Hanns Alexander, was a German Jewish refugee who tracked down and arrested the Kommandant of Auschwitz Rudolf Höss, was a Nazi German "SS"-"Obersturmbannführer" (lieutenant colonel) and the longest-serving commandant of Auschwitz concentration and extermination camp, in which event?
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Hanns Alexander Hanns Alexander (6 May 1917 – 23 December 2006) was a German Jewish refugee who tracked down and arrested the Kommandant of Auschwitz Rudolf Höss.
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Rudolf Höss Rudolf Höss (also Höß, Hoeß or Hoess; 25 November 1901 – 16 April 1947) was a Nazi German "SS"-"Obersturmbannführer" (lieutenant colonel) and the longest-serving commandant of Auschwitz concentration and extermination camp in World War II. He tested and carried into effect various methods to accelerate Hitler's plan to systematically exterminate the Jewish population of Nazi-occupied Europe, known as the "Final Solution". On the initiative of one of his subordinates, SS-"Hauptsturmführer" (captain) Karl Fritzsch, Höss introduced pesticide Zyklon B containing hydrogen cyanide to the killing process, thereby allowing SS soldiers at Auschwitz to murder 2,000 people every hour. He created the largest installation for the continuous annihilation of human beings ever known.
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Oswald Kaduk Oswald Kaduk (August 26, 1906 – May 31, 1997) was a German low-ranking SS commander (SS-Unterscharführer) and "Rapportführer" at Auschwitz concentration camp during World War II.
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Hans Koch (SS officer) Hans Koch (August 13, 1912 – July 14, 1955) was an SS-"Unterscharführer" and member of staff at Auschwitz concentration camp. He was prosecuted at the Auschwitz Trial.
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Beer Hall Putsch The Beer Hall Putsch, also known as the Munich Putsch, and, in German, as the Hitlerputsch or Hitler-Ludendorff-Putsch, was a failed coup attempt by the Nazi Party leader Adolf Hitler — along with "Generalquartiermeister" Erich Ludendorff and other "Kampfbund" leaders — to seize power in Munich, Bavaria, during 8–9 November 1923. About two thousand Nazis marched to the centre of Munich, where they confronted the police, which resulted in the death of 16 Nazis and four police officers. Hitler himself was not wounded during the clash, although he locked his left arm with the right arm of Max Erwin von Scheubner-Richter who, when he was shot and killed, pulled Hitler to the pavement with him. Hitler escaped immediate arrest and was spirited off to safety in the countryside. After two days, Hitler was arrested and charged with treason.
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Anton Lechner Anton Lechner (born November 18, 1907, date of death unknown) was an SS-"Rottenführer" and member of staff at Auschwitz concentration camp. He was prosecuted at the Auschwitz Trial.
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Hanns-Horst von Necker Hanns-Horst von Necker (28 August 1903 – 27 February 1979) was a highly decorated Generalmajor in the Luftwaffe during World War II who commanded the Fallschirm-Panzer Division 1 Hermann Göring. He was a recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross of Nazi Germany. Necker was surrendered to the British forces in 1945 and was interned until 1947.
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Timeline of the Holocaust A timeline of the Holocaust is detailed in the events listed below. Also referred to as the Shoah (in Hebrew), the Holocaust was a genocide in which some six million European Jews were killed by Nazi Germany and its World War II collaborators. About 1.5 million of the victims were children. Two-thirds of the nine million Jews who had resided in Europe were murdered. The following timeline has been compiled from a variety of sources including the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum.
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Nuremberg executions The Nuremberg executions took place on October 16, 1946, shortly after the conclusion of the Nuremberg Trials. Ten prominent members of the political and military leadership of Nazi Germany were executed by hanging: Hans Frank, Wilhelm Frick, Alfred Jodl, Ernst Kaltenbrunner, Wilhelm Keitel, Joachim von Ribbentrop, Alfred Rosenberg, Fritz Sauckel, Arthur Seyss-Inquart, and Julius Streicher. Hermann Göring was also scheduled to be hanged on that day, but committed suicide using a potassium cyanide capsule the night before. Martin Bormann was also sentenced to death in absentia, but he was killed or committed suicide while attempting to escape Berlin in 1945.
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Walter Blume (SS officer) Walter Blume (23 July 1906 – 13 November 1974) was a mid-ranking SS commander and leader of "Sonderkommando" 7a, part of the extermination commando group Einsatzgruppe B. The unit perpetrated the killings of thousands of Jews in Belarus and Russia. Blume was responsible for the deportation of over 46,000 Greek Jews to Auschwitz.
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Warsaw concentration camp The Warsaw concentration camp (German: Konzentrationslager Warschau , short KL or KZ Warschau) was an associated group of the German Nazi concentration camps, including an extermination camp, located in German-occupied Warsaw, capital city of Poland. Its main target was the Polish population of the city.
