Where was the instrument maker working in the 60s that reasoned that a viola played vertically could be made larger born?
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Vertical viola The standard viola is about as big as can conveniently be played under the chin. The physicist/instrument maker Carleen Hutchins, working during the 1960s, reasoned that a viola played vertically could be made larger, and that a larger viola might produce a better sound. Based on principles of instrument design she had observed in top-quality existing instruments, Hutchins designed a viola about longer than the regular viola, intended to be played vertically like a cello. (Despite Hutchins's original intention, a few violists have played her viola horizontally.)
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Carleen Hutchins Carleen Maley Hutchins (May 24, 1911 – August 7, 2009) was an American former high school science teacher, violinmaker and researcher, best known for her creation, in the 1950s/60s, of a family of eight proportionally-sized violins now known as the violin octet (e.g., the vertical viola) and for a considerable body of research into the acoustics of violins. She was born in Springfield, Massachusetts.
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Martha Blackman Martha Elizabeth Blackman (born January 1, 1927, in Dallas, Texas) is an American viola da gamba player and lutenist, and the first American to perform on and teach the viol.
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Ellie Mannette Elliot "Ellie" Mannette (born 5 November 1927) is a Trinidadian musical instrument maker and Steel Pan musician, also known as "father of the modern steel pan instrument".
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Bernardo Chavez Rico Bernardo Chavez Rico (born October 13, 1941 – December 3, 1999) was an American luthier specializing in guitars. Known as Bernie Rico Sr. or simply B.C., Rico was born in East Los Angeles, California. Working with his father, Rico began his career building Flamenco, Classical guitars, banjos, and ukuleles in the 1950s. Rico's original instruments were acoustic guitars made under the name B.C. Rico. These acoustic guitars are very rare, with about 300 surviving.
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Simone Mantia Simone Mantia (6 February 1873 – 25 June 1951) was an American baritone horn/euphonium virtuoso and also trombone artist at the turn of the twentieth century. He was both a performer and administrator with many American band and orchestral ensembles. On baritone/euphonium he is often cited as the master of the instrument in his time.
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Boris Belkin Boris Belkin (born January 26, 1948) is a Soviet-born violin virtuoso.
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Mark Levinson (audio equipment designer) Mark Levinson (born December 11, 1946) is an American audio equipment designer, recording and mastering engineer, multi-instrumentalist musician, and serial entrepreneur responsible for developing some of the most respected products and brand names in the high-performance audio industry.
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Hammer Stradivarius The Hammer Stradivarius is an antique violin made by Italian luthier Antonio Stradivari (1644–1737) of Cremona. The back measures 36 cm, bearing the label inside: ""Antonius Stradivarius Cremonensis/Faciebat Anno 1707"". Dating from 1707, it was made during Stradivari's 'golden' period.
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Alessandro Rolla Alessandro Rolla (] ; 22 April 175715 September 1841) was an Italian viola and violin virtuoso, composer, conductor and teacher. His son, Antonio Rolla, was also a violin virtuoso and composer.
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Simon Standage Simon Andrew Thomas Standage (born 8 November 1941 in High Wycombe, Buckinghamshire) is an English violinist and conductor best known for playing and conducting music of the baroque and classical eras on original instruments.
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Andreas Lidel Andreas Lidel (Liedl, Lidl) (c. 1740, Austria - c. 1789, London, England), composer and virtuoso performer on the baryton (viola di bardone) and viola da gamba. From 1769 to 1774 he was in service at the court of the Prince Nikolaus Esterházy where he might have studied composition with Joseph Haydn. By 1778 Lidel had settled in London. His printed compositions include mostly chamber music for string instruments (duos, trios, quartets, quintets, etc.) in the Viennese classical style. Schubart praised Lidel as the inventor (which was not true) and the most perfect virtuoso of baryton.
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Lionel Tertis Lionel Tertis, CBE (29 December 187622 February 1975) was an English violist and one of the first viola players to find international fame. He was also a noted teacher.
