Datasets:
clinicalnlplab
/
NCBI_disease_train

Dataset card Data Studio Files Community
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In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities. ### Entity Markup Guides: Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease. ### Input Text: The deduced protein sequence shows significant sequence identity to a peroxisomal membrane protein of M ( r ) 70K that is involved in peroxisome biogenesis and belongs to the ATP - binding cassette superfamily of transporters . . ### Output Text:
The deduced protein sequence shows significant sequence identity to a peroxisomal membrane protein of M ( r ) 70K that is involved in peroxisome biogenesis and belongs to the ATP - binding cassette superfamily of transporters . .
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities. ### Entity Markup Guides: Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease. ### Input Text: Targeted modification of the apolipoprotein B gene results in hypobetalipoproteinemia and developmental abnormalities in mice . ### Output Text:
Targeted modification of the apolipoprotein B gene results in <span class="disease">hypobetalipoproteinemia</span> and <span class="disease">developmental abnormalities</span> in mice .
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities. ### Entity Markup Guides: Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease. ### Input Text: Familial hypobetalipoproteinemia is an autosomal codominant disorder resulting in a dramatic reduction in plasma concentrations of apolipoprotein ( apo ) B , cholesterol , and beta - migrating lipoproteins . ### Output Text:
<span class="disease">Familial hypobetalipoproteinemia</span> is an <span class="disease">autosomal codominant disorder</span> resulting in a dramatic reduction in plasma concentrations of apolipoprotein ( apo ) B , cholesterol , and beta - migrating lipoproteins .
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities. ### Entity Markup Guides: Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease. ### Input Text: A benefit of hypobetalipoproteinemia is that mildly affected individuals may be protected from coronary vascular disease . ### Output Text:
A benefit of <span class="disease">hypobetalipoproteinemia</span> is that mildly affected individuals may be protected from <span class="disease">coronary vascular disease</span> .
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities. ### Entity Markup Guides: Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease. ### Input Text: We have used gene targeting to generate mice with a modified Apob allele . ### Output Text:
We have used gene targeting to generate mice with a modified Apob allele .
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities. ### Entity Markup Guides: Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease. ### Input Text: Mice containing this allele display all of the hallmarks of human hypobetalipoproteinemia they produce a truncated apoB protein , apoB70 , and have markedly decreased plasma concentrations of apoB , beta - lipoproteins , and total cholesterol . ### Output Text:
Mice containing this allele display all of the hallmarks of human <span class="disease">hypobetalipoproteinemia</span> they produce a truncated apoB protein , apoB70 , and have markedly decreased plasma concentrations of apoB , beta - lipoproteins , and total cholesterol .
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities. ### Entity Markup Guides: Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease. ### Input Text: In addition , the mice manifest several characteristics that are occasionally observed in human hypobetalipoproteinemia , including reduced plasma triglyceride concentrations , fasting chylomicronemia , and reduced high density lipoprotein cholesterol . ### Output Text:
In addition , the mice manifest several characteristics that are occasionally observed in human <span class="disease">hypobetalipoproteinemia</span> , including reduced plasma triglyceride concentrations , fasting <span class="disease">chylomicronemia</span> , and reduced high density lipoprotein cholesterol .
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities. ### Entity Markup Guides: Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease. ### Input Text: An unexpected finding is that the modified Apob allele is strongly associated with exencephalus and hydrocephalus . ### Output Text:
An unexpected finding is that the modified Apob allele is strongly associated with <span class="disease">exencephalus</span> and <span class="disease">hydrocephalus</span> .
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities. ### Entity Markup Guides: Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease. ### Input Text: These mice should help increase our understanding of hypobetalipoproteinemia , atherogenesis , and the etiology of exencephalus and hydrocephalus . . ### Output Text:
These mice should help increase our understanding of <span class="disease">hypobetalipoproteinemia</span> , <span class="disease">atherogenesis</span> , and the etiology of <span class="disease">exencephalus</span> and <span class="disease">hydrocephalus</span> . .
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities. ### Entity Markup Guides: Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease. ### Input Text: A novel disease with deficiency of mitochondrial very - long - chain acyl - CoA dehydrogenase . ### Output Text:
A novel disease with <span class="disease">deficiency of mitochondrial very - long - chain acyl - CoA dehydrogenase</span> .
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities. ### Entity Markup Guides: Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease. ### Input Text: Palmitoyl - CoA dehydrogenase activity in skin fibroblasts from seven patients with unidentified defects of fatty acid oxidation was measured in the presence and absence of antibodies against medium - chain , long - chain , and very - long - chain acyl - CoA dehydrogenases ( VLCAD ) . ### Output Text:
Palmitoyl - CoA dehydrogenase activity in skin fibroblasts from seven patients with unidentified defects of fatty acid oxidation was measured in the presence and absence of antibodies against medium - chain , long - chain , and very - long - chain acyl - CoA dehydrogenases ( VLCAD ) .
