spelled april august prominent politician nazi_germany appointed deputy adolf hitler served position flew solo scotland attempt negotiate peace united_kingdom world war taken prisoner eventually convicted crimes peace serving life sentence enlisted 7th field outbreak world war wounded times course war won 2nd class shortly war ended enrolled train aviator saw action role left armed forces december rank enrolled studied proponent concept living space later pillars ideology joined july hitler november beer hall failed nazi attempt seize control government bavaria whilst serving time jail attempted coup helped hitler write foundation political platform nazi seizure power appointed deputy received post hitler cabinet powerful man germany hitler addition appearing hitler behalf speaking engagements rallies signed law legislation including laws stripped jews germany rights lead holocaust continued interested aviation learning fly advanced aircraft coming development start world war undertook solo flight scotland hoped arrange peace talks duke hamilton believed prominent opposition british government immediately arrested arrival held british custody end war returned germany stand trial trials major war criminals trial claimed suffering amnesia later admitted ruse convicted crimes peace conspiracy german leaders commit crimes transferred served life sentence repeated attempts family members prominent politicians win early release blocked soviet_union custody died suicide age death prison demolished prevent neo nazi shrine early life oldest children born april alexandria egypt ethnic german family prosperous merchant bavaria née brother alfred born sister born family lived villa egyptian coast near alexandria visited germany staying summer home attended german language protestant school alexandria sent germany study boarding school demonstrated science mathematics father wished join family business sent study commerce switzerland year took trading company hamburg world war weeks outbreak world war enlisted 7th field initial posting british present battle november transferred 1st infantry regiment stationed near awarded second class promoted corporal april additional training training area promoted senior non commissioned officer received military returning lines november fought participating battle town saint months action throat infection served hit left hand arm june fighting near village month recover sent area remained december promoted platoon leader 10th company 18th serving romania wounded july august injury shell splinter left arm dressed field second bullet wound entered upper chest near exited near spinal column leaving sized entry wound cherry stone sized exit wound august travel sent hospital hungary eventually germany recovered hospital october received promotion recommended receive class father request transferred hospital closer home arriving october requested allowed train pilot christmas leave family reported munich passed required tests underwent training october assigned fighter squadron equipped saw action war ended november opportunity discharged armed forces december family fortunes taken business interests egypt british joined right wing group volunteer paramilitary organisations active germany time bavaria witnessed frequent bloody conflicts right wing groups left wing forces fought control state period participant street battles spring led group distributed thousands pamphlets munich enrolled studied history economics professor proponent concept living space cited justify proposal germany conquer additional territory eastern_europe later introduced concept adolf_hitler pillars ideology friends son social theorist lecturer fellow student university met april chance rented rooms boarding house married december son born years later relationship hitler hearing leader hitler powerful speak time munich rally completely devoted held shared belief stab myth notion germany loss world war caused conspiracy jews military defeat joined july member number party continued grow holding rallies meetings larger beer halls munich focused attention fundraising activities november injured protecting hitler bomb planted group exploded party event joined helped organise recruit early membership problems continued economy caused personal fortunes rendered worthless german government failed meet payments french troops marched occupy industrial areas january widespread civil unrest result hitler decided time attempt seize control government coup état modelled march rome hitler night november stormed public meeting organised bavaria facto ruler state commissioner large beer hall munich pistol hitler interrupted speech announced national revolution begun declaring formation new government world war general day hitler thousand supporters attempted march city centre gunfire broke nazis police fourteen police officers killed hitler arrested november men taken dignitaries hostage night 8th driving house kilometres munich left briefly phone day hostages convinced driver help escape stranded called brought bicycle return munich went stay fled austria convinced return arrested sentenced months prison role attempted coup later known beer hall hitler sentenced years imprisonment outlawed men incarcerated hitler soon began work memoir struggle dictated fellow prisoners edited publisher work published parts later released single volume best seller book message violent foundation political platform hitler released parole december days later ban lifted february party grew members received cent vote election support increased steadily seizure power hitler named private secretary april salary month named personal adjutant july accompanied hitler speaking engagements country friend december named party commissioner retaining interest flying end active military career obtained private pilot licence april instructor world war flying ace owner sponsored party newspaper acquired aircraft early 1930s logging flying hours proficient operation light single engine aircraft deputy january hitler appointed step gaining control germany named deputy april appointed cabinet post minister portfolio december offices munich berlin responsible departments including foreign affairs finance health education law legislation passed office approval concerning army police foreign policy wrote signed hitler annual rallies usually gave opening speech introduced hitler spoke radio rallies country frequently speeches collected book form acted hitler delegate negotiations members classes born abroad hitler oversee groups charge party members living countries hitler instructed review court decisions related persons deemed enemies party authorised increase sentences felt got lightly cases empowered action saw fit entailed sending person concentration camp simply ordering person killed given rank second highest rank nazi regime began jews soon seizure power office partly