During the Harlan County War, a series of coal mining-related skirmishes, Florence Reece wrote what acclaimed folksong?
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Florence Reece Florence Reece (1900–1986) was an American social activist, poet, and folksong writer. She is best known for the song ""Which Side Are You On?"" which she wrote in 1931 during the Harlan County strike.
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Harlan County War The Harlan County War, or Bloody Harlan, was a series of coal mining-related skirmishes, executions, bombings, and strikes (both attempted and realized) that took place in Harlan County, Kentucky, during the 1930s. The incidents involved coal miners and union organizers on one side and coal firms and law enforcement officials on the other. The question at hand: the rights of Harlan County coal miners to organize their workplaces and better their wages and working conditions. It was a nearly decade-long conflict, lasting from 1931 to 1939. Before its conclusion, two acclaimed folk singers would emerge, state and federal troops would occupy the county more than half a dozen times, an indeterminate number of miners, deputies, and bosses would be killed, union membership would oscillate wildly, and workers in the nation's most anti-labor coal county would ultimately be represented by a union.
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Banner Fork Coal Company, Kentucky Banner Fork Coal Company was an unincorporated community and coal town in Harlan County, Kentucky, United States.
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Cumberland Gap (folk song) "Cumberland Gap" is an Appalachian folk song that likely dates to the latter half of the 19th century and was first recorded in 1924. The song is typically played on banjo or fiddle, and well-known versions of the song include instrumental versions as well as versions with lyrics. A version of the song appeared in the 1934 book, "American Ballads and Folk Songs", by folk song collector John Lomax. Woody Guthrie recorded a version of the song at his Folkways sessions in the mid-1940s, and the song saw a resurgence in popularity with the rise of bluegrass and the American folk music revival in the 1950s. In 1957, the British musician Lonnie Donegan had a No. 1 UK hit with a skiffle version of "Cumberland Gap".
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Glo, Kentucky Glo is an unincorporated community and coal town located in Floyd County, Kentucky, United States.
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Battle of Cynthiana The Second Battle of Cynthiana included three separate engagements during the American Civil War that were fought on June 11 and 12, 1864, in Harrison County, Kentucky, in and near the town of Cynthiana. This was part of Confederate Brigadier General John H. Morgan's 1864 Raid into Kentucky. The battle ultimately resulted in a victory by Union forces over the raiders and ended Morgan's Last Kentucky Raid in defeat. Morgan's Raiders had previously captured the town in the First Battle of Cynthiana, July 17, 1862.
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Lerose, Kentucky Lerose is a small settlement in Owsley County, Kentucky, United States, in the "Kentucky Highlands" region. It is 370 miles from the U.S. capital of Washington, D.C. Nearby places include the county seat of Booneville, Chestnut Gap, and Tallega. It has a cemetery and several hollows. The Lerose community was named after Lleaner Rose, who ran a local store. He was known by the locals as Lee Rose, thus giving the community its current name. "Lee" later had a grandson, Chester Clay Rose, who was killed in the attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941. His body is entombed in the remains of the USS "Arizona".
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Sullivan, Kentucky Sullivan is an unincorporated community and coal town in Union County, Kentucky, United States.
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Old Joe Clark Old Joe Clark is a US folk song, a mountain ballad that was "sung during World War I and later by soldiers from eastern Kentucky." Its lyrics refer to a real person named Joseph Clark, a Kentucky mountaineer who was born in 1839 and murdered in 1885. The "playful and sometimes outlandish verses" have led to the conjecture that it first spread as a children's song and via play parties. There are about 90 stanzas in various versions of the song. The tune is in the Mixolydian mode.
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Hatfield–McCoy feud The Hatfield–McCoy feud, or the McCoy-Hatfield feud or the Hatfield–McCoy war as some papers at the time called it, involved two rural families of the West Virginia–Kentucky area along the Tug Fork of the Big Sandy River in the years 1863–1891. The Hatfields of West Virginia were led by William Anderson "Devil Anse" Hatfield while the McCoys of Kentucky were under the leadership of Randolph "Ole Ran'l" McCoy. Those involved in the feud were descended from Ephraim Hatfield (born   1765) and William McCoy (born   1750). The feud has entered the American folklore lexicon as a metonym for any bitterly feuding rival parties. More than a century later, the feud has become synonymous with the perils of family honor, justice, and revenge.
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Daviess County, Kentucky Daviess County ( or incorrectly ), is a county in the U.S. state of Kentucky. As of the 2010 census, the population was 96,656. Its county seat is Owensboro, which was named for Colonel Abraham Owen, killed at the Battle of Tippecanoe. The county was formed from part of Ohio County on January 14, 1815.
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Three Point Coal Camp, Kentucky Three Point Coal Camp was an unincorporated community in Harlan County, Kentucky, United States. The Three Point Post Office is closed.
