central central language known central morocco rarely native language language family spoken million people mountains smaller communities france central spoken languages riff morocco rivals spoken languages referred central speakers ones use term exclusively typical languages series realized lacks system numerous words central unlike neighbouring known significant writing tradition 20th century officially written script instruction schools descriptive linguistic literature commonly uses latin alphabet arabic alphabet standard word order subject object subject object words gender number state heavily marked tense aspect mode voice person subject undergoing borrowing arabic extends major word classes including borrowed according native patterns including classification central spoken languages addition riff rivals spoken language morocco complicated fact speakers languages refer language differences groups largely relatively large degree internal diversity including occurs central speakers refer etymology uncertain translate free people term feminine form refers language words self groups replace local terms speakers use regularly exclusively older studies referred arabic term equivalent related standard arabic english term refer languages etymology belongs branch language family number languages north_africa including semitic languages egyptian language languages languages retained number widespread features including gender system subject object realized morphology found languages belongs neighbouring branch northern middle dialect riff north east south west basic differs markedly verbal system similar riff greater internal diversity divided distinct geographic regions spoken mountains spoken high mountains spoken foothills characteristic apparent languages central northern morocco algeria middle rare high speakers absent speakers foothills southern differentiated auxiliary man southern use typically high rural country auxiliary man differences groups primarily groups speaking include ambiguity eastern boundary central dialect tribes commonly classed central reported mutually neighbouring dialect genetically belong rest central belongs excluded sources central lists group south dialect central similar treated specialists separate dialect group history lived north_africa western egypt atlantic_ocean recorded history began region centuries ago 5th century city founded extended north_africa wake wars rome replaced regional central region remained independent classical period occasional central latin team bear witness ancestors contact arabs conquered area modern day morocco algeria 7th century prompting waves arab migration adoption islam particularly following arrival modern day tunisia 11th century north_africa arabic speaking centuries high mountainous regions north_africa continued speak 12th 15th centuries rest morocco fell domain 17th century region acknowledged rule dynasty current royal family effective control region limited 20th century condition recognising spiritual legitimacy royal authority rejecting political claims expansion starting 16th century brought region regional tribes defensive leading formation alliance treaty morocco french spanish french spanish military occupation leaving monarchy establishing french military presence region installing french commissioner general tribes areas stiff military resistance french rule lasting case morocco independence strong emphasis laid country arab identity national arabic language educational system instituted languages including place government responded demands recognition taught establishing television broadcasts languages including central promotion languages cultures government created geographic distribution central spoken languages riff rivals spoken language morocco central spoken entire middle reaching east west region near spoken central eastern high mountains morocco spoken areas widely varying ecological conditions mountainous forested regions middle mountains northwestern morocco spread areas riff north center south southwest mutually riff riff speakers understand transitional varieties exist creating smooth transition figures number speakers languages generally matter estimates linguistic speak languages estimated spoken morocco speakers commands riff status languages morocco low status mainly home rarely official formal contexts official language media broadcasts music available policy teaching schools central speakers use arabic second language speakers consist older generations children women likely men typically stay village men work cities language home girls grow speaking languages pass children gender helps preserve language bilingual speakers learned arabic schooling migration media government rural children struggle succeed schools teachers speak require learn arabic french including area suffers poverty relative undergoing rural families motivated economic necessity cities stop speaking leading intellectuals fear language shift speakers reported groups large body native speakers considered risk speakers reportedly lower birth rate country morocco official status constitutional referendum languages official morocco alongside arabic king declared national dialect acquire formal status television broadcasts summarized times day educational materials schools developed october king sealed decree creating organizing board composed experts artists activists appointed king institute located played important role establishment script morocco multiple political parties cultural associations morocco advocate advancement calling recognized official language extensively mass media taught schools legal issue affecting speakers restrictions naming law names character uncommon names including ones rejected civil registry 20th century like languages contrast neighbouring basically sporadic cases arabic script attested preserved oral use rural areas isolated urban scholars north_africa usually wrote prestigious arabic language vernacular present writing systems exist languages including neo latin alphabet arabic script extent choice writing system political expressing preference based ideology politics government services including schooling rendered official king based recommendation latin number linguistic works describing central notably dictionary central set flat manifested ways segments segments note spread word modern languages borrowed arabic developed new ones sound shifts addition conspicuous lack inventory segments dialect appear stop forms additionally usually respectively native words similarly addition arabic loans non occur extent alternate versions loans giving marginal status table appear pairs left notes dialect rare native speakers freely substitute mainly arabic small number speakers typical system similarly classical arabic numerous following environments denotes word boundary denotes flat denotes flat denotes predictable non inserted clusters realized voiced voiced alternatively realized voiced release realized nasal lateral occurrence governed rules governing occurrence denotes word boundary denotes denotes examples turned present meet note word initial initial realized word position realized respectively rapid speech fact numerous words consisting entirely contain voiced written neo latin alphabet french publications tended include forms despite french system cause problems slaughtered slaughter stress word stress non predictable falls word including examples ask present explain explained grammar central grammar features typical languages including extensive morphology gender use status morphology gender number state singular masculine usually prefix singular involve regular change sound internal change broken combination masculine usually prefix sound masculine feminine patterns found examples big tent tent cow mat property construct state contrasting free state indicate possession subject follows following conjunction construct state formed follows initial initial initial initial usually initial usually initial remains unchanged examples head house horse bride central personal distinguish persons appear forms independent form subject position derived independent object form controlling distinguish remote occur independently number pack saddle central heavily marked tense aspect mode voice person core stem modified indicate voice tense aspect indicate mood normal subject markers object marking satellite framing accomplished depending environment forms accompanied complement markers indirect object preceding direct object sold modify number gender occur case practically verbal form purposes like normal man lit man woman men women man lit man man non finite include require following construct state word order usually subject construct state subject free state went exhibits pro drop behavior use word function especially structures preceded questions multiple questions occur consequently interrogation contribute anti agreement effects similar causes verbal person marker certain situations vocabulary result relatively intense language contact large arabic loans borrowed words native synonyms door rural areas contact unequal arabic borrowed languages contributed reduced systems arabic loans span wide range classes begin arabic definite prefix arabic acquire native feminine ending fire arabic loans integrated adhere fully patterns native stems undergo function words borrowed etc cardinal native borrowed arabic forms higher cardinals borrowed arabic consistent linguistic numbers likely retained borrowed number generally implies numbers greater borrowed retention motivated fact languages near universally use unity central uses negative construction apparently modeled arabic varieties common development known cycle present multiple varieties argued originated neighboring arabic adopted contact examples universal declaration human rights
Central Atlas Tamazight