née august october czech american woman american woman win nobel prize science woman awarded nobel prize physiology medicine born prague austro hungarian empire czech_republic nickname named austrian warship growing time women science allowed educational opportunities gained medical school met future husband graduation married deteriorating conditions europe couple emigrated united_states continued early interest medical research collaborating laboratory published research findings husband publishing singly unlike husband difficulty securing research positions ones obtained provided pay husband insisted continuing collaboration discouraged institutions employed husband argentine received nobel prize discovery mechanism derivative broken muscle tissue acid body stored source energy known cycle identified important compound designated recognition work died year struggle remained active research laboratory end received recognition achievements multiple awards honors crater moon crater venus named life work born jewish family prague father chemist manager sugar successful method sugar mother martha friend culturally sophisticated woman home girls age decided wanted medical doctor pursuing study science learned lacked latin physics chemistry mathematics course year managed study equivalent years latin years science years math uncle professor encouraged attend medical school studied passed university entrance examination admitted medical school prague unusual woman achieve time studying met immediately attracted charm sense humor love outdoors mountain climbing entered medical school eighteen graduated married year converted catholicism enabling marry roman_catholic_church moved vienna austria spent years children hospital husband worked laboratory hospital worked unit conducted experiments temperature regulation comparing temperatures treatment published papers blood disorders served austrian army world war drafted life difficult following world war suffered caused severe food shortages problems conjunction increasing anti contributed decision leave europe immigrated united_states months difficulty obtaining position pursue medical research buffalo new_york citizens united_states director institute threatened dismiss cease collaborative research husband continued work kept institute discouraged working continued specializing investigating particularly interested human body regulate process published papers author status going research given paper published articles sole author proposed theoretical cycle later won nobel prize cycle cycle describes human body uses chemical reactions break muscle tissue acid left publishing work number universities offered position refused hire informed university interview considered married couple work refused position school allow work wife moved missouri offered positions rank salary husbands despite research background offered position research associate salary tenth received husband warned harm husband career chancellor special hold position going university rules wait thirteen years attained rank husband associate professor months won nobel prize promoted professor post held death continued collaboration working frog muscle discovered intermediate compound enabled breakdown called known established compound structure identified chemical formation showed beginning step conversion large amounts found liver step conversion blood step studied storage disease identifying forms related particular defect defect cause human genetic disease collaborated work including won nobel prize physiology medicine discovery course conversion received half prize half going discovery played anterior lobe sugar work continued clarify mechanisms advancing understanding conversion findings proved crucial development treatments awards woman american woman win nobel prize science previous recipients woman awarded nobel prize physiology medicine elected fellow square foot laboratory deemed conduct groundbreaking research scientists went win nobel prizes scientific history crater moon named crater venus shares star late members presented jointly award addition received medal award honorary doctor science degrees yale columbia rochester member london received medal honorary doctor science degrees yale boston cambridge president vienna honored release stamp april cent stamp reported associated_press printing error chemical formula stamp distributed despite error description reads collaboration husband important discoveries including new derivative steps contributed understanding treatment diabetes diseases couple award half share nobel prize physiology medicine scientists american scientists sheet include chemist physicist awarded medal award recognizes distinguished work chemistry american women appointed president board member position held death elected fourth woman honored awarded national honorary member significant contribution research recognized named installed time woman today celebrated considered pioneer woman science final years winning nobel prize mountain climbing trip learned ill fatal disease bone years studied effects rays human body thought contribute illness struggled years illness continuing scientific work final months let died home cremated ashes scattered later son erected missouri survived husband child married daughter conservative activist remarried later moved boston taught continued work death age eighty
Gerty Cori