The second President of Egypt led the Free Officers Movement along with what other man?
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Egyptian revolution of 1952 The Egyptian revolution of 1952 (Arabic: ثورة 23 يوليو 1952‎ ‎ ), also known as the July 23 revolution, began on July 23, 1952, by the Free Officers Movement, a group of army officers led by Muhammad Naguib and Gamal Abdel Nasser. The revolution was initially aimed at overthrowing King Faruq. However, the movement had more political ambitions, and soon moved to abolish the constitutional monarchy and aristocracy of Egypt and Sudan, establish a republic, end the British occupation of the country, and secure the independence of Sudan (previously governed as an Anglo-Egyptian condominium). The revolutionary government adopted a staunchly nationalist, anti-imperialist agenda, which came to be expressed chiefly through Arab nationalism, and international non-alignment.
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Gamal Abdel Nasser Gamal Abdel Nasser Hussein (Arabic: جمال عبد الناصر حسين‎ ‎ , ] ; 15 January 1918 – 28 September 1970) was the second President of Egypt, serving from 1956 until his death. Nasser led the 1952 overthrow of the monarchy and introduced far-reaching land reforms the following year. Following a 1954 attempt on his life by a Muslim Brotherhood member, he cracked down on the organization, put President Muhammad Naguib under house arrest, and assumed executive office, officially becoming president in June 1956.
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Aly Lotfy Mahmoud Aly Mahmoud Lotfy (] ; born 6 October 1935) served as Prime Minister of Egypt from 4 September 1985 to 9 November 1986.
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List of Prime Ministers of Egypt This article lists the Prime Ministers of Egypt. The office of Prime Minister was created when the Cabinet of Egypt was established in August 1878, after Khedive Isma'il Pasha agreed to turn his powers over to a cabinet modeled after those of Europe. Nubar Pasha was thus the first Prime Minister of Egypt in the modern sense. Prior to that, Egypt had traditional Muslim-style viziers. The current Prime Minister of Egypt is Sherif Ismail, since 19 September 2015.
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Sefako Makgatho Sefako Mapogo Makgatho (1861, Ga-Mphahlele – 23 May 1951) was a South African []]. He was the second president of the African National Congress.
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Kazeboon "Kazeboon" (also spelled "Kazabun"), which means "liars" in Arabic, is a public-awareness and alternative media campaign in Egypt critical of the Supreme Council of the Armed Forces (SCAF), the current governing power. The Egypt's Supreme Council of the Armed Forces (Scaf), has taken over from President Hosni Mubarak a year ago, and was said to transfer power to a civilian administration.
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Abdel Wahab el-Beshry Abdel Wahab el-Beshry was a Minister of Defence of Egypt during the period Gamal Abdel Nasser was President. He was among the leading figures in Egypt during the 1960s.
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Muhammad Ahmad Muhammad Ahmad bin Abd Allah (Arabic: محمد أحمد ابن عبد الله; August 12, 1844 – June 22, 1885) was a religious leader of the Samaniyya order in Sudan who, on June 29, 1881, proclaimed himself the Mahdi, the messianic redeemer of the Islamic faith. His proclamation came during a period of widespread resentment among the Sudanese population towards the oppressive policies of the Turco-Egyptian rulers, and capitalized on the messianic beliefs popular among the various Sudanese religious sects of the time. More broadly, the Mahdiyya, as Muhammad Ahmad's movement was called, was influenced by earlier Mahdist movements in West Africa and other forms of Islamic revivalism that developed in reaction to the growing military and economic dominance of the European powers throughout the 19th century.
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Hussein Sirri Amer Hussein Sirri Amer was a senior Egyptian general during the reign of King Farouk, to whom he was notably loyal. He served as the Commander of the Frontier Corps. During the 1948 Arab-Israeli War he was believed by members of the officer corps of being complicit in the distribution of faulty arms to Egyptian troops. When General Muhammad Naguib was set to be appointed War Minister by Prime Minister Hussein Sirri Pasha and had the support of the officer corps, King Farouk intervened to have Amer appointed instead. Amer's holding of the post was meant to keep potential disloyalty within the armed forces in check. An assassination attempt against Amer by members of the Free Officers, including future president Gamal Abdel Nasser, took place in January 1952, but failed. Following the Egyptian Revolution of 1952, Amer was tried for his role in the arms scandal of the 1948 war.
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Egyptian referendum, 1956 A double referendum was held in Egypt on 23 June 1956. The two issues were the candidacy of Gamal Abdel Nasser for the post of president, and a new constitution. Both were approved, with the official figures showing 99.9% in favour of Nasser's candidacy and 99.8% in favour of the constitution.
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Fouad Mohamed Abou Zikry Admiral Fouad Mohamed Abou Zikry (Arabic: فؤاد محمد ابوذكري) (November 8, 1923 – January 26, 1983) was Commander-in-Chief of the Egyptian Navy (June 1969 to September 1969 / October 1972 to November 1976) and Vice Defense Minister from 12 February 1972 to October 29, 1973. He later served as an Advisor of Naval Affairs to the President of the Republic of Egypt (Anwar Al Sadat), Deputy Minister of Maritime Transport, Chairman of Federal Arab Maritime Company (FAMCO).
