form largest area lowland raised united_kingdom situated north east east near town small scale extraction fuel medieval times probably earlier commercial extraction animal began 1880s cut dried transported works narrow gauge called locally wagons pulled horses works siding network canals supplying industry suffered world wars working horses replaced demand dropped second world war industry increasing volumes harvesting expanded experiments locomotives soon replaced horses total worked system time closed extraction process 1960s introduction machines cut stack mechanical loading trains introduced surface introduced completely stripped surface large areas environmental bodies considered worthless campaigning second world war culminating direct action group known resulted change policy nature habitat gradually recognised ecological resource managed small area conservation bought small area major change occurred company gave english nature acres retained right continue owned cutting rights cutting effectively ended government buy extraction rights occurred cutting season begun removal continued managed national nature reserve natural england works processes imported location cover area acres small remnant larger wetland system covered square miles km2 known lie east town motorway situated north motorway lie south road reduced size largest area lowland raised united_kingdom called terms describe collectively history source domestic fuel form thirteenth fourteenth centuries probably early roman pre roman periods early 1800s formed reported short time moving rise surface obscured previously visible home area saw major changes result drainage works routed northwards passing west routed southern edge new channel cut isolated surrounding land new flood banks works effect isolated completion running east west direction eighteenth nineteenth centuries process laden allowed cover land resulting building surface seen running eastern edge connecting purpose world war connection land near hall known occasion south set authorised charged improving parts activities increased 1880s began lease areas companies extracted commercially use animal order ditches cut begin process drainage extent workings increased dutch company cut canals horses pulled barges canal paths alongside order remove subsequently network small railways constructed canals transport mid twentieth century cut hand effects industry ecology hand cutting mainly affected surface left trenches ditches soon diverse habitat cutting process cut greater depth faster rate resulting ability recover mechanical cutting introduced early 1960s process similar hand cutting extracted small area considerable depth destructive ultimate regeneration introduction thin layer stripped wider area tonnes acre extracted acres yield tonnes acre double area early late 1960s academics conservation agencies expressed concerns badly damaged extraction farming worth saving environmental campaigning scheme cover ash coal fired power stations possibly municipal rubbish proposed plan 1960s build regional airport proposal revived ash schemes voiced plan airport plans use dump waste upgraded reopened official attitudes place value moved second world war advocate preservation thought rude began campaign recognise ecological importance asserted 1800s common rights replaced private ownership illegal commercial exploitation time good deal evidence support claims took major utilities court acts felt illegal won series high profile cases publicity advance case began direct action aided local residents local students week extraction company cut drains begin process lowering water table weekends team known walk construct dams new ditches retain water levels summer appeared winning battle activities featured bbc television eighteen dams activists began rebuilding finally conceded defeat negotiated future management government granted acres site special scientific interest status little immediate effect contributed subsequent appreciation area importance ecological resource conservation small step conservation occurred agreement reached management acres bought acres area worked canal network purchased total acres included area managing large scale transfer land occurred gave acres english nature successor agreement allowed lease active fields continue extract agreed leave minimum inches recover extraction ceased areas worked managed conservation time english nature took control parts areas managed designated extended acres following year extraction ended extraction rights owned bought government million small scale operation active continued campaign recognition ecological value government agreed buy extraction rights trading miracle company agreement signed april cutting season began cutting occurred cut continued removed worked english nature return worked areas condition start involvement contract ended march acres designated includes area bought manage behalf successor english nature commented unlike areas recording industrial heritage systematic recording industrial notably scarce guide industrial history published mention canals dug dutch operated 1920s mentioned canal historians investigated systematically railways received little attention specialist press locomotives preserved history workers partially recorded contrast ecology better documented publication published taken responsibility papers run volumes forum published technical papers aspects industry mid eighteenth century small established industry recorded labourers dug summer dressed wives children exported boat product transported leeds lincoln york boats double ended feet long traveled canals dug chief called boating boats operating competition coal efficient fuel resulted decline boats operating 1820s internal canals ceased 1830s transported cart followed period improvement agriculture considered way proceed entrepreneur named bought acres near set old river bed near cost proved excessive installed stationary steam engine narrow gauge railway tracks small wagons pushed hand aid work ran financial difficulties land main emphasis set draining improving railway proposed provide transport products improved land little achieved drains built successful drain pioneered authorised act parliament opened poor quality land reclaimed years scheme north ran westwards drain completed failed achieve died ideas use commercially began replace concept attempting suitable agriculture change brought agricultural depression high price straw animal straw huge numbers