What is the name of the language group that includes those of the Onogurs, Bulgars, Khazars, and one of the languages spoken within the Hun empire?
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Oghur languages The Oghur or Oğuric languages (also known as Bulgar, Pre-Proto Bulgaric, or Lir-Turkic and r-Turkic) are a branch of the Turkic language family. The only extant member of the group is the Chuvash language. Languages from this family were spoken in some nomadic tribal confederations, such as those of the Onogurs, Bulgars, and Khazars. Some scholars consider Hunnic a similar language and refer to this extended grouping as Hunno-Bulgarian.
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Hunnic language The Hunnic language, or Hunnish, was the language spoken by Huns in the Hunnic Empire, a heterogeneous, multi-ethnic tribal confederation which ruled much of Eastern Europe and invaded the West during the 4th and 5th centuries. A variety of languages were spoken within the Hun Empire. A contemporary reports that Hunnish was spoken alongside Gothic and the languages of other tribes subjugated by the Huns.
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Hus language Andra-Hus is an Austronesian language spoken on the islands of the same name, off the northern coast of Manus Island, New Guinea.
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Kazarig Kotzarig, Khozarig, Khazarig, Kozar, or Cozarig (ܟܙܪܝܓ), was the name of a dynasty of Hunno-Bulgar rulers. A name intricately associated with the Land of Kedar, the first Khazarig was, according to Sandilch, a son of Ernakh, after whom the Kozarigur Bulgar-Huns were named. It is likely that Sandilch was referring to Kandik who ruled half of the Bulgars at that time. Ernakh's other son was Utig after whom Sandilch's own Utigur Bulgar-Huns were named. Kozar could mean "Goat-Herder" in Slavonic languages.
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Ayrums Ayrums (Azerbaijani: "Ayrımlar") are a sub-ethnic group of Azerbaijanis in the Caucasus. During the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, some migrated to Iran and to Turkey. At least six towns in northwestern Azerbaijan and northeastern Armenia have been named after the tribe: Ayrum, Mets Ayrum, Bağanis Ayrum, Quşçu Ayrım, Yuxarı Ayrım, Mollaayrım. This is because the traditional territory of the tribe lay in the area between the modern-day states of Georgia, Armenia, and Azerbaijan. There is no relation between Ayrom's and the Greek Orthodox, Turkic-speaking Urum people. The confusion is rooted from the lack of the Turkic sound "-ı" in Persian and its consequent representation by "-u".
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Dulo clan The Dulo clan was the ruling dynasty of the Bulgars. The origins of the Bulgars and Dulo clan are not known precisely, there are many theories about their origin. It is generally considered that the origin of the Dulo clan and Bulgars, or at least of the elite caste, is intimately related to the origin and activity of the Huns and Western Turks.
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East Slavic languages The East Slavic languages constitute one of three regional subgroups of Slavic languages, currently spoken in Eastern Europe. It is the group with the largest numbers of speakers, far out-numbering the Western and Southern Slavic groups. The existing East Slavic languages are Belarusian, Russian and Ukrainian; Rusyn is considered to be either a separate language or a dialect of Ukrainian.
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Akatziri The Akatziri or Akatzirs (, Latin: "Acatziri" ) was a tribe that lived north of the Black Sea, west of Crimea. Their ethnicity is undetermined, Priscus (5th c.) describes them as ethnic ("ethnos") Scythians, but they are also referred to as Huns ("Akatiri Hunni"). A theory is that they were a Turkic tribe, their ethnonym connected to Turkic "ağaç eri", "woodman". Their name has also been connected to the Agathyrsi. Jordanes ( 551) called them a mighty people, not agriculturalists but cattle-breeders and hunters.
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Pecheneg language Pecheneg is an extinct Turkic language spoken by the Pechenegs in Eastern Europe (most of Ukraine, parts of southern Russia, Moldova and Hungary) in the 7th–12th centuries. It is also possible that the language was spoken by the Cumans, per Byzantine princess Anna Komnene.
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Azerbaijani language Azerbaijani ( , , ) or Azeri ( , ), also referred to as Azeri Turkic or Azeri Turkish, is a Turkic language spoken primarily by the Azerbaijanis, who are concentrated mainly in Transcaucasia and Iranian Azerbaijan. The language has official status in Azerbaijan and Dagestan (a federal subject of Russia) but it does not have official status in Iranian Azerbaijan, where the majority of Azerbaijanis live. It is also spoken to lesser varying degrees in Azerbaijani communities of Georgia and Turkey and by diaspora communities, primarily in Europe and North America.
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Gagauz language The Gagauz language ("Gagauz dili, Gagauzça") is a Turkic language spoken by the Gagauz people of Moldova, Ukraine, Russia, and Turkey, and it is the official language of the Autonomous Region of Gagauzia in Moldova. Gagauz belongs to the Oghuz branch of Turkic languages, alongside Azeri, Turkmen, Crimean Tatar, and Turkish. Gagauz has two dialects, Bulgar Gagauzi and Maritime Gagauzi. Gagauz is a distinct language from Balkan Gagauz Turkish.
