castle ruined castle village castle built old roman fort protect key route mountains initial bailey castle attacked destroyed scots great revolt henry_ii rebuilt war square constructed rest castle converted stone family took possession second barons war built tower undertook sequence renovations castle creating fortification typical northern english style held christmas feast castle major fire broke destroying property castle remained abandoned restored property northern country homes fire broke rendering castle went sharp decline stripped fittings stonework castle masonry began collapse given state run english_heritage tourist attraction listed building scheduled monument 11th century castle built site roman fort acre fortification occupied 5th century site protected pass stretched roman road connecting street valuable trading route period following norman conquest england subdued north country sequence harsh campaigns north west region contested border territory scottish kings william son invaded north west built castle placing north old roman fort order use existing earthworks similar way nearby lancaster north site castle appears bailey design stone foundations main structure built timber rest fort turned bailey village created alongside castle time form planned settlement norman low lands region 12th century region continued disputed kings england scotland invaded great revolt rule henry_ii william army struck south failed moved attack instead failed successfully took turning attention guarded knights strong resistance william took outer defences besieged threatening execute garrison castle surrendered set fire forcing surrender garrison including knight according chronicler fought spears wooden stakes finally overwhelmed william destroyed remaining defences castle flemish mercenary troops henry_ii forces defeated william battle castle recovered later year henry_ii square stone constructed rebuilt remains castle placed bailey wall allowing directly support outer defences conducted work king john converting castle entirely stone 13th 15th centuries king john granted including robert enlarged castle order exert authority region competing control members extended family king john briefly entrusted captive niece eleanor custody robert robert died leaving substantial debts crown passing castle young son john son guardian appointed prior run estate castle left fall ruin john died supporting rebels lands divided daughters inherited eastern estates gave lands roger married acquiring lands beginning long period control castle successfully estates able controlled valley castles controlled improved defences rebuilding east wall constructing new hall alongside apartments located new circular tower called apartments similar surviving castle built robert robert died fighting scots battle region castle attacked causing significant damage neighbouring time village established road overlooked castle attempt possibilities profits trade valley acquired royal charter rapidly overtaken main settlement area roger fifth baron decided modify castle partially improve defences roger conducted work castles area rebuilt south wall reconstructed living accommodation replacing existing hall fashionable floor hall chamber block converted use old hall converted solar exception tower renovations reflected popular architectural style castles north england time stressing square lines towers preference shapes prevalent south bailey time gatehouse reinforced buttresses additional courtyard built bailey possibly wars roses rival houses supported thomas died followed son john temporarily seized john son henry restored lands 16th 17th centuries castle fire broke lavish christmas feast destroying parts castle henry died shortly castle remained ruined years castle restored 17th century major landowner family retired north years commonwealth english civil war anne royalist protected powerful friends ruling parliamentary faction able enjoy properties freely rebuilt number castles including conducted restoration work anne undertook work estates aiming restore condition anne familiar contemporary styles restoration work traditional approach drawing existing northern castle architecture deliberately trying recreate 12th century features work new windows ground floor entrance new service accommodation installed allow live late 17th century lifestyle castle anne renamed roman tower belief built romans divided time castle living castle apartments work progressed able spend christmas castle time fire struck castle rendering aftermath remaining buildings bailey converted use law court anne died castle 18th 21st centuries anne daughter margaret married earl john son thomas stripped castle support reconstruction sold stone plundered use construction castle subsequently completely abandoned south west corner partially collapsed south west corner collapsed castle owner lord gave property work ruins carried castle listed building ancient monument eventually passed control english_heritage tourist attraction initial archaeological excavations site work erosion continues threat castle masonry english_heritage considered castle condition declining parts particular risk
Brough Castle