shark shark species shark family probable worldwide distribution temperate tropical waters uncommon species typically better known relative shark species found moderately deep water having reported depth growing maximum length build long broad pectoral fins shark suggest slower active swimmer sharks predators feed small schooling bony fishes cephalopods uncertain shark capable body temperature surrounding water like members family possesses adaptations reproduction species viviparous meaning embryos hatch eggs inside stages development young fed non viable eggs mother litter size typically limited commercial value meat fins lower quality sharks caught unintentionally low numbers range assessed species vulnerable rarity low reproductive rate continuing mortality taxonomy phylogeny original description published cuban marine scientist scientific journal based adult specimens caribbean_sea earlier synonym species described type specimen designated consists set fossil teeth confirmed belonging took precedence despite published later specific epithet latin referring rarity species relative sister species relationship confirmed phylogenetic studies based mitochondrial dna turn closest relative sharks great white shark fossil teeth belonging recovered muddy creek formation south hamilton australia japan deposits date distribution habitat widely scattered records suggest shark worldwide distribution tropical warm temperate oceans extent range difficult determine confusion atlantic_ocean known east coast united_states cuba southern brazil west east possibly including mediterranean_sea cape indian_ocean reported pacific_ocean occurs japan taiwan northeastern australia number islands northeast southern california open ocean generally remains upper zone day zone night cuba frequently caught depth rare depths new_south_wales australia catches occur depth areas surface temperature description larger second largest species family great white reaching upwards length weighing females grow larger males largest reported long female caught florida february species slim shape long pointed snout large eyes lack membranes protective tooth rows upper jaw tooth rows lower jaw teeth large knife shaped secondary teeth lower jaw prominently mouth gill slits long extend head pectoral fins long longer head nearly straight margin broad tips dorsal fin large rounded apex placed pectoral fins second dorsal anal fins tiny caudal expanded strong caudal fin crescent shaped small notch near tip upper lobe dermal denticles elliptical longer wide horizontal ridges leading toothed posterior margin coloration dark blue grayish black white fins dark white rear margin anal fin pectoral pelvic fins dark white sharp gray posterior margins adults large juveniles area beneath snout jaw origin pectoral fins biology ecology biology little known somewhat common western atlantic possibly central pacific eastern atlantic rare outnumbered fishery landings slender body long broad pectoral fins evoke oceanic shark blue shark slow cruising sharks upper oceanic waters morphological similarity suggests active fastest energetic sharks like members family species possesses blood vessel exchange systems called latin wonderful net singular trunk eyes brain system enables sharks conserve heat maintain higher body temperature environment uncertain capable large eyes attracted sticks chemical lights implying visual hunter diet consists mainly small schooling bony fishes october long female broken bill lodged abdomen caught northeastern indian_ocean unknown shark encountered aggressive context adult likely natural predators young individuals fall prey larger sharks sharks viviparous typically gives birth pups time inside long female pregnant developed embryos caught passage near puerto_rico january developing embryos supply yolk sustain consuming large quantities non viable eggs mother evidence sibling sand tiger shark pups measure long birth relatively larger young longer heads pectoral fins adults capture records florida suggest winter females swim shallow coastal waters birth male female sharks reach sexual maturity lengths respectively human interactions attacks humans attributed shark large size teeth potentially dangerous shark caught generally low numbers intended sharks anchored hook line meat marketed fresh frozen dried considered poor quality texture fins considered lower quality use shark fin soup valuable captured sharks sea processed animal feed skin jaws value significant catches japanese tropical fisheries sharks occasionally enter tokyo markets united_states fisheries reported catches discarded species worthless north american market tons year retention species prohibited fishery management plan atlantic sharks significant cuban fishery comprising sixth shark landings recent data fishery available assessed species vulnerable low reproductive rate shark fishing gear listed annex convention migratory species migratory shark memorandum understanding north_atlantic stocks declined late 1980s concerns populations following trend
Longfin mako shark