born july english american film director screenwriter producer highest grossing directors history successful acclaimed filmmakers 21st century having directorial debut following gained considerable attention second feature acclaim independent films gave opportunity big budget thriller mystery drama prestige found popular critical success inception films grossed billion worldwide garnered total oscar nominations seven awards written films younger brother runs production company wife films rooted philosophical ethical concepts exploring human morality construction time nature memory personal identity body work elements temporal shifts perspectives storytelling practical special effects analogous relationships visual language narrative elements life career early life career beginnings born london english father advertising executive american mother née worked flight attendant english teacher childhood split london chicago british american citizenship older brother matthew younger brother began making films age seven borrowing father super camera shooting short films action figures growing great admirer star wars age stop motion animation homage called space wars uncle worked nasa building guidance systems apollo rockets sent launch footage filmed screen cut thinking notice later remarked age professional filmmaker family relocated chicago formative years started making films continued collaboration brothers receiving credit editorial assistance oscar nominated documentary worked alongside future pulitzer prize winner documenting african countries organized late early 1990s educated independent school later read english literature chose specifically filmmaking facilities comprised editing suite film cameras president union film society girlfriend future producer screened feature films school year money earned produce films summers college years short films surreal shown independent film video showcase second filmed weekend black white limited cast crew equipment funded shot society equipment appeared cambridge film festival considered best shorts graduation directed corporate videos industrial films short man chasing insect flat shoe discover killing miniature period career little success getting projects ground later recalled stack rejection letters greeted early making films adding limited pool finance honest kind place support whatsoever british film industry breakthrough directed feature personally funded filmed friends following depicts unemployed young writer trails strangers london hoping provide material novel drawn criminal underworld fails distance film inspired experience living london having flat interesting connection stranger going possessions concept following people random crowd boundaries ordinary social relations following modest budget shot weekends course year conserve film stock scene film rehearsed extensively ensure second final edit produced wrote photographed edited film following won awards festival run received critics new_yorker wrote echoed classics december released dvd blu ray result following success afforded opportunity breakthrough hit road trip chicago los_angeles brother pitched idea man amnesia uses notes hunt wife murderer developed screenplay told story reverse executive said innovative script seen film optioned given budget million starring premiered september venice international film festival critical acclaim wall_street_journal wrote review remember movie clever strangely affecting funny time book philosophy neo noir draws comparison essay concerning human understanding argues conscious memories constitute identities theme explores film film box office success received number accolades including academy_award nominations screenplay independent spirit awards best director directors guild america award nomination considered numerous critics best films 2000s impressed work recruited direct psychological thriller starring academy_award winners initially wanted seasoned director section productions fought choice cinematographer editor million budget described conventional hollywood film director remake norwegian film los_angeles detectives sent northern town investigate murder local teenager received positive reviews critics performed box office earning million worldwide film critic roger_ebert praised film introducing new perspectives ideas issues morality guilt unlike remakes pale examination material like new production good play director original film satisfied version calling crafted smart film good director handling time deemed worthy successor triumph atmosphere mysterious mystery planned biographical film starring written screenplay learned making hughes biopic aviator reluctantly script moved projects having turned offer direct historical epic worked adapting crime novel keys street screenplay planned direct eventually left project citing similarities previous films mainstream success early approached idea new batman film fascinated character story wanted film grounded world reminiscent classical drama comic book fantasy biggest project undertaken point premiered june critical acclaim commercial success starring title role film revived franchise trend darker films tells origin story character initial fear bats death parents journey batman fight plot destroy praised psychological depth contemporary relevance new_york_post called wake people giving cute men face superhero movie batman begins eighth highest grossing film united_states year ninth highest grossing film worldwide nominated bafta awards 10th anniversary forbes published article describing film influence reboot modern vocabulary superhero origin stories increasingly vogue genre phrase dark gritty likewise joined cinematic influencing perception different approaches storytelling comic book film genre sorts genres returning batman franchise directed wrote produced prestige adaptation novel rival 19th century post production asked brother help write script film screenplay intermittent year collaboration brothers initially intended film early project agreeing starring lead roles prestige received critical acclaim including oscar nominations best art direction earned million worldwide dark twisting tale roger_ebert described movie atmospheric obsessive los_angeles_times called ambitious melodrama noting film price paid creative field risk sacrifice magic demands following release prestige considering direct feature film adaptation british television series prisoner