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axial skeleton

the bones that form the longitudinal axis of the body

appendicular skeleton

bones of the limbs and girdles

skeletal system


compact bone


spongy bone

Layer of bone tissue having many small spaces and found just inside the layer of compact bone.

long bones

bones that are longer than they are wide

short bones

Carpal, Tarsal

flat bones

thin, flattened, and usually curved, two thin layers of compact sandwiching spongey bone (skull, ribs, sternum)

irregular bones

come in a variety of shapes and are usually connected to other bones; examples are vertebrae and facial bones


shaft of a long bone



sharpey's fiber

secures periosteum to bone, also known as perforating fiber


ends of long bone

articular cartiage

Type of Hyaline Cartilage: Located at the ends of bones. It is called this because an articulation (joint) is a point of contact between two or more bones.

epiphyseal line

in adults; remnant of epiphyseal plate

yellow marrow

bone marrow that is yellow with fat; found at the ends of long bones in adults

red marrow

bone marrow of children and some adult bones that is required for the formation of red blood cells


Mature bone cells.


small chambers that house osteocytes


Concentric rings made up of groups of hollow tubes of bone matrix


small hair-like canals extending from the central canal. Allow for diffusion of nutrients, waste products, hormones, etc. to lacunae.

perforating canals

run into the compact bone at right angles to the shaft


the calcification of soft tissue into a bonelike material


bone forming cells


bending at the joint so that the angle between the bones is decreased


Straightening of a body part


Moving the bone around in a central axis


Movement away from the midline





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