Michael Faraday was an early 19th-century British scientist, he contributed to the study of electromagnetism and electrochemistry, and died on which date?
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Faraday (disambiguation) Michael Faraday was an early 19th-century British scientist (physicist and chemist).
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Michael Faraday Michael Faraday FRS ( ; 22 September 1791 – 25 August 1867) was an English scientist who contributed to the study of electromagnetism and electrochemistry. His main discoveries include the principles underlying electromagnetic induction, diamagnetism and electrolysis.
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George Field (chemist) George Field (1777?–1854), was an English chemist. He was born in or about 1777 at Berkhampstead, Hertfordshire, of a family long settled in that town, and was educated at St. Peter's school there. When about eighteen years of age he came to London to seek a profession. He thought he saw an opening in the careful application of chemistry to pigments and dyes. War on the continent, by stopping the supply of madder from Holland, threatened to impede his progress. This obstacle, however, led him to consider the nature of its cultivation, and with a well-devised project he waited on Sir Joseph Banks for his advice, and, as he hoped, his co-operation. Sir Joseph, after unsuccessfully attempting to cultivate madder in Essex, had made up his mind that it could not be done in England.
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Samuel Morse Samuel Finley Breese Morse (April 27, 1791 – April 2, 1872) was an American painter and inventor. After having established his reputation as a portrait painter, in his middle age Morse contributed to the invention of a single-wire telegraph system based on European telegraphs. He was a co-developer of the Morse code and helped to develop the commercial use of telegraphy.
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William Butler (alchemist) William Butler, Irish alchemist (c. 1534 – 29 January 1617), was, according to the "Compendium of Irish Biography", "a well-known alchemist, the pretended discoverer of the philosopher's stone, and of a powder for bringing the dead to life, was born in Clare about 1534. He died at sea, on his passage to Spain, 29th January 1617."
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Henry (unit) The henry (symbol: H) is the SI derived unit of electrical inductance. The unit is named after Joseph Henry (1797–1878), the American scientist who discovered electromagnetic induction independently of and at about the same time as Michael Faraday (1791–1867) in England. The magnetic permeability of vacuum is 4π × 10 H⋅m (henry per metre).
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1852–60 cholera pandemic The third cholera pandemic (1852–60) was the third major outbreak of cholera originating in India in the nineteenth century that reached far beyond its borders. In Russia, more than one million people died of cholera. In 1853–54, the epidemic in London claimed over 10,000 lives, and there were 23,000 deaths for all of Great Britain. This pandemic was considered to have the highest fatalities of the 19th-century epidemics.
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Science in the Age of Enlightenment The history of science during the Age of Enlightenment traces developments in science and technology during the Age of Reason, when Enlightenment ideas and ideals were being disseminated across Europe and North America. Generally, the period spans from the final days of the 16th and 17th-century Scientific revolution until roughly the 19th century, after the French Revolution (1789) and the Napoleonic era (1799–1815). The scientific revolution saw the creation of the first scientific societies, the rise of Copernicanism, and the displacement of Aristotelian natural philosophy and Galen’s ancient medical doctrine. By the 18th century, scientific authority began to displace religious authority, and the disciplines of alchemy and astrology lost scientific credibility.
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Cavendish Professor of Physics The Cavendish Professorship is one of the senior faculty positions in physics at the University of Cambridge. It was founded on 9 February 1871 alongside the famous Cavendish Laboratory, which was completed three years later. William Cavendish, 7th Duke of Devonshire endowed both the professorship and laboratory in honor of his relative, chemist and physicist Henry Cavendish.
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Faraday Institute for Science and Religion The Faraday Institute for Science and Religion is an interdisciplinary academic research institute based at St Edmund's College, Cambridge, England.
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John Day (carpenter) John Day (date of birth unknown; died June 22, 1774) is the first recorded death in an accident with a submarine. Day was an English carpenter and wheelwright. With the financial support of Christopher Blake, an English gambler, Day built a wooden "diving chamber" without an engine. He attached his invention to the deck of a 50-ton sloop named the "Maria", which Blake had purchased for £340. The sloop's hold contained 10 tons of ballast, and two 10-ton weights were attached beneath the keel which could be released from inside the diving chamber. An additional 20 tons of ballast would be loaded on the "Maria" after Day had been locked inside the diving chamber.
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Faraday wave Faraday waves, also known as Faraday ripples, named after Michael Faraday, are nonlinear standing waves that appear on liquids enclosed by a vibrating receptacle. When the vibration frequency exceeds a critical value, the flat hydrostatic surface becomes unstable. This is known as the Faraday instability. Faraday first described them in an appendix to an article in the Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London in 1831.
