september norwegian engineer activist known pamphlet published february resulted arrest pamphlet called soldiers civilians arm parliament norway building creating ring rifles need arise political situation norway time unstable ongoing case conservative government started political liberals king sweden norway supported conservative politicians believed political military counter offensive planned need guarding parliament tensions liberals conservatives drew politics place engineer occupation writer albeit increased writing involved non socialist trade unions including unsuccessful attempt establishing national trade union center conservatives lost case change government charges dropped years later received economic compensation parliament quiet years concentrated engineering work returned politics member city council representing local movement stood parliamentary election twice success early life born farm son began military education later conducted self studies attending schools including married farmers daughter hired city engineering corps political activism background studying interested journalism began writing magazine found interest politics growing observed mounting political turmoil time liberal politicians norwegian parliament struggled introduce practice calling government ministers questioning initially meant function individual ministers increase debate important issues executive branch government elected intention enhance governing elected legislature ministers criticized parliamentary debates questioned person chance defend required altering constitution executive branch led king oscar sweden norway continuously vetoed conservatives parliament opposed fearing increasingly liberal dominated parliament use constitutional change check executive branch separation powers royal veto came proposition slightly altered vetoed identical followed defeated question ministers faded background instead disagreement centered king right veto constitutional cases according constitution king right postpone non constitutional act times hand constitution mention veto constitutional cases views distinct argued king veto middle ground held people allow veto government king claimed absolute veto allegedly absolute veto spirit separation powers principle held view cited principle popular sovereignty veto question central ministers spotlight ministers inferior king executive branch king responsible actions conducted branch ministers responsible advice given king assembled ministers dissent according constitution state explicitly meeting protocol considered agreement responsible king law prime minister cabinet tried advising king act unconstitutional veto consisted supreme_court justices elected politicians group held thirds majority trial fairly certain outcome start soon liberals won control seats general elections arenas activism sided liberal parliamentary opposition king involved workers society dominated political liberals time member board worked publication periodical eventually ceased publication succeeded owned main public arenas activism rifle associations member magazine started edited short took rifle associations military eventually came believe king oscar supporters opposed political power help based view speeches given oscar closing parliamentary session year general election commander located nearby known staunch conservative called parliament increase military contingent city chief police supported request letter police stated need political situation possible pretext disturbances demonstrations personal friend king commander battalion stationed late oscar suggested storage bolts rifles depots country disconnected prevent situation uprising turned army weapons secret talks coup état supported military held oscar castle newspaper publicly supported solution means counter development formation semi military forces country local rifle associations sprung rifle association politically conservative great number newer associations especially rural districts supported political liberals exercised regular troops commit acts political violence purpose deter possible conflict conservative use force subdue parliamentary process clear rifle associations march possibly aided rogue commanders supported liberal rifle associations helped found city chaired local rifle association based apart organizational work wrote articles issue wrote coup attempt thereof lead popular uprising real soldier non soldier alike parliament building thousands await political processes guard constitution activism compatible professional career municipal employee situation chose formally leave radical organizations resigning member board retained job early fired municipality february trial prime minister entire cabinet nearing end actions cabinet refuse parliamentary money grant rifle association liberals won parliamentary election landslide victory situation rumours flew personnel preparing action miles northeast february released pamphlet come known rifle ring subtitle attention like previous writings called semi military personnel weapon able citizens arm parliament building time citizens await situation instead fire pamphlet confiscated police february person printed pamphlet arrested day followed february remained custody february indicted march indicted charge arrests newspaper noted conservative writers sanctioned despite openly calling coup état meantime february cabinet members followed april march resigned acting prime ministers drawn cabinet march march april new cabinet led minister finance formed reality stood chance surviving faced liberal dominated parliament means executive branch strengthened following trial june entered month prime minister king summoned mathematics professor form compromise cabinet failed owing conservative opposition spearheaded coming politician gave june prime minister june light change circumstances case earlier june conservative politicians king accepted parliamentary process military conflict conflicts existed country establishment shocked number labor conflicts street battle employer home examples volatile events august workers faced pay cut debate held july meeting decided strike effective august addition took initiative found national trade union center representatives seventeen factories elected secretary printer treasurer union demands normal working hours laborers universal suffrage opposed socialist ideas especially union newspaper october new board elected point manifesto law moral conduct supported people individual factories mainly activists associated strike failure laborers returned work august pay cut soon faced competition worker dominated trade unions coordinated political labour_party formed followed historical role turned mark transition kinds trade dominated dominated socialist labour_party organization defunct publication continued beginning party organ newly founded labour democrats non socialist labour social reform party associated later life fired municipal job february laid low years given nok liberal dominated parliament compensation lost income publicly employed assisting construction canal hired city engineer holding position years later worked time time wrote technical articles water pipes subjects magazine active politics public sphere wrote liberal newspaper magazine local press represented movement city council years ran parliamentary elections constituency elected called independent candidate time denoted loosely leaning liberals round voting running mate deputy candidate government minister adhered conservative leaning faced represented labour_party received votes votes votes running mate received votes got votes primary candidate second round voting dropped running mate labour_party pulled received votes succumbed got votes got votes got running mate votes stood election parliamentary election voting system changed completely constituency market towns counties member constituency representatives selected party lists votes fielded second candidate ballot labour democrats new labour democrats candidate police chief fared votes party prevailed social democrats communists votes party prevailed labour fared worse cities carried votes total lost election market towns counties died buried
Jon Hol