day day arabic traditionally given arabic historiography battle fought banks river modern army muslim ibn campaigning learned advance immediately arabs began hasty retreat pursued harassed cavalry finally days army reached caught forces native arabs managed break cross river defeat led collapse muslim rule region remained disputed territory arabs fighting control background region arabic conquered leader reign following muslim conquests persia century native iranian populations autonomous local rulers remained questionable demonstrated princes sent petition chinese military aid governors responded launching series attacks muslims beginning incursions coupled uprisings local governor ibn harshly suppressed unrest restored muslim position time control lost expedition day replaced governor muslim ibn resolved late year launch expedition goal seizing campaign faced difficulties early stages news arrived accession new appointment new governor iraq expecting muslim imminent recall new regime troops initially refused join campaign forced join army force composed northern arabs ibn marched defeated campaign eventually went ahead wrote urging proceed replacement brother arrived troops tribe withdrew army led army valley laid siege devastating surrounding countryside point army aware advancing stronger army abandoning advance muslim army retreated hastily south claimed covered distance day days normal travel second day arabs crossed river army caught attacked secondary camp pitched separately main arab force arabs allies suffered heavy casualties brother ruler slain managed repel attack arabs continued retreat days constantly harassed cavalry ninth day arabs reached find path blocked enemies troops native remnants rebellion suppressed arabs camp night burned baggage allegedly worth million preparation battle day despite suffering rear forces desperate arabs managed break enemy lines cross writes reached relative safety suffering hunger exhaustion troops spread disorder leadership army formally transferred led remnants army aftermath impact defeat arab army casualties suffered catalyst complete collapse muslim rule years words british scholar practically aggressive expedition arabs years greater importance blow struck arab prestige roles reversed onwards arabs found defensive gradually ousted district new governor campaigned years achieving major result tried secure cooperation local time payment taxes native converts policy opposed reversed successor ibn led general uprising military aid arabs evicted entire region remained contested arabs recover previous position campaigns ibn took advantage collapse civil wars murder
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