The 1969 Libyan coup d'etat was led by a Libyan revolutionary, politician, ad political theorist who governed Libya as Revolutionary Chairman from 1969 to what year?
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1969 Libyan coup d'état The 1969 Libyan coup d'état, also known as the al-Fateh Revolution or the 1 September Revolution, was a military coup d'état in Libya carried out by the Free Officers Movement, a group of rebel military officers led by Colonel Muammar Gaddafi, which led to the overthrow of King Idris I.
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Muammar Gaddafi Muammar Mohammed Abu Minyar Gaddafi ( ;    ;  1942 20 October 2011), commonly known as Colonel Gaddafi, was a Libyan revolutionary, politician, and political theorist. He governed Libya as Revolutionary Chairman of the Libyan Arab Republic from 1969 to 1977, then as the "Brotherly Leader" of the Great Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya from 1977 to 2011. He was initially ideologically committed to Arab nationalism and Arab socialism, but later came to rule under his own Third International Theory.
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1968 Republic of the Congo coup d'état On September 4, 1968, following several days of violent clashes, Alphonse Massamba-Débat's government was overthrown by the military who forced Massamba-Débat to resign. Alfred Raoul then became the acting head of state until January 1969 when Marien Ngouabi, the chairman of the same party that had brought Massamba-Débat to power, assumed control.
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Mohamed Abdelaziz (Sahrawi politician) Mohamed Abdelaziz (Arabic: محمد عبد العزيز‎ ‎ ; 17 August 1947 – 31 May 2016) was the 3rd Secretary General of the Polisario Front, from 1976, and the 1st President of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic from 1982, until his death in 2016.
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Party of Socialist Revolution (Lebanon) The Party of Socialist Revolution (Arabic: حزب الثورة الإشتراكية | "Hizb al-Thawra al-Ishtirakiyya") was a communist party in Lebanon, emerging as a seemingly pro-Chinese split from the Lebanese Communist Party. The party was founded in 1964. The formation of the party was announced in early September 1964, with Youssef Moubarek as party chairman and Moustafa Chaker as general secretary. The group published "Ila amam" ('Forward'). The group did not fully support the line of Mao Zedong, but notably did not support the Soviet Union in their dispute with China. The group argued that the mainstream of the Lebanese Communist Party had become too supportive of Nasser, and accused Khalid Bakdash of 'revisionism'. The group argued that solely through people's war could Israel be defeated.
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Gamal Salem Gamal Salem (1918–1968; Arabic: جمال سالم‎ ‎ ) was a prominent member of the Free Officers who led the Egyptian Revolution of 1952 that toppled the monarchy of Egypt and Sudan. Prior to the Revolution, he served as an officer in Royal Egyptian Air Force.
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Fathi Eljahmi Fathi Eljahmi (Arabic: فتحي الجهمي‎ ‎ ) (4 April 1941 – 21 May 2009) was Libya's "most prominent democratic dissident" for three decades up until his death, and received significant international attention.
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Mohamed Sowan Mohamed Sowan is a Libyan Islamist activist and politician. He has been the leader of the Justice and Development Party since its foundation in March 2012. The Justice and Development Party is the political wing of the Libyan Muslim Brotherhood. Sowan is from the city of Misrata. He was imprisoned by the deposed Libyan Arab Jamahiriya government, until he was released in 2006 and subsequently worked as a hotel manager.
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Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej (] ; November 8, 1901 – March 19, 1965) was a Romanian communist politician who governed Romania from 1947 to 1965 as General Secretary of the Romanian Communist Party.
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Corrective Movement (Syria) The Corrective Movement (الحركة التصحيحية), also referred to as the Corrective Revolution, was a political movement in Syria, initiated by a coup d'état, led by General Hafez al-Assad on 13 November 1970. Al-Assad's program of reform, considered revolutionary in Syria, aimed to sustain and improve the "nationalist socialist line" of the state and the Ba'ath party. Al-Assad would rule Syria until his death in 2000, after which he was succeeded by his son Bashar al-Assad.
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Babiker Awadalla Babiker Awadalla (Arabic: born بابكر عوض الله‎ ‎ ; 2 March 1917) is a Sudanese Arab nationalist politician who was Prime Minister from 25 May 1969 to 27 October 1969.
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Mustafa Abdul Jalil Mustafa Abdul Jalil (Arabic: مصطفى عبد الجليل‎ ‎ , also transcribed "Abdul-Jelil, Abd-al-Jalil", "Abdel-Jalil", "Abdeljalil" or "Abdu Al Jeleil") (born 1952) is a Libyan politician who was the Chairman of the National Transitional Council from 5 March 2011 until its dissolution on 8 August 2012. This position meant he was "de facto" head of state during a transitional period after the fall of Muammar Gaddafi's government in the Libyan Civil War, and until the handover of power to the General National Congress.
