species fungus family reported known central japan grows dead leaves twigs low elevation forests dominated oak trees fruit body fungus smooth violet brown cap diameter slender stem long distinguishing microscopic characteristics mushroom include relatively large distinctly spores turning blue black stained melzer reagent smooth shaped cheilocystidia cystidia gill edge absence pleurocystidia cystidia gill face hyphae cap cuticle absence clamp connections taxonomy naming classification fungus collected japanese mycologist described new species seven publication mushroom japanese specific epithet derived latin means fountain according microscopic features suggest species best classified section defined dutch specialist description cap diameter ranges shape conical convex bell shaped surface arranged shallow grooves extending center cap cap surface somewhat changing color loses water dry smooth colored violet brown young somewhat paler margin white flesh thick lacks distinctive odor taste stem long slender compared size cap typically tall thick cylindrical slightly enlarged base hollow grayish brown violet brown gradually violet brown lower portion stem surface initially appearing covered fine whitish powder smooth age stem base bears large like coarse white hairs gills narrowly attached stem reaching stem gills broad thin whitish grayish gills edges color gill faces microscopic characteristics spores ellipsoid smooth distinctly absorbing stain melzer reagent thin walled measure spore bearing cells basidia club shaped spored immature aborted basidia club shaped cheilocystidia cystidia found gills edges abundant shaped roughly club shaped broadly rounded smooth thin walled form sterile gill edge pleurocystidia cystidia gill faces absent species tissue tissue hymenium bearing structure thin walled hyphae wide cylindrical smooth reddish reddish brown melzer reagent cap cuticle parallel bent hyphae wide cylindrical densely covered finger like thin walled contain brownish pigment layer hyphae underlying cap cuticle parallel brownish pigment short inflated cells measuring wide stem cuticle parallel bent hyphae wide cylindrical hyphae covered scattered thin walled finger like contain brownish pigment flesh stem running cylindrical hyphae wide smooth clamp connections absent tissues species similar species similar discovered reported concurrently differs forming pale grayish purple cap low broad club shaped cheilocystidia short finger like hyphae stem cuticle habitat distribution known japan fruit bodies found solitary scattered dead leaves twigs low elevation forests dominated oak species
Mycena fonticola