The Vijayanagara musicological nonet consists of a work that is one of the most important what?
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Vijayanagara musicological nonet The Vijayanagara musicological nonet or the Sangitashastra navaratna are a group of nine musicological treatises written during the reign of the Vijayanagara empire. These works are counted among the most important and definitive treatises in Carnatic music theory. Each of these works contributed seminally to the growth of the Carnatic music tradition. These nine works are the "Sangitasara" by the sage Vidyaranya, "Taladipika" by Salva Gopa Tippendra, "Sangitakalanidhi" by Kallinatha, Bhandaru Vittaleshwara's commentary on the "Sangita Ratnakara", Bhandaru Lakshminarayana's "Sangitasuryodaya", Achyutadevaraya's "Talakalabdhi/Talakalavriddhi" and the much celebrated "Swaramelakalanidhi" by Ramamatya.
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Sangita Ratnakara The Sangita-Ratnakara (IAST: Saṅgīta ratnākara), literally "Ocean of Music and Dance", is one of the most important Sanskrit musicological texts from India. Composed by Sharngadeva in the 13th century, both Hindustani music and Carnatic music traditions of Indian classical music regard as a definitive text. The author was a part of the court of King Singhana II (1210–1247) of the Yādava dynasty whose capital was Devagiri, Maharashtra.
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Nakkeerar Nakkeerar was a medieval Tamil poet from Madurai. He is renowned for his most famous work, the "Tirumurukāṟṟuppaṭai". He was also the author of another work called "Iraiyanar Akapporul". He should not be confused with the Sangam period writer Nakkirar (c. 250 CE), who composed anthologies like the "Neṭunalvāṭai".
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Narayaniyam Narayaniyam is a medieval Sanskrit text, comprising a summary study in poetic form of the Bhagavata Purana. It was composed by Melpathur Narayana Bhattathiri<nowiki>, (1560–1666 AD) one of the celebrated Sanskrit poets in </nowiki>Kerala. Even though the Narayaneeyam was completed as early as 1586 AD, it appeared in print only after more than 250 years. The Bhagavata Purana is a major Hindu scripture consisting of about 18,000 verses, mainly devoted to the worship of Krishna.
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Govinda Bhattathiri Govinda Bhaṭṭathiri (also known as Govinda Bhattathiri of Thalakkulam or Thalkkulathur) ( 1237 – 1295) was an Indian astrologer and astronomer who flourished in Kerala during the thirteenth century CE. His major work was Dasadhyayi, a commentary on the first ten chapters of the astrological text Brihat Jataka composed by Varāhamihira (505 – 587 CE). This is considered to be the most important of the 70 known commentaries on this text. Bhaṭṭathiri had also authored another important work in astrology titled "Muhūrttaratnaṃ". Paramesvara (ca.1380–1460), an astronomer of the Kerala school of astronomy and mathematics known for the introduction of the "Dṛggaṇita" system of astronomical computations, had composed an extensive commentary on this work. In this commentary Paramesvara had indicated that he was a grandson of a disciple of the author of "Muhūrttaratnaṃ".
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Tattuvarayar Tattuvarayar was an ascetic scholar and disciple of Svarupananda Desikar in the late 14th century - early 15th century time. He composed an anthology of verses on the Advaita philosophy called "Kurundirattu" containing about 1400 verses around the same time his "guru" (teacher) wrote an anthology. Tattuvarayar is also known for his many devotional songs and poems, famous among which are the "Paduturai", "Nanavinodan Kalambakam", "Mohavadaip-parani" and "Annavadaipparani".
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Narasimha Purana Narasimha Purana (Narasiṁha Purāṇa ) (Sanskrit:नरसिंह पुराण ) is one of the Upapuranas. R.C. Hazra in his "Studies in the Upapuranas" came to the conclusion that the original text was written in the later part of the 5th century, though several portions of it were added much later. This work was translated into Telugu about 1300.
