july november puerto rican poet journalist politician major figure struggle political autonomy puerto_rico leadership newly formed successfully ran campaign position delegate district subsequently member group organized party discuss proposals autonomy grant puerto_rico autonomous government following election served chief cabinet government august treaty paris transferred possession puerto_rico spain united_states military government established resigned position cabinet remained inactive politics time elected resident commissioner puerto_rico participated creation jones act proposing amendments final approval shortly contracted infection traveled puerto_rico died november son subsequently involved politics elected governor puerto_rico early life born puerto_rico couple child banquet offered celebration came middle class family puerto_rico elite father came lines puerto_rico politics paternal grandfather decided career army received participating followed commanding officer puerto_rico settled acre km2 farm puerto_rico married fathered children town mayor rivera childhood small rural town family house moderately large time built wood roof mother home books private library owned father age completed education offered town school finished class educated spanish french took music classes father hired private continue instruction student strong interest works particular don authors studied include years old mother fell ill died time family grown include siblings taught age fourteen managing legal documents working local church clergy helping father store institutions higher learning island time families sent children cuba founded spain north_america complete university education wanted travel spain study law father wanted care family business political career early involvement politics poetry early life began writing poetry publish work years old editor working newspaper named accepted publish poem titled advised continue writing urging concentrate science politics instead love poems began writing puerto_rico political status promoting necessity autonomous government father member decided follow uncle ideals joined working organization established store limited success gained confidence named president committee member municipal council ran position district representation elected year began publishing writings newspapers magazines including puerto_rico poems published del cuba las est general establishing autonomous government january members organized convention discussed reorganization party activity met mentor disciple new party called created following reunion included organization ideology pursued creation separate government puerto_rico keeping relationship spain base grew rapidly writings speeches directed population considered threat closed newspapers published work sending staff jail fort san del editor jailed position offered accepted released prison criticized policies elected secretary party named honorary president action angered challenged duel originally accepted challenge later declined preparations underway losing position party hierarchy progressed conflicts liberals conservatives worsened governor ordering arrest liberals political tension increased year known terrible year prohibited person leaving puerto_rico intention preventing actions spain liberals able send situation public learning replaced juan nominated delegate district father nominated position moved nomination district respect won election admitted conservatives opposition july founded party newspaper puerto_rico publication directed politics included poetry stories published puerto rican artists newspaper brought immediate controversy eventually led arrest protest organized puerto_rico released father paid bond sold half store order raise funds publication establishment married ceremony took place later year traveled spain learn political system realized president better option help task spain received notice father died heavily affected returning puerto_rico published article father subsequently noticed travel caused controversy divided followers factions known group opposed claiming supporting establishment republic participated writing proposed administrative autonomy island debates agreed send men reunite organization behalf including proposed won spain puerto_rico receive chapter autonomy degree sovereignty spanish provinces learning resigned forming new institution named spain prime minister following power vacuum occurred assassination december granted promised autonomous government changed party served secretary chief cabinet independent government puerto_rico american invasion military government february son born time family moved old san_juan born february rushed home learned american vessel uss maine sunk coast cuba likely spark war spain united_states expected american government grant puerto_rico autonomy gained control news knowing united_states planning build canal panama puerto_rico strategic location protect structure insisted happen continuing support military operation united_states navy bombarded san_juan initiating initially supported spanish government members agreed took possession chief cabinet position july days later july united_states_army landed led beginning land offensive august signing treaty paris public bringing halt military puerto_rico amnesty spain ceded cuba puerto_rico converting archipelago possession united_states military governorship welcomed american government expected puerto_rico possession refused cooperate military government returned wrote poem titled comparing puerto_rico political situation punishment subsequently returned san_juan accepting request continue office new cabinet assisted establishing police replaced military governor following change men began having violent discussions trying push positions vocally debate decisions communicating interpreter february resigned position president puerto_rico experiencing economic crisis problems arising population inability communicate americans universal election suffrage canceled reducing voting population henry eventually dissolved cabinet removing final remnants recognition autonomous government established spanish rule opposed military structure promoted autonomy later year founded newspaper voiced concerns landowners affected blockade imposed united_states april signed act proposed end military government establishment civil government supreme_court created members american appointed united_states president position resident commissioner puerto_rico enacted considered law advance eventually creating new institution named published heavy criticism angered members new organization rumors assassination attempt widespread friends visited house armed discussion sides concluded gunfire leaving injured perpetrators escaped present arrested charged armed assault charge dropped established acted self defense act failed prevent land allowed american corporations control puerto_rico agricultural years death united_states eventually designed program puerto day working article friend brought newspaper informing education puerto rican public schools taught english surprised announcement expressing plan fail lack teachers knowledge language began publishing articles directed population promoted self government puerto_rico group supporters broke building equipment following incident family moved reopened receiving threats movements decided new_york_city leaving paper editing charge followers founded bilingual newspaper heavily criticized stance puerto_rico following years family constantly traveled locations founded party won election following party victory selected member ran resident commissioner united_states house_of_representatives representing party served spending nearly year english began forming friendships rivera proposed granting puerto_rico greater autonomy requesting independence united_states equal rights state proposal greeted opposition members party including end party agreed proposal march signed granting united_states citizenship puerto creating pleased jones act judicial executive branches controlled united_states march gave speech house floor argue favor american citizenship declared earth swallow island prefer american citizenship citizenship world long island existed residents preferred puerto rican citizenship shortly ill returned puerto_rico late friend family summoned wife son puerto_rico informed suffering infection begun expanding body died november town san_juan jones act enacted law died town bells sung present funeral procession began days death traveled puerto_rico attended thousands people way traveled municipalities attend activity request remains buried san cemetery puerto_rico legacy honors son important figure politics taking foundation elected elected governor puerto_rico municipality erected statue honor renamed northern plaza city main square plaza rivera sixteen puerto rican schools named
Luis Muñoz Rivera