 2007 Rugby World Cup , and the 1960 , 1984 , and 2016 UEFA European Championships were also held in the city , and every July , the Tour de France bicycle race finishes in the city .


Splatoon 2 is playable by up to five players in online matches.

Splatoon 2 Splatoon 2 is an upcoming third-person shooter video game developed and published by Nintendo for the Nintendo Switch . It is the sequel to the 2015 Wii U title , Splatoon , and is a team-based third-person shooter which is playable by up to eight players in online four-versus-four matches . The game was announced in January 2017 , and will be released worldwide in July 2017 .


Wales Wales ( -LSB- ˈweɪlz -RSB- Cymru -LSB- ˈkəm.rɨ -RSB- ) is a country that is part of the United Kingdom and the island of Great Britain . It is bordered by England to the east , the Irish Sea to the north and west , and the Bristol Channel to the south . It had a population in 2011 of 3,063,456 and has a total area of 20779 km2 . Wales has over 1680 mi of coastline and is largely mountainous , with its higher peaks in the north and central areas , including Snowdon ( Yr Wyddfa ) , its highest summit . The country lies within the north temperate zone and has a changeable , maritime climate .   Welsh national identity emerged among the Celtic Britons after the Roman withdrawal from Britain in the 5th century , and Wales is regarded as one of the modern Celtic nations . Llywelyn ap Gruffudd 's death in 1282 marked the completion of Edward I of England 's conquest of Wales , though Owain Glyndŵr briefly restored independence to Wales in the early 15th century . The whole of Wales was annexed by England and incorporated within the English legal system under the Laws in Wales Acts 1535 -- 1542 . Distinctive Welsh politics developed in the 19th century . Welsh Liberalism , exemplified in the early 20th century by Lloyd George , was displaced by the growth of socialism and the Labour Party . Welsh national feeling grew over the century ; Plaid Cymru was formed in 1925 and the Welsh Language Society in 1962 . Established under the Government of Wales Act 1998 , the National Assembly for Wales holds responsibility for a range of devolved policy matters .   At the dawn of the Industrial Revolution , development of the mining and metallurgical industries transformed the country from an agricultural society into an industrial nation ; the South Wales Coalfield 's exploitation caused a rapid expansion of Wales ' population . Two-thirds of the population live in south Wales , mainly in and around Cardiff ( the capital ) , Swansea and Newport , and in the nearby valleys . Now that the country 's traditional extractive and heavy industries have gone or are in decline , Wales ' economy depends on the public sector , light and service industries and tourism . Wales ' 2010 gross value added ( GVA ) was # 45.5 billion ( # 15,145 per head , 74.0 % of the average for the UK , and the lowest GVA per head in Britain ) .   Although Wales closely shares its political and social history with the rest of Great Britain , and the vast majority of the population speaks English , the country has retained a distinct cultural identity and is officially bilingual . Over 560,000 Welsh language speakers live in Wales , and the language is spoken by a majority of the population in parts of the north and west . From the late 19th century onwards , Wales acquired its popular image as the `` land of song '' , in part due to the eisteddfod tradition . At many international sporting events , such as the FIFA World Cup , Rugby World Cup and the Commonwealth Games , Wales has its own national teams , though at the Olympic Games , Welsh athletes compete as part of a Great Britain team . Rugby union is seen as a symbol of Welsh identity and an expression of national consciousness .


Roald Dahl Roald Dahl ( -LSB- langpronˈroʊ.əld _ ˈdɑːl -RSB- , -LSB- ˈɾuːɑl dɑl -RSB- ; 13 September 1916 -- 23 November 1990 ) was a British novelist , short story writer , poet , screenwriter , and fighter pilot . His books have sold more than 250 million copies worldwide .   Born in Wales to Norwegian parents , Dahl served in the Royal Air Force during the Second World War , in which he became a flying ace and intelligence officer , rising to the rank of acting wing commander . He rose to prominence in the 1940s with works for both children and adults and he became one of the world 's best selling authors . He has been referred to as `` one of the greatest storytellers for children of the 20th century '' . His awards for contribution to literature include the 1983 World Fantasy Award for Life Achievement , and the British Book Awards ' Children 's Author of the Year in 1990 . In 2008 , The Times placed Dahl 16th on its list of `` The 50 greatest British writers since 1945 '' .   Dahl 's short stories are known for their unexpected endings and his children 's books for their unsentimental , macabre , often darkly comic mood , featuring villainous adult enemies of the child characters . His books champion the kind-hearted , and feature an underlying warm sentiment . Dahl 's works for children include James and the Giant Peach , Charlie and the Chocolate Factory , Matilda , The Witches , Fantastic Mr Fox , The BFG , The Twits and George 's Marvellous Medicine . His adult works include Tales of the Unexpected .


San Francisco San Francisco ( initials SF ) ( -LSB- sæn_frənˈsɪskoʊ -RSB- , Spanish for Saint Francis ; Spanish : -LSB- san franˈsisko -RSB- ) , officially the City and County of San Francisco , is the cultural , commercial , and financial center of Northern California . Located at the north end of the San Francisco Peninsula , San Francisco is about 47.9 sqmi in area , making it the smallest county -- and the only consolidated city-county -- within the state of California . With a density of about 18,581 people per square mile ( 7,174 people per km2 ) , San Francisco is the most densely settled large city ( population greater than 200,000 ) in California and the second-most densely populated major city in the United States after New York City . San Francisco is the fourth-most populous city in California , after Los Angeles , San Diego , and San Jose , and the 13th-most populous city in the United States -- with a census-estimated 2016 population of 870,887 . The city and its surrounding areas are known as the San Francisco Bay Area , and are a part of the larger OMB-designated San Jose-San Francisco-Oakland combined statistical area , the fifth most populous in the nation with an estimated population of 8.7 million .   San Francisco was founded on June 29 , 1776 , when colonists from Spain established Presidio of San Francisco at the Golden Gate and Mission San Francisco de Asís a few miles away , all named for St. Francis of Assisi . The California Gold Rush of 1849 brought rapid growth , making it the largest city on the West Coast at the time . San Francisco became a consolidated city-county in 1856 .  After three-quarters of the city was destroyed by the 1906 earthquake and fire , San Francisco was quickly rebuilt , hosting the Panama-Pacific International Exposition nine years later . In World War II , San Francisco was a major port of embarkation for service members shipping out to the Pacific Theater . It then became the birthplace of the United Nations in 1945 . After the war , the confluence of returning servicemen , massive immigration , liberalizing attitudes , along with the rise of the `` hippie '' counterculture , the Sexual Revolution , the Peace Movement growing from opposition to United States involvement in the Vietnam War , and other factors led to the Summer of Love and the gay rights movement , cementing San Francisco as a center of liberal activism in the United States . Politically , the city votes strongly along liberal Democratic Party lines .   A popular tourist destination , San Francisco is known for its cool summers , fog , steep rolling hills , eclectic mix of architecture , and landmarks , including the Golden Gate Bridge , cable cars , the former Alcatraz Federal Penitentiary , Fisherman 's Wharf , and its Chinatown district . San Francisco is also the headquarters of five major banking institutions and various other companies such as Levi Strauss & Co. , Gap Inc. , Salesforce.com , Dropbox , Reddit , Square , Inc. , Dolby , Airbnb , Weebly , Pacific Gas and Electric Company , Yelp , Pinterest , Twitter , Uber , Lyft , Mozilla , Wikimedia Foundation , Craigslist and Weather Underground . It has several nicknames , including `` The City by the Bay '' , `` Fog City '' , `` San Fran '' , and `` Frisco '' , as well as older ones like `` The City that Knows How '' , `` Baghdad by the Bay '' , `` The Paris of the West '' , or simply `` The City '' . , San Francisco is ranked high on world liveability rankings .


Bill Black's legal first name is William.

Bill Black William Patton `` Bill '' Black , Jr. ( September 17 , 1926 -- October 21 , 1965 ) was an American musician and bandleader who is noted as one of the pioneers of rock and roll music . Black was the bassist in Elvis Presley 's early trio after which he formed Bill Black 's Combo .


Father of the Bride stars someone born in 1946.

Diane Keaton Diane Keaton ( born Diane Hall ; January 5 , 1946 ) is an American film actress , director and producer . She began her career on stage and made her screen debut in 1970 . Her first major film role was as Kay Adams-Corleone in The Godfather ( 1972 ) , but the films that shaped her early career were those with director and co-star Woody Allen , beginning with Play It Again , Sam in 1972 . Her next two films with Allen , Sleeper ( 1973 ) and Love and Death ( 1975 ) , established her as a comic actor . Her fourth , Annie Hall ( 1977 ) , won her the Academy Award for Best Actress .   Keaton subsequently expanded her range to avoid becoming typecast as her Annie Hall persona . She became an accomplished dramatic performer , starring in Looking for Mr. Goodbar ( 1977 ) and received Academy Award nominations for Reds ( 1981 ) , Marvin 's Room ( 1996 ) and Something 's Got ta Give ( 2003 ) . Some of her popular later films include Baby Boom ( 1987 ) , Father of the Bride ( 1991 ) , The First Wives Club ( 1996 ) , and The Family Stone ( 2005 ) . Keaton 's films have earned a cumulative gross of over US$ 1.1 billion in North America . In addition to acting , she is also a photographer , real estate developer , author , and occasional singer .


Father of the Bride (1991 film) Father of the Bride is a 1991 American comedy film starring Steve Martin , Diane Keaton , Kimberly Williams ( in her film debut ) , George Newbern , Martin Short , B. D. Wong , and Kieran Culkin . It is a remake of the 1950 film of the same name .   The film inspired a series of Hallmark commercials that featured the smiling faces of the happy couple and sneak-peeks at the backs of numerous greeting cards . It is number 92 on Bravo 's `` 100 Funniest Movies '' .   Martin portrays George Banks , a businessman and owner of an athletic shoe company ( called Side Kicks ) , who , when he finds out his daughter is getting married , does not want to give her away . He eventually learns to live with his new son-in-law and realizes that as long as his daughter is happy , he is happy .   The film opened to positive reviews , and became a major box office success , earning more than four times its budget . With its success , a sequel , Father of the Bride Part II was released in 1995 .   This was Nancy Meyers and Diane Keaton 's second film together , the first being Baby Boom ( 1987 ) ; the others were Father of the Bride Part II ( 1995 ) and Something 's Got ta Give ( 2003 ) .


