battle arabic fought saturday march islamic calendar valley located northwestern occurred force muslim community led islamic prophet muhammad force led ibn town muslims previously emigrated second military encounter muslims preceded small muslim army defeated larger army marching march desired avenge losses strike muhammad followers muslims war soon armies fought slopes plains whilst outnumbered muslims gained early initiative forced lines leaving camp unprotected battle looked step away decisive muslim victory mistake committed muslim army altered outcome battle breach muhammad orders muslim left assigned posts camp allowed surprise attack cavalry led war veteran brought chaos muslim ranks muslims killed muhammad badly injured muslims withdraw slopes pursue muslims marched declaring victory muslims battle significant setback close routing second time breach muhammad orders favor collecting severe consequences armies meet battle trench background muhammad preached religion islam attracted small community followers drew staunch opposition rest tribe ruled belonged muslims fled years persecution established known means city seized properties families muslims dispatched damascus muslims intercepted raided sent small army punish muslims stop raiding battle small muslim force defeated larger army muslims considered unexpected victory proof favored god believed assured victories future number leading killed leadership passed forbade mourning losses eager exact revenge muhammad conduct raid city months later accompanied party men city obtaining temporary residence chief jewish tribe learning current situation party left burning houses laying waste fields skirmishes muslims occur reason battle reason battle muslims battle force sets following year march helm anxious avenge defeat raised force numbering set muslim base attacking populated numerous strongholds required long overcome camped north city hoping muslims come meet according early muslim historian number women said accompanied army provide vocal support including hind wife scout alerted muhammad army presence numbers late thursday march morning muslim conference war convened dispute best repel muhammad senior figures suggested safer fight advantage heavily fortified strongholds argued destroying crops strongholds destroy muslim prestige muhammad eventually conceded wishes muslim force battle encounter group approximately muslim men set late friday managed circle forces early morning took position lower slopes hill shortly battle commenced ibn chief tribe followers withdrew support muhammad returned reports suggesting discontent plan march meet followers later receive act suffered day armies met leave order test believers told come fight way drive foe city said known fight certainly followed day nearer faith saying lips hearts knowledge conceal ones slain sit ease listened slain death speak truth muslim force numbering stationed slopes facing rear protected mount battle muhammad assigned nearby rocky hill west muslim camp strategic decision order shield vulnerable flanks outnumbered muslim army hill protect left flank right flank protected mount situated east muslim camp protecting flanks muslim army meant army able turn muslim camp muslim army wouldn surrounded encircled cavalry keeping mind cavalry outnumbered muslim cavalry ratio muhammad ordered muslim circumstances leave positions hill ordered order clear words saw prevail start come assist saw birds eat heads come assist army positioned facing muslim lines main body led left right flanks commanded ibn respectively ibn named commander cavalry task coordinate attack cavalry wings attacked initial charge led exile thwarted shower stones muslims men forced retire tend camps lines standard bearer ibn advanced challenged enemy duel ali ali ibn young cousin muhammad rushed forth struck single blow brother ran forward pick fallen banner women willing songs loud beating ibn emerged muslim ranks bringing similar fate family responsible army standard bearing brothers sons went retrieve banner fight unsuccessfully eventually perished following general engagement armies commenced confidence quickly began dissolve muslims swept ranks army pushed repeated attempts cavalry overrun left muslim flank muslim enjoying best early encounters muslims pierced lines victory appearing certain detachment muslim muhammad strict orders remain stationary shift outcome battle ran downhill join advance camp leaving flank vulnerable critical cavalry led exploited attacked remaining minority muslim refused muhammad orders positioned hill able target overrun muslim flank rear confusion ensued numerous muslims killed notably thrown surprise attack slave hind ibn strengthened rumors circulated muhammad perished emerged muhammad wounded missiles stone resulted forehead lip recorded ali ibn remained assaults according prophet object attack units army sides ali attacked compliance muhammad orders unit attack dispersed killed thing took place number times fierce hand hand combat muslims managed withdraw higher slopes small faction cut tried way killed chief offensive arm cavalry unable ascend slopes pursuit muslims fighting ceased hind companions said mutilated muslim corpses cutting ears making relics hind reported cut open corpse taking liver attempted eat brief verbal exchanges muhammad companion ibn decided return pressing advantage battle generally believed scholars defeat muslims incurred greater losses writing islam states notion muslims suffered defeat clear scholars disagree noting muslims win failed achieve strategic aim destroying muhammad followers withdrawal indicated weakness battle noted emergence military leadership tactical military genius later famous arab generals islamic expansion era conquering byzantine held syria aftermath muhammad muslims buried dead battlefield returning home evening retired evening place called miles away morning muhammad sent small force harry army way home according muhammad realized force required speed away territory wanting perceived chased away remained nearby days leaving muslim reaction muslims battle held religious dimension military expected victory like considered sign god favor barely held invaders lost great men verse revealed soon battle cited muslims desire cause setback promise permission enemy fell order brought sight booty world desire divert foes order test grace believe according largely result rear guard abandoning position order seek booty partly punishment partly test observes verses provided inspiration hope muslims future battles experience adds muslims battle reinforce solidarity conflict position leader longer undisputed set alliances surrounding nomadic tribes order build strength advance success tribes muhammad disastrous consequences muslims main losses muslim party invited tribe killed approached tribe muslims sent instructors tribe stated wanted convert islam instructors led ambush guides muslim tribe subsequently killed soon muhammad convinced jewish tribe plotting kill expelled day siege relocating oasis syria allied confederate tribes attack years events islamic primary sources event mentioned verse according muslim scholar muslim commentary verse book ibn follows mentions incident mentioned collection mentions mentioned verse revealed event event mention muslim biographical literature event mentioned biography muhammad information available events derived traditions biographical narratives documentation military campaigns early centuries islam general sequence events gained consensus early demonstrated text early biographer muhammad accounts battle derived mainly descendants participants basic narrative chronology according robinson reasonably authentic elaborate details exact scale muslim defeat doubtful difficult warfare strategically conduct battle sufficient proof military awareness arabs campaigns persia syria basic assumption arabs generally raiders learned warfare proved wrong use cavalry deploying mobile wings infantry based centre provided base cavalry operate intended pull celebrated double maneuver deployed forces manner persian byzantine general muhammad hand showed ability general choosing battlefield decided according muslims fight open country aware superior mobility knew encounter open country expose infantry wings mobility factor decided hold high ground rear provided security attack rear approximately flank rested mount flank military language refused wings cavalry approach taken rear protected deployment battle specimen infantry based entity fight cavalry dominated arm comparison battle fought striking modern references battle second main battles featured film life muhammad messenger god battle featured battle battle depicted animated film muhammad prophet directed series cave muhammad rested temporarily battle received recent media attention light proposals islamic scholars destroyed
Battle of Uhud