march june english land agent local community ireland gave english language boycott served british_army 39th foot brought ireland retiring army boycott worked land agent lord landowner area county campaign fair rent tenure free sale specifically resistance proposed estate local activists encouraged boycott employees including seasonal workers required harvest crops lord estate withdraw labour began campaign isolation boycott local community campaign included shops nearby refusing serve withdrawal services threatened violence ensure compliance campaign boycott cause british press wrote letter times newspapers sent west ireland highlight viewed servant peer realm irish nationalists travelled lord estate harvest crops regiment 19th royal men deployed protect episode estimated cost british government harvest worth crops boycott left ireland december land agent estate suffolk died age june home illness earlier year early life family born reverend wife grew village norfolk england family lived norfolk years origin fled france revoked civil religious liberties french named records family changed spelling boycott educated boarding school london interested military entered hopes serving miners discharged academy failing periodic exam following year family bought commission 39th foot regiment boycott regiment transferred belfast shortly arrival months later sent marching dublin remained year boycott married dublin ill august february sold commission following year decided remain ireland leased farm county acted landlord small scale life island receiving inheritance boycott persuaded friend local magistrate large island coast county agreed acres land belonging boycott moved according book captain boycott irish boycott life island difficult initially boycott words long struggle adverse circumstances prosperous money inheritance profits farming built large house near boycott involved number disputes years arrival unsuccessfully sued assault local man clarke said gone boycott house boycott owed money said asked debt boycott refused pay told away clarke refused clarke alleged boycott approached said clarke later withdrew allegations said boycott actually owe money boycott involved protracted dispute agent leased lands donnell dispute began boycott supported different sets candidates elections boycott candidates won local receiver meant entitled collect salvage area guard sold public auction local receiver right percentage sale sell wrote letter stating boycott men illegally broken wreck moved salvage boycott property response accusation boycott sued libel claimed damages life mask controversy boycott moved owned lord miles county lord earl wealthy landowner lived county owned acres km2 land ireland county county county lord owned properties dublin boycott agreed lord agent acres km2 owned boycott responsibilities collect tenant farmers land earned cent total rent lord year roles farmer agent boycott employed numerous local people labourers house servants wrote boycott set mode thought years strengthened innate belief divine right masters tendency behave saw fit regard people point view feelings time controversy began boycott unpopular tenants magistrate englishman contributed according personal temperament boycott maintained good terms tenants said laid petty restrictions allowing gates left open allowing property fined restrictions withdrawn privileges tenants collecting wood estate august labourers went strike dispute wage increase affair historical background nineteenth century agriculture biggest industry ireland government ireland commissioned survey find owned land ireland survey found land property people population majority small richest owned half country richest lived britain ireland paid agents like manage estates generally divided estates smaller farms rented tenant farmers tenant farmers generally year evicted paid tenants large farmers farmed acres km2 majority smaller average acres km2 small farmers worked labourers larger farms agricultural workers labourers worked land farmers farmers important group politically having votes sector society 1850s tenant farmers formed associations demand fair rent tenure free sale 1870s tried organise tenant farmers county resist mounted demonstration local landlord succeeded getting lower son small tenant farmer county journalist joined arrested given year sentence gun running member parliament member arranged released probation returned county impressed attempts organise farmers thought land question best way support farmers irish independence october forming formed aims reduce stop long term tenant farmers owners land farmed asked leader league elected leader speech september gave speech crowd members asked crowd tenant bids farm neighbour evicted crowd responded kill shoot replied wish point better way christian charitable way lost man opportunity man takes farm evicted meet streets town shop fair green market place place worship leaving putting moral rest country old crime committed speech set powerful weapon social community action active area local leaders father involved strike august following month lord tenants pay agreed cent reduction owing poor harvest tenants demanded cent reduction boycott said written lord refused tenants demands issued demands outstanding obtained notices tenants days speech process seventeen members began attempt serve boycott notices legally delivered head household certain time period process successfully delivered notices tenants fourth refused accept notice began waving red flag alert tenants notices served women area descended process began throwing stones mud succeeding driving away seek refuge process tried unsuccessfully serve notices following day news soon spread nearby people descended according journalist advised boycott servants labourers leave employment immediately boycott said servants forced leave threat consequences subsequently sued boycott non payment wages claimed left afraid people came field working eventually boycott employees left forcing run estate help days persuaded volunteered stop serving boycott boycott young nephew volunteered act intercepted route told danger continued soon stopped serving boycott bring food provisions boat