causeway causeway arterial traffic crossing perth western australia linking inner city suburbs composed bridges cross eastern end current causeway structure built river point originally site restricted river navigation colony government constructed causeway bridge site project planned opened floods destroyed structure rebuilt convict labour raised better withstand future floods governor officially opened new causeway november following decades bridges making second causeway widened times eventually replaced current causeway bridges designed built western_australia use steel composite construction large constructed end structure improve flow traffic opening graham farmer freeway reduced traffic volume causeway allowing central lanes turned bus lanes early 2000s concrete structures suffered significant damage cracks repaired carbon reinforcement extending bridge life decades causeway bridges recognised heritage value entry history following settlement colony main transportation link perth port land transportation difficult river crossing near perth ford eastern end town impassable wagons crossing point miles upstream major alternative river crossings ferries operated narrows causeway soon colony founded settlers lobbied construction road eastern end town preliminary survey site conducted commissioner roads bridges surveyor general public meeting february passed resolution urging colony government construct road site showed public plans proposed causeway year later january noted preliminary work carried building causeway thought upgrading bush track previously committee set october investigate viability causeway site february plans prepared submitted committee chairman called plans prepared estimates meeting committee february submitted plan designed major estimated cost committee cut estimated figure waited governor specify funded government original causeway consisted central bridge river navigation raised pile central bridge driven home november bridge completed costing approaches bridge took longer complete causeway sufficiently completed january horsemen causeway finally finished total cost officially opened chairman presence person friends causeway originally toll road costs crossing ranged penny person foot horse drawn cart tolls subject additional levy cent night hours tolls later removed appears perth toll road second causeway june major flooding experienced towns region resulting losses perth completely submerged original causeway destroyed seven feet water governor ordered causeway reconstructed raised feet new causeway designed built opening newly refurbished causeway affair causeway second causeway opened duke edinburgh royal_navy ship failed western_australia way sydney result governor proceeded opening duke absence november governor drove avenue flags causeway military corps band great crowd present opening speeches dignitaries governor declared new causeway open following words governor declare causeway open traffic proceedings disrupted raced newly opened bridge governor procession horseback announcing following crowd declare cross perth bridge causeway parade including governor carriage proceeded new causeway boy governor procession continued steam boats upstream governor opened new second causeway bridges combined length feet budget constraints encountered construction meant bridges structurally weak maximum pounds head cattle initially allowed time causeway modified times life widened addition strengthened widened average feet inches june causeway placed control minister works causeway bridges widened feet downstream increased total width feet causeway plans build new bridge narrows downstream causeway aftermath world war hold new causeway constructed vehicle traffic causeway doubled current causeway built designed bridges meeting considerable work carried river provide wider navigation channels turned single island substantial portion land reclaimed bridges truly modern bridges built perth world war bridges western_australia use steel composite construction second australia bridges combined length feet featuring foot wide roadway supporting traffic lanes feet wide western bridges order achieve sufficiently high clearance river channels high tide bridges graded approaches increase roadway elevation southeastern bridge longer feet long spans plate foot relieving span end north western bridge shorter feet length spans foot relieving span end bridge decks reinforced concrete supported plate turn freely supported concrete piers supply problems aftermath war meant concrete piers founded timber piles concrete additionally steel plate shortage forced bridge designers avoid use steel design forms bridge superstructure cement bridges sourced seven different sources led different different parts bridges previous causeway carried electric expected new causeway carry instead proposed overhead wires deemed ugly new bridge saved buses instead routes causeway replaced bus services bridges constructed nonetheless designed able carry southeastern bridge completed opened traffic september traffic continuing use bridges previous causeway work continued northwestern bridge land constructed end causeway improve flow traffic bridges distribution traffic road network eastern roundabout opened western open december guides usage published newspapers construction began grade separated partial cloverleaf interchange eastern end causeway million interchange opened march traffic entering city causeway doubled leading renewed calls new bridge west narrows bridge eventually built narrows bridge opened narrows bridge traffic problems causeway narrows causeway continued road crossings bridge graham farmer freeway opened opening eastern bypass coincided conversion causeway centre lanes bus lanes lowered traffic levels causeway cars day months western roundabout state worst black spot traffic light controlled roundabout conjunction works causeway variable quality cement construction causeway bridges meant early 2000s suffered significant damage leading repair contract awarded cracks piers undertaken ends piers cracking substantial tied carbon reinforcement repairs coated moisture resistant coating expected life bridges decades causeway bridges received interim entry june permanent october classified june route description causeway begins intersection riverside drive adelaide terrace hay street intersection traffic light controlled roundabout road reaches northern metres crosses metre long north western bridge road continues straight island metres road passes second metre long bridge links causeway ends grade separated partial cloverleaf interchange located metres south east second bridge interchange links causeway roads south west north east south east access albany highway causeway albany highway way road leading interchange intersections northwestern end south west state route mitchell north west terrace hay street north east end great eastern highway north east national highway nation route midland perth airport canning highway south west road south east state route south east access
The Causeway