The  latter  captured  forts  on  the  Hudson  High-
lands, and  seut  marauding  expeditions  up  the
river  that  burned  Kingston.  Again  Burgoyne
advanced  to  attack  Gates.  He  was  defeated
(Oct.  7),  and  again  retired  to  his  camp.  Find-
ing it  impossible  to  retreat,  go  forward,  or  re-
main quiet,  he  surrendered  his  whole  army  and
its  splendid  appointments,  Oct.  17, 1777.
Burke,  .SIdanus,  was  born  in  Galway,  Ire-
land, in  1743 ;  died  in  Charleston,  S.  C,  March  3,
1802.  He  was  educated  at  St.  Omers  for  a  priest;
emigrated  to  South  Carolina,  and  there  engaged
with  the  patriots  in  their  conflict  with  Great
Britain.  He  was  a  lawyer,  and  in  1778  was
made  a  judge  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  South
Carolina.  He  served  two  years  in  the  army ;
was  in  Congress  (1789-91) ;  and  after  serving
in  the  state  Legislature,  he  became  chancellor
of  the  commonwealth  awhile  before  his  death.
Judge  Burke  was  a  thorough  Republican,  and
wrote  a  famous  pamphlet  against  the  "Cincin-
nati Society"  (which  see)  that  was  translated
into  French  by  Mirabeau,  and  used  by  him  with
much  effect  during  tlie  French  iJevolution.
Burke  opposed  its  aristocratic  features.  He
also  opposed  the  National  Constitution,  fearing
consolidated  power.
Burke,  Edmund.  Born  in  Dublin,  June  1,
1730 ;  died  at  Beaconsfield,  Eng.,  July  9,  1797.
