Eric Campbell was the leader of a fascist movement formed in what year?
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Eric Campbell (political activist) Eric Campbell (11 April 1893 – 2 September 1970) was a solicitor in New South Wales, Australia and the leader of the New Guard Fascist movement.
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New Guard The New Guard was formed in Sydney, Australia in February 1931 as a paramilitary offshoot from a conservative tradition defending loyalty to King and Empire, sound government, law and order, individual liberty and property rights. In particular, the movement was formed in response to the policies adopted by Jack Lang, the leader of the Labor Party and Premier of New South Wales It was led by Lt. Colonel Eric Campbell, a First World War veteran. The New Guard declined rapidly following Lang's dismissal in May 1932, with its remaining members becoming increasingly inclined towards fascism. Still led by Campbell, the movement unsuccessfully attempted to enter parliament at the 1935 state election (running as the Centre Party), but disbanded completely shortly after.
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British Fascism British Fascism refers to the form of fascism promoted by political parties and movements in Britain. British fascism was based on British nationalism. Historical example of fascist movements in Britain included the British Fascists (1923-1934), the Imperial Fascist League (1929-1939), and the British Union of Fascists (1932-1940).
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Fascist Manifesto The Manifesto of the Italian Fasci of Combat (Italian: "Il manifesto dei fasci italiani di combattimento" ), commonly known as the Fascist Manifesto, was the initial declaration of the political stance of the "Fasci Italiani di Combattimento" ("Italian League of Combat") the movement founded in Milan by Benito Mussolini in 1919 and an early exponent of Fascism. The Manifesto was authored by national syndicalist Alceste De Ambris and Futurist movement leader Filippo Tommaso Marinetti.
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Anti-Fascist Committee for a Free Germany The Anti-Fascist Committee for a Free Germany (German: "Antifaschistische Komitee Freies Deutschland", or AKFD) was an organization of former Wehrmacht soldiers modeled after the National Committee for a Free Germany. The Balkans-based organization existed from August to December 1944. Falk Harnack was one of its co-founders.
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Empire Free Trade Crusade The Empire Free Trade Crusade was a political party in the United Kingdom. It was founded by Lord Beaverbrook in July 1929 to press for the British Empire to become a free trade bloc.
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The European (1953 magazine) The European was a privately circulated far-right cultural and political magazine that was published between 1953 and 1959. During this tenure, it was edited by fascist supporter and politician Diana Mosley. The magazine was published by 'Euphorion Books', a publishing company formed by Mosley and her husband, Sir Oswald Mosley, founder of the British Union of Fascists.
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Neu Beginnen Neu Beginnen (English: "[to] begin anew") was an anti-fascist opposition group formed in 1929 by left-wing members of the Social Democratic Party. After the Nazis seized power in 1933, the members of the small group discussed what the future of Germany should be after the Nazis. The conclusion was a left-wing coalition government consisting of Social Democrats, Socialists and Communists. The leaders of the group saw disunity among the left as one of the key reasons the NSDAP had been able to seize power. They produced illegal pamphlets to advocate their ideas but failed to unite enough anti-fascists to take a significant hold. As a consequence, its loosely organised followers had all either been killed, left the party or been arrested by 1936.
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Fascism (disambiguation) Fascism is a political ideology.
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Hellenic Socialist Patriotic Organisation The ESPO (Greek: Ελληνική Σοσιαλιστική Πατριωτική Οργάνωσις, "Hellenic Socialist Patriotic Organization" ) was a collaborationist, pro-Nazi organization created in the summer of 1941 in German-occupied Greece, under the leadership of Dr. Spyros Sterodimas. Its members were ultra-nationalists, national-socialists and/or fascists aiming to help the Axis occupation forces against Communism and Jewry.
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List of British fascist parties Although Fascism in the United Kingdom never reached the heights of many of its European counterparts, British politics after the First World War saw the emergence of a number of fascist movements, none of which ever came to power.
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Red fascism Red fascism is a pejorative term used to describe Stalinism as being similar to fascism. Accusations that the leaders of the Soviet Union during the Stalinist period acted as "Red Fascists" were commonly stated by Trotskyists, left communists, social democrats, democratic socialists and anarchists, as well as among right wing circles.
