synonym commonly known common species fungus family found eastern north_america ground coniferous forests near deciduous forests near oak oak dominated forests costa_rica produces large mushrooms funnel shaped caps reaching diameter hard white stems reach long thick gills closely spaced yellowish cream color young cap white parts depressed center dull brownish age breaks scales edge cap roll tissue collapses cap expands surface stem especially near base texture mushroom white latex cut injured fruit bodies edible bitter taste removed cooking similar milk cap species confused include taxonomy species described scientific literature american mycologist specific epithet derived latin word contrasting appearance young old fruit bodies commonly known state mexico known kid ear following split distinct genus milk caps genus correct combination species genus classified subgenus section characteristics species section include white whitish immature cap later turn yellow brown color white cream colored latex typically taste velvet stem cuticle long narrow thick walled hairs species section include type species based morphological study published considered synonymous described smith monograph north american milk caps considered satellite species differing basis smaller spores smaller surface spores crowded narrow gills differences micro structure cap cuticle description cap diameter initially convex funnel shaped age margin cap edge rolled young immature gills cap surface dry smooth whitish young yellowish brownish dull brownish age gills attachment stem close white cream pale long deep stem long thick nearly equal width tapered downward dry nearly smooth white brown age initially stuffed filled cotton later hollow flesh thick white thick latex produced mushroom white change color exposure air mushroom flesh yellowish brown color odor flesh latex range indistinct like age taste strongly effect throat original description species reported experiment edible qualities evil consequences thorough cooking removes bitter taste mushroom highly regarded edible smith noted feature acquaintances found undesirable mushroom sold traditional markets mexico microscopic characteristics spore print white whitish drying spores mass pale yellowish spores broadly ellipsoid hyaline translucent measure prominent spores spines form system raised net like ridges surface high meaning absorb stained melzer reagent basidia spore bearing cells spored measure pleurocystidia cystidia found face gill abundant roughly club shaped swollen middle tapering dimensions cheilocystidia cystidia edge gills similar appearance pleurocystidia cap cuticle layer somewhat hyphae stem cuticle layer bent hyphae bearing thick walled cystidia stem lacks gelatinous layer similar species fungus similar external appearance spore ornamentation forms stem gelatinous layer hyphae lying parallel surface similar appearance white stem blue develops intense blue coloration handling lacks margin species include smaller cap smaller spores small cap somewhat similar appearance produce latex cut injured var widely spaced gills cap margin densely crowded gills firm soft cap margin latex habitat distribution like milk caps mycorrhizal meaning fungus forms association certain trees shrubs subterranean fungus forms intimate association tree roots tissue allows organisms exchange nutrients unable obtain fruit bodies fungus grow scattered groups ground hardwood forests oak smith noted preference edges woodland pools hardwood forests oak stands bushes species widely distributed eastern north_america reported southern western canada fairly common species fruits june october mushroom reported mexico veracruz oak pine forests altitudes slightly meters costa_rica abundant oak forests
Lactifluus deceptivus