arabic hebrew known site islam located whilst entire site silver mosque sits dome rock seventeen gates historically known today narrower definition wider compound usually referred ash noble sanctuary site judaism muslims believe muhammad transported sacred mosque night journey islamic tradition holds muhammad led prayers site seventeenth month emigration god directed turn mosque originally small prayer house built rebuilt expanded finished son mosque completely destroyed earthquake rebuilt successor rebuilt earthquake destroyed years later built mosque stood present day periodic renovations undertaken ruling islamic constructed additions mosque dome facade interior structure captured jerusalem mosque palace dome rock church function mosque restored recapture renovations repairs additions undertaken later centuries ottomans jordan today israeli control mosque remains administration palestinian led etymology translates arabic english mosque refers chapter called night journey said muhammad traveled mosque heaven heavenly creature called confused particular building known names refer southern building silver lead dome centuries referred mosque entire sacred sanctuary referred specific site mosque changed period ottoman rule early 16th century sanctuary complex came known history pre construction mosque located referred muslims today noble sanctuary enclosure expanded king great beginning bce mosque resides artificial platform supported arches constructed engineers overcome difficult conditions resulting southward expansion enclosure valleys time second temple present site mosque occupied running southern wall enclosure destroyed temple jerusalem romans thought emperor dedicated god bearing virgin mary consecrated commonly known situated later constructed remains identified uncovered south analysis wooden beams panels removed mosque renovations 1930s shows cedar lebanon dating indicates large range ages old 9th century bce showing wood previously older buildings reported archaeologist worked earthquake discovered remains mosque publish book excavations included mosaic like byzantine churches jewish second temple period construction current construction mosque dated early period rule palestine architectural historian referring testimony monk pilgrimage palestine notes possibility second ibn erected primitive building capacity ash visited palestine reign possible ordered construction claim explicitly supported early muslim scholar according muslim scholars including din mosque reconstructed expanded dome rock guy strange claims materials destroyed church lady build mosque points possible evidence southeast corners mosque remains church planning magnificent project effect turn entire complex noble sanctuary wanted replace structure described sheltered structure necessary element grand scheme entire meant represent mosque modified aspect earlier building unknown length new building indicated existence traces bridge leading palace south western complex bridge spanned street running outside southern wall direct access mosque direct access palace mosque known feature period evidenced early sites shifted central axis mosque meters westward accord overall plan earlier axis represented structure niche known placing emphasis dome rock architects align new according position rock shifting main north south axis line running dome chain contrast referring claims son reconstructed mosque period months year workers damascus scholars agree mosque reconstruction started oversaw completion series earthquakes ravaged jerusalem destroying eastern section mosque subsequently rebuilt rule order finance reconstruction gold dome rock use money purchase material built likely measured meters earthquakes mosque damaged earthquake years established second far declared intent repair mosque gold silver plaques covered gates mosque removed turned finance reconstruction ended second earthquake damaged repairs excluding southern portion successor rebuilt curtailed length increased breadth renovation known written records describing jerusalem born arab recorded renovated mosque gates earthquake severely damaging mosque rebuilt completely renovated mosque number drastically reduced seven built arcades central hall aisle presently serve foundation mosque central aisle double width large roof dome wood constructed persian describes visit noble sanctuary lies eastern city quarter enter area great beautiful gateway passing gateway right great marble pillars capitals bases colored joints set lead pillars rise arches constructed masonry mortar cement arch constructed blocks stone lead near jerusalem captured crusade named mosque solomon temple distinguishing dome rock named temple god dome rock turned christian church care mosque royal palace stable horses transformed headquarters period mosque underwent structural changes including expansion northern porch addition dividing wall new church built site structures constructed vaulted western eastern building western currently serves women mosque eastern leadership jerusalem following siege repairs renovations undertaken order prepare mosque friday prayers week capture toilets grain stores installed removed floors covered precious interior predecessor sultan commissioned construction new pulpit ivory wood completed death added mosque november sultan damascus built northern porch mosque gates added gates mosque eastern ottomans assumed power undertake major renovations repairs mosque included building fountain restoration building free standing notable dome prophet built construction ordered ottoman governors jerusalem additions existing mosque restored governor having dilapidated state modern era renovation 20th century occurred grand jerusalem commissioned turkish architect restore monuments council commissioned british architects egyptian engineering experts local officials contribute oversee repairs additions carried renovations included reinforcing mosque ancient foundations interior columns replacing beams arches drum main dome interior rebuilding southern wall replacing timber central nave slab concrete renovations revealed inscriptions interior arches covered arches decorated gold green timber tie beams replaced brass quarter stained glass windows carefully renewed preserve original designs severe damage caused earthquakes mosque repaired august fire started visitor australia named member evangelical christian sect known hoped burning second coming jesus making way rebuilding jewish temple subsequently hospitalized mental institution response incident summit islamic countries held year hosted saudi_arabia late king saudi_arabia fire regarded formation 1980s members plotted blow mosque believed blowing cause spiritual awakening israel solve problems jewish people hoped temple jerusalem built location mosque january israeli troops fired rubber bullets tear gas protesters outside mosque wounding october killed injured protests triggered announcement group religious jews going lay cornerstone temple september opposition leader israel members armed guards visited compound large group went protest visit members left demonstration erupted grounds began throwing stones projectiles israeli riot police police fired tear gas rubber bullets crowd injuring people visit sparked year uprising commonly referred commentators citing subsequent speeches officials particularly claim planned months advance early july return camp david talks september israeli government deployed riot police mosque