Modelling and characterization of fine Particulate Matter dynamics in
  Bujumbura using low cost sensors
Egide Ndamuzi Rachel Akimana Paterne Gahungu Elie Bimenyimana
Air pollution is a result of multiple sources including both natural and
anthropogenic activities. The rapid urbanization of the cities such as
Bujumbura economic capital of Burundi, is one of these factors. The very first
characterization of the spatio-temporal variability of PM2.5 in Bujumbura and
the forecasting of PM2.5 concentration have been conducted in this paper using
data collected during a year, from august 2022 to august 2023, by low cost
sensors installed in Bujumbura city. For each commune, an hourly, daily and
seasonal analysis were carried out and the results showed that the mass
concentrations of PM2.5 in the three municipalities differ from one commune to
another. The average hourly and annual PM2.5 concentrations exceed the World
Health Organization standards. The range is between 28.3 and 35.0 microgram/m3
. In order to make prediction of PM2.5 concentration, an investigation of RNN
with Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) has been undertaken.