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True | isitmizzit | null | Masters. I studied education while getting my bachelors. I was also a TA for two semesters. This is my first *job.*
Edit: a word. | null | 0 | 1317094853 | True | 0 | c2mutli | t3_krny8 | null | t1_c2mutli | t1_c2mu9rj | null | 1427651691 | 2 | t5_2ssp3 | null | null | null |
True | litayoliechi | null | Was it hard to get? Is it the kind of job you wanted? | null | 0 | 1317095948 | False | 0 | c2muyu1 | t3_krny8 | null | t1_c2muyu1 | t1_c2mutli | null | 1427651759 | 2 | t5_2ssp3 | null | null | null |
True | isitmizzit | null | It wasn't too hard. It is actually at the junior college I attended when I first started school, so I had a few connections. My goal was always to teach so it's a great job so far. I'm not full time, but I'm hoping to get full time there or somewhere else by next year. Just happy to be getting the experience, considering the current market. | null | 0 | 1317096366 | False | 0 | c2mv0v7 | t3_krny8 | null | t1_c2mv0v7 | t1_c2muyu1 | null | 1427651786 | 2 | t5_2ssp3 | null | null | null |
True | Petrarch1603 | null | You didn't even mention any of the Cold War events in the Far East. | null | 0 | 1317110997 | False | 0 | c2mwcuh | t3_krwb6 | null | t1_c2mwcuh | t1_c2moyor | null | 1427652481 | 1 | t5_2ssp3 | null | null | null |
True | Petrarch1603 | null | The Soviets were definitely the aggressors. | null | 0 | 1317111116 | False | 0 | c2mwd3j | t3_krwb6 | null | t1_c2mwd3j | t3_krwb6 | null | 1427652483 | 0 | t5_2ssp3 | null | null | null |
True | [deleted] | null | It's not so simple as to declare which nation were the aggressors and which wasn't. The Soviets definitely thought we were the aggressors. And our fear of communism certainly made us do things that we probably shouldn't have done. And enact things we probably shouldn't have. Containment for one. Which exploded into us going to Korea. Etc. But that's getting a little ahead of ourselves. | null | 0 | 1317130393 | False | 0 | c2mximt | t3_krwb6 | null | t1_c2mximt | t1_c2mwd3j | null | 1427653028 | 2 | t5_2ssp3 | null | null | null |
True | CogitoNM | null | What about those people that came here with Coronado. I know that one of my friends, a Montoya, says that his family came from Spain with Coronado as they were some sort of royal guards. The entire family came with and was given land near Mora, NM. | null | 0 | 1317225662 | False | 0 | c2n8sn6 | t3_krcy3 | null | t1_c2n8sn6 | t3_krcy3 | null | 1427658410 | 1 | t5_2ssp3 | null | null | null |
True | Killfile | null | The Far East was pretty much an extension of the global power struggle which was kindled in Europe. That's not to say that it wasn't important, but I took the question to be about why the Cold War happened, not what happened during it. | null | 0 | 1317233872 | False | 0 | c2n9z2u | t3_krwb6 | null | t1_c2n9z2u | t1_c2mwcuh | null | 1427658965 | 2 | t5_2ssp3 | null | null | null |
True | derkanzler87 | null | I'm currently getting my MA (coursework done, only need to finish thesis) in art history (focus on Italian Baroque, specifically ephemeral art). For my BA I double majored in art history and American history. I've TA'ed the year-long art history prereq intro so I'm familiar with all periods of "Western" art from pre-history to modern. I also have museum experience. | null | 0 | 1317253459 | False | 0 | c2nctzd | t3_jxh0x | null | t1_c2nctzd | t3_jxh0x | null | 1427660439 | 2 | t5_2ssp3 | null | null | null |
True | Petrarch1603 | null | That's quite Euro-centric. | null | 0 | 1317256387 | False | 0 | c2nd8a4 | t3_krwb6 | null | t1_c2nd8a4 | t1_c2n9z2u | null | 1427660626 | 1 | t5_2ssp3 | null | null | null |
True | Philosophyforever | null | i was told it was upside down so here it is fixed http://imgur.com/bPrgI | null | 0 | 1317259348 | False | 0 | c2ndmis | t3_kup0r | null | t1_c2ndmis | t3_kup0r | null | 1427660821 | 1 | t5_2ssp3 | null | null | null |
True | Smug_developer | null | Think its in Tibetean.. definitely some Sanskrit derived language. | null | 0 | 1317262483 | False | 0 | c2ne1ik | t3_kup0r | null | t1_c2ne1ik | t3_kup0r | null | 1427661010 | 1 | t5_2ssp3 | null | null | null |
True | [deleted] | null | [deleted] | null | 0 | 1317265122 | False | 0 | c2nee8z | t3_kup0r | null | t1_c2nee8z | t3_kup0r | null | 1427661176 | 2 | t5_2ssp3 | null | null | null |
True | Philosophyforever | null | it is allready posted there, thanks for the advice though ^_^ | null | 0 | 1317265719 | False | 0 | c2neh7r | t3_kup0r | null | t1_c2neh7r | t1_c2nee8z | null | 1427661214 | 1 | t5_2ssp3 | null | null | null |
True | ttmlkr | null | Post this on pics and you might get more hits | null | 0 | 1317268043 | False | 0 | c2nesir | t3_kup0r | null | t1_c2nesir | t3_kup0r | null | 1427661362 | 2 | t5_2ssp3 | null | null | null |
True | Philosophyforever | null | thats where i found it at, and no one knew what it was, it's not mine, so i'm just trying to find out what it says so i can tell him. | null | 0 | 1317268148 | False | 0 | c2net1w | t3_kup0r | null | t1_c2net1w | t1_c2nesir | null | 1427661369 | 1 | t5_2ssp3 | null | null | null |
True | ttmlkr | null | i see, well good luck! looks like elvish or something to me. I've seen enough LOTR to say that looks elvish. | null | 0 | 1317268314 | False | 0 | c2netw8 | t3_kup0r | null | t1_c2netw8 | t1_c2net1w | null | 1427661380 | 1 | t5_2ssp3 | null | null | null |
True | Philosophyforever | null | um we allready found out that it is Tibetean, if i get it translated i'll post what it says on here, It's a Formal Script of Tibetean, most likely a Prayer. | null | 0 | 1317268551 | False | 0 | c2nev2k | t3_kup0r | null | t1_c2nev2k | t1_c2netw8 | null | 1427661395 | 1 | t5_2ssp3 | null | null | null |
True | Philosophyforever | null | Also maybe thats where Tolklen gotten the idea for the Elvish script who knows. | null | 0 | 1317288527 | False | 0 | c2ngnul | t3_kup0r | null | t1_c2ngnul | t1_c2netw8 | null | 1427662244 | 2 | t5_2ssp3 | null | null | null |
True | Killfile | null | You're entitled to that, but at the time of the kindling of the Cold War the USSR defined itself as a European power, compared itself to European nations, and saw its destiny on the battlegrounds of Europe.
