Med-DANet V2: A Flexible Dynamic Architecture for Efficient Medical
  Volumetric Segmentation
Haoran Shen Yifu Zhang Wenxuan Wang Chen Chen Jing Liu Shanshan Song Jiangyun Li
Recent works have shown that the computational efficiency of 3D medical image
(e.g. CT and MRI) segmentation can be impressively improved by dynamic
inference based on slice-wise complexity. As a pioneering work, a dynamic
architecture network for medical volumetric segmentation (i.e. Med-DANet) has
achieved a favorable accuracy and efficiency trade-off by dynamically selecting
a suitable 2D candidate model from the pre-defined model bank for different
slices. However, the issues of incomplete data analysis, high training costs,
and the two-stage pipeline in Med-DANet require further improvement. To this
end, this paper further explores a unified formulation of the dynamic inference
framework from the perspective of both the data itself and the model structure.
For each slice of the input volume, our proposed method dynamically selects an
important foreground region for segmentation based on the policy generated by
our Decision Network and Crop Position Network. Besides, we propose to insert a
stage-wise quantization selector to the employed segmentation model (e.g.
U-Net) for dynamic architecture adapting. Extensive experiments on BraTS 2019
and 2020 show that our method achieves comparable or better performance than
previous state-of-the-art methods with much less model complexity. Compared
with previous methods Med-DANet and TransBTS with dynamic and static
architecture respectively, our framework improves the model efficiency by up to
nearly 4.1 and 17.3 times with comparable segmentation results on BraTS 2019.