known tributary pennsylvania united_states approximately miles long flows township township township watershed creek area square miles km2 creek named tributaries run creek designated fishery migratory fishery class wild trout waters length considered impaired organic low levels dissolved oxygen ranges moderately acidic slightly large feet high creek flows gorge lower reaches descends feet mainly flows rock formations consisting sandstone creek existed million years portion course flows gorge years old creek watershed mainly rural forested main source flooding named native american village historically existed creek delaware tribe inhabited area tribe historically inhabited area numerous mills built creek 1800s including powder mills gorge second powder mill built largest powder mills united_states time powder mill operated numerous bridges built creek 1900s gorge listed possible canoe miles creek points course begins flows west tenths mile enters creek turns west southwest approximately mile passing south crossing pennsylvania route turns west northwest tenths mile turning southwest west crossing pennsylvania route passes pole bridge swamp begins flowing border rice township wright township couple miles creek gradually turns south southwest following township line passes receives named tributary left turns southwest tenths mile turning south southwest turns west mile turning southwest miles receiving tributary run left entering crossing interstate creek turns south tenths mile turning west southwest miles passing eventually turns west southwest enters township miles creek turns south short distance receives named tributary left turns west northwest mile turning south point creek turns west enters gorge tenths mile turns north flowing gorge crossing border times creek turns west northwest begins flowing border township township approximately mile leaves gorge crosses pennsylvania route reaches confluence southwest joins miles mouth tributaries named tributaries run creek numerous unnamed tributaries joins miles upstream mouth watershed area square miles km2 run joins miles upstream mouth watershed area square miles km2 bow creek joins miles upstream mouth watershed area square miles km2 unnamed tributaries include big creek tributary big creek tributary areas square miles km2 square miles km2 respectively considered impaired cause organic low levels dissolved oxygen likely source municipal point source pollution sewage creek united states geological survey stream near concentration dissolved oxygen near mouth ranged concentration hydrogen ranged december february august concentration carbon dioxide ranged time period december august concentration ranged mid 1970s concentration nitrogen form near mouth ranged concentration nitrogen form ranged concentration ranged concentration ranged concentration ranged calcium concentration near mouth ranged concentration ranged concentration iron ranged near mouth measured times ranged specific creek ranged micro centimeter creek ranged december february august concentration water creek december august ranged average annual discharge cubic feet second times average annual years cubic feet second cubic feet second cubic feet second cubic feet second cubic feet second respectively average annual discharge creek cubic feet second times values years cubic feet second cubic feet second cubic feet second cubic feet second average annual discharge creek cubic feet second peak annual discharge mouth percent chance reaching cubic feet second percent chance reaching cubic feet second percent chance reaching cubic feet second peak annual discharge percent chance reaching cubic feet second peak annual discharge creek confluence percent chance reaching cubic feet second percent chance reaching cubic feet second percent chance reaching cubic feet second peak annual discharge percent chance reaching cubic feet second peak annual discharge upstream tributary run percent chance reaching cubic feet second percent chance reaching cubic feet second percent chance reaching cubic feet second percent chance reaching cubic feet second peak annual discharge creek upstream tributary percent chance reaching cubic feet second percent chance reaching cubic feet second percent chance reaching cubic feet second percent chance reaching cubic feet second geography geology climate elevation near mouth feet sea level elevation creek source feet sea level gradient creek miles feet mile miles feet mile creek mouth gradient feet mile mean elevation creek watershed upstream state route road feet sea level ridge valley province flows southwestern edge closer mouth large creek feet high highest feet high cuts red sandstone falls known respectively long stretch formed numerous small creek flows gorge known gorge locally gorge creek drops total feet gorge gorge large relatively forested flat gorge likely created million years ago precursor creek original channel location slightly west current moved present channel years ago ice age glaciers covered area thousand years creek length cut glacial material flow valley site gorge failed instead carved new path bedrock old glacial valley broad gently sloping described small creek topography creek watershed mainly consists broken hills swamps lakes watershed southeastern border channel flows rock formations consisting sandstone creek surrounded steep high hills height feet miles gorge cuts rib gray belonging rock formation dates million years ago late covers