Which object has less thermal energy?
a 5-kilogram brick at a temperature of 385°F a 5-kilogram brick at a temperature of 390°F
The objects are identical except for their temperatures.
All solids, liquids, and gases are made of matter. Matter is made up of tiny particles that are always moving. The energy from the motion of these particles is called thermal energy.
Temperature measures how hot or cold matter is. If the particles in matter slow down, the temperature goes down. The matter now has both less thermal energy and a lower temperature.
The two bricks have the same mass but different temperatures. Since the 385°F brick is colder than the 390°F brick, it has less thermal energy.