cathedral swedish cathedral located centre southeastern sweden controlled seat archbishop sweden archbishop current bishop cathedral dates late 13th century height metres tallest church countries originally built swedish monarchs lengthy period following converted house tombs swedish monarchs including buried church designed french gothic style french architects including form cross formed nave structure built western end completed middle 15th century twin towers built shortly west end church high added later fire adorned low completely redesigned undertook substantial changes building 1880s cathedral principal construction material brick pillars details limestone built according original 13th century plan erected late addition artwork funeral church older seen features destroyed major fire renovation work carried 1970s medieval reformation uncovered restored history end pagan temple kilometres north today replaced christian church exact date construction known ordained uncertain assumed office expelled germany early catalogue bishops mentions bishop replacement finland fourth bishop sweden control archbishop monk cathedral damaged fire chapter sought permission holy building larger site pope granted request condition maintained meeting september cathedral chapter decided site formal authorization issued pope appointed oversee case work began building new cathedral near south constructed site earlier stone church dedicated located exactly cathedral chancel stands sweden patron saint attended mass murdered kept surrounding town soon changed accordingly relics treasure moved new site formal church designed french architects author detailed initial plans supervised work recorded note drawn paris covers expenses incurred master builder assistants travelling sweden work construction cathedral credited work east south chancel probably south portal work appears followed plans predecessor progress slow result cold climate plague financial difficulties end 14th century work initial plans completed thanks particular contribution master builder began construction nave consecrated cathedral complete dedicated highly sweden time patron saint sweden roman_catholic_church patron saint norway completed following decades documentary records references period cathedral including dedicated virgin mary saints main component cathedral towers built cathedral damaged fire occasions especially great fire destroyed city restoration work completed middle century church regular place worship reformation reserved official services catholic_church hierarchy cathedral parish churches called church lady built east central business district remains date torn reformation cathedral coronation church sweden kings queens site celebrating middle ages end 17th century stockholm official coronation church architect undertook comprehensive restoration work seeking cathedral french high gothic appearance criticized building original style added pointed french towers bringing cathedral height making high long attempt cathedral appearance significantly altered large portions medieval outer brick walls removed decorative white washed blind windows similar nearby renovation work early 1970s led improvements building structure included restoration walls windows large portions cement additions exterior structure cathedral removed decades later adversely affected building fabric pope took service archbishop fire protection equipment installed electrical heating systems replaced architecture cathedral tallest church building scandinavia height length breadth height inside metres church designed french high gothic style french master builders including built high gravel ridge southwest latin cross ground plan consists central nave flanked lateral single aisle bay chancel surrounded seven bay nave bordered starting eastern end church surrounding chancel structure built western end nave completed middle 15th century towers took decades complete principal material red brick cathedral built stone foundation chancel pillars details limestone nave pillars originally brick replaced limestone restoration work carried twin towers west end church mentioned additions interior exterior church fire leadership known work castles turret seen older drawings added west towers designed designed new burial chapel east south significant alteration plan cathedral middle ages outside design respected traditions medieval architecture tall gothic windows interior decorated usual style 17th century towers redesigned style fire temporarily replaced low wooden tops time buttresses removed giving cathedral plain look conveyed pictures period copper faced installed designed time carried significant work west façade today towers work completely rebuilt 1880s substantially increasing height fire original flying buttresses removed higher roof built cathedral designed french architects exhibits number differences northern france essentially constructed brick stone brick easily produced locally stone imported distant bricks mortar strong stone walls thicker pillars needed support vaulted ceiling chancel limestone nave brick north portal built limestone doubt needed support rose window structured limestone chancel clearly french design nave built somewhat later displays german swedish characteristics constructed rose window northeast portal entirely french directed work nave appears slightly modified original plans adding including features german origin interesting note cross installed star shaped common time work western end building began construction west portal influenced style towers exhibited features typical 13th century french architecture indicating original plans use time overall despite minor differences reflects style 13th century northern france interior coronation vault stands point crosses nave sweden monarchs crowned middle ages restoration 1880s interior ceiling walls cathedral decorated neo gothic style depictions reformation added figures cathedral medieval heritage renovation work carried 1970s medieval reformation uncovered restored high altar cathedral services important feast days church calendar swedish bishops ordained silver large silver crystal installed cathedral largest chapel chapel eastern end chancel originally known chapel virgin mary later burial monument family completed decorated national arms sweden oldest known swedish finnish coats arms chapel chapel north west corner chancel houses relics patron saint sweden killed site later built shrine moved cathedral soon work began new building king melted shrine replaced new gold contains relics crown originates estate judge wife born chapel daughter housed small gold shrine donated chapel memorial tomb members family murdered king depicts story mary parents anne end 16th century church converted burial chapel queen wife chapel takes monument crowned marble vault designed windows windows maintain original shape size original stained glass decorations lost fire simply replaced normal glass current stained glass designs added renovation end 19th century firm large windows depict trinity god father west door god son south door largest church god holy spirit north door crafted limestone rose window north portal oldest unchanged 13th century treasury artefacts located north tower cathedral displays number gold silver articles religious services collection including golden gown burial wives seen artefacts cathedral include record important events cathedral history ornate pulpit largest sweden designed carved gift fire decorations include john baptist preaching desert athens labourers new bells installed devastating fire called taken poland war booty swedish forces great northern war seven large paintings executed period years depict important events life famous till speech people outside nave initially continental interior decorated designs emphasizing arch ribs portal components brick painted red white stripes 15th century figures late gothic style decorative vine leaves painted parts church traces found chancel chapel originally dedicated unfortunately heavily restored chancel probably painted workshop interred number swedish monarchs notable people buried inside cathedral 16th century king sweden nearly decade death expressed wish buried cathedral buried wives depicted designed king wives interred chapel virgin mary remaining indication original intention chapel painted yellow stars blue background vaulted ceiling symbols catholic tradition died second son second wife buried virgin mary chapel wife poland burial chapel north chancel princess elizabeth died youngest daughter buried adjacent chapel sons killed murders chapel clothes wearing time death displayed 18th century world famous botanist professor memorial designed swedish system 18th century scientist mystic originally interred remains transported england archbishop nobel peace prize recipient tomb foot steps high altar 12th century king national saint relics chapel sweden lutheran archbishop buried foot altar steps relics saint placed shrine chapel inspired clothing saint order memorial cathedral small memorial secretary general united_nations posthumously awarded nobel peace prize stone bears inscription english translation god open visitors cathedral located centre open visitors days north tower open sundays
Uppsala Cathedral