The aircraft that uses Runway Overrun Prevention System technology is the first to have both a fuselage and wing structure made primarily of what material?
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Runway Overrun Prevention System ROPS (Runway Overrun Prevention System) is a technology used in the Airbus A350 XWB aircraft, which is designed to prevent the overshooting of the runway as the plane is landing.
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Airbus A350 XWB The Airbus A350 XWB is a family of long-range, twin-engine wide-body jet airliners developed by European aircraft manufacturer Airbus. The A350 is the first Airbus aircraft with both fuselage and wing structures made primarily of carbon-fibre-reinforced polymer. Its variants seat 280 to 366 passengers in typical three-class seating layouts. The A350 is positioned to succeed the A340, and compete with the Boeing 787 and 777.
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Taylorcraft F-19 Sportsman The Taylorcraft Model F-19 Sportsman is a two-seat cabin monoplane designed and built by Taylorcraft Aircraft as the first new product of the reformed Taylorcraft Aviation Company. The F-19 fuselage is a fabric-covered 4130 steel tube framework; its wing was fabric-covered wood. It has conventional landing gear and a tractor configuration 100 hp (75 kW) Continental O-200 engine.
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Skin friction drag Skin friction drag is a component of profile drag that acts on a body in a fluid flow. "Skin friction drag" applies not only to the "skins" of an aircraft but also to flow of fluids within and about any body subjected to a fluid flow. Friction drag begins as laminar drag but may become turbulent drag at some point along the body in the fluid flow direction. Skin friction drag is calculated or measured and is additive with other forms of drag acting on a body.
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Junkers J 2 The Junkers J 2 was the first all-metal aircraft intended as a dedicated military aircraft design, the first all-metal aircraft meant to be a fighter aircraft, and was the direct descendant of the pioneering J 1 all-metal aircraft technology demonstrator design of 1915.
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Tee hangar A Tee hangar is a type of enclosed structure designed to hold aircraft in protective storage. This type of hangar is also known as Tee-hangar, T hangar or T-hangar. Typically constructed of metal, they are primarily used for private aircraft at general aviation airports because they are more economical than rectangular hangars. There are two types of Tee hangars: "standard" (sometimes called "stacked") and "nested".
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Lancair 320 The Lancair 320 is a two-seat single-engined light aircraft marketed in kit form by the U.S. general aviation manufacturer Lancair. It is based on the Lancair 235, but with a larger fuselage and more powerful engine, and like the 235, it is a low-winged monoplane of composite construction with a retractable tricycle undercarriage, with side-by-side seating in an enclosed cockpit. The Lancair 360 is similar, but with a more powerful engine.
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Convair B-58 Hustler The Convair B-58 Hustler was the first operational jet bomber capable of Mach 2 flight. The aircraft was designed by Convair engineer Robert H. Widmer and developed for the United States Air Force for service in the Strategic Air Command (SAC) during the 1960s. It used a delta wing, which was also employed by Convair fighters such as the F-102, with four General Electric J79 engines in pods under the wing. It carried five nuclear weapons; four on pylons under the wings, and one nuclear weapon and fuel in a combination bomb/fuel pod under the fuselage, rather than in an internal bomb bay.
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Schneider ES-60 The Schneider ES-60 "Boomerang" is a single-seat glider that was designed and manufactured in Australia in the 1960s. It is constructed of wood and fabric. It was designed and manufactured by Edmund Schneider Pty Ltd of Adelaide, South Australia. The "Boomerang" has an all-moving, swept tailplane that resembles a boomerang and hence the name given to the ES-60. A version with a conventional straight stabiliser and moving elevator was also manufactured, called the ES-60B "Super Arrow".
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LIBIS 180 The LIBIS 180 is a sporty three-seater mixed-construction aircraft, mostly wooden with a tail wheel, made at the Ljubljana LIBIS plant, for training, towing gliders, for tourist flights and throwing skydivers. LIBIS 180 represented the further development of the popular school KB-6 Matajur, but was more demanding to fly than KB-6, because it didn't had aerodynamic twist of the wing it was difficult for landing and did not forgive pilot mistakes at low speed. LIBIS 180 was the first aircraft produced in Yugoslavia, using plastic materials: the bonnet, wing tips and propeller cap were made of glass fibers. The plane has a seat arrangement: two at the front one behind, and a fourth fuel tank is a fuel tank.
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Hellenic Aeronautical Technologies HAT (Hellenic Aeronautical Technologies) is a small Greek aerospace company based in Athens. Its founder, Anastasios Makrykostas has been an aerospace engineer in Hellenic Aerospace Industry. HAT specializes in aircraft parts made of composite materials. The first flight of its own developed aircraft, the HAT LS2, was made on May 23, 1997. It is a two-seater light aircraft with a 64 hp VW piston engine and maximum speed 233 km/h, designed for sale in the form of construction plans.
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Mallite Mallite is a type of laminate composite material, formerly manufactured by the "William Mallinson & Sons" company. The material is formed of a core sheet of end grain balsa wood, faced by duralumin sheets. This construction endows the finished material with greater strength and rigidity than a light alloy sheet of equal mass. The material was originally developed in the late 1950s for use in the aerospace industry, primarily for use in flooring and internal partitioning in jet airliner construction. However, it found fame as one of the first engineered composite materials to be employed in the motorsport industry. Robin Herd, formerly a designer on the Concorde project, used his aerospace knowledge to design the first McLaren single-seater racing cars. The M2A prototype used Mallite extensively, throughout its construction. The final production model, the Formula One McLaren M2B of 1966, only used Mallite for its internal skins and lower bodywork; a lack of understanding of the material's properties had led the team to design the car with conventional curved bodywork, creating problems during the fabrication process as the inherently inflexible material would not readily conform to complex, compound curvatures. With greater understanding of Mallite's properties Herd later used the material to construct the unraced Cosworth four-wheel drive Formula One car of 1969, noted for its slab-sided, angular looks.
