Harnessing Artificial Intelligence to Combat Online Hate: Exploring the
  Challenges and Opportunities of Large Language Models in Hate Speech
  Detection
Tharindu Kumarage Amrita Bhattacharjee Joshua Garland
Large language models (LLMs) excel in many diverse applications beyond
language generation, e.g., translation, summarization, and sentiment analysis.
One intriguing application is in text classification. This becomes pertinent in
the realm of identifying hateful or toxic speech -- a domain fraught with
challenges and ethical dilemmas. In our study, we have two objectives: firstly,
to offer a literature review revolving around LLMs as classifiers, emphasizing
their role in detecting and classifying hateful or toxic content. Subsequently,
we explore the efficacy of several LLMs in classifying hate speech: identifying
which LLMs excel in this task as well as their underlying attributes and
training. Providing insight into the factors that contribute to an LLM
proficiency (or lack thereof) in discerning hateful content. By combining a
comprehensive literature review with an empirical analysis, our paper strives
to shed light on the capabilities and constraints of LLMs in the crucial domain
of hate speech detection.