Are Arnold Schoenberg and Georges Bizet both composers?
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Arnold Schoenberg Arnold Franz Walter Schoenberg or Schönberg ( ; ] ; 13 September 187413 July 1951) was an Austrian composer, music theorist, and painter. He was associated with the expressionist movement in German poetry and art, and leader of the Second Viennese School. With the rise of the Nazi Party, Schoenberg's works were labelled degenerate music, because they were modernist, atonal and what even Paul Hindemith called "sonic orgies" and "decadent intellectual efforts". He emigrated to the United States of America in 1934.
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Georges Bizet Georges Bizet (] ; 25 October 18383 June 1875), registered at birth as Alexandre César Léopold Bizet, was a French composer of the romantic era. Best known for his operas in a career cut short by his early death, Bizet achieved few successes before his final work, "Carmen", which has become one of the most popular and frequently performed works in the entire opera repertoire.
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Leonid Rezetdinov Leonid Fiatovich Rezetdinov (Russian: Леонид Фиатович Резетдинов ; August 5, 1961) is a Russian composer and a winner of the "National Prize" of the Russian Academy of Advertising. He was born in Leningrad (now Saint Petersburg) and attended Saint Petersburg Conservatory where he was under guidance of Boris Tishchenko till 1985. In 1988 he joined Russian Union of Composers and two years later became an attendee of the International Society for Contemporary Music where his teacher was Witold Lutosławski. For eight years after it, he was a teacher at the Musical College of Rimsky-Korsakov and by 2000 became a CEO and record producer at Studio Digital Film Production of Saint-Petersburg Documentary Film Studio. The same year he joined Music Fund and became an author of over 30 film scores. In 2009 he won the first prize at the Berdyansk International Film Festival and since then worked with various conductors such as Vladimir Altschuler, Valery Gergiev and Stanislav Gribkov. He also worked with Leonid Korchmar, Ravil Martynov, Vasily Petrenko, Rashid Skuratov, and Alexander Titov and have traveled throughout Europe, Asia and North America.
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Symphony No. 1 (Enescu) Symphony No. 1, Op. 13 in E♭ by the Romanian composer George Enescu reflects the composer's training in both Vienna and Paris. In the former location he studied the Brahmsian tradition with Robert Fuchs, and in the latter the French tradition with Jules Massenet and Gabriel Fauré .
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Richard Hol Richard (or Rijk) Hol (Amsterdam, 23 July 1825 – Utrecht, 14 May 1904) was a Dutch composer and conductor, based for most of his career at Utrecht. His conservative music showed the influence of Ludwig van Beethoven, Felix Mendelssohn, and Robert Schumann and the Leipzig school, though as a conductor he offered Dutch audiences the more revolutionary music of Hector Berlioz and Richard Wagner.
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Franz Abt Franz Wilhelm Abt (22 December 1819 – 31 March 1885) was a German composer and choral conductor. He composed roughly 3,000 individual works mostly in the area of vocal music. Several of his songs were at one time universally sung, and have obtained a more or less permanent place in the popular repertory. During his lifetime, Abt was a renowned choral conductor and he spent much of the last three decades of his life working as a guest conductor with choirs throughout Europe and in the United States.
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Tone poems (Strauss) The tone poems of Richard Strauss are noted as the high point of program music in the latter part of the 19th century, extending its boundaries and taking the concept of realism in music to an unprecedented level. In these works, he widened the expressive range of music while depicting subjects many times thought unsuitable for musical depiction. As Hugh MacDonald points out in the "New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians", "In the years prior to World War I these works were held to be in the vanguard of modernism."
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History of music in Paris The city of Paris has been an important center for European music since the Middle Ages. It was noted for its choral music in the 12th century, for its role in the development of ballet during the Renaissance, in the 19th century it became famous for its music halls and cabarets, and in the 20th century for the first performances of the Ballets Russes, its jazz clubs, and its part in the development of serial music. Paris has been home to many important composers, to name a few: Jean-Baptiste Lully, Jean-Philippe Rameau, Christoph Willibald Gluck, Niccolò Piccinni, Frédéric Chopin, Franz Liszt, Jacques Offenbach, Georges Bizet, Claude Debussy, Maurice Ravel, Hector Berlioz, Paul Dukas, Gabriel Fauré, César Franck, Charles Gounod, Jules Massenet, Vincent d'Indy, Camille Saint-Saëns, Erik Satie, Igor Stravinsky, Sidney Bechet...
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André Wormser André Alphonse Toussaint Wormser (1 November 1851 – 4 November 1926) was a French banker and Romantic composer.
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Leo Blech Leo Blech (21 April 1871 – 25 August 1958) was a German opera composer and conductor who is perhaps most famous for his work at the Königliches Opernhaus (later the Berlin State Opera / Staatsoper Unter den Linden) from 1906 to 1937, and later as the conductor of Berlin's Städtische Oper from 1949 to 1953. Blech was known for his reliable, clear, and elegant performances, especially of works by Wagner, Verdi, and Bizet's "Carmen" (which he conducted over 600 times), and for his sensitivity as an accompanist.
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Wilhelm von Lenz Wilhelm von Lenz (born 20 May 1809 in Riga - died 7 January 1883 in Saint Petersburg) was a Baltic German Russian official and writer. Wilhelm von Lenz was a friend of many mid-century Romantic composers, including Franz Liszt, Frédéric Chopin and Hector Berlioz, Lenz's most important and influential work was an early biography of the German composer Ludwig van Beethoven, entitled "Beethoven et ses trois styles" (1855), written in response to the disparagement of Beethoven by Alexander Ulybyshev in his "Nouvelle biographie de Mozart" (1843). Lenz promoted the idea (already suggested by earlier figures such as François-Joseph Fétis) that Beethoven's musical style be divided into three characteristic periods. Lenz's periodisation, with minor changes, is still widely used today by musicologists in discussing Beethoven's compositions.