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Flight control surfaces Aircraft flight control surfaces are aerodynamic devices allowing a pilot to adjust and control the aircraft's flight attitude.
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AEREON III The AEREON III was an experimental hybrid airship of rigid construction built by the AEREON Corporation in the early 1960s. Of unconventional design, the airship featured three gas envelopes attached side-by-side, with the connecting structures shaped as airfoils to create extra lift as the craft moved forward. Intended as a small prototype craft that would precede the development of much larger hybrid airships, the "AEREON III" was constructed between 1959 and 1965 but was destroyed during taxiing tests in 1966 and scrapped without having flown. It was "the first rigid airship to be built since "Graf Zeppelin II"".
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Sheremetev Sh-5 The Sheremetev Sh-5 (Шереметьев Ш-5) was a two-seat sailplane designed by Boris Nikolayevich Sheremetev and produced in the Soviet Union in the 1930s. It was an unorthodox design, with a pod-and-boom layout and a cruciform tail that had its horizontal stabiliser mounted atop the boom with a large ventral fin extending below it. The monoplane wing was mounted high, on a pylon above the fuselage pod, and braced to the fuselage with V-struts. Two open cockpits were provided in tandem, with the rear cockpit located beneath the wing. The landing gear consisted of a single sprung skid under the fuselage and a small tailwheel on the ventral fin.
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Air-cushioned landing craft An air-cushioned landing craft, also called an LCAC (landing craft, air cushioned) is a modern variation on the amphibious landing boat. The majority of these craft are small- to mid-sized multi-purpose hovercraft, also known as "over the beach" ("OTB") craft. This allows troops and material to access more than 70 percent of the world's coastline, while only approximately 15 percent of that coastline is available to conventional boat-type landing craft. Typical barriers to conventional landing craft are soft sandy beaches, marshes, swampland, and loose surfaces. Air cushion technology has vastly increased the landing capability of the craft, providing greater speed and flexibility over traditional landing craft.
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S-duct An S-duct (or "serpentine inlet") is a type of jet engine intake duct used in several types of trijet aircraft. In this configuration, the intake is in the upper rear center of the aircraft, above or below the stabilizer, while the exhaust and engine is at the rear of the aircraft. The S-duct is located in the tail, or empennage, of the aircraft. The shape of the S-duct is distinctive and easily recognized, and was used in several aircraft, beginning in 1962 with the Hawker Siddeley Trident. Currently, the Dassault Falcon 7X and Dassault Falcon 900 business jets are the only aircraft in production that use the S-duct design.
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747 Supertanker The 747 Supertanker is an aerial firefighting aircraft based on a Boeing 747 widebody aircraft. Initially developed by Evergreen International Aviation, the first Supertanker was based on a 747-200 (N470EV, tanker/tail number 947), and never entered service. The second Supertanker (N479EV, tanker/tail number 979) was based on a 747-100 originally manufactured by Boeing in 1971 for Delta Air Lines. It entered service for the first time in 2009, fighting a fire in Cuenca, Spain, and made its first American operation on 31 August 2009 at the Oak Glen Fire. On 31 December 2013, Evergreen International Airlines filled a Chapter 7 petition in federal bankruptcy court in Delaware, USA with all of the assets (including all 747 airframes) subsequently sold to a parts salvage re-seller, Jet Midwest Aviation. On July 12th, 2017, tail number 979 was intentionally destroyed for salvage at Pinal Airpark, in Marana, AZ.
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Landing gear Landing gear is the undercarriage of an aircraft or spacecraft and may be used for either takeoff or landing. For aircraft it is generally both.
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Dayton-Wright Racer The Dayton-Wright RB-1 (Rinehart-Bauman model one), also known simply as the Dayton-Wright Racer was a racing aircraft developed in the United States to participate in the 1920 Gordon Bennett Cup air race. Advanced for its day, the aircraft was a high-wing monoplane with a monocoque fuselage and cantilever wing (built of solid balsa wood covered in plywood and linen that incorporated a Grant designed mechanism to vary its camber in flight by moving the leading edge and trailing edge. The aircraft also featured a retractable undercarriage operated by a hand-crank making it one of the first instances of undercarriage retraction for aerodynamic benefit alone. The propeller shaft was mounted through a large oval radiator, the pilot had no forward view, but was provided with flexible celluloid side windows. Cockpit access was through a hatch in the top of the fuselage. A prototype was built using non-retractable gear and strut-braced wings. A shorter tapered "racing wing" was installed afterward with leading and trailing edge flaps interconnected with landing gear deployment. The mechanisms and hinges for the wing flaps were exposed across the top of the solid wing. The racing wing produced directional instability requiring small tail fins to be added.
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Flaperon A flaperon (a portmanteau word) on an aircraft's wing is a type of control surface that combines the functions of both flaps and ailerons. Some smaller kitplanes have flaperons for reasons of simplicity of manufacture, while some large commercial aircraft may have a flaperon between the flaps and aileron.
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Cessna 152 The Cessna 152 is an American two-seat, fixed tricycle gear, general aviation airplane, used primarily for flight training and personal use. It was based on the earlier Cessna 150, including a number of minor design changes and a slightly more powerful engine running on 100LL aviation gasoline.