ibn ibn ibn died prominent official serving twice governor ibn descendant prominent arab family brother powerful governor iraq reign tenure came wake day severe defeat hands tried reconcile local muslim rule initiated tax reforms address grievances native converts islam enjoyed good relations local nobles began convert islam influence military expeditions tenure targeted mainly local princes avoided direct confrontation dismissal successors reversed policy reconciliation resulting large scale anti arab rebellion major defeat battle followed complete collapse arab position outbreak major rebellion led appointed second time late brought fresh troops province managed suppress uprising rebel leader escaped capture expedition brought intervention head army despite initial arab setbacks invasion succeeded inflicting defeat person turning army despite death months later success instrumental preserving muslim rule blow prestige led murder soon collapse power time policy native population laid foundations eventual acceptance muslim rule origin member clan great grandfather ibn said traditions chief times islamic prophet muhammad accounted muhammad companions traditions hostile family report jew runaway slave grandfather early prominent supporter father sided second eventually pardoned reigned governorship immediately rise throne brother appointed important post governor iraq responsibility entire held turn named governor brothers according prominent men period arrival found province predecessor muslim ibn attempted campaign suffered major defeat called day hands risen muslim rule historian wrote muslim defeat marks period history arab conquests practically aggressive expedition arabs years greater importance blow struck arab prestige roles reversed onwards arabs found defensive gradually ousted district situation followed policy consolidation limited military activity focusing enforcing muslim control minor local avoiding direct confrontation muslims main enemy campaigned northeast forced submit convert islam going subdue region central afghanistan year campaigned confronted called aid local ruler tradition holds retreated went campaign success year according suffered heavy defeat true events military ventures moderately successful importantly failed address growing danger support local princes threatened expel arabs time tried local population hoping prevent supporting continued predecessor policy appointing men known honesty fiscal agents reforms tried stop discrimination especially native converts islam stopping collection measure opposed arab settlers according helped discourage turks couple years keeping muslims despite efforts good relations local iranian land owning class taxation remained heavy burden subject populations greed cruelty arab iranian tax collectors alike meant fertile field missionaries local nobility ancestor dynasty said converted islam time eldest son named governor honour rebuilt city destroyed ibn muslim following revolt transferred arab garrison troops nearby resumed decade practice sending envoys chinese court obviously linked threat turks chinese regarded agents chinese emperor sent deliver arab rule said built village near descendants held times dismissed office december january anger chief representatives greatest arab tribes publicly demanded dismissal naming ibn deputy returned brother iraq second governorship replaced ibn continued policy reversed leading outbreak scale rebellion coupled renewed attacks reduced arab presence able recover successor presided disaster battle crippled army time death muslim holdings reduced parts military defeats long held grievances government food famine led outbreak rebellion early led uprising involved arabs native princes especially hitherto loyal spread quickly rebels capturing new governor managed check advance capital forced seek terms position remained wrote asking placement iraq appointment new governor substantial reinforcement province syrian troops accepted recommendations instructed send governor early renewed rebellion time pressure local way gain time arrive agreed truce promised support demands early arrived governorship time accompanied syrian troops according 11th century historian imprisoned money failing campaign rebels immediately took field soon gained upper hand succession victorious costly battles supporters success aided long standing personal relations local arab tribal leaders continuing tribal rivalries opposed count support fellow traditional enemies tribe soon defected divided forces sending syrian troops main army located remaining marched fortresses rebel forces surrendered pardoned garrison followed soon abandoned retreated finding refuge princes aid laid siege major crossing point face forces troops cross retreated garrison managed defeat retired eastwards mountains followed success garrison surrender promises amnesty double pay led expedition recover lost aftermath failed city returned destroying city irrigation canals year forces cleared mountains remnants supporters including relatives blockaded fortress commander men surrendered according men executed defenders including women children sold slavery year moved capital decision influenced number factors traditional pre islamic capital remained eyes local population lay closer concentrated military activities settled reliable removed politics time captured executed leaders movement known led troops north campaign ruler allied captured fortresses land regent called aid army arrival caught arab troops widely dispersed countryside surprise precipitated flight followed attacked annihilated arab baggage train sent ahead timely arrival main army saved baggage train remnants sides settled winter quarters arabs remained instead retiring north emerged hiding joined advantage dispersal arab army winter quarters resume advance early december led army strong comprising contingents virtually native ruler south bypassed marched hoping raise princes revolt failed king joined approaching forces muster advance caught guard came near accompanied men rest having scattered forage ensuing routed barely escaped fled north detachments south largely destroyed ending threat victory sent expedition possibly prince turmoil previous year taken opportunity capturing expedition successful returned arab rule short later february died brief illness far ibn succeeded temporarily july ibn named governorship legacy second governorship crucial importance future victory possible collapse muslim rule ended threat writes turning point fortunes arabs gave signal downfall power defeat blow prestige encouraging domestic rivals backed secretly chinese assassinated early realm collapsed civil war leaving muslims opponent region time excellent personal relationship native nobility strengthened ties arab government writes able attract influential elements lands fact largely success struggle turks influence led conversion islam local rulers like possibly practically confined ruling classes limited territories direct arab control credits beginning process true reconciliation achievement greatly honoured later generations attested work 10th century historian successor ibn able build work restore arab position muslim pre western sealed withdrawal chinese influence outbreak rebellion
Asad ibn Abdallah al-Qasri