Petras Cvirka (March 12, 1909 – May 2, 1947, Vilnius) was a Lithuanian author of several novels, children's books, and short story collections, born at Klangai, in where, that is also known as Government of Kauna , was a governorate ("guberniya") of the Russian Empire?
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Petras Cvirka Petras Cvirka (March 12, 1909, Klangai, Kovno Governorate – May 2, 1947, Vilnius) was a Lithuanian author of several novels, children's books, and short story collections. He wrote under a variety of "noms de plume": A. Cvingelis, Cezaris Petrėnas, J. K. Pavilionis, K. Cvirka, Kanapeikus, Kazys Gerutis, Klangis, Klangis Petras, Klangių Petras, L. P. Cvirka, Laumakys, P. Cvinglis, P. Cvirka-Rymantas, P. Gelmė, P. Veliuoniškis, Petras Serapinas, and S. Laumakys. His works have been translated into Belarusian, Bulgarian, Chinese, Czech, English, Estonian, Hungarian, Latvian, Polish, Romanian, and Uzbek.
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Kovno Governorate Kovno Governorate (Russian: Ковенская губеpния or "Kovenskaja gubernija"; Lithuanian: "Kauno gubernija" ) or Government of Kaunas was a governorate ("guberniya") of the Russian Empire. Its capital was Kaunas (Kovno in Russian). It was formed on 18 December 1842 by Tsar Nicholas I from the western part of Vilna Governorate, and the order was carried out on 1 July 1843. The Tsarist government had once considered it a part of Northwestern Krai. The governorate included almost the entire Lithuanian region of Žemaitija and the northern part of Aukštaitija.
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Tver Governorate Tver Governorate (Russian: Тверская губерния , "Tverskaya guberniya") was an administrative division (a "guberniya") of the Russian Empire and Russian SFSR, which existed from 1796 until 1929. Its seat was in Tver. The governorate was located in the center of the European part of the Russian Empire and bordered Novgorod Governorate in the north, Yaroslavl Governorate in the east, Vladimir Governorate in the southeast, Moscow Governorate in the south, Smolensk Governorate in the southwest, and Pskov Governorate in the west.
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Oryol Governorate Oryol Governorate (Russian: Орловская губерния , "Orlovskaya guberniya") or the Government of Oryol, was an administrative division (a "guberniya") of the Russian Empire and the early Russian SFSR, which existed from 1796 to 1928. Its seat was in the city of Oryol.
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Wierland County Wierland County (German: "Kreis Wierland" , German: "Kreis Viru" , German: "Kreis Rakvere" , Russian: Vezenbergsky Uyezd , Russian: Virlyandsky Uyezd ) was one of the four counties of the Russian Empire located in the Governorate of Estonia. It was situated in the eastern part of the governorate (in present-day northeastern Estonia). Its capital was Rakvere ("Wesenberg"). The territory of Kreis Wierland corresponds to most parts of the present-day Ida-Viru and Lääne-Viru counties and a small part of Jõgeva County.
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Kreis Fellin Kreis Fellin ("Viljandi kreis", "Феллинский уезд") was one of the nine subdivisions of the Governorate of Livonia of the Russian Empire. It was situated in the northern part of the governorate (in present-day southern Estonia). Its capital was Viljandi ("Fellin"). The territory of Kreis Fellin corresponds to the most part of the present-day Viljandi County and parts of Järva, Jõgeva and Valga counties.
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Šiauliai Šiauliai (] ) is the fourth largest city in Lithuania, with a population of 133,900. From 1994 to 2010 it was the capital of Šiauliai County. Unofficially, the city is the capital of Northern Lithuania.
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Belarusians in Lithuania The Belarusian minority in Lithuania (Belarusian: беларусы , "biełarusy", Russian: белорусы , "byelorusy", Lithuanian: "baltarusiai" or "gudai") numbered 36,200 persons at the 2011 census, and at 1.2% of the total population of Lithuania, being the third most populous national minority. The Belarusian national minority in Lithuania has deep historical, cultural and political relations. Many famous Belarusians lived and created in Lithuania, mostly its capital Vilnius; it was in Vilnius that the first standardized Belarusian language grammar was printed in.
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Kreis Ösel Kreis Ösel ("Saaremaa kreis", "Эзельский уезд") was one of the nine subdivisions of the Governorate of Livonia of the Russian Empire. Its capital was Kuressaare ("Arensburg"). It was situated in the northwestern part of the governorate (in present-day western Estonia). The territory of Kreis Ösel corresponds to the present-day Saare County.
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Kuopio Province The Kuopio Province (Finnish: "Kuopion lääni" , Swedish: "Kuopio län" , Russian: Куопиоская губерния ) was a province of Finland from 1831 to 1997. The province was named after its capital, city of Kuopio.
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Podlasie Governorate Podlasie Governorate (Russian: Подляcская губерния ; Polish: "Gubernia podlaska" ) was an administrative unit (a governorate) of the Kingdom of Poland.
