Presumably this is the district which now falls under the
Japanese influence, for on July 12, 1912, M. Kiirachi,



THE TWENTY-ONE DEMANDS i6i

the Japanese Vice-Minister of Foreign Affairs, defined
Eastern Inner Mongolia as " that portion of the Province
of Manchuria formerly known as Inner MongoUa." ' The
district is largely pastoral, and exports annually 25,000
horses, 10,000 head of cattle, 250,000 sheep, 300,000 hides
and large quantities of furs. The soil is very rich in minerals.
Group III is concerned with the affairs of the Hanyehping
Company.* In 1892 Chang-chih-Tung, the " incorrupt-
ible," was Viceroy of the two Kwangs (Kwangtung and
Kwangsi), and ordered from England two blast-furnaces
with which to aid in the development of the mineral
deposits of his viceroyalty. Before they arrived he was
transferred to Wuchang, as Viceroy of Hunan and Hupeh,
and thither the furnaces followed him. On the north
bank of the Yangtze, at Hanyang, Chang had his furnaces
set up, literally where he could keep his eye on them from
the viceregal yamen at Wuchang, on the south bank.
