Authentication and integrity of smartphone videos through multimedia
  container structure analysis
Carlos Quinto Huamán Ana Lucila Sandoval Orozco Luis Javier García Villalba
Nowadays, mobile devices have become the natural substitute for the digital
camera, as they capture everyday situations easily and quickly, encouraging
users to express themselves through images and videos. These videos can be
shared across different platforms exposing them to any kind of intentional
manipulation by criminals who are aware of the weaknesses of forensic
techniques to accuse an innocent person or exonerate a guilty person in a
judicial process. Commonly, manufacturers do not comply 100% with the
specifications of the standards for the creation of videos. Also, videos shared
on social networks, and instant messaging applications go through filtering and
compression processes to reduce their size, facilitate their transfer, and
optimize storage on their platforms. The omission of specifications and results
of transformations carried out by the platforms embed a features pattern in the
multimedia container of the videos. These patterns make it possible to
distinguish the brand of the device that generated the video, social network,
and instant messaging application that was used for the transfer. Research in
recent years has focused on the analysis of AVI containers and tiny video
datasets. This work presents a novel technique to detect possible attacks
against MP4, MOV, and 3GP format videos that affect their integrity and
authenticity. The method is based on the analysis of the structure of video
containers generated by mobile devices and their behavior when shared through
social networks, instant messaging applications, or manipulated by editing
programs. The objectives of the proposal are to verify the integrity of videos,
identify the source of acquisition and distinguish between original and
manipulated videos.