birth control birth control known fertility control method device prevent pregnancy planning making available use birth control called family planning birth control methods ancient times effective safe methods available 20th century cultures limit discourage access birth control consider morally politically undesirable effective methods birth control means males females devices birth control followed number based methods including oral pills patches rings effective methods include physical barriers birth control fertility awareness methods effective methods withdrawal male highly effective usually methods immediately stopping safe sex practices use male female help prevent sexually transmitted methods birth control protect sexually transmitted diseases emergency birth control prevent pregnancy taken hours unprotected sex argue having sex form birth control sex education increase teenage offered birth control education non compliance teenagers greater risk poor outcomes comprehensive sex education access birth control decreases rate unwanted age group forms birth control generally young people long acting birth control rings successful reducing rates teenage pregnancy delivery child woman exclusively pregnant weeks methods birth control started immediately following birth require delay months women methods preferred combined oral birth control pills women reached recommended birth control continued year period million women want avoid pregnancy developing countries modern birth control method birth control use developing countries decreased number deaths time pregnancy deaths prevented prevent demand birth control met time birth control improve adult women delivery outcomes survival children developing world women earnings assets weight children schooling health improve greater access birth control birth control increases economic growth fewer dependent children women participating workforce use scarce resources methods birth control methods include barrier methods birth control devices methods sex emergency effective days sex effectiveness generally expressed percentage women pregnant given method year lifetime failure rate methods high effectiveness effective methods long acting require ongoing health care visits surgical devices year failure rates pills patches rings method strictly year month failure rates typical use year failure rates considerably high incorrect usage methods higher year failure rates perfect usage recommends long acting birth control line young people methods birth control potential adverse effects risk pregnancy stopping removing methods birth control including oral rate pregnancy subsequent year birth control specific health problems certain forms birth control require investigations women healthy methods birth control require medical exam including birth control pills birth control specifically pelvic exam breast exam blood test starting birth control pills appear affect outcomes required published detailed list medical eligibility criteria type birth control available number different forms including oral pills skin patches ring currently available women men tested types oral birth control pills combined oral pills contain pills called taken pregnancy increase risk cause birth defects types birth control pills prevent mainly effectiveness depends user remembering pills change lining decrease combined associated slightly increased risk arterial blood average increase women years associated pregnancy risk recommended women years age continue smoke effect sexual desire varied increase decrease effect combined oral reduce risk cancer cancer change risk breast cancer reduce bleeding painful lower released ring reduce risk breast associated higher dose products pills devices associated increased risk blood women previous blood veins history arterial blood non birth control method version pills improve symptoms women affect milk production irregular bleeding occur methods users reporting periods minimize effects increase risks blood line perfect use year failure rate typical use failure rate barrier barrier devices attempt prevent pregnancy physically preventing sperm entering include male female caps globally common method birth control male man erect physically block sperm entering body sexual partner modern latex materials lamb female available latex male advantage inexpensive easy use adverse effects making available teenagers appear affect age onset sexual activity frequency japan couples birth control use germany number united_states male typical use year failure rates respectively perfect use effective year failure rate versus year rate additional benefit helping prevent spread sexually transmitted hiv aids combine barrier like inserted intercourse placed effective typical failure rates year depend woman previously given birth inserted hours intercourse left place hours afterward reactions severe adverse effects toxic shock syndrome reported devices current devices small devices containing copper inserted form long acting effective types birth control failure rates copper failure rates year use types birth control birth control result greatest satisfaction users widely form million users worldwide evidence supports effectiveness safety previously children affect inserted immediately delivery immediately abortion removed long term use fertility returns normal immediately copper increase bleeding result painful reduce bleeding stop altogether treated potential complications include expulsion rarely previous model device shield associated increased risk pelvic disease risk affected current models sexually transmitted time surgical available form women men significant long term effects decreases risk cancer short term complications times likely swelling pain usually resolves week complications occur percent