Under what president did William Cohen serve as Secretary of Defense in the years following the death of Esequiel Hernández Jr.?
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Esequiel Hernández Jr. Esequiel Hernández Jr. (May 14, 1979May 20, 1997) was an 18-year-old American high school student killed on May 20, 1997 by United States Marines in Redford, Texas, located approximately one mile from the United States–Mexico border.<ref name="Gwynne/Marfa"> </ref> Hernández was the first American civilian to be killed by active United States Armed Forces while they were on duty since the student massacre at Kent State University in 1970 and led to Defense Secretary William Cohen issuing a temporary suspension of troop patrols near the U.S.–Mexico border. The shooting inspired the 2005 movie "The Three Burials of Melquiades Estrada" by Tommy Lee Jones, and the 2007 documentary "The Ballad of Esequiel Hernandez".
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William Cohen William Sebastian Cohen (born August 28, 1940) is an American politician and author from the U.S. state of Maine. A Republican, Cohen served as both a member of the United States House of Representatives and Senate, and as Secretary of Defense (1997–2001) under Democratic President Bill Clinton.
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Salvador Cienfuegos Zepeda Division General Salvador Cienfuegos Zepeda (Mexico City, 14 June 1948) is the current Secretary of National Defense in the government of Mexican President Enrique Peña Nieto.
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Andrew C. Weber Andrew C. Weber was the Assistant Secretary of Defense for Nuclear, Chemical & Biological Defense Programs, whose areas of responsibility are US nuclear, chemical and biological defense programs. Appointed by President Obama, he was confirmed by the U.S. Senate on 18 May 2009.
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William K. Brehm William K. Brehm (born 1929) is a United States businessman who served as Assistant Secretary of the Army (Manpower and Reserve Affairs) from 1968 to 1970, Assistant Secretary of Defense for Manpower and Reserve Affairs from 1973 to 1976 and Assistant Secretary of Defense for Legislative Affairs from 1976 to 1977.
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Donald Rumsfeld Donald Henry "Don" Rumsfeld (born July 9, 1932) is an American retired politician and businessman. Rumsfeld served as the 13th Secretary of Defense from 1975 to 1977 under President Gerald Ford, and as the 21st Secretary of Defense from 2001 to 2006 under President George W. Bush. He is both the youngest and the second oldest person to have served as Secretary of Defense. Additionally, Rumsfeld was a three-term U.S. Congressman from Illinois (1963–1969), Director of the Office of Economic Opportunity (1969–1970), Counsellor to the President (1969–1973), the United States Permanent Representative to NATO (1973–1974), and White House Chief of Staff (1974–1975).
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Omar Torrijos Omar Efraín Torrijos Herrera (February 13, 1929 – July 31, 1981), more commonly known as Omar Torrijos, was the Commander of the Panamanian and National Guard and the "de facto" dictator of Panama from 1968 to 1981. Torrijos was never officially the president of Panama, but instead held titles including "Maximum Leader of the Panamanian Revolution" and "Supreme Chief of Government." Torrijos took power in a "coup d'état" and instituted a number of social reforms and his regime was considered progressive.
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William W. Outerbridge William Woodward Outerbridge (14 April 1906 – 20 September 1986) was a Rear Admiral in the United States Navy. He held the distinction of firing the first shots in defense of the United States during World War II.
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Rudy Ortiz Rudy Israel Ortiz Ruiz (6 August 1963 – 20 August 2014) was a Guatemalan senior military officer and chief general until his death on 20 August 2014. Ortiz joined the Guatemalan Military in 1983 at the age of 20. In late August 2014, Ortiz, along with four other senior military officers took off in a helicopter that changed its flight path during bad weather. The helicopter crashed in Huehuetenango, near the capital of Guatemala and with the border of Mexico. It is unclear if the helicopter crashed naturally or was shot down due to flying over Huehuetenango which has a strong drug cartel presence. Ortiz died at the age of 51, and the President of Guatemala gave out a statement praising Ortiz's dedication to the military. Ortiz was planning to retire from the Guatemalan Military in 2015.
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Carlos Manuel Arana Osorio Carlos Manuel Arana Osorio (17 July 1918 – 6 December 2003) was President of Guatemala from 1 July 1970 to 1 July 1974. Arana Osorio was born in Barberena, in the department of Santa Rosa. A colonel in the Army, he was elected in an electoral process generally considered "non-transparent" on a platform promising a crackdown on law-and-order issues and stability; his vice president was Eduardo Cáceres. In November 1970, Arana imposed a "State of Siege" which was followed by heightened counterinsurgency measures. The government received continued large-scale military support from the United States, which provided weapons, technical support and military advisors to the security forces under Arana to assist in fighting the guerrillas. The systematic use of state-terrorism which emerged in 1966 under President Julio César Méndez persisted under Arana; government-sponsored "death squads" remained active and the security forces regularly detained, disappeared, tortured and extrajudicially executed political opponents, student leaders, suspected guerrilla sympathizers and trade unionists. It is estimated that over 20,000 Guatemalans were killed or "disappeared" under the Arana administration.