China -- at least until the Maoist Revolution -- was incidental to the whole thing and North Korea has never been much more than a bit player.
Asia matters, but from the dawn of the Bolshivek Era in Russia the expansion of communism and the Soviet ideology has been Westward facing, primarily because it is so inexorably tied up with industrialization and Asia -- even Japan -- was late to that party. | null | 0 | 1317300008 | False | 0 | c2nhb44 | t3_krwb6 | null | t1_c2nhb44 | t1_c2nd8a4 | null | 1427662548 | 2 | t5_2ssp3 | null | null | null |
True | Philosophyforever | null | up date this is what i was told "It's an incomplete section of a sadhana practice. I can read it, but it's not of much use without the entire text and I can't tell even what that text would be" | null | 0 | 1317326597 | False | 0 | c2nl4pu | t3_kup0r | null | t1_c2nl4pu | t3_kup0r | null | 1427664421 | 3 | t5_2ssp3 | null | null | null |
True | WedgeHead | null | I would add the following blog to the links:
http://100rsns.blogspot.com/
Naturally it is satirical, but it is a good review of the issues that one needs to consider before making this your lifestyle for 5-10 years. | null | 0 | 1317355960 | False | 0 | c2np8wz | t3_krny8 | null | t1_c2np8wz | t1_c2ms6pd | null | 1427666360 | 3 | t5_2ssp3 | null | null | null |
True | litayoliechi | null | Ah ok. Thank you for the site! | null | 0 | 1317356208 | False | 0 | c2npa3k | t3_krny8 | null | t1_c2npa3k | t1_c2np8wz | null | 1427666375 | 1 | t5_2ssp3 | null | null | null |
True | cosmotheassman | null | I like Killfile's answer, but I think he/she left out some really important events/facts that help explain early positions and how U.S.-Soviet relations got to be so....icy.
So here are a few things for OP and others to consider...
First, there should be some mention of the U.S. postwar economic vision that it shared with Western Europe and other allied nations around the world, which was based on the agreements at the [Brenton Woods Conference](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Nations_Monetary_and_Financial_Conference). Without getting into all the technical details, the conference established the post war economic system, strongly emphasized the importance of **open markets** to maintain peace and stability, and blamed economic nationalism for starting WWII. But, as we all should know, the Soviet Union (and communists in general) were not huge fans of capitalism, so as expected they weren't really on board with this whole system.
Meanwhile, the Soviet Union just fought the Germans for a *second* time in about 30 years, which cost roughly [27 million lives](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_War_II_casualties#USSR) this time. This pretty much led Stalin to say something along the lines of, "This bullshit can't happen again." Therefore, the Soviet Union wanted two things to happen after WWII. First, and I'm paraphrasing, fuck Germany. The Soviets wanted to make sure that the Germans could never have the potential to lead another attack, meaning the allies should prevent those beer-drinking sons of bitches from having any sort of industrial growth ever again. Second, Stalin wanted some control over Poland. Now his intentions here have a complicated history and can easily be debated, but in the interests of simplicity we'll just say that Stalin wanted to control Poland because that was the route that the Germans took during WWI and WWII, and the route Napoleon took when he invaded.
Now this is where the two powers really butt heads, and how Germany became ground zero for the Cold War. Basically, the U.S. thought Germany should be included in the new economic system and should be part of the post-war recovery in Europe, while the Soviets thought the Germans should just suck a dick. Both sides thought the other was involved in a conspiracy to take over the world and saw each other's actions as aggression. For the Soviet Union, it looked like an evil capitalist conspiracy to destroy communism. For the U.S. it looked like an evil communist conspiracy to destroy capitalism. Although each situation was unique, this cycle pretty much repeated itself all over the world as former European colonies gained independence over the next 20 years. | null | 0 | 1317404074 | False | 0 | c2ntslv | t3_krwb6 | null | t1_c2ntslv | t3_krwb6 | null | 1427668566 | 2 | t5_2ssp3 | null | null | null |
True | koselig | null | Hope this helps, as it is a discussion which was raised in a module that I had last year over Britain c. 800-1300. To the best of our knowledge, we don't know. There are tombs from 4000-3000 BC, but we don't know for sure if the native population (which likely may not have been Pictish, due to geographical isolation) survived to the period of the Viking settlement.
My opinion is that the natives didn't survive due to a lack of resources, disease, genetic inbreeding, or all of the above. Had there been a violent Viking invasion, I believe this would have been reflected in the archaeological record (no evidence has been found). Furthermore, genetic tests show that modern Shetlanders are descended from both male and female Scandinavians, a pattern not present in other areas of the UK with heavy Scandinavian influence such as Northumbria. This shows that there was no native population (at best a marginal one) to breed with. | null | 0 | 1317462398 | True | 0 | c2o02rj | t3_kwb74 | null | t1_c2o02rj | t3_kwb74 | null | 1427671594 | 3 | t5_2ssp3 | null | null | null |
True | [deleted] | null | [deleted] | null | 0 | 1317496291 | False | 0 | c2o2n2f | t3_kxoia | null | t1_c2o2n2f | t3_kxoia | null | 1427672801 | -1 | t5_2ssp3 | null | null | null |
True | DocFreeman | null | You know, this gets thrown around a lot but I prefer what Mark Twain said when asked about history.
“History doesn't repeat itself - at best it sometimes rhymes” | null | 0 | 1317496400 | False | 0 | c2o2nia | t3_kxoia | null | t1_c2o2nia | t3_kxoia | null | 1427672808 | 15 | t5_2ssp3 | null | null | null |
True | [deleted] | null | [deleted] | null | 0 | 1317497789 | False | 0 | c2o2tal | t3_kxoia | null | t1_c2o2tal | t3_kxoia | null | 1427672884 | 4 | t5_2ssp3 | null | null | null |
True | agentdcf | null | It's a cliche whose meaning is not what people assume. "History" is simply the set of stories we tell ourselves about the past; they are not authentic representations of the past. Rather, they reflect the power relationships within our society. In this sense, our history changes as we change. The history that seems so certain and so important to one society at a particular time will not be the same at a different time, although both societies will regard those histories as objectively "true." In the same vein, society's historical memory is both constructed and selective. Societies choose to "remember" some things and "forget" others.
I find it useful to think of history as a mirror. We see in it reflections of ourselves; the things that we think are important now, we see reflections of in the past. But, it's a distorted mirror, shaped by the constraints on our imagination; our biases, prejudices. So, I prefer a different quote: "All history is present history." I think it was Croce, but I'm not sure.
