september march argentine lawyer journalist politician played decisive role national government argentina created revolution born buenos_aires father born spain arrived city married del family thirteen brothers youth studied latin logic philosophy followed college studies law studies learned new ideas spanish enlightenment married returned buenos_aires prominent lawyer unlike rejected project administration joining instead ill fated mutiny worked wrote economic paper representation landowners persuaded open trade britain prominently involved revolution deposed appointed secretary war new government promoted harsh policies supporters government strengthening new policies detailed secret document operations plan historians dispute authorship organized military campaigns ensured execution defeat counter revolution established argentine newspaper translated spanish achieved military victories president opposed favoring moderate policies instead allied expanded number members leave minority disputes going appointed diplomatic mission britain died sea way brother alleged poisoned supporters influential political party years death historians hold perspectives role historical significance considered precursor argentine journalism birth studies son poor parents fourteen siblings studied living family afford price graduated honor diploma met influential people literary field helped continue studies father afford cost big university south_america time studied books european philosophers age enlightenment studied english french languages understand authors britain france allowed work translator spent years working convinced society changed power intelligence reason studied philosophical texts spanish enlightenment priest implement new ideas country wrote thesis strong criticism native slavery mines influenced spanish foremost publisher indian law fiscal defender indigenous cause started professional career office labour counselor indians result confronted powerful people like left city threatened returned buenos_aires wife newborn son city reporter hearings local appeal court local council hired advisor defended cases early disputes backed denying appointment ensign young british army invaded buenos_aires starting british invasions actively involved military counter offensive drove opposed british presence buenos_aires wrote diary noted events future know circumstances allowed invasion british new attack time invading published bilingual english spanish newspaper known southern star del sur newspaper names conjunction advocated free trade british goal promoted american independence british protection banned newspaper requested write articles british publication refused accept british rule agreed criticisms spanish government fearing new attack buenos_aires left city family relocated countryside house buenos_aires left prisoner british commander invasion friends helped escape unknown aware plan political activities spanish citizen born americas work buenos_aires sought promote political changes privileges spanish born unlike politicians support project sought coronation spain americas joined mayor instead allowed serve legal adviser capacity wrote petition named protector result petitions local king capital organized mutiny january joined replace government learning capture spanish king ferdinand vii war creation prevailed new mutiny defeated swift reaction command dispersed crowd persuaded disputed historians mutiny similar opposite goals revolution place year later historians support perspective try attempts excuse justify involvement support consider instead revolutionary year lawyer trial followed labeled trial extend trial reasons unknown succeeded months later pardoned reduce political conflicts allowed free trade instructed benefited british merchants britain allied spain war agents asserted hurt local economy moral values social religious practices loyalty spain monarchy result closed trade restoring spanish group owners feel adequately represented asked defend wrote representation landowners report represented export interest landowners encouraged free trade condemned privileges merchants benefited considered comprehensive economic report time represented new european economic ideas noted legal spain prevent british goods smuggled authors questioned authorship paper considering instead update previously drafted secretary written similar request report prestige colonial society helped gain confidence secretly supported plan dismiss contacts groups seeking removal strongly involved revolution considered fall reason create local time loyal attended open according father father law direct witness stayed silent join debate voted proposal remove replace captain proposed government men appointed voted proposal included felt betrayed twisted results open created headed refused contacts revolutionaries stayed home remaining events definitive members came popular petition signed given reasons inclusion list unclear members commonly accepted theory considers balance faced strong opposition beginning resisted locally loyal factions nearby recognize organized counter revolution politician point leader radical supporters supported popular leaders priests like described youths streets preaching new ideas pedestrian found turned coffee shop political hall proposed social classes illustrated supported french promoted colonel regiment regiment known star star wore composed radical youths led french riots revolution established official newspaper june decree managed contents newspapers available public days later issued freedom press decree allowed press publish public morals attack revolution government published works translation later work chapter religion suggesting author religious matters prevent religious disputes patriots publication criticized conservatives said generate popular unrest writings maintained loyalty ferdinand vii unclear historians pro independence ambitions truly loyal deposed king specific references early november reference write constitution said congress establish absolute disposal beloved ferdinand meaning right self determination allow think authority absolute subject popular sovereignty monarch lose authority worked common good people considered ferdinand vii returned throne able challenge constitution written absence wrote hypothetical scenario describe strength constitution likely possibility issued days government ordered punishment attempting generate disputes people military bodies composed indigenous peoples reformed military ranks similar spanish military bodies early spanish colonization americas actions defeated new created swear loyalty royal defiance local authority summoned exiled spain pretext threat lives appointed new members loyal revolution wrote attacked good faith government left usual safety people rejected exile reacted immediately concerns supported legitimacy criticizing stating overseas spanish territories equally capable creating debated open called unity support metropolis cities recognize ferdinand vii legitimate monarch argued treated initially particularly generated popular discontent told thing british lord organized military expeditions counter threat