chess opening begins moves classified codes initial moves black proceeds capture creating majority black support advance king bishop usually features differentiate black setup defences king indian defence openings common invented experiments opening went largely ignored years 1950s system players soviet_union chief subsequent adoption players similarly aggressive style established opening reputation black dynamic responses suffered theoretical crisis 1980s 1990s players black encountered great difficulties meeting 21st century opening reputation theoretical standing recovery notably choice needed win black penultimate game world championship initial moves standard order black enter possible white avoid respectable alternatives include typically line english opening taking hardly seen black easily recovers followed long considered white challenging gains space centre possible black avoid time play moves delaying white plays gives white extra option fashion white central majority maintains white spatial advantage denies black associated possession majority players seeking typical structure associated tend prefer immediate followed alternative orders possible common black second moves reversed white allows order especially popular 1980s allows black reach gives black additional option meeting players use order choose different defence indian frequent occurs white invites opening black responds white responds black play common alternative leads independent positions black try reach order complete white prefers play takes away useful square white knight lines king indian defence variations black plays followed white history invented new_york chess tournament played twice gaining draw losing played knight tour received special prize tournament game labelled marshall opening unfortunate result lay virtually abandoned decades experiments 1930s occasionally featured moves resulting 1950s interest system revived king gained popularity soviet players investigations branched related opening systems inherent structure counter chances implied black appealed aggressive players israeli master employed frequently younger generation soviet players regularly 1950s 1960s player primarily responsible status major opening took opening seeing games tactical positions led perfect fit gifts crushed opponents brilliant style famous examples include game ussr championship win tournament following year player use world championship match playing twice opening authority acknowledged contribution opening naming system opening encyclopedia developments unnoticed outside soviet_union modern appeared print 1960s began employing system frequently onwards included repertoire albeit secondary weapon fischer responsible famous games played opening world championship match answered game scored momentum changing victory successes fischer inspired new generation players 1970s 1980s including young defence arsenal win considered highlight tournament remains famous games played opening favoured weapon players needing win example defeat penultimate round ussr championship catching lead ultimately sharing place early 1980s white scored crushing victories high profile tournaments aggressive caused players question fundamental black opening end decade emerged dangerous weapon white compounded black troubles result opening declined popularity number gave altogether continued play chose order white early development knight rules gives black opportunities avoid modern main line theoretical crisis remained unpopular 1990s level player play regularly generally preferred order beginning new millennium published regarded survey opening contributed opening revival ideas recommended versus modern main line grew popularity publication opening regained needing win black played second game world championship achieve winning position point game ended draw highest levels competition opening notable proponent strongest player willing use original order defend black cause strategy black active defences exchange white black leaves white majority centre black suggests white try play centre black seek simplistic hold cases depending pieces arranged able fight flank theoretically weaker creation pronounced structural early game implies black aims counterattack opening acquired reputation risky wrote definitely opening white central superiority typically constitutes advantage black frequently resort tactical play material sacrifices order forced black play game classic demonstration power black advance backed bishop black white unable exchange queens fork actual game long set motion created passed forced resignation white save stop black according spent hours game minutes white play central majority white main advantage space allows white develop initiative board important tool white arsenal advance open lines squares white pieces result creation passed black answers famous example break leading attack occurred game leipzig following white managed install powerful knight black pieces soon crashed file scored stunning upset reigning world champion classic examples central breakthrough include estonia finland match ussr championship black play black half open file grants certain degree influence puts pressure white advancing tactics involving uncommon games ussr championship known examples black initiate activity playing followed prevents white driving away knight sets possibility black bringing knight space gaining advances possible route winning ussr championship provided brilliant example black dark square control lead attack championship moscow double sacrifice mate point mate white unable defend black threats resigned game tournament lead rounds remaining white play black prepares break white usually tries hinder playing advance square black expansion white moves knight knight black break met followed arrival white knight severely disrupt black position knight attacks black backward white increase pressure playing strength white knight black exchange typical ways followed black succeed enforcing break white halt advance simply playing black opportunity establish passed blockading manner allow white pursue play centre advance relinquish black control square occupied good effect white knight bishop successful demonstration idea occurred game white