known second bridge toll bridge india linking cities previously known calcutta total length metres longest cable stayed bridge india second bridge built bridge known kilometres north completed named reformer cost billion build project joint effort public private sectors control initially toll collection regime daily traffic recorded minimum vehicles maximum vehicles fell maximum vehicles december management toll plaza handed private firm subsequently daily traffic reached minimum vehicles maximum vehicles early maximum capacity vehicles day original management toll revenue collection consequently criticized corruption significant loss revenue history population commercial activity grew rapidly india gained independence august link bridge subject traffic congestion vehicles day necessitated planning new bridge river connect major cities mumbai bombay delhi national highways located close bridge foundation stone bridge laid bridge took years complete cost indian billion seven years construction activity bridge named 19th century reformer work cable stayed bridge started construction curb calcutta bank end july bridges connecting district built road cum rail bridge commissioned old needed repairs bridge commissioned renamed honour noble named known second metres downstream old commissioned june construction bridge designed checked construction carried consortium burn construction company limited responsible commissioning operations bridge construction began july bridge commissioned october architectural features cable stayed bridge cables fan arrangement built steel metres high total length metres longest cable stayed bridge india deck composite steel reinforced concrete total width bridge metres lanes direction metres deck main span metres long spans supported parallel wire cables metres long toll bridge capacity handle vehicles day design bridge differs slightly bridges live load composite construction difference dead load design concept adopted bridge spans support provided intermediate deck designed grid structure set end set middle spaced average metres centre centre deck crane construction main span bridge specially designed crane capacity erect bridge structural steel bridge weighs tonnes metres height designed free standing provided cross portal members head deck connected end piers bolts embedded chambers piers steel boxes construction raised spans bridge set calcutta calcutta bridge installed cranes end single crane anchorage base piers effected rods duly anchored piers cables erected heads help frames frames mounted blocks blocks facilitate lifting cables inside stressed pressure performed fill wire high density tubes tower crane fixed inside lifted cables position bridge subject prototype wind tunnel tests vertical horizontal directions segments end piers horizontal middle piers achieve stability lateral movement expansion joints provided allow millimetres horizontal expansion free ends fixed end slab seal type expansion joints millimetres horizontal expansion joints essential components provided bridge structure lightning crash barriers gas service support structures telephone electric lines lifts maintenance post construction scenario years accidents occurred bridge resulting traffic congestion closure bridge hours relieve heavy traffic congestion entry bridge plan build way exit entry ramps planned semi circular layout form wings facilitate easy flow traffic toll plaza roads leading railway station plans improve lighting bridge installing led lamps search lights covering bridge spans cables deck electronic toll collection system scheduled introduced help improve flow traffic bridge traffic projections bridge planning stage achieved traffic survey carried week june recorded traffic vehicles bridge comparison projected survey conducted period june indicated figure vehicles reported concerned traffic transportation engineer rate increase traffic percent year basis traffic surveys carried time commissioning bridge reason fall traffic attributed peak monsoon effect survey period
Vidyasagar Setu