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Foreign relations of Libya under Muammar Gaddafi The foreign relations of the Libyan Arab Jamahiriya (1969–2011) underwent much fluctuation and change. They were marked by severe tension with the West (especially the United States, although relations were normalised in the early 21st century prior to the Libyan Civil War) and by other national policies in the Middle East and Africa, including the Libyan government's financial and military support for numerous paramilitary and rebel groups.
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Abdul Rahman Habil Abdurrahman Habil, Ph.D., (Arabic (عبد الرحمن هابيل;) is a lawyer and Libyan politician. He was named Minister of Culture and Civil Society on 22 November 2011 by Abdurrahim El-Keib.
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Nasserism Nasserism (Arabic: التيار الناصري‎ ‎ "at-Tayyār an-Nāṣṣarī") is a socialist Arab nationalist political ideology based on the thinking of Gamal Abdel Nasser, one of the two principal leaders of the Egyptian Revolution of 1952, and Egypt's second President. Spanning the domestic and international spheres, it combines elements of Arab socialism, republicanism, nationalism, anti-imperialism, Developing world solidarity, and international non-alignment. In the 1950s and 1960s, Nasserism was amongst the most potent political ideologies in the Arab world. This was especially true following the Suez Crisis of 1956 (known in Egypt as the "Tripartite Aggression"), the political outcome of which was seen as a validation of Nasserism, and a tremendous defeat for Western imperial powers. During the Cold War, its influence was also felt in other parts of Africa, and the developing world, particularly with regard to anti-imperialism, and non-alignment.
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Huda Ben Amer Huda Ben Amer (in Arabic هدى بن عامر) is a former Libyan politician. A follower of the Libyan ruler, Colonel Muammar Gaddafi, she was the Secretary of the General People's Congress of Inspection People's Control and mayor of Benghazi until the Libyan Civil War.
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Emmanuel Kwasi Kotoka Lieutenant General Emmanuel Kwasi Kotoka (26 October 1926 – 17 April 1967) was a member of the ruling National Liberation Council which came to power in Ghana in a military coup d'état on 24 February 1966. This overthrew the government of Dr. Kwame Nkrumah, the first president of the republic.
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Hussein Maziq Hussein Yousef Maziq (Arabic: حسين يوسف مازق‎ ‎ ) a Libyan politician (1918 – 12 May 2006) was Prime Minister of Libya from 20 March 1965 to 2 July 1967. He was one of the most important men in the Kingdom era of Libya.
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Government of Vladimir Lenin Under the leadership of Russian communist revolutionary Vladimir Lenin, the Bolshevik Party seized power in the Russian Republic during a coup known as the October Revolution. Overthrowing the pre-existing Provisional Government, the Bolsheviks established a new administration, the Council of People's Commissars ("Sovnarkom"), with Lenin appointed as its governing chairman. Ruling by decree, Lenin’s Sovnarkom introduced widespread reforms confiscating land for redistribution among the peasantry, permitting non-Russian nations to declare themselves independent, improving labour rights, and increasing access to education.
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1980 Turkish coup d'état The 12 September 1980 Turkish coup d'état (Turkish: "12 Eylül Darbesi" ), headed by Chief of the General Staff General Kenan Evren, was the third coup d'état in the history of the Republic, the previous having been the 1960 coup and the 1971 "Coup by Memorandum". The 1970s in Turkey were marked by right-wing/left-wing armed conflicts, in the context of the Cold War. To create a pretext for a decisive intervention, the Turkish military allowed these conflicts to escalate; some say they actively adopted a strategy of tension. The violence abruptly stopped afterwards, and the coup was welcomed by some for restoring order. In total, 50 people were executed, 500,000 were arrested and hundreds died in prison.
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Wahbi al-Bouri Wahbi Ahmed El-Bouri Arabic: وهبي البوري‎ ‎ (23 January 1916 – 7 June 2010) was a Libyan politician, diplomat, writer and translator. He was the foreign minister of Libya from 1957 to 1958 and later from 1965 to 1966. He was also a petroleum minister of Libya and a Libyan Ambassador in the United Nations. and the founder of the Islamic Cultural Center of New York the first mosque and Islamic school in the city - 1967
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Mansour Dhao Mansour Dhao Ibrahim (Arabic: منصور ضو إبراهيم‎ ‎ ; sometimes spelled Dao or Daw) is a former Libyan politician. He was a prominent figure in the Gaddafi government, serving as Muammar Gaddafi's chief of security until they were both captured. Dhao was the leader of the regime's People's Guard.