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities. ### Entity Markup Guides: Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease. ### Input Text: Two of the patients , 4 - 5 month old boys , were found to have a novel disease , VLCAD deficiency , as judged from the results of very low palmitoyl - CoA dehydrogenase activity and the lack of immunoreactivity toward antibody raised to purified VLCAD . . ### Output Text:
Two of the patients , 4 - 5 month old boys , were found to have a novel disease , <span class="disease">VLCAD deficiency</span> , as judged from the results of very low palmitoyl - CoA dehydrogenase activity and the lack of immunoreactivity toward antibody raised to purified VLCAD . .
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities. ### Entity Markup Guides: Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease. ### Input Text: Molecular characterization of glucose - 6 - phosphate dehydrogenase ( G6PD ) deficiency in patients of Chinese descent and identification of new base substitutions in the human G6PD gene . ### Output Text:
Molecular characterization of <span class="disease">glucose - 6 - phosphate dehydrogenase ( G6PD ) deficiency</span> in patients of Chinese descent and identification of new base substitutions in the human G6PD gene .
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities. ### Entity Markup Guides: Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease. ### Input Text: The underlying DNA changes associated with glucose - 6 - phosphate dehydrogenase ( G6PD ) - deficient Asians have not been extensively investigated . ### Output Text:
The underlying DNA changes associated with <span class="disease">glucose - 6 - phosphate dehydrogenase ( G6PD ) - deficient</span> Asians have not been extensively investigated .
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities. ### Entity Markup Guides: Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease. ### Input Text: To fill this gap , we sequenced the G6PD gene of 43 G6PD - deficient Chinese whose G6PD was well characterized biochemically . ### Output Text:
To fill this gap , we sequenced the G6PD gene of 43 <span class="disease">G6PD - deficient</span> Chinese whose G6PD was well characterized biochemically .
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities. ### Entity Markup Guides: Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease. ### Input Text: DNA samples were obtained from peripheral blood of these individuals for sequencing using a direct polymerase chain reaction ( PCR ) sequencing procedure . ### Output Text:
DNA samples were obtained from peripheral blood of these individuals for sequencing using a direct polymerase chain reaction ( PCR ) sequencing procedure .
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities. ### Entity Markup Guides: Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease. ### Input Text: From these 43 samples , we have identified five different types of nucleotide substitutions in the G6PD gene at cDNA 1388 from G to A ( Arg to His ) ; at cDNA 1376 from G to T ( Arg to Leu ) ; at cDNA 1024 from C to T ( Leu to Phe ) ; at cDNA 392 from G to T ( Gly to Val ) ; at cDNA 95 from A to G ( His to Arg ) . ### Output Text:
From these 43 samples , we have identified five different types of nucleotide substitutions in the G6PD gene at cDNA 1388 from G to A ( Arg to His ) ; at cDNA 1376 from G to T ( Arg to Leu ) ; at cDNA 1024 from C to T ( Leu to Phe ) ; at cDNA 392 from G to T ( Gly to Val ) ; at cDNA 95 from A to G ( His to Arg ) .
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities. ### Entity Markup Guides: Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease. ### Input Text: These five nucleotide substitutions account for over 83 % of our 43 G6PD - deficient samples and these substitutions have not been reported in non - Asians . ### Output Text:
These five nucleotide substitutions account for over 83 % of our 43 <span class="disease">G6PD - deficient</span> samples and these substitutions have not been reported in non - Asians .
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities. ### Entity Markup Guides: Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease. ### Input Text: The substitutions found at cDNA 392 and cDNA 1024 are new findings . ### Output Text:
The substitutions found at cDNA 392 and cDNA 1024 are new findings .
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities. ### Entity Markup Guides: Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease. ### Input Text: The substitutions at cDNA 1376 and 1388 account for over 50 % of the 43 samples examined indicating a high prevalence of these two alleles among G6PD - deficient Chinese . ### Output Text:
The substitutions at cDNA 1376 and 1388 account for over 50 % of the 43 samples examined indicating a high prevalence of these two alleles among <span class="disease">G6PD - deficient</span> Chinese .
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities. ### Entity Markup Guides: Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease. ### Input Text: Our findings add support to the notion that diverse point mutations may account largely for much of the phenotypic heterogeneity of G6PD deficiency . . ### Output Text:
Our findings add support to the notion that diverse point mutations may account largely for much of the phenotypic heterogeneity of <span class="disease">G6PD deficiency</span> . .
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities. ### Entity Markup Guides: Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease. ### Input Text: Identification of mutations in Danish choroideremia families . ### Output Text:
Identification of mutations in Danish <span class="disease">choroideremia</span> families .
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities. ### Entity Markup Guides: Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease. ### Input Text: We have searched for mutations in the choroideremia gene ( CHM ) in patients from 12 Danish families in which CHM is segregating . ### Output Text:
We have searched for mutations in the <span class="disease">choroideremia</span> gene ( <span class="disease">CHM</span> ) in patients from 12 Danish families in which <span class="disease">CHM</span> is segregating .
