An Infinite-Width Analysis on the Jacobian-Regularised Training of a
  Neural Network
Taeyoung Kim Hongseok Yang
The recent theoretical analysis of deep neural networks in their
infinite-width limits has deepened our understanding of initialisation, feature
learning, and training of those networks, and brought new practical techniques
for finding appropriate hyperparameters, learning network weights, and
performing inference. In this paper, we broaden this line of research by
showing that this infinite-width analysis can be extended to the Jacobian of a
deep neural network. We show that a multilayer perceptron (MLP) and its
Jacobian at initialisation jointly converge to a Gaussian process (GP) as the
widths of the MLP's hidden layers go to infinity and characterise this GP. We
also prove that in the infinite-width limit, the evolution of the MLP under the
so-called robust training (i.e., training with a regulariser on the Jacobian)
is described by a linear first-order ordinary differential equation that is
determined by a variant of the Neural Tangent Kernel. We experimentally show
the relevance of our theoretical claims to wide finite networks, and
empirically analyse the properties of kernel regression solution to obtain an
insight into Jacobian regularisation.