John III of Egmont, was first Count of Egmont, Lord of Baer, Lathum, Hoogwoude, Aarstwoude, Purmerend, Purmerland and Ilpendam, and Stadtholder of Holland, Zeeland and West-Friesland, in the Low Countries, stadtholder, is an office of steward, designated a medieval official, and then a what?
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John III of Egmont John III of Egmont (or Egmond) (Hattem, April 3, 1438 – Egmond, August 21, 1516) was first Count of Egmont, Lord of Baer, Lathum, Hoogwoude, Aarstwoude, Purmerend, Purmerland and Ilpendam, and Stadtholder of Holland, Zeeland and West-Friesland.
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Stadtholder In the Low Countries, stadtholder (Dutch: "stadhouder" , ] ), is an office of steward, designated a medieval official and then a national leader.
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Limburg-Stirum The house of Limburg Stirum (sometimes referred to as Limburg-Styrum), which adopted its name in the 12th century from the sovereign county of Limburg an der Lenne in what is now Germany, is one of the oldest families in Europe. It is the eldest and only surviving branch of the House of Berg, which was among the most powerful dynasties in the region of the lower Rhine during the Middle Ages. Some historians link them to an even older dynasty, the Ezzonen, going back to the 9th century.
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South Limburg (Netherlands) South Limburg (Dutch: "Zuid-Limburg", Limburgish: "Zuud-Limburg") is both a COROP (statistical) region as well as a "landstreek" (area) of the Netherlands located in the province of Limburg. The Dutch term "landstreek", literally translated "land area/region", means that the area is not an administrative region but an area that displays cohesion with regard to culture and landscape. With regards to South Limburg this deals with its hilly landscape, especially in the Heuvelland region, sunken lanes, an abundance of castles, and the regional language Limburgish spoken by a significant part of the population alongside Dutch. The region also contains the highest point above sea level in mainland Netherlands, the Vaalserberg being 322.5 m above sea level (the highest point of the entire country is in the Caribbean Netherlands' island of Saba, namely Mount Scenery being 887 m above sea level).
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Steward of the Realm (Denmark) Steward of the Realm (Danish: Rigshofmester) was an office at the Royal Danish Court. With the coronation of Eric VII of Denmark it became an important office, taking over the role of the Seneschal (Danish: Drost) as the de facto prime minister of the country. Prior to that the Rigshofmester had merely been the administrative leader of the Royal Court. The office was abolished with the institution of Absolute monarchy in Denmark in 1660.
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North Brabant Noord Brabant ( ] ), also unofficially called Brabant, is a province in the south of the Netherlands. It borders the provinces of South Holland and Gelderland to the north, Limburg to the east, Zeeland to the west, and the Belgian provinces of Antwerp and Limburg to the south. The northern border follows the Meuse (Maas) river westward to its mouth in the Hollands Diep strait, part of the Rhine–Meuse–Scheldt delta.
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County of Namur Namur (Dutch: "Namen" ) was a county of the Carolingian and later Holy Roman Empire in the Low Countries. Its territories largely correspond with the present-day Belgian arrondissement Namur plus the northwestern part of the arrondissement Dinant.
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Redemptiedorpen The Redemptiedorpen are a group of small villages north of Liège, Belgium. Their ownership was disputed between the United Provinces and the Duchy of Brabant since the 17th century. The areas retained independence, with the condition that they pay taxes to both powers. In practice, they were closely linked to the tweeherigheid of Maastricht.
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Hoogland Hoogland (] ) is a village and former free-standing municipality in the province of Utrecht in the Netherlands. The village population is 10,587 people (2006).
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Province of Limburg (1815–39) Limburg was one of the provinces of the United Kingdom of the Netherlands and later Belgium. The province existed for the duration of the United Kingdom, from 1815 to 1830, and for the first years after the Belgian independence, from 1830 to 1839. When King William I signed the Treaty of London in 1839, the province was split into a Belgian, and a Dutch part, the "new" Duchy of Limburg.
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Schepen A schepen ( . "schepenen ") is a municipal office in Dutch-speaking countries. It has been replaced by the "wethouder " in the Netherlands itself but continues to be used in Belgium. Depending on the context, it may be roughly translated as an alderman, councillor, or magistrate.
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Siegerswoude Siegerswoude (West Frisian: "Sigerswâld" ) is a village consisting of about 875 inhabitants in the municipality of Opsterland in eastern Friesland, the Netherlands.
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Bloemendaal Bloemendaal ] is a municipality and a town in the Netherlands, in the province of North Holland. Bloemendaal is, together with Wassenaar, the wealthiest place in the Netherlands.
