edible species fungus family described new science commonly known usual mycorrhizal association trees fruit bodies mushrooms sticky reddish brown caps long thick whitish background color punctuated small black scales known found pacific_northwest region united_states canada common species california mushroom edible opinions vary quality usually distinguished similar mushrooms large size reddish cap dark whitish stipe association taxonomy described american mycologist collections california previous year state known close association trees classified section genus closely related species section include description fruit bodies massive occasionally reaching weights pounds cap diameter spherical convex young broadly convex flattened shaped surface cap deeply pitted sticky covered pressed hairs conspicuous edge cap color dark red stages development cap flesh thick white exposed slowly irregularly changing dark brownish gray reddish intermediate state change color injury pronounced young specimens tubes comprising long attachment stipe color pale olive young bruised pores diameter angular color tubes stipe long thick apex club shaped swollen middle solid hollow dry surface covered small stiff projections called usually whitish young eventually turn dark brownish grey age stipe flesh bluish color bruised reaction variable slow occur distinctive taste odor mushroom produce brown spore print spores somewhat elliptical cylindrical tapered end walls smooth moderately thick spore bearing cells basidia club shaped pear shaped spored cystidia club shaped narrow elongated found stipe surface thin walled club shaped somewhat end sharp point measure clamp connections absent hyphae hyphae cap cuticle arranged form hyphae emerge roughly parallel perpendicular cap surface chemical tests help confirm identify mushroom drop potassium solution turn tubes pale red acid tubes produces orange yellow solution applied flesh results pale grey color described variety var similar main form appearance habitat smaller narrowly elongated spores typically wide longer edibility edible taste rated highly described flavor bland drying mushroom improve flavor field guide advises caution selecting species table reported similar looking mushrooms found rocky_mountains pacific_northwest region united_states similar species field fruit bodies usually distinguished similar species large size reddish cap dark whitish stipe association dark red sticky cap flesh exposure cap smooth young grows cap orange known california species associates cap whitish stipe significantly mushroom matures found coniferous forests coloration similar brown capped associated ornamental birch usually cultivated landscapes found exclusively california paler undergo color changes cut flesh exposed air found near coastal regions species found northern regions west_coast dry cap edge dark olive pores densely arranged stipe associates habitat distribution mycorrhizal species fruit bodies grow singly scattered soil known occur north_america commonly found central california southern oregon reported north washington british_columbia canada considered abundant california
Leccinum manzanitae