A. H. Sanders, a recognized agricul-
Necessarv tural authority, has made the statement

that land can never become too valuable
for pasture purposes. He states that many European
countries pasture land with profit for generations
that are valued at $1,500 up to $3,000 per acre. We
must have live stock to fertilize the soil, and we must
have grass pastures of good quality economically and
profitably to produce live stock.
It must be borne in mind that a well-
Seedine leveled and carefully prepared seed bed

clean of weeds is essential. The weed
question has led many to adopt fall seeding with ad-
vantage and profit. The young grass should be well



Miscellaneous Forage Crops 273

rooted, if sown in the spring, before hot weather
comes. The earlier in the spring one seeds the better,
provided the ground be not frozen. No pasture should
be seeded to one grass alone. Some grasses start
early in the spring and other grasses continue a green
and succulent growth late in the fall. By a judicious
mixture and careful irrigation our pastures will fur-
nish succulent feed throughout the growing season,
never becoming seared and brown.
Different methods of seeding are em-

Kinds of ployed by different farmers. Hand
Seeders ^ ^ .•' , , . ,. , ,

Used seeders with revolvmg rotary disks that

throw the seed evenly on either side,
worked by hand as laborer advances, like the Cahoon
or Fiddle bow seeders, are in common use. Another
is the wheelbarrow seeder, which gives good results.
Drills are efficient, but great care must be exercised
not to get the seed too deep. Grass seed requires the
lightest of covering, just enough to germinate it.
