Which Swiss chocolate bar brand was the basis for a lawsuit resulting in a Supreme Court of Canada judgement on Canadian copyright law?
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Euro-Excellence Inc v Kraft Canada Inc Euro-Excellence Inc v Kraft Canada Inc, 2007 37, [2007] 3 S.C.R. 20 , is a Supreme Court of Canada judgment on Canadian copyright law, specifically on the issue of indirect infringement and its application to parallel importation. Kraft Canada sued Euro-Excellence Inc. for copyright infringement due to their importation of Côte d’Or and Toblerone chocolate bars from Europe into Canada. A majority of the court found that the copyright claim could not succeed, although they split on whether the claim failed due to the rights of an exclusive licensee or due to the scope of copyright law.
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Toblerone Toblerone ( ; German: ] ) is a Swiss chocolate bar brand owned by US confectionery company Mondelēz International, Inc., formerly Kraft Foods, which acquired the product from former owner Jacobs Suchard in 1990. It is produced in Bern (the bear symbol of the city is still visible in the logo) and in early 2000 was being produced in the United States by Ferrara Pan candy company in Bellwood, Illinois. Toblerone is well known for its distinctive triangular prism shape.
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Cadbury Schweppes Inc v FBI Foods Ltd Cadbury Schweppes Inc v FBI Foods Ltd is a Supreme Court of Canada decision on the protection of trade secrets in Canada. It also describes the difference between trade secrets and patents under Canadian law.
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Peppermint Crisp Peppermint Crisp is a milk chocolate bar filled with a multitude of thin cylinders of mint-flavoured toffee. Invented in South Africa by Wilson-Rowntree, it is now produced by Nestlé. The Peppermint Crisp is sold in Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa as a 35 gram bar.
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Canadian National Railway Co v McKercher LLP Canadian National Railway Co v McKercher LLP is a significant case of the Supreme Court of Canada that consolidated Canadian jurisprudence on conflicts of interest in the legal profession.
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Aero (chocolate) Aero is a chocolate product manufactured by Nestlé. It was originally introduced to the North of England as the "new chocolate" by Rowntree's in 1935. By the end of the year, it had proved so popular with consumers that sales were extended throughout the UK. By 1936, sales of the chocolate had spread to New York City, and has since spread to many other countries including Canada, Mexico, Australia, South Africa and Japan. Aero has been manufactured by Nestlé since 1988 after they absorbed Rowntrees.
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R v Hape R v Hape (2007) is a case on appeal to the Supreme Court of Canada on cross-border crime. An investment banker was convicted on money laundering. The investigation involved the search of his property in Turks and Caicos by the local police. He claimed his rights under section 8 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms were violated by the search.
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Lick's Homeburgers Lick's Homeburgers & Ice Cream (corporate name: Lick's Concepts, Inc.) is a privately owned Canadian restaurant chain. It is known for its meatloaf-style hamburgers nicknamed "homeburgers", which were higher quality than contemporary fast food chains. Lick's restaurant employees were also known for singing ’50s pop songs while they cooked burgers and fries.
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Military chocolate (Switzerland) The Military chocolate (German: "Militärschokolade" ; French: "chocolat militaire" ; Italian: "cioccolato militare" ); (Romansh tschigulatta da militar ) is a food component of the Swiss Armed Forces.
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R v Cook R v Cook, [1998] 2 SCR 597, is a leading "Charter" decision of the Supreme Court of Canada. The Court held that Canadian police located in the United States were still subject to the "Charter" when interrogating a suspect for a murder in Canada.
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Irwin Toy Ltd v Quebec (AG) Irwin Toy Ltd v Quebec (AG), [1989] 1 S.C.R. 927 is a landmark Supreme Court of Canada decision on freedom of expression in section 2(b) of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms. The court held that in order to determine if a breach of section 2(b) had occurred one first had to determine whether the conduct constituted non violent activity which attempted to convey meaning. This changed the law of the constitution of Quebec. The next step was to consider whether the effect or purpose of the legislation was to restrict freedom of expression. Applying the analysis, the Court held that a Quebec law that restricted advertising directed to children was valid law which violated section 2(b) but could be justified under section 1.
