april june english educational social reformer daughter minister founded ragged school bringing previously unavailable educational opportunities poor children young offenders bristol published articles books work lobbying instrumental passage educational acts mid nineteenth century woman paper published addressed conferences meetings known foremost public speakers time carpenter active anti slavery movement visited india visiting schools prisons working improve female education establish schools improve prison conditions later years visited europe america carrying campaigns educational reform carpenter publicly supported women suffrage later years campaigned female access higher education buried bristol memorial north early life carpenter born exeter child minister exeter anna hannah penn family moved bristol father took charge meeting house established boarding school great george street run wife daughters mary studied sciences mathematics greek latin taught school spells returned bristol head teacher met founder movement reformed social influenced philosophy short stay miss castle miss roy died september year later year met american founded ministry large poor boston massachusetts said directly inspired start path social reform partly chance remark walking carpenter district bristol small boy ran path remarked child followed home seen established massachusetts model later carpenter later writings based ideas developed correspondence social work anti slavery helped organise working visiting society remained secretary nearly years group inspired work boston purposes societies visit poor raise funds emerging middle classes alleviate poverty improve education father death carpenter worked sisters mother boarding school road interest anti slavery movement aroused visit boston philanthropist samuel attended meeting addressed prominent abolitionist escaped slavery contributed fund raising efforts abolitionist cause maintained interest years brothers william philip russell sister anna active campaign return fugitive slave boston southern states caused fugitive slave law united_states committed act humanity god event caused concentrate educational work bill introduced parliament provision better education children manufacturing districts failed pass opposition seen pre position church_of_england result failure bill ragged schools sprang english towns providing education food clothing poor prompting carpenter start school bristol night school adults soon followed closure private school gave time educational charity work published memoir series articles ragged schools published english newspaper later published book form followed publication children juvenile offenders classes schools needed good free day schools children general population feeding industrial schools children need schools young offenders book drew public attention work began communicate leading educational carpenter consulted drafting educational bills invited evidence house_of_commons committees published condition treatment contributed passing juvenile offenders act ideas practice establishing school bristol premises school originally set originally boys girls soon decided separate sexes set girls initially funded died given legacy outright purchase including cottage training girls domestic service detailed diaries online catalogue present earliest days red lodge transforming deserted house functional school including discovery human foot carpenter diaries reveal use cells located cellar violent noisy girls included having hair cut short famous anti worked red lodge lived turbulent relationship meant left school strong religious beliefs drove reforms love ruling sentiment attempt influence guide children wrote children juvenile offenders principle schools established carpenter agitated free day schools arguing ragged schools entitled financial aid government oxford meeting read paper subject mainly owing conference ragged schools relation government grants education held birmingham year carpenter invited evidence evidence criticised catholic priests warned young children irish immigrants attending ragged school condemned low anglo irish combining english large commercial town natural character undesirable way said children told priests case child coming school strong influence prevent coming absolutely insulted street catholic children feel erroneously showing zeal religion insulting india carpenter visited india ambition meeting visited calcutta madras bombay finding girls educated past age years mainly lack educated female teachers visit carpenter met leader asked form organisation britain improve communication british indian establishing visited schools hospitals encouraged indian british colonial administrators improve fund particularly concerned lack good female education led shortage women teachers nurses prison mary carpenter hall girls school calcutta erected memorial work participated inauguration addressed paper governor general proposals female education schools improving conditions returned india achieved funding set educate female indian teachers final visit able schemes operation presented proposals indian prison reform secretary europe america international prison congress carpenter read paper principles results english read papers conferences years gave public lectures known prominent speakers social reform era women addressed public meetings carpenter work began attract attention europe attention favourable pope condemned books work princess alice interested social reform invited help organise meeting resolved work better preparation domestic life pay greater attention mental development interest practical problems life conclusion meeting carpenter proposed establishment went switzerland study prison system america met visited prisons wrote express concern state prisons later life carpenter supported movement higher education women supported feminist cause life publicly believing movement women suffrage damage educational reforms year death appear public platform bristol supporting bristol west england society women suffrage invited interview queen_victoria windsor castle carpenter married adopt year old girl died sleep june buried funeral half mile long public meeting october raised spent reform schools memorial legacy school active closed carpenter campaigns juvenile reform major influence development regime dealing young offenders writings political activism public addresses major influence education britain europe india america helped bring major reforms 19th 20th century causes youth crime apparently remain early 21st century failures contemporary youth criticised official bodies works morning evening day month boston memoir boston london schools children dangerous classes juvenile offenders london condition treatment london transactions months india london green female life prison robinson london london green days england london prison discipline developed sir william london green memoir london address prison discipline juvenile personal papers papers correspondence held online catalogue records relating found history centre
Mary Carpenter