arabic given spelled military title spelled died northern palestine mid-19th century ottoman rule originally commander arab irregular soldiers known tribe service ottoman governors acre influence grew strengthened alliances powerful tribes recruited unemployed egypt band known tribe known men western travelers courageous charismatic qualities contributed rise facto ruler rule remained nominally service ottoman_empire paid protecting roads northern palestine raids maintaining security region tolls local population return ensuring security friendly ties european governments partially protection local christian jewish communities including protection occurred relationship authorities generally tense rebelled directly indirectly local representatives consequence relationship employment frequently terminated activities influence authorities reinstated services needed time death influence declined significantly buried stronghold palestine rule ottoman_empire early 16th century direct imperial administrative rule challenged series tribal leaders exhibited vast influence local affairs 17th 19th centuries ottoman_empire embroiled war power vacuum created area wake rule rule rule filled demise represented end local obstacle ottoman palestine early life family anecdotes provided writings european information life indirectly traces history man written war clergyman born family known later tribe actual unrelated tribe came palestine egypt egyptian rule palestine joined migrated egypt translates arabic indians referred inhabitants palestine dark skin related known tribe noted bravery according actually tribe lower egyptian desert region entered service based egypt late 18th century came northern palestine powerful acre based ottoman governor death arab named honor associate actual father commander service acre ottoman governors left egypt directly related tribes claimed descent matter convenience prestige originally hailed tribe modern day eastern libya likewise british consul jerusalem claims family north african origin resided married woman born couple area according historian born sons ali died power base consisted alliances tribes inhabited sides jordan river brother held substantial influence region sister english vice consul described detail banquet hunt invitation traveler witnessed lavish wedding son daughter plains married daughters chief paying highest registered time governor reported brother law consolidation influence like father served masters son egypt defected army joined local rebels peasants revolt egyptian conscription measures leading point revolt helped save village destroyed troops inhabitants paid protection revolt suppressed men left palestine sought protection region major tribes time strengthened relations tribes ottomans regained control palestine returned lower commissioned captain mounted recruited egyptian tribe left unemployed following egyptian withdrawal formidable local force chief known northern palestine command expanded horsemen known area group tribal composition mixed angered district governor acre intervention dispute factions catholic_church leaders catholic factions dismissed church subsequently entered protection requested unsuccessful decided matters hands raising group armed partisans church compelled restore employment believed backed actions accused recalled acre verbally dismissed service deeply insulted words actions subsequently left sought protection tribe secured alliance consecrated marriage woman tribe band raided areas sides invited acre sought allies activities pardoned given command lower commissioned overseeing region security particular successive governors acre entrusted protecting trade routes maintaining general security area successfully time unofficial tax collector northern palestine including tax collected behalf authorities tribute payment receive protection unofficial system proved successful local security later historians criticized akin protection encounter assisted expedition headed navy captain known united_states europe publication lynch book year vivid descriptions lynch quoted length works finn lynch encounter ottoman acre recorded follows especially attracted attention magnificent savage scarlet cloth richly gold soon thought graceful seen rich mellow olive hair glossy black teeth regular ivory eye keen times generally soft head wear sat opposite hand played unconscious familiarity looked like steel amid din arms wax fair meeting attempted dissuade lynch plans travel dead sea remarking eat lynch reply find difficult suggested hold influence tribes prepared pay trip meeting ended lynch pursued speak showed sword revolver examined declared devil invention lynch described weaponry disposal men asked thought sufficient journey jordan replied lynch later secured accompaniment trip intervention describing bold warrior admirable scout allies party attempted rob lynch party lynch record feat known europe rebellion imprisonment escape attracted membership local individuals small clans alliance powerful tribes region autonomy strengthened nominally subordinate ottoman authorities based fortress mixed muslim christian village acre previously fortified family ceased residing instead preferring traditional lifestyle dwelling livestock point ruled area dressed brown striped robes commissioned ottoman authorities prevent spread rebellion northern palestine successfully satisfied request aided allies assignments rebellion protection raiders supply route ottomans send ammunition troops men accomplished task successfully despite successes revolt authorities tense relationship grew wary strength subsequently arrested nighttime raid sent istanbul sea sent serve prison sentence fortress apparently loaned money latin patriarch jerusalem accompanied ship ride istanbul funds purchase fake passport passport disguise named escaped reached departed resumed lifestyle raiding nomadic dwelling battle time escape ottomans engaged war russian_empire left domestic security void provinces large number provincial troops deployed restore security reassigned powerful post region return palestine abandoned conscription orders serve war instead returned service charged protecting routes rural palestine occasionally commissioned collect taxes absence garrison based damascus left charge security commanded employment terminated scores ties tribal migrated levant result suppression egypt welcomed membership tribal band numbers subsequently consecrated relationship new arrivals marrying daughter defeated clan major clash