brown brown belongs group birds found mainly australia new_guinea highly developed brush tipped adapted feeding medium small brownish bird yellow olive panels tail wing yellow eye widespread western northern eastern australia brown occupies range habitats woodlands nomadic local area following flowering food plants usually feeds small groups flocks mixed species insects form diet occupies breeding territory year lays eggs cup shaped nest woven grass soft bark sexes contribute nest building feeding young loud clear musical song described best brown declining areas region western_australia overall population levels distribution sufficient described iucn concern conservation taxonomy brown originally described species latin word meaning obscure working bird collection london said brown specimen bad condition scarcely admits description later included catch genus brown classified member genus greek word meaning tongue following monroe nominate race number sub species recognised derived word meaning eye named found latin fringed latin meaning marry married indonesian treated sub species taxonomic authorities molecular analysis shown related australian etc australian fairy large description appearance brown medium small plain grey brown body length centimetres wingspan centimetres average weight grams female slightly smaller male sexes differ slightly appearance head upper tail brown wings darker brown distinguishing features small yellow patch eye indistinct birds dull yellow olive panels folded wings tail brown sexual slight adult male dark brownish grey forehead crown contrasting brownish forehead crown adult female similar olive brown rest upper body juvenile bird similar female lack trace yellow eye bill black long slender curved slightly downwards adapted deep tubular flowers male black breeding pale yellow times female pale yellow juvenile bright yellow swollen iris brown feet legs grey black appearance subspecies uniform races similar size plumage nominate race slight variations degrees small differences length bill tail compared male slightly darker feathers head greater contrast crown longer bill moderately darker throat breast female shorter tail differences sexes nominate race brown noteworthy song usually described glorious voice easily best australian study west australian birds noted singer superior family matter australian birds said report clear rolling musical rendered sweet sweet loud size bird sexes usually early morning male calls day breeding season alarm harsh given times short intervals distribution habitat brown found wide range wooded habitats widespread australia nominate race ranges broad band newcastle new_south_wales coast north west queensland end south western western_australia rarely seen sydney populations declined late 1950s recorded suitable habitats small numbers region rare south_australia present victoria tasmania population range birds acres birds western australia found new_guinea nominate race gulf river system inhabits found lesser brown nomadic local area response flowering food plants example marked increases numbers queensland winter northern territory range contracts dry season commonly found coastal areas including black woodlands merge dominated widespread forests woodlands arid semi arid inland australia recorded springs drainage lines visits flowering shrubs parks gardens occurs remnant patches trees travelling stock routes behaviour busy bird brown frequently wing flowers pursuing insects flight feeding brown feeds mainly foliage flowers canopy trees shrubs use levels habitat including ground feeds singly pairs gather small groups mixed species feeding flocks banded yellow black observations foraging birds record brown feeding primarily taking insects main sources include flowering species primarily taken flowers cups brush shaped tubular flowers brown small flowers perch stem large single flowers case flowers perch insects leaves bark caught taken ground insects eaten include beetles flies ants bees brown active early morning times day flying visiting flowers time abundant body mass decreases night increases day greatest increase occurring important hour early morning foraging half overnight water loss hour energy brown potentially exceeds requirements seasons winter needs selective plants balance energy intake expenditure concentration increasing frequency feeding breeding courtship displays brown recorded increased singing points male pair usually nests areas low population density area near newcastle new_south_wales number breeding pairs nests metres apart nesting territories occupied year known territories nests birds year breeding season varies markedly brown range breeding recorded location month year breeding occur times year conditions favourable nest built variety vegetation types usually dense foliage fork horizontal branch near water rarely metres ground nest small deep round cup woven small pieces grass soft bark especially bark bound spider web lined plant cow hair wool sexes contribute nest building male stands guard female building nest eggs vary shape rounded oval white pinkish brownish marked spotted faint reddish brownish eggs approximately millimetres long millimetres laid clutch female eggs chicks sexes feed young remove period thirteen fourteen days nests outcome known successfully young nests known green tree ants attack newly hatched takes young nest nests brush bronze conservation status brown population declining region western_australia result clearing native vegetation numbers increasing urban areas particularly parks gardens farms new habitats increased death cats cars collisions windows overall population sufficiently large widespread brown considered iucn concern conservation
Brown honeyeater