What national guard prevented the person Hazel Bryan Massery is famous for shouting at from entering a school?
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Hazel Massery Hazel Bryan Massery (born  1942 ) was a student at Little Rock Central High School during the African-American Civil Rights Movement (1954–1968). She was depicted in an iconic photograph that showed her shouting at Elizabeth Eckford, one of the Little Rock Nine, during the school integration crisis. In her later life, she sought to make amends for her behaviour, briefly becoming friends with Eckford.
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Elizabeth Eckford Elizabeth Eckford (born October 4, 1941) is one of the Little Rock Nine, a group of African-American students who, in 1957, were the first black students ever to attend classes at Little Rock Central High School in Little Rock, Arkansas. The integration came as a result of "Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka". Elizabeth's public ordeal was captured by press photographers on the morning of September 4, 1957, after she was prevented from entering the school by the Arkansas National Guard. A dramatic snapshot by Johnny Jenkins (UPI) showed the young girl being followed and threatened by an angry white mob; this and other photos of the day's startling events were circulated around the US and the world by the print press.
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Miriam Ben-Shalom Miriam Ben-Shalom (Hebrew: מרים בן שלום‎ ‎ , born May 3, 1948) is an American educator, activist and former Staff Sergeant in the United States Army. After being discharged from the military for homosexuality in 1976, she successfully challenged her discharge in court and returned to military service in 1987, the first openly gay person to be reinstated after being discharged under the military's policy excluding homosexuals from military service. She served until 1990 when the Army succeeded in terminating her service after prolonged judicial proceedings.
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Nicholas K. Miller Nicholas K. Miller (born c. 1959) was the Defensive MVP of the 1981 Liberty Bowl, for the Ohio State Buckeyes. As a middle guard, Miller was also voted "Most Inspirational" player, by his teammates in 1981, in addition to his outstanding performance in the Bowl game against Navy. Miller had several sacks throughout the game, giving Navy's offensive line a very difficult time. In Navy's second possession of the game, Miller forced a fumble, recovered by Ohio State.
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Burgess Owens Clarence Burgess Owens (born August 2, 1951 in Columbus, Ohio) is a retired safety who played ten seasons in the National Football League for the New York Jets and the Oakland Raiders. He graduated from Rickards High School in Tallahassee, Florida in 1969, and then attended the University of Miami, where he was a 1st-Team All-American defensive back, Most Valuable Defensive Player of the North–South All Star Game, and MVP of the Coaches All-American Game. He was inducted into the University of Miami Sports Hall Of Fame in 1980, and its Orange Bowl "Ring of Honor" in 1999.
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LeRoy Butler LeRoy Butler III (born July 19, 1968) is a former American football strong safety who played his entire career with the Green Bay Packers (1990–2001). He won Super Bowl XXXI with them over the New England Patriots. He spent his childhood in Jacksonville, Florida, challenged by physical problems that forced him to wear leg braces and use a wheelchair at times while undergoing therapy. In 2007, he was named to the Florida High School Association All-Century Team, which selected the "Top 33" players in the 100-year history of Florida high school football.
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Band camp A band camp typically refers to a high school, college, or university marching band summer camp. Band camp is often mandatory for members of the band, and constitutes the majority of the preparation a marching band makes before its marching season (learning how to march, learning "sets" on the field, memorizing show songs). A high school marching band may travel to a college or university for band camp for use of its facilities (dormitories, fieldhouses, fields) and services, or it may stay at the school. The time at band camp is used for focused rehearsals and time for bonding between band members.The colorguard also learns and rehearses with the marching band.
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Zip Hanna Elzaphan McConnell (Zip) Hanna (December 1, 1916 – January 18, 2001) was an American football guard in the National Football League for the Washington Redskins. Hanna attended Chester High School in Chester, South Carolina. The Middlebrooks family in Gaffney adopted him and he played for Gaffney against Chester where he was burned in effigy. Hanna was invited to play in the first S.C.-N.C. Shrine Bowl, but rejected the invitation as Gaffney was playing for the Southeastern Football Championship. He played college football at the University of South Carolina. In 1946, suffering from knee injuries, he became a player-coach of the Charlotte Clippers semi-pro team. In the latter part of 1946, he became chief of police in Rock Hill, S.C. In 1955, he accepted the position of chief of police in Aiken, S.C., from which he retired. Not one to be content in retirement, he moved to the Piedmont area of the Palmetto State and formed a home builders group. Hanna suffered from dementia, blackouts and a heart condition. Later tests confirmed brain injuries as a result of concussions. He died in 2001 as a baptized Christian at the VA Hospital in Asheville, NC.
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Forest K. Ferguson Forest King Ferguson, Jr. (June 21, 1919 – May 15, 1954), nicknamed Fergie Ferguson, was an American college athlete who attended the University of Florida and was a member of the university's football, boxing, and track and field teams, and later served as a decorated officer in the U.S. Army. He is remembered as one of the most remarkable athletes that the University of Florida ever produced.
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Stand in the Schoolhouse Door The Stand in the Schoolhouse Door took place at Foster Auditorium at the University of Alabama on June 11, 1963. George Wallace, the Democratic Governor of Alabama, in a symbolic attempt to keep his inaugural promise of "segregation now, segregation tomorrow, segregation forever" and stop the desegregation of schools, stood at the door of the auditorium to try to block the entry of two black students, Vivian Malone and James Hood.
