The plumage is black, mottled with white. The mottling is in the form of a white feather, and the chicks should be encouraged as early as possible to take exercise. This fan is done by making them scratch for their food.

Young chicks are easily trained to eat when hungry. They instinctively peck at anything in sight. The habit makes it essential that absolute cleanliness be practiced. At first, the child should be fed on a broad or shallow tray, which should be removed as soon as the appetite has been satisfied. The chicks should be fed regularly, and not less than three times a day. No food should be left around to sour, as they are too little. Hotter to feed too little each time than too much. A little dried bread crumbs mixed with bran, rolled oats, and cut clover makes a splendid ration, wet or dry, for both chicks.

Sour milk is a fine addition to this ration. When chicks are a few weeks old, the milk should be given a good feed mixed with oatmeal and wheat. This reduces the cost of the most nourishing foods for chicks. 