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The first version

The first version

First, they received names with arbitrary alphanumeric suffixes as with Windows ME 4. Then, once again Microsoft adopted incremental numbers in the title, but this time, they were not version numbers; the version numbers of Windows 7 , Windows 8 and Windows 8.

In Windows 10 , the version number leaped to Some software producers use different schemes to denote releases of their software. BLAG Linux and GNU features very large version numbers: major releases have numbers such as and , while minor releases increase the number by 1 e.

Alpha and beta releases are given decimal version numbers slightly less than the major release number, such as Starting at in , the most recent version as of [update] is Urbit uses Kelvin versioning named after the absolute Kelvin temperature scale : software versions start at a high number and count down to version 0, at which point the software is considered finished and no further modifications are made.

Software may have an "internal" version number which differs from the version number shown in the product name and which typically follows version numbering rules more consistently. Java SE 5. Note, however, that Windows NT is only on its fifth major revision, as its first release was numbered 3. In conjunction with the various versioning schemes listed above, a system for denoting pre-release versions is generally used, as the program makes its way through the stages of the software release life cycle.

Programs that are in an early stage are often called "alpha" software, after the first letter in the Greek alphabet. After they mature but are not yet ready for release, they may be called "beta" software, after the second letter in the Greek alphabet. Generally alpha software is tested by developers only, while beta software is distributed for community testing. Some systems use numerical versions less than 1 such as 0.

This is a common convention in open source software. So the alpha version of the 2. An alternative is to refer to pre-release versions as "release candidates", so that software packages which are soon to be released as a particular version may carry that version tag followed by "rc- ", indicating the number of the release candidate; when the final version is released, the "rc" tag is removed. A software release train is a form of software release schedule in which a number of distinct series of versioned software releases for multiple products are released as a number of different "trains" on a regular schedule.

Generally, for each product line, a number of different release trains are running at a given time, with each train moving from initial release to eventual maturity and retirement on a planned schedule. Users may experiment with a newer release train before adopting it for production, allowing them to experiment with newer, "raw", releases early, while continuing to follow the previous train's point releases for their production systems prior to moving to the new release train as it becomes mature.

Cisco's IOS software platform used a release train schedule with many distinct trains for many years. More recently, a number of other platforms including Firefox and Fenix for Android, [31] Eclipse , [32] LibreOffice , [33] Ubuntu , [34] Fedora, [35] Python, [36] digiKam [37] and VMware [38] have adopted the release train model.

Between the 1. For example, Linux 2. After the minor version number in the Linux kernel is the release number, in ascending order; for example, Linux 2. Since the release of the 2. The same odd-even system is used by some other software with long release cycles, such as Node. The free-software and open source communities tend to release software early and often. Initial versions are numbers less than 1, with these 0.

Backward-incompatible changes are common with 0. Version 1. The developers of the arcade game emulator MAME do not ever intend to release a version 1. Accordingly, version 0. Since the internet has become widespread, most commercial software vendors no longer follow the maxim that a major version should be "complete" and instead rely on patches with bugfixes to sort out the known issues which a solution has been found for and could be fixed.

A relatively common practice is to make major jumps in version numbers for marketing reasons. Sometimes software vendors just bypass the 1.

Other times version numbers are increased to match those of competitors. Microsoft Access jumped from version 2. Microsoft has also been the target of 'catch-up' versioning, with the Netscape browsers skipping version 5 to 6, in line with Microsoft's Internet Explorer , but also because the Mozilla application suite inherited version 5 in its user agent string during pre Another example of keeping up with competitors is when Slackware Linux jumped from version 4 to version 7 in Sun's Java has at times had a hybrid system, where the internal version number has always been 1.

Sun also dropped the first digit for Solaris, where Solaris 2. A similar jump took place with the Asterisk open-source PBX construction kit in the early s, whose project leads announced that the current version 1.

This approach, panned by many [ according to whom? In the mid- s , the rapidly growing CMMS , Maximo, moved from Maximo Series 3 directly to Series 5, skipping Series 4 due to that number's perceived marketing difficulties in the Chinese market, where the number 4 is associated with "death" see tetraphobia.

This did not, however, stop Maximo Series 5 version 4. The "Series" versioning has since been dropped, effectively resetting version numbers after Series 5 version 1. Version numbers are used in practical terms by the consumer, or client , to identify or compare their copy of the software product against another copy, such as the newest version released by the developer.

For the programmer or company, versioning is often used on a revision-by-revision basis, where individual parts of the software are compared and contrasted with newer or older revisions of those same parts, often in a collaborative version control system. In the 21st century, more programmers started to use a formalized version policy, such as the semantic versioning policy. Versioning is also a required practice to enable many schemes of patching and upgrading software, especially to automatically decide what and where to upgrade to.

