catholic bishop death writer noted teaching radical idea time teachings attacked written works early career imperial court thought spain belief origins accusations claimed disciple bishop foothills spanish known personally bishop condemned teaching certain disciple spain uncertain received education archbishop probably tells future emperor convinced study concentrate certain portions scripture studied king called court emperor called louis surviving legitimate son court crowned heir following year died louis ruler brought empire capital city gave lectures emperor court urged lectures writing emperor member elite circle secular politicians authorities creature court sent act bishop suggested appointment theologian scholar post attendant military duties threat raids largely based need imperial supporter italy light rebellion bernard bernard illegitimate son king son louis gave italy eldest son empire sons bernard rebelled uncle support rebellion event reduced emperor prestige nobility important bishop man loyal emperor bishop found men directed pilgrimage rome accustomed christ saints images relics coming educated background greatly exposed provincial modes worship attacks use images relics crosses opposed obtain little regard authority pope belief bishops equal view later wrote teachings request emperor recorded act charter monastery dead time finished late presumed died year writings author extant works simple biblical commentaries writings personal penchant detail age common prepared commentary book genesis request emperor commentary edited vienna printed wrote commentaries books historical books gospel matthew commentary shows views expressed centuries later thought fact founded 19th century dedicated abbot possible student sent condemned assembled bishops realm commentaries unpublished commentaries sparked controversy concerning icons introduced organic metaphor state commentary proposed church body christ state body emperor imperial court familiar work later wrote received despite attempts friend condemned works condemned tried unsuccessfully regain approval eventually pen known apology directed persistent attacks identified author works previously attributed
Claudius of Turin