campaign campaign plan developed swedish invasion polish lithuanian commonwealth great northern war purpose crush army overwhelming force combined offensive russian saxon troops campaign executed began july lasted year divided areas allies jointly strike swedish troops occupied poland order influence polish politics swedish forces successfully allies installed polish king favor finally won decisive victories resulted treaty renounced claims polish throne broke alliance russia established peace sweden campaign led sweden gaining control polish lithuanian commonwealth swedish defeat treaty restored russian backed polish throne forced remaining commonwealth background sweden attacked coalition russia denmark norway invaded swedish quickly attacked city denmark attacked swedish allied order secure rear commencing planned invasion previously annexed sweden treaty short time later russia peter swept besieged strategic city unprepared developments forced war fronts year despite significant military advantage allied armies encountered immediate setbacks denmark norway quickly knocked war bold swedish landing resulting peace development swedish army free sail east baltic sea tackle remaining opponents russia response threat lifted siege marched river order observe swedish movements charles decided march peter russia besieging aim saving city shortly later armies met battle ended decisive swedish victory greatly crippled russian army forcing abandon campaign swedish territory withdraw russia having secured quick decisive victories opponents greatly increased reputation charles marched saxon forces early camped opposite bank clash occurred battle ending swedish victory outcome decisive charles hoped large army survived marched neutral prussia consequence charles able capitalize previous russian setback forced postpone planned invasion instead decided chase saxon army polish lithuanian commonwealth king far technically poland lithuania stayed neutral conflict began war sweden capacity king poland charles purpose remove polish throne subsequent conflict known swedish invasion poland having seized polish capital warsaw charles caught won battle saxon polish armies swedish victory decisive factions polish lithuanian commonwealth began supporting swedish cause opposition triggered polish civil war reputation charles army grew soon took second polish capital minor operations skirmishes followed saxon polish lithuanian armies preferred avoid facing direct battle engagements finally forced polish throne favor monarch installed charles supported nobles opposition developments created nobles support military capacity polish army smaller engagements warsaw followed consequence attempts retake throne campaign early peter efforts focused direct confrontations swedish main army poland initial outcomes polish theater peter assembled army closer commonwealth order provide assistance charles pressure local nobility attempt restore polish throne swedish army turn spent half year close order secure coronation opposing forces russian saxon polish allies assembled armies lithuania joint offensive troops consisted contingents main russian army men near russians loyal close poles brest close men recruited main saxon army der allied forces enjoyed massive advantage forces counted men poles poland charles men plan attack early march russian field marshal set meeting saxon general order agree common course action ensuing campaign basis strategy plan developed early envisioned joint strike swedish army inspired blueprint advocated way lure charles main swedish army eastward accomplished having combined forces main russian army troops stationed brest force charles meet battle time main saxon army attack charles rear sweeping poland ultimately catching swedish army exposed plan daring suggested allies crush army troops approached charles rear threatened compromise strategies decided engage time marched strongly fortified city belief fortifications able withstand charles long main saxon army arrive von attack combined saxon polish force warsaw order coronation campaign begins saxon russian plans action early july began march armies met july battle russians defeated despite outcome chose withdraw having suffered notable losses leaving open peter occupy arrived reinforcements worked favor allies rear army marching secured accordingly days later july reached outskirts warsaw army surprise attack attempted coronation ensuing battle warsaw smaller swedish force guarding city won decisive victory captured secret documents informed possible attack warsaw larger russian army peter war begin real great number nations surrounding having received information charles struck camp august marched closer warsaw order fully protect city coronation completed left general men guard main saxon army threatened enter poland september peter seized town allied successes limited coronation poland completed october later month october allies quick push destroy bridge going warsaw order slow swedish troop movements attack repulsed handful men month later november sweden poland peace treaty warsaw increased sweden position charles march having waited year russian army time reached somewhat delayed charles broke winter quarters january approached main swedish army men poles russian army men stationed bad weather prevented marching earlier seeking battle charles walk straight trap allies set according initial plan waited men cross polish border engage planned army soon got word charles crossing river charles commenced rapid winter march typical dating time unusual continental armies turn surprised allies believed charles begin march spring having received word approach considered alternatives meet charles army open field retreat disagreed course action charles army appeared fortifications january quick march forcing allies stay city prior swedish arrival far accompanied russian army broke away cavalry increase troops men uniting forces saxon main army obstacle order attack charles army rear accordingly men stationed main confrontation having scouted russian fortifications charles realized frontal assault impossible time russians let provoked field charles instead decided try crossing river january city east forcing russian cavalry withdraw blocked russian communication lines cut resources supplies smaller swedish parties sent order prevent general supplying trapped russians commanded managed beat russians battle february february received word charles crossing begun march saxon army order beat smaller force near wait defeated instead engage arrival men daring managed lure position near armies clashed february swedish general won decisive victory killing capturing force crippled setback main saxon army choice retreat allied plan collapsed opportunity allies destroy charles army polish lithuanian commonwealth sweeping movement vanished shortly february fought poles russians near capturing killing hundreds allied troops seized lithuanian capital secured swedish connection situation soon russians soldiers began die starvation disease order save army peter ordered ally carry continuous attacks dispatched men purpose countered sending large contingents troops assault nearby outposts sustained large casualties march swedish killed captured late march held men trapped inside fortress march russians received word earlier disastrous defeat peter realized chances combined attack charles minimal ordered attempt escape retreat brest carried order april managed break unseen reduced army leaving men died starvation sickness men lost retreat pursued russians far finally gave chase met similar defeat sent men attempt save trapped inside instead annihilated battle april garrison surrendered fortress destroyed total killed initial actively participated campaign aftermath charles won greatest victories simply cutting opponents resources supplies later letter ally denmark peter confirmed losses men retreat pursuit russian army having chased lithuania charles saw opportunity march poland order meet preparation invasion arrived august attempt increase saxon army measure expected invasion proven close impossible battle attempt stop invasion offered sweden lithuania newly crowned king poland generous offer denied charles crossed saxon border september close easily push away resisting troops september occupied city leipzig finally forced peace swedish terms things traitor second principal campaign turned swedish custody outcome campaign proved disastrous allies manage attain goals swedish army reached theirs crowned king poland saxon russian armies poland beaten peace forced renounced claims polish throne principal designers campaign taken prisoner executed great northern war far won charles reorganized forces march remaining opponent russia swedish invasion russia began ended disastrous swedish defeat marked decisive turn war denmark rejoining alliance
Campaign of Grodno