henry 14th century english nobleman reputation fighting bishop gained suppressing peasants revolt defeating peasants battle north summer young man studied oxford_university held numerous positions fought italy consecrated bishop parliament agreed allow lead crusade flanders directed flanders supporter vii crusade defence english economic political interests funded expedition poorly equipped lacked proper military leadership initial successes disastrous attempt city forced return england return parliament confiscated england returned year accompanied king northward repel potential french invasion scotland energetic able administrator defended diocese stood richard following landing yorkshire end june arrested refusing come terms following year implicated rising pardoned birth ancestry henry youngest son edward married anne died daughter sir henry born year father killed siege brothers grew soldiers eldest brother 1st baron reputed greatest knights age henry fought pope urban war milan comparatively little known siblings hugh fought abroad died march thomas fought france died unmarried died sister joan nun death family originated lords north eastern france henry grandmother granddaughter henry great grandfather hugh 1st earl winchester grandfather younger favourite exiled later executed rebellion lover england hugh adviser holding power king defeat battle later restored favour son appointed king chamberlain enjoyed larger share royal favour barons hostile acquired wealth perceived arrogance banished sentences soon played important role governing country isabella acted men tried executed nephew thomas 1st earl gloucester succeeded father edward thomas captured killed following attempt restore rising early career year old boy canon year later secured age nineteen rector february master oxford_university studying civil law ordained december april early life tells spent time italy fighting pope urban war milan promoted canon salisbury appointed papal bull dated april consecrated rome april returned england received archbishop_of_canterbury july king august involvement suppression peasants revolt peasants revolt rebels kent essex marched london admitted city managed capture tower london king richard promised agree demands peasants met rebels outside city leader peasants killed rebellion ended king promises retracted rebellion quickly spread parts england including diocese lasted fortnight june group rebels reached insurrection spread south western norfolk time rebels led local moved north eastern county urging insurrection local area days rebels largest important cities realm taken occupied followers caused considerable damage property possessions enemies managed enter city rebels travelled destroying legal records landowners possessions insurgents moving north east norfolk destroyed court rolls taxation documents numerous incidents county heard news rising diocese time absent manor miles west armed norfolk cambridge company small body followers increased way time reached near norfolk coast considerable force command found rebels entrenched defended makeshift fortifications according bishop led assault enemies hand hand fighting slain captured including rebels leader hanged drawn soon personally execution following months proceeded deal rebels diocese rebellion highly unpopular norfolk following year plot organised murder scheme betrayed time conspirators dealt authorities crusade soon urban elected pope robert geneva elected rival pope taking pope vii removing called western subsequently caused great crisis church created rivalry conflict eventually resolved result autumn winter flanders invaded france fallen battle country compelled submit french king obliged conquered towns recognise vii response events flanders pope urban issued proclamation crusade choosing lead campaign followers vii flanders granted extraordinary powers mission contribute support king enthusiastic launch crusade flanders political economic reasons revenues english wool staple ceased following advance french resumed sending bishop king flanders enable john unpopular plans royal crusade abandoned french forces drawn away peninsula relations strengthened advantage approving crusade cost borne church means government peasants revolt government fearful consequences imposing tax pay new war french december richard ordered crusade published england later month bishop men took cross february parliament mission ultimately assigned granted king previous october carrying war flanders king stipulation await arrival launching offensive operations french allies bishop issued publication archbishop enterprise contributions immense value quarters especially according rich ladies england english landed proceeded attack hands french neighbouring country including towns soon fell flight franco flemish army command count flanders pitched battle fought near persuaded followers attempt prove turning point crusade unwilling attack city allies officers insisted taken inhabitants prepared siege time english allies arrived attacked city june dwellings outlying suburbs abandoned timber strengthen earth stone gates city mission dispatched paris replace artillery powder stocks city organised command john divided different defensive sectors low protected double wet ditch high reinforced stakes wooden fire step english attacked temple gate day beaten days city gates attacked simultaneously success end week siege reinforcements arrived completely city walls outer ditch breached soil eighth day june attacked defences artillery firing gate damaging cause city defences breached following days siege sustained artillery attacks little overall effect assaults troops beaten attempt drain ditches seriously threatened attempt unsuccessful besieged managed communicate duke able raise large french army come aid city august weeks effort abruptly decided abandon siege leaving allies continue bishop forces divided going england remaining bishop sir sir retiring bishop wished advance france sir commanders refused bishop entering distance obliged fall turned french little stomach showdown english allies preferring instead negotiate french army unwilling fight encountered moving possible king richard crossed channel large english army campaign ended famous victory disease ridden english forces arrival french headed boy king decisive charles taken august army mustered august advanced flanders reaching end august september september forcing retreat september besieged september days later duke brittany persuaded french negotiate surrender english garrison given safe conduct town french army proceeded coast besieged authority defenders accepted bribes bishop treasurer refused surrender terms days later evacuated ordered sacked end october remaining returned english channel career soon returning flanders bishop parliament october presence king chancellor accused troops agreed recruiting high number armed men refusing properly military leaders king allowing secular lord command expedition flanders disbanding forces prematurely denied charges insisting men assembled chosen commanders refused obey king orders declared bishop replies insufficient requested hearing defend granted hearing proceeded blame commanders forcing retreat evacuate garrisons arguments refuted blamed failure expedition confiscated ordered repay costs taken money gained french fall grace long following scottish incursions england decided year old king richard lead army scotland marking start military career magnate consequence including joined immense host advanced north king finding country totally waste little destroyed tower massive walls defied means destruction known cluster miserable sir scotland vol english army reached edinburgh sacked retreated england despite john wish scottish campaign times marched army henry continued controversial fighting career mainly vigorous methods maintain control diocese cathedral church defended church defended episcopal rights privileges decade involved disputes chapter religious communities diocese mainly concerning bishop right intervene internal affairs monks appealed successfully pope matters resolved year pope ordered archbishop_of_canterbury assist parties instruction bishop convent instead appeared royal council death july prevented resolution dispute finalised royal commission decided favour decisions commission convent appealed papal sentences ignored eventually monks came terms bishop accepted loss autonomy fighting growing fear english political elite appeared briefly found favour upper classes power given authorities examine church court second half reign steadily determined maintain religious acted increasingly harshly suppress successor went introducing death penalty possession bible took active steps maintain diocese chronicler praised henry actions contrasted fellow bishops swore said belonging sect preach diocese taken fire beheaded consequently having understood belonging tendency desire embrace result faith true religion remained unaffected bounds episcopal authority henry appears dealt dealing norfolk examined public apparently received punishment moving london preaching attracted attention archbishop thomas summoned appear attend sent written memorandum february following trial condemned burned chains final years death john february son duke lancaster moved quickly strip resolved return england paris claim restoration family estates july disembarked reacted events standing richard july commissioned general whilst absent diocese july reached reinforcements duke york army joined york travelled join king returned ireland whilst moved south bristol intercept richard supporters york berkeley castle came terms end july bishop refused submit arrested briefly imprisoned september proclaimed king london event witnessed bishop attended parliament new reign october agreed king richard imprisoned time influence diocese diminished power having shifted sir henry implicated abortive rising january nephew thomas earl gloucester played key subsequently executed thomas created earl gloucester accused involved death son duke gloucester result lost joined conspiracy kent army attacked burnt thomas thomas fled boarding ship captain forced bristol january released mob beheaded high cross aftermath rebellion henry appointed vicar general february submitted custody archbishop accompanied parliament january enemy sir falsely accused involved plot finally reconciled king granted pardon died august buried high altar brass inscription dedicated placed destroyed ancestry
Henry le Despenser