series floating islands exclusive state northeastern india cover substantial lake area masses vegetation soil organic matter different stages decay largest single mass southeastern lake covering area km2 mass constitutes world largest floating park named park formed preserve endangered deer subspecies called language indigenous area local people constructing fishing uses inhabited people artificial circular built villagers fish farming caused lake traditional practice vegetation existed centuries recorded wetlands floating islands inhabitants fishing barrage constructed sheds reported dam completed reported structures reported converted permanent dwellings people live floating earning living fishermen constructed plastic ropes heavy rocks wood bamboo plates iron rods artificial circular built villagers fish farming present lake caused tourist lodge built ecological composition floating mass vegetation organic debris soil constitutes thickness varies centimetres metres black colour texture thickness water surface remains submerged construction park area containing merely land commissioning project ecosystems emerged body open water covers area covers remaining thirds life cycle generally subject seasonal variation monsoon season water level high float dry season water level falls touch lake bed absorb nutrients wet season returns float nutrients stored plants roots survives contemporary situation high water levels lake year meant process feeding lake nutrients seriously disturbed resulting loss islands year january reported large section north park shattered pieces drifted away park area threatening habitat changes water regime construction barrage caused changes vegetation composition study instituted october july record vegetation composition productivity areas ranging thickness water depth soil accumulating data summer winter study recorded plant species families formed dominant families species recorded summer winter diversity plant species recorded diversity summer winter respective figures species found different samples thin samples thick samples hard ground plant communities identified winter summer recorded highest productivity winter summer greater productivity recorded summer winter variation productivity noted according seasons type wildlife largest lake situated southeastern region forms park natural refuge endangered deer locally known sub species deer listed endangered species apart deer flagship species park fauna found park mammals reptiles migratory resident species species consist deer wild large indian common fox jungle cat asian golden cat bay bamboo rat common flying fox species found park keel cobra water cobra banded asian rat snake beauty rat snake snake common viviparous endangered species found park prominent bird species seen park migratory resident species east black lesser sky northern hill north indian black lesser eastern jungle crow yellow headed duck blue winged shell duck crane crane indian white crimson environmental issues coupled severe lake water substantially water circulation caused increase deposit lake ecosystem building materials build blocks sunlight reaching lower depths lake water resulted formation vertical profiles lake water body catching fish insect degradation form releases toxic gases hydrogen reduces dissolved oxygen causes lake water condition creating dead water zone called thin layer known fish survive degree increasingly thick causing pollution lake water increase shallow lake reported construction altered lake ecosystem reduced water holding capacity consequently negative impact power generation capacity area affected habitat flora decline species mammals birds reptiles amphibians fishes reported disappearing gradually reported soil park formed highly acidic unsuitable conditions species plants grow flourish soil adversely affected fish breeding farms recent reports indicate locals pieces sell fish culture owners scientific study water quality parameters chemical characteristics role conducted collecting surface water samples monthly basis stations representing zones northern western eastern middle southern test results indicated water quality area poor northern southern zones lake test results indicated low dissolved oxygen low normal range surface water systems high high oxygen demand water quality good open water area assessment total nitrogen content species indicated following present descending order test results confirmed fact efficient absorbing nutrients lake water deteriorated water quality reduced light penetration accumulation organic matter lake ecosystem management strategies detailed study conducted collaboration supported implementing project lake project addresses issues relating water management sustainable fisheries development community participation development area treatment conservation wildlife decided september policies implemented period years estimated cost million extended area management incorporate water rivers tributaries primarily responsible order resolve problem excessive growth affects lake ecosystem local community study sponsored undertaken examine efficient ways converting fodder fuel meet energy demands region options conversion studied involved making use fodder second proposed lower use fuel study observed potential feed material higher crude crude protein content content root mat zone found unsuitable purpose second option making upper portion mixing rice found feasible fodder lower portion fuel found suitable use fuel found average value kilogram ash content cost economics worked study found economically viable attractive proposition benefit local population study concluded extraction lake generate income local people dependent lake step protect lake adverse effects maintain ecological balance lake converting waste wealth concurred project proposals engage interested individuals private enterprises begin commercial venture manufacturing improve environment project removal artificial compensation owners reported implemented method adopted past tackle way approach successful planned construct canal divert methods adopted control water include introducing biological control water carried collaboration reports shown effective method controlling water lake restoration plan based system eliminate organic load enters lake form non point point source harvested sustainable manner conversion fuel installing plug flow manner lake perimeter laboratory tests key species proved potential produce treat sewage arrest flow organic matter lake recent workshop organized management involved presentations locals emphasis need open barrage months year january april june september clear control floods wash away waste accumulated time implementing action plans economically viable technically feasible result evolving attractive plan backed programs examine introduction fishing nets instead circular shaped floating lake planted artificially catching fish
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