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Elizabeth Hanbury Elizabeth Hanbury (9 June 1793 – 31 October 1901) was a British philanthropist who worked with Elizabeth Fry. She is thought to have been Queen Victoria's "oldest subject"; she died in 1901, aged 108 years and 144 days.
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Oliver Lodge Sir Oliver Joseph Lodge, {'1': ", '2': ", '3': ", '4': "} (12 June 1851 – 22 August 1940) was a British physicist and writer involved in the development of, and holder of key patents for, radio. He identified electromagnetic radiation independent of Hertz' proof and at his 1894 Royal Institution lectures (""The Work of Hertz and Some of His Successors""), Lodge demonstrated an early radio wave detector he named the "coherer". In 1898 he was awarded the "syntonic" (or tuning) patent by the United States Patent Office. Lodge was Principal of the University of Birmingham from 1900 to 1920.
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Robert Hunt (scientist) Robert Hunt (6 September 1807 – 17 October 1887) was a British scientist and antiquarian, born at Devonport, Plymouth. He was involved in statistical, mineralogical and other studies. He died in London on 17 October 1887.
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Hippolyte Marié-Davy Edme Hippolyte Marié-Davy (28 April 1820 – 26 July 1893) was a French chemist and inventor of the 19th century. He was born in Clamecy, Nièvre.
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Pliny Chase Pliny Earle Chase (18 August 1820 in Worcester, Massachusetts – 17 December 1886 in Haverford, Pennsylvania) was an American scientist, mathematician, and educator who contributed to the fields of astronomy, electromagnetism, and cryptography, among others.
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Louis Melsens Louis-Henri-Frédéric Melsens (1814 in Leuven – 1886 in Brussels) was a Belgian physicist and chemist. In 1846, he became professor of chemistry in the Veterinary School in Kureghem. Melsens applied the principle of the Faraday cage to lightning conductors and invented iodine tincture for disinfection. The "Louis Melsens Prize" is awarded to a Belgian or naturalised Belgian author of the most remarkable work on applied chemistry or physics. The Melsensstraat or Rue Melsens in Brussels is named after him.
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Faraday efficiency Faraday efficiency (also called faradaic efficiency, faradaic yield, "coulombic efficiency or current efficiency") describes the efficiency with which charge (electrons) is transferred in a system facilitating an electrochemical reaction. The word "faraday" in this term has two interrelated aspects. First, the historic unit for charge is the faraday, but has since been replaced by the coulomb. Secondly, the related Faraday's constant correlates charge with moles of matter and electrons (amount of substance). This phenomenon was originally understood through Michael Faraday's work and expressed in his laws of electrolysis.
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Volta Prize The Volta Prize (French: le Prix Volta) was originally established by Napoleon Bonaparte in 1801 to honor Alessandro Volta, an Italian physicist noted for developing the battery. At that time Alessandro Volta was summoned to Paris to demonstrate his great discovery before the French Academy of Sciences. Bonaparte declared his presentation a triumph, presented him with a gold medal and conceived of the Volta Prize named in his honor, which the French government awarded for scientific achievement in electricity. An early recipient was Sir Humphry Davy for his work on electrolysis.
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James Wimshurst James Wimshurst (13 April 1832 – 3 January 1903) was an English inventor, engineer and shipwright. Though Wimshurst did not patent his machines and the various improvements that he made to them, his refinements to the electrostatic generator led to its becoming widely known as the Wimshurst machine.
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Charles Sylvester Charles Sylvester (1774–1828) was a chemist and inventor born in Sheffield, in the Kingdom of Great Britain. He worked on galvanization, public building heating and sanitation, and railroad friction amongst other things. A book, "Industrial Man: The Life and Works of Charles Sylvester" by Ian Inkster, Ph.D., of Nottingham University, and Maureen S. Bryson, B.S., published in 1999 is a comprehensive work covering his life, his extended family and pedigree, and his published works; including "Poems on Various Subjects", 1797; "The Epitome of Galvanism", 1804; "Appendix of the Elementary Treatise on Chemistry", 1809; "Philosophy of Domestic Economy", 1819; "On a Method of expressing Chemical Compounds by Algebraic Characters", 1821; "On the Motions produced by the Difference in the Specific Gravity of Bodies", 1822; "Report on Rail-roads and Locomotive Engines", 1825; and "On the best method of Warming and Ventilating Houses and other Buildings", 1829.