global climate coalition international group businesses opposed action reduce greenhouse gas emissions challenged science global warming largest industry group active climate policy prominent industry advocate international climate negotiations involved opposition protocol played role blocking ratification united_states coalition promoted views climate dissolved membership declined face improved understanding role greenhouse gases climate change public criticism founding global climate coalition formed project auspices formed represent interests major producers users fossil oppose regulation global warming challenge science global warming context founding included establishment nasa congressional testimony climate change occurring government affairs offices corporations recognized organized montreal protocol international treaty phased clean air act united_states recognized fossil targeted regulation according mission statement home page website established coordinate business participation international policy debate issue global climate change global warming executive director press release said organized leading voice industry global climate change issue reorganized independently chairman board directors director government relations founding member founding member board directors later leadership role coalition leading member coalition executive vice president chairman coalition board directors founding members included executive director previously director government relations run public relations firm largest industry group active climate policy companies industry associations members considering member corporations member trade associations business represented member trade associations represented businesses industry sectors represented included aluminium paper transportation power generation petroleum chemical small businesses major oil companies members members industries adversely effected limitations fossil fuel consumption funded membership advocacy activities powerful groups action global warming prominent industry advocate international climate negotiations led campaign opposed policies reduce greenhouse gas emissions powerful non governmental organizations representing business interests climate policy according professor advocacy activities included lobbying government officials lobbying press releases advertising participation international climate conferences criticism processes international climate organizations critiques climate models personal attacks scientists policy positions advocated coalition included denial climate change emphasizing uncertainty advocating additional research highlighting benefits risks climate change stressing priority economic development defending national sovereignty opposition regulation greenhouse gas emissions sent major international climate conventions nations non profits send official delegates conferences registered non governmental organization executives members attended official conferences delegates president addressed urging caution responding global warming offering new proposals said bush speech strong concurred priorities economic development additional research sent attendees earth summit rio_de_janeiro lobbied targets december executive director wrote letter new_york_times considerable debate man greenhouse gases produced primarily burning fossil triggering dangerous global warming trend distributed half hour video entitled planet earth hundreds journalists white_house middle eastern oil producing countries suggested increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide boost crop yields solve world hunger president bill_clinton pledged reducing emissions greenhouse gases levels year executive director said economic health nation lobbying key defeat united states senate clinton tax proposal united_states secretary energy said needed strengthened voluntary carbon dioxide reductions said disturbed president voluntary climate action plan getting way inadequate stringent measures needed domestically fund original scientific research climate claims relied largely successor edited funded promoted views climate michaels published report entitled global warming extreme weather fact fiction written members questioned climate change denial shifted message highlighting economic costs proposed greenhouse gas regulations limited effectiveness proposals developing nations conference berlin agreed negotiate greenhouse gas limits executive director said agreement gave developing countries like china india mexico free ride change relations sovereign countries united_nations significant implications way economy washington press conference eve second united nations climate change conference geneva executive director said time decision conference geneva issued statement said early determine causes global warming representatives lobbied scientists september conference mexico_city actor chairman earth day interviewed clinton sent mail said car grand current car chevrolet predicting future climate change assembled advisory committee scientific technical experts internal page report climate science entitled predicting future climate change said scientific basis potential impact human emissions greenhouse gases climate established denied early operating committee asked advisory committee sections arguments accepted report distributed members draft document disclosed lawsuit filed auto industry california efforts regulate automotive greenhouse gas emissions according new_york_times demonstrated coalition worked sway opinion scientific technical experts advising science backing role greenhouse gases global warming refuted according remarkable showing fossil fuel companies deception climate science continued present day decades ago companies scientific experts internally realities implications climate change second assessment report industry participant review process prior publication second assessment report distributed report entitled scientific reporters scientists coalition report said lead author chapter assessment entitled detection climate change causes altered text acceptance approval authors strike content uncertainty science repeated charges letter wall_street_journal published june coalition ran newspaper advertisements said management promptly printed versions credibility lost authors said edits comments peer review agreed processes main industry group united_states opposed protocol committed signatories reduce greenhouse gas emissions coalition leading industry group working opposition protocol according led opposition protocol according los_angeles_times prior spent million annually lobbying limits emissions annual revenue peaked million spent million advertising opposition treaty coalition funded hired advertising firm produced harry advertising campaign opposed clinton health care initiative advertisements said climate treaty isn global won work americans pay price cents gasoline opposed signing protocol clinton influential withdrawal protocol administration president according briefing notes prepared secretary state bush rejection protocol based input lobbying key july unanimous passage united states senate reflected coalition position restrictions greenhouse gas emissions include developing countries chairman told congressional committee mandatory greenhouse gas emissions limits rush judgement coalition sent delegates conference parties december day delegates reached agreement legally binding limits greenhouse gas emissions chairman said agreement defeated senate executive director compared protocol membership decline dissolution challenge science prompted backlash environmental groups described club called members withdraw support abandonment global climate coalition leading companies partly response mounting evidence world getting warmer according delegates introduced unsuccessful proposal hurricanes members weakened coalition resigned later announced support protocol commitment greenhouse gas reductions withdrew criticism european environmental groups company withdraw new_york_times described departure latest sign divisions heavy industry respond global warming left coalition left corporate members targets national student run university campaign december early march withdrew coalition members joined represented diverse including business interests commitment peer reviewed scientific research accepted need emissions restrictions address climate change association trade associations membership limited trade associations individual corporations represented trade association brown called effort conceal real issue loss key corporate members president withdrew process disbanded absent participation effectiveness process limited said website mission successfully achieved writing point congress administration agree accept mandatory cuts emissions required protocol reception compared role public policy debate climate change roles public policy debate tobacco safety tobacco industry group promoted misleading science said promoting doubt science 1990s nations took action fossil fuel industry managed american journalists treat accelerating warming said said story according los_angeles_times members integrated projections climate models operational planning publicly criticising models members membership notes
Global Climate Coalition