Active Wildfires Detection and Dynamic Escape Routes Planning for Humans
  through Information Fusion between Drones and Satellites
Chang Liu Tamas Sziranyi
UAVs are playing an increasingly important role in the field of wilderness
rescue by virtue of their flexibility. This paper proposes a fusion of UAV
vision technology and satellite image analysis technology for active wildfires
detection and road networks extraction of wildfire areas and real-time dynamic
escape route planning for people in distress. Firstly, the fire source location
and the segmentation of smoke and flames are targeted based on Sentinel 2
satellite imagery. Secondly, the road segmentation and the road condition
assessment are performed by D-linkNet and NDVI values in the central area of
the fire source by UAV. Finally, the dynamic optimal route planning for humans
in real time is performed by the weighted A* algorithm in the road network with
the dynamic fire spread model. Taking the Chongqing wildfire on August 24,
2022, as a case study, the results demonstrate that the dynamic escape route
planning algorithm can provide an optimal real-time navigation path for humans
in the presence of fire through the information fusion of UAVs and satellites.