german march june high ranking german nazi official world war main architects holocaust und general der leader chief police chief including deputy acting protector czech_republic served president later known chaired january conference plans genocide jews german occupied europe historians regard figure nazi elite adolf_hitler described man iron heart founding head intelligence organisation charged seeking resistance arrests murders helped organise series attacks jews nazi_germany parts austria november attacks carried civilians holocaust arrival prague sought eliminate opposition nazi occupation suppressing czech culture executing members czech resistance directly responsible special task forces travelled wake german armies murdered million people including million jews mass shooting attacked prague british trained team czech soldiers sent government exile kill operation died injuries week later intelligence falsely linked assassins villages razed ground men boys age shot handful women children deported killed nazi concentration camps early life born der composer opera singer wife mother roman catholic patriotic musical tributes referred tragic hero father opera stems und late maternal grandfather professor director born family social standing substantial financial means music everyday life father founded music theatre teaching mother taught piano developed passion violin carried interest adulthood impressed listeners musical talent father german nationalist patriotic ideas children affiliated political party world war household strict youth engaged younger brother mock fencing intelligent excelled especially science talented athlete expert swimmer shy insecure frequently bullied high pitched voice rumoured jewish ancestry claim earned nickname moses world war ended germany defeat late february civil unrest including strikes clashes communist anti communist groups took place home town defence minister right wing paramilitary unit formed ordered recapture years old joined unit skirmishes ended force assigned protect private property little known role events left strong impression political awakening joined und anti semitic organisation result conditions treaty versailles spread germany lost life savings spared townspeople afford musical education led financial crisis family naval career joined taking advantage security structure pension offered naval cadet kiel germany primary naval base april promoted senior sent officer training advanced rank ensign assigned signals officer battleship flagship germany promotion came greater recognition received good superiors problems crewmen promoted july rank sub lieutenant increased rank ambition arrogance notorious countless affairs december attended rowing club ball met romantically involved soon announced engagement follower attended rally charged conduct officer gentleman breaking engagement promise woman known months von engagement admiral dismissed navy april dismissal devastated found career prospects kept engagement married december career military began setting division acting advice associate von friend agreed interview cancelled appointment minute ignored message packed sent munich met train station took asked convey ideas developing intelligence service impressed hired immediately starting salary equivalent usd low decided job family supported nazi movement quasi military revolutionary nature post appealed share office colleague earning month salary described comfortable power influence grew 1930s salary grew income increased annually equivalent usd number number later received service august began job chief new service intelligence service set office brown house headquarters munich october created network spies intelligence gathering purposes obtain information blackmail political aims information thousands people recorded index cards stored brown house mark occasion december wedding promoted rank major enemies began spread rumours alleged jewish ancestry said obtained proving jewish ancestry surfaced nazi claimed pure nazi organisation head service passed allegations racial expert investigated reported german origin free coloured jewish blood insisted rumours report privately engaged member investigate rumours appointed chief renamed security service service grew effective machine terror intimidation hitler absolute power germany wished control political police forces german states began bavaria gathered men stormed police headquarters munich took police intimidation tactics munich police chief commander political police hitler chancellor germany series germany und leader chancellor concentration camps originally intended house political opponents established early year end camps founded prussian police force transferred authority april immediately instrument terror named head april june declared official nazi intelligence service crushing beginning april hitler request began building leader effort remove rival party leadership point early nazi paramilitary organisation numbered million men hitler direction drew lists starting seven officials including june acted coordinated mass arrests continued days shot trial leadership purge known night long knives people killed action appointed new head converted sports training organisation way began building instrument fear improved index card system creating categories offenders colour coded cards authority arrest citizens suspicion commit crime definition crime discretion law passed gave police right act extra legally led sweeping use protective custody power people judicial proceedings courts allowed investigate interfere considered acting legally long carrying leadership people arrested sent concentration camps killed began developing notion religion wanted members leave church early left catholic_church wife year felt longer member came consider church political power influence danger state consolidating police forces june police forces germany united following hitler appointment chief german police appointment deputy powerful men internal administration germany immediately reorganised police groups order police consisting national police municipal police consisting point head operations chief assigned help organise summer olympics berlin games promote propaganda aims nazi regime goodwill ambassadors sent countries considering boycott anti jewish violence forbidden duration news stands required stop displaying