hungary hungarian croatian july king hungary king croatia second son king hungary death elder brother acknowledged cousin solomon king exchange receiving father included kingdom solomon decade popular legend narrates fight abducted hungarian girl connected period relationship solomon deteriorated early rebelled proclaimed king solomon maintained control western regions kingdom reign brother influential adviser died supporters king solomon resisted assistance king henry germany supported opponents solomon acknowledged reign regain royal crown imprisoned hungarian saints including distant relatives king stephen set solomon free ceremony series civil wars main focus restoration public safety introduced severe legislation violated property rights death occupied croatia marked beginning expansion period medieval victories ensured security kingdom eastern borders years relationship holy deteriorated years reign claimed croatia denied claims june legends depict pious knight king incarnation late medieval hungarian ideal popular saint hungary neighboring countries churches dedicated early years second son future king hungary wife adelaide daughter king poland elder brother born poland settled banished hungary born physical spiritual makeup testified god birth according century legend contemporaneous wrote raised childhood poland pole ways life received slavic hungarian version family returned hungary received called encompassed kingdom brother king andrew hungary mentions andrew son solomon king consent sons andrew heir solomon coronation left poland sons accompanied returned polish reinforcements began rebellion andrew defeating andrew crowned king december solomon left country taking refuge died september time german troops entered hungary order restore solomon brothers went poland solomon crowned king brothers returned germans left hungary avoid civil war brothers signed treaty solomon january acknowledging solomon reign exchange father duke hungary probably divided administration received regions romania king solomon popular story later legends fight warrior abducted christian maiden occurred period relationship king cousins tense early accompanied solomon military campaign byzantine_empire stayed half troops avenge brother strong hand solomon harmed realizing civil war inevitable king launched negotiations obtain assistance foreign powers visited returned reinforcements went persuaded accompany hungary czech troops time returned hungary royal army invaded routed troops battle february met fleeing brother decided continue fight solomon legend preserved mentions battle saw broad daylight vision heaven angel placing crown head legendary episode predicted triumph king white jumped bush lance chest decisive fought march commanded troops left flank solomon defeated instead surrendering cousins fled western borders kingdom seek assistance brother law germany proclaimed king solomon established slovakia brother reign administered father repelled solomon attack present day slovakia august september seize brother main advisor legend says decided build church dedicated explained significance appearance red deer place church erected king duke standing spot near church blessed peter appeared candles burning horns began run wood spot monastery halted stood soldiers shot arrows danube saw sight blessed said truly angel god king said tell beloved brother candles saw burning horns blessed answered horns wings burning candles shining feathers shown build church place planted feet reign consolidation died april sons minors supporters proclaimed king instead emphasizes king bold poland drove solomon hungary forces placed throne called king emphasizes placed crown head desired heavenly crown crown mortal king coins depict wearing crown suggesting actually crowned shortly coronation law books incorporated decisions assembly kingdom held majority laws measures defend private property showing primarily focused internal consolidation security years reign caught stealing executed criminals committed minor offenses property rights blinded sold slaves laws regulated legal proceedings economic matters including issuing judicial summons royal monopoly salt trade freeman caught theft shall hanged flees church evade shall led church blinded caught theft flee church shall hanged owner stolen goods shall loss lost goods sons daughters freeman caught theft fled church led blinded years old shall retain freedom older years shall reduced lose property freeman steals shall lose eye shall restore stolen claims planned restore kingdom solomon contemporaneous sources report approached vii primary opponent solomon ally germany pope request sheltered nobles rebelled henry married adelaide daughter german princes elected place king supported austria rebelled german monarch forced surrender taking advantage internal conflicts besieged captured fortress solomon early stormed western regions hungary secured solomon position german invasion prevented assisting fled hungary subjects expelled poland initiated negotiations solomon exchange revenues sufficient bear expenses king solomon soon began imprisoned hungarian saints including king hungary stephen stephen son reign stephen demonstrates grandfather blinded stephen orders historian says ceremony held august political act demonstrating commitment preserving strengthening christian state dedicated newly established monastery stephen right arm known found intact released solomon time ceremony legend said stephen grave opened lord order king stephen living mortal body demonstrated approval stephen revelation saint works king reigning christ point days struggled raise holy body means moved place time sins grave arose said king cousin solomon solomon captured held prison tried vain raise body certain church holy famous life time held esteem king