In  December,  1529,  it  recalled  the  expelled  preachers  ;  in  April,  1530,
it  removed  the  catholics  from  every  pulpit  in  the  city  ;  in  the  June  of  the
same  year,  it  found  itself  compelled  to  give  notice  to  the  churches  and
convents  to  discontinue  their  established  usages.  At  the  very  same  time
that  Charles  V.  was  attempting  to  re-establish  the  ancient  faith  in
Augsburg,  it  was  utterly  extirpated  in  one  of  the  most  considerable  cities
of  the  North.  This  did  not  pass  unobserved  at  Augsburg.  The  emperor
commanded  the  Sixty-four  in  the  most  earnest  manner  by  a  penal
mandate,  "  to  desist  from  what  they  were  about  ;"  and  told  the  council,
in  case  this  was  not  complied  with,  to  apply  to  some  of  the  neighbouring
princes   for  assistance.     It   may  easily  be   imagined   what   effect   these

1  Roller,  Geschichte  von  Bremen,  ii.,  p.  380,  u.  f.
2  The  priesthood  had  become  very  numerous,  especially  by  the  institution  of
vicars.  In  the  middle  of  the  15  th  century  there  were  irf*Lubeck  and  the  neigh-
bouring churches  169  vicars.  They  were  most  of  them  relations  of  those  who
had  founded  masses  for  the  dead.  See  Grautoff,  Schrif ten,  i.  266.  The  disposi-
tion of  the  capital  lay  in  the  hands  of  provisors.
3  The  song  in  Regkmann's  Chronicle,  p.  133.
Chap.  V.]  LUBECK  671

menaces  of  a  distant  power  were  likely  to  produce  in  the  fermenting  city.
