Agents Of Socialization Essay


Agents of socialization essay is a very interesting topic. Individuals, groups, as well as social institutions through which socialization occurs, are called agents of socialization.

Agents of socialization, being in direct interaction with a person, play a crucial role in how a person grows, how his formation will pass. In sociological literature, the term "agent of socialization" also means the channels that ensure the socialization of man. For example, in relation to children and adolescents, socialization agents are parents, brothers and sisters, relatives, peers, neighbors, teachers. In youth, the number of agents also includes a spouse, colleagues, friends, and so on. By their role in socialization, agents differ depending on how important they are to a person, how they build interaction with them, in what direction and by what means they influence the individual. In this case, among individuals of different ages, socialization is bi-directional. Not only the older generation conveys norms and values ​​to young people, but also young people, adapting easily to the changed social conditions, teach the elders.

Since socialization is divided into two types - primary and secondary, its agents are divided into primary and secondary.

Primary agents of socialization are the immediate environment of the individual - parents, close and distant relatives, family friends, peers, teachers, personal trainers, family doctors, leaders of youth groups, sports, and in modern times, such primary socialization agents as the media, including the Internet, etc. Among the agents of primary socialization, a special role is played by parents and peer friends. Parents want their child to be like adults, and from peers, he learns to be a child. Parents punish him for erroneous decisions, misdemeanors, violation of moral principles, norms of conduct. The peers carry out an important function: they facilitate the transition from the state of child addiction to adulthood, they teach to be a leader, to achieve domination over others, that is, what parents can not teach. Therefore, parents often look at their peers as competitors in the struggle for influence in the process of socializing their children. and collected the most interesting information for you!

The family is the most important agent of socialization, since it constitutes the first and closest social environment of the child. It is with the help of the family that the child fits into the society. The family will give him a name and include it in a pedigree that goes back several generations to the past. Thus, it is in the family that the primary social essence of the individual is formed. The social position of parents determines the social status of the child during the first 20 years of his life. The profession of parents determines the cultural and educational level of the family. In the family, the child gets acquainted with the rules of behavior in society and communication with other people, with gender role stereotypes, and the process of sexual identification is under way.

At the same time, the family is the social institution that can have a negative impact on the process of socialization. Low social status of parents, alcoholism, conflicts and strife, their subordinate position at work, social exclusion, incompleteness of the family (absence of one of the parents), cruel treatment of parents with children - all these factors leave an imprint on the character, world outlook and social behavior of the child.

The causes of the growth of depression in the teenage environment are associated with a variety of factors, including the family's financial distress, and conflict relations in the family and with others, and hereditary predisposition. The development of this disease in adolescents can lead to a tragic outcome - suicide.

Thus, it is the family that is in the center of all problems related to the mental, physical and social health of young people. Of course, there is no direct rigid connection here, as socialization depends on other agents, as well as the personal qualities of the individual, the inherent features of his personality and other circumstances. Therefore, children subjected to severe punishments may grow sadistic, but can become humane people, active fighters with cruelty.

Sport as an agent of socialization has a positive impact on the formation of a physically and spiritually healthy personality. According to the researchers, sport should be given more attention in the context of its socializing function. The reasons why children do not pay enough attention to physical activities are numerous, and among them: congestion in school and, correspondingly, lack of time, low sports motivation of children, lack of sports sections in the area of ​​residence.

The development of sport in society and the strengthening of its position as an agent of socialization of the younger generation constitute one of the most important areas for the improvement of society. It is known that sport gives the life of a person a healthy regime, charges it with energy and requires restrictions on sporting practices in negative style habits (drinking, smoking, etc.). In short, sports discipline personality, form will power, purposefulness and purposefulness, and is a pledge of a person's healthy mental activity, vivacity and cheerfulness. The process of socialization through sport differs from the process of socialization in the family and the school, forming a positive orientation towards maintaining, consolidating and broadcasting certain social values ​​and attitudes that form a culture of self-preserving behavior vital for modern youth.

The school as an agent of socialization is fundamentally different from the family in the fact that it is an emotionally neutral environment where the child is treated not as the only and beloved, but objectively, in accordance with his real qualities. At school, the child learns in practice what competition is, success and failure, learns to overcome difficulties, or gets used to giving up before them. In the school period of socialization, the child develops self-esteem, which in many cases remains with him for life. Because the school is part of a larger social system, it usually reflects a dominant culture with its values ​​and prejudices. Thus, the French sociologist P. Bourdieu showed that for the child, a serious obstacle in the school is the belonging of parents to an unprestigious class, an unrewarding profession, poverty, etc. At school, a child begins to understand what social injustice is.Find out more about us!

Socialization in the process of education in the family and the school has a dual character - not only regulated and purposeful, but also uncontrollable and spontaneous. Of course, in the classroom, important knowledge is acquired, many of which have immediate social significance. However, the student learns not only the material of the lesson and not only those social rules that are declared by the teacher in the process of education and upbringing. The pupil enriches his social experience by actually experiencing or observing the experience of social interaction between teachers and students both among themselves and within the social group. This experience can be both positive, i.e. Coincide with the goals of education (in this case, it lies in the mainstream of a purposeful socialization of the individual), and negative.

The Internet as an agent for the socialization of young people has a strong impact on the person and his moral state: the virtual world into which a young person enters, gives him additional freedom to express his emotions, feelings, life positions, moods, views, overcome various kinds of internal and external conflicts, Arising in real life in family relationships, relationships with peers. The Internet, strengthening the process of mediated communication, has an impact on the mental state of the individual in terms of the formation of Internet addiction.

Special attention should be paid to such a problem of influence on the socialization of the individual, as the spread of games with elements of violence in the global networks. In particular, there are cases when teenagers, under the influence of these brutal network games shot their classmates. Thus, the environment functioning in global networks is able to exert a significant influence on the formation of negative psychological and behavioral attitudes of adolescents, which actualizes the reference to the basic agents of socialization, primarily the family.

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