Dayton Agreement The General Framework Agreement for Peace in Bosnia and Herzegovina , also known as the Dayton Agreement , Dayton Accords , Paris Protocol or Dayton-Paris Agreement , is the peace agreement reached at Wright-Patterson Air Force Base near Dayton , Ohio , United States , in November 1995 , and formally signed in Paris on 14 December 1995 . These accords put an end to the - year-long Bosnian War , one of the Yugoslav Wars .


Bal Gangadhar Tilak was born on July 23.

Bal Gangadhar Tilak Bal Gangadhar Tilak ( or Lokmanya Tilak , ; 23 July 1856 -- 1 August 1920 ) , born as Keshav Gangadhar Tilak , was an Indian nationalist , teacher , social reformer , lawyer and an independence activist . He was the first leader of the Indian Independence Movement . The British colonial authorities called him `` Father of the Indian unrest . '' He was also conferred with the title of `` Lokmanya '' , which means `` accepted by the people ( as their leader ) '' .   Tilak was one of the first and strongest advocates of Swaraj ( `` self-rule '' ) and a strong radical in Indian consciousness . He is known for his quote in Marathi , '' स्वराज्य हा माझा जन्मसिद्ध हक्क आहे आणि तो मी मिळवणारच '' ( `` Swarajya is my birthright and I shall have it ! '' ) in India . He formed a close alliance with many Indian National Congress leaders including Bipin Chandra Pal , Lala Lajpat Rai , Aurobindo Ghose , V. O. Chidambaram Pillai and Muhammad Ali Jinnah .


Barbara Stanwyck starred in Sorry, Wrong Number.

Barbara Stanwyck Barbara Stanwyck ( born Ruby Catherine Stevens ; July 16 , 1907 -- January 20 , 1990 ) was an American actress , model and dancer . She was a film and television star , known during her 60-year career as a consummate and versatile professional with a strong , realistic screen presence , and a favorite of directors including Cecil B. DeMille , Fritz Lang , and Frank Capra . After a short but notable career as a stage actress in the late 1920s , she made 85 films in 38 years in Hollywood , before turning to television .   Orphaned at the age of four and partially raised in foster homes , by 1944 Stanwyck had become the highest-paid woman in the United States . She was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actress four times , for Stella Dallas ( 1937 ) , Ball of Fire ( 1941 ) , Double Indemnity ( 1944 ) and Sorry , Wrong Number ( 1948 ) . For her television work , she won three Emmy Awards , for The Barbara Stanwyck Show ( 1961 ) , The Big Valley ( 1966 ) and The Thorn Birds ( 1983 ) . Her performance in The Thorn Birds also won her a Golden Globe . She received an Honorary Oscar at the 1982 Academy Award ceremony and the Golden Globe Cecil B. DeMille Award in 1986 . She was also the recipient of honorary lifetime awards from the American Film Institute ( 1987 ) , the Film Society of Lincoln Center ( 1986 ) , the Los Angeles Film Critics Association ( 1981 ) and the Screen Actors Guild ( 1967 ) . Stanwyck received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame in 1960 , and was ranked as the 11th greatest female star of classic American cinema by the American Film Institute .


John Lennon John Winston Ono Lennon , ( born John Winston Lennon ; 9 October 19408 December 1980 ) was an English guitarist , singer , and songwriter who co-founded the Beatles , the most commercially successful and musically influential band in the history of popular music . He and fellow member Paul McCartney formed a much-celebrated songwriting partnership .   Born and raised in Liverpool , Lennon became involved in the skiffle craze as a teenager ; his first band , the Quarrymen , first became the Silver Beatles , and finally , evolved into the Beatles in 1960 . When the group disbanded in 1970 , Lennon embarked on a sporadic solo career that produced albums including John Lennon/Plastic Ono Band and Imagine , and songs such as `` Give Peace a Chance '' , `` Working Class Hero '' , and `` Imagine '' . After his marriage to Yoko Ono in 1969 , he added `` Ono '' as one of his middle names . Lennon disengaged himself from the music business in 1975 to raise his infant son Sean , but re-emerged with Ono in 1980 with the new album Double Fantasy . He was murdered three weeks after its release .   Lennon revealed a rebellious nature and acerbic wit in his music , writing , drawings , on film and in interviews . Controversial through his political and peace activism , he moved to Manhattan in 1971 , where his criticism of the Vietnam War resulted in a lengthy attempt by Richard Nixon 's administration to deport him , while some of his songs were adopted as anthems by the anti-war movement and the larger counterculture .   By 2012 , Lennon 's solo album sales in the United States exceeded 14 million and , as writer , co-writer , or performer , he is responsible for 25 number-one singles on the US Hot 100 chart . In 2002 , a BBC poll on the 100 Greatest Britons voted him eighth and , in 2008 , Rolling Stone ranked him the fifth-greatest singer of all time . He was posthumously inducted into the Songwriters Hall of Fame in 1987 , and into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame twice , in 1988 as a member of the Beatles and in 1994 as a solo artist .


Agatha Christie was a short story writer.

Agatha Christie Dame Agatha Mary Clarissa Christie , Lady Mallowan , DBE ( née Miller ; 15 September 1890 -- 12 January 1976 ) was an English crime novelist , short story writer and playwright . She is best known for her 66 detective novels and 14 short story collections , particularly those revolving around her fictional detectives Hercule Poirot and Miss Marple . She also wrote the world 's longest-running play , a murder mystery , The Mousetrap , and six romances under the name Mary Westmacott . In 1971 she was made a Dame for her contribution to literature .   Christie was born into a wealthy upper-middle-class family in Torquay , Devon . She served in a Devon hospital during the First World War , tending to troops coming back from the trenches , before marrying and starting a family in London . She was initially an unsuccessful writer , but this all changed for the better when The Mysterious Affair at Styles was published in 1920 featuring Hercule Poirot . During the Second World War she worked as a pharmacy assistant at University College Hospital , London during the Blitz and acquired a good knowledge of poisons which featured in many of her novels .   Guinness World Records lists Christie as the best-selling novelist of all time . Her novels have sold roughly 2 billion copies , and her estate claims that her works come third in the rankings of the world 's most-widely published books , behind only Shakespeare 's works and the Bible . According to Index Translationum , she remains the most-translated individual author -- having been translated into at least 103 languages . And Then There Were None is Christie 's best-selling novel , with 100 million sales to date , making it the world 's best-selling mystery ever , and one of the best-selling books of all time .  Christie 's stage play The Mousetrap holds the world record for longest initial run . It opened at the Ambassadors Theatre in the West End on 25 November 1952 and is still running after more than 25,000 performances .   In 1955 , Christie was the first recipient of the Mystery Writers of America 's highest honour , the Grand Master Award . Later the same year , Witness for the Prosecution received an Edgar Award by the MWA for Best Play .  In 2013 , The Murder of Roger Ackroyd was voted the best crime novel ever by 600 fellow writers of the Crime Writers ' Association . On 15 September 2015 , coinciding with her 125th birthday , And Then There Were None was named the `` World 's Favourite Christie '' in a vote sponsored by the author 's estate . Most of her books and short stories have been adapted for television , radio , video games and comics , and more than thirty feature films have been based on her work .


Anderson Silva was born in the year 1975 on the month April.

Anderson Silva Anderson da Silva ( -LSB- ˈɐ̃deʁsõ ˈsiwvɐ -RSB- ; born April 14 , 1975 ) is a Brazilian mixed martial artist and former UFC Middleweight Champion . Silva holds the longest title streak in UFC history , which ended in 2013 after 2,457 days , with 16 consecutive wins and 10 title defenses . He has 13 post-fight bonuses , the second most in UFC history . UFC president Dana White and several mixed-martial-arts publications have called Silva the greatest mixed martial artist of all time . He is currently ranked the # 6 contender in official UFC middleweight rankings .


Schindler's List was awarded The Grammy Award for Best Album.

Grammy Award A Grammy Award ( originally called Gramophone Award ) , or Grammy , is an honor awarded by The Recording Academy to recognize outstanding achievement in the mainly English-language music industry . The annual presentation ceremony features performances by prominent artists , and the presentation of those awards that have a more popular interest . It shares recognition of the music industry as that of the other performance awards such as the Emmy Awards ( television ) , the Tony Awards ( stage performance ) , and the Academy Awards ( motion pictures ) .   The first Grammy Awards ceremony was held on May 4 , 1959 , to honor and respect the musical accomplishments by performers for the year 1958 . Following the 2011 ceremony , The Academy overhauled many Grammy Award categories for 2012 . The 59th Grammy Awards , honoring the best achievements from October 2015 to September 2016 , was held on February 12 , 2017 , at the Staples Center in Los Angeles .


Schindler's List Schindler 's List is a 1993 American epic historical period drama film directed and co-produced by Steven Spielberg and scripted by Steven Zaillian . It is based on the novel Schindler 's Ark by Australian novelist Thomas Keneally . The film relates a period in the life of Oskar Schindler , an ethnic German businessman , during which he saved the lives of more than a thousand mostly Polish-Jewish refugees from the Holocaust by employing them in his factories during World War II . It stars Liam Neeson as Schindler , Ralph Fiennes as SS officer Amon Göth , and Ben Kingsley as Schindler 's Jewish accountant Itzhak Stern .   Ideas for a film about the Schindlerjuden ( Schindler Jews ) were proposed as early as 1963 . Poldek Pfefferberg , one of the Schindlerjuden , made it his life 's mission to tell the story of Schindler . Spielberg became interested in the story when executive Sidney Sheinberg sent him a book review of Schindler 's Ark. . Universal Pictures bought the rights to the novel , but Spielberg , unsure if he was ready to make a film about the Holocaust , tried to pass the project to several other directors before finally deciding to direct the film himself .   Principal photography took place in Kraków , Poland , over the course of 72 days in 1993 . Spielberg shot the film in black and white and approached it as a documentary . Cinematographer Janusz Kamiński wanted to give the film a sense of timelessness . John Williams composed the score , and violinist Itzhak Perlman performs the film 's main theme .   Schindler 's List premiered on November 30 , 1993 , in Washington , D.C. and it was released on December 15 , 1993 , in the United States . Often listed among the greatest films ever made , it was also a box office success , earning $ 321.2 million worldwide on a $ 22 million budget . It was the recipient of seven Academy Awards ( out of twelve nominations ) , including Best Picture , Best Director , Best Adapted Screenplay , and Best Original Score , as well as numerous other awards ( including seven BAFTAs and three Golden Globes ) . In 2007 , the American Film Institute ranked the film 8th on its list of the 100 best American films of all time . The Library of Congress selected it for preservation in the National Film Registry in 2004 .


