DiffRef3D: A Diffusion-based Proposal Refinement Framework for 3D Object
  Detection
Se-Ho Kim Inyong Koo Inyoung Lee Byeongjun Park Changick Kim
Denoising diffusion models show remarkable performances in generative tasks,
and their potential applications in perception tasks are gaining interest. In
this paper, we introduce a novel framework named DiffRef3D which adopts the
diffusion process on 3D object detection with point clouds for the first time.
Specifically, we formulate the proposal refinement stage of two-stage 3D object
detectors as a conditional diffusion process. During training, DiffRef3D
gradually adds noise to the residuals between proposals and target objects,
then applies the noisy residuals to proposals to generate hypotheses. The
refinement module utilizes these hypotheses to denoise the noisy residuals and
generate accurate box predictions. In the inference phase, DiffRef3D generates
initial hypotheses by sampling noise from a Gaussian distribution as residuals
and refines the hypotheses through iterative steps. DiffRef3D is a versatile
proposal refinement framework that consistently improves the performance of
existing 3D object detection models. We demonstrate the significance of
DiffRef3D through extensive experiments on the KITTI benchmark. Code will be
available.