september july american cartoonist animator best known comic strip animated film dinosaur contractual reasons worked pen comic strip dream young age quick prolific technically artist started professional career making posters performing museums began illustrating newspapers magazines joined created popular comic strips little dream signature strip debuted fantasy strip art style young boy adventurous dreams strip demonstrated strong graphic sense mastery color linear perspective experimented formal elements comic strip page arranging panels increase impact enhance narrative produced numerous detailed editorial cartoons popular performer chalk talks circuit early animation pioneer self financed animated films survive fragments served act dinosaur interactive routine appeared orders trained dinosaur assistants worked months ambitious film sinking patriotic recreation german enjoy commercial success earlier films later movies attracted little attention animation comic strip work gradually curtailed newspaper magnate employer expected devote energies editorial illustrations drawing bold use linear perspective particularly detailed architecture editorial cartoons fine hatching color central element comic strip work influenced generations technical level animation scale feature films arrived 1930s pioneered use registration marks cycling animation techniques standard personal history family history paternal grandparents farmers immigrated scotland father march born children maternal grandparents peter scottish immigrants settled farmers daughter children robert member king solomon robert traveled year old married january couple moved american border later year settled michigan eastern coast robert employed american entrepreneur contact canada records birth extant stated interview born year listed grave marker late life told friends born september published information magazine michigan census records list born canada canadian birth record found fire destroyed american birth record obituary stated knew exact age children arthur born michigan robert worked saved money buy parcel land worked retail moved family michigan expanded land holdings successful real estate brother hugh moved canada robert public settled michigan point changed spelling surname son related story change clan looking fourth member fight members irish clan father pointed clan got sense humor early life came known middle drawing skills emerged early according story told family drawing aftermath fires hit spring lake picked nail scene fire frost drawing obsessive drew saw level detail accuracy drawing noted young age able draw accurately memory things drawn called memory father thought little son artistic talents sent michigan rarely attended classes catch train detroit drawing skills wonderland museum drew portraits apiece kept half attention received talents soon drew wider attention geography drawing professor michigan state normal school offered teach art privately accepted lessons practical focused observation learn draw perspective glass influenced use color learned draw quickly drills gained appreciation master artists past early career spent years chicago making way friend traded art techniques painter met boarding house lodged artwork posters pamphlets moved cincinnati museum work living boarding house near workplace spent years making posters advertisements museum later wonder world theater vine street museum demonstration given likely exposure young medium film work time printing company ability draw quickly great accuracy drew crowds painted advertisements public year walked museum sister painting rushed studio change custom tailored suit returned introduced fourteen year old soon kentucky began working learned draw dip pen art room manager accepted time position illustrations paper displayed bold use perspective mastery soon began humor magazine life accepted position higher salary produced prolific number drawings reporting head art department drawings began line thickness indicate depth thick lines surround characters inspired style trademark work comic strips january november drew ongoing comic strip based poems written called tale jungle appeared print moved new_york_city work illustrations editorial cartoons worked alongside comic strip pioneer brown strip herald rivalry built resulted leaving herald return previous employer continuing comic strip debuted evening telegram january formula strip millionaire seek ways active embarrassing results sister strip child protagonist lasted instalment april color strip appeared herald sunday supplement popular comic strip little strip starred young boy build panel panel released disastrous results usually punished chased away affected strip debuted july ran december longest running strip dream appeared evening telegram september strip aimed adult audience recurring characters characters appeared strip fantastic terrifying dreams wake panel welsh eaten night blamed bringing dream popular book collection appeared publisher adapted film plans comic opera musical stage failed signed strips pen contract required use real evening telegram work living manhattan close herald offices moved brooklyn new_york seaside resort long_island hour herald offices believed better place raise children lived number addresses settling story house avenue resided rest life reputation grew employers allowed work home studio turning illustrations editorial cartoons daily began continuing strips january began story hungry child protagonist visibly ages week week eats lieu love parents progress strip evening telegram ran june december spent strip unsuccessfully rid labeled dull care got idea little folk october page sunday strip debuted herald considered masterpiece child protagonist fabulous dreams interrupted week awakening final panel appearance based son robert experimented formal aspects comics page inventive use timing pacing size shape panels perspective architectural details herald considered highest quality color printing newspaper time printing staff ben day process color pages precise color schemes approached april perform chalk talks circuit week draw sketches minutes live audiences pit band played piece called dream seven ages man routine drew faces progressively aged performance june featured entertainer success toured managing complete comic strip illustration work time working hotel rooms backstage early abortive attempts produce stage version announced extravagant little unprecedented score lyrics starred flip reviews positive played sold houses new_york toured seasons brought act city little played keith circuit refused perform boston new act switched circuit week raise