demographics croatia demographic characteristics population croatia known normally conducted year intervals analysed statistical 1850s performed task 1990s latest census croatia performed april permanent population croatia census reached million population density inhabitants square kilometre overall life croatia birth years population rose steadily exception taken following world wars million peaked million croatia death rate continuously exceeded birth rate natural growth rate population negative croatia fourth fifth stage demographic transition terms age structure population dominated year old segment median age population gender ratio total population males female demographics professors predict population decrease people based current number children born people population going million people years avoided ways people number people number children born doubles experts believe options unlikely croatia inhabited minorities include serbs demographic history croatia marked significant including arrival area growth hungarian german speaking population union croatia hungary joining set ottoman conquests growth italian speaking population venetian rule collapse austria-hungary hungarian population declined german speaking population forced compelled leave world war similar fate suffered italian population late 19th century 20th century marked large scale economic abroad 1940s 1950s yugoslavia marked internal yugoslavia recent significant came result croatian war independence hundreds thousands displaced croatian language official language minority languages officially local government units croatian declared native language population survey revealed claim knowledge foreign language english main religions croatia roman catholicism islam literacy croatia stands proportion population aged attaining academic degrees grew rapidly doubling reaching estimated spent education primary secondary education available croatian languages recognised minorities croatia universal health care system nation spent healthcare net monthly income september averaged euro significant sources employment manufacturing industry wholesale retail trade construction october unemployment rate croatia median equivalent household income tops average purchasing power standard countries joined trailing average census recorded total million private households predominantly owned housing average rate croatia stands urban population reduction rural population population population million croatia ranks world population population density inhabitants square kilometre overall life croatia birth years total fertility rate children mother lowest world croatia death rate nearly continuously exceeded birth rate forecast population shrink million depending actual birth rate level net migration population croatia rose steadily million peaked million exception taken following world wars natural growth rate population negative croatia started advancing stage demographic transition late 18th early 19th centuries depending croatia discussed croatia fourth fifth stage demographic transition explanation recent population decrease croatian war independence war large sections population displaced emigration increased predominantly areas non serbs removed homes croatian forces fled violence final days war serbs fled country arrival croatian forces operation storm decade following end war refugees returned displaced entire war croatia remaining serbs lived areas occupied croatian war independence serbs partially settled regions previously inhabited settlements previously inhabited serbs settled refugees live croatia comprising male female children virtually performed medical facilities occurred total number children born days end marriage average age mothers birth child years general fertility rate number women aged age specific rate peaking million women aged persons died croatia died medical facilities receiving medical treatment time disease cancer primary causes death country deaths respectively year violent deaths including accidents figure includes deaths traffic accidents birth rate exceeded mortality rate infant mortality rate terms age structure population croatia dominated year older segment size population younger older relatively small respectively median age population sex ratio population males female birth years age males female ages ages ratio males female ratio total population males female contrast native population late 1990s positive net migration croatia reaching level net immigrants recent years croatian government pressured year add work permit foreign workers accordance immigration policy croatia trying return immigrants croatia half coming sharp decline previous year year country leaving serbia number represents substantial increase compared figure recorded net migration abroad peaked persons city persons total marriages performed croatia census recorded million households country census data modern population census country conducted performed conducted regular year intervals latest institution set country specifically purposes maintaining population statistics founded founding office changed structure times alternately institutions independent recent changes institution census performed april recording situation march census results containing number population settlement published june final comprehensive set data published december census processing data gathered census expected cost million million euro census performed new permanent population determined population lived census area months prior census plans live area months census method applied census data vital statistics ethnic groups croatia inhabited minority groups include serbs hungarians italians germans people constitution republic croatia minorities explicitly serbs italians hungarians jews germans austrians russians poles turks significant demographic history croatia characterised significant starting arrival area according work written 10th century vii arrived area modern day croatia early 7th century claim disputed competing date event 6th 9th centuries following establishment personal union croatia hungary joining hungarian german speaking population croatia began gradually increasing number processes varied intensity persisted 20th century ottoman conquests initiated westward migration parts croatian population direct descendants settlers replace fleeing called orthodox populations bosnia serbia provide military service migration region peaked similarly rule following fifth seventh ottoman venetian wars gradual growth italian speaking population areas following collapse austria-hungary hungarian population declined especially areas north river represented majority world war period world war marked large economic emigration croatia united_states particularly areas pittsburgh cleveland chicago united_states main destination migrants south_america especially argentina chile peru estimated people left croatia period world war main focus emigration shifted canada people settled onset world war world war period immediately following war significant demographic changes german speaking population forced compelled leave reducing number german population yugoslavia living parts present day croatia serbia figure recorded census similar fate suffered italian population yugoslavia parts present day croatia left italy 1940s 1950s yugoslavia marked settlements displaced germans live people mountainous parts serbia montenegro larger cities spurred development industry 1960s 1970s wave economic migrants left croatia largely moved canada australia new_zealand western_europe period people left canada mid-1970s moved australia particularly large european communities exist germany austria switzerland largely stem 1960s 1970s recent significant came result croatian war independence non serbs displaced croatian forces fled violence areas significant populations final days war serbs fled country arrival croatian forces operation storm years war refugees returned displaced entire war serbs croatia remained lived areas occupied croatian war independence serbs partially settled regions previously inhabited areas previously inhabited serbs later settled refugees largely demographic losses 20th century wars addition demographic losses significant population croatia suffered significant losses wars 20th century events world war loss population croatia amounted estimated persons total population recorded census flu started toll croatia july peaks disease occurring october november available data scarce estimated caused deaths world war nearly people died territory present day croatia surrender armed forces croatia civilians accompanying troops british_army end world war followed subsequent events known tragedy substantial number people executed