eagle owl eagle owl species eagle owl resides called european eagle owl europe member genus snowy owl occasionally abbreviated eagle owl largest species owl females grow total length wingspan males slightly smaller bird distinctive ear upper parts darker wings tail barred buff darker colour facial disc poorly developed orange eyes distinctive largest living species owl widely distributed eagle owl found number habitats bird mountain regions coniferous forests relatively remote places nocturnal predator hunting range different prey species small mammals birds varying sizes reptiles amphibians fish large insects invertebrates typically breeds cliff rocks concealed locations nest averages eggs laid intervals hatch different times female eggs young male provides food hatch continuing parental care young provided adults months dozen subspecies eagle owl total range europe asia million square kilometres million square miles total population estimated thousand million individuals iucn lists bird conservation status concern eagle occasionally pest control size deter large birds nesting description eagle owl large bird smaller golden eagle larger snowy owl despite overlap size species referred world largest owl fish owl slightly heavier average lighter weight great grey owl slightly longer average noted reported largest specimens eagle owl having upper body mass largest fish owl attained length longer terms average weight wing size slightly larger species seemingly averaging bit larger aspects biggest eagle owl races russia shorter largest species eagle owl weigh twice largest great grey owl eagle owl typically wingspan largest specimens possibly attaining total length species vary females weigh males weigh comparison barn owl world widely distributed owl species weighs great owl fills eagle owl ecological niche north_america weighs female larger little external sexual eagle owl ear males reportedly tend upright females eagle owl seen field generally possible distinguish individual sex gender determination size possible hand measurements reportedly populations female slightly darker average male plumage coloration accepted subspecies highly variable upper parts brown black buff pale gray typically showing dense forehead crown stripes sides neck dark pale ground colour mantle narrow buff band brown buff runs base bill inner eye inner edge black brown ear upper tail patterned dark fine barring extent varies subspecies similar tend strongly barred brownish black brown broad dark brown bars dark brown tips grey buff irregular lines complete takes place year july december facial disc buff black brown densely outer edge disc form frame face chin throat white brownish central streak feathers upper breast generally brownish black centres reddish brown edges central ones white edges chin throat appear white continuing center upper breast lower breast belly feathers brown buff white variable fine dark barring buff ground colour legs feet likewise marked buff ground colour tail buff dark grey brown black brown bars bill feet black iris orange fairly variable european birds iris bright reddish blood orange colour subspecies found arid desert like habitats iris range yellow colour closely related species generally yellowish coloured excluding indian cousins standard measurements physiology standard measurements eagle owl wing chord measures tail measures long measures total length bill wings reportedly smallest proportion body weight european owl measured grams square wing size found high wing loading great owl smaller wings grams square relative body size golden eagle slightly lower wing loading grams square aerial abilities species eagle spectacular ability disparate expected barn short related snowy lower wing loading relative size presumably able fly faster agility extended periods eagle owl relatively small race middle largest opposed rear largest found measure length female examined britain origins unspecified middle measuring par length large female golden eagle generally large stronger robust feet relative size related killing methods use inflict organ damage blood loss typical use feet prey death serving hold prey place provide incidental damage eagle owl large exceeded size unlike great overall foot size strength eagle owl known tested enormous considering considerably smaller owl strongest measured bird feathers ear spanish birds damaged found measure ear openings covered feathers birds relatively large larger right left larger great owl female ear opening averages right left males averages right left depth facial disc size complexity ear opening directly importance sound owl hunting behaviour examples complicated ear structures deeper facial disc barn long given structure ear openings relatively shallow facial disc hunting ear secondary hunting sight eagle owl true general likely sound based hunters aforementioned species focus hunting activity complete darkness white throat patches eagle owl likely active low light conditions hours sunrise sunset times middle night barn extend examples lack obvious visual cues white throat patches displaying eagle indicative primary activity darker periods distinguishing species great examples way unclear known predators long underside noted american representations grey grey owl related species overlap range asia mainly east asia southern reaches eagle owl range fish appear overlap range brown northern pakistan probably southern turkey eastern china fish owl russian far east northeastern china fish different looking possessing ear hang sit erect head generally uniform brownish contrasting darker eagle owl brown fish owl feet upper portion nearly extensively feet eagle owl brown fish slightly smaller occurring eagle fish similar slightly larger occurring large northern eagle fish tied edges freshwater hunt mainly fish crabs slightly differing