Ultimately, I would argue that it's not that there are events in the past that we are "doomed to repeat" unless we "remember" them in some objective sense. Rather, history flows the other direction. We "remember" and "forget" things in the past that are useful for us in the present. We look for historical precedents of our contemporary problems, and interpret the past in that light. So, yes, I guess that "Those who forget history are doomed to repeat it"--but only because that's how we LOOK AT history, not because that's how history actually IS. | null | 0 | 1317499004 | False | 0 | c2o2ya9 | t3_kxoia | null | t1_c2o2ya9 | t3_kxoia | null | 1427672948 | 27 | t5_2ssp3 | null | null | null |
True | brigantus | null | It's a pithy way of answering the question, "how is history useful?", and in that sense has a grain of truth to it. | null | 0 | 1317508853 | False | 0 | c2o43gq | t3_kxoia | null | t1_c2o43gq | t3_kxoia | null | 1427673488 | 4 | t5_2ssp3 | null | null | null |
True | [deleted] | null | History isn't was, history is. Barbara J. Fields | null | 0 | 1317514392 | False | 0 | c2o4pvu | t3_kxoia | null | t1_c2o4pvu | t3_kxoia | null | 1427673781 | 1 | t5_2ssp3 | null | null | null |
True | HammerOfJustice | null | Depending how you define it, Australia and New Zealand had colonies. In 1883, Queensland annexed what is now PNG but this was later overturned by Britain. During WWI, Australia occupied a number of German possessions in the Pacific, including New Guinea, and following the war Australia was granted a mandate over New Guinea, as well as Nauru (formally in conjunction with Britain and New Zealand but in practice they were the sole colonial master).
Thanks to the Versailles Treaty, New Zealand also gained a mandate over Western Samoa.
And finally, though not a true colony, there was the famed New Australia settlement in Paraguay. | null | 0 | 1317564798 | False | 0 | c2o8ppm | t3_k5he9 | null | t1_c2o8ppm | t3_k5he9 | null | 1428192686 | 1 | t5_2ssp3 | null | null | null |
True | Eltotsira | null | That free African Americans owned more slaves percentage wise than their <a href="http://www.frenchcreoles.com/Language/creoleproverbs/creoleproverbsslaves.html">Caucasian peers</a>. Also that they had the right to vote before it was taken away in <a href="http://clogic.eserver.org/2006/allen.html">1723</a>. | null | 0 | 1317593677 | False | 0 | c2oc64s | t3_jzbbq | null | t1_c2oc64s | t3_jzbbq | null | 1427677359 | -1 | t5_2ssp3 | null | null | null |
True | ZMild | null | I got a great starting point: 'Ghost Wars' by Steve Coll. | null | 0 | 1317612619 | False | 0 | c2oemro | t3_kywpx | null | t1_c2oemro | t3_kywpx | null | 1427678586 | 2 | t5_2ssp3 | null | null | null |
True | [deleted] | null | Pakistan dates way back. I don't mean 70s, I mean just after World War Two. The US started getting into a mess with Russia, and South East Asia was still in a mess. So the US started asking "who are we going to try to help?" Well, they didn't choose India. Why? Because India "tilted" toward the Soviet Union's communism. The US decided on Pakistan because they claimed to be anti-Communism. So the US started pumping money into the country, trying to jump start their economy and get them on the road to capitalism. It worked, but not for long.
So let's jump forward a bit to the Soviet Invasion of Afghanistan. The US knew that Russia was on the verge of collapse, so they thought "let's speed this along and create a Vietnam for the USSR." Old weapons were sent (so they wouldn't be traced back to the US) along side of CIA/US Army Special Forces to train the Mujaheddin in their fight against the USSR. We didn't care about the fate of the Afghans, only that the USSR would collapse.
The US always had problems in the Middle East. From the coup which put the Shah in power in Iran, to the wars in Afghanistan and Iraq. From supplying Iraq with weapons to fight the Iranians, to attempting to rescue 44 prisoners in Tehran. This all fueled hatred among the Taliban (the descendants of the Mujaheddin), al-Qaida, et al. | null | 0 | 1317628930 | False | 0 | c2og8ri | t3_kywpx | null | t1_c2og8ri | t3_kywpx | null | 1427679344 | 4 | t5_2ssp3 | null | null | null |
True | [deleted] | null | Translator for a company that gets contracts from the US Government. I mostly translate Arabic, but sometimes do Russian translations. I've had a wide variety of jobs, however (most related to my BA in maths):
I taught high school math for a year
Did work as an accountant for a chemical manufacturing/processing plant
Software design
I want to go back to school to get my Master's degree, then get my PhD in the history of mathematics. My girlfriend works for an advertising company (her BA is in History and Art. Yes, she makes more money than me). We both mostly work at home, but go into the office every now and again when we're needed (in fact, I've done some work where she works simply because I'm the quickest Arabic translator they could find). | null | 0 | 1317631262 | False | 0 | c2ogd8j | t3_krny8 | null | t1_c2ogd8j | t3_krny8 | null | 1427679403 | 3 | t5_2ssp3 | null | null | null |
True | [deleted] | null | It seems more of anthropology and sociology question than an historical question.
Historically speaking, we've always divided ourselves from other people. "Our tribe is better than their tribe." "Our country better than theirs." In times of war, it gets to the point where we see the enemy as not even human. Slavery is an interesting thing as well, since we dehumanize those who will become slaves.
Globalization is relatively recent. With the more (with an accented e) that slavery is bad, and that humankind is equal, the idea that "X is better than Y" is slowly going away. | null | 0 | 1317632250 | False | 0 | c2ogeyy | t3_k053z | null | t1_c2ogeyy | t1_c2gk7iq | null | 1427679427 | 1 | t5_2ssp3 | null | null | null |
True | [deleted] | null | For the most part, the Italian POWs agreed to help the US. They did things like making weapons, building houses, etc. I think a few fought in Italy. They were called "Italian Service Units," a part of the US Army.
The documentary "Prisoners in Paradise" sums up the entire thing fairly well. | null | 0 | 1317639585 | False | 0 | c2ogqms | t3_kz8ss | null | t1_c2ogqms | t3_kz8ss | null | 1427679580 | 15 | t5_2ssp3 | null | null | null |
True | captainlolz | null | Not a historian, but both sides did study German technology extensively, and incorporated the good ideas in theirs. The AK-47 is (mostly) based on the Stg-44.
Building straight up knockoffs didn't happen because German tech wasn't THAT good (the Maus was a piece of shit) and most of it was already obsolete or close to by the end of the war. | null | 0 | 1317657363 | False | 0 | c2oi9a6 | t3_kze8d | null | t1_c2oi9a6 | t3_kze8d | null | 1427680293 | 3 | t5_2ssp3 | null | null | null |
True | Mahler5 | null | Okay, I didn't really do my research into the Maus that well, I just looked it up a little more, and yeah, you're right about that. But still, some of the knock-offs could have worked, most importantly the Horten designs, which were years ahead of their time. | null | 0 | 1317657817 | False | 0 | c2oibl2 | t3_kze8d | null | t1_c2oibl2 | t1_c2oi9a6 | null | 1427680324 | 2 | t5_2ssp3 | null | null | null |
True | Cespur | null | The allies (both the US and the Soviet Union) helped a lot of Nazi scientists getting visas in their countries, because they wanted their research. | null | 0 | 1317659032 | False | 0 | c2oihl6 | t3_kze8d | null | t1_c2oihl6 | t1_c2oibl2 | null | 1427680438 | 1 | t5_2ssp3 | null | null | null |
True | Killfile | null | Captainlolz' logic applies to the Tiger IIs as well. Those were absurdly powerful tanks with fairly great armor but it simply cost too much to produce them. For the price of a single Tiger II you could have a half dozen (I'm spitballing that number) Shermans and... well... if the Tiger IIs were so great, why didn't they win the war for the Germans?
