What is Metabolic Disease?

by Jessica Thueson, July 14, 2020

Metabolic disease, also called metabolic syndrome is a term used to describe several risk factors which increase the risk of heart disease, diabetes, stroke, and other health issues.1, 2 The presence of three or more of these factors is considered to be metabolic syndrome. These risk factors include:1, 2

  • Abdominal obesity (waist measurement of 35+ inches for women, and 40+ for men)

  • High triglyceride level (150+ mg/dL)

  • Low HDL cholesterol (less than 50 mg/dL for women, and less than 40 mg/dL for men)

  • High blood pressure (at least 130/85 mmHg)

  • High fasting blood sugar (100+ mg/dL)

Some people take medicines that affect weight, blood sugar, blood pressure, and cholesterol levels. These medicines can increase the risk of developing metabolic syndrome.2

Other factors that can increase the risk of metabolic syndrome include: age, genetics, being overweight or obese, having a sedentary lifestyle, smoking, and the presence of polycystic ovary syndrome in women.1, 2

Those with metabolic syndrome often see excessive blood clotting and inflammation. Metabolic syndrome rises with obesity in adults. It is estimated that metabolic syndrome may overtake smoking as the biggest risk factor for heart disease.1

Changes to diet and lifestyle habits have the biggest effect on treating and preventing the factors contributing to metabolic syndrome.1, 2 In addition, some medications may be used to reduce cholesterol levels, blood pressure, or blood clotting. A dietitian nutritionist works with your primary care physician to determine the best treatment course for you.

1. https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health-topics/metabolic-syndrome

2. https://medlineplus.gov/metabolicsyndrome.html