revelation heaven exerted vain impossible transfer relics holy king pardon offered solomon setting free confinement prison bringing forth prison repeating day fast day arrived holy remains stone lying grave lifted ease weight release solomon final effort regain crown persuaded invade hungary defeated invaders upper courses expansion august german princes opposed rule held conference contemporaneous mentions sent envoys meeting promised assist knights necessary recognized pope legitimate pope elected pope initiative provided support opponents informed solomon death king croatia wife helen sister death successor conflict developed factions croatian helen request intervened conflict invaded croatia year wrote abbot italy invasion thomas chronicle describes occupied entire land mountains called iron alps encountering opposition opponents crowned local nobleman king fought preventing complete conquest croatia appointed nephew administer occupied territory time set separate diocese bishop new archbishop hungary admitted letter promote cause committing grave sins says referring developing conflict pope urban objected refusal acknowledge holy croatia letter styled king hungarians writes title referred implying taken regions rivers byzantine_empire documents refer occupation suggesting occupy region lost quickly says associated bosnia occupied campaign croatia invaded plundered eastern kingdom argues byzantines persuaded attack hungary states retaliation chronicle continues invaded neighboring forcing ask mercy promise faithful things chronicle documents military action writes bavaria prevented conference emperor arranged king hungarians december letter written henry refers alliance entered pope mentioned hungarians left salvation implying changed sides acknowledged legitimacy iii deed stated abbot proving opposed church independence demanded personally presided assembly hungarian met recognized legitimacy clergyman marriage contrast requirements canon law states members clergy marry according scholarly theory sees moved serbia present day romania respectively reign years intervened conflict duke poland duke illegitimate son behalf marched poland captured younger son demand declared legitimate son mentions hungarian troops captured campaign credibility report questioned states france spain england britain especially brother king visited near present day serbia asking lead crusade legend says decided jerusalem die christ story invented probably reign king iii hungary actually planning lead crusade according historian plan invade wanted assist sister sons seriously ill reaching narrates sons called chief men telling brother younger son reign died near hungarian bohemian border july papal bull issued states body rests implying buried hand late 12th century legend says decided bury cart carrying body set draft animal family historian says wife family known gave birth daughter unknown daughter married adelaide daughter german anti king known child wife byzantine emperor family relatives mentioned article shown following family tree according scholarly theory suggesting wives legacy consolidation christian monarchy centuries historians emphasized prominent role consolidation christian monarchy chronicles stressed personal reign legitimacy rule questionable clearly states knew right law solomon force fact victories nomadic peoples stopped invading hungary invasion suggests people community hungarian speaking warriors started settling easternmost historic association croatia ended began conquest croatia conquest marked beginning period hungarian expansion ensured hungary developed leading central european power following centuries customary rite newly crowned hungarian monarch pilgrimage shrine attempts expand territory showed special respect hungary great king land bore splendid fruit holy king emphasizes designed knight king ideal age reign successor said character distinguished morals remarkable virtues called deeds king texts life reign preserved 14th century hungarian chronicles written rule significant events life included official legend preserved popular story describes fight warrior present day romania battle united armies solomon routed band eastern parts kingdom according version recorded spotted pagan warrior fleeing battlefield captive hungarian maiden pursued stop advice maiden pulled warrior horse allowing kill long fight ground archaeologist says murals depicting legend medieval churches preserved elements pagan myths including struggle forces light darkness blessed saw carrying horse beautiful hungarian girl thought daughter seriously swiftly pursued horse called caught wished spear horse faster horse yield ground remained distance man arm spear shouted girl said fair sister hold belt throw ground spear lay ground wished kill girl strongly pleaded kill let seen faith women probably strong love wished free having fought long time duke killed girl bishop daughter reign hungary shrine cathedral preferred venue trials ordeal determined subject soon death cult emerged hungary june lived byzantine court daughter saint according pope innocent iii declared enrolled catalogue saints report unreliable pope time charters reference implying holy authorization nearly contemporaneous says named son opened tomb beginning ceremony granted freedom parts head right hand severed distributed relics 15th century silver contains head displayed official legend compiled attributes number according legends spread kingdom reign prayed cure shot arrow air random hitting cured illness plant known hungary patron saint hungary especially borders particular soldiers people late medieval legend says appeared head army fighting routing band called times depicted mature man wearing royal crown holding long sword banner shown knees deer company angels gallery
Ladislaus I of Hungary