Which physicist is associated with Photography in Luxembourg and developed a method to reproduce colors photographically based on the phenomenon of interference?
5cb55258a7c143de37338801dabed4a2
Photography in Luxembourg Photography in Luxembourg is often associated with two figures who were born in Luxembourg but left when very young: Edward Steichen (1879–1973) was an American who made outstanding contributions to fashion and military photography during the first half of the 20th century; while Gabriel Lippmann (1845–1921), a Frenchman, was awarded the Nobel prize in physics for his achievements in colour photography. There are however many Luxembourg nationals who are remembered for recording the development of the city of Luxembourg and the country as a whole from the 1850s to the present.
3e378ea57beb0f59c7c0fe67a6bf109b
Gabriel Lippmann Jonas Ferdinand Gabriel Lippmann (16 August 1845 – 13 July 1921) was a Franco-Luxembourgish physicist and inventor, and Nobel laureate in physics for his method of reproducing colours photographically based on the phenomenon of interference.
fac7e601387aba36500d3f29f21c50b1
Ramsauer–Townsend effect The Ramsauer–Townsend effect, also sometimes called the Ramsauer effect or the Townsend effect, is a physical phenomenon involving the scattering of low-energy electrons by atoms of a noble gas. Since its explanation requires the wave theory of quantum mechanics, it demonstrates the need for physical theories more sophisticated than those of Newtonian physics.
70d72c58b086b277edf05ad95a83e32c
Alexander Kordyuk Alexander A. Kordyuk (born December 9, 1967) is a Ukrainian experimental physicist, known mainly for invention of the Method of frozen images and several experimental techniques based on magnetic levitation, and for contribution to the field of high temperature superconductivity.
ac8c5f79f2fff82b7e2077b872fd54a6
Speckle pattern A speckle pattern is an intensity pattern produced by the mutual interference of a set of wavefronts. This phenomenon has been investigated by scientists since the time of Newton, but speckles have come into prominence since the invention of the laser and have now found a variety of applications. The term speckle pattern is also commonly used in the experimental mechanics community to describe the pattern of physical speckles on a surface which is useful for measuring displacement fields via digital image correlation.
3a13f1aacee6b02199e7a4620d3de3ba
Alain Aspect Alain Aspect (] ; born 15 June 1947) is a French physicist noted for his experimental work on quantum entanglement.
11a33b99ac805d0f3f9ee3b89c7040f1
Electromagnetically induced transparency Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) is a coherent optical nonlinearity which renders a medium transparent window over a narrow spectral range within an absorption line. Extreme dispersion is also created within this transparency "window" which leads to "slow light", described below. It is in essence a quantum interference effect that permits the propagation of light through an otherwise opaque atomic medium.
5dcc49964375aa2cf4f13e5c5fb0489f
Heinz-Jürgen Kluge Heinz-Jürgen Kluge, known as Jürgen Kluge (born 25 April 1941), is a physicist probably best known for the development of ion-storage devices and methods for accurate measurements of nuclear masses.
802c4751cf5d14dd7696ba8d3e72bd3f
Georges Valensi M. Georges Valensi (1889–1980) was a French telecommunications engineer who, in 1938, invented and patented a method of transmitting color images via luma and chrominance so that they could be received on both color and black & white television sets. Rival colour television methods, which had been in development since the 1920s, were incompatible with monochrome televisions.
e86703e99e0271f6fc288149d042b65c
Tessar The Tessar is a famous photographic lens design conceived by the German physicist Paul Rudolph in 1902 while he worked at the Zeiss optical company and patented by Zeiss in Germany; the lens type is usually known as the Zeiss Tessar.
de5ce8563b294122a03984db400ac405
Gerda Laski Gerda Laski (4 June 1893 – 24 November 1928) was an Austrian/German physicist known for her research in infrared radiation. She earned her doctorate in physics from the University of Vienna in 1917. Laski directed the Kaiser Wilhelm Society's Institute for Fibers Research before moving to the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt to start her own department in 1928. Her researched concerned the Bohr model.
bc0dfa06da03d80fb99c67b0250315c2
Ilya Prigogine Viscount Ilya Romanovich Prigogine ( ; Russian: Илья́ Рома́нович Приго́жин , "Ilya Romanovich Prigozhin";25 January [O.S. 12 January] 1917 28 May 2003) was a Belgian physical chemist and Nobel Laureate noted for his work on dissipative structures, complex systems, and irreversibility.
