The Major Events of the Rebellion By: Valerie Live Tan

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The Major Events of the Rebellion By: Valerie Live Tan

Brief Biography Of William Lyon MackenzieWilliam Lyon Mackenzie was a Scottish-born publisher and journalist who was elected to the legislative assembly, then expelled for writing libels against his enemies. He strongly believed that revolution was the only answer to the unfairness of the lieutenant governor and his support to the Family Compact, so, he organized his own rebellion to start the revolution he hoped for. He led the most extreme faction, which was also an illegal rebellion against the crown.

The Battle of Saint-Eustache (Lower Canada)

In the late 1837, Mackenzie soon gave up on a peaceful reform, and encouraged his supported to take up arms. In early December of 1837, his supporters had begun gathering at Montgomery’s Tavern. He supporters were only a group of farmers, workers, and unemployed people who used a variety of rifles, clubs shot guns, and clubs. Even though they had perseverance and determination on their side, they weren’t as good as the militia and regular troops defending Toronto. The troops may have done better if they had been able to surprise the militia and regular troops defending Toronto, but Mackenzie waited for three more days for more troops to arrive and help support and fight in the battle od Toronto. This not only gave Mackenzie more time, but Sir Francis Bond Head, the lieunant governer more time to organize his troops to defend Toronto. Then, in early December, Mackenzie led his troops and supporters south along Young Street to eventually meet the troops who were defending the city. In a few short minutes, the rebels knew they were defeated. They knew they were outgunned, and soon fled in panic. As for Mackenzie , he fled to the countryside, and crossed the U.S. border, where he lived until 1849. After the government gave a pardon to any rebellions in 1849, and returned to Toronto.

Sir John Colborne, commander of the British army, led a force of 1200 regular troops against an armed patriote camp at Saint Eustache. The rebels tried defending themselves in buildings such as a catholic church, but they were no match for the army which it had 100 rebels killed, and many taken as prisoners. This proved that the rebels did not have to power to take over the army.

The Battle of Saint-Denis and Saint-Charles (Lower Canada)

Fighting broke out in Lower Canada in November of 1837. Armed patriote supporters captured a seigneur’s manor, and an army under the command of lieutenant-Governer Francis Gore couldn’t recapture the manor. The army had to surrender which was a win for the rebels. Two days later at Saint Charles, and army troop went to a patriote camp , and killed many of its defenders. This battle showed of the government’s determination to stop the rebellion.

Hunters’ Lodges

Many Americans living near the border though that if the rebellions won, it would be a British defeat, so many Americans we anxious to help the rebels, and rebels who had fled to the U.S., started organizing groups to invade Lower and Upper Canada. In Upper Canada, theses societies were called the Hunters’ lodge, and in Lower Canada these societies were called the frères chasseurs. Many American members had joined, in fact by the mid-1838, there were 40 000 to 60 000 members in the societies. They had mounted many invasion, but they were defeated at Windsor, and Prescott in Upper Canada, and Napierville, Lacolle, and Odelltown in Lower Canada.

The Major Events of the Rebellion of 1837-1838

Brief Biography

A video telling you more about the rebellion of 1837-1838 in Lower and Upper Canada

This is a picture of what battle looked like in the battle of Saint Denis

Causes of the Rebellion

The Rebellion in Upper Canada

-There was a wide spread crop failures in 1837-The international economic down turn of the 1830s -The council’s land granting policies- The council’s control of the clergy reserves in the province-The council’s control of revenue expenses-An executive not responsible to the elected assembly-The council’s control of the provincial civil service -The legislative assembly, which was the elected assembly, had less power than the legislative council which was appointed by the lieutenant governer-An increase of immigration from the British Isles-An outbreak of Cholera-The Patriotes began boycotting british goodsThe Roman Catholic Clegy had always opposed violence

This is a picture of William Lyon Mackenzie, leader of the rebellion, writer of libels, and who led the most extreme faction.

This is a picture of Mackenzie's troops who were a ragged band of farmers, workers, and enemployed people.

This picture is of Mackenzie and his troops marching down Young Street to eventually meet the troops defending Tornoto.

Mackenzie was luckier than two of his key supporter, Samuel Lount and Peter Mattews who had been captured, convicted as traitors, and was hung.

This is a picture of the Patriotes taking refuge in a church, but the British army had set it on fire.

For some texts, don't forget to scroll down.

Here is some backround music to help you visualize what was happening at the time.

The Rebellion in Lower Canada

Louis-Joseph Papineau was the leader in Lower Canada's rebellion, like Mackenzie was in Upper Canada. He believed that the elected assembly should have more power than the people who were appointed. He traveled to England to persuade the British to change Canada's government, but they refused, so in 1834, he published the Ninety-Two resolutions, which listed their demands. Then came the Russell Resolutions which stated that change was useless, and it was obvious the British didn't want to change their ways, so some of Papineau's supporters had organized a rebellion and called themselves the Patriotes.

Bibliographic Information

1. Pearson Canadian History Textbook2. 8.'s_Tavern.jpg9.


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