wood wood north american bird closely related american robin widely distributed north_america central_america southern mexico wood official bird district_of_columbia wood medium sized brown upper parts brown white male female similar appearance song male cited beautiful north_america wood feeds soil invertebrates larvae eat fruits summer feeds insects continuously order meet daily needs solitary forms mixed species flocks wood defends territory ranges size wood breeding season begins spring pairs able raise ranging size chicks taxonomy member genus wood described german naturalist generic direct translation common derived greek words woodland specific comes latin closely related typical american genus merged genus considered close long distance species genus opposed generally resident appears erroneous wood appears fairly closely related large american robin description adult wood long wingspan body mass standard measurements wing chord bill distinctly larger species slightly smaller common american robin longest known lifespan wood wild years months crown upper brown wings tail slightly brown breast belly white large dark brown spots breast sides flanks white eye rings pink legs brownish finer spotting breast juvenile looks similar adults additional spots neck wing male female similar size plumage wood reported beautiful songs north american birds american naturalist wrote man hears young nature spring hears new world free country gates heaven shut female known sing male unique song parts component listener close consists short low pitched notes middle loud phrase written lay like phrase non pairs notes given rapidly simultaneously male able sing notes gives song ethereal flute like quality individual bird repertoire based combinations variations parts songs repeated order phrase greater frequency bird agitated wood use signal nocturnal flight distribution habitat wood breeding range extends ontario nova scotia southern canada northern florida atlantic coast eastern great plains southern mexico panama central_america winter atlantic pacific coasts generally arrives week april fall migration usually begins mid august continues mid september migration takes place night allowing find direction stars orient detecting earth magnetic field wood prefers deciduous mixed forests breeding prefers late forests moderately dense layer found favors areas running water moist ground high cover breeding habitat generally includes trees taller fairly open forest floor moist soil leaf litter substrate moisture important canopy cover access running water wood breed habitat patches small hectares acres runs risk higher predation nest wood breeding range expanded northward displacing locations recent times result forests increasingly exposed nest brown headed loss habitat winter range conservation status wood symbol decline eastern north_america having declined approximately species faces threats north american breeding grounds central american grounds forest north american forests resulted increased nest predation increased significantly reducing reproductive success study large scale analysis linked acid rain decline continued destruction primary forest central_america eliminated preferred wood habitats likely forcing birds choose secondary habitats mortality rates higher spite wood considered concern wood recorded twice europe iceland october isles england october behavior wood primarily solitary occasionally forms mixed species flocks winter breeding territory ranges size nesting gathering nest materials foraging wood defend feeding territory winter territorial interactions usually settled physical contact high intensity encounters nest defense physical interactions feet bill observed defense behaviors response nest predators include wing tail raising crest escalating strikes species observed displaying behavior known occurs bird picks single group ants feathers purpose behavior unknown thought birds able acquire defensive ants possibly medicinal purposes simply birds oil diet soil invertebrates larvae wood diet eat fruits late summer fall late winter occasionally feeds insects small young fed insects fruit breeding migration wood switch insects fruits high levels summer low fruit consumption reserves require bird feed insects continuously order meet needs wood mainly forest floor leaves bills reveal insects observed leaf litter semi bare ground forest canopy fruits predation eggs chicks vulnerable blue american black rat snakes brown headed common southern flying gray white mice domestic cats great sharp hawks adults primarily taken hawks reproduction wood breeding pairs form mid april early usually breeding season find new mate year mate guarding extra pair observed species male wood arrive breeding grounds days earliest females males arrive time females establishing territories ranging size hectares fifth acre acres female typically leads silent circular flights ground male chasing flights generally place succession pairs perch feed flights male begins sing dawn dusk days arriving breeding grounds early breeding season male sings high tallest trees season progresses sings somewhat shorter elaborate songs lower day singing begins intense sunrise male sing day especially dusk song season usually end july typically female chooses nest site builds nest indication male able influence selection nest site nearby singing usually female chooses accept reject nest site suggested male nest usually sited dense patch vegetation tree provides shade usually dead grasses stems leaves lined mud placed fork horizontal branch nest reused usually attempted separate nests built pair succeeds pale blue eggs laid rate day eggs female days average days like chicks hatching naked closed eyes female chicks days hatching parents feed remove nest chicks days hatching parents continue feed independent leave parents territory days old young wood able begin breeding summer females lay eggs mid older females begin laying sooner pairs usually attempt rear second brood later late july young mid august half wood pairs successfully raise
Wood thrush