communication communication abbreviated called communication collaborative communication communication process developed beginning 1960s focuses aspects communication self defined deep awareness inner experience understanding sharing emotion expressed honest self expression defined expressing oneself way likely inspire compassion communication based idea human beings capacity compassion resort violence behavior don recognize effective strategies meeting needs habits thinking speaking lead use violence psychological physical learned culture theory human behavior stems attempts meet universal human needs needs conflict conflict arises strategies meeting needs clash proposes people identify needs needs feelings surround needs harmony achieved ostensibly taught process communication designed improve connection interpreted spiritual practice set values technique educational method applications applied organizational business settings education healthcare addressing eating issues prisons basis children book contexts says peace programs conflict zones including nigeria malaysia indonesia sri_lanka colombia serbia croatia ireland middle_east including history development according biography website training evolved search way rapidly skills says emerged work civil rights activists early 1960s period rioting students college administrators worked peacefully public schools long segregated regions thesis says roots model developed late 1960s working racial integration schools organizations earliest version model observations feelings action oriented wants training manual prepared model evolved present form observations feelings needs requests dialog colleagues trainers continued influence model late 2000s placed importance self key model effectiveness shift emphasis reference model process focus steps intentions speaking intent wants foster meaningful relationships mutual satisfaction listening intent prepare extend heartfelt respectful quality connection experienced according little thesis work research investigate components helping relationship central development rogers emphasized learning emotional state satisfaction hearing way encouraging experience creative active sensitive accurate listening deep value inner experience conscious awareness communication subsequently experience receiving love appreciation extending little says influenced adopt community focus work moving away clinical psychological practice central ideas influencing shift individual mental health depends social structure community unable meet psychological needs community knowledge human behavior increase psychology freely given community miller according early work children learning disabilities shows interest power language emphasis collaboration initial development model structured pupil teacher relationship students greater responsibility decision making related learning model evolved years incorporate institutional power relationships police citizen boss employee informal ones man woman rich poor adult youth parent child ultimate aim develop societal relationships based partnership mutual respect fear based domination little says identified inspiration model goal develop practical process interaction rooted philosophy little translates love arises ill anger hate subsided heart order differences communication styles started use animals violent communication represented symbol aggression especially dominance hand represents strategy chosen symbol long neck supposed clear sighted speaker aware fellow speakers reactions simply land living biggest heart representing courses tends use animals order differences communication audience theory overview holds conflicts individuals groups arise human needs manipulative language aims induce fear guilt shame etc violent modes communication conflict divert attention participants away needs feelings perceptions requests conflict founder published numerous training materials help efforts bring radical social change concerned transforming gangs domination structures method called ask ask ask suggested social change activists focus gaining access power order ask ask ask changes life better including powerful wrote need protective use force distinguishing use force theories trainers characterize assumptions underlying follows human beings share needs world offers sufficient resources meeting basic needs actions attempts meet needs feelings point needs met human beings capacity compassion human beings enjoy giving human beings meet needs relationships human beings change choice internal direct path peace self connection intentions trainers practicing involves having following intentions open hearted living self compassion expressing heart receiving compassion connection moving right wrong needs based assessments responsibility feelings taking responsibility actions living peace needs increasing capacity meeting needs increasing capacity meeting present moment sharing power partnership caring equally needs force protect educate punish want agreement communication blocks compassion says certain ways communicating tend people experience compassion implying people don act harmony values blame insults downs labels criticisms comparisons said forms judgment confused value qualities value use characterized way expressing oneself require reveal going inside oneself way speaking said result attention focused classifying analyzing determining levels need getting demands explicitly threaten listeners blame punishment fail comply denial responsibility language awareness personal responsibility said deny responsibility actions attribute cause vague forces condition diagnosis personal psychological history actions authority group pressure institutional policy rules regulations gender roles social roles age roles making comparisons people premise certain actions merit reward merit punishment components invites practitioners focus attention components observation facts seeing hearing touching distinct evaluation meaning significance static said combine observation evaluation hear criticism resist saying instead focus observations specific time context recommended feelings emotions free thought story distinguished thoughts feel didn fair deal words colloquially feelings convey think inadequate think evaluating think misunderstood ignored feelings said reflect experiencing needs met identifying feelings said allow easily connect allowing vulnerable expressing feelings help resolve conflicts needs universal human needs distinct particular strategies meeting needs service needs request request specific action free demand requests distinguished demands open hearing response triggering attempt force matter makes request receives recommended preventing person saying yes deciding continue conversation recommended requests use clear positive concrete action language modes primary modes application self involves connecting going inside involve blame noticing thoughts having noticing feelings critically connecting needs affecting receiving involves connection alive person life wonderful understanding head mentally understand person says connection understanding heart beauty person divine energy person life alive doesn mean feel feelings person sympathy feel sad person upset doesn mean feelings means person mentally trying understand person present involves mind listening suggests person expresses focus listening underlying observations feelings needs requests suggested useful reflect person said highlighting components implicit message feelings needs guess expressing expressing honestly likely involve expressing observation feeling need request observation omitted context conversation clear feeling omitted sufficient connection context naming feeling isn likely contribute connection said naming need addition feeling makes likely people think making responsible feeling similarly said making request addition naming need makes likely people vague demand address need components thought work according trainer observation sets context feelings support connection getting heads needs support connection identify important request sort response enjoy components chances people getting