research station research station located kilometers coast eastern princess queen land antarctica norway year research station antarctica supplemented summer station operated features facilities contrary research stations continent constructed snow free slope solid rock breaking ice sheet located meters mean sea level station opened summer station taken use year station capacity people summer capacity served base facilities located eastern princess queen land norway claims dependent territory station located bare ground area meters mean sea level completely surrounded ice sheet unlike research stations located snow kilometers coast station facilities owned government norway operation facility government agency facilities consist module built new section square meters old section square meters new section consists gym kitchen communication center office space addition smaller buildings laboratories provision stores generators old station partially storage partially summer station facility features emergency facility people located safe distance main base case fire accidents station tolerate temperatures wind speeds meters second facility attempts minimize environmental impact mechanisms including area usage energy consumption reduced excess heat melt snow ice drinking water heating waste purchase planning recycling remaining waste compressed transported away fuel handled way small solar plant peak installed roof tops serves pilot installation declared middle term target reducing oil consumption research station significantly extending solar plant years station cold dry climate located desert annual mean temperature summer temperature able reach lowest winter storms occur year occasionally outdoor activity impossible located south circle midnight sun summer polar night winter research maintains air atmospheric measurement equipment combined similar measuring station norway allows institute collect data polar regions particular facility measures organic pollution radiation creates air samples annually generate data trend analysis weekly air pollution measurements compared equivalent measurements ground measurements taken mercury greatest pollution threats polar regions measurements conducted measure levels particular gain additional information hole joint venture operates satellite ground station allows data conjunction located targets satellites polar orbit consists single meter low earth orbit antenna capable band band reception relay information meter meter band provide connection europe north_america ground stations european satellite navigation system norway main contribution project operates manned weather station measures air pressure temperature humidity wind station airfield history 1980s increasingly important government norway permanent base queen land area annexed january time mainly based norwegian interests norway operated research station given south_africa 1960s 1980s norway research activities antarctica sporadic fixed base gave advantage research bound geographically weakened norwegian claim queen land right participate member treaty party treaty ask norwegian authorities saw need permanent base strengthen norway claim decided establish summer station built summer resulting square meter building room people construction required tonnes long tons short tons materials hauled coast station officially opened february station took surrounding mountains resemble norse mythology occurred expedition camp base ease logistics norway took initiative establish land air network cooperation countries bases queen land transport costs having airfield allows quicker transport research stations western queen land located away incumbent airfields flight preliminary cape_town south_africa onwards decided norway extend operations antarctica establishing year research station norway country territorial claim antarctica year research station continent government stated investment motivated improve climate research strengthen norway polar research nation strengthen norway role premise maker environmental policy construction expansion december february contracted job tonnes long tons short tons equipment hauled base ice shelf base required connected site new infrastructure included new generator emergency station garage provision stores container ramps equipment fuel laboratories time established meteorological station construction runway required filling removal stones opened february queen norway new research station following day opening power station built satellite base station built resulted need connection base winter season lack funding taken use provide power norwegian prime minister visited january things opened time international polar year norwegian united_states expedition traveled scott south pole station february norwegian minister environment hosted meeting environment ministers countries discuss climate change learn recent research field
Troll (research station)