The 1998 NFL Draft was held at Madison Square Garden April 18 -- 19.

1998 NFL Draft The 1998 NFL draft was the procedure by which National Football League teams selected amateur college football players . It is officially known as the NFL Annual Player Selection Meeting . The draft was held April 18 -- 19 , 1998 , at the Theater at Madison Square Garden in New York City , New York . The league also held a supplemental draft after the regular draft and before the regular season .   Before the draft , there was a debate on whether the Indianapolis Colts should select Peyton Manning or Ryan Leaf with the first overall pick ; both were considered excellent prospects and future franchise quarterbacks . Leaf was considered to have more upside and a stronger throwing arm , while Manning was considered a prospect who was NFL ready and more mature . On the day of the draft , the Colts selected Manning due to Leaf 's disdain for Indianapolis . Manning went on to win the Most Valuable Player award in five different seasons , the most of any NFL player ever , whereas Leaf was out of the NFL by 2002 and is considered one of the biggest draft busts in NFL history .


Charles, Prince of Wales founded The Prince's Trust in March of 1976.

Charles, Prince of Wales Charles , Prince of Wales ( Charles Philip Arthur George ; born 14 November 1948 ) is the eldest child and heir apparent of Queen Elizabeth II . Known alternatively in South West England as Duke of Cornwall and in Scotland as Duke of Rothesay , he is the longest-serving heir apparent in British history , having held the position since 1952 . He is also the oldest person to be next in line to the throne since Sophia of Hanover ( the heir presumptive to Queen Anne ) , who died in 1714 at the age of 83 .   Charles was born at Buckingham Palace as the first grandchild of King George VI and Queen Elizabeth . He was educated at Cheam and Gordonstoun Schools , which his father , Prince Philip , Duke of Edinburgh , had attended as a child , as well as the Timbertop campus of Geelong Grammar School in Victoria , Australia . After earning a bachelor of arts degree from Trinity College , Cambridge , Charles served in the Royal Navy from 1971 to 1976 .   In 1981 , he married Lady Diana Spencer and they had two sons : Prince William ( born 1982 ) later to become Duke of Cambridge , and Prince Harry ( born 1984 ) . In 1996 , the couple divorced , following well-publicised extramarital affairs . Diana died in a car crash in Paris the following year . In 2005 , Charles married Camilla Parker Bowles .   Charles 's interests encompass a range of humanitarian and social issues : he founded The Prince 's Trust in 1976 , sponsors The Prince 's Charities , and is patron of numerous other charitable and arts organisations . Charles has long championed organic farming for which he established the Duchy Home Farm , run by the Duchy of Cornwall , which produces ingredients for the Duchy Originals brand which he founded in 1990 . Charles has sought to raise world awareness of the dangers facing the natural environment , such as climate change . As an environmentalist , he has received numerous awards and recognition from environmental groups around the world . His support for alternative medicine , including homeopathy , has been criticised by some in the medical community . He has been outspoken on the role of architecture in society and the conservation of historic buildings . Subsequently , Charles created Poundbury , an experimental new town based on his theories , in Dorset in 1993 . He has authored a number of books , including A Vision of Britain : A Personal View of Architecture in 1989 and the children 's book The Old Man of Lochnagar in 1980 .


Vincente Minnelli directed An American in Paris.

Vincente Minnelli Vincente Minnelli ( February 28 , 1903 -- July 25 , 1986 ) was an American stage director and film director , famous for directing such classic movie musicals as Meet Me in St. Louis , Gigi , The Band Wagon , and An American in Paris . In addition to having directed some of the most famous and well-remembered musicals of his time , Minnelli made many comedies and melodramas . He was married to Judy Garland from 1945 until 1951 ; they were the parents of Liza Minnelli .


Russian oligarch A Russian oligarch ( see the related term `` New Russians '' ) are wealthy businessmen of the former Soviet republics who rapidly accumulated wealth during the era of Russian privatization in the aftermath of the dissolution of the Soviet Union in the 1990s . The failing Soviet state left the ownership of state assets contested , which allowed for informal deals with former USSR officials ( mostly in Russia and Ukraine ) as a means to acquire state property . Harvard medieval historian Edward L. Keenan has drawn a comparison between the current Russian system of oligarchs and the system of powerful Boyars which emerged in late-Medieval Muscovy .   The Russian oligarchs are business entrepreneurs who emerged under Mikhail Gorbachev ( General Secretary 1985-1991 ) during his period of market liberalization .


Alexander Lebedev Alexander Yevgenievich Lebedev ( -LSB- Алекса́ндр Евге́ньевич Ле́бедев , p = ɐlʲɪˈksandr jɪvˈɡʲenʲjɪvʲɪtɕ ˈlʲebʲɪdʲɪf -RSB- born 16 December 1959 ) is a Russian businessman , referred to as one of the Russian oligarchs .   In March 2012 , he was listed by Forbes magazine as one of the richest Russians with an estimated fortune of $ 1.1 billion . However , his fortune has since declined , and he is no longer considered to be a billionaire . He is part owner of the Russian newspaper Novaya Gazeta and owner of two UK newspapers with son Evgeny Lebedev : the London Evening Standard , The Independent .


Bentley Bentley Motors Limited ( -LSB- ˈbɛntli -RSB- ) is a British manufacturer and marketer of luxury cars and SUVs -- and a subsidiary of Volkswagen AG since 1998 .   Headquartered in Crewe , England , the company was founded as Bentley Motors Limited by W. O. Bentley in 1919 in Cricklewood , North London -- and became widely known for winning the 24 Hours of Le Mans in 1924 , 1927 , 1928 , 1929 , 1930 , and 2003 .   Prominent models extend from the historic sports-racing Bentley 4 1/2 Litre and Bentley Speed Six ; the more recent Bentley R Type Continental , Bentley Turbo R , and Bentley Arnage ; to its current model line -- including the Continental Flying Spur , Continental GT , Bentley Bentayga and the Mulsanne -- which are marketed worldwide , with China its largest market as of November 2012 .   Today most Bentleys are assembled at the company 's Crewe factory , with a small number assembled at Volkswagen 's Dresden factory Germany , and with bodies for the Continental manufactured in Zwickau and the Bentayga manufactured at the Volkswagen Bratislava Plant .   The joining and eventual separation of Bentley and Rolls-Royce follows a series of mergers and acquisitions , beginning with the 1931 purchase by Rolls-Royce of Bentley , then in receivership . In 1971 , Rolls-Royce itself was forced into receivership and the UK government nationalised the company -- splitting into two companies the aerospace division ( Rolls-Royce Plc ) and automotive ( Rolls-Royce Motors Limited ) divisions -- the latter retaining the Bentley subdivision . Rolls-Royce Motors was subsequently sold to engineering conglomerate , Vickers and in 1998 , Vickers sold Rolls-Royce to Volkswagen AG .   Intellectual property rights to both the name Rolls-Royce as well as the company 's logo had been retained not by Rolls-Royce Motors , but by aerospace company , Rolls-Royce Plc , which had continued to license both to the automotive division . Thus the sale of `` Rolls-Royce '' to VW included the Bentley name and logos , vehicle designs , model nameplates , production and administrative facilities , the Spirit of Ecstasy and Rolls-Royce grille shape trademarks ( subsequently sold to BMW by VW ) -- but not the rights to the Rolls-Royce name or logo . The aerospace company , Rolls-Royce Plc , ultimately sold both to BMW AG .


The world's second highest level of biodiversity is in Indonesia.

Indonesia Indonesia ( -LSB- ɪndəˈniːʒə -RSB- or -LSB- ˌɪndoʊˈniːziə -RSB- ; Indonesian : -LSB- ɪndonesia -RSB- ) , officially the Republic of Indonesia ( -LSB- rɛpublik ɪndonesia -RSB- ) , is a unitary sovereign state and transcontinental country located mainly in Southeast Asia with some territories in Oceania . Situated between the Indian and Pacific oceans , it is the world 's largest island country , with more than seventeen thousand islands . At 1,904,569 km2 , Indonesia is the world 's 14th-largest country in terms of land area and world 's 7th-largest country in terms of combined sea and land area . It has an estimated population of over 260 million people and is the world 's fourth most populous country , the most populous Austronesian nation , as well as the most populous Muslim-majority country . The world 's most populous island , Java , contains more than half of the country 's population .   Indonesia 's republican form of government includes an elected legislature and president . Indonesia has 34 provinces , of which five have Special Administrative status . Its capital and country 's most populous city is Jakarta , which is also the most populous city in Southeast Asia and the second in Asia . The country shares land borders with Papua New Guinea , East Timor , and the eastern part of Malaysia . Other neighbouring countries include Singapore , Vietnam , the Philippines , Australia , Palau , and the Indian territory of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands . Despite its large population and densely populated regions , Indonesia has vast areas of wilderness that support the world 's second highest level of biodiversity . The country has abundant natural resources like oil and natural gas , tin , copper and gold . Agriculture mainly produces rice , palm oil , tea , coffee , cacao , medicinal plants , spices and rubber . Indonesia 's major trading partners are Japan , United States , China and the surrounding countries of Singapore , Malaysia and Australia .   The Indonesian archipelago has been an important region for trade since at least the 7th century , when Srivijaya and then later Majapahit traded with China and India . Local rulers gradually absorbed foreign cultural , religious and political models from the early centuries CE , and Hindu and Buddhist kingdoms flourished . Indonesian history has been influenced by foreign powers drawn to its natural resources . Muslim traders and Sufi scholars brought the now-dominant Islam , while European powers brought Christianity and fought one another to monopolise trade in the Spice Islands of Maluku during the Age of Discovery . Following three and a half centuries of Dutch colonialism starting from Amboina and Batavia , and eventually all of the archipelago including Timor and Western New Guinea , at times interrupted by Portuguese , French and British rule , Indonesia secured its independence after World War II .   Indonesia consists of hundreds of distinct native ethnic and linguistic groups , with the largest -- and politically dominant -- ethnic group being the Javanese . The population is unevenly spread throughout the islands within a variety of habitats and levels of development , ranging from the megalopolis of Jakarta to uncontacted tribes in the east . A shared identity has developed , defined by a national language , ethnic diversity , religious pluralism within a Muslim-majority population , and a history of colonialism and rebellion against it . Indonesia 's national motto , `` Bhinneka Tunggal Ika '' ( `` Unity in Diversity '' literally , `` many , yet one '' ) , articulates the diversity that shapes the country . Indonesia 's economy is the world 's 16th largest by nominal GDP and the 8th largest by GDP at PPP , the largest in Southeast Asia , and is considered an emerging market and newly industrialised country . Indonesia has been a member of the United Nations since 1950 . Indonesia was an organizer of the Bandung Conference and was the founder of Non-Aligned Movement ; and also the founding member of Association of Southeast Asian Nations , Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation , East Asia Summit , and Organisation of Islamic Cooperation . Indonesia is a member of the G20 major economies and World Trade Organization .


