This may be seen by an injection (similar to that in the case of the alimentary
system) made in the middle line of the body near the excretory pore. It consists
of a longitudinal main trunk opening at the posterior end by the excretory pore.
The trunk is formed from the union of two anterior ducts on each side. The
posterior two are dorsal, the anterior two are ventral. These ducts are formed
from smaller ducts, and these in turn from numerous capillary tubules, each of
which begins with a flame-cell or excretory cell.
Reproductive System.
This system is complicated. The animal is hermaphrodite.
1. Female.
The ovary is a branched and unpaired organ lying in the anterior part of the
body on the right side. A short and narrow oviduct leads from the ovary
towards the middle line to join the median yolk-duct or vitellarian duct, which
is formed by the union of two transverse ducts leading from the junction of the
two long lateral ducts on each side. These are formed from the numerous


40


42 THE LIVER-FLUKE


ductules of the diffuse system of yolk-glands along each side of the body. The
oviduct and the median vitellarian duct are surrounded at their junction by
the shell-gland ; and these united ducts form the wide convoluted uterus which
opens (beside the penis) into the common genital outlet.
A short tube, known as Laurer’s canal, runs from the junction of the oviduct
and the median vitellarian duct and opens by a pore on the mid-dorsal surface.
2. Male.
This system consists of a pair of much-branched testes lying in the middle of
the posterior half of the body. The branches of each testis open into a vas


Month Mouth
_--Pharynx.
