Dennis Showalter wrote about the King who reigned over what nation from 1740 to 1786?
e1ca34c24a09414c729dc7cf711d2916
Dennis Showalter Dennis E. Showalter is a professor of history at Colorado College who specializes in German military history. He was president of the American Society for Military History from 1997 to 2001. In addition, Showalter is an advising fellow of the Barsanti Military History Center at the University of North Texas. Showalter has previously taught at the United States Air Force Academy, the United States Military Academy, and the Marine Corps University. He has written extensively on the wars of Frederick the Great, the , World War I, and World War II. "Tannenberg" won the American Historical Association's Paul M. Birdsall Prize for best new book of 1992.
180da8b86307f22758393f8c13920500
Frederick the Great Frederick II (German: "Friedrich" ; 24 January 171217 August 1786) was King of Prussia from 1740 until 1786, the longest reign of any Hohenzollern king. His most significant accomplishments during his reign included his military victories, his reorganization of Prussian armies, his patronage of the arts and the Enlightenment in Prussia, and his final success against great odds in the Seven Years' War. Frederick was the last titled King in Prussia and declared himself King of Prussia after achieving full sovereignty for all historical Prussian lands. Prussia had greatly increased its territories and became a leading military power in Europe under his rule. He became known as Frederick the Great ("Friedrich der Große ") and was affectionately nicknamed "Der Alte Fritz " ("Old Fritz") by the Prussian and later by all German people.
4ec9074ffa320f42124f2756b50f36f7
Peter the Great Peter the Great (Russian: Пётр Вели́кий , "Pyotr Velikiy"; ] ), Peter I (Russian: Пётр I , "Pyotr I"; ] ) or Peter Alexeyevich (Russian: Пётр Алексе́евич ; ] ; 9 June [O.S. 30 May] 1672  – 8 February [O.S. 28 January] 1725 ) ruled the Tsardom of Russia and later the Russian Empire from 7 May (O.S. 27 April) 1682 until his death, jointly ruling before 1696 with his elder half-brother, Ivan V. Through a number of successful wars he expanded the Tsardom into a much larger empire that became a major European power. He led a cultural revolution that replaced some of the traditionalist and medieval social and political systems with ones that were modern, scientific, westernized, and based on The Enlightenment. Peter's reforms made a lasting impact on Russia and many institutions of Russian government trace their origins to his reign.
cc1eedf40c91aa9de6e60aad3af8baae
Vakhtang VI of Kartli Vakhtang VI (Georgian: ვახტანგ VI ), also known as Vakhtang the Scholar, Vakhtang the Lawgiver and Ḥosaynqolī Khan (Persian: حسین‌قلی خان‎ , "Hoseyn-Qoli Xān " ‎ ) (September 15, 1675 – March 26, 1737), was a Georgian monarch of the royal Bagrationi dynasty. He ruled the East Georgian Kingdom of Kartli in the time of the kingdom's vassalage at the hands of Persia from 1716 to 1724. One of the most important and extraordinary statesman of early 18th-century Georgia, he is known as a notable legislator, scholar, critic, translator and poet. His reign was eventually terminated by the Ottoman invasion following the disintegration of Safavid Persia, which forced Vakhtang into exile in the Russian Empire. With Russia still short of reaching its Imperial zenith, Vakhtang was unable to get the tsar's support for his kingdom and instead had to permanently stay with his northern neighbors for his own safety. On his way to a diplomatic mission sanctioned by Empress Anna, he fell ill and died in southern Russia in 1737, never reaching Georgia.
b628ed1a75885bffb43edfe0f3c83a13
Phetracha Phetracha (alternative spellings: "Bedraja", "P'etraja", "Petraja", "Petratcha"; also called "Phra Phetracha"; Thai: เพทราชา ; 1632–1703) was a king of the Ayutthaya kingdom in Thailand, usurping the throne from his predecessor King Narai and founding the "Ban Phlu Luang" dynasty, the final one of the Ayutthaya kingdom. Originally a member of king Narai's extended family (two of his relatives were among Narai's wives), he was a trusted councilor of Narai, and leader of the Royal Elephant Corps. However, in 1688 he led the Siamese revolution of 1688, had Narai's heirs executed, and by marrying Narai's only daughter took the throne of Ayutthaya kingdom upon Narai's death. He reversed the pro-Western policies of Narai, ejecting foreigners from the kingdom, and launched the Siege of Bangkok, to exile all French troops from Siam. As a result, Siam stayed isolated from Western contact until the 19th century.