Cerebral palsy Cerebral palsy ( CP ) is a group of permanent movement disorders that appear in early childhood . Signs and symptoms vary among people . Often , symptoms include poor coordination , stiff muscles , weak muscles , and tremors . There may be problems with sensation , vision , hearing , swallowing , and speaking . Often babies with cerebral palsy do not roll over , sit , crawl , or walk as early as other children of their age . Other symptoms include seizures and problems with thinking or reasoning , each of which occurs in about one third of people with CP . While the symptoms may get more noticeable over the first few years of life , the underlying problems do not worsen over time .   Cerebral palsy is caused by abnormal development or damage to the parts of the brain that control movement , balance , and posture . Most often the problems occur during pregnancy ; however , they may also occur during childbirth , or shortly after birth . Often the cause is unknown . Risk factors include preterm birth , being a twin , certain infections during pregnancy such as toxoplasmosis or rubella , exposure to methylmercury during pregnancy , a difficult delivery , and head trauma during the first few years of life , among others . About 2 % of cases are believed to be due to an inherited genetic cause . A number of sub-types are classified based on the specific problems present . For example , those with stiff muscles have spastic cerebral palsy , those with poor coordination have ataxic cerebral palsy , and those with writhing movements have athetoid cerebral palsy . Diagnosis is based on the child 's development over time . Blood tests and medical imaging may be used to rule out other possible causes .   CP is partly preventable through immunization of the mother and efforts to prevent head injuries in children such as through improved safety . There is no cure for CP ; however , supportive treatments , medications , and surgery may help many individuals . This may include physical therapy , occupational therapy , and speech therapy . Medications such as diazepam , baclofen , and botulinum toxin may help relax stiff muscles . Surgery may include lengthening muscles and cutting overly active nerves . Often external braces and other assistive technology are helpful . Some affected children can achieve near normal adult lives with appropriate treatment . While alternative medicines are frequently used there is no evidence to support their use .   CP is the most common movement disorder in children . It occurs in about 2.1 per 1,000 live births . Cerebral palsy has been documented throughout history with the first known descriptions occurring in the work of Hippocrates in the 5th century BCE . Extensive study of the condition began in the 19th century by William John Little , after whom spastic diplegia was called `` Little disease '' . William Osler first named it `` cerebral palsy '' from the German `` zerebrale Kinderlähmung '' ( cerebral child-paralysis ) . A number of potential treatments are being examined , including stem cell therapy . However , more research is required to determine if it is effective and safe .


Lost Highway (film) was directed by a director.

David Lynch David Keith Lynch ( born January 20 , 1946 ) is an American director , screenwriter , producer , painter , musician , and photographer . He has been described by The Guardian as `` the most important director of this era . '' AllMovie called him `` the Renaissance man of modern American filmmaking '' , while the success of his films has led to him being labelled `` the first popular Surrealist . ''   Born to a middle-class family in Missoula , Montana , Lynch spent his childhood traveling around the United States , before going on to study painting at the Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts in Philadelphia , where he first made the transition to producing short films . He moved to Los Angeles , where he produced his first motion picture , the surrealist horror film Eraserhead ( 1977 ) . After Eraserhead became a cult classic on the midnight movie circuit , Lynch was employed to direct a biographical film about a deformed man , Joseph Merrick , titled The Elephant Man ( 1980 ) , from which he gained mainstream success . He was then employed by the De Laurentiis Entertainment Group , and proceeded to make two films : the science-fiction epic Dune ( 1984 ) , which proved to be a critical and commercial failure , and then a neo-noir crime film , Blue Velvet ( 1986 ) , which stirred controversy over its violence but grew in critical reputation later on .   Next , Lynch created his own television series with Mark Frost , the popular murder mystery Twin Peaks ( 1990 -- 1991 ; 2017 ) : he also created a cinematic prequel , Twin Peaks : Fire Walk with Me ( 1992 ) ; a road movie , Wild at Heart ( 1990 ) ; and a family film , The Straight Story ( 1999 ) ; in the same period . Turning further towards surrealist filmmaking , three of his subsequent films operated on `` dream logic '' , non-linear narrative structures : the psychological thriller Lost Highway ( 1997 ) , the neo-noir mystery film Mulholland Drive ( 2001 ) and the mystery film Inland Empire ( 2006 ) . Meanwhile , Lynch embraced the Internet as a medium , producing several web-based shows , such as the animated DumbLand ( 2002 ) and the surreal sitcom Rabbits ( 2002 ) .   Other endeavours of his include : his work as a singer-songwriter , having released two solo albums -- Crazy Clown Time ( 2011 ) and The Big Dream ( 2013 ) ; music for various of his films including `` Ghost of Love '' for Inland Empire ; the David Lynch Foundation , which he founded to fund the teaching of Transcendental Meditation in schools ; painting and photography ; writing two books -- Images ( 1994 ) and Catching the Big Fish ( 2006 ) ; and directing several music videos and commercials .   Lynch has received three Academy Award nominations for Best Director and a nomination for best screenplay . He has won France 's César Award for Best Foreign Film twice , as well as the Palme d'Or at the Cannes Film Festival and a Golden Lion award for lifetime achievement at the Venice Film Festival . The French government awarded him the Legion of Honor , the country 's top civilian honor , as a Chevalier in 2002 and then an Officier in 2007 . Blue Velvet and Mulholland Drive are widely considered by critics to be among the greatest films of their respective decades .


Lost Highway (film) Lost Highway is a 1997 French-American film written and directed by David Lynch . It stars Bill Pullman as a man convicted of murdering his wife ( Patricia Arquette ) , after which he inexplicably morphs into a young mechanic and begins leading a new life . The movie , which has noir elements , features the last film appearances of Robert Blake , Jack Nance , and Richard Pryor , and the acting debut of Marilyn Manson .   Lynch co-wrote the screenplay with Barry Gifford , whose novel served as the basis for Lynch 's film Wild at Heart ( 1990 ) . Lynch conceived Lost Highway after the critical and box office failure of Twin Peaks : Fire Walk with Me ( 1992 ) , a film adaptation and follow-up to the cult television series Twin Peaks .   Despite receiving mixed reviews , Lost Highway has developed a cult following and is greatly admired by some critics . In 2003 , the film was adapted as an opera .


The Mothers of Invention was the band with which Frank Zappa released his debut album.

Frank Zappa Frank Vincent Zappa ( December 21 , 1940 -- December 4 , 1993 ) was an American musician , activist and filmmaker . His work was characterized by nonconformity , free-form improvisation , sound experiments , musical virtuosity , and satire of American culture . In a career spanning more than 30 years , Zappa composed rock , pop , jazz , jazz fusion , orchestral and musique concrète works , and produced almost all of the 60-plus albums that he released with his band the Mothers of Invention and as a solo artist . Zappa also directed feature-length films and music videos , and designed album covers . He is considered one of the most innovative and stylistically diverse rock musicians of his generation .   As a self-taught composer and performer , Zappa 's diverse musical influences led him to create music that was sometimes difficult to categorize . While in his teens , he acquired a taste for 20th-century classical composers such as Edgard Varèse , Igor Stravinsky , and Anton Webern , along with 1950s rhythm and blues and doo-wop music . He began writing classical music in high school , while at the same time playing drums in rhythm and blues bands ; later switching to electric guitar . His 1966 debut album with the Mothers of Invention , Freak Out ! , combined songs in conventional rock and roll format with collective improvisations and studio-generated sound collages . He continued this eclectic and experimental approach , irrespective of whether the fundamental format was rock , jazz or classical .   Zappa 's output is unified by a conceptual continuity he termed `` Project/Object '' , with numerous musical phrases , ideas , and characters reappearing across his albums . His lyrics reflected his iconoclastic views of established social and political processes , structures and movements , often humorously so . He was a strident critic of mainstream education and organized religion , and a forthright and passionate advocate for freedom of speech , self-education , political participation and the abolition of censorship . Unlike many other rock musicians of his era , he personally disapproved of and seldom used drugs , but supported their decriminalization and regulation .   During Zappa 's lifetime , he was a highly productive and prolific artist , earning widespread acclaim from critics and fellow musicians . He had some commercial success , particularly in Europe , and worked as an independent artist for most of his career . He remains a major influence on musicians and composers . His honors include an induction into the 1995 Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and the 1997 Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award . In 2000 , he was ranked number 36 on VH1 's 100 Greatest Artists of Hard Rock . In 2004 , Rolling Stone magazine ranked him at number 71 on its list of the `` 100 Greatest Artists of All Time '' , and in 2011 at number 22 on its list of the `` 100 Greatest Guitarists of All Time '' .


