What military officer and later de facto ruler of Panama was pen pal of Sarah York?
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Sarah York Sarah York is an American who became the pen pal of Manuel Noriega, then the de facto ruler of Panama, at age 10. York began correspondence with Noriega after her father suggested on a whim that she should write to him because she liked the general's hat. This correspondence developed to the point where Noriega invited her family to visit him in Panama. Her family agreed to the visit, seeing it as a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity.
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Manuel Noriega Manuel Antonio Noriega Moreno (] ; February 11, 1934 – May 29, 2017) was a Panamanian politician and military officer, with longstanding ties to United States intelligence agencies. He was military dictator of Panama from 1983 to 1989, when he was removed from power by the United States invasion of Panama.
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Alexander S. Webb Alexander Stewart Webb (February 15, 1835 – February 12, 1911) was a career United States Army officer and a Union general in the American Civil War who received the Medal of Honor for gallantry at the Battle of Gettysburg. After the war, he was president of the City College of New York for thirty-three years.
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Jorge Ubico Jorge Ubico Castañeda (10 November 1878 – 14 June 1946), nicknamed Number Five (based on the letters of the name Jorge) or also Central America's Napoleon, was the authoritarian ruler of Guatemala from 14 February 1931 to 4 July 1944. A general in the Guatemalan army, he was elected to the presidency in 1931, in an election where he was the only candidate. He continued his predecessors' policies of giving massive concessions to the United Fruit Company and wealthy landowners, as well as supporting their harsh labor practices. He was removed by a pro-democracy uprising in 1944, which led to the ten-year Guatemalan Revolution.
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William Jorden William John Jorden (May 3, 1923 – February 20, 2009) was a diplomatic correspondent for "The New York Times", United States Ambassador to Panama, and author.
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Mateo González Manrique Mateo González Manrique was a soldier who served as governor of West Florida between 1813 and 1815. During his administration he helped the British in their fight against the Americans in the War of 1812, providing them with troops and slaves, besides allowing them to garrison British troops in the fortifications of Pensacola, capital of West Florida, thereby earning the enmity of Andrew Jackson, who invaded the city in 1814, although he returned it to Manrique after the British fled.
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Operation Bushmaster Operation Bushmaster was the use of infantry units to supplement Military Police patrols of areas surrounding the Panama Canal and other American installations in Panama during the period of tension that culminated in the US Invasion of Panama. These patrols began in December 1987 as a response to increased criminal activity during the period before the American invasion.
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Colón, Panama Colón (] ) is a Panamanian city and sea port beside the Caribbean Sea, lying near the Atlantic entrance to the Panama Canal. It is the capital of Panama's Colón Province and has traditionally been known as Panama's second city. Originally, it was located entirely on Manzanillo Island, surrounded by Limon Bay, Manzanillo Bay and the Folks River, but, since the disestablishment of the Panama Canal Zone, the city's limits have been redefined to include Fort Gulick, a former U.S. Army base, as well the former Canal Zone towns of Cristobal, Margarita and Coco Solo.
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Tampico Affair The Tampico Affair began as a minor incident involving U.S. sailors and Mexican land forces loyal to Mexican dictator General Victoriano Huerta during the "guerra de las facciones" (faction wars) phase of the Mexican Revolution. A misunderstanding occurred on April 9, 1914, but developed into a breakdown of diplomatic relations between the two countries. As a result, the United States invaded the port city of Veracruz, occupying it for more than six months. This contributed to the fall of President Victoriano Huerta, who resigned in July 1914.
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Abraham Jacob Hollandersky Abe "The Newsboy" Hollandersky (December 3, 1887 – November 1, 1966) became one of the first American boxers to win the Panamanian Heavyweight Title when he defeated Jack Ortega in nine rounds in Panama City on May 30, 1913. American congressmen, Naval personnel, and canal workers were among the crowd of nearly two thousand who watched Hollandersky gain victory over an opponent who outweighed him by over thirty pounds. The "New York Times" announced Hollandersky's best known win the following morning.
