english christian theologian archbishop_of_canterbury studied universities paris oxford later taught influenced theologian held england chancellor oxford_university elected canterbury early initially support edward later forceful opponent king archbishop encouraged resist edward attempts tax clergy opponent king treasurer clergy occasion abbot abbot suffered fatal heart attack following election royal clerk pope king able secure archbishop exile year succession edward son allowed return england new king petitioned pope allow return soon joined king enemies bishop object return king favourite died alleged happened tomb attempt declared saint unsuccessful early life studied taught universities paris oxford rector paris chancellor oxford paris read possibly met theology purely appointed canon london unclear exactly returned england held diocese london essex london diocese archbishop election archbishop_of_canterbury died december february elected successor unusually pope king hand election april left england rome papal confirmation consecrated immediately papal vacancy eventually performed ceremony september disputes edward fearless opponent swore oath edward offended king adding declaration swearing term archbishop refused allow edward tax clergy certain levels severe pressure change mind august offered king tenth ecclesiastical revenues edward hoped collect clergy war france money requested fund continued following year clergy making contributions following issue papal bull forbidding payment taxes secular power urged clergy refuse payments edward clergy province york paid tax fifth revenues edward declared refused pay ordered property seized conceded clergy return protection paid fine fifth revenues exactly northern clergy offered way taxation royal clergy paid fines march southern clergy met long debate instructed clerk decide pay fine appears chose pay archbishop refused contribution edward seized lands returned july king reconciled westminster tried edward objected edward tax demands irritated edward opposition king treasurer king upset archbishop abbot affected suffered fatal heart attack king briefly reconciled archbishop presided king second marriage margaret france canterbury vigorously asserted authority bishops pope sussex living pope exile return barons joined demanding reforms king parliament lincoln support claim protector scotland broke alliance reasons led archbishop ally barons hostility edward adviser king took action royal clerk named pope edward sent envoys pope press claim plotting suspended archbishop february left england went papal court stayed edward death july supported archbishop death edward new king asked restored pope agreed january soon return england early archbishop joined king enemies archbishop earl people object return new king favourite england aided barons prosecution sentencing enemies appointed died legacy preacher note preaching attracted large crowds lectures theological writings date primarily time delivered number sessions survive illustrate highly orthodox views method said worked tomb canterbury cathedral efforts declared saint unsuccessful
Robert Winchelsey