Where is Taishanese the dominant divergent of Cantonese phonology most spoken in North America?
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Cantonese phonology The standard pronunciation of Cantonese is that of Guangzhou, also known as Canton, the capital of Guangdong Province. Hong Kong Cantonese is related to the Guangzhou dialect, and the two diverge only slightly. Yue dialects in other parts of Guangdong and Guangxi provinces, such as Taishanese, may be considered divergent to a greater degree.
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Taishanese Taishanese, or in the Cantonese romanization Toishanese (; Taishanese: ] ), is a dialect of Yue Chinese. The dialect is related to and is often referred to as Cantonese but has little mutual intelligibility with the latter. Taishanese is spoken in the southern part of Guangdong Province in China, particularly around the city-level county of Taishan located on the western fringe of the Pearl River Delta. In the late 19th century and early 20th century, a significant amount of Chinese emigration to North America originated from this four-counties area called Sze Yup, making Toishanese a dominant variety of the Chinese language spoken in Chinatowns in Canada and the United States. It was formerly the lingua franca of the overseas Chinese residing in the United States.
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Singaporean Hokkien Singaporean Hokkien (;Tâi-lô: "Sin-ka-pho Hok-kiàn-uē") is a local variant of the Hokkien language spoken in Singapore. In Chinese academic circles, this dialect is known as Singaporean Ban-Lam Gu "新加坡闽南語"("Sin-ka-pho bân-lâm-gu"). It is closely related to the Southern Malaysian Hokkien (南马福建话) spoken in Southern Malaysia as well as Riau Hokkien (廖内福建话) spoken in the Indonesian province of Riau. It also bears close resemblance with Amoy (厦门话) spoken in Amoy of China and Taiwanese Hokkien (台灣閩南語/台語/台灣話) spoken in Taiwan.
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Tai Dam language Tai Dam (), also known as Black Tai (Thai: ภาษาไทดำ ;  ] ; "Black Tai language"; ) is a Tai language spoken by the Tai Dam in Vietnam, Laos, Thailand, and China (mostly in Jinping Miao, Yao, and Dai Autonomous County).
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Southern Quechua Southern Quechua (Spanish: "quechua sureño" ), or simply Quechua, is the most widely spoken of the major regional groupings of mutually intelligible dialects within the Quechua language family, with about 6.9 million speakers. It is also the most widely spoken indigenous language in the entire New World. The term "Southern Quechua" refers to the Quechuan varieties spoken in regions of the Andes south of a line roughly east-west between the cities of Huancayo and Huancavelica in central Peru. It includes the Quechua varieties spoken in the regions of Ayacucho, Cusco and Puno in Peru, in much of Bolivia and parts of north-west Argentina. The most widely spoken varieties are South Bolivian, Cusco, Ayacucho, and Puno (Collao).
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Longyan Min Longyan Min (龍巖閩語), is a variety of Min Chinese spoken in the eastern part of Longyan region in the southern Chinese province of Fujian. The Longyan Min people had settled in the region from southern part of Fujian Province as early as the Tang dynasty period (618–907). Longyan Min has in the past been influenced by Hakka Chinese due to large numbers of Hakka migrants into the region. As a result, it has limited intelligibility with Southern Min dialects such as Teochew and Hokkien–Taiwanese. Today, Longyan Min is predominantly spoken in Longyan's Xinluo District and Zhangping City.
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Hokkien influence on Singaporean Mandarin Singaporean Hokkien is the largest Non-Mandarin Chinese dialect spoken in Singapore. As such, it exerts the greatest influence on Colloquial Singaporean Mandarin, resulting in a Hokkien-style Singaporean Mandarin widely spoken in Singapore. The colloquial Hokkien-style Singaporean Mandarin can differ from Mandarin in terms of vocabulary, phonology and grammar.
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Atlas of North American English The Atlas of North American English (formerly, the "Phonological Atlas of North America") is an overview of the pronunciation patterns (accents) in all the major urbanized regional dialects of the English language spoken in the United States and Canada. It is the result of a large-scale survey by linguists William Labov, Sharon Ash, and Charles Boberg. It traces sound changes in progress in North America in the 1990s, and seeks to redefine dialect boundaries based on acoustic analysis of speech samples.
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Punti Punti (, literally "local(s)") is a Cantonese endonym that refers to the Cantonese people of Guangdong, Hong Kong, and Macau. "Punti" designates the Cantonese-speaking locals in contrast to the Hakka immigrants who arrived in Guangdong during the Qing dynasty, the Hoklo people who spoke a different language, and the boat-dwelling Tanka people.
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Chinese Radio New York Chinese Radio New York () is a Cantonese-dialect broadcast originating from New York City. The program is simulcast to Philadelphia on WNWR Mondays to Fridays 3 p.m.–8 p.m. On February 1, 2007, Chinese Radio New York started a 24-hour station on the 67 kHz subcarrier of WPAT-FM 93.1. These broadcasts have since been discontinued in favor of Internet streaming.
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Cantonese Cantonese, or Standard Cantonese, is a variety of the Chinese language spoken around Canton (Guangzhou) and its vicinity in southeastern China. It is the traditional prestige variety of Yue, one of the major subdivisions of Chinese.
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Chinese Pidgin English Chinese Pidgin English (also called Chinese Coastal English or Pigeon English, ) is a pidgin language lexically based on English, but influenced by a Chinese substratum. From the 17th to the 19th centuries, there was also Chinese Pidgin English spoken in Cantonese-speaking portions of China. Chinese Pidgin English is heavily influenced by a number of varieties of Chinese with variants arising among different provinces (for example in Shanghai and Ningbo).
