french world widely recognized red wine varieties grown nearly major wine producing country diverse spectrum climates canada lebanon internationally recognized prominence blended france spread europe new world found new homes places like california new_zealand bay australia regions chile 20th century world widely planted premium red wine surpassed 1990s despite prominence industry relatively new variety product chance crossing 17th century southwestern france popularity attributed ease cultivation thick skins hardy naturally low yielding late avoid frost resistant hazards insects consistent presentation structure express typical character variety familiarity ease pronunciation helped sell consumers unfamiliar wine regions widespread popularity contributed criticism takes wine regions expense native varieties classic profile tends bodied high noticeable contributes wine aging potential cooler climates tends produce notes accompanied green bell pepper notes mint cedar pronounced wine ages moderate climates notes seen black cherry black notes hot climates current parts australia particularly wine region south_australia tend characteristic notes history origins years origin clearly understood myths surrounded word believed derived french meaning wild refer wild vine native france recently rumored ancient origins ancient roman wine referenced elder belief widely held 18th century known apparently corruption belief reference hard wood french vine possible relationship known theory originated region spain period prevalent certain records indicate popular planting 18th century region estates known actively grown variety likely source estates true origins discovered use dna team led dna evidence determined offspring likely chance crossing occurred 17th century prior discovery origin suspected similarity names fact shares similar pencil box offspring white prolific noir widely production offspring linked varieties cross produced french wine white discovered growing garden western_australia crossing unknown hybrid variety discovered switzerland late 20th century vine producing bronze found australia propagated registered sold pale red bronze started producing white registered white compared parent appears lack cells retains layer team went discover genes control color suggested gene involved production deleted cells invaded produce series trials white wine sparkling wine create red italian wine crossed white german wine create white wine grow variety climates wine blend component strongly influenced warmth climate vine major varieties typically weeks climate growing season affects early harvested wine regions california vine abundance sunshine problems fully increases likelihood producing regions like threat harvest season weather harvested little earlier ideal blended fill gaps regions climate important soil regions cool potential green bell pepper regions exposed excess warmth wine develop cooked variety variety soil types making consideration soil concern particularly soil aspect historically important consideration determining major varieties planted thrive limestone based soils right bank regions estuary perform better gravel based soil region gravel soils offered benefit drained absorbing heat aiding limestone based soils cooler allowing heat reach delaying regions climate warmer emphasis soil fertile promotes vine yields low wine regions soil dusty quoted giving sense taste dust south australian wine region produced vastly different results planted region soil red soil considered boundary wine region controversy wine planted red soil addition levels harvest yields strong influence resulting quality wine vine prone vigorous yields particularly planted vigorous excessive yields result concentrated wine green 1970s particular clone engineered virus free noted high yields causing quality conscious producers late 20th century different varieties reduce yields producers plant vigorous practice green harvesting aggressive clusters soon general good resistance diseases noted exception susceptible vine diseases green bell pepper flavor couple noted tied climate influences widely recognized green bell pepper flavor caused prevalent compounds present gradually destroyed sunlight continues human compound levels low time start fully equivalent level cooler climates difficult fully point detected green bell pepper flavor considered wine fault desirable consumers tastes california wine region noted late 20th century pronounced green pepper flavor earning nickname addition cool climate prone effect shutting known mint mint associated wine regions warm low levels generally cool australia region areas belief soil contributor notes flavor appears region similar climate tend appear regions habitats tree california valleys parts australia evidence prove direct link proximity trees presence flavor wine aspects reflect desires personality presenting familiar express typical character variety pronounced effects use oak production typically decision produce blended wine blend potentially classic example blended emulated united_states produced designation blended variety decision blend followed decision blending different styles producers age variety separately blend wine shortly small thick skin creating high ratio seed fruit pulp elements high proportions stark influence structure flavor wine especially subjected long periods skin contact period traditionally weeks gave staff time close estate harvest hunting holiday results long periods require years aging wine producers wish wine couple years drastically reduce time little days following high temperatures temperature play role result deeper colors flavor components extracted higher temperatures fruit maintained lower temperature australia experimentation softer nature important consideration exposed prolonged periods extracted skin present resulting wine choose period favor color flavor concentrations methods use levels common method oak aging wine gradual levels mellow harsh introduce softer wood choice agents reduce egg whites positively charged proteins naturally attracted negatively charged molecules agents bond removed wine additional method micro gradual occurs barrel aging limited exposure oxygen aiding larger molecules perceived softer affinity oak noted traits affinity oak barrel aging addition having effect naturally high unique wood complement natural tobacco particular success based blends significant influence making barrel size popular worldwide decision degree oak influence type oak strong impact