792a892dbab22e751009d7c844fab7ae
Stanisław August Poniatowski Stanisław II Augustus (also Stanisław August Poniatowski; born Stanisław Antoni Poniatowski; 17 January 1732 – 12 February 1798) was the last King of Poland, Grand Duke of Lithuania and the last monarch of the united Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1764–95). He remains a controversial figure in Polish history. Recognized as a great patron of the arts and sciences and an initiator and firm supporter of progressive reforms, he is also remembered as the last king of the Commonwealth whose election was marred by Russian involvement. He is criticized primarily for his failure to stand against the partitions, and thus to prevent the destruction of Poland.
9aafab06dfa84675557281bafb4b8c6f
Charles XII of Sweden Charles XII, also Carl (Swedish: "Karl XII" ; 17 June 1682 – 30 November 1718 O.S.), Latinized to "Carolus Rex", was the King of Sweden from 1697 to 1718. He belonged to the House of Palatinate-Zweibrücken, a branch line of the House of Wittelsbach. Charles was the only surviving son of Charles XI and Ulrika Eleonora the Elder. He assumed power, after a seven-month caretaker government, at the age of fifteen.
03a1bd52b38778736fa8d560cb48bcba
Frederick V of Denmark Frederick V (Danish and Norwegian: "Frederik"; 31 March 172314 January 1766) was king of Denmark-Norway and Duke of Schleswig-Holstein from 1746 until his death. He was the son of Christian VI of Denmark and Sophia Magdalene of Brandenburg-Kulmbach.
63211ad2f252ad876d8a0ef6a246b23c
William IV of the United Kingdom William IV (William Henry; 21 August 1765 – 20 June 1837) was King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and King of Hanover from 26 June 1830 until his death. The third son of George III and younger brother and successor to George IV, he was the last king and penultimate monarch of Britain's House of Hanover.
9f563bf7d0544615c380f2debfab05ee
Louis, Grand Dauphin Louis of France (1 November 1661 – 14 April 1711) was the eldest son and heir of Louis XIV, King of France, and his spouse, Maria Theresa of Spain. As the heir apparent to the French throne, he was styled Dauphin. He became known as Le Grand Dauphin after the birth of his own son, "Le Petit Dauphin". As he died before his father, he never became king.
f2e53a918f572cf02247631c8c265087
Henry VIII of England Henry VIII (28 June 1491 – 28 January 1547) was King of England from 21 April 1509 until his death. Henry was the second Tudor monarch, succeeding his father, Henry VII.
64fc4b3920fa4a8464b14e9212dc8c49
Frederick William III of Prussia Frederick William III (German: "Friedrich Wilhelm III" ) (3 August 1770 – 7 June 1840) was king of Prussia from 1797 to 1840. He ruled Prussia during the difficult times of the Napoleonic Wars and the end of the Holy Roman Empire. Steering a careful course between France and her enemies, after a major military defeat in 1806, he eventually and reluctantly joined the coalition against Napoleon in the "Befreiungskriege". Following Napoleon's defeat he was King of Prussia during the Congress of Vienna which assembled to settle the political questions arising from the new, post-Napoleonic order in Europe. He was determined to unify the Protestant churches, to homogenize their liturgy, their organization and even their architecture. The long-term goal was to have fully centralized royal control of all the Protestant churches in the Prussian Union of churches.
d92ea509d647632554ad6d78fd7fe177
Prince George of Denmark Prince George of Denmark and Norway, Duke of Cumberland (Danish: "Jørgen" ; 2 April 165328 October 1708), was the husband of Queen Anne, who reigned over Great Britain from 1702.
675835104aad74ac7b15e79d995934c0
George II of Great Britain George II (George Augustus; German: "Georg II. August" ; 30 October / 9 November 1683  – 25 October 1760) was King of Great Britain and Ireland, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg (Hanover) and Prince-elector of the Holy Roman Empire from 11 June 1727 (O.S.) until his death.
cdf97aba8ae578fc6517e1bea054d931
Stanisław Leszczyński Stanisław I Leszczyński (] ; also Anglicized and Latinized as Stanislaus I, Lithuanian: "Stanislovas Leščinskis" , French: "Stanislas Leszczynski" ; 20 October 1677 – 23 February 1766) was King of Poland, Grand Duke of Lithuania, Duke of Lorraine and a count of the Holy Roman Empire.
425836f2a1e5108088036505a5cf2fde
Henry VI, Holy Roman Emperor Henry VI (Heinrich VI) (November 1165 – 28 September 1197), a member of the Hohenstaufen dynasty, was King of Germany (King of the Romans) from 1190 and Holy Roman Emperor from 1191 until his death. From 1194 he was also King of Sicily.
e9913bd4768856fed98bce296c2a20c6
Agaja Agaja (also spelled Agadja and also known as Trudo Agaja or Trudo Audati) was a King of the Kingdom of Dahomey, in present-day Benin, who ruled from 1718 until 1740. He came to the throne after his brother King Akaba. During his reign, Dahomey expanded significantly and took control of key trade routes for the Atlantic slave trade by conquering Allada (1724) and Whydah (1727). Wars with the powerful Oyo Empire to the east of Dahomey resulted in Agaja accepting tributary status to that empire and providing yearly gifts. After this, Agaja attempted to control the new territory of the kingdom of Dahomey through militarily suppressing revolts and creating administrative and ceremonial systems. Agaja died in 1740 after another war with the Oyo Empire and his son Tegbessou became the new king. Agaja is credited with creating many of the key government structures of Dahomey, including the "Yovogan" and the "Mehu".
6f6b9a55b123175193dc440e1b722cef
George Washington in the French and Indian War George Washington (February 22, 1732 – December 14, 1799) commanded the Continental Army in the American Revolutionary War (1775–1783), and was the first President of the United States, serving from 1789 to 1797. Because of his central role in the founding of the United States, Washington is often called the "Father of his Country". His devotion to republicanism and civic virtue made him an exemplary figure among early American politicians.
8b7a8c2a062d26f092f1da74a2823972
Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor Francis I (German: "Franz Stefan" , French: "François Étienne" ; 8 December 1708 – 18 August 1765) was Holy Roman Emperor and Grand Duke of Tuscany, though his wife effectively executed the real powers of those positions. With his wife, Maria Theresa, he was the founder of the Habsburg-Lorraine dynasty. From 1728 until 1737 he was Duke of Lorraine. Francis traded the duchy to the ex-Polish king Stanisław Leszczyński in exchange for the Grand Duchy of Tuscany as one of the terms ending the War of the Polish Succession in November 1738. The duchy and the ducal title to Lorraine and Bar passed to King Louis XV of France upon Leszczynski's death in 1766, though Francis and his successors retained the right to style themselves as dukes of Lorraine and Bar.
c591efe3dc6df8f975898e9ffb901c92
Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden Gustav II Adolf (9 December 1594 – 6 November 1632, O.S.), widely known in English by his Latinised name Gustavus Adolphus or as Gustav II Adolph, was the King of Sweden from 1611 to 1632 and is credited as the founder of Sweden as a Great Power (Swedish: "Stormaktstiden" ). He led Sweden to military supremacy during the Thirty Years' War, helping to determine the political as well as the religious balance of power in Europe. He was formally and posthumously given the name Gustavus Adolphus the Great (Swedish: "Gustav Adolf den store" , Latin: "Gustavus Adolphus Magnus" ) by the Riksdag of the Estates in 1634.
85b5857b4c9f1a4b3c20c303dc19cf46
Taksin Taksin the Great (Thai: สมเด็จพระเจ้าตากสินมหาราช , rtgs: "Somdet Phra Chao Taksin Maha Rat" ,    ) or the King of Thonburi (Thai: สมเด็จพระเจ้ากรุงธนบุรี , rtgs: "Somdet Phra Chao Krung Thon Buri" ; ; Teochew: Dên Chao; Vietnamese: "Trịnh Quốc Anh") (April 17, 1734 – April 7, 1782) was the only King of the Thonburi Kingdom and was of Thai Chinese heritage. He was a leader in the liberation of Siam from Burmese occupation after the Second Fall of Ayutthaya in 1767, and the subsequent unification of Siam after it fell under various warlords. He established the city of Thonburi as the new capital, as the city of Ayutthaya had been almost completely destroyed by the invaders. His reign was characterized by numerous wars; he fought to repel new Burmese invasions and to subjugate the northern Thai kingdom of Lanna, the Laotian principalities, and a threatening Cambodia. He was executed and succeeded by his long-time friend Maha Ksatriyaseuk who then assumed the throne, founding the Rattanakosin Kingdom and the Chakri dynasty, which rules Thailand to this day.
6ed2110e705c2e41716b21b493db83c1
John VI of Portugal John VI (Portuguese: "João VI"; none }} – none }} ), nicknamed "the Clement", was King of the United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves from 1816 to 1825. Although the United Kingdom over which he ruled ceased to exist "de facto" beginning in 1822, he remained its monarch "de jure" between 1822 and 1825. After the recognition of Brazilian independence under the Treaty of Rio de Janeiro of 1825, he continued as King of Portugal and the Algarves until his death in 1826. Under the same treaty, he also became titular Emperor of Brazil for life, while his son, Pedro I of Brazil, was both "de facto" and "de jure" the monarch of the newly-independent country.