The Germans had -- particularly late in the war -- an obsession with a "superweapon" that would win them the whole ballgame. While they build some very impressive things, they were never economical weapons of war. Their super-tanks cost too much; their super-U-boats lacked the weapons capability to justify their existence; their jets were just too damn persnickety to field properly.
So the US and the Soviets packed up those scientific breakthroughs and took advantage of them when they became cheap and reliable enough to commit to the battlefield.
As for the Horten, its major disadvantage was that the US was already fielding a bomber that delivered roughly the same payload at a greater distance... the B29. While less stealthy than the Horton and slower, the B29 got the job done and there was little impetus to replace it.
| null | 0 | 1317659049 | False | 0 | c2oiho6 | t3_kze8d | null | t1_c2oiho6 | t3_kze8d | null | 1427680435 | 4 | t5_2ssp3 | null | null | null |
True | imbecile | null | The space and missile programs, assault rifles, virtually all post war machine gun technology, the bouncy mines, the propaganda machines, RPGs all were at least heavily influenced by the german technlogy.
And the company that makes the guns for the M1 Abrams tanks is the same that made the guns for Tigers and Panthers. | null | 0 | 1317660453 | False | 0 | c2oiozr | t3_kze8d | null | t1_c2oiozr | t3_kze8d | null | 1427680500 | 11 | t5_2ssp3 | null | null | null |
True | Stubb | null | Check out [Operation Paperclip](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Paperclip) if you're not already familiar with it. | null | 0 | 1317662012 | False | 0 | c2oix7r | t3_kze8d | null | t1_c2oix7r | t1_c2oihl6 | null | 1427680607 | 2 | t5_2ssp3 | null | null | null |
True | wiking85 | null | France used a lot of different German pieces of equipment: the Panther, the Stg 44, etc. PLUS used a lot of ex-SS men in their colonial wars. Israel too used German surplus. The major powers had no real use for German weapons because they were not far behind German weapons in their research, so the next generation allied gear leapfrogged the German WW2 gear.
However the ballistic missile tech and SAM research was pretty much taken and copied by both the US and Russians. Hell the RPG7 was pretty much the next Panzerfaust in development! As was stated before the AK47 was pretty much a russian-ized Stg44. A lot of German Uboat advances were incorporated into next generation Russian, British, and US subs too.
Something to consider as far as tanks and things went was that production lines were already set up in the home countries for other tanks and it makes no sense to completely retool for better same-generation gear when the next generation stuff your side is making is going to be better anyway. Also one must consider the issues of doctrine. The Germans had different doctrine than the US or Russians, so had different gear than what either Allied country needed/could use.
Finally, as has been stated, the Allies weren't behind the Germans in their own research! Look at the Pershing compared to the Panther, the Jumbo Sherman compared to the Tiger, the IS3 compared to the Tiger II. Not only that, but the Allies took time to develop their technologies even better than the Germans: i.e. the Jet programs. The Germans rushed theirs after mismanaging it and got a working jet into the air too early, while the Allies had their own pretty much ready to go (P80, Meteor), which were better than the Me262.
Still the Mig15 was influenced by the FW Ta-183, though the team responsible was captured by the West, so the Russians just had plans to work off of. They did much of the heavy research themselves, but got a leg up. | null | 0 | 1317664185 | False | 0 | c2oj8v1 | t3_kze8d | null | t1_c2oj8v1 | t3_kze8d | null | 1427680760 | 3 | t5_2ssp3 | null | null | null |
True | Mahler5 | null | Well, Tigers couldn't win the war because they were manufactured too late and in too few numbers to make the difference.
But the Horten wasn't a bomber. The B-29 served a completely different purpose. The Horten was more of a fighter-bomber, suited for air-to-air or ground attack missions. | null | 0 | 1317664345 | False | 0 | c2oj9ns | t3_kze8d | null | t1_c2oj9ns | t1_c2oiho6 | null | 1427680771 | 1 | t5_2ssp3 | null | null | null |
True | vade101 | null | You're talking about different aircraft. The Ho229 was the almost complete interceptor/schnellbomber, the Horten H.XVIII was their submission for the Amerika-Bomber project. It was based on the same principle, but much larger, with 6 engines and a transatlantic range. | null | 0 | 1317681880 | False | 0 | c2olsue | t3_kze8d | null | t1_c2olsue | t1_c2oj9ns | null | 1427682027 | 3 | t5_2ssp3 | null | null | null |
True | Mahler5 | null | Oh got it. I've heard of the Ho XVIII, I think we just had a failure in communications. | null | 0 | 1317684504 | False | 0 | c2om5xi | t3_kze8d | null | t1_c2om5xi | t1_c2olsue | null | 1427682199 | 1 | t5_2ssp3 | null | null | null |
True | Petrarch1603 | null | to add to what everyone else is saying, parts of the Maginot line would have been used in the event of a Soviet invasion of Europe. | null | 0 | 1317695435 | False | 0 | c2onmbi | t3_kze8d | null | t1_c2onmbi | t3_kze8d | null | 1427682885 | 1 | t5_2ssp3 | null | null | null |
True | Artrw | null | Sorry about the backlog, I just got it all cleared out.
| null | 0 | 1317702154 | False | 0 | c2ooi4t | t3_jxh0x | null | t1_c2ooi4t | t3_jxh0x | null | 1427683302 | 1 | t5_2ssp3 | null | null | null |
True | Artrw | null | Upvote for "A Short History of Nearly Everything".
