atlantic hurricane atlantic hurricane tropical storm tropical cyclone forms atlantic_ocean usually summer fall tropical cyclones categorized intensity tropical storms minute maximum sustained winds mph knots hurricanes minute maximum sustained winds exceeding mph knots north_atlantic tropical storms hurricanes form june november monitors basin issues reports watches warnings tropical weather systems tropical cyclones defined recent times tropical disturbances reach tropical storm intensity named list hurricanes result significant damage casualties names retired list request affected nations order prevent confusion subsequent storm given average north_atlantic basin named storms occur season average hurricanes major hurricanes category greater peak activity september season march hurricane intensity tropical cyclone recorded started use scale tropical cyclones assign names reach mph steering factors tropical cyclones steered surrounding flow depth atmosphere surface miles high director leaf carried stream brick moving river air describe way atmospheric flow affects path hurricane ocean specifically air flow high pressure systems low pressure areas influence hurricane tracks tropical latitudes tropical storms hurricanes generally westward slight tend north influence subtropical ridge high pressure system usually extends east west south subtropical ridge surface easterly winds blowing east west prevail subtropical ridge weakened upper trough tropical cyclone turn curve northeast main belt north subtropical ridge westerly winds prevail generally steer tropical cyclones reach northern latitudes east steer extratropical cyclones cold warm fronts west east intensity generally speaking intensity tropical cyclone determined storm maximum sustained winds lowest barometric pressure following table lists intense atlantic hurricanes terms lowest barometric pressure terms wind speed hurricane allen strongest atlantic tropical cyclone record maximum sustained winds mph measurements suspect instrumentation document wind speeds time likely winds intensity nonetheless central pressures low rank strongest recorded atlantic hurricanes owing intensity strongest atlantic hurricanes attained category classification strongest category hurricane recorded intensified reach minimum pressure mbar hpa inhg pressure typical category hurricanes nonetheless pressure remains high list strongest atlantic tropical cyclones presently strongest atlantic hurricane recorded reaching intensity mbar hpa inhg october strongest tropical cyclone worldwide outside seven tropical cyclones recorded intensify lower pressures later superseded hurricane east pacific pressure reading mbar preceding hurricane gilbert held record intense atlantic hurricane years labor day hurricane pressure mbar hpa inhg strongest atlantic hurricane strongest documented tropical cyclone prior measurements taken gilbert documented pressure remains lowest measured land hurricane fourth strongest atlantic hurricane terms barometric pressure tropical cyclones list katrina sixth respectively barometric pressure mbar hpa inhg strongest tropical cyclone recorded gulf_of_mexico dean share seventh strongest atlantic hurricane mbar hpa inhg sharing tenth place intense atlantic tropical cyclone unnamed hurricane listed deepened pressure low mbar hpa inhg strongest recorded tropical cyclones weakened prior eventual landfall demise storms remained intense landfall considered strongest hurricanes hurricanes list constitute intense atlantic recorded history labor day hurricane landfall peak intensity making intense atlantic landfall weakened slightly eventual landfall yucatán_peninsula maintained pressure mbar hpa inhg landfall making landfall second strongest similarly landfall peninsula peak intensity higher barometric pressure landfall marked strongest atlantic hurricane history serve characterize general properties average season tools making forecasts storms form warm waters miles north equator near convergence zone tropical waves force usually weak initiate sufficient rotation near equator storms frequently form warm waters gulf_of_mexico caribbean_sea tropical atlantic_ocean far east origin strong long lasting cape type hurricanes systems strengthen coast eastern united_states water temperatures exceed storms found tropical latitudes occasionally storms form north east disturbances tropical waves cold fronts upper level lows known induced tropical cyclones strong atlantic hurricane activity tropics presence pacific_ocean events increase wind shear atlantic producing favorable environment formation decreasing tropical activity atlantic basin conversely causes increase activity decrease wind shear according azores high hypothesis anti phase pattern expected exist gulf_of_mexico coast coast periods present northeasterly position azores high result hurricanes steered atlantic coast period hurricanes steered gulf_coast azores high shifted southwesterly position near caribbean displacement azores high consistent evidence shows abrupt onset drier climate haiti years change humid conditions late moisture pumped gulf_coast preliminary data northern atlantic coast support azores high hypothesis year record coastal lake suggests hurricane activity increased significantly past years gulf_coast amid period millennium seasonal variation speaking approximately percent tropical cyclones form north_atlantic develop dates june november dates modern day atlantic hurricane season