On which date was the treaty signed by the Ottoman government rebelled against by The Turkish National Movement?
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Turkish National Movement The Turkish National Movement (Turkish: "Türk Ulusal Hareketi" ) encompasses the political and military activities of the Turkish revolutionaries that resulted in the creation and shaping of the modern Republic of Turkey, as a consequence of the defeat of the Ottoman Empire in World War I and the subsequent occupation of Constantinople and partitioning of the Ottoman Empire by the Allies under the terms of the Armistice of Mudros. The Ottomans saw the movement as part of an international conspiracy against them. The Turkish revolutionaries rebelled against this partitioning and against the Treaty of Sèvres, signed in 1920 by the Ottoman government, which partitioned portions of Anatolia itself.
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Treaty of Sèvres The Treaty of Sèvres (French: "Traité de Sèvres" ) was one of a series of treaties that the Central Powers signed after their defeat in World War I. Hostilities had already ended with the Armistice of Mudros. The treaty was signed on 10 August 1920, in an exhibition room at the Manufacture nationale de Sèvres porcelain factory in Sèvres, France.
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Kuva-yi Milliye Kuva-yi Milliye (Ottoman Turkish: "قواي ملّيه", "Kuvâ-yi Milliye" meaning either "National Forces" or "Nationalist Forces" in Ottoman Turkish) refers to the irregular Turkish militia forces in the early period of the Turkish War of Independence. These irregular forces emerged after the occupation of the parts of Turkey by the Allied forces in accordance with the Armistice of Mudros. Later, "Kuva-yi Milliye" was integrated to the regular army ("Kuva-yi Nizamiye") of the Grand National Assembly. Some historians call this period (1918–20) of the Turkish War of Independence the "Kuva-yi Milliye phase".
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Moresby Treaty The Moresby Treaty was an anti-slavery treaty made between Sayyid Said, Sultan of Muscat and Oman and Fairfax Moresby, senior officer of Mauritius, on behalf of Britain in September 1822.
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Constitution of the Cretan State The Constitution of the Cretan State (Greek: Σύνταγμα της Κρητικής Πολιτείας ) was the constitution of the Cretan State, an autonomous state under Ottoman suzerainty and guaranteed by the Great Powers, encompassing the island of Crete (now in Greece). It came into effect on 8 February 1907. It remained in force until 1908, when the Cretans unilaterally proclaimed the island's union with Greece during the Bosnian Crisis. Although this act was not internationally recognized, Crete was governed thereafter according to the laws of the Kingdom of Greece, until it was formally united with Greece in December 1913, following the Balkan Wars.
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Occupation of Constantinople The Occupation of Constantinople (Turkish: "İstanbul'un İşgali" ) (November 13, 1918 – September 23, 1923), the capital of the Ottoman Empire, by British, French and Italian forces, took place in accordance with the Armistice of Mudros, which ended Ottoman participation in the First World War. The first French troops entered the city on November 12, 1918, followed by British troops the next day. The Italian troops landed in Galata on February 7, 1919.
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Siege of Constantinople (1411) The Siege of Constantinople of 1411 occurred during the Ottoman Interregnum, or Ottoman Civil War, (20 July 1402 – 5 July 1413), when chaos reigned in the Ottoman Empire following the defeat of Sultan Bayezid I by the Central Asian warlord Timur. Although Mehmed Çelebi was confirmed as sultan by Timur after the Battle of Ankara, his brothers İsa Çelebi, Musa Çelebi, Süleyman Çelebi, and later, Mustafa Çelebi, refused to recognize his authority, each claiming the throne for himself. A civil war was the result. The Interregnum lasted until the Battle of Camurlu on 5 July 1413, when Mehmed Çelebi emerged as victor in the strife, crowned himself sultan Mehmed I, and restored peace to the empire.
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Kuva-yi Inzibatiye The Kuvâ-i İnzibâtiyye (Ottoman Turkish: قوا انضباطيّه‎ , 'Forces of Order' ; Turkish: "Hilafet Ordusu" , 'Caliphate Army' ) was an army established on 18 April 1920 by the imperial government of the Ottoman Empire in order to fight against the Turkish National Movement in the aftermath of World War I. It was commanded by Süleyman Şefik Pasha.
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Treaty of Sistova The Treaty of Sistova ended the last Austro-Turkish war (1787–91). Brokered by Great Britain, Prussia and the Netherlands, it was signed in Sistova (modern Svishtov) in present-day Bulgaria on 4 August 1791. The treaty was written in French and Turkish.
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Treaty of Bardo The Treaty of Bardo (or Treaty of Qsar es-S'id, Treaty of Ksar Said) was signed on May 12, 1881 between representatives of the French Republic and Tunisian bey Muhammed as-Sadiq. A raid of Algeria by the Tunisian Kroumer tribe served as a pretext for French armed forces to invade Tunisia. Jules Ferry, the French foreign minister, managed to send a French expeditionary force of approximately 36,000 troops to defeat the Kroumer tribe. The French met little resistance from both the Kroumer tribe and from as-Sadiq. Eventually, the French withdrew their forces after signing the treaty. However, the terms of the agreement gave France responsibility for the defence and foreign policy decisions of Tunisia. The military occupation was stated to be temporary; nevertheless Tunis became a French protectorate.
