Did Ali ibn Sahl Rabban al-Tabari or Muhammad Yunus produce one of the first enclyclopedias of medicine?
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Ali ibn Sahl Rabban al-Tabari Abu al-Hasan Ali ibn Sahl Rabban al-Tabari (Persian: علی ابن سهل ربان طبری‎ ‎ ) (c. 838 – c. 870 CE; also given as 810–855 or 808–864 also 783–858), was a Persian Muslim hakim, scholar, physician and psychologist, who produced one of the first encyclopedia of medicine. His stature, however, was eclipsed by his more famous pupil, Muhammad ibn Zakarīya Rāzi ("Rhazes").
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Muhammad Yunus Muhammad Yunus (Bengali: মুহাম্মদ ইউনূস ; born 28 June 1940) is a Bangladeshi social entrepreneur, banker, economist, and civil society leader who was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for founding the Grameen Bank and pioneering the concepts of microcredit and microfinance. These loans are given to entrepreneurs too poor to qualify for traditional bank loans. In 2006, Yunus and the Grameen Bank were jointly awarded the Nobel Peace Prize "for their efforts through microcredit to create economic and social development from below". The Norwegian Nobel Committee said that "lasting peace cannot be achieved unless large population groups find ways in which to break out of poverty" and that "across cultures and civilizations, Yunus and Grameen Bank have shown that even the poorest of the poor can work to bring about their own development". Yunus has received several other national and international honours. He received the United States Presidential Medal of Freedom in 2009 and the Congressional Gold Medal in 2010.
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Ali Qushji Ala al-Dīn Ali ibn Muhammed (1403 – 16 December 1474), known as Ali Qushji (Ottoman Turkish/Persian language: علی قوشچی, "kuşçu" – falconer in Turkish; Latin: "Ali Kushgii") was an astronomer, mathematician and physicist originally from Samarkand, who settled in the Ottoman Empire some time before 1472. As a disciple of Ulugh Beg, he is best known for the development of astronomical physics independent from natural philosophy, and for providing empirical evidence for the Earth's rotation in his treatise, "Concerning the Supposed Dependence of Astronomy upon Philosophy". In addition to his contributions to Ulugh Beg's famous work Zij-i-Sultani and to the founding of Sahn-ı Seman Medrese, one of the first centers for the study of various traditional Islamic sciences in the Ottoman caliphate, Ali Kuşçu was also the author of several scientific works and textbooks on astronomy.
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Al-Fakihi Abu 'Abd Allah Muhammad ibn Ishaq ibn al-'Abbas al-Fakihi (Arabic: أبو عبد الله محمد بن إسحاق بن العباس الفاكهي‎ ‎ , born 215–220 AH; died 272-279 AH) was an eminent 9th-century historian and hadith scholar of Mecca. He narrated hadiths from preeminent hadith scholars such as Muhammad Ibn Ismail al-Bukhari, Muslim ibn al-Hajjaj, Abu Hatim al-Razi and Abu Zur'ah Jurjani.
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Hasan ibn Zayd Al-Ḥasan ibn Zayd ibn Muḥammad ibn Ismā‘il ibn al-Ḥasan ibn Zayd (Arabic: الحسن بن زيد بن محمد‎ ‎ ; died 6 January 884), also known as al-Da‘ī al-kabīr (Arabic: داعي الكبير‎ ‎ , "the Great/Elder Missionary"), was an Alid who became the founder of the Zaydid dynasty of Tabaristan.
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Abu 'Ali al-Khayyat Abu 'Ali al-Khayyat (c.770 - c.835), often called by the Latin title Albohali in western sources, (or Albohali Alghihac, Albohali Alchait or Albenahait), was an Arab astrologer and a student of Mashallah.
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The Complete Book of the Medical Art The Complete Book of the Medical Art (Arabic: كامل الصناعة الطبية‎ ‎ , "Kāmil al-ṣināʻa al-ṭibbīya") also known as The Royal Book (Arabic: الكتاب الملكي‎ ‎ , "Al-Kitāb al-Malakī") was written by Iranian physician, 'Ali ibn al-'Abbas al-Majusi during the 10th century. He dedicated the book to king 'Adud al-Dawla, whom he was serving at the time. This book was considered one of the most necessary texts for medical students of that era, and the importance of his book was mentioned several times in views of different medicine historians, such as Lucien Leclerc and Arturo Castiglioni.
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Ibn Sa'id al-Maghribi Abū al-Ḥasan ʿAlī ibn Mūsā ibn Saʿīd al-Maghribī (Arabic: علي بن موسى المغربي بن سعيد‎ ‎ ) (1213–1286), also known as Ibn Saʿīd al-Andalusī, was a geographer, historian, poet, and the most important collector of poetry from al-Andalus in the 12th and 13th centuries.
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Yunus ibn Habib Yunus ibn Habib (Arabic: أبو عبد الرحمن يونس بن حبيب الضبي‎ ‎ ; died after 183 AH/798 CE) was a reputable 8th-century Arab or Persian linguist. An early literary critic and expert on poetry, Ibn Habib's criticisms of poetry were known, along with those of contemporaries such as Al-Asma'i, as a litmus test for measuring later writers' eloquence.
