november july italian born new_york lawyer democratic_party politician judge elected italian american serve houses served justice nominated court district sat bench death strong proponent social pro labor legislation defended ethnic italians americans italian descent urged need italian community stood italian ethnic grew judgment norms american society career naples new_york born naples italy came united_states parents age father naples family originally came naples family settled east street increasing numbers italian immigrants father took catering opened popular shop credited introducing italian ice cream united_states oldest children young speak english went public school later formative years worked family shop intellectuals neighborhood gathered evening discuss social political issues father debates gave birth early social consciousness formed basis adult devotion social reform legislation young passionate baseball new_york_giants fan return free tickets clean stadium seats completed law degree admitted bar young attorney distance local underworld incorporated members naples tried impose services called boss arrested carrying concealed weapons asked testify character witness behalf refused felt looked tribute according matter concern neighborhood looked despite attractive fees refused help men disposition secure gun permits early political career early law practice included lot charity neighborhood apart genuine social compassion building political alliances possible use italian american voter power irish american new_york power immigrant groups father founders political club called took hall political machine supporting putting forward opponent fight ruthless sides speakers got beaten electoral contest supported italian american vote deal gave political city want help people said explaining switch backing power age italian born arrived albany year powerful ethnic irish state senator big tim sullivan observed mark words beginning italian era politics watch elected office italian raised chosen largely italian neighborhood continued depend political support political career member 28th district drew support identified notable pieces legislation advocated women suffrage gun control end death penalty school lunch programs new_york senator member served 20th district represented 18th district march opposed proposed prohibition alcohol state believed doubted achieved prohibition advocated education civil liberties sent italy president study economic conditions country world war order provide information economic relief programs encourage italians continue war effort disastrous defeat representative spent year italy won praise president wilson received decoration grand officer italian crown italy mid june end september traveled italy meeting officials politicians giving interviews press addressing large crowds efforts italy reported press italian language newspapers home returned new_york risen largely unknown local politician achieve public stature leader italian community based experience wrote book italy world war published social reforms italy new york state senate fought hard regulation informal immigrant banks banking agents handled money transfers abroad issue significant importance italian constituency families italy banking reform bill placed express companies steamship agencies transferred money abroad supervision annoyed powerful interests companies lines received death threats offers bribes drop legislation introduced senate hearings bill march devastating crash immigrant bank lower manhattan left angry losses million dollars result bills regulated sector signed law member known headed committee investigated renting building conditions ended rent raising result housing shortage world war group found housing conditions time constituted menace public health new_york persons directly affected affordable dwellings poor quality existing ones later chairman new_york state commission investigate child welfare member foremost force concerned issues custody child support state institutions pushed comprehensive reform legislature support social welfare advocate newspapers biographer reporter considered reform outstanding achievement career troublesome relationship italian grand master world war actively propagated nationalist cause italian control despite president wilson denial italian claims adriatic port 1920s tried ease rising tension italian american anti taking stance went rome meet impressed described commanding element highest order vowed correct image cautioned italian american saying american way preferred pro opposed policies grand branch started ambitious english language program means upward mobility italian american community according movement place united_states serve purpose italy said american citizens italian origin truly engaged reject incompatible american eventually joined founding anti fascist new york state chapter staunch supporter italian invasion october lobbied consideration jewish problem italy letter tried persuade italian dictator recent anti semitic legislation asked postpone execution drastic action reasonable time opportunity afforded appear present worthy cause result consequences america asked repeal anti jewish laws warned boycott italian goods new_york wrote live close relationship jewish people justice elections chairman influential sign rising authority post helped ready step italian born justice district remain death elected endorsement hall political machine social welfare organizations organized labor bar organizations immigrant ardent defender liberal interpretation law long time wake world war advocated stringent methods immigrants forced pay costs investigation qualifications argued need granting charter liberty thorough search capacity benefit gift recommended citizenship found guilty fraud wrongdoing earlier opposed anti immigration restrictions immigration act significantly limited immigration italy protested unnecessary stringent requirements proposed registration law particularly requirement equivalent public school education applicants citizen rights native born foreign feel like criminal pointed referred findings foreign born committed considerably crime native citizens attacked citizenship evil native born affected time claimed immigrants years bench death legacy july died following operation chest manhattan new_york age survived widow daughters married son prominent real estate developer people attended funeral cathedral including new_york mayor lieutenant governor district attorney new_york governor subject biography new american published life legislator judge earned reputation compassion social activism compassion work according new_york governor introduction biography introduced new era social relations immigrant native older americans obituary new_york_times described leader italian americans new_york defended ethnic italians americans italian descent urged need italian community stood italian ethnic judgment norms american society
Salvatore A. Cotillo