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34 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Define protists.
a kingdom of mostly single-celled microscopic orgnaisms that have traits of animals, plants or both.
Where do protist live?
pond water
damp soil
other organisms
descibe a protist.
single celled
contain a nucleus
other cell structures needed to carry out all basic life functions
define multicellular.
made up of more than one cell
Protists reproduce by:
Define fission
dividing of a cell to produce two new cells.
only one parent
new cells are identical to the parent
what is a protozoan and where does it get its energy?
protist that have trais like those of animals.

they get their energy by feeding on other organisms
give some examples of protozoans..

An amobea is a __________ and its method of locomotion is _______.

How does an amobea get food?

pushing out its cytoplasm and forming a pseudopod.

pseudopods capture food and surround it, then ingest it.
A paramecium moves by using ______, which are ___________ that gather ____________.

hair like structures

food and water
How do protozoans move?
Protozoans move using a flagella
Describe a flagella.
It is a tread like tail that whips around to cause movement.
What is a paracite?
Protozoans that live in or on other organisms.
Do plantlike protozoans produce their own food? If so, what do they use to do so?

What is algae?

give an example of a type of algae.
A plantlike protist.

seaweed is an example.
What is a diatom?
a microscopic, one celled alga with a glass like cell wall.

found in fresh and seawater

contain chlorophyll

plankton is made of diatoms.
What is plankton?
organisms generally microsopic in size, that float or drift in the ocean.

form base of the ocean food chain

diet of the baleen whale
Name some uses of algae.
dog food
ice cream
Define a moneran.
*one celled organism that does not have a nucleus and most of the cell parts
*smallest and simplest organisms
*exist everywhere
*10,000 kinds
*divided into two groups
Define bacteria. Where do they live?
Monerans that feed on dead organic matter or on living things.

occur in water, soil, and air
and in/on bodies of other organisms
How are bacteria classified and what are the 3 groups?
classified by shape.

rod shaped: bacillus

spherical: coccus

spiral: spirillum
Define blue-green bacteria and where they live.
monerans that contain chlorophyll
* carry out photosynthesis and make own food

* live in salt water, fresh water, land, hot water of natural springs, snow in the Arctic and Antarctic
Define Virus.
tiny fragment of genetic material either DNA or RNA wrapped inside a capsule of protein.
Is a virus alive or not?
*a virus can reproduce itself like living things but it needs a host cell.

*a virus contain genes like living things but it cannot obtain or use energy on its own.
Where are viruses active?
Active only within the cells of living things.
Name some diseases that are caused by viruses?
Flu, polio and AIDS
What is a communicable disease?
one in which the disease-causing organism can be passed from one host to another.
What are toxins and what do they kill?
produced by bacteria

**chemical poisons that are harmful to the body.

kill cells or interfere with cell activities.
Define immune system.
the body's system that defends the body against pathogens.

produces antibodies to fight diseases.
Define antibodies.
a protein produced in the blood that destroys or weakens bacteria and other pathogens.

produced in response to infection
What do white blood cells do?
* eat bacteria
*main line of defense against infection
*destroy body cells that are infected with viruses
What is an antibiotic?
medicines that stop the growth and reproduction of bacteria

produced from other microbes and fungi
What is a vaccine?
made with weakened or dead disease-causing microbes

produces immunity to a disease
Describe how virus reproduces.
A. Atttaches to a host. injects DNA or RNA

B. more virus form and the cell stops carrying out its normal functions

C. cell fills with viruses. It bursts and releases the virus and attacks cells.