beginning annual hurricane season historically remained official end hurricane season shifted initial date october regardless average years tropical cyclone develops outside limits season january tropical cyclones season recent hurricane alex tropical cyclone atlantic hurricane season formed january earliest forming tropical storm hurricane concluded storm december hurricane able initially thought earliest forming major hurricane tropical cyclone winds exceeding mph following post storm analysis determined able reached category strength hurricane alma new record holder major hurricane june developed bounds atlantic hurricane season earliest developing category hurricane record reached intensity june earliest forming category hurricane emily reached highest intensity saffir simpson hurricane wind scale july official end atlantic hurricane season occurs november dates october november historically marked official end date hurricane season december month year hurricane season featured cyclogenesis fourteen tropical cyclones tropical storm latest tropical cyclone attain tropical storm intensity december second hurricane alice latest forming tropical cyclone attain hurricane intensity alice storms exist calendar years storms recorded exceed category hurricane intensity december reached category intensity november took unprecedented west east track caribbean intensity latest developing category hurricane bounds hurricane season hurricane october november initially thought latest forming category hurricane documented indicated devastating hurricane reached intensity later date consequently hurricane latest developing tropical cyclone reach saffir simpson hurricane wind scale classifications past category intensity june beginning hurricane season closely related timing increases sea surface temperatures convective instability factors june marks beginning hurricane season generally little activity occurs month average tropical cyclone years tropical systems usually form gulf_of_mexico east coast united_states total tropical storms hurricanes formed month june period systems developed deep tropics east lesser antilles major hurricanes formed june notably hurricane ranks earliest forming category hurricane atlantic basin attained intensity greater atlantic tropical cyclone june july hurricanes dennis emily easternmost forming storm june tropical storm formed july tropical activity occurs month july majority hurricane seasons formation tropical cyclone july average atlantic tropical cyclone seasons tropical storm half seasons occurred july second formed august formation usually occurs eastern caribbean_sea lesser antilles northern eastern parts gulf_of_mexico vicinity northern bahamas coast carolinas virginia storms travel westward caribbean north curve near eastern coast united_states stay north westward track enter gulf_of_mexico total tropical storms formed month july storms reached major hurricane intensity strongest july tropical cyclone atlantic basin attained category hurricane status july making earliest category hurricane record easternmost forming storm longest lived month july hurricane formed lasted days august decrease wind shear july august contributes significant increase tropical activity average atlantic tropical storms develop annually august average named tropical storms including hurricane occur august intense hurricane develops september september peak hurricane season occurs september corresponds low wind shear sea surface temperatures month september sees average storms year september average atlantic season features named tropical storms including hurricanes addition major hurricanes occur average september relatively tropical cyclones landfall october favorable conditions found september begin decay october main reason decrease activity increasing wind shear sea surface temperatures cooler september activity falls markedly cyclones developing average despite secondary peak october october average season features named storms hurricanes major hurricane occurs september half atlantic tropical cyclone seasons contrast mid season activity mean formation shifts westward caribbean gulf_of_mexico reversing eastward progression june august november wind shear increases substantially november generally preventing cyclone formation average tropical storm forms november rare occasions major hurricane occurs intense hurricanes november include hurricane cuba late october early november strongest november hurricane record peaking category hurricane mid november hurricane kate late november latest major hurricane record early november december hurricane season defined beginning june ending november season storms season cyclones occurred time span storms formed december april january february march years tropical cyclones formed december storms occurred outside season single year high vertical wind shear low sea surface temperatures generally tropical cyclone formation season tropical cyclones formed months tropical cyclones existed month january formed late december second hurricane alice hurricanes form january category hurricane season hurricane alex season subtropical storm january began atlantic hurricane season major hurricanes occurred season extremes season tropical storms formed record atlantic hurricane season season hurricanes formed record atlantic hurricane season major hurricanes record atlantic hurricane season thought analysis showed storms weaker thought record held