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Hoogheemraadschap van Rijnland The Hoogheemraadschap van Rijnland is the oldest water board of the Netherlands, having received its first commission to protect the land from flooding back in 1248 from William II of Holland. It conducts water control activities in the general area known as Rijnland. The Netherlands has 27 Waterboards or "Waterschappen" acting independently from the National government administration to manage the continuing Dutch struggle against water.
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County of Brabant The County of Brabant (1085–1183) was a small medieval area of land located west of Brussels, between the Dender and Zenne rivers in the Low Countries, part of the Holy Roman Empire.
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Dordrecht Dordrecht (] ), colloquially Dordt ] , historically in English named Dort, is a city and municipality in the western Netherlands, located in the province of South Holland. It is the fourth largest city of the province, having a population of in . The municipality covers the entire Dordrecht Island, also often called "Het Eiland van Dordt" (the Island of Dordt), bordered by the rivers Oude Maas, Beneden Merwede, Nieuwe Merwede, Hollands Diep, and Dordtsche Kil. Dordrecht is the largest and most important city in the Drechtsteden and is also part of the Randstad, the main conurbation in the Netherlands. Dordrecht is the oldest city in the Holland area and has a rich history and culture.
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Holland family The Holland family was a medieval-era English noble family. Many famous people throughout American and British history were descended from the Hollands. Many Hollands were Counts, Dukes, Knights and Barons in medieval England. All of the senior male members of the family inherited the title Baron Holand.
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Adelbrik Adelen Adelbrik Adelen (Sexbierum, chosen about 830) was the third potestaat (magistrate governor) of Friesland a province of the Netherlands.
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Voorburg Voorburg is a Dutch town and former municipality in the western part of the province of South Holland, the Netherlands. Together with Leidschendam and Stompwijk, it makes up the municipality Leidschendam-Voorburg. It has a population of approximately 39,000 people. It is considered to be the oldest city in The Netherlands and celebrated its 2000th year of existence in 1988.
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States of Brabant The States of Brabant were the representation of the three estates (nobility, clergy and commons) to the court of the Duke of Brabant. The three estates were also called the States. Supported by the economic strength of the cities Antwerp, Brussels and Leuven, the States always were an important power before the rulers of the country, as was reflected by the charter of the duchy.
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First Stadtholderless Period The First Stadtholderless Period or Era (1650–72; Dutch: "Eerste Stadhouderloze Tijdperk" ) is the period in the history of the Dutch Republic in which the office of a Stadtholder was absent in five of the seven Dutch provinces (the provinces of Friesland and Groningen, however, retained their customary stadtholder from the cadet branch of the House of Orange). It happened to coincide with the period when it reached the zenith of its economic, military and political Golden Age. The term has acquired a negative connotation in 19th-century Orangist Dutch historiography, but whether such a negative view is justified is debatable. Republicans argue that the Dutch state functioned very well under the regime of Grand Pensionary Johan de Witt, despite the fact that it was forced to fight two major wars with England, and several minor wars with other European powers. Thanks to friendly relations with France, a cessation of hostilities with Spain, and the relative weakness of other European great powers, the Republic for a while was able to play a pivotal role in the "European Concert" of nations, even imposing a "pax nederlandica" in the Scandinavian area. A convenient war with Portugal enabled the Dutch East India Company to take over the remnants of the Portuguese empire in Ceylon and South India. After the end of the war with Spain in 1648, and the attendant end of the Spanish embargo on trade with the Republic that had favored the English, Dutch commerce swept everything before it, in the Iberian Peninsula, the Mediterranean and the Levant, as well as in the Baltic. Dutch industry, especially textiles, was as yet not hindered by protectionism. As a consequence, the Republic's economy enjoyed its last great economic boom.
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Earl An earl is a member of the nobility. The title is Anglo-Saxon in origin, akin to the Scandinavian form jarl, and meant "chieftain", particularly a chieftain set to rule a territory in a king's stead. In Scandinavia, it became obsolete in the Middle Ages and was replaced by duke ("hertig"/"hertug"/"hertog"). In later medieval Britain, it became the equivalent of the continental count (in England in the earlier period, it was more akin to a duke; in Scotland it assimilated the concept of mormaer). However, earlier in Scandinavia, "jarl" could also mean a sovereign prince. For example, the rulers of several of the petty kingdoms of Norway had the title of "jarl" and in many cases they had no less power than their neighbours who had the title of king. Alternative names for the rank equivalent to "Earl/Count" in the nobility structure are used in other countries, such as the "hakushaku" of the post-restoration Japanese Imperial era.