species fungus family formally described long time considered species similar molecular analysis reported demonstrated genetically distinct common coastal northern california recorded mexico saprobic species usually found fruit bodies mushrooms white caps orange red orange brown center measure wide cream colored light pink stems long thick ring distinguished similar species differences habitat microscopic characteristics species described new science mycologist collected type material growing near near california december decided species called morgan opinion later studied type collection concluded microscopic characteristics molecular analysis based comparing dna sequences internal region mycologist determined despite lack distinguishing micro morphological characteristics species distinct epithet refers chestnut colored center cap means description fruit bodies white bell shaped convex caps diameter orange reddish pale orange brown center mature specimens fade lose reddish shades cap surface develops small pale pink cream patches especially zone white background arranged gills somewhat crowded moderately distant typically length gills tiers interspersed short gills extend fully cap margin stem slightly measuring wide white fringed irregular edge whitish young cream colored age free gill attachment stem stem long thick cylindrical slightly widened base hollow color pinkish lower reddish damaged especially older specimens flesh whitish cream tones reddish brown mature specimens ring points upward young specimens maturity remnants left stem sharp odor similar rubber liver oil mushroom known poisonous consumption recommended risk possible confusion species contain deadly smooth spores view triangular spurred base frontal view typically measure blue shows somewhat cystidia gill edge cheilocystidia club shaped somewhat spherical stem dimensions basidia spored absent gill edge pleurocystidia cystidia gill face absent cap cuticle lengthened cells arranged elements different lengths measuring outer covering stem comprises layer hyphae measuring wide clamp connections present hyphae parts fungus similar species closely resembles commonly confused rounded cap lacks pinkish brown orange brown widely distributed prefers habitats natural cover disturbed humans beds rivers creeks contrast found natural habitats similar species similar habitats confused include contrast species ellipsoid spores fruit bodies appear november april grow scattered groups usually lacks reddish color center cap associated spores long dimensions rare species widely distributed united_states reported ohio michigan addition california fruits usually december april mushroom readily distinguished dark brown brown color cap center habitat distribution saprobic fungus fruit bodies appear late fall winter november february grow near mixed coast live oak forests fungus common coastal northern california found northern limit distribution southern british_columbia recorded far south mexico
Lepiota castaneidisca