time
int64 -11,700
2.01k
| polityid
stringclasses 376
values | szone
stringclasses 18
values | wregion
stringclasses 9
values | dup
stringclasses 2
values | age
stringclasses 6
values | facttype
stringclasses 2
values | en_notes
stringlengths 19
463
⌀ | it_notes
stringlengths 20
509
⌀ | sdcyclephase
int64 0
4
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1,010 | MxTltc* | BasinofMexico | NorthAmerica | o | medieval | supposed | null | null | 2 |
1,000 | MxTltc* | BasinofMexico | NorthAmerica | o | medieval | supposed | null | null | 1 |
990 | MxTltc* | BasinofMexico | NorthAmerica | o | medieval | supposed | "at the end of the 10th century a religious war broke between members of the cult of Tezcatlipoca and supporters of Quetzalcoatl. [Knight A. (2002) Mexico: Volume 1 From the Beginning to the Spanish Conquest. Cambridge University Press]" | "alla fine del X secolo scoppiò una guerra di religione tra i membri del culto di Tezcatlipoca e i sostenitori di Quetzalcoatl. [Knight A. (2002) Mexico: Volume 1 From the Beginning to the Spanish Conquest. Cambridge University Press]" | 0 |
980 | MxTltc* | BasinofMexico | NorthAmerica | o | medieval | supposed | "the reforms of Quetzalcoatl triggered political instability in Tula/Tollan eventually leading to an important migration of Toltecs to other parts of Mesoamerica around 981 especially to the Yucatan Peninsula" | "le riforme di Quetzalcoatl innescarono l'instabilità politica a Tula/Tollan, portando infine a un'importante migrazione di Toltechi in altre parti della Mesoamerica intorno al 981, in particolare nella penisola dello Yucatan" | 4 |
970 | MxTltc* | BasinofMexico | NorthAmerica | o | medieval | supposed | null | null | 4 |
960 | MxTltc* | BasinofMexico | NorthAmerica | o | medieval | supposed | null | null | 4 |
950 | MxTltc* | BasinofMexico | NorthAmerica | o | medieval | supposed | null | null | 3 |
940 | MxTltc* | BasinofMexico | NorthAmerica | o | medieval | supposed | "the ruler Quetzacoatl probably prohibilted human sacrifice caused the cultural and religion disorders. Possible elite change. [Knight A. 2002 Mexico: Volume 1 From the Beginning to the Spanish Conquest. Cambridge University Press]" | "il sovrano Quetzacoatl probabilmente proibì il sacrificio umano causando disordini culturali e religiosi. Possibile cambiamento di élite. [Knight A. 2002 Mexico: Volume 1 From the Beginning to the Spanish Conquest. Cambridge University Press]" | 3 |
930 | MxTltc* | BasinofMexico | NorthAmerica | o | medieval | supposed | null | null | 2 |
920 | MxTltc* | BasinofMexico | NorthAmerica | o | medieval | supposed | "People moved from old Tula where there was clay probably used in construction to new Tula that was on a commercial route for ceramics" | "La gente si trasferì dalla vecchia Tula, dove probabilmente c'era l'argilla usata nelle costruzioni, alla nuova Tula che si trovava su una rotta commerciale per la ceramica" | 2 |
910 | MxTltc* | BasinofMexico | NorthAmerica | o | medieval | supposed | null | null | 1 |
900 | MxTltc* | BasinofMexico | NorthAmerica | o | medieval | supposed | "Tula/Tollan -capital of Toltec culture- emerges as an active econimic center in the north-west of the territory. The Elite were probably merchant and warriors the population were artisans. It was a former theocracy. [De La Paz M. C. & Vázquez R. V. (2020). La historia detrás de los Anales de Cuauhtitlan The History behind the Anales de Cuauhtitlan. Estudios de Cultura Náhuatl 60 121-159 ]" | "Tula/Tollan -capitale della cultura tolteca- emerge come un centro economico attivo nel nord-ovest del territorio. Le élite erano probabilmente mercanti e guerrieri, la popolazione era artigiana. Era un'antica teocrazia. [De La Paz M. C. & Vázquez RV (2020). La historia detrás de los Anales de Cuauhtitlan La storia dietro gli Anales de Cuauhtitlan 60 121-159]" | 1 |
890 | MxCcxk* | BasinofMexico | NorthAmerica | o | medieval | supposed | null | null | 0 |
