When such words do appear in the plural, they are           But, before reading Noun and Case, we should study
used as common nouns.                                        the case of Pronoun.
     For example,                                                Nominative          Accusative       Possessive
     Kindnesses = acts of kindness.                              We                  us               our/ours
     Provocations = instances or cases of provocation.           I                   me               my/mine
     (b) There are also some names of substances or mate-        He                  him              his
rials which are never used in plurals. They are called Ma-       She                 her              her/hers
terial Nouns.                                                    You                 you              your/yours
     For example,                                                They                them             their/theirs
          Copper, iron, tin, wood etc.                           Who                 whom             whose
     But, when these words are used in the plural, they         1. After let pronouns are used in Accusative Case.
become Common nouns and also, their meanings are                 For example,
changed.                                                           Let we read thoroughly.                      —wrong
     For example,                                                  Let us read thoroughly.                     —correct
          Coppers — copper coins.                                  Let them, her and we go there.               —wrong
          Irons — fetters.                                         Let them, her and us go there.              —correct
          Tins — cans made of tin.                              2. After preposition pronoun is used in Accusative Case.
          Woods — forests.                                       For example,
                                                                   There is a nice relation between she and I. —wrong
                            CASE                                   There is a nice relation between her and me.
     There are four kinds of CASE :                             3. After than pronoun should be used in Nominative
     1. Nominative              2. Accusative                      case.
     3. Possessive              4. Dative                        For example,
     If Noun or Pronoun is used as the subject, it is called            Ram is better than her.                 —wrong
Nominative case.                                                        Ram is better than she.                —correct
     For example,                                                  But, Ram runs faster than she/her           —correct
          She is reading.
                                                                   [As helping verb is not used in comparative degree]
                                                                4. After if, pronoun is used in Nominative Case.
                                                             For example,
          Mohan is walking
                                                                        If I were him I would have gone.        —wrong
                                                                        If I were he I would have gone.       —correct.
     If noun or pronoun is used as the object, it is called                  Use of the Possessive Case
Accusative case.                                                1. To the end of a si ngul ar Noun we put —"s
     For example,                                                  (apostrophe) for Possessive Case :
          I like her.                                            For example,
                   ̄                                                     Rajiv"s book, Meena"s mother, President"s
            Accusative                                             bodyguard.
          That is Anjali.                                       2. —s ending plural nouns take only (’)
                       ̄                                          For example,
                  Accusative                                            Boys" hostel., Girls" school.
     If the possession or the relation of noun is expressed,       But,
it is called Possessive Case.
                                                                        Women"s college, Men"s competition, Children"s
     For example,
          Rahul"s book.
                                                                3. In compound nouns, we use possessive with the
                ̄                                                   last term.
                                                                 For example,
          Sharukh"s brother.
                                                                        Commander-in-chief"s order
                    ̄                                                    Mother-in-law"s house
                                                                        Father-in-law"s problem
     If Noun or pronoun is called or addressed, it is called
Dative case.                                                            Engineer-in-chiefs" office
     For example,                                                       Brother-in-law"s wife.
          John, read mindly.                                    4. If possessive is used before than, it should be used
               ̄                                                    after than.
          Dative                                                 For example,
          Come here, Seema.                                        Ravi"s sister is more beautiful than Karan. —wrong
                           ̄                                        Ravi"s sister is more beautiful than Karan"s.
                         Dative                                                                               —correct.