born february british politician prime minister united_kingdom leader labour_party previously served chancellor brown member parliament later doctoral graduate spent early career working lecturer education college television journalist entered parliament joined shadow cabinet shadow secretary later promoted shadow chancellor labour victory appointed chancellor longest serving holder office modern history brown time chancellor marked major reform britain monetary fiscal policy architecture transferring interest rate setting powers wide extension powers treasury cover domestic policy transferring responsibility banking supervision controversial moves included abolition advance corporation tax act relief budget removal final budget starting rate personal income tax introduced resigned prime minister labour leader brown chosen replace election initial rises opinion polls following brown prime minister labour popularity declined onset recession leading poor results local european elections year later labour lost seats house_of_commons general election party biggest loss seats single general election making conservatives largest party hung parliament brown remained office labour negotiated form coalition government liberal democrats brown announced stand leader labour_party instructed party motion processes elect new leader labour attempts retain power failed officially resigned prime minister leader labour_party succeeded prime minister leader labour_party later brown played prominent role campaign surrounding scottish independence referendum support maintaining union early life brown born orchard nursing home scotland father minister strong influence brown died december aged mother née known died september aged daughter timber merchant family moved largest town edinburgh gordon brown brought elder brother john younger brother common notable scots referred son education brown educated selected experimental fast stream education programme took years early academic education taught separate classes age sixteen wrote resented experiment young lives accepted study history early age sixteen end term rugby union match old school received kick head suffered detachment left blind left eye despite treatment including operations weeks spent lying room later edinburgh playing tennis noticed symptoms right eye brown underwent experimental surgery right eye saved brown graduated edinburgh class honours degree history stayed obtain phd degree history gained years later titled labour_party political change scotland youth involved romantic relationship crown princess romania said solid romantic story stopped loving day didn right politics politics politics needed unnamed friend years quoted biography brown recalling sweet gentle obviously cut somebody good wife bright like student brown elected served rector edited document red paper scotland career parliament brown employed lecturer politics worked tutor general election brown stood constituency losing conservative candidate worked journalist later serving current affairs editor election parliament election parliament opposition brown elected parliament second attempt labour general election westminster office mate newly elected constituency brown opposition spokesman published biography politician subject doctoral thesis brown shadow chief secretary treasury shadow secretary shadow chancellor having led yes campaign refusing join cross party yes scotland campaign scottish referendum senior labour politicians including campaigned vote brown subsequently key participant signing claim right scotland sudden death labour leader brown contest leadership favourite deciding way blair avoiding splitting pro vote leadership ballot long rumoured deal struck blair brown restaurant blair promised brown control economic policy return brown standing leadership election true relationship blair brown central fortunes remained united public despite reported private shadow chancellor brown chancellor waiting seen good choice business middle class chancellor inflation exceeded target causing governor write letters chancellor time inflation exceeded cent following reorganisation westminster scotland brown general election chancellor general election labour defeated conservatives landslide end year exile government new prime minister announced ministerial team appointed brown chancellor brown remain role years months making longest serving chancellor modern history prime minister website highlights achievements brown decade chancellor making independent delivering agreement poverty climate change summit early economic reforms taking office chancellor brown gave operational independence monetary policy responsibility setting interest rates bank time changed inflation measure consumer price index transferred responsibility banking supervision commentators argued division responsibilities exacerbated severity britain global banking crisis taxation spending election subsequently brown pledged increase basic higher rates income tax reduced basic rate final budget brown increased tax line inflation earnings resulting fiscal drag corporation tax fell brown main rate small businesses introduced lower tax band abolished tax band budget reduce basic rate increasing tax million people according calculations leaving earning biggest cheers brown described measure budget having place focused ways work directly supporting children cost year return income tax rates removing band non savings income according taxation increased share gross domestic product going higher level germany increase mainly attributed active government policy simply growing economy conservatives accused brown imposing stealth taxes commonly reported example resulted technical change way corporation tax collected indirect effect stock investments held lowering pension returns contributing demise final salary pension funds treasury contends tax change crucial long term economic growth brown spending review outlined major expansion government spending particularly health education april budget brown increased pay health spending introduced working tax credits budget chancellor brown gave extra billion pension increase child tax credit increase working tax credit increases followed billion support increases child tax credit european single currency october brown took control united_kingdom membership european single currency issue announcing treasury set economic tests economic case june treasury indicated tests passed issues brown accused starting political row higher education referred accused university_of_oxford procedures describing decision offer place state school pupil absolutely outrageous lord oxford chancellor labour