later dropped project july announced follow called dark knight approaching sequel wanted expand quality film canvas taking dynamic story city large crime story looking police justice system poor people rich people criminals released great critical acclaim dark knight cited best films 2000s best superhero films new_york_times found film higher artistic merit hollywood pitched divide art industry poetry entertainment goes darker deeper hollywood movie comic book kind expressed similar point view describing haunted film leaps origins tragedy film set number box office records theatrical run earning north_america abroad worldwide total dark knight feature film shot partially format academy awards film nominated winning editing posthumous heath recognised peers nominations dark knight success signed direct inception wrote produced film described contemporary sci set architecture mind released theaters critics like wondered faith intelligence cost box office starring large ensemble cast led film released july critical commercial success chicago_sun-times awarded film perfect score called best movies 21st century named best film stating inception proof people stupid cinema trash possible art thing veteran producer speculated success inspire studios original content promise heads studios going production meetings saying need fresh ideas summer movies want original concepts like inception big bold carry film ended grossing million worldwide nominated including won best sound editing best visual effects received bafta award nominations work film post production inception gave interview amazing shadows documentary film appreciation preservation appeared documentary history process digital film creation directed final batman film dark knight rises initially hesitant returning series agreed come developing story brother felt end series high note released july critical acclaim called arguably biggest thrilling disturbing utterly balls spectacle created screen describing work spectacle scale possible attempted associated_press wrote review concluded trilogy typically spectacular ambitious fashion disliked story excessive problem exceptional visionary filmmaker people extraordinary expect time short feels like like predecessor performed box office thirteenth film world gross billion midnight showing film century cinema aurora colorado opened fire inside theater killing people injuring released statement press expressing victims described tragedy story discussions told idea present superman modern context impressed concept pitched idea hired produce write offered direct film based stylized adaptations innate dealing real characters grossed million worldwide box office garnered divided critical reaction large scale present thomas served executive producers directorial debut longtime cinematographer based script film revolves scientists work creating machine possesses collective intelligence released theaters april unfavorable reviews gave film rating pointing lacks talent weaving grand pop spectacle cultural january announced direct write produce science fiction film entitled drafts script written originally directed steven_spielberg based scientific theories renowned theoretical physicist film depicted heroic voyage borders scientific understanding starred notably collaboration cinematographer paramount_pictures financed distributed project released november positive reviews strong box office results grossing million worldwide wrote review new_york_times visual thematic ambition sweeping futuristic adventure driven grief regret film particularly praised scientific accuracy led publication scientific papers calling shown school science lessons named best films year american_film_institute afi academy awards film won best visual effects received nominations best sound mixing best sound editing best production design short film time capsule people earth specifically inspired themes attempts capture celebrate human experience earth production company formed joint venture release blu ray editions prestige titles project director blu ray release animated work directed documentary short initiated theatrical tour showcasing street program short received critical acclaim writing review brothers undoubtedly hundreds thousands fans important contributions cinema joined board directors non profit organization dedicated film preservation announced appointed serve representatives thomas served executive producers batman superman dawn justice sequel second installment involved production advisory capacity film box office success received negative reviews critics december announced direct produce film based world war titled based original screenplay film scheduled released july confirmed cast filmmaking style regarded filmmaker visual style urban settings men suits muted colors dialogue scenes framed wide close shallow depth field modern locations architecture noted films heavily influenced film noir aesthetically director deep evocative shadows documentary style lighting natural settings continuously experimented elements temporal shifts elliptical cutting perspectives storytelling merging style form discussing tree life spoke work influenced approach style think visual style think visual language film tends natural separation visual style narrative elements seeing vital relationship image story telling drawing attention manipulative nature medium uses narrative stylistic techniques notably stimulate viewer ask films ways films provoke particular responses uses editing way represent characters psychological states merging audience example fragmented order scenes audience similar experience ability create new long term memories prestige series magic tricks themes deception mirror structural narrative film protagonists films usually psychologically damaged seeking vengeance death loved driven philosophical beliefs fate ambiguous films protagonist antagonist mirror images point protagonist antagonist highlights ambivalent nature truth writing style incorporates number storytelling techniques flashbacks shifting points view unreliable scenes interrupted unconventional editing style cutting away quickly money shot nearly cutting characters dialogue scenes parallel action build climax stressed importance establishing clear point view films makes frequent use shot walks room character takes viewer inside way character enters uses techniques hand held camera work convey realism interview explained