german type submarine boat german_imperial_navy german kaiserliche_marine world war submarine known designation ordered october laid shipyard bremen november little metres length displaced tonnes long tons depending surfaced submerged carried torpedoes bow torpedo tubes armed deck mounted machine gun broken sections shipped rail austrian port launched commissioned march german_imperial_navy command germany italy war entered service transferred submarine retained german captain crew remained german command kaiserliche_marine patrol adriatic torpedoed sank italian armored cruiser traveling constantinople present day istanbul join constantinople flotilla attacked british sinking heavy loss life seriously damaging victims largest ships attacked boats war sank british submarine november spent rest career patrolling black_sea boat limited success sinking ships end war war ended submarine disarmed surrendered malta november broken design construction german_army rapid advance north_sea coast earliest stages world war german_imperial_navy found suitable submarines operated narrow shallow seas flanders project design effort begun mid august produced type design small submarine shipped rail port operations quickly assembled constrained railroad size limitations design called boat metres long displacing tonnes long tons torpedo tubes initial seven submarines numbered ordered october shy months planning class began laid bremen november built metres long metres draft metres single brake horsepower cylinder diesel engine surface travel single shaft horsepower electric motor underwater travel attached single propeller shaft speeds knots mph surfaced knots mph submerged moderate speeds sail nautical miles surface nautical miles submerged batteries like boats class rated diving depth metres completely seconds armed centimeter torpedoes bow torpedo tubes outfitted single millimeter machine gun deck standard complement consisted officer thirteen enlisted men launching commissioning boats shipped port operations rail assembled launched tested commissioned information suggests followed pattern closely boats according sources launched march commissioned german_imperial_navy march command year old time boat commander sources silent whereabouts time information later shipment arrival mediterranean suggest initial launch commissioning occurred germany shipped rail june main austrian naval base arrival date 12th process shipping boat involved breaking submarine essentially knock kit boat broken approximately pieces loaded railway german engineers technicians accompanied earlier boats worked supervision head boat special command german typically assembly process took weeks way austria-hungary german crew assigned submarine temporarily commissioned german_imperial_navy subsequent transfer german crew austrian officer aboard gained valuable experience sinking italian submarine boat patrol handed june crew transferred intact june days completion outbreak world war august italy declined join triple alliance partners germany austria-hungary declaring war opted remain neutral pressure united_kingdom france italy sign secret treaty london april italy promised leave declare war allies month return territorial gains end war italy initially declared war austria-hungary germany italy officially war consequence german submarines operating adriatic mediterranean assigned austrian numbers flew flag austria-hungary making attacks italian vessels assigned designation entered rolls austro hungarian navy despite fact remained completely german control according historian dual numbering system reflected close submarine cooperation countries makes difficult distinguish submarines navies july joined german departed soon patrol night july italian armored cruisers recently deployed venice undertook reconnaissance force attempt discourage future austrian sorties italian coast italian ships retired early morning hours 7th nautical miles venice dawn armored cruiser crossed paths torpedoed quickly began listing port sank minutes loss men tonnes long tons displacement largest ships sunk boats war escaped scene damage turkish leaders pleading german austrian allies send submarines dardanelles help attack british french fleet pounding turkish positions german response ordered constantinople present day istanbul join sister boats boats german der division intermediate stop limited range departed tow austrian destroyer july engine broke crete leaving boat dead water time temporary repairs crew enabled boat 24th repair crew constantinople dispatched having travel train reach ship ready resume journey august shortly departing cleared greek island nearby island sighted potential victims ship seen british hospital ship headed alexandria dardanelles seeing properly identified hospital ship allowed pass ship lucky canadian ocean liner pressed duties headed opposite direction alexandria dardanelles reinforcements small group destined gallipoli launched torpedoes mile away hit stern ship sank stern minutes large loss life ships able rescue nearly men died gross register tons grt largest ships hit boats war rescue ships included french destroyers compass broke forcing return morning 15th repairs completed continued way passenger prince needed passage constantinople journey north came fully loaded near island nautical miles september launched single torpedo british carrying australian troops headed gallipoli torpedo scored hit starboard bow liner immediately began list direction men boarded abandon ship torpedo narrowly missed stricken ship british seaplane carrier sped scene attack rescued nearly men water hospital ship scene rescued sizable number group volunteers stayed board help crew assistance ben able beach ship fewer men died attack survivors death months later youngest australian known died war stricken ship received damage later repaired returned service targets largest ships hit boats giving victims list largest attacks attack broke await repairs september word came british submarine turkish nets cook man set observe turkish attempts destroy mines formed net detonated avail group rowed repeatedly dropped line contacted metal dropped turkish shortened fuse right hand dropped detonated close british submarine captain comfort ordered boat surfaced abandoned scuttled turkish shore batteries charges company narrowly escaped harm sources credit sinking turkish efforts author contends deserve partial credit demise gallery black_sea repairs completed continued constantinople began patrol black_sea october patrol torpedoed ton russian steamer nautical miles northwest 7th belgian steamer imperial_russian_navy nautical miles south 8th return constantinople 19th prepared patrol black_sea scheduled departure boat destination changed black_sea headed south november port november turkish forces captured french submarine submarine confidential papers board destroyed caught commander signaled scheduled rendezvous british submarine far germans turks knew sent rendezvous reportedly going far radio messages latest british code arriving designated location surfaced fired torpedo distance metres crew saw torpedo realize late avoid weapon torpedo hit conning tower sank submarine loss men rescued men including captain reportedly teeth time attack december replaced commander early february resumed command activities november reported sources reports patrolled black_sea late early june returning constantinople success june recalled germany command soon commissioned replaced time boat commander soon assumed command black_sea support july sortie german battlecruiser light cruiser eastern black_sea russian fleet headquartered opportunity cut german warships mission sent station russian fleet sortie attempted torpedo seen driven russian dreadnought screen destroyers romania joined war triple august quickly overrun russian efforts black_sea second half focused west german submarines accomplished black_sea february resumption submarine warfare led germans temporarily abandon black_sea lieu target rich mediterranean whereabouts activities half months sources replaced soon sailed german patrol year black_sea june sank ton russian sailing vessel north ship credited note succeeded march mention sources activities june november socialist republic signed treaty brest central powers march exiting war forces central powers surrounded later seized port germany signed armistice treaty ended fighting november surviving boats disarmed november scuttled black_sea early months ships sunk damaged
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