copies games success awarded german olympic games decoration class january directed secretly begin collecting public opinion report findings carry house searches arrests effect exercising control public opinion february austrian chancellor resisted hitler proposed merger germany intensified pressure austria organising nazi demonstrations distributing propaganda vienna stressing common blood countries march hitler declared unification austria nazi_germany created obtain real estate use guest houses vacation spots villa acquired november site january conference senior nazi officials plans jews german occupied territory countries conquered action coordinated representatives nazi state agencies present meeting september folded new placed control title chef der und des chief security police conferred october president later known august headquarters transferred berlin promoted und general der september learned ranking soviet officer plotting overthrow sensing opportunity strike blow admiral germany decided russian officers discussed matter turn brought hitler attention information received actually planted attempt planned high command ordered best agents general pass false information suggesting marshal soviet generals plotting hitler approved plan act information immediately forged documents letters implicated commanders material delivered great purge followed orders believed successfully executing dismissing officer corps importance matter speculation soviet military prosecutors use forged documents generals secret trial instead relied false confessions beaten defendants night fog decree late german armies swept western_europe following year given responsibility carrying und night fog decree according decree persons german security arrested way cover night fog people disappeared trace told whereabouts fate prisoner fill listed personal information country origin details crimes placed envelope inscribed seal reading und submitted central file camp files prisoners given special covert prisoner code opposed code jew gypsy etc decree remained effect death exact number people vanished positively established estimated acting protector september appointed deputy czechoslovakia incorporated march assumed control territory protector remained territory titular head sent leave hitler felt soft approach promoted anti german sentiment encouraged anti german resistance strikes sabotage appointment told aides czech came prague enforce policy fight resistance nazi regime production czech motors arms extremely important german war effort viewed area condemned czech resistance stabs realise goals demanded racial classification explained making czech garbage germans way methods based racist thought started rule population people executed days arrival prague names appeared posters occupied region avenues express czech culture public closed according estimate people arrested february executed sent concentration camp cent czech prisoners survived war march sweeps czech cultural patriotic organisations military resulted practical czech resistance small cells central leadership home resistance survived communist resistance able function coordinated manner suffered arrests terror served resistance society public widespread action resisting german rule brutal policies time quickly earned nickname butcher prague acting protector applied stick methods labour reorganised basis equipment confiscated czech organisation organise events workers food rations free shoes distributed increased time free saturdays introduced unemployment insurance established time black market suppressed associated resistance movement tortured executed labelled economic criminals enemies people helped gain support conditions prague rest czech lands relatively peaceful industrial output increased measures hide shortages increasing inflation reports growing discontent multiplied despite public displays goodwill populace privately left eventual goal entire area day definitely german expect eventually thirds populace removed regions russia nazi_germany won war faced annexation directly czech workforce exploited nazi labour workers removed unsuitable jobs december called work april november czech workers taken manner work nazi germany february work day increased hours purposes military dictator changes government structure left president cabinet virtually powerless drove car open roof confidence occupation forces government effectiveness role holocaust historians regard member nazi elite hitler called man iron heart main architects holocaust early war years answering taking orders hitler matters pertaining imprisonment jews organisers jews germany night november sent telegram night offices helping police nazi party officials fire departments talks permitting arson destroying jewish businesses orders archival material jewish community centres telegram ordered jews particularly affluent jews arrested districts accommodated existing detention facilities immediately arrests carried appropriate concentration camps contacted place jews camps quickly possible thousand jews sent concentration camps days immediately following historians consider beginning holocaust hitler asked pretext invasion poland false flag plan code named involved fake attack german radio station august plan toured site miles polish border wearing polish uniforms german troops carried attacks border hitler ruse excuse launch invasion instructions formed task forces travel wake german armies start world war september sent message jewish question occupied territory chiefs instructions round jewish people placement called formation jewish councils ordered census promoted plans jewish owned businesses farms measures units followed army poland implement plans later soviet_union charged rounding killing jews firing squad gas estimates related auxiliary troops killed million people including million jews moved ensure safety certain jews german champion knew protected polish olympic fencing team competed summer olympics november issued cable evacuation new eastern provinces detailing people railway concentration camps giving guidance surrounding december census basis performed drew regulations general upcoming invasion soviet_union ensured army operate murdering soviet jews october senior officer meeting prague discussed jews given position instrumental carrying plans ready organize west conducting extensive killing