What was the original name of the military branch famous for Alessandro Resch's aerial victories?
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Alessandro Resch Tenente-colonnello Alessandro Resch was an Italian World War I flying ace credited with five confirmed aerial victories (though there is historical evidence of a sixth). After surviving World War I, he would become a pioneering airline captain, flying 500,000 miles between 1928 and 1935. He would return to the Italian Air Force as a major in 1935, rising to "tenente-colonnello" by 1939. His participation in World War II is unknown.
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Italian Air Force The Italian Air Force (Italian: Aeronautica Militare; AM) is the aerial defence force of the Italian Republic. The Air Force was founded as an independent service arm on 28 March 1923, by King Victor Emmanuel III as the "Regia Aeronautica" (which equates to "Royal Air Force"). After World War II, when Italy was made a republic by referendum, the "Regia Aeronautica" was given its current name. Since its formation the service has held a prominent role in modern Italian military history. The aerobatic display team is the Frecce Tricolori.
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Marshal (Italy) The Italian military rank of maresciallo (marshal) is classified as a "sub-officer" and is the highest rank of non-commissioned officer in the Italian armed forces, higher than the rank of sergeant but lower than that of ensign/second lieutenant; there are from three to five grades within the rank, according to the different branches of the armed forces. The rank is achieved through merit or attending the "Scuola Allievi Marescialli" (School of Student Marshals). Marshal is an intermediate rank of the armed forces which is currently granted to NCOs with the training and technical competence to carry out specialised executive roles, and to command smaller and technically complex units.
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Bomber Command Bomber Command is an organisational military unit, generally subordinate to the air force of a country. Many countries have a "Bomber Command", although the most famous ones were in Britain and the United States. A Bomber Command is generally used for strategic bombing (although at times, e.g. during the Normandy Landings, may be used for tactical bombing), and is composed of bombers (i.e. planes used to bomb targets).
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Naval Historical Branch The Naval Historical Branch originally known as the Historical Section is the branch responsible for managing the Royal Navy's historical archives, it was established in 1912 and exists today.
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Genoese crossbowmen The Genoese crossbowmen (Italian: "Balestrieri genovesi" ) were a famous military corps of the Middle Ages, which acted both in defence of the Republic of Genoa, and as mercenaries for other Italian or European powers.
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Portuguese Air Force The Portuguese Air Force (Portuguese: "Força Aérea Portuguesa" ) is the aerial warfare force of Portugal. Locally, it is referred to by the acronym FAP, but internationally is often referred to by the acronym PoAF. It is the youngest of the three branches of the Portuguese Armed Forces.
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Armeeoberkommando The Armeeoberkommando or AOK was the name of the German and Austro-Hungarian army commands, especially during the First and Second World Wars.
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Carl-August von Schoenebeck Major General Carl-August von Schoenebeck began his career in the "Baden Leib-Grenadier Regiment" in 1915. He transferred to the "Luftstreitkräfte" in 1916. After training, he served with the artillery cooperation unit FA (A) 203. His subsequent service in fighters (e. g. Jasta 11 earned him credit for eight confirmed aerial victories and a number of decorations, as well as the command of Jasta 33 while still a leutnant.
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Chiliarch Chiliarch (from Greek: χιλίαρχος , "chiliarchos", sometimes χιλιάρχης, "chiliarches" or χειλίαρχος, "cheiliarchos"; meaning "commander of a thousand" and occasionally rendered "thousandman" in English) is a military rank dating back to Antiquity.
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Alessandro Guidoni Alessandro Guidoni (July 15, 1880 – April 27, 1928) served as a general in the "Regia Aeronautica" (Italian Royal Air Force). Guidonia Montecelio, the small town and "comune" where he died while testing a new parachute, was named after him in 1937.
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Order of Vittorio Veneto The military Order of Vittorio Veneto was founded as national order by the fifth President of the Italian Republic, Giuseppe Saragat, in 1968, "to express the gratitude of the nation" to those decorated with the Medal and Cross of War for Military Valour ("Medaglia e Croce di Guerra al Valor Militare") who had fought for at least six months in World War I and earlier conflicts.