242b4973437eae523baad261b322a12a
Interference (wave propagation) In physics, interference is a phenomenon in which two waves superpose to form a resultant wave of greater, lower, or the same amplitude. Interference usually refers to the interaction of waves that are correlated or coherent with each other, either because they come from the same source or because they have the same or nearly the same frequency. Interference effects can be observed with all types of waves, for example, light, radio, acoustic, surface water waves or matter waves.
14c7548a24bdd3d210c9eb9e8bafbb60
Hurter and Driffield Ferdinand Hurter (1844–1898) and Vero Charles Driffield (1848–1915) were nineteenth-century photographic scientists who brought quantitative scientific practice to photography through the methods of sensitometry and densitometry.
5c49c83a96a36ec821dd84abc59b5388
Dichromatism Dichromatism (or polychromatism) is a phenomenon where a material or solution's hue is dependent on both the concentration of the absorbing substance and the depth or thickness of the medium traversed. In most substances which are not dichromatic, only the brightness and saturation of the colour depend on their concentration and layer thickness.
a4df591a9df6ecbd133c3e7a18908f9d
Tyndall effect The Tyndall effect, also known as Willis-Tyndall scattering, is light scattering by particles in a colloid or else particles in a very fine suspension. It is named after the 19th-century physicist John Tyndall. It is similar to Rayleigh scattering, in that the intensity of the scattered light depends on the fourth power of the frequency, so blue light is scattered much more strongly than red light. An example in everyday life is the blue colour sometimes seen in the smoke emitted by motorcycles, in particular two-stroke machines where the burnt engine oil provides these
5a66dfd9e5df06756f5805366e67dedf
Georges Méliès Marie-Georges-Jean Méliès, known as Georges Méliès ( ; ] ; 8 December 1861 – 21 January 1938), was a French illusionist and film director who led many technical and narrative developments in the earliest days of cinema. Méliès was an especially prolific innovator in the use of special effects, popularizing such techniques as substitution splices, multiple exposures, time-lapse photography, dissolves, and hand-painted color. He was also one of the first filmmakers to use storyboards. His films include "A Trip to the Moon" (1902) and "The Impossible Voyage" (1904), both involving strange, surreal journeys somewhat in the style of Jules Verne, and are considered among the most important early science fiction films, though their approach is closer to fantasy.
27c0d50263cbe113a559cd79d7cfb594
Louis Le Prince Louis Aimé Augustin Le Prince (] ; 28 August 1841 – vanished 16 September 1890) was a French inventor who shot the first moving pictures on paper film using a single lens camera. He has been heralded as the "Father of Cinematography" since 1930.
21da0aacf670f49335719c8604f8f62c
Holographic interference microscopy (HIM) is holographic interferometry applied for microscopy for visualization of phase micro-objects. Phase micro-objects are invisible because they do not change intensity of light, they insert only invisible phase shifts. The holographic interference microscopy distinguishes itself from other microscopy methods by using a hologram and the interference for converting invisible phase shifts into intensity changes.
4bdd6ba1ebdf6bd00e27aa3d8cf45cdf
Georges Nomarski Georges (Jerzy) Nomarski (January 6, 1919 – 1997) was a Polish and naturalized-French physicist and optics theoretician. Creator of Nomarski interference contrast (NIC) or differential interference contrast (DIC) microscopy, the method is widely used to study live biological specimens and unstained tissues.
5018ece046a15ee0d3a07fac6f825712
Fabry–Pérot interferometer In optics, a Fabry–Pérot interferometer (FPI) or etalon is typically made of a transparent plate with two reflecting surfaces, or two parallel highly reflecting mirrors. (Precisely, the former is an etalon and the latter is an interferometer, but the terminology is often used inconsistently.) Its transmission spectrum as a function of wavelength exhibits peaks of large transmission corresponding to resonances of the etalon. It is named after Charles Fabry and Alfred Perot, who developed the instrument in 1899. "Etalon" is from the French "étalon", meaning "measuring gauge" or "standard".
8a40c6c72be4ff6a58665e89072a0b9c
Abstract photography Abstract photography, sometimes called non-objective, experimental, conceptual or concrete photography, is a means of depicting a visual image that does not have an immediate association with the object world and that has been created through the use of photographic equipment, processes or materials. An abstract photograph may isolate a fragment of a natural scene in order to remove its inherent context from the viewer, it may be purposely staged to create a seemingly unreal appearance from real objects, or it may involve the use of color, light, shadow, texture, shape and/or form to convey a feeling, sensation or impression. The image may be produced using traditional photographic equipment like a camera, darkroom or computer, or it may be created without using a camera by directly manipulating film, paper or other photographic media, including digital presentations.