resulting wine american oak particularly new barrels stronger oak subtle french oak american oak family location oak source plays role oak state oregon having pronounced influence oak missouri pennsylvania virginia use variety oak barrels different locations different ages blend wine blending different varieties control influence oak alternatives standard barrels larger barrels smaller wood wine ratio pronounced oak italy portugal use barrels wood types chestnut method consider tea oak chips adding oak aging steel tanks methods costly oak barrels create pronounced oak tend mellow integrate rest wine components provide gradual benefit barrel aging wine regions wine region connected wine rarely blended component varieties likely birthplace vine producers globe invested heavily trying reproduce structure complexity blend created earliest examples acclaimed wine blended pairing widely seen australia pays decision start blending partly derived financial necessity unpredictable climate guarantee successful harvest year producers risk losing entire vintage planting variety time discovered unique characteristics variety complement enhance overall quality wine base backbone wine added structure aging potential particularly harvested ideal lack sense fruit compensated adding add additional lighter soils region based lack color achieved blending today add additional fruit floral dna evidence shown result crossing varieties led historians believe originated early records indicate popular planting region 18th century loose clusters thick skins provided good resistance wet maritime climate continued grow popularity epidemic exposed sensitivity disease severely ravaged lost wine turned increasing soon widely planted region started better understand area different varieties performed different region increased region graves region dominant variety wine blends right bank regions distant wine regions influence wine shown unique characteristics different regions develops mineral characteristic noted strong lead pencil scent cedar cigar boxes characterized soft rich fruit southern graves region characterized strong intense percentage blend depend styles vintage growth estates noted regularly producing highest percentage common factor affecting harvest yields legal maximum permitted yield aid global warming vigorous easily surpass estates taking advantage legal ceiling limit classification permits higher yields exceptional years adverse effect quality production producers regularly use harvested excessive yields recent years emphasis keeping yields low particularly estate grand french regions wine region accounts grown france outside found varying quantities general lighter structured earlier wine southwest french wine regions add flavor structure blended presence region mid 19th century recommended blending partner recent years wine estates received international acclaim blended like single pays influence australian flying considerable treated wine estates producers making like new world overall exerted dominance region generally considered situated dry climate producers consideration generally rely irrigation compensate climate italy long history italian introduced region mid-1970s earned notoriety controversy component called super today permitted outside certain regions history viewed suspicion foreign influence native varieties decades experimentation general view improved find ways complement native varieties blending component illegal blending partner classified intention adding color fruit permitted blending composed varieties subjected considerable oak treatment add sense sweet compensate high high styles produce qualities varying depending location regions northern italy blended produce style blends region blended main southern italy blending component local varieties sicily controversial history wine particularly role arrivals super mid-1970s origin rooted restrictive practices zone prior 1990s time composed include local white wine wine producers thought produce better quality wine hindered regulations particularly freedom use blend required use white varieties create style wine ignored regulations releasing blend known producers followed suit soon prices consistently beating prices known wine regions followed suit blending making versions gradually system caught began allowing regions use designated characterized black cherry perception sweetness strong notes typically reach alcohol level maintain notable levels blended significant quantities dominate blend producers aiming find particular balance suits desired style old world producers introduction spanish wine occurred region planted sixth widely planted red wine spain today found quantities spanish wine region permitted designated region areas relegated distinguished designations prominent wine region use revived estates blended primarily blending del producers found international acclaim united_kingdom english wine producers experimented growing variety plastic tunnels create greenhouse effect protect ideal climate wine region permitted planted german wine regions sites best suited generally occupied producers ill inclined popular german variety favor 1980s inexpensive bulgarian highly touted value helped establish country wine industry garner international presence wine market performing similar function countries eastern_europe including turkey bulgaria czech_republic georgia hungary romania ukraine eastern mediterranean wine regions cyprus greece israel lebanon california california developed characteristic style reputation recognizable world market production california similar quantity judgment paris wine event helped catapult international stage leap district beat classified estates like blind conducted french wine experts 1980s new epidemic hit california devastating needed speculation ravaged emerging movement fact california doubled wine regions north completely dominated variety started gain shown tendency feature black olive notes characterized strong black fruit california main stylistic difference mountain terrain like valley floors areas thinner fertile soils produces smaller intense reminiscent require years aging mature yields lower typically range tons acre contrast tons produced fertile valley floors produced tend characterized deep colors strong california wine regions potential grow produce bodied alcohol levels regularly average excess use oak california long history producers favoring use new oak barrels heavily composed american oak early 1980s unsuccessful trend