This is taken (with some verbal alterations) from
a pamphlet called " The Theory of Eelevancy for
the purpose of Judicial Evidence, by George Clif-
ford Whitworth, Bombay Civil Service. Bom-
bay, 1875."

The seventh section of the Indian evidence act is
as follows : " Facts which are the occasion, cause
or effect, immediate or otherwise, of relevant facts
or facts in issue, or which constitute the state of
things under which they happened, or which afford
an opportunity for their occurrence or transaction,
are relevant."

The 11th section is as follows :



NOTES.J LAW OF EVIDENOE. 197

" Facts not otherwise relevant are relevant :

"(1) If they are inconsistent with any fact in
issue or relevant fact ;

" (2) If by themselves, or in connection with
other facts, they make the existence or non-exist-
ence of any fact in issue, or relevant fact, highly
probable or improbable."

In my "Introduction to the Indian Evidence Act"
I examined at length the theory of judicial evi-
dence, and tried to show that the theory of rele-
vancy is only a particular case of the process of
induction, and that it depends on the connection of
events as cause and effect. This theory does not
greatly differ from Bentham's, though he does not
seem to me to have grasped it as distinctly as he
probably would if he had lived to study Mr. Mill's
Inductive Logic.
My theory was expressed too widely in certain
parts, and not widely enough in others, and -Mr.
