Gradient-based Parameter Selection for Efficient Fine-Tuning
Zhi Zhang Qizhe Zhang Zijun Gao Renrui Zhang Ekaterina Shutova Shiji Zhou Shanghang Zhang
With the growing size of pre-trained models, full fine-tuning and storing all
the parameters for various downstream tasks is costly and infeasible. In this
paper, we propose a new parameter-efficient fine-tuning method, Gradient-based
Parameter Selection (GPS), demonstrating that only tuning a few selected
parameters from the pre-trained model while keeping the remainder of the model
frozen can generate similar or better performance compared with the full model
fine-tuning method. Different from the existing popular and state-of-the-art
parameter-efficient fine-tuning approaches, our method does not introduce any
additional parameters and computational costs during both the training and
inference stages. Another advantage is the model-agnostic and non-destructive
property, which eliminates the need for any other design specific to a
particular model. Compared with the full fine-tuning, GPS achieves 3.33%
(91.78% vs. 88.45%, FGVC) and 9.61% (73.1% vs. 65.57%, VTAB) improvement of the
accuracy with tuning only 0.36% parameters of the pre-trained model on average
over 24 image classification tasks; it also demonstrates a significant
improvement of 17% and 16.8% in mDice and mIoU, respectively, on medical image
segmentation task. Moreover, GPS achieves state-of-the-art performance compared
with existing PEFT methods.