That is the book that got me interested in, well, everything.
| null | 0 | 1317702363 | False | 0 | c2ooj7b | t3_krcy3 | null | t1_c2ooj7b | t1_c2mqsv3 | null | 1427683317 | 3 | t5_2ssp3 | null | null | null |
True | PrimusPilus | null | That's the point: because of its design, the necessary steel & materials (not to mention fuel inefficiency), something like the Tiger was nearly impossible to produce in large numbers. I would rather have 4 Shermans or 4 T-34's than a Tiger II. | null | 0 | 1317780392 | True | 0 | c2oxwn2 | t3_kze8d | null | t1_c2oxwn2 | t1_c2oj9ns | null | 1427687740 | 1 | t5_2ssp3 | null | null | null |
True | LittleMerced | null | no problem!
| null | 0 | 1317858984 | False | 0 | c2p7evb | t3_knd8i | null | t1_c2p7evb | t1_c2lqo7x | null | 1427692285 | 1 | t5_2ssp3 | null | null | null |
True | minnabruna | null | Some were even sent to Japan to fight, pilots and other aircraft personnel in particular. | null | 0 | 1317872287 | False | 0 | c2p9dfa | t3_kz8ss | null | t1_c2p9dfa | t3_kz8ss | null | 1427693283 | 2 | t5_2ssp3 | null | null | null |
True | jasperspaw | null | The English funded and organized the 13 colonies. The English Laws at the time prohibited the colonies from buying goods from non-English ships. The English nobility inflated the price on stuff like tea and Cane Sugar, often 5 times the price from foreign ships. This amounted to a huge tax, benifitting the English lords. This was the cause of the original Tea Party. The Colonists had already sued for relief from the colonial charter, but the King denied their appeal. The French colonies were allowed to buy from any ship that came to port, and they had furs no one else could get. Business was good. | null | 0 | 1318082009 | False | 0 | c2pu8gw | t3_l52hq | null | t1_c2pu8gw | t3_l52hq | null | 1427703248 | 1 | t5_2ssp3 | null | null | null |
True | agentdcf | null | John Brewer argues in *The Sinews of Power* (Harvard, 1988) that between the Glorious Revolution in 1688 and the end of the American war in 1783, the British state became a "fiscal-military" state. This was a state built on revenues and warmaking, the one making possible the successful pursuit of the other. In this period, and even later to 1815, Britain and France were at war almost constantly, and wars became more and more expensive over time. Britain won most of these wars because, Brewer argued, it was able to spend more money on them, despite having less than half the population of France.
The British state raised money through an expansion of taxation, in particular through excise taxes, administered by a growing group of professional bureaucrats. Excise taxes were levied on particular goods, like candles, paper, tea, sugar, and so on. Equally important, however, was the growing ability of the state to borrow money from City of London financiers. The state quickly realized that it could never pay for so much war outright, and so they began to carry a national debt. A loan would be taken out for a particular expenditure, and then linked to a particular excise tax, creating a sort of funded debt. This essentially allowed the state to convert short-term expenditures on war into long-term debt. It also, incidentally, created a mechanism for owners of capital to essentially invest in the state by lending it money; this was a crucial element of forging a cohesive "British" state after the Act of Union of 1707, which created the entity of the "United Kingdom" out of England, Scotland, and Wales.
Ultimately, then, British policy in the 18th century was built on taxation at home and war abroad. This is relevant to this discussion because the American colonies were taxed at a **lower** rate than the home island; while the metropolitan state developed into a modern, centralized state subject to increasing taxation, the American colonies continued to be governed along the lines of their 17th-century charters. While the metropolitan state came to be increasingly dominated by Parliament, the colonies retained their royal charters and did not see Parliament as a legitimate source of power. This created problems when, after Britain dramatically increased its national debt fighting the Seven Years' War (or the French and Indian War) to protect the North American colonies, it attempted to bring those same territories under the same administrative and fiscal footing as the metropole. As Brewer puts it, "Britain's attempts to tax the American colonies in the 1760s revealed the limits of her fiscal power. As we have seen, the highly centralized character of the English state, the proficiency of her bureaucracy and the legitimacy accorded parliamentary statute meant that it was extremely difficult in England to offer overt resistance to taxes. None of these conditions, however, obtained in North America. The metropolitan power was far removed, colonial administration before Grenville had been notoriously lax and the colonial legislatures were a source of authority which competed with both king and parliament in London. The resistance the British government encountered in North America demonstrated an unpalatable truth that even the most powerful eighteenth-century state was forced to accept: the political cost of squeezing revenue out of a far-flung province was not worth the miserly return" (176).
As for Canada, I don't know. I have never heard that they were exempt from the Navigation Acts, as jasperspaw suggests; I can imagine that they were granted such a privilege after 1763, but I've never heard that before. I just thought I'd complicate the usual narrative of "Americans free and good until bad King and Parliament try to tax them." | null | 0 | 1318094242 | False | 0 | c2pvb7m | t3_l52hq | null | t1_c2pvb7m | t1_c2pu8gw | null | 1427703823 | 13 | t5_2ssp3 | null | null | null |
True | wedgeomatic | null | Not that I've ever heard of. My understanding, although I'm not an expert is that the Turks managed to breach the walls after bombarding it with canons and eventually exhausting the defenders by throwing waves of troops after them. Especially after the leader of the Genoese (whose name I forget) was mortally injured, and his troops ran away leaving the Byzantines to fight alone.
edit: Giovanni Giustiniani | null | 0 | 1318104756 | False | 0 | c2pwg8u | t3_l55ny | null | t1_c2pwg8u | t3_l55ny | null | 1427704359 | 3 | t5_2ssp3 | null | null | null |
True | [deleted] | null | Siege number one, 1203. The crusaders attack Constantinople, essentially on behalf of Alexios IV. Alexios III leads an army (outside the walls) to try and defeat the crusaders, fails and in tandem with a fire in the city the citizens rise up and drive him out inviting Alexios IV inside to take the throne.
Siege number two, 1204. The crusaders had been promised payment by Alexios IV to continue the crusade to the Holy Land, however Alexios III had more or less emptied the treasury and he could not pay up. The crusaders attacked and on the second day (I believe) the Venetians by sea managed to get close to the wall thanks to favourable winds and, along with the land forces succeeded in making holes in the walls that allowed forces inside to eventually open the gates.
Fall 1453. Bombardment followed by mass scaling of the walls meant the very few troops remaining in Constantinople were overwhelmed. The Venetian and Genoese troops that had remained during most of the siege fell into disarray when Giovannin Giustiniani was injured and fell back to the harbour, they did allow Greek soldiers to escape with them on board ship and some well known figures fled as the city was overrun on these ships. But essentially the city fell due to mass bombardment, the walls not being equipped to face a bombardment by the massive canon used by the Ottomans and lack of numbers. | null | 0 | 1318113260 | False | 0 | c2pxepm | t3_l55ny | null | t1_c2pxepm | t3_l55ny | null | 1427704810 | 6 | t5_2ssp3 | null | null | null |
True | [deleted] | null | Do you think that Gibbon's "Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire" is both accurate and still relevant?
I have a huge interest in Rome and Greece before the rise of Christianity, and would like to see some modern textbooks written about the history of both. | null | 0 | 1318130967 | False | 0 | c2pzab1 | t3_kjcz1 | null | t1_c2pzab1 | t1_c2lumga | null | 1427705695 | 1 | t5_2ssp3 | null | null | null |
True | savoytruffle | null | Meanwhile, segregated US Army units composed of Japanese Americans were only sent to the European theater and served distinctively, especially in Italy!