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Hall v Hebert Hall v Hebert is a leading tort law case decided by the Supreme Court of Canada on the defences of contributory negligence and "ex turpi causa non oritur actio" (that a plaintiff cannot recover for illegal actions).
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R v Dyment R v Dyment, [1988] 2 S.C.R. 417 is a leading Supreme Court of Canada decision on the constitutional right to privacy under section 8 of the "Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms".
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Chocolaterie Stam Chocolaterie Stam is a trademark and name of three or four Dutch chocolate companies in the Netherlands and the Midwestern United States.
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Cow Chocolate Cow Chocolate (Hebrew: שוקולד פרה‎ ‎ , "Shokolad Para") is a brand of Israeli chocolate products produced by the candy and coffee products manufacturer Strauss-Elite.
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R v Lucas R v Lucas is the leading Supreme Court of Canada decision on the criminal offence of defamatory libel. The Court held that the "Criminal Code" offence of defamatory libel infringed the constitutional protection of freedom of expression under Section 2(b) of the "Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms", but the offence was a reasonable limit prescribed by law under Section 1 of the "Charter".
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Shell Canada lawsuit The Shell Canada Lawsuit was a class action suit filed against Shell Canada Limited on July 18, 2003, on behalf of customers who purchased "Bronze" (regular-grade) gasoline products, to which Shell Canada added an "additive", between March 1, 2001 and April 15, 2002. This additive allegedly caused damage to the fuel supply system of many cars, most commonly of Acura, Chrysler, Dodge, Ford, General Motors, Hyundai and Volvo brands. While Shell Canada estimated that between 100,000 and 200,000 customers bought "Bronze" products during that period, it is unknown how many total vehicles were affected.
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Re Rizzo &amp; Rizzo Shoes Ltd Re Rizzo & Rizzo Shoes Ltd is a 1998 judgment from the Supreme Court of Canada regarding the priority of employees interests when a company declares bankruptcy. The judgment hinged on the interpretation of the Employment Standards Act and has been taken to mark the Supreme Court of Canada's adoption of the purposive approach to legislative interpretation. It has since been frequently cited in subsequent decisions of Canadian courts, nearly every time legislation is interpreted.
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Siemens v Manitoba (AG) Siemens v Manitoba (AG), [2003] 1 S.C.R. 6, 2003 SCC 3 is a leading Supreme Court of Canada decision on whether provincial plebiscite, used to determine if video lottery terminals (VLTs) should be banned from individual communities, are constitutional. The Court held that the plebiscites were a valid exercises of the province's power to legislate on matters "of a local nature" under section 92(16) of the Constitution Act, 1867, and that the plebiscite did not violate the rights of the VLT owners under sections 2(b), 7 and 15(1) of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms.
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Daishowa-Marubeni International Ltd v Canada Daishowa-Marubeni International Ltd v Canada is a significant case of the Supreme Court of Canada concerning the application of Canadian income tax law, as well as the purposive interpretation of statutes.
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Milka Milka is a brand of chocolate confection which originated in Switzerland in 1901 and has been manufactured internationally by the US confectionery company Mondelēz International (formerly known as Kraft Foods) since 1990. For more than 100 years Milka has been primarily produced in Lörrach, Germany, producing about 140,000 tonnes of chocolate in 2012. It is sold in bars and a number of novelty shapes for Easter and Christmas. Milka also produces chocolate-covered cookies and biscuits.
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Troika (chocolate) Troika is a chocolate-based confection made by Nidar AS of Trondheim, Norway. It consists of three distinct layers, prompting its name "Troika". The top layer is soft raspberry jelly, the middle layer is truffle, and the bottom one is marzipan. It is also covered with dark chocolate. Troika was launched in 1939 with the name "Geletrøffel". The name of the chocolate is inspired by the Russian word "Troika", which means a group of three.