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities. ### Entity Markup Guides: Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease. ### Input Text: Employing polymerase chain reaction ( PCR ) , single strand conformation polymorphism ( SSCP ) analysis , and direct DNA sequencing , different mutations have been identified in 6 patients . ### Output Text:
Employing polymerase chain reaction ( PCR ) , single strand conformation polymorphism ( SSCP ) analysis , and direct DNA sequencing , different mutations have been identified in 6 patients .
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities. ### Entity Markup Guides: Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease. ### Input Text: All the mutations will interfere with the correct translation of the mRNA predicting a truncated protein or no gene product at all . . ### Output Text:
All the mutations will interfere with the correct translation of the mRNA predicting a truncated protein or no gene product at all . .
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities. ### Entity Markup Guides: Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease. ### Input Text: Structure and genomic sequence of the myotonic dystrophy ( DM kinase ) gene . ### Output Text:
Structure and genomic sequence of the <span class="disease">myotonic dystrophy</span> ( <span class="disease">DM</span> kinase ) gene .
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities. ### Entity Markup Guides: Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease. ### Input Text: The mutation causing myotonic dystrophy ( DM ) has recently been identified as an unstable CTG trinucleotide repeat located in the 3 untranslated region of a gene encoding for a protein with putative serine - threonine protein kinase activity . ### Output Text:
The mutation causing <span class="disease">myotonic dystrophy</span> ( <span class="disease">DM</span> ) has recently been identified as an unstable CTG trinucleotide repeat located in the 3 untranslated region of a gene encoding for a protein with putative serine - threonine protein kinase activity .
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities. ### Entity Markup Guides: Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease. ### Input Text: In this report we present the genomic sequences of the human and murine DM kinase gene . ### Output Text:
In this report we present the genomic sequences of the human and murine <span class="disease">DM</span> kinase gene .
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities. ### Entity Markup Guides: Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease. ### Input Text: A comparison of these sequences with each other and with known cDNA sequences from both species , led us to predict a translation initiation codon , as well as determine the organization of the DM kinase gene . ### Output Text:
A comparison of these sequences with each other and with known cDNA sequences from both species , led us to predict a translation initiation codon , as well as determine the organization of the <span class="disease">DM</span> kinase gene .
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities. ### Entity Markup Guides: Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease. ### Input Text: Several polymorphisms within the human DM kinase gene have been identified , and PCR assays to detect two of these are described . ### Output Text:
Several polymorphisms within the human <span class="disease">DM</span> kinase gene have been identified , and PCR assays to detect two of these are described .
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities. ### Entity Markup Guides: Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease. ### Input Text: The complete sequence and characterization of the structure of the DM kinase gene , as well as the identification of novel polymorphisms within the gene , represent an important step in a further understanding of the genetics of myotonic dystrophy and the molecular biology of the gene . . ### Output Text:
The complete sequence and characterization of the structure of the <span class="disease">DM</span> kinase gene , as well as the identification of novel polymorphisms within the gene , represent an important step in a further understanding of the genetics of <span class="disease">myotonic dystrophy</span> and the molecular biology of the gene . .
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities. ### Entity Markup Guides: Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease. ### Input Text: Autosomal recessive transmission of hemophilia A due to a von Willebrand factor mutation . ### Output Text:
Autosomal recessive transmission of <span class="disease">hemophilia A</span> due to a <span class="disease">von Willebrand</span> factor mutation .
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities. ### Entity Markup Guides: Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease. ### Input Text: The differential diagnosis of the genetic bleeding disorders , hemophilia A and von Willebrand disease , is occasionally confounded by the close molecular relationship of coagulation factor VIII and von Willebrand factor ( vWF ) . ### Output Text:
The differential diagnosis of the <span class="disease">genetic bleeding disorders</span> , <span class="disease">hemophilia A</span> and <span class="disease">von Willebrand disease</span> , is occasionally confounded by the close molecular relationship of coagulation factor VIII and <span class="disease">von Willebrand</span> factor ( vWF ) .
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities. ### Entity Markup Guides: Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease. ### Input Text: This report describes the autosomal inheritance of a hemophilia A phenotype due to a mutation of vWF that results in defective factor VIII binding . ### Output Text:
This report describes the autosomal inheritance of a <span class="disease">hemophilia A</span> phenotype due to a mutation of vWF that results in defective factor VIII binding .
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities. ### Entity Markup Guides: Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease. ### Input Text: The proband was a female patient with low levels of factor VIII activity . ### Output Text:
The proband was a female patient with low levels of factor VIII activity .
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities. ### Entity Markup Guides: Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease. ### Input Text: Polymerase chain reaction ( PCR ) amplification and DNA sequencing were employed to examine exons encoding the putative factor VIII binding domain of vWF . ### Output Text:
Polymerase chain reaction ( PCR ) amplification and DNA sequencing were employed to examine exons encoding the putative factor VIII binding domain of vWF .
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities. ### Entity Markup Guides: Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease. ### Input Text: The patient was found to be homozygous for a single point mutation causing a Thr - - > Met substitution at amino acid position 28 in the mature vWF subunit . ### Output Text:
The patient was found to be homozygous for a single point mutation causing a Thr - - > Met substitution at amino acid position 28 in the mature vWF subunit .
