commonly known golden species fungus family fruit bodies produced fungus characterized sticky colored cap wide mixture yellow tones arranged faint concentric bands stem long yellow brown spots cut injured mushroom white latex intensely taste taste fruit bodies renders fungus found western united_states mexico grows mycorrhizal associations coniferous trees species spruce pine fir deciduous species oak collected india varieties named var known colorado var michigan taxonomy species originally described american mycologist collection near idaho years prior species originally collected conifers nearby specific epithet reflects presumed association species means living researchers subsequently discovered species relationship conifers implies mushroom commonly known golden classified section genus species characterized having milk white like latex soon turns yellow exposure air stain cut surfaces fruit body yellow cap margin covered sharp straight stiff hairs young species include type species description cap wide initially convex depressed funnel shaped maturity cap margin initially rolled inward cap expands cap surface sticky near margin hairs beneath sticky layer color cap surface yellow concentric bands lighter darker shades color paler near margin gills attached stem attached running length stem narrow crowded closely near stem gills initially whitish pale buff small gills extend completely stem stem long thick nearly equal width tapered downward dry hard pitted whitish cream yellowish initially solid hollow age flesh thick hard whitish slowly pale yellow mushroom cut open distinctive odor taste immediately latex sparse white exposure air slowly changing color yellow cut flesh yellow tastes according mycologist oak loving central southern population species taste spore print range slightly color thin deposits white thick deposits yellow mushroom considered intensely taste microscopic characters spores ellipsoid narrow bands form partial surface high range spores hyaline translucent meaning stained melzer reagent basidia spore bearing cells spored measure cap cuticle tissue layer surface mushroom layer gelatinous hyphae hyphae wide varieties monograph north american species smith named varieties var reported mixed conifers colorado similar nominate variety white cream colored cap white latex slightly smaller fruit bodies caps wide stems long spores slightly larger measuring var reported mixed forests michigan similar surface soon dull tan cap center whitish flesh odor described distinct peculiar similar species mushroom hunters mistake edible species choice edible species shaped fruit body strongly gills similar species include associates conifers pale yellow frequently cap distinguished stem usually covered spots smooth cap margin cap extremely flesh gills change color pale light pinkish brown maturity pinkish buff spore print mature fruit bodies var confused fruit bodies feature smooth cap margin taste white latex slowly minutes turns yellow exposure flesh yellow turn clay color bruised ecology habitat distribution species engages association certain plant species association hyphae fungus large volumes soil obtain scarce elements especially limiting plant growth pass plant exchange products plant fungus forms association shown contain latex producing cells similar fruit body fruit bodies fungus grow groups ground conifers usually appearing july october fairly common species western united_states baja california additional collection locations mexico include veracruz population central southern california known associate oak trees rocky_mountains associated tree species lower elevations commonly found white spruce known associate genus mushroom collected state india cited books harris north_america field guide syracuse isbn michigan isbn
Lactarius alnicola