BearingPGA-Net: A Lightweight and Deployable Bearing Fault Diagnosis
  Network via Decoupled Knowledge Distillation and FPGA Acceleration
Jing-Xiao Liao Sheng-Lai Wei Chen-Long Xie Tieyong Zeng Jinwei Sun Shiping Zhang Xiaoge Zhang Feng-Lei Fan
Deep learning has achieved remarkable success in the field of bearing fault
diagnosis. However, this success comes with larger models and more complex
computations, which cannot be transferred into industrial fields requiring
models to be of high speed, strong portability, and low power consumption. In
this paper, we propose a lightweight and deployable model for bearing fault
diagnosis, referred to as BearingPGA-Net, to address these challenges. Firstly,
aided by a well-trained large model, we train BearingPGA-Net via decoupled
knowledge distillation. Despite its small size, our model demonstrates
excellent fault diagnosis performance compared to other lightweight
state-of-the-art methods. Secondly, we design an FPGA acceleration scheme for
BearingPGA-Net using Verilog. This scheme involves the customized quantization
and designing programmable logic gates for each layer of BearingPGA-Net on the
FPGA, with an emphasis on parallel computing and module reuse to enhance the
computational speed. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first instance
of deploying a CNN-based bearing fault diagnosis model on an FPGA. Experimental
results reveal that our deployment scheme achieves over 200 times faster
diagnosis speed compared to CPU, while achieving a lower-than-0.4\% performance
drop in terms of F1, Recall, and Precision score on our independently-collected
bearing dataset. Our code is available at
\url{https://github.com/asdvfghg/BearingPGA-Net}.