chain reaction sculpture peace monument public art sculpture composed metal framework steel surrounded concrete depicting mushroom cloud created nuclear explosion designed american editorial cartoonist built ton meter foot high sculpture installed adjacent santa california inscription base sculpture reads statement peace theme sculpture reflects subject nuclear ucla professor places sculpture category late 20th early 21st century contemporary american public political artwork tradition commemorative works united_states calling work powerful warning continuing dangers nuclear war expressed interest building sculpture beverly_hills built sculpture help anonymous donation donated sculpture city approved city later revealed donation came philanthropist widow founder mcdonald corporation spent millions campaigning nuclear 1980s sculpture work public art designated historic landmark background editorial cartoonist began draw cartoons peace nuclear weapons cartoon depicting ending atmospheric nuclear testing categorized falling universal common security media frame popularized peace movement united_states types cartoons emphasized progress mutual cooperation trade cultural interaction problem solving nations soviet_union joined los_angeles_times spent decades retired criticizing president richard_nixon scandal cartoonist appear nixon enemies list 1980s criticized military buildup arms race advocated president ronald_reagan involvement reagan administration iran affair illegal covert operation sold weapons iran secure release hostages funding nicaragua proceeds arms sales later began working sculptor smaller works giving lecture introduced philanthropist widow founder mcdonald corporation active anti nuclear movement united_states known generous patron arts friends wife anonymously contributed build anti nuclear sculpture proposal expressed interest building sculpture beverly_hills created foot model sculpture proposed work debated proposal years considered proposal proposed sculpture early committee appointed proposed sculpture months time attacked residents beverly_hills recent editorial cartoons depicting israeli palestinian conflict beverly_hills committee eventually turned proposal sculpture april citing lack suitable site beverly_hills accommodate structure piece monumental proportions needs large large area committee told los_angeles_times time residents informal survey expressed recommendation city accept sculpture display agreed installed despite negative public reaction voted separate times accept work final vote taking place city_council finally approved work funds donated build sculpture given city gift city acceptance controversial peace sculpture reflected progressive history majority conservative reagan administration took office time proposal known aligned progressive issues including anti war position reflected theme sculpture location installation locations initially considered sculpture approved site located 14th street olympic boulevard site facing considered approved finally installed lawn santa resides east main street santa courthouse santa street campus headquarters sculpture located approximately city blocks away beach pacific_ocean east santa pier plaques appear base sculpture bearing artist title work date description material construct sculpture copper chain link steel information work collection city donation anonymous donor project inscription second plaque reads statement peace chain reaction formally dedicated year peace day festival santa civic center august hiroshima survivor spoke dedication design sculpture based cartoon sketch according sculpture quality akin sketch like markings distorted proportions political cartoons quality conveyed treatment stem irregular placement links subtle distortion scale tall stem pronounced relatively small mushroom cloud ability large brass links catch light define pockets random shadow small spaces similar effect stark treatment light dark employed political cartoons custom created sculptures artists assembled foot high sculpture depicting expanding nuclear mushroom cloud form large metal chain look structure chain created linking hollow brass shaped pipes fixtures pipes attached screws wire covering steel frame theme sculpture reflects subject nuclear maintenance restoration sculpture surveyed considered maintained save outdoor sculpture program march died city began structural integrity sculpture june inspector observed children climbing sculpture safety tests performed showing underlying structure built copper chains stable questions raised long term integrity inspection found steel frame skeleton revealed anchor bolts holding sculpture base weakened shortly inspection city installed safety fence sculpture protect public city voted february allow work removed public display santa city_council approved recommendation month city council delayed taking action allow supporters time raise funds cover cost repairs los_angeles_times art critic defended sculpture citing report commissioned city structural engineer concluded sculpture imminent hazard considered dangerous fundraising preserve work underway city filed application nominate sculpture landmark status public hearing july santa selected sculpture landmark work public art named landmark city city_council set deadline february supporters sculpture contribute restoration funds sculpture face community activists debated pay needed repairs series held contribute restoration project february santa city_council voted use public donations finish work reception ucla professor places sculpture category late 20th early 21st century contemporary american public political artwork calling powerful warning continuing dangers nuclear war tradition american commemorative works disturbing events compares work american public public sculptures statue christ altar piece bust los_angeles_times building
Chain Reaction (sculpture)