The Santa Veracruz Church was established by what Spanish Conquistador?
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Santa Veracruz Church, Mexico City The Santa Veracruz Church in the historic center of Mexico City is one of the oldest religious establishments in Mexico City and was the third most important church in the area in the 16th century. It was established by a religious brotherhood founded by Hernán Cortés.
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Hernán Cortés Hernán Cortés de Monroy y Pizarro Altamirano, Marquis of the Valley of Oaxaca (] ; 1485 – December 2, 1547) was a Spanish "Conquistador" who led an expedition that caused the fall of the Aztec Empire and brought large portions of mainland Mexico under the rule of the King of Castile in the early 16th century. Cortés was part of the generation of Spanish colonizers who began the first phase of the Spanish colonization of the Americas.
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Alfonso de la Mota y Escobar Alfonso de la Mota y Escobar (18 May 1546 – 16 March 1625) was a Roman Catholic prelate who served as Bishop of Tlaxcala (Puebla de los Angeles) (1607-1625), Bishop of Guadalajara (1598-1607), and Bishop Elect of Nicaragua (1594-1595).
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Chapel of San Jacinto The Chapel of San Jacinto (Spanish: "Capilla de San Jacinto" ) is a Roman Catholic chapel located in the town of Salcajá, Guatemala. It is said to have been founded by the Franciscans in 1524, the same year the Maya K'iche' kingdom was conquered by the Spanish conquistadores, and is claimed to be the first church built in Central America. Although there is no historical evidence to support that claim, the chapel can be considered a fine example of early Spanish colonial architecture.
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Roque González y de Santa Cruz Roque González de Santa Cruz, S.J. (17 November 1576 - 15 November 1628), was a Jesuit priest who was the first missionary among the Guarani people in Brazil. He is honored as a martyr and saint by the Catholic Church.
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Basilica of Our Lady of Guadalupe The Basilica of Our Lady of Guadalupe (Spanish: "Basílica de Nuestra Señora de Guadalupe" ) is a Roman Catholic church, basilica and National shrine of Mexico in the north of Mexico City. The shrine was built near the hill of Tepeyac where Our Lady of Guadalupe is believed to have appeared to Saint Juan Diego Cuauhtlatoatzin. This site is also known as "La Villa de Guadalupe" or, in a more popular sense, simply "La Villa", as it has several churches and related buildings.
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Tlaltecuhtli Tlaltecuhtli ] is a pre-Columbian Mesoamerican deity, identified from sculpture and iconography dating to the Late Postclassic period of Mesoamerican chronology (ca. 1200–1519), primarily among the Mexica (Aztec) and other Nahuatl-speaking cultures. Tlaltecuhtli is also known from several post-conquest manuscripts that surveyed Mexica mythology and belief systems, such as the "Histoyre du méchique" compiled in the mid-16th century.
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Domingo de la Anunciación Domingo de la Anunciación (1510–1591), born Juan de Ecija (also spelled as Ecía), was a Spanish Dominican missionary in New Spain (now Mexico).
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Pedro de los Ríos Fray Pedro de los Ríos (died 1563–1565) was a Domician missionary in Mexico in the mid-16th century. Little is known about him, but he contributed to the creation of the manuscripts now known as the Codex Telleriano-Remensis and Codex Vaticanus A, which describe Aztec culture and history. The Codex Vaticanus A is also known as the Codex Ríos, after Pedro de los Ríos.
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John of Ávila John of Ávila (Spanish: "Juan de Ávila" ; 6 January 1499– 10 May 1569) was a Spanish priest, preacher, scholastic author, and religious mystic, who has been declared a saint and Doctor of the Church by the Catholic Church. He is called the "Apostle of Andalusia", for his extensive ministry in that region.
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Indigenous peoples of Mexico Indigenous peoples of Mexico (Spanish: "pueblos indígenas de México" ), Native Mexicans (Spanish: "nativos mexicanos" ), or Mexican Indians (Spanish: "indios mexicanos" ), are those who are part of communities that trace their roots back to populations and communities that existed in what is now Mexico prior to the arrival of Europeans.
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Diego de Roxas Diego de Roxas or Rojas (1500–1543) was a Spanish Military, Explored, Conquistador of Central America and South America.