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities. ### Entity Markup Guides: Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease. ### Input Text: The phenotypic expression of the mutation was determined to be recessive because heterozygous family members were clinically unaffected . ### Output Text:
The phenotypic expression of the mutation was determined to be recessive because heterozygous family members were clinically unaffected .
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities. ### Entity Markup Guides: Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease. ### Input Text: Recombinant vWF containing the observed amino acid substitution was expressed in COS - 1 cells . ### Output Text:
Recombinant vWF containing the observed amino acid substitution was expressed in COS - 1 cells .
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities. ### Entity Markup Guides: Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease. ### Input Text: The mutant vWF was processed and secreted normally , and was functionally equivalent to wild - type vWF in its ability to bind to platelets . ### Output Text:
The mutant vWF was processed and secreted normally , and was functionally equivalent to wild - type vWF in its ability to bind to platelets .
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities. ### Entity Markup Guides: Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease. ### Input Text: However , the mutant failed to bind factor VIII , demonstrating that the mutation was functionally related to the observed hemophilia phenotype . ### Output Text:
However , the mutant failed to bind factor VIII , demonstrating that the mutation was functionally related to the observed <span class="disease">hemophilia</span> phenotype .
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities. ### Entity Markup Guides: Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease. ### Input Text: The family we describe demonstrates the recessive inheritance of a recently recognized class of genetic bleeding disorders , we call " autosomal hemophilia . ### Output Text:
The family we describe demonstrates the recessive inheritance of a recently recognized class of genetic bleeding disorders , we call " autosomal <span class="disease">hemophilia</span> .
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities. ### Entity Markup Guides: Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease. ### Input Text: " We conclude that vWF mutation may be an under recognized cause of hemophilia , especially in cases where the inheritance pattern is not consistent with X - linked transmission . ### Output Text:
" We conclude that vWF mutation may be an under recognized cause of <span class="disease">hemophilia</span> , especially in cases where the inheritance pattern is not consistent with X - linked transmission .
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities. ### Entity Markup Guides: Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease. ### Input Text: Somatic von Hippel - Lindau mutation in clear cell papillary cystadenoma of the epididymis . ### Output Text:
Somatic <span class="disease">von Hippel - Lindau</span> mutation in clear cell <span class="disease">papillary cystadenoma of the epididymis</span> .
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities. ### Entity Markup Guides: Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease. ### Input Text: Papillary cystadenoma of the epididymis is an uncommon benign lesion that may occur sporadically or as a manifestation of von Hippel - Lindau ( VHL ) disease . ### Output Text:
<span class="disease">Papillary cystadenoma of the epididymis</span> is an uncommon benign lesion that may occur sporadically or as a manifestation of <span class="disease">von Hippel - Lindau ( VHL ) disease</span> .
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities. ### Entity Markup Guides: Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease. ### Input Text: Neither immunohistochemical studies nor molecular genetic analyses of the VHL gene have been reported previously for this lesion . ### Output Text:
Neither immunohistochemical studies nor molecular genetic analyses of the <span class="disease">VHL</span> gene have been reported previously for this lesion .
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities. ### Entity Markup Guides: Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease. ### Input Text: The authors describe two cases of clear cell papillary cystadenoma of the epididymis , both of which were initially confused with metastatic renal cell carcinoma . ### Output Text:
The authors describe two cases of clear cell <span class="disease">papillary cystadenoma of the epididymis</span> , both of which were initially confused with <span class="disease">metastatic renal cell carcinoma</span> .
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities. ### Entity Markup Guides: Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease. ### Input Text: Both lesions showed positive immunohistochemical staining for low and intermediate molecular weight keratins ( Cam 5 . 2 and AE1 / AE3 ) , EMA , vimentin , alpha 1 - antitrypsin , and alpha 1 - antichymotrypsin . ### Output Text:
Both lesions showed positive immunohistochemical staining for low and intermediate molecular weight keratins ( Cam 5 . 2 and AE1 / AE3 ) , EMA , vimentin , alpha 1 - antitrypsin , and alpha 1 - antichymotrypsin .
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities. ### Entity Markup Guides: Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease. ### Input Text: Each was negative for CEA . ### Output Text:
Each was negative for CEA .
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities. ### Entity Markup Guides: Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease. ### Input Text: Because clear cell papillary cystadenoma is similar to renal cell carcinoma histologically , and because both occur as components of the von Hippel - Lindau disease complex , the authors analyzed both cases for the presence of mutations in the VHL gene . ### Output Text:
Because clear cell <span class="disease">papillary cystadenoma</span> is similar to <span class="disease">renal cell carcinoma</span> histologically , and because both occur as components of the <span class="disease">von Hippel - Lindau disease</span> complex , the authors analyzed both cases for the presence of mutations in the <span class="disease">VHL</span> gene .
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities. ### Entity Markup Guides: Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease. ### Input Text: A somatic VHL gene mutation was detected in one of the two tumors by polymerase chain reaction followed by single - strand conformation polymorphism analysis . ### Output Text:
A somatic <span class="disease">VHL</span> gene mutation was detected in one of the two <span class="disease">tumors</span> by polymerase chain reaction followed by single - strand conformation polymorphism analysis .
