november january american author consul political activist noted opposition entry united_states world war born north_carolina educated new_york served foreign service consul stationed canada china shortly returning united_states came prominence book ways dark truth china harsh critique chinese culture widely controversial bestseller prominent advocate non 1930s 1940s known vocal opposition roosevelt administration foreign policy pro japanese pro neutrality point view following entry world war arrested acting japanese agent registering foreign agents registration act pleaded guilty admitting accepted payments war propaganda organization funded japanese government denying japanese agent received prison sentence serving involved great trial war moved virginia died january writings continue influential far right circles early life born november north_carolina oldest prominent families graduating massachusetts attended columbia_university new_york_city received degree worked journalist san_francisco years returning new_york taught english columbia_university november passed foreign service test posted montreal canada vice consul december second assignment shanghai officially served vice consul december january month temporary detail kept city long witness shanghai incident stationed resignation service march writing asian affairs experiences china formed basis book release november spotlight nationally internationally billed china mother india book included controversial critique chinese society culture time china grip civil strife believed source problems lay fundamental defects ethics people including lack fixed outside family group inability cooperate effectively greed physical lack critical thinking skills concludes outstanding characteristics chinese people enable peoples deal enable chinese deal end chaotic conditions country favorably contrasts considers japan sensible policies china ones adopted united_states ways dark bestseller attracted reactions critics supporters writing current history praised book welcome written recent years conclusions shape america far eastern policy contrast prominent denounced work general indictment race lacked insight relied second hand accounts convince people convinced book political turmoil discussed banned government china distributed free charge government japan newspaper native county reported february aroused glowing praise bitter abuse lectures written comments china recent speaker writer far_east affairs moved new_york san_francisco continued write lectures asian issues teaching classes stanford_university advertising san light power corporation resided number cities near san_francisco published second book praise japan thriving political economic cultural model growing positive influence asia attributes anti japanese sentiment united_states pro communist liberals newspaper editors journalists believes japan status leading capitalist nation asia liberals having wrecked economy warns possible communist takeover united_states ends advocating america resist anti japanese adopt foreign policy neutrality asia predicted reception reviewers alleged pro soviet media book received negative coverage times literary supplement times_of_india deemed asia answers work similar press releases appeal book detractors described personality writer impossible criticize involving author scheme hand book received positively japan leader declared understanding china strongly promoted work trip japan coinciding release book japanese translation advocate non returning japan described conservative highly active writing articles delivering lectures making radio broadcasts support movement united_states conflicts asia europe explaining reason participation pro neutrality movement stated serving consul abroad learned international politics wish peace country claiming publishers longer accept anti books began self publishing pamphlets wrote series pamphlets extremely popular widely circulated anti high cost hate america enemies asia circulation copies halfway neutrality printed copies pamphlet series seeking foreign trouble attracted attention german embassy bought distributed copies pamphlets speaks products japan noting america considerably trade japan china arguing peaceful trade japan nazi_germany serve interests american workers consumers blames red elements china starting second sino japanese war praises japan humane manner armed forces behaved china believing soviet_union powerful minority pro communist americans push america war japan chinese won war japan result communist takeover china dismisses idea japan launch attack united_states simply discuss europe similarly german conduct largely defensive reaction british french attempts germans entity active member america formation invited speak america meetings occasions appear private citizen came february opposition widely publicized testimony condemned legislation war bill assign powers president america nations sought defense germany japan led labelled agent opponents charges denied activism brought attention editor anti magazine based wisconsin june accepted offer serve contributor magazine shortly assistant editor herald anti semitic weekly newspaper owners commentator launched august arrest imprisonment run law occurred november federal prosecutors investigating german funded propaganda united_states sought answer questions grand jury commentator found home nationwide launched weeks later came forward willingly claiming simply vacation southern united_states hadn known wanted government december stated knowledge commentator financed strong confidence magazine owners knew good americans added worked prevent outbreak conflict fully supportive war effort emerged later nazi german agents magazine january fbi agents arrived home arrested having acted japanese agent registering foreign agents registration act federal investigation japanese propaganda begun november discovered received payments japanese propaganda organization existed denied paid japanese agent claimed victim political persecution admit having accepting money committee stating merely payment exchange bulk sale pamphlets opted guilty march argued sentence grounds aware acts illegal support anti politicians sent favorable character references senator longtime friend senator described loyal patriotic american citizen presiding justice deeming crimes sentenced june months prison incarcerated defendant great trial defendant prison term known great trial trial arose roosevelt conviction advice attorney general vocal defending nazi_germany tried july americans charged smith act espionage act having participated german backed conspiracy publish literature seeking undermine morale members united_states military indictment cited following statement written prior entry war proof committed fifth earth people kept rule force british fighting liberate subject populations fighting triumph dictatorship known soviet russia microphone listening americans pious horror august strongly questioned view writings subversive legal foundations charges defendants strongly defended senators anti sympathies including said defendants guilty speaking intervening war fact beginning concerns government validity proceedings clear evidence uncovered demonstrate defendants nazi_germany problems lead repeated delays formal opening trial indictment laid second time january expired delays arose indictment laid time january dropped list initially said subject prosecution future end actions taken legal costs deserted friends later called case time washington_post reported war accepted money individual connected german agents return circulating anti british pamphlets despite insisted anybody foreign agent published independently written cent american stance maintained remainder life post war life moved virginia time death considered prominent resident helped organize executive director capacity played leading role lobbying cia locate headquarters virginia worked advance conservation appeared member served organization board directors known insistence sound financial management maintained friendships far right figures war including time worked editor contributor anti semitic magazine introduced officer mistake fighting war plans died january age legacy assessment historians noted forward pro japanese views world war instance described adamant extreme voices america defending japanese policy anti extreme rejected label life instead called pro peace held esteem members extreme right united_states recently japan death widow turned papers oklahoma supporter right wing militia groups referred man knew trying japan attacking united_states jailed stored papers called heritage library today held anti semitic organization leadership old friend barnes review published time world war new foreword written praised profound genuinely courageous honest writer japanese translation barnes review edition released japan runaway success quickly elevated hero status japanese far right opinion recent scholars quality writing mixed analyzed articles china overland monthly considered claims incredibly deliberately vicious historian described pamphlets written contrast professor found pamphlets argued researched works books new_york new_york pamphlets japan slam door areas japanese influence asia san_francisco halfway neutrality san_francisco self published america enemies asia san_francisco self published high cost hate san_francisco self published seeking foreign trouble san_francisco self published appeal patriotic americans self published articles china chaos current history june slump august mission schools china new_york_times november america watches sino japanese relations contemporary japan june let stop japan december meeting japan challenge june pacific tension july january december soviet propaganda america far eastern review august english new_york_times january japan commercial prize commentator november mercy strictly political commentator march fight japan commentator june publicity reversal technique commentator december summer context pearl harbor winter saving great dismal swamp defenders wildlife news march books cited cover years nazi underworld america philadelphia cole america madison storm horizon challenge american intervention maryland anti intervention introduction world war early cold war new_york roosevelt churchill world war opposition autobiography old connecticut henry secret new york edward english european authors detroit gale research origins pearl harbor maryland connor peter general introduction japanese propaganda series volume tokyo edition nazi penetration new_york morris native american 1930s 1940s new_york free speech good war new_york martin press tokyo ways dark truth china new_york asia answers new_york walker wilson obama story poor new_york
Ralph Townsend