Who invented the process to remove impurities by blasts of cold air blown through heated iron?
multipleQAs
What Englishman invented the process to remove impurities by blasts of cold air blown through heated iron? What American independently discovered  the process to remove impurities by blasts of cold air blown through heated iron?
Henry Bessemer
William Kelly
Bessemer process
Who invented the process to remove impurities by blasts of cold air blown through heated iron?
Bessemer process Blast furnace Basic oxygen steelmaking Steelmaking Wrought iron Ferrous metallurgy Refining (metallurgy) Iron Copper extraction Electric arc furnace
The Bessemer <b>process</b> was the first inexpensive industrial <b>process</b> for the mass 
production of steel from molten pig <b>iron</b> before the development of the open 
hearth furnace. The key principle is <b>removal</b> of <b>impurities</b> from the <b>iron</b> by 
oxidation with <b>air</b> being <b>blown through</b> ... The modern <b>process</b> is named after its 
<b>inventor</b>, the Englishman Henry&nbsp;... A <b>blast</b> furnace is a type of metallurgical furnace used for smelting to produce 
industrial metals, generally pig <b>iron</b>, but also others such as lead or copper. <b>Blast</b> 
refers to the combustion <b>air</b> being &quot;forced&quot; or supplied above ... According to this 
broad definition, bloomeries for <b>iron</b>, <b>blowing</b> houses for tin, and smelt mills for 
lead&nbsp;... Basic oxygen steelmaking also known as Linz–Donawitz-steelmaking or the 
oxygen converter <b>process</b> is a method of primary steelmaking in which carbon-
rich molten pig <b>iron</b> is made into steel. <b>Blowing</b> oxygen <b>through</b> molten pig <b>iron</b> 
lowers the carbon content of the ... In the original LD <b>process</b>, oxygen was <b>blown</b> 
over the top of the molten <b>iron</b>&nbsp;... Steelmaking is the <b>process</b> of producing steel from <b>iron</b> ore and/or scrap. In 
steelmaking, <b>impurities</b> such as nitrogen, silicon, phosphorus, sulfur and excess 
carbon (most important <b>impurity</b>) are <b>removed</b> from the sourced <b>iron</b>, ... <b>Blowing</b> 
oxygen <b>through</b> molten pig <b>iron</b> lowers the carbon content of the alloy and 
changes it&nbsp;... Wrought <b>iron</b> is an <b>iron</b> alloy with a very low carbon (less than 0.08%) content in 
contrast to cast ... While the bloomery <b>process</b> produced wrought <b>iron</b> directly 
from ore, cast <b>iron</b> or pig <b>iron</b> were ... It is very brittle when <b>cold</b> and cracks if bent. 
... <b>Air</b> was <b>blown</b> in <b>through</b> a tuyere to <b>heat</b> the bloomery to a temperature 
somewhat&nbsp;... Ferrous metallurgy is the metallurgy of <b>iron</b> and its alloys. It began far back in 
prehistory. ... This arrangement <b>created</b> a zone of high pressure at the entrance, 
and a ... It can, however, be decarburized to steel or wrought <b>iron</b> by <b>heating</b> it in 
<b>air</b> for ... that utilized partial decarbonization <b>via</b> repeated forging under a <b>cold</b> 
<b>blast</b>. (November 2008) (Learn how and when to <b>remove</b> this template message). In 
metallurgy, refining consists of purifying an impure metal. It is to be distinguished 
from other <b>processes</b> such as smelting and calcining ... Lead was melted in a 
bone ash &#39;test&#39; or &#39;cupel&#39; and <b>air blown across</b> the surface. This oxidised the lead 
to&nbsp;... <b>Iron</b> is a chemical element with symbol Fe (from Latin: ferrum) and atomic number 
26. It is a ... Items made of <b>cold</b>-worked meteoritic <b>iron</b> have been found in various 
... <b>Air</b> pre-<b>heated</b> to 900 °C is <b>blown through</b> the mixture, in sufficient amount to ... 
<b>Removing</b> the other <b>impurities</b>, instead, results in cast <b>iron</b>, which is used to&nbsp;... Copper extraction refers to the methods used to obtain copper from its ores. The 
conversion of ... The modern froth flotation <b>process</b> was independently <b>invented</b> 
the early ... The mass of slag generated in the smelting stage depends on the <b>iron</b> 
... sulfur is <b>removed</b> at high temperature as sulfur dioxide by <b>blowing air through</b>&nbsp;... An electric arc furnace (EAF) is a furnace that heats charged material by means 
of an electric ... The first successful and operational furnace was <b>invented</b> by 
James Burgess ... <b>using blast</b> furnaces and basic oxygen furnaces, cornered the 
markets for &quot;flat ... The roof of an arc furnace <b>removed</b>, showing the three 
electrodes.
Song Dynasty
Bessemer process