adelaide adelaide formed network spanning suburban adelaide history dating adelaide ran horse electric primarily relied buses public transport electric adelaide main public transport life electric network closed 1950s line remains operation upgraded extended early use recreation daily travel entire families tourists 1950s family extent constructed gardens suburb extending line attract customers collecting million trips annually trips head population great depression maintenance system purchase new suffered competition private buses bus fleet growth private car ownership took patrons network 1950s network losing money replaced electric petrol driven bus fleet adelaide history preserved volunteer run commonly called museum continuing use type remaining line extended adelaide railway station upgrade included new purchases years types electric built respectively run line horse early years colony founded south_australia horse began operating peninsula years later adelaide city australia introduce horse eventually modern public transport trials street level trains run state adelaide streets mud winter dust summer led decision reliable sir prominent later adelaide spent time european 1870s impressed horse systems returning adelaide promoted concept leading issued adelaide private commercial interests lobbied government legislative support objections related licensing control result passed private act construction adelaide horse network scheduled completion years miles lines adelaide city centre suburbs completed services began june adelaide imported new_york united_states horse operations private companies government passing legislation line construction growth network rolling stock driven largely commercial considerations opening day newly founded adelaide began expanding horses manufacturing facility private act passed september allowed construction private horse additional acts passed line construction services companies companies operated double single level built duncan ran average speed miles hour usually horses pulling pool horse network companies expanded network initial line companies operating years having failed constructing tracks adelaide north adelaide line opened december separate port adelaide adelaide prospect streets widened especially lines including place feet prospect road total width feet line built standard gauge exception port adelaide line built accommodate steam engines requiring line raised avoid ground flooding miles horses cars isolated lines port adelaide brighton network joining suburbs adelaide network termini prospect accommodate specific needs horses streets left horses needed surface absorption soft surface good traction electric adelaide experiment electric powered demonstration run adelaide company line battery powered fitted patent electric traction ran trial unsuccessful batteries poor capacity promoters deaths level crossing accident shortly experiments horse commercial interests pursued government support introduction electric influential snow scheme promoted largely behalf london companies scheme involved purchase major horse merging electric company years exclusive running rights legislation passed referendum held required funds spent scheme collapsed adelaide council proposed scheme backed different companies couldn raise required capital promoted plans adelaide horse seen public city image population slow speed lines subsequent low traffic capacity inadequate public transport needs roads horses required winter sources dust summer pounds horse left daily regarded pressures government negotiated purchase horse companies march newspaper notice announced government purchased city passed december created authority build new purchase existing companies purchased company continued operating separately failure government purchased properties plant equipment existing purchase companies equipment included vehicles horses launch adelaide electric services remained horse horses control time required network continued run horse cost purchasing funded treasury bills act capped total construction costs mile track let contracts march construction strengthening adelaide bridge river associated works official ceremony starting track construction tracks originally laid monday november trial runs depot road nearby adelaide garden evening trial carrying premier governor official opening ceremony march electric driven price wife premier opened drove assisted chief engineer created created tax exempt body members appointed local councils government established acres depot site near corner depot building incoming tracks large administration office appointed engineer later general manager remained general manager retirement cater family constructed gardens current suburb extending line attract customers collecting million trips annually representing trips head population network reduced line decline network continued operate local bus routes inner metropolitan area services bus division ceased exist electric network opening miles kilometres track completed electricity supplied supply electric system ran supplied stations station capacity station capacity cope variable loads system large storage lead acid batteries installed initial comprising cells ton tank acid adelaide line steam railway ran street level victoria square originally privately owned taken south australian railways transferred line closed rebuilt standard gauge electrified converted operation reopening late port adelaide line time horse began converted electric operation opened april line opened weekend tourist traffic single return service line ran valley 4th creek tributary river farmland roads services line replaced buses line built adelaide line opened early maximum extent lines connected adelaide sea reached base adelaide hills northern southern limits prospect colonel electric types electric manufactured duncan cost approximately purchase commissioned electric kept service seventy years publicly owned company operating adelaide began introducing new type january form classic new series started enter service december original damaged shipping germany damaged form held parts depot replacement final delivered service type note type occasionally referred type resemblance class use frankfurt main designation adelaide originally purchased use madrid use system order time arrival cars deemed surplus requirements placed store new acquired cars originally numbered subsequently shipped australia renumbered fleet type type common newly opened lines seventy initial single truck combination style incorporated closed central saloon open capable miles hour seating capacity additional open benches bodies duncan built horse cars bodies electric melbourne service type originally fitted style seats saloon section cars numbers unknown seats replaced fixed seats removed type cars removed type seats fitted type fitted service lives instead normal use magnetic track brake emergency use march type lead car procession systems official opening type isolated port adelaide system closed briefly renumbered type having temporarily renumbered south australian centenary celebrations details type section type