book story success non fiction book written published november examines factors contribute high levels success support thesis examines causes majority canadian ice hockey players born months calendar year microsoft founder achieved extreme wealth beatles successful musical acts human history built successful law firms world cultural differences play large perceived intelligence rational decision making people exceptional intelligence end vastly different fortunes publication repeatedly mentions hour rule claiming key achieving world class expertise skill large extent matter practicing correct way total hours publication debuted number bestseller lists new_york_times globe_and_mail holding position consecutive weeks generally received critics considered personal works reviews commented felt like autobiography reviews praised connection draws background rest publication conclude book reviewers appreciated questions posed finding important determine individual potential ignored society lessons learned considered writing style deemed easy understand criticized complex social phenomena background author journalist washington_post writing new_yorker subjects articles usually non fiction range empire computers analyze pop songs familiarity academic material allowed write psychology experiments studies law articles statistical surveys plane crashes classical musicians hockey players converts prose accessible general audience pass popular imagination typically writes viewpoint wrote best selling books books described pop economics point focuses ideas behaviors reach critical mass rapidly grew popular 1990s explains happens seconds encounter actually start think books focus singular events singular moments singular people drawn writing singular things discovered best stories convinced unusual stories best chance reaching page newspaper quickly notion interested mundane spent time looking research claims contrary considered popularly held beliefs book chapters focuses american public school system research conducted university suggested way education discussed united_states backwards chapter cites pioneering research performed canadian psychologist discussing young hockey player determine skill level future writing book noted biggest success solely ambition hard work hopes lot involved individual success society cares admit wants people away notion happens person person noted little regard person fate society impact man individual success asked message wanted people away reading responded community society matters sounds little powerful truth think synopsis parts opportunity contains chapters legacy book contains introduction epilogue focusing defined people fit normal understanding achievement deals exceptional people especially smart rich successful operate extreme outer edge plausible book offers examples include musical ensemble beatles microsoft founder theoretical physicist introduction lays purpose ask successful people like asking logic succeeds doesn publication discusses family culture friendship play role individual success constantly asks successful people deserve praise book begins observation number elite canadian hockey players born months calendar year reason youth hockey leagues determine eligibility calendar year children born january play league born december year children born earlier year bigger mature younger competitors identified better athletes leads extra coaching higher likelihood selected elite hockey leagues phenomenon rich richer poor poorer dubbed advantage calls matthew effect named biblical verse gospel matthew unto shall given shall abundance shall taken away asserts success depends selection process identify talent athletes natural abilities common theme appears hour rule based study claims greatness requires enormous time source beatles musical talents gates computer examples beatles performed live hamburg germany times hours playing time meeting hour rule asserts time beatles spent performing shaped talent quotes beatles biographer saying time returned england hamburg germany sounded like making gates met hour rule gained access high school computer age spent hours programming interviews gates says unique access computer time commonplace helped succeed access states gates highly intelligent driven charming person successful professional worth billion chooses words carefully mention gates mother board directors access ordinary daughter wealthy businessmen says explains reaching hour rule considers key success field simply matter practicing specific task accomplished hours work week years notes took exactly years meet hour rule brief tenure recent job washington_post theme continuously reminds reader genius important thing determining person success illustrate claim discusses story man ended owning horse farm rural missouri despite having claims points reached high level success dysfunctional environment grew life background help advantage exceptional gifts find success rock stars professional athletes software makes writes later compares father atomic bomb noting innate natural abilities helped succeed life argues upbringing pivotal difference life grew wealthiest neighborhoods manhattan son successful businessman painter attended afforded childhood cultivation argues opportunities gave chance develop practical intelligence necessary success provides student university_of_cambridge attempted poison avoided punishment continued studies skills gained cultivated upbringing negotiation university administrators wanted expel chapter bargain advances notion success students different cultures different socio economic backgrounds fact highly time students spent school rich environments describes knowledge power program helps students inner city schools united_states achieve better results inner city schools students explains success stems fact simply spent hours school school year summer year study demonstrating summer holidays detrimental effect students backgrounds progress school year students highest socio economic group book concludes writes unique roots jamaican mother descendant african slaves attended london met fell love young mathematician moving canada graham math professor writer acknowledges mother ambition intelligence points opportunities offered parents helped live life better slave descendants west_indies explains 18th century white plantation owner jamaica bought female slave mistress act inadvertently saved slave offspring life brutal slave descendants turn luck led relatively successful position life publication notes success exceptional mysterious grounded web advantages deserved earned plain lucky end book remarks wasn intended autobiography read extended apology success style described form autobiography mixes elements life book personal touch writing time magazine called personal book predecessors noting hold light right angle read coded autobiography successful man trying figure context success happened means feels guilty success believes experienced success reception published november debuted number bestseller lists new_york_times united_states globe_and_mail canada november holding position consecutive weeks books engaging vivid prose drew praise criticized falling prey reasoning inadequate based sampling analysis reviewing book wall_street_journal praised writing style iconic asserted new authors seek define chosen topic complimented clarity easy grace pointed possible heels complex phenomena compact explanations furthermore praised book asking important questions potential ignored raw talent remains ultimately lost ideas success looks like required achieve discussion book slate magazine particularly moved family history felt links race achievement given substantive analysis found lessons mentioned oddly contribution concluded remarking represents opportunity enormously talented influential writer descendant african slave major contribution ongoing discourse nature race gave book stars appreciated moments wondered purposely evidence thesis review remarked repetitive parts eventually pulls stories overarching narrative criticism focused book style displeased drawn small amounts data wrote believed approach points certain exhaustion favorite method remarked experiments analyses conclusions drawn applied historical cultural phenomena create moment method longer working high time produce challenging beautifully executed tomb old papers independent held similar opinion wondered hold reviewing book guardian felt argument referring times uses word defining position example profoundly wrong way look success idea success simple function individual merit world grow rules choose write society don matter believed certain dimensional work observing examples united_states particularly new_york_city article book new_york_times wrote reasoning consists cherry picked anecdotes post hoc false review called final chapter forms critical thinking finding ironic provided suggestions resolve cultural sunday times review agreed book suffered focus american subjects predicting lead better sales united_states united_kingdom jackson disappointed book lack new ideas noting merely expands concept born right moment right place right family usually helps work hard skeptical arguments hour rule beatles success youthful spirit age vogue guitar bands spark collaborative chemistry book paul_mccartney member beatles said interview august read book think lot truth mean awful lot bands hamburg hours didn cast iron theory think look group successful think find work background don think rule work going successful beatles assistant professor psychology phd colleagues subsequently performed comprehensive review research papers practice relating acquiring skills focused specifically papers collected recorded data practice times paper note hour rule view frequent topic popular science writing conducted analysis covering major domains deliberate practice investigated found deliberate practice explained performance games music sports education conclude deliberate practice important important argued statistical analyst looked claim best time born software millionaire found category held software millionaire twice likely born outside window notes claims means getting reader think patterns general pursuit fact referenced opinion editorial commemorated birthday professor lee discussed strategic timing king ascent perspective citing inspiration argument
Outliers (book)