august july journalist politician diplomat american leader southern movement member group known effective defenders slavery early critic late 1830s began identify struggle forces anti slavery movement firm supporter southern address adamant opponent compromise 1850s referred demonstrated ability hold large audiences spell hours time leading opponent concept popular sovereignty instrumental splitting party northern southern factions convention phrase sovereignty speech gave describe popular sovereignty american civil war appointed confederate president head diplomatic delegation europe attempt secure formal recognition southern independence efforts unsuccessful frustrated return america elected confederate states senate frequent critic suffering ill health life died war age youth mother lived family home nicknamed located near falls georgia december married lawyer south_carolina served uss quasi war france born years later october father died yellow fever probably named represented south_carolina congress time born widowed mother married reverend april temporarily relocated south_carolina operate academy william student spring entire family moved reverend took position new_york worked reverend movement 1830s involved contacts marriage marred domestic unrest abuse led considerations divorce finally permanent separation atmosphere affected children caused william reject step father teachings biographer historian speculates character later career result low self esteem search public approval went childhood experiences reverend fall enrolled northwestern massachusetts year old admitted sophomore based required entrance examinations williams participated debating society short time editor student newspaper autumn took steps politician working campaign whig overall successful stay williams academically marred frequent disciplinary problems despite selected senior class left school spring weeks graduation early career returned south relocating south_carolina originally lived uncle plantation served uncle strong family including birth father july fourth july celebration stirring address openly attacked state talking repercussions crisis listen voice raise americans affection longer mutual shrine freedom longer exist citizens republic result political activities appointed editor south_carolina november editor attacked chief architect compared referred fallen arch angels efforts tear country rule resigned newspaper august married received slaves quick entry class winter removed plantation alabama near time relocate result financial position seriously damaged cotton prices fell cents pound low cents pound early took southern democrat editorial strong defense slavery current economic perspective began identify anti slavery movement negatively issues establishment national bank internal improvements expanding federal power nationalist moved states rights position changed attitude role gag rule debates began attack support attacks southern slavery like members class strong believer personal code honor september returned brief return visit political private conversation teenage relative party confronted relative wife uncle conversation turned violence armed ended killing doctor street brawl tried sentenced year jail pardoned months incarcerated wrote newspaper spirit man taught preserve honor character person acted spirit dictated returned paper march sold couple months later moved alabama intent resume life suffered huge financial reversal slaves poisoned result feud neighboring slaves killed months unable afford replacements debts newspaper forced sell slaves recovered open public office increasingly interested politics personal politics moved radical wing influenced fell social political circle included political leaders state april started weekly campaign newsletter supported democrat whig election emphasizing slavery important political economic concern south longer elected served year march sold newspaper increasing debt career editor faced problem fellow editors obtaining collecting opened law practice instead ran elected vote special concern election effort determine state legislature based federal ratio slave counting person currently whites counted change benefit generally largest division large continue alabama convention elected united_states house_of_representatives fill vacancy winning vote elected receiving votes field candidate congress political ability unusual gifts gained recognition delivered speech january selected democrats respond speech whig north_carolina opposed texas annexation offended tone speech refused clarify intended honor challenged duel accepted exchange pistol fire occurred nearby maryland injured congress effective spokesman opposing internal improvements supporting states rights start mexican american war conspiracy theories northern intentions helping provide ammunition starting believe conspiracy resigned seat partly financial reasons partly disgust northern democrats accused sacrificing principles economic interests alabama platform address people alabama months resignation moved montgomery purchased acre dairy farm establishing law partnership longer remained owning slaves suggested resignation active role politics forever found impossible recognized significance south talk presidential candidate surfaced saw possibility bringing southern political movement cross party lines clear support taylor taylor denouncing taylor announced seek whig nomination december michigan leading democratic candidate endorsed policy popular sovereignty available candidate sufficiently opposed secured adoption state democratic convention alabama platform endorsed alabama georgia democratic state conventions florida virginia platform declared federal government restrict slavery territories territories prohibit slavery point meeting convention draft state constitution order petition congress alabama delegates democratic convention oppose candidate supporting popular sovereignty allowed territories exclude slavery point federal government specifically mexican anti slavery laws actively protect slavery national convention held baltimore nominated fourth ballot proposal convention adopt main points alabama platform rejected vote alabama delegate left convention protest efforts stir party movement state failed opening new level conflict occurred december massachusetts introduced bill abolish slavery district_of_columbia south rhetoric resistance north escalated spread delivered famous southern address signed persuaded june state democratic_party meeting endorse address instrumental calling scheduled june opposed compromise disappointing results making strong stand hoped simply advocated extending pacific_coast helped create concept originated south_carolina alabama pursue agenda convention held february alabama associations produced radical address people alabama address began legacy old party organization lead members avoid decisive action great slavery question south party success opposition address hit main points ultimately winter especially treatment union degraded contact slaves association northern man great work extending institution slavery vast plains west despite efforts popularity compromise failure acceptance moderate georgia platform south led victories alabama south party support georgia southern rights platform drew votes road continued support radical southern positions generally included group referred fire notes remained forefront longest thomas characterized fire cause purpose preservation south existed revolutionary means rejection existing political order conflicts known erupted spoke publicly support efforts raise men kansas fight southern interests head platform committee state democratic anti know convention succeeded having convention alabama platform june participated rally condemning praising nearly death united_states senate chamber june spoke rally opposing actions territorial governor kansas july spoke