PPC/D Extra oral fulcrum/Air polishing

  1. What is the newest application of air polishing
    Subgingival deplaquing(w/special nozzles up to 10mm)
  2. What are the different type of powders used for air polishing?
    • 1)Sodium Bicarbonate(original): Baking soda w/ calcium phosphate and silica.
    • **note: over-the-counter baking soda cannot be used; clogs unit**
    • 2)Aluminum Trihydroxide: Most common alternative for pts. contraindicated for sodium bicarb. (sodium-restricted)
    • 3)Glycine: powder of choice for sub-g de-p
    • 4)Calcium Carbonate
    • 5)Calcium Sodium Phosphosilicate (“Novamin”)
  3. What is the common powder used and what is added to it to prevent clogging
    Sodium Bicarbonate

    Calcium Phosphate and silica
  4. What is the Mohs and particle size of Sodium bicarbonate
    • MOHS (hardness) =2.5
    • Particle size=74 microns
  5. The larger the particle size the _________
    more abrasive it is
  6. Most prophy paste have a Mohs number of what?
  7. What is the Mohs number of enamel, dentin and cementum
    Enamel 5

    Dentin 3-4

    Cementum 2.5-3.0
  8. What is the common alternative to Sodium bicarbonate and the kind we use in the clinic and what is the Mohs number and particle size
    Aluminum Trihydroxide

    • MOHS=4
    • Particle size=80-325 microns
  9. What is Glycine, when is it used and what is the Mohs number and particle size
    • Amino acid
    • For use as a powder, Glycine crystals are made by using a solvent of water and table salt

    Used for subgingival plaque removal due to low abrasivity

    • MOHS=2
    • Particle size=20 microns
  10. What is calcium carbonate and what is the Mohs number
    Naturally found in rocks (chalk)

    Main ingredient in antacids; also used as a filler in prescriptions drugs

    MOHS=3 (no particle size given)
  11. What is Calcium Sodium Phosphosilicate (“NOVAMIN”) and what is the Mohs number
    Bioactive glass

    • MOH=6 (hardest of all powders available)
    • Particle size=25-120

  12. What are dental aerosols vs. splatter
    Airborne particles (less than 50 micrometres or microns) composed of debris, micro-organisms, and blood propelled into the air from oral cavities

    “Splatter” is term used if over 50 micrometres or microns
  13. What is the air and water pressure
    • 40-100 psi air pressure
    • 20-60 psi water pressure
  14. What are some contraindications of air polishing
    • Hypertension/Sodium restricted diets (OK to use Aluminum Trihydroxide)
    • Severe respiratory disease
    • Patients that have difficulty swallowing
    • End stage renal disease, Addison’s Disease or Cushing’s Disease
    • Communicable infections
    • Immuno-compromised patients
    • Patients taking potassium, anti-diuretics, or steroid therapy
  15. Who are high risk patients for air polishing
    • Severely inflamed gingival tissues.
    • Exposed root surfaces.
    • Systemic diseases: renal disease and uncontrolled diabetics
  16. What restorative material is sodium bicarbonate okay too be used on
    • Amalgam
    • Gold
    • Porcelain
  17. What effect do you get depressing the foot petal half way and all the way
    Tap ½ way to get water

    Tap all the way down for slurry spray with powder
  18. How far should the tip be directed toward the tooth
  19. Anterior Tip is directed at a ___º angle
  20. Posterior tip is directed at a ____º angle
  21. Name the Intra oral fulcrums
    1.Modified Intra-oral


    3.Opposite arch


    5.Finger assist
  22. Name the extra oral fulcrums
    • Knuckle rest (palm out)
    • Chin-cup
Card Set
PPC/D Extra oral fulcrum/Air polishing
PPC/D Extra oral fulcrum/Air polishing