procedures complications usually method offers protection sexually transmitted decision cause regret men women women aged undergone regret decision compared women aged contrast men likely regret men likely regret younger young children unstable marriage survey biological parents stated children able considered permanent procedure possible attempt reversal tubes reversal women desire reversal associated change pregnancy success rates reversal percent complications including increased risk pregnancy number males request reversal percent rates success child reversal percent success lower longer time period original procedure reversal sperm extraction followed option men methods involve regulating timing method intercourse prevent introduction sperm female reproductive tract altogether egg present perfectly year failure rate poorly year failure rates approach fertility awareness fertility awareness methods involve determining fertile days cycle avoiding unprotected intercourse techniques determining fertility include monitoring basal body temperature day cycle typical year failure rates perfect use year failure rates depend method range evidence estimates based poor majority people trials stop use early globally couples based basal body temperature primary sign method referred overall year failure rates reported clinical studies method withdrawal withdrawal method known practice ending intercourse pulling main risk withdrawal method man perform maneuver correctly timely manner year failure rates vary perfect usage typical usage considered birth control medical professionals little evidence sperm content pre fluid tentative research find sperm trial found sperm present volunteers withdrawal method birth control couples groups advocate total sexual mean avoidance sexual activity context birth control term usually means intercourse effective preventing pregnancy intends sexual activity populations significant risk pregnancy sex sex education reduce teenage pregnancy teen pregnancy rates higher students given education compared comprehensive sex education authorities recommend primary method backup method available emergency pills deliberate non sex sex deliberate oral sex sex considered birth control generally avoids pregnancy pregnancy occur sex forms near sex exiting anal intercourse sperm deposited near entrance travel method involves use woman natural occurs delivery extended usually requires presence periods exclusively infant child younger months states infant source nutrition failure rate months following delivery studies method users found failure rates months failure rates increase year years feeding formula pumping instead nursing use feeding increase failure rate exclusively begin having periods months months fertility return weeks delivery emergency emergency methods referred morning pills devices unprotected sexual intercourse hope preventing pregnancy work primarily preventing unlikely affect completely exclude number options exist including high dose birth control pills pills days decrease chance pregnancy single episode unprotected sex failure resulting pregnancy rate days decreases chance pregnancy pregnancy rate little effective effective copper effective method inserted days intercourse prevent episode unprotected sex pregnancy rate makes effective form emergency overweight effective recommended providing emergency pills women advance affect rates sexually transmitted use pregnancy rates sexual risk taking behavior methods minimal effects dual protection dual protection use methods prevent sexually transmitted pregnancy birth control method avoidance sex pregnancy high concern methods time reasonable forms birth control recommended taking anti drug high risk birth defects taken pregnancy effects health use developing countries estimated decreased number maternal deaths deaths prevented prevent deaths demand birth control met benefits achieved reducing number subsequently result unsafe preventing high risk birth control improves child survival developing world time population outcomes worse mother gets pregnant eighteen months previous delivery delaying pregnancy appear alter risk women advised attempt pregnancy situation ready teenage especially younger teens greater risk adverse outcomes including early birth low birth weight death infant united_states comprehensive sex education access birth control effective decreasing pregnancy rates age group finances developing world birth control increases economic growth fewer dependent children women participating workforce women earnings assets body mass index children schooling body mass index improve greater access birth control family planning use modern birth control cost effective health dollar spent united_nations estimates dollars saved cost savings related preventing decreasing spread sexually transmitted illnesses methods beneficial financially use copper resulted greatest savings total medical cost pregnancy delivery care newborn united_states average delivery section countries cost half child born average family spend years raise prevalence globally approximately married able children use birth control frequently different methods varies widely countries common method developed world oral africa oral latin_america asia developing world overall birth control female oral male developed countries developing world number women million avoiding sex fertile women age usage high areas south_america couples male form birth control higher rates developed world usage male forms birth control decreased use women sub africa risen women age want avoid pregnancy million million women able access birth control million sub africa million asia results million nearly maternal deaths year reason women birth control countries limit access religious political reasons contributor poverty