behaviour behaviour animals means pattern threatening startling behaviour suddenly displaying conspicuous scare momentarily distract predator giving prey animal opportunity escape term originates greek root meaning display occurs widely separated groups animals including butterflies insects cephalopods different species paper displays classified responses animals predators initially learn eat displaying prey display classed prey continue avoid prey display taken meaning prey genuinely categories entirely mutually exclusive possible behaviour predator indicates presence adaptations including species frog warning displays species poison mammals displays found species strong defences foul displays combined warning coloration displays frogs mammals insects displays insects including praying stick insects insects usually disturbed potential predator suddenly reveal hind wings brightly coloured wing display reinforced showing brightly coloured legs accompanied loud sound created example displays red yellow areas hind wings producing similarly threat display walking stick bluff insect defensive like chemical compounds attackers behaviour eyed displays large moving slowly predator owl butterflies butterfly cryptic leaf mimic wings closed displays conspicuous disturbed display effective birds experiment australian zoologist demonstrated resembled real eye colour pattern effective birds experiment butterflies showed conspicuous birds yellow effectively frightened sudden appearance colour actual pattern contribute effectiveness display large red cryptic rest display flash bright colours disturbed species genus look threatening rest genera display snake heads frontal position hunted bats contain chemicals tiger ears conspicuous coloration start bats approach experiment canadian tiger northern long bats suggests signals fact disrupt warn chemical defence behaviour insects spiders threat displays considered generally predators spider hunting actively hunt overcoming defences instance sounds reason describe display spiders use variety different threat displays rapidly disturbed outline makes look larger difficult locate precisely attack spiders exhibit behaviour threatened spider legs spread species dangerous indian ornamental tree spider bright legs shown threat display hind legs fore limbs air perform threat displays provoked spread cases raise tails standing near erect sting ready immediate use addition produce noises legs cephalopods behaviour found cephalopods including common squid caribbean reef squid reef squid including common octopus octopus atlantic white spotted octopus octopus paper displays involve suddenly creating bold stripes reinforced stretching animal arms fins web look big threatening possible example common display consists body making skin pale showing pair mantle dark eye rings dark line fins pupils eyes common octopus similarly displays pale skin dark eye rings pupils arms stretches web arms far possible jets water atlantic white spotted octopus turn bright brownish red oval white spots high contrast display paper rapidly change appearance suddenly shining web formed pair arms shell australian startling display wide head mouth opened wide exposing tail body body raised animal appears large threatening possible frogs behaviour animals air raise hind parts appear large possible display brightly coloured markings predators seven species frogs genus making animals usually contrasted black warning non displays occur mammals possess powerful defences spines warn potential predators attempting escape running lowland raises spines head confronted predator moves head erect long sharp adopt head posture predator nearby spotted legs body raised vertically bold pattern displayed tail near scent raised spread study different species canadian found sounds similar rapid onset starting suddenly reaching volume consist mixture frequencies little energy hearing range frequencies change time minutes having similar spectrum onset clear difference sounds different species measured pattern implies serve general attention getting device designed display similarity harsh sounds warning calls birds mammals enhance effectiveness barely hear sound unlikely serve form communication snakes species finally sounds loud cause pain predators away note effect inexperienced animals predators large animals snake stepping warning signal animals aware meaning refer work colleague responses big brown bat defensive family includes garden tiger family includes large bitter poisonous found sounds inexperienced bats trials bats ignored sounds prey edible sounds warn experienced bats bitter prey honest signal
Deimatic behaviour