What French poet, novelist, and dramatist of the Romantic movement lived in exile during Napoleon III's reign?
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Napoléon le Petit Napoléon le Petit (literally, "Napoleon the Small") was an influential 1852 political pamphlet by Victor Hugo that criticised the rule of Napoleon III in the Second French Empire. Hugo lived in exile in Guernsey for most of Napoleon III's reign, and his criticism of the monarch was significant as he was one of the most prominent Frenchmen of the time, and was widely respected.
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Victor Hugo Victor Marie Hugo (] ; 26 February 1802 – 22 May 1885) was a French poet, novelist, and dramatist of the Romantic movement. Hugo is considered to be one of the greatest and best-known French writers. Outside of France, his most famous works are the novels "Les Misérables ", 1862, and "The Hunchback of Notre-Dame" (French: "Notre-Dame de Paris" ), 1831. In France, Hugo is known primarily for his poetry collections, such as "Les Contemplations " ("The Contemplations") and "La Légende des siècles " ("The Legend of the Ages").
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Étienne Jodelle Étienne Jodelle, seigneur de Limodin (1532 – July 1573), French dramatist and poet, was born in Paris of a noble family.
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Jules Verne Jules Gabriel Verne ( ; ] ; 8 February 1828 – 24 March 1905) was a French novelist, poet, and playwright.
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Clovis Hugues Clovis Hugues (November 3, 1851 – June 11, 1907) was a French poet, journalist, dramatist, novelist, and socialist activist. He wrote some of his works in Provençal and was the "majoral" of "Félibrige".
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Émile Deschamps Émile de Saint-Amand Deschamps (] ; 20 February 179123 April 1871) was a French poet. He was born at Bourges. The son of a civil servant, he adopted his father’s career, but as early as 1812 he distinguished himself by an ode, "La Paix conquise", which won the praise of Napoleon. In 1818 he collaborated with Henri de Latouche in two verse comedies, "Selmours de Florian" and "Le Tour de faveur".
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Alfred Desroziers Alfred Desroziers, full name André Jules Alfred Desroziers, (26 January 1807 – 9 March 1870) was a French poet, playwright, and librettist
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Louis Bouilhet Louis Hyacinthe Bouilhet (27 May 1822 – 18 July 1869) was a French poet and dramatist.
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Les Chouans Les Chouans (] , "The Chouans") is an 1829 novel by French novelist and playwright Honoré de Balzac (1799–1850) and included in the "Scènes de la vie militaire" section of his novel sequence "La Comédie humaine". Set in the French region of Brittany, the novel combines military history with a love story between the aristocratic Marie de Verneuil and the Chouan royalist Alphonse de Montauran. It takes place during the 1799 post-war uprising in Fougères.
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Romain Bussine Romain Bussine (1830–1899) was a French poet, baritone, and voice teacher who lived during the 19th century.
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Edmund Chojecki Edmund Franciszek Maurycy Chojecki (] ; Wiski, Podlasie, 15 October 1822 – 1 December 1899, Paris) was a Polish journalist, playwright, novelist, poet and translator. Originally hailing from Warsaw, from 1844 he resided in France, where he wrote under the pen name Charles Edmond.
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Eulalie de Senancour Virginie Pivert de Senancour (Agathe-Eulalie-Ursule Pivert de) (1791–1876), the daughter of essayist Étienne Pivert de Senancour, was a French novelist and journalist. She served as her father's secretary and also wrote stories for children. Her work "La Conquêtomanie" is a satire against Napoleon. In "Réplique à un mal avisé" she responds to certain attacks levelled against her father by Eugène de Mirecourt. Nearly all the biographical information that exists about her father originates from her. One such biographical episode involves the novelist George Sand, who was influenced by Obermann. Eulalie writes that Sand, who tended to be tongue-tied with people she didn't know, sat facing the 63-year-old Senancour for 10 minutes without uttering a word before getting up and silently leaving the room.
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Timeline of Mary Wollstonecraft The lifetime of British writer, philosopher, and feminist Mary Wollstonecraft (1759–1797) encompassed most of the second half of the eighteenth century, a time of great political and social upheaval throughout Europe and America: political reform movements in Britain gained strength, the American colonists successfully rebelled, and the French revolution erupted. Wollstonecraft experienced only the headiest of these days, not living to see the end of the democratic revolution when Napoleon crowned himself emperor. Although Britain was still revelling in its mid-century imperial conquests and its triumph in the Seven Years' War, it was the French revolution that defined Wollstonecraft's generation. As poet Robert Southey later wrote: "few persons but those who have lived in it can conceive or comprehend what the memory of the French Revolution was, nor what a visionary world seemed to open upon those who were just entering it. Old things seemed passing away, and nothing was dreamt of but the regeneration of the human race."