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Harlan County, Kentucky Harlan County is a county located in the Commonwealth of Kentucky. As of the 2010 census, the population was 29,278. Its county seat is Harlan.
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Elkatawa, Kentucky Elkatawa is an unincorporated community and coal town in Breathitt County, Kentucky, United States.
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Center Ridge, Arkansas Center Ridge is an unincorporated census-designated place in Conway County, Arkansas, United States. As of the 2010 census, its population was 388. Clifton Clowers lived in Center Ridge. He was the subject of the hit song "Wolverton Mountain", written by Merle Kilgore and Claude King, and released in 1962, selling over twenty million copies. The song was later recorded by the Nitty Gritty Dirt Band.
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In the Pines "In the Pines", also known as "Where Did You Sleep Last Night?" and "Black Girl", is a traditional American folk song originating from two songs, "In the Pines" and "The Longest Train", both of which whose authorship is unknown and date back to at least the 1870s. (Some contend an older, Irish history) The songs originated in the Southern Appalachian area of the United States in the contiguous areas of Eastern Tennessee and Kentucky, Western North Carolina and Northern Georgia.
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Webster County, Kentucky Webster County is a county located in the U.S. state of Kentucky. As of the 2010 census, the population was 13,621. Its county seat is Dixon. It is the southernmost county in the Evansville, IN–KY Metropolitan Statistical Area. The county was formed in 1860 from parts of Henderson, Hopkins, and Union Counties and named for American statesman Daniel Webster (1782-1852). It was mainly pro-Confederate during the American Civil War and was the site several skirmishes and some guerrilla warfare. It is a prohibition or dry county.
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Mrs. McGrath "Mrs. McGrath" (also known as "Mrs. McGraw", "My Son Ted", "My Son John", and "The Sergeant and Mrs. McGrath") is an Irish folk song set during the Peninsular War of the early 19th century. The song tells the story of a woman whose son enters the British Army and returns seven years later having lost his legs to a cannonball while fighting against Napoleon presumably at the Battle of Fuentes de Oñoro (fought between 3 and 5 May 1811). The general theme of the song is one of opposition to war. Along with "Johnny I Hardly Knew Ye", it is one of the most graphic of all Irish folk songs that deal with sickness and injuries caused by warfare. Irish folk song collector Colm Ó Lochlainn described "Mrs. Grath" as "known to every true born citizen of Dublin". It was very popular among the Irish Volunteers in the years leading up to the 1916 Rising and has been recorded by many singers and folk groups.
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Memphis blues The Memphis blues is a style of blues music ocreated from the 1910s to the 1930s by musicians in the Memphis area, like Frank Stokes, Sleepy John Estes, Furry Lewis and Memphis Minnie. The style was popular in vaudeville and medicine shows and was associated with Beale Street, the main entertainment area in Memphis, [[. [[W. C. Handy]], the "Father of the Blues", published the song "[[The Memphis Blues]]". In lyrics, the phrase has been used to describe a [[Depression (mood)|depressed mood]].
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Battle of Hoover's Gap The Battle of Hoover's Gap (24 June 1863) was the principal battle in the Tullahoma Campaign of the American Civil War, in which Union General William S. Rosecrans drove General Braxton Bragg’s Confederates out of Central Tennessee. Rosecrans’ feigned move on the western end of the Confederate line had left the eastern mountain passes lightly defended, and Colonel John T. Wilder's mounted infantry achieved total surprise when they attacked Hoover's Gap. Success was attributed both to Rosecrans’ brilliant deception tactics and the high morale of Wilder’s ‘Lightning Brigade’, equipped with the new Spencer repeating rifle, which totally disoriented the enemy.
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Paradise (John Prine song) "Paradise" is a song written by John Prine for his father, and recorded for his 1971 debut album, "John Prine". Prine also re-recorded the song for his 1986 album, "German Afternoons". The song is about the devastating impact of strip mining for coal, whereby the top layers of soil are blasted off with dynamite to reach the coal seam below. The song is also about what happened to the area around the Green River in Kentucky because of the strip mining. The song references the Peabody Coal Company, and a town called Paradise in Muhlenberg County, Kentucky where Tennessee Valley Authority now operates a coal-fired power plant. The area has suffered serious economic downturn because of the decline of coal mining.
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Battle of Stones River The Battle of Stones River or Second Battle of Murfreesboro, was fought from December 31, 1862, to January 2, 1863, in Middle Tennessee, as the culmination of the Stones River Campaign in the Western Theater of the American Civil War. Of the major battles of the Civil War, Stones River had the highest percentage of casualties on both sides. Although the battle itself was inconclusive, the Union Army's repulse of two Confederate attacks and the subsequent Confederate withdrawal were a much-needed boost to Union morale after the defeat at the Battle of Fredericksburg, and it dashed Confederate aspirations for control of Middle Tennessee.