russian monitor russian monitor built imperial_russian_navy early 1860s designed british built saint_petersburg ship spent entire career ran aground sank shortly entered service refloated repaired shortly training ship stricken navy list ship years later renamed finland country declared independence returned soviets treaty brest signed ship known sunk german artillery fire salvaged following year remained service stricken subsequently broken design description previously licensed design class united_states wished compare john designed gun turrets ships turrets designed british inventor captain board commissioned mitchell design twin turret monitor based danish ironclad build shipyard modernized board saint_petersburg russia feet inches long waterline beam feet inches maximum draft feet ship designed displace long tons turned overweight actually displaced long tons fitted double flooded combat reduce crew numbered officers enlisted men officers crewmen feet deck sort moderate sea rolled heavily fitted iron pole masts probably fore aft rigged steady ship propulsion propulsion ship simple horizontal direct acting steam engines built sons field london engines bore inches stroke inches drove single inch propeller steam provided rectangular fire tube boilers pressure kpa psi engines produced total indicated horsepower gave maximum speed knots mph ran sea trials june ship small boiler small steam engine powered ventilation fans main water pump rotated aft turret engine probably rotated forward turret carried long tons coal gave range nmi armament initially armed pounder inch muzzle loading guns pair turret ventilation prevented turrets firing directly forward aft turret bear approximately changed slightly time changes ship replaced krupp inch rifled breech loading guns gun fit turrets old gun ports new ones cut turret years later krupp guns replaced inch rifled guns replaced turn longer powerful inch guns ship carried rounds gun iron required martin shells fitted turrets light guns use torpedo boats known fitted aboard ship 1870s received pounder inch guns millimeter quick firing gun inch gun point ship received millimeter hotchkiss revolving cannon mounted turret tops probably replaced older pounders armor complete waterline belt wrought iron inches thick amidships inches ends ship feet high completely covered hull feet inches waterline armor backed inches teak circular turrets protected armor inches thick area gun ports reinforced inch plates total thickness inches walls ship oval conning tower inches thick deck inch thick construction service ordered june construction began august admiralty shipyard saint_petersburg formal keel laying december launched june completed cost ship spent career struck rock finnish coast august shallow water sank refloated september repaired little known service extensively refitted included replacement plating hull ship reclassified coast defense ironclad february subsequently training ship ship stricken navy list february turned port disposal renamed hulk october converted storage hulk abandoned april soviets abandoned finland returned following month according terms treaty brest hulk renamed later january sunk german artillery october harbor stricken march hulk salvaged service december renamed stricken time april subsequently scrapped
Russian monitor Smerch