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La Malinche La Malinche (] ; c. 1496 or c. 1501 – c. 1529), known also as Malinalli ] , Malintzin ] or Doña Marina ] , was a Nahua woman from the Mexican Gulf Coast, who played a role in the Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire, acting as an interpreter, advisor, mistress, and intermediary for the Spanish conquistador, Hernán Cortés. She was one of 20 women slaves given to the Spaniards by the natives of Tabasco in 1519. Later, she became a mistress to Cortés and gave birth to his first son, Martín, who is considered one of the first Mestizos (people of mixed European and indigenous American ancestry).
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Juan de Oñate Juan de Oñate y Salazar (1550–1626) was a conquistador from New Spain, explorer, and colonial governor of the province of Santa Fe de Nuevo México in the viceroyalty of New Spain. He led early Spanish expeditions to the Great Plains and Lower Colorado River Valley, encountering numerous indigenous tribes in their homelands there. Oñate founded settlements in the province, now in the Southwestern United States.
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Juan de Salmerón Juan de Salmerón was a Spanish colonial official New Spain, and an "oidor" (judge) of the Second Audiencia, which governed the colony from January 10, 1531 until April 16, 1534. On the latter date, the government was turned over to Antonio de Mendoza, the first viceroy. Along with Fray Toribio de Benavente Motolinia he built the first European settlement at Puebla, Puebla.
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Santa Cruz Map The Santa Cruz Map is the earliest known city map of Mexico City as the Spanish capital. The map depicts the city with its important buildings, streets, and waterways surrounded by the lakes of the basin of the Valley of Mexico and the countryside beyond. It also represents images of social life, animals and plants. It was painted between 1550 and 1556 on parchment and is thought to have been created at the university at Tlatelolco, shown on the map.
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Francisco de Manso Zuñiga y Sola Francisco de Manso Zuñiga y Sola (1587 – December 27, 1655) was a Roman Catholic prelate who served as Archbishop of Burgos (1640–1655), Archbishop (Personal Title) of Cartagena (1637–1640), and as Archbishop of Mexico (1627–1634).
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Marquisate of the Valley of Oaxaca The Marquisate of the Valley of Oaxaca (Spanish: "Marquesado del Valle de Oaxaca" ) is a hereditary marquisal title in the Spanish nobility and a former seignorial estate in New Spain. It was granted to Don Hernán Cortés, "conquistador" who led the conquest of the Aztec Empire, by Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor in 1529. Despite its name, the marquisate covered a much larger area than the Valley of Oaxaca, comprising a vast stretch of land in the present-day Mexican states of Oaxaca, Morelos, Veracruz, Michoacán and Mexico.
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History of Mexico The history of Mexico, a country in the southern portion of North America, covers a period of more than three millennia. First populated more than 13,000 years ago, the territory had complex indigenous civilizations before being conquered and colonized by the Spanish in the 16th century. One of the important aspects of Mesoamerican civilizations was their development of a form of writing, so that Mexico's written history stretches back hundreds of years before the arrival of the Spaniards in 1519. This era before the arrival of Europeans is called variously the prehispanic era or the precolumbian era.
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Jorge Robledo (conquistador) Jorge Robledo (1500, Úbeda, Jaén, Spain – 5 October, 1546, La Merced, Caldas, New Kingdom of Granada) was a Spanish conquistador. He traveled in Colombia, Guatemala, and Peru and was executed by decapitation by order of Sebastián de Belalcázar.
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Alonso Álvarez de Pineda Alonso Álvarez de Pineda (] ; Aldeacentenera, 1494-1520) was a Spanish explorer and cartographer who was first documented in Texas history . In 1517 he led several expeditions to map the western coastlines of the Gulf of Mexico, from the Yucatán Peninsula to the Pánuco River, just north of Veracruz . Ponce de León had previously mapped parts of Florida, which he believed to be an island . Antón de Alaminos' exploration eliminated the western areas as being the site of the passage, leaving the land between the Pánuco River and Florida to be mapped.
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Francisco Hernández expedition (1570–77) The Francisco Hernández expedition (Spanish: "Comisión de Francisco Hernández a Nueva España" ) is considered to be the first scientific expedition to the New World, led by Francisco Hernández de Toledo, a naturalist and physician of the Court of King Philip II, who was highly regarded in Spain because of his works on herbal medicine.