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities. ### Entity Markup Guides: Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease. ### Input Text: Direct sequencing revealed a cytosine to thymine transition at nucleotide 694 , resulting in the replacement of an arginine with a stop codon after the sixth amino acid of exon 3 . ### Output Text:
Direct sequencing revealed a cytosine to thymine transition at nucleotide 694 , resulting in the replacement of an arginine with a stop codon after the sixth amino acid of exon 3 .
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities. ### Entity Markup Guides: Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease. ### Input Text: As the VHL gene is believed to function as a tumor suppressor gene , VHL gene mutations may play a role in the initiation of tumorigenesis in sporadic cystadenomas of the epididymis . ### Output Text:
As the <span class="disease">VHL</span> gene is believed to function as a <span class="disease">tumor</span> suppressor gene , <span class="disease">VHL</span> gene mutations may play a role in the initiation of tumorigenesis in sporadic <span class="disease">cystadenomas of the epididymis</span> .
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities. ### Entity Markup Guides: Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease. ### Input Text: Identification of WASP mutations in patients with Wiskott - Aldrich syndrome and isolated thrombocytopenia reveals allelic heterogeneity at the WAS locus . ### Output Text:
Identification of WASP mutations in patients with <span class="disease">Wiskott - Aldrich syndrome</span> and <span class="disease">isolated thrombocytopenia</span> reveals allelic heterogeneity at the <span class="disease">WAS</span> locus .
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities. ### Entity Markup Guides: Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease. ### Input Text: Mutation in the gene encoding the recently isolated WASP protein has now been identified as the genetic defect responsible for the X - linked Wiskott - Aldrich syndrome ( WAS ) , a primary immunodeficiency disease associated with extensive phenotypic variability . ### Output Text:
Mutation in the gene encoding the recently isolated WASP protein has now been identified as the <span class="disease">genetic defect</span> responsible for the <span class="disease">X - linked Wiskott - Aldrich syndrome</span> ( <span class="disease">WAS</span> ) , a primary <span class="disease">immunodeficiency disease</span> associated with extensive phenotypic variability .
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities. ### Entity Markup Guides: Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease. ### Input Text: To elucidate the range of WASP mutations responsible for WAS , we used PCR - SSCP analysis to screen for WASP gene mutation in 19 unrelated boys with the diagnosis of classical or attenuated WAS or isolated thrombocytopenia . ### Output Text:
To elucidate the range of WASP mutations responsible for <span class="disease">WAS</span> , we used PCR - SSCP analysis to screen for WASP gene mutation in 19 unrelated boys with the diagnosis of classical or attenuated <span class="disease">WAS</span> or <span class="disease">isolated thrombocytopenia</span> .
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities. ### Entity Markup Guides: Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease. ### Input Text: All 19 patients had WASP mutations , each of which localized to the initial three or terminal three exons of the gene , and the majority of which were unique in each case . ### Output Text:
All 19 patients had WASP mutations , each of which localized to the initial three or terminal three exons of the gene , and the majority of which were unique in each case .
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities. ### Entity Markup Guides: Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease. ### Input Text: However , a missense mutation which results in substitution of the arginine at WAS codon 86 was identified in three boys with severe WAS as well as in one boy presenting with thrombocytopenia alone . ### Output Text:
However , a missense mutation which results in substitution of the arginine at <span class="disease">WAS</span> codon 86 was identified in three boys with severe <span class="disease">WAS</span> as well as in one boy presenting with <span class="disease">thrombocytopenia</span> alone .
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities. ### Entity Markup Guides: Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease. ### Input Text: While the three mutations found in the isolated thrombocytopenia patients leave the reading frame intact , about one - half of the gene alterations detected in both severe and attenuated WAS patients result in frameshifted transcript and premature translation termination . ### Output Text:
While the three mutations found in the <span class="disease">isolated thrombocytopenia</span> patients leave the reading frame intact , about one - half of the gene alterations detected in both severe and attenuated <span class="disease">WAS</span> patients result in frameshifted transcript and premature translation termination .
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities. ### Entity Markup Guides: Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease. ### Input Text: These findings therefore confirm the association of WAS with WASP mutation and identify WASP mutation as a cause for isolated congenital thrombocytopenia in males . ### Output Text:
These findings therefore confirm the association of <span class="disease">WAS</span> with WASP mutation and identify WASP mutation as a cause for isolated <span class="disease">congenital thrombocytopenia</span> in males .
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities. ### Entity Markup Guides: Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease. ### Input Text: While the WASP gene defects responsible for isolated thrombocytopenia and other mild presentations of WAS do not appear distinct from those resulting in severe WAS , these data indicate that analysis of WASP gene mutation provides a valuable tool for distinguishing the spectrum of WAS patients and the subset of males with isolated thrombocytopenia who represent mild cases of WAS . . ### Output Text:
While the WASP gene defects responsible for <span class="disease">isolated thrombocytopenia</span> and other mild presentations of <span class="disease">WAS</span> do not appear distinct from those resulting in severe <span class="disease">WAS</span> , these data indicate that analysis of WASP gene mutation provides a valuable tool for distinguishing the spectrum of <span class="disease">WAS</span> patients and the subset of males with <span class="disease">isolated thrombocytopenia</span> who represent mild cases of <span class="disease">WAS</span> . .