responsible drafting hitler laws laws far reaching implications jews germany banning marriage non jewish jewish germans non german citizenship friend family subject laws married half jewish woman issued documents legislation build power base develop followers motivated loyalty hitler desire useful seek power prestige advantage position accumulate personal wealth lived modest house munich influence officials popular masses start world war september hitler second line succeed time hitler appointed chief staff personal secretary post held obsessed health point consulting doctors practitioners described captors britain long list involving heart like hitler vegetarian smoke drink brought food claiming dynamic hitler approve practice discontinued taking meals interested music enjoyed reading loved spend time hiking climbing mountains friend shared interest keen continued interested aviation won air race flying circuit returning airfield munich time minutes placed sixth participants similar race held following year outbreak world war asked hitler allowed join luftwaffe pilot hitler forbade ordered stop flying duration war convinced reduce ban year attempted peace mission war progressed hitler attention focused foreign affairs conduct war exclusion directly engaged felt qualified increasingly sidelined affairs nation hitler attention successfully supplanted duties position hitler concerned germany face war fronts plans progressed invasion soviet_union scheduled place spring decided attempt bring britain negotiating table travelling seek meetings british government asked advice suggested potential contacts britain settled fellow aviator duke hamilton met instructions wrote hamilton september letter intercepted hamilton march hamilton chosen mistaken belief leaders opposition party opposed war germany friend letter wrote wife dated november shows spite receiving reply hamilton intended proceed plan began training twin engine aircraft october instructor chief test pilot continued practice including logging cross country flights found specific aircraft handled held reserve personal use asked radio compass modifications oxygen delivery system large long range fuel tanks installed plane requests granted march final check weather reports germany north_sea took airfield specially prepared aircraft attempts depart mission previous efforts called mechanical problems poor weather wearing leather flying suit bearing rank captain brought supply money torch camera maps charts collection different help ward fatigue assortment flight scotland initially setting course landmarks ground orient minor course reached coast near turned flew easterly direction minutes stay range british radar took heading degrees trip north_sea initially low altitude travelling journey feet changed heading degrees intending approach coast near town northumberland sunset initially approached coast forth minutes grew dark time auxiliary fuel tanks exhausted released sea time station moss near newcastle detected presence passed information soon detected stations aircraft designated raid squadron raf group raf air sent attempt interception failed find sent failed spot aircraft dark dropped extremely low altitude low volunteer duty station able correctly identify reported altitude feet tracked additional posts continued flight scotland high speed low altitude unable spot destination headed west coast orient turned inland paul defiant sent squadron raf based began pursuit nearly fuel climbed feet plane injured foot exiting aircraft hit ground aircraft crashed miles west closer destination trouble exiting aircraft considered achievement moment life departure germany given adjutant letter addressed hitler detailed intentions open peace negotiations british delivered letter hitler noon later said hitler described departure worst personal blows life considered personal betrayal hitler worried allies italy japan perceive act attempt hitler secretly open peace negotiations british reason hitler ordered german press decision fly scotland entirely hitler knowledge authority members government including propaganda minister believed matters worse truly mentally ill holding important government position hitler stripped party state offices secretly ordered shot sight returned germany abolished post deputy assigning duties title head party hitler initiated hundreds arrests faith took place june campaign propaganda effort practitioners american journalist met hitler speculated hitler sent deliver message informing winston_churchill forthcoming invasion soviet_union offering negotiated peace partnership soviet leader believed flight engineered british persisted belief late mentioned matter churchill insisted advance knowledge flight hitler churchill explores mystery flight britain suggests carrying documents detailed proposals hitler meant peace germany britain stand neutral planned german war soviet_union return germany willing withdraw western_europe capture landed south glasgow discovered struggling parachute local identifying alfred horn said important message duke hamilton helped nearby cottage contacted local unit escorted captive headquarters taken police station arriving midnight searched possessions confiscated repeatedly requested meet duke hamilton questioning undertaken aid interpreter major area commandant interview taken guard glasgow injuries treated time captors suspected true identity continued insist horn hamilton duty wing commander near edinburgh arrived station tracked progress flight arrived barracks morning examining effects met prisoner immediately admitted true identity outlined reason flight hamilton told hoped continue conversation aid interpreter speak english having trouble understanding hamilton meeting hamilton examined remains company intelligence officer returned arrangements meet prime minister winston_churchill weekend preliminary talks night hamilton accompanied churchill london day met members war cabinet churchill sent hamilton foreign affairs expert met previously positively identify prisoner moved overnight prepared extensive notes use meeting spoke length hitler plans need britain let nazis free europe exchange allowed overseas possessions held meetings course days hamilton returned duties addition disappointed apparent failure mission began claiming medical treatment inadequate plot poison flight destination fate announced germany evening hitler sent foreign minister news person british press permitted release information events day finally learned husband survived trip news fate broadcast german radio wreckage aircraft salvaged maintenance unit taken oxford stored armed machine guns nose carried ammunition pieces plane extant including engines engine piece fuselage london trial imprisonment prisoner war castle transferred briefly tower london surrey fortified mansion designated camp stayed thirteen months churchill issued orders treated