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Guy Ropartz Joseph Guy Marie Ropartz (15 June 1864 – 22 November 1955) was a French composer and conductor. His compositions included five symphonies, three violin sonatas, cello sonatas, six string quartets, a piano trio and string trio (both in A minor), stage works, a number of choral works and other music, often alluding to his Breton heritage. Ropartz also published poetry.
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Carmen Suite (ballet) Carmen Suite is a one-act ballet created in 1967 by Cuban choreographer Alberto Alonso to music by Russian composer Rodion Shchedrin for his wife, prima ballerina assoluta Maya Plisetskaya. The premiere took place on 20 April 1967 at the Bolshoi Theatre, Moscow. The music, taken from the opera "Carmen" by Georges Bizet and arranged for strings and percussion, is not a 19th-century pastiche but rather "a creative meeting of the minds," as Shchedrin put it, with Bizet's melodies reclothed in a variety of fresh instrumental colors (including the frequent use of percussion), set to new rhythms and often phrased with a great deal of sly wit. Initially banned by the Soviet hierarchy as "disrespectful" to the opera for precisely these qualities, the ballet has since become Shchedrin's best-known work and has remained popular in the West for what reviewer James Sanderson calls "an iconoclastic but highly entertaining retelling of Bizet's opera."
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Arnold von Bruck Arnold von Bruck (also Arnold de Pruck, Arnoldus Brugensis, indicating his origin) (c. 1500 – February 6, 1554) was a Franco-Flemish composer of the Renaissance, active in several Habsburg courts. He was one of the most famous and influential composers in German-speaking areas during the first half of the 16th century, the period of the Protestant Reformation; however he seems to have remained a Roman Catholic.<ref name="Wessely/Kreyszig, Grove online">Wessely/Kreyszig, Grove online</ref>
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Bodo Igesz Bodo Igesz (February 7, 1935, Amsterdam - December 25, 2014, Manhattan) was a Dutch stage director who had an active career staging operas around the world during the second half of the 20th century. He was particularly known for his work with the Metropolitan Opera where he worked for 25 years on the staging staff. He also staged operas for the Salzburg Festival, and staged numerous operas for the Santa Fe Opera; including the United States premieres of Hindemith's "Cardillac" (1967), Schoenberg's "Die Jakobsleiter" (1968), Henze's "The Bassarids" (1968) and Aribert Reimann's "Melusine" (1972).
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Michael von Biel Michael von Biel (born 30 June 1937) is a German composer, cellist, and graphic artist. He was the son of Werner von Biel and Ursula von Biel (née Lampert).
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Weihnachtsbaum (Liszt) Weihnachtsbaum (English: "Christmas Tree"; French: "Arbre de Noël") is a suite of 12 pieces written by Franz Liszt in 1873–76, with revisions in 1881. The suite exists in versions for solo piano and piano four-hands. "Weihnachtsbaum" does not demand great virtuosity, and it has been described as a distant relation of Schumann's "Kinderszenen" and Debussy's "Children's Corner". It occupies an unusual place in Liszt's output, and it may be for these reasons that it has received relatively little attention from performers.
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Yves Baudrier Yves Baudrier (1906–1988) was a French composer. Along with  André Jolivet, Olivier Messiaen and Jean-Yves Daniel-Lesur  he was a founder of the La jeune France movement.
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Tonkunst Tonkunst, literally "The Art of Tone", is an obsolete term in the German language applied for art music of the 19th century, and often used in music history and musical aesthetic representations. It probably originated from the need to give the music a place among the classical arts like architecture, sculpture, painting, prose and poetry, and also recognize the composer or musician as a creative individual. The term is found for example in the inscriptions of the Walhalla memorial built in 1842, where a good example is Joseph Haydn, titled as "Doctor der Tonkunst" ("Doctor of Tone-Art"), and Ludwig van Beethoven as "Tondichter" ("Tone-poet"). Today the term is rarely used, but lives on, for example, in the name of the Tonkünstler Orchestra.
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Léonard Gautier Jean Léonard Louis Anton Gautier (12 July 1866 – 27 October 1955) was a German-born French composer famous for his simple eighth-note melody piano piece called "Le Secret" which at one time appeared in all of the popular piano anthologies and still continues appearing in current famous piano collection pieces such as "The Piano Bench of Classical Music".
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Paul Arma Paul Arma (Hungarian: Arma Pál, aka "Amrusz Pál"; né Weisshaus Imre; 22 November 1905 in Budapest – 28 November 1987 in Paris) was a Hungarian-French pianist, composer, and ethnomusicologist.
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Association for Contemporary Music Association for Contemporary Music (ACM) (Russian: ACM - Ассоциация Современной Музыки , "ASM - Assotsiatsiya Sovremennoy Muzyki") was an alternative organization of Russian composers interested in avant-garde music. It was founded by Nikolai Roslavets in 1923. ACM ran concert series and published magazines promoting the modernist music of Mahler, Schoenberg, Berg, Webern, Krenek, and Hindemith, as well as the work of its members. Its leading members were Dmitri Shostakovich, Nikolai Myaskovsky, Vissarion Shebalin, Alexander Mosolov, Gavriil Popov, and Vladimir Shcherbachev. The organization's enthusiasm for avant-garde Western music and for experimentation met with opposition from the Russian Association of Proletarian Musicians (RAPM), which by the late 1920s had eclipsed the ACM in terms of cultural influence. Both organizations existed until 23 April 1932, when they were abolished by the Decree on the Reformation of Literary and Artistic Organizations.