(b) To these thyro-arytenoids, which for mosi
singers and all speakers are probably chiefly re
laxing in action,, must be added as aiding in this
function another pair, the lateral crico-arytenoids
They are situated between the cricoid and aryte
noid cartilages, and the direction of action is
obliquely from below and forward, upward, anc
backward, so that the arytenoids are brought for-
ward and also approximated more or less, whicl
involves relaxed tension, at least, possibly alsc
shortening of the vocal bands.
When a tenor or soprano singer reaches tk
upper tones, say about , or higher, ther*

is considerable closing p fflj T^' | up in the larynx
much in the way in which the parts oi

the mouth are brought together in sucking. This
is termed sphincter action, the mouth and the eyes



Epiglottis




I ii\ rnid carlil.i>re, cut tlironj^h tn ex-
pose the inner aspect uf larynx
Ise vocal band
'g sptce termed -'ventri, le" nf tlic larynx
al l)and



Fig, 33 ( Spalteholz). Shows various structures, and especially well the false
nd the true vocal bands, with the space between them (ventricle of Morgagni), but
hich has no special function in phonation, unless it acts as a small resonance-
lamber, which is possible. This space is a natural result of the e.vistence ot two
lirs of vncal bands in such close proximity.
\'<Mitricle nf the




False \'ocaI band
'i'ruc vocal band



Fii... ^4 (Spaltuhulz ). Parts have licen nil a\\a\' tu expose tu view the whole of
the inner siirlace ol the larynx (liiieH \v'ith nincons membrane). An exnllent view
of the vinral bands and <<( the " ventricle" of the lar\-nx, hriween them, is afTurdud.
