Who wrote an opera based on the life of a man elected archon in 493 BC?
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Thémistocle Thémistocle ("Themistocles") is an opera by the French composer François-André Danican Philidor, first performed at Fontainebleau on 13 October 1785. It transferred to the Académie Royale de Musique, Paris (the Paris Opera) on 23 May 1786. It takes the form of a "tragédie lyrique" in three acts. The libretto, by Étienne Morel de Chédeville, is based on the life of the ancient Greek statesman Themistocles.
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Themistocles Themistocles ( ; Greek: Θεμιστοκλῆς "Themistoklẽs"; "Glory of the Law"; c. 524–459 BC) was an Athenian politician and general. He was one of a new breed of non-aristocratic politicians who rose to prominence in the early years of the Athenian democracy. As a politician, Themistocles was a populist, having the support of lower-class Athenians, and generally being at odds with the Athenian nobility. Elected archon in 493 BC, he convinced the polis to increase the naval power of Athens, a recurring theme in his political career. During the first Persian invasion of Greece he fought at the Battle of Marathon (490 BC) and was possibly one of the ten Athenian "strategoi" (generals) in that battle.
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Idomeneo Idomeneo, re di Creta ossia Ilia e Idamante (Italian for "Idomeneus, King of Crete, or, Ilia and Idamante"; usually referred to simply as Idomeneo, K. 366) is an Italian language opera seria by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart. The libretto was adapted by Giambattista Varesco from a French text by Antoine Danchet, which had been set to music by André Campra as "Idoménée" in 1712. Mozart and Varesco were commissioned in 1780 by Karl Theodor, Elector of Bavaria for a court carnival. He probably chose the subject, though it might have been Mozart. The work premiered on 29 January 1781 at the Cuvilliés Theatre in Munich, Germany.
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Agrippina (opera) Agrippina (HWV 6) is an "opera seria" in three acts by George Frideric Handel with a libretto by Cardinal Vincenzo Grimani. Composed for the 1709–10 Venice "Carnevale" season, the opera tells the story of Agrippina, the mother of Nero, as she plots the downfall of the Roman Emperor Claudius and the installation of her son as emperor. Grimani's libretto, considered one of the best that Handel set, is an "anti-heroic satirical comedy", full of topical political allusions. Some analysts believe that it reflects Grimani's political and diplomatic rivalry with Pope Clement XI.
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Lysistrata (opera) Lysistrata, or The Nude Goddess is an opera in two acts by composer Mark Adamo. The work is based on Aristophanes's fifth century BCE play "Lysistrata". The opera had its world premiere at the Houston Grand Opera on March 4, 2005. It was subsequently produced in March 2006 at the New York City Opera, and it will be produced in San Francisco by Ensemble Parallele in February 2013.
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Ezio (libretto) Ezio is an opera libretto by Metastasio, first officially set to music by Pietro Auletta and premièred in the Teatro delle Dame, Rome, on December 26, 1728; an unauthorized setting by Nicola Porpora had already been premièred a month earlier (November 20) in Venice.
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Le faucon (opera) Le faucon (English: The Falcon , Russian: Сокол ) is an "opéra comique" in three acts by the Ukrainian composer Dmitry Bortniansky with a French language libretto by Franz-Hermann Lafermière. It was first performed on 11 October 1786 at the Gatchina Palace in Russia by aristocratic amateur singers. The plot is borrowed from Boccaccio's "The Decameron" (Fifth Day, 9th tale) which also served as the basis for Pierre-Alexandre Monsigny's 1771 comic opera "Le faucon" (libretto by Michel-Jean Sedaine) (and later for Gounod's "La colombe").
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Demofonte Demofonte (also "Demofoonte"; "Il Demofoonte"; "Demofoonte, ré di Tracia" [King of Thrace]; "Démophon"; "Demophontes"; or "Dirce, L'usurpatore innocente" ["Dirce, The Innocent Usurper") is an opera seria libretto by Metastasio. The libretto was first set by Antonio Caldara in 1733, but remained popular throughout the eighteenth century and was set over seventy times.
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Epinicus Epinicus or "Epinikos" (Greek: Ἐπίνικος , 3rd century BC), was an Athenian comic poet of the new comedy. Two of his plays are known, "Hypoballomenai" and "Mnêsiptolemos". The latter title determines his date to the time of Antiochus III the Great, about 217 BC, for Mnesiptolemus was an historian in great favour with that king.
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Siege of Naxos (499 BC) The Siege of Naxos (499 BC) was a failed attempt by the Milesian tyrant Aristagoras, operating with support from, and in the name of the Persian Empire of Darius the Great, to conquer the island of Naxos. It was the opening act of the Greco-Persian Wars, which would ultimately last for 50 years.
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Diane et Endymion Diane et Endymion ("Diana and Endymion") is a French-language opera by the composer Niccolò Piccinni, first performed at the Académie Royale de Musique, Paris (the Paris Opera) on 7 September 1784. It takes the form of an "opéra" in three acts. The libretto, by Jean-François Espic Chevalier de Liroux, is based on the story of the goddess Diana's love for the shepherd Endymion.
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Pimmalione Pimmalione ("Pygmalion") is an opera in one act by Luigi Cherubini, first performed at the Théâtre des Tuileries, Paris on 30 November 1809. The libretto is an adaptation by Stefano Vestris of Antonio Simone Sografi's Italian translation of the text Jean-Jacques Rousseau wrote for his "scène lyrique" "Pygmalion" (1770). It is based on the Classical legend of the sculptor Pygmalion.
