Engineer at the Ecole Centrale Nantes (formerly ENSM promotion 1966) he is also a PhD in Mechanics and Energy (University H. Poincaré-Nancy 1-2002) and a graduate in Economics / Management (DEA University Paris 13-2001).
Ingenieur aus Ecole Centrale Nantes (ex ENSM Promotioun 1966) ass och eng Dokteraarbecht an an d 'Energie (Universitéit Henri Poincaré Nancy 1-2002) an engem Ofschloss am Business / Economie (DEA Université Paris-13 2001).