The Poor Law Amendment Act 1834 (PLAA), known widely as the New Poor Law, was an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom passed by the Whig government of Earl Grey, it resulted from the 1832 Royal Commission into the Operation of the Poor Laws which included John Bird Sumner, was a bishop in the Church of England and Archbishop of where?
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Poor Law Amendment Act 1834 The Poor Law Amendment Act 1834 (PLAA), known widely as the New Poor Law, was an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom passed by the Whig government of Earl Grey. It completely replaced earlier legislation based on the Poor Law of 1601 and attempted to fundamentally change the poverty relief system in England and Wales (Scotland made similar changes to its poor law in 1845). It resulted from the 1832 Royal Commission into the Operation of the Poor Laws which included Edwin Chadwick, John Bird Sumner and Nassau William Senior. Chadwick was dissatisfied with the law that resulted from his report. The Act was passed two years after the 1832 Reform Act extended the franchise to the middle-classes. Some historians have argued that this was a major factor in the PLAA being passed.
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John Bird Sumner John Bird Sumner (25 February 1780 – 6 September 1862) was a bishop in the Church of England and Archbishop of Canterbury.
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Lloyd Crossley Owen Thomas Lloyd Crossley (30 April 1860 – 3 March 1926) was the fourth Anglican Bishop of Auckland for a short period during the second decade of the 20th century. Educated at the Belfast Academy and Trinity College, Dublin he began his ecclesiastical career with a curacy at " Sea Patrick " County Down. Incumbencies at Egremont and Almondbury were followed by a period living in Australia, including six years as Vicar of All Saint's, St Kilda, and Archdeacon of Geelong. He was also Archbishop's Chaplain, a lecturer at St John's Theological College, and Chairman of Governors of the Geelong Grammar School. Not long after his appointment in 1905, he was elected to a vacancy on the Council of Trinity College (University of Melbourne). In 1911, he was elevated to the episcopate as Bishop of Auckland. Ill health prompted his return from New Zealand two years later and he served the remainder of his career as Rector of St Andrew's Major near Cardiff, retiring to Bramshott, Hampshire, in 1917. He died after being hit by a motor-van, soon after alighting from a bus in London.
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Wildlife law in England and Wales Wildlife law in England and Wales is the law relating to the protection of wildlife in England and Wales. The law is "confusing" and "complicated", and contains "inconsistencies", and as of November 2013 the Law Commission has recently finished a consultation about the possibility of reform. Much of the existing law dates from pre-Victorian times when wildlife was viewed as a resource to be exploited by the landowner or occupier. It was normal to kill animals for fun; phrases such as "game" or "sporting rights" are revealing word-choices in this respect. Public opinion is now much more in the birds' and animals' favour than the landowners. In response to this there have been a substantial number of laws passed (often private members' bills) that aim to prevent cruelty or to protect particular species, but the approach has generally been piecemeal.
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Archdeacon of Bristol The Archdeacon of Bristol is a senior ecclesiastical officer within the Diocese of Bristol. The archdeaconry was created – within the Diocese of Gloucester and Bristol – by Order in Council on 7 October 1836 and became part of the re-erected Diocese of Bristol on 8 February 1898.
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Act of Uniformity 1662 The Act of Uniformity 1662 (14 Car 2 c 4) is an Act of the Parliament of England. (It was formerly cited as 13 & 14 Ch.2 c. 4, by reference to the regnal year when it was passed on 19 May 1662.) It prescribed the form of public prayers, administration of sacraments, and other rites of the Established Church of England, according to the rites and ceremonies prescribed in the Book of Common Prayer. Adherence to this was required in order to hold any office in government or the church, although the 1662 edition of the Book of Common Prayer prescribed by the Act was so new that most people had never even seen a copy. It also explicitly required episcopal ordination for all ministers, i.e. deacons, priests and bishops, which had to be reintroduced since the Puritans had abolished many features of the Church during the Civil War.