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History of the Swiss Air Force The history of the Swiss Air Force began in 1914 with the establishment of an "ad hoc" force consisting of a handful of men in outdated and largely civilian aircraft. It was only in the 1930s that an effective air force was established at great cost, capable of inflicting several embarrassing defeats on the Nazi Luftwaffe in the course of an initially vigorous defence of neutral Swiss airspace. The Swiss Air Force as an autonomous military service was created in October 1936. After World War II it was renamed the Swiss Air Force and Anti-Aircraft Command ("Schweizerische Flugwaffe Kommando der Flieger und Fliegerabwehrtruppen") and in 1996 became a separate service independent from the Army, under its present name "Schweizer Luftwaffe".
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Regia Aeronautica The Italian Royal Air Force (Regia Aeronautica Italiana) was the name of the air force of the Kingdom of Italy. It was established as a service independent of the Royal Italian Army from 1923 until 1946. In 1946, the monarchy was abolished and the Kingdom of Italy became the Italian Republic, whereupon the name of the air force changed to Aeronautica Militare.
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Military history of Switzerland The military history of Switzerland comprises centuries of armed actions, and the role of the Swiss military in conflicts and peacekeeping worldwide. Despite maintaining neutrality since its independence from the Holy Roman Empire in 1499, Switzerland has been involved in military operations dating back to the hiring of Swiss mercenaries by foreign nations, including the Papal States.
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Eritrean Ascari The Eritrean Ascari were indigenous soldiers from Eritrea, who were enrolled as askaris in the Royal Corps of Colonial Troops ("Regio Corpo di Truppe Coloniali") of the Italian Army during the period 1889–1941.
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Supermarina Supermarina was the supreme command of the Regia Marina during World War II, activated on 1 June 1940. Its Army and Air Force equivalents were Superesercito and Superaereo. Supermarina depended directly on the Supreme Command of the Italian armed forces ("Comando Supremo"), controlling all the units of the Italian Royal Navy.
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Joint Support Service (Germany) The Joint Support Service (German: "Streitkräftebasis, SKB" , literally Armed Forces Foundation) is a branch of the German Bundeswehr established in October 2000 as a result of major reforms of the Bundeswehr. It handles various logistic and organisational tasks of the Bundeswehr. The SKB is the fifth component of the Bundeswehr, the other four being the Army, Navy, Air Force and the Joint Medical Service. As of December 2016, the force is composed of around 41,100 personnel.
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Imperial Guard (Russia) The Russian Imperial Guard, officially known as the Leib Guard (Russian: Лейб-гвардия "leyb-gvardiya", from German "Leib" "Body"; cf. Life Guards / Bodyguard) were military units serving as personal guards of the Emperor of Russia. Peter the Great founded the first such units following the Prussian practice in the 1690s, to replace the politically motivated Streltsy. The Imperial Guard subsequently increased in size and diversity to become an elite corps of all branches within the Imperial Army rather than Household troops in direct attendance on the Tsar. Numerous links were however maintained with the Imperial family and the bulk of the regiments of the Imperial Guard were stationed in and around Saint Petersburg in peacetime.
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Paul von Radivojevich Paul von Radivojevich (1759 – 15 July 1829) became an army corps commander in the army of the Austrian Empire during the late Napoleonic Wars. He joined the army of the Habsburg Monarchy in 1782 and fought in one of the early battles of the French Revolutionary Wars. He led a Grenz Infantry Regiment before being promoted to general officer in 1807. He led a brigade at Eckmühl in 1809, a division in the summer of 1813, and a corps at Caldiero in 1813 and at the Mincio in 1814. During the 1815 Italian campaign, he led a corps in Switzerland, Piedmont, and France. After the wars, he commanded part of the Military Frontier. He was Proprietor (Inhaber) of an infantry regiment from 1815 until his death in 1829.
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Order of Leopold (Belgium) The Order of Leopold ("Leopoldsorde" in Dutch, "Ordre de Léopold" in French) is one of the three current Belgian national honorary orders of knighthood. It is the highest order of Belgium and is named in honour of King Leopold I. It consists of a military, a maritime and a civilian division. The maritime division is only awarded to personnel of the merchant navy, and the military division to military personnel. The decoration was established on 11 July 1832 and is awarded for extreme bravery in combat or for meritorious service of immense benefit to the Belgian nation. The Order of Leopold is awarded by Royal order.
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Army of Naples The Army of Naples (French: "Armée de Naples" ) was a French Army unit which took this name following its capture of Naples in 1799. It was related to the Army of Italy.