emphasis realism dark knight trilogy try audience invest cinematic reality talk reality films direct reality cinematic reality collaboration composer films featured slow atmospheric scores expressions ambient textures starting began working known integrating electronic music traditional orchestral arrangements films evolved increasingly lush wanted new direction sort conversation know years spent batman world textures music sounds thing sort created sort people movies bit time method described filmmaking process combination geometry draw lot work lot thinking instance finding mathematical model scientific model draw pictures illustrate movement rhythm physicist compared deep scientists noting director things non scientists rarely understand deliberately works tight schedule early stages editing process forcing editor work spontaneously think editing think way feel avoids music cutting films prefers shooting film digital video opposes use digital digital cinematography feels reliable offer inferior image quality film particular director advocates use higher quality larger format film stock uses multi camera stunts single camera dramatic action watch night shooting single camera means seen frame gone gate attention isn divided multi cameras working actors prefers giving time perform takes given scene want come realize lighting camera technical things time running generally adds couple minutes actor tells scene chance going cost time technical issues praised director providing relaxed atmosphere set adding seen raise voice observed actors space find things scene direction direction sake chooses minimize computer generated imagery special effects films preferring use practical effects possible cgi enhance elements photographed camera instance films inception featured visual effects shots respectively considered minor compared contemporary visual effects upwards shots believe absolute difference animation photography sophisticated computer generated imagery created physical elements haven shot going feel like animation usually different goals visual effects movie fool audience seeing seamless try use impress audience money spent spectacle visual effect interest shoots entirety films unit second unit action sequences way keeps personality point view aspect film don need directing shots movie need screen size shot action films embrace second unit taking action odd want action film famously secretive filmmaker known tight security scripts going far telling actors ending film verbally avoid leaks keeping plot secret composer themes work explores ethical themes experience distortion memory human morality nature time construction personal identity fascinated perception reality stuck singular point view singular perspective agree objective reality movies ways try things point view film critic described films protagonists desire definitive answers negotiate environments truth reach characters emotionally disturbed morally ambiguous facing fears loneliness guilt jealousy greed addition larger themes corruption conspiracy grounding everyday everyday sort fears hopes heightened reality makes accessible universal audience uses real life experiences inspiration work creative point view process growing process getting married having kids tried use work tried driven things important writing singled signature theme work adding director avoids talking private life emotional heart onwards previous films said pre dated birth kids promoting said heart love father daughter think chris father story close prominent recurring theme concept time director identified films odd relationship time usually structural sense interested time writing film philosophy points characters inception literally time travel escape time stricken building time passed passing feel time willingly destroying experience creating multiple simultaneous explored laws physics represented theory general identifying time film antagonist films reality abstract fragile concept noted crises conflicted male figures struggling slippery nature identity prevalent theme work actual objective world importance way absorb remember created reality truly matters solely mind heart sense found according film theorist created realities reveal ethical political importance creating films typically spectators events occur motivations characters abandon idea truth altogether instead truth emerge lie lead entirely argues filmmaker devote entirely illusion medium calling filmmaker trilogy explored themes chaos terrorism violence financial manipulation mass surveillance class conflicts batman arc rising man man similar films explore ideas akin philosophical simpler primitive way life concept general theorist saw series critical bush era highlighting theme government corruption failure solve social problems cinematic spectacle related inception inspired dreaming dream film characters try idea person mind knowledge similar theories unconscious influences behavior knowledge film takes place dream worlds creates framework actions real dream worlds dream state emergence shifting levels characters navigate inception like prestige uses storytelling devices follows affinity converting narrative values fictional story said movies suited addressing worlds worlds influences cited influences personal favorite films include star wars man king lawrence released list favorite films catalog included hit angry men testament bad timing merry christmas lawrence mankind greed unavailable criterion habit employing non linear storylines particularly influenced graham swift novel felt incredible things parallel told story different dimensions extremely coherent influenced visual language film pink floyd wall structure stating fascinated labyrinth served influences inception mentioned number literary influences including time influences cited include painter architect van der graphic artist authors tale cities major influence dark knight rises views film industry vocal proponent continued use film stock digital recording projection formats beliefs committed film nostalgia favor kind technical innovation needs exceed gone far exceeded come major concern film industry adoption digital formats driven purely economic factors opposed digital superior medium film saying think economic interest manufacturers production industry makes money change maintaining status quo shortly christmas invited prominent directors including theatre private screening minutes dark knight rises