What philosopher along with Alcibiades, son of Cleinias, and General Archestratus was sent too take Potidean hostages and demolish the city wall during 432 B.C.?
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Archestratus (general) Archestratus (Ancient Greek: Ἀρχέστρατος ) was a general who in 432 BCE was sent by Athens to Potidaea, in which a revolt was brewing, to take Potidean hostages and demolish the city wall. It is possible this expedition included the general Alcibiades and philosopher Socrates.
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Alcibiades Alcibiades, son of Cleinias, from the deme of Scambonidae ( ; Greek: Ἀλκιβιάδης Κλεινίου Σκαμβωνίδης , transliterated "Alkibiádēs Kleiníou Skambōnídēs"; c. 450–404 BC), was a prominent Athenian statesman, orator, and general. He was the last famous member of his mother's aristocratic family, the Alcmaeonidae, which fell from prominence after the Peloponnesian War. He played a major role in the second half of that conflict as a strategic advisor, military commander, and politician.
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Peisistratus (disambiguation) Peisistratus was a tyrant of Athens, Greece, three different times between 561 and 528 BC.
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Ophellas Ophellas or Ophelas (fl. c. 350 – 300 BC) was an Ancient Macedonian soldier and politician. Born in Pella in Macedonia, he was a member of the expeditionary army of Alexander the Great in Asia, and later acted as Ptolemaic governor of Cyrene. His father's name was Seilenus.
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Archytas Archytas ( ; Greek: Ἀρχύτας ; 428–347 BC) was an Ancient Greek philosopher, mathematician, astronomer, statesman, and strategist. He was a scientist of the Pythagorean school and famous for being the reputed founder of mathematical mechanics, as well as a good friend of Plato.
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Eulamius Eulamius ( ; Greek: ), born in Phrygia, was, along with Damascius, one of the Athenian philosophers who sought asylum at the court of Khosrau I (r. 531–579) of Persia in 531/532 when Byzantine emperor Justinian I (r. 527–565) closed down the last pagan philosophical schools in Athens. Eulamius disliked his stay in Persia and ultimately returned to Byzantium in 532, protected by a treaty that guaranteed his safety. His name appears as Eulalios (Greek: Eὐλάλιος) in the "Suda" and as Eulamios (Greek: Eὐλάμιος) in the historical works of Agathias.
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Alexander of Phocis Alexander (Gr. Ἀλέξανδρος ) was appointed governor of Phocis by Philip V of Macedon. The Phocian town of Panopeus was commanded by Jason, to whom he had entrusted this post. In concert with him he invited the Aetolians to come and take possession of the town, promising that it should be opened and surrendered to them. The Aetolians, under the comnmand of Aegetas, accordingly entered the town at night; and when their best men were within the walls, they were made prisoners by Alexander and his associate. This happened in 217 BC.
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Artayctes Artaÿctes is a historical figure described in Herodotus' "The Histories". Artayctes, the son of Cherasmis, was a Persian General who commanded the Macrones and Mossynoeci forces in the army of Xerxes during the second Persian invasion of Greece (480-479 BC). During that period, Artayctes was also a Tyrant in Sestos where he was captured and crucified by Athenian forces in 479 BC.
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Anatolius (consul) Anatolius ("fl". 421–451) was a diplomat and general of the Eastern Roman Empire and Consul in 440. He was very influential during the reign of Theodosius II, and held command of the Empire's eastern armies for 13 years and led negotiations with Attila the Hun on several occasions.
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Philonides of Laodicea Philonides (Greek: Φιλωνίδης, c. 200 – c. 130 BCE) of Laodicea in Syria, was an Epicurean philosopher and mathematician who lived in the Seleucid court during the reigns of Antiochus IV Epiphanes and Demetrius I Soter.
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Nearchus of Elea Nearchus (Greek: Νέαρχος , Nearchos) was a tyrant of the ancient Greek city of Elea in Magna Graecia who ruled in the 5th century BC. He is only known from an anecdote in connection with the philosopher Zeno of Elea, whom Nearchus put to the torture for having conspired against his life.
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Chlaeneas Chlaeneas (Ancient Greek: Χλαινέας ), an Aetolian, was sent by his countrymen as ambassador to the Lacedaemonians in 211 BCE, to excite them against Philip V of Macedon. He is reported by the historian Polybius as dwelling very cogently (δυσαντιπ̓π̔ήτως) on the oppressive encroachments of all the successive kings of Macedonia from Philip II of Macedon downwards, as well as on the sure defeat which awaited Philip from the confederacy then formed against him.
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Dionysius of Lamptrai Dionysius (3rd century BC) of Lamptrai was an Epicurean philosopher, who succeeded Polystratus as the head ("scholarch") of the Epicurean school at Athens c. 219 BC. He died c. 205 BC and was succeeded by Basilides.