newspaper coverage october boycott situation little known outside county october year boycott wrote letter times situation state ireland sir following detail interesting readers power 22nd september process escorted police force seventeen men retreated house protection followed mob people members family ensuing day september 23rd people collected crowds farm came house ordered threats consequences farm labourers commanding work herd frightened giving employment refused house held herd farm compelled resign situation received letter threatening murder work ordered washing little boy years age carried post bag neighbouring town struck threatened 27th september ordered work time sent little nephew letters 2nd october stopped road threatened continued act messenger warned stop supplies house received message post mistress telegraph messenger stopped threatened road bringing message think safe send come future fear messenger injured farm public property people crops carried away quantities destroyed wholesale locks gates smashed gates thrown open walls thrown stock driven roads ruin openly object throw leave country danger life apparent anybody knows country october publication letter special correspondent daily_news traveled ireland cover boycott situation october wrote dispatch contained interview boycott reported boycott worth crops help found harvest according personally protected woman dream washing making people sorry dare boycott advised leave told hardly desert lord property sunk place report reprinted october published letter proposing fund finance party men county save boycott crops daily_telegraph daily_news raised fund relief expedition saving crops belfast early november established arrange armed expedition plans soon gained momentum days fund received committee arranged midland great western railway special trains transport expedition county nationalists viewed expedition invasion freeman journal denounced organisers expedition asked government consider necessary prosecute promoters expeditions chief secretary ireland clear communication proprietor allow armed expedition hundreds men committee planning unarmed men sufficient harvest crops said government consider duty protect group november relief expedition consisting contingent left county additional troops arrived county protect expedition boycott said want large number saved grain harvest labourers needed save root crops feared large number lead violence local leaders said trouble aim simply harvest crops extreme sections local population threaten violence expedition troops expedition experienced hostile protests route county violence harvested crops incident rumours spread attack planned farm aftermath november boycott family local magistrate escorted members 19th carriage hired family driver found army ambulance driver ambulance escorted railway station boycott family boarded train dublin boycott received hostility hotel stayed received letters saying boycott remained intended stay dublin week boycott advised cut stay short left dublin england mail boat december cost government harvesting boycott crops estimated words dug boycott land letter requesting compensation prime minister united_kingdom boycott said lost investment estate strengthened power peasants end reports ireland events increased power popularity leader december leaders trial charges conspiracy prevent payment rent trial attracted thousands people streets outside court reporter wrote court reminded stalls theatre opera night january judge dismissed jury having hung favour received news victory discussed issue land reform writing letter subject land weighs greatly mind working best ability december headed recommended major land reforms including argued act punish participated events like include suspension introduced land act eventually accepted argument attempted introduce attempted passage tactics lasted hours eventually speaker house intervened measure introduced speaker control house majority favour business urgent time check placed debate british parliament act passed february negative reaction passing act england ireland england established precursor labour_party april introduced land law ireland act principle dual ownership land tenants established introduced act set judicial body fix period years guarantee tenure according act probably important measure introduced house_of_commons passing reform bill word boycott according boycott coined father discussion september following account said bothered word asked father john said people land social ought entirely different word applied landlord land agent like boycott won know meaning word think said father john wouldn looked tapped big forehead said boycott according word print inter ocean october word use print came boycott situation widely known outside county november article referred word local term connection merchant described boycott active signifying send taboo word included volume later known oxford english dictionary according book boycott america imagination ideology shape legal mind apparently word english language describe dispute word entered languages english dutch french german polish russian later life leaving ireland boycott family visited united_states arrival new_york generated great deal media interest said arrival captain boycott added new word language event like international interest new_york_times said private reasons visitor voyage registered simply purpose visit friends virginia including friend time settled united_states boycott returned england months boycott land agent estate suffolk england passion horses racing secretary race committee boycott continued spend holidays ireland according left ireland bitterness early boycott health poor attempt improve health wife went cruise malta seriously ill return england health continued deteriorate june died home aged funeral took place church conducted nephew boycott widow annie subsequently sued funeral expenses debts sell assets number london newspapers including times published popular culture events led entering english language subject works fiction captain boycott romantic novel basis film captain boycott directed starred recently story subject novel boycott
Charles Boycott