While LEDs have the advantage over fluorescent lamps that they do not contain mercury, they may contain other hazardous metals such as lead and arsenic. Regarding the toxicity of LEDs when treated as waste, a study published in 2011 stated: "According to federal standards, LEDs are not hazardous except for low-intensity red LEDs, which leached Pb [lead] at levels exceeding regulatory limits (186 mg/L; regulatory limit: 5). However, according to California regulations, excessive levels of copper (up to 3892 mg/kg; limit: 2500), lead (up to 8103 mg/kg; limit: 1000), nickel (up to 4797 mg/kg; limit: 2000), or silver (up to 721 mg/kg; limit: 500) render all except low-intensity yellow LEDs hazardous."
According to a California study, what harmful metal is in most LEDs?
lead
However, according to California regulations, excessive levels of copper (up to 3892 mg/kg; limit: 2500), lead (up to 8103 mg/kg; limit: 1000), nickel (up to 4797 mg/kg; limit: 2000), or silver (up to 721 mg/kg; limit: 500) render all except low-intensity yellow LEDs hazardous."
However, according to California regulations, excessive levels of copper (up to three thousand, eight hundred ninety-two mg/kg; limit: twenty-five hundred), lead (up to eight thousand, one hundred three mg/kg; limit: one thousand), nickel (up to four thousand, seven hundred ninety-seven mg/kg; limit: two thousand), or silver (up to seven hundred twenty-one mg/kg; limit: five hundred) render all except low-intensity yellow LEDs hazardous."
According to a California study, what harmful metal is in most LEDs?