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28 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
periodic law
the statement that there is a periodic repeition of chemical and physifcal properties of the elements when they are arranged by increasing atomic number
columns or familes
representative element
the groups designated with an A (1A through 8A) oare often referred to as the main group because they possess a wide range of chemical and physical properties
transition element
the groups designate with a B (1B through 8B)
elements that are generally shiny when smooth and clean, solid at room temperature, and good conductors of heat and electricity; some metals are also ductile and malleable
alkali metal
group 1A except Hydrogen -- chemically reactive -- more than the alkaline earth metals
alkaline earth metal
group 2A -- chemically reactive
transition metal
group B elements or transition elements
inner transition metal
the lanthanide and actinide series are located along the bottom of the peroidic table
elements that are generally gases or brittle, dull looking solids, poor conductors of heat and electricity -- the only nonmetal that is a liquid at room temp is Bromine (Br)
the highly reactive group 7A
Noble gas
extremely unreactive group 8A
the elements bordering the stair-step line; elements with physical and chemical properties of both metals and non metals
created early table of elements with every 8 elements being similar and calling the table the law of octaves
1st to publish good table although it wasn't completely correct...some elemnts were no in the right order
discovered the problem,,,he arranged the elements in order of increasing atomic number instead of increasing atomic mass
in 1860
chemists aggreed upon a method for accurately determining the atomic masses of the elements
a pattern that repeats itself in a specific manner
what mendeleev noticed
when elements were ordered by increasing atomic mass there was a repetition in there properties; he also left spaces for the undiscovered elements
S block
groups 1A and 2A and the elements hydrogen and helium; s orbitals hold a maximum of 2 electrons
p block
groups 3A-8A
D block
transition metals; d-block elements are characterized by a filled outermost s orbital of energy level n. and filled or partially filled orbitals of energy level n-1
f block
inner transition metals
an atom or bonnded group of atoms that has a positive or negative charge -- charged particle ((+) ion = cation and (-) - anion)
ionization energy
defined as the energy required to remove an electron from a gaseous atom
octet rule
states that atoms tend to gain, lose or share electrons in order to acquire a full set of eight valence electrons
indicates the relative ability of its atoms to attract electrons in a chemical bond