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/442nd_Infantry_Regiment_\(United_States\) | null | 0 | 1318158016 | False | 0 | c2q1bq5 | t3_kz8ss | null | t1_c2q1bq5 | t1_c2p9dfa | null | 1427706656 | 1 | t5_2ssp3 | null | null | null |
True | [deleted] | null | [deleted] | null | 0 | 1318158046 | False | 0 | c2q1brj | t3_kz8ss | null | t1_c2q1brj | t1_c2p9dfa | null | 1427706656 | 1 | t5_2ssp3 | null | null | null |
True | [deleted] | null | [deleted] | null | 0 | 1318158060 | False | 0 | c2q1bta | t3_kz8ss | null | t1_c2q1bta | t1_c2p9dfa | null | 1427706657 | 1 | t5_2ssp3 | null | null | null |
True | [deleted] | null | [deleted] | null | 0 | 1318158076 | False | 0 | c2q1buh | t3_kz8ss | null | t1_c2q1buh | t1_c2p9dfa | null | 1427706657 | 1 | t5_2ssp3 | null | null | null |
True | [deleted] | null | [deleted] | null | 0 | 1318158429 | False | 0 | c2q1ccx | t3_kn1j1 | null | t1_c2q1ccx | t1_c2ll68s | null | 1427706665 | 0 | t5_2ssp3 | null | null | null |
True | cohen510 | null | That doesn't explain British Colonies in Canada. not just captured french lands. | null | 0 | 1318184280 | False | 0 | c2q3eri | t3_l52hq | null | t1_c2q3eri | t3_l52hq | null | 1427707707 | -1 | t5_2ssp3 | null | null | null |
True | shhkari | null | thank you :D | null | 0 | 1318192331 | False | 0 | c2q4e9f | t3_l55ny | null | t1_c2q4e9f | t1_c2pxepm | null | 1427708173 | 2 | t5_2ssp3 | null | null | null |
True | wedgeomatic | null | While cautioning that no history is objective. [This](http://www.amazon.com/Cathars-Dualist-Heretics-Languedoc-Middle/dp/0582256615) is a good book. | null | 0 | 1318200184 | False | 0 | c2q5dx8 | t3_l6bnw | null | t1_c2q5dx8 | t3_l6bnw | null | 1427708638 | 4 | t5_2ssp3 | null | null | null |
True | hawkfeathers | null | I am a PhD Candidate, Scottish history, in my final year. I currently hold a Masters in Scottish history, and a BA in British history and art. My research is on 17th century Scottish diaspora and European perceptions of British identity, and previous research has been on early modern gender dysphoria.
Could my tag be something like "Early Modern Britain | Historical Identity"? Thanks. :) | null | 0 | 1318205243 | False | 0 | c2q604g | t3_jxh0x | null | t1_c2q604g | t3_jxh0x | null | 1427708929 | 2 | t5_2ssp3 | null | null | null |
True | ThereWillBeHugs | null | I assume you mean the Framers of the US Constitution.
Seems like an odd question to me since the Constitution is inherently Federalist. | null | 0 | 1318208766 | False | 0 | c2q6fuj | t3_l6h8y | null | t1_c2q6fuj | t3_l6h8y | null | 1427709139 | 2 | t5_2ssp3 | null | null | null |
True | [deleted] | null | "Farmer's intent" is so far reaching. There were so many people involved, so many philosophers and thinkers, so many writers and speakers that saying "what did they want" is the same thing as saying "they all wanted exactly the same thing." They all believed that the government shouldn't violate certain rights, but even as far back as Jefferson, Madison, et al. they all made the government larger. In the 1780s or 1790s, an act by Congress created what we call 'socialized medicine' in America. Jefferson expanded the government larger, and even took down the government of another country (Barber War). Even in the Federalist Papers you see a wide range of opinions (they were written by three people). Even at the individual level they didn't agree with themselves. Jefferson hated the idea of slavery, but didn't want to free the slaves. Some were Christian who wanted to do God's work, but hated the idea of religion in government.
"Federalism" is the idea that the Federal Government supersedes the State governments. This is also vague. The Constitution is the "law of the land" (i.e, Federalism), but the Bill of Rights didn't apply to the States. After the Civil War, with the passing of the 14^th amendment it is then that the Bill of Rights and Constitution applied to the States as well as the Federal Government.
>Moreover, my laptop with all my notes was stolen two days ago and I'm left with some articles to write with.
Back up your stuff more often. I have 4 back ups of back ups laying around, and I back things up every night. | null | 0 | 1318208774 | False | 0 | c2q6fw1 | t3_l6h8y | null | t1_c2q6fw1 | t3_l6h8y | null | 1427709139 | 3 | t5_2ssp3 | null | null | null |
True | xheyhenry | null | thank you for your input. But yes, basically my teacher is asking for how has America deviated from the idea of "centralized national government but with cooperation of states' powers, the role of representatives in a republic, and the prevention of tyranny of majority". | null | 0 | 1318211491 | False | 0 | c2q6s9q | t3_l6h8y | null | t1_c2q6s9q | t1_c2q6fw1 | null | 1427709350 | 2 | t5_2ssp3 | null | null | null |
True | DocFreeman | null | Watch Charlie Wilson's War. Very short, very entertaining perspective on the last 30 or so years of American involvement in Afghanistan. | null | 0 | 1318214922 | False | 0 | c2q798z | t3_kywpx | null | t1_c2q798z | t3_kywpx | null | 1427709571 | 2 | t5_2ssp3 | null | null | null |
True | DavidMatthew | null | First off the word "federalism" means the opposite of what you think. Federalism refers to the decentralizing of powers to semi autonomous constituent units often called provinces or states, which is what the founders intended. Perhaps you mean how has the federation of state become less federalist and more Unitarian. That is to say that the federal government has been slowly taking upon itself powers that were not originally intended for itself and making forays into the constituent units jurisdiction.
Source: my prof last year specialized in federations and federalism (two different things) and I think I have picked a thing or two up. | null | 0 | 1318214996 | False | 0 | c2q79mn | t3_l6h8y | null | t1_c2q79mn | t3_l6h8y | null | 1427709576 | 2 | t5_2ssp3 | null | null | null |
True | [deleted] | null | I think you should rely on the *Federalist Papers*, specifically *Federalist No. 10* for your view of the "intent". These were written by Hamilton, Madison, and Jay as a defense of the proposed Constitution. As you know, Madison wrote much of the Constitution and the Bill of Rights.
I'm not going to do your research for you, but I will quote Wikipedia here:
>No. 10 addresses the question of how to guard against "factions," or groups of citizens, with interests contrary to the rights of others or the interests of the whole community. In today's discourse the term advocacy group or special interest group often carries the same denotation. Madison argued that a strong, large republic would be a better guard against those dangers than smaller republics—for instance, the individual states.