The Mothers of Invention The Mothers of Invention were an American rock band from California that served as the backing musicians for Frank Zappa . Formed in 1964 , their work is marked by the use of sonic experimentation , innovative album art , and elaborate live shows .   Originally an R&B band called the Soul Giants , the band 's original lineup included Ray Collins , David Coronado , Ray Hunt , Roy Estrada and Jimmy Carl Black . Zappa was asked to take over as the guitarist following a fight between Collins and Coronado , the band 's original saxophonist/leader . Zappa insisted that they perform his original material , changing their name on Mothers Day to the Mothers . After record executives objected to the name it was changed . Zappa later said `` out of necessity , we became the Mothers of Invention . ''   After early struggles , the Mothers earned substantial popular commercial success . The band first became popular playing in California 's underground music scene in the late 1960s . Under Zappa 's helm , it was signed to jazz label Verve Records as part of the label 's diversification plans . Verve released the Mothers of Invention 's début double album Freak Out ! in 1966 , featuring a lineup including Zappa , Collins , Black , Estrada and Elliot Ingber . Don Preston joined the band soon after .   Under Zappa 's leadership and a changing lineup , the band released a series of critically acclaimed albums , including Absolutely Free , We 're Only in It for the Money and Uncle Meat , before being disbanded by Zappa in 1969 . In 1970 , he formed a new version of the Mothers that included Ian Underwood , Jeff Simmons , George Duke , Aynsley Dunbar and singers Mark Volman and Howard Kaylan ( formerly of the Turtles , but who for contractual reasons were credited in this band as the Phlorescent Leech & Eddie ) . Later adding another ex-Turtle , bassist Jim Pons , this lineup endured through 1971 , when Zappa was injured by an audience member during a concert appearance .   Zappa focused on big-band and orchestral music while recovering from his injuries , and in 1973 formed the Mothers ' final lineup , which included drummer Ralph Humphrey , trumpeter Sal Marquez , keyboardist/vocalist George Duke , trombonist Bruce Fowler , bassist Tom Fowler , percussionist Ruth Underwood and keyboardist/saxophonist Ian Underwood . The final album using the Mothers as a backing band , Bongo Fury ( 1975 ) , featured guitarist Denny Walley and drummer Terry Bozzio , who continued to play for Zappa on non-Mothers releases .


Jamaicans for Justice Jamaicans for Justice ( JFJ ) is a non-profit , non-partisan , non-violent volunteer citizens ' rights action group . Jamaicans for Justice ( JFJ ) was founded in 1999 in Kingston , Jamaica . The group was co-founded by Jamaican human rights activist Dr. Carolyn Gomes who in 2008 was awarded the United Nations Prize in the Field of Human Rights .


Black and yellow are the colors of Borussia Dortmund.

Borussia Dortmund Ballspielverein Borussia 09 e.V. Dortmund , commonly known as Borussia Dortmund -LSB- boˈʁʊsi̯aː ˈdɔʁtmʊnt -RSB- , BVB , or simply Dortmund , is a German sports club based in Dortmund , North Rhine-Westphalia ( Borussia is the Latin equivalent of Prussia ) . The football team is part of a large membership-based sports club with more than 145,000 members , making BVB the second largest sports club by membership in Germany . Dortmund plays in the Bundesliga , the top tier of the German football league system . Dortmund is one of the most successful clubs in German football history .   Borussia Dortmund was founded in 1909 by eighteen football players from Dortmund . Borussia Dortmund have won eight German championships , four DFB-Pokals , five DFL-Supercups , one UEFA Champions League , one UEFA Cup Winners ' Cup , and one Intercontinental Cup . Their Cup Winners ' Cup win in 1966 made them the first German club to win a European title .   Since 1974 , Dortmund have played their home games at Westfalenstadion , named after its home region of Westphalia . The stadium is the largest in Germany and Dortmund has the highest average attendance of any association football club in the world . Borussia Dortmund 's colours are black and yellow , giving the club its nickname die Schwarzgelben . Dortmund holds a long-standing rivalry with Ruhr neighbours Schalke 04 , known as the Revierderby . In terms of Deloitte 's annual Football Money League , Dortmund is the second biggest sports club in Germany and the 11th biggest football team in the world .


Heroin Heroin , also known as diamorphine among other names , is an opiate most commonly used as a recreational drug for its euphoric effects . Medically it is occasionally used to relieve pain and in opioid replacement therapy . Heroin is typically injected , usually into a vein ; however , it can also be smoked , snorted or inhaled . Onset of effects is usually rapid and lasts for a few hours .   Common side effects include respiratory depression ( decreased breathing ) and about a quarter of those who use heroin become physically dependent . Other side effects can include abscesses , infected heart valves , blood borne infections , constipation , and pneumonia . After a history of long-term use , withdrawal symptoms can begin within hours of last use . When given by injection into a vein , heroin has two to three times the effect as a similar dose of morphine . It typically comes as a white or brown powder .   Treatment of heroin addiction often includes behavioral therapy and medications . Medications used may include methadone or naltrexone . A heroin overdose may be treated with naloxone . An estimated 17 million people as of 2015 use opiates such as heroin , which together with opioids resulted in 122,000 deaths . The total number of opiate users has increased from 1998 to 2007 after which it has remained more or less stable . In the United States about 1.6 percent of people have used heroin at some point in time . When people die from overdosing on a drug , the drug is usually an opioid .   Heroin was first made by C. R. Alder Wright in 1874 from morphine , a natural product of the opium poppy . Internationally , heroin is controlled under Schedules I and IV of the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs . It is generally illegal to make , possess , or sell heroin without a license . In 2015 Afghanistan produced about 66 % of the world 's opium . Often heroin , which is illegally sold , is mixed with other substances such as sugar or strychnine .


Empress Matilda Empress Matilda ( c. 7 February 110210 September 1167 ) , also known as the Empress Maude , was the claimant to the English throne during the civil war known as the Anarchy . The daughter of King Henry I of England , she moved to Germany as a child when she married the future Holy Roman Emperor Henry V . She travelled with her husband into Italy in 1116 , was controversially crowned in St. Peter 's Basilica , and acted as the imperial regent in Italy . Matilda and Henry had no children , and when Henry died in 1125 , the crown was claimed by Lothair II , one of his political enemies .   Meanwhile , Matilda 's younger brother , William Adelin , died in the White Ship disaster of 1120 , leaving England facing a potential succession crisis . On Henry V 's death , Matilda was recalled to Normandy by her father , who arranged for her to marry Geoffrey of Anjou to form an alliance to protect his southern borders . Henry I had no further legitimate children and nominated Matilda as his heir , making his court swear an oath of loyalty to her and her successors , but the decision was not popular in the Anglo-Norman court . Henry died in 1135 but Matilda and Geoffrey faced opposition from the Norman barons and were unable to pursue their claims . The throne was instead taken by Matilda 's cousin Stephen of Blois , who enjoyed the backing of the English Church . Stephen took steps to solidify his new regime , but faced threats both from neighbouring powers and from opponents within his kingdom .   In 1139 Matilda crossed to England to take the kingdom by force , supported by her half-brother , Robert of Gloucester , and her uncle , King David I of Scotland , while Geoffrey focused on conquering Normandy . Matilda 's forces captured Stephen at the Battle of Lincoln in 1141 , but the Empress 's attempt to be crowned at Westminster collapsed in the face of bitter opposition from the London crowds . As a result of this retreat , Matilda was never formally declared Queen of England , and was instead titled the Lady of the English . Robert was captured following the Rout of Winchester in 1141 , and Matilda agreed to exchange him for Stephen . Matilda became trapped in Oxford Castle by Stephen 's forces that winter , and was forced to escape across the frozen River Isis at night to avoid capture . The war degenerated into a stalemate , with Matilda controlling much of the south-west of England , and Stephen the south-east and the Midlands . Large parts of the rest of the country were in the hands of local , independent barons .   Matilda returned to Normandy , now in the hands of her husband , in 1148 , leaving her eldest son to continue the campaign in England ; he eventually succeeded to the throne as Henry II in 1154 . She settled her court near Rouen and for the rest of her life concerned herself with the administration of Normandy , acting on Henry 's behalf when necessary . Particularly in the early years of her son 's reign , she provided political advice and attempted to mediate during the Becket controversy . She worked extensively with the Church , founding Cistercian monasteries , and was known for her piety . She was buried under the high altar at Bec Abbey after her death in 1167 .


All My Children's setting is in a fictitious suburb of Philadelphia.

