castle artillery fort built henry_viii protect threat french attack feet square castle initially equipped artillery guns garrison men featured arrow head different style earlier circular device forts built henry kind constructed england 16th 17th centuries castle continued maintained modified half castle turned solid gun platform additional accommodation built fort gunners built east castle additional gun battery placed town west english civil war held parliament following restoration charles_ii fortification remained use 18th 19th centuries albeit smaller garrison fewer guns finally withdrawn short period coast guard signalling post castle brought military use second world wars 21st century heritage organisation english_heritage operates castle tourist attraction history 16th century construction built consequence international tensions england france final years reign king henry viii traditionally crown left coastal defences local lords communities taking small role building maintaining fortifications france empire remained conflict maritime raids common actual invasion england unlikely modest defences based simple towers existed south west sussex coast impressive works north england general fortifications limited scale henry broke pope long standing marriage wife catherine resulted france empire declaring alliance henry pope encouraged countries attack england henry responded ordering construction fortifications vulnerable parts coast instruction called device immediate threat passed resurfaced france threatening invasion channel backed allies scotland henry issued device improve country defences particularly south coast town attacked french raid probably encouraged construction castle second wave fort functioned alongside existing defences protected main crossing west island mainland square artillery fort built central courtyard angular arrow head protecting initially equipped cannons smaller guns firing line castle garrisoned small team soldiers consisting master gunner porter soldiers commanded castle captain lived castle soldiers resided local town castle constructed direction captain island land belonging crown possibly site church destroyed events henry dissolved monasteries england years stone local probably reused construction castle finished mills paid work discharge soldiers guarding site project initial use roman catholic queen mary succeeded throne changes leadership castle dismissed favour roman catholic executed role conspiracy overthrow queen protestant elizabeth came throne peace france military attention shifted spanish threat england elizabeth post carried extensive redevelopment castle filled half castle courtyard produce solid artillery platform able hold heavy guns field fire sea probably constructed master gunner house castle nonetheless inspection showed fortification poor condition work costing including erection earth alongside castle mount additional guns year saw attempted invasion england spanish repairs carried castle crown informed castle considered important defence needed expensive repairs 17th century continued important military fortification fortress transport hub stores depot repairs recommended carried years 17th century invested nearby castle including adding angular buttresses walls facing sea survey castle captain reported garrison comprised gunners captain buildings state defences need repair similar concerns raised suggestions half moon battery added defences progressed raised height long room stores constructed castle stone reused nearby walls destroyed sea stone appears taken local monasteries civil war broke followers king charles parliament initially captain relative john ardent royalist held castle behalf king tiny garrison negotiated surrender terms including initially allowed remain castle armed protection castle remained control parliament rest war early decided increase size garrison castle soldiers concerns potential royalist attack island jersey soldiers lived outside castle annual cost force garrison smaller reduce costs charles_ii returned throne existing army following year garrison given days notice leave castle king announced castle artillery sent town agreed financial responsibility running site town declined charles repeated offer time taken action appointing soldiers garrison town assign officer command apparently repairs dilapidated castle crown took castle new captain isle guns brought castle site new battery placed adjacent older earthworks demolished moat filled holmes built mansion alongside castle occasions hosted king charles brother faced widespread revolt potential invasion england william orange holmes supporter james intended control monarch behalf local inhabitants garrison sided william preventing openly siding king 18th 21st centuries continued records equipped pound pound guns castle platforms respectively period probably staffed captain gunners supported local militia early 18th century holmes mansion rebuilt forming current appearance 18th century gradually destroyed industrial developments reducing value anchorage design castle outdated napoleonic wars work carried alter design war sparked fresh invasion scare south coast england underwent considerable repairs year naval guns traversing rails installed castle platform regular county army unit place garrison fort proposal forward entire fortification rejected garrison guns withdrawn began castle signalling station passed castle parts castle leased pier hotel incorporated mansion pier hotel eventually george hotel occupies old castle moat took control castle carrying programme repairs military second world wars finally retired military use 1950s 21st century run heritage organisation english_heritage tourist attraction receiving visitors protected law grade listed building scheduled monument architecture square fortification nearly feet arrow head protecting north west walls face sea protected angular buttresses metre wide moat originally protected south east filled castle 16th century originally covered area west pier street north street battery destroyed walls castle mainly built stone red brick south walls pierced small number including ears overlooked moat built interior castle formed sequence buildings courtyard southern half castle filled shortly produce solid gun platform able support heavy guns later raised 17th century current height covered turf 19th century rounded corners platform rails naval guns traversed dating small lodging room built platform stairs destroyed arrow head design castle reflected new ideas defensive fortifications spreading italy 16th century earlier castles older european style semi circular avoid presenting weak spots stonework arrow headed design enabled defenders provide effective supporting fire attacking force fortifications europe england adopt design accommodation facilities south castle ground floor entrance castle leads courtyard linked barrel vaulted rooms south west corner originally 17th century garrison chambers converted use magazines fittings remains place south east corner master gunner house comprising hall kitchen ground floor chamber attic floors hall originally separated screen chamber subdivided floor small chamber supported arches courtyard lodging second floor runs barrel vaulted chambers massive original roof intact
Yarmouth Castle