restrictive abortion laws sub africa women turn abortion providers pregnancy resulting obtaining unsafe year history early history bce bce earliest documented descriptions birth control use honey leaves placed block sperm believed birth control effectiveness harvested extinction medieval europe effort halt pregnancy deemed immoral catholic_church believed women time number birth control measures lily root women middle ages encouraged tie sex prevent pregnancy oldest discovered date recovered ruins england dated animal gut likely prevent spread sexually transmitted diseases english civil war living 18th century italy described use covering prevent pregnancy widely available 20th century birth control movement birth control movement developed 19th early 20th centuries based ideas established united_kingdom educate public importance family planning advocate getting rid penalties promoting birth control founded trial prosecuted publishing methods birth control united_states popularized phrase birth control mainly active united_states gained international reputation 1930s time law distribution birth control information illegal jumped bail arrest distributing birth control information left united_states united_kingdom return established short lived birth control clinic based section brooklyn new_york shut days resulted arrest publicity surrounding arrest trial appeal sparked birth control activism united_states permanent birth control clinic established britain working clinic run supported visiting doctors offered women birth control advice taught use cap clinic acceptable 1920s presenting scientific terms founded later founded campaign municipal led opening second clinic 1920s feminist pioneers including played major role breaking sex april assembled delegates successful bringing birth control abortion political sphere months later united_kingdom allowed local authorities birth control advice welfare centres court ruled package medically save persons life illegal law following decision revoked statement condemning birth control national survey showed percent adult population supported use birth control running united_states despite advertisement illegal lady publicly supported birth control family planning president started endorsing public funding family planning services began birth control services low income families affordable care act passed law march president barack_obama requires plans cover methods include barrier methods methods devices emergency procedures modern methods developed device gut developed marketed germany late 1920s help developed birth control pills 1950s publicly available 1960s medical abortion alternative surgical abortion availability 1970s 1980s society culture legal positions human rights agreements require governments provide family planning information services include requirement create national plan family planning services remove laws limit access family planning ensure wide variety safe effective birth control methods available including emergency sure appropriately trained healthcare providers facilities affordable price create process review programs implemented governments fail breach binding international treaty obligations america connecticut overturned state law prohibiting information based constitutional right privacy marital relationships extended right privacy single people united_nations launched movement assess progress meeting women needs initiative set goal increasing number users modern birth control million women world countries year additionally aim discrimination girls young women seek recommended oral birth control pills counter religious views religions vary widely views ethics birth control roman_catholic_church officially accepts natural family planning large numbers catholics developed countries accept use modern methods birth control wide range views supporting allowing methods birth control views judaism range orthodox sect relaxed reform sect use natural artificial common buddhist view preventing conception acceptable intervening conception occurred islam allowed threaten health use discouraged world day september world day devoted raising awareness improving education sexual reproductive health vision world pregnancy wanted supported group governments international including international planned federation women deliver number common sex pregnancy sexual intercourse effective form birth control additionally associated number health problems recommended women pregnant time sexual intercourse sexual position possible likely pregnant research directions females improvements existing birth control methods needed half pregnant unintentionally birth control time number alterations existing methods studied including better female improved patch containing ring containing long acting ring appears effective months currently available areas world women rarely sex taking birth control time sex looks promising number methods perform studied involves putting causes procedure inexpensive require surgical skills concerns long term effects substance functions manner looked device called expands placed tubes blocks approved united_states males methods male birth control include withdrawal males sexually active use birth control available number non methods trials research looking possibility surgical method investigation sperm guidance consists injection substance fertility device involves putting plug block combination promising selective methods heat undergone preliminary studies animals involves removing reproductive organs carried method birth control household pets animal shelters require procedures adoption agreements large animals surgery known birth control considered alternative hunting means controlling wild animals found effective number different animal populations
Birth control