working horses time promoted replacement straw packing fruit replacement manufacture tar owners leased lands companies workers dig drains cut stack allow dry ready sale product competition imports netherlands set moss litter company holding company buy companies operating netherlands united_kingdom works kept dutch english number dutch workers relocated dutch workers forming community wives children concern local people lose jobs dutch tools working practices introduced immigrants cut miles canals transport mill iron barges canals feet long double ended turned round total built netherlands remained use burnt barges cut mill rebuilt buildings amalgamation formed amalgamation moss litter company companies working gained control works siding west south east old north mill mill closed stored years new company complete control small independent works company winding original company creating new additional working capital time formally purchased leased old company sales rose steadily tons tons following end world war sales began decline working horses replaced motor bought companies sold fine growing mushrooms litter animal floor covering jumping events feed cows fifth purposes including production health gas gas companies mixed iron ore siding late 1940s finding new market litter battery houses cent works siding closed early 1960s fire destroyed damaged fire fire destroyed huge stocks dried despite agricultural supplies company bought operation february began upgrading works hall works need new machinery good access closed time management occurred july making million profit annually turnover million new owners traded january taken american garden products company transport siding works located close main railway line hull served hall works similarly close line served siding gauge ran northwards wharf near line miles long single steam engine built light railway authorised takeover larger companies following discussions try alleviate level crossing new railway siding constructed lifted railway company built mile branch hope gaining traffic continued cart output north bridge line railway built loading dock gain traffic finally agreed build siding works exchange traffic works export produce rail system horse drawn 1890s lines marked ordnance survey maps booth includes picture taken 1890s showing wagons gauge wooden wagons internally includes wagon book consisting farm cart road wheels attached wheeled allow pulled rails horses indication date given rails light pounds yard gradually increased pounds yard 1980s locomotives use rails pounds yard installed flat rails initially iron later replaced steel rails tracks referred locally locomotives use powered vehicles occurred built machine wooden wagon frame parts car trials carried wagons towed mainly transport personnel horsepower engine later based derelict purpose built locomotive based bought probably built wheeled machine fitted petrol engine replaced diesel engine year petrol time suez_canal crisis sufficiently successful horses retired company soon realised cost owning locomotives cost owning horses need fed actually working company ordered new locomotives lincoln based firm described class locomotives manufacturer fitted cylinder engines went howard machine scrapped went locomotive type ordered allowing horses retired hall engine transferred works closed acquisition locomotives took place acquired ordered machines company based gloucestershire consisted little engine driver seat mounted chassis loaded wagons returning works maintenance delivered went second machine operation ordered wooden trucks gradually phased following purchase steel wagons manufactured leeds ltd subsequently fitted fine inner enable carry fragmented new wagons opening door installed allow emptied automatically dried ready collected temporary track sections laid right angles main line portable installed wagons moved temporary track time filled filling gang wagon held ton main line pulled works horses advent small engines new system curved sections track end main line track engines push line wagons temporary track cutting introduction german cutting machines hand cutting ceased loading wagons initially hand gradually collectors introduced yard yard enabled single track serve wider section having track loading start manually difficult find people wanted work load directly wagons success process lead development introduction surface began following year area drained vegetation removed surface thin layer removed mechanical later loaded wagons works time finer previous sided wagons unsuitable transporting programme fitting wooden boards wagons begun solid steel wagons fabricated frames original wagons wagons upgraded completed trains new wagons heavier particularly loaded existing locomotives inadequate invited powerful locomotives machines ordered delivered went consisted master unit rated kilowatts cab slave unit looking like flat bed truck second hydraulic motor powerful engines replaced axle arrangement ensuring axle loading low existing track popular operators late 1990s wearing view purchasing replacements designed locomotive use cost great company rebuilt locomotive slave units work included replacing original cylinder engines cylinder models improving gear driver seating arrangements fitting reliable air conditioning system cab lack funds prevented upgraded worked removing october stored rail operation ceased miles tracks wagons flat wagons additional miles temporary track wagons flat wagons ran miles permanent track miles temporary track miles permanent track double following arrival dutch workers 1890s community continued expand arrival workers netherlands returned country origin 1930s employed people achieved horses second world war ran works workforce dropped horses war men assisted wives helped paid labour numbers dropped 1960s number unpaid wives working increasing sales workforce increased mid-1970s contract workers busy periods total annual output dried time tonnes produced tonnes wet going industry stopped production july fully decommissioned september subsequently transferred processing locomotive details redundant locomotives bought preservation group included machines eighth engine bought hybrid frames machines restoration involved splitting components apart rebuild original locomotives resulting locomotives preserved restored working order loaned hoping relay stretch track near run original locomotives society obtained original locomotives including slave units
Thorne and Hatfield Moors