commonly called fungus genus described given current characterized bearing large fruit body brown cap cap grey patches easily stipe long white colour ring slightly tapered irregular bands base universal veil grey spores white spherical shape non measure mushrooms considered edible field guides typically advise caution selecting consumption risks confusion similar toxic species found woods europe north_america fruits summer autumn taxonomy etymology described english clergyman british mycologist placed genus section consists mushrooms special characteristics absence ring clamp connections bases basidia given swiss mycologist species declared incorrect according rules international code botanical nomenclature synonyms present given dutch mycologist species commonly called common referring tightly called wife meant record services rendered excellent illustrations ways description characterized bearing large fruit body brown cap cap grey patches easily stipe long white colour ring slightly tapered irregular bands base universal veil grey spores white spherical shape non measure cap shape ranging convex flat deep coloured margin low grey brownish black colour center paler margin generally smooth cap surface slightly sticky moist cap surface characterized having loose grey patches remnants scattered patches easily removed margin strongly cap colour vary pale forms known exist example types var var described mycologist occurring france black capped variation gills free closely spaced white colour thick stem long thick lightly stuffed filled tissue hollow slight tapering white colour flat grey hairs pattern bear ring fragile brownish coloured oblique remnants stem base lower stem white grey delicate flesh white change colour cut lacks distinctive odor tastes sweet spores white colour spherical measure large sized spores commonly found mount gill tissue found bases basidia occurring north_america looks similar sack like unlike antilles islands somewhat ellipsoid spores unlike spherical ones largely occurs north_america provisional species published spores highly resemble mainly found singapore larger spores colombia states probably shows relationship mushroom species mistaken mushrooms weak structure gills notable difference strong yellow colour cap immature mushrooms published currently newly accepted chinese species similar yellow brown red brown green brown coloured cap different brown black cap remnants converge base form ring like zone unlike apart cellular sterile strip gills remnants darker colour compared edibility considered edible mushroom food field guides recommend avoid eating study edible mushrooms learn chemical compositions activities species mushrooms showed powerful radical activities ecology habitat europe europe widespread encountered inhabits deciduous forests oak beech birch rarely occur conifers pine fir spruce cedar preference neutral soils north_america north_america found mainly areas east mississippi_river similar mushrooms occur pacific_northwest southwest texas range stretches south mexico mycorrhizal habitats include hardwood forests coniferous forests mushroom grows scattered groups summer autumn primarily eastern distribution reported pacific_northwest southwest texas apparent association trees introduced species apart native area reported asia regions include japan iran speculation north american collections possibly species differing european
Amanita ceciliae