gospel gospel greek gospel according jewish christian gospel text lost fragments survive brief quotations early writings reference table lost books bible table gospel according fragments contain traditions jesus pre existence incarnation baptism probable distinctive features include characterized belief holy spirit jesus divine mother resurrection appearance james brother jesus showing high regard james leader jewish christian church jerusalem probably composed greek decades 2nd century believed jewish christians egypt century jewish christian gospel referred believing different versions passages gospel quoted summarized blind quoted directly commentaries gospel supplement canonical provide source material commentaries based scripture included list disputed writings known noting church fell use canon codified end 4th century modern scholars classify gospel jewish christian gospel gospel known today fragments preserved quotations early relationship jewish christian hypothetical original remains speculation origin characteristics gospel jewish christian gospel refer language composition thought greek associated egypt probably began circulating alexandria egypt decades 2nd century jewish christian communities communities belonged traditional conservative christians followed teaching primitive christian church jerusalem integrating understanding jesus strict jewish customs law regarded essential salvation despite gospel displays connection jewish christian literature appear based gospel matthew canonical orthodox christianity instead taken alternative oral forms underlying traditions fragments suggest influence support close ties traditional literature content gospel preserved fragments quoted summarized early extent original gospel unknown according list canonical works drawn 9th century known gospel lines lines shorter matthew based surviving fragments overall structure gospel appears similar canonical ones consisted narrative life jesus included baptism supper resurrection gospel contained jesus events life jesus interpreted way reflects jewish ideas present cultural environment wide agreement seven quotations cited critical 3rd german edition new testament translated translations follow order christ wished come earth men good father summoned mighty power heaven called michael entrusted christ care thereof power came world called mary christ seven months fragment identifies jesus son holy spirit idea found james indication egyptian origin gospel came pass lord come water holy spirit descended rested said son waiting thee thou come rest thee thou art rest thou art son commentary fragment uses language jewish wisdom literature applies holy spirit spirit waited vain son rest holy spirit finds son belongs christian idea pre existent finally jesus mother holy spirit hairs carry away great mountain commentary john fragments giving accounts jesus baptism spring widespread myth descent divine wisdom parallel passages matthew luke john gospel thomas differences fragment orthodox canonical considerable person narrative account jesus replaced holy spirit holy spirit identified jesus mother shall reign reigned shall rest seeks rest till finds found shall marvel shall reign reigned shall rest fragment chain saying seek find marvel reign rest describing steps salvation rest equals state salvation saying similar themes found literature similarity saying gospel thomas suggests text influenced wisdom teaching joyful save brother love commentary gospel according counted offenses spirit brother commentary fragments ethical saying jesus suggesting teachings formed significant gospel gospel according records resurrection lord given cloth servant priest went james appeared james sworn eat bread hour drunk cup lord risen sleep shortly lord said bring table bread immediately added took bread blessed brake gave james said brother eat bread son man risen sleep fragment emphasizes importance james brother jesus head jewish christian movement jerusalem jesus death jewish character community gospel addition direct quotations gospel stories summarized cited translations scripture gospel luke question person installed place person double clear gospel blind commentary summary gospel passage identifies matthew tax collector called follow jesus story woman accused sins lord contained gospel according citation story found writings believed refer alternate version account john gospel jesus woman taken adultery related woman condemned jews sin taken customary place order told caught sight saw ready stone said wanted throw stones let lift stone throw certain let stone hit examined recognized bore responsibility certain actions dare stone blind commentary source found independent tradition story woman non canonical gospel alexandria gospel theology gospel strongly influenced jewish christian wisdom teaching holy spirit represented manifestation called mother feminine aspect spirit indication semitic influence language gospel spirit takes jesus mount single hair echoing old testament themes stories dan gospel emphasizes prophecy jesus baptism adopts elements theology spirit gathered place moment jesus baptism son spirit found eternal rest reigns forever seek find rule rest language comes tradition stages way salvation believer encouraged emulate divine wisdom rest holy spirit waits finally finds son found wisdom chain saying describes progression seeking finding salvation similar conception salvation found corpus rest understood ultimate goal truth leads salvation descriptive unity wisdom lies heart resting holy spirit moment jesus baptism understood timeless sense union rest pre existent son father keeping conception rest highest gift salvation reception listed disputed writings early church despite occasionally reservations source support arguments reports 2nd century church father gospel source writing rome blind relied directly gospel provide supplement canonical quoted gospel discourse divine wisdom compare differing views relationship word holy spirit claimed gospel relied excerpts commentaries quoted proof prophecy based explain jesus expectations gospel excluded canon catholic_church closing canon end 4th century longer cited source church literature subsequent closing canon gospel mentioned virgin mary attributed collection stories believed written half 6th century author known scholars refers dialogue monk nature mary monk contends divine power sent heaven monk teaching author attributes later mentions gospel listing rejected church includes gospel ecclesiastical histories refers usage relationship texts early church fathers believed jewish christian gospel different versions scholars long recognized possibility references gospel variants particularly problematic unclear gospel referring source quotations gospel referred gospel jewish christian sect known gospel adopted scholars describe fragments quotations believed originate gospel based traditions similar gospel known attributed second jewish christian group known scholars conventionally referred seven fragments greek gospel harmony preserved quotations gospel existence independent jewish christian distinct characteristics regarded established consensus conclusion recently challenged respect composition gospel known relationship gospel relationship gospel jewish christian hypothetical original uncertain ongoing subject scholarly investigation
Gospel of the Hebrews