general french empire fought french revolutionary wars napoleonic wars born february quebec british colony province son officer french military father served india seven years war later quebec son rural nobility attended paris gentleman cadet graduation occupied junior positions french revolution subsequent political social affirmed loyalty france described colleagues naturally talented quickly moved ranks general staff filling increasingly important positions french field armies including army rhine managed autonomous division engineers war restoration retained titles honors recalled retirement july revolution died september versailles family descended family rural son second son lord mother married father gentleman small island coast france near february senior captain company participated siege seven years war elder brother lord knight order father death inherited family estates titles married twice cousin died january married later sister clarke second wife son artillery captain traveler best known painter print maker military career admitted paris gentleman cadet rank lieutenant september graduated joined later 48th infantry regiment lieutenant present turmoil immediately following revolution particularly divisive military soldiers officers suspected loyalty fellow officers remained old regime worried officers longer command obedience troops recounted journal reception tri color scene deprived officers served pretext revolutionaries inspire defiance soldiers moment flag blessed given battalion commander gave orders leave church soldiers stirred youths assisted ceremony declared leave old flag hung church enforce commands seeing authority ignored commander left church followed seven officers stayed took flag gave priest hung church battalion returned barracks order promoted captain campaign april participated engagements frankfurt main siege small engagement subsequently named adjutant staff major july appointed general staff garrisoned initially crossing rhine early march army engaged austrian troops battles following defeat army reorganized command received staff appointment milan served described talents received nature expanded careful education activities services deputy general staff eligible promotion superior rank member campaigns austria prussia poland served warsaw promoted general brigade return germany appointed staff prince august later staff holland served military governor february military government hamburg napoleon sent spain command engineer park attached french army included companies miners companies battalion sailors companies bridge builders companies pioneers engineers companies artillery park medical detachment close men june rewarded commander chief general staff later major general appointed march director general military conscription position held peace restoration named knight order restoration placed command military october days napoleon appointed director king appointed inspector retired july revolution recalled general staff retired permanently grand officer retirement wrote published died september home versailles buried cemetery notre dame versailles letters written preserved france title les information
Étienne Hastrel de Rivedoux