black gray black gray bird new world family long gray white plumage black markings male bold black throat black stripes head black streaks flanks female paler version male white throat distinct black markings flanks wings breeds western north_america british_columbia new_mexico winters mexico southwestern united_states habitats prefers coniferous mixed forests especially oaks nest open cup plant fibers lined feathers built metres ground branches tree eggs laid young fed parents common breeding range seriously threatened human activities unlike migratory description black gray black gray white plumage soft lacking small yellow spot eye bill distinctive bird sexes differ slightly having gray black streaks white black streaks flanks adult male striped black crown throat eye white chin eye adult female plumage head white throat dark gray similar birds black gray black white marked black entirely different plumage patterns typically long weighing wing lengths tail lengths bill lengths lengths females slightly smaller males bird gives sharp thick like flat high flight male song series notes earlier notes doubled note high song variations including quiet soft song given males following females gathering material nest taxonomy black gray described specimen collected near today portland oregon known inhabitants northwest coast called described species placing unrelated old world genus placed genus thirty species having classified time genus group black yellow face markings includes usually considered early group species genetic studies suggest close relation grace relatives range black gray overlaps occur different habitats commonly records species black gray uncommon subspecies highly similar dubious validity nominate subspecies occurs pacific coastal region british_columbia northern california described occupies inland parts range birds slightly larger gray distribution habitat black gray breeds western north_america range extending southwestern british_columbia pacific coast northern baja california east new_mexico southern montana winters mexico southern baja california state spread parts wyoming montana recently expanded range warming climate recorded eastern north_america cuba black gray breeds open coniferous mixed forest dry open oak forests particularly associated oaks south late fall returning north mid spring migrating woodland passes grounds occurs dry woodland tall status known appear seriously threatened habitat destruction human activities unlike migratory fairly common bird common common rapid decline assessed concern iucn red list behavior black gray usually easily observed foraging despite poorly known especially breeding behavior said information available flocks species feeds insects low branches especially nest usually placed horizontal tree branch metres ground nest open cup constructed grass lined feathers hair female lays pinkish eggs brown dots july periods unknown species recorded giving distraction display pretending injured distract predators nest parents feed young female frequently
Black-throated gray warbler