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Lezgian language Lezgian , also called Lezgi or Lezgin, is a language that belongs to the Lezgic languages. It is spoken by the Lezgins, who live in southern Dagestan, northern Azerbaijan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Kazakistan, Turkey, Germany and etc. Lezgian is a literary language and an official language of Dagestan. It is classified as "vulnerable" by UNESCO's Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger.
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Mughal tribe The Mughals (Persian: ‎ ‎ ; Urdu: ‎ ; Arabic: مغول‎ ‎ , also spelled Moghul or Mogul) are a number of culturally related clans of India, Pakistan and Bangladesh. They are descended from the various Central Asian Mongolic tribes that settled in the region. The term "Mughal" (or "Mughul" in Persian) literally means Mongolian.
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Seljuk Empire The Seljuk Empire or Great Seljuk Empire (also spelled Seljuq) (Persian: آل سلجوق‎ ‎ ) was a medieval Turko-Persian Sunni Muslim empire, originating from the Qynyq branch of Oghuz Turks. The Seljuk Empire controlled a vast area stretching from the Hindu Kush to western Anatolia and from Central Asia to the Persian Gulf. From their homelands near the Aral Sea, the Seljuks advanced first into Khorasan and then into mainland Persia before eventually conquering eastern Anatolia.
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Scythian languages The Scythian languages ( or ) are a group of Eastern Iranian languages of the classical and late antiquity (Middle Iranian) period, spoken in a vast region of Eurasia named Scythia. Except for modern Ossetian, which descends from the Alanian variety, these languages are all considered to be extinct. Modern Eastern Iranian languages such as Wakhi, however, are related to the eastern Scytho-Khotanese dialects attested from the kingdoms of Khotan and Tumshuq in the ancient Tarim Basin, in present-day southern Xinjiang, China.
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Eljigin The Eljigin people are a Khalkha Mongolian sub-ethnic group. They live in Zavhan province.The name sounds similar to Mongolian word "el" for "this" and to Turkic word "tegin" for "lord"
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Western Aramaic languages Western Aramaic languages is a group of several Aramaic languages developed and once widely spoken throughout the ancient Levant, as opposed to those from in and around Mesopotamia, which make up what is known as the Eastern Aramaic languages, which are still spoken as mother tongues by the Assyrians and Mandaeans of Iraq, north eastern Syria, south eastern Turkey and north western Iran. All of the Western Aramaic languages are extinct today except Western Neo-Aramaic.
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Indo-Iranian languages The Indo-Iranian languages, or Indo-Iranic languages or Aryan languages, constitute the largest and easternmost extant branch of the Indo-European language family. It has more than 1 billion speakers, stretching from the Caucasus (Ossetian) and the Balkans (Romani) eastward to Xinjiang (Sarikoli) and Assam (Assamese), and south to Sri Lanka (Sinhalese) and the Maldives (Maldivian).
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Proto-Anatolian language Proto-Anatolian is the proto-language from which Anatolian languages emerged. As with all other proto-languages, no attested writings have been found; the language has been reconstructed by applying the comparative method to all the attested Anatolian languages as well as other Indo-European languages.
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Kurukh language Kurukh (also Kurux and Oraon or Uranw; Devanagari: कुड़ुख़) is a Dravidian language spoken by nearly two million Oraon and Kisan tribal peoples of Odisha and surrounding areas of India (Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, and West Bengal), as well as by 50,000 in northern Bangladesh, 28,600 a dialect called Dhangar in Nepal, and about 5,000 in Bhutan. It is most closely related to Brahui and Malto (Paharia). The language is marked as being in a "vulnerable" state in UNESCO's list of endangered languages.
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Indo-Hittite In Indo-European linguistics, the term Indo-Hittite (also Indo-Anatolian) refers to Sturtevant's 1926 hypothesis that the Anatolian languages may have split off a Pre-Proto-Indo-European language considerably earlier than the separation of the remaining Indo-European languages. The term may be somewhat confusing, as the prefix "Indo-" does not refer to the Indo-Aryan branch in particular, but is iconic for "Indo-European", and the "-Hittite" part refers to the Anatolian language family as a whole.
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Turkic peoples The Turkic peoples are a collection of ethno-linguistic groups of central, eastern, northern, and western Asia as well as parts of Europe and North Africa. They speak languages belonging to the Turkic language family. They share, to varying degrees, certain cultural traits, common ancestry and historical backgrounds. The most notable modern Turkic ethnic groups are Turks, Azerbaijanis, Uzbeks, Kazakhs, Turkmens and Kyrgyz people.