read meaning 18th dynasty egypt received throne death previous king reign campaigned deep pushing borders egypt farther built temples egypt tomb valley kings king confirmed preceded succeeded son turn succeeded sister reign generally dated bce minority scholars think observations timeline ancient egyptian records reign taken city memphis date reign bce family speculated father mother non royal lesser wife held title great royal wife probably daughter sister called king daughter doubt historians believe sister assuming related thought married order guarantee succession known case reasons firstly bark built associates death secondly born son apparently born long coronation seen fourth year hunting near memphis great army commander father death later death 12th year son daughters died father died infant son wife son succeeded married daughter later recorded considered propaganda supporters claim throne later assumed power dates length reign rising recorded reign predecessor dated assuming observation year death subsequent coronation accordingly derived dated modern scholars observation memphis minority scholars promote crowned records reign lasted years months years certain data supported dated inscriptions years reign bearing found inscribed stone block accordingly usually given reign low chronology minority scholars date military achievements coronation rebelled egyptian rule according tomb autobiography son traveled fought battle personally killing king victory king body hung ship returned campaign led second expedition year course ordered canal built 12th dynasty order facilitate easier travel upstream egypt helped integrate egyptian empire expedition mentioned separate inscriptions king son year month season day majesty lower egypt given life majesty commanded dig canal found stopped stones ship sailed year month season day majesty sailed canal victory power return second year reign king cut records built fortress near permanently extending egyptian military presence previously stopped second indicates fought campaign syria syrian campaign placed beginning second year second campaign north egyptian ruler campaigned found modern times apparently set crossed campaign syrian princes declared allegiance returned discontinued tribute began future incursions celebrated victories elephant hunt area near syria returned egypt strange tales inverted water flows upstream ought flowing downstream major river encountered flowed north downstream south upstream river known egypt simply inverted water face military threat rebellion fourth year influence accordingly expanded farther south inscription dated reign found far south south fourth reign initiated number projects effectively ended independence years enlarged temple iii opposite records specific religious rites performed temples king appointed man called position known king son civilian representative king permanently established dare revolt easily controlled future egyptian kings building projects organized great building projects reign including temples tombs greatest projects temple supervision architect previous probably consisted long road central platform number solar bark road king drastically temple fifth built temple main road wall run inner sanctuary flank gateway outside built fourth enclosure wall hall constructed columns cedar wood type structure common ancient egyptian temples supposedly represents marsh egyptian symbol creation edge room built statues alternating wearing crown crown finally outside fourth erected fallen inscribed iii inscribed years later cedar columns hall replaced stone columns northernmost replaced erected inside hall addition built statues buildings memphis minor expansions buildings king definitely buried valley kings commissioned dig tomb presumably build temple temple found possibly incorporated demolished construction temple tomb identified found yellow bearing body moved tomb contains death burial originally buried double burial daughter built reign grandson based recent examination architecture contents location original owner long known napoleonic expedition prussian scholar partially explored upper passage blocked solidified mass rubble small stones rubbish carried tomb excavation season previous seasons work able clear corridors enter double burial chamber debris broken pottery shattered stone vessels burial chamber lower passages remnants queen formed original equipment contained secondary inscription states monument father vessels bore names titles inscribed son successor fragments stone vessels king vessels bore royal took throne right carter discovered separate burial chamber beautifully carved discovered open sign body lid lying discarded floor housed matching yellow chest second found lying undamaged lid wall nearby eventually presented excavation financial sponsor gesture appreciation generous financial support davis turn present boston second originally engraved king upper lower egypt complete decided commission entirely new donated existing finished father attempted original carvings restoring surface carved titles instead measures feet long feet wide walls inches thick bears dedication text records father destined lie alongside daughter death iii successor decided grandfather magnificent tomb featured yellow dedicated inscribed texts proclaimed love deceased grandfather unfortunately remains disturbed late 20th dynasty plundered lid broken king valuable precious jewellery grave goods stolen ultimately discovered revealed interred 18th 19th dynasty leaders iii 21st dynasty original coffin taken later 21st dynasty thought lost largely strength resemblance iii believed found identification supported subsequent examinations revealing techniques came appropriate period time certainly course eighteenth dynasty described following manner king advanced age time death years old judge teeth worn egyptian bread body small shows evidence unusual muscular strength head bald features refined mouth bears expression characteristic thought viewed cairo announced previously thought thirty year old man died result arrow wound chest young age cause death determined probably king
Thutmose I