march regarded capable military commanders history polish lithuanian commonwealth magnate royal official member polish nobility governor death led successful military campaigns invading held rank field grand military commander second king life constant warfare reached age fought magnate wars later took captured ottoman forces release defeated ottomans times inferior numbers polish swedish war stopped swedish forces conquering prussia war concluded truce defeated major turkish invasion ukraine victory battle brought international fame recognition youth details birth unclear dates provided biographers identify born known father wealthy magnate belonging polish nobility staunch supporter king iii mother daughter brought large estates family marriage brothers held court office crown bishop death jan died father influence royal court secured appointment mayor began studying years sent royal court father continue education practical fashion believed stayed year undertaken tour western_europe months spending majority time france returning family estates early career young age chose follow military career brother took raising group men join army polish lithuanian commonwealth july participated joining crushed death fortress collapsing walls july returning family mansion brother body following autumn rejoined army command jan took effort relieve supply besieged polish forces moscow time entrusted command right flank polish forces joined regular commonwealth army ukraine command field greatly influenced career entrusted destroying rebellious regular units led son jan won battle captured married daughter catherine soon wedding received official rank crown master gained experience ukraine fighting failed destroy capture sizable enemy units died giving birth labor son following year took magnate wars alongside stood powerful turkish army conflict ended year negotiated cease fire following negotiations reduced register limiting number positions hold commonwealth military banned raids black_sea raids wealthy ottoman cities contributed income provoked raids commonwealth territory session commonwealth parliament king iii granted ceremonial grand crown field opposition magnate allies soon afterward defeated near committed mistake pursuing enemy overwhelming odds barely battle alive married gave birth son following year year led army protect ally commonwealth army numbered included private regiments commanded right flank commonwealth forces defeated september combined force belonging retreating good order army morale fell prevented army september later stages retreat resolve collapsed men ran river ensuing battle killed including jan taken captive prisoners transported held polish ottoman relations stabilized wake ottoman defeat spring prisoners returned poland diplomatic mission purchased freedom aftermath battle treaty signed aimed prevent border hostilities resolved respect treaty provisions continued raid effort position following fresh raids forces june given command local commonwealth forces ordered stop incursions early following year command attacked southern poland february intercepted armies destroyed near later year forces crossed border early june inflicted defeat battle new strategy employed light cavalry drive forces fortified attacked small arms artillery forced khan troops retreat disarray victory soon celebrated commonwealth reward granted appointed uprising led rebelled forces attempted form alliance moscow reasoning share trouble unable send major assistance gathered strong army regular private units deal rebellion pledged fair treatment loyal commonwealth death rebels october near launch cavalry attack initial stopped fell checked secondary attack tide battle went position point described grave conflict eventually ended negotiated cease fire treaty november register set promised stop raiding black_sea shores provoking late january invaded army estimated raided territories far north passing advanced units reached cities response gathered troops moved intercept refused engage defeated rear guard main army crossed borders treasure slaves later year fearing repeat invasion violated resolution recruiting fielding army expected second wave time aided number battles highly capable officer score major victory later year departed north new battlefield near baltic_sea southern threat commonwealth overshadowed northern swedish forces polish swedish war june fleet ships army men approached polish coast began collecting trade passing danzig having taken swedish forces spread taking swedish forces landed near main port polish lithuanian commonwealth fleet captured major city refused surrender face lightning swedish advances battle took place september near village defeated polish army led retreated called reinforcements parts country response tasked defending swedish delayed unstable situation south october finally departed prussia force light cavalry infantry quickly moved prussia reinforced units men strong swedish force employing maneuver warfare small mobile units strike enemy communication lines smaller units stopped swedish attack forced defensive posture agreed raise money war situation commonwealth forces short money food difficult lithuanian forces dealt defeat near december subsequently retreated planned strike directions swedish held flooding disrupted plans allowed intercept enemy units advancing april managed recapture took april forced swedish forces retreat city week later surrendered mercenaries swedish abandoning banners insignia changing sides result series swedish defeats spring lost strongholds west bank hopes quick decisive victory situation convinced declare support commonwealth lithuanian forces resumed offensive landed reinforcements night crossing near danzig encountered polish forces wounded hip forced retreat decided devised plan polish forces sent attempt forcing relieve siege followed retreating polish army laid siege responded