P2LHAP:Wearable sensor-based human activity recognition, segmentation
  and forecast through Patch-to-Label Seq2Seq Transformer
Shuangjian Li Tao Zhu Mingxing Nie Huansheng Ning Zhenyu Liu Liming Chen
Traditional deep learning methods struggle to simultaneously segment,
recognize, and forecast human activities from sensor data. This limits their
usefulness in many fields such as healthcare and assisted living, where
real-time understanding of ongoing and upcoming activities is crucial. This
paper introduces P2LHAP, a novel Patch-to-Label Seq2Seq framework that tackles
all three tasks in a efficient single-task model. P2LHAP divides sensor data
streams into a sequence of "patches", served as input tokens, and outputs a
sequence of patch-level activity labels including the predicted future
activities. A unique smoothing technique based on surrounding patch labels, is
proposed to identify activity boundaries accurately. Additionally, P2LHAP
learns patch-level representation by sensor signal channel-independent
Transformer encoders and decoders. All channels share embedding and Transformer
weights across all sequences. Evaluated on three public datasets, P2LHAP
significantly outperforms the state-of-the-art in all three tasks,
demonstrating its effectiveness and potential for real-world applications.