Dr.  Eck  is  not  to  be  regarded  only  as  one  of  Luther's  theological  oppo-
nents. He  exercised  an  extraordinary  influence  on  the  state,  as  well  as
the  church  in  Bavaria  ;  and  to  him  principally  is  to  be  attributed  that
alliance  between  the  ducal  power,  the  university  of  Ingolstadt,  and  the

1  Winter,  passim,  p.  81.
2  ' '  Erstes  baierisches  Religionsmandat,  Miinchen  am  Eschermittiche  angeender
Vassten." — Ibid.,  p.  310.
3  "  Er  entbot  denselben  durch  zwei  Brevia  nach  Rom." — "  He  summoned  him
by  two  briefs  to  Rome." — Parnassus  Boicus,  i.  ii.,  p.  206.
J  "  Fragmentum  libelli  supplicis,  quern  Bavariae  Ducis  oratores,  quorum
caput  Celebris  ille  Eckius,  Adriano  VI.  Romae  obtulerunt  anno  1*521,"  ap.  (Efele,
ii.  274.  The  date  is  wrong,  as  Adrian  was  not  pope  in  1521.  The  bull,  which
was  prepared  according  to  the  words  of  the  petition,  is  dated  June,  1523.  The
Bavarian  bishops  first  appealed  against  it  in  December,  1523,  so  that  there  can
be  no  doubt  that  that  is  the  proper  date.
Chap.  V.]  THE  POPE  WITH  BAVARIA  321

papal  authority,  which  checked  the  progress  of  the  national  movement  in
that  country.
Nor  was  it  the  authority  alone  of  the  church  that  was  assailed  ;  claims
were  soon  advanced  to  her  possessions.
