diff --git a/pypiserver/manage.py b/pypiserver/manage.py
index 70d04b5..8b26e22 100644
--- a/pypiserver/manage.py
+++ b/pypiserver/manage.py
@@ -1,9 +1,16 @@
-import sys
+"""Management operations for pypiserver."""
+
+from __future__ import absolute_import, print_function, unicode_literals
+
+import itertools
 import os
+import sys
+from distutils.version import LooseVersion
 from subprocess import call
 
+import pip
+
 from . import core
-import itertools
 
 if sys.version_info >= (3, 0):
     from xmlrpc.client import Server
@@ -134,19 +141,64 @@ def find_updates(pkgset, stable_only=True):
     return need_update
 
 
+class PipCmd(object):
+    """Methods for generating pip commands."""
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def update_root(pip_version):
+        """Yield an appropriate root command depending on pip version."""
+        # legacy_pip = StrictVersion(pip_version) < StrictVersion('10.0')
+        legacy_pip = LooseVersion(pip_version) < LooseVersion('10.0')
+        for part in ('pip', '-q'):
+            yield part
+        yield 'install' if legacy_pip else 'download'
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def update(cmd_root, destdir, pkg_name, pkg_version,
+               index='https://pypi.org/simple'):
+        """Yield an update command for pip."""
+        for part in cmd_root:
+            yield part
+        for part in ('--no-deps', '-i', index, '-d', destdir):
+            yield part
+        yield '{}=={}'.format(pkg_name, pkg_version)
+
+
+def update_package(pkg, destdir, dry_run=False):
+    """Print and optionally execute a package update."""
+    print(
+        "# update {0.pkgname} from {0.replaces.version} to "
+        "{0.version}".format(pkg)
+    )
+
+    cmd = tuple(
+        PipCmd.update(
+            PipCmd.update_root(pip.__version__),
+            destdir or os.path.dirname(pkg.replaces.fn),
+            pkg.pkgname,
+            pkg.version
+        )
+    )
+
+    print("{}\n".format(" ".join(cmd)))
+    if not dry_run:
+        call(cmd)
+
+
 def update(pkgset, destdir=None, dry_run=False, stable_only=True):
+    """Print and optionally execute pip update commands.
+
+    :param pkgset: the set of currently available packages
+    :param str destdir: the destination directory for downloads
+    :param dry_run: whether commands should be executed (rather than
+        just being printed)
+    :param stable_only: whether only stable (non prerelease) updates
+        should be considered.
+    """
     need_update = find_updates(pkgset, stable_only=stable_only)
     for pkg in sorted(need_update, key=lambda x: x.pkgname):
-        sys.stdout.write("# update %s from %s to %s\n" %
-                         (pkg.pkgname, pkg.replaces.version, pkg.version))
-
-        cmd = ["pip", "-q", "install", "--no-deps", "-i", "https://pypi.org/simple",
-               "-d", destdir or os.path.dirname(pkg.replaces.fn),
-               "%s==%s" % (pkg.pkgname, pkg.version)]
+        update_package(pkg, destdir, dry_run=dry_run)
 
-        sys.stdout.write("%s\n\n" % (" ".join(cmd),))
-        if not dry_run:
-            call(cmd)
 
 def update_all_packages(roots, destdir=None, dry_run=False, stable_only=True):
     packages = frozenset(itertools.chain(*[core.listdir(r) for r in roots]))

diff --git a/tests/test_manage.py b/tests/test_manage.py
index 34ea5f4..9735ac6 100755
--- a/tests/test_manage.py
+++ b/tests/test_manage.py
@@ -1,12 +1,34 @@
-#! /usr/bin/env py.test
-
-import pytest, py
-from pypiserver.core import parse_version, PkgFile, guess_pkgname_and_version
-from pypiserver.manage import is_stable_version, build_releases, filter_stable_releases, filter_latest_pkgs
+#!/usr/bin/env py.test
+"""Tests for manage.py."""
+
+from __future__ import absolute_import, print_function, unicode_literals
+
+try:
+    from unittest.mock import Mock
+except ImportError:
+    from mock import Mock
+
+import py
+import pytest
+
+from pypiserver import manage
+from pypiserver.core import (
+    PkgFile,
+    guess_pkgname_and_version,
+    parse_version,
+)
+from pypiserver.manage import (
+    PipCmd,
+    build_releases,
+    filter_stable_releases,
+    filter_latest_pkgs,
+    is_stable_version,
+    update_package,
+)
 
 
 def touch_files(root, files):
-    root = py.path.local(root)
+    root = py.path.local(root)  # pylint: disable=no-member
     for f in files:
         root.join(f).ensure()
 
@@ -14,7 +36,7 @@ def touch_files(root, files):
 def pkgfile_from_path(fn):
     pkgname, version = guess_pkgname_and_version(fn)
     return PkgFile(pkgname=pkgname, version=version,
-                   root=py.path.local(fn).parts()[1].strpath,
+                   root=py.path.local(fn).parts()[1].strpath,  # noqa pylint: disable=no-member
                    fn=fn)
 
