fungal genus family genus contains single species described science commonly known noble fungus produces large fruit bodies found weigh kilograms upper surface fruit body texture supports growth algae plants species found pacific_northwest region north_america grows large diameter specimens noble fir pacific silver fir western causes brown tree hosts genetic analysis shows fungus prevalent fruit body distribution indicates taxonomy named originally described species fungus discovered oregon brothers ali called species referring collectors surface texture collections oregon washington subsequent years large specimen collected washington weighed pounds measured inches inches learned fungus visiting kept large fruit bodies previously collected mount national park fruit body served type collection species genus cause white host trees placed fungus genus despite knowing definitively type caused considered closely related specialist transferred concept genus narrowed new genus accommodate species order particular genus features true cystidia arising supportive hyphae underlying hymenium sterile structures arising deep protruding hymenium phylogenetic analyses mitochondrial small sequences suggests belongs clade closely related genera clade includes wood decaying species previously classified variously families description perennial fruit bodies measure species designated largest fungus book world records fruit body shapes associated fungus depending largely location fruiting host tree shaped shelf like located sides hosts short topped tapering surfaces occur main roots host centrally conical found tops stumps cap surface young fruit bodies covered dense mat white fibers millimeters long age color stuck tips surface typically brown darker appear green associations algae species plants grow upper surface texture fruit body tough fresh hard dry pores underside fruit body round approximately tubes comprising pores successive year growth thick layer sterile tissue layers mature tube layers long characterized hyphae originating closely hyphae upper surface fruit body spore bearing cells basidia size pear shaped spored roughly hyaline smooth thin walls habitat distribution fruit bodies called found singly overlapping layers old trees diameter breast height noble fir rarely pacific silver fir western recorded growing tree species found habitats include western western common shrubs sites include alaska use molecular genetic techniques demonstrated fungus lives douglas fir western western fruit bodies seen hosts fungus found washington oregon washington northern california specimens found elevations feet fungus feeds dead living wood parasitic fruit bodies occur fallen logs forms dead wood lacking roots connection root system found growing living roots tree living died years host tree uprooted fallen tree conservation threats include known unknown habitats logging fire disturbances forestry practices lead loss large diameter trees large diameter stumps managed forests mature tree hosts listed endangered species making fungi listed endangered private public agency united_states sole fungus category survey management guidelines fungi northwest forest plan meaning pre disturbance surveys site management needed developing areas known harbor fungus known sites fungus extensive surveying pacific_northwest increased number sites observed fungus abundant fruit body appearance indicates genetic markers detect fungus hosts researchers found present low moderate levels widespread forest stands containing single visible fruit body detected trees sizes species previously thought harbor fungus require decades growth host fruit body production initiated fungus grown despite attempts
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