Bit Bahiani was a city-state kingdom with a capital at the archaeological site in what modern-day Syrian governorate?
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Bit Bahiani Bit Bahiani was an independent Aramaean city-state kingdom (c. 1200 - 808 BC) and an Assyrian province (c. 810 - 706 BC) with its capital at "Guzana" (modern day Tell Halaf). Bit Bahiani was ruled by King Kapara. After becoming a tributary to Assyria an alliance with Izalla to revolt was formed. There were at least five kings and four governors of Bit Bahiani before losing its name in usage.
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Tell Halaf Tell Halaf (Arabic: تل حلف‎ ‎ ) is an archaeological site in the Al Hasakah governorate of northeastern Syria, near the Turkish border, just opposite Ceylanpınar. It was the first find of a Neolithic culture, subsequently dubbed the Halaf culture, characterized by glazed pottery painted with geometric and animal designs. The site, which dates to the 6th millennium BCE, was a Hittite ruling city at first and was later the location of the Aramaean city-state of Guzana or Gozan in the 10th century BCE. By the end of 9th century BCE the city and its surrounding area was incorporated into the Assyrian Empire. During the Syrian Civil War, People's Protection Units took control of the area.
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Antioch Antioch on the Orontes ( ; Greek: Ἀντιόχεια ἡ ἐπὶ Ὀρόντου , also Syrian Antioch) was an ancient Greco-Roman city on the eastern side of the Orontes River. Its ruins lie near the modern city of Antakya, Turkey, and lends the modern city its name.
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Alexandria Troas Alexandria Troas ("Alexandria of the Troad"; Greek: Αλεξάνδρεια Τρωάς ; Turkish: "Eski Stambul" ) is the site of an ancient Greek city situated on the Aegean Sea near the northern tip of Turkey's western coast, a little south of Tenedos (modern Bozcaada). It is located southeast of modern Dalyan, a village in the Ezine district of Çanakkale Province. The site sprawls over an estimated 400 ha ; among the few structures remaining today are a ruined bath, an odeon, a theatre, gymnasium complex and a recently uncovered stadion. The circuit of the old walls can still be traced.
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Alawite State The Alawite State (Arabic: دولة جبل العلويين‎ ‎ , "Dawlat Jabal al-‘Alawiyyīn ", French: "Alaouites" , informally as "État des Alaouites " or "Le territoire des Alaouites ") and named after the locally-dominant Alawites, was a French mandate territory on the coast of present-day Syria after World War I. The French Mandate from the League of Nations lasted from 1920 to 1946.
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Tell Shemshara Tell Shemshara is an Assyrian archaeological site located along the Little Zab in Sulaymaniyah Governorate, northeastern Iraq. The site was excavated between 1957 and 1959 by Danish and Iraqi archaeologists and was inundated by Lake Dukan until recently. The excavations showed that the site was occupied, although not continuously, from the Hassuna period (early sixth millennium BCE) until the 14th century CE. A small archive recovered from the Middle Bronze Age layers (early second millennium BCE) revealed that, at least in that period, the site was called Shusharra and was the capital of a small, semi-independent polity called "māt Utêm" or "land of the gatekeeper" ruled by a man called Kuwari.
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Damascus Damascus (Arabic: دمشق‎ ‎ "Dimashq " ] , ] ) is the capital and likely the largest city of Syria, following the decline in population of Aleppo due to the battle for the city. It is commonly known in Syria as "ash-Sham" (Arabic: الشام‎ ‎ "ash-Shām ") and nicknamed as the "City of Jasmine" (Arabic: مدينة الياسمين‎ ‎ "Madīnat al-Yāsmīn "). In addition to being one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world, Damascus is a major cultural centre of the Levant and the Arab world. The city has an estimated population of 1,711,000 as of 2009 .
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El-Hobagi El-Hobagi is an archaeological site in Sudan. It lies approximately 65 km southwest of Meroe on the western side of the Nile, near the sixth cataract. A number of large tumuli were found at el-Hobagi from the period after the fall of the Meroitic kingdom, but before the Christianization of Nubia. The site, which is dated to the 4th century, is situated near a post-Meroitic cemetery. Grave mounds excavated by a French team revealed an absence of rich gifts, instead containing weapons such as swords, spears, axes, arrows and bows. The dead lay on a bed and were surrounded by numerous vessels. There was also a bronze bowl, which contains one of the last known Meroitic inscriptions; it is decorated with agricultural scenes and the word "Qore" ("King"). This suggests that local kings were buried here in the wake of the Meroitic kingdom. Some findings suggest that the King's court was moved to the area of el-Hobagi in the 4th century AD, though no village of that era has been found here. Tumulus III at El Hobagi is believed to date to the early Postmeroitic period of the late 4th century.
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Tell Nebesha Tell Nebesha or Nebesheh (also known as 'Faraon' or 'Farun') is an archaeological site in Egypt, and the location of the ancient city of Imet. It is found around 10km south of Tanis in the Eastern Nile Delta. This was the ancient capital of the 19th Nome of Lower Egypt. By the Assyrian period, it was succeeded by Tanis.