northern quarters gorge mainly consists gray sandstone southern quarter gorge bedrock consisting member formation contains sandstone soil index near creek state route road inches coal formation occurs near appears far away coal formation estimated miles long miles wide feet thick lighter color burns easily coal coal annual rate precipitation watershed ranges inches average rate precipitation creek crosses state route road inches year average rate drainage basin inches year precipitation intensity inches hours expected occur site years water temperature creek measured times late values ranged january august rate creek watershed inches year percent annual precipitation rate ranges gallons minute square mile average gallons minute square mile rate ranges inches year average inches year watershed watershed area square miles km2 confluence tributary watershed area square miles km2 upstream tributary run watershed area square miles km2 upstream tributary watershed area square miles km2 mouth creek united_states geological survey source east creek passes west creek drainage basin watershed south central flows general southwesterly direction total percent upper square miles km2 watershed forested land total percent storage land creek mouth located approximately miles southwest city community mountain located creek historical community creek flows rural valley steep slopes miles private land reservoir area acres located creek reservoir known primarily public water supply capable reducing peak creek main sources flooding wright township primary flooding source township township township year flood creek small undeveloped area tract land known vicinity tract owned area acres watershed creek miles away planned sites separated designated use use aquatic life history entered august creek known named native american village near creek delaware tribes historically camps creek delaware tribe hunting fishing vicinity creek watershed early land grant located west known surveyed tract patented prince visited area near creek travels north_america constructed mill gorge mill eventually burned accident built mill creek southwestern wright township mill owned operational creek late late 1800s built powder mill gorge sold partial ownership mill early explosion destroyed mill caused silver company went bankrupt bought site april constructed powder mills known time mills largest powder mills united_states mills operation fatal explosions years infrastructure destroyed flooding numerous times mills producing tons black powder year mills operated company moved machinery increasing costs shipping black powder desire consolidate operations ruins remain today creek late artist created paper drawing chartered april got water supply upper reaches watershed 1800s constructed tributary creek southeastern community tavern creek historically industry watershed carried completed 1870s properties early 1900s main industry watershed agriculture creek main stem water supply small hydroelectric plant mills operated lower reaches creek early 1900s main population centers watershed included populations respectively new_jersey historically passed upper creek watershed passed creek drainage basin moved near early 1900s dedicated march flooded depth inches road largest floods occurred august june flooding events discharge road bridge cubic feet second respectively heights feet feet respectively reached depth feet road nearby homes flooded metal bridge carries faux road feet long masonry arch bridge length feet built creek repaired metal bridge built creek feet long concrete beam bridges lengths feet feet feet constructed creek repaired concrete slab bridge length feet built creek concrete beam length feet built creek box beam bridge length feet built bridge type spans length feet built creek box beam bridges spans built repaired carried interstate feet long concrete bridge carrying pennsylvania route built creek bridge feet long box beam bridge length feet built creek box beam bridge length feet constructed creek based biology drainage basin designated fishery migratory fishery wild trout naturally reproduce creek downstream mouth creek named tributaries mile long stretch creek crossing upstream road designated class wild trout waters brook trout brown trout tributaries class wild trout waters stocked trout stocked rainbow trout month fishing season march stocked brook trout times observed creek major fish kill occurred tank substance accidentally overturned contents creek stretch running approximately miles tributary bow creek approximately fish killed trout trees form canopy places gorge listed site county natural areas inventory yellow birch common gorge upper end river birch common lower end gorge area affected trash dumping graffiti forests land tract tract land contains wet areas pools marshes areas provide breeding grounds reptiles amphibians fish aquatic invertebrates recreation possible canoe miles days heavy rain difficulty rating ranges gorge book describes scenery good excellent describes creek short scenic clear brook hiking opportunities lower reaches creek swimming holes known collectively highest injury death rate swimming hole area people died swimming holes severely injured jewish camp known camp historically situated miles area acres owns gorge permit public access recreational purposes creek designated approved trout waters crossing upstream road downstream county road opened trout fishing april
Big Wapwallopen Creek