Slierman  did  not  pursue  far,  his  object  being  to
drive  Johnston  away  and  make  Vicksburg  se-
cure. For  this  purpose  he  broke  up  the  railways
for  many  miles,  and  destroyed  everything  in
Jackson  that  might  be  usefnl  to  the  Confe<ler-
ates;  and  the  soldiers  shamefully  sacked  and
plundered  the  city.  They  ransacked  the  honses,
taking  whatever  was  of  value  or  otherwise
pleased  them,  and  destroyed  wljat  they  were
unable  to  appreciate  or  remove.  Pianos  and
articles  of  furniture  were  demolished;  books  in


libraries  were  torn  up  or  trampled  nnder  foot;
pictures  were  thrust  through  with  bayonets;
windows  were  broken  and  doors  torn  from  their
hinges.  Furniture  and  beds,  costly  and  other-
wise, were  dragged  into  the  street  and  burned,
and  buildiugs  were  set  on  fire  and  destroyed.
It  was  one  of  the  most  shameful  exliibitions  of
barbarism  of  which  the  Union  soldiers  were  oc-
casionally guilty,  and  soiled  with  an  indelible
stain  the  charaeter  of  the  National  army.  When
Sherman  fell  back  to  Vicksburg,  he  was  follow-
ed by  a  great  umltitude  of  negroes  of  both  sexes
and  of  all  ages.  These  events  occurred  in  1863.
Jackson,  Thomas  Jonathan  ("  Stonewall "),
was  born  at  Clarksburg,  Va.,  Jan.  21, 1824;  died
at  Gniuey's  Station,  Va., May  10, 1863.  He  grad-
uated at  West  Point  in  1846,  entering  the  Sec-
ond Artillery.    He  served  in  the  war  with  Mex-


THOMAS  J.  ("STONEWALL  ")  JACKSON.
ico,  was  breveted  captain  and  major,  and  re-
signed in  1852  with  health  impaired,  becoming
professor  in  the  Military  Institute  at  Lexington,
Va.  He  entered  the  Confederate  service  as  colo-
nel in  April,  1861,  and  commanded  the  "  Army
of  Observation"  at  Harper's  Ferry.  His  first
engagement  was  at  Falling  Waters  (which  see).
