din din ibn ibn ibn arabic ibn ibn ibn ibn syrian muslim preacher leader local struggles british french mandatory rule levant militant opponent 1920s 1930s studied egypt afterward islamic preacher hometown syria years ottoman rule following return active supporter resistance italian rule raising funds fighters aid anthem later lead group rebels alliance fight french mandatory forces northern syria following rebels defeat immigrated palestine muslim religious official grew plight palestinian arab peasants 1930s formed bands local fighters launched attacks british jewish targets eventually killed following alleged role killing british policeman israeli historian called arab joseph campaign death factors led arab revolt palestine early life muslim scholarship born northwestern syria father court official ottoman rule local leader order grandfather leading order moved iraq followed school islam studied local mosque teaching known scholar left cairo study mosque studied disputed sources accounts studied muslim scholar came contact prominent studied skeptical relationships attitude later adopted political issues arab world suggests acquainted ideas espoused developed thinking guide future activism critical islam preached ranks farmers locals necessity modern islam capable defending western holy struggle returned worked teacher islamic school taught mystical practices order commentary addition preached ibn mosque following return commenced program islamic revival based moral reforms included encouragement maintaining regular prayer advocating end gambling alcohol consumption campaign highly influenced residents increasingly adopted reforms developed relations local ottoman police enforce law rare cases major violations occasions send disciples intercept transporting alcohol disposed despite support arab nationalism fellow alumni syrian likely laid ottoman_empire relationship authorities indicate regarded population gained reputation simple manners good humor support resistance following italy september invasion libya began collecting funds joint ottoman resistance movement composed victory anthem district governor sought gain control fundraiser locals continued send donations attempted jailed district governor alleged working ottoman state official investigation found guilty governor consequently dismissed june friday prayer called volunteers engage italians accepting volunteers prior ottoman military training enlisted dozens volunteers set fund expedition libya small pension families volunteers abroad accounts vary accompanied volunteers known engage arrived year intending gain sea transportation ottomans request rejected authorities ordered men new ottoman government istanbul gained power shifted state focus balkan october abandoning resistance money raised establish remainder saved future efforts anti french resistance syria later enlisted ottoman army world war broke received military training attached chaplain base near damascus returning war end funds planned expedition libya organize local defense force fight french occupation principal role local resistance financing acquisition weapons militia french forces moved coastal area northern syria established damascus independent arab state period militia fought local french backed occupied areas city eventually repelled french forces moved soon consolidate control consequently disciples left mount established base near village launch guerrilla raids militia grew joined militia based mountains following death commander french control area able successfully pressure major landowners drop financial support pay taxes government isolated decided flee fighters joined ranks leading attacks captured ash july result french victory impending capitulation members unit fled past lines forged activism palestine establishment traveled boat wife daughters later joined early 1920s taught islamic educational institution schools periphery funded religious administered prominent muslims city unlike muslim scholars easily accessible public arrived late teach classes frequently stopped advice resigned teaching career school insistence maintain consistent hours islamic teaching denounced discouraged local palestinian traditions including unorthodox funeral rituals mothers shrine near mount thanks children achievements tribal dances religious sites innovations islam concentrated activities lower classes setting night school casual laborers preaching later mosque seek streets greatest following came tenant farmers drifting upper purchases agricultural land hebrew labor policies excluding arabs traditional grew increasingly popular northern palestine poorer muslims frequently sought preach celebrations appointed marriage court authorities jerusalem role allowed tour northern villages inhabitants encouraged set agricultural according american historian individual deeply islamic social gospel struck plight palestinian peasants migrants pastoral concern linked moral outrage muslim ways old implicit social compact violated circumstances british mandatory palestine anger fueled political drove eventually arms marks palestinian notable politicians took advantage travels deliver fiery political religious encouraged villagers organize resistance units attack british jews intensified obtained damascus ruled struggle british jews relationship local leaders according israeli historian grand jerusalem initially good terms official appointments required prior consent suggests cooperation increased riots source claims men active fell mid-1930s independent line activism sent requesting participation revolt british time refused preferring political solution death served president focused activism lower classes position afforded access middle educated classes city attracted arab nationalist political party particular developed strong relationship leading local party member previous president wide ideological gap convergence view struggle expansion palestine active opposition british rule view separated mainstream political forces palestine time men generally joining cause association helped protect political figures opposed activism activities financed businessmen associated spreading reputation organization armed struggle recruited numerous hand picked followers organized dozen different circles group supporters unaware existence groups majority men peasants urban laborers majority circles based northern palestine disciples country including south contrast traditional palestinian leaders campaigned settlement avoiding confrontation british authorities saw priority fight saw conflict palestine religious struggle unlike palestinian leaders advocated secular nationalist response advocated moral political military solution end british rule aspirations palestine training men stressed maintaining good character paramount importance fighters provide aid people illness maintain good ties families pray regularly god virtues claimed disciplined fearless fighters moral component teachings especially geared young men labor lived away families exposed activities considered immoral islam viewed marriage key preventing moral corruption young men managed financially aid supporters wedding expenses encouraged men grow sign commitment carry went followers taught read write basis learning asked fighters engage spiritual exercises practiced order chants battle guerrilla bands known anti anti british militant organization idea group appeared riots outset split occurred movement faction led argued immediate attacks british jewish targets faction headed thought armed revolt premature exposing group preparations according group attacks north executed group defiance denied allegation ensuing campaign began ambush killing members april failed bomb attack outlying jewish homes early operations killed wounded members northern jewish settlements campaign deaths jewish father son bomb thrown home december recruited men figures range organized cells men arranged military training peasants cells equipped bombs firearms raid jewish settlements sabotage british constructed rail lines striking responsive chord rural poor urban movement deeply muslim urban elite threatened political patronage connections british mandatory authorities following october discovery clandestine arms port apparently originating belgium destined jewish paramilitary force palestinian arab broke general strikes arms shipment known cement incident served final impetus launch revolt authorities death november body british constable discovered near followers believed responsible search parties set capture context men decided underground leaving took hills spent days fed residents villages area british police eventually surrounded cave near bad village long ensuing followers killed captured november manner stand time according american historian surrounded told men die opened fire defiance manner death stunned traditional leadership electrified palestinian people thousands forced way past police lines funeral secular arab nationalist parties invoked memory symbol resistance largest political gathering assemble mandatory palestine surprise funeral held mosque attracted members peasant working classes coffin slain comrades flags saudi_arabia iraq independent arab countries time reaction death strikes held palestinian syrian cities buried muslim cemetery palestinian village jewish suburb obituary published egyptian newspaper november martyr following statement heard preaching pulpit sword death life legacy months following death members movement known leadership spiritual heir shot killed jewish passengers bus act major contributing factor start arab revolt palestine peasant urban guerrilla factions led played significant role commencing revolt start revolt close disciples led region upper respectively according palestinian american played crucial role winning populace away elite politics compromise british showing correct path popular armed struggle british israeli prime minister compared glory actions aroused 1930s fame won discourse activist died battle arab forces recalling israeli historian argued terrorists led fighters recently likened terrorists led revolt unsuccessful lifetime militant organizations gained inspiration example funeral drew thousands turned mass demonstration national unity palestinian emerged 1960s saw founders palestinian nationalist armed movement initially considered naming group known member stated organization began left generation started revolution generation intends finish military wing palestinian armed movement din bears rocket short range rocket group produces uses
Izz ad-Din al-Qassam