answered black black unable open left white central game black play ground halt later won advance variations initial moves moves reach positions discussed previously ineffective black gains half open file chance centre instead white popular preparing support mentioned black delay capture white gain option black generally plays immediately following recapture black eccentric option snake players prefer stops white advancing black control central dark squares augmented bishop white decide play gains space centre gives black target attack half open file white deny black target time playing critical lines modern occur point historically white popular intending complete development castle theory divides major branches classical main line attempt black avoid modern main line apart white important alternatives including leads leads way white reach modern main line recommended white idea develop classical main line advent sequence frequently contested line black choice main plans begin attacking black dynamic plan prepare play followed plan popular 1970s fischer alternatives remains black best option game alternatively black try older intending bring knight prepare break white commonly responds white follow black position remains solid offers fewer active possibilities madrid international tournament demonstrated considered black reliable path equality played innovation prepares keeping defended exchange black bishop white knight black slightly cramped position force white break late 1980s plan exchanging light squared bishop proven reliable white entering classical main line altogether desire prevent led development black continues manner classical main line white appears maintain advantage originally thought temporary sacrifice easy black seemingly regains sacrificed piece trouble usa white went win judged important theoretical novelty volume later discovered immediate better way recovering complicated game capture subjected extensive analysis testing led conclusion sequence forced resulting positions black found difficult generate winning chances finding equality simple task fact know lot theory secure draw rendered entire variation beginning black point view appears best black sought methods modern main line sharp variation received significant attention mid-1990s black demonstrate clear equality published detailed analysis stops white playing allows black follow unclear ultimately black retains significant black avoids white success spurred black search ways white stops immediate runs threatening white advantage black plays threatening black play likely line example instead white try exploit black early black maintain material equality try cut black idea white resorted allowing black acceptable position white entered standard order white dodge avoiding immediate starting instead moves leave black little choice enter lines white stakes space centre threatens overrun black position quick white main line king indian defence option attack black far popular continuation white analyzed strength variation fully appreciated early 1980s point check allow advantage white knight longer retreat strongest popular preparing meet crushing high profile victories white world junior chess championship showed dangerous black having advantage determining bishop retreat square time white success idea led question original order concluded analysis words black badly needs new idea business years later given opening altogether players resorted order playing response avoid choosing entirely different opening damage variation opening reputation led flick knife attack 21st century players analysts begin revive black chances line watson showed check playable point white longer able bring bishop squares assist white attack later players showed queen check mandatory black retains good chances line taking advantage outpost variation white enter allowing black attempts play early prelude variation championed white plan play attack beginning moves famous demonstration white attack game leipzig development knight rules manoeuvre black able quick ideas like followed variation published dense analysis bears gave half variation positions leads reached prevents white continue retreat bishop harassed black knight notable past practitioners line included position arises particularly frequently point white classical common alternatives knight attempt white enter allowing early order black prevent immediate loses knight stops white playing variation considered particularly dangerous black meet white setup black position immediate pressure offers black obvious target attack bishop covers protects white king bishop longer covers diagonal white typically plays help defend black expansion preparatory moves white able push forward centre noted proponents included strong players recommendation influential theorist line play typically proceeds common continuation sees black developing standard fashion white manoeuvres king knight black challenge white knight white try develop quickly order strengthen threat idea early effective variations black example idea playing frequently seen reached openings instance position reached king indian knight tour variation immediately sends knight attacks pressure increased moves like black counter plan intending lead major variation white having avoided black alternative plan black obliged allow playable black alternatives played world championship white carries original intention black defend sacrifice similar spirit white hopes black quick attack white attacks black careful drift passive position commonly black prefers rule white queen check incidentally threatens expand white ignore aiming quickly overrun black centre advance popular continuation white aim possibility gives bishop retreat square case delays expansion centre white development complete number opening books recommended variation white early 21st century black appears able maintain balance line variation named played times 1960s employed world championship match pinning knight white aims favourable lines occur prevent black break pin immediately developing point runs sacrifice white dangerous attack late 1970s line thought refuted later realized black prevent bishop check way white allows black expand reach satisfactory position
Modern Benoni