pennsylvania tributary pennsylvania united_states miles long flows water temperature creek ranges discharge ranges nearly cubic meters second rock formations watershed include creek watershed area square miles agricultural forested urban land small number dams mills built 19th early 20th century highest level biodiversity stream upper watershed course begins flows east feet turning south southeast tenths mile exiting entering turns south southwest short distance reaching base crossing pennsylvania route southeast miles valley receiving unnamed tributary left right creek enters receives unnamed tributary left turns south miles flows alongside receives unnamed tributary right crosses pennsylvania route receives named tributary right creek turns southeast miles flowing alongside pennsylvania route receiving unnamed tributary left entering turns south mile flowing alongside pennsylvania route crossing times creek exits valley turns south southwest flowing edge plain tenths mile receives second final named tributary right turns south mile passing western border creek turns south southeast exits tenths mile downstream reaches confluence joins miles upstream mouth water temperature summer high higher fish tolerate july ranged february march august july concentration dissolved oxygen ranged slightly nearly seventeen late january minimum required concentration dissolved oxygen optimal fish affected episodic rest upper watershed exception lowest late winter spring typically rest year entire range creek ranges concentration dissolved aluminum considerably concentration needed kill fish aluminum concentration fact usually approximately zero early concentration observed twice nearly discharge usually cubic meters second cubic meters second occasionally high nearly cubic meters second creek ranges slightly micro centimeter geography geology elevation near mouth feet sea level elevation creek source feet sea level rock southern watershed consists comes period northern watershed rock belonging consists sandstone comes found creek formation consists sandstone comes periods watershed watershed area square miles km2 creek mouth united_states geological survey source significant agricultural activity lower reaches watershed residential areas additionally agricultural lands upper reaches watershed rest watershed forested land downstream parts watershed urban history etymology known current late 1830s creek entered august constructed near vicinity elections union soldiers stationed creek guarding polling venues mill called thomas mill built creek remained operational owned late 1800s early 1900s timber producing business creek run constructed queen covered bridge bridge moved south branch creek sold span concrete beam bridge carrying pennsylvania route built creek feet long located miles north bridge type single built miles north year bridge feet long span steel multi beam bridge constructed creek feet long carries state route bridge time built miles north feet long carries box beam bridge carrying pennsylvania route built located mile north feet long constructed dam upstream acre private called gap established wife biology taxa observed observed upper fishing creek number square meter site lower reaches creek nearly far higher number square meter site site middle reaches creek site density square meter approximately taxa approximately total species wild fish brook trout brown trout inhabit brook trout slightly common brown trout brook trout seven brown trout observed survey trout common upstream pennsylvania route crossing creek downstream common fish creek aforementioned survey total black observed species fish watershed include johnny white creek habitat quality upper fishing creek tributaries rated scale higher rating indicating better given rating rating significantly lower downstream downstream crossing pennsylvania route rating averages creek lowest rating rating occurred downstream market street bridge shannon diversity index commonly measure diversity biological communities slightly measure pollution tolerant creek ranges area creek near ranges little sections agriculture
West Creek (Pennsylvania)