Who were Freedom Riders from Freedom Highways campaign?
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Freedom Highways campaign Freedom Highways campaign, or Freedom Highways project, was a 1962 project by Congress of Racial Equality (CORE) to seek racial desegregation of hotels and restaurants located in U.S. states along the southeastern seaboard. After the Freedom Rides campaign during 1961 to integrate interstate and intrastate travel and terminals in the southern United States, the organization sought to apply the same tactic of nonviolence and direct action towards hotels and restaurants from Maryland down to Florida.
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Freedom Riders Freedom Riders were civil rights activists who rode interstate buses into the segregated southern United States, in 1961 and subsequent years, in order to challenge the non-enforcement of the United States Supreme Court decisions "Morgan v. Virginia" (1946) and "Boynton v. Virginia" (1960), which ruled that segregated public buses were unconstitutional. The Southern states had ignored the rulings and the federal government did nothing to enforce them. The first Freedom Ride left Washington, D.C., on May 4, 1961, and was scheduled to arrive in New Orleans on May 17.
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Freedom (1982 film) Freedom is a 1982 film directed by Scott Hicks, starring Jon Blake and Jad Capelja.
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Montgomery bus boycott The Montgomery bus boycott, a seminal event in the Civil Rights Movement, was a political and social protest campaign against the policy of racial segregation on the public transit system of Montgomery, Alabama. The campaign lasted from December 5, 1955—the Monday after Rosa Parks, an African American woman, was arrested for refusing to surrender her seat to a white person—to December 20, 1956, when a federal ruling, "Browder v. Gayle", took effect, and led to a United States Supreme Court decision that declared the Alabama and Montgomery laws requiring segregated buses to be unconstitutional. Many important figures in the Civil Rights Movement took part in the boycott, including Reverend Martin Luther King Jr. and Ralph Abernathy.
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Straphangers Campaign The Straphangers Campaign is a New York City-based transit interest group that advocates on behalf of riders of public transport. The organization is part of the NYPIRG (New York Public Interest Research Group).
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Highway (2002 film) Highway is a 2002 American independent drama film written by Scott Rosenberg and directed by James Cox. It stars Jared Leto, Jake Gyllenhaal and Selma Blair.
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Freedom Party of Ontario The Freedom Party of Ontario (FPO or FpO; French: "Parti de la Liberté - Ontario" ) is a provincial political party in Ontario, Canada. It was founded on January 1, 1984 in London, Ontario by Robert Metz and Marc Emery.
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Human Highway (band) Human Highway is a Canadian indie rock band from Toronto, Ontario, Canada, composed of singer-songwriter Jim Guthrie and Nicholas Thorburn of the band Islands. Their style is influenced by 1960s and 1970s AM radio pop music.
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Freedomways Freedomways was the leading African-American theoretical, political and cultural journal of the 1960s–1980s. It began publishing in 1961 and ceased in 1985.
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Avis and Effie Hotchkiss Avis and Effie Hotchkiss, mother and daughter from Brooklyn, New York, were pioneering motorcyclists. In 1915, they completed a 9000 mi round trip ride from New York to San Francisco and back on a Harley-Davidson motorcycle-sidecar combination. In so doing they became the first transcontinental female motorcyclists.
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Freedom Party of New York (1994) The Freedom Party of New York is a name given to a political party created by allies of would-be Governor George Pataki, gained ballot access in the 1994 gubernatorial election under the name "Tax Cut Now Party", and gained the requisite 50,000 votes to retain permanent ballot access through the 1998 election, when it lost permanent ballot access and ceased to exist. It endorsed Republican Bob Dole in the 1996 presidential election.
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Freedom Now Party The Freedom Now Party was a short-lived political party in the United States founded in August 1963 during the March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom. It had a black membership. It was indirectly linked to the Socialist Workers Party. It existed from 1963 to 1965.
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Pedal on Parliament Pedal on Parliament is a grassroots campaign group that wants Scotland to be a place where active travel is safe and enjoyable. Set up in 2012, it seeks improvements to make conditions on Scotland's roads suitable for those aged from 8 to 80. Event have been held annually, which have all included people cycling through Edinburgh to the Parliament. A simultaneous ride in Aberdeen was introduced in 2015.
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Freedom Highway (The Staple Singers album) Freedom Highway is a 1965 album by The Staple Singers (Epic LN24163/ BN26163).
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Torches of Freedom "Torches of Freedom" was a phrase used to encourage women's smoking by exploiting women's aspirations for a better life during the women's liberation movement in the United States. Cigarettes were described as symbols of emancipation and equality with men. The term was first used by psychoanalyst A. A. Brill when describing the natural desire for women to smoke and was used by Edward Bernays to encourage women to smoke in public despite social taboos. Bernays hired women to march while smoking their “torches of freedom” in the Easter Sunday Parade of 1929 which was a significant moment for fighting social barriers for women smokers.
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National Freedom Party (Trinidad and Tobago) The National Freedom Party was a political party in Trinidad and Tobago. It contested the 1981 general elections, but received just 864 votes and failed to win a seat. The party did not contest any further elections.
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James Peck (pacifist) James Peck (December 19, 1914July 12, 1993) was an American activist who practiced nonviolent resistance during World War II and in the Civil Rights Movement. He is the only person who participated in both the Journey of Reconciliation (1947) and the first Freedom Ride of 1961, and has been called a white civil rights hero. Peck advocated nonviolent civil disobedience throughout his life, and was arrested more than 60 times between the 1930s and 1980s.
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Arkansas Highway 180 Highway 180 (AR 180, Ark. 180, Hwy. 180, also officially Martin Luther King Jr. Boulevard) is a state highway of 1.65 mi in Fayetteville. The route begins at Interstate 49/US 62/US 71/Highway 16 and runs east through Fayetteville to US 71 Business. Highway 180 is designated as part of the Trail of Tears National Historic Trail as well as Arkansas Heritage Trails System designations as the Butterfield Trail, Trail of Tears (Benge Route), and Civil War Trails (Herron's Approach).
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Freedom Card The Freedom Card is a contactless smartcard fare collection system used by PATCO Speedline in New Jersey and Philadelphia.
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Freedom Ride (Australia) The Freedom Ride of 1965 was a significant event in the history of civil rights for Indigenous Australians.
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Freedom Party of New York (2010) The Freedom Party of New York is a party founded in 2010 by former Black Panther Party member and outgoing New York City Councilman Charles Barron on a black progressive platform.
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Campaign for Better Transport Campaign for Better Transport is the name of two public transport advocacy groups: