Prior Constraints-based Reward Model Training for Aligning Large
  Language Models
Hang Zhou Chenglong Wang Yimin Hu Tong Xiao Chunliang Zhang Jingbo Zhu
Reinforcement learning with human feedback for aligning large language models
(LLMs) trains a reward model typically using ranking loss with comparison
pairs.However, the training procedure suffers from an inherent problem: the
uncontrolled scaling of reward scores during reinforcement learning due to the
lack of constraints while training the reward model.This paper proposes a Prior
Constraints-based Reward Model (namely PCRM) training method to mitigate this
problem. PCRM incorporates prior constraints, specifically, length ratio and
cosine similarity between outputs of each comparison pair, during reward model
training to regulate optimization magnitude and control score margins. We
comprehensively evaluate PCRM by examining its rank correlation with human
preferences and its effectiveness in aligning LLMs via RL. Experimental results
demonstrate that PCRM significantly improves alignment performance by
effectively constraining reward score scaling. As another bonus, our method is
easily integrated into arbitrary rank-based alignment methods, such as direct
preference optimization, and can yield consistent improvement.