Which text uses the word literally in its traditional sense?
The curry that the chef prepared was so spicy that Logan's mouth was literally on fire by the time he finished his meal. The curry that the chef prepared was so spicy that Logan literally had to drink three glasses of milk to ease the pain.
Words change in meaning when speakers begin using them in new ways. For example, the word peruse once only meant to examine in detail, but it's now also commonly used to mean to look through in a casual manner.
When a word changes in meaning, its correct usage is often debated. Although a newer sense of the word may be more commonly used, many people consider a word's traditional definition to be the correct usage. Being able to distinguish the different uses of a word can help you use it appropriately for different audiences.
Britney perused her notes, carefully preparing for her exam.
The traditional usage above is considered more standard.
David perused the magazine, absentmindedly flipping through the pages.
The nontraditional usage above is now commonly used, but traditional style guides generally advise against it.
The first text uses literally in its traditional sense: in a factual, non-exaggerated way.
The curry that the chef prepared was so spicy that Logan literally had to drink three glasses of milk to ease the pain.
The second text uses literally in its nontraditional sense: nearly or in effect (often exaggerated). Logan's mouth may be in pain, but it is not actually on fire.
The curry that the chef prepared was so spicy that Logan's mouth was literally on fire by the time he finished his meal.
Most style guides recommend to avoid using the nontraditional sense of the word literally because it is generally considered incorrect.