species fungus family produces small brown mushrooms conical convex caps diameter stems long thick reported new science known mountain range northern spain southwestern france grows horse grass fields elevations mushroom contains compound possible depiction species year old rock art suggests ancient religious rituals oldest evidence usage prehistoric europe taxonomy species described mexican mycologist publication based specimens collected near northern spain classified section genus thick walled spores fruit body blue handling specific epithet latin spanish description cap ranges shape somewhat conical convex reaches millimetres surface smooth somewhat sticky dry brown brownish yellow gills somewhat brown whitish edges stem long thick cylindrical slightly base whitish yellow blue green tones base mature specimens veil stem flesh whitish like containing species blue injured spores ellipsoid measure brownish yellow wall greater thick broad acute appendix base region spore attached basidia spore bearing cells hymenium spored hyaline translucent measure cap cuticle layer thick hyaline thin walled hyphae measuring broad tissue layer directly thin walled hyaline hyphae broad brownish pigment clamp connections present hyphae similar species roughly similar appearance distinguished like appearance acute cap grassland habitat species similar grow directly saprobic species grows decaying grass roots resembles appearance ring stem terms microscopic characteristics larger cheilocystidia measure differs var lacks gelatinous gill edge var larger cheilocystidia measuring known grow soil herbs northwest chile known small brownish mushroom grows contain stem habitat distribution fungus loving produces fruit bodies grow dense groups horse fruit bodies arise original report found meadow elevation metres species reported small village reported penetrated french restricted range mushroom common altitudes uses mushroom consumed spanish youths mind altering effects mushrooms spain include report 17th century found southern images devil mushrooms carved mushrooms possibly according common practice valley middle ages argued prehistoric rock art site known near spanish town offers evidence religious rituals years ago rock shelter discovered early 20th century early 21st century noticed objects murals previously described mushrooms matched general morphology mural depicts row mushroom like objects convex conical caps stems vary straight additionally mural shows bull suggests association species widespread area mural found differing shape narrowly conical habitat soil instead suggests species represented mural interpretation correct mural represents oldest evidence psychedelic fungi use europe reported instance rock art suggesting prehistoric usage fungi older example desert southeast algeria italian reported finding painted mural dated bce portraying mushrooms later tentatively identified species known algeria morocco
Psilocybe hispanica