create food friendly oak influence focus shifted oak influence producers inclined limit use oak barrels turning french oak combination new older oak barrels american wine regions widely planted red variety washington state according generally found warmer sites choice hardy vine resistance cold winter frost commonplace washington characterized easy drinking styles overly american areas seen success include valley parts near tri cities region oregon small quantities planted warmer southern regions started develop presence arizona new_york texas virginia wine industries particularly long_island united_states blended styles american system include south_america grown nearly south american country including chile argentina brazil peru chile historically limited excessively high yields commonplace country producers begun concentrate limiting yields regional differences began emerge distinguished flat river valleys climate region important consideration higher elevations soil type greater concern region noted fruit closed tight structure needs time bottle develop characterized fruit dusty note warmer regions fully produce rich fruit perceived sweet fruit levels lower softer making younger age argentina country main red numbers growing versions lighter fruit meant consumed young premium examples blended produce leather tobacco notes recent years increased coming planted higher altitudes garner international attention australia 1970s region brought international attention australian intense fruit subtle notes region soon followed tightly structured pronounced black fruit notes 1980s australia followed california contemporary trend producing lighter food friendly alcohol levels percent early 1990s styles changed focus balance fruit today second widely planted red wine australia following blended found wine regions large producers states notable regional differences characterize australian addition wine styles produces big bodied nearby cooler produces concentrated fruit victorian wine region noted balance fruit producers end south african wine industry working world wine markets regions actively promoting today widely planted red wine south_africa produced blended styles producers favor blend follow australian example blending early examples south african produced planted locations cooler ideal creating distinctive green bell pepper notes mid-1990s emphasis harvesting fuller new clones introduced produced fruit age better locations identified regional styles starting emerge south african region noted heavy bodied characterized new_zealand climate challenge finding wine regions suitable producing industry focus centered bay region significant effort producing cool climate region coupled high yields fertile soils produced marked aggressive green added focus canopy management gives sunlight removing excess foliage low combine achieve lower yields started produce better results blended help compensate climate regions new_zealand sprung renewed focus producing distinctive new_zealand north regions bay warm gravel soils started achieve notice near overall far noir new_zealand red wine popularity criticism past century enjoyed swell popularity noble world wine built partially historical success wine regions like california australia planting considered solid choice wine region warm consumers familiar wine aided accessibility appeal obscure wine regions producers 1980s bulgarian wine industry largely driven introduced international wine market success widespread popularity contributed criticism variety role planted new emerging wine regions expense focus unique local varieties regions portugal abundance native varieties largely ignored seeks wine industry port production wine styles style strongly influenced harvest high exhibit pronounced green bell harvested taste choose harvest different levels order incorporate different elements potentially add layer complexity wine young typically exhibit strong fruit black distinctive characteristic element present virtually style wine globe styles regions producers mint tobacco age develop associated cedar cigar boxes pencil general examples pronounced notes heightened notes ability age 19th 20th centuries large reputation built ability age develop bottle addition age new emerge add complexity historically trait characterized premium examples favorable having potential century producers globe developed styles age develop decades ability age years vintage tend years typically decade longer depending producer vintage spanish italian need similar time develop examples typically drunk earlier characterized earlier premium producers cult produce need time age potentially develop decades overall majority meant couple years bottle potential improve time similarly premium australian need years develop years new_zealand typically meant consumed young maintain green extended bottle aging south american pronounced fruit young best examples maintain age south african tend favor styles typically require years aging start develop pairing food bold wine potential light delicate dishes wine high content oak influences high alcohol levels associated regional styles play important roles influencing wine matches different foods young elements peak wine ages possibilities different food open circumstances matching weight alcohol level body wine food important consideration high alcohol levels pair foods levels present like enhanced alcohol heat bitterness black pepper pair better ability minimize perception classic pepper proteins reduce perception paired dishes heavy butter cream sauce allowing fruits wine noticeable contrast rice little effect bitterness use bitter foods cooking methods involve like wine ages subtle bitter dishes pair better oak influences wine matched cooking methods similar influences food smoking dishes include oak influenced normally found brown sugar pair different styles different regions influence wine matches certain foods influences pair better mushrooms cooler climates noticeable notes balanced vegetables fruit perceived sweet pair dishes lots different flavor influences potential pair bitter dark chocolate pair styles milk chocolate wine typically pair variety flavored blue typically compete pairing health benefits late published result studies conducted mount showed beneficial relationship compound found red wine reducing risk factors associated disease study showed found reduce levels beta attack brain cells shown promote clearance beta shown non alcoholic extracts protect rats
Cabernet Sauvignon