Professor  Lister,  of  Edinburgh,  adopting
the  germ  theoi-y  of  putrefaction,  and  regard-
ing the  putrid  discharge  from  wounds  as  the
result  of  the  presence  of  atmospheric
organisms  wliich  find  a  suitable  nidus  ia  the
decomposing  animal  tissue  exposed  hiy  the
wound,  seeks  to  exclude  the  access  of  these
germs  by  the  use  of  antiseptics,  particularly
of  carbolic  acid,  the  .destructive  action  of
which  on  living  oigiinisms  is  well  known.  He
applies  to  the  wounds  dressings  of  gauze
previously  prepared  with  carbolic  acid,  addi-
tionally using  H4  a  lotion  the  acid,  well  diluted
with  water;  whilst  during  the  dressing  of  the
wounds  and  the  performance  of  surgical  ope-
rations carbolic  acid  is  diffused  in  the  form  of
spray  into  the  surrounding  atmosphere  with
the  object  of  destroying  the  germs  floating
in  it.
Antidotes. — Calcined  mngnesin,  or  bicarbo-
nate of  soda,  in  milk  after  short  intervals.  In
the  absence  of  those,  chalk,  soap  and  water,  or
the  plaster  from  the  ceiling.  Olive  oil  addi-
tionally. More  than  flfty  per  cent,  of  the
carbolic  acid  manufactured  is  used  for  the
purpose  of  preparing  the  following  pigments
and  dye  materials : —

1.  Picric  acid.  2.  Phenyl  brown.  3.  Grenat
soluble.  4.  Coralline.  5.  Azuline.  These
will    be    found    described    under    Tab    CO-

LOUBS.
CAS'BON.  C.  Si/n.  Caebo'nittm.Cab'bo.L.;
Charbok,  Fr.  j  Kohlenstoff,  Ger.  An  ele-
mentary or  simple  non-metallic  solid  body,
very  widely  diffused  through  nature.  Its
purest  and  rarest  form  ia  that  of  the  diamond.
