known roman rose old french narrative romance composed early 13th century poem lines long especially notable large number contains active female protagonist romance incorporates parts thereof extant example french literature text combines narrative lyric form quickly imitated authors end 13th century canonical poem tells adventures title character sister accepted court emperor fallen love despite earlier love marriage emperor favorites marriage negotiations proceed positive manner emperor discovers intimate detail body uses emperor court longer virgin clever ruse proves accusation false marries emperor manuscript date author manuscript extant single manuscript vatican library regina dates 14th century late 13th century manuscript contains knight cart missing knight lion manuscript known owner 16th century french historian extensive collection zeal collector manuscript poem preserved french wars religion fled paris collection dispersed mention manuscript library acquired queen sweden vatican library acquired manuscript date title opening lines poem contain dedication early 13th century elected confirmed archbishop later bishop northern france died circa according nobleman young wild elevated good candidate dedication plus evidence based names found poem led conclude poem composed year later critics researchers date poem tend earlier date manuscript poem called romans roman rose referred order avoid confusion subtitle added authorship wasn late 19th century scholars including began entertaining notion known author responsible contemporary yale_university article early proponents identifying author based vocabulary places development poetic talent line poem contains religion content plot story begins court emperor good qualities defect refuses married especially says people longer noble tells sister quickly emperor falls love actually story summoned court exploits emperor tells wishes marry sister jealous visits family gives mother valuable ring gains confidence learns particular shape rose thigh knowledge presented proof taken result accusation distraught point clever reputation ruse belt gifts sent supposedly courted promises ready grant wishes messenger convinces wear belt clothes goes court struck beauty pretends maiden raped acquired intimate knowledge body clothing reveals belt clothes belt discovered clothes trial ordeal proposed innocence proven ordeal water sex maiden reveals fact sister earlier claim having proven lie incarcerated wedding celebrated great wedding night happiness greater morning asked costly gift refused sent away join crusade themes plot revolves common theme young man case jealousy needs find young woman favor fails enterprise pretends publicly succeeded causing ruin husband claimed succeeded man wife case despair brother usually young man story believed reveals intimate detail young woman prove innocence beginning influential monograph roman rose rose roman rose new era criticism critics recognized work literature literature self poem comments plot elements fictional status encouraging trend studies work songs romance contains separated groups according group contains sixteen aristocratic topic love attributed specific including second group consists thirty anonymous songs popular nature ballads dance songs incorporated different scholars slightly different counts block count ballads counts detailed investigation claims poem contains different genres hybrid form extant example combined use narrative lyric french mixed form proved popular soon found works including early 13th century roman incorporates songs incorporates series end century form canonical female protagonist female protagonist notable active nature found quick successor active female protagonist recent publication states claim romance true hero editorial critical history mention middle ages found work generally considered studied vatican regina manuscript instead lost manuscript published extracts poem including acquired fame traveled rome study manuscript publishing larger number wasn published lengthy analysis partial edition summary english published poem finally published entirety des comprehensive study work published published edition poem republished regularly translations published modern french german english adapted text musical early version read university_of_chicago modern editions translations roman rose des isbn jean roman rose champion roman rose paris terry romance rose unpublished old french romance transactions modern language association critical studies florida isbn roman rose rose roman rose paris
Guillaume de Dole