group left mosque friday prayers stones police police stormed mosque compound firing live ammunition rubber bullets group killing wounding november israeli police entered time capturing jerusalem said director previous media reports referred compound mosque architecture rectangular square meters mosque square meters hold long wide unlike dome rock reflects classical byzantine architecture characteristic early islamic architecture dome remains original dome built present day dome built consists wood lead dome reconstructed concrete covered aluminum instead original lead work aluminum outer covering replaced lead match original design dome built periods damascus great mosque interior dome painted 14th century era decorations burning paintings assumed lost completely reconstructed technique method uses fine vertical lines distinguish reconstructed areas original ones facade porch facade mosque built instructions crowned consisting arcades small columns damaged facade restored renovated addition covering facade tiles second hand material facade arches includes sculpted ornamental material taken structures jerusalem facade consists fourteen stone arches style outer arches added follow general design entrance mosque facade central arch porch located facade central bays porch built crusade nephew ordered construction porch interior mosque seven additional small halls west east southern section building stained glass windows mosque eras fourth restored mosque interior supported columns white marble stone column rows central heavy remaining rows better capitals columns different kinds central aisle heavy designed dome order italian white marble capitals eastern aisle heavy basket shaped design east west dome basket shaped smaller better columns piers connected architectural rave consists beams roughly squared timber enclosed wooden great portion mosque covered drum dome walls immediately beneath decorated marble paintings italian artist introduced repairs undertaken mosque earthquake ravaged mosque ceiling mosque painted funding king egypt pulpit mosque built named orders sultan intended gift mosque capture jerusalem took years build died controlled jerusalem captured city installed structure ivory carefully crafted wood arabic floral designs inscribed destruction replaced simpler january head islamic charge stated new installed installed february design new drawn based exact replica finished period years built jordan period years ancient methods joining pieces instead nails employed computer images design pulpit fountain mosque main fountain known cup located north mosque dome rock perform ritual washing hands arms legs feet face entry mosque built governor enlarged accommodate originally supplied water solomon pools near currently receives water pipes connected jerusalem water supply 20th century provided stone seating fountain built ottomans located north mosque platform dome rock drinking 1940s today stands monumental structure religious significance islam islam term refers entire noble sanctuary mosque believed second house prayer constructed post era islamic scholars traditionally identified mosque site referred chapter night journey specific verse cemented significant religious importance islam specific passage reads praise servant journey night sacred sanctuary sanctuary muslims traditionally identify sacred sanctuary sanctuary mosque initially era scholars disagreement location sanctuary arguing actually located near eventually scholarly consensus determined location jerusalem according islamic traditions place muhammad went night journey rode took muhammad prayed finished prayers angel traveled heaven met led prayer historical significance mosque islam emphasized fact muslims turned prayed period sixteen seventeen months migration direction muslims faced prayer muhammad later prayed receiving revelation prayer session relocated muslims directed pray altering precisely reason despite identifying mosque muhammad ascend heaven arrival prayed facing built structure significance particular spot superseded islamic change site according early generally accepted islamic tradition entering conquered jerusalem consulted jewish convert islam came best spot build mosque suggested rock jerusalem replied correspond judaism immediately conversation began clean site filled trash debris muslim followers imitated site clean prayed spot believed muhammad prayed night journey reciting sad according tradition site mosque noble sanctuary place david solomon prayed constructed small prayer house southern corner platform taking care avoid allowing rock come mosque direction muslims face prayed religious status jerusalem recognized sacred site islam mention jerusalem understood islamic scholars earliest times passages refer jerusalem jerusalem mentioned times academics attribute jerusalem rise expansion certain type literary genre known history cities inspired muslims especially period city status holy texts point political motives dynasty led jerusalem islam later medieval scripts modern day political tracts tend classify site islam example quotes saying prophet god muhammad said prayer sacred mosque worth prayers prayer mosque worth prayers prayer mosque worth prayers mosque addition refers mosque site islam calls arab sovereignty current situations administration jordan held control mosque day war israel victory war israel transferred control mosque northern noble sanctuary islamic trust independent israeli government permitted patrol conduct searches perimeter mosque arson attack employed architects technicians committee carry regular maintenance operations israel attempted increase muslim control way israeli policies escalating presence israeli security forces site second activities included abandoned structures head manager mosque assigned role jerusalem palestinian president ownership mosque contentious issue israel palestinian conflict israel claims sovereignty mosque noble sanctuary hold site islamic negotiations camp david summit demanded complete ownership mosque islamic holy sites current access muslim residents israel living normally allowed enter pray mosque restrictions security measures israeli government occasionally prevents certain groups muslims reaching blocking entrances complex restrictions vary time time times restrictions prevented men women entering married men allowed restrictions enforced occasion friday prayers times extended period time restrictions severe followed restrictions israeli government states restrictions place security reasons non muslim visitors enter mosque getting ticket procedure ended second began years later negotiation israel jordan result allowing visitors enter excavations excavations outside took place following war israeli authorities commenced intensive excavations outside walls mosque southern western sides believed tunnels dug order undermine foundations denied claimed closest excavation mosque meters south dug tunnel near western portion mosque according special envoy jerusalem buildings structures deteriorating disputes israeli palestinian governments actually responsible site february department started site archaeological remains location government wanted rebuild collapsed pedestrian bridge leading entrance non muslims complex site meters away mosque excavations provoked anger islamic world israel accused trying destroy foundation mosque prime minister leader called unite protest excavations said end israel israel denied charges calling
Al-Aqsa Mosque