Who has won the race to liquefy helium?
singleAnswer
Heike Kamerlingh Onnes
Heike Kamerlingh Onnes
Who has won the race to liquefy helium?
Heike Kamerlingh Onnes Liquefaction of gases Helium Absolute zero James Dewar Liquefied natural gas Museum Boerhaave Howard O. McMahon Leiden Hydrogen vehicle
The apparatus <b>he</b> used to first <b>liquefy helium</b> is on display in the lobby of the 
physics department at Leiden University, where the low-temperature lab is also&nbsp;... At ambient pressure the boiling point of <b>liquefied helium</b> is 4.22 K (−268.93 °C). 
Below 2.17 K liquid <sup>4</sup><b>He</b> becomes a superfluid (Nobel Prize 1978, Pyotr Kapitsa)
&nbsp;... <b>Helium</b> is a chemical element with the symbol <b>He</b> and atomic number 2. It is a 
colorless, ... In 1908, <b>helium</b> was first <b>liquefied</b> by Dutch physicist Heike 
Kamerlingh Onnes by cooling the gas to less than five Kelvin. ... as a coolant to 
create oxygen/hydrogen rocket fuel (among other uses) during the Space <b>Race</b> 
and Cold War. Absolute zero <b>is the</b> lowest limit of the thermodynamic temperature scale, a state 
at which the ... 5.1 Limit to the &quot;degree of cold&quot;; 5.2 Lord Kelvin&#39;s work; 5.3 The 
<b>race</b> to absolute zero ... However, Kamerlingh Onnes, his rival, was the first to 
<b>liquefy helium</b>, in 1908, using several precooling stages and the Hampson–Linde 
cycle&nbsp;... Sir James Dewar FRS FRSE (20 September 1842 – 27 March 1923) was a 
Scottish chemist and physicist. <b>He</b> is best known for his invention of the vacuum 
flask, <b>which he</b> used in ... <b>He</b> tried to <b>liquefy</b> the last remaining gas, <b>helium</b>, which 
condenses into a liquid at −268.9 °C, but owing to a number of factors, including 
a short&nbsp;... <b>Liquefied</b> natural gas (LNG) is natural gas <b>that has</b> been cooled down to liquid 
form for ease ... By 1900 all gases <b>had</b> been <b>liquefied</b> except <b>helium</b> which was 
<b>liquefied</b> in 1908. ... of the world&#39;s largest shipbuilders: the Japanese yen and 
Korean <b>won</b>. ... 2007-06-08 at the Wayback Machine; ^ &quot;lngwatch.com/<b>race</b>/truth.
htm&quot;. Rijksmuseum Boerhaave is a museum of the history of science and medicine, 
based in Leiden, ... It also <b>has</b> many galleries that include the apparatus with 
which Heike Kamerlingh Onnes first <b>liquefied helium</b> (in Leiden), the 
electromagnet equipment ... in the Netherlands &middot; European Museum of the Year 
Award <b>winners</b>. Temperatures close to absolute zero can be reached only by <b>liquefying helium</b>, 
which previously <b>has</b> usually required a high-pressure cascade system of&nbsp;... Leiden is a city and municipality in the province of South Holland, Netherlands. 
The municipality of Leiden <b>had</b> a population of 123,856 in August 2017, but ... 
This county <b>got</b> its name in 1101 from a domain near the stronghold: Holtland or 
... <b>winner</b> in physics) <b>liquefied helium</b> for the first time (1908) and later managed 
to&nbsp;... Hydrogen <b>does</b> not exist in convenient reservoirs or deposits like fossil fuels or 
<b>helium</b>. It is produced from feedstocks such as natural gas and biomass or&nbsp;...
Heike Kamerlingh Onnes
James Dewar