known united_kingdom maple united_states flowering plant species family large deciduous broad tree tolerant wind coastal exposure native france eastwards ukraine northern turkey southwards mountains northern spain italy establishes easily seed introduced british isles parts europe north_america australia new_zealand invasive species grow height branches form broad rounded crown bark grey smooth young later irregular patches leaves grow long large large flowers greenish yellow hang called produce amounts attractive insects winged seeds borne pairs ground freely following spring native range associated range invertebrates fungi present areas introduced planted urban areas value tree produces hard wearing white close timber making musical instruments furniture wood kitchen makes good rising spring extract sugar alcoholic non alcoholic drinks honey bees collecting taxonomy etymology described swedish naturalist type species maple genus forms varieties proposed including natural varieties var var var forms considered synonyms specific refers superficial similarity leaves bark plane trees genus prefix meaning false genera different families related differ position leaves attached stem alternate paired opposite fruit spherical clusters paired winged fruit common originally applied species referred bible native southwest asia common names tree include false plane tree great maple scottish maple mount maple mock plane celtic maple description large deciduous tree reaches tall maturity branches forming broad crown bark young trees smooth grey age breaks scales exposing pale brown pinkish inner bark produced opposite pairs approximately oval shape pointed scales modified leaves protect green edged dark brown dark brown tips leaves shed leave shaped marks called leaf stem leaves opposite large long broad pointed toothed texture thick veins protruding underside dark green colour paler underside purple tinged yellowish leaves leaf stalk long tinged red leaf like structures base bisexual yellow green flowers produced leaves early summer june british isles long flowers stalk fruits paired winged seeds seeds diameter wing long developed extension wall wings held right angles distinguishing wings opposite parallel shed wing catches wind fruit falls slowing descent enabling wind disperse parent tree seeds mature autumn months cell having sets sets trees produce flowers hanging branched clusters known contain variety different flower types bisexual male female organs function male bisexual function males bisexual function females flower types produce female flowers flowers produce female flowers producing greater volume higher sugar content trees variable wide range strategies prevent self undesirable limits genetic variation formed mixture male female flowers tree flower types opens type opens later trees male starters year female starters change sex place different dates different parts crown different trees population come bloom course weeks cross encouraged self completely prevented species section including natural ranges overlap hybrids section known basal leaf reduced size making leaves appear distribution native central eastern europe western asia natural range includes albania austria belgium bulgaria czech_republic georgia germany greece hungary italy lithuania poland romania southern russia switzerland yugoslavia reports occurring eastern turkey found refer probably introduced britain tudor period recorded wild kent date introduction ireland unclear oldest specimen ireland dates seventeenth century introduced sweden seeds obtained holland lack old native names demonstrate absence britain introduction challenged presence old tree suggests longer presence scotland far settlement late 6th early 7th centuries tree introduced humans native seen reached scotland human intervention moment usually classified plant arrived humans year today present britain native tree species introduced suitable locations outside europe attractive tree park street garden include united_states canada australia victoria tasmania chile new_zealand laurel forests azores time introduction probably appreciated prolific production seeds day cause problem landscape spread competed native species tree considered environmental parts australia ranges victoria near parts forests considered invasive species new_zealand norway environmentally sensitive locations united_kingdom introduced united_states planted new_york new_jersey later cultivated park street tree new_england mid-atlantic states early 21st century fourteen states connecticut delaware illinois kentucky maine michigan north_carolina new_jersey new_york pennsylvania rhode_island washington canadian provinces british_columbia new_brunswick nova_scotia ontario considers invasive species ecology native range natural component birch beech fir forests readily disturbed habitats forest plantations abandoned farmland land railway lines native semi natural woodland new_zealand high country grassland introduced invasive species laurel forest portugal potential threat rare endemic tolerant wide range soil types heavy clay best nutrient rich slightly soils roots form highly specific beneficial mycorrhizal associations fungus promotes soil internal mycorrhizal type fungus grows tissues root forms branched tree like structures cells root larvae number species use leaves food source include maple prominent prominent horse chestnut leaf occasionally lays eggs larvae survive second leaves attract feed flowers produce amounts attractive bees insects seeds eaten small mammals birds introduced plant britain relatively small associated insect fauna species larger range native field maple tree attacked horse chestnut scale insect trunk branches cause damage tree strip bark branches stem result branches die leaving brown leaves produces small red similar nail leaves field maple april onwards causes felt underside leaves norway maple foliage producing large quantities sticky foliage cars garden furniture beneath susceptible bark disease caused fungus causes crown death branches rectangular patches bark detached exposing thick layers black fungal spores fungus present symptoms years working way bark following long hot summers spores hyper cause condition called maple bark disease fungus forms disease known tar spot black spots yellow margins form foliage leaves fall prematurely tree little affected leaf spot caused fungus results pale leaves later dry fall disease cause moderate leaf loss trees little affected long run cultivation self seeds vigorously seeds spring little seed bank soil readily propagated seed cultivation varieties relied breed true special propagated variety notable bright salmon pink colour young foliage gained rare form branches var sold exotic nursery england published supplement specimens known survive noted tolerance wind urban pollution salt spray low summer temperatures makes popular tree planting cities roads treated salt winter coastal cultivated widely north native range notably british isles scandinavia north norway seeds far north iceland occurs british isles having introduced 16th century new growth roots cut produce poles types small timber grow comparatively rapidly reaching feet diameter years grown species medium large areas europe fine specimens found uses planted parks ornamental purposes street tree tolerance air pollution makes suitable use urban tolerance wind planted coastal exposed areas produces hard wearing white cream close timber turns golden age wood worked direction making musical instruments furniture wood non kitchen wooden rolling boards scotland traditionally making fine boxes association contrasting dark coloured wood reference white maple english christmas carol town bowl white maple tree presumably refers silver white maple occur naturally europe white wood field maple occasionally trees produce wood grain greatly increasing value decorative wood medium weight hardwood weighing cubic metre traditional wood use making backs violins wood marketed straight twigs rising allows bark separated branches customs associated early cornwall wood fuel easy saw split axe producing hot flame good burnt scotland favoured tree lower branches rarely broke strain male female flowers produce abundant makes pale coloured honey dull yellow collected food sources rises vigorously spring like sugar maple tapped provide refreshing drink source sugar beer notable specimens tree england agricultural labourers known formed early trades union found breached transported australia subsequent public outcry led release return tree metres feet inches study dated tree tree cared tree ancient described plane distinctive yellow foliage stood village suburb edinburgh scotland tree planted 15th century named form claimed largest scotland scene murder tree blown storm boxing day replacement grown cutting stands churchyard tree commemorated badge designed feature tree single horn redesigned club centenary abbey abbey near planted specimen earliest known planting date scotland achieved height time toppled gale age years money tree founded monastery ireland sixth century spring considered holy visited pilgrims nineteenth century protestant land owner annoyed people visiting site filled water started flow hollow interior tree road filled people hung tree pressed coins trunk offerings known years later fell new shoots appeared base water remains place day february
Acer pseudoplatanus