All My Children All My Children ( often shortened to AMC ) is an American television soap opera that aired on ABC for 41 years , from January 5 , 1970 , to September 23 , 2011 , and on The Online Network ( TOLN ) from April 29 to September 2 , 2013 , via Hulu , Hulu Plus , and iTunes . Created by Agnes Nixon , All My Children is set in Pine Valley , Pennsylvania , a fictional suburb of Philadelphia , which is modeled on the actual Philadelphia suburb of Rosemont . The original series featured Susan Lucci as Erica Kane , one of daytime 's most popular characters . The title of the series refers to the bonds of humanity . All My Children was the first new network daytime drama to debut in the 1970s . Originally owned by Creative Horizons , Inc. , the company created by Nixon and her husband , Bob , the show was sold to ABC in January 1975 . The series started at a half-hour in per-installment length , then was expanded to a full hour on April 25 , 1977 . Earlier , the show had experimented with the full-hour format for one week starting on June 30 , 1975 , after which Ryan 's Hope premiered .   From 1970 to 1990 , All My Children was recorded at ABC 's TV18 at 101 West 67th St , now a 50-story apartment tower . From March 1990 to December 2009 , it was taped at ABC 's Studio TV23 at 320 West 66th Street in Manhattan , New York City , New York . In December 2009 , the locale for taping the series moved from Manhattan to less costly Los Angeles , California . The show was then produced in Stages 1 and 2 at the Andrita Studios in Los Angeles , California , from 2010 to 2011 , and then at the Connecticut Film Center in Stamford , Connecticut . All My Children started taping in high definition on January 4 , 2010 , and began airing in high definition on February 3 , 2010 . All My Children became the third soap opera to be produced and broadcast in high definition .   At one point , the program 's popularity positioned it as the most widely recorded television show in the United States . Also , in a departure from societal norms at the time , All My Children , in the mid-1970s , had an audience that was estimated to be 30 % male . The show ranked No. 1 in the daytime Nielsen ratings in the 1978 -- 79 season . Throughout most of the 1980s and into the early 1990s , All My Children was the No. 2 daytime soap opera on the air . However , like the rest of the soap operas in the United States , All My Children experienced unprecedented declines in its daytime ratings during the 2000s . By the 2010s , it had become one of the least watched soap operas in daytime television .   On April 14 , 2011 , it was announced that ABC canceled All My Children after 41 years on the air due to low ratings . On July 7 , 2011 , ABC sold the licensing rights of All My Children to third-party production company Prospect Park with the show set to continue on the internet as a series of webisodes . The show taped its final scenes for ABC on August 30 , 2011 , and its final episode on the network aired on September 23 , 2011 , with a cliffhanger . On September 26 , 2011 , the following Monday , ABC replaced All My Children with a newly debuted talk show The Chew . Prospect Park had suspended its plan to revive the series on November 23 , 2011 , due to lack of funding and unsuccessful negotiation with the union organizations representing the actors and crews . On January 7 , 2013 , Prospect Park officially brought back its project to restore All My Children as a web series . The show taped its first scenes for Prospect Park TOLN on February 18 , 2013 , and its first episode on the network aired on April 29 , 2013 . However , the new series faced several behind-the-scene obstacles throughout its run . On November 11 , 2013 , several All My Children cast members announced that Prospect Park had closed production and canceled the series again . ABC regained the rights to the show in December 2016 .


International Space Station is suited for the testing of spacecraft equipment for missions to Mars.

International Space Station The International Space Station ( ISS ) is a space station , or a habitable artificial satellite , in low Earth orbit . Its first component launched into orbit in 1998 , and the ISS is now the largest man-made body in low Earth orbit and can often be seen with the naked eye from Earth . The ISS consists of pressurised modules , external trusses , solar arrays , and other components . ISS components have been launched by Russian Proton and Soyuz rockets , and American Space Shuttles .   The ISS serves as a microgravity and space environment research laboratory in which crew members conduct experiments in biology , human biology , physics , astronomy , meteorology , and other fields . The station is suited for the testing of spacecraft systems and equipment required for missions to the Moon and Mars . The ISS maintains an orbit with an altitude of between 330 and by means of reboost manoeuvres using the engines of the Zvezda module or visiting spacecraft . It completes orbits per day .   The ISS is the ninth space station to be inhabited by crews , following the Soviet and later Russian Salyut , Almaz , and Mir stations as well as Skylab from the US . The station has been continuously occupied for since the arrival of Expedition 1 on 2 November 2000 . This is the longest continuous human presence in low Earth orbit , having surpassed the previous record of held by Mir . The station is serviced by a variety of visiting spacecraft : the Russian Soyuz and Progress , the American Dragon and Cygnus , the Japanese H-II Transfer Vehicle , and formerly the Space Shuttle and the European Automated Transfer Vehicle . It has been visited by astronauts , cosmonauts and space tourists from 17 different nations .   After the US Space Shuttle programme ended in 2011 , Soyuz rockets became the only provider of transport for astronauts at the International Space Station , and Dragon became the only provider of bulk cargo return to Earth ( called downmass ) . Soyuz has very limited downmass capability .   The ISS programme is a joint project among five participating space agencies : NASA , Roscosmos , JAXA , ESA , and CSA . The ownership and use of the space station is established by intergovernmental treaties and agreements . The station is divided into two sections , the Russian Orbital Segment ( ROS ) and the United States Orbital Segment ( USOS ) , which is shared by many nations . , the American portion of ISS is being funded until 2024 . Roscosmos has endorsed the continued operation of ISS through 2024 but has proposed using elements of the Russian Orbital Segment to construct a new Russian space station called OPSEK .   On 28 March 2015 , Russian sources announced that Roscosmos and NASA had agreed to collaborate on the development of a replacement for the current ISS . NASA later issued a guarded statement expressing thanks for Russia 's interest in future co-operation in space exploration but fell short of confirming the Russian announcement .


Conor McGregor Conor Anthony McGregor ( Irish : Conchúr Antóin Mac Gréagóir ; born 14 July 1988 ) is an Irish professional mixed martial artist who is currently signed to the Ultimate Fighting Championship ( UFC ) . He is the reigning UFC Lightweight Champion , and former UFC Featherweight Champion . During his career , McGregor has competed as a featherweight , lightweight , and welterweight .   In 2008 , McGregor started his mixed martial arts ( MMA ) career and , in 2012 , he won both the Cage Warriors Featherweight and Lightweight Championships , holding both titles concurrently before vacating them to sign with the UFC . In 2015 , at UFC 194 , McGregor defeated José Aldo for the UFC Featherweight Championship via knockout thirteen seconds into the first round . This was the fastest victory in UFC title fight history . Upon defeating Eddie Alvarez for the UFC Lightweight Championship at UFC 205 , McGregor became the first fighter in UFC history to hold titles in two weight divisions simultaneously .   He is known for being the biggest pay-per-view draw in MMA history , as well as his extravagant lifestyle and trash talking .


Willie Nelson has performed in 30 movies.

Willie Nelson Willie Hugh Nelson ( born April 29 , 1933 ) is an American musician , singer , songwriter , author , poet , actor , and activist . The critical success of the album Shotgun Willie ( 1973 ) , combined with the critical and commercial success of Red Headed Stranger ( 1975 ) and Stardust ( 1978 ) , made Nelson one of the most recognized artists in country music . He was one of the main figures of outlaw country , a subgenre of country music that developed in the late 1960s as a reaction to the conservative restrictions of the Nashville sound . Nelson has acted in over 30 films , co-authored several books , and has been involved in activism for the use of biofuels and the legalization of marijuana .   Born during the Great Depression , and raised by his grandparents , Nelson wrote his first song at age seven and joined his first band at ten . During high school , he toured locally with the Bohemian Polka as their lead singer and guitar player . After graduating from high school in 1950 , he joined the Air Force but was later discharged due to back problems . After his return , Nelson attended Baylor University for two years but dropped out because he was succeeding in music . During this time , he worked as a disc jockey in Texas radio stations and a singer in honky-tonks . Nelson moved to Vancouver , Washington , where he wrote `` Family Bible '' and recorded the song `` Lumberjack '' in 1956 . In 1958 , he moved to Houston , Texas , after signing a contract with D Records . He sang at the Esquire Ballroom weekly and he worked as a disk jockey . During that time , he wrote songs that would become country standards , including `` Funny How Time Slips Away '' , `` Hello Walls '' , `` Pretty Paper '' , and `` Crazy '' . In 1960 he moved to Nashville , Tennessee , and later signed a publishing contract with Pamper Music which allowed him to join Ray Price 's band as a bassist . In 1962 , he recorded his first album , ... And Then I Wrote . Due to this success , Nelson signed in 1964 with RCA Victor and joined the Grand Ole Opry the following year . After mid-chart hits in the late 1960s and the early 1970s , Nelson retired in 1972 and moved to Austin , Texas . The ongoing music scene of Austin motivated Nelson to return from retirement , performing frequently at the Armadillo World Headquarters .   In 1973 , after signing with Atlantic Records , Nelson turned to outlaw country , including albums such as Shotgun Willie and Phases and Stages . In 1975 , he switched to Columbia Records , where he recorded the critically acclaimed album Red Headed Stranger . The same year , he recorded another outlaw country album , Wanted ! The Outlaws , along with Waylon Jennings , Jessi Colter , and Tompall Glaser . During the mid-1980s , while creating hit albums like Honeysuckle Rose and recording hit songs like `` On the Road Again '' , `` To All the Girls I 've Loved Before '' , and `` Pancho and Lefty '' , he joined the country supergroup The Highwaymen , along with fellow singers Johnny Cash , Waylon Jennings , and Kris Kristofferson .   In 1990 , Nelson 's assets were seized by the Internal Revenue Service , which claimed that he owed . The difficulty of paying his outstanding debt was aggravated by weak investments he had made during the 1980s . In 1992 , Nelson released The IRS Tapes : Who 'll Buy My Memories ? ; the profits of the double album -- destined to the IRS -- and the auction of Nelson 's assets cleared his debt . During the 1990s and 2000s , Nelson continued touring extensively , and released albums every year . Reviews ranged from positive to mixed . He explored genres such as reggae , blues , jazz , and folk . Nelson made his first movie appearance in the 1979 film The Electric Horseman , followed by other appearances in movies and on television . Nelson is a major liberal activist and the co-chair of the advisory board of the National Organization for the Reform of Marijuana Laws ( NORML ) , which is in favor of marijuana legalization . On the environmental front , Nelson owns the bio-diesel brand Willie Nelson Biodiesel , which is made from vegetable oil . Nelson is also the honorary chairman of the Advisory Board of the Texas Music Project , the official music charity of the state of Texas .


Seminary prepares students called seminarians  studying theology for ordination as clergy, academia, or ministry.

Seminary A seminary , theological seminary , theological college or divinity school is an educational institution for educating students ( sometimes called seminarians ) in theology , generally to prepare them for ordination as clergy , academia , or ministry . The English word is taken from the Latin seminarium , translated as seed-bed , an image taken from the Council of Trent document Cum adolescentium aetas which called for the first modern seminaries . In the West , the term now refers to Roman Catholic educational institutes and has widened to include other Christian denominations and American Jewish institutions .


Spread (food) A spread is a food that is literally spread , generally with a knife , onto food products such as bread and crackers . Spreads are added to food in order to enhance the flavor or texture of the food , which may be considered bland without it . Spreads should be distinguished from dips , such as salsa , which are generally not applied to spread onto food but have food dipped into them instead . Peanut butter is a typical example of spread .   Common spreads include dairy spreads ( such as cheeses , creams , and butters -- although the term butter is broadly applied to many spreads ) , honey , plant-derived spreads ( such as jams , jellies , and hummus ) , yeast spreads ( such as vegemite and marmite ) , and meat-based spreads ( such as pâté ) .


