commonly known cap fungus family found eastern united_states fruits singly groups clusters ground deciduous mixed forests species described collections originally classified related genus transferred proposed type species section fruit bodies cap bright red reddish orange convex somewhat funnel shaped caps diameter held cylindrical stipe long gills thick widely spaced color similar cap paler whitish yellow edge spores spore bearing cells different sizes fungus described new science monograph north american species collected type july cove mountains national park tennessee fungus recorded location fungal survey conducted years later transferred genus paper publication given instead original spelling variant spelling reference type locality appears specific epithet common cap color habit smith originally thought unknown large form study microscopic characteristics revealed distinct noted texture cap appears thin fibers covered small scales large spores suggested relationship type immature specimen description basidia accounted smaller forms basidia hymenium immature described pleurocystidia cystidia arising face gill smith described embedded hymenium smaller spore types produced fungus accounted original description present type colleagues reorganization family based molecular proposed type species new section genus species section include sticky caps center spores basidia sizes development club shaped appear stalk description convex caps diameter mushroom matures cap margins upward central depression cap funnel shaped color bright red red fades age cap margin whitish spaced gills initially age color cap paler gill edges whitish yellow cylindrical stipe measures long width length surface texture smooth slightly whitish base flesh mushroom lacks distinctive taste odor yellowish orange reddish color near cap cuticle colleagues monograph eastern north american mushrooms note mushroom reported edible mushrooms produce white spore print spores basidia larger spores smooth ellipsoid measure hyaline translucent club shaped measuring spored ratio length length usually clamp connections present hyphae tissues mushroom hyphae gills arranged parallel fashion colors mushrooms originate class red yellow derived specific found include group compounds called derived similar species species found north american cap confused bright red mushroom smaller fruit bodies slender stipe smaller spores measuring found europe northeastern north_america flesh sweet odor reminiscent honey smell weak noticeable tissue drying scarlet cap initially narrow yellow orange margin widespread common scarlet reliably distinguished smaller spores measuring colors similar addition smaller spores fruit bodies smaller caps measuring diameter typically found fruiting habitat distribution fruit bodies grow singly groups clusters ground like species fungus believed meaning nutrients breaking organic matter fruits deciduous mixed forest typically appearing months july december range covers region extending states ohio west_virginia south south_carolina tennessee occurrence occasional locally common cited literature syracuse new_york isbn lodge smith young molecular phylogeny morphology pigment chemistry ecology
Hygrocybe appalachianensis