880 | MxCcxk* | BasinofMexico | NorthAmerica | o | medieval | supposed | null | null | 4 |
870 | MxCcxk* | BasinofMexico | NorthAmerica | o | medieval | supposed | null | null | 4 |
860 | MxCcxk* | BasinofMexico | NorthAmerica | o | medieval | supposed | null | null | 4 |
850 | MxCcxk* | BasinofMexico | NorthAmerica | o | medieval | supposed | null | null | 3 |
840 | MxCcxk* | BasinofMexico | NorthAmerica | o | medieval | supposed | null | null | 3 |
830 | MxCcxk* | BasinofMexico | NorthAmerica | o | medieval | supposed | null | null | 3 |
820 | MxCcxk* | BasinofMexico | NorthAmerica | o | medieval | supposed | null | null | 2 |
810 | MxCcxk* | BasinofMexico | NorthAmerica | o | medieval | supposed | null | null | 2 |
800 | MxCcxk* | BasinofMexico | NorthAmerica | o | medieval | supposed | null | null | 2 |
790 | MxCcxk* | BasinofMexico | NorthAmerica | o | medieval | supposed | null | null | 1 |
780 | MxCcxk* | BasinofMexico | NorthAmerica | o | medieval | supposed | null | null | 1 |
770 | MxCcxk* | BasinofMexico | NorthAmerica | o | medieval | supposed | "there might have been an ethnic change in the Cholula elite suggested by the influx of Gulf Coast motifs and by the burial at the pyramid of an individual with Maya-style cranial modification and inlaid teeth. [Evans Susan Toby 2001. Archaeology of ancient Mexico and Central America an Encyclopedia. New York & London: Garland Publishing Inc. pp. 139–141.]" | "potrebbe esserci stato un cambiamento etnico nell'élite di Cholula suggerito dall'afflusso di motivi della costa del Golfo e dalla sepoltura presso la piramide di un individuo con modificazioni craniche in stile Maya e denti intarsiati. [Evans Susan Toby 2001. Archeologia dell'antico Messico e America centrale un'enciclopedia New York e Londra: Garland Publishing Inc. pp. 139–141.]" | 1 |
760 | MxChok* | BasinofMexico | NorthAmerica | o | medieval | supposed | "Cholula was taken over by a culture from Gulf Coast known as the Olmec-Xicallanc from the site of Cacaxtla. [Coe Michael D. 2008. Mexico: from the Olmecs to the Aztecs. New York: Thames & Hudson. p. 140.]" | "Cholula fu rilevata da una cultura della costa del Golfo conosciuta come Olmec-Xicallanc dal sito di Cacaxtla. [Coe Michael D. 2008. Messico: dagli Olmechi agli Aztechi. New York: Thames & Hudson. p. 140. ]" | 0 |
750 | MxChok* | BasinofMexico | NorthAmerica | o | medieval | supposed | null | null | 4 |
740 | MxChok* | BasinofMexico | NorthAmerica | o | medieval | supposed | null | null | 4 |
730 | MxChok* | BasinofMexico | NorthAmerica | o | medieval | supposed | null | null | 3 |
720 | MxChok* | BasinofMexico | NorthAmerica | o | medieval | supposed | null | null | 3 |
710 | MxChok* | BasinofMexico | NorthAmerica | o | medieval | supposed | null | null | 3 |
700 | MxChok* | BasinofMexico | NorthAmerica | o | medieval | supposed | "Textile trade was the main activity in Cholula and there were specialized merchants. [McCafferty Sharisse D McCafferty Geoffrey 2000]" | "Il commercio tessile era l'attività principale a Cholula e c'erano commercianti specializzati. [McCafferty Sharisse D McCafferty Geoffrey 2000]" | 2 |
690 | MxChok* | BasinofMexico | NorthAmerica | o | medieval | supposed | null | null | 2 |
680 | MxChok* | BasinofMexico | NorthAmerica | o | medieval | supposed | "because of its location Cholula served as the primary trade route with Tolteca-Chichimeca kingdoms in southern Mesoamerica. [Pohl John 2013]." | "a causa della sua posizione, Cholula fungeva da principale via commerciale con i regni Tolteca-Chichimeca nella Mesoamerica meridionale. [Pohl John 2013]." | 2 |
670 | MxChok* | BasinofMexico | NorthAmerica | o | medieval | supposed | null | null | 1 |