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Almeida Garrett João Baptista da Silva Leitão de Almeida Garrett, Viscount of Almeida Garrett (4 February 1799 – 9 December 1854) was a Portuguese poet, playwright, novelist and politician. He is considered to be the introducer of the Romantic movement in Portugal. He is regarded as one of history's greatest Romanticists and a true revolutionary and humanist.
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Napoleonic studies Napoleonic studies (French: "Études Napoléoniennes" ; Russian: Наполеоновские исследования ) is a field of historical research devoted to Napoleon and the Napoleonic era (1799–1815), encompassing the time period from the French Revolution through the Napoleonic Wars.
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French Revolution The French Revolution (French: "Révolution française" ] ) was a period of far-reaching social and political upheaval in France that lasted from 1789 until 1799, and was partially carried forward by Napoleon during the later expansion of the French Empire. The Revolution overthrew the monarchy, established a republic, experienced violent periods of political turmoil, and finally culminated in a dictatorship under Napoleon that rapidly brought many of its principles to Western Europe and beyond. Inspired by liberal and radical ideas, the Revolution profoundly altered the course of modern history, triggering the global decline of absolute monarchies while replacing them with republics and liberal democracies. Through the Revolutionary Wars, it unleashed a wave of global conflicts that extended from the Caribbean to the Middle East. Historians widely regard the Revolution as one of the most important events in human history.
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François-René de Chateaubriand François-René, Viscount of Chateaubriand ( ; ] ; September 4, 1768 – July 4, 1848), was a French writer, politician, diplomat and historian who is considered the founder of Romanticism in French literature. Descended from an old aristocratic family from Brittany, Chateaubriand was a royalist by political disposition; in an age when a number of intellectuals turned against the Church, he authored the "Génie du christianisme" in defense of the Catholic faith. His works include the autobiography "Mémoires d'Outre-Tombe" (""Memoirs from Beyond the Grave"", published posthumously in 1849–1850).
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Félicien Marceau Félicien Marceau (16 September 1913 – 7 March 2012) was a French novelist, playwright and essayist originally from Belgium. His real name was Louis Carette. He was close to the Hussards right-wing literary movement, which in turn was close to the monarchist movement . He was born in Kortenberg, Flemish Brabant.
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The Memorial of Saint Helena The Memorial of Saint Helena (French: "Le Mémorial de Sainte-Hélène" ) is a collection of memories of Napoleon I of France written down and edited by Emmanuel, comte de Las Cases as a result of their almost daily conversations during the former's exile on Saint Helena. Contrary to a widely held opinion, the text was not dictated by Napoleon and Las Cases always ensured they were complete and original. It was one of the greatest French literary successes of its era, crystallising regrets about and nostalgia for the First French Empire and giving rise to the political current of Bonapartism. In the text, Napoleon is presented as continuing the French Revolution, wanting the people's goodwill and thus being hated by kings, and an account is given of his campaigns from his youth onwards. Many editions came out during the 19th century, including those in 1822–23 (original edition), 1824 (additions and corrections to the former edition), 1828 (new headings), 1830–31 (revised edition) and 1842 (revised and expanded edition).
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Félix Arvers Félix Arvers (July 23, 1806 – November 7, 1850) was a French poet and dramatist, most famous for his poem "Un secret".
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Alexander Bestuzhev Alexander Alexandrovich Bestuzhev (Russian: Алекса́ндр Алекса́ндрович Бесту́жев ; ] ; (3 November [O.S. 23 October] 1797 19 June [O.S. 7 June] 1837 ), was a Russian writer and Decembrist. After the Decembrist revolt he was sent into exile to Caucasus where Russian Empire was waging the war against the Circassians. There writing under the pseudonym Marlinsky (Russian: Марли́нский ; ] ) he became known as a romantic poet, short story writer and novelist. He was killed there in a skirmish.
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Ángel de Saavedra, 3rd Duke of Rivas Don Ángel de Saavedra y Ramírez de Baquedano, 3rd Duke of Rivas (Spanish: "Ángel de Saavedra y Ramírez de Baquedano, Duque de Rivas" ) (10 March 179122 June 1865), was a Spanish poet, dramatist and politician born in Córdoba. He is best known for his play "Don Álvaro; o, La fuerza del sino" (1835), the first romantic success in the Spanish theater.