Holger Sinding-Larsen was most associated with his work at a fortressed used as what?
816711a4652aa5f4612d7ec6dabbb62d
Holger Sinding-Larsen Petter Andreas Holger Sinding-Larsen (5 July 1869 – 12 December 1938) was a Norwegian architect. He is most associated with his work at Akershus Fortress, where he was a member of the restoration committee and architect from 1905-1922.
45590cb7176f912e91ae93b381bcd7c2
Akershus Fortress Akershus Fortress (Norwegian: "Akershus Festning" ) or Akershus Castle (Norwegian: "Akershus slott" ) is a medieval castle that was built to protect Oslo, the capital of Norway. It has also been used as a palace and as a prison.
eede95fb90c1b4c815398682ce1c5bfe
Fortifications of Malta The fortifications of Malta consist of a number of walled cities, citadels, forts, towers, batteries, redoubts, entrenchments and pillboxes. The fortifications were built over thousands of years, from around 1450 BC to the mid-20th century, and they are a result of the Maltese islands' strategic position and natural harbours, which have made them very desirable for various powers.
61be6882f17a3808b88319197953ff1f
Antwerp Citadel Antwerp Citadel (Spanish: "Castillo de Amberes" , Dutch: "Kasteel van Antwerpen" ) was a pentagonal bastion fort built to defend and dominate the city of Antwerp in the early stages of the Dutch Revolt. It has been described as "doubtlesse the most matchlesse piece of modern Fortification in the World" and as "one of the most studied urban installations of the sixteenth century".
74af8cb348fdc1cec4ed3b0b98e113e2
Fort Hommet Fort Hommet (or Fort Houmet) is a fortification on Vazon Bay headland (or "houmet" in Guernésiais) in Castel, Guernsey. It is built on the site of fortifications that date back to 1680, and consists of a Martello tower from 1804, later additions during the Victorian Era, and bunkers and casemates that the Germans constructed during World War II.
ace0716fce67ef6a7bfb400aebd9c7d6
Kongsvinger Fortress Kongsvinger Fortress (Norwegian: "Kongsvinger festning" ) is located in the city and municipality of Kongsvinger in the county of Hedmark, Norway. It is situated on a hill west and north of the Glomma river, standing astride the ancient Vinger Royal Road, which connected Norway and Värmland, Sweden as well as on the north-south Norwegian route along the Glomma. As Kongsvinger formed a key junction point for these routes, fortifications were constructed there to protect against invasion from the east.
bc1d64855a4bf150bcdd8fbb6bda870a
Fjell Fortress Fjell Fortress (Norwegian: "Fjell festning" ) is located on the island of Sotra in the municipality of Fjell, Hordaland county, Norway.
4bf06df9913242d34be9aa7967f0a422
Kulla Gunnarstorp Castle Kulla Gunnarstorp Castle (Swedish: "Kulla Gunnarstorps slott" ) is a castle in Helsingborg Municipality, Scania, in southern Sweden. The old castle was built in the 16th century by Jørgen Ottesen Brahe. In the 19th century there was also built a new one by Baltzar von Platen (1804-1875).
be59b5948c50b0f42c2660183c34f16d
Angband In J. R. R. Tolkien's fantasy world of Middle-earth, Angband (Sindarin for 'iron prison') is the name of the fortress of Melkor, constructed before the First Age, located in the Iron Mountains in the enemy's land Dor Daedeloth north of Beleriand.
75f04e6a3d88a66c304dde7e80487401
Flak tower Flak towers (German: "Flaktürme" ) were eight complexes of large, above-ground, anti-aircraft gun blockhouse towers constructed by Nazi Germany in the cities of Berlin (3), Hamburg (2), and Vienna (3) from 1940 onwards. Other cities that used flak towers included Stuttgart and Frankfurt. Smaller single-purpose flak towers were built at key outlying German strongpoints, such as at Angers in France, Helgoland in Germany and Trondheim, Norway.
906de1f00bb504809f3464d7540573e8
Berlin Fortress The Berlin Fortress (German "Festung Berlin") was the fortification of the historic city of Berlin. Construction started in 1650. The demolition of its ramparts began in 1740.
71eb5446b054658872f014f28a7addcd
Fort aan den Ham The Fort along Den Ham is a fort that is part of the UNESCO World Heritage site of the Stelling van Amsterdam. It's located along the railroad from Uitgeest to Krommenie. The earthen walls date from 1896, the fort itself was finished in 1903.
002634a0040b8d8be210a8ebbeded66e
Counterguard The counterguard (German: "Kontergarde" , French: "contre-garde" ) is an outwork in a bastioned fortification system that usually comprises only a low rampart and which is sited in front of the actual fortress moat that runs around the bastions or ravelins. The rampart way of a counterguard is, however, so constructed and at least wide enough that it enables the positioning of guns. An additional ditch in front of it guards the work from a frontal enemy assault. The function of counterguards was to protect the higher ravelin or bastion behind it from direct fire and to delay an attack on it as long as possible. So that the counterguards and the works that they were to protect, could not come under simultaneous fire along the line of the rampart they were not allowed to run parallel to one another.
c7e2fc184024c5046b52bd765d7389c8
Christiansø Fortress Christiansø Fortress is one of the historic Norwegian fortresses, which commands the western approaches to Flekkerøy harbor, at Kristiansand municipality in Norway.
d90075d782e324e85fa197df1a5a838e
Redoubt A redoubt (historically redout) is a fort or fort system usually consisting of an enclosed defensive emplacement outside a larger fort, usually relying on earthworks, although some are constructed of stone or brick. It is meant to protect soldiers outside the main defensive line and can be a permanent structure or a hastily constructed temporary fortification. The word means "a place of retreat". Redoubts were a component of the military strategies of most European empires during the colonial era, especially in the outer works of Vauban-style fortresses made popular during the 17th century, although the concept of redoubts has existed since medieval times. A redoubt differs from a redan in that the redan is open in the rear, whereas the redoubt was considered an enclosed work.
