The Lisunov Li-2, originally designated PS-84, was a license-built version of the Douglas DC-3, a fixed-wing propeller-driven airliner, its lasting effect on the airline industry, and which event makes it one of the most significant transport aircraft ever made?
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Lisunov Li-2 The Lisunov Li-2, originally designated PS-84, was a license-built version of the Douglas DC-3. It was produced by Factory #84 in Moscow-Khimki and, after evacuation in 1941, at TAPO in Tashkent. The project was directed by aeronautical engineer Boris Pavlovich Lisunov.
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Douglas DC-3 The Douglas DC-3 is a fixed-wing propeller-driven airliner. Its cruise speed (207 mph ) and range (1500 mi ) revolutionized air transport in the 1930s and 1940s. Its lasting effect on the airline industry and World War II makes it one of the most significant transport aircraft ever made.
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Kuznetsov NK-32 The Kuznetsov NK-32 is an afterburning 3-spool low bypass turbofan jet engine which powers the Tupolev Tu-160 supersonic bomber, and was fitted to the later model Tupolev Tu-144LL supersonic transport. It is the largest and most powerful engine ever fitted on a combat aircraft. It produces 245 kN of thrust in maximum afterburner.
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Aeroflot Flight 3352 Aeroflot Flight 3352 was a Tupolev Tu-154 airline flight on a domestic route from Krasnodar to Novosibirsk, with an intermediate landing in Omsk. While landing at Omsk Airport on Thursday, 11 October 1984, the aircraft crashed into maintenance vehicles on the runway, killing 174 people on board and 4 on the ground. While a chain of mistakes in airport operations contributed to the accident, its major cause was an air traffic controller falling asleep on duty. As of 2015, this remains the deadliest aviation accident on Russian territory.
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Ilyushin Il-76 The Ilyushin Il-76 (NATO reporting name: Candid) is a multi-purpose four-engine turbofan strategic airlifter designed by the Soviet Union's Ilyushin design bureau. It was first planned as a commercial freighter in 1967, as a replacement for the Antonov An-12. It was designed to deliver heavy machinery to remote, poorly served areas. Military versions of the Il-76 have been widely used in Europe, Asia and Africa, including use as an aerial refueling tanker or command center.
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LIBIS 180 The LIBIS 180 is a sporty three-seater mixed-construction aircraft, mostly wooden with a tail wheel, made at the Ljubljana LIBIS plant, for training, towing gliders, for tourist flights and throwing skydivers. LIBIS 180 represented the further development of the popular school KB-6 Matajur, but was more demanding to fly than KB-6, because it didn't had aerodynamic twist of the wing it was difficult for landing and did not forgive pilot mistakes at low speed. LIBIS 180 was the first aircraft produced in Yugoslavia, using plastic materials: the bonnet, wing tips and propeller cap were made of glass fibers. The plane has a seat arrangement: two at the front one behind, and a fourth fuel tank is a fuel tank.
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Qantas Flight 32 Qantas Flight 32 was a Qantas scheduled passenger flight that suffered an uncontained engine failure on 4 November 2010 and made an emergency landing at Singapore Changi Airport. The failure was the first of its kind for the Airbus A380, the world's largest passenger aircraft. It marked the first aviation occurrence involving an Airbus A380. On inspection it was found that a turbine disc in the aircraft's No. 2 Rolls-Royce Trent 900 engine (on the port side nearest the fuselage) had disintegrated. In addition to destruction of the engine, this caused damage to the nacelle, wing, fuel system, landing gear, flight controls, the controls for engine No. 1 and a fire in the left inner wing fuel tank that self-extinguished. The failure was determined to have been caused by the breaking of a stub oil pipe which had been manufactured improperly.
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Sukhoi Su-80 The Sukhoi Su-80 (formerly known as the Sukhoi S-80) is a Russian twin-turboprop, twin-boom STOL transport aircraft.
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Showa Aircraft Industry Showa Aircraft Industry Co., Ltd. (昭和飛行機工業株式会社 , Shōwa Hikōki Kōgyō Kabushiki-gaisha ) is a Japanese company. Its headquarters are at Akishima-shi, Tokyo Prefecture, a region of Tokyo Metropolis. It was established in 1937 as a manufacturer of military aircraft in Akishima-shi. In World War II it was one of two companies manufacturing the Showa/Nakajima L2D, a license-built Douglas DC-3 variant. It also manufactured other military aircraft.
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Airbus A340 The Airbus A340 is a long-range, four-engine, wide-body commercial passenger jet airliner developed and produced by the European aerospace company Airbus. The A340 was assembled in Toulouse, France. It seats up to 375 passengers in the standard variants and 440 in the stretched -600 series. Depending on the model, it has a range of 6700 to . Its distinguishing features are four high-bypass turbofan engines and three-bogie main landing gear.
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Kweilin incident The "Kweilin" incident occurred on August 24, 1938 when a Douglas DC-2 airliner (the "Kweilin") carrying 18 passengers and crew was destroyed by Japanese aircraft in China. There were fourteen fatalities. It was the first civilian airliner in history to be shot down by hostile aircraft. The pilot was American and the crew and passengers Chinese. As it was unprecedented for a civilian aircraft to be attacked, there was international diplomatic outrage over the incident. In the United States, it helped solidify the popular view that Japan was morally wrong in their war against China, but the incident was not enough to spur the US into action against Japan despite Chinese entreaties. The "Kweilin" was re-built and destroyed by the Japanese a second time two years later.
