cyclone cyclone large scale air mass strong center low atmospheric pressure usually characterized inward winds rotate clockwise large scale cyclones centered low pressure areas largest low pressure systems polar extratropical cyclones largest scale scale according national_hurricane_center warm core cyclones tropical cyclones subtropical cyclones lie scale tornadoes dust lie smaller upper level cyclones exist presence surface low pinch base summer months cyclones seen extraterrestrial planets mars neptune cyclogenesis describes process cyclone formation intensification extratropical cyclones begin waves large regions enhanced mid latitude temperature contrasts called zones zones contract form weather fronts cyclonic circulation closes later life cycle extratropical cyclones cold air mass warmer air cold core systems cyclone track guided course day life cycle steering flow subtropical jet stream weather fronts separate masses air different associated prominent meteorological phenomena air masses separated differ temperature humidity strong cold fronts typically feature narrow bands thunderstorms severe weather occasion preceded lines dry lines form west circulation center generally west east warm fronts form east cyclone center usually preceded precipitation fog ahead cyclone path fronts form late cyclone life cycle near center cyclone wrap storm center tropical cyclogenesis describes process development tropical cyclones tropical cyclones form heat driven significant thunderstorm activity warm core cyclones transition extratropical subtropical tropical phases form warm core cyclones land lead tornado formation form develop environments high instability low vertical wind shear atlantic northeastern pacific oceans tropical cyclone generally referred hurricane ancient central american deity wind indian south pacific oceans called cyclone northwestern pacific called typhoon structure number structural characteristics common cyclones cyclone low pressure area cyclone center known mature tropical cyclone eye area lowest atmospheric pressure region near center pressure gradient force pressure center cyclone compared pressure outside cyclone force effect approximate balance cyclone collapse result difference pressure effect wind flow large cyclone clockwise fastest winds relative surface earth occur eastern northward moving cyclone northern westward moving opposite occurs contrast low pressure systems wind flow high pressure systems clockwise northern hemisphere southern hemisphere formation cyclogenesis development strengthening cyclonic circulation atmosphere cyclogenesis umbrella term different processes result development sort cyclone occur scales scale extratropical cyclones begin waves weather fronts later life cycle cold core systems intense extratropical cyclones warm core systems warm occurs tropical cyclones form result significant convective activity warm core form warm core cyclones land lead tornado formation form develop environments high instability low vertical wind shear opposite cyclogenesis high pressure system equivalent deals formation high pressure areas surface low form variety ways topography create surface low convective systems spawn surface lows initially warm core disturbance grow wave like formation low positioned crest low flow cyclonic flow polar air west low warm air east cold appear west warm form east usually cold quicker pace warm catch slow erosion higher density air mass located ahead cyclone addition higher density air mass sweeping cyclone higher pressure cold air mass cold takes warm reduces length warm point forms warm air mass pushed upwards trough warm air aloft known tropical cyclogenesis term describes development strengthening tropical cyclone mechanisms tropical cyclogenesis occurs distinctly different produce mid latitude cyclones tropical cyclogenesis development warm core cyclone begins significant convection favorable atmospheric environment main requirements tropical cyclogenesis sufficiently warm sea surface temperatures atmospheric instability high humidity lower middle levels force develop low pressure center low level focus disturbance low vertical wind shear average tropical cyclones tropical storm intensity form annually worldwide reaching hurricane typhoon strength intense tropical cyclones category intensity saffir simpson hurricane scale scale following types cyclones identifiable charts surface based types main types surface based cyclones extratropical cyclones subtropical cyclones tropical cyclones extratropical cyclone extratropical cyclone scale low pressure weather system tropical characteristics connected fronts horizontal vertical temperature point known zones extratropical applied cyclones outside tropics middle latitudes systems described mid latitude cyclones area formation post tropical cyclones tropical cyclone moved extratropical transition tropics described depressions lows weather forecasters general public everyday phenomena anti cyclones drive weather earth extratropical cyclones classified form zones temperature gradient late life cycle temperature distribution cyclone fairly uniform radius extratropical cyclone transform subtropical storm tropical cyclone warm waters sufficient warm core result develops central convection particularly intense type extratropical cyclone strikes winter known colloquially easter polar low polar low small scale short lived atmospheric low pressure system depression found ocean areas main polar northern polar lows cold core considered extratropical cyclones polar lows identified meteorological satellite imagery available 1960s revealed small scale cloud high latitudes active polar lows found certain ice free maritime areas near arctic winter gulf alaska polar lows dissipate rapidly landfall systems tend weaker northern counterparts air sea temperature differences continent generally smaller vigorous polar lows found winter cold core lows temperatures mid levels reach open waters deep convection forms allows polar low development possible systems usually horizontal length scale kilometres exist couple days larger class weather systems polar lows difficult detect conventional weather reports hazard high latitude operations shipping gas oil platforms polar lows