portrait painting scotland portrait painting scotland includes forms painted scotland beginnings early sixteenth century present day origins tradition portrait painting scotland renaissance particularly contacts netherlands portrait named person survives archbishop probably painted scottish artist flemish techniques period scottish monarchs turned recording royal panel portraits painted wood tradition royal portrait painting scotland probably disrupted minorities underwent sixteenth century began flourish reformation paintings royal figures nobles netherlands artists specific type scottish picture era portrait designed alive memory removed major source artistic patronage scotland court moved london result seen shift crown castle nobility local major sources patronage significant scottish portrait artist successful painters reign trained baroque artist period length portrait highland dress common form painting emerged leading scottish portrait painter generation like scottish painters note late eighteenth century migrated london painted figures early enlightenment edinburgh established leading portrait painter scottish nobility undertook portraits major figures scottish enlightenment later focused royal portraits anticipating grand manner early portraits particularly women formal intimate leading portrait painter second half century significant artist pursue entire career scotland subjects went nobility middle classes pupils included brothers william alexander brothers founded new_york andrew leading scottish day generation painters followed included influential british artists century mid nineteenth century portrait painting miniature declined art photography began influence painting major figures worked came prominence second half century included twentieth century away painting decline portrait painting artists continued pursue included second half twentieth century saw general movement representation leading scottish intellectuals 1960s artists associated known new glasgow boys included parallel movement edinburgh focused gallery city included sixteenth century origins tradition portrait painting scotland renaissance began reach scotland fifteenth century portraits given important role renaissance society valued objects depictions success status scotland particularly contacts netherlands generally considered centre painting products connections included fine portrait lord chancellor bishop founder university painted earliest representations named scottish subject survive probably painted scots artist flemish techniques oil wood time scottish monarchs like england turned recording royal panel portraits painted wood form political expression england monarchy model portraits royalty copies versions native royal portraits survive generally crude continental standards paid delivery portraits tudor household named stayed scotland paint king new bride following year flemish painter usually worked london flemish painter called piers apprentice antwerp painter der brought scotland trading agent september details known work assistance painting costumes tournaments king gave salary accommodation likely piers portraits court piers returned flanders july references royal accounts tradition royal portrait painting scotland probably disrupted minorities underwent sixteenth century majority probably concerned architectural expressions royal identity scots brought french court drawn painted major european artists commission adult portraits exception joint portrait second husband lord reflected historic scottish pattern display elaborate tomb considered important portrait began flourish reformation mid sixteenth century anonymously painted portraits important individuals including 4th earl artists low countries remained important court painter painted number scottish subjects wedding portraits commemorating brief marriage earl painted 1st earl years later painted joint portrait young brother lord master commissioned portraits netherlands family portrait specific type scottish picture era portrait designed alive memory examples include memorial portrait shows young kneeling murdered father tomb life size portrait corpse showing wounds received 2nd earl killed 1st attempt produce series portraits scottish kings panel portraits probably royal entry year old medieval form personal reign renaissance forms began dominate employed flemish artists early left visual record king major figures court removed major source artistic patronage scotland court moved london result seen shift crown castle nobility local major sources patronage seventeenth century seventeenth century fashion spread social order son adrian probably trained netherlands working england painted portrait 3rd earl sons wife daughters significant native artist having trained netherlands successful portrait painters reign trained baroque artist studied rome wright painted scottish english subjects including sensitive portrait architect styled king painter length painting lord murray highland dress early example standard format scottish portrait commonwealth period saw emergence mainly noted portrait leader important worked mainly painted portraits oil visiting artists included commissioned paint images kings similar work castle glorious revolution wright fell favour royal court flemish spanish painter came scotland leading scottish portrait painter generation best known works group oval bust lengths including self portrait trained son john leading scottish portrait painter generation migrated london point late eighteenth century scottish painters note followed eighteenth century born great grandson portrait painter studied london rome returning scotland younger contemporary studied rome worked north east home city painted figures early enlightenment edinburgh alexander best known work included portrait lord edinburgh responsible creation new town edinburgh shown background painting work included portrait bank chief whig depicted recently forbidden highland dress sympathies alexander forced leave continent rebellion rome living painting return years later studied sweden london italy basing edinburgh established leading portrait painter scottish nobility undertook portraits major figures scottish enlightenment including friend philosopher visiting second visit italy moved london ordinary focused royal portraits presented king ambassadors colonial governors intimate works like children work seen anticipating grand manner early portraits particularly women formal intimate studies leading portrait painter second half century significant artist pursue entire career scotland born edinburgh returning trip italy famous intimate portraits leading figures scottish life going aristocracy lawyers doctors professors writers ministers adding elements tradition knight king painter marking return post associated production art pupils included brothers william alexander william went found new_york andrew leading scottish day associated end career nineteenth century generation painters followed trained london returning home president influence seen work including girl drawing large group portrait children earl nurse followed president academy nephew studied painted portraits leading cultural figures series portraits commissioned worked mainly london produced painting king george highland dress commemorating royal visit scotland set international fashion succeeding emerge influential british artists century produced landscapes portraits scottish subjects including finally moved london born glasgow worked city playing important painting figures pursue careers largely based glasgow included moved edinburgh election president academy mid nineteenth century portrait painting declined art partly advent photography record human face greater ease commissions miniature particular intimate largely replaced originally took interest photography means able record figures composite painted portrait founding fathers art photography portrait photography inherited conventions painting photography began influence painting 1840s work began influenced early photography cool light muted colours seen length portrait major figures worked came prominence second half century included scottish president london educated london forerunner trend education common scottish artists later nineteenth century significant grouping late nineteenth century scotland glasgow boys mainly focused landscape influenced leading continental artists day broke victorian convention number artists identified group came support portrait painting including belfast born twentieth century present twentieth century away painting continued decline portrait painting significant group scottish artists emerge twentieth century members 1920s described scottish modern artists major mechanism post reached scotland number emerged significant painter lives single figure compositions particularly interior backdrops moving closer significant movement known referenced classical forms particularly ironic self portrait romance draws close friend portraits young girl september sunlight use interior natural light work painted number girls interior settings similar theme distant feel seen read commentary commentary transition childhood second half twentieth century saw general movement representation european art concentrated labelled description scottish realism leading scottish intellectuals 1960s work included poet pub shows leading figures scottish twentieth century intellectual life grouped poet artists associated came prominence 1980s known new glasgow boys glasgow pups included strongly influenced painting came prominence early 1980s combined art social commentary parallel movement edinburgh focused gallery city included
Portrait painting in Scotland