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De Vic Carey Sir de Vic Graham Carey was born in Guernsey on 15 June 1940, the son of advocate V M G de Vic ("Michael") Carey and Jean (née Bullen). At the age of 10 days he evacuated to England with his parents in the face of German invasion. His grandfather Victor ( later Sir Victor) Carey remained as Bailiff and Civil Lieutenant Governor throughout the occupation. His father joined the Somerset Light Infantry and de Vic's early years were spent in Somerset. The family returned to Guernsey in 1945. de Vic was sent away to board at Cheam School and then Bryanston. In 1959 he matriculated at Trinity Hall, Cambridge and graduated as a BA in 1962 (MA 1967).
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Lee v. Weisman Lee v. Weisman, 505 U.S. 577 (1992) was a United States Supreme Court decision regarding school prayer. It was the first major school prayer case decided by the Rehnquist Court. It ruled that schools may not sponsor clerics to conduct even non-denominational prayer. The Court followed a broad interpretation of the Establishment Clause that had been standard for decades at the nation's highest court, a reaffirmation of the principles of such landmark cases as "Engel v. Vitale", 370 U.S. 421 (1962) and "Abington v. Schempp", 374 U.S. 203 (1963) .
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Brian Blados Brian Blados (born January 11, 1962) is a former American football guard and tackle who played nine seasons with the Cincinnati Bengals, Indianapolis Colts and Tampa Bay Buccaneers in the National Football League. He attended Washington-Lee High School with Sandra Bullock, who was two years behind him. His high school teammates called him "Mutton Head" because his head was "as big as a lamb and full of wool."
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Warren Terhune Warren Jay Terhune (May 3, 1869 – November 3, 1920) was a United States Navy Commander, and the 13th Governor of American Samoa. Terhune was born in Midland, New Jersey, and lived in New Jersey most of his life when not posted elsewhere. He was appointed to the United States Naval Academy in 1889, and graduated as a Lieutenant in 1899. He was stationed on numerous ships, and held command of various ships and stations throughout his career. His most notable command posts include the Seventh Naval District of South Florida and the Naval Air Station Key West within his jurisdiction. His largest engagement came when President William Howard Taft ordered the United States Marine Corps to Nicaragua in an attempt to put down a rebellion there, primarily out of the city of Managua. Terhune commanded the "USS Annapolis", which landed hundreds of troops to quell the violence and protect American civilians and property.
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Emma Sansom High School Emma Sansom High School (opened 1929 - closed 2006) was a high school located in Gadsden, Alabama. It was named for a young girl (Emma Sansom) who was credited with helping General Nathan Bedford Forrest to cross Black Creek in Gadsden, Alabama and get his troops ahead of the Union troops thus stopping the impending attack upon Rome, Georgia during the Civil War.
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Arlington Hall Arlington Hall (also called Arlington Hall Station) was a former girls' school and the headquarters of the United States Army's Signal Intelligence Service (SIS) cryptography effort during World War II. The site presently houses the George P. Shultz National Foreign Affairs Training Center, and the Army National Guard's Herbert R. Temple, Jr. Readiness Center. It is located on Arlington Boulevard (U.S. Route 50) between S. Glebe Road (State Route 120) and S. George Mason Drive in Arlington, Virginia.
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Indiana National Guard The Indiana National Guard is the armed force of the state of Indiana. It consists of the Indiana Army National Guard and the Indiana Air National Guard, and is part of the larger Army National Guard and the Air National Guard. With roots dating back to 1801, the origination of the guard was first began in 1846 during the Mexican–American War, and was reorganized into its current configuration in 1903. Since then the guard has served at home and abroad as a part of multiple wars, disaster relief actions, and putting down strikes and riots.
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Edna Dean Baker Edna Dean Baker (1883–1956) was an educator, author, and President of the National Kindergarten and Elementary College (later to become National-Louis University) from 1920 to 1949. She was an early advocate for kindergarten style early childhood education in the United States.
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Alice Piper Alice Piper (7 June 1908 – 22 August 1985) was a Paiute (Nuwuvi) girl residing in Big Pine, California who petitioned to attend the newly built Big Pine High School in 1923 and was denied entry due to her race. At that time, California educational law prohibited Native American children from attending a public school if a separate government run Indian school was established within three miles of the public school.
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Mike L. Jones Michael Lenere Jones (born November 10, 1966) is a former American football player. A native of Bridgeport, Connecticut, Jones was a three-sport star and high school all-American amassing several state championships for Warren Harding High School. He attended the University of Michigan on a football and baseball scholarship. While at Harding he played football, basketball and baseball winning 9 total state championships and was a high school All-American in all three sports. He was a 4 time all state basketball, football and 2 time baseball player.
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Constance Clayton Constance ("Connie") Elaine Clayton, PhD, EdD (maiden; born 1933) is an American educator and civic leader. Notably, from 1982 to 1993, she was the Superintendent of the School District of Philadelphia. Clayton holds distinctions of (i) being the first woman and (ii) the first African American to serve as Superintendent of Schools in Philadelphia. In 1992, the University of Pennsylvania Graduate School of Education established the Constance E. Clayton Professorship, a first in the name of an African American woman at an Ivy League institution. Clayton is known for her "forceful persona" and "no-nonsense" approach and for her advocacy for children.
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Bown v. Gwinnett County School District Bown v. Gwinnett County School District, 112 F.3d 1464 (11th Cir. 1997), refers to an Eleventh Circuit Court case in which the plaintiff, Brian Brown, a school teacher, challenged as an unconstitutional Establishment Clause violation Georgia's law requiring a "Moment of Quiet Reflection". The Court ruled that the Moment of Quiet Reflection was not unconstitutional. The Supreme Court of the United States denied certiorari for an appeal.