sudden attack primary objective captured reported impressed speed reaction near men including cavalry commonwealth elite heavy cavalry tried stop swedish army reaching danzig august encountered swedish force consisting men included infantry near swamps wanted provoke poles attacking destroy infantry fire artillery decided attacking went attack cavalry unable draw poles range fire swedish attacks dealt severe damage polish cavalry polish army morale kept high battle ended wounded retreated recognized need reform army strengthen firepower infantry artillery match hand learned arts cavalry charges combat poles overall campaign favorable commonwealth swedish plans thwarted swedish army weakened major engagement year saw surprising defeat swedish flotilla small polish navy november battle polish forces short funds forced cease offensive defensive captured putting small forces efficient use quick cavalry attacks combined supporting infantry artillery fire guerrilla warfare use engineers raise fortifications clever use terrain advantage despite best efforts hampered insufficient funds increased funding war defeated austria sent commonwealth help form forces field marshal refused orders final battle took place june near attacked halted retreated attacked rear guard led count destroyed repelled counterattack swedish pushed counterattack led counterattack swedish forces saved total defeat swedish reserves led field marshal blocked polish attack wounded barely escaped killed captured polish losses killed injured poland follow victory politically militarily cease fire contracted truce october favored received right tax polish trade moving baltic value goods retained control cities recognized dominant power southern baltic coast exerted little influence negotiations called ukraine crush grand crown leader executed moderate began uprising later dubbed uprising soon captured fortress effort restore situation laid siege lacking artillery infantry support breach walls needing supplies having suffered heavy casualties agreed negotiate treaty signed august resulted granted liberal terms including amnesty rebels usual harsh punishment argued long run situation better treatment including increase register regular payment wages supported policies aimed turning main causes unrest ukraine decision settle soldiers living expenses local populace instead paying wages led extreme ukraine months death king iii awarded post grand crown stood vacant years death presumably feared given post earlier powerful magnate king death played major role directing political affairs commonwealth supported election son king return year election king rewarded office prestigious commonwealth district offices influential adviser new king encouraging direct polish foreign policy supported king military reforms generally seen supporter king opposed plans aimed increasing royal power commonwealth weakening golden liberty nobility thwarted turks attacks commonwealth defeating forces july october year repulsed superior invading ottoman force forces numbering mere ottoman defeats attitude persuaded turks sign new treaty august treaty repeated terms treaty ended ottoman commonwealth war short lived captured destroyed near modern led expedition retook fort punished insurgents taken prisoner executed later year returned prepare war sweden rendered unnecessary treaty need commonwealth military worked king end including recruitment mercenaries experienced western warfare development artillery supervised construction bar built ukrainian estates patron gifted artillery engineering officers sponsored mapped ukraine mapped supported plans create commonwealth baltic fleet years declining health reliant younger successfully crushed uprisings uprising influence protected outlaw saw able commander greatest victories occurred winter campaign large army soldiers private armies forces numbered dealt crushing defeat forces near january drowned near ice water gave way commonwealth greatest victory half 17th century brought international fame predicted time place attack destroyed forces deploy usual tactic splitting main forces multiple highly mobile units victory led king consider offensive war turks supported limited war opposed king plan wage war entire ottoman_empire believing unrealistic setting strategic views plan titled discourse destruction coalition moscow strongly urged coalition moscow campaign king continued push crusade turkey little internal support failed achieve spread false hopes promised privileges money exchange participation june wife died remarried soon taking hand year old daughter future january marriage short lived ending death march sources suggest new marriage cause death wrote diary funeral held april wealth influence course life accumulated wealth possessions ukraine ukraine unofficial ruler foreigners referred ukraine commonwealth position existed king trusted political decisions concerning southeastern region commonwealth knowledge support king sent received diplomatic missions constantinople carried negotiations signed treaties grand directly controlled substantial commonwealth military private army espionage network stretched moscow ottoman_empire inherited seven villages father death owned districts settlements including dozens towns giving yearly revenues holdings land western ukraine considerable owned households invested wealth developing ukrainian estates supported settlement regions founded sponsored development towns cities including town flourished investments important local commercial center fortified town citadel set workshops producing persian type constructed fortified palace beautiful italian gardens like patron arts painters writers founded churches sought upgrade school academy sponsored construction palace warsaw military fortifications bar regarded educated man participated sessions rarely spoke publicly widely respected highly popular peers
Stanisław Koniecpolski