Can I use screenshot of a TV show on slides of a talk?
<p>I have been invited to give a TEDx talk quite soon and the topic of the talk is really close to an episode of Black Mirror. I'd therefore like to use some images of the show in my talk. Other movies and video games also would be very relevant and I would love to be able to use them. Do you think that this is allowed, provided that I indicate "© Netflix"? I have tried contacting Netflix over this but they seem to not even know themselves.</p>

<p>Any pointers would help.</p>

<p>You would either be concerned about fair use in the US, or fair dealing in the UK (it is unclear who would have standing to sue you for infringement, but it is not Netflix. Probably Channel 4, UK). The UK doctrine is more limited than the US fair use doctrine. <a href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1988/48/section/30" rel="nofollow noreferrer">§30 of the UK law</a> seems to be what is relevant: usage requires "sufficient acknowledgement". It is not clear whether <a href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1988/48/part/I/chapter/III/crossheading/education" rel="nofollow noreferrer">§33</a> on educational use is relevant (is this "non-commercial"; is this "instruction").</p>

<p>Sufficient acknowledgment relates to moral rights, covered in Ch. 4 of the law. §2 says that moral rights</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>subsist in favour of the author, director or commissioner of the work,
  whether or not he is the owner of the copyright</p>
</blockquote>

<p>and <a href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1988/48/section/77" rel="nofollow noreferrer">§77</a> articulates this right to be identified as author or director. In that respect, to comply with the acknowledgement requirement, you would not acknowledge your local source (Netflix) or Channel 4. But the owner of moral rights must assert them per <a href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1988/48/section/78" rel="nofollow noreferrer">§ 78</a>. You need to carefully read this chapter because there is also a moral right to not be falsely held to be an author, and a right to object to derogatory treatment.</p>

<p>As for whose law you have to care about, the possibilities are broad, because a work is probably protected under the laws of many nations. I might sue you under US law because my work is protected by US copyright law and that is convenient for me, but I might also sue you under UK law or Swedish law, depending on where you live or where you infringed copyright (took the screen shot; created the slide; displayed the slide; hosted the video).</p>

copyright intellectual-property licensing fair-use