On the Language Encoder of Contrastive Cross-modal Models
Mengjie Zhao Junya Ono Zhi Zhong Chieh-Hsin Lai Yuhta Takida Naoki Murata Wei-Hsiang Liao Takashi Shibuya Hiromi Wakaki Yuki Mitsufuji
Contrastive cross-modal models such as CLIP and CLAP aid various
vision-language (VL) and audio-language (AL) tasks. However, there has been
limited investigation of and improvement in their language encoder, which is
the central component of encoding natural language descriptions of image/audio
into vector representations. We extensively evaluate how unsupervised and
supervised sentence embedding training affect language encoder quality and
cross-modal task performance. In VL pretraining, we found that sentence
embedding training language encoder quality and aids in cross-modal tasks,
improving contrastive VL models such as CyCLIP. In contrast, AL pretraining
benefits less from sentence embedding training, which may result from the
limited amount of pretraining data. We analyze the representation spaces to
understand the strengths of sentence embedding training, and find that it
improves text-space uniformity, at the cost of decreased cross-modal alignment.