southampton southampton stone memorial southampton england originally dedicated casualties world war memorial designed features atop gently curved pillar monument intended abstract graceful encouraging perception soldier having fallen peaceful beautiful death decisions names engraved southampton proved controversial 20th century design heavily influential determining form famous long term weather damage memorial led glass wall built alongside incorporating names southampton citizens died subsequent conflicts history world war caused casualties massive scale shortly signing armistice november public meeting held city southampton voted construct memorial fallen great war committee headed lord mayor southampton elected discussions began form memorial committee decided preferred option construct single high quality memorial good location southampton began consider architects locations proposed budget architect sub committees knew recommended architect time involved design war war memorial designed south_africa elements committee met january discuss options memorial argued committee initial proposed location favour committee agreed initial design consisted large ceremonial pillar substantial supporting soldier lying rejected likely cost instead suggested single supported pillar pine mounted standing agreed public meeting september detailed work project began london firm selected contractor memorial project completed time total cost opened general public ceremony november included playing post minute silence pleased project hoped build second war memorial southampton architect project came fruition influential later designs war memorials england abroad built simpler versions design widely commemorate world war including famously london issues arose erection memorial concerning names inscribed committee identified names southampton men number women died war inscribed unveiling monument relatives approached committee requesting additional names added newspaper campaign southern daily echo newspaper agreed additional names inscribed added bringing total controversy surrounded exclusion jewish war dead memorial jews southampton donated committee understanding memorial commemorate christian casualties jewish ones adult male jews southampton died conflict twice proportion southampton following final decision design featured prominent christian cross jewish names predominantly excluded memorial jewish finally inscribed start 21st century evident soft stone deteriorating badly result water damage frost names monument discounted solution long term damage repeated work cause structure decision expand war memorial instead glass wall consisting large panels size built alongside cost panels engraved names world war casualties addition southampton died later conflicts memorial wall included total names world war second world war subsequent conflicts addition opened december design symbolism final design southampton reused elements previous work central pillar supporting rests variant war stone intended war shrine designed taken forward pillar fact slightly curved imitation pillars athens similar effect later repeated drawn design military cemetery design additional pine unlike later work southampton memorial relatively heavily carved including large cross southampton city crest arms different lions sword dedication glorious dead thin sheets white portland stone outside monument hide inner brick core design predominantly draws cleaner streamlined version classical symbolism earlier monuments earlier monuments second boer war typically included figures soldiers falling conflict passing away beautiful death classical symbolism distance event death observer work worcester work southampton reacted criticism approach adopting cleaner architectural forms retaining ideal peaceful beautiful death southampton makes use abstract beautiful design intended remove viewer real world focus sense self sacrifice death
The Cenotaph, Southampton