ended territory based governor agreed request eliminate ottoman authorities ruling time sought vengeance terminating service complained governor committing collaborating tribes ottoman authority ottomans dependence decreased end war ottoman military forces area found request convenient way end growing autonomy visited pay respects governor traveled air sultan according american missionary bringing large heavily armed entourage forces amounting commanded sons curious deployment requested explanation acre received response concluded deployment conspiracy rule response assembled entire force amounting men marched troops arab tribes volunteered service declined participation march confronted allies horns near village sides armed swords spears lesser extent rifles modern weaponry ottoman military disposal initially battle going favor portion troops began flee brother led group surprise attack result forces dealt decisive blow commander fatalities battle victory entrenched rule afterward established stronger relations europeans victory ottoman authorities distanced incident correspondence accepted explanations grain salt september residing decided intervene stop tribal clashes events protection christians previously courted european powers secure protection christian jewish mount lebanon civil war anti christian animosity spread damascus christians muslim appeared violence spread acre issued direct orders acre muslim residents bring harm city christians stating sword violated orders protected christian community harm faced protection included warnings local tribes refrain assaulting town warnings christian muslim residents prepare militarily case attack maintained close friendship prominent greek orthodox resident town gratitude protecting christians acre napoleon iii france presented gun medal april aboard french vessel docked bay edward prince wales later king united_kingdom personally visited years later appreciation offered edward arabian horses edward declined token appreciation edward gave revolver protection local christians reputed origins drew comparisons exiled rebel saved christians harm riots damascus developed ties realized european protection strengthen position ottoman rulers courted french sending tiger present emperor french consul according finn special french consideration decline influence ottoman imperial government adopted modernization reforms originally entrusted enforcing new law land northern palestine measures stronger efforts suppress tribes decisively end raiding activities given orders prevent setting camps cultivated lands forbade collection tolls local inhabitants resigned post informed new assignment men required don ottoman uniforms objected requirement insisting accustomed wearing uniforms replaced compelled successor resign shortly resignation requirement uniforms canceled resumed assignment europeans disturbed ottomans relations acre deteriorating return palestine avoided setting foot city instead assigning resident representative engaged behalf launched complaints provincial governor misconduct men local protection extended pay services benefit interests including merchants travelers monks pilgrims christians jews proved unpopular large segments population revolt broke tribes launching raids countryside summer unable stop raids played role revolt response raids ottomans dispatched strong force soldiers damascus acre backed artillery presence artillery caused tribes retreat viewed deployment attack jurisdiction issued resignation protest hoping reject resignation end jewish french consul lobby behalf success content elimination local power accepted resignation resigning left tell region time married daughter leading area raiding participation smaller tribes resumed long resignation concerns local merchants european voiced incoming harvest season cotton grain sought stem tide looting attempting play tribe doubtful policy effectiveness use military force instead personally led contingent troops ensured peaceful harvest end determined large permanent military contingent decided position lobbying british consul successor resumed operations sought establish eastern heavily armed forts raiding entered conflict governor member family tried arrest dismissed end year fearing arrest death light ottomans subsequent deployment presence military forces acre western fled salt area later moved egypt lobbied ottoman government behalf given permission return subsequently inhabited area despite return government salary able restore semi autonomous authority region late awarded medal honor dynasty austro hungarian empire death legacy died death erroneously recorded occurred according died vicinity buried previous headquarters early 1980s descendants inhabited son succeeded chief continued inhabit vicinity late 19th century tribe members based northern donned honor cross given father european governments influence strength region diminished gradually suppressed ottoman actors eventually reducing tribe son successor entered ottoman service held title like early 20th century held equivalent rank lieutenant served commander police nearly decades major local power northern palestine asserted tribal land belonged arabs day turkish ottoman according finn ultimately envisioned forming arab confederation southern levant independent ottomans backed france despite perceived intentions ruled auspices ottoman authorities paid partially dependent support ties france europe contributed power lacked necessary support countries pursue desire independence death marked removal obstacle implementation centralized ottoman rule northern palestine according historian ottoman realized local powers permanently lost influence region development power instead passed wealthy businessmen ultimately leaving family new masters according factors attributes failure secure autonomous rule similar arab refusal accept life frequently functioned headquarters sorts permanent residence instead served symbol authority remarked disgrace till ground like nomadic lifestyle ran counter modernization efforts ottomans strongly encouraged settlement land processes eventually embraced urban resisted tribes traditional risk asserts contributed little socio economic development palestine peasants described positive light modern day sources local tradition arab nationalist political atmosphere followed ottoman_empire fall arab identity struggles ottomans contributed prevailing positive commemoration life palestinian christians particular remember protecting christians rule
Aqil Agha