74314851532dec423afb30a25dea978b
Trelleborg (Slagelse) The Trelleborg (or Trælleborg) west of Slagelse on the Danish island of Zealand, is one of seven Viking ring castles discovered as of 2014. In its day, the fortress was situated on a peninsula that jutted into the swampy area between two rivers. The swamp was connected to the Great Belt by a lake that at its time could be navigated by Viking ships. Trelleborg is believed to have been ordered by King Harald Bluetooth in the year 980 AD and it might have commanded the Great Belt and its sea traffic, between the islands of Zealand and Funen.
2b6d44aede823f1dabdb10c11a1564f1
Defensive wall A defensive wall is a fortification usually used to protect a city, town or other settlement from potential aggressors. In ancient to modern times, they were used to enclose settlements. Generally, these are referred to as city walls or town walls, although there were also walls, such as the Great Wall of China, Walls of Benin, Hadrian's Wall, Anastasian Wall, the Cyclopean Wall Rajgir and the metaphorical Atlantic Wall, which extended far beyond the borders of a city and were used to enclose regions or mark territorial boundaries. In mountainous terrain, defensive walls such as "letzis" were used in combination with castles to seal valleys from potential attack. Beyond their defensive utility, many walls also had important symbolic functions representing the status and independence of the communities they embraced.
5ff08fb05d7ac9ead2941908a8ae1823
Koblenz Fortress Koblenz Fortress was part of a Prussian fortress system near the city of Koblenz in Germany which consisted of the city fortifications of Koblenz and Ehrenbreitstein and exterior supporting constructions such as entrenchments and forts. Koblenz fortress was built in three stages: 1815-1830, 1859-1868 and 1871-1886. The designers were: Ernst von Aster and Gustav von Rauch. Individual parts of the fortication have been preserved, other parts were demolished over the course of time. For example, in 1890 part of the fortress was declassified, the gates were demolished between 1896-1899 and further structures were demolished in the years 1920-1927.
cabb17dbbd71bf42bc6c11ce552fa49c
Spandau Citadel The Spandau Citadel (German: "Zitadelle Spandau" ) is a fortress in Berlin, Germany, one of the best-preserved Renaissance military structures of Europe. Built from 1559–94 atop a medieval fort on an island created by the meeting of the Havel and the Spree, it was designed to protect the town of Spandau, which is now part of Berlin. In recent years it has been used as a museum and has become a popular tourist spot.
0a481d7bd4b7f38edcaffb1adf8dcbcf
Vordingborg Castle The Vordingborg Castle ruins ("Vordingborg Slotsruin") are located in the town of Vordingborg, Denmark and are the town's most famous attraction.
9c78c869d0921ee664a7d0a6e32f35ce
Castell Du Castell Du (), also known as Sennybridge Castle or Castell Rhyd-y-Briw, is located approximately eight miles west of Brecon in Powys, Wales, and is believed to be the work of Llywelyn ap Gruffudd, Prince of Wales. Its history is largely obscure, but a reference to a castle at Rhyd-y-Briw in a document of 1271 is believed to refer to the fortification, and it is not unreasonable to assume that work commenced on it during Llywelyn's triumphal years in the 1260s. Its life would seem to have been short, as there is no further reference to it in thirteenth-century documents, and it seems likely that it was captured by the forces of Edward I of England during the war of 1276–7 and subsequently abandoned. Much of the site remains to be excavated; the remains of a D-shaped tower are visible, and two other towers may lie under pill-boxes erected during the Second World War.
2bfd1295082d5090657909bede657cbd
VSEL Heavy Engineering Workshop The VSEL Heavy Engineering Workshop located at Michaelson Road in the Barrow Island area of Barrow-in-Furness, Cumbria, England is a Grade II listed former ammunitions workshop that belonged to Vickers Shipbuilding and Engineering. Known locally as the 'Gun Shop' the vast complex was constructed in stages between 1875 and 1900 and consists of 42 by 11 bays (roughly 1100 ft by 360 ft or over 9 acre of land - a larger footprint than nearby Devonshire Dock Hall). The building was a major component of the engineering division within Vickers and supplied the British Army and Royal Navy throughout World War I and World War II. Everything from basic shells to heavy duty gun turrets for ships, tanks and other land vehicles were produced and assembled at the workshop. The Historic England states the following of the building: 'It clearly indicates the scale of operation of the shipbuilding and engineering works at the turn of the century; its roadside frontages make a major contribution to the industrial scene in a town where the buildings of other major C19 industries have been almost completely swept away.'