Copyright of messages in group chat
<p>I composed a hiring post and sent it to a group chat. Can group members (<em>NOT the messaging app</em>) forward the post to others who are not in the group, without my permission or re-post it in others places, when such act will bring monetary or non-monetary benefits (like more followers on Facebook page) to them?</p>

<p>Suppose I'm in California, using WhatsApp.</p>

<p>Copyright protection applies to "original works of authorship", as defined in <a href="https://www.copyright.gov/title17/92chap1.html#101" rel="nofollow noreferrer">17 USC 101</a>.  You'd have to argue that your post was a "literary work".  If it's just a straightforward statement that you are hiring, accompanied by your contact info, that might be hard to do.  But if so, then in principle you could sue people for distributing unauthorized copies of your work.  You would have to <a href="https://www.copyright.gov/registration/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">register</a> your copyright first.  If you won, they'd be liable for <a href="https://www.copyright.gov/title17/92chap5.html#504" rel="nofollow noreferrer">damages</a>.</p>

<p>However, this only protects your "literary work" itself.  The information contained in your post has no protection; only your specific expression of that information.  Someone could express that information in their own words ("I heard that Ryan is hiring; his contact info is XXX") and share it with whomever they wanted, on whatever terms they choose; this would be perfectly legal and protected by the First Amendment.</p>

<p>The only way to prevent it would be to get all recipients of your post to agree to a nondisclosure agreement in advance. </p>

united-states copyright internet california