operations east officers attending discussed taking jews prague weeks handing commanders establishing planned resulting construction people eventually die tens thousands passed camp way deaths east named responsible implementing forced movement jews germany czechoslovakia poland earlier july gave written ensure cooperation administrative leaders government departments implementation der final solution jewish question territories german control january chaired meeting called discuss implementation plan discussion perpetrators barely spared thought jews instead concentrated efforts scale task assassination death prague london government exile resolved kill headed team chosen operation trained pair returned december lived hiding preparing assassination attempt planned meet hitler berlin german documents suggest hitler intended transfer german occupied france french resistance gaining ground pass section dresden prague road merged road bridge junction prague suburb suited attack motorists slow bend car slowed took aim sub machine gun jammed failed fire instead ordering driver speed away called car halt attempted confront attackers threw bomb converted anti tank rear car stopped explosion wounded smoke cleared emerged wreckage gun hand chased tried return fire jumped bicycle away ran half block weak shock collapsed sent driver chase foot ensuing shot leg escaped local safe house pistol hand left flank bleeding czech woman went aid delivery van placed driver cab complained van movement causing pain placed van stomach taken emergency room suffered severe injuries left major damage lung fractured rib physician packed chest wound doctor tried unsuccessfully remove splinters immediately decided operate carried given blood performed chest wound left lung wounds closed ordered physician fly prague assume care despite fever recovery appeared progress hitler personal physician suggested use new drug thinking recover refused june visit reconciled fate reciting father operas slipped coma visit regained consciousness died june probably autopsy concluded died facial expression died betrayed spirituality entirely beauty like renaissance cardinal according police official investigated assassination funeral elaborate funeral held prague june coffin placed train berlin second ceremony held new june gave eulogy hitler attended placed decorations including highest grade blood order medal wound badge gold war merit cross 1st class swords funeral death employed propaganda hitler privately blamed death opportunity makes thief assassin heroic gestures driving open vehicle walking streets damned serves man expose unnecessary danger condemn stupid interred berlin military cemetery exact burial spot known temporary wooden marker disappeared overran city replaced grave rallying point photograph burial shows section north wall cemetery recent biography places grave planned monumental tomb designed sculptor architect germany declining fortunes built widow won right receive pension result series court cases west german government entitled substantial pension husband german general killed action government previously declined pay role holocaust couple children born killed traffic accident born born born shortly father death wrote memoir mit published remarried died aftermath hid safe houses eventually took refuge cathedral orthodox church prague traitor czech resistance betrayed location church surrounded members killed remainder hid church germans attempted flush men gunfire tear gas flooding eventually entrance explosives surrender soldiers killed supporters assassins killed wake events included church leader revered martyr infuriated death hitler ordered arrest execution randomly selected tempered response czech lands important industrial zone german military killing reduce region productivity hitler ordered quick investigation intelligence falsely linked assassins towns report stated kilometres north west prague suspected hiding place czech army officers england come found resistance radio june discussions hitler ordered brutal people arrested deported imprisoned beginning june males age villages murdered women murdered women deported immediately concentration camp pregnant babies forcibly aborted hospital died women sent concentration camp children chosen killed gas camp towns burned ruins people death replacements chief october new acting death implementation policies conference chaired accelerated true death camps designed mass killing legal process pretext built operated project named summary career career extensively studied general dramatic portrayals depicting stages ascent power leadership style use fear extract obedience respect person friendly cultivated demeanor exercised daily took meticulous care appearance expected subordinates close friends highly suspicious senior officers exception offered blind obedience seen true man devotion motivations lay partly lack interest taking place view told occasions developed close professional relationships circle security forces example appears trusted straightforward loyalty impressed reason appointed secretary appointed commander security forces rome said personnel favoured especially attended conference possessed similar traits devotion lack remorse brutal orders personal loyalty capacity commander security forces hand dislike distrust stemmed independence ambition said concentration camp service held particular referred ambitious dwarf little trust characterized commander upper administration friendly later years said wary waiting opportunity disgrace forged relationships powerful police leaders maintained dialogue especially ran late 1930s early 1940s security police officials selected run camps closest professional contacts said particularly good terms realm responsibility governor behaved know trust record time mixture rapid promotions reserve commissions regular armed forces line combat service years rose ranks appointed rank private general major luftwaffe flying nearly combat missions july plane hit soviet anti aircraft fire emergency landing enemy lines evaded soviet patrol contacted forward german patrol hitler personally ordered return berlin resume duties service record gives credit navy reserve lieutenant world war contact military branch received nazi military awards including golden party badge badge bronze silver combat mission bars iron cross second classes
Reinhard Heydrich