canadian horse canadian horse horse breed canada strong breed horse usually dark colour horses generally riding driving descended draft light riding horses imported canada late later crossed british american breeds 18th century canadian horse spread northeastern contributed development horse breeds peak popularity breed distinguished draft horse type type pacing type thousands horses exported 19th century subsequently killed acting cavalry horses american civil war exports decreased canadian population point extinction prompting formation passage law export experimental breeding programs early 20th century succeeded establishing breed extent combined world wars resulted breed extinct 1980s concerned declining population numbers interested breeders undertook promotional program resulted renewed interest breed 1990s population numbers higher genetic studies found relatively high levels genetic diversity small breed livestock conservation organizations consider breed risk low population numbers breed characteristics canadian horses dark coloured black bay brown found occasionally tails cream gene appears breed result genetic influence stallion sources state gene gray longer found breed genetic late 20th century preservation society breed states rarely grey height averages hands inches average pounds weight weigh pounds canadian horse short high set head broad forehead neck arched graceful chest broad strongly shoulders sloping relatively high set tail overall breed gives impression strength agility heavy tail arched finely heads reminiscent ancestry described hardy horses easy keepers today canadian horses riding driving horses known jumping ability seen competition discipline leisure riding found light draft work trail riding working stock horse unlike breeds set naming system identify individuals based registration format employed comes prefix farm breeding establishment born followed lastly given year different letter assigned begin given year letter named older horses fall naming strategy mandatory naming registered offspring coming canadian lines originally horses identification numbers identification technology chosen breed registry history canadian horse descended french stock sent canada late 17th century initial shipment consisted normandy brittany center french horse breeding survived trip shipments followed horses stallion stallion shipments included mix draft horses light horses included pacing horses exact origins horses unknown shipments probably included horses leased gentleman farmers religious orders money exchange remained property king years despite poor conditions hard work horses canada given nicknames included little iron horse horse steel population numbers rose quickly early stock horses horses government limited farmers owning horses additional horses slaughtered law failure terms enforcement french canadian horse spread eastern michigan illinois united_states lived generally feral existence escaping human control completely expulsion century english seized livestock including horses animals transported horse late 18th century imported horses british isles existing canadian stock 19th century found performing light draft work riding driving duties 19th century canadian painter known works featuring canadian horse usually showed association french opposed english settlers area paintings generally portrayed canadian horse role winter scenes estimated canadian horses exported canada annually shipped west_indies possibly contributed breeds middle 19th century canadian horses spread northeastern racing stamina pull freight wagons played role development breeds including morgan horse extensively efforts establish population breed association country thousands horses imported canada artillery cavalry horses american civil war killed historian states canadian horse played major role history war said north won simply fact soldiers better horse canadian exports war casualties canadian horses extinct formed inspect approve breeding stock aim creating breed export canada forbidden quebec law experimental breeding program begun canadian government program goal breed larger horses retained endurance breed known succeeded increasing size hands inches high pounds weight slightly smaller combined world war world war ended federal breeding program breeding stock sold auction province quebec established program program lasted herd disbanded sold auction 1970s present 1970s popularity breed decreased significantly approximately canadian horses worldwide annual interested breeders began campaign preservation promotion resulted canadian team winning north american driving championships popularity began increase mid-1990s population numbers classified breed critical changed designation rare increase popularity came pressure breed standard change meet modern market trends breeding taller horses formed response pressures goal preserving original canadian horse type remains official registering body canadian horse governed canadian federal animal pedigree act responsibility monitor registration identification keeping stud book canadian horses responsible breeding stock registered maintained beginning horses registered new horses registered mainly quebec livestock considers breed threatened designation given breeds global population annual fewer considers breed risk fewer annual female breeding stock study mitochondrial dna published canadian horse newfoundland pony found genetically diverse canadian breeds studied included horse pony canadian horse showed high diversity sharing canadian populations draft breeds pony breeds british mountain pony breeds tested study canadian horse shown related draft horse breeds including belgian previous studies relationship supported findings study high levels diversity canadian horse supported conclusions study determined small population size historical genetic resulted significant loss genetic variation paper stated canadian horse significant popular breeds canadian horse common animal symbol canada declared national breed country official animal symbol canada parliamentary act provincial legislature quebec named heritage breed province sub types peak popularity breed main types distinguished considered extinct having disappeared merged main canadian horse population canadian heavy draft disappeared late probably developed crosses probably popular export new_england bred large numbers horses caribbean plantations second called horse known power speed resulting crosses mixed french lines played role development horses canadian type canadian historically better documented types canadian likely result breeding pacing horses imported france new_england resulting horses known ability race ice exported united_states north_carolina breeding center later tennessee late maintained early breeding histories impossible trace canadian influenced commonly called fastest members breed came quebec near racing began area long severe winters sunday races attending church mass common eventually races large church going populace races banned certain distance churches instead moved local rivers smooth frozen surfaces provided useful resulting contests drew attention quebec horses imported united_states canada lasting impact american horse breeding early 1800s coloured stallion named imported lexington kentucky quebec michigan began offered stud service spread eastern known mainly saddle stock included pacing horses stallion successful right founded important family appearing kentucky offered stud offspring carried family differentiated owner began family included little brown star champion harness racing horses pacing import black stallion named said bred near montreal originated pilot family horses old pilot produced son named pilot acclaimed horses successful harness horse
Canadian horse