tennessee walking horse tennessee walking horse breed horse known unique beat running walk movement originally developed southern united_states use farms plantations popular riding horse calm disposition smooth sure seen ring popular pleasure trail riding horse english western equipment seen movies television shows performances breed developed late 18th century canadian eastern united_states crossed spanish texas breeds later added named considered foundation breed born formed closed tennessee walking horse national celebration held annual event recent years attracted considerable attention controversy basic categories tennessee walking horse competition called flat performance differentiated desired leg action flat horses wearing regular exhibit exaggerated movement performance horses wear built pads weighted action devices creating called big style action devices prohibited shows sanctioned breed organizations breed affected prohibits practice abusive practices enhance movement prized ring occur today despite law controversy continuing practices led split breed community criminal charges number individuals creation separate breed organizations breed characteristics modern tennessee walking horse described refined elegant built tall horse long neck head defined small placed ears breed averages hands inches high pounds shoulders hip long sloping short strong moderate thickness depth acceptable hind legs slightly cow found solid colors patterns common colors bay black chestnut found colors caused genes champagne cream silver genes patterns include reputation having calm disposition naturally smooth riding horses famous movement popular trail pleasure riding best known running walk beat pattern regular flat walk significantly faster horse performing flat walk moves miles hour kilometres hour running walk allows horse travel miles hour kilometres hour running walk horse rear feet prints feet inches centimetres longer prized tennessee walking horse breed performing running walk horse head rhythm flat running walks main performed tennessee walking horses members breed perform variations lateral including rack stepping pace fox single foot pleasure riding ring tennessee walking horses long reaching stride history tennessee walker originated horses brought kentucky starting crossed spanish imported texas horses bred limestone central tennessee originally known tennessee originally purpose horses farms plantations riding pulling racing known smooth sure rocky tennessee terrain american blood added breed later known born stallion family morgan mare named foundation tennessee walking horse breed failure horse insistence pacing instead breeding line named born able perform successful horse turn famous tennessee walking horses formed changed current tennessee walking horse breeders stud book closed meaning date tennessee walker parents registered eligible registration recognized distinct breed named official state horse state tennessee common breed kentucky american quarter horse horses registered life annual new common southern southeastern found country uses tennessee walker noted appearance horse events particularly performances saddle seat style english riding equipment popular trail riding horse endurance riding promote use maintains awards program conjunction breed seen television movies performing events horse silver times played tennessee walker trigger successor original trigger famous played tennessee walker named position mascot traveler held times tennessee walking horse tennessee walker arabian cross 20th century crossed welsh create american walking pony pony breed horse shows basic categories tennessee walking horse competition called flat performance flat horses compete different disciplines western english shows divisions offered flat plantation pleasure division judged brilliance presence horses balanced park pleasure animated flat divisions flat horses shown ordinary allowed use pads action devices trimmed slightly lower angle natural toe seen stock horse breeds performance horses called built exhibit animated lifting high ground step exaggerated action called big horses riders saddle seat attire horses double triple nailed pads called form prohibited shows governed horses western classes wear equipment similar breeds western pleasure classes mix english western style equipment riders wear hat helmet western classes shown pleasure fine harness driving classes similar saddle seat horses tennessee walking horses typically shown long tail artificially set tails seen performance classes grown horses classes harness classes generally allowed pleasure flat competition classes horses turned saddle seat equipment typical horse shown single curb bit bit inches double common saddle seat breeds riders wear typical saddle seat attire hats mandatory use safety helmets allowed ranges strongly encouraged required pleasure division classes horse protection act showing exhibition sale tennessee walking horses horse breeds governed hpa concerns practice developed 1950s widespread 1960s resulting public outcry congress passed declaring practice cruel act prohibits entering horse sale auction exhibition prohibits drivers transporting horses sale congress delegated statutory responsibility enforcement management sales horse shows placed administration act animal violations hpa result criminal charges fines prison sentences certain train license complete inspection teams include investigators medical officers conduct horse shows authority license follow standards act defined hpa meanings irritating agent applied internally externally person limb horse burn cut inflicted person limb horse nail screw chemical agent injected person person limb horse substance device person limb horse person engaged practice involving horse result application injection use practice horse suffers reasonably expected suffer physical pain distress walking action devices remain legal conjunction illegal practices defined code federal regulations boot collar chain roller device placed lower leg horse manner rotate leg slide leg cause friction strike band joint research undertaken effect applications chemical physical legs tennessee walking horses study found chains weight combination chemical produced pain horses chains lighter produced pain tissue damage changes detected observing horse assessing stance lower legs trainers trick training horses react pain cause severely horse area touched practice called reference horse steward trainers use timed wear horse goes ring pressure eliminating use chemicals altogether trainers sore horses observed leaving grounds find stringent federal inspection teams present illegal federal law years practiced criminal charges filed people violate act enforcement hpa difficult limited inspection budgets problems enforcement hired shows police result certified organizations remained certified known actively working end legislation amend strengthen hpa introduced congress president executive committee voted support legislation board directors chose bill sponsored representative representative sponsors november hearing held supporters included members opponents included members tennessee commissioner agriculture rules organizations controversies rules concerns breed industry compliance resulted development multiple governing organizations breed registry kept promotes riding disciplines breed horse shows currently recognize tennessee walking horse shows banned use action devices time class organization group dedicated preservation original mainly use trail pleasure horses showing horses listed organization descend foundation registered include horses shown organizations formed promote exhibition flat horses promotes naturally horses sanctioned horse shows rule book official affiliate organization breed sanctions horse shows licenses judges authorized process building tracking registry document pedigree performance achievements horses recorded included breeds sued eventually won concessions use registry certificates judgment prohibit continuing registry service longer actively advertised website organization promotes exhibition flat horses licenses judges pleasure classes promotes use horses distance riding sport horse activities authorized organizations rules horse shows action devices allowed sound horses honest judging objective winning fairly celebration tennessee held august considered showcase competition breed recent years celebration attracted large amounts attention controversy concerns violations
Tennessee Walking Horse