referred terms polar vortex arctic hurricane arctic low cold air depression today term usually reserved vigorous systems near surface winds subtropical subtropical cyclone weather system characteristics tropical cyclone characteristics extratropical cyclone form equator 50th parallel early 1950s unclear characterized tropical cyclones extratropical cyclones terms quasi tropical semi tropical describe cyclone hybrids national_hurricane_center officially recognized cyclone category subtropical cyclones began receive names official tropical cyclone list broad wind patterns maximum sustained winds located farther center typical tropical cyclones exist areas weak moderate temperature gradient form extratropical cyclones colder temperatures aloft normally found tropics sea surface temperatures required degrees formation degrees lower tropical cyclones means subtropical cyclones likely form outside traditional bounds hurricane season subtropical storms rarely hurricane force winds tropical nature warm tropical tropical cyclone storm system characterized low pressure center numerous thunderstorms produce strong winds flooding rain tropical cyclone feeds heat released moist air rises resulting water contained moist air fueled different heat mechanism cyclonic european polar lows leading classification warm core storm systems term tropical refers geographic origin systems form exclusively tropical regions globe dependence air masses formation term cyclone refers storms cyclonic nature rotation clockwise rotation depending location strength tropical cyclones referred names hurricane typhoon tropical storm cyclonic storm tropical depression simply cyclone tropical cyclones produce extremely powerful winds torrential rain able produce high waves damaging storm surge winds increase wave size draw heat moisture system increasing strength develop large bodies warm water lose strength land reason coastal regions receive significant damage tropical cyclone inland regions relatively safe strong winds heavy rains produce significant flooding inland storm rises sea level caused reduced pressure core effect water upward winds effect pile water storm produce extensive coastal flooding kilometres coastline effects human populations devastating tropical cyclones relieve drought conditions carry heat energy away tropics transport temperate latitudes makes important global atmospheric circulation mechanism result tropical cyclones help maintain earth tropical cyclones develop atmospheric conditions weak disturbance atmosphere favorable form types cyclones acquire tropical characteristics tropical systems moved steering winds conditions remain favorable tropical disturbance develop eye end spectrum conditions system deteriorate tropical cyclone makes landfall system weaken eventually dissipate tropical cyclone extratropical moves higher latitudes energy source changes heat released differences temperature air masses tropical cyclone usually considered subtropical extratropical transition upper level types polar cyclone polar sub polar arctic cyclone known polar vortex vast area low pressure winter summer polar cyclone low pressure weather system usually spanning kilometres kilometres air direction northern hemisphere clockwise direction southern hemisphere acceleration acting air masses moving high altitude causes circulation high altitude movement air originates air circulation polar cell polar low driven convection tropical cyclones cold warm air mass interactions extratropical cyclones artifact global air movement polar cell base polar low mid upper polar cyclone centers average center lies near northeast siberia southern hemisphere tends located near edge ross ice shelf near west polar vortex strong effect felt surface westerly wind east polar cyclone weak significant cold occur cell specific circumstances upper level cold lows break base located mid ocean summer months upper cyclonic known cells lows usually slowly east northeast west southwest bases generally extend feet altitude weak inverted surface trough trade wind generally found underneath associated broad areas high level clouds downward development results increase clouds appearance surface vortex rare cases warm core tropical cyclones upper cyclones upper trail tropical cyclones cause additional outflow channels aid intensification developing tropical disturbances help create upper upper lows wake outflow jet developing tropical disturbance cyclone following types cyclones identifiable charts vortex air kilometres kilometres diameter convective storm air rises vertical axis usually direction low pressure systems northern southern hemisphere cyclonic associated localized low pressure region storms feature strong surface winds severe hail occur tornadoes form form annually united_states half produce tornadoes tornado tornado violently rotating column air contact surface earth cloud rare cases base cloud referred term america cyclones word cyclone wider sense closed low pressure circulation dust devil dust devil strong formed relatively long lived ranging small half metre wide metres tall large metres wide metres tall primary vertical motion upward dust usually harmless rare occasions grow large pose threat people property vortex forming water common form non tornado water connected cloud weaker land counterparts stronger versions spawned occur steam devil gentle vortex calm water wet land visible rising water fire fire colloquially known fire devil fire tornado fire induced fire flame ash climate change scientists warn climate change increase intensity climate change projections difference temperature ocean heat source cyclones storm tops cold parts cyclones likely increase climate change predicted increase frequency high intensity storms selected ocean basins effect changing climate having tropical storms remains largely unresolved scientists president devastation caused pam aggravated climate change planets cyclones unique earth cyclonic storms common planets neptune diameter great dark spot received nickname wizard eye looks like eye appearance caused white cloud middle wizard eye mars exhibited cyclonic storms storms like usually mistakenly named giant hurricanes cyclonic storms inaccurate fact phenomenon anticyclone
Cyclone