increased  size  of  the  outlet  which  will  permit  the
birth  of  large-headed  children.  The  most  delicate
adjustment  is  required  to  prevent  these  directly
opposite  necessities  from  conflicting  with  each  other.^
If  we  were  born  through  the  navel  (as  some  of
us  supposed  when  we  were  children)  the  dilemma
would  not  exist;  but  while  such  a  method  of  par-
turition would  be  in  perfect  harmony  with  the
biped  position,  it  would  have  been  impracticable
in  the  quadrupedal  position.  On  the  whole,  as
we  know,  while  the  adjustment  is  not  absolutely
perfect  and  we  suffer  from  the  disadvantages  of  the
biped  position,  the  demands  of  the  higher  evolution
of  the  race  have  caused,  and  will  no  doubt  continue
to  cause,  an  increased  expansion  and  development
of  the  pelvis,  a  movement  in  which  women  are  the
natural  leaders.  But  the  children  always  tend  to  be
somewhat  too  developed  for  the  gate  by  which  they
enter  the  world;  this  cunningly  contrived  girdle  of
bone  is  a  force  on  the  side  of  mediocrity,  shutting
out  the  highly  developed  from  the  chances  of  life,
although  it  is  a  force  which  tends  to  become  weaker,
for  the  size  of  the  head  depends  on  both  parents,  and
the  women  with  small  pelves  tend  to  produce  still-
born children  or  weak  children  unlikely  to  survive,
and  so  it  is  not  easy  for  them  to  transmit  their  small
pelves.  In  the  higher  evolution  of  the  race  the  in-
creased development  of  the  head  must  always  be
accompanied  by  the  increased  development  of  the
pelvis.
