What German born physicist discovered the photoelectric effect in1887?
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History of quantum mechanics The history of quantum mechanics is a fundamental part of the history of modern physics. Quantum mechanics' history, as it interlaces with the history of quantum chemistry, began essentially with a number of different scientific discoveries: the 1838 discovery of cathode rays by Michael Faraday; the 1859–60 winter statement of the black-body radiation problem by Gustav Kirchhoff; the 1877 suggestion by Ludwig Boltzmann that the energy states of a physical system could be "discrete"; the discovery of the photoelectric effect by Heinrich Hertz in 1887; and the 1900 quantum hypothesis by Max Planck that any energy-radiating atomic system can theoretically be divided into a number of discrete "energy elements" "ε" (epsilon) such that each of these energy elements is proportional to the frequency "ν" with which each of them individually radiate energy, as defined by the following formula:
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Heinrich Hertz Heinrich Rudolf Hertz (] ; 22 February 1857 – 1 January 1894) was a German physicist who first conclusively proved the existence of the electromagnetic waves theorized by James Clerk Maxwell's electromagnetic theory of light. The unit of frequency — cycle per second — was named the "hertz" in his honor.
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Georg Pfotzer Georg Pfotzer (29 November 1909 – 24 July 1981) was a German physicist.
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August Kundt August Adolf Eduard Eberhard Kundt (18 November 1839 – 21 May 1894) was a German physicist.
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Karl Schaum Ferdinand Karl Franz Schaum (14 July 1870, Frankfurt am Main – 30 January 1947, Gießen) was a German chemist who specialized in the field of photochemistry.
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Arthur R. von Hippel Arthur Robert von Hippel (November 19, 1898 – December 31, 2003) was a German American materials scientist and physicist. Von Hippel was a pioneer in the study of dielectrics, ferromagnetic and ferroelectric materials, and semiconductors and was a codeveloper of radar during World War II.
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Hermann Grimmeiss Hermann Grimmeiss (August 19, 1930), is a German-Swedish physicist. He became the first professor of solid-state physics at Lund University in 1965, and he held his post until his retirement in 1996. He became an important part of the Department of Physics and focused his research on electrical and photoelectric studies of semiconductor defects. He was elected as a member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Engineering Sciences in 1977 and the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences in 1978.
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Hermann Ebert Hermann Ebert (20 June 1861 in Leipzig – 12 February 1913 in Munich) was a German physicist.
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Johannes Rydberg Johannes (Janne) Robert Rydberg (8 November 1854 – 28 December 1919) was a Swedish physicist mainly known for devising the Rydberg formula, in 1888, which is used to predict the wavelengths of photons (of light and other electromagnetic radiation) emitted by changes in the energy level of an electron in a hydrogen atom.
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Gerda Laski Gerda Laski (4 June 1893 – 24 November 1928) was an Austrian/German physicist known for her research in infrared radiation. She earned her doctorate in physics from the University of Vienna in 1917. Laski directed the Kaiser Wilhelm Society's Institute for Fibers Research before moving to the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt to start her own department in 1928. Her researched concerned the Bohr model.
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Rudolf Hoppe Rudolf Hoppe (29 October 1922 – 24 November 2014), a German chemist, discovered the first covalent noble gas compounds.
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Leo Graetz Leo Graetz (26 September 1856 – 12 November 1941) was a German physicist. He was born in Breslau, Germany, and was the son of historian Heinrich Graetz.
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Herbert Fröhlich Herbert Fröhlich (9 December 1905 – 23 January 1991) FRS was a German-born British physicist.
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Frank J. Low Frank James Low (November 23, 1933 – June 11, 2009) was a solid state physicist who became a leader in the new field of infrared astronomy, after inventing the gallium doped germanium bolometer in 1961. This detector extended the range of the observable spectrum to much longer wavelengths.
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Reinhard Mecke Reinhard Mecke (born 14 July 1895 in Stettin; died 30 December 1969) was a German physicist, who focused on chemical physics. He was one of the pioneers of infrared spectroscopy.
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Arthur Korn Arthur Korn (May 20, 1870, Breslau, Germany – December 21/December 22, 1945, Jersey City, New Jersey) was a German physicist, mathematician and inventor. He was involved in the development of the fax machine, specifically the transmission of photographs or telephotography, known as the Bildetelegraph, related to early attempts at developing a practical mechanical television system.
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Abraham Esau Robert Abraham Esau (7 June 1884 – 12 May 1955) was a German physicist.
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Heinrich G. F. Schröder Heinrich Georg Friedrich Schröder (28 September 1810 – 12 May 1885) was a German natural scientist (physicist, chemist), mathematician and educator.
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Werner Kolhörster Werner Heinrich Gustav Kolhörster (28 December 1887 – 5 August 1946) was a German physicist and a pioneer of research into cosmic rays.
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Heinz-Jürgen Kluge Heinz-Jürgen Kluge, known as Jürgen Kluge (born 25 April 1941), is a physicist probably best known for the development of ion-storage devices and methods for accurate measurements of nuclear masses.
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Erich Schumann Erich Schumann (5 January 1898 – 25 April 1985) was a German physicist who specialized in acoustics and explosives, and had a penchant for music. He was a general officer in the army and a professor at the University of Berlin and the Technical University of Berlin. When Adolf Hitler came to power he joined the Nazi Party. During World War II, his positions in the Army Ordnance Office and the Army High Command made him one of the most powerful and influential physicists in Germany. He ran the German nuclear energy program from 1939 to 1942, when the army relinquished control to the Reich Research Council. His role in the project was obfuscated after the war by the German physics community’s defense of its conduct during the war. The publication of his book on the military’s role in the project was not allowed by the British occupation authorities. He was director of the Helmholtz Institute of Sound Psychology and Medical Acoustics.
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Erhard Kietz Dr. Erhard Karl Kietz (* August 22, 1909 in Leipzig Germany – April 6, 1982 in Blütlingen (Wustrow, Lower Saxony) Germany) was a German-born physicist, who researched frequency constancy of video signals.