Alternate History

Austro-Hungarian Federation (Revolution!)

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Austro-Hungarian Federation
Timeline: Revolution!

OTL equivalent: Austria-Hungary, Balkan Nations, Romania, Bulgaria and the German States of Bavaria and Baden-Wurrtemburg
Austria-Hungaryflag Austria-Hungaria transparency
Flag Coat of Arms
Location of Austria-Hungary (Dark Purple)

Indivisibiliter ac Inseparabiliter (Latin)

Anthem "Die Kaiserhymne"
(and largest city)
Other cities Budapest, Sopron, Prague, Sofia, Sarajevo, Munich, Nuremberg
German, Hungarian
  others Czech, Slovakian, Bosnian, Romanian, Bulgarian, Serbo-Croatian, Slovene
Religion Roman Catholicism, Judaism, Islam and Orthodox
Demonym Austro-Hungarian
Government Constitutional Monarchy
  legislature Imperial Council
Monarch Karl I
  Royal house: Habsburg-Lorraine
Prime Minister Heinz Fischer
Population 64,455,921 
Established 1848 (Austro-Hungarian Compromise)
Currency Austro-Hungarian Krone
Internet TLD .ah
Organizations Union of Nations and European Community


The history of the Austro-Hungarian Federation can be traced to the fall of the Holy Roman Empire at the beginning of the 1800s. With the fall of the Empire and the rise of other German nations like Prussia, the Hapsburg dynasty reformed their territories into the Austrian Empire in 1804. The newly formed Empire began to expand their grip on the Balkans with the annexation of portions of Bosnia and Serbia in the mid 1820s from the Ottoman Empire. The nation also supported the Greeks in their war of Independence in the 1830s, gaining a powerful alliance with the French and British that has lasted to the present day. 

1848 Reforms and the formation of the Inseparable Union

Even though the French Revolution aided in the spread of Liberalism to Western Europe, and to a small extent, the New World, the nations of Central Europe were mainly ruled by Reactionary governments who opposed Liberalism, sometimes jailing liberal sympathisers who spoke for freedom for the people. As the 1840s came to a close, a huge political upheaval of predominantly pro-Liberal groups began in Europe. The Kingdom of Hungary declared independence, but was swiftly defeated by the Reactionary forces. The Revolutions led to the rather radical reformation of the Austrian Empire into it's modern day title, the Austro-Hungarian Federation, transforming the nation into a federation of equals. These reforms led to a personal union between the German and Hungarian royal families along with giving the Slavic groups in the Empire a better say in Imperial affairs. These reforms would stay in place until their restructuring by Chancellor Hitler in the 1930s.

Communalist Revolutions of 1871  

As the ideology of Communalism began to rise in Europe, the peoples in the Austro-Hungarian Empire were united against the threat of a Workers Uprising in the nation. As the Commualists took over Germany and Scandinavia, the Emperor declared martial law as various Commualist groups began to rise up in major cities throughout the Empire. The Austro-Hungarians also had to deal with a small German invasion force in the mid-1880s, which the Empire responded to with a full scale Invasion of southern Commualist Germany, seizing Bavaria and portions of Baden-Wurttemberg. The Germans eventually seceded the occupied territories to the Empire, forming the Kingdom of Bavaria in 1890 after being designated an Imperial Territory. The Federation also annexed the remaining impoverished nations in the Balkans, under the Treaty of Sopron in 1890, fully integrating Bulgaria, Romania and other nations in the Balkans as equal Kingdoms and Duchies. 

20th Century to Present Day

The Austro-Hungarian Federation was one of the founding members of the Allied Treaty Organisation in the 1940s, being one of nuclear armed members of ATO gave the Empire an edge against the Communalist forces due to their position in Central/Eastern Europe. Many listening posts were established to spy on Commualist nations throughout the Cold War, some of them are still open today as museums, similar to the Stasi Headquarters in Berlin, or the House of Terror in Budapest. 

The current Emperor (or Kaiser), Karl von Hapsburg of Austria, ascended to the throne in 2011 after the death of his father, Otto von Hapsburg.    

Administrative Divisions

Since monarchism is more prevalent in Europe (especially after the Cold War) and the fact that the Austro-Hungarians are seen as the de facto successors to the Holy Roman Empire, Dukes, Earls, Barons and other symbols of nobility are treated with the same level of governance as an American State Governor.

The States and Territories of the Austro-Hungarian Federation are as follows:

  • Kingdom of Albania
  • Kingdom of Austria
  • Kingdom of Hungary
  • Duchy of Bohemia-Slovakia
  • Kingdom of Greater Transylvania (aka Romania)
  • Duchy of Bulgaria
  • Kingdom of Macedonia
  • Duchy of Serbia
  • Kingdom of Montenegro
  • Kingdom of Bosnia
  • Duchy of Croatia
  • Principality of Slovenia
  • Imperial Territory of Trieste
  • Imperial Territory of Veneto-Lombardia
  • Kingdom of Bavaria

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