narrow habitat preferences lower northern pakistan brown fish owl eagle owl limit distribution exist eagle eagle owl smaller uniform tan brownish plumage uniform light dark defined facial disc usually found slightly enclosed woodland areas eagle possibly spot eagle owl differ looking stark brown plumage warm typical bold spotting whitish background belly somewhat ear bold white light brown possible species occur parts foothills currently verified occur area spot preference dense primary forest similar basically habitat preferences verified occur eagle race indian eagle owl indian species smaller facial disc border rounded relatively smaller wings partially toes far west eagle owl seemingly overlaps range country jordan relatively similar eagle owl distinguished smaller size paler washed plumage notably diminished size ear eagle feathers lightweight robust need replaced periodically worn eagle owl happens stages starts year hatching body feathers wing replaced year central wing middle tail feathers shed following year lost final year post juvenile remaining juvenile feathers replaced takes place years bird life happens june october conclusion breeding season staged process main flight feathers replaced year pattern lasting years repeated bird life taxonomy eagle owl member genus include extant species larger owl species world today included based extensive fossil record central distribution extant species continent appears evolved existence africa early branch southern asia genera belonging complex giant found asia white faced owl found africa firmly owl group appear share characteristics eagle related considered sister complex possibly intermediate eagle owl appears represent expansion genus continent species derived eagle owl making share relatively recent common ancestor eagle owl distributed sections north_africa rocky found recently considered subspecies eagle owl appears eagle owl differs mitochondrial dna eagle owl past minimum genetic difference differentiate species smaller paler eagle considered distinct species largely higher pitched descending observation eagle found morocco apparently breed existing eagle contrary race found wild central middle_east found wild eagle materials indicated distinct species eagle owl differs nominate subspecies eagle mitochondrial dna indian eagle owl considered subspecies eagle owl recently smaller size distinct voice high pitched fact largely distribution filing indian eagle owl races led considered distinct species mitochondrial dna indian species appears considerably distinct species cape eagle owl appears represent return genetic line african continent leads lifestyle similar northern eagle albeit far south northern group snowy owl appears separated million years ago fourth famous evolutionary line includes eagle owl great owl appears result primitive eagle spreading north_america stated great eagle barely distinct species similar level divergence north american representations great grey owl long owl outward physical differences great owl eagle owl examples including great size difference favoring species owl horizontal vertical underside barring yellow orange eyes strong black facial disc mention number differences reproductive behaviour distinctive voices furthermore genetic research revealed snowy closely related great owl eagle closely related species indian cape eagle eagle owl smaller powerful african spotted eagle owl likely divided line away africa genetic materials indicate spotted eagle owl appears share recent ancestor indian eagle owl eagle owl cape eagle owl eagle captivity produced apparently healthy hybrids indian eagle owl great owl indian cape eagle great owl broadly similar size considerably smaller eagle owl averages larger linear dimensions larger body mass related species possibly eagle adapted warmer climates smaller prey fossils south france indicated eagle subspecies given larger today larger found deemed date late pleistocene dozen subspecies recognized today subspecies known european eagle owl nominate subspecies inhabits continental europe near norway sweden finland southern ranges north latitude southward baltic_sea central germany southeastern belgium eastern central southern france italy sicily greece northern russia basin upper eastern vicinity northern ukraine medium sized race measuring wing chord length males captive subspecies mean wingspan males females total bill length adult male european eagle norway weigh averaging females weigh averaging adult western finland size averaging race follow rule regards body size decreasing closer equator specimens central europe average body mass italy average weight range eagle italy nominate subspecies richly coloured eagle owl races nominate birds heavily broad black upper parts head chest generally brownish base colour nominate appear rich especially head upper wing lower belly usually brown color opposed whitish yellowish races birds seen southern italy sicily tendency smaller northern birds reportedly possessing paler ground coloration narrow streaks museum specimens hugely distinct north italian eagle contrary scandinavia birds brown impression paler colour showing known spanish eagle owl eagle owl race mainly occurs occupies majority spain scattered spots portugal historically occurred wooded areas algeria morocco tunisia making subspecies eagle owl known breed africa population thought extinct fairly small bodied subspecies males wing chord length range females race vary averaging standard measurements tail total bill length adult male spain weigh averaging females weigh averaging terms life history extensively studied race eagle owl spanish eagle owl similar plumage nominate subspecies races tends somewhat lighter color generally lighter paler belly known eastern eagle owl race replaces nominate eastern russia latitude basin south western