written book wheel called reading wheel type rotating designed allow person read variety heavy books location ease books rotated vertically similar motion water wheel opposed rotating flat table surface design originally appeared 16th century illustration time large books posed practical problems readers design influenced engineers obsolete modern artists historians history design commonly seen form invented italian military engineer presented designs diverse machine del ingenious machines captain ensure books remained constant angle incorporated arrangement complex device previously astronomical design elaborate likely understood gravity worked effectively wheel invented centuries later system allowed display mathematical prowess people build based design fact construct extent appreciated convenience versus aesthetic qualities remains matter speculation according modern american engineer described beautiful ingenious machine useful convenient anybody takes pleasure study especially reference condition mobility demonstrates appeal device allows access books seated notes illustration lacks space writing scholarly work wheel appropriate activity reading design commonly credited historians dispute device historian chinese technology stated revolving vertically oriented origins china thousand years design taken influence legacy early attempt solve problem managing increasingly numerous printed works typically large heavy time called earliest information devices considered precursor modern technologies readers allow readers store cross reference large amounts information french inventor proposed variations design contemporary times valued historical importance decorative appeal symbolic significance design recreated artists inspired blog turning book wheel mechanical concept gears book level later boat lift designer claims found independently
Bookwheel