structure structure john passion german passion sacred carefully designed great deal theological intent main aspects structure shown tables original latin title translates passion john bach large choral composition parts german text written performed lutheran service good friday based passion told chapters gospel john john john translation short version gospel matthew gospel mark service parts work performed sermon covers events peter denial jesus concludes burial jesus bible text reflected contemporary poetry end scene narration similar way ends bach anonymous poet supplied texts quoted passion texts inserted bach led performance april leipzig repeated times experimenting different movements changes resulted versions fifth performed representing standard version passion close bach heart immediate dramatic quality structure text gospel gospel account john narrates story scenes corresponding movement numbers given bach nba arrest john denial palace high priest john hearing john john death john burial burial site john regard movement conclusion scene aria action courthouse including regard scene ending comment bach incorporated short version matthew gospel mark matthew john describing peter matthew john describing tearing temple curtain version replaced mark narrator tenor jesus male characters sung bass people called die jews sung chorus dramatic movements immediate dramatic quality kind musical equivalent passion play relies setting interaction historical persons jesus peter crowd soldiers priests populace points structure reflect narration lutheran hymns possibly bach influence selection set common time parts instruments playing voices conclude scene movements opens comment scene including central movement passion accompanies bass aria texts written 16th 17th century authors reformation hymn writers including central common hymn contemporary text level text contemporary poetry reflects biblical narration compiled unknown author partly existing text passion der die der und den hamburg copied movements found movement der leipzig took movements partly scoring work scored vocal soprano alto tenor bass choir orchestra violins viola bach added instruments special effects old fashioned time viola viola bach differentiate voice christ singing words jesus bass tenor symmetry work displays thoughtful symmetry center parts court hearing confronts jesus people middle hearing argument talks prison freedom surrounded choral movements ask jesus use musical motifs second time intensified symmetry similar musical material preceding choir explains law corresponding movement reminds emperor authority challenged calling king preceding jesus greeted king corresponding motif later request change inscription saying king claimed king versions bach led performance april service good friday performed sermon sermon bach performed second version good friday year later march changes date version version version bach opened man sins great stanza hymn movement ultimately conclude matthew passion returning previous chorus later versions alternative sung choir replaced closing movements chorus christ lamb god published bach took movement und audition piece leipzig post passion version bach wrote matthew passion returned opening chorus final chorus position eliminated gospel passages matthew closing version bach returned version possibly revised thoroughly began new score covers movements observes revised score constitutes extensive stylistic overhaul improvements writing partial restructuring instrumentation particular attention paid word setting accompaniment bach performed john passion performance passion writes bach experimented john passion large scale composition possible work structure gospel text backbone interspersed features exchanged concludes work accompanied bach right year thomas penultimate year life reason close heart overview following movement numbers nba version noted detail movement inserted jesus said arrest let disciples mighty love love measure stanza hymn personal reflection speaker sees contrast pleasure world suffering jesus ending short und thou suffer second movement ends scene arrest jesus remarks lord god alike stanza hymn lord prayer movement inserted jesus asks beat justification hymn comment scene stanza hat thee stricken stanza und highlighting personal responsibility speaking suffering jesus fourth movement ends second scene arrest denial peter der peter fails think scene stanza hymn und fifth movement opens scene court hearing der christ blessed stanza hymn jesus endure innocent captive falsely indicted mocked sixth movement comments jesus addressed different kind kingdom stanza allen mighty mighty ages reflects kingdom need thanksgiving stanza inability grasp mit reason seventh movement central movement passion conversation crowd general statement importance passion salvation die prison son god come freedom known hymn text aria john passion seventh movement ends scene court hearing refuses change inscription heart foundation stanza hymn eighth movement related jesus telling mother john care stanza hymn ninth movement bass aria follows immediately report death jesus der nun jesus thou suffered death forever final stanza hymn tenth movement ends scene christ help christ son god stanza hymn eleventh movement ends passion lord let angels dear stanza hymn tables movements following tables overview versions passion performed versions movement numbers given bach nba older bach voices appear columns depending text source bible contemporary poetic reflection instrumentation added instruments followed key time signature nba number corresponding movement work symmetry version extant flute parts version movements normally require violins doubling performed bach lists version version addition flute parts late sunday trinity bach revised heavily text music added movements passion texts thought listed version iii version bach reverted original layout previous revisions additions decided compose true eliminated material inserted gospel matthew ends measure movement eliminated altogether replaced lost viola replacing organ con possibly performed definitely listed essentially reworking 1st version version detail oriented work march working revision bach informed performance passion setting ahead official permission likely effectively halting plans year response bach performed friend stopped movement continued work revision borne score parts listed version essentially production version alterations text changes movements instrumentation reflection performed likely repeated represents outside largest instrumental ensemble calling 1st violins time work calls choral parts instrumental listed scores scores passion version retrieved march passion second version retrieved march passion version retrieved march passion fourth version retrieved march passion standard version retrieved march free choral sheet music retrieved march version retrieved april version retrieved april traditional version retrieved april books franklin john passion theology musical structure volume isbn alfred german isbn german isbn michael choral listener guide isbn online sources passion retrieved march passion retrieved march thomas melodies bach vocal works mit retrieved march francis retrieved march bach leipzig passion retrieved march allmusic retrieved march die und der interpretation von bach german isbn frank passion german passion bach retrieved march bach john passion retrieved march john passion retrieved april
St John Passion structure