But  in  Whitgift's  case,  as  in  Laud's  (q.v.),
modern  research  and  historical  criticism  have
recovered  the  genuine  picture.
With  Roman  Catholics  the  archbishop
had  much  less  to  do.     Politics  had  already


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Whittinghaml  Dictionary  of  English  Church  History  [Whittingham


taken  the  decided  turn  which  made  recus-
ancy a  political  rather  than  an  ecclesiastical
question.  It  was  only  in  that  form  that  he
was  to  any  large  extent  concerned  with  it ;
and  he  dealt  with  it,  much  as  any  other
patriot  did,  as  though  it  was  merely  a  menace
to  the  welfare,  or  even  the  existence,  of  the
Queen  and  her  realm.
At  James's  accession  the  archbishop  was
almost  at  the  end  of  his  tether.  He  took
part  in  the  Hampton  Court  Conference  (q.v.)
in  1604,  but  the  chief  conduct  of  it  was  in
the  hands  of  Bancroft  (q.v.),  the  Bishop  of
London.  Six  weeks  later  Whitgift  died  at
Lambeth  (29th  February  1604),  paralysed,
and  only  able  to  ejaculate  at  intervals  Pro
Ecclesia  Dei  '  on  behalf  of  the  Church  of
God.'  He  thus  pronounced  the  best  verdict
on  his  own  career.  Whitgift,  who  never
married,  was  buried  at  Croydon,  where  he
had  lately  erected  and  endowed  the  Trinity
Hospital — a  combined  almshouse  and  school,
which  still,  in  a  developed  form,  is  the  best
monument  to  his  memory.  [w.  H.  r.]

Strype,  Life  of  llrindal,  1718,  etc  ;  Paule,
Life,  1612,  reprinted  in  Wordsworth's  Eccl.
Biography,  vol.  iv.  :  Clayton,  Archbishop
Whitgift,  1911.
WHITTINGHAM,  William  (?  1524-79)
Dean  of  Durham,  was  born  at  Chester  and
educated  at  Brasenose  College,  Oxford,
becoming  B.A.  and  Fellow  of  All  Souls,  1545.