Version numbers allow people providing support to ascertain exactly which code a user is running, so that they can rule out bugs that have already been fixed as a cause of an issue, and the like. This is especially important when a program has a substantial user community, especially when that community is large enough that the people providing technical support are not the people who wrote the code.

The semantic meaning [1] of version. As a rule of thumb, the bigger the changes, the larger the chances that something might break although examining the Changelog, if any, may reveal only superficial or irrelevant changes.

This is one reason for some of the distaste expressed in the "drop the major release" approach taken by Asterisk et alia: now, staff must or at least should do a full regression test for every update. Versioning amongst documents is relatively similar to the routine used with computers and software engineering, where with each small change in the structure, contents, or conditions, the version number is incremented by 1, or a smaller or larger value, again depending on the personal preference of the author and the size or importance of changes made.

Version numbers very quickly evolve from simple integers 1, 2, These complex version numbers are therefore better treated as character strings. Operating systems that include package management facilities such as all non-trivial Linux or BSD distributions will use a distribution-specific algorithm for comparing version numbers of different software packages.

For example, the ordering algorithms of Red Hat and derived distributions differ to those of the Debian-like distributions. As an example of surprising version number ordering implementation behavior, in Debian, leading zeroes are ignored in chunks, so that 5. This can confuse users; string-matching tools may fail to find a given version number; and this can cause subtle bugs in package management if the programmers use string-indexed data structures such as version-number indexed hash tables.

In order to ease sorting, some software packages represent each component of the major. Perl represents its version numbers as a floating-point number; for example, Perl's 5. Microsoft Word and Excel also made their first appearances running on Windows 2.

The first Windows that required a hard drive launched in Windows 3 introduced the ability to run MS-DOS programmes in windows, which brought multitasking to legacy programmes, and supported colours bringing a more modern, colourful look to the interface.

More important - at least to the sum total of human time wasted - it introduced the card-moving timesink and mouse use trainer Solitaire. Windows 1 and 2 both had point release updates, but Windows 3. Minesweeper also made its first appearance. Windows 3. Could it be any more up-to-date? Windows 95 also introduced a bit environment, the task bar and focused on multitasking. MS-DOS still played an important role for Windows 95, which required it to run some programmes and elements.

Internet Explorer also made its debut on Windows 95, but was not installed by default requiring the Windows 95 Plus! Windows 98 introduced the back and forward navigation buttons and the address bar in Windows Explorer, among other things.

One of the biggest changes was the introduction of the Windows Driver Model for computer components and accessories — one driver to support all future versions of Windows. Released in September , it was the consumer-aimed operating system twined with Windows aimed at the enterprise market. It introduced some important concepts to consumers, including more automated system recovery tools.

Autocomplete also appeared in Windows Explorer, but the operating system was notorious for being buggy, failing to install properly and being generally poor. The Start menu and task bar got a visual overhaul, bringing the familiar green Start button, blue task bar and vista wallpaper, along with various shadow and other visual effects.

ClearType, which was designed to make text easier to read on LCD screens, was introduced, as were built-in CD burning, autoplay from CDs and other media, plus various automated update and recovery tools, that unlike Windows ME actually worked.

Ottmann Lith. Singer sewing machines, advertisement card titled «The first lesson on the Singer sewing machine» Singer Manufacturing Co. Front: «The new improved Singer. Easy to use - easy to learn - easy to buy». Back: «Founded Progressing Over eleven million Singer sewing machines have been made and sold.

Why the unprecedented success of this ideal machine? The answer comes echoing back from millions of homes that the Singer excels in all kinds of family sewing and art work. The finest and simplest stitch adjustement. The best "balanced tension". The greatest number of labor-saving modern improvements. The simplest self-threading shuttle.

The best automatic bobbin-winder. The greatest capacity for all kinds of family sewing. Prices within the reach of all. Liberal terms on monthly payments. The Singer Manufacturing Company». Goossens, Paris, ca. Singer sewing machines, advertisement: «The cycle of a century Singer sewing machines lead all others» Singer Manufacturing Co.

Singer celebrates its th Anniversary introducing a Limited Edition th Anniversary Vintage class cast-iron machine in both black and red versions. Palmolive logo Palmolive Soap as it appeared in advertisements.

Paul, Minn. Palmolive Soap advertisement The Century illustrated monthly magazine, April The entrepreneurs who launched the Palmolive brand in Burdett J. Palmolive Soap, advanced versions Tom and Jerry, first opening with official series title Tom and Jerry, opening and first scenes from the first short: "Puss Gets the Boot" February 10, Released to theaters, the short achieved great critical acclaim and earned an Academy Award nomination for Best Short Subject: Cartoons in Since Eve evolved from Adam's rib, cats have waged constant war against mice.

