czech croatian hungarian italian breed horse closely associated austria demonstrate high school movements classical including highly controlled stylized jumps movements known airs ground horses trained traditional methods date hundreds years based principles classical breed dates 16th century developed support nobility breed takes earliest stud farms established located near village spelled italian modern day breed endangered numerous times warfare sweeping europe including war coalition world war world war rescue world war american troops famous disney movie miracle white disney movie starred played supporting roles movies shows books media today recognized foundation breed late 18th early 19th centuries modern trace breeding included foundation classic mare lines recognized breed majority horses registered member organizations covers horses countries state europe majority reside europe smaller numbers americas africa australia generally gray color muscular breed matures slowly long lived characteristics measure hands inches horses bred closer original carriage horse type taller approaching hands inches long head straight slightly convex profile jaw deep ears small eyes large expressive nostrils neck arched low muscular broad baroque type horse wide deep chest broad muscular shoulder tail carried high set legs strong broad joints defined feet tend small tough horses tend mature slowly live active longer breeds horses performing difficult exercises living color aside rare solid colored horse usually bay black gray like gray horses black skin dark eyes adult horses white hair coat gray horses including born dark usually bay black lighter year process takes place process complete years age actually true white horses common white horse born white skin 18th century coat colors including bay chestnut black gray dominant gene gray color preferred royal family color emphasized breeding practices small breed population color deliberately selected desirable feature came color overwhelming majority horses long standing tradition bay stallion residence tradition continued present day history ancestors traced approximately earliest predecessors originated 7th century horses brought spain crossed native spanish stock result horse horse breeds 16th century ruled spain austria powerful horse desired military uses use fashionable rapidly growing riding schools nobility central europe emperor brought spanish horse austria founded court stud brother established similar stud located modern day breed obtained village derives word meaning tree spanish arabian stock crossed succeeding generations crossed extinct breed italy baroque horses spanish descent obtained germany denmark breeding stock exchanged specialized producing heavy carriage horses riding light carriage horses came stud beginning near austria main stud horses vienna breeding selective allowing proved stand stud breeding passed rigorous performance testing foundation horses today maximum foundation lines recognized refer divided groups trace classical foundation 18th 19th centuries stud additional lines historic boundaries classical gray spanish stallion black stallion gray stallion stud spanish dam descendants today trace hungary stallion stud bay stallion gray arabian stallion originally syria additional stallion lines found croatia hungary eastern european countries north_america accepted equal classical lines black stallion baroque type spanish pedigree croatian stud farm owned stallion spanish lines bred sold hungarian stud farm stallion lines died years early breeding horses addition foundation stallion lines classic mare lines exist today mare lines recognized organizations traditional naming patterns required breed traditionally given names line second dam example horse mare named austria horse line tracing foundation names chosen traditional line names required end letter world famous uses highly trained public performances demonstrate classical movements training spanish riding hall built oldest kind world located vienna austria takes original spanish heritage horses commissioned building vienna building completed remains home today wartime preservation endured wartime history saved breed extinction march war coalition horses evacuated journey gave birth november horses returned stables ruins rebuilt horses evacuated napoleon invaded austria remained away stud years returning april following treaty horses evacuated times unsettled period followed resulting loss horses destruction written documented horses prior horses finally returned good remained rest 19th century evacuation 20th century occurred horses evacuated world war placed following war austro hungarian empire broken italy animals divided different new postwar nations austria italy hungary czechoslovakia romania yugoslavia nation austria kept breeding stock austrian breeding stock consolidated world war high command nazi_germany transferred europe breeding stock czechoslovakia breeding stock taken additional european nations arrived evacuated austria vienna january bombing raids neared city head colonel feared horses danger spring horses threatened advancing soviet army slaughtered animals horse meat captured facility rescue united_states_army famous disney movie miracle white occurred parts command general near spring learned area like competed olympic games exhibition war conclusion requested horses protection army tank unit command colonel discovered horses allied prisoners war occupied april operation cowboy rescue known resulted recovery horses including learned raid arranged fly american soldiers began riding horses miles border germany eventually settled temporary quarters breeding stock returned returned celebrated 60th anniversary rescue touring united_states croatian war independence horses stable croatia taken serbs horses remained calls began returned country origin october horses returned croatia modern breed breed suffered setback population viral epidemic hit horses percent expected crop lost population stud increased stud crop born rate successful pregnancy birth increased result new center study funded assessed horses stud farms europe goal developing scientifically based description horse study mitochondrial dna performed animals studied found contain known known modern horses meaning high degree genetic diversity expected known mare families included large number different breeds including european breeds international governing organization breed composed national private organizations representing organizations work banner promote breed maintain standards registered residing private breeders countries state europe largest number europe registered horses followed americas africa australia horses state represent quarter horses europe romania greatest number horses followed austria hungary italy croatia slovakia smaller bosnia having horses serbia having educational programs developed order promote breed foster adherence traditional breeding objectives status breed horse developed stud located borders recognized national animal example pair featured cent euro coins mounted regiments police italy employ mounts october visit named given queen elizabeth_ii united_kingdom decided leave animal care stud farm training uses traditional horse training methods developed based principles classical turn traces ancient greek writer works rediscovered 16th century thoughts development horses mental attitude considered applicable today writers strongly influenced training methods include founder riding academy naples lived 16th century 17th 18th centuries methods training passed oral tradition field marshal school published initial guidelines training horse rider school mid-20th century wrote number works serve textbooks riders today principles taught based practices taught cavalry riders prepare horses warfare young come training years old training takes average years horse schooling considered complete mastered skills required perform school progressively difficult skill sets taught forward riding called straight riding given skills taught year training young horse learns learns basic commands line taught ridden arena simple straight lines turns teach correct responses rider legs hands mounted main goal time develop free forward movement natural position possible campaign school horse learns collection balance turns maneuvers horse learns stride perform lateral movements introduced complex double longest training phase years high school includes riding horse greater collection increased use developing increased skill natural period horse learns advanced movements half pass counter flying change passage horse taught airs ground level emphasizes performance high degree perfection trains driving saddle exclusively uses performances worldwide today competes driving retaining classic position airs ground airs ground difficult high school movements famous finished movements include position horse raises legs standing degree angle entirely hind legs controlled form requires great deal strength difficult related movement horse rises degree angle movement horse hind legs essentially jumping ground hind legs jump place stallion leaps air kicks hind legs jump movements include predecessors horse jumps fore hind legs remaining body kick horse jumps hind legs slightly kick hind feet visible viewed rear series successive horse ground rising achieving forward motion movement longer popular culture starred played supporting roles movies shows books media film stars based novel written wife film producer owned time movie rescue world war depicted movie miracle white movie live action relatively realistic film set world war backdrop disney produced feature film discussion main characters came spain portugal born white black represent film suppressed racial conflict dividing world main powers cold war television programs featuring include children television series produced yugoslavia germany broadcast united_kingdom followed adventures teenage girl visits farm horses raised books poems mention star dutch writer published book history 20th century perspective horses brother perfect horse novel star horses key elements plot setting play crucial role novel airs ground henry children novel white stallion 1960s poet wrote poem dedicated horses june released mercury flight story stallion book series season episode angry fancy confesses lifelong dream stallion concert promoter owned filed chapter bankruptcy permanently closed new movie based world war evacuation nazi breeding farm expected hit theaters december
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