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities. ### Entity Markup Guides: Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease. ### Input Text: WASP gene mutations in Wiskott - Aldrich syndrome and X - linked thrombocytopenia . ### Output Text:
WASP gene mutations in <span class="disease">Wiskott - Aldrich syndrome</span> and <span class="disease">X - linked thrombocytopenia</span> .
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities. ### Entity Markup Guides: Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease. ### Input Text: The WASP gene has been recently cloned from Xp11 . ### Output Text:
The WASP gene has been recently cloned from Xp11 .
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities. ### Entity Markup Guides: Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease. ### Input Text: 23 and shown to be mutated in three patients with the Wiskott - Aldrich syndrome ( WAS ) . ### Output Text:
23 and shown to be mutated in three patients with the <span class="disease">Wiskott - Aldrich syndrome</span> ( <span class="disease">WAS</span> ) .
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities. ### Entity Markup Guides: Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease. ### Input Text: We have developed a screening protocol for identifying WASP gene alterations in genomic DNA and have identified a spectrum of novel mutations in 12 additional unrelated families . ### Output Text:
We have developed a screening protocol for identifying WASP gene alterations in genomic DNA and have identified a spectrum of novel mutations in 12 additional unrelated families .
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities. ### Entity Markup Guides: Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease. ### Input Text: These missense , nonsense and frameshift mutations involve eight of the 12 exons of the gene . ### Output Text:
These missense , nonsense and frameshift mutations involve eight of the 12 exons of the gene .
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities. ### Entity Markup Guides: Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease. ### Input Text: Two mutations creating premature termination codons were associated with lack of detectable mRNA on Northern blots . ### Output Text:
Two mutations creating premature termination codons were associated with lack of detectable mRNA on Northern blots .
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities. ### Entity Markup Guides: Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease. ### Input Text: Four amino acid substitutions , Leu27Phe , Thr48Ile , Val75Met and Arg477Lys , were found in patients with congenital thrombocytopenia and no clinically evident immune defect indicating that the WASP gene is the site for mutations in X - linked thrombocytopenia as well as in WAS . ### Output Text:
Four amino acid substitutions , Leu27Phe , Thr48Ile , Val75Met and Arg477Lys , were found in patients with <span class="disease">congenital thrombocytopenia</span> and no clinically evident immune defect indicating that the WASP gene is the site for mutations in <span class="disease">X - linked thrombocytopenia</span> as well as in <span class="disease">WAS</span> .
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities. ### Entity Markup Guides: Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease. ### Input Text: A T - cell line from a WAS patient contained two independent DNA alterations , a constitutional frameshift mutation , also present in peripheral blood leukocytes from the patient , and compensatory splice site mutation unique to the cell line . ### Output Text:
A T - cell line from a <span class="disease">WAS</span> patient contained two independent DNA alterations , a constitutional frameshift mutation , also present in peripheral blood leukocytes from the patient , and compensatory splice site mutation unique to the cell line .
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities. ### Entity Markup Guides: Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease. ### Input Text: The distribution of eight missense mutations provides valuable information on amino acids which are essential for normal protein function , and suggests that sites in the first two exons are hot - spots for mutation . ### Output Text:
The distribution of eight missense mutations provides valuable information on amino acids which are essential for normal protein function , and suggests that sites in the first two exons are hot - spots for mutation .
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities. ### Entity Markup Guides: Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease. ### Input Text: Evidence for inter - generational instability in the CAG repeat in the MJD1 gene and for conserved haplotypes at flanking markers amongst Japanese and Caucasian subjects with Machado - Joseph disease . ### Output Text:
Evidence for inter - generational instability in the CAG repeat in the MJD1 gene and for conserved haplotypes at flanking markers amongst Japanese and Caucasian subjects with <span class="disease">Machado - Joseph disease</span> .
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities. ### Entity Markup Guides: Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease. ### Input Text: The size of the ( CAG ) n repeat array in the 3 ' end of the MJD1 gene and the haplotype at a series of microsatellite markers surrounding the MJD1 gene were examined in a large cohort of Japanese and Caucasian subjects affected with Machado - Joseph disease ( MJD ) . ### Output Text:
The size of the ( CAG ) n repeat array in the 3 ' end of the MJD1 gene and the haplotype at a series of microsatellite markers surrounding the MJD1 gene were examined in a large cohort of Japanese and Caucasian subjects affected with <span class="disease">Machado - Joseph disease</span> ( <span class="disease">MJD</span> ) .
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities. ### Entity Markup Guides: Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease. ### Input Text: Our data provide five novel observations . ### Output Text:
Our data provide five novel observations .
