BEIR-PL: Zero Shot Information Retrieval Benchmark for the Polish
  Language
Konrad Wojtasik Vadim Shishkin Kacper Wołowiec Arkadiusz Janz Maciej Piasecki
The BEIR dataset is a large, heterogeneous benchmark for Information
Retrieval (IR) in zero-shot settings, garnering considerable attention within
the research community. However, BEIR and analogous datasets are predominantly
restricted to the English language. Our objective is to establish extensive
large-scale resources for IR in the Polish language, thereby advancing the
research in this NLP area. In this work, inspired by mMARCO and Mr.~TyDi
datasets, we translated all accessible open IR datasets into Polish, and we
introduced the BEIR-PL benchmark -- a new benchmark which comprises 13
datasets, facilitating further development, training and evaluation of modern
Polish language models for IR tasks. We executed an evaluation and comparison
of numerous IR models on the newly introduced BEIR-PL benchmark. Furthermore,
we publish pre-trained open IR models for Polish language,d marking a
pioneering development in this field. Additionally, the evaluation revealed
that BM25 achieved significantly lower scores for Polish than for English,
which can be attributed to high inflection and intricate morphological
structure of the Polish language. Finally, we trained various re-ranking models
to enhance the BM25 retrieval, and we compared their performance to identify
their unique characteristic features. To ensure accurate model comparisons, it
is necessary to scrutinise individual results rather than to average across the
entire benchmark. Thus, we thoroughly analysed the outcomes of IR models in
relation to each individual data subset encompassed by the BEIR benchmark. The
benchmark data is available at URL {\bf https://huggingface.co/clarin-knext}.