What war did the Popular Committees emerge during in Syria?
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Popular Committees (Syria) The Popular Committees (also called Lijan militias; Arabic: اللجان الشعبية‎ ‎ "al-Lijan al-Sha'biyah", meaning "people's committees") were militias that emerged in Syria during the Syrian Civil War. They originated as neighborhood vigilante groups in the Christian, Druze and Alawi and Shia Muslim quarters of Damascus and elsewhere to prevent the infiltration of Sunni-dominated rebel groups. However, the Popular Committees included a significant number of Sunni Muslims as well.
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Syrian Civil War The Syrian Civil War (Arabic: الحرب الأهلية السورية‎ ‎ , "Al-ḥarb al-ʼahliyyah as-sūriyyah") is an ongoing multi-sided armed conflict in Syria fought primarily between the government of President Bashar al-Assad, along with its allies, and various forces opposing the government.
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2012 Aleppo Governorate clashes The 2012 Aleppo Governorate clashes were a series of battles as part of the early insurgency phase of the Syrian civil war in the Aleppo Governorate of Syria.
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Damascus offensive (2013) The Damascus offensive (2013) refers to a series of rebel operations that began in early February 2013 in and around the city of Damascus.
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Supreme Military Council (Syria) The Supreme Military Council (SMC) (Arabic: المجلس العسكري الأعلى‎ ‎ , also called the Supreme Military Command or the Higher Military Council in Aleppo) was the highest military leadership of the Free Syrian Army (FSA) from late 2012 to mid-2014. It was headed by brigadier general Abdelkarim al-Ahmed. The establishment of the organisation was announced on 7 December 2012 with the backing of western and Arab powers as a means of financing and arming Syrian rebel forces.
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Abu Yahia al-Hamawi Mohannad al-Masri (born 1981), known by the alias Abu Yahia al-Hamawi, (sometimes transliterated Abu Yahya al-Hamawi or Abu Yehya al-Hamawi) was the third leader of the Salafist Ahrar al-Sham during the Syrian Civil War. He served from 12 September 2015 until his term ended in November 2016.
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National Salvation Front in Syria The National Salvation Front in Syria (Arabic: جبهة الخلاص الوطني في سوريا‎ ‎ "Jabhat Al-Khalāṣ Al-Waṭanīy fi Sūrīya"; French: "Front de salut national en Syrie" ) was a Syrian opposition political party founded and based in Belgium. The party was formed in the wake of assassination of Rafic Hariri and Syria's withdrawal from Lebanon in 2005. During that time, it was Syria's largest exile opposition party.
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Syrian Revolution Network The Syrian Revolution Network (Arabic: شبكة الثورة السورية‎ ‎ ), originally called the Syrian Revolution 2011 and the Syrian Days of Rage, is a Syrian opposition activist organization active in the Syrian Civil War. It was originally a Facebook page created by Fida al-Sayed, a Swedish activist living in Eskilstuna, during the Arab Spring in the beginning of 2011. By May 2011, it was considered the most influential Syrian activist organization in the mobilization of protesters against the Syrian government during the Syrian uprising.
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Struggle Companies (Syria) The Struggle Companies (Saraya al-Sira') is or was 5,000-strong commando force deployed around Damascus. Created in 1973 and commanded by Maj. Gen Adnan Assad, a cousin of the late Syrian president, Hafez Assad. The all Alawite Struggle Companies are broadly similar to the Defense Companies and are/were fanatically loyal to the Assad family/regime and were heavily used during the 1982 Hama Muslim Brotherhood uprising
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Arab–Israeli conflict The Arab–Israeli conflict (Arabic: ‎ , "Al-Sira'a Al'Arabi Al-Israili " ‎ ; Hebrew: ‎ , "Ha'Sikhsukh Ha'Yisraeli-Aravi " ‎ ) is the political tension, military conflicts and disputes between a number of Arab countries and Israel. The roots of the modern Arab–Israeli conflict are bound in the rise of Zionism and Arab nationalism towards the end of the 19th century. Territory regarded by the Jewish people as their historical homeland is also regarded by the Pan-Arab movement as historically and currently belonging to the Palestinians, and in the Pan-Islamic context, as Muslim lands. The sectarian conflict between Palestinian Jews and Arabs emerged in the early 20th century, peaking into a full-scale civil war in 1947 and transforming into the First Arab–Israeli War in May 1948 following the Israeli Declaration of Independence.
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Local Coordination Committees of Syria The Local Coordination Committees of Syria (Arabic: لجان التنسيق المحلية في سوريا‎ ‎ : "LCCSyria" or "LCCs") are a network of local groups that organise and report on protests as part of the Syrian uprising. In June 2011, the network was described by "The New York Times" as beginning to "emerge as a pivotal force" in Syria. s of 2011 , the network supported civil disobedience and opposed local armed resistance and international military intervention as methods of opposing the Syrian government.
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Inter-rebel conflict during the Syrian Civil War The inter-rebel conflict during the Syrian Civil War started after fighting erupted between the Syrian opposition groups: the Free Syrian Army (FSA), the Army of Mujahedeen, the Islamic Front, and the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL). In early January 2014, serious clashes between the groups erupted in the north of the country. Opposition groups near Aleppo attacked ISIL in two areas, Atarib and Anadan, which were both strongholds of the fundamentalist Sunni organization. Despite the conflict between ISIL and other rebels, one faction of ISIL has cooperated with the al-Nusra Front and the Green Battalion (a group of Saudi fighters) to combat Hezbollah in the Battle of Qalamoun.