resisted headed attack counter revolution organized went upper peru initial orders capture counter revolutionary leaders send buenos_aires judged counter revolution stronger called support proposed enemy leaders shot soon captured instead brought trial accepted new proposal delivered counter revolution defeated following august execute prisoners head patriotic party persuaded spare prisoners popular people support deaths prisoners included governor bishop city stuck initial orders delivered prisoners city accept told general simply obey orders called new meeting produced paper left home said die let live note second written capital letters original agreed fire replace secretary leading escort intercepted convoy executed religious commanded renamed army north launched alto campaign gave harsh new instructions monitor activities rich kill bishop sight allow soldiers enemies patriot victory generate terror context favourable genuine support revolution indigenous people joining fearing consequences possible royalist counter attack projects included emancipation indigenous peoples mines resisted local populations system force proposed advance military campaign closer asked stay position military expedition moved commanded following instructions helped natives missions way gave civil political rights granted lands authorized commerce removed taxes years abolished type torture lifted restrictions taking public religious office promoted stronger measures july gave orders neighboring prevent creation secret groups activities promote promoted new decree called trial goods left city authorization kept military weapons secret promoted popular discontent government wrote letters people cities purpose cases usually punished execution exile rich people exiled decree rich man blamed actions accusing disagreement felt ideas cause great measures criticized moderate supporters revolution rejected lack proper trials compared french time thought way secure revolution successful continent considered latin american integration achieved peacefully equals result conquest campaign wrote pure intentions dangerous freedom america work lead real peoples improve having instead european ones positive comments rebellions operations plan following proposal wrote political platform setting broad goals procedures follow achieve objectives creation document summarized simply operations plan trusted disputes authenticity document historians like suspect document literary prepared discredit supporters document like content consistent government actions taken document states need defeat royalist forces proposes possible actions similar employed reign terror french revolution rejected use political considering dangerous revolutionary times compared south american revolution early stages french north american ones revolution spain pointing relied solely secret meetings document proposes favor patriots fill state offices hand carefully monitored punished proof action executed rich influential end need create espionage network policy coherent actions taken counter revolution similar employed north shortly thought ally buenos_aires use resource disposal join fight noted internal conflicts chile urged support local patriots local level international relations rejected slavery brazil neighboring portuguese colony proposed distribute large numbers newspapers filled ideas translated portuguese provide military support slaves riot considered risk complete spanish defeat war restoration great regarded britain potential ally conflict britain able provide weapons goods produced locally critics consider proposal document warns risk allowing britain influence national economy criticized relationship britain portugal considering portugal subject slavery britain british influence brazil high portuguese colonies eventually british ones held ideas simultaneously friendly cautious britain pages newspaper economic field document addressed lack turn political changes economic development proposed overcome lack strong state proposed state invest million factories manufacturing arts agriculture navigation critical areas risk bankruptcy state manage businesses money generated state seek seeds tools ultimately allow continent economically initial money state need active economic force come mines nearly million proposed simply money mines reasoned thousand people harmed action eighty thousand benefit state manage areas indefinitely proposed strong economic activity area state observe making sure followed laws enacted common good society early 19th century promote common proposals proposal conspiracy equals promoted french revolution thought state sized fortunes managed individuals detrimental civil society individuals tend manage economy benefit fixing problems society large document proposed avoid money include high import luxury goods seen contradiction request different things representation opposed absolute prohibition trade britain allowing following policy secretary reduced national exports kept high ones imports internal disputes disagreements events revolution way run government disputes public shortly creation president secretary support vocal members describes felt president attempting restore office authority importance members public events considered secretary authority allow appointment liking domingo clarify memoirs initial concerns based desire honours privileges real power struggle described resisted initially supported revolution aware long term consequences resisted alarmed straightforward way talking concepts like self determination slavery freedom resented cited authors like christian philosophers like resisted conservative lawyers military october measures started generate resistance initially supported revolution traders like policy members military close ties rich people opposed punishment october discovered members sworn loyalty past july jailed included dispute deciding proposed executing accusing working enemy replied government promote rejected use carry executions prisoners finally exiled housed point military support domingo french head star regiment supported far away capital respective military campaigns activists revolution supported members patriots like kept strong support added merchants supporters regime deemed lesser evil sought modify military balance power reforming promotion rules point sons officials automatically granted status cadet promoted arranged promotions earned military merits instead short run measure worked members military got promoted precisely rules thought support lower classes instrumental success revolution wrote letters instructing generate support popular involvement time consolidate war rise took place later increased resistance proposals victory battle considering revolution defeated enemies relax severity consequence hosted banquet celebration barracks restricting attendance military supporters allowed pass guards door generated small incident night officer drunk gave crown sugar wife new king emperor americas day heard incident wrote honours suppression decree suppressed ceremony usually reserved president inherited privileges office exiled act justified stating buenos_aires drunk asleep expressed