lost potentially speculation want research lacks significant longitudinal research studies evaluated effectiveness training programs date little discussion academic contexts evidence effectiveness based theoretical support produced systematic review research related impact development found studies met inclusion criteria published peer reviewed journals unpublished researcher reports suggested increase subsequent application evidence statistical significance notes shortcomings review studies included instruments result narrative synthesis review format lacks precision allows studies different types sizes outcome measures aims suggests primary limitation review number relevant studies exist included lack availability suggests significantly altered results finally includes following mention inevitable bias present review spite efforts disciplined decisions degree uncertainty born tension weak evidence studies convictions model overall assessment current research promoting development results promising need confirmed studies bearing stronger designs appropriate measures notes major existing research model measures suggests improved instruments need developed adequately test master doctoral known tested model sample sizes smaller generally found model effective met founder explains academic literature follows virtually conflict resolution programs academic setting foundation studies graduate students assessing remarkable roots clinical psychology comes time private practice clinical psychology consultation academic post creation entirely organization recently foundation grant contrary funded offered public workshops world data coming slowly independent researchers find funding conduct publish studies peer review thesis updated book form asserts absent academic programs lack research theoretical basis model lack research reliability positive results thesis meets objection analysis existing theories provide solid support element model theoretical understanding clear aspects model work effectively applied theoretical analysis provide foundation research effectiveness reliability model reportedly element bundle produced dramatic changes forensic psychiatric nursing settings high level violence norm adopted combination effort reduce violence said reduce key violence percent year period medium security unit percent single year maximum security unit study examined effects combined training male inmates monroe washington training found reduce training estimated having saved state million year reduced costs training found increase decrease anger lead abilities responsibility feelings express requests imposing demands reported effective reducing domestic violence male participants graduated based intervention program california zero percent years according relevant district attorneys offices news report contrasted rate percent years reported graduates intervention program based model said previously offer lowest known domestic violence rate recent research appears existence universal human needs provide thoughtful study important role human needs development theoretical model explain effectiveness authors present theories human needs basis common core needs discuss theories explain importance understanding human needs context conflict resolution clearly distinguish core human needs interests strategies focusing needs shift field conflict resolution present theories pioneering work distinguished sympathy active listening pointing word confused literature terms examine stage theories development developmental theories related relationship spirituality notes understands fundamentally spiritual practice fact described influence spiritual life development practice think important people spirituality base learn mechanics process mind spiritual practice trying way life don mention people practice practice mechanical technique start experience things people weren able experience eventually come spirituality process begin communication process realize attempt manifest certain spirituality states developed way conscious calls beloved divine energy christians found christian faith people found buddhism theory buddhist ideals practice relationship models examines theoretical related influential interest based model conflict resolution negotiation developed fisher 1980s appears conceptual overlap model references little suggests gordon model effective relationships likely precursor interest based negotiation based conceptual similarities direct evidence connection like gordon worked models similarities reflect common influences sees substantive difference active listening originated gordon listening recommended active listening involves specific step reflecting speaker said let know listening listening involves ongoing process listening heart mind fully present experience aim needs meaning experience person note overlap premises academic model understanding sources conflict designing conflict resolution processes idea violence occurs certain individuals groups way meet need need understanding respect consideration needs sees overlap advocates critical thinking especially uniting kindness clear thinking sees similarities developed observations feelings needs requests components relating objective reflective stages responses little published critique researchers noted lacks evidence base claims effectiveness similarly lacks discussion literature theoretical basis model researchers attempted thorough evaluation criticisms weaknesses assessed significant challenges application span range potential problems practical theoretical include concerns gathered study participants researchers difficulty dangers common concerns step model seen problematic number reasons notion observations criticized multiple interpretations events behaviors likely people understand feelings needs expressing challenging impossible model causes people feel awkward requires trust typically found everyday interactions process attempting guess identity people feelings putting demands successfully requesting positive actions appropriate language requires level investment time reflection typically available people interactions addition find potential violence use use suggests use unlikely allow express feelings needs met real life require time patience discipline skilled use prefer suggests people hide feelings process communication massive investment time effort learning use noted number researchers reviewing training video finds presentation key ideas spell binding anecdotes inspiring notes beauty work fine thinking interacting audience wonders aspects presentation apparent dim view place thinking building account origins way thinking elements says like pat answers odds challenging complex picture human nature history literature art offer notes distinction strong sense communication virtue possible care attention weak sense born ego strong sense offers language examine thinking actions support understanding bring best community honor emotions weak sense language rules use score debating points label political gain insist express way concerned says lead weak sense sees evidence confirming understands strong sense practice work workshop attendees demonstrates real thing warns weak sense absent advises conservative liberal accept known principle guard communication subtle violence bowling professor assessing book communication language compassion context rhetoric states relative strength individual vastly key issue structural violence completely ignored reports endorsed variety public figures created series cartoons organizations founded terms terms clarity branding purposes trainers wish teach manner aligned understanding process offers certified trainers communication offered trainers sponsored organizations considered allied having formal relationship founded announced numerous organizations sprung world regional focuses articles thoughts communication social change traveling conversation mind fall issue moore evolutionary alternatives issue spring review communication newsletter november expert conflict resolution believes nature san diego union october language yes magazine summer
Nonviolent Communication