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Commissioners' church A Commissioners' church, also known as a Waterloo church and Million Act church, is an Anglican church in the United Kingdom built with money voted by Parliament as a result of the Church Building Acts of 1818 and 1824. The 1818 Act supplied a grant of money and established the Church Building Commission to direct its use, and in 1824 made a further grant of money. In addition to paying for the building of churches, the Commission had powers to divide and subdivide parishes, and to provide endowments. The Commission continued to function as a separate body until the end of 1856, when it was absorbed into the Ecclesiastical Commission. In some cases the Commissioners provided the full cost of the new church; in other cases they provided a grant and the balance was raised locally.
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Act of Settlement 1703 The Act of Settlement of 1703 (passed in 1704) was an Act of Tynwald passed clarifying the status of the population of the Isle of Man. It has been referred to as a Manx Magna Carta as its aim was to preserve the rights of the peasants in relation to their Lord. In the 16th century, tenants on the Isle had begun to consider their estates as their own but at the end of that century restrictions began to be enforced. An ordinance in 1582 stated that lands were not to be alienated (bought and sold, or left in wills) except by the Lord's license, which came with a fine. This was repealed in 1608 but reimposed in 1645. This situation was not popular among tenants who found themselves losing rights they had previously considered their own. By the last quarter of the century alienation fines were being successfully imposed. These fines made it difficult for tenants to get by and many had to abandon their land. This situation could not continue and in 1703 Bishop Wilson travelled to speak with the Earl on behalf of the tenants with a view to settling the issue. The Earl agreed to restore to his tenants their ancestral estates and impose significantly smaller fines (a third of the previous levels) and, in the case of inheritance, to allow a year for these fines to be paid. The Act was re-enacted in 1777 after revestment, and is today considered the foundation of the Island's constitution.
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Roman Catholic Relief Act 1829 The Roman Catholic Relief Act 1829, passed by Parliament in 1829, was the culmination of the process of Catholic Emancipation throughout the UK. In Ireland it repealed the Test Act 1672 and the remaining Penal Laws which had been in force since the passing of the Disenfranchising Act of the Irish Parliament of 1728. Its passage followed a vigorous campaign on the issue by Irish lawyer Daniel O'Connell. O'Connell had firm support from the Prime Minister, the Duke of Wellington, as well as from the Whigs and liberal Tories.
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Irish Poor Laws The Irish Poor Laws were a series of Acts of Parliament intended to address social instability due to widespread and persistent poverty in Ireland. While some legislation had been introduced by the pre-Union Parliament of Ireland prior to the Act of Union, the most radical and comprehensive attempt was the Irish act of 1838, closely modelled on the English Poor Law of 1834. In England, this replaced Elizabethan era legislation which had no equivalent in Ireland.
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John Patteson (bishop) John Coleridge Patteson (1 April 1827 – 20 September 1871) was an English Anglican bishop and martyr. He studied at Oxford University and did more study of languages in Germany, becoming ordained as a priest in England in 1854.
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See of Rome Act 1536 An Act extinguishing the authority of the bishop of Rome ("28 Hen.8 c. 10") was an Act of Parliament passed by the Parliament of England in 1536. It consisted mostly of a violent attack on the authority of the Pope and his followers, and declared that those who committed the following offences would be liable for prosecution under the Statute of Praemunire 1392:
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St Stephen's Church, Shepherd's Bush The Church of St Stephen and St Thomas is a Church of England parish church in Shepherd's Bush, London. It is a so-called "Commissioners' church"; an Anglican church in the United Kingdom built with money voted by Parliament as a result of the Church Building Act of 1818. It was built circa 1849–50, designed by architect Anthony Salvin in the Gothic Revival style with a tower. The church is located on the south side of Uxbridge Road on the corner of Coverdale Road, to the west of Shepherd's Bush tube station. St Stephen's welcomed many members of the so-called "Windrush Generation" from the West Indies in the 1950s, and in 1966 the vicar John Asbridge set up the Shepherd's Bush Housing Association to help solve chronic problems of homelessness and poverty in the local area. The church is on Historic England's "At Risk" Register and an appeal has been launched to raise funds to repair the decaying Victorian roof.