cities brought son publicity sat small throne dressed improvised story introduced mythical creature called word caught public hit song singing group despite success failed investment enormous expenses came end december displayed social awareness strip created herald poor jake title character silent worked colonel stall exploit strip ran spring approached early bring europe requested herald permission plans stayed eastern ceased performing biographer assumed request tour europe turned refusal added growing frustration herald distrust big business pronounced work time including story arc characters visit mars oppressed business magnate animation said proud animation work completed animated films planned inspired flip books son brought home came possibility making moving pictures cartoons claimed man world animated cartoons preceded thousand drawings rice paper animated short starred characters shot supervision live action sequences added beginning end film newspaper colleagues month thousand drawings featured sequences cartoonist actor little debuted movie theatres april days later began act good reception motivated hand color frames originally black white animation frustrated herald partly money issues partly perceived lack freedom accepted higher paying offer spring took characters herald held strip copyright won lawsuit allowed continue characters title land wonderful dreams herald unsuccessful finding cartoonist continue original strip began work animated film operates based episode june man bed tries vain defend giant drinks explodes animation expanding like balloon blood abdomen swells according body structure film completed january toured spring summer dinosaur debuted february act introduced dinosaur captivity commanded animated beast whip obey audience eating tree boulder rebelled cried throwing apple reality cardboard prop apple cartoon simultaneously appeared screen finale walked reappeared animated form film carry away producer obtained distribution rights modified version played regular movie theaters version live action sequence replaced interactive portions piece animation detailed backgrounds drew foreground characters art student neighbor traced backgrounds pioneered split system major poses positions drawn intervening frames drawn relieved improved timing film actions refused patent system sued animator took advantage lapse techniques including use registration marks tracing paper action viewer cycling drawings create repetitive action lawsuit unsuccessful evidence received royalty payments licensing techniques disappointed quality newspaper work infuriated couldn reach performance pulled papers advertising theatre performed editor told artist comic cartoonist comic strip work focus editorial illustrations pressured agents reduce number appearances induced sign contract limited appearances greater new_york occasional exceptions february entirely paid work outside empire occasionally granted permission particular shows increased salary cover loss income expected report daily american building shared ninth floor office arthur bugs sports cartoonist illustrated editorials sent drawings instructions changes quality drawings varied depending interest subject assignment agreed sentiments portrayed events personal life example march subjected blackmail plot seeking divorce husband alleged wife seeing husband level fame story likely papers husband told secret believe allegations gave testimony divorce trial blackmail failed divorce granted animation studio began december brought screen initially listed studio produced hands featuring creations derived satisfaction work begun sinking follow film fantasy detailed realistic recreation german event counted americans dead factor leading american entry world war daughter married military man eighteen years senior october gave birth july son robert called service entered world war self financed took nearly years complete assistance cincinnati cartoonist adams spent hours drawing film sheets white black india ink home film technology animator patented saved work allowing dynamic drawings layers laid static background layer relieving animators static images drawing drawing photographed studios film animated use dramatic camera angles impossible live action film released film july advertising touted picture competitor film called inventor drew attention fact took drawings complete sinking greatly return investment years run theaters continued produce animated films completed likely shown commercially audiences survived fragments flip circus released films based dream bug insects creepy perform stage pet creature appetite grows enormously city way reminiscent man wings house flee debt son robert credited animation film notes highly unlikely time animator produced accomplished piece animation later career animation learned devoted time animation newspaper illustrations ideas animation projects included collaboration author musical film called film americans role world war son robert married april bought nearby house wedding gift couple gave grandchildren named mother robert robert suffered shell shock world war following war difficulty drawing tried boost son confidence finding work elder editorial cartoons signed robert resumed shows keith circuit cameo newspaper office scene boxing film great white way early left contract bitter having received promised bonus returned brought little beginning august new strip displayed technique old panels laid grid took passive role stories continuity strip came end december popular readers executives trying convince return american succeeded gone place filled let return lack 1920s success signed strip dollar attended dinner honor new_york considerable drinking introduced animator gave gathered group animators technical advice felt audience giving attention audience saying animation art conceived making trade art trade bad luck september appeared radio november interviewed appearances complained state contemporary animation executive approached advertising campaign financial sum excess annual salary brisbane refused noting contract didn allow outside work executive stormed brisbane office threatening pull advertising dollars american brisbane provided written release work found recalled ride life son young bill drove miles hour scene kidnapping baby arrived hours crime reported police able interview gathered police grounds closed public scene staff allowed close enjoyed robust health life july complained wife severe horror found right arm drawing arm paralyzed lost consciousness pronounced dead later afternoon wife children son law died cerebral buried cemetery brooklyn family plot funeral