Who introduced the role that John Rich played from 1717 to 1760?
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John Rich (producer) John Rich (1692–1761) was an important director and theatre manager in 18th-century London. He opened the New Theatre at Lincoln's Inn Fields (1714), which he managed until he opened the Theatre Royal, Covent Garden (1732). He managed Covent Garden until 1761, putting on ever more lavish productions. He introduced pantomime to the English stage and played a dancing and mute Harlequin himself from 1717 to 1760 under the stage name of "Lun." Rich's version of the servant character, Arlecchino, moved away from the poor, disheveled, loud, and crude character, to a colorfully-dressed, silent Harlequin, performing fanciful tricks, dances and magic. The British idea of the Harlequin character was heavily inspired by Rich’s idea of a silent character. Rich’s choice of being a silent character was influenced by his unappealing voice, which he was well aware of.
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Harlequin Harlequin ( ; Italian: "Arlecchino" ] , French: "Arlequin" ] , Old French "Harlequin") is the best-known of the "zanni" or comic servant characters from the Italian "Commedia dell'arte". The role is traditionally believed to have been introduced by Zan Ganassa in the late 16th century, and was definitively popularized by the Italian actor Tristano Martinelli in Paris in 1584–1585 and became a stock character after Martinelli's death in 1630.
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Henry Rich, 1st Earl of Holland Henry Rich, 1st Earl of Holland (19 August 1590 (baptised) – 9 March 1649), known as The Lord Kensington between 1623 and 1624, was an English courtier, peer and soldier. A member of the influential Rich family, he was the son of Robert Rich, 1st Earl of Warwick, and his wife, Penelope Devereux, and the younger brother of Robert, 2nd Earl of Warwick.
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William Warren (elder actor) William Warren (b. Bath, Somerset, 10 May 1767; d. Washington, D.C., United States, 19 October 1832) was an actor. His first appearance was as Young Norval in Home's tragedy of "Douglas". Soon afterward, Warren came to the United States, making his debut at Baltimore, Maryland, as Friar Lawrence in "Romeo and Juliet". In 1805 he went to England, as agent for the Philadelphia Theatre, to collect a company of comedians, and on his return in 1806 he married the actress, Mrs. Ann Merry. Later, Warren became manager of the Chestnut Street Theatre in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, where he made his last appearance on 25 November 1829 as Robert Bramble in the "Poor Gentleman".
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David Fisher (I) David Fisher (I) (1760–1832), was an English actor and theatre manager.
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Farin de Hautemer Farin de Hautemer (c. 1700 in Rouen – c.1770 id) was an 18th-century French playwright and actor.
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Claude Rich Claude Rich (8 February 1929 – 20 July 2017) was a French stage and screen actor. He began his career in the theater before his film debut in 1955.
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Sir John Moore, 1st Baronet Sir John Moore, 1st Baronet KB (24 March 1718 – 2 February 1779) was a British officer of the Royal Navy during the War of the Austrian Succession and the Seven Years' War. He eventually rose to the rank of admiral.
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Elizabeth Younge Elizabeth Younge (1740 – 15 March 1797) was an English actress who specialized in Shakespearean roles.
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Marie Madeleine de Montaigu Marie Madeleine de Montaigu (née Le Croix) (1692–1736) was a Danish actor. She was employed first as a court-actor, and later became one of the first female actors to perform on a Public theatre in Denmark.
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John Warner (1736–1800) John Warner (1736–1800) was an English cleric and classical scholar.
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John Stuart, 3rd Earl of Bute John Stuart, 3rd Earl of Bute, ( ; 25 May 1713 – 10 March 1792) was a Scottish nobleman who served as Prime Minister of Great Britain (1762–1763) under George III. He was arguably the last important favourite in British politics. He was the first Prime Minister from Scotland following the Acts of Union in 1707 and the first Tory to have held the office.
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Jean-Baptiste de La Noue Jean-Baptiste Simon Sauvé de La Noue (20 October 1701 – 13 November 1760) was an 18th-century French actor and playwright.
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John Robins (c. 1714–54) John Robins (c. 1714–1717 December 1754) was an English politician.
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John Quick (actor) John Quick (1748 – 4 April 1831) was an English actor, known for comic parts.
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Joseph Haines Joseph Haines (died 4 April 1701), also known as Jo Haines, was a 17th-century actor, singer, dancer, guitar player, fortune teller, and author.
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Claude Riche Claude-Antoine-Gaspard Riche (20 August 1762 – 5 September 1797) was a naturalist on Bruni d'Entrecasteaux's 1791 expedition in search of the lost ships of Jean-François de Galaup, comte de La Pérouse.
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Christopher Rich (theatre manager) Christopher Rich (1657–1714) was a lawyer and theatrical manager in London in the late 17th and early 18th century.
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John Middleton (British Army officer) Brigadier-General John Middleton (27 September 1678 – 4 May 1739) was a British politician. He served as a Member of Parliament (MP) from 1713 to 1739, although not continuously.
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John Wood (Kent cricketer, born 1745) John Wood (1745 – July 1816 at Seal, Kent) was an English cricketer who played for Kent. His career began in the 1760s before first-class statistics began to be recorded and his known first-class career spans the 1772 to 1783 seasons.
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Polly Young Polly Young (also known as Mary Young, Maria Young, Polly Barthélemon and Maria Barthélemon) (7 July 1749 – 20 September 1799) was an English soprano, composer and keyboard player. She was part of a well-known English family of musicians that included several professional singers and organists during the 17th and 18th centuries. Her husband, François-Hippolyte Barthélémon, was a composer and violinist, and their daughter, Cecilia Maria Barthélemon, was also a composer and opera singer.
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George Lillo George Lillo (3 February 1691 – 4 September 1739) was an English playwright and tragedian. He was a jeweller in London as well as a dramatist. He produced his first stage work, "Silvia, or The Country Burial", in 1730. A year later, he produced his most famous play, "The London Merchant". He wrote at least six more plays before his death in 1739, including "The Christian Hero" (1735), "Fatal Curiosity" (1737) and "Marina" (1738).