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Siyi Yue Siyi (Seiyap or Sze Yup in Cantonese; ) is a coastal branch of Yue Chinese spoken mainly in Guangdong province, but is also used in overseas Chinese communities. Within the province, it is mainly spoken in the prefecture-level city of Jiangmen, but pockets exist outside of Jiangmen, including the Doumen and Jinwan districts in Zhuhai, Guzhen in Zhongshan and Jun'an in Foshan. Taishanese, which was one of the most important Chinese dialects in Chinese American communities, is considered a representative dialect.
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Hm Nai language Hm Nai (Mandarin: Wunai (唔奈 "wúnài"), Cantonese: Ng-nai) is a Hmong-Mien language (Mandarin: Miao-Yao, Chinese: 苗瑶) spoken in western Hunan province, China. There are approximately 5800 people speaking this language, and the number is decreasing. Mao & Li (1997) determined it to be closely related to the Pa-Hng language.
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Shantou dialect The Shantou dialect, formerly known as the Swatow dialect, is a dialect mostly spoken in Shantou in Guangdong, China. It is a sub-dialect of Min Nan Chinese, and sometimes a sub-dialect of Teochew Min.
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North American Spanish North American Spanish (Spanish: "español norteamericano" ) is the name of the Spanish dialects spoken in North America.
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North American English regional phonology North American English regional phonology is the study of variations in the pronunciation of spoken North American English (English of the United States and Canada), though studies of regional dialects can be based on multiple factors, including phonological (abstract sound-based), phonetic (physical sound-based), lexical (vocabulary-based), and some syntactic (grammar-based) factors. North American English includes American English, which has several highly developed and distinct regional varieties, along with the closely related Canadian English, which is more homogeneous. American English (especially Western dialects) and Canadian English have more in common with each other than with varieties of English outside North America.
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Philippine Mandarin Philippine Mandarin () is a variety of Standard Mandarin Chinese widely spoken by Chinese Filipinos. It is based on the phonology of the Beijing dialect and the grammar of Vernacular Chinese, and is identical to the standard of Mandarin used in the Republic of China, Taiwan that is called "Guoyu" (國語 ). In terms of phonology, vocabulary and grammar, Standard Philippine Mandarin is similar to "Guoyu" (Standard Chinese in the Republic of China (Taiwan)) because almost all uses dictionaries and books from Taiwan. Many Chinese Filipino schools uses bopomofo ("zhuyin fuhao") to teach the language. Philippine Mandarin uses the Traditional Chinese characters in writing and it is seen in the newspapers. "Philippine Mandarin" can be classified into two distinct Mandarin dialects: "Standard Mandarin" and "Colloquial Mandarin". These two dialects are easily distinguishable to a person proficient in Mandarin. "Standard Mandarin" is like the standard language of Taiwan, while "Colloquial Mandarin" tends to combine "Mandarin" () and "Min Nan Yu" (閩南語 ) or Southern Hokkien features.
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Ottawa Valley English Ottawa Valley English is Canadian English of the Ottawa Valley, particularly in reference to the historical local varieties of the area, now largely in decline. The accents of such traditional varieties are commonly referred to as an Ottawa Valley twang or brogue. The Ottawa Valley historically extends along the Ottawa River from northwest of Montreal through the city of Ottawa and north of Algonquin Park. According to the "Atlas of North American English", an Ottawa Valley traditional dialect enclave remains, for example, in Arnprior, which lacks the Canadian raising of and strongly fronts the vowel sound in , yet neither marked feature is documented in the city of Ottawa itself or other nearby urban areas, which speak Standard Canadian English.
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General Chinese General Chinese ( "Tung-dzih") is a diaphonemic orthography invented by Yuen Ren Chao to represent the pronunciations of all major varieties of Chinese simultaneously. It is "the most complete genuine Chinese diasystem yet published". It can also be used for the Korean, Japanese, and Vietnamese pronunciations of Chinese characters, and challenges the claim that Chinese characters are required for interdialectal communication in written Chinese.
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Chaoshan Chaoshan or Teoswa (; peng'im: "Dio⁵suan¹" ]) is the linguistic and cultural region in the east of Guangdong, China that is developing into a single metropolis. This region is the origin of the Min Nan Teochew dialect (潮汕话 ). The region, also known as Chiusaan in Cantonese, consists of the cities Jieyang, Chaozhou and Shantou. It differs linguistically from the rest of Guangdong province which consists of Leizhou Min, Yue, and Hakka speakers. It is historically important as the ancestral homeland of many Thais, Singaporeans, and Malaysians of Chinese descent.
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Swampy Cree Swampy Cree, known by themselves as Maskiki Wi Iniwak, Mushkegowuk (or Maškēkowak in common Cree spelling) or Maskekon therefore often known as Muskegon and Muskegoes. Sometimes also called West Main Cree or Lowland Cree, are a division of the Cree First Nation occupying lands located in northern Manitoba, along the Saskatchewan River in northeastern Saskatchewan, along the shores of Hudson Bay and adjoining interior lands south and west as well territories along the shores of Hudson and James Bay in Ontario. They are geographically and to some extant culturally split into two main groupings, and therefore speak two dialects of the Swampy Cree language, which is a "n-dialect":