presidential campaign presidential campaign began united_states senator arizona elected seek republican_party nomination president united_states challenge incumbent democratic president early officially announcing candidacy presidency accused governor new_york attempting southern western republican support industrial northern states eventually primary opponents race republican_party nomination amid growing popularity southern states early 1960s anticipating looking forward issue oriented campaign democrat personal friend aviator hobby wished fly country attempt revive whistle stop train tour style debates kennedy assassination november hopes election contest friend political rival officially announced candidacy presidency january arizona home following battle moderate liberal republicans republican primary moderate conservatives won party nomination president beginning campaign fought battle incumbent president favorable economic circumstances consistently refused moderate views alienated significant portion moderate wing republican_party campaign assistance media large unfavorable opinion president johnson party portray general election lost landslide carrying states johnson popular vote johnson background executive experience stretched took family department store chain finishing year president chain chairman board began active duty prior american entrance world war deployed india discharged active duty lieutenant colonel went organize attained rank major general began political career elected city council phoenix focus eliminating rampant gambling prostitution years later ran member republican_party incumbent democrat served body winning election heavily funded labor unions critics hailed conservative successor political stock rose significantly years later ran campaign president published widely circulated book conscience conservative book criticized effectiveness radical liberal approach politics discussed contemporary issues divided nation time including civil rights welfare state publication rose national bestseller lists right wing republican_party political positions included anti communism emphasis total victory war opposition high taxes government spending criticized politics moderate contemporaries including president criticized aspects economic policy citing failure balance federal budget written right wing successfully wage successful presidential campaign actively supported richard_nixon campaign presidential election early stages suite committee group conservatives including congressman ohio lawyer scholar met privately chicago discuss formation organization secure nomination conservative republican national convention year activities split geographic regions appointing director build organization influence local republican_party main headquarters organization established suite new_york_city leading members refer suite committee decided wait mid term elections choose favored candidate following election formally backed hearing news leak january notified group wish begin campaign result months later established draft committee headed chairman donnell dallas committee helped win state filling supporters american west negotiating party leaders midwest group laid foundation southern strategy essentially creating republican parties democratic patronage system chairman committee southern regional coordinator responsible republican organization south media speculated potential presidential run efforts heightened july rally attended supporters shortly hinted possible presidential candidacy explained draft committee planned use staff decided run late october speculated open candidacy january campaign extensively new_hampshire ahead state nation primary lay named aide research director lead team political scientists policy positions speeches worked longtime adviser officially worked campaign manager senate election eventually named campaign manager presidential run time poll showed percent republicans believed strongest candidate party place runner poll showed vice president richard_nixon shown interest republican nomination losing presidential election gubernatorial race california led percent percent republicans way race potential candidates included led percent support enjoyed enthusiastic support conservative movement opposed liberals party particularly new_york governor speculated run president cast opponent civil rights wanted withdraw united_nations vowed stop running costs concerns moderate divide republican_party chances winning general election perceived leader movement american southern southwestern western states staged conservative wing party hand disagreed fiscal social positions held advocating progressive mainstream approach government republican platform news marriage eighteen months divorced wife woman relationship years spread quickly nation initially divorce received little media fanfare news prompted considerably negative reaction leading polls republican candidates comfortable margin weeks previously saw significant decrease support candidacy july attempt regain lost support taking aim viewed groups targeting specifically responded accusing line separating republican democratic parties attacking politics advocating progressive agenda said voters americans respond political creed past solely offers excuse shutting hard facts difficult tasks present changing dynamics dynamic race changed november president kennedy assassinated succeeded vice president began receive hate mail creating climate hate run presidency privately remarked relieved committed forming campaign major loss johnson damaged conservative movement johnson appeal rural hoped gain northern roman catholic kennedy word possibly decide running caused supporters fill supportive letters reluctance greatly movement caused proponents grow bitter conclusion official mourning period president kennedy went attack new president accusing johnson playing politics christmas twisting arms pass foreign aid bill christmas eve led potential republican candidates support dropped percent goal receive nomination republican_party faced slim chance victory following kennedy assassination possible shift control party liberal eastern wing told aides let party shortly assassination president defined goal administration continuing kennedy administration congress passages controversial bills included proposal civil rights act supported civil rights varying degrees opposed bill reasoning undermined sovereignty states govern opposition federal civil rights legislation advocacy state sovereignty led rise popularity southern states support prove pursuit republican nomination general election campaign leading polls republican nomination target speculation enter presidential race seek reelection amid speculation disclosed telegram hold press conference phoenix arizona home announce decision primary campaign choice echo friday january planned press conference home phoenix consequence recent medical procedure officially announced intention seek republican nomination office president united_states campaign announcement speech justified candidacy stating heard announced republican candidate declaration conscience political position possibly offer american people clear choice presidential election emphasized need federal government