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Given the following text description, write Python code to implement the functionality described below step by step
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Description:
 Python fundamentals, part 2
Importing modules, indentation, if statements, for loops.
Importing modules
You can import modules into your script -- snippets of Python code that give you access to additional functionality or variables -- from
Step1:  Indentation
Whitespace matters in Python. Sometimes you'll need to indent bits of code to make things work. This can be confusing! (FWIW, Jupyter will try to be helpful and insert the correct amount of "significant whitespace" for you.) You can use tabs or spaces, just don't mix them. The Python style guide recommends indenting your code in groups of four spaces, so that's what we'll use today.
if statements
Just like in Excel, you can use the "if" keyword to handle conditional logic.
These statements begin with the key word if (lowercase), then the condition to evaluate, then a colon, then a new line with a block of indented code to execute if the condition resolves to True.
Step2:  You can also add an else statement (and a colon) with an indented block of code you want to run if the condition resolves to False.
Step3:  If you need to, you can add multiple conditions with elif.
Step4:  for loops
Use a for loop to iterate over a collection of things. The statement begins with the keyword for (lowercase) variable_name in collection_to_iterate, then a colon, then the indented block of code with instructions about what to do with each item in the collection.
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Python Code:
# import the csv module from the Python standard library
# https://docs.python.org/3/library/csv.html
import csv
# import the BeautifulSoup class from the (external) bs4 package
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
# import variables from a local file, my_module.py
# alias to `mm` using the `as` keyword
import my_module as mm
# access bits of the module with a period .
print(mm.charlie)
Explanation: Python fundamentals, part 2
Importing modules, indentation, if statements, for loops.
Importing modules
You can import modules into your script -- snippets of Python code that give you access to additional functionality or variables -- from:
- the Python standard library, which is part of the Python installation package
- from your own Python files
- and from third-party developers using a tool called pip.
A collection of modules is usually referred to as a "package" or "library."
For this class, we've pre-installed five external libraries: jupyter, bs4, requests, matplotlib and geopy.
End of explanation
if 4 < 6:
    print('4 is less than 6')
Explanation: Indentation
Whitespace matters in Python. Sometimes you'll need to indent bits of code to make things work. This can be confusing! (FWIW, Jupyter will try to be helpful and insert the correct amount of "significant whitespace" for you.) You can use tabs or spaces, just don't mix them. The Python style guide recommends indenting your code in groups of four spaces, so that's what we'll use today.
if statements
Just like in Excel, you can use the "if" keyword to handle conditional logic.
These statements begin with the key word if (lowercase), then the condition to evaluate, then a colon, then a new line with a block of indented code to execute if the condition resolves to True.
End of explanation
if 4 > 6:
    print('4 is greater than 6?!')
else:
    print('4 is not greater than 6.')
Explanation: You can also add an else statement (and a colon) with an indented block of code you want to run if the condition resolves to False.
End of explanation
HOME_SCORE = 6
AWAY_SCORE = 8
if HOME_SCORE > AWAY_SCORE:
    print('we won!')
elif HOME_SCORE == AWAY_SCORE:
    print('we tied!')
else:
    print('we lost!')
Explanation: If you need to, you can add multiple conditions with elif.
End of explanation
# let's import a list of ingredients for pico de gallo
from my_module import pico_ingredients as pi
# print the list to see what's there
print(pi)
# now use a `for` loop to iterate over the list and print each item
# ("ingredient" is an arbitrary variable name)
for ingredient in pi:
    print(ingredient)
# you can also iterate over a dictionary
# let's import our puppy
from my_module import charlie
# the iterable element in a dictionary is the key
# so I like to use that as my variable
# --> remember! order is not guaranteed in a dict
for key in charlie:
    print(key, charlie[key])
# lots of things are iterable -- you can even loop over the characters in a string!
name = 'Cody Winchester'
for letter in name:
    print(letter)
Explanation: for loops
Use a for loop to iterate over a collection of things. The statement begins with the keyword for (lowercase) variable_name in collection_to_iterate, then a colon, then the indented block of code with instructions about what to do with each item in the collection.
End of explanation
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