Before We Go Before We Go ( previously titled 1:30 Train ) is a 2014 American independent romantic drama film directed by Chris Evans in his directorial debut , and starring Evans , Alice Eve and Mark Kassen . The film had its world premiere in the special presentations section of the 2014 Toronto International Film Festival . The film was released on video on demand on July 21 , 2015 , and had a limited release on September 4 , 2015 in the United States by Radius-TWC .


Jazz Jennings is not a young trans female.

Jazz Jennings Jazz Jennings ( born ) is an American YouTube personality , spokesmodel , television personality and LGBTQ rights activist . Jennings , a transgender teenage girl , is notable for being one of the youngest publicly documented people to be identified as transgender , and for being the youngest person to become a national transgender figure .   Jennings received national attention in 2007 when an interview with Barbara Walters aired on 20/20 , which led to other high-profile interviews and appearances . Christine Connelly , a member of the board of directors for the Boston Alliance of Gay , Lesbian , Bisexual and Transgender Youth ( BAGLY ) , stated , `` She was the first young person who picked up the national spotlight , went on TV and was able to articulate her perspective and point of view with such innocence . '' Her parents noted that Jennings was clear on being female as soon as she could speak .   Jennings is an honorary co-founder of the TransKids Purple Rainbow Foundation , which she and her parents founded in 2007 to assist transgender youth . In 2013 , she founded Purple Rainbow Tails , a company in which she fashions rubber mermaid tails to raise money for transgender children .   Jennings hosts a series of YouTube videos about her life , titled `` I Am Jazz '' , making her one of the youngest trans females in history to speak out on issues publicly . Jennings stars in the TLC reality TV series , I Am Jazz , which focuses on her life with her family as a teenager and as a transgender youth . The series premiered on July 15 , 2015 .


Tom Cruise Thomas Cruise Mapother IV ( born July 3 , 1962 ) , known professionally as Tom Cruise , is an American actor and producer . He has been nominated for three Academy Awards and has won three Golden Globe Awards . He started his career at age 19 in the film Endless Love ( 1981 ) . After portraying supporting roles in Taps ( 1981 ) and The Outsiders ( 1983 ) , his first leading role was in the romantic comedy Risky Business , released in August 1983 . Cruise became a full-fledged movie star after starring as Pete `` Maverick '' Mitchell in the action drama Top Gun ( 1986 ) . One of the biggest movie stars in Hollywood , Cruise starred in several more successful films in the 1980s , including the dramas The Color of Money ( 1986 ) , Cocktail ( 1988 ) , Rain Man ( 1988 ) , and Born on the Fourth of July ( 1989 ) .   In the 1990s , he starred in a number of hit films , including the romance Far and Away ( 1992 ) , the drama A Few Good Men ( 1992 ) , the legal thriller The Firm ( 1993 ) , the drama horror film Interview with the Vampire ( 1994 ) , the romantic comedy-drama sports film Jerry Maguire ( 1996 ) , the erotic thriller Eyes Wide Shut , and the drama Magnolia ( both 1999 ) . Since 1996 , Cruise has been well known for his role as IMF agent Ethan Hunt in the Mission : Impossible film series , whose most recent film , Mission : Impossible -- Rogue Nation , was released in 2015 .   In the 2000s , Cruise starred in a number of successful films , including the science fiction thrillers Vanilla Sky ( 2001 ) and Minority Report ( 2002 ) , the epic war film The Last Samurai ( 2003 ) , the crime film Collateral ( 2004 ) , the science fiction disaster thriller War of the Worlds ( 2005 ) , and the historical thriller Valkyrie ( 2008 ) .   In the 2010s , he has starred in the action comedy Knight and Day ( 2010 ) , the thriller Jack Reacher ( 2012 ) , the post-apocalyptic science fiction film Oblivion ( 2013 ) , and the military science fiction film Edge of Tomorrow ( 2014 ) . In 2012 , Cruise was Hollywood 's highest-paid actor . 16 of his films grossed over $ 100 million domestically ; 22 have grossed in excess of $ 200 million worldwide .   He has won Golden Globe Awards for Best Performance by an Actor in a Motion Picture in Drama in 1990 for Born on the Fourth of July ; Best Performance by an Actor in a Motion Picture in Comedy/Musical in 1997 for Jerry Maguire ; and Best Performance by an Actor in a Supporting Role in a Motion Picture in 2000 for Magnolia . In 2002 , Cruise won the Saturn Award for Best Actor for Vanilla Sky . In 2003 , he won an AFI Movie of the Year Award for The Last Samurai and an Empire Award for Best Actor for Minority Report .   Cruise is an outspoken advocate for the Church of Scientology and its associated social programs , and credits it with helping him overcome dyslexia . In the 2000s , his criticisms of psychiatry and anti-depressant drugs , particularly therapy for 9/11 rescue workers , and efforts to promote Scientology as a religion in Europe , sparked controversies , as did a leaked video interview of him promoting Scientology .


North Korea North Korea , officially the Democratic People 's Republic of Korea ( DPRK ) , is a country in East Asia constituting the northern part of the Korean Peninsula .  Pyongyang is the nation 's capital and largest city . To the north and northwest the country is bordered by China and by Russia along the Amnok ( known as the Yalu in China ) and Tumen rivers ; it is bordered to the south by South Korea , with the heavily fortified Korean Demilitarized Zone ( DMZ ) separating the two .   In 1910 , Korea was annexed by the Empire of Japan . After the Japanese surrender at the end of World War II in 1945 , Korea was divided into two zones along the 38th parallel by the United States and the Soviet Union , with the north occupied by the Soviets and the south by the Americans . Negotiations on reunification failed , and in 1948 , separate governments were formed : the socialist Democratic People 's Republic of Korea in the north , and the capitalist Republic of Korea in the south . An invasion initiated by North Korea led to the Korean War ( 1950 -- 1953 ) . The Korean Armistice Agreement brought about a ceasefire , but no peace treaty was signed .   North Korea officially describes itself as a self-reliant socialist state and formally holds elections . Critics regard it as a totalitarian dictatorship . Various media outlets have called it Stalinist , particularly noting the elaborate cult of personality around Kim Il-sung and his family . International organizations have assessed that human rights violations in North Korea have no parallel in the contemporary world . The Workers ' Party of Korea ( WPK ) , led by a member of the ruling family , holds power in the state and leads the Democratic Front for the Reunification of the Fatherland of which all political officers are required to be members .   Juche , an ideology of national self-reliance , was introduced into the constitution as a `` creative application of Marxism -- Leninism '' in 1972 . The means of production are owned by the state through state-run enterprises and collectivized farms . Most services such as healthcare , education , housing and food production are subsidized or state-funded . From 1994 to 1998 , North Korea suffered a famine that resulted in the deaths of between 240,000 and 3.5 million people , and the country continues to struggle with food production . North Korea follows Songun , or `` military-first '' policy . It is the country with the highest number of military and paramilitary personnel , with a total of 9,495,000 active , reserve , and paramilitary personnel . Its active duty army of 1.21 million is the fourth largest in the world , after China , the United States , and India . It possesses nuclear weapons . North Korea is an atheist state with no official religion and where public religion is discouraged .


In 2017, Tim Allen's performance on a situation comedy came to an end.

Tim Allen Timothy Allen Dick ( born June 13 , 1953 ) , known professionally as Tim Allen , is an American actor , comedian and author .   He is known for his role as Tim `` The Toolman '' Taylor in the ABC television show Home Improvement ( 1991 -- 1999 ) as well as for his starring roles in several films , including the role of Buzz Lightyear in the Toy Story franchise . From 2011 to 2017 , he starred as Mike Baxter in the TV series Last Man Standing . Since 2007 , he is the owner of the company Boxing Cat Films .


Last Man Standing (U.S. TV series) Last Man Standing is an American television sitcom starring Tim Allen . The series aired on ABC from October 11 , 2011 to March 31 , 2017 with 130 episodes .


Thirteen Reasons Why is published by British publishing house.

Penguin Books Penguin Books is a British publishing house . It was founded in 1935 by Sir Allen Lane as a line of the publishers The Bodley Head , only becoming a separate company the following year . Penguin revolutionised publishing in the 1930s through its inexpensive paperbacks , sold through Woolworths and other high street stores for sixpence , bringing high-quality paperback fiction and non-fiction to the mass market . Penguin 's success demonstrated that large audiences existed for serious books . Penguin also had a significant impact on public debate in Britain , through its books on British culture , politics , the arts , and science .   Penguin Books is now an imprint of the worldwide Penguin Random House , an emerging conglomerate which was formed in 2013 by the merger of the two publishers . Formerly , Penguin Group was wholly owned by Pearson PLC , the global media company which also owned the Financial Times , but it now retains only a minority holding of 47 % of the stock against Random House owner Bertelsmann which controls the majority stake . It is one of the largest English-language publishers , formerly known as the `` Big Six '' , now the `` Big Five '' .


Thirteen Reasons Why Thirteen Reasons Why is a 2007 young adult novel written by Jay Asher . The book was published by RazorBill , a young adult imprint of Penguin Books . The paperback edition hit # 1 on the New York Times best-seller list in July 2011 . The book is the basis of the television series 13 Reasons Why , released through Netflix on March 31 , 2017 .


Tyrese Gibson is famous for his role as Joseph "Jody" Summers.

Tyrese Gibson Tyrese Darnell Gibson ( born December 30 , 1978 ) , also known mononymously as Tyrese , is an American Grammy-nominated singer , songwriter , actor , author , television producer , former fashion model and MTV VJ . He is best known for his roles as Joseph `` Jody '' Summers in Baby Boy , Roman Pearce in the Fast and the Furious series and Robert Epps in the Transformers film series . After releasing several albums , he transitioned into films , with lead roles in several major Hollywood releases .


Narendra Modi is a member of a political party.