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Capitulations of the Ottoman Empire Capitulations of the Ottoman Empire were contracts between the Ottoman Empire and European powers, particularly France. Turkish capitulations, or ahdnames, were generally bilateral acts whereby definite arrangements were entered into by each contracting party towards the other, not mere concessions.
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Russo-Turkish War (1828–1829) The Russo-Turkish War of 1828–1829 was sparked by the Greek War of Independence. The war broke out after the Sultan closed the Dardanelles to Russian ships and revoked the Akkerman Convention in retaliation for Russian participation in the Battle of Navarino.
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Truce of Adrianople (1547) The Truce of Adrianople in 1547, named after the Ottoman city of Adrianople (present-day Edirne), was signed between Charles V and Suleiman the Magnificent. Through this treaty, Ferdinand I of Austria and Charles V recognized total Ottoman control of Hungary, and even agreed to pay to the Ottomans a yearly tribute of 30,000 gold florins for their Habsburg possessions in northern and western Hungary. The Treaty followed important Ottoman victories in Hungary, such as the Siege of Esztergom (1543).
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Konya rebellion The Konya rebellion (Turkish: "Konya Ayaklanması" ), also known as the Delibaş Rebellion (Turkish: "Delibaş Ayaklanması" ) named after the rebel leader Delibaş Mehmet Agha, was an uprising in Konya against the Turkish national movement during the Turkish War of Independence.
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Occupation of Turkish Armenia The occupation of Turkish Armenia by the Russian Empire during World War I began in 1915 formally ended by the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk. It was sometimes referred to as the "Republic of Van" by Armenians, because the occupation imitated in Van. Aram Manukian of Armenian Revolutionary Federation was the "de facto" head until July 1915. It was briefly referred to as "Free Vaspurakan". After a setback beginning in August 1915, it was re-established in June 1916. From December 1917, it was under Transcaucasian Commissariat, with Hakob Zavriev as the Commissar, and during the early stages of the establishment of First Republic of Armenia, it was included with other Armenian National Councils in a briefly unified Armenia.
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Treaty of Constantinople Treaty of Constantinople or Treaty of Istanbul may refer to the following treaties signed in Constantinople (modern Istanbul, Turkey):
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Treaty of Tafna The Treaty of Tafna was signed by both Abd-el-Kader and General Thomas Robert Bugeaud on 30 May 1837. This agreement was developed after French imperial forces sustained heavy losses and military reversals in Algeria. The terms of the treaty entailed Abd-el-Kader recognizing French imperial sovereignty in Africa. However, the price France had to pay for acquiring recognition entailed its secession of approximately two-thirds of Algeria to Abd-el-Kader (i.e. the provinces of Oran, Koléa, Médéa, Tlemcen and Algiers). As a result of the treaty, France was only able to maintain a few ports.
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Treaty of Lausanne Monument and Museum The Treaty of Lausanne Monument and Museum (Turkish: "Lozan Anıtı ve Müzesi" ) are a monument and a museum dedicated to the Treaty of Lausanne of 1923. The monument, opened in 1998, is located at Karaağaç, Edirne in Turkey, and the museum is next to it in the former train station building.
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Suleiman II Suleiman II (15 April 1642 – 22/23 June 1691) (Ottoman Turkish: سليمان ثانى "Süleymān-i sānī") was the Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1687 to 1691. After being brought to the throne by an armed mutiny, Suleiman and his grand vizier Fazıl Mustafa Pasha were successfully able to turn the tide of the War of the Holy League, reconquering Belgrade in 1690, as well as carrying out significant fiscal and military reforms.
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Ottoman Interregnum The Ottoman Interregnum, or the Ottoman Civil War (20 July 1402 – 5 July 1413; Turkish: "Fetret Devri" , "Interregnum Period"), was a civil war in the Ottoman Empire between the sons of Sultan Bayezid I following the defeat of their father by the Central Asian warlord Timur at the Battle of Ankara on 20 July 1402. Although Mehmed Çelebi was confirmed as sultan by Timur, his brothers İsa Çelebi, Musa Çelebi, Süleyman Çelebi, and later, Mustafa Çelebi, refused to recognize his authority, each claiming the throne for himself. Civil war was the result. The Interregnum lasted for 11 years until the Battle of Çamurlu on 5 July 1413, when Mehmed Çelebi emerged as victor in the strife, crowned himself sultan Mehmed I, and restored the empire.
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Mahmud I Mahmud I (Ottoman Turkish: محمود اول‎ , Turkish: "I. Mahmud" , 2 August 1696 13 December 1754) was the Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1730 to 1754.
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Treaty of Tumlong The Treaty of Tumlong was a March 1861 treaty between Great Britain and the Kingdom of Sikkim in present-day north India. Signed by Sir Ashley Eden on behalf of the British and Sikkimese Chogyal, Sidkeong Namgyal, the treaty secured protection for travellers to Sikkim and guaranteed free trade, thereby making the state a "de facto" British protectorate.