graduation distinctive characteristics northern southern people union january participated rally supporting famous nicaragua calling central american enterprise cause south behalf mount ladies association union organization eventually purchased restored helped raise project editor fellow fire leader establishing 1850s meeting called reopening international slave trade convention montgomery responding speech opposing slave trade address spanned days following points slavery right right raise slaves sale appear right import let statute book mark enemies placed want sic cheap want supply cotton demand world supported plan originated creation league alternative national political parties june letter friend publicly circulated referred scarlet letter wrote save fathers organize committees safety cotton states hope effective movement shall fire southern heart southern mind courage proper moment organized action cotton states revolution ill remainder early southern commercial convention passed resolution repeal state federal regulations banning slave trade contribute editorials july able speak publicly columbia south_carolina favor restrictions organized winter upcoming national convention chose lead basis alabama platform popular sovereignty immediate targets recognized necessary black republican gain white house spreading pro slavery message years absence national conventions democratic_party attended charleston convention april douglas faction refused accept platform modeled alabama platform committed protecting slavery territories platform committee presented proposal convention voted floor vote alabama delegation left hall followed delegates mississippi louisiana south_carolina florida texas delegates delaware day georgia delegation majority arkansas delegation withdrew states years preparation despite brief finally destroyed democratic_party failing nominate candidate convention baltimore june effort obtain party unity douglas supporter unauthorized offer run vice president turned entire delegation alabama refused credentials favor pro douglas slate headed south_carolina delegation denied credentials louisiana virginia north_carolina tennessee left convention southern representatives baltimore june adopted platform charleston convention nominated president speech convention characterized douglas supporters like head sand sovereignty know great ugly ragged abolition body exposed thirty public addresses delivered campaign certainly national figure figure making clear follow election speaking tour favor confined south wilmington delaware stated stand dark platform southern slavery ask allowed let let negro sic insult coming marrying daughters october new_york advised interested preserving union enforce strengthen police force conflict stealing cited southern fears power master slave water rocks underground found wells warned crowd republican southern whites enemies race fields blood unfortunate people hall boston defended practices slavery allowed whip children allowed whip sic cruelty practice sic children negro sic work work society boston tour included stops albany syracuse louisville nashville new_orleans finally returning montgomery november news election reached city asked public protesting results shall remain union slaves shall wait bear share common god february alabama legislature passed joint resolution requiring governor election delegates state convention republican elected president waiting official electoral votes counted governor called election delegates place december convention meet january convention convened guiding spirit delegates split insisting immediate versus cooperation southern states frustrated wicked men midst shall oppose alignment abolition power federal government safety demands looked dealt public enemies eventually ordinance passed objections vote newly established met later month montgomery establish formal union delegate delivered address welcome selected provisional president arrival montgomery fire opposed selection relative moderate like davis accepted good choice speech indicated selection davis man hour met hope prosperity honor victory await administration historians agree wrote davis met montgomery helm revolution changed hands stirred waters davis sail ship war diplomat confederate president met february davis starting executive branch government turned cabinet position indicated interested diplomatic post argues davis displayed tone appointing ignorant world realized wholly experience personality diplomacy davis feared political opponent wanted country march formally appointed head diplomatic mission england france mission diplomatic experience delegation assembled london end april confederate secretary state official instructions convince europe legality southern viability militarily strong confederacy value cotton virtually duty free trade south willingness observe treaty agreements effect britain united_states portion requiring aid african slave trade diplomatic recognition argues president davis selected qualified southern leaders contrast favorable conduct stated conduct england consistently arrogant demanding arriving britain days ahead news attack delegation met informally british foreign secretary lord emphasized points instructions denied questioned russell intent reopen slave trade russell non queen_victoria announced british neutrality combined recognition state existed news arrived confederate victory bull run attempted arrange meeting russell forced present arguments writing argues badly benefits slavery world general britain particular august response directed representatives styled confederate states america russell merely reiterated previous determination remain neutral critics maintain mission failed adequately exploit openings presented union secretary state antagonist attitude great_britain address british concerns concerning effect war great_britain late august little submitted resignation events trent affair leave replacements selected president davis july aware intent arrived january attempt meet russell wake trent affair russell replied delegation decline enter official communication originally optimistic mission observations conversations british papers forced conclude slavery issue primary obstacle formal diplomatic recognition told brother anti slavery sentiment universal uncle tom cabin read believed ought come kind thing suit understand people ways england elected return home union blockade found landing pass near texas louisiana border way richmond stopped new_orleans public speech fact europe looked confederacy issue slavery stating look sympathy help abroad rely march served sessions reluctantly supported confederate conscription act april instrumental allowing state draft unpopular exemption slaves exemption applied men unsuccessfully argued excessive use secret sessions congress generally pursued states rights position regard exercise national war powers general supplies slaves federal confederate government particular military matters wanted details provided congress reports execution trials confederate soldiers general questioned reasons virginia brigadier generals alabama authored resolution condemning army joined demands davis account complaints military administration gradually ran president davis matters policy extreme critics differences accelerated series letters exchanged final resolution reached congress georgia previously clashed differences bill intended create physical violence hill hit head glass floor senate ensuing investigation hill returned alabama congress end june extremely ill continued correspondence president davis finally july weeks ninth birthday died kidney disease funeral july brought city montgomery buried cemetery goat hill near original confederate capitol law office montgomery alabama designated united_states unauthorized interior renovations later designated remains listed national_register_of_historic_places
William Lowndes Yancey