exact number disputed claims range killed finally approximately killed went missing croatian war independence figure persons recorded census living croatia languages croatian language official language croatia official languages european_union minority languages official use local government units population consists national minorities local legislation use languages czech hungarian italian serbian according citizens croatia declared croatian native language declared serbian native language language represented croatia native speakers population croatia croatian replaced latin official language croatian government language croatian vocabulary derived slavic branch european language family croatian written latin alphabet major dialect standard croatian distinguished official language serbian socialist rule referred language instead croatian croatian serbian variants language officially recognised different time referred west east version different latin alphabet serbian protective language foreign influences language constant change threats imposed previous rulers austrian german hungarian italian turkish words changed altered slavic looking sounding ones efforts impose policies alter croatian serbian south slavic language met resistance form croatian linguistic survey revealed claim knowledge foreign language according survey ordered european commission speak english second language speak german speak italian french russian spoken speak spanish substantial proportion certain level knowledge croatian language religions main religions croatia christianity poll population croatia responded believe god said believe sort spirit god life force expressed belief sort spirit life force poll answered asked religion important daily life significantly survey balkans indicated church religious organisations trusted institutions country survey revealed respondents assigned lot trust institutions ranking ahead types governmental international non governmental institutions public schools allow religious education cooperation religious communities agreements government attendance mandatory classes organized widely public elementary secondary schools elementary school pupils secondary school students attended religious education classes public holidays croatia include religious festivals assumption day saints day christmas boxing day religious festival public holidays based catholic year citizens celebrate different religious holidays right work dates includes christians celebrate christmas january julian calendar muslims days jews days marriages performed religious communities having agreements state officially recognized eliminating need register marriages office legal position religious communities defined special legislation specifically government funding tax benefits religious education schools matters left religious community negotiate separately government registration communities mandatory registered communities legal persons enjoy tax benefits law eligible registration religious group believers registered civil association years religious groups based abroad submit written permission registration country origin education literacy croatia percent census reported population age incomplete elementary education elementary school education population age education completed gymnasium population received undergraduate degree received academic degree received doctoral degree croatia recorded substantial growth population attaining academic degrees population segment estimated encompass total population worldwide study quality living different countries published newsweek august ranked croatian education system 22nd position shared austria estimated spent education schooling estimated years average primary education croatia starts age seven consists grades law passed increase free education years age compulsory education consists grades elementary school secondary education provided schools elementary schools schools providing forms secondary education primary secondary education available languages recognised minorities croatia classes held czech hungarian italian serbian german languages elementary level secondary level music art schools schools disabled children youth schools adults nationwide leaving exams croatian introduced secondary education students school year comprises compulsory subjects croatian language mathematics foreign language optional subjects university education croatia universities university croatia founded remained active institutions higher education took reopened founded oldest continuously operating university higher education institutions private total institutions higher education croatia attended thousand students companies government education system institutions non profit organizations croatia pursuing scientific research development technology combined spent billion million euro employed time research staff scientific operating croatia largest learned society promoting language culture arts science inception scientists croatia include nobel prize winners health croatia universal health care system roots traced hungarian croatian parliament act providing form mandatory insurance factory workers population covered basic health insurance plan provided statute optional insurance annual compulsory healthcare related expenditures reached billion billion euro healthcare expenditures comprise private health insurance public spending croatia spent healthcare representing decline approximately estimated healthcare spending came public sources according croatia ranks 50th world terms life hundreds healthcare institutions croatia including hospitals beds hospitals care thousand patients year employ medical doctors including specialists private practice offices total health workers country emergency medical service units responding million calls principal cause death disease men women followed men women significant causes death injuries external causes men women digestive system diseases men women respiratory system diseases men women diseases men women cause disease affecting population infected hiv aids died disease estimated age according data croatian adult population economic personal income jobs unemployment net monthly income september averaged euro dropping relative previous month month gross monthly income averaged euro includes net salary income tax retirement pension insurance healthcare insurance safety health insurance employment promotion tax average net monthly income grew compared euro euro highest net salaries paid financial services sector april averaged euro lowest ones paid month manufacturing leather processing industries averaging euro january minimum wage croatia tax euro number employed persons recorded steady growth peaked followed decline year million employed persons number pertaining women total number employed persons includes employed crafts freelance professionals employed agriculture significant sources employment manufacturing industry wholesale retail trade including motor vehicle repair services employing respectively significant employment sector construction industry comprising jobs year year employed public administration defence compulsory social insurance sector education negative trends persisted croatia jobs industry declined number unemployed retired persons combined exceeded number employed august fell million labour force consisted million persons million working age population aged october unemployment rate stood employed persons hold second job comparison member states european_union croatia median equivalent household income terms stands topping average countries joined romania bulgaria significantly average croatia highest recorded county lowest observed county housing census recorded total private households croatia residential communities retirement homes etc time permanent housing units houses apartments census recorded million permanent housing units including thousand intermittently occupied thousand abandoned ones average size permanently housing unit square metres square feet intermittently housing units include thousand vacation houses thousand houses agricultural works census recorded thousand housing units business purposes households owned housing mortgage loans repay related housing loans housing households vary type include single households couples single parent households couples children extended family households approximately homeless persons croatia largely living average rate croatia stands maximum rate recorded territory reached metropolitan area comprising stands significant rate observed second half 20th century census recorded population active agriculture census performed noted population active field points urban population reduction rural population
Demographics of Croatia