march march argentine lawyer politician statesman served president argentina december july born province began studies law graduate affiliated joining faction party split elected deputy legislature buenos_aires province presidency national deputy presidency opposed sides dirty war times filed writ corpus requesting freedom victims forced denounced crimes military dictatorship countries opposed actions sides war leader death radical candidate presidency elections won president sent bill congress self amnesty law established military established investigate crimes committed military led trial resulted sentencing heads regime discontent military led leading stop law law obedience conflicts unions controlled opposing resolved conflict increased trade brazil proposed creation support group united_states passed divorce law argentina initiated plan improve national economy plan spring plan failed resulting riots led party defeat presidential elections won continued leader opposed presidency initiated pact order negotiate terms amendment argentine constitution led faction opposed pact eventually president resigned december riots faction provided support needed appointed president congress died lung cancer march age given large state funeral early life career born march city south buenos_aires parents father german descent mother daughter welsh immigrant ford following elementary schooling enrolled general san military graduating years second lieutenant pursue military career began studying law instead began studies completed graduating age married met 1940s ball moved returned sons follow political career bought local newspaper joined member faction party opposed incorporation coalition appointed president party committee elected city council detained brief time reaction government bombing plaza ousted national government briefly detained forced leave office city council broke parties radical civic union led led like split opted follow elected deputy legislature buenos_aires province ticket reelected moved capital province tenure president ousted military coup march closed provincial legislature returned prevailed following year leading presidency elected national deputy vice president congress appointed president party committee province buenos_aires deposed new military coup june argentine revolution detained trying hold political rally second time tried open committee forced resign deputy november detained time political rally wrote opinion articles newspapers dirty war began time guerrilla groups rejected right wing military dictatorship civil governments preferring instead left wing dictatorship aligned soviet_union cuban revolution clarified articles rejected military dictatorship asking instead free elections turned created challenge leadership party military dictatorship finally called free elections allowing banned defeated primary elections lost main ones elected deputy invited diplomatic mission soviet_union declined proposed instead return founding members served defense lawyer leader carry process law genuine desire support argentine coup état president started national reorganization process filed corpus motions requesting freedom victims forced visited countries denouncing violations human rights established magazine control magazines criticized military dictatorship early stages magazine published editorials collected book argentina support war criticized argentine attack british counterattack argentine defeat war marked decline military dictatorship main political parties united issuing joint request dictatorship elections proposed appointment head state transition government similar greece took control died previous year presidential campaign appointed candidate general elections candidate vice presidency run primary elections declined candidacy huge popularity publicity managed created slogan spanish gesture shaking hands campaign non approach stark contrast candidate governorship buenos_aires province burned coffin seals live television generated political scandal candidate presidency saw decrease public image result campaign parties similar proposals reduce political influence military maintain argentine claim islands sovereignty dispute denounced pact military unions sought amnesty military maintained armed forced subject civilian government unions regulated proposed investigation actions military dirty war closed campaign reading constitution argentina rally plaza attended people elections held october ticket won vote followed time rise party defeated elections electoral fraud won seats assembly forming majority seats senate minority provinces elected radical governors elected governors local parties took office december gave speech presidency days presidential inauguration attended despite internal defeat party agreed support president prevent return military time left wing terrorism longer menace factions military ambitious authoritarian government groups mothers plaza seeking actions military dirty war days taking office sent bill congress self amnesty law established military possible judiciary investigate crimes committed dirty war campaign promised non ordered initiation judicial cases guerrilla leaders military leaders requested guerrilla leaders living abroad cabinet organised composed trusted colleagues appointed minister labour belonged faction sought reduce influence labour unions promptly sent bill congress designed promote independent unions facing economic crisis appointed minister economy appointed minister health minister foreign relations minister interior affairs minister public works minister education minister defense led chamber deputies provisional president senate presidential negotiations took place official residence president aftermath dirty war priority consolidate democracy incorporate armed forces standard role civilian government prevent military tried reduce political power military