Which writer was a Nobel Laureate, Ryūnosuke Akutagawa or Claude Simon?
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Ryūnosuke Akutagawa Ryūnosuke Akutagawa (芥川 龍之介 , Akutagawa Ryūnosuke , 1 March 1892 – 24 July 1927) was a Japanese writer active in the Taishō period in Japan. He is regarded as the "Father of the Japanese short story" and Japan's premier literary award, the Akutagawa Prize, is named after him. He committed suicide at the age of 35 through an overdose of barbital.
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Claude Simon Claude Simon (] ; 10 October 1913 – 6 July 2005) was a French novelist and critic, and the 1985 Nobel Laureate in Literature.
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Paul Heyse Paul Johann Ludwig von Heyse (15 March 1830 – 2 April 1914) was a distinguished German writer and translator. A member of two important literary societies, the "Tunnel über der Spree" in Berlin and "Die Krokodile" in Munich, he wrote novels, poetry, 177 short stories, and about sixty dramas. The sum of Heyse's many and varied productions made him a dominant figure among German men of letters. He was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1910 "as a tribute to the consummate artistry, permeated with idealism, which he has demonstrated during his long productive career as a lyric poet, dramatist, novelist and writer of world-renowned short stories." Wirsen, one of the Nobel judges, said that "Germany has not had a greater literary genius since Goethe." Heyse is the fifth oldest laureate in literature, after Doris Lessing, Theodor Mommsen, Alice Munro and Jaroslav Seifert.
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Julien Gracq Julien Gracq (] ; 27 July 1910 – 22 December 2007; born Louis Poirier in Saint-Florent-le-Vieil, in the French "département" of Maine-et-Loire) was a French writer. He wrote novels, critiques, a play, and poetry. His literary works were noted for their dreamlike abstraction, elegant style and refined vocabulary. He was close to the surrealist movement, in particular its leader André Breton.
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Junzo Shono Junzō Shōno (庄野 潤三 , Shōno Junzō , 9 February 1921 – 21 September 2009) was a Japanese novelist. A native of Osaka, he began writing novels after World War II. He won the 1954 Akutagawa Prize for his book "Purusaido Shokei" ("Poolside Scene"). Shōno's other award-winning books include "Seibutsu" ("Still Life"), for which he won the Shinchosha literary prize, "Yube no Kumo" ("Evening Clouds"), which was awarded the 1965 Yomiuri Prize, and "Eawase" ("Picture Cards") which took the Noma literary prize.
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Michel Murat Michel Murat is best known as a specialist of twentieth-century French literature, with an emphasis on modernity, style, poetics, and versification. He is also a specialist in surrealism. He has published several major studies of Julien Gracq's stylistics and poetics, in particular on the role of names and analogy in "The Opposing Shore", as well as books on Robert Desnos and André Breton.
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Dragon: the Old Potter's Tale "Dragon: the Old Potter’s Tale" (龍 , Ryū ) is a short story by Ryūnosuke Akutagawa. It was first published in a collection of Akutagawa short stories, "Akutagawa Ryūnosuke zenshū". The story is based on a thirteenth-century Japanese tale, with Akutagawa’s Taishō literary interpretations of modern psychology and the nature of religion.
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Maurice Nadeau Maurice Nadeau (21 May 1911 – 16 June 2013) was a French writer and editor. He was born in Paris. One of his well-known works, translated into several languages, is the "Histoire du surréalisme" ("The History of Surrealism"), published in French in 1944, and in an English translation by Richard Howard in the United States in 1965 and in the United Kingdom in 1968.
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Albert Claude Albert Claude (24 August 1899 – 22 May 1983) was a Belgian medical doctor and cell biologist who shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1974 with Christian de Duve and George Emil Palade. His elementary education started in a comprehensive primary school at Longlier, his birthplace. He served in the British Intelligence Service during the First World War, and got imprisoned in concentration camps twice. In recognition of his service, he was granted enrolment at the University of Liège in Belgium to study medicine without any formal education required for the course. He earned his Doctor of Medicine degree in 1928. Devoted to medical research, he initially joined German institutes in Berlin. In 1929 he found an opportunity to join the Rockefeller Institute in New York. At Rockefeller University he made his most groundbreaking achievements in cell biology. In 1930 he developed the technique of cell fractionation, by which he discovered the agent of the Rous sarcoma, components of cell organelles such as mitochondrion, chloroplast, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, ribosome and lysosome. He was the first to employ the electron microscope in the field of biology. In 1945 he published the first detailed structure of cell. His collective works established the complex functional and structural properties of cells.