Narendra Modi Narendra Damodardas Modi ( -LSB- ˈnəɾeːnd̪rə d̪aːmoːd̪əɾˈd̪aːs ˈmoːd̪iː -RSB- , born 17 September 1950 ) is an Indian politician who is the 14th and current Prime Minister of India , in office since May 2014 . He was the Chief Minister of Gujarat from 2001 to 2014 , and is the Member of Parliament for Varanasi . Modi , a member of the Bharatiya Janata Party ( BJP ) , is a Hindu nationalist and member of the right-wing Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh ( RSS ) .   Born to a Gujarati family in Vadnagar , Modi helped his father sell tea as a child , and later ran his own stall . He was introduced to the RSS at the age of eight , beginning a long association with the organisation . He left home after graduating from school , partly because of an arranged marriage which he rejected . Modi traveled around India for two years , and visited a number of religious centres . He returned to Gujarat and moved to Ahmedabad in 1969 or 1970 . In 1971 he became a full-time worker for the RSS . During the state of emergency imposed across the country in 1975 , Modi was forced to go into hiding . The RSS assigned him to the BJP in 1985 , and he held several positions within the party hierarchy until 2001 , rising to the rank of general secretary .   Modi was appointed Chief Minister of Gujarat in 2001 , due to Keshubhai Patel 's failing health and poor public image following the earthquake in Bhuj . Modi was elected to the legislative assembly soon after . His administration has been considered complicit in the 2002 Gujarat riots , or otherwise criticised for its handling of it , although a court found no evidence to prosecute Modi . His policies as chief minister , credited with encouraging economic growth , have received praise . His administration has been criticised for failing to significantly improve health , poverty , and education indices in the state .   Modi led the BJP in the 2014 general election , which gave the party a majority in the Lok Sabha , the first time a single party had achieved this since 1984 . Modi himself was elected to parliament from Varanasi . Since taking office , Modi 's administration has tried to raise foreign direct investment in the Indian economy , increased spending on infrastructure , and reduced spending on healthcare and social welfare programmes . Modi has attempted to improve efficiency in the bureaucracy , and centralised power through the abolition of the planning commission . He has begun a high-profile sanitation campaign , and weakened or abolished environmental and labour laws . Credited with engineering a political realignment towards right-wing politics , Modi remains a figure of controversy domestically and internationally over his Hindu nationalist beliefs and his role during the 2002 Gujarat riots , cited as evidence of an exclusionary social agenda .


As You Like It (2006 film) As You Like It is a 2006 film written and directed by Kenneth Branagh , and based on the Shakespearean play of the same name . It stars Bryce Dallas Howard as Rosalind , David Oyelowo as Orlando De Boys , Romola Garai as Celia , Adrian Lester as Oliver De Boys , Alfred Molina as Touchstone , Kevin Kline as Jaques , Janet McTeer as Audrey , and Brian Blessed as Duke Frederick and his brother Duke Senior .   Branagh moved the play 's setting from medieval France to a late 19th century European colony in Japan after the Meiji Restoration . Branagh filmed it at Shepperton Film Studios and at the never-before-filmed gardens of Wakehurst Place . The film is a production of The Shakespeare Film Company , financed by HBO Films . It is Kenneth Branagh 's first Shakespearean film shot in a Super 35 format .


Bill Cosby William Henry Cosby Jr. ( born July 12 , 1937 ) is an American stand-up comedian , actor , and author . His start in stand-up comedy began at the hungry i in San Francisco and was followed by his landing a starring role in the 1960s television show I Spy . He was also a regular on the children 's television series The Electric Company during the show 's first two seasons .   Using the Fat Albert character developed during his stand-up routines , Cosby created , produced , and hosted the animated comedy television series Fat Albert and the Cosby Kids , a show that ran from 1972 to 1985 , centering on a group of young friends growing up in an urban area . Throughout the 1970s , Cosby starred in a number of films , and he occasionally returned to film later in his career . After attending Temple University in the 1960s , he received his bachelor 's degree there in 1971 . In 1973 , he received a master 's degree from the University of Massachusetts Amherst , and in 1976 , he earned his Doctor of Education degree , also from UMass . His dissertation discussed the use of Fat Albert and the Cosby Kids as a teaching tool in elementary schools .   Beginning in the 1980s , Cosby produced and starred in a television sitcom , The Cosby Show , which aired from 1984 to 1992 and was rated as the number one show in America for five years , 1984 through 1989 . The sitcom highlighted the experiences and growth of an affluent African-American family . Cosby produced the Cosby Show spin-off sitcom A Different World , which aired from 1987 to 1993 , starred in The Cosby Mysteries from 1994 to 1995 , starred in the sitcom Cosby from 1996 to 2000 ; and hosted Kids Say the Darndest Things for two seasons , from 1998 to 2000 .   Cosby has been the subject of sexual assault allegations , the earliest of which date back decades but becoming highly publicized since about 2014 . He has been accused by 51 women of rape , drug facilitated sexual assault , sexual battery , child sexual abuse , and sexual misconduct , with the earliest alleged incidents taking place in the mid-1960s and the most recent in 2008 . He has denied the allegations . Numerous related lawsuits against Cosby are pending ; and although most of the acts alleged by his accusers fall outside the statutes of limitations for criminal legal proceedings , one notable case has been ruled actionable , and he has been charged with three felony counts of aggravated indecent assault in Montgomery County , Pennsylvania . He surrendered to authorities on December 30 , 2015 , and was released on $ 1 million bail . Cosby is scheduled to go on trial on or before June 5 , 2017 .


The Cosby Mysteries The Cosby Mysteries is an American television mystery series that starred Bill Cosby . It is the first television series to star Cosby since The Cosby Show ( which ended in the spring of 1992 ) and lasted one season ( 1994 -- 1995 ) . Actor/Rapper Mos Def appeared in several episodes ( credited as Dante Bezé ) .


Tom Hanks executive produced for the miniseries "The Pacific" on HBO.

Tom Hanks Thomas Jeffrey Hanks ( born July 9 , 1956 ) is an American actor and filmmaker . He is known for his various comedic and dramatic film roles , including Splash ( 1984 ) , Big ( 1988 ) , Turner & Hooch ( 1989 ) , A League of Their Own ( 1992 ) , Sleepless in Seattle ( 1993 ) , Philadelphia ( 1993 ) , Forrest Gump ( 1994 ) , Apollo 13 ( 1995 ) , Saving Private Ryan ( 1998 ) , You 've Got Mail ( 1998 ) , The Green Mile ( 1999 ) , Cast Away ( 2000 ) , Road to Perdition ( 2002 ) , and The Da Vinci Code ( 2006 ) , as well as for his voice work in the animated films The Polar Express ( 2004 ) and the Toy Story series .   Hanks ' films have grossed more than $ 4.5 billion at U.S. and Canadian box offices and more than $ 9.0 billion worldwide , making him the third-highest-grossing actor in North America . Hanks has been nominated for numerous awards during his career . He won a Golden Globe Award and an Academy Award for Best Actor for his role in Philadelphia , as well as a Golden Globe , an Academy Award , a Screen Actors Guild Award , and a People 's Choice Award for Best Actor for his role in Forrest Gump . In 2004 , he received the Stanley Kubrick Britannia Award for Excellence in Film from the British Academy of Film and Television Arts ( BAFTA ) . In 2014 , he received a Kennedy Center Honor and , in 2016 , he received a Presidential Medal of Freedom from President Barack Obama , as well as the French Legion of Honor .   Hanks is also known for his collaborations with film director Steven Spielberg on Saving Private Ryan , Catch Me If You Can ( 2002 ) , The Terminal ( 2004 ) , and Bridge of Spies ( 2015 ) , as well as the 2001 miniseries Band of Brothers , which launched Hanks as a successful director , producer , and screenwriter . In 2010 , Spielberg and Hanks were executive producers on the HBO miniseries The Pacific ( a companion piece to Band of Brothers ) .


Nick Nolte was a star in Everybody Wins.

Nick Nolte Nicholas King Nolte ( born February 8 , 1941 ) is an American actor and former model . He won the Golden Globe Award for Best Actor -- Motion Picture Drama , and was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actor for the 1991 film The Prince of Tides . He went on to receive Academy Award nominations for Affliction ( 1998 ) and Warrior ( 2011 ) . His other film appearances include The Deep ( 1977 ) , 48 Hrs . ( 1982 ) , Down and Out in Beverly Hills ( 1986 ) , Another 48 Hrs . ( 1990 ) , Everybody Wins ( 1990 ) , Cape Fear ( 1991 ) , Lorenzo 's Oil ( 1992 ) , The Thin Red Line ( 1998 ) , Hulk ( 2003 ) , The Good Thief ( 2003 ) , Hotel Rwanda ( 2004 ) , Tropic Thunder ( 2008 ) , A Walk in the Woods ( 2015 ) and The Ridiculous 6 ( 2015 ) . He was also nominated for a Golden Globe Award for Best Actor -- Television Series Musical or Comedy for his role in the TV series Graves ( 2016 -- present ) .


Everybody Wins (film) Everybody Wins is a 1990 American mystery-thriller film directed by Karel Reisz , starring Debra Winger and Nick Nolte . The screenplay was written by Arthur Miller , based on his one-act play Some Kind of Love Story ( 1984 ) . It is loosely inspired by an actual 1970s murder case in Canaan , Connecticut which was the subject of the television film A Death in Canaan ( 1978 ) directed by Tony Richardson .


The Kitti's hog-nosed bat is capable of movement.

Kitti's hog-nosed bat Kitti 's hog-nosed bat ( Craseonycteris thonglongyai ) , also known as the bumblebee bat , is a vulnerable species of bat and the only extant member of the family Craseonycteridae . It occurs in western Thailand and southeast Burma , where it occupies limestone caves along rivers .   Kitti 's hog-nosed bat is the smallest species of bat and arguably the world 's smallest mammal . It has a reddish-brown or grey coat , with a distinctive pig-like snout . Colonies range greatly in size , with an average of 100 individuals per cave . The bat feeds during short activity periods in the evening and dawn , foraging around nearby forest areas for insects . Females give birth annually to a single offspring .   Although the bat 's status in Burma is not well known , the Thai population is restricted to a single province and may be at risk for extinction . Its potential threats are primarily anthropogenic , and include habitat degradation and the disturbance of roosting sites .