ibn ibn known greek sources king arabs circa son ibn succeeded father tribe chief byzantine_empire arab clients allies east rank despite victories rival persian backed reign relations byzantium lukewarm staunch led complete breakdown alliance discovered byzantine plans assassinate relations restored secured byzantine emperor recognition royal status pledge tolerance participated unsuccessful campaign persian capital alongside byzantine general future emperor failure campaign led quarrel accused treason byzantine agents captured brought constantinople faced trial arrest provoked uprising son man ascended throne exiled sicily according source allowed return homeland overthrow important ruler byzantines break federation capable successful military leader rule saw strengthening cultural flowering arabs rule biography succession early career son ruler tribe supreme arab eastern frontier byzantine_empire situated southern flank frontier faced powerful arab tribe turn chief client byzantium main antagonist raised position supreme byzantine emperor wished create strong counterpart rulers confirmed father heir early visit constantinople succeeded death appears inherited father byzantine titles time hereditary rank honorable prestigious borne byzantine emperors soon death territory attacked ibn new ruler sought advantage situation forces repulsed invaded territory turn seizing turned confronted army suffered heavy defeat success wrote byzantine emperor asking gold men request reportedly angered sent instructions local commander lure ruler trap killed letter fell hands severed relations empire refused commit forces war persia began return byzantine allegiance byzantines relied cover approaches syria withdrawal left gap byzantine southern flank persisted years returned byzantine allegiance general met immediately reconciliation assembled army secret launched attack capital arguably arab world largest richest culturally vibrant city time city sacked plundered torch churches according john donated booty expedition monasteries poor year visited constantinople awarded crown marking formal renewal role byzantium chief arab client king war persia interrupted year truce agreed hostilities renewed sources period mention participation years invited emperor visit capital arrived city february accompanied sons received occasion multitude gifts presented royal crown instead simpler awarded constantinople received permission emperor hold church council convened march council managed albeit brief time reconcile factions goal long intervened quarrel paul black patriarch leaving imperial capital ruler secured pledge emperor cease returned home discovered absence raid domains gathering forces fell army defeated returned home laden booty summer went river joined byzantine forces new campaign deep persian territory combined force moved south river accompanied fleet ships allied army stormed fortress moved reached region central near persian capital found bridge destroyed possibility march gone forced retreat especially time persian commander taken advantage byzantine army absence raiding freely sacked provincial capital retreat exhausted army exchanged expedition failure forcing withdraw defeated returning lands learned combined persian force preparing attack realm immediately set meet engaged army defeated going capture enemy camp victory arrest exile despite successes accused treason preceding campaign claimed revealed byzantine plan proceeded destroy bridge chronicler john explicitly calls assertion lie byzantine intentions plain persian commanders wrote letters emperor tried reconcile finally visited constantinople able persuade guilt charge treason universally dismissed modern historians says probably dislike veteran militarily successful arab ruler compounded byzantines distrust supposedly arabs faith ordered arrest trap laid king summoned constantinople answer charges treason chose friend curator advocate probably byzantine built church called join patriarch dedication ceremony arrived small escort arrested byzantine troops stationed secret location transported constantinople joined way wife children capital treated allowed comfortable residence denied audience believes generous treatment fact brought trial supposed treason indicate believe charges ordered arrest chiefly strong anti faction imperial capital meantime arrest provoked revolt led sons especially eldest man man described john capable father years army launched raids byzantine provinces bases desert defeating killing byzantine battle reacted raising brother large army head dispatched east counter man install uncle king swiftly new king died days success allegiance minor arab tribes away died shortly death august accession throne man constantinople achieve reconciliation byzantium instead arrested tried sentenced death quickly house arrest remained constantinople death accession exiled sicily likely man pope gregory great mentioned indicating alive time 13th century chronicle records overthrow murder allowed return home legacy ways continued footsteps father militarily successful ally byzantines especially fellow arabs secured byzantium southern flank political commercial interests proper despite dedication remained loyal byzantium christian state par excellence comments self image sixth century fighting christian century predecessor pagan empire end independent character role protector led downfall exile overwhelmingly pro atmosphere reigns unlike father protected count influential support constantinople arrest followed dissolution federation number smaller event history byzantine arab relations destroyed byzantium protective shield incursions arabian desert error byzantines pay onset muslim conquests paralleled years later destruction kingdom hands opening power vacuum northern nascent muslim state later fill hand muslim conquests destructive thirty year war persia long way dissolution federation seen simply according historian elimination successful quasi client neighbour threatened powerful good supposed patron left important cultural legacy patronage crucial survival revival spread missionary activities south according historian promotion simpler form christianity specifically arab context said anticipated islam rule brought period considerable prosperity arabs eastern fringes syria evidenced spread sponsorship churches monasteries buildings surviving descriptions courts image luxury active cultural life patronage arts music especially arab language poetry words ball courts important centres arabic poetry rise courts islam court culture including penchant desert palaces like ibn provided model court architectural remains reign castle called extra identified audience hall inscription greek celebrating survives modern site particular significance popularity cult arabs focus later building activity
Al-Mundhir III ibn al-Harith