born february april jewish actor star theater later london new_york_city theater district nicknamed great eagle eagle achieved theatrical success career rapidly cut short theater banned russia star theater london second voyage united_states settled new_york_city soon started company new theater notably recruiting theater realistic playwright scored great triumph title role jewish king set 19th century russia portrayal shakespeare form core persona defined grand jew nearly family went theater probably famous daughter taught method acting childhood youth born russian_empire ukraine father unsuccessful grain merchant mother née tall beautiful woman originally wealthy family estranged family husband leaving son marry father marriage cost status priest paternal grandfather lived years pious man family jewish religious practices time lived according real patriarch family wealthy uncle aaron later model portrayal roles jewish king grew foot traditional jewish world modern european granddaughter writes jewish enlightenment organized system ideas probably knew little education irregular family fortunes rose fell sent jewish religious school russian language county school pulled school entirely private tutor months wrote sum learning little russian grammar french phrases grew jewish christian survived fledged played year old started going witness public executions criminals later develop interest attending courtroom trials began working textile factory soon rose white collar job salary month decent adult living home began frequent district brush stardom briefly boxer known jake fist soon got bored boxing new connections sons rich fathers attorneys etc good dancer crowd young regularly crashed wedding parties local celebrity continued reputation best dancer left factory memoir hints door servant girls description life point step life crime uncle hot theater lover interested theater beauty cut clothes good fortune great theater cities time leader working lawyers going theater tavern party night later draw life time portrayal living corpse years numerous love affairs prevented love marriage dubious reputation compounded mother divorce survived family financially ruined destruction possessions theft money writing period memoir mentions attending performances singer actor soon founders professional theater song old father turned away children later idea king writes singer like voice lack singing voice major factor direction acting career according theater long dominated actor rely entirely classics translations modern european plays inspector outbreak russo turkish war brought universal conscription young men family urging way assistant selected apparently little appearance work german hospital dealing mainly patients months favorite established jewish families earned gold medal outstanding achievement brief service returning got job distributing newspapers respectable work required getting good newspaper connection meant soon heard war effects jewish merchants war brought nascent theater acquaintances con man wealthy jewish family actors left found company touring wrote urge bring troupe managed leverage recommendation businessman successful earned nickname jewish job marketplace inspector unusual jew time mildly corrupt tenure gave good contacts police soon come certain problems young theater troupe returned romania end war meant collapse theater provinces ready start troupe actor found serving troupe critic making use vast knowledge russian theater productions grandmother granddaughter popular successes account suggests basically mediocre appalled theater child circus acting career remark entirely classics translations modern european plays tell story hand responsible recruiting theater playwright scored great triumph title role jewish king set 19th century russia 50s hesitant advantage prowess dancer occasionally took roles called singing accounts including russia wrote memoir passion future wife family theater vision theater kept profession despite uncle view cast opposite title role comic pulled strings role reassigned success role cut short news plays permission coming troupe account says came urging father attributes enemies ethical men withdrew troupe tour soon come accommodation troupe officially recognized touring company attached troupe greater detail time company account took leave absence job travel troupe successful acting debut lover marcus witch leave lost government post decision time actor effectively unhappy shares regime taste real stardom people camped awaiting performances police fallen love troupe dressing actors uniforms parties shows trying troupe costumes low pay led unsuccessful actors strike series led breakup ultimately led troupe led marriage particular troupe broke players remain form new included actress later famous turned opportunity act russian language production time appeared elaborate intrigue demonstrate loyalty recruited troupe time appeared headed triumphant entry saint_petersburg changed assassination mourning meant performances capital addition political climate russia turned sharply jews troupe time played mainly russian soldiers ended having sue pay left rejoin playing tent theater matters proved worse soon fell prey troupe managed avoid harm partly convincing french theater troupe partly making use money won court played title role series roles developed persona later grand jew landed incompetent investor director named thought found quiet corner russian_empire bit fact simply running money financial consequences collapse company series benefit performances coordination local russian language theater company returned birth daughter stayed weeks sort russian character actors national fame returned thinking likely leave theater late life looked years acting companies saw merely childhood career describes thoughts end period years cave witch clown know trade someday return theater let ignorant returning discovered employ job actor troupe brought partner troupe toured lithuania aiming bring troupe saint_petersburg brought manager august news arrived total ban placed theater russia troupe left stranded took ill died difficulty passage london troupe arranged cattle ship exchange entertaining crew time israel wife reappeared wanted include group headed london according played roles essentially told attempted convince change mind insisted including travel party considered best actors theater great asset performances london felt lacked depth actor tried come london london time london wrote theater destined infancy russia america grew success london school arrived london contacts center jewish london time encountered extremes poverty describes exceeding seen russia new_york distinguished chief british_empire time relative father written letter introduction hebrew farther desires assist language theater viewed existed expense hebrew english necessary upward mobility orthodox judaism endure blessing given stage blessing given vain afraid portrayals jews stage aid comfort enemies time theater london meant amateur clubs arrival professional actors