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Shivta Shivta (Hebrew: שבטה‎ ‎ , Arabic: شبطا‎ ‎ ), is an ancient city in the Negev Desert of Israel located 43 kilometers southwest of Beersheba. Shivta was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in June 2005.
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Debeira Debeira is an archaeological site in Sudan situated on the eastern bank of the Nile some 20 kilometres north of Wadi Halfa.
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Athribis (Upper Egypt) Athribis (Greek: Ἄθλιβις ), also known to the ancient Greeks as Triphieion or Tripheion, and to the ancient Egyptians as Hut-Repyt, was an ancient city of Egypt, in the Panopolite nome. The modern village of Wannina in the Sohag Governorate is situated here. It is located some 10 km southwest of the city of Akhmim, on the west bank of the Nile.
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Kapara King Kapara (also Gabara) of Guzana (Tell Halaf) was the ruler of a small Aramaean kingdom of Bit Bahiani in the 10th or 9th century BC (Albright 1956 estimates ca. 950-875 BC). He built a Bit-hilani, a monumental palace in Neo-Hittite style discovered by Max von Oppenheim in 1911, with a rich decoration of statues and relief orthostats.
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Sheikh Abd el-Qurna The necropolis of Sheikh Abd el-Qurna (Arabic: شيخ عبدالقرنة‎ ‎ ) is located on the West Bank at Thebes in Upper Egypt. It is part of the archaeological area of Deir el-Bahari.
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Babylonia Babylonia was an ancient Akkadian-speaking state and cultural area based in central-southern Mesopotamia (present-day Iraq). A small Amorite-ruled state emerged in 1894 BC, which contained at this time the minor administrative town of Babylon. Babylon greatly expanded from the small provincial town that it had originally been during the Akkadian Empire (2335-2154 BC) during the reign of Hammurabi in the first half of the 18th century BC, becoming a major capital city. During the reign of Hammurabi and afterwards, Babylonia was called "Māt Akkadī" "the country of Akkad" in the Akkadian language.
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Tell Bar Elias Tell Bar Elias is an archaeological site 2 km north of the Chtaura to Damascus road in the centre of the village of Bar Elias in the Beqaa Mohafazat (Governorate). It dates at least to the Early Bronze Age.
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Malkata Malkata (or Malqata), meaning "the place where things are picked up" in Arabic, is the site of an Ancient Egyptian palace complex built during the New Kingdom, by the 18th Dynasty Pharaoh Amenhotep III. It is located on the West Bank of the Nile at Thebes, Upper Egypt, in the desert to the south of Medinet Habu. The site also included a temple dedicated to Amenhotep III's Great Royal Wife, Tiy, and honors Sobek, the crocodile deity.
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Tell Ed Deir Tell Ed Deir is an archaeological site 7km north of Joub Jannine and a large landmark in the Beqaa Mohafazat (Governorate). It dates at least to the Neolithic.
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Dayr Hafir Dayr Hafir (Arabic: دير حافر‎ ‎ / ALA-LC: "Dayr Ḥāfir") is a Syrian city in the Aleppo Governorate, 50 km east of Aleppo on the Aleppo-Raqqa highway, 15 km to the north of Sabkhat al-Jabbul. It is the regional centre of Dayr Hafir District. In the 2004 official census, the town of Dayr Hafir had a population of 18,948. The town is home to an archeological site dating back to the 9th millennium BC.
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El Kowm (archaeological site) El Kowm or Al Kawm is a circular, 20 km gap in the Syrian mountains that houses a series of archaeological sites. The El Kowm oasis is located northeast of Palmyra in Syria, near Al-Sukhnah. It shows some of the longest and most important cultural sequences in the Middle East, with periods of occupation by humans for over 1 million years.
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Jableh Jableh (Arabic: جبلة‎ ‎ ; "Ǧabla ", also spelt "Jebleh", "Jabala", "Jablah" or "Gabala") is a coastal city on the Mediterranean in Syria, 25 km north of Baniyas and 25 km south of Latakia, with c. 80,000 inhabitants (2008). As Ancient Gabala it was a Byzantine (arch)bishopric and remains a Latin Catholic titular see. It contains the tomb and mosque of Ibrahim Bin Adham, a legendary Sufi mystic who renounced his throne of Balkh and devoted himself to prayers for the rest of his life.
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El Hiba El Hiba (alt. el-Hibeh; Arabic الحيبة) is the modern name of the ancient Egyptian city of Tayu-djayet ("t3yw-ḏ3yt"), an ancient nickname meaning "their walls" in reference to the massive enclosure walls built on the site. In Coptic, it was known as "Teudjo", and during the Graeco-Roman Period, it was called Ankyronpolis. In antiquity, the city was located in the 18th Upper Egyptian nome, and today it is found in the Bani Suwayf governorate.