lily family english consists genera known species flowering plants order perennial plants family evolved fair morphological diversity despite genetic similarity common characteristics include large flowers parts arranged colored patterned arranged superior leaves linear shape veins usually arranged parallel edges single arranged alternating stem base species grown described lily family catch group fit families included great number genera included families cases orders consequently sources descriptions labelled deal broader sense family family evolved approximately million years ago late cretaceous early eras widely distributed mainly temperate regions flowers insect important ornamental plants widely grown attractive flowers involved major cut flowers dry species poisonous eaten adverse health effects humans household pets number genera popular cultivated plants private public spaces particular considerable symbolic decorative value appear frequently paintings decorative arts economically important product description diversity characteristics description morphology confused taxonomic classification centuries diversity considerable evolutionary significance members emerged shaded areas adapted open environment evolution general family characterised perennial case flowering plants simple root hairs roots flowers arranged stem developing base single flower tip stem cluster flowers contain male female characteristics mirror image flowers large colourful usually similar appear concentric groups striped multi coloured produce bases usually groups single groove placed attachment parts superior fused chambers single style stigma embryo sac type fruit generally wind dispersed capsule occasionally dispersed animals leaves generally simple elongated veins parallel edges arranged singly alternating stem form base stem specific usually lacking terminal flower reduced single terminal flower multiple flowers arranged cluster rarely spike slightly short secondary stem generally large present formed arranged separate parts free parts overlapping usually lines marks colors shades equal separate different united tube produced base free usually fused outer opposite outer inner opposite inner opposite outer attachment surface pseudo surrounding tip fused away center usually single groove lacking net patterned fused fused chambers single single style stigma elongated style numerous curved display usually thinner embryo sac varies genera mainly embryo fuse form nucleus referred type characteristic shared core fruit capsule usually splitting occasionally splitting separating wind dispersed form seeds flat angular ellipsoid spherical compressed developed exterior smooth wing ridge tails rarely dull shiny lack black distinguishes related taxa previously included family parallel generally separate seed coat thin like hard abundant contains non cells depending embryo sac type embryo small usually quarter seed volume linear longer broad rarely rudimentary tiny relative depending type straight bent curved upper end leaves simple entire smooth linear oval thread like parallel veins occasionally net alternate single alternating direction spiral attached arranged aerial stem basal rarely stem attached apex lack aerial stem include species largest size small numbers vary genus genera like small variable number subfamily larger stable number seeds contain calcium crystals acid unlike derived compounds distinguishing feature characteristic particular contains type isolated species contains characteristics vary habitat shade dwelling genera sun loving genera shade dwelling genera usually broader leaves smooth edges net fruits animal dispersed seeds small flowers genera native sunny habitats usually narrow parallel leaves fruits wind dispersed seeds large visually conspicuous flowers evolution taxonomy taxonomy complex history family described eighteenth century time genera added largest families extremely diverse modern taxonomic systems based phylogenetic principles molecular biology genera resulting relatively small family currently recognised consequently different accounts literature older uses term occur commonly distinguish latin terms frequently denote broader sense respectively history family described formally named defined grouping having equal colored parts superior single style capsule english acknowledged great diversity family expanded vastly subdivisions saw catch included orders hoped future reveal characteristic group better recognized genera species time major british classification published latin families absorbed time increasingly broadly somewhat defined species plants superior eventually coming encompass genera species order system merged making largest families echoed earlier concerns phylogeny schemes divide family gained little traction suggested fact families distributed orders predominantly context general review classification subjected intense scrutiny considerable progress plant phylogeny phylogenetic theory enabled phylogenetic tree constructed flowering plants elaborated classification phylogeny rapid progress establishing modern classification flowering plants despite establishing relative degree genetic family morphology remains diverse exists clade grouping number particularly enigmatic genera genera subfamily form morphological group characterised roots type embryo sac closely related form considered separate tribe major grouping consists genera including including characterised styles divided development type simple embryo sac evolution development phylogenetic approach taxonomy suggested formed earliest molecular analysis indicates divergence probably occurred million years ago closest sister family separating million years ago arose late cretaceous early periods major evolutionary include time appeared north_america subsequently dispersed fossils dated cretaceous eras probably arose shade plants subsequent evolution open areas including deciduous forest open period return species accompanied shift flowers production fruit narrower parallel leaves reversal broader leaves occurred subdivisions genera subdivisions diversity originally broadly defined attempts form classifications tribes classifications published use molecular methods taken narrower view phylogeny website recognizes divided tribes genera authorities delta differ exact number genera included generally sixteen genera depending included instance listed separately currently lists genera arranged shown table largest genera species tribe etymology family named type genus latin lily turn came greek distribution habitat widely distributed mainly temperate regions centre diversity southwest asia china distribution diverse mainly plains alpine meadows deciduous forests mediterranean arctic provide examples ornamental types representing continental zones region characterised cessation underground