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Xenocrates Xenocrates ( ; Greek: Ξενοκράτης ; c. 396/5314/3 BC ) of Chalcedon was a Greek philosopher, mathematician, and leader (scholarch) of the Platonic Academy from 339/8 to 314/3 BC. His teachings followed those of Plato, which he attempted to define more closely, often with mathematical elements. He distinguished three forms of being: the sensible, the intelligible, and a third compounded of the two, to which correspond respectively, sense, intellect and opinion. Unity and duality he considered to be gods which rule the universe, and the soul is a self-moving number. God pervades all things, and there are daemonical powers, intermediate between the divine and the mortal, which consist in conditions of the soul. He held that mathematical objects and the Platonic Ideas are identical, unlike Plato who distinguished them. In ethics, he taught that virtue produces happiness, but that external goods can minister to it and enable it to effect its purpose.
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Bryson of Achaea Bryson of Achaea (or Bryson the Achaean; Greek: Βρύσων ὁ Ἀχαιός , "gen".: Βρύσωνος; fl. 330 BCE) was an ancient Greek philosopher.
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Cato the Younger Marcus Porcius Cato Uticensis ( ; 95 BC, Rome – April 46 BC, Utica), commonly known as Cato the Younger ("Cato Minor") to distinguish him from his great-grandfather (Cato the Elder), was a politician and statesman in the late Roman Republic, and a follower of the Stoic philosophy. A noted orator, he is remembered for his stubbornness and tenacity (especially in his lengthy conflict with Julius Caesar), as well as his immunity to bribes, his moral integrity, and his famous distaste for the ubiquitous corruption of the period.
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Lucius Mummius Achaicus Lucius Mummius (2nd century BC), was a Roman statesman and general. He received the agnomen Achaicus for his victories while consul in 146 BC, when he conquered the Achaean League and destroyed the ancient city of Corinth, in the process bringing all of Greece under Roman control.
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Theodorus the Atheist Theodorus the Atheist (Greek: Θεόδωρος ὁ ἄθεος ; c. 340 – c. 250 BC ), of Cyrene, was a philosopher of the Cyrenaic school. He lived in both Greece and Alexandria, before ending his days in his native city of Cyrene. As a Cyrenaic philosopher, he taught that the goal of life was to obtain joy and avoid grief, and that the former resulted from knowledge, and the latter from ignorance. But his principal claim to fame was his alleged atheism. He was usually designated by ancient writers "Atheus" (ὁ ἄθεος ), "the Atheist."
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Cyrus (architect) Cyrus was a Greek architect who lived in Rome in the times of Cicero. He died in 52 BC, on the same day that Publius Clodius Pulcher was killed. It is known that he may have never married or had children even though some resources point that his great-grandchildren were friends of Quintus Mucius Scaevola. He worked as an architect for Cicero, who mentions him as the author of outstanding works in "Ad familiares" 7.14, "Ad Atticum" 2.3, "Ad Quintum" 2.21 and "Pro Milone" 17.
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Boethius Anicius Manlius Severinus Boëthius, commonly called Boethius (English: ; also Boetius ; 480–524 AD), was a Roman senator, consul, "magister officiorum", and philosopher of the early 6th century. He was born four years after Odoacer deposed the last Roman Emperor and declared himself King of Italy, and entered public service under Ostrogothic King Theodoric the Great, who later imprisoned and executed him in 524 on charges of conspiracy to overthrow him. While jailed, Boethius composed his "Consolation of Philosophy", a philosophical treatise on fortune, death, and other issues, which became one of the most popular and influential works of the Middle Ages.
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Lacedaemonius Lacedaemonius (Greek: Λακεδαιμόνιος ) was an Athenian general, the son of Cimon of the Philaid clan. Like his father and grandfather (the famous Miltiades) Lacedaemonius was a general and served Athens, notably in the naval Battle of Sybota against the Corinthians in 433 BC. His name comes from Lacedaemon, another name for the city state of Sparta. Cimon so admired the Spartans he showed them a sign of goodwill by naming his son after their city.
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Axiochus (Alcmaeonid) Axiochus of Scambonidae, son of Alcibiades (II) (Greek: Ἀξίοχος Ἀλκιβιάδου Σκαμβωνίδης, "Axíochos Alkibiádou Skambōnídēs"; mid-5th century – late 5th century BCE) was an ancient Athenian political figure and aristocrat of the Alcmaeonidae family. He was the uncle and cohort of the famous general and statesman Alcibiades (III), whom he accompanied in domestic and foreign affairs. This association led to his recurrence within ancient literature, including works attributed to Plato and Lysias.