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Kuźma Čorny Mikałaj Karlavich Ramanavski (Belarusian:Мікалай Карлавіч Раманоўскі, Russian: Николай Карлович Романо́вский ), known under the pseudonym Kuźma Čorny (Russian:Кузьма Чорный, 24 June 1900 in Borki, Białystok County, north-eastern Poland – 22 November 1944 in Minsk, Belarus) was a Byelorussian Soviet poet, writer, dramatist, and opinion journalist. He studied at the pedagogue school in Nesvizh from 1916 until 1919. During the 1920s, he worked as a teacher in Slutsk. In 1923, he was working in the faculty of literature and linguistics (pedagogue department) in the Belarusian State University in Minsk. From 1924 to 1928, he worked as a journalist in a magazine "Belaruskaja veska". In 1923, he was a member of a literary organisation "Maladniak", and editor of Uzvychch for five years from 1926 until 1931. During the World War II, he lived in Moscow, working in a journal "Раздавим фашистскую гадину" and "Belarus". Then he moved back to Minsk. He died on 22 November 1944, aged 44. He was an author of children's literature.
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Maghas Maghas or Maas — more properly, Mags or Maks — was the capital city of Alania, a medieval kingdom in the Greater Caucasus. It is known exclusively from Islamic sources. On the territory of the Karachays was the capital of Alania (Lower-Arkhyz settlement), where three 10th-century churches still stand. The destruction of Maghas is ascribed to Batu Khan, a Mongol leader and a grandson of Genghis Khan, in the beginning of 1239. Some Russian geographers, like D. V. Zayats, point to a location in Ingushetia.
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Lithuania Lithuania ( , Lithuanian: "Lietuva" ] ), officially the Republic of Lithuania (Lithuanian: "Lietuvos Respublika" ), is a country in the Baltic region of northern-eastern Europe. One of the three Baltic states, it is situated along the southeastern shore of the Baltic Sea, to the east of Sweden and Denmark. It is bordered by Latvia to the north, Belarus to the east and south, Poland to the south, and Kaliningrad Oblast (a Russian exclave) to the southwest. Lithuania has an estimated population of 2.8 million people as of 2017 , and its capital and largest city is Vilnius. Lithuanians are a Baltic people. The official language, Lithuanian, along with Latvian, is one of only two living languages in the Baltic branch of the Indo-European language family.
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Penza Governorate Penza Governorate (Russian: Пензенская губерния ) was an administrative division (a "guberniya") of the Russian Empire, located in the Volga Region. It existed from 1796 to 1797 and again from 1801 to 1928; its seat was in the city of Penza.
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Museum of Genocide Victims The Museum of Genocide Victims (Lithuanian: "Genocido aukų muziejus" ) in Vilnius, Lithuania was established in 1992 by order of the Minister of Culture and Education and the President of the Lithuanian Union of Political Prisoners and Deportees. In 1997 it was transferred to the Genocide and Resistance Research Centre of Lithuania. The museum is located in the former KGB headquarters across from the Lukiškės Square, therefore it is informally referred to as the KGB Museum.
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Piotrków Governorate Piotrków Governorate (Russian: Петроковская губерния ; Polish: "Gubernia piotrkowska" ) was an administrative unit (governorate) of the Congress Poland. Its capital was in Piotrków Trybunalski.
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Minsk Voivodeship Minsk Voivodeship (Belarusian: "Менскае ваяводзтва, Menskaje vajavodztva" , Polish: "Województwo mińskie" , Latin: "Palatinatus Minscensis" ) was a unit of administrative division and local government in Grand Duchy of Lithuania since 1566 and later in Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth until the partitions of the Commonwealth in 1793. Centred on the city of Minsk and subordinate to the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, the region continued the traditions - and shared the borders - of several previously existing units of administrative division, notably a separate Duchy of Minsk, annexed by Lithuania in the 13th century. It was replaced with Minsk Governorate in 1793.
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Šiauliai Ghetto The Šiauliai or Shavli Ghetto was a Jewish ghetto established in July 1941 by Nazi Germany in the city of Šiauliai (Yiddish: שאַװל‎ , "Shavl") in Nazi-occupied Lithuania during the Holocaust. The ghetto comprised two areas – one in the Kaukazas suburb and one on Trakai Street. Both were liquidated by July 1944, and their inhabitants were killed or transferred to Nazi concentration camps. In 1939, one quarter of the population of Šiauliai was Jewish, about 8,000 persons. By the end of World War II, only about 500 Jews of the city had survived.
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Konstanty Kalinowski Wincenty Konstanty Kalinowski, also known as Kastuś Kalinoŭski (Belarusian: Касту́сь Каліно́ўскі ), Konstanty Kalinowski (Polish) and Konstantinas Kalinauskas (Lithuanian) (21 January or 2 February 1838 – 22 March 1864), was a 19th-century writer, journalist, lawyer and revolutionary. He was one of the leaders of Belarusian, Polish and Lithuanian national revival and the leader of the January Uprising in lands of the former Grand Duchy of Lithuania in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth.
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Tbilisi Tbilisi ( ; Georgian: თბილისი ] ), in some countries also still named by its pre-1936 international designation Tiflis ( or ), is the capital and the largest city of Georgia, lying on the banks of the Kura River with a population of approximately 1.5 million people. Founded in the 5th century AD by Vakhtang I Gorgasali, the monarch of the Kingdom of Iberia, Tbilisi since served as the capital of various Georgian kingdoms and republics. Between 1801 and 1917, then being under the rule of the former Russian Empire, Tbilisi was the seat of the Imperial Viceroy, governing both Southern and Northern Caucasus.
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Black Sea Governorate The Black Sea Governorate (Russian: Черномо́рская губе́рния ), also known as Chernomore or the Black Sea Government, was one of the "guberniyas" of the Caucasus Viceroyalty of the Russian Empire.