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Henry Howard Whitney Henry Howard Whitney (December 25, 1866 – April 2, 1949) was a United States military officer who attained the rank of brigadier general. He was known primarily for the spy missions he carried out in Puerto Rico and Cuba prior to the start of the Spanish–American War.
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Carlos Antonio Mendoza Carlos Antonio Mendoza Soto (31 October 1856, in Panama City – 13 February 1916) was Panamanian politician who served as Second Vice President in the government of José Domingo de Obaldía and since death of First Vice President José Agustín Arango in 1909 he was first in line to the presidency. In this capacity Mendoza was acting President of Panama from March 1, 1910 to October 1, 1910. He belonged to the Liberal Party.
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Edwin &quot;Pa&quot; Watson Edwin Martin "Pa" Watson (10 December 1883 – 20 February 1945) was a United States Army Major General, friend and a senior aide to President Franklin D. Roosevelt, serving both as a military advisor and Appointments secretary (a role that is now encompassed under the duties of the modern-day White House Chief of Staff).
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Charles Cornwallis, 1st Marquess Cornwallis Charles Cornwallis, 1st Marquess Cornwallis KG, PC (31 December 1738 – 5 October 1805), styled Viscount Brome between 1753 and 1762 and known as The Earl Cornwallis between 1762 and 1792, was a British Army officer and colonial administrator. In the United States and the United Kingdom he is best remembered as one of the leading British generals in the American War of Independence. His surrender in 1781 to a combined American and French force at the Siege of Yorktown ended significant hostilities in North America. He also served as a civil and military governor in Ireland and India; in both places he brought about significant changes, including the Act of Union in Ireland, and the Cornwallis Code and the Permanent Settlement in India.
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John Jacob Astor III John Jacob Astor III (June 10, 1822 – February 22, 1890) was an American financier, philanthropist and a soldier during the American Civil War. He was a prominent member of the Astor family, becoming the wealthiest family member in his generation and the founder of their English branch.
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Christopher Columbus Andrews Christopher Columbus Andrews (October 27, 1829 – September 21, 1922) was an American soldier, diplomat, newspaperman, author, and forester.
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Col. Charles S. Hamilton Col. Charles S. Hamilton (May 27, 1882 – June 27, 1968), of Washington, D.C., was noted philatelist who served in the United States Army during the Mexican Revolution.
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William C. Somerville William Clarke Somerville (March 25, 1790 – January 5, 1826) was an author, historian, diplomat, American plantation owner and militia officer in the War of 1812.
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Gabriel J. de Yermo Gabriel J. de Yermo (1757 Sodupe, near Bilbao, Spain – 1813, Mexico City) was a wealthy landowner in New Spain, leader of the anti-independence party, and leader of the coup that overthrew Viceroy José de Iturrigaray in 1808.
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Bayano Wars The Bayano Wars were armed conflicts in the Isthmus of Panama that occurred between the Bayano of Panama and the Spanish crown. The First War of the Bayano took place from 1548 to 1558, while the Second War took place from 1579 and 1582. Slavery, practiced since the early sixteenth century in Panama, brought many enslaved people from Africa to Spanish America. This brought successive uprisings of slaves against the rulers of the time, which was the origin for the Bayano Wars.
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Harry H. Vaughan Harry Hawkins Vaughan (November 26, 1893May 20, 1981) was a Military Aide to the President (1945–1953) during the presidency of Harry S. Truman. In the White House, he was Truman's closest friend and poker partner. He appeared to many observers at the time, and historians since, as merely a court jester and gift taker.
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Andrew Talcott Andrew Talcott (1797–1883) was an American civil engineer and close friend of Civil War General Robert E. Lee. He did not serve during the Civil War, as he could not fight against the Union, nor fight against his brothers in the South. He traveled to Veracruz to work on the Railroad. Coming back with the President to New York for supplies he was arrested and placed at Fort Layfayette accused of being a spy for the Confederate States of America. He was moved to Fort Adams in Boston under orders of General John E Wool. General John A Dix was placed in the command of the Eastern Military Department. Knowing Captain Andrew well and believing his loyalty to the Union he was released.