149.
ISO.
151-


-156.
157-


■164.
i6s-


•171.
172.
173-




174-


175-


■179.
i8o-


■182.
183,


184.
185,


186.
187.
i88,


189.
190.
191-


193-



Forging Press

Cylinders and Ram (in section) of Tweddell

Punch
Plate Shears
Plate Bender
Tube Drawing Bench
Wheel Press
Riveters

Hand Pressure Pump
Belt-driven Pumps
Plunger Plump
Worthington Pumps -
Fly-Wheel Pressure Pump
Vertical Cylinder Pump
Fly-Wheel Pump (Berry)
Diagram Illustrating Velocity of Turbine
Girard Turbine
Pelton Wheel
Axial-flow Turbine
Thrust Bearing

Diagrams illustrating Impulse Turbines
Do. do. Reaction Turbines

Regulations for Turbines
Overshot Water Wheel
Breast Water Wheel -
Undershot Water Wheel
Diagrams illustrating Action of Hydraulic

Motors
Brotherhood Engine
Armstrong Engine
Armstrong Capstan
Valve of Early Armstrong Engine
Rigg Engine

Hydraulic Dock at San Francisco
Machinery of Tower Bridge on the Thames





PAGE


231,


233




234


235,


236




237




238




238


240


-243


247


-250




251


252.
|253


254


-256




256




257




258




264




266




267




268




269


272


-278


282


-294


301-307




3'6




317


Q


318


322,


326


327,


32S


329,


330


331,


332




333


334,


336


facing 338


340,


342



XVI LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS.
Fig. page

194. View of the Tower Bridge over the Thames facing 342

195. Water Balance CHfif Railway, in section 344

196. Rail-gripping Brake for Cliff Railway 345

197. View of Cliff Railway at Lynton facing 346
198, 199. Glasgow Harbour Tunnel Lifts 348, 350

200. 4,000-Ton Hydraulic Forging Press

(Cammell's Works, Sheffield) facing 352

201. Bird's-eye View of Hydraulic Power Instal-

lation at Niagara Falls



PART I.— HYDRAULICS.
HYDRAULIC POWER
ENGINEERING.
A-^-

CHAPTER I.
PRINCIPLES OF HYDRAULICS.
General Properties of Water. — There are certain
properties of water which render it particularly suitable to the
requirements of the hydraulic power engineer. There are
three distinct methods of using water for transmitting power.