limited balanced increasing concentrations authority washington encourages personal responsibility american citizens candidacy victory principle presenting opportunity american people choose promised choice echo election positioned right announced candidacy months prior supporters excited entrance predicted south democratic column days announcement appeared uncomfortable previous foot surgery critics noted supporters deemed interview flop hoping setback left new_hampshire beginning day campaign swing ahead state march primary stop including major campaign speech criticized president johnson liberal policies expansion federal government asserted johnson trying appeal washington new deal liberal hoping present public conservative argued johnson compelled continue programs kennedy administration desires later directly discuss assassination kennedy remarked communism blame head head match johnson trailed percent percent lead later january came fire comments criticizing president johnson plans cut funding manned bombers claimed long range missiles defense secretary remark accused damaging national security general curtis backed claims congressional hearings later conducted missile reliability took exception suggestion beneficial united_states remain united_nations wake communist china challenged debate felt debating like debating member republican despite criticism refused alter political beliefs opting remain consistent conservative ideology polls end january marked point decrease new_hampshire lead months previous led percent percent state early february embarked campaign tour minnesota stop minneapolis leveled associated_press labeled toughest campaign attack johnson foreign policy accused administration failing vietnam panama argued johnson making promises buy votes home world burns arrived chicago fundraiser announced support tougher blockade cuba continued dialogue cold war stop san_francisco arguing policy issue proposed outline maintain peace included encouragement communist positions control world maintenance american strength soviet_union check later embarked day tour new_hampshire appearance state final campaign run ahead primary trip publicly wondered family wants business communist countries remarked fire defense secretary insistence long range missiles accurate manned bombings referred statement heard defense secretary early state conventions end february began importance commenting result percent strong showing candidates senator smith projected june california primary better test strength primary field ahead national convention july attended oklahoma north_carolina state conventions campaign delegates crucial state conventions north_carolina claimed order win election nominee carry south argued opponents understood problems south viable general election candidates won delegates oklahoma gained north_carolina despite winning convention endorsement state delegates likely new_hampshire primary neared began attack claiming supported voluntary social security plan bankrupt nation denied charge campaigned new_hampshire primary vote spending approximately opposed voters grew wary social security cuba military role federal government likewise turned public divorce result electorate sought candidates surprisingly ambassador south vietnam won primary percent write candidate serving vietnam making public appearances new_hampshire finished second percent followed percent won delegates primary chairman florida attributed defeat divided campaign witnessed state party leaders congressman disagreed delegate slate loss new_hampshire focused efforts california remarking primary interested traveled state endorsement member california party annual convention won backing party convention increasing number volunteers california campaign angered result declared convention overrun end march traveled detroit continued criticize defense secretary calling time loser son campaigned father oregon preparation state primary runner status early april traveled oregon campaign stops noting psychological importance state primary proximity california press conference announced plans utilize television spread message attacked opponent labeling campaign refused use opponent recent divorce political purposes eased direct criticism praising willingness discuss views american people men spoke washington early april set sights warned republican_party instead criticized johnson administration policies communism called republicans fight democrats republicans ahead traveled chicago announced change campaign media policy avoid press believed reporting negatively campaign won illinois primary percent vote gained state delegates victory overshadowed percent performance long shot candidate total lower percent expected result showed win populous northern state survey newspaper publishers predicted delegates end switching nixon remained confident win nomination continued feel overcoming nixon later april president johnson offered foreign policy major presidential candidate rejected calling political gesture continued criticism johnson administration missile accuracy senate committee declared missiles reliable advocated increased spending manned bombing project affirmed support increased military action cut supply lines china gained total delegates finishing second fourth place respectively massachusetts pennsylvania won favorite son candidates governor won additional delegates home state arizona following convention debate gains viewed favorite win nomination oregon primary drew near campaign depended victory rumors spread president wanted moderate choice insert campaign likewise attempts draft nixon lodge appeared fruitless senator attempted rally movement prevent nomination convention neared likelihood nomination grew purchased time network television spoke directly american people half hour segment highlighting political positions appearance unprecedented previous presidential candidate addressed national audience winning party nomination hoped episodes stalled limited campaign funds time secured delegates needed win nomination ahead won pennsylvania second place stood fourth delegates won texas nebraska indiana lost oregon delegates labeled defeat victory radical left primary predicted join lodge campaign ditch effort prevent nomination focus june california primary refused engage called personal commented republicans instead focus defeating president johnson end appeared bit rally planned phoenix municipal stadium drew supporters expected candidate came fire mentioning low grade atomic bombs expose supply communists vietnam florida slate rejected party led california polls rejected legitimacy polls appeared find hope nixon scranton declared neutrality acknowledging importance party unity preventing stop movement birth child likely reminded voters adultery securing nomination won california primary june vote gaining state delegates securing nomination immediately began search running mate field senator kentucky congressman new_york ohio governor reported authoritative source informed president asked scranton available presidential nomination stop movement later advised scranton involved moderate republican governors felt development effectively ended anti movement secured nomination worked convince political secured