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Heinrich Band Heinrich Band (1821-1860), born in Krefeld, Germany, in 1821, was the inventor of the bandoneón; this 'hand-organ-like' instrument is a reed instrument in the concertina family of instruments.
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Mandola The mandola (US and Canada) or tenor mandola (Ireland and UK) is a fretted, stringed musical instrument. It is to the mandolin what the viola is to the violin: the four double courses of strings tuned in fifths to the same pitches as the viola (C-G-D-A low-to-high), a fifth lower than a mandolin. The mandola, although now rarer, is the ancestor of the mandolin, the name of which means simply "little mandola".
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Les William J. L. (Les) William (January 18, 1915 – June 4, 1994) was an Australian builder of scientific instruments. Born in Melbourne, Australia he was known for his beautiful and precision craftsmanship and was known as one of the best scientific instrument makers in Australia. His equipment can be found in Australian laboratories that existed from the 1930s through to the 1980s. He founded a company situated in the Melbourne suburb of Hughesdale called J.L. William Scientific Instruments. William attended Caulfield Technical School and worked at his brother's firm during the Second World War. Soon after he set up his own instrumentation company. He never married and in his later years suffered from motor neurone disease.
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Chinrest A chinrest is a shaped piece of wood (or plastic) attached to the body of a violin or a viola to aid in the positioning of the player's jaw or chin on the instrument. The chinrest may be made of ebony, rosewood, boxwood, or plastic. It was invented by Louis Spohr in the early 19th century; historically, this has been explained as a response to increasingly difficult repertoire which demanded freer left hand techniques than had previously been used; however, Spohr intended his small block attached to the bout to protect the tailpiece, which he reportedly broke with his vigorous playing. However, after being promoted by prominent violinists of the day, such as Pierre Baillot and Giovanni Battista Viotti, it gained quick acceptance among most violists & violinists and is today considered a standard part of the viola and violin.
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Nirschl Nirschl, also known by the owner's name, Walter Nirschl, is a German company that builds musical instruments. Nirschl is a sixth-generation builder of musical instruments. Nirschl builds brass instruments, including trumpets, trombones, French horns, mellophones, euphoniums, and tubas, under the 'Meister Walter Nirschl' brand in his factory in Bavaria and collaborates with Gemstone Musical Instruments on the W. Nirschl brass line. Nirschl's instruments are played in some of the finest orchestras in the world.
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Gene Parsons Gene Victor Parsons (born September 4, 1944 in Morongo Valley, California) is an American drummer, banjo player, guitarist, singer-songwriter, and engineer, best known for his work with The Byrds from 1968 to 1972. Parsons has also released solo albums and played in bands including Nashville West, The Flying Burrito Brothers, and Parsons Green. He is credited with inventing the B-Bender (also known as the StringBender) along with guitarist Clarence White and the device is often referred to as the Parsons/White B-Bender, a trademarked name.
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Douglas Cox Douglas C. Cox (born 1948) is a contemporary American violinmaker. He has been building instruments since 1981, and has made over 900 violins, violas and cellos.
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Vasily Andreyev Vasily Vasilievich Andreyev (Russian: Василий Васильевич Андреев ; 15 January [O.S. 3 January] 1861 1918) was a Russian musician responsible for the modern development of the balalaika and several other traditional Russian folk music instruments, and is considered the father of the academic folk instrument movement in Eastern Europe. His accomplishments included:
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Hugo Walter Voigtlander Hugo Walter Voigtlander (November 8, 1859 – January 7, 1933) was a German-American musician who played violin, viola, and viola d'amore. He was also an instrument maker, and a collector and arranger of viola d'amore music. As a youth he studied at the Royal Conservatory of Music in Leipzig and played violin and viola in several professional orchestras in Germany. He emigrated to the United States in 1885 where he spent ten years playing viola and viola d'amore with various professional chamber groups in and around Detroit, Michigan. He then spent two years in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania playing in the Pittsburgh Symphony Orchestra, and in 1897 moved to New York City, where he played in a number of professional orchestras. In addition to playing viola d'amore, Walter Voigtlander taught viola d'amore, and made and collected numerous arrangements for the instrument.