upper don lower fairly large subspecies going wing chord length males females race intermediate coloration nominate race confused authoritative darker distinctly yellowish gray brown pattern darker heavier regular entire color pattern brighter richer contrasting characterized intermediate subspecies known eagle owl byzantine eagle owl ranges southern russia south nominate northern ukraine ukraine north eastward northwestern northern iran region probably southern districts south syria iraq syrian desert replaced eagle owl reportedly western syria south southern palestine distinct species eagle owl based genetic studies medium sized race size nominate subspecies male wing chord lengths female lengths differs nominate race paler yellow having brown pattern darker yellow sharply heavily patterned brown eagle owl darker western eagle owl race distributed western siberia mid western north limits northerly distribution known species overall large race males measure wing chord length females captive males found measure wingspan weigh females measure wingspan weigh males cited mean body mass approximately race physically distinctive eagle considered beautiful striking pale eagle owl races general coloration white dark markings crown somewhat lower breast belly barred primary dark contrasting rest wing head shoulders somewhat dark unlike races eastern limits range known eastern eagle owl race found central siberia eastward lake north latitudes south ranges mountains northwestern grading near west east northern zone extensive intermediate eagle especially prevalent resulting intermediate coloration large race wing chord lengths males females typically darker yellowish ground color similar dazzling white overall expressed dark upper parts head underside overall pale black called eagle owl subspecies inhabits northeastern siberia southern north latitude west basin upper east coast south reported farther north regions upper upper eagle absent north range large race proceeding subspecies largest eagle going wing chord length race largest unclear considering extensive size overlap wing size wing chord males females darker coloration sharp distinctly barred heavily presumably referred eagle owl subspecies ranges southeastern siberia south range southward eastern portion chinese provinces subspecies reportedly found southern ranging far northern japanese representation eagle owl species apparently stable viable population going wing chord length slightly smaller races north siberia males wing chord length females race differs darker darker brown markings upper parts extensive result white markings conspicuous races parts white heavily northerly larger races overlaps considerably birds intermediate appearance subspecies known eagle owl distributed upper coast replaced country mountainous south coastal region range continues western subspecies appears variable size generally medium sized males range wing chord length females standard measurements tail bill race reportedly weigh plumage background colour pale yellowish buff dark patterns paler defined shattered dark longitudinal parts belly somewhat similar looking race unique mountainous obvious rocky habitats favor inhabits low hills near sea level called eagle owl eagle owl native adjacent regions northeastern iran western small subspecies averages smaller currently accepted races males possessing wing chord length females considered typical sub desert form general coloration yellow dark pattern parts relatively dark shaft streaks narrow dark longitudinal cover belly dark cross pattern belly flanks thinner paler compared occupy southern reaches ranges somewhat larger darker distinctly yellowish heavily referred english eagle owl iranian eagle owl range appears extend southern eastward southeastern southwestern southward range north iran afghanistan south region latitude iran replaced north probably northwest probably northeastern afghanistan birds southern found west intermediate smallest known race eagle owl known measurements wing chord length males measure females measure wing chord smaller size distinguished somewhat similar wash dark eagle owl range extends westward system west north east south regions probably western bird partly migratory descending plains colder winter weather apparently reaches northern medium sized subspecies larger potentially arid asian eagle owl races share somewhat similar yellowish ground colour male wing chord length female wing chord bill measures length adult eagle race averaged tail length length scaled average mass race physically similar background colour light yellowish brown buff dark patterns parts expressed regular general color mantle ear consistent brownish colour races differs yellow tail outer tail feathers grayish whitish ground coloration body yellowish whitish dark longitudinal pattern parts cover fore belly called north chinese eagle owl race ranges south_korea china south range southward inland southern subspecies male wing chord measuring female korea race found average mass range darker slightly smaller resembles nominate race europe obviously considerably disparate distribution closely coloration differs paler heavily marked brown upper parts having narrower dark shaft streaks parts average averaging smaller called south chinese eagle owl race endemic southeastern china form somewhat similar small race wing chord measures sexes poorly known described subspecies generally recognized considered invalid authorities habitat eagle distributed somewhat sparsely potentially inhabit wide range habitats irregular topography found habitats diverse northern coniferous forests edge vast essentially eagle found living climatic environmental condition continent excluding greatest absent humid southeast_asia high arctic replaced variety found largest numbers areas cliffs surrounded scattering