nomination winning additional delegates dallas june address convention drew people dallas memorial auditorium proclaimed essential republicans win south years writing region surpassed number delegates needed republican nomination bound state law slightly leaving door open battle convention remaining delegates chose scranton hoped change minds took control semi revived movement campaigning nationwide labeling scranton gained support resigned post vietnam assist campaign requested lodge update progress vietnam ambassador refused saying war political issue took hit voting civil rights act questioning vote denounced publicly voiced opposition breaking tradition neutrality presidential elections vote helped southern democrats returning washington briefly returned phoenix attend daughter wedding received great deal media coverage traveled midwest eastern continue build support candidacy polls late june showed head head match republicans favored scranton scranton escalated attacks labeling policy positions ignorant convention days away june received endorsement moderate senator illinois traveling midwest gain delegates support movement senator criticized earlier vote civil rights act concluded review consistent views richard_nixon followed suit endorsed days later feared race major issue general election violence refused criticize democrats vote civil rights act attack saying position attacks vote continued scranton launched toughest assault days ahead convention calling vote attempt gain causing racial unrest likewise michigan governor mustered attack proposing add amendment republican platform excluding right party campaign respond comments candidate affirmed honor law president reflected voice majority convention neared nomination seemingly imminent told point campaign defeat president johnson republican national convention held july cow palace indoor arena san_francisco california convention moderate wing party staged ditch effort nominate moderate candidate time pennsylvania governor moderate wing portrayed supporters hoped voters contact delegates convince endorse scranton accusations attempted connect german politically right wing community attempt convince delegates abandon conservative candidate delegates supported giving republican nomination ballot delegates scranton speaking convention loudly adamant supporters acceptance speech proclaimed audience defense liberty vice pursuit justice virtue selected chairman running mate general election virtually unknown voters miller viewed familiar wise choice vice presidential nomination supporters arguing play key role aggressive campaign democrats general election wake death favorable economic circumstances favorite candidate early general election campaign light political ideology televised nationally media speculated endorse general election barring campaign negative publicity addition johnson known ability manipulate press order provide favorable coverage campaign johnson media generally unfavorable opinion portrayed opponent political johnson speeches imply willingly wage nuclear war quoting impulse act press button million people sun turn defended accusing johnson making accusation indirectly media blew issue proportion johnson campaigned platform limited involvement vietnam continuation funding social programs called substantial cuts social programs suggesting optional suggested use nuclear weapons vietnam necessary believed sold private sector foreign policy beliefs differed sharply opponent advocated limited involvement vietnam maintaining send american boys thousand miles home asian boys ought accused johnson democratic_party having given issue communist aggression reference policies use nuclear weaponry johnson campaign launched television come known young girl pulls flower screen overtaken exploding mushroom cloud despite johnson accusing willing use nuclear weapons vietnam stating united_states necessary victory clarified outright advocate nuclear weapons despite johnson campaign continued portray negative media attention campaign continued publication article publication claimed sent asking assess psychologically fit serve president united_states replies claimed assessments classifying unfit office eventually compensated libel suit election campaign defensive television commercials respond accusations johnson clarify statements previously turn attempted launch counterattack television featuring commercial showing secretary communist_party soviet_union shouting bury children reciting pledge allegiance commercial effectiveness diminished removal office october response attacks johnson began reversing campaign slogan heart know right head know wrong know nuts johnson campaign broadcast advertisement confessions republican actor genuine republican expressed concerns september poll conducted campaign revealed johnson comfortable lead campaign battle incumbent administration prosperous economy wake death leading polls reelection possibility johnson sympathy media voters october actor ronald_reagan entered politics gave official endorsement come known time choosing speech speech reagan emphasized issues spread communism taxes national debt advocated limited government aggressive tactics soviet_union capitalism speech reagan unofficial entrance politics played crucial role election governor california october media emphasized lead johnson stating little chance winning election negative coverage campaign caused independent voters strong supporters candidate vote believed result election determined results election day lost election johnson largest margin history accumulated electoral votes johnson popular vote johnson carried states louisiana alabama mississippi georgia south_carolina home state arizona strong showing south largely support white southern view civil rights states able control laws federal intervention lost popular vote male female electorate respectively narrow regional loss south popular vote lost greater margins east midwest west popular vote respectively johnson heavily favored catholics smaller margin lost independent vote johnson johnson won white vote heavily favored electorate lost college educated high school educated grade school educated population johnson respectively aftermath years election returned senate elected twice influential member party conservative wing serving chairman supported presidential candidacy eventual presidency richard_nixon critical nixon attempt control prices wages initially defended nixon light scandal august withdrew support nixon resigned office days later grew reached end career chose retire senate succeeded john_mccain praised predecessor man transformed republican_party eastern organization breeding ground election ronald_reagan strongly supported presidential campaign reagan face conservative movement time choosing speech reagan reflected principles earlier run campaign washington_post columnist george took note writing voted believe won took years count votes leaving senate views cemented began criticize ventures like republican_party trying religious organization lobbied serve openly military opposed clinton administration plan health care reform supported abortion rights medicinal marijuana revealed early stages disease died age
Barry Goldwater presidential campaign, 1964