 
@@ -69,3 +91,90 @@ def test_filter_latest_pkgs_case_insensitive():
     pkgs = [pkgfile_from_path(x) for x in paths]
 
     assert frozenset(filter_latest_pkgs(pkgs)) == frozenset(pkgs[1:])
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize('pip_ver, cmd_type', (
+    ('10.0.0', 'd'),
+    ('10.0.0rc10', 'd'),
+    ('10.0.0b10', 'd'),
+    ('10.0.0a3', 'd'),
+    ('10.0.0.dev8', 'd'),
+    ('10.0.0.dev8', 'd'),
+    ('18.0', 'd'),
+    ('9.9.8', 'i'),
+    ('9.9.8rc10', 'i'),
+    ('9.9.8b10', 'i'),
+    ('9.9.8a10', 'i'),
+    ('9.9.8.dev10', 'i'),
+    ('9.9', 'i'),
+))
+def test_pip_cmd_root(pip_ver, cmd_type):
+    """Verify correct determination of the command root by pip version."""
+    exp_cmd = (
+        'pip',
+        '-q',
+        'install' if cmd_type == 'i' else 'download',
+    )
+    assert tuple(PipCmd.update_root(pip_ver)) == exp_cmd
+
+
+def test_pip_cmd_update():
+    """Verify the correct determination of a pip command."""
+    index = 'https://pypi.org/simple'
+    destdir = 'foo/bar'
+    pkg_name = 'mypkg'
+    pkg_version = '12.0'
+    cmd_root = ('pip', '-q', 'download')
+    exp_cmd = cmd_root + (
+        '--no-deps',
+        '-i',
+        index,
+        '-d',
+        destdir,
+        '{}=={}'.format(pkg_name, pkg_version)
+    )
+    assert exp_cmd == tuple(
+        PipCmd.update(cmd_root, destdir, pkg_name, pkg_version)
+    )
+
+
+def test_pip_cmd_update_index_overridden():
+    """Verify the correct determination of a pip command."""
+    index = 'https://pypi.org/complex'
+    destdir = 'foo/bar'
+    pkg_name = 'mypkg'
+    pkg_version = '12.0'
+    cmd_root = ('pip', '-q', 'download')
+    exp_cmd = cmd_root + (
+        '--no-deps',
+        '-i', index,
+        '-d', destdir,
+        '{}=={}'.format(pkg_name, pkg_version)
+    )
+    assert exp_cmd == tuple(
+        PipCmd.update(cmd_root, destdir, pkg_name, pkg_version, index=index)
+    )
+
+
+def test_update_package(monkeypatch):
+    """Test generating an update command for a package."""
+    monkeypatch.setattr(manage, 'call', Mock())
+    pkg = PkgFile('mypkg', '1.0', replaces=PkgFile('mypkg', '0.9'))
+    update_package(pkg, '.')
+    manage.call.assert_called_once_with((  # pylint: disable=no-member
+        'pip',
+        '-q',
+        'download',
+        '--no-deps',
+        '-i', 'https://pypi.org/simple',
+        '-d', '.',
+        'mypkg==1.0',
+    ))
+
+
+def test_update_package_dry_run(monkeypatch):
+    """Test generating an update command for a package."""
+    monkeypatch.setattr(manage, 'call', Mock())
+    pkg = PkgFile('mypkg', '1.0', replaces=PkgFile('mypkg', '0.9'))
+    update_package(pkg, '.', dry_run=True)
+    assert not manage.call.mock_calls  # pylint: disable=no-member

pypi-server -Ux command executes pip install -d which is not supported anymore
Error:
```
Usage:
  pip install [options] <requirement specifier> [package-index-options] ...
  pip install [options] -r <requirements file> [package-index-options] ...
  pip install [options] [-e] <vcs project url> ...
  pip install [options] [-e] <local project path> ...
  pip install [options] <archive url/path> ...

no such option: -d
```

pip Version: 18
pypi-server Version: 1.2.2

Workaround: Installing pip Version 9
tests/test_manage.py::test_is_stable_version[1.0-True] tests/test_manage.py::test_is_stable_version[0.0.0-True] tests/test_manage.py::test_is_stable_version[1.1beta1-False] tests/test_manage.py::test_is_stable_version[1.2.10-123-True] tests/test_manage.py::test_is_stable_version[5.5.0-DEV-False] tests/test_manage.py::test_is_stable_version[1.2-rc1-False] tests/test_manage.py::test_is_stable_version[1.0b1-False] tests/test_manage.py::test_build_releases tests/test_manage.py::test_filter_stable_releases tests/test_manage.py::test_filter_latest_pkgs tests/test_manage.py::test_filter_latest_pkgs_case_insensitive tests/test_manage.py::test_pip_cmd_root[10.0.0-d] tests/test_manage.py::test_pip_cmd_root[10.0.0rc10-d] tests/test_manage.py::test_pip_cmd_root[10.0.0b10-d] tests/test_manage.py::test_pip_cmd_root[10.0.0a3-d] tests/test_manage.py::test_pip_cmd_root[10.0.0.dev8-d0] tests/test_manage.py::test_pip_cmd_root[10.0.0.dev8-d1] tests/test_manage.py::test_pip_cmd_root[18.0-d] tests/test_manage.py::test_pip_cmd_root[9.9.8-i] tests/test_manage.py::test_pip_cmd_root[9.9.8rc10-i] tests/test_manage.py::test_pip_cmd_root[9.9.8b10-i] tests/test_manage.py::test_pip_cmd_root[9.9.8a10-i] tests/test_manage.py::test_pip_cmd_root[9.9.8.dev10-i] tests/test_manage.py::test_pip_cmd_root[9.9-i] tests/test_manage.py::test_pip_cmd_update tests/test_manage.py::test_pip_cmd_update_index_overridden tests/test_manage.py::test_update_package tests/test_manage.py::test_update_package_dry_run