660 | MxChok* | BasinofMexico | NorthAmerica | o | medieval | supposed | "new merchant elite emerges from cities competitors of Teotihuacan like Cholula Xochicalco and Cacaxtla. Althought they had much more limited dimension that Teotihuacan with max 25000 inhabitants. [Evans Susan Toby (2001). Archaeology of ancient Mexico and Central America an Encyclopedia. New York & London: Garland Publishing Inc. pp. 139–141.]" | "una nuova élite mercantile emerge da città concorrenti di Teotihuacan come Cholula Xochicalco e Cacaxtla. Sebbene avessero dimensioni molto più limitate di Teotihuacan con un massimo di 25000 abitanti. [Evans Susan Toby (2001). Archaeology of Ancient Mexico and Central America an Encyclopedia. New York & Londra: Garland Publishing Inc. pp. 139–141.]" | 1 |
650 | MxTeokl | BasinofMexico | NorthAmerica | o | ancient | supposed | "disruptions in tributary relations increased social stratification and power struggles between the ruling and intermediary elites determined definitve Teotihuacan decline. [Manzanilla LR 2015. Cooperation and tensions in multiethnic corporate societies using Teotihuacan Central Mexico as a case study . Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 112 (30): 9210–5.]" | "le interruzioni nelle relazioni tributarie hanno aumentato la stratificazione sociale e le lotte di potere tra le élite dominanti e intermedie hanno determinato il declino definitivo di Teotihuacan. [Manzanilla LR 2015. Cooperazione e tensioni nelle società multietniche utilizzando Teotihuacan Messico centrale come caso di studio. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 112 (30): 9210–5.]" | 0 |
640 | MxTeokl | BasinofMexico | NorthAmerica | o | ancient | supposed | null | null | 4 |
630 | MxTeokl | BasinofMexico | NorthAmerica | o | ancient | supposed | null | null | 4 |
620 | MxTeokl | BasinofMexico | NorthAmerica | o | ancient | supposed | null | null | 3 |
610 | MxTeokl | BasinofMexico | NorthAmerica | o | ancient | supposed | null | null | 3 |
600 | MxTeokl | BasinofMexico | NorthAmerica | o | ancient | supposed | null | null | 2 |
590 | MxTeokl | BasinofMexico | NorthAmerica | o | ancient | supposed | null | null | 2 |
580 | MxTeokl | BasinofMexico | NorthAmerica | o | ancient | supposed | null | null | 1 |
570 | MxTeokl | BasinofMexico | NorthAmerica | o | ancient | supposed | "there is evidence of burning limited to the structures and dwellings associated with the ruling class. probably famine led people to attack the centers of power. Nichols Deborah L. (2016). Teotihuacan . Journal of Archaeological Research. 24 (1): 1–74." | "ci sono prove di incendi limitati alle strutture e alle abitazioni associate alla classe dirigente. probabilmente la carestia portò le persone ad attaccare i centri di potere. Nichols Deborah L. (2016). Teotihuacan . Journal of Archaeological Research. 24 (1): 1 –74." | 0 |
560 | MxTeokl | BasinofMexico | NorthAmerica | o | ancient | supposed | null | null | 4 |
550 | MxTeokl | BasinofMexico | NorthAmerica | o | ancient | supposed | null | null | 4 |
540 | MxTeokl | BasinofMexico | NorthAmerica | o | ancient | supposed | null | null | 4 |
530 | MxTeokl | BasinofMexico | NorthAmerica | o | ancient | supposed | "a rise in the percentage of juvenile skeletons with evidence of malnutrition probably due to droughts related to the climate changes in 535. [Kaufman Terrence 2001. Nawa linguistic prehistory]." | "un aumento della percentuale di scheletri giovanili con evidenza di malnutrizione probabilmente a causa della siccità legata ai cambiamenti climatici nel 535. [Kaufman Terrence 2001. Preistoria linguistica Nawa]." | 4 |
520 | MxTeokl | BasinofMexico | NorthAmerica | o | ancient | supposed | null | null | 3 |
510 | MxTeokl | BasinofMexico | NorthAmerica | o | ancient | supposed | null | null | 3 |
500 | MxTeokl | BasinofMexico | NorthAmerica | o | ancient | supposed | null | null | 2 |
490 | MxTeokl | BasinofMexico | NorthAmerica | o | ancient | supposed | null | null | 2 |
480 | MxTeokl | BasinofMexico | NorthAmerica | o | ancient | supposed | null | null | 1 |
470 | MxTeokl | BasinofMexico | NorthAmerica | o | ancient | supposed | null | null | 0 |
