"  Half  the  Hebrew  name  he  has  given  to  the  vivandiere,
introduced  (as  I  suppose)  both  to  enliven  the  representation
and  to  characterize  another  revolting  accompaniment  of  war,
^  die  Frau  tsi griniTnig^  wenn  sie  greift,'  tic.  Hence  the  other
half  of  the  name,  Raubebald^  he  is  obliged  to  transform  to
Habebald^  both  as  better  suited  to  the  office  of  a  military
leader,  and  to  avoid  too  close  a  resemblance  to  the  name  of
another  of  his  characters,  whose  participation  in  the  fruits
of  victory  it  truly  represents."

There  is  no  doubt  that  these  characters  symbolize  the
human  elements  manifested  in  war.  Bully  represents  the
fierce,  brutal,  unrestrained  spirit  of  fight;  Havequick  is
the  thirst  for  booty,'  for  the  spoils  of  victory  in  every  form ;
and  Holdfast  seems  to  be  the  stubborn  qi^lity  of  resistance,
the  chief  strength  of  armies.
144.  A  rtiddy  and  presaging  glow.
The  reader,  familiar  with  Goethe's  works,  is  referred  to
the  latter's  description  of  his  attack  of  "  cannon  fever "  in
the  "  Campaign  in  France  "  (1792).  The  passage  is  too  long.
to  be  quoted ;  but  the  circumstance  that  the  entire  field  of
battle  appeared  to  be  tinged  with  a  red  color  is  here  intro-
duced. A  careful  examination  of  the  "  Campaign ''  would
probably  discover  much  of  the  material  which  is  employed
in  this  scene;  and  I  venture  to  say  that  the  chief  reason  why
Goethe  relinquished  his  first  political  plan,  and  accepted  a
representation  of  War  in  its  stead,  was,'  that  it  was  very
much  easier  for  him  to  draw  upon  his  memory  than  to  task
his  failing  powers  of  invention.
145.     Attend!  the  sign  is  now  expressed.
