clause clause provision sixth amendment united_states_constitution regulating vicinity jury pool selected clause says accused shall entitled jury state district crime shall committed district shall previously law clause limits vicinity criminal jury selection state federal judicial district crime committed venue provision article united states constitution location actual trial clause roots medieval english criminal procedure perceived abuses criminal venue colonial period anti objections united_states_constitution clause constitutional criminal procedure provisions incorporated apply proceedings state courts grand jury clause fifth amendment maybe eighth amendment clause led little litigation overlap practical matter venue provision article rule exception includes portions idaho montana federal judicial district includes territory states short lived district background english law colonial period oxford english dictionary defines number places lying near taken collectively area extending limited distance round particular spot neighbourhood cites king began causes jury men chosen according medieval england jury referred jury drawn relevant county statute henry_viii england permits treason committed outside realm tried commissioners realm shall assigned king majesty commission parliament renewed statute law try colonists accused treason england statute united_kingdom permits destruction magazines ships ammunition supplies committed outside realm tried county realm statute permitted capital crimes committed massachusetts tried england neighboring province indifferent trial massachusetts protests revolutionary period condemned renewal treason law trials treason treason crime whatsoever committed majesty said colony dominion person persons residing ought right conducted majesty courts held said colony according fixed known course proceedings seizing person persons residing colony suspected crime whatsoever committed sending person persons places sea tried highly rights british subjects resolution referred privilege tried jury declaration resolves continental congress adopted october resolved respective colonies entitled common law england especially great privilege tried peers according course law october approved address people quebec drafted arguing great right trial jury provides life liberty property taken peers neighbourhood reasonably supposed acquainted character characters witnesses united_states declaration independence accuses transporting seas tried pretended offences drafting constitution new jersey plan contained provision person shall liable tried criminal offense committed united_states state offense shall committed proposals similar amended language included article section clause article iii provides trial crimes shall held state said crimes shall committed provision received debate omission right united_states_constitution objections anti ratification constitution explained omission clause virginia convention follows objected yesterday provision jury safety opposed happen trial county suppose rebellion district impossible jury trial jury held sacred england america england greater happened established independence taken place long time left legislative discretion case trial departed cases necessary left discretion legislature modify according circumstances complete satisfactory answer virginia ratified constitution bill rights including right trial jury added amendment north_carolina adopted virginia refused constitution absence new_york rhode_island ratified constitution similar virginia case rhode_island sixth amendment sent states ratification massachusetts include right including right considered rejected pennsylvania drafting clause house original draft jury provision sixth amendment provided trial crimes cases cases arising land naval forces militia actual service time war public danger shall jury conviction right challenge accustomed provided cases crimes committed county possession enemy general insurrection prevail trial law authorized county state near seat offence madison intended language replace article section clause constitution amended madison language follows trial crimes cases cases arising land naval forces militia actual service time war public danger shall jury conviction right challenge accustomed crime committed place possession enemy insurrection prevail indictment trial law authorized place state committed place state indictment trial place places law directed proposed replaced district county offence committed argued better term understood gentleman legal knowledge amendment defeated amended committee language passed house committee undertaking task transforming amendments body constitution separate bill rights moved language article deleted language concerning crimes committed state senate senate debated bill rights september september returned version house september senate deleted clause house version sixth amendment exception grand jury indictment clause motion restore house wording failed little known senate debate illness senator journal key source proceedings senate congress september letter madison reports senate sent plan amendments strike opinion articles states criminal cases taken state large districts considerable extent county dislike restraint respect produced negative clause similar fate altered form senate returned bill rights house lead conference committee composed members bodies members committee house proposed jury simply defined accustomed members committee senate opposed requirement believing provisions judiciary act debate sufficient second letter madison recounts senators opposing definition locality contend vague strict term vague depending limits fixed pleasure law strict limited county proposed insert word accustomed leaving definition according judgment professional men obtained truth states practice different difference ideas subject states drawn body community large districts number counties single county senate suppose provision judiciary bill sufficiently quiet fears called amendment point committee adopted version passed congress ratified states criminal accused shall enjoy right trial jury state district crime shall committed district shall previously law interpretation jury clause applies grand cases finding violation clause assumed deciding clause apply grand state district murder cases arising supreme_court held clause places limits prosecution crimes committed outside territory state clause require jury drawn judicial division federal judicial district crime occurred jury drawn division district clause prevent jury drawn solely judicial division judicial district entire judicial district crime shall committed crime shall committed language clause parallel venue provision article said crimes shall committed rule procedure offense committed provisions interpreted tandem refer offense district shall previously law lower courts split clause requires defendant tried judicial district existence time crime committed courts held held district need prior trial proponents view found congress divides judicial district retains configuration past offenses incorporation fifth sixth circuits held clause incorporated states fourteenth amendment perfect crime professor college law argues clause permit commission perfect crime portion national park state idaho entire park idaho portion park residents perfect crime committed lightly populated montana portion park argues arguments government favor prosecution unsuccessful idaho portion park state judicial district changed crime argues clause permit variety strategies partially close government able charge crimes occur exclusively idaho portion park example defendant second government charge crimes maximum authorized sentence months jury right attach clause permit government encourage potential idaho portion park crime fourth government argue interpretation clause arguing jury drawn satisfy purposes clause notes clause protect civil liability justice problem cited reason dissolve nevada short lived county specially created purposes shifting federal transfer payments related creation nuclear waste facility directly state treasury similar provisions state adoption federal constitution state provided explicit right virginia constitution provided capital criminal man right jury men pennsylvania constitution read similarly said county instead amended contrast original thirteen state contained explicit criminal venue provisions new_hampshire georgia required crimes tried county committed maryland massachusetts contained similar provisions appeal held man shall liable called answer civil forum home tribunal
Vicinage Clause