Now comes a one-mouse revolution brought on by a cat, that ends in victory for the mouse. This story, as told in Rudolf Ising's latest M-G-M Cartoon, "Puss Gets the Boot," relates how this one small mouse, taking advantage of one large cat's shortcoming, subdues the large warrior in a battle of wits and with the aid, of course, of circumstances. Ising's cat feels particulary wicked, this day. Before putting an end to the mouse of his choice, he decides to toy with it.

As the mouse pokes his headout of his hole, friend cat grabs him with his tail, flips him in the air, and lets him fall to the floor senseless. The cat then dips his paw into some ink and draws a false hole in the wall for the mouse. As soon as he awakens, the mouse makes a dash for his hole, runs into the solid wall and is knocked unconscious again. This time, when he awakens, he is angry. With great courage he strolls up to the cat and punches him right in the eye. Furious, the cat runs after the mouse, and dashes right into a pillar that supports a beautiful vase.

The vase falls to the floor, crashes into a thousand pieces, and the cat, Jasper, by name, is in for it. Immediately the housekeeper chases after Jasper with a broom, beats him, and warns him that if anything else is broken in the house, he will be thrown into the street forever.

Now, the mouse, named Pee-Wee, knows how to handle Jasper. If Jasper tries to hurt him again, he'll break something and blame it on the cat. The next time Jasper chases Pee-Wee, the mouse runs to the edge of a table, grabs one of a set of cocktail glasses, and defiantly shouts that he will drop the glass if the cat comes any closer. With each of Jasper's lunges, Pee-Wee threatens to drop the glass. Finally, just to be ornery, Pee-Wee does drop the glass which Jasper catches, before it breaks, by the skin of his theet.

Another glass and still another come hurtling down with Jasper catching each one before it hits the floor. Now Jasper gets wise and places soft cushions all over so that even if Pee-Wee does drop the glasses, they won't break. Jasper moves toward Pee-Wee, who threatens to drop another glass. Jasper laughs, the mouse drops the glass and it falls on the pillows and doesn't break. Immediately, Pee-Wee is in Jasper's tail, being tossed up and down like a ball of wool.

But Jasper flips Pee-Wee a bit too high. The mouse catches on the ledge of a mantel on which there are many valuable plates. Immediately he starts throwing them to the floor. The cat dashes around madly, catching each dish until his arms are full. Calmly, Pee-Wee comes down from the mantel, and kicks Jasper right into next week. Up in the air goes every dish, and down they come.

The housekeeper catches the cat and banishes him from the house forever. Calmly, and with great confidence, Pee-Wee strolls back to his hole, sighing. Tom and Jerry, original hand drawn concept designs August 8, for the first short "Puss Gets the Boot" February 10,

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  1. Butch: first appearance in the 12th short "Baby Puss", December 25, His very first appearance, as Butch's only solo cartoon along Toodles Galore, took place in the MGM short "The Alley Cat" (July 5, ). Black alley cat, leader of Tom's friends alley cat bullies who often help him catch Jerry.
  2. Oct 28,  · The first versions of Facebook. Features: "Facemash", the Facebook's predecessor, was initially limited by the founders to Harvard students. Set up as a type of "hot or not" game, it allowed visitors to compare two student pictures side-by-side and let them choose who was "hot" and who was "not".Estimated Reading Time: 4 mins.
  3. Aug 31,  · In the First Nations Version, “eternal life,” a concept unfamiliar in Native American cultures, becomes “the life of the world to come that never fades away, full of beauty and harmony.”. The Greek word “cosmos,” usually translated in English as “the world,” had to be reconsidered, too: It .
  4. Aug 31,  · 'We believe it's a gift not only to our Native people, (but) from our Native people to the dominant culture,' said Terry Wildman, the lead translator and project manager of the First Nations.
  5. Reading the First Nations Version of the New Testament is like listening to a wise elder pass down ancient teachings. L. Daniel Hawk. Professor of Old Testament and Hebrew at Ashland Theological Seminary. Rain Ministries is the home of the First Nations Version and RainSong Music. About Rain Ministries.
  6. Mar 08,  · The reason is simple – the first version of your product is based on hypotheses and most of the time, many of these guesses are wrong. Over time, the lessons you learn from the first failed.
  7. The Microsoft Windows operating system was first labelled with standard version numbers for Windows through Windows After this Microsoft excluded the version number from the product name. For Windows 95 (version ), Windows 98 () and Windows (), year of the release was included in .
  8. 38 rows · Ubuntu version history. Ubuntu releases are made semiannually by Canonical Ltd, the developers of.