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Hans Möser Hans Karl Möser, or Hans Moeser, (April 7, 1906 – November 26, 1948) was a German Nazi SS officer at the Neuengamme, Auschwitz and Mittelbau-Dora concentration camps during World War II. Rising to the rank of SS-Obersturmführer, he was captured at the end of the war and tried by the United States Military Government Court for war crimes. The only one among 19 defendants at the Dora Trial sentenced to death, Möser was executed at Landsberg Prison in 1948 (death by hanging).
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Johannes Hassebroek Johannes Hassebroek (11 July 1910 in Halle, Saxony-Anhalt – 17 April 1977 in Westerstede) was a German SS officer of the Death's Head Units responsible for the Nazi concentration camps guardianship. He became a concentration camp commandant with the rank of Major ("Sturmbannführer").
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Ludwig Plagge Ludwig Plagge (13 June 1910 – 22 January 1948) was an SS-"Oberscharführer" and member of staff at Auschwitz, Buchenwald and Majdanek concentration camps. He was prosecuted at the Auschwitz Trial.
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Wilhelm Göcke Wilhelm Göcke (12 February 1898, Schwelm, German Empire – 20 October 1944, Fontana Liri, Italy) was an "SS-Standartenführer", "SS-Obersturmbannführer der Reserve der Waffen-SS" and a commandant of Warsaw concentration camp and the Kovno Ghetto.
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Auschwitz Protocols The Auschwitz Protocols, also known as the Auschwitz Reports, is a collection of three eyewitness reports from 1943–44 about the mass murder that was taking place inside the Auschwitz concentration camp in German-occupied Poland during the Second World War.
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Untermensch Untermensch (] , "underman", "sub-man", "subhuman"; plural: "Untermenschen") is a term that became infamous when the Nazis used it to describe non-Aryan "inferior people" often referred to as "the masses from the East", that is Jews, Roma, and Slavs - mainly ethnic Poles, Serbs, and later also Russians. The term was also applied to most Blacks, and persons of color, with some particular exceptions. Jewish people were to be exterminated in the Holocaust, along with Romani people, and the physically and mentally disabled According to the "Generalplan Ost", the Slavic population of East-Central Europe was to be reduced in part through mass murder in the Holocaust, with a majority expelled to Asia and used as slave labor in the Reich. These concepts were an important part of the Nazi racial policy.
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Erich Muhsfeldt Erich Mühsfeldt, also Mussfeld, and Erich Mußfeldt, (18 February 1913 – 24 January 1948) was a SS NCO who served in two extermination camps during World War II in occupied Poland, including at Auschwitz as well as at the Majdanek concentration camp. He was arrested and charged by the Allies originally in 1946, then transferred to Poland where the full extent of his war crimes was revealed thanks to new evidence. He was retried by the Supreme National Tribunal at the Auschwitz Trial in Kraków, and found guilty of crimes against humanity. Muhsfeldt was sentenced to death by hanging in December 1947, and executed on 24 January 1948.
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Nuremberg trials The Nuremberg trials (German: "die Nürnberger Prozesse") were a series of military tribunals held by the Allied forces under international law and the laws of war after World War II. The trials were most notable for the prosecution of prominent members of the political, military, judicial and economic leadership of Nazi Germany, who planned, carried out, or otherwise participated in the Holocaust and other war crimes. The trials were held in the city of Nuremberg, Germany, and their decisions marked a turning point between classical and contemporary international law.
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Walter Koch (Fallschirmjäger) Walter Koch (10 September 1910 – 23 October 1943) was a highly decorated commander of the Fallschirmjäger during World War II who died in mysterious circumstances after openly criticising Adolf Hitler. Koch, who was the recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross for his actions during the Battle of Fort Eben-Emael in May 1940, had publicly denounced the Führer's infamous Commando Order, which ordered that all captured enemy commandos were to be executed. Shortly afterwards the "Oberstleutnant" and commander of "Fallschirmjäger-Regiment 5" died in Berlin from injuries allegedly resulting from a motor vehicle collision.
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August Miete August Wilhelm Miete (born 1 November 1908) was an SS functionary of Nazi Germany. He worked at the Grafeneck and Hadamar Euthanasia Centres, and then at Treblinka extermination camp. Miete was arrested in 1960 and tried in West Germany for participating in the mass murder of at least 300,000 people. In 1965, he was found guilty and sentenced to the maximum penalty, life imprisonment.
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Karl von Oberkamp Karl von Oberkamp (30 October 1893 – 4 May 1947) was a German Waffen-SS commander and war criminal during World War II. During his SS career, he commanded the SS Division Prinz Eugen, the SS Division Nibelungen and the V SS Mountain Corps.