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Marcel Moore Marcel Moore (19 July 1892 – 19 February 1972), born Suzanne Alberte Malherbe, was a French illustrator, designer, and photographer. She, along with her romantic and creative partner Claude Cahun, was a surrealist writer and photographer.
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Takami Itō Takami Itō (伊藤 たかみ , Itō Takami , born April 5, 1971) is a Japanese author who won an Akutagawa Prize in 2006.
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Enfances (essay) "Enfances" is an essay written by French Nobel laureate J. M. G. Le Clézio for a book of the same name which was co-written by Brigitte Fossey and set to photographs by Christophe Kuhn.
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Louis-Ferdinand Céline Louis-Ferdinand Céline (] ) was the pen name of Louis Ferdinand Auguste Destouches (] ; 27 May 1894 – 1 July 1961), a French novelist, pamphleteer and physician. He developed a new style of writing that modernized French literature. His most famous work is the 1932 novel, "Journey to the End of the Night".
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Ève Curie Ève Denise Curie Labouisse (December 6, 1904 – October 22, 2007) was a French and American writer, journalist and pianist. Ève Curie was the younger daughter of Marie Skłodowska-Curie and Pierre Curie. Her sister was Irène Joliot-Curie and her brother-in-law Frédéric Joliot-Curie. Ève was the only member of her family who did not choose a career as a scientist and did not win a Nobel Prize, although her husband Henry Richardson Labouisse, Jr. did collect the Nobel Peace Prize in 1965 on behalf of UNICEF. She worked as a journalist and authored her mother's biography "Madame Curie" and a book of war reportage, "Journey Among Warriors". From the 1960s she committed herself to work for UNICEF, providing help to children and mothers in developing countries.
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Ryu Ota Ryū Ōta (太田 龍 [太田 竜] , Japanese: Ōta Ryū , 16 August 1930 – 19 May 2009) was a Japanese New Left activist, author, and ecologist. His name is spelled "Ryu Ohta" as well.
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The Thibaults The Thibaults ("Les Thibault" in French) is a multi-volume "roman fleuve" by Roger Martin du Gard, which follows the fortunes of two brothers, Antoine and Jacques Thibault, from their upbringing in a prosperous Catholic bourgeois family to the end of the First World War. The author was awarded the 1937 Nobel Prize for Literature largely on the basis of this novel sequence.
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Bernard Noël Bernard Noël (born 19 November 1930, Sainte-Geneviève-sur-Argence, Aveyron) is a French writer and poet. He received the "Grand Prix national de la poésie" (National Grand Prize of Poetry) in 1992 and the "Prix Robert Ganzo" (Robert Ganzo Prize) in 2010.
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Jean-Claude van Itallie Jean-Claude van Itallie, the Belgian-born American playwright, performer, and theatre workshop teacher may be best-known for his 1966 anti Viet Nam war play "America Hurrah", "The Serpent", the ensemble play he wrote with Joseph Chaikin’s The Open Theatre his play of "Tibetan Book of the Dead", and his translations of Chekhov’s major plays.
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Gaston Paris Bruno Paulin Gaston Paris (9 August 1839 – 5 March 1903) was a French writer and scholar. He was nominated for the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1901, 1902 and 1903.
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Hideo Takubo Hideo Takubo (田久 保英夫 , Takubo Hideo , January 25, 1928 - April 14, 2001) was a noted Japanese author. He studied French literature at Keio University, and won the 1969 Akutagawa Prize for "Fukaikawa" (Deep River), 1985 Yomiuri Prize for "Kaizu", and 1997 Noma Literary Prize for "Kodamashu".
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Simonne Ratel Simonne Ratel (22 July 1900 – 20 November 1948) was a 20th-century French woman of letters, winner of the 1932 edition of the prix Interallié.
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Nobuo Kojima Nobuo Kojima (小島 信夫 , Kojima Nobuo , February 28, 1915 - October 26, 2006) was a Japanese writer prominent in the postwar era. He is most readily associated with other writers of his generation, such as Shōtarō Yasuoka, who describe the effects of Japan's defeat in World War II on the country's psyche.