original number restored soon removed lines stored 1930s returning service petrol increasing passenger numbers permanently joined named comic characters pairs conserve manpower way pairs required conductor collect needed driver pair resulting percent reduction labour type withdrawn service coupled withdrawn service months earlier february sustaining accident damage sold use sold type coupled sets formed follows type seventeen type rebuilt duncan believed car rebuilt house converted type similar later types ends didn drop converted primarily isolated port adelaide system run ran retained previous type numbers refer fleet table cars fixed seating saloon car wooden seats running sides saloon wooden seating fitted open ends cars passenger capacity seated crush load type fitted service lives instead normal use magnetic track brake emergency use cars entered service port adelaide system ran service final closure system withdrawn service closure stored port adelaide depot transferred scrapped closure port adelaide system type managed varied use car aid room cars store rooms house spare parts originally ordered proposed fleet service finished car lunch room car partly converted driver instruction car early 1950s work involved mounting body car running gear car work completed type managed service closure port adelaide system transferred main system like type type converted coupled sets known sets involved cars type withdrawn service november sets type converted single car operation subsequently scrapped type type converted type rack entered service port adelaide system conversion work time undertaken house unlike type traditional wooden sides type flat steel plates fitted sides forming saloon unlike types large windows instead types despite different body work saloon section seating standing capacity types fitted service lives instead normal use magnetic track brake emergency use type introduced service port adelaide system ran closure system 1930s transferred remained year bodies sold eventually found way reportedly remain retained store advertising material remained capacity available museum eventual restoration rebuilt original type configuration type thirty initial known rack open structure open passengers seated cross benches weather protection cars sides duncan built summer mind limited utility lack weather fitted service lives instead normal use magnetic track brake emergency use cars converted combination redesignated types type rebuilt ballast motor use line conversion rebuild involved removal entire body work end pole mounted steel pole middle flat deck type cars withdrawn service scrapped vehicles including found uses depot store rooms fuel tank case converted use years ballast motor type public imported type built philadelphia united_states imported parts assembled partially open passengers sitting cross bench seats closed saloon end combination type carry seated passengers total crush load type cars powerful traction motors rated replacing original units rated original traction motors construction type cars built time main use routes taking picnic parties type rebuilt type acquired type currently converted original type configuration returned operational order type converted type removed saloon extended entire car length original timber saloon seats transferred newly converted saloon section original saloon received new seating original attached bulkhead retained conversion conversion mainly routes temporarily renumbered painted ivory gold south australian centenary celebrations type similar type saloon type sliding doors end benches giving weather protection similar cars built melbourne sold purchased injuries collecting standing centre isle cut centre bulkhead seats similarly modified melbourne prior purchase type planned purchase large delayed world war type small combination cars built interim measure similar basic design older type modern curved roof roof construction old motors type general_electric motors fitted new rated compared units fitted types considerably faster consequent higher speeds known new_zealand won races australia time speed useful competition buses 1920s peak service use royal visit inclusive allocated port adelaide system short period 1930s closure system mainly port adelaide albert park line 1930s original seating fitted replaced seats taken type numbers unknown type found home port possession family 1950s number retains fittings internally photo taken provided infrared photo types later type built type built house series built series built known drop centres centre section lowered height ease boarding fitted adelaide designed streams passengers board time large capacity reportedly comfortable ride series common adelaide introduction closure main network total drop centre built use adelaide main difference types lay construction types having combined steel timber frame construction later type having steel variations fleet detailed later number service come surprise number detail variations occurred fleet main variations listed cars fitted additional air brake pipes use hauling horse transport cars city line later removed possibly suspension horse transport service originally built drop centre built later control equipment nos control equipment cars control gear replaced general_electric control gear time controllers different type fitted original control gear ended solitary car cars completely timber seats drop centre section enclosed different styles seating cars seating cars imitation leather seating fitted seating wooden seating fitted october number type cream silver cars minor variations cars emergency exit door fitted compartment reducing seating capacity cars fitted doors cars fitted type trucks fitted cast type trucks final year operations type cars type trucks taken taking numbers order time original type cars withdrawn service type type service main adelaide street system making final run return november adelaide operations night exception line type means economic operation lightly system safety cars constructed imported complete numbered small class built features folding doors steps adelaide able operated man away need conductor built new port adelaide system fleet allocated transferred main system converted type rack types arrival years later adelaide entirely constructed overseas introduced service december ran port adelaide system years system completely closed july january february sold use renumbered fleet joined acquired new use making transferred operate system owned cars transferred arriving service ran revenue service system closed track retained tourist operation victoria preserved operational condition adelaide returning south_australia type known long rigid body end loading length saloon built specifically line commenced operations december incredibly cars remained limited heritage service line start nearly years introduced saw service routes closure built automatic fitted control gear operated multiple pairs triple car sets years service fitted air horns specifically designed use line type saw service north line line total cars built service line cars run trial time october cars opening line december february