chancellor said nearly fact false brown sold gold reserves shortly gold entered protracted bull market nicknamed dealers brown official reason selling gold reserves reduce portfolio risk reserves away gold eventually sold tons gold july march average price raising approximately billion quantity gold worth billion leading brown decision sell gold widely criticised chancellor brown argued railways saying labour conference cost billion time chancellor brown reportedly believed appropriate remove world debt april speech brown outlined green view global development run succeeding october announced lead party fourth general election serve term political comment relationship brown blair continued election labour won reduced majority reduced vote share blair announced september step year brown clear favourite succeed blair candidate spoken seriously westminster appearances news coverage leading interpreted preparing ground brown prime minister creating impression statesman vision leadership global change enabled brown signal significant priorities agenda prime minister speaking society conference decade january stressed education international development pursue equality opportunity outcome restoring trust politics winning hearts minds war terror key priorities prime minister brown ceased chancellor prime minister united_kingdom june like modern prime ministers brown concurrently served lord treasury minister member resignation post leader labour_party member parliament constituency stepped sixth post war prime minister total assume role having won general election brown prime minister scottish constituency conservative sir british prime ministers attended university ones brown attend oxford cambridge earl lord edinburgh glasgow later birmingham brown proposed moving traditional prime ministerial powers conferred royal realm parliament power declare war approve appointments senior positions brown wanted parliament gain right treaties oversight intelligence services proposed moving powers parliament citizens including right form citizens easily petition parliament new laws rally outside westminster asserted attorney general right decide prosecute individual cases loans scandal speculation september early october brown snap general election party launched flash gordon advertising campaign seen largely pre election promotion brown prime minister brown announced october election time soon despite opinion polls showing capable winning election proved costly mistake party slid conservatives led polls disputes political donations string losses local elections election losses glasgow government political opponents accused brown denied july brown supported new bill extending pre charge detention period days bill met opposition sides house rebellion end bill passed votes house_of_lords defeated bill lords fatally flawed ill thought unnecessary stating seeks fundamental legal civil rights brown mentioned press expenses crisis claiming payment cleaner wrongdoing found pursue brown claim stated double payment repair bill mistake brown domestic policy labour leadership campaign brown proposed policy initiatives called manifesto change manifesto included corruption new ministerial code set clear standards behaviour ministers brown stated speech announcing bid wants better constitution clear rights responsibilities citizen britain today planned set party convention look new powers parliament look powers local government brown said parliament final british troops sent action future brown said wanted release land ease access ownership shared equity schemes backed proposal build new towns housing home owners new homes total brown said wanted doctors open weekends gps evenings doctors given right opting hours care controversial pay deal signed health secretary awarded percent pay rise brown stated manifesto priority june weeks post prime minister brown speech promising british jobs british workers brown reiterated promise labour_party annual conference september caused controversy coupled commitment crack workers led promptly pointed commitment illegal law foreign policy brown committed iraq war said speech june learn lessons mistakes iraq brown said letter published march united_kingdom hold inquiry war member lobby group brown went great lengths lost family members iraq afghanistan conflicts said war tragic echoing blair quote war horrible nonetheless november brown accused senior military figures convention british politics ensuring adequate rewards compensation military personnel risk lives obedience orders derived policy elected government brown opening ceremony summer olympics august beijing attended closing ceremony instead august brown intense pressure human rights send message china concerning unrest decision attend opening ceremony act protest weeks advance intended stand principle speech july brown clarified position britain relationship usa allow people separate united_states_of_america dealing common challenges face world think people got remember special relationship british prime minister american president built things share enduring values importance liberty opportunity dignity individual continue work closely american administration brown labour party pledged allow referendum treaty lisbon december foreign secretary attended prime minister official signing ceremony lisbon brown opponents sides house press suggested ratification parliament referendum held labour manifesto pledged british public referendum original brown argued treaty significantly differed constitution require referendum responded plans lengthy debate topic stated believed document complex decided referendum drug policy brown october recommended home secretary remain classified class drug acting advice council chose class professor chair criticised lecture asked step home secretary following resignation professor said brown mind despite evidence contrary brown argued don think previous studies took account streets lethal quality got send message young people acceptable professor predecessor sir later said governments good reasons taking alternative view happens government explain ignoring particular advice global recession brown coincided global recession brown called fiscal action attempt stimulate aggregate demand domestically brown administration introduced measures including bank rescue package worth billion approximately billion temporary cut value added tax car scheme plots leadership brown leadership presented challenge mps openly called resign event dubbed lancashire plot lancashire urged step questioned chances holding labour_party leadership mps argued brown recover polls early leadership contest certain prominent mps suggested