russia worked great changes bringing theater london new level allowing modest poverty wage memoir acknowledges people helped ways eventually aid particular relative playwright orchestra leader stage manager able presented generally theater audiences adapted paris play written eve revolutions starred role continue play career months later played theatre audience including jewish west end london jews use cardboard ram horn avoid chief son eventual successor present especially younger favorably impressed mentions english language press playing small audiences tiny stages communal stars day jobs playing saturday sunday pious london jews tolerated friday performances focused theater like soon fell ideology parts verbal boiled improvised stage dialogue ultimately left theater series locations notably paris eventually came london died november theatrical club princes street street purpose built financed butcher named seated playing night friday earning week fame proportion money prominent figures theater including future gave guest performances passed london famous roles period villain adaptation introduced theater occasion played play hero brother play meet prove terrible year daughter died died infection contracted giving birth son carrying affair young woman kaiser pregnant son charles depressed death passed offer relocate united_states taken instead winter audience panicked thought simulated stage fire real people died authorities determined fault club allowed reopen crowds return theater writes cold dark hunt wolves gallery affair continued took young chorus girl orthodox jewish family memoir extremely unclear sequence hints affairs time memoir clear hot little interest marriage father insisted marriage despised clear doubted marriage aid small sum money distant relative chief got money travel new_york infant son family doubt glad actors leaving london new_york promptly discovered romanian use headed chicago brief initial success troupe fell apart combination labor disputes competition managed start restaurant headed new_york autumn managed sign romanian failing find similar situation returned london drawn remain long london major successes warsaw austrian rule returned london spring new_york time play theater initial failure writes new_york audience time ready success melodrama worthy success gave basis bring america marriage didn divorce remarried fell initially business time marriage falling apart eventually went road time pioneering touring circuit theater america played philadelphia chicago word arrived opportunity having moved returned new_york managed win away new_york renaming attempted produce language theater new_york seen theater district plays enormous popular success moses david ben temporarily abandon programming competed head second destruction temple america content continue long mode sought playwright create pieces appeal jewish public providing type theater proud perform recruited respected novelist intellectual recently arrived new_york living journalist precursor forward plays siberia worlds commercial failures quit company king starring new wife success play eventually transferred larger play based loosely shakespeare played popular audience jewish intellectuals time largely ignored ending time commercial dominance year wild man solidified change direction theater entering seen period greatness decades play cases merely produce numerous plays classics shakespeare works modern frequently works great contemporary writing english staged new_york years decades staged english having famously played shakespeare merchant venice stage played role broadway production directed production spoke lines rest cast spoke english new_york_times review performance favorable particular acting style audiences period expected production shakespeare reviews event production revived years later writes great time played morally superior christians driven cruelty cruel contrast justification total aim words governed pride revenge wishes humble insult humiliation suffered hands goes far bring knife scales court desired climax refuse pound flesh gesture divine compassion verdict goes crushed robbed opportunity death interpretation tried road method acting clear broadway returned theater wake went briefly eastern_europe summer tried convince family members come america greeted hero partially successful convincing people leave mother particular determined finish life father died years earlier persuaded sister follow america husband died heart disease raising seven children emigrated returning new_york jointly leased intending use different nights week exhausted russian trip leaving nights unused offered buy condition return performing new_york insulted speak months time living courtyard place apartments decided perform decided translation russian play great success successful production play obviously happy friendship renewed followed equally successful productions original homeless built corner purpose built theater new_york wife branched plays brooklyn family taken residence story elevator later time riverside drive time wrote piece saying theater new_york eclipsed english language theater quality golden age years saw half million new jewish immigrants new_york largest audience theater lighter fare hung making fortune plays titles like servant girl far fare like scored major success time known redemption translated despite socialist politics found labor dispute played season london new_york stroke upstate new_york nearly ended acting career continued appear occasionally usually benefit performance playing act king title character remains seated entire act perform title role revival stranger inspired character sick broken man able integrate physical weakness portrayal march collapsed suddenly dying instantly family married times died divorced finally actress previously survived years daughter died age died infection contracted giving birth son son things screenwriter married affair son stage actor daughter children known actors lesser known actors jay julia florence jacob members sister sarah seven children emigrated new_york niece sarah daughter broadway actress appeared films memoir memoirs published new_york socialist newspaper briefly resumed unsuccessful revival paper granddaughter english translation published portion memoir gives detailed picture russian years portion gives detailed picture time london relative timing relationships wife contains relatively description new_york career english language book memoirs attempts fill gaps commentary writes humor describes director young man long hair short brains half educated vienna half actor refers poor looking come mothers gray old early london years writes played tiny audience stage size played happiness small essay passages wrote describes time saw played memorial choice play memorial written better things nonetheless acknowledges bitter teeth called ghosts shakespeare tears cursed fate bound cursed condemned tears rose life past stage poor weak step theater thank happiness gave thank beloved
Jacob Pavlovich Adler