1  Commonwealth   v.   Gaines,   2    Va.  war,  and   hold   diplomatic    intercourse

Cas.  172.  with  other  nations.     This  every  State  in

"  The  State  v.  Main,  16  "Wis.  398.  the    Union    is  forbidden    to  do.    Even

'  The  State  v.  Knight,  2  Hayw.  109,  within  the  Union,  the  citizens  of  one

Taylor,  65.  State  are  protected  in  another  by  virtue

*  People  V.  Merrill,  2  Parker  C.  C.  of  the  Federal  Constitution.  Their  own
590.  On  the  subject  of  this  section  the  State  cannot  protect  them.  And  upon
reader  may  profitably  consult  the  cases  no  principle  can  its  peace  and  dignity  be
cited  post,  §  154.  considered  as  invaded,  where,  if  its  own

*  In  Tyler  v.  People,  8  Mich.  320,  342,  citizens  are  aggrieved,  it  has  no  right,  as
Campbell,  J.,  said :  "  I  do  not  conceive  a  State,  to  communicate  with  the  public
that  any  State  of  this  Union  has  any  authorities  at  all,  whether  to  supplicate
extra-territorial  power  over  its  citizens,  or  to  demand  their  rights."  This  ex-
This  power  is  inseparably  connected  tract  is  from  a  dissenting  opinion,  but  I
with  the  duty  of  protection.  This  duty  do  not  understand  that  the  views  of  the
cannot,  under  our  Federal  Constitution,  other  judges  differed  from  these  on  this
be  exercised  abroad  by  the  individual  point.
States.    It  belongs  to  the  power  which         *  But  see  The  State  v.  Main,  16  Wis.
can  levy  troops,  maintain  navies,  declare    398.
85


§  155  JXJEISDICTION  AND  LOCALITY.  [BOOK  H.
