﻿ Columbia: population, area, capital, cities ...


Description of Columbia

Columbia is approximately twice the size of France and offers a large diversity of cultures and landscapes that are difficult to find even in countries that are much larger. The country in every right should be a popular travel destination. 

Choose a climate and you will find it here. Bogota offers weather where you might need a light jacket. If you find this to be too cold you can drive an hour through the mountains and go sunbathing at a hacienda. You can also visit one of the inland jungles found in the country, climb a snow capped volcano, or visit the lush valleys, endless plains, rocky deserts, the alpine lakes, coffee plantations, or relax on the deserted beaches. 

Bogota might just be the leader of Latin America for indie rock, experimental theater, as well as the number of bookstores. You will also find a huge Latin music scene featuring both cumbia and salsa. The large Carnival of Barranquilla offers the most exciting display of dance in the country.

Columbia has coastlines on both the Caribbean sea and the North pacific ocean. It lies south of Panama and controls the land access from central to South America. Columbia shares borders with Peru, Brazil, Venezuela and Ecuador as well as Panama. It was named to honor Christopher Columbus even though Columbus did not ever actually set foot in the land that is currently the territory of Columbia. 

It is definitely worthwhile to travel to Columbia. Bogota offers a temperate climate sitting at 2600 meters above sea level with temperatures that are constantly 19 degrees Celsius. A short drive in any direction will lead you to many diverse landscapes. There are historic towns and city centers as well as energetic modern party destinations, plains that stretch beyond the horizon, deserts, beaches, and jungles full of fauna and flora. Anything that you want to see or do in the country you should be able to find.


Columbia was first inhabited by several indigenous cultures such as the Tayrona and the Muisca. The area that is now the country of Columbia was colonized by Spain when the America’s were first “discovered” by the Europeans. Colonization of the area changed the social structure of the area drastically and through diseases and wars that were brought to the area, the population of indigenous groups shrank dramatically and since that time the numbers of these groups has dwindled drastically. 

Spain brought over African slaves and European settlers. The majority of the population was a mix of Spanish and indigenous peoples. In 1810, the country won its independence from Spain. Columbia was one of the 5 countries that Simon Bolivar liberated. The other countries were Bolivia, Peru, Venezuela, and Ecuador. Panama, Venezuela, Ecuador, and Columbia formed Republic of Columbia. In the year 1830 both Ecuador and Venezuela declared independence from Columbia. Panama declared independence in 1903 from Columbia. There were several civil wars that occurred in the area after these declarations of independence. 

These conflicts as well as other social issues combined with repression against many of the more rural communities as well as polarization that was caused by a Cold War ended with the communist insurgent from the FARC. During these years of conflict there was a heavy amount of fighting among the guerrillas, right wing paramilitaries, Columbian military and state, and the drug cartels. This fighting resulted in the country earning a bad reputation.

Since the year 2002, safety in the country has improved a great deal. There are still some travel warnings in place for visiting certain areas of the country, but overall millions of people visit Columbia each year with very little concern.

Things to See and Do 

As mentioned, the country has a vast terrain and landscape. There are plenty of things to see and to do while you are visiting Columbia. The country is well-known for its nightlife as the people of the country love to dance and are happy to show you how. 

You can find several groups that offer eco-tourism. You can find several trekking plans available with day trips and other special trips to different areas of the country. Make sure that you ask your guide for official certification. 

There are numerous places to stay throughout the country including several great bed and breakfasts that are up to the western standard. You can also find five star hotels and hostels. You may also find apartments to rent for a daily price. 

Some facts about Columbia

Population of country 44,205,293 people
Area of Columbia 1,138,910 sq. kilometers
Located on the continent (SA)
Capital of Columbia Bogota
Currency at Columbia Peso (COP)
Domain Zone .co
Phone country code 57
FIPS code of Columbia CO

Gallery of Columbia


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Columbia video guide

More information about Columbia

Climate of Columbia:
  • tropical along coast and eastern plains
  • cooler in highlands
Terrain of Columbia:
  • flat coastal lowlands, central highlands, high Andes Mountains, eastern lowland plains
Columbia also has such useful resources as: petroleum, natural gas, coal, iron ore, nickel, gold, copper, emeralds, hydropower.

Top cities of Columbia

City Name Population State Coordinates
1 Bogota 7,102,602 people Bogota D.C. 4.60971 x -74.08175
2 Cali 2,392,877 people Departamento del Valle del Cauca 3.43722 x -76.5225
3 Medellin 1,999,979 people Departamento de Antioquia 6.29139 x -75.53611
4 Barranquilla 1,380,425 people Atlantico 10.96389 x -74.79639
5 Cartagena 952,024 people Departamento de Bolivar 10.39972 x -75.51444
6 Cucuta 721,398 people Departamento de Norte de Santander 7.88333 x -72.50528
7 Bucaramanga 571,820 people Departamento de Santander 7.12972 x -73.12583
8 Pereira 440,118 people Departamento de Risaralda 4.81333 x -75.69611
9 Santa Marta 431,781 people Departamento del Magdalena 11.24722 x -74.20167
10 Ibague 421,685 people Departamento de Tolima 4.43889 x -75.23222
11 Bello 392,939 people Departamento de Antioquia 6.33889 x -75.56222
12 Pasto 382,236 people Departamento de Narino 1.21361 x -77.28111
13 Manizales 357,814 people Departamento de Caldas 5.07 x -75.52056
14 Neiva 352,855 people Departamento del Huila 2.9273 x -75.28188
15 Soledad 342,556 people Atlantico 10.91722 x -74.76667
16 Villavicencio 321,717 people Departamento del Meta 4.142 x -73.62664
17 Armenia 315,328 people Departamento del Quindio 4.53389 x -75.68111
18 Soacha 313,945 people Cundinamarca 4.58722 x -74.22139
19 Valledupar 308,237 people Departamento del Cesar 10.47694 x -73.25056
20 Itagui 281,853 people Departamento de Antioquia 6.17194 x -75.61139
21 Monteria 272,420 people Departamento de Cordoba 8.7575 x -75.89
22 Sincelejo 261,187 people Departamento de Sucre 9.30472 x -75.39778
23 Popayan 258,653 people Departamento del Cauca 2.43823 x -76.61316
24 Floridablanca 252,267 people Departamento de Santander 7.06472 x -73.08972
25 Palmira 247,986 people Departamento del Valle del Cauca 3.53944 x -76.30361
26 Buenaventura 240,387 people Departamento del Valle del Cauca 3.89333 x -77.06972
27 Barrancabermeja 191,403 people Departamento de Santander 7.06528 x -73.85472
28 Dos Quebradas 179,583 people Departamento de Risaralda 4.83472 x -75.6725
29 Tulua 165,501 people Departamento del Valle del Cauca 4.08667 x -76.2
30 Envigado 163,007 people Departamento de Antioquia 6.17306 x -75.56389

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