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities. ### Entity Markup Guides: Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease. ### Input Text: First , MJD is associated with expansion fo the array from the normal range of 14 - 37 repeats to 68 - 84 repeats in most Japanese and Caucasian subjects , but no subjects were observed with expansions intermediate in size between those of the normal and MJD affected groups . ### Output Text:
First , <span class="disease">MJD</span> is associated with expansion fo the array from the normal range of 14 - 37 repeats to 68 - 84 repeats in most Japanese and Caucasian subjects , but no subjects were observed with expansions intermediate in size between those of the normal and <span class="disease">MJD</span> affected groups .
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities. ### Entity Markup Guides: Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease. ### Input Text: Second , the expanded allele associated with MJD displays inter - generational instability , particularly in male meioses , and this instability was associated with the clinical phenomenon of anticipation . ### Output Text:
Second , the expanded allele associated with <span class="disease">MJD</span> displays inter - generational instability , particularly in male meioses , and this instability was associated with the clinical phenomenon of anticipation .
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities. ### Entity Markup Guides: Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease. ### Input Text: Third , the size of the expanded allele is not only inversely correlated with the age - of - onset of MJD ( r = - 0 . 738 , p < 0 . 001 ) , but is also correlated with the frequency of other clinical features [ e . g . pseudoexophthalmos and pyramidal signs were more frequent in subjects with large repeats ( p < 0 . 001 and p < 0 . 05 respectively ) ] . ### Output Text:
Third , the size of the expanded allele is not only inversely correlated with the age - of - onset of <span class="disease">MJD</span> ( r = - 0 . 738 , p < 0 . 001 ) , but is also correlated with the frequency of other clinical features [ e . g . pseudoexophthalmos and pyramidal signs were more frequent in subjects with large repeats ( p < 0 . 001 and p < 0 . 05 respectively ) ] .
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities. ### Entity Markup Guides: Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease. ### Input Text: Fourth , the disease phenotype is significantly more severe and had an early age of onset ( 16 years ) in a subject homozygous for the expanded allele , which contrasts with Huntington disease and suggests that the expanded allele in the MJD1 gene could exert its effect either by a dominant negative effect ( putatively excluded in HD ) or by a gain of function effect as proposed for HD . ### Output Text:
Fourth , the disease phenotype is significantly more severe and had an early age of onset ( 16 years ) in a subject homozygous for the expanded allele , which contrasts with <span class="disease">Huntington disease</span> and suggests that the expanded allele in the MJD1 gene could exert its effect either by a dominant negative effect ( putatively excluded in <span class="disease">HD</span> ) or by a gain of function effect as proposed for <span class="disease">HD</span> .
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities. ### Entity Markup Guides: Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease. ### Input Text: Finally , Japanese and Caucasian subjects affected with MJD share haplotypes at several markers surrounding the MJD1 gene , which are uncommon in the normal Japanese and Caucasian population , and which suggests the existence either of common founders in these populations or of chromosomes susceptible to pathologic expansion of the CAG repeat in the MJD1 gene . ### Output Text:
Finally , Japanese and Caucasian subjects affected with <span class="disease">MJD</span> share haplotypes at several markers surrounding the MJD1 gene , which are uncommon in the normal Japanese and Caucasian population , and which suggests the existence either of common founders in these populations or of chromosomes susceptible to pathologic expansion of the CAG repeat in the MJD1 gene .
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities. ### Entity Markup Guides: Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease. ### Input Text: A 4 - megabase YAC contig that spans the Langer - Giedion syndrome region on human chromosome 8q24 . 1 : use in refining the location of the trichorhinophalangeal syndrome and multiple exostoses genes ( TRPS1 and EXT1 ) . ### Output Text:
A 4 - megabase YAC contig that spans the <span class="disease">Langer - Giedion syndrome</span> region on human chromosome 8q24 . 1 : use in refining the location of the <span class="disease">trichorhinophalangeal syndrome</span> and multiple exostoses genes ( TRPS1 and EXT1 ) .
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities. ### Entity Markup Guides: Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease. ### Input Text: We have constructed a physical map covering over 4 Mb of human chromosome 8q24 . ### Output Text:
We have constructed a physical map covering over 4 Mb of human chromosome 8q24 .
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities. ### Entity Markup Guides: Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease. ### Input Text: 1 and used this map to refine the locations of the genes responsible for Langer - Giedion syndrome . ### Output Text:
1 and used this map to refine the locations of the genes responsible for <span class="disease">Langer - Giedion syndrome</span> .
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities. ### Entity Markup Guides: Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease. ### Input Text: The map is composed of overlapping YAC clones that were identified and ordered in relation to sequence tagged sites mapped to the Langer - Giedion chromosomal region on somatic cell hybrids . ### Output Text:
The map is composed of overlapping YAC clones that were identified and ordered in relation to sequence tagged sites mapped to the Langer - Giedion chromosomal region on somatic cell hybrids .
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities. ### Entity Markup Guides: Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease. ### Input Text: The minimal region of overlap of Langer - Giedion syndrome deletions , previously identified by analysis of 15 patients , was placed on the map by analysis of 2 patients whose deletions define the endpoints . ### Output Text:
The minimal region of overlap of <span class="disease">Langer - Giedion syndrome</span> deletions , previously identified by analysis of 15 patients , was placed on the map by analysis of 2 patients whose deletions define the endpoints .