460 | MxTeokl | BasinofMexico | NorthAmerica | o | ancient | supposed | null | null | 4 |
450 | MxTeokl | BasinofMexico | NorthAmerica | o | ancient | supposed | null | null | 3 |
440 | MxTeokl | BasinofMexico | NorthAmerica | o | ancient | supposed | null | null | 3 |
430 | MxTeokl | BasinofMexico | NorthAmerica | o | ancient | supposed | null | null | 3 |
420 | MxTeokl | BasinofMexico | NorthAmerica | o | ancient | supposed | "chief-priest Kinich Yax Kuk-Mo which means holy lord founds a colony from Tikal named Copàn in modern day Honduras" | "il capo-sacerdote Kinich Yax Kuk-Mo che significa santo signore fonda una colonia di Tikal chiamata Copàn nell'odierno Honduras" | 3 |
410 | MxTeokl | BasinofMexico | NorthAmerica | o | ancient | supposed | "no artifacts related to won wars have been found in Teotihuacan. Teotihuacan was led by some sort of collective governance [Greaber 2021]" | "a Teotihuacan non è stato trovato alcun artefatto relativo alle guerre vinte. Teotihuacan era guidata da una sorta di governo collettivo [Greaber 2021]" | 2 |
400 | MxTeokl | BasinofMexico | NorthAmerica | o | ancient | supposed | null | null | 2 |
390 | MxTeokl | BasinofMexico | NorthAmerica | o | ancient | supposed | null | null | 1 |
380 | MxTeokl | BasinofMexico | NorthAmerica | o | ancient | supposed | "Teotihuacan final period" | "Periodo finale di Teotihuacan" | 1 |
370 | MxTeoke | BasinofMexico | NorthAmerica | o | ancient | supposed | "Sihyaj K ahk (literally: born of fire) depicted with the feather-serpent imagery associated with Teotihuacan culture conquered Tikal replacing a Maya king" | "Sihyaj K ahk (letteralmente: nato dal fuoco) raffigurato con l'immagine del serpente piumato associato alla cultura di Teotihuacan conquistò Tikal sostituendo un re Maya" | 0 |
360 | MxTeoke | BasinofMexico | NorthAmerica | o | ancient | supposed | null | null | 4 |
350 | MxTeoke | BasinofMexico | NorthAmerica | o | ancient | supposed | null | null | 3 |
340 | MxTeoke | BasinofMexico | NorthAmerica | o | ancient | supposed | "reached the population of an archaic state while the city expands. there is a shift of political power from the Temple of the Feathered Serpent to the Avenue of the Dead. Some authors believe that this represents a shift from the town-based monarchical political system to a more decentralized and bureaucratic organization" | "ha raggiunto la popolazione di uno stato arcaico mentre la città si espande. c'è uno spostamento del potere politico dal Tempio del Serpente Piumato al Viale dei Morti. Alcuni autori ritengono che questo rappresenti uno spostamento dal sistema politico monarchico basato sulla città ad un'organizzazione più decentralizzata e burocratica" | 3 |
330 | MxTeoke | BasinofMexico | NorthAmerica | o | ancient | supposed | null | null | 2 |
320 | MxTeoke | BasinofMexico | NorthAmerica | o | ancient | supposed | null | null | 2 |
310 | MxTeoke | BasinofMexico | NorthAmerica | o | ancient | supposed | "possible fast growth of Teotihuacan with egalitarian society" | "possibile crescita rapida di Teotihuacan con una società egualitaria" | 1 |
300 | MxTeoke | BasinofMexico | NorthAmerica | o | ancient | supposed | "eruption of Xitle volcano in 315 probably destroyed the Cuicuilco polpulation and there was a mass of refugees in Teotihuacan. Reforms: the temple of the Feathered Serpent is desecrated and construction in the city went in a more egalitarian direction probably after a cultural revolution to host the refugees of the Cuicuilco population. [Graeber D. & Wengrow D. (2021). The dawn of everything: A new history of humanity. Penguin UK.]" | "L'eruzione del vulcano Xitle nel 315 distrusse probabilmente la popolazione di Cuicuilco e ci fu una massa di profughi a Teotihuacan. Riforme: il tempio del Serpente Piumato viene sconsacrato e la costruzione della città andò in una direzione più egualitaria, probabilmente dopo una rivoluzione culturale per ospitare i rifugiati della popolazione di Cuicuilco [Graeber D. & Wengrow D. (2021). L'alba di tutto: una nuova storia dell'umanità.]" | 0 |
