refers proximity people different ethnic backgrounds country specific geographic region relates ability willingness individuals identify multiple occurs multiple inhabit given area specifically means immigration trade conquest post war land divisions professor states series lectures societal norm cultures ethnic groups political social implications countries regions countries level countries like united_states canada having large levels countries like japan poland having small levels specifically sense prevalent current society spurred arguments include belief leads weakening society strengths belief political ethnic issues countries populations better handled different laws certain conceptual history professor canadian historian known expertise subject gave series lectures ancient modern cultures main thesis lectures cultural norm societies composed different ethnic groups states ideal societies grown western_europe growth belief single base political organization society believes world war point time desire nations began weaken impact politics divides nations politics local national governments attempt satisfy ethnic groups politicians countries attempt find balance ethnic identities country identity nation nationalism plays large political debates cultural democratic alternatives nationalism state idea nationalism social instead ethnic variety culture shared sense identity community based descent culturally states vary state great_britain federal state belgium switzerland canada ethnic parties regions anti state instead seek maximum power state countries face dilemma policy decisions following nations regions specific examples dilemma effects united_states united_states nation founded different frequently described coming melting pot term emphasize degree constituent groups influence influenced bowl term recently coined contrast melting pot metaphor emphasizing groups retention fundamentally distinct identities despite proximity influence overall culture groups inhabit controversial political issue recent years question immigrants come native spanish speakers past centuries significant minority majority areas southwest new_mexico spanish speaking population exceeds disputes emerged language policy sizable population areas majority population speak spanish native language biggest debates bilingual education language minority students availability non english ballots election materials english official language evolved ethnic conflict support linguistic access strongly oppose lead official english movement united_states official language english default national language spoken overwhelming majority country population canada canada political debates french speakers english speakers particularly province quebec canada holds french english official languages politics quebec largely defined nationalism french wish gain independence canada based ethnic linguistic boundaries main party attempted gain sovereignty twice failed narrow margin order remain united canada granted quebec recognizing quebec nation united nation canada canada described cultural mosaic belgium divide dutch speaking north flanders french speaking south wallonia caused parliamentary democracy equal number seats prescribed flemish belgian political parties divided identical different parties political crisis grown bad recent years partition belgium feared nation consisting different ethnic groups indigenous languages diverse population rural areas nation nearly impossible create strong centralized state eventually accomplished political evolution prior nationalism discussed radical student groups late 20th century issue come forefront political debate forced political system properly handle nationalism debates military regime took control ideology urging self determination rejecting compromise issues 1980s suffered series ussr broke apart lost aid soviet_union regime collapsed eventually adopted modern political system models federal parliamentary republic impossible create central government holding power government torn central federal government based regional states ethnic state granted right establish government democracy 19th century spain spain spanish war independence took place amidst multi cultural spain spain time control napoleon france brother nation control french rule spanish formed ethnic groups reclaim political representation instead current french political system power southeast_asia southeast_asia continental area thailand vietnam generally practices southeast_asia malaysia indonesia practices islam rest region philippines practices roman catholic christianity singapore significant long distance labor migration occurred late 19th early 20th century provided different types ethnic diversity relations indigenous population region arose regional variations cultural linguistic group time immigrant minorities especially chinese developed extreme political differences minority religion legitimate members political communities significant unity history differs nearby east impact society time change way societies practice cultural norms marriage increase united_states led ethnic lines anti laws laws banning marriages abolished united_states estimated fifth population united_states population self identified americans numbered million population number marriages rise certain ethnic groups found likely recognize ethnic background states article higher rates marriages blacks likely report blacks claim single ethnicity racial identity case authors lee argue blacks legacy slavery history discrimination drop rule having black blood automatically labeled black military presently armed forces composed people different ethnic backgrounds considered differences race ethnicity language background examples forces prominent largest armed forces world including united_states ussr china armed forces new phenomenon multi ethnic forces existence ancient middle eastern modern begin ethnic integration order president criticisms arguments regions british_columbia argue level declares ideal culture believes culture nation region capable cultural culmination individual essentially promotes ethnicity ethnicity aspects culture british_columbia points benefits level albeit small policies argues benefits allowing ethnic groups like united_states canada norway live edges governance ethnic groups prefer retain ethnic identity prefer policies require conform policies nation
Polyethnicity