gene november october american union leader founding members times candidate president united_states presidential work labor movements eventually best known living united_states early political career member democratic_party elected democrat working smaller unions including instrumental founding nation industrial unions workers organized strike pay cuts summer signed called boycott handling trains cars nationwide strike affecting lines west detroit workers states mail running president united_states_army break strike leader convicted federal charges court injunction strike served months prison jail read works socialist theory emerged months later committed international socialist movement founding member ran socialist candidate president united_states times including earning popular vote time prison cell candidate native indiana noted speech denouncing american participation world war led second arrest convicted act sentenced term years president sentence december died long admitted problems developed time prison cited inspiration numerous politicians biography early life born november indiana immigrated united_states france father came prosperous family owned textile mill meat market named french authors victor hugo attended public school dropping high school age took job railroad cleaning trucks freight engines cents day later painter car cleaner railroad shops december drunken locomotive failed report work pressed service night decided remain run indianapolis earning dollar night half years july left work wholesale grocery house remained years attending local business school night joined february active organization served delegate lodge organization national convention elected associate editor monthly organ years later appointed grand secretary treasurer editor magazine july worked january magazine editor september time prominent figure community served terms city clerk september september fall elected democrat serving term marriage family married june home stands preserved amidst campus labor activism railroad comparatively conservative organizations focused providing fellowship services collective gradually convinced need unified approach railroads powerful companies economy influence involvement railroad strike defeat labor convinced necessity organizing craft lines stepping secretary organized industrial unions united_states workers union successfully struck great northern railway april winning demands strike involved strike grew compensation dispute started workers constructed train cars citing falling revenue economic panic cut wages employees workers members appealed support union convention chicago illinois tried persuade union members worked railways boycott risky given hostility railways federal government weakness union possibility unions break strike membership ignored warnings refused handle cars railroad cars attached including cars containing director extended strike doubling size workers relented decided strike endorsed members immediate area chicago july new_york_times editorial called large enemy human race fought establishing train cars eventual leadership strike came known rebellion federal government intervened obtaining injunction strike theory carried cars refusing work president supported presidential campaigns sent united_states_army enforce injunction entrance army break strike overall killed strike chicago thousands estimated million worth property damaged found guilty contempt court violating injunction sent federal prison represented later leading american lawyer civil previously corporate lawyer railroad company commonly thought switched sides represent myth repeated biography defense fact resigned railroad earlier death mentor supreme_court case decision later upheld right federal government issue injunction socialist leader time arrest mail socialist serving month term jail comrades received steady stream letters books pamphlets mail country recalled years later began read think anatomy system organized shattered battered single stroke writings early appealed impressed writings clear conclusive readily merely argument caught spirit socialist thank helped darkness light additionally visited jail milwaukee socialist newspaper editor words came instrument delivered message socialism heard obituary time said left copy prisoner read slowly emerged jail end sentence changed man spend final decades life socialist cause released prison started socialist political career persuaded membership join found federal office candidates fledgling socialist party running unsuccessfully president congress running mate received votes popular vote electoral votes wife kate opposed socialism relationship wife rejects values holds dear basis biographical novel adversary house split found year later group split went majority faction found united_states called elected chairman board governed party party sole figure governed actions position chairman notoriety gave status party candidate president final time prison showing election received votes popular vote received electoral votes vice presidential candidate ultimately finished overall election ran ticket receiving slightly higher number votes popular vote received popular vote received electoral votes received popular vote total votes total votes campaign remains time high candidate running alongside received electoral votes received success party candidate largely dismissive electoral process political sewer winning local offices value organizing workers unions favoring unions brought workers given industry organized craft skills workers practiced founding work major work organizing labor union came founding june chicago illinois influential union leaders including big bill leader leader held called stated confederate workers country working class movement shall purpose emancipation working class perform task great appeals best thought united energies enlist loyal support task presence weak men despair impossible shrink working class split built basis uniting workers industry rift began union started electoral wing led irritated speeches december told audience new_york parliamentary step time people step little shorter preceding step better said elect superintendent branch industry elect congressman united_states congress response attacked purely cooper union speech beginning split leading split factions faction loyal rift presented problem influential final straw came disgusted decision elected officials lawrence