services line run triple car sets accident called saw practice discontinued 1930s type fitted different patterns fitted fitted fischer bow collector fitted fitted fitted fitted small tower mounted roof experiments reserve track section time fitted railway like overhead system traditional style overhead rest system overhead time suit operation fitted suffered uneven wear result experiment ceased ironically surviving type fitted years later october major round changes types occurred 1950s starting fleet traditional cream new silver interior completed end decade types withdrawn service taken service time december renumbered time series cars designed numbered fleet purposes table renumbered cars listed entire fleet original motors replaced motors originally intended fleet original numbers scrapped cars renumbered replace refer renumbering table result type fleet reduced cars onwards cars 2nd 2nd 2nd refurbished original cream originally entered service refurbishment experimental cream cars original timber interior restored variations refurbishment program black gold celebrate 50th anniversary line retained years briefly special number area students schools come festival year 1980s remaining cars disposed bringing operating fleet cars october opening new depot car fitted permanent basis overhead altered wire wear cars fleet subsequently fitted roller trucks replacing old plain short period installation pole retained end case finally removed soon silver refurbished new program introduced modern features cars eventually types refurbished new program previously disposed refurbished use restaurant launched november adelaide car restaurant run private operator successful later purchased renamed grand lady private operator operation success retained rarely seen mainline years stored depot sold available run occasions cars refurbished extent complete rebuild new modern controls added replacing original control gear seen service weekend public holiday charter trips service operational life years oldest public transport vehicles service australia hasn service sustaining damage purchase replacement sixteen type disposed sold total remainder donated destined uses varied restaurant attraction bed breakfast boarding house tourism display type arrival type car modern adelaide originally order type cars completed caused cancellation remaining thirty cars partly constructed scrapped completed result change policy like type based fitted type controllers case taken type details found type section originally fitted standard link pin type later fitted automatic style able operate multiple type power operated doors fitted ran trial run january entered service following month short operational life lines routed year built operate line closure february withdrawn revenue service december stored june moved street moved storage time permanent way depot remained donated museum result spent years preservation revenue service beginning january metres long articulated low floor vehicles built germany began operation ordered total cost million replace seventy seven year old type line won supply tender receiving initial order september ordered use city west extension opened october earlier cars outer harbor adelaide later deliveries shipped melbourne road hauled adelaide noted running evaluation trips parts melbourne network delivery adelaide station platforms lowered match new lower floors track replaced provide ride problems systems adelaide hot summer weather engineering changes classification varied generally referred type referred type fleet numbers type following classification system classifications designations use systems including class frankfurt state government considering instead purchasing accommodate increasing passenger numbers september order placed additional classic section numbered despite fairly new couple variations notably constantly changing advertising changes appearance considerably vehicle traditional leather hand holds installed instead rubber hand holds fitted rest fleet type newest adelaide model purchased second hand spanish city madrid compared classic service higher crush loading compared fewer seats metres longer formed articulated sections originally built order seventy spanish operator service madrid acquired service line provide services new line originally planned madrid network subsequent scaling plans resulted number placed storage arrival madrid turned wheel service bought came stock purchased run madrid saw couple weeks service demonstration stockholm demonstrated purchased modified preston workshops melbourne arriving adelaide renumbered numbers series vehicle numbers great depression needed expand services finances prevented laying new tracks decision trial converted petrol bus began running paradise lines permanent system opened continued running july decline network onwards compete private buses preceding route steal countered opening motor bus routes south australian government began regulating buses state private operators provision australian constitution advantage marking ticket fare point victoria allowing passengers board sooner companies avoided having regulation time end world war dependent public transport daily journeys introduction private automobiles decreased passenger numbers petrol world war led resurgence patronage patronage remained higher war discontinued start great depression closure network lot purchased shortages minimal maintenance network world war post war shortages prevented purchase new lost decision convert park lines electric lines ran lines lifted april royal commission held financial affairs resulting completely board late year driver safety concerns conflict increasing traffic road line temporarily converted motor buses line converted comment continuing maintenance unused overhead lines buses gradually way motor buses electric bus service ran july leaving remnant extensive light rail network sold scrapped preserved museums remaining line line integrated adelaide metro public transport network kilometre route centre adelaide suburb recently extended northern end currently adelaide remaining run approximately minute intervals january type cars provided services line entire line upgraded new track improved stops thirty metre long articulated low floor vehicles built germany replaced type regular day day service refurbished type retained operate restricted heritage service saturdays fitted safety measures similar new including control electro magnetic track brakes kilometre extension victoria square king opened public october extensions subject public debate tourism minister expressed support line extended prospect transport minister stated practical option preferred option creation fare free city loop state budget government announced extend line extension completed early existing terminus inner north west suburb park ride service set port road following expected electrification outer harbour rail lines new trains run travel certain sections line ticket permitted sections stops stops till entertainment centre travelling outside zones tickets fined police adelaide museums
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