budget cuts reductions military personnel changing political tasks crimes committed dirty war willing respect command responsibility accept superior orders defense military lower ranks long leaders sentenced military justice project resisted human rights organisations mothers plaza public opinion expected defendants acquitted receive low sentences military considered dirty war legally sanctioned war considered established composed known personalities document cases forced human rights violations abduction children sent military code bill congress military use report spanish revealed wide scope crimes committed dirty war military supported military actions result sponsored time leaders military coup argentina trial hearings began supreme_court april lasted remainder year december tribunal handed life sentences navy chief year sentences president acquitted charges related repression court war received year sentence trials focus military captured brazil argentina miami links military supported families victims group created counter mothers plaza group placed blame dirty war followers trials followed bomb attacks rumors military protests possible coup sought military raising budget proposed stop law set deadline dirty war related congress approved law despite strong opposition public prosecutors rushed start cases deadline filing charges officers active service major refused appear court started mutiny lieutenant colonel started mutiny supporting rebels called spanish painted faces use military camouflage called general strike support large masses rallied plaza support government negotiated directly rebels secured surrender announced end crisis balcony eventually surrendered government proceeded law obedience regulate trials timing events exploited military opposition parties described outcome surrender escaped prison january started new mutiny distant regiment northeast time military support mutiny public outcry minimal army attacked surrendered brief combat colonel launched new mutiny late defeated jailed military reluctant open fire goal military civil population failed rejected military complaints military focused internal issues small guerrilla army led staged attack army killed members quickly defeated uprising relation unions controlled labor unions powerful ones latin_america biggest sought reduce influence unions fearing force fledgling democracy rejected custom holding single candidate internal elections deemed genuine representatives workforce proposal change laws internal elections remove union leaders appointed dictatorship elect new ones new laws rejected proposal prompted politicians vote law approved failed pass senate vote second bill proposed simply elections supervision government approved result unions remained internal factions time close ties led organisations faction politicians eventually appointed secretary general lack political ties allowed work union factions led faction closer named unions government sought internal divisions unions appointing minister labour promoting legislation benefit faction removed defeat elections government stayed good terms faction kept regulation dictatorship allowed regulate level wages authorized wage increases months inflation rate rejected proposed instead wages determined free negotiations allowed strike actions forbidden dictatorship gave unions way expand influence thirteen general strikes thousands minor labor conflicts unlike similar situations past sided military rebellions support removal non president conflicts caused high inflation unions requested higher wages response unions got support non church left wing factions popular support government allowed endure spite opposition unions social policies end military dictatorship pursued cultural educational policies aimed reducing authoritarian customs institutions groups promoted freedom press intellectuals scientists left country previous decade returned benefited universities returned quality levels 1960s intellectuals involved politics providing cultural perspective political discourse benefited divorce law passed church opposed huge popular support included catholic factions reasoned marital separation existed divorce simply explicit church opposed point church successfully exerted pressure prevent abolition religious education line teachings pope church criticized perceived increase drugs terrorism abortion pornography foreign policy argentina tense relationship united_kingdom recently ended war british government banned foreign ships exclusion zone islands argentina organised air marine patrols military maneuvers military hard liners argentina proposed sovereignty discussions instead negotiating cease hostilities reduction number military forces argentina united_kingdom relations united_kingdom trust proposal cover sovereignty discussions conflict unresolved problem chile despite papal military troubled trial called rejection proposed agreement continuation country claim islands called referendum settle dispute despite opposition military party called support resolution referendum reached bill passed senate single vote majority maintained resistance treaty peace friendship chile argentina signed following year ending conflict human rights violations committed chilean president remained contentious issue revelation chilean help british forces war argentine church invited pope second visit argentina celebrate successful celebrated world youth day gave mass lady argentina allied brazil peru countries recently ended local military conflict united_states created support group support group south_america groups negotiated ultimately failed reluctance nicaragua united_states change positions group changed scope later discuss foreign debt diplomacy united_kingdom relation initially refused foster diplomatic relations brazilian military government dictatorship ended president initial concerns increase argentine brazilian