Object Detection for Caries or Pit and Fissure Sealing Requirement in
  Children's First Permanent Molars
Chenyao Jiang Shiyao Zhai Hengrui Song Yuqing Ma Yachen Fan Yancheng Fang Dongmei Yu Canyang Zhang Sanyang Han Runming Wang Yong Liu Jianbo Li Peiwu Qin
Dental caries is one of the most common oral diseases that, if left
untreated, can lead to a variety of oral problems. It mainly occurs inside the
pits and fissures on the occlusal/buccal/palatal surfaces of molars and
children are a high-risk group for pit and fissure caries in permanent molars.
Pit and fissure sealing is one of the most effective methods that is widely
used in prevention of pit and fissure caries. However, current detection of
pits and fissures or caries depends primarily on the experienced dentists,
which ordinary parents do not have, and children may miss the remedial
treatment without timely detection. To address this issue, we present a method
to autodetect caries and pit and fissure sealing requirements using oral photos
taken by smartphones. We use the YOLOv5 and YOLOX models and adopt a tiling
strategy to reduce information loss during image pre-processing. The best
result for YOLOXs model with tiling strategy is 72.3 mAP.5, while the best
result without tiling strategy is 71.2. YOLOv5s6 model with/without tiling
attains 70.9/67.9 mAP.5, respectively. We deploy the pre-trained network to
mobile devices as a WeChat applet, allowing in-home detection by parents or
children guardian.