Latent Magic: An Investigation into Adversarial Examples Crafted in the
  Semantic Latent Space
BoYang Zheng
Adversarial attacks against Deep Neural Networks(DNN) have been a crutial
topic ever since \cite{goodfellow} purposed the vulnerability of DNNs. However,
most prior works craft adversarial examples in the pixel space, following the
$l_p$ norm constraint. In this paper, we give intuitional explain about why
crafting adversarial examples in the latent space is equally efficient and
important. We purpose a framework for crafting adversarial examples in semantic
latent space based on an pre-trained Variational Auto Encoder from state-of-art
Stable Diffusion Model\cite{SDM}. We also show that adversarial examples
crafted in the latent space can also achieve a high level of fool rate.
However, examples crafted from latent space are often hard to evaluated, as
they doesn't follow a certain $l_p$ norm constraint, which is a big challenge
for existing researches. To efficiently and accurately evaluate the adversarial
examples crafted in the latent space, we purpose \textbf{a novel evaluation
matric} based on SSIM\cite{SSIM} loss and fool rate.Additionally, we explain
why FID\cite{FID} is not suitable for measuring such adversarial examples. To
the best of our knowledge, it's the first evaluation metrics that is
specifically designed to evaluate the quality of a adversarial attack. We also
investigate the transferability of adversarial examples crafted in the latent
space and show that they have superiority over adversarial examples crafted in
the pixel space.