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Freethinkers' Party The Freethinkers' Party (Greek: Κόμμα των Ελευθεροφρόνων ) was a Greek Nationalist and Monarchist party founded and led by Ioannis Metaxas who was the Prime Minister and dictator of Greece from 1936 to 1941. It was formally founded in November 1922 after the adoption of the party's manifesto that was unveiled on October 13, 1922. Metaxas had the party and all other parties dissolved following the establishment of the 4th of August Regime, in which he ruled as an official independent.
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National Union (Netherlands) The National Union (Dutch: "Nationale Unie" ) was a Dutch fascist political party active during the 1920s and 1930s.
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Russian Fascist Organization Russian Fascist Organization (RFO) was the name adopted by a Russian émigré group active in Manchuria before World War II.
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European Social Movement The European Social Movement (ESM) was a neo-fascist Europe-wide alliance set up in 1951 to promote pan-European nationalism.
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Squadrismo Squadrismo [skwaˈdrizmo] consisted of fascist squads, mostly from rural areas, who were led by the "ras" from 1918–1924. As a movement, it grew from the inspiration many "squadistsi" leaders found in Benito Mussolini, but was not directly controlled by Mussolini, and each squad tended to follow their own local leader. The "squadrismo" has been described as a “very undisciplined set of local bosses” where Mussolini attempted to assert some type of leadership control, although he had “not appointed” them nor had he usually met them. According to historian Stanley G. Payne, the "new mass Fascism had not been created by Mussolini," but the "squadrismo" had sprung up around him in rural areas, first starting in northern Italy.
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Movement for Socialism (Britain) The Movement for Socialism is an occasional grouping of socialists in the United Kingdom. It originated as one half of the major split in the Workers Revolutionary Party of 1985. Initially, both halves continued under the WRP name and both published a newspaper named "News Line", but Cliff Slaughter's group later renamed the publication "Workers Press".
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Albanian Fascist Party The Albanian Fascist Party (Albanian: "Partia Fashiste e Shqipërisë" , or PFSh) was a Fascist organization active during World War II which held nominal power in Albania from 1939, when the country was conquered by Italy, until 1943, when Italy capitulated to the Allies. Afterwards, Albania fell under German occupation, and the PFSh was replaced by the Guard of Greater Albania.
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Greenshirts (National Corporate Party) The Greenshirts were members of the fascist National Corporate Party (NCP) in Ireland in the 1930s. The NCP was founded by Eoin O'Duffy after he broke from the Fine Gael party in 1935. The Greenshirts were different from the better known Blueshirts, O'Duffy's followers before he left Fine Gael. Only eighty of the Blueshirts later became Greenshirts. It was an influence to a later fascist party, Ailtirí na hAiséirghe.
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Revisionist Maximalism Revisionist Maximalism was a short-term Jewish fascist ideology which was part of the Brit HaBirionim faction of the Zionist Revisionist Movement (ZRM) created by Abba Ahimeir. Revisionist Maximalists strongly supported the Italian fascist regime of Benito Mussolini and wanted the creation of an Israel based on fascist principles. The Revisionist Maximalists became the largest faction in the ZRM in 1930 but collapsed in support in 1933 after Ahimeir's controversial decision to support Nazi Germany due to its fascist and anti-communist stances, while opposing their antisemitic policies. After facing outrage, Ahimeir reversed his position shortly afterwards, with Revisionist Maximalists attacking German consulates, but support for Ahimeir did not recover and the Revisionist Maximalists collapsed until they were recreated in 1938 under new leadership.
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Army Group Liguria Army Group Liguria (Heeresgruppen Ligurien, or LXXXXVII Army) was an army group formed for the National Republican Army ("Esercito Nazionale Repubblicano", or ENR). The ENR was the national army of Italian dictator Benito Mussolini's Italian Social Republic ("Repubblica Sociale Italiana", or RSI). Formation of this RSI army started in 1943 and the army was disbanded in 1945. Army Group Liguria included several German units and its Italian units were sometimes transferred to German formations.