trees bushes grassland areas alpine meadows desert like host long cover protection rocky areas preference eagle places irregular topography reported known studies obvious benefit nesting locations nests daytime located rocky areas steep slopes accessible predators including man attracted vicinity wetlands areas fact soft soil wet areas small terrestrial mammals normally preferred diet rabbits preference rocky areas species found mountainous areas found elevations alps adjacent found living sea level nest rocky sea cliffs despite success areas sub arctic zones mountainous year warmer conditions result successful breeding attempts studies region germany study spain areas primarily consisting woodlands study area forested preferred pine trees oaks habitats opposed truly mixed pine oak woodland pine coniferous stands preferred great constant density likely large birds mountainous forest generally found enclosed wooded areas owl habitat included territorial ranges eagle habitat study spain consisted cultivated agricultural land hand compared golden eagles visit cultivated land regularly hunting nocturnal habits allows largely evade human activity italian alps found habitat remained locally eagle vicinity towns villages ski resorts found largest numbers areas sparsely populated humans farmland inhabited observed living park like settings european cities pairs feral european rabbits having recently populated area originally pet rabbits released wild number expected increase growth european rabbit population european preferred prey species eagle natural habitat live rural areas finland city centre june eagle owl nicknamed landed crowded qualification match finland belgium match interrupted minutes match following opening goal finland bird left scene finland national football team nickname finnish eagle owl named year december behaviour eagle owl largely nocturnal activity owl species activity focused hours sunset hours sunrise northern stretches range partial behavior recorded including active hunting broad daylight late afternoon areas nightfall essentially non existent peak summer eagle presumably hunt actively brood nest daylight eagle owl number different times usually select obvious features rocky stark ridges mountain peaks use regular song posts edges eagle owl territory visited minutes time vocal activity entirely confined colder months late fall winter vocal activity october december mainly having territorial purposes january february primarily oriented courtship mating purposes territorial song heard great distance deep emphasis male high pitched slightly drawn female uncommon pair perform duet widely germany sections europe species song eagle territorial song deeper farther carrying considering impressive territorial songs great owl slightly larger fish owl owl averages slightly longer duration calls include faint laughter like harsh eagle potential dangers met terrifying extremely loud unlike long recorded deeper powerful species annoyance close quarters expressed bill cat like defensive posture involves lowering head feathers tail spreading wings eagle owl rarely assumes called tall thin position owl adopts upright stance plumage closely compressed stand tightly tree trunk long owl reported sit pose great owl regularly recorded tall thin consistently commonly thought aid camouflage encountering threatening novel animal sound eagle owl broad winged species engages strong direct flight usually consisting shallow wing beats long surprisingly fast unusually owl known rare occasions method flight led mistaken smaller differently usually seen flying day disturbed humans eagle highly normally maintaining single territory adult lives near northern limits range winters harsh likely bare little food eagle owl leave native range cases russia eagle moving south winter harsh climate severe hardy birds prey similarly eagle living highlands cases vacate normal territories winter hits south examples evidence consistent annual migration eagle birds living normal territories times biology breeding eagle strictly territorial defend territories eagle year territorial calling appears peak october early january territory size similar occasionally slightly greater great owl averaging km2 territories established male eagle owl selected highest points territory sing high prominence singing allows song heard greater distances need potentially dangerous physical confrontations areas territories meet nearly important territorial behaviour white throat patch specimens white placed perimeter eagle owl territories male eagle reacted strongly attacked stuffed owl reacting mildly stuffed eagle owl non white throat females likely aggressive mounted specimens vary response exposed specimens white patch january february primary function purpose courtship eagle pair life usually engage courtship rituals annually likely pair bonds calling purposes courtship males tend bow loudly manner male great owl courtship eagle owl involve bouts male sitting upright female calls mutual billing female flies perch occurs usually taking place times course minutes male breeding sites potential female flying small depression soil present making notes noises potential sites presented female selecting like eagle build nests add material nest surface material present eagle normally nest rocks utilizing cliff steep slopes holes caves rocky areas prove hunting purposes border river valleys grassy especially attractive low rubble present nest ground rocks densely forested areas recorded nesting ground roots trees large bushes fallen tree steep slopes dense vegetation preferred nesting ground ground nests surprisingly exposed flat spots open spots river banks wide tree eagle owl nests largely forested region russia found ground usually base species use bird nests great owl prefers nests built animals nesting site eagle owl