buildings architecture bath buildings architecture bath city somerset south west england reveal significant examples architecture england including significant celtic presence present day city world heritage site largely architectural history way city landscape draws public private buildings spaces examples architecture integrated urban spaces provide picturesque entire city britain achieve status popular tourist destination important buildings include architect bridge based unused design bridge venice city centre founded site 8th century church equal importance residential buildings designed built georgian architects elder son younger known examples built circus built curved segments faces entrances ensuring classical facade facing entering visitor bath buildings local golden coloured dominant architectural style georgian evolved revival style popular early 18th century city fashionable popular spa social centre 18th century based initially hot springs led demand substantial homes guest houses key architects son laid city present day squares green valley surrounding hills according provided integration architecture urban design landscape setting deliberate creation beautiful city development modern eras including development transport infrastructure rebuilding bomb damage world war keeping earlier styles maintain integrated celtic roman saxon buildings bath period longer exist remains street level archaeological sites central area city supplied details looked lower areas roman reveal significant remains roman period built hot springs ones naturally occurring united_kingdom archaeological evidence suggests main spring natural state treated shrine early roman occupation britain 60s 70s engineers drove oak piles mud provide stable foundation surrounded spring irregular stone chamber lined lead survive early stage spring open pool corner temple fed bathing complex south barrel vaulted building complex gradually built years stonework level recent periods including 12th century built bath king spring reservoir 16th century city corporation built new bath queen bath south spring spring housed 18th century buildings designed architects elder younger visitor access concert hall eastward continuation grand pump room glass centre single storey corner temple classical style large columns dedicated constructed stood podium surrounding courtyard columns supported decorated parts seen museum 2nd century expanded addition encouraged historians argue temples temple remained use worship 4th century site occupied grand pump room city given defensive walls probably 3rd century disappeared subsequent line formed basis medieval walls acres survived 18th century called town meaning source present king set monastic house bath probably walled area anglo saxon poem known ruin describe appearance roman site time king gained control monastery rebuilt church dedicated 9th century old roman street pattern lost bath royal possession king alfred laid town leaving south eastern quadrant abbey norman medieval tudor stuart founded site 8th century church original anglo saxon church pulled grand cathedral dedicated begun site john tours bishop bath wells complete died december half finished cathedral devastated fire work continued completed building approximately feet long 15th century bath abbey church badly dilapidated need repairs bishop bath wells decided rebuild smaller scale late perpendicular style flying buttresses pierced new church completed years dissolved henry_viii major restoration work carried sir 1860s funded rector choir fan vault robert 1860s completing original roof nave given matching vault 19th century building lit windows medieval era represented remains city walls surviving buildings period areas city underwent development stuart period response increasing number visitors spa resort town required accommodation thomas built prior bath abbey took place older norman church church commonly called principal church parishes survey shows small settlement church trace remains larger church built parish april announced church bells centuries tower removed installed new originally built rebuilt local moved bath set practice interested properties waters wrote discourse hot waters nature water brought health giving properties hot mineral waters attention country soon aristocracy started arrive early 18th century central area abbey expanded including contained marshal wade house trim street named owned land number known house storey building built doorway decorated war architect commissioned rebuild founded oldest england storey bath stone building heavy ground floor arcade round headed arches pillars retains original window building work continued year old elder commission bath georgian dominant style architecture central bath georgian evolved revival style popular early 18th century original purpose bath architecture concealed honey coloured classical era advent luxury hotel apparently elegant residences frequently purpose built lodging houses visitors hire room floor according means entire house duration visit waited house communal servants architects elder son younger laid new quarters streets squares identical gave impression scale classical gold bath stone construction city obtained limestone mines owned allen order advertise quality limestone commissioned elder build country house estate city mines replacing town house speculative development elder lived houses described finest compositions england west numbers designed younger differs wood original design central block style bath royal literary occupies south numbers originally left open occupied hotel centre square erected circus seen pinnacle wood work consists long curved designed elder form circular space theatre intended civic functions games games clue design inspiration rome like different order architecture floor ground level piano finishing upper floor style building progressively ornate rises links circus designed elder completed son younger houses storeys roofs having columns known lived number ground 1st floors number corner gay street queen square home younger main shopping streets street built buildings originally grand town houses roofs columns bank number built wilson includes baroque detail seen buildings numbers known designated grade listed buildings chapel place worship built furniture shop restaurant street leads hill founded area designed building matching doors windows central flat 1st floor windows numbers continue theme numbers completed local mason numbers