92 GENERAL PSYCHOLOGY

dislikes are conditioned responses to stimuli that
have only a chance temporal connection with their
natural provocation. A celluloid collar in itself is
neither alluring nor repulsive, and our dislike of
such an article of dress is dependent upon the fact
that we have always experienced it in connection
with a wearer who is not too scrupulous as to his
personal cleanliness. Everyone builds up a set of
emotional tendencies through this process of associa-
tion, so that his adult attitude toward the experien-
ces of life is fitted to the culture into which he has
been born.
Particular melodies become associated with the
words of songs and with emotional exjiressions that
have been called out by these words. Although at
first only the words may have had the power to
arouse the emotions in question, the music itself, in
the absence of the words, will later have the same
effect. Easter and Christmas music, the melody
to which sentimental words were sung, patriotic
airs, the words of which originally excited patriotic
emotions, or the music sung at the funeral of
a friend, will long afterward revive the emotional
expression of which they were at first the incidental
accompaniment. Conversely, music itself may di-
rectly arouse emotional responses, and this fact is
made use of to reenforce the conviction that the at-
tending words but partly establish. The stirring
airs of the camp meeting or the patriotic rally bring
many to the mourner's bench or the recruiting office



LEAENING 93

who ■would remain sinners or slackers if appealed to
by words alone.
