french passing chess special capture occur immediately moves ranks forward starting position enemy captured moved square forward note capturing fifth rank prior executing maneuver opponent captures moved passes square resulting position moved square forward enemy captured normally capture turn right lost occasion chess piece captured replaced square capturing piece like capture legal available capture common theme chess compositions capture rule added 15th century rule gave initial double step introduced prevents square advance pass adjacent enemy risk captured fifth rank capture enemy adjacent file moved squares single moved square conditions capturing fifth rank captured adjacent file moved squares single double step capture immediately opposing makes double step right capture lost unique privilege pieces capture occasion chess capturing piece replace captured piece square examples opening examples chess openings line capture sixth example occurs french defense advocated black responds white capture likewise white answer example game unusual examples black moved game white capture instead played note bishop effects check discovered check results capture discovered checks place black white help white bishop capture way double check delivered checking pieces moving position largest known number captures game shared games captures player earliest known example game chess compositions captures theme chess compositions produce striking effects opening closing lines composition key introduces threat black capture ways capture shifts file preventing capture white plays stop threatened mate black advance allows white play decisive opening file black plays white exploits newly opened diagonal example showing effect captures composition key threatens black simultaneously pinned illegal removes black king access allowing historical context allowing capture introduction square major rule changes european chess occurred relatively recent rule changes unlimited range queens bishops spanish master gives rule book liberal del del change rules promotion places rule adopted time allowing squares universally accepted italian rules changed motivation prevent newly added square allowing evade capture enemy asian chess variants separation european chess prior period feature moves descriptive chess captures denoted similar required capturing written captured advanced square example example repetition stalemate possibility capture relevant claims draw repetition positions pieces squares player purpose considered different opportunity capture position course opportunity longer exists second time configuration pieces occurs book chess organization rules international wrote frequently asked capture legal point debated 19th century arguing right capture privilege compelled exercise book wrote capture mandatory instance rules chess amended clear today settled player resign true capture check
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