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Mankuthimmana Kagga Mankuthimmana Kagga, written by D. V. Gundappa and published in 1943, is one of the best known of the major literary works in Kannada. It is widely regarded as a masterpiece of Kannada literature and is referred to as the Bhagavad Gita in Kannada. The title of the work can be translated as "Dull Thimma's Rigmarole". Kagga is a collection of 945 poems, each being four lines in length. Some of these poems are written in old Kannada. Kagga poems are profound as well as poetic. Most of them can be sung. Though the author calls it an 'a foggy fools farrago', it is a book giving expression to a noble personality's rich experiences. The poet politely that if the word Mankuthimma is crude and below standard it can be substituted by either Venka or Kanka or Shankararya as they please.
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Matrigitikanjalih “Mātrigītikāñjalih” is a well-known Gitikavya in modern Sanskrit literature. Authored by Harekrishna Meher, this kavya comprises twenty-five Sanskrit songs of different topics and tastes experienced in human life. These songs are written in very lucid, simple, sweet and graceful words that are capable of touching the core of the hearts of readers. The titles of the songs indicate their themes. The style of composition bears a unique and special feature. There is no verbosity or stiffness in language. Words are imbued with proper feelings and sentiments. Alliteration, grace of diction, Upama, Rupaka and other figures of speech are contextually found in this kavya. The poet has presented these songs with his original innovated new metres and tuning. The songs are marked by original thinking and novel ideas.
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D. V. Gundappa Devanahalli Venkataramanaiah Gundappa, popularly known as DVG, was a Kannada writer and philosopher. His most notable work is the "Mankuthimmana Kagga" ("Dull Thimma's Rigmarole", 1943), which is similar to the wisdom poems of the late medieval poet Sarvajna.
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Ramanattam Ramanattam (Malayalam: രാമനാട്ടം, IAST: Rāmanāṭṭaṃ) is a temple art in Kerala, India. The dance drama presents the story of Rama in a series of eight plays and was created under the patronage of Veera Kerala Varma (AD 1653-1694) "alias" Kottarakkara Thampuran. Ramanattom is based on a story from the epic "Ramayana", covering the incarnation of Rama to the Rama-Ravana War, Ravana's defeat and Rama's crowning at Ayodhya. The story was written by Kottarakkara Thampuran and is divided into eight poetic sections so that each section can be enacted in one day. These eight sections are puthrakameshti, seetha swayamvaram, vicchinnabhishekam, kharavadham, balivadham, thoranayudham, sethubandhanam and yudham (war). Ramanattam is widely believed to be the immediate stem of the well known classical art form of Kerala, Kathakali.
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Akanaṉūṟu Akananuru (Tamil: அகநானுறு ), a classical Tamil poetic work, is the seventh book in the anthology of Sangam literature (600 BCE - 300 CE), namely Ettuthokai. It contains 400 "Akam" (subjective) poems dealing with matters of love and separation. Other names for "Akananuru" include "Neduntogai" or "Nedunthokai" ("the long anthology"), "Ahappattu", "Ahananuru", and "Agananuru".
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Kanaka Dasa Kanaka Dasa (Kannada: ಕನಕದಾಸ ) (1509 – 1609) was a poet, philosopher, musician and composer from modern Karnataka. He is known for his Kirtanes and Ugabhoga, compositions in the Kannada language for Carnatic music. Like other Haridasas, he used simple Kannada language and native metrical forms for his compositions.
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Thingal patham The Thingal patham is one of the sub-sections of Arul Nool which was the secondary scripture of Ayyavazhi.
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Sangita Sangita (Devanagari: संगीत , IAST: saṃgīta ), also spelled Samgita or Sangeeta, refers to "music and associated performance arts" in the Indian traditions. According to Guy Beck, the root "saṃ-" implies "combining, coming together, convergent wholesome blending, unison" in the context of musical arts. "Sangita" connotes any form of singing with music, harmonious recitation or chorus singing in particular. In some medieval era literary genre such as the Puranas and poetic texts such as "Kathasaritsagar", a related term "Sangita-shastra" and "Sangita-vidya" mean the "art, science or knowledge of singing and dancing with music". According to Alison Arnold and Bruno Nettl, the modern term music fails to capture the historic sense of "Sanskrit "sangita" and Greek "mousike"". In the Indian tradition, the term "sangita" includes melodious singing, rhythmic dancing, instrumental music, classical, provincial, ritual chanting and incidental forms of music-related performance arts.