freedom country signed decree complaint felt resented conflicts generated international reactions lord complained later actions execution seen violent initial ones brazil concerned copies distributed influencing slaves ideas brazilian government sent buenos_aires purpose conflict aspirations rule regent met interview july got positive impression said rights confirmed spanish monarchy buenos_aires support meant stand provinces following month requested representative offered pointed brazil forces near frontier awaiting orders attack revolution time resisted rejected sending representative told work interests brazil rejected considering possible military threat immediately sent rio_de_janeiro available ship described day accused attempting build republic december deputies provinces convened circular arrived buenos_aires closer ideas highly influential agree body join deputies wanted join thought start constituent assembly allied calculated stop joining proposals agreed minority original members deputies discussed topic december said buenos_aires right rule provinces consent got support members said popular discontent supporters said discontent rebels said discontent respect decree voted deputies joined resigned resignation rejected opposition incorporation deputies seen historians initial step conflict buenos_aires provinces dominated politics argentina following decades precursor find words actions consistent historians feel inappropriate far future considered error label federal proving organization secondary aspect similarly notes devoted energies immediate problem achieving independence giving thought possible long term scenarios political decline death diplomatic mission britain requested given appointment instead accepted immediately traveled britain brother secretary british schooner fame health declined doctor board captain refused requests land earlier port brazil cape_town south_africa captain gave common use time prepared grams potassium great consequence considered state resisted quarter died shortly body wrapped union jack thrown sea volley speculated later poisoned captain unsure captain given substance substituted gave higher dose circumstances allow autopsy performed points sustain idea murder captain refusal land slow sailing administration secrecy didn return buenos_aires ship pointed irregular ruling appointed british person named curtis replacement diplomatic mission case death son commented historian mother received anonymous gift mourning hand fan instructions use soon time murder common assumption mentioned trial residence members stated trial requested britain afraid murdered stated meeting discussed resignation modern author studied health family concluded died natural causes legacy despite death supporters influential party buenos_aires accused plotting allow coronation organized rebellion star regiment aware organized rebellion rebellion requested strong changes government removal exile return trial party set apart government short lived military defeats started new political crisis replaced executive power closed completely supporters french later support campaign argentine war independence room like french opposed presidency particular worked government powerful federal leader historical perspectives early argentine historians described leader revolution great historical man later liberal historians portrayal example tendency biographers describe statesman notable economist decided democrat great leader historians representation government platform revolution subsequently authors accusations promoting popular leader according authors british agent paranoid mere man theoretical ideas applying european principles failed local context portrayed leader revolution liberal historiography considered work considered negative light blamed harsh policies considering terrorist predecessor liberal historians usually concealed policies modern authors like attempt rescue image avoiding extremes sweet liberal horrible written historians consider successor proposals seek alliance britain seen product example limited options available similarly attribute influence representation considering mere work client didn influence allowed free trade international contexts harsh policies acknowledged attributed specifically compared similar royalist measures punish revolution indigenous rebellion journalism regarded argentine journalist created june day newspaper available public recognized argentina journalist day newspaper buenos_aires revolution newspaper followed edited colonial period sign decree established newspaper text implies result discussion initiative fellow member appointed director newspaper actually directed newspaper considers directed newspaper memoirs later director confirm newspaper managed promoted supporter freedom press actually state sponsored newspaper allowed freedom information interests government according situation today considered media bias personal life family poor afford house slaves mother women buenos_aires fourteen children moved brother friend family raised money long difficult journey gave attack stay bed days arrival attacks years later met city seeing miniature portrait house expected families follow religious studies father authorize change studied laws married secret avoid family resistance single son named like father left europe diplomatic mission wife son stayed buenos_aires wrote letters descriptions ongoing events city written dead learn fate following august letter arrived requested widow pension power value thirty beliefs studied french spanish authors age enlightenment studies main influence translated work spanish justify actions contemporary people acknowledged translator main page said work reprinted historians doubt actually work claimed reprinted translation translations differ thought reprint translation said translator gave indication thought completed considers comments contemporary people lack earlier similar translation work allow conclude translator earlier translation found despite interest french authors kept strong spanish cultural heritage agree stay influenced books line spanish enlightenment kept strong religious beliefs removed chapter work critical religion gave religious studies study law married actually priest studied priests approved encouraged change physical aspect canonical image portrait spanish work desk chilean artist centennial revolution historian asked design pictures event belonged mainstream line historians professed great admiration described follows soul government revolution nerve distinguished statesman group managing ship attacked doubt anxious reach goal aspirations destiny compass grabbed helm strongest came direct asked picture consistent image portrait depicts friendly man open round face wide forehead look subsequent interpretations like follow style portraits members portrait years death subject known depictions lifetime based artist imagination known clearly visible smallpox age point face later portrait discovered life juan rivera portrait painted appointment secretary considered closest representation real appearance portrait depicted elongated face abundant hair long big eyes nose
Mariano Moreno