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Hezbollah involvement in the Syrian Civil War Hezbollah involvement in the Syrian Civil War has been substantial since the beginning of armed insurgency phase of the Syrian Civil War, and turned into active support and troop deployment from 2012 onwards. By 2014, Hezbollah involvement begun to turn steady in support of Syrian Ba'athist Government forces across Syria. Hezbollah deployed several thousand fighters in Syria and by 2015 lost up to 1500 fighters in combat. Hezbollah has also been very active to prevent rebel penetration from Syria to Lebanon, being one of the most active forces in the Syrian Civil War spillover in Lebanon.
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North Yemen Civil War The North Yemen Civil War (Arabic: ثورة 26 سبتمبر‎ ‎ , "Thawra 26 Sabtambar", "26 September Revolution") was fought in North Yemen from 1962 to 1970 between royalist partisans of the Mutawakkilite Kingdom and supporters of the Yemen Arab Republic. The war began with a "coup d'état" carried out in 1962 by revolutionary republicans led by the army under the command of Abdullah as-Sallal, who dethroned the newly crowned Imam Muhammad al-Badr and declared Yemen a republic under his presidency. The Imam escaped to the Saudi Arabian border where he rallied popular support from northern Shia tribes to retake power, escalating shortly to a full-scale civil war.
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Coalition of Secular and Democratic Syrians Coalition of Secular and Democratic Syrians or Syrian Coalition of Secular and Democratic Forces (Arabic الائتلاف العلماني الديموقراطي السوري) is the nucleus of a Syrian secular and democratic opposition that appeared during the 2011 Syrian uprising. It was created by the union of a dozen Muslim and Christian, Arab and Kurd parties, who called the minorities of Syria to support the fight against the government of Bashar al-Assad. The Coalition has also called for military intervention in Syria, under the form of a no-fly zone similar to that of Kosovo, with a safe zone and cities. The president of the coalition, who is also a member of the Syrian National Council, is Randa Kassis.
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Alawite Revolt of 1919 The Alawite Revolt (also called the Shaykh Saleh al-Ali Revolt) was a rebellion, led by Shaykh Saleh al-Ali against the French authorities of the Occupied Enemy Territory Administration and later as part of the Franco-Syrian War against the newly established French Mandate of Syria, primarily in the coastal Jabal Ansariyah mountain range. The revolt was one of the first acts of armed resistance against the French forces in Syria, and its leader, Shaykh Saleh, declared his allegiance to the provisional Arab government in Damascus. He coordinated with the leaders of other anti-French revolts in the country, including the revolt of Ibrahim Hananu in the Aleppo countryside and Subhi Barakat's revolt in Antioch.
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Islamic Coalition (Syria) The Islamic Coalition was founded in September 2013 in Syria in the context of the Syrian Civil War. The Coalition was founded in opposition to the National Coalition for Syrian Revolutionary and Opposition Forces (SNC), and initially included 13 Islamist groups, including three "previously considered part of the [SNC]'s military wing, the Free Syrian Army." Members included the Al-Nusra Front and Ahrar ash-Sham as well as the Tawheed Brigade and Islam Brigade; the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant was not a member, but its joining was not ruled out.
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Army of Revolutionaries The Army of Revolutionaries (Arabic: جيش الثوار‎ ‎ ), or Jaysh al-Thuwar, is a multi-ethnic armed Syrian rebel coalition that is allied with the primarily Kurdish People's Protection Units (YPG) and participating in the Syrian Civil War as part of the Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF).
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Turkish Armed Forces casualties in Syria A Turkish military intervention in Syria started on 24 August 2016, code-named by Turkey as "Operation Euphrates Shield," an ongoing cross-border operation by the Turkish military and allied groups in the Syrian Civil War. Operations were ongoing in the region between the Euphrates river to the east and the rebel-held area around Azaz to the west. The Turkish military and Turkey-backed Syrian rebel groups, some of which use the Free Syrian Army (FSA) label, have been fighting against forces of the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL) as well as against the Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF) since 24 August 2016.
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Libyan Civil War (2014–present) The second Libyan Civil War is an ongoing conflict among rival groups seeking control of the territory of Libya. The conflict has been mostly between the government of the House of Representatives (HoR) that was elected democratically in 2014, also known as the "Tobruk government" and internationally recognized as the "Libyan government"; and the rival General National Congress (GNC) endorsed government, also called the "National Salvation Government", based in the capital Tripoli established after Operation Libya Dawn.
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Kofi Annan Syrian peace plan The Kofi Annan peace plan for Syria or the six-point peace plan for Syria was launched in March 2012 by the Arab League and the United Nations (UN), when the violent Syrian conflict or civil war had raged for a year.
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Foreign involvement in the Syrian Civil War Foreign involvement in the Syrian Civil War refers to political, military and operational support to parties involved in the ongoing conflict in Syria that began in March 2011, as well as active foreign involvement. Most parties involved in the war in Syria receive various types of support from foreign countries and entities based outside Syria. The ongoing conflict in Syria is widely described as a series of overlapping proxy wars between the regional and world powers, primarily between the U.S. and Russia as well as between Iran and Saudi Arabia.