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Kedar (raga) Kedar, also known as "Kedara", is a Hindustani classical raga. Named after Lord Shiva, the raga is placed on a high pedestal in the realms of Indian classical music. It is characterised by a lot of complex turns, which are brilliantly melodious but difficult to express in words.
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Devendran Devendran is an Indian music composer who is concentrating in Tamil language films. He is known for the melodious composition of chartbuster "Kannukkul Nooru Nilava..." from the Bharathiraja directed film "Vedham Pudhithu" released in the year 1987.
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Durgasimha Durgasimha (c. 1025) was the minister of war and peace ("Sandhi Vigrahi") of Western Chalukya King Jayasimha II (also known as Jagadekamalla, r. 1018–1042). Durgasimha adapted the well-known set of fables, "Panchatantra" ("The five stratagems"), from Sanskrit language into the Kannada language in "champu" style (mixed prose and verse). The Kannada language version, whose central theme has a strong Jain bent, contains 60 fables, 13 of which are original stories. All the stories have morality as their theme and carry a summary section ("Katha Shloka"). The Kannada version is the earliest Indian vernacular version, and the author, being a minister, not surprisingly, chose to write a book on political science ("Rajniti"). The scholar R. Narasimhachar fixed the date of this work as c. 1025, but the modern Kannada poet and scholar Govinda Pai dated the work to March 8, 1031, based on information in the concluding stanza of the manuscript.
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Maha Vaidyanatha Iyer Maha Vaidyanatha Sivan (Tamil: மஹா வைத்யநாத சிவன் ) (1844–1893) was a composer of Carnatic music. He was a great exponent of extemporaneous singing. He also composed a "ragamalika" (garland of ragas - a song that utilises more than one "raga") with all the 72 melakartha ragas.
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Dhavalambari Dhavalambari (pronounced dhavaḻāmbari ) is a rāgam in Carnatic music (musical scale of South Indian classical music). It is the 49th "Melakarta" rāgam in the 72 "melakarta" rāgam system of Carnatic music. It is called Dhavaḻāngam or Dhavaḻāngi in Muthuswami Dikshitar school of Carnatic music.
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Vyasatirtha Vyasaraja or Vyasa Thirtha (Kannada: ವ್ಯಾಸತೀರ್ಥ ; 1447–1548), also called Vyasaraya or Chandrikacharya, was a Hindu philosopher, dialectician, polemicist and poet. He is considered to be one of the three great spiritual sages or "munitrayam" of Dvaita Vedanta, along with Madhvacharya and Jayatirtha, for his immense contribution to the school of thought. He was a scholar of very high order with a judicious defence of the Dvaita Vedanta against all rival schools of thought. He also brought the Haridasa cult, historically believed to be propagated by Sri Narahari Tirtha, into limelight. He belonged to the Dvaita school of Madhvacharya. He, along with Jayatirtha, helped systematize Dvaita into an established school of Vedic thought. Vyasaraja's genius lay in his clear understanding and exposition of all his opposing schools of thought, for which even his opponents admired him. He was a master at debate and dialogue in logic and philosophy. Till the publication of the Vyasayogicharita of the poet Somanatha, the world had no idea of the part played by Vyasaraja in the history of the Vijayanagara empire.
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Dipavamsa The Dipavamsa or Deepavamsa (i.e., "Chronicle of the Island"; in Pali: "Dīpavaṃsa"), is the oldest historical record of Sri Lanka. It means Chronicle of the Island. The chronicle is believed to be compiled from Atthakatha and other sources around the 3-4th century. Together with the "Mahavamsa", it is the source of many accounts of ancient history of Sri Lanka and India. Its importance resides not only as a source of history and legend, but also as an important early work in Buddhist and Pali literature.