recorded singular cases nests built common golden greater spotted white tailed eagles common black eagle fairly heavily wooded commonly utilize nests built birds eagle nests majority nests located ground contrary indication ground nests selected rocky areas bird nests unavailable utilize ground nests large bird nests accessible tree holes nesting sites rarely recorded nests constructed birds assumed eagle owl large utilize tree large species like great grey owl recorded nesting robust fish owl nests exclusively eagle owl uses nest site year year switzerland male eagle owl hunts young weeks old female spends time brooding nest point female gradually resumes hunting young provides greater range food young contrary species highly territorial nature verified cases germany male apparently mating females cooperative brooding spain adult sex helping breeding pair care chicks response eagle humans approaching nest variable species aggressive including related species like spot great snowy northern species smaller owl species attack person found nearing nests occasionally person climbs active nest adult female eagle owl distraction display injury uncommon behaviour associated small birds trying falsely attention potential predators away offspring commonly female flies nest temporarily leaving eggs small exposed human approaches occasionally adults elaborate threat display rare general eagle raise wings semi circle feathers followed snapping bills apparently eagle uncertain probably exotic origin britain likely react aggressively humans approaching nest aggressive encounters involving eagle nest despite historically rare apparently increased recent decades scandinavia nest eagle owl counterpart variation extent nest predation species endured evolutionary process eggs offspring development eggs normally laid intervals days female laying generally begins late winter later year colder habitats period female brought food nest mate single clutch white eggs laid egg measure long width usually weigh eggs average siberia eggs average eggs slightly larger snowy nominate subspecies great owl similar size spot eagle fish eagle owl eggs noticeably larger indian eagle usually clutch size rarely exceptionally average number eggs laid varies latitude europe mean clutch size averages spain france central europe eastern alps sweden finland clutch size averages respectively variation based climate unusual different wide ranging species higher clutch size western mediterranean eagle probably driven presence diet provide high value regular prey average clutch size attributed lowest european owl study species attributed lower clutch size north_america great grey owl mean mean clutch size higher species europe spain mid- january mid march hatching early period late march early april post dependence mid april august territorial courtship period beginning juvenile dispersal egg laying september early january general date followed southern france italian alps mean egg laying date similarly february young likely dependent later cared end august parental care october egg days eggs hatch considering average intervals egg laying day surprisingly young tend hatch day apart like nest open young white grey white buff provides camouflage open eyes days age chicks grow rapidly able consume small prey roughly weeks found noticeably development young leave nest increase body size highest growth rate studied owl eagle grew small size quickly snowy great body mass increased fourteen times days old days old study male continues bring prey leaving nest female feeds tearing food suitably sized pieces female resumes hunting weeks increases food supply chicks recorded widely eagle according authorities rule species nesting attempts produce indicating common birds prey especially eagles spain males likely egg laid reduce likelihood sibling aggression size difference younger female likely killed similar size older sibling apparently point chicks venture nest driven location nest elevated nest sites chicks usually nest late weeks age recorded leaving nest nest ground early days old chicks walk weeks age seven weeks taking short flights hunting flying skills tested prior young eagle leaving nest young eagle leave nest weeks ago typically flying weakly metres weeks age normally cared month end month young eagle assured confirmed cases adult eagle spain feeding caring post fledgling juvenile eagle study southern france found mean fledgling number fledgling nest central europe mean number nest averages mean fledgling rate italian alps similar italian alps found heavier rainfall breeding decreased fledgling success ability parents hunt potentially exposed reintroduced population eagle occupied territories produced average occupying pair attempted breed attempting breed unsuccessful slightly earlier studies possibly higher persecution rates mean number young leaving nest lower lower austria southern sweden sibling close stage leaving nest fully days leaving nest family unit dissolve young disperse quickly directly told dependence young eagle parents weeks independence central europe september november young leave parents care normally chased away parents young eagle reach sexual maturity following year normally breed establish territory years old able establish territories young eagle spend life nomadic select perch sites unlike breeding birds male especially wary intrusion established territory avoid potential aggression status eagle owl wide range europe asia estimated square kilometres europe estimated breeding pairs world individual birds population trend thought decreasing human activities large range large total population rated bird concern roughly equal distribution great owl total estimated population million individuals apparently total population roughly twice eagle owl numerous factors including shorter history