growth high temperatures early summer requiring low winter temperatures spring flowering genera shade dwelling prefer open habitat ecology diverse species bloom times spring late summer colorful flowers produce large amounts attract insects particularly bees butterflies seeds dispersed wind water species seeds structure dispersed ants predators subject wide variety diseases including insects beetles flies fungi animals mice deer important garden pest scarlet lily beetle japanese red lily beetle species attack species food plants major pest fungus susceptible group family specifically named potato virus group includes breaking virus lily streak virus lily virus resulting breaking color flowers transmitted breaking effect economic importance seventeenth century appeared producing new varieties modern times breeders produced varieties mimic effect virus infected varieties known dutch artist contemporary owners commonly artists paint flowers preserve broken known time modern variety princess breaking named breaking virus cultivation species genera grown ornamental plants worldwide genera wide range developed breeding generally outdoor gardens displays common flowering plants induced bloom indoors particularly winter months form significant cut flower market particular cultivated tenth century persia production main markets cut flowers turn meet demand parks gardens home use secondly provide necessary cut flower production international trade cut flowers approximate total value billion provides indication economic importance activity main producer netherlands country accounts global cultivated area approximately hectares leading producers include japan france poland approximately countries produce commercial largely domestic market contrast netherlands leading international producer extent billion cut flower market remainder dry market cut flowers domestic market netherlands remainder exported original species obtained ornamental purposes referred species botanical tend smaller plants better cultivated forms breeding programs produced wide range types enabling longer season creating early mid- late spring varieties fourteen distinct types available addition botanical including lily fringed addition season varieties differ shape height exhibit wide range colours pure combination largest area production global cultivated area followed france chile japan united_states new_zealand australia approximately countries produce commercially altogether half commercial production cut flowers countries export supplying domestic market produces million lily annually domestically remainder exported principally european_union particularly important crop production white flowers associated purity easter species obtained commercially majority commercially available represent products diverse program resulted separate classification including asian oriental addition wide variety heights obtained colours combinations colours properly selected produce extensive season early summer autumn history species lily previously classified family bear lily genus family variety species early spring ornamental flowers vary large crown imperial available number colours yellow orange relatively tiny species patterns common popular yellow flowers lily sold mixture propagation methods propagation include sexual reproduction commercial usually sterile sexual reproduction seeds propagation plant create hybrids years produce flowering plants cross occurs overlapping wild populations create natural hybrids reproduction daughter form mother detached techniques including tissue culture formed parent plant stem scaling twin scaling increase production slower growing varieties multiple scales detached single tissue culture produce genetic clones parent plant maintaining genetic integrity usually require year flowering commercially plants propagated planted grow plants large sell members food sources humans species poisonous household pets eaten cause complications failure cats particularly dogs develop effects problems central nervous system depression contain poisonous deadly quantity species edible cause skin presence found flowers leaves stems toxic variety animals uses extracts traditional chinese medicine latin particularly lily food china parts asia world war starvation conditions netherlands hunger winter led food eaten native americans settlers utah starvation members family food include leaves roots culture type genus lily long history literature art tradition symbolism popular female floral emblem particularly france cultivation described ninth century ordered grown imperial palaces lily historically applied wide variety plants genus lily appears ancient literature associated sovereignty innocence mentioned number occasions bible description solomon song songs rose lily valleys like lily young women gospel consider field grow spin represent beauty artistic representations found far second century early christian churches decorated predominantly depicted white seen red white lily long seen symbol purity coming associated virgin mary middle ages came madonna lily known example bears madonna lily symbolic meanings include glory love birth lily lily flower long associated royalty originally derived form iris associated head spear parts associated classes society alternatively faith wisdom exact come associated france french monarchy earliest kings consequently incorporated french devices jurisdictions historic french influence quebec new_orleans modern times appears forms symbolic decorative indicate direction north scouting movement long cultural tradition particularly islamic world persian word borrowed turkish arabic arabic letters written letters denote god symbolically widely decorative motifs tiles islamic art ottoman_empire particular revered poetry twelfth century essential gardens persia having cultivated leaders originated moved persia west took turkey escaped cultivation today number places turkey called appeared decorative arts turkey thirteenth century flourished ottomans particular royal palaces adopted symbol species collected persia spreading ottoman_empire saw culture spread sixteenth century national symbol designation era time economic importance trade reached europe shipment antwerp mistaken vegetables cultivated portugal appeared illustration flowers seen netherlands spread rapidly europe seventeenth century important trading item initially france concentrating netherlands eventually speculative trading intense cause financial bubble eventually collapsed period known similar ottoman_empire era associated netherlands things dutch period growing indoors devised golden age dutch painting images festivals held world spring famous display better known novels dealing contest grow black late seventeenth century floral instance county flower lily official state flower utah
Liliaceae