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Anglican Communion The Anglican Communion is an international association of autonomous churches consisting of the Church of England and national and regional Anglican churches ("provinces") in full communion with it. Full participation in the sacramental life of each church is available to all communicant Anglicans.
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John Gould John Gould FRS ( ; 14 September 1804 – 3 February 1881) was an English ornithologist and bird artist. He published a number of monographs on birds, illustrated by plates that he produced with the assistance of his wife, Elizabeth Gould, and several other artists including Edward Lear, Henry Constantine Richter, Joseph Wolf and William Matthew Hart. He has been considered the father of bird study in Australia and the Gould League in Australia is named after him. His identification of the birds now nicknamed "Darwin's finches" played a role in the inception of Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection. Gould's work is referenced in Charles Darwin's book, "On the Origin of Species".
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Reform Act 1832 The Representation of the People Act 1832 (known informally as the 1832 Reform Act, Great Reform Act or First Reform Act to distinguish it from subsequent Reform Acts) was an Act of Parliament of the United Kingdom (indexed as 2 & 3 Will. IV c. 45) that introduced wide-ranging changes to the electoral system of England and Wales. According to its preamble, the Act was designed to "take effectual Measures for correcting divers Abuses that have long prevailed in the Choice of Members to serve in the Commons House of Parliament". Before the reform, most members nominally represented boroughs. The number of electors in a borough varied widely, from a dozen or so up to 12,000. Frequently the selection of MPs was effectively controlled by one powerful patron: for example Charles Howard, 11th Duke of Norfolk controlled eleven boroughs. Criteria for qualification for the franchise varied greatly among boroughs, from the requirement to own land, to merely living in a house with a hearth sufficient to boil a pot.
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Joseph Townsend Joseph Townsend (4 April 1739 – 9 November 1816) was a physician, geologist and vicar of Pewsey in Wiltshire, perhaps best known for his 1786 treatise "A Dissertation on the Poor Laws" in which he expounded a naturalistic theory of economics and opposed the provision state provision, either outdoor or otherwise.
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Clergy Act 1640 The Clergy Act 1640 (also known as the Bishops Exclusion Act or the Clerical Disabilities Act) (16 Car. I, c.27) was an Act of Parliament of the Parliament of England passed in 1642 by the Long Parliament.
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Beilby Porteus Beilby Porteus (or Porteous; 8 May 1731 – 13 May 1809), successively Bishop of Chester and of London, was a Church of England reformer and a leading abolitionist in England. He was the first Anglican in a position of authority to seriously challenge the Church's position on slavery.
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Second Statute of Repeal The Second Statute of Repeal, an Act of the Parliament of England (1 & 2 Ph. & M. c. 8) passed in the Parliament of Queen Mary I and King Philip in 1555, followed the First Statute of Repeal of 1553. The first statute had abolished all religious legislation passed under Edward VI and the second statute built on it by abolishing all religious legislation passed against the Papacy from 1529 (the fall of Cardinal Thomas Wolsey), in Henry VIII's reign. It did this while allowing Mary to keep the title of Supreme Head of the Church of England, a title which had been given to the monarch of England by Henry VIII's Act of Supremacy, passed in 1534. It was supported by the landed classes as it allowed them to keep the monastic land which they had acquired after the dissolution of the Monasteries.
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Poor Law policy after the New Poor Law Poor Law policy after the New Poor Law concerns the time period c. 1847–1900 after the implementation of the Poor Law Amendment Act until the beginnings of the decline of the Poor Law system at the start of the 20th century.
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Bishop of London The Bishop of London is the ordinary of the Church of England Diocese of London in the Province of Canterbury.