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities. ### Entity Markup Guides: Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease. ### Input Text: The chromosome 8 breakpoint of a balanced t ( 8 ; 9 ) ( q24 . 11 ; q33 . 3 ) translocation from a patient with trichorhinophalangeal syndrome ( TRPS I ) was found to be located just within the proximal end of the minimal deletion region . ### Output Text:
The chromosome 8 breakpoint of a balanced t ( 8 ; 9 ) ( q24 . 11 ; q33 . 3 ) translocation from a patient with <span class="disease">trichorhinophalangeal syndrome</span> ( <span class="disease">TRPS</span> I ) was found to be located just within the proximal end of the minimal deletion region .
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities. ### Entity Markup Guides: Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease. ### Input Text: A deletion of 8q24 . ### Output Text:
A deletion of 8q24 .
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities. ### Entity Markup Guides: Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease. ### Input Text: 11 - q24 . ### Output Text:
11 - q24 .
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities. ### Entity Markup Guides: Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease. ### Input Text: 3 in a patient with multiple exostoses was found to overlap the distal end of the LGS deletion region , indicating that the EXT1 gene is distal to the TRPS1 gene and supporting the hypothesis that Langer - Giedion syndrome is due to loss of functional copies of both the TRPS1 and the EXT1 genes ### Output Text:
3 in a patient with multiple exostoses was found to overlap the distal end of the <span class="disease">LGS</span> deletion region , indicating that the EXT1 gene is distal to the TRPS1 gene and supporting the hypothesis that <span class="disease">Langer - Giedion syndrome</span> is due to loss of functional copies of both the TRPS1 and the EXT1 genes
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities. ### Entity Markup Guides: Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease. ### Input Text: BRCA1 mutations in a population - based sample of young women with breast cancer . ### Output Text:
BRCA1 mutations in a population - based sample of young women with <span class="disease">breast cancer</span> .
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities. ### Entity Markup Guides: Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease. ### Input Text: BACKGROUND . ### Output Text:
BACKGROUND .
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities. ### Entity Markup Guides: Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease. ### Input Text: Inherited mutations in the BRCA1 gene are associated with a high risk of breast and ovarian cancer in some families . ### Output Text:
Inherited mutations in the BRCA1 gene are associated with a high risk of <span class="disease">breast and ovarian cancer</span> in some families .
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities. ### Entity Markup Guides: Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease. ### Input Text: However , little is known about the contribution of BRCA1 mutations to breast cancer in the general population . ### Output Text:
However , little is known about the contribution of BRCA1 mutations to <span class="disease">breast cancer</span> in the general population .
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities. ### Entity Markup Guides: Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease. ### Input Text: We analyzed DNA samples from women enrolled in a population - based study of early - onset breast cancer to assess the spectrum and frequency of germ - line BRCA1 mutations in young women with breast cancer . ### Output Text:
We analyzed DNA samples from women enrolled in a population - based study of early - onset <span class="disease">breast cancer</span> to assess the spectrum and frequency of germ - line BRCA1 mutations in young women with <span class="disease">breast cancer</span> .
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities. ### Entity Markup Guides: Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease. ### Input Text: METHODS . ### Output Text:
METHODS .
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities. ### Entity Markup Guides: Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease. ### Input Text: We studied 80 women in whom breast cancer was diagnosed before the age of 35 , and who were not selected on the basis of family history . ### Output Text:
We studied 80 women in whom <span class="disease">breast cancer</span> was diagnosed before the age of 35 , and who were not selected on the basis of family history .
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities. ### Entity Markup Guides: Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease. ### Input Text: Genomic DNA was studied for BRCA1 mutations by analysis involving single - strand conformation polymorphisms and with allele - specific assays . ### Output Text:
Genomic DNA was studied for BRCA1 mutations by analysis involving single - strand conformation polymorphisms and with allele - specific assays .
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities. ### Entity Markup Guides: Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease. ### Input Text: Alterations were defined by DNA sequencing . ### Output Text:
Alterations were defined by DNA sequencing .
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities. ### Entity Markup Guides: Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease. ### Input Text: RESULTS . ### Output Text:
RESULTS .
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities. ### Entity Markup Guides: Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease. ### Input Text: Germ - line BRCA1 mutations were identified in 6 of the 80 women . ### Output Text:
Germ - line BRCA1 mutations were identified in 6 of the 80 women .
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities. ### Entity Markup Guides: Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease. ### Input Text: Four additional rare sequence variants of unknown functional importance were also identified . ### Output Text:
Four additional rare sequence variants of unknown functional importance were also identified .
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the disease entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities. ### Entity Markup Guides: Use <span class="disease"> to denote a disease. ### Input Text: Two of the mutations and three of the rare sequence variants were found among the 39 women who reported no family history of breast or ovarian cancer . ### Output Text:
Two of the mutations and three of the rare sequence variants were found among the 39 women who reported no family history of <span class="disease">breast or ovarian cancer</span> .