290 | MxTeoke | BasinofMexico | NorthAmerica | o | ancient | supposed | null | null | 4 |
280 | MxTeoke | BasinofMexico | NorthAmerica | o | ancient | supposed | null | null | 4 |
270 | MxTeoke | BasinofMexico | NorthAmerica | o | ancient | supposed | null | null | 4 |
260 | MxTeoke | BasinofMexico | NorthAmerica | o | ancient | supposed | null | null | 3 |
250 | MxTeoke | BasinofMexico | NorthAmerica | o | ancient | supposed | "end of the epi-olmecs culture" | "fine della cultura epi-olmeca" | 3 |
240 | MxTeoke | BasinofMexico | NorthAmerica | o | ancient | supposed | "appearence of the Xitle volcano in 245." | "apparizione del vulcano Xitle nel 245." | 3 |
230 | MxTeoke | BasinofMexico | NorthAmerica | o | ancient | supposed | null | null | 2 |
220 | MxTeoke | BasinofMexico | NorthAmerica | o | ancient | supposed | null | null | 2 |
210 | MxTeoke | BasinofMexico | NorthAmerica | o | ancient | supposed | null | null | 1 |
200 | MxTeoke | BasinofMexico | NorthAmerica | o | ancient | supposed | "the tunnel under the feathered serpent temple/Teotihuacan pyramid is sealed." | "il tunnel sotto il tempio del serpente piumato/piramide di Teotihuacan è sigillato." | 1 |
190 | MxTeoke | BasinofMexico | NorthAmerica | o | ancient | supposed | null | null | 0 |
180 | MxTeoke | BasinofMexico | NorthAmerica | o | ancient | supposed | null | null | 4 |
170 | MxTeoke | BasinofMexico | NorthAmerica | o | ancient | supposed | null | null | 4 |
160 | MxTeoke | BasinofMexico | NorthAmerica | o | ancient | supposed | null | null | 4 |
150 | MxTeoke | BasinofMexico | NorthAmerica | o | ancient | supposed | null | null | 3 |
140 | MxTeoke | BasinofMexico | NorthAmerica | o | ancient | supposed | "Teotihuacan was a multiethnic city that was broken up into areas of different ethnicities and workers" | "Teotihuacan era una città multietnica, frammentata in zone di diverse etnie e lavoratori" | 3 |
130 | MxTeoke | BasinofMexico | NorthAmerica | o | ancient | supposed | "ripopulation after the eruption with probable immigration from neighbors territories" | "ripopolamento post eruzione con probabile immigrazione dai territori vicini" | 2 |
120 | MxTeoke | BasinofMexico | NorthAmerica | o | ancient | supposed | null | null | 2 |
110 | MxTeoke | BasinofMexico | NorthAmerica | o | ancient | supposed | null | null | 1 |
100 | MxTeoke | BasinofMexico | NorthAmerica | o | ancient | supposed | "the great pyramid of Teotihuacan/temple of the feathered serpent is built. new religiuos elite. probably it has become a major religious centre in mesoamerica. first evidence of a calendar. [ Šprajc Ivan (2000). Astronomical alignments at Teotihuacan Mexico . Latin American Antiquity. 11 (4): 406.]" | "viene costruita la grande piramide di Teotihuacan/tempio del serpente piumato. nuova élite religiosa. probabilmente è diventato un importante centro religioso della Mesoamerica. prima prova di un calendario. [ Šprajc Ivan (2000). Allineamenti astronomici a Teotihuacan Messico. Latino Antichità americana 11 (4): 406.]" | 0 |
90 | MxTeoke | BasinofMexico | NorthAmerica | o | ancient | supposed | null | null | 4 |
80 | MxTeoke | BasinofMexico | NorthAmerica | o | ancient | supposed | null | null | 4 |
70 | MxTeoke | BasinofMexico | NorthAmerica | o | ancient | supposed | null | null | 4 |
60 | MxTeoke | BasinofMexico | NorthAmerica | o | ancient | supposed | null | null | 4 |
50 | MxTeoke | BasinofMexico | NorthAmerica | o | ancient | supposed | null | null | 3 |
40 | MxTeoke | BasinofMexico | NorthAmerica | o | ancient | supposed | null | null | 3 |
30 | MxTeoke | BasinofMexico | NorthAmerica | o | ancient | supposed | null | null | 2 |
20 | MxTeoke | BasinofMexico | NorthAmerica | o | ancient | supposed | null | null | 2 |
Subsets and Splits
No saved queries yet
Save your SQL queries to embed, download, and access them later. Queries will appear here once saved.