I think you can make a good case that Wall Street and the Military-Industrial complex have become exactly the kind of factions that Madison sought to guard against. The current financial crisis, and the disagreement between "Wall Street and Main Street" about what is in the nations best interests, will fit into this narrative quite well. | null | 0 | 1318258196 | False | 0 | c2qavz1 | t3_l6h8y | null | t1_c2qavz1 | t3_l6h8y | null | 1427711283 | 1 | t5_2ssp3 | null | null | null |
True | [deleted] | null | You didn't really ask a question that can be answered in a comment here. Read the wikipedia article for starters, then ask specific questions. | null | 0 | 1318259248 | False | 0 | c2qb09h | t3_l6bnw | null | t1_c2qb09h | t3_l6bnw | null | 1427711340 | 3 | t5_2ssp3 | null | null | null |
True | [deleted] | null | [This](http://www.the-orb.net/textbooks/crusade/albig.html) site has a fairly good introduction to the Cathars. | null | 0 | 1318262446 | False | 0 | c2qbept | t3_l6bnw | null | t1_c2qbept | t3_l6bnw | null | 1427711528 | 5 | t5_2ssp3 | null | null | null |
True | Dilemalife | null | They had a superior harbor | null | 0 | 1318264092 | False | 0 | c2qbmvw | t3_kex5q | null | t1_c2qbmvw | t3_kex5q | null | 1427711636 | 1 | t5_2ssp3 | null | null | null |
True | sychosomat | null | Start with the wiki article to gain a very broad background, move to primary sources.
If you have more specific questions, please ask. I wrote a long paper on the Cathars as a part of a seminar and would love to put that knowledge to use. | null | 0 | 1318265832 | False | 0 | c2qbvux | t3_l6bnw | null | t1_c2qbvux | t3_l6bnw | null | 1427711753 | 3 | t5_2ssp3 | null | null | null |
True | [deleted] | null | Heh, I just realized I wrote "Farmer's Intent" rather than "Framer's Intent."
Anyway, next to a fear of an oppressive government, our founding fathers feared a majority rule more than anything. That's why we can't directly elect a president, and instead elect people who elect people who elect a president. That's why, during the early days of our republic, Congressmen were elected by State Representatives. You can read many letters and essays written by our founders which state that a majority rule is not where we need to go in our new government. | null | 0 | 1318267110 | False | 0 | c2qc2cs | t3_l6h8y | null | t1_c2qc2cs | t1_c2q6s9q | null | 1427711836 | 3 | t5_2ssp3 | null | null | null |
True | [deleted] | null | [deleted] | null | 0 | 1318276131 | True | 0 | c2qdf3v | t3_jxh0x | null | t1_c2qdf3v | t3_jxh0x | null | 1427712475 | 2 | t5_2ssp3 | null | null | null |
True | [deleted] | null | [deleted] | null | 0 | 1318290298 | False | 0 | c2qfgtb | t3_k5he9 | null | t1_c2qfgtb | t3_k5he9 | null | 1427713447 | 1 | t5_2ssp3 | null | null | null |
True | shhkari | null | I do have one. Basically, the reason my curiosity has been sparked in the Cathars is because of a discussion with a friend about crusades and the inquisition, during which he pointed out that some of the groups they targeted were actually bad (pagan's which did human sacrifice for example). He also claimed the Cathars openly attacked Catholics, and not just priests but average citizens, I'm curious to know if theres any truth to this. I've been looking into myself and from what I've read so far my curiosity in the Cathars has just exploded and I want to find a good place to start researching them. (without any of what I strongly suspect to be Catholic propaganda and bias) | null | 0 | 1318296126 | False | 0 | c2qg94g | t3_l6bnw | null | t1_c2qg94g | t1_c2qbvux | null | 1427713818 | 1 | t5_2ssp3 | null | null | null |
True | sychosomat | null | Well first off, the Cathars were not, from what I found in my research, committing human sacrifice or any other sort of terrible pagan deeds. In fact, they considered themselves "Christian-like" (although assuredly of a different sort). Their "perfects" were dedicated to aestheticism and pacifism.
There were attacks by those who were not perfects, but "lay-cathars" who attacked bishops appointed by the pope. There are accusations of corruption, viciousness, and evil on both sides of this conflict. It quickly became political, however, as the King of Spain (and other temporal rulers) became involved.
In my research there are assuredly accusation of evil-doing on the side of the Cathars. The author of the *Historia Albigensis*, one of my primary sources, was a monk firmly on the side of the Pope, and he wrote about all sort of suggested nefarious deeds. It is important to note that almost all (if not all) of these could be made up. He had no love lost for the Cathars. Once the crusade began, though, atrocities occurred on both sides, as is wont to happen in war.
I will give you my best sources for my paper:
* Aubrey Burl, God’s Heretics: The Albigensian Crusade, (Gloucestershire: Sutton Publishing, 2002).
* Malcolm Barber, The Cathars: Dualist Heretics in Languedoc in the High Middle Ages, (Harlow: Pearson Education Limited, 2000).
* Peter of les Vaux-de-Cernay, Historia Albigensis, trans. W.A. Sibly and M. D. Sibly (Woodbridge: The Boydell Press, 1998)
*Historia Albigensis* was my most used source. I would post a page from it but imgur is down right now. You will never get "objective"primary source. But if you have a source and can understand its bias, it becomes extremely useful regardless of the author's perspective.
Let me know if anything I said wasn't clear | null | 0 | 1318299198 | False | 0 | c2qgpoq | t3_l6bnw | null | t1_c2qgpoq | t1_c2qg94g | null | 1427714035 | 3 | t5_2ssp3 | null | null | null |
True | MySuperLove | null | http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treaty_of_Tordesillas
The pope drew a line on a map before anyone knew where anything was in the Western Hemisphere and told Spain they could have what was to the west of it and gave Portugal what was to the east of it. This led Spain to dodge Brazil and head to Mexico or Argentina.
That's a jumping off point. I don't know about its later border progress.
EDIT: Judging by this map, Brazil just extends to the Andes, and the Spanish took the other sides of the Andes. I'm sure a historian more familiar with South America can expand on this a lot.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Spanish_Empire_Anachronous_0.PNG
EDIT 2: Look at the river systems in Brazil. It looks like Portugal grabbed everything easily available by river.