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Greek (opera) Greek is an opera in two acts composed by Mark-Anthony Turnage to a libretto adapted by Turnage and Jonathan Moore from Steven Berkoff's 1980 verse play "Greek". The play and the opera are a re-telling of Sophocles's Greek tragedy "Oedipus Rex" with the setting changed to the East End of London in the 1980s. The opera was first performed on 17 June 1988 in the Carl-Orff-Saal of the Gasteig, Munich, in a co-production by the Munich Biennale, the Edinburgh International Festival and the BBC.
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Herakles (Euripides) Herakles (Ancient Greek: Ἡρακλῆς μαινόμενος , "Hēraklēs Mainomenos", also known as "Hercules Furens ") is an Athenian tragedy by Euripides that was first performed c. 416 BCE. While Herakles is in the underworld obtaining Cerberus for one of his labours, his father Amphitryon, wife Megara, and children are sentenced to death in Thebes by Lycus. Herakles arrives in time to save them, though the goddesses Iris and Madness (personified) cause him to kill his wife and children in a frenzy. It is the second of two surviving tragedies by Euripides where the family of Herakles are suppliants (the first being "Herakles' Children"). It was first performed at the City Dionysia festival.
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A Life for the Tsar A Life for the Tsar (Russian: Жизнь за царя , "Zhizn' za tsarya"), as it is known in English, although in Soviet times its name was "Ivan Susanin" (Russian: Иван Сусанин ) is a "patriotic-heroic tragic opera" in four acts with an epilogue by Mikhail Glinka. The original Russian libretto, based on historical events, was written by Nestor Kukolnik, Egor Fyodorovich (von) Rozen, Vladimir Sollogub and Vasily Zhukovsky. It premiered on 27 November 1836 OS (9 December NS) at the Bolshoi Kamenny Theatre in St. Petersburg. The historical basis of the plot involves Ivan Susanin, a patriotic hero of the early 17th century who gave his life in the expulsion of the invading Polish army for the newly elected Tsar Mikhail, the first of the Romanov dynasty, elected in 1613.
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Radamisto (Handel) Radamisto (HWV 12) is an opera seria in three acts by George Frideric Handel to an Italian libretto by Nicola Francesco Haym, based on "L'amor tirannico, o Zenobia" by Domenico Lalli and "Zenobia" by Matteo Noris. It was Handel's first opera for the Royal Academy of Music. The opera's plot is loosely based on incidents from Tacitus's "Annals of Imperial Rome".
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Cimon Cimon ( ; c. 510 – 450BC) or Kimon ( ; Greek: Κίμων , "Kimōn") was an Athenian statesman and general in mid-5th century BC Greece. He was the son of Miltiades, the victor of the Battle of Marathon. Cimon played a key role in creating the powerful Athenian maritime empire following the failure of the Persian invasion of Greece by Xerxes I in 480-479 BC. Cimon became a celebrated military hero and was elevated to the rank of admiral after fighting in the Battle of Salamis.
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Rodrigo (opera) Rodrigo (HWV 5) is an opera in three acts composed by George Frideric Handel. Its original title was "Vincer se stesso è la maggior vittoria" ("To overcome oneself is the greater victory"). The opera is based on the historical figure of Rodrigo, the last Visigothic king of Spain. The libretto was based on Francesco Silvani's "II duello d'Amore e di Vendetta" ("The conflict between love and revenge"). Dating from 1707, it was Handel's first opera written for performance in Italy, and the first performance took place in Florence late in 1707.
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Poro (opera) Poro, re dell'Indie ("Porus, King of the Pakistani region", HWV 28) is an opera seria in three acts by George Frideric Handel. The Italian-language libretto was adapted from "Alessandro nell'Indie" by Metastasio, and based on Alexander the Great's encounter with King Porus in 326 BC. The libretto had already been set to music by Leonardo Vinci in 1729 and by Antonio Vivaldi among others and was used as the text for more than sixty operas throughout the 18th century.
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Achille et Polyxène Achille et Polyxène ("Achilles and Polyxena") is a tragédie lyrique containing a prologue and five acts based on Virgil's "Aeneid" with a French libretto by Jean Galbert de Campistron. The opera's overture and first act were composed by Jean-Baptiste Lully, who died from a conducting injury before he could complete the score. The prologue and the remaining acts are the work of his pupil Pascal Collasse who finished the work, eight months after Lully's death on March 22, 1687. The opera was first performed on November 7, 1687, by the Paris Opera at the Théâtre du Palais-Royal in Paris.
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La Périchole La Périchole (] ) is an opéra bouffe in three acts by Jacques Offenbach. Henri Meilhac and Ludovic Halévy wrote the French-language libretto based on the 1829 one act play "Le carrosse du Saint-Sacrement" by Prosper Mérimée, which was revived on 13 March 1850 at the Théâtre-Français. Offenbach was probably aware of this production, as he conducted the orchestra of the Comédie-Française from around this time. Another theatrical creation that pre-dates Offenbach's opéra bouffe and may have influenced the piece is a farce by Desforges and Théaulon given on 21 October 1835 at the Théâtre du Palais-Royal.
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Oedipus rex (opera) Oedipus rex is an "Opera-oratorio after Sophocles" by Igor Stravinsky, scored for orchestra, speaker, soloists, and male chorus. The libretto, based on Sophocles's tragedy, was written by Jean Cocteau in French and then translated by Abbé Jean Daniélou into Latin; the narration, however, is performed in the language of the audience.