commonly known butter foot species fungus family described new_york fungus found eastern asia central_america eastern north_america canada florida mycorrhizal species typically grows association oak beech trees fruit bodies mushrooms formed fungus convex nearly flat caps wide stems long thick feature net like ridges upper portion brownish upper cap entire surface mushroom yellow edible distinguished similar yellow differences color degree stem distribution taxonomy species originally described american mycologist collected type specimen new_york proposed variety var new combination described taxon regarded distinct species reported finding specimen species described mount pennsylvania suggested valid species distinguished deeper brown cap color yellow flesh fade white stem orange yellow color extensive conceded clear morphological characteristics overlap collections needed clarify differences couple years later convinced stance considered taxonomic authorities index recognize genus classified section species section characterized having dry cap surface texture ranging smooth somewhat yellow flesh stem mild taste north american section include specific epithet means golden yellow foot commonly known butter foot description cap convex shape somewhat maturity diameter cap surface dry texture ranging finely nearly smooth colored yellowish brown chestnut brown grayish brown cap color fades age similarly flesh initially yellow fades whitish maturity unlike species surfaces internal tissue turns blue injured exposed air odor taste mushroom distinctive initially pale yellow yellow surface develops olive matures depressed near stem pores circular angular minute typically wide tubes deep golden yellow stem long thick young stems typically club shaped somewhat mushroom grows mature stems club shaped nearly equal width stem dry solid hollow features yellow upper portion base stem buff color fruit body partial veil ring stem edible mushrooms produce spore prints yellow brown especially fresh prints olive brown smooth yellowish spores measure range shape roughly somewhat shaped basidia spore bearing cells club shaped spored measure cellular arrangement cap cuticle hyphae emerge roughly parallel like hairs perpendicular surface cap consisting erect hyphae diameter similar species field characteristics distinguish potential species include yellowish brown chestnut brown cap surface paler age yellow flesh stain blue stem similar appearance honey yellow bright yellow yellow cap conspicuous stem limited range covering florida west texas var brown cap texture like velvet somewhat resembles species colored cap orange brownish orange yellowish variable degrees stem similar color scheme lacks stem bears superficial resemblance coloration rican species known limited area northern species distinguished lack upper half stem brown salmon pink reaction stem response handling sterile margin prominent set apart darker cap tubes lack olive stem prominent extending base contrast cap surface lacks olive tubes distribution habitat mycorrhizal fruits singly scattered groups ground trees especially oak beech recorded mountain laurel typically forms fruit bodies june november distribution fungi found eastern asia eastern north_america north_america relatively common range fungus extends alaska south mexico east new_york central_america recorded belize mushroom recorded taiwan china including japan reported time russian far east
Boletus auripes