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Caspar Weinberger Caspar Willard "Cap" Weinberger (August 18, 1917 – March 28, 2006) was an American politician and businessman. As a prominent Republican, he served in a variety of state and federal positions for three decades, including Chairman of the California Republican Party, 1962–68. Most notably he was Secretary of Defense under President Ronald Reagan from 1981 to 1987.
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Arturo Chávez Chávez Arturo Chávez Chávez (born 4 September 1960) is a Mexican prosecutor who served as Attorney General of Mexico in the cabinet of President Felipe Calderón from 24 September 2009 until 31 March 2011. He previously served as Attorney General of Chihuahua during the governorship of Francisco Barrio.
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Gabriel Valdés Gabriel Valdés Subercaseaux (July 3, 1919 – September 7, 2011) was a Chilean politician, lawyer and diplomat. Valdes served as the Minister of Foreign Affairs of Chile under President Eduardo Frei Montalva from 1964 to 1970. A vocal opponent of the military dictatorship of Augusto Pinochet, which held power from 1973 to 1990, Valdés worked for Chile's transition to democracy.
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Reuben B. Robertson Jr. Reuben B. Robertson Jr. (June 27, 1908 – March 13, 1960) was an American businessman who served as United States Deputy Secretary of Defense from 1955 to 1957.
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National Bolivarian Armed Forces of Venezuela The National Bolivarian Armed Forces (Spanish: "Fuerza Armada Nacional Bolivariana" ) are controlled by the Commander-in-Chief (the President) and a civilian Minister of Defense. In addition to the army, navy, and air force there is also a national guard and national militia primarily focused on internal security.
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William Perry (disambiguation) William Perry (born 1927) is an American businessman and former Secretary of Defense.
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Carlos A. Chardón López Carlos E. Chardon López (born ca. 17 of January 1939) is a Puerto Rican educator and public servant. He has served twice as Secretary of the Puerto Rico Department of Education and subsequently served under Secretary of State Kenneth McClintock as the first and only Assistant Secretary of State for Governmental Affairs.
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Miguel González Avelar Miguel González Avelar (March 19, 1937 – November 22, 2011) was a Mexican politician who served as the Secretary of Public Education from 1985 to 1988 within the government of President Miguel de la Madrid. He died from heart and renal failure on November 22, 2011, at the age of 74.
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Jay M. Cohen Jay Martin Cohen (born December 12, 1946) is a retired Rear Admiral of the United States Navy and former Under Secretary of Homeland Security for Science and Technology of the United States Department of Homeland Security.
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Israel Hernandez Israel Hernandez served as the Assistant Secretary of Commerce for International Trade and Promotion and Director-General of the United States Commercial Service under President George W. Bush. He was confirmed by the U.S. Senate on October 3, 2005. This U.S. government agency is a global trade office with presence in more than 47 states and 80 countries to protect and advance U.S. trade interestes abroad and provides international business advocacy assistance at the federal, state and local level. In January 2009, Hernandez was appointed to the President's Advisory Committee for Trade Policy and Negotiations (ACTPN) for a five-year term at the United States Trade Representative's Office in the Executive Office of the President.
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Rafael Trujillo Rafael Leónidas Trujillo Molina (] ; 24 October 1891 – 30 May 1961), nicknamed "El Jefe" (] , "The Chief" or "The Boss"), was a Dominican politician and soldier, who ruled the Dominican Republic from February 1930 until his assassination in May 1961. He served as president from 1930 to 1938 and again from 1942 to 1952, ruling for the rest of the time as an unelected military strongman under figurehead presidents. His 31 years in power, to Dominicans known as the Trujillo Era (Spanish: "El Trujillato" ), are considered one of the bloodiest eras ever in the Americas, as well as a time of a personality cult, when monuments to Trujillo were in abundance. Rafael Trujillo was responsible for many deaths including between 547 and 12,166 in the Parsley massacre.
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James G. Roche James Gerard Roche (born December 16, 1939) was the 20th Secretary of the Air Force, serving from January 20, 2001 to January 20, 2005. Prior to serving as secretary, Roche served in the United States Navy for 23 years, and as an executive with Northrop Grumman.