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Ali ibn Yusuf al-Ilaqi Muḥammad ibn Yusuf al-Ilāqī was an eleventh-century Persian physician from Khorasan.
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Ibn Abi al-Ashʿath Ibn Abi al-Ashʿath (Arabic: أحمد بن محمد بن محمد بن أبي الأشعث‎ ‎ ; d. 975 CE) was a Persian physician of medieval Islam. He wrote a large number of commentaries on Galen's works.
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Abu al-Abbas Iranshahri Abu al-Abbas Iranshahri (Persian: حکیم ایرانشهری‎ ‎ ) was a 9th-century Persian philosopher, mathematician, natural scientist, historian of religion, astronomer and author. According to traditional sources, he is the first figure in the wider Muslim world to be associated with philosophy after the advent of Islam.
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Hasan al-Utrush Abu Muḥammad al-Ḥasan ibn ‘Alī ibn al-Ḥasan ibn ‘Alī ibn ‘Umar al-Ashraf ibn ‘Alī Zayn al-‘Ābidīn (Medina, ca. 844 – Amul, January/February 917), better known as al-Ḥasan al-Uṭrūsh ("the Deaf"), was an Alid Shia missionary of the Zaydi sect who re-established Zaydid rule over the province Tabaristan in northern Iran in 914, after fourteen years of Samanid rule. He ruled Tabaristan until his death under the regnal name of al-Nāṣir li'l-Ḥaqq ("Defender of the True Faith"), and became known as al-Nāṣir al-Kabīr ("al-Nasir the Elder") to distinguish him from his descendants who bore the same surname. He is still known and recognized as Imam among the Zaydis of Yemen.
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Ibn Zuhr Ibn Zuhr (Arabic: ‎ ‎ ; 1094–1162), traditionally known by his Latinized name of Avenzoar, was a Muslim Arab physician and surgeon and poet. He was born at Seville in medieval Andalusia (present-day Spain), was a contemporary of Averroes and Ibn Tufail, and was the most well-regarded physician of his era. He was particularly known for his emphasis on a more rational, empiric basis of medicine. His major work, "Al-Taysīr fil-Mudāwāt wal-Tadbīr" ("Book of Simplification Concerning Therapeutics and Diet"), was translated into Latin and Hebrew and was influential to the progress of surgery. He also improved surgical and medical knowledge by keying out several diseases and their treatments.
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Ibn al-Akfani Muhammad ibn Ibrāhīm ibn al-Akfani (1286-ca. 1348-49) was an Arab encyclopedist and physician.
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Al-Rabi' ibn Yunus Al-Rabī’ ibn Yūnus ibn ‘Abd Allāh ibn Abī Farwa (ca. 730 – 785/6) was a freedman who became one of the leading ministers of the early Abbasid Caliphate, serving under the caliphs al-Mansur (ruled 754–775), al-Mahdi (r. 775–785) and al-Hadi (r. 785–786).
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Yahya ibn Sa'd Yahya ibn Sa'd (Arabic: يحيى بن سعد‎ ‎ ) is one of the more prominent Tabi'een.
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Muqaddimah The Muqaddimah, also known as the Muqaddimah of Ibn Khaldun (Arabic: مقدّمة ابن خلدون‎ ‎ ) or Ibn Khaldun's Prolegomena (Ancient Greek: Προλεγόμενα ), is a book written by the Arab historian Ibn Khaldun in 1377 which records an early view of universal history. Some modern thinkers view it as the first work dealing with the philosophy of history or the social sciences of sociology, demography, historiography, cultural history, social Darwinism, ecology, Darwinism and economics. The "Muqaddimah" also deals with Islamic theology, political theory and the natural sciences of biology and chemistry.
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Leonhard Rauwolf Leonhard Rauwolf (also spelled Leonhart Rauwolff) (21 June 1535 – 15 September 1596) was a German physician, botanist, and traveller. His main notability arises from a trip he made through the Levant and Mesopotamia in 1573-75. The motive of the trip was to search for herbal medicine supplies. Shortly after he returned, he published a set of new botanical descriptions with an herbarium. Later he published a general travel narrative about his visit.
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Ibn Sayyar al-Warraq Abu Muhammad al-Muthaffar ibn Nasr ibn Sayyār al-Warrāq (Arabic: أبو محمد المظفر بن نصر ابن سيار الوراق) of Baghdad was the compiler of a tenth-century cookbook, "Kitab al-Ṭabīḫ" (Arabic: كتاب الطبيخ‎ ‎ , "The Book of Dishes"). This is the earliest known Arabic cookbook. It contains over 600 recipes, divided into 132 chapters.
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Yunus (surah) Sūrat Yūnus (Arabic: سورة يونس‎ ‎ , Jonah) is the 10th chapter ("surah") of the Qur'an with 109 verses. It is a Meccan surah. It is named after the prophet Jonah.
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Futuh al-Buldan Futūh al-Buldān (Arabic: فتوح البلدان‎ ‎ ) is an Arabic book by Persian historian Ahmad Ibn Yahya al-Baladhuri.