shot film edited original camera negative screening attempt showcase superiority format digital warn filmmakers continued assert choice use film productions hollywood movie studios begin phase use film favor digital explained wanted chance potential think best film format invented gold standard technology match opinion message wanted taking digital cameras away want film continue option working big studio movie resources power insist film felt didn started lose option shame look digitally acquired projected image looks inferior original negative print invited representatives leading american film archives presenting institutions participate informal summit entitled future film paul museum advocate importance films shown large screened cinema theaters opposed home video formats believes theatrical window movie business live concerts music business goes concert played bare stage wrote article wall_street_journal expressed concern film industry transitions away film digital formats difference seeing films theaters versus formats leaving audiences incentive seek theatrical experience expressed concern content theaters future able track best selling films adjust programming accordingly process favors large heavily marketed studio films smaller innovative unconventional pictures order combat believes industry needs focus improving theatrical experience bigger beautiful presentation formats accessed reproduced home embracing new generation aspiring young innovative filmmakers recurring collaborators produced films including credited associate producer regularly works brother screenwriter producer creator describes working relationship production notes prestige suspected fact left handed right handed able look ideas flip way little bit twisted interesting great able work like brothers said bounce ideas working separate projects director worked screenwriter comic book adaptations assistant frequent collaborator executive produced directed film prestige cinematographer films spoke relationship director chris working relationship defined simply great respect learned terms pushing find beauty simpler method photography like minded share sense humor beginning trust judgement editor editing composed music early work howard provided music dark knight scored worked subsequent films said creative relationship highly collaborative views creator score director worked sound designer sound prestige frequently collaborated special effects supervisor stunt coordinator assistant director visual effects supervisor production designer worked inception called closest inspiring creative collaborators casting director worked films following frequent collaborators prolific collaborator having appeared films regarded good luck charm return described cinema greatest directors comparing favorably likes known casting stars 1980s films inception said working chairs set gets car goes set stands stands wrap fully engaged aspect film personal life married met london worked producer films founded production company couple children reside los_angeles protective private life rarely discusses personal life interviews prefers use cell phone email address saying don like technology interested moved los_angeles cell phones went path prohibits use phones set recognition having influential popular films time work intensely embraced analyzed debated ordinary film fans critics film academics according wall_street_journal ability combine box office success artistic ambition given extraordinary industry andrew regular contributor magazine called inventive contemporary filmmakers producing highly personal films hollywood mainstream pointed films notable considerable technical visual flair brilliant narrative unusually adult interest complex philosophical questions variety declared premier big canvas generation filmmaker praised contemporaries cited work influencing director said interview thinks hugely admired master filmmaker given stick beat thought modern mass audience willing embrace story character spectacle complimented singular vision called complete said films magic people talk commercial art term usually self works commercial arena poetic work discussing difference art films big studio films steven_spielberg referred series example described inception commended noted film critic complimented director bringing discipline ethics art house independent hollywood calling living proof don appeal lowest common profitable total film named 32nd greatest director time guardian ranked list best film directors world following year entertainment_weekly named 12th greatest working director writing rare director determined walk theater film seen like movies twists fare stuffed brain candy fill graduate school ranked list survey academics held filmmakers referenced essays marked years showed second studied director ahead steven_spielberg time featured influential people world work recognised influence video games official xbox magazine named important people games writing video games started look bit like films gritty complex awards honors writer director number science fiction action films honored awards nominations hugo awards saturn awards screened following film festival won received founder award festival incredible successes stood firmly filmmaking community honored present inaugural said president founder film festival brother won salt award received visionary award festival executive director said brief time feature film director advanced language cinema named honorary fellow title given individuals attained distinction arts literature science business public life director received president said infused talent uses create memorable motion pictures quest images tell stories earned admiration members received directing ace golden eddie filmmaker year award year received modern master award highest honor presented executive director festival stated films set new standard film community inception latest example addition recipient inaugural visionary award july youngest director honored hand ceremony los_angeles selected recipient cinematic honor given body work richly enhanced visual aspects movie going experience selected class day speaker princeton_university film producer visionary age thrilled deliver address said class day chair awarded 20th empire awards director honored retrospective walker art center minneapolis filmography directorial work credited editor cinematographer composer projects
Christopher Nolan