systematic persecution lesser sensitivity human disturbance nesting somewhat greater ability adapt marginal habitats widespread slightly smaller territories play greater numbers modern times longevity eagle owl live years wild time oldest eagle owl considered year old specimen banded specimen subsequently found years months old like bird species captivity live longer having endure difficult natural conditions possibly survived years zoo collections healthy adults normally natural predators considered apex predators leading causes death species man traffic accidents shooting frequently claim life eagle mortality greatest cause mortality published studies accounted average reported eagle owl deaths particularly true italian alps number dangerous non near nests extremely high highly problematic species european distribution study young year release captivity rates wild born young higher mortality variable radio tagged released individuals died result starvation human based causes wild tagged individuals found dead human activities collision vehicles trains concluded result local population taking residence non occupied territories held deceased eagle eagle finland found primary die collisions vehicles wind turbine collisions cause mortality locally eagle owl singled historically threat game species economic landowners game keepers governmental agencies singled widespread persecution local eagle primarily persecution examples including northern germany netherlands late nineteenth century belgium central western germany 1960s trying determine causes death eagle spain unknown types trauma largest group determined birds collisions half persecution merely directly natural causes clearly safety factor addressed spain persecution continues massive problem spanish eagle seven european nations modern eagle owl mortality studied continual persecution far largest problem spain continues comprising half studied mortality france france spain nearly equal numbers eagle poisoned main target shot obvious intentional persecution conservation introductions eagle owl remains reasonably numerous parts habitat nature relatively little disturbed human activity sparsely populated regions russia scandinavia concern expressed future eagle owl western central europe areas heavily modified human civilization exposing birds risk collisions deadly man objects native prey numbers ongoing habitat degradation spain long term governmental protection eagle owl positive effect reducing persecution eagle spanish recommended boost education programs order protect eagle direct killing local residents unanimously studying eagle owl mortality conservation factors recommended proceed proper electric wires areas species present measure labour intensive expensive efforts actually areas fiscal resources devoted conservation rural spain sweden project launched order frequently damaged eagle owl large programs instituted germany eagle owl deemed extinct country breeding species 1960s result long period heavy persecution largest occurred 1970s 1990s region near border neighbouring belgium success measure consisting thousand eagle reintroduced average cost dollars bird subject controversy appears eagle reintroduced region able breed successfully enjoy nesting success comparable wild eagle europe hand mortality levels region appear remain high factors concerns lack genetic diversity species germany apparently german allowed eagle neighbouring parts europe breeding populations occurring low countries netherlands belgium believed result influx regions east smaller current breeding population sweden believed primarily result series conversely numerous threats declines incurred eagle areas human dependent non native prey species brown rats rock flourished given eagle primary food source allowed occupy regions absent occurrence great_britain eagle owl time occur great_britain naturally occurring species including claimed probably years ago ice age fossil remains found indicated eagle owl occurring recently roughly years ago fossil record lack presence eagle owl british folklore writings recent millennium indicate lack occurrence species flooding land bridge britain continental europe responsible disperse limited distances early human persecution presumably played role eagle britain revealed actually great indian eagle particularly popular owl circuits breeding pairs occur britain exact number pairs individuals definitely known stated believe eagle occurring scotland naturally occurring making flight roughly west coast norway east coast scotland possibly coasts netherlands belgium south migratory eagle disperse notable distances young birds seeking territory prior studies eagle owl distribution indicated strong reluctance cross large bodies water species authorities state eagle occurring britain individuals escaped captivity 19th century wealthy collectors released unwanted eagle despite press contrary evidence organization individual intentionally releasing eagle recently intent establish breeding population feel eagle owl classified alien species predatory abilities especially press expressed alarm effect native species escaped eagle registered returned captured recorded breeding attempts studied unsuccessful large incidental disturbance humans direct persecution eggs having smashed effect conservation dependent species highly predator eagle owl hunt appropriately sized prey encounter prey locally common large number species considered harmful human financial interests rats mice eagle rare endangered species small numbers losses heavily damaging species considered vulnerable critically endangered heavily humans extinction known hunted eagle russian european ground southwestern water european lesser white fronted egyptian vulture greater spotted eagle eastern imperial eagle falcon great spur atlantic european
Eurasian eagle-owl