trade presidents met issued joint declaration peaceful use nuclear power second meeting buenos_aires strengthened trade agreements argentina brazil signed countries agreed create common market led treaty created economic policy began term economic problems foreign debt nearly billion dollars end year country narrowly prevented sovereign default year gross domestic product fell manufacturing profits unemployment nearly inflation nearly appeared unlikely country receive needed foreign investment country deficit billion possible solutions currency industry restrictions imports probably proven unpopular minister economy arranged increase wages reaching levels caused inflation reach tried negotiate favourable terms country foreign debt negotiations failed default negotiated requested spending cuts international credits prevented default end resigned march debt reached billion denied credits succeeded designed plan plan prices wages stopped printing money arranged spending cuts established new currency plan success short term inflation inflation rose end year opposed wage freeze business community opposed price freeze thought state assets economy work proposals opposed party support government tried new measures including increase taxes decrease government spending measures enforced government lost elections unions earlier supported government distanced business community unable suggest clear course action aiming victory presidential elections opposed measures believed negative social impact spring plan sought economy stable elections freezing prices wages reducing federal deficit plan worse reception plan parties supported refused extend credits argentina big refused sell dollars depleted reserves february high inflation turned presidential elections took place crisis new president elections actions taken military contributed strong showing november legislative elections gained seat congress meant control seats lost seats leaving smaller provincial parties difference surprised observers april announcing creation panel entrusted plan transfer nation capital small coastal city south buenos_aires proposals called constitutional amendments creating parliamentary system including prime minister received encountered strong opposition senate government suffered big setback legislative election lost majority chamber deputies provinces elected governors exception negro city buenos_aires federal district time districts prevailed result government forward legislative agenda supported minor projects strengthened presidential elections sought propose governor candidate rival party later years amid rampant inflation heavily defeated candidate election winter inflation grown severe transferred power july months earlier scheduled stayed president leaving party defeat legislative elections suffering damage image lost districts president party supported creation special budget province buenos_aires led governor radical legislator supported new budget parties informal alliance province supported amendment constitution buenos_aires allowed run election president sought constitutional amendment allow election opposed victory elections strengthened approved bill senate proposed referendum amendment force radical deputies support proposed bill law allow constitutional amendment simple majority congress result pact agreement support proposal amendments reduce presidential power reduced influence executive power judiciary city buenos_aires autonomous territory allowed elect mayor presidential term office reduced years presidential elections include round system electoral college abolished elected constituent assembly worked amendment argentine constitution faction led opposed pact party supported got vote elections attaining position presidential elections elected resigned presidency party year united political coalition justice education led coalition won legislative elections agree fixed exchange rate thought good measure past detrimental argentine economy supported suffered car crash province campaign governor route ejected car wearing seat belt hospitalized days president elections defeating governor buenos_aires elected senator province october resigned december riots congress appointed resigned instructed radical legislators support new president gave ministers defense justice radical support helped overcome ambitions ambitions appointed president health problems later year led step replaced supported faction favoured idea carrying independent candidate presidential elections instead fielding candidate endorsed center left economist presided dramatic recovery argentine economy parted ways president december unable sway supporters garnered place honoured president bust likeness october public appearance death died home march age diagnosed year lung cancer streets house avenue filled hundreds people started radical vice president acting president moment ordered days national mourning ceremony congress body displayed blue hall attended thousand people widow attend funeral poor health attended presidents members mayor governor president politicians coffin moved placed graves important historical figures international level set day national mourning set days governments brazil chile colombia france mexico peru spain united_states sent messages addition brazil attended ceremony legacy historians praise role aftermath dirty war restoration democracy considers effective president set example state personal gain points delicate time period mistake endangered newly founded democracy led coup aforementioned historians agree view pact considers necessary evil prevent chaos generated managed proceed constitutional amendment negotiating instead believe biggest mistake political career received princess international cooperation role ending dispute work democracy argentina months death named citizen province award granted posthumously received son
Raúl Alfonsín