season active season record database considered reliable atlantic hurricane season tropical storm hurricanes major hurricane overall atlantic hurricane season remains active documented storm intense hurricane barometric pressure record form north_atlantic basin hurricane mbar largest hurricane gale diameter record form north_atlantic hurricane sandy gale diameter miles longest lasting hurricane lasted days hours tropical cyclone longest tracked hurricane hurricane faith travelled miles tropical cyclone faith northern moving tropical cyclone atlantic basin tornadoes spawned hurricane hurricane season strongest hurricane labor day hurricane hpa deadliest hurricane great hurricane fatalities deadliest hurricane landfall continental united_states galveston hurricane killed people damaging hurricane adjusted inflation hurricane katrina season caused billion damages usd quickest forming hurricane hurricane minimal hurricane formed intensified faster tropical cyclone record landfall developing september northwestern gulf_of_mexico cyclone rapidly strengthened struck texas winds mph early september trends number storms atlantic increased obvious global trend annual number tropical cyclones worldwide remains ability long term data analysis certain basins limited lack reliable historical data basins primarily spite evidence intensity hurricanes increasing stated records hurricane activity worldwide maximum wind speed duration hurricanes energy released average hurricane considering hurricanes worldwide increased past years corresponding increase maximum wind speed increase storm lifetime time increased heat global warming driving trend argue research refuted theory contend trend exist instead created faulty readings primitive 1970s era measurement equipment found weakly positive significant trend number north_atlantic tropical cyclones surprisingly strong decrease cyclone duration period journal nature published peer reviewed submission october suggests migration exists paths maximum intensity tropical cyclone activity atlantic focus report latitude recent tropical cyclones atlantic reaching maximum intensity data indicates past thirty years peak intensity storms shifted rate approximately decade amounting approximately degree latitude decade atlantic storms destructive financially expensive storms united_states history occurred according recent increase societal impact tropical cyclones largely caused rising concentrations population infrastructure coastal regions normalized mainland hurricane damage values found remaining trend increasing absolute damage 1970s 1980s notable extremely low amounts damage compared decades decade second damage past decades decade surpassing costs damaging single storm miami hurricane billion normalized damage threat hurricanes coastal regions sparse population major ports advent automobile tourism severe portions hurricanes striking coast gone instances combined effects ship destruction remote landfall severely limit number intense hurricanes official record era hurricane reconnaissance aircraft satellite record shows distinct increase number strength intense hurricanes experts regard early data suspect estimated bias zero tropical cyclones year zero year roughly account typical size tropical cyclones density shipping tracks atlantic basin populated coastline number strength atlantic hurricanes undergo year cycle known reconstructed atlantic major hurricane activity early eighteenth century found periods averaging major hurricanes year lasting years averaging major hurricanes year lasting years periods associated atlantic related solar responsible enhancing number major hurricanes year uncommon normal hurricane seasons occurred destructive hurricanes struck frequently including major new_england hurricanes atlantic tropical storms formed record recently exceeded saw storms tropical hurricanes occurred seasons intense storms formed season tropical storms formed record occurred november strengthened hurricanes hurricanes occurred 1840s 1860s struck early 19th century including storm direct hit new_york_city historical weather experts storms high category strength active hurricane seasons satellite coverage atlantic basin satellite era began tropical storms hurricanes went reconnaissance aircraft encountered ship reported voyage storm storm hit land populated area official record miss storms ship experienced gale force winds recognized tropical storm opposed high latitude extra tropical cyclone tropical wave brief returned port reported experience records based research revealed major hurricane activity varies centuries major hurricanes struck gulf coast recent millennium intervals separated period gulf_coast struck frequently catastrophic hurricanes landfall increased times scale attributed long term shifts position azores high linked changes strength according azores high hypothesis anti phase pattern expected exist gulf_of_mexico coast periods northeasterly position azores high result hurricanes steered atlantic coast period hurricanes steered gulf_coast azores high shifted southwesterly position near caribbean displacement azores high consistent evidence shows abrupt onset drier climate haiti years change humid conditions late moisture pumped gulf_coast preliminary data northern atlantic coast support azores high hypothesis year record coastal lake suggests hurricane activity increased significantly past years gulf_coast amid period millennium
Atlantic hurricane