A Path Towards Legal Autonomy: An interoperable and explainable approach
  to extracting, transforming, loading and computing legal information using
  large language models, expert systems and Bayesian networks
Axel Constant Hannes Westermann Bryan Wilson Alex Kiefer Ines Hipolito Sylvain Pronovost Steven Swanson Mahault Albarracin Maxwell J. D. Ramstead
Legal autonomy - the lawful activity of artificial intelligence agents - can
be achieved in one of two ways. It can be achieved either by imposing
constraints on AI actors such as developers, deployers and users, and on AI
resources such as data, or by imposing constraints on the range and scope of
the impact that AI agents can have on the environment. The latter approach
involves encoding extant rules concerning AI driven devices into the software
of AI agents controlling those devices (e.g., encoding rules about limitations
on zones of operations into the agent software of an autonomous drone device).
This is a challenge since the effectivity of such an approach requires a method
of extracting, loading, transforming and computing legal information that would
be both explainable and legally interoperable, and that would enable AI agents
to reason about the law. In this paper, we sketch a proof of principle for such
a method using large language models (LLMs), expert legal systems known as
legal decision paths, and Bayesian networks. We then show how the proposed
method could be applied to extant regulation in matters of autonomous cars,
such as the California Vehicle Code.