video game arcade game developed released game feature player cooperative play successful predecessors popularized concept player uses button control knight riding flying object progress levels defeating groups enemy knights riding led development team included newcomer aimed create flying game cooperative player gameplay wanted avoid space theme popular time staff worked technical limitations hardware originally developed years earlier williams game defender excluding concepts visuals game received arcades critics praised gameplay mechanics influenced titles developers followed sequel years later ported numerous home portable platforms gameplay game player controls yellow knight riding flying person perspective way directional button wings player flies knight amidst floating rock platforms pools lava maneuvering screen player continue path opposite rate player repeatedly presses button causes fly upward slowly descend home console versions use game controllers directional pads analog sticks computer ports use keyboard objective defeat groups enemy knights riding level referred wave completing wave subsequent challenging wave begins players navigate knight enemies elevation enemy relation player knight determines outcome collision protagonist higher enemy villain defeated vice versa collision equal elevations results knights bouncing defeated enemy turn egg falls screen player collect points egg sits platform long hatch new knight player pick gain new mount defeated game features types enemy knights hunter shadow lord worth different amounts points appear time frame hunt hero second player controlling blue knight join game players complete waves attack defeating enemies development developed lead designer programmer artists assisted handled audio design game features sound graphics inch color monitor like williams arcade games programmed assembly language pack batteries provide power save game settings high scores machine electrical outlet cabinet artwork wooden frame designed artwork promotional materials featured archaic english incorporated game screen instructions conception following success title defender williams searched new creative staff believing video games future entertainment newcomer left job toy designer work company hired create game ideas support development staff days generated list ideas included game ideas war worlds newcomer choices technical specifications dictated selection newcomer vision war worlds accomplished williams available hardware development team formed decided create game defender hardware newcomer conceived flying game cooperative player gameplay wish emulate popular space theme previous successful flying games like defender end newcomer list things fly machines animals fictional characters evaluating positive negative idea chose birds believing wide appeal newcomer felt birds good fit familiar fantasy science fiction media featuring birds increase understanding newcomer went library study mythology felt primary protagonist ride majestic bird choice eagle lack graceful land mobility designer instead newcomer chose thought flying believable running eagle differentiate second player characters developers picked believing proportions similar color difference avoid confusion players newcomer chose main enemies believing evil created concept art characters guidance design creative technical design decision use birds prompted newcomer standard direction implemented mechanism allow players control character ascent descent vertical direction controlled arcade cabinet button way added horizontal direction williams employees concerned design newcomer believed direct control scheme flight strengthen connection player character combat devised allow higher levels strategy traditional shooting games flying integral gameplay element chose characters means combat newcomer felt characters heights screen best way determine victor developers created game memory limited file size individual graphics sound effects use memory limits prohibited newcomer creating characters graphics created level hand animated birds book animals motion reference given limited memory balance number frames minimize file size maintaining realistic animation originally picked gray chose green instead color palette developers colors create visuals colors decided character sprites newcomer finalized look platforms hardware limited audio capabilities sounds typically required larger amounts memory graphics working restrictions newcomer instructed murphy focus select sounds deemed important reinforcing gameplay reasoned audio serve conspicuous hints players use adjust strategy newcomer wing sound effects like related collisions hatching eggs considered important designing levels newcomer added platforms environment combat devised static game world chosen scrolling world showcase visual textures applied platforms hardware easily display textures scrolling team felt displaying environment aid players game world element lava pit hand reaching destroy characters close newcomer placed platforms enemy artificial intelligence factors attack patterns based partly platform knight enemies designed exhibit progressively aggressive behavior fly environment randomly occasionally reacting protagonist hunters seek player character effort shadow lords fly quickly closer screen designed fly higher close protagonist increase shadow lord chances victory player designed attack idle players difficult defeat vulnerability attacking creature open mouth specific animation frame newcomer designed quickly fly upward moment approaching player waiting edge platform prevent easy defeat enemy processing graphics game gives priority player characters enemies result enemies begin react slowly number screen sprites increases game team discovered animation bug described belly flop flaw allows players force impassable small gap adjacent platforms close elevation provided interesting method perform sneak attack opponent gap developers decided defect fix newcomer attributed inclusion excessive limited time available find solution second bug allows easily defeated discovered game distributed newcomer designed game dimension mind day game finished altered improve appearance new allowed easily defeated number times player sit center single enemy knight caught indefinitely hand lava kill unlimited number simply turning face entered screen rapid ending sequence flaw player quickly accumulate high score large lives significant skill required learning flaw williams shipped new rom arcade distributors complaints reception legacy given different control scheme williams concerned game unsuccessful arcades hesitant purchase game reason sold williams eventually shipped units electronic games described popular cocktail table version later released engineered differs cocktail games features seating opposing sides setup allowed williams use rom chip upright collector items upright common cocktail version rare sought game units manufactured popular culture parodied popular culture references appear episode mountain code episode gamers video games mortal world author considered memorable games time author agreed stated game remains enjoyable day listed number arcade game technical creative cultural impact writer called exotic praised animation gamespy classic gaming wrote despite concept described incredibly stupid appealing game good controls competitive gameplay commented multiplayer aspect differentiated game time described fun multiplayer games precursor video game writer praised game physics calling beautifully realised described williams remarkable loved titles computer video games writer called game weird wonderful author praised competitive player gameplay attributed game appeal mechanism described example innovative risk absent current video game industry retrospect newcomer commended williams management taking risk game game garnered praise industry professionals lauded gameplay describing unique intuitive fusion learning systems praised mechanism microsoft enjoyed multi player aspect features prominently book science fiction novel game games cultural artifacts 1980s vast virtual universe called oasis setting story sequels remakes version released designed game includes artwork themes arcade version addition single player gameplay features competitive player gameplay players opposing sides machine fewer machines produced arcade sequel survival released features similar gameplay new elements vertical screen ported nintendo_entertainment_system programmed platforms consoles bit home computers entertainment_weekly called games dos versions released released small version mobile phone version released omitted control scheme web based version classic arcade games published years later launched website featuring versions game included multi platform compilations greatest_hits midway greatest arcade hits midway arcade treasures compilation titles game boy midway arcade treasures extended play playstation portable released digital distribution xbox live arcade included compilation remakes development released previously unreleased prototypes surfaced classic gaming expo las_vegas adaptation dimensional graphics port original bonus development titled eventually canceled newcomer pitched updated version arcade game game boy advance midway games company prototype featured multi directional scrolling detailed graphics based renders new gameplay mechanics optioned movie rights productions planned expand game element film premise described script meets set years future commented action oriented film appeal general audience movie planned tent pole movie graphic novel media franchise release considered video game adaptation film expected release date set june later pushed video game company filed chapter bankruptcy purchased midway assets including intent develop movie adaptations clones titles developers feature gameplay copies builds design feature elements 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Joust (video game)