brown right person lead britain economic crisis autumn junior government whip time office voted government spoke need discussion brown position sacked role shortly september whilst state wanted brown deposed labour party hold leadership election sacked role shortly supported applied leadership nomination papers second rebel fired job string previously held positions government clear desire contest face speculation brown future ministers backed lead party denied preparing leadership bids labour lost election july deputy leader party said brown solution problem home secretary smith justice secretary schools secretary minister affirmed support brown deputy prime minister blair pledged support foreign secretary denied plotting leadership bid july article written guardian interpreted large number media attempt undermine brown article outlined party future neglected mention prime minister responded saying confident brown lead labour victory general election article attack party loss continued support brown face challenge emerged september business secretary environment secretary chief whip january jointly called secret ballot future brown leadership received little support following day said appeared failed brown later referred secret ballot form elections local elections local elections labour suffered worst results years finishing place projected share national vote subsequently party seen loss elections polls election triggered resignation saw labour party struggle appoint candidate eventually settling sitting conservatives liberal democrats derided labour nature commenting lost weekend don leader scotland don candidate prime minister refuses come constituency labour lost constituency took votes labour seat experienced swing european elections labour polled vote finishing place conservatives voter reflected historically low turnout thirty percent scotland voter turnout cent local elections labour polled vote finishing place conservatives liberal democrats labour losing control councils held prior election vote widely considered reaction expenses scandal share votes major parties labour percent conservative share percent public backlash generally seen minor parties including results labour worst world war brown quoted press having said results painful defeat labour good people good communities lost fault general election april brown asked queen dissolve parliament campaign included televised leadership debates britain result election hung parliament brown elected votes resignation brown announced stand labour leader view successor chosen september following day negotiations labour_party liberal democrats form coalition government failed evening brown visited buckingham palace tender resignation prime minister queen elizabeth_ii recommend invite leader opposition form government resigned leader labour_party immediate effect post return public appearance leaving downing street days resigning prime minister leader labour_party brown confirmed intended stay parliament serving labour serve people constituency end brown began writing crash completing weeks book discusses financial crisis brown recommendations future global action played prominent role lead aftermath scottish independence referendum december brown announced stand parliament month speculation april media reports linked brown role managing director following scheduled retirement brown successor supported brown role prime minister voiced opposition following arrest alleged sexual assault subsequent resignation reports surfaced support brown mixed backing forthcoming instead supported eventual successful candidate post appointments sir worked government brown publish government data internet project subsequently invited brown board director advise ways involve communities global leaders development sustainable programs connect humanity affect positive change april announced brown taking unpaid advisory role brown appointed inaugural distinguished leader residence taken discussions lectures relating global financial crisis july brown named secretary general united nations special envoy position unpaid december brown took large scale role private sector standing prime minister advisor money earned role gordon support charitable work personal life brown early included journalist princess eldest daughter exiled king michael romania age brown married private ceremony home august december daughter born prematurely died january day suffering brain sons born october james born july november diagnosed sun learned situation published story brown stated wanted details son condition kept private publication left tears sun said approached brown discussion occurred colleagues provided quotes use article rarely makes official appearances husband patron charities written articles national newspapers related labour party conference sarah caused surprise taking stage introduce husband address public profile increased brown brothers andrew head french owned utility company brown brother law environmental journalist brown wrote piece independent supporting current environmental efforts behalf whilst prime minister brown spent spare time house filled friends entertained local dignitaries like sir brown friend author says brown know funny great listener kind loyal friend religion son minister brown talked calls moral compass parents inspiration ostensibly keen religion private matter according guardian member speech conference july brown spoke walk witness support poverty reduction worldwide conference called march greatest demonstrations faith great city seen brown said current rates progress met deadline told bishops poor world patient years long people wait justice act speech read july titles honours awards styles right honourable right honourable present honours march brown named world statesman year american organisation dedicated promoting peace human rights understanding religious award presented praised brown leadership dealing challenging issues facing humanity commitment freedom human dignity environment major role played helping world financial system publications labour leader programme september crash overcoming crisis simon change choose speeches isbn britain isbn courage portraits isbn values visions voices anthology socialism isbn greed betrayal britain future isbn scotland real divide isbn biography isbn labour_party political change scotland politics elections phd edinburgh brown gordon voter guide biographies tom london isbn kevin labour forces isbn william isbn james rivals intimate story political marriage fourth estate isbn robert brown britain gordon runs short books isbn dictionary labour biography isbn paul biography simon isbn
Gordon Brown