home attended newspaper colleagues son brisbane hired replace lavish lifestyle left smaller fortune expected early 1940s inheritance sold house avenue died heart attack march living daughter son law inheritance successful art father worked short time papers tried unsuccessfully job disney studios finding career illustrator training aids special services fort personal life self conscious private charismatic self promoter maintained lifelong friendships light frequent drank love drinking wife cigarettes self taught piano avid reader poetry plays novels admired knew works quote bible shakespeare stood barely feet tall felt dominated wife nearly tall married youngest daughters french canadian carriage painter decade separated couple ages married biographer speculates explain lack certainty claimed younger justify marrying teenage girl notably age conscious preferred grandchildren instead dyed hair got older took traditional roles married couple time got mother couple children born june born august said children left discipline stern mother felt mother perceived brother mother favorite closer father appeared public robert looked father artist proud served model little lived disliked driving kept served bodyguard editorial cartoons drew attracted threatening letters daily trips shop downtown brooklyn wives complained husband refused discuss matters politics unclear disputed viewpoints displayed editorial cartoons believed lifelong member joined early living chicago father buried rites arranged ontario michigan mother visited brooklyn attended philadelphia premiere died michigan brother arthur placed mental hospital michigan march stayed death june received family visits let children know brother know existence sister died legacy son robert attempted carry father legacy reviving comic book harry syndicate announced sunday daily strip credited robert drew comic book version called starring grown versions princess project lasted long robert fabric salesman organized feature revive original strip original art modified fit size modern newspaper pages revival original artwork poorly preserved insisted having originals returned large collection survived destroyed fire late 1930s wife unsure handle surviving pieces son took responsibility moved collection house family sold artwork need cash responsibility passed later daughter early century surviving artwork remained family hands destroyed original cans film create storage space film kept survived photographed original film storage son friend young animators discovered film possession rescued cases fragments saved negative incomplete positive discovered film animals playing instruments intended act deemed destroyed cartoonist discovered original artwork little strips cartoon studio son robert worked recovered originals displayed direction curator published collection strips italy collection originals preserved cartoon work grounded understanding realistic perspective techniques featured feature films disney paid tribute episode episode story animated drawing gave history animation act robert invited disney studios consultant episode disney told bob father animator biographer produced film called remembering narrated animation assistant helped coordinate retrospective films international animation film festival new_york led film winter wrote biography called life art revised expanded version biography released comics scholar called far away scholarly intelligent biography written american cartoonist animation scholar stated influence history animation understated film critic lamented animation pioneer able reach potential suggested work compared italian early renaissance highly skilled limited techniques command wrote strength visuals writing characters weak italian filmmaker read children magazine strip powerful influence filmmaker according biographer comics historian called original genius comic strip medium animation harvey said contemporaries lacked skill continue innovations left future generations build work inspired called genius favorite real dream strip partially inspired shadow towers appropriated imagery included page appendix children book night kitchen homage work comic book series graphic novel boulevard broken dreams revolved character named based aged cartoonist lamented conditions newspaper degree time worked later century allotted space sufficient expansive page fantasies interpretation dreams appeared print major dream strips work invited speculation influence comic strip appeared book french nurse dream strongly resembles work theme pacing style closing panel awakening bed english translation book published established recognize individuals lifetime career contributions animation presented annie awards los_angeles devoted room work exhibit published complete edition covering spreads entitled complete little work style virtually beginning forms chosen media varied size shape comic strip panels dramatic effect second instalment october panels grow adapt growing forest mushrooms contemporaries bold page near contemporary notable example generation later prince captain easy attempted daring designs sunday pages detailed hatching mastery perspective enhanced drawings particularly fantastic witnessed time wonderland appeared work noted speed accuracy draw crowds people gather watch paint billboards taste ornate architecture drew inspired world exposition chicago detailed illustrations british illustrated newspapers graphic paris published series illustrated books called pages bear striking resemblance early little strips graphic sense imaginative absolute precision line akin artist 19th century french illustrator drew black drawing ink art square angle assortment venus lead early magazine cartoons painted techniques self work frequent dream strip characters address reader characters aware strip jealous lover tears strip apart appears character panel borders strip realizes artist forgotten episode destroys panel borders contrast high level skill artwork dialogue speech balloons crude approaching ing flawless work according critic highlighted level effort skill apparent title lettering little regard dialogue balloons content placement visual composition tended contain repetitive expressing increasing distress speakers showed gift visual verbal comics animation stock ethnic stereotypes common era conscious attempt apparent depicted blacks wishing white prominent pair characters ill tempered rarely speaking grass african little imp animated shown drawn style controls magic flip imp women work depicted superficial jealous princess little males shared list comic strips filmography books magazines journals newspapers web
Winsor McCay