damaged bombing world war restored built church house forms number built early 18th century adjoining cemetery gates base panels inverted best known bath built designed younger wood designed great curved façade appears houses columns ground floor extent input bought certain length façade employed architect build house specifications appears houses system town planning betrayed rear crescent completely uniform symmetrical rear mixture differing roof heights queen anne fronts backs architecture occurs repeatedly bath trench inner vertical faced stone outer face sloped making trench effect sunken fence retaining wall designed view royal victoria park invisible seen close bath architectural identity include built damaged landslide designed constructed variety builders designed architect went bankrupt building started completed 1820s destroyed second world war rebuilt student accommodation 1950s 1960s form campus sold area wider scheme build similar completed wood designed facade bath stone variety builders completed work different interiors rear elevations buildings hotels shops whilst remain private residences built years later original bridge cast iron stone rebuilt completely stone buildings hotels restaurants whilst remain private residences area wood envisaged area sunken gardens matching houses car park southern road roman catholic john church designed built added foot heart georgian city associated designed local builder responsible buildings city including cross bath grand pump room includes north bays columns south similar upper floor added late 19th century wall facade stall street baldwin rose rapidly leader bath architectural history baldwin eventually lived works wide boulevard constructed feet long feet wide leading lined sides georgian architect designed arched bridge spanning prototype original unused design bridge venice means crossing river shopping arcade bridge surviving bridges europe serve dual purpose substantially altered built bridge named owners estate bridge provided link rest bath end great street originally designed built stands sydney pleasure gardens stretch road church mary virgin leads including built 1820s home britain early 18th century saw bath acquire purpose built theatre grand pump room attached assembly rooms master ceremonies presided city social life death drew code behaviour public population city reached time census making largest cities britain expanding surrounding hills bought house crescent eventually buying houses crescent form residence having acquired land home north city centre created garden half mile length built west built area large block founded ann women left reduced circumstances provides accommodation houses set sides women aged membership church_of_england redesigned original chapel built victorian early 19th century romantic medieval gothic style appeared backlash symmetry brought certain changes city appearance new churches example built gothic style number new new civic retail buildings continued designed classical mode lines 18th century predecessors virtually new buildings constructed local bath stone city continued cohesive look middle 19th century result new technology construction able develop incorporating steel building component opened linking bath reading bath locks mark divergence canal yards south bridge alongside lock pound pumping station pumps water locks replace time lock opened stage bath deep lock numbered locks combined canal restored new chamber depth feet inches making britain deepest canal lock deep lock area water enabling lock wash house lock followed abbey view lock pumping station quick succession lock canal passes sydney gardens including short tunnels cast iron dating cleveland tunnel feet long runs headquarters trap door tunnel roof pass bridges canal listed buildings built important early example cable stayed bridge size city numbers visitors grew new facilities opened semi circular built elder believed oldest surviving public outdoor swimming pools england corridor world earliest retail arcades designed architect built glass roof high street end end marble columns musicians gallery wrought iron lions heads centre arcade built architect rebuilt built bear flat area south city centre started main estate poets corner late victorian opening great western railway removed canal traffic railway company took running bath spa railway station principal railway station bath built tudor style curving lies north bank line southern bank station railway station opened terminus midland railway life known includes vaulted glass roof single span wrought iron arch structure parts distinctive glass roof damaged bombing raids april railway usage war following report passenger trains ceased goods train ran 1980s rail approaches station redeveloped major supermarket opened december station pedestrian city number small shop units station buildings free public art museum library built bridge designed exterior building includes statue queen_victoria classical figures twentieth century built close bridge 1920s 1930s bath architectural traditions combined art style buildings forum opened seat cinema converted church concert venue opened suburb miles city centre world war evening april early morning april bath suffered air raids raf raids german cities luftwaffe campaign popularly known people killed buildings damaged destroyed houses circus burnt south destroyed postwar review inadequate housing led clearance redevelopment large areas city postwar style georgian style city 1950s nearby villages incorporated bath enable development housing council housing estate 1970s 1980s recognised conservation historic buildings inadequate leading care reuse buildings open spaces city selected recognising international cultural significance 1960s early 1970s way parts bath redeveloped resulting loss 19th century buildings led popular campaign change way city developing drew strength publication sack bath developments included project 21st century controversy continued recent years demolition 1930s neo georgian municipal building originally housing way new bath bus station redevelopment begun central 1960s shopping bus station multi story demolished replaced new area mock georgian shopping streets result changes city status reviewed decision let bath status asked consulted future phases riverside development saying density volume buildings second phases development need says bath attract world class architecture new developments
Buildings and architecture of Bath