MAG-GNN: Reinforcement Learning Boosted Graph Neural Network
Lecheng Kong Jiarui Feng Hao Liu Dacheng Tao Yixin Chen Muhan Zhang
While Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) recently became powerful tools in graph
learning tasks, considerable efforts have been spent on improving GNNs'
structural encoding ability. A particular line of work proposed subgraph GNNs
that use subgraph information to improve GNNs' expressivity and achieved great
success. However, such effectivity sacrifices the efficiency of GNNs by
enumerating all possible subgraphs. In this paper, we analyze the necessity of
complete subgraph enumeration and show that a model can achieve a comparable
level of expressivity by considering a small subset of the subgraphs. We then
formulate the identification of the optimal subset as a combinatorial
optimization problem and propose Magnetic Graph Neural Network (MAG-GNN), a
reinforcement learning (RL) boosted GNN, to solve the problem. Starting with a
candidate subgraph set, MAG-GNN employs an RL agent to iteratively update the
subgraphs to locate the most expressive set for prediction. This reduces the
exponential complexity of subgraph enumeration to the constant complexity of a
subgraph search algorithm while keeping good expressivity. We conduct extensive
experiments on many datasets, showing that MAG-GNN achieves competitive
performance to state-of-the-art methods and even outperforms many subgraph
GNNs. We also demonstrate that MAG-GNN effectively reduces the running time of
subgraph GNNs.