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Adly Mansour Adly Mahmoud Mansour (Arabic: عدلى محمود منصور‎ ‎   ] ; born 23 December 1945) is an Egyptian judge and politician who is the President (or Chief Justice) of the Supreme Constitutional Court of Egypt. He also served as the acting President of Egypt from 4 July 2013 to 8 June 2014 following the 2013 Egyptian coup d'état by the military which deposed President Mohamed Morsi. Several secular and religious figures, such as the Grand Imam of al-Azhar (Ahmed el-Tayeb), the Coptic Pope (Tawadros II), and Mohamed ElBaradei supported the coup against President Morsi and the military appointed Mansour interim-president until an election could take place. Morsi refused to acknowledge his removal as valid and continued to maintain that only he could be considered the legitimate President of Egypt. Mansour was sworn into office in front of the Supreme Constitutional Court on 4 July 2013.
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Mustafa Fazıl Pasha Mustafa Fazıl Pasha (Arabic: مصطفى بهجت علي فاضل باشا‎ ‎ ; 22 February 1830 – 11 November 1875) was an Ottoman Egyptian prince belonging to the Muhammad Ali Dynasty founded by his grandfather Muhammad Ali Pasha.
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Abraham Serfaty Abraham Serfaty (Arabic: أبراهام سرفاتي‎ ‎ ‎; 1926 – 18 November 2010) was an internationally prominent Moroccan dissident, militant, and political activist, who was imprisoned for years by King Hassan II of Morocco, for his political actions in favor of democracy and developments regime , during the Years of Lead. He paid a high price for such actions: fifteen months living underground, seventeen years of imprisonment and eight years of exile. Upon his return to Morocco in September 1999, he was given the position of Advisor to king Mohammed VI
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Algiers putsch of 1961 The Algiers putsch (French: "Putsch d'Alger" or "Coup d'État d'Alger" ), also known as the Generals' putsch ("Putsch des généraux"), was a failed coup d'état to overthrow French President Charles de Gaulle and establish a military junta. Organised in French Algeria by retired French army generals Maurice Challe (former commander-in-chief in French Algeria), Edmond Jouhaud (former Inspector General of the French Air Force), André Zeller (former Chief of staff of the French Ground Army) and Raoul Salan (former commander-in-chief in French Algeria), it took place from the afternoon of 21 April to 26 April 1961 in the midst of the Algerian War (1954–62).
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Assassination of Anwar Sadat The assassination of Anwar Sadat occurred on 6 October 1981. Anwar Sadat, the President of Egypt, was assassinated during the annual victory parade held in Cairo to celebrate Operation Badr, during which the Egyptian Army had crossed the Suez Canal and taken back a small part of the Sinai Peninsula from Israel at the beginning of the Yom Kippur War. A fatwa approving the assassination had been obtained from Omar Abdel-Rahman, a cleric later convicted in the US for his role in the 1993 World Trade Center bombing. The assassination was undertaken by members of the Egyptian Islamic Jihad.
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Mahdist War The Mahdist War (Arabic: الثورة المهدية‎ ‎ "ath-Thawra al-Mahdī"; 1881–99) was a British colonial war of the late 19th century, which was fought between the Mahdist Sudanese of the religious leader Muhammad Ahmad bin Abd Allah, who had proclaimed himself the "Mahdi" of Islam (the "Guided One"), and the forces of the Khedivate of Egypt, initially, and later the forces of Britain. Eighteen years of war resulted in the joint-rule state of the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan (1899–1956), a condominium of the British Empire and the Kingdom of Egypt.
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Kamal el-Fayoumi Kamal el-Fayoumi (Arabic: كمال الفيومي‎ ‎ , ] ) is an Egyptian socialist and workers' rights activist. He is a member of the Workers Democratic Party. He is possibly best known for his role as one of the leaders of the Egyptian general strike in 2008, when three strike leaders were arrested following anti-Mubarak regime riots. The three were later released from detention and given back their jobs, which was seen as a key victory for the El-Mahalla El-Kubra textile workers. Socialist and blogger Hossam el-Hamalawy called el-Fayoumi a "working class hero". El-Fayoumi also participated in the Egyptian revolution in 2011 as one of the leaders of workers who went on strike. After Mubarak's departure as President, el-Fayoumi declared: "All of us, as workers, said that the revolution began on February 11 when Mubarak left. When the head of the old regime stepped down, it was just the start of the revolution."
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Subhi Saleh Subhi Saleh (born September 19, 1953) is an Egyptian lawyer and a prominent member of the Muslim Brotherhood. From 2005 to 2010, he represented the Alexandria district of Ramla in the Parliament of Egypt, belonging to the Muslim Brotherhood bloc. On April 2, 2003, he was arrested (along with other members of Alexandria's Muslim Brotherhood leadership). On February 15, 2011, he was appointed to the Egyptian constitutional review committee of 2011.
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Abdou Diouf Abdou Diouf ( ; Serer: "Abdu Juuf" ; born September 7, 1935) is a Senegalese politician who served as the second President of Senegal from 1981 to 2000. Diouf is notable both for coming to power by peaceful succession, and leaving willingly after losing the 2000 presidential election to Abdoulaye Wade. He served as the second Secretary-General of the Organisation internationale de la Francophonie from January 2003 to December 2014.
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Egyptian United Arab Republic referendum, 1958 A referendum on the United Arab Republic was held in Egypt on 21 February 1958, alongside a simultaneous referendum in Syria. The referendum consisted of two questions; one on the formation of the UAR, and the other on Gamal Abdel Nasser's candidacy for the post of President of the UAR. Both were approved, with fewer than 300 votes against and a 98.1% voter turnout.
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List of political parties in Egypt By its constitution, Egypt has a multi-party system. However, in practice the National Democratic Party was the long-time ruling party and dominated the Egyptian political arena up until the Egyptian Revolution of 2011, which ousted NDP president Hosni Mubarak. Under Mubarak, opposition parties were allowed, but were widely considered to have no real chance of gaining power. As of 8 June 2014, Abdel Fattah el-Sisi is the president.