http://0.tqn.com/d/gosouthamerica/1/0/r/q/154218topomap.jpg | null | 0 | 1318318658 | True | 0 | c2qj2l5 | t3_l8272 | null | t1_c2qj2l5 | t3_l8272 | null | 1427715146 | 7 | t5_2ssp3 | null | null | null |
True | savoytruffle | null | River systems are fascinating, thanks. Having hiked along the North American continental divide, it's interesting to consider the SA one. | null | 0 | 1318320647 | False | 0 | c2qj7d8 | t3_l8272 | null | t1_c2qj7d8 | t1_c2qj2l5 | null | 1427715209 | 3 | t5_2ssp3 | null | null | null |
True | nalc | null | Royalty and titles and knighthood still exist in Europe, it has just become less relevant. | null | 0 | 1318336362 | False | 0 | c2qk2un | t3_l842e | null | t1_c2qk2un | t3_l842e | null | 1427715621 | 2 | t5_2ssp3 | null | null | null |
True | [deleted] | null | As already said the titles do still exist but hold no relevancy. The "nobility" as in a Feudal concept died out c.17th century and the remaining idea of a general aristocracy began dying out in the 19th century and was killed by the World Wars. I think anyway, this is a little outside my area of expertise *g* | null | 0 | 1318340357 | False | 0 | c2qkfmd | t3_l842e | null | t1_c2qkfmd | t3_l842e | null | 1427715789 | 8 | t5_2ssp3 | null | null | null |
True | grond | null | Northrop had the XP-79 another 'flying wing' design conceived as a rocket powered fighter. This basic design (the flying wing) is rarely used. I'm not an aeronautical engineer, but I suspect there is a good reason for this. | null | 0 | 1318340991 | False | 0 | c2qki2k | t3_kze8d | null | t1_c2qki2k | t1_c2oibl2 | null | 1427715821 | 2 | t5_2ssp3 | null | null | null |
True | grond | null | Indeed, especially about the B-29. The Soviets had access to German jet technology also, but it was the B-29 which they copied. | null | 0 | 1318342139 | False | 0 | c2qkmpq | t3_kze8d | null | t1_c2qkmpq | t1_c2oiho6 | null | 1427715881 | 2 | t5_2ssp3 | null | null | null |
True | brigantus | null | Slaves were given "Christian" names by their owners, then after emancipation they adopted their own surnames. That was hundreds of years and many generations after they'd been brought from Africa, so they weren't likely to pick (or know) a name from the old country. | null | 0 | 1318342744 | False | 0 | c2qkpdh | t3_l88sv | null | t1_c2qkpdh | t3_l88sv | null | 1427715915 | 12 | t5_2ssp3 | null | null | null |
True | [deleted] | null | I'm not an expert in this at all. I think that bison were not hunted in any numbers before the introduction of the horse. It seems that there are some barriers to domesticating it. It's a very big, very dangerous animal.
You should definitely read *Guns, Germs and Steel*, as mentioned in another comment here. For example, he compares the zebra to the horse and says that the zebra can never be domesticated because it has the nasty habit of biting it's owner's hands. Your question of "would the native Americans have been more advanced" is exactly the type of question Diamond tries to answer in his book. | null | 0 | 1318345342 | False | 0 | c2ql21e | t3_kbgfs | null | t1_c2ql21e | t3_kbgfs | null | 1427716081 | 2 | t5_2ssp3 | null | null | null |
True | wintermutt | null | Think about it this way: why did the portuguese chunk of the Americas hold together as one country after independence, when the spanish part fell apart into multiple states?
I don't know the answer, but these are some factors I suspect have played a role:
- In 1808, just before independence (1822), the portuguese royal family fled from Europe and Bonaparte to Brazil, and made it the seat of the entire portuguese empire. This helped firm the political grip of Rio de Janeiro over the rest of the country.
- The "independence" of Brazil was really unusual and not a big rupture from the previous political situation: power passed to the **previous monarch's son and heir**, and the country remained a monarchy (albeit now officially an independent "empire").
- Becoming an **empire** after independence, as opposed to most latin american countries which became republics (except Mexico I believe), certainly helped quelling disent and the outer province's rebellions. | null | 0 | 1318346194 | False | 0 | c2ql69m | t3_l8272 | null | t1_c2ql69m | t3_l8272 | null | 1427716137 | 3 | t5_2ssp3 | null | null | null |
True | [deleted] | null | I just finished Guns, Germs, and Steel. It was a very interesting book, however at the end it got to be pretty dry reading. My conclusion as to why the Bison wasn't domesticated, is Native Americans did well enough hunting/gathering that they never settled down into food producing villages. | null | 0 | 1318347455 | False | 0 | c2qld1u | t3_kbgfs | null | t1_c2qld1u | t1_c2ql21e | null | 1427716226 | 1 | t5_2ssp3 | null | null | null |
True | spindoc | null | And were the adopted surnames chosen based on white names they were familiar with? Also, I can't imagine many would have wanted to take the surnames of their former owners. | null | 0 | 1318350268 | False | 0 | c2qlsn0 | t3_l88sv | null | t1_c2qlsn0 | t1_c2qkpdh | null | 1427716430 | 3 | t5_2ssp3 | null | null | null |
True | Comrad_Pat | null | It may have been that Canada was heavily populated with recent immigrants from the homeland, and Quebec which had been reasonably treated by the British, didn't want to take their chances with a new possibly radical English speaking nation. | null | 0 | 1318350352 | False | 0 | c2qlt2j | t3_l52hq | null | t1_c2qlt2j | t1_c2pvb7m | null | 1427716436 | 2 | t5_2ssp3 | null | null | null |
True | eternalkerri | null | some actually did take on their surnames for various reasons. | null | 0 | 1318352946 | False | 0 | c2qm7i4 | t3_l88sv | null | t1_c2qm7i4 | t1_c2qlsn0 | null | 1427716692 | 4 | t5_2ssp3 | null | null | null |
True | [deleted] | null | I know this is late, but I'm seconding Origins. Read it and it gave me a whole new aspect (in addition to traditional aspects, not instead of) in which to think about WWII. Have yet to pick up GG&S although I hear it's excellent. | null | 0 | 1318353739 | False | 0 | c2qmc2i | t3_k7kck | null | t1_c2qmc2i | t1_c2i5f6r | null | 1427716752 | 1 | t5_2ssp3 | null | null | null |
True | abart | null | The Treaty of Tortesillas answers this question only partially. It was written in 1494 (!) and its line doesnt really match the Brazilian borders in the year 2000. Just the like in the history of the US, territorial expansion was led by pioneers, missionaries, settlers and war. The Brazilian pioneers/settlers (the so-called *bandeirantes*) were the the main force behind the Brazilian expansion untill mid 18th century. By this time several empires settled down in South America: The Dutch, the French and the English.
This led the Portuguese and Spanish Empires to acknowledge, that the Treaty of Tordesillas was already obsolete. *Uti possidetis* (that is, ownership by occupation rather than by claim) was the main guideline of the Treaty of Madrid in 1750 which allowed the *bandeirantes* to push the border further west. | null | 0 | 1318354738 | False | 0 | c2qmi2n | t3_l8272 | null | t1_c2qmi2n | t3_l8272 | null | 1427716831 | 2 | t5_2ssp3 | null | null | null |
True | Marshall_Lawson | null | Many actually did this. I lived for a few years in a small town in Arkansas, and there is a significant amount of pairs of black and white families with the same not-very-common surname. | null | 0 | 1318354957 | False | 0 | c2qmjd1 | t3_l88sv | null | t1_c2qmjd1 | t1_c2qlsn0 | null | 1427716848 | 1 | t5_2ssp3 | null | null | null |
True | [deleted] | null | [deleted] | null | 0 | 1318359914 | False | 0 | c2qndgd | t3_l842e | null | t1_c2qndgd | t1_c2qkfmd | null | 1427717240 | 2 | t5_2ssp3 | null | null | null |
Subsets and Splits