massachusetts send police subsequently clubs children publicly declared vote passage amendment focused direct action sabotage tactics advocated probably person saved seat trial life idaho described lincoln labor called run president united_states times changed facing split party chose echo words accusing representing anarchy stated opposed amendment adopted remained friendly expulsion despite perceived differences tactics prior dismissal membership reached time high year later months recalled membership dropped attributed decline departure element predicted party recover election elected public office lost seats leadership style noted charismatic speaker called vocabulary christianity style generally organized religion said socialist radical fierce convictions kind personal relations noted eulogy quoting fellow socialist old man burning eyes actually believes thing brotherhood man funniest long believe called king wholly comfortable standing leader told audience detroit labor leader want follow looking moses lead capitalist wilderness stay right lead promised land led lead use heads hands present condition political prisoner speeches wilson administration war earned president later called traitor country june speech ohio urging resistance military draft world war arrested june charged counts trial defense called witnesses asking allowed address court defense unusual request granted spoke hours found guilty september sentencing hearing september addressed court speech classic liberal journalist partisan said beautiful moving passages english language afternoon touched inspiration told fire danced shoulders spoke believe said honor stated court opposed form present government opposed social system live believe change perfectly orderly means thinking morning men mills factories thinking women wage compelled work lives little children system robbed childhood early tender years seized grasp forced industrial dungeons feed machines body soul honor ask mercy immunity realize finally right prevail fully great struggle powers greed hand rising hosts freedom dawn better day humanity people awakening course time come sailing seas looks relief weary watch turns eyes burning ocean midnight approaches begins bend worlds change places finger points marks passage time universe bell beat glad look knows midnight passing relief rest close hand let people heart hope cross bending midnight passing joy morning sentenced november years prison life presented called best remembered statement sentencing hearing honor years ago recognized living beings mind bit better earth said lower class criminal element soul prison free appealed conviction supreme_court ruling united_states court examined statements world war socialism carefully speeches attempt comply espionage act court found intention effect draft military recruitment things court cited praise imprisoned draft justice holmes stated opinion little attention needed case essentially united_states court upheld similar conviction went prison april protest led parade communists march day cleveland ohio event quickly broke violent day riots ran president election prison atlanta georgia atlanta federal received votes slightly won received highest number votes presidential candidate time prison wrote series columns deeply critical prison system appeared form published book walls bars added chapters published posthumously march president wilson asked attorney general opinion offering doubt wisdom public effect action generally favored releasing people convicted wartime security acts consulted prosecutors records defenders civil liberties assured conviction correct sentence appropriate president attorney general believed public opinion opposed releasing strengthen wilson opponents debate ratification peace treaty proposed august october success point wilson wrote flower american youth pouring blood cause civilization man stood lines attacking denouncing man traitor country pardoned administration january citing deteriorating health proposed wilson receive presidential pardon freeing february lincoln birthday wilson returned writing denied december president sentence time served effective christmas day issue pardon white_house statement summarized administration view case question guilt means outspoken expressions prominence resulting far reaching effect words probably received sentence old man strong physically man personal charm impressive personality qualifications dangerous man calculated excuse criminal intent years released atlanta prisoners sent cheers crowd greeted return accompaniment band music route home warmly received white_house greeted saying heard damned glad meet personally nominated nobel peace prize finnish socialist grounds started work actively peace world war mainly considered war interest capitalism spent remaining years trying recover health severely undermined prison confinement late admitted died heart failure october age body cremated buried indiana legacy helped american left measure political opposition corporations world war american communists honor compassion labor movement motivation average working man build socialism large state involvement books written life inspirational american socialist home purchased worked preserve memorial begun designated official historic site state indiana designated united_states preservation museum monitored national_park_service named member labor hall fame leave collection papers university library pamphlet collection brother amassed held scholar author biography donated biographical research materials chicago open researchers original manuscript book walls bars amendments presumably held thomas morgan papers special collections department town minnesota named new_york radio station espn radio named honor place housing block new_york named honor university_of_michigan michigan named named red eugene representation media included historical figure trilogy featured figures 42nd parallel affiliation prompted actions fictional characters novel mac years eyes documentary including historic footage directed narrator named honor appears novels great war blood iron elected congress way split republican_party candidate president strong opponent involvement great war voices documentary political career works editor vol vol vol vol vol vol vol vol vol vol vol vol vol vol vol life writings speeches department appeal reason labor freedom audio version walls bars prisons prison life land free chicago
Eugene V. Debs