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Ilyushin Il-2 The Ilyushin Il-2 (Cyrillic: Илью́шин Ил-2) Sturmovik was a ground-attack aircraft (Cyrillic: Штурмови́к, "Šturmovík") produced by the Soviet Union in large numbers during the Second World War. With 36,183 units of the Il-2 produced during the war, and in combination with its successor, the Ilyushin Il-10, a total of 42,330 were built, making it the single most produced military aircraft design in aviation history, as well as one of the most produced piloted aircraft in history along with the American postwar civilian Cessna 172 and the Soviet Union's own then-contemporary Polikarpov Po-2 "Kukuruznik" multipurpose biplane.
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Military transport aircraft Military transport aircraft or military cargo aircraft are typically fixed wing and rotary wing cargo aircraft which are used to airlift troops, weapons and other military equipment by a variety of methods to any area of military operations around the surface of the planet, usually outside the commercial flight routes in uncontrolled airspace. Originally derived from bombers, military transport aircraft were used for delivering airborne forces during the Second World War and towing military gliders. Some military transport aircraft are tasked to perform multi-role duties such as aerial refueling and, rescue missions, tactical, operational and strategic airlifts onto unprepared runways, or those constructed by engineers.
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Catalina affair The Catalina affair (Swedish: "Catalinaaffären" ) was a military confrontation and Cold War-era diplomatic crisis in June 1952, in which Soviet Air Force fighter jets shot down two Swedish aircraft over international waters in the Baltic Sea. The first aircraft to be shot down was an unarmed Swedish Air Force Tp 79, a derivative of the Douglas DC-3, carrying out radio and radar signals intelligence-gathering for the National Defence Radio Establishment. None of the crew of eight was rescued.
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Chyetverikov MDR-3 The MDR-3 (a.k.a.11) was a long-range flying boat designed and built in the USSR from 1931 .
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Aeroflot Flight 4225 Aeroflot Flight 4225 was a Tupolev Tu-154B-2 that was a domestic scheduled passenger flight from Alma-Ata Airport (now Almaty) in Soviet Kazakhstan to Simferopol Airport in Soviet Ukraine on July 8, 1980. The aircraft reached an altitude of no more than 500 feet when the airspeed suddenly dropped because of thermal currents it encountered during the climb out, causing the airplane to stall before traveling 5 km (3.1 mi) away, crash and catch fire, killing all 156 passengers and 10 crew on board. To date, it retains the highest death toll of any aviation accident in Kazakhstan.
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McDonnell Douglas DC-9 The McDonnell Douglas DC-9 (initially known as Douglas DC-9) is a twin-engine, single-aisle jet airliner. It was first manufactured in 1965 with its maiden flight later that year. The DC-9 was designed for frequent, short flights. The final DC-9 was delivered in October 1982.
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Cessna Skymaster The Cessna Skymaster is a United States twin-engine civil utility aircraft built in a push-pull configuration. Its engines are mounted in the nose and rear of its pod-style fuselage. Twin booms extend aft of the wings to the vertical stabilizers, with the rear engine between them. The horizontal stabilizer is aft of the pusher propeller, mounted between and connecting the two booms. The combined tractor and pusher engines produce centerline thrust and a unique sound. The Cessna O-2 Skymaster is a military version of the Cessna 337 Super Skymaster.
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Yakovlev Yak-9 The Yakovlev Yak-9 was a single-engine fighter aircraft used by the Soviet Union in World War II and after. Fundamentally a lighter development of the Yak-7 with the same armament, it arrived at the front at the end of 1942. The Yak-9 had a lowered rear fuselage decking and all-around vision canopy. Its lighter airframe gave the new fighter a flexibility that previous models had lacked. The Yak-9 was the most mass-produced Soviet fighter of all time. It remained in production from 1942 to 1948, with 16,769 built (14,579 during the war). Towards the end of the war, the Yak-9 was the first Soviet aircraft to shoot down a Messerschmitt Me 262 jet.
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Aero Flight 311 Aero Flight 311 (AY311), often referred to as the Kvevlax air disaster, was a scheduled domestic passenger flight operated by Aero O/Y (now Finnair) between Kronoby, Finland and Vaasa. The aircraft, a Douglas DC-3C, crashed near Kvevlax (Finnish: "Koivulahti" ) on January 3, 1961, killing all twenty-five people on board. The disaster remains the deadliest civilian aviation accident in the history of Finland. The investigation revealed that both pilots were intoxicated and should not have been flying.
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Lockheed S-3 Viking The Lockheed S-3 Viking is a four-seat, twin-engine turbofan-powered jet aircraft that was used by the U.S. Navy to identify and track enemy submarines. In the late 1990s, the S-3B's mission focus shifted to surface warfare and aerial refueling. The Viking also provided electronic warfare and surface surveillance capabilities to the carrier battle group. A carrier-based, subsonic, all-weather, multi-mission aircraft with long range; it carried automated weapon systems, and was capable of extended missions with in-flight refueling. Because of the Viking's engines' low-pitched sound, it was nicknamed the "Hoover" after the vacuum cleaner brand.
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Alexander Kartveli Alexander Kartveli, born Alexander Kartvelishvili, (Georgian: ალექსანდრე ქართველიშვილი ) (September 9, 1896 – June 20, 1974) was an influential aircraft engineer and a pioneer in American aviation history. Kartveli achieved important breakthroughs in military aviation in the time of turbojet fighters. He is considered to be one of the most important and innovative aircraft designers in US history and the world.