allowed read newspapers listen radio intelligence officers stationed soldiers placed guard early june allowed write family prepared letter duke hamilton delivered repeated requests meetings turned major leading german expert berlin took charge year long abortive according files released john treated period note insane mentally unstable tendencies paranoia repeated peace proposal 1st simon serving lord chancellor interview june lord simon noted prisoner mental state good claimed poisoned prevented sleeping insist dinner guards attempted send samples food analysis early morning hours june rushed guards attempted suicide jumping staircase fell stone floor left leg injury required leg kept traction weeks weeks bed rest permitted walk captain assessed noted suicide attempt likely occur near future began time complain amnesia increasingly erratic behaviour ruse declared mentally ill repatriated terms geneva conventions moved june remain years facility chosen added security need fewer guards allowed walks grounds car trips surrounding countryside access newspapers reading materials wrote letters journals mental health remained care continued complain memory loss second suicide attempt february stabbed bread knife wound requiring germany losing war took food week resuming eating threatened force fed germany surrendered facing charges war criminal ordered appear transported october trials allies world war held series military trials beginning trial major war criminals november october tried group defendants charged counts conspiracy commit crimes crimes peace war crimes crimes humanity violation international laws governing warfare arrival reluctant possessions including samples food claimed poisoned british proposed use defence trial commandant facility colonel united_states_army advised allowed special treatment samples sealed confiscated diaries indicate acknowledge validity court felt outcome conclusion thin arrived weighing kilograms poor appetite deemed good health defendant managed hang cell october remaining prisoners monitored clock previous suicide attempts guard cell immediately arrival began exhibiting amnesia hope avoiding death sentence medical personnel examined reported insane fit stand trial british doctor soviet noted belief amnesia fake efforts trigger memory including bringing showing old persisted showing response allowed statement tribunal november admitted faked memory loss tactic spoke tribunal august day closing statements prosecution case presented beginning february quoting speeches attempted demonstrate aware agreed hitler plans conduct war aggression violation international law declared signed important governmental including decree requiring mandatory military service racial laws decree incorporating conquered polish territories share responsibility acts regime pointed timing trip scotland weeks german invasion soviet_union viewed attempt british war resumed showing symptoms amnesia end february prosecution case case defence presented march lawyer noted accepted responsibility signed said matters internal workings sovereign state outside war crimes trial called stand man head testify behalf presented questions organisation countries testified activities espionage permission knowledge called witnesses mayor brother alfred refuted allegations war presented defence case july attempted charge conspiracy pointing hitler important decisions noted held responsible events took place left germany mentally detached happening declining visits family refusing read newspapers court nearly months passing judgement september defendants individually sentenced october found guilty counts crimes peace planning preparing war aggression conspiracy german leaders commit crimes found guilty war crimes crimes humanity given life sentence seven nazis receive prison sentences trial seven transported aircraft allied military prison berlin july soviet member tribunal filed document recording dissent sentence felt death sentence placed control governing body charge military occupation germany consisted representatives member states britain france united_states soviet_union country supplied guards prison month time rotating basis inmates given medical examinations refused body search held provided prison assigned numbers addressed stay number prison small library inmates allowed file special requests additional reading material writing materials limited allowed pieces paper month letters prisoners allowed speak permission expected work facility helping cleaning inmates taken outdoor walks prison grounds hour day separated yards apart rules relaxed time went visits half hour month allowed forbade family visit december patient time wolf years old seen departure germany illness allowed family visit regularly daughter law brought photos films grandchildren particularly welcome visitor health problems mental physical ongoing captivity cried night claiming stomach pains continued suspect food poisoned complained amnesia psychiatrist examined deemed ill transferred mental hospital unsuccessful suicide attempt took place stays hospital spent rest life fellow inmates released poor health 1950s served time released cell prison continued maintained lone prisoner release death estimated cost conditions far pleasant 1980s early years allowed freely cell block setting routine choosing activities included television films reading lift installed readily access garden provided medical orderly onward numerous appeals release launched lawyer beginning early denied mainly soviets repeatedly vetoed proposal located existence gave soviets sector city additionally soviet officials believed known attack country imminent wolf began campaign win father release garnering support notable politicians 1st baron britain germany avail spite prisoner advanced age deteriorating health death aftermath died august age summer house set prison garden reading room took extension cord lamps window hanged death occurred short note family found pocket powers released statement september ruling death suicide initially buried secret location avoid media attention demonstrations nazi interred family plot march wife buried died demolished prevent neo nazi shrine lawyer felt old managed kill repeatedly claimed father murdered prevent revealing information british misconduct war served medical orderly dismissed position local district parliament wrote self published book similar theme according investigation british government available evidence claim murdered solicitor general sir saw grounds investigation autopsy results support conclusion killed report released raised question murdered claims suicide note found body appears written hospitalised town scene neo nazi demonstrations august date death parish council decided allow extension grave site lease expired consent family grave opened july remains cremated ashes scattered sea family members bore destroyed
Rudolf Hess