What Causes the Failure of Explicit to Implicit Discourse Relation
  Recognition?
Wei Liu Stephen Wan Michael Strube
We consider an unanswered question in the discourse processing community: why
do relation classifiers trained on explicit examples (with connectives removed)
perform poorly in real implicit scenarios? Prior work claimed this is due to
linguistic dissimilarity between explicit and implicit examples but provided no
empirical evidence. In this study, we show that one cause for such failure is a
label shift after connectives are eliminated. Specifically, we find that the
discourse relations expressed by some explicit instances will change when
connectives disappear. Unlike previous work manually analyzing a few examples,
we present empirical evidence at the corpus level to prove the existence of
such shift. Then, we analyze why label shift occurs by considering factors such
as the syntactic role played by connectives, ambiguity of connectives, and
more. Finally, we investigate two strategies to mitigate the label shift:
filtering out noisy data and joint learning with connectives. Experiments on
PDTB 2.0, PDTB 3.0, and the GUM dataset demonstrate that classifiers trained
with our strategies outperform strong baselines.