In what year was the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine awarded to the scientist who supervised the PhD of Roger Hendrix?
97fca390c98cead09d97f5bc69fb4253
Roger Hendrix (biologist) Roger W. Hendrix (July 7, 1943 – August 15, 2017) was an American biologist, focusing in bacteriophage biology, and a Distinguished Professor at University of Pittsburgh.. He studied biology at the California Institute of Technology and went on to obtain his Ph.D. from Harvard University under the supervision of James Watson, the co-discoverer of the structure of DNA. In 2009, he received the NAS Award for Scientific Reviewing.
62ab0a92c84ef8e49773d387549aab97
James Watson James Dewey Watson (born April 6, 1928) is an American molecular biologist, geneticist and zoologist, best known as one of the co-discoverers of the structure of DNA in 1953 with Francis Crick and Rosalind Franklin. Watson, Crick, and Maurice Wilkins were awarded the 1962 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine "for their discoveries concerning the molecular structure of nucleic acids and its significance for information transfer in living material".
dc589d064b972abb9b2ec00759a645ee
Wendell Meredith Stanley Wendell Meredith Stanley (16 August 1904 – 15 June 1971) was an American biochemist, virologist and Nobel laureate.
2c611c838c0bed5c37fc5a6005f768ea
Physics in Medicine and Biology Physics in Medicine & Biology is a biweekly peer-reviewed medical journal covering research on the application of physics to medicine, physiology, and biology. It was established in 1956 and is published by IOP Publishing on behalf of the Institute of Physics and Engineering in Medicine. It is also an official journal of the following medical societies: Canadian Organization of Medical Physics, Deutsche Gesellschaft für Medizinische Physik, Japanese Association of Radiological Physics, European Federation of Organisations for Medical Physics, and the International Organization for Medical Physics. The editor-in-chief is Simon Cherry (University of California, Davis).
0bda851d3e57fd852e8b3bb3382e4998
Walter Rudolf Hess Walter Rudolf Hess (March 17, 1881 – August 12, 1973) was a Swiss physiologist who won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1949 for mapping the areas of the brain involved in the control of internal organs. He shared the prize with Egas Moniz.
bd72ae038cbb5fc18ab7032872c7c296
Roger C. Thomas Roger Christopher Thomas FRS (born 2 June 1939) is a British physiologist, former Professor of Physiology, Cambridge University 1996-2006.
09414b289574dc35e984e9ea8ddf272a
Louis Ignarro Louis J. Ignarro (born May 31, 1941) is an American pharmacologist. For demonstrating the signaling properties of nitric oxide, he was co-recipient of the 1998 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Robert F. Furchgott and Ferid Murad.
b5bf1dc3c9081f540afb0daeedc6db00
Dillwyn Williams Sir Edward Dillwyn Williams FRCP, FRCPath, FMedSci (born 1 April 1929) is a British medical scientist and a Fellow of the Learned Society of Wales.
bd7d098ddd0f697f8682aa545c776ace
Sydney Brenner Sydney Brenner (born 13 January 1927) is a South African biologist and a 2002 Nobel prize in Physiology or Medicine laureate, shared with Bob Horvitz and John Sulston. Brenner made significant contributions to work on the genetic code, and other areas of molecular biology while working in the Medical Research Council (MRC) Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Cambridge, England. He established the roundworm "Caenorhabditis elegans" as a model organism for the investigation of developmental biology, and founded the Molecular Sciences Institute in Berkeley, California, U.S..
ec3e72b2dbe734724f63e7708f1fc7a2
Kary Mullis Kary Banks Mullis (born December 28, 1944) is a Nobel Prize-winning American biochemist. In recognition of his improvement of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique, he shared the 1993 Nobel Prize in Chemistry with Michael Smith and earned the Japan Prize in the same year. The process was first described by Kjell Kleppe and 1968 Nobel laureate H. Gobind Khorana, and allows the amplification of specific DNA sequences. The improvements made by Mullis allowed PCR to become a central technique in biochemistry and molecular biology, described by "The New York Times" as "highly original and significant, virtually dividing biology into the two epochs of before P.C.R. and after P.C.R."
a349d3b2346fc5c476f437e2e5d09c68
David Baltimore David Baltimore (born March 7, 1938) is an American biologist, university administrator, and 1975 Nobel laureate in Physiology or Medicine. He served as president of the California Institute of Technology (Caltech) from 1997 to 2006, and is currently the President Emeritus and Robert Andrews Millikan Professor of Biology at Caltech. He also served as president of Rockefeller University from 1990 to 1991, and was president of the American Association for the Advancement of Science in 2007. Baltimore has profoundly influenced international science, including key contributions to immunology, virology, cancer research, biotechnology, and recombinant DNA research, through his accomplishments as a researcher, administrator, educator, and public advocate for science and engineering. He has trained many doctoral students and postdoctoral fellows, several of whom have gone on to notable and distinguished research careers. In addition to the Nobel Prize, he has received a number of awards, including the U.S. National Medal of Science in 1999. Baltimore currently sits on the Board of Sponsors for the "Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists" and is a consultant to the Science Philanthropy Alliance.
5978b0a4cb308e4e8646bdb1b59eea90
Hilde Mangold Hilde Mangold (20 October 1898 – 4 September 1924) (née Proescholdt) was a German embryologist who was best known for her 1923 dissertation which was the foundation for her mentor, Hans Spemann's, 1935 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for the discovery of the embryonic organizer, "one of the very few doctoral theses in biology that have directly resulted in the awarding of a Nobel Prize". The general effect she demonstrated is known as embryonic induction, that is, the capacity of some cells to direct the developmental trajectory of other cells. Induction remains a fundamental concept and area of ongoing research in the field.
a4a77abf6e216a09346675e91ba19fa3
Roger L. Williams Roger Lee Williams {'1': ", '2': ", '3': ", '4': "} is a structural biologist and group leader at the Medical Research Council (MRC) Laboratory of Molecular Biology at the University of Cambridge. His group studies the form and flexibility of protein complexes that associate with and modify lipid cell membranes. His work concerns the biochemistry, structures and dynamics of these key enzyme complexes.
81e897ccfa6b2bf5d57e158d099f4e76
Daniel Nathans Daniel Nathans (October 30, 1928 – November 16, 1999) was an American microbiologist. He shared the 1978 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, for the discovery of restriction enzymes.
e867ab2793d4aece34ca41d46763b335
Miodrag Radulovacki Miodrag (Misha) Radulovacki, MD, PhD (Serbian Cyrillic: Миодраг Радуловачки; Serbian Latin: Miodrag Radulovački), was an American scientist and inventor of Serbian descent. He was Professor of Pharmacology in the College of Medicine at the University of Illinois at Chicago (UIC), Dr. Radulovacki's significant research accomplishments include: (1) the Adenosine Sleep Theory, and (2) pioneering pharmacological studies for the treatment of sleep apnea, accomplished together with his longtime research collaborator, David W. Carley, (Professor of Medicine at the UIC). Drs. Radulovacki and Carley invented several drug therapies for the treatment of sleep apnea which have been patented by the UIC. As a result, the UIC recognized them as the 2010 "Inventors of the Year." During his long academic career at the UIC, Dr. Radulovacki published more than 170 scientific papers. Dr. Radulovacki was also a long-time Foreign Member of the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts.
0594276def86e4c624fa0ed9f819b996
Thomas Hunt Morgan Thomas Hunt Morgan (September 25, 1866 – December 4, 1945) was an American evolutionary biologist, geneticist, embryologist, and science author who won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1933 for discoveries elucidating the role that the chromosome plays in heredity.
6d713b347b211211a57e9b959d2657d9
Martin Chalfie Martin Lee Chalfie (born January 15, 1947) is an American scientist. He is University Professor at Columbia University. He shared the 2008 Nobel Prize in Chemistry along with Osamu Shimomura and Roger Y. Tsien "for the discovery and development of the green fluorescent protein, GFP". He holds a Ph.D. in neurobiology from Harvard University.
f63820d2173480bb1aac5a0cea80ba83
Bernard Davis Bernard David Davis (January 7, 1916 – January 14, 1994) was an American biologist who made major contributions in microbial physiology and metabolism. Davis was a prominent figure at Harvard Medical School in microbiology and in national science policy. He was the 1989 recipient of the Selman A. Waksman Award in Microbiology from the National Academy of Sciences.
3cca02ce2165d214e8c29a6f0cbec725
Jack W. Szostak Jack William Szostak (born November 9, 1952) is a Canadian American biologist of Polish British descent, Nobel Prize laureate, Professor of Genetics at Harvard Medical School and Alexander Rich Distinguished Investigator at Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston. Szostak has made significant contributions to the field of genetics. His achievement helped scientists to map the location of genes in mammals and to develop techniques for manipulating genes. His research findings in this area are also instrumental to the Human Genome Project. He was awarded the 2009 Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine, along with Elizabeth Blackburn and Carol W. Greider, for the discovery of how chromosomes are protected by telomeres.
3c9b4297e66898ca06be4238f1d17218
Andrew Schally Andrzej Viktor "Andrew" Schally (born November 30, 1926) is an American endocrinologist of Polish-Jewish descent, who was a corecipient with Roger Guillemin and Rosalyn Sussman Yalow, of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.
d62e467cb5e3cc66c5421f60c0c372e8
Jeane Porter Hester Jeane Porter Hester (born June 15, 1929) is a scientist known for her work in cancer research and therapy. She was a Professor of Medicine, Chief of Supportive Therapy, and Chief of Leukapheresis at University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center in Houston, Texas, and was one of the developers of IBM 2997, the computerized blood cell separator. She was inducted into the Texas Women's Hall of Fame in 1984 and the Oklahoma Hall of Fame in 1987.
41d5be9f3f587a64371ff1c68f1e307d
Albert Claude Albert Claude (24 August 1899 – 22 May 1983) was a Belgian medical doctor and cell biologist who shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1974 with Christian de Duve and George Emil Palade. His elementary education started in a comprehensive primary school at Longlier, his birthplace. He served in the British Intelligence Service during the First World War, and got imprisoned in concentration camps twice. In recognition of his service, he was granted enrolment at the University of Liège in Belgium to study medicine without any formal education required for the course. He earned his Doctor of Medicine degree in 1928. Devoted to medical research, he initially joined German institutes in Berlin. In 1929 he found an opportunity to join the Rockefeller Institute in New York. At Rockefeller University he made his most groundbreaking achievements in cell biology. In 1930 he developed the technique of cell fractionation, by which he discovered the agent of the Rous sarcoma, components of cell